201
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András IE, Garcia-Contreras M, Yanick C, Perez P, Sewell B, Durand L, Toborek M. Extracellular vesicle-mediated amyloid transfer to neural progenitor cells: implications for RAGE and HIV infection. Mol Brain 2020; 13:21. [PMID: 32066471 PMCID: PMC7027073 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-020-0562-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition was demonstrated to be elevated in the brains of HIV-infected patients and associated with neurocognitive decline; however, the mechanisms of these processes are poorly understood. The goal of the current study was to address the hypothesis that Aβ can be transferred via extracellular vesicles (ECVs) from brain endothelial cells to neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and that this process can contribute to abnormal NPC differentiation. Mechanistically, we focused on the role of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and activation of the inflammasome in these events. ECVs loaded with Aβ (Aβ-ECVs) were readily taken up by NPCs and Aβ partly colocalized with the inflammasome markers ASC and NLRP3 in the nuclei of the recipient NPCs. This colocalization was affected by HIV and RAGE inhibition by a high-affinity specific inhibitor FPS-ZM1. Blocking RAGE resulted also in an increase in ECV number produced by brain endothelial cells, decreased Aβ content in ECVs, and diminished Aβ-ECVs transfer to NPC nuclei. Interestingly, both Aβ-ECVs and RAGE inhibition altered NPC differentiation. Overall, these data indicate that RAGE inhibition affects brain endothelial ECV release and Aβ-ECVs transfer to NPCs. These events may modulate ECV-mediated amyloid pathology in the HIV-infected brain and contribute to the development of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibolya E. András
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, 1011 NW 15th Street, Gautier Building, Room 528, Miami, FL 33136-1019 USA
| | - Marta Garcia-Contreras
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, 1450 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL 33136-1011 USA
| | - Christopher Yanick
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, 1011 NW 15th Street, Gautier Building, Room 528, Miami, FL 33136-1019 USA
| | - Paola Perez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, 1011 NW 15th Street, Gautier Building, Room 528, Miami, FL 33136-1019 USA
| | - Brice Sewell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, 1011 NW 15th Street, Gautier Building, Room 528, Miami, FL 33136-1019 USA
| | - Leonardo Durand
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, 1011 NW 15th Street, Gautier Building, Room 528, Miami, FL 33136-1019 USA
| | - Michal Toborek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, 1011 NW 15th Street, Gautier Building, Room 528, Miami, FL 33136-1019 USA
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202
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Li Y, Wang J, Song K, Liu S, Zhang H, Wang F, Ni C, Zhai W, Liang J, Qin Z, Zhang J. S100A4 promotes hepatocellular carcinogenesis by intensifying fibrosis-associated cancer cell stemness. Oncoimmunology 2020; 9:1725355. [PMID: 32117590 PMCID: PMC7028350 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2020.1725355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A cancer-promoting role of fibrogenesis in the liver has long been speculated; however, the molecular mechanisms regarding this phenomenon are largely unknown. We demonstrated in our previous study that macrophage-derived S100A4 promotes liver fibrosis via activation of hepatic stellate cells; however, whether and how S100A4 directly contributes to the development of fibrosis-associated liver cancer remains elusive. High expression of S100A4 in the fibrotic region was observed in human liver tumor tissues which associated with advanced disease severity. Through an established hepatocarcinogenesis model involving apparent liver fibrogenesis, we found that S100A4-deficient mice developed significantly less and smaller liver tumor nodules, with no change in the liver inflammation but decreased liver fibrosis and expression of stem cell markers in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues. Mechanistically, S100A4 directly promoted stem cell-associated genes signatures in a way synergistic with its interacting protein, extracellular matrix component collagen I. This process is dependent on the receptor of advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and β-catenin signaling. Furthermore, the liver tumor sphere formation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo were greatly enhanced only when the cancer cells were pretreated with both S100A4 and collagen I. Our work firstly demonstrated a key role of S100A4 in synergy with extracellular matrix in the promotion of hepatocellular carcinoma by affecting the stemness of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Li
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Chinese Academy of Sciences-University of Tokyo Joint Laboratory of Structural Virology and Immunology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kun Song
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Chinese Academy of Sciences-University of Tokyo Joint Laboratory of Structural Virology and Immunology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Chinese Academy of Sciences-University of Tokyo Joint Laboratory of Structural Virology and Immunology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huilei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Chinese Academy of Sciences-University of Tokyo Joint Laboratory of Structural Virology and Immunology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chen Ni
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wenlong Zhai
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jialu Liang
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhihai Qin
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Chinese Academy of Sciences-University of Tokyo Joint Laboratory of Structural Virology and Immunology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinhua Zhang
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
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203
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Impact of HMGB1, RAGE, and TLR4 in Alzheimer's Disease (AD): From Risk Factors to Therapeutic Targeting. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020383. [PMID: 32046119 PMCID: PMC7072620 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder and a leading cause of dementia, with accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) as defining pathological features. AD presents a serious global health concern with no cure to date, reflecting the complexity of its pathogenesis. Recent evidence indicates that neuroinflammation serves as the link between amyloid deposition, Tau pathology, and neurodegeneration. The high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein, an initiator and activator of neuroinflammatory responses, has been involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including AD. HMGB1 is a typical damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) protein that exerts its biological activity mainly through binding to the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). RAGE and TLR4 are key components of the innate immune system that both bind to HMGB1. Targeting of HMGB1, RAGE, and TLR4 in experimental AD models has demonstrated beneficial effects in halting AD progression by suppressing neuroinflammation, reducing Aβ load and production, improving spatial learning, and inhibiting microglial stimulation. Herein, we discuss the contribution of HMGB1 and its receptor signaling in neuroinflammation and AD pathogenesis, providing evidence of its beneficial effects upon therapeutic targeting.
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204
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Giannoni P, Claeysen S, Noe F, Marchi N. Peripheral Routes to Neurodegeneration: Passing Through the Blood-Brain Barrier. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:3. [PMID: 32116645 PMCID: PMC7010934 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A bidirectional crosstalk between peripheral players of immunity and the central nervous system (CNS) exists. Hence, blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown is emerging as a participant mechanism of dysregulated peripheral-CNS interplay, promoting diseases. Here, we examine the implication of BBB damage in neurodegeneration, linking it to peripheral brain-directed autoantibodies and gut-brain axis mechanisms. As BBB breakdown is a factor contributing to, or even anticipating, neuronal dysfunction(s), we here identify contemporary pharmacological strategies that could be exploited to repair the BBB in disease conditions. Developing neurovascular, add on, therapeutic strategies may lead to a more efficacious pre-clinical to clinical transition with the goal of curbing the progression of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sylvie Claeysen
- CNRS, INSERM U1191, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Francesco Noe
- HiLIFE – Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nicola Marchi
- CNRS, INSERM U1191, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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205
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Apolipoprotein E ε4 Allele is Associated With Plasma Amyloid Beta and Amyloid Beta Transporter Levels: A Cross-sectional Study in a Rural Area of Xi'an, China. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2020; 28:194-204. [PMID: 31350163 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2019.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The effects of the Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genotype on peripheral amyloid beta (Aβ) and Aβ transporter levels are still unclear. Soluble low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (sLRP1) and soluble receptor of advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) are the major transporter for Aβ, which can prevent plasma Aβ from flowing into brain. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between the ApoE genotype and plasma Aβ, sLRP1, sRAGE levels. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING The committee office of the village. PARTICIPANTS Residents lived in the village for more than 3 years, aged 40-85 years (n = 1,119, 63.5% women). MEASUREMENTS Plasma biomarkers include ApoE genotype, Aβ, sLRP1, sRAGE, fasting blood-glucose, and blood lipids. General information, medical history, living habits, and cognitive status (cognitive impairment or not) were also collected. RESULTS After controlling for all possible covariates, multiple linear regression analysis showed that the plasma level of Aβ42 was higher and log-transformed sLRP1 was lower in ApoE ε4 carriers than that in noncarriers (βAβ42 = 1.214, 95% confidence interval: 0.105-2.316, pAβ42 = 0.031; βsLRP1 = -0.075, 95% confidence interval: -0.129 to -0.021, psLRP1 = 0.006, respectively). Partial correlation analysis showed that plasma Aβ40 was positively correlated with log-transformed sLRP1 and log-transformed sRAGE (rsLRP1 = 0.116, psLRP1 <0.001; rsRAGE = 0.078, psLRP1 = 0.009, respectively). Plasma Aβ42 was positively correlated with log-transformed sRAGE (r = 0.072, p = 0.017). CONCLUSION ApoE ε4 carriers had higher plasma Aβ42 levels and lower sLRP1 levels. These data indicated that the ApoE ε4 allele may also contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease through its effects on peripheral Aβ42 and sLRP1 levels, but it needs to be further elucidated.
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206
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Azhary JMK, Harada M, Kunitomi C, Kusamoto A, Takahashi N, Nose E, Oi N, Wada-Hiraike O, Urata Y, Hirata T, Hirota Y, Koga K, Fujii T, Osuga Y. Androgens Increase Accumulation of Advanced Glycation End Products in Granulosa Cells by Activating ER Stress in PCOS. Endocrinology 2020; 161:5724441. [PMID: 32020188 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqaa015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with hyperandrogenism, and we previously found that androgens activate endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in granulosa cells from patients with PCOS. In addition, recent studies demonstrated the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in granulosa cells from PCOS patients, which contribute to the pathology. Therefore, we hypothesized that androgens upregulate the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) expression in granulosa cells by activating ER stress, thereby increasing the accumulation of AGEs in these cells and contributing to the pathology. In the present study, we show that testosterone increases RAGE expression and AGE accumulation in cultured human granulosa-lutein cells (GLCs), and this is reduced by pretreatment with tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), an ER stress inhibitor in clinical use. Knockdown of the transcription factor C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), an unfolded protein response factor activated by ER stress, inhibits testosterone-induced RAGE expression and AGE accumulation. The expression of RAGE and the accumulation of AGEs are upregulated in granulosa cells from PCOS patients and dehydroepiandrosterone-induced PCOS mice. Administration of the RAGE inhibitor FPS-ZM1 or TUDCA to PCOS mice reduces RAGE expression and AGE accumulation in granulosa cells, improves their estrous cycle, and reduces the number of atretic antral follicles. In summary, our findings indicate that hyperandrogenism in PCOS increases the expression of RAGE and accumulation of AGEs in the ovary by activating ER stress, and that targeting the AGE-RAGE system, either by using a RAGE inhibitor or a clinically available ER stress inhibitor, may represent a novel approach to PCOS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerilee M K Azhary
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miyuki Harada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chisato Kunitomi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akari Kusamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nozomi Takahashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Emi Nose
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nagisa Oi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Wada-Hiraike
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Urata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hirata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Hirota
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaori Koga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Fujii
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Osuga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
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207
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Versele R, Corsi M, Fuso A, Sevin E, Businaro R, Gosselet F, Fenart L, Candela P. Ketone Bodies Promote Amyloid-β 1-40 Clearance in a Human in Vitro Blood-Brain Barrier Model. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E934. [PMID: 32023814 PMCID: PMC7037612 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the abnormal accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides in the brain. The pathological process has not yet been clarified, although dysfunctional transport of Aβ across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) appears to be integral to disease development. At present, no effective therapeutic treatment against AD exists, and the adoption of a ketogenic diet (KD) or ketone body (KB) supplements have been investigated as potential new therapeutic approaches. Despite experimental evidence supporting the hypothesis that KBs reduce the Aβ load in the AD brain, little information is available about the effect of KBs on BBB and their effect on Aβ transport. Therefore, we used a human in vitro BBB model, brain-like endothelial cells (BLECs), to investigate the effect of KBs on the BBB and on Aβ transport. Our results show that KBs do not modify BBB integrity and do not cause toxicity to BLECs. Furthermore, the presence of KBs in the culture media was combined with higher MCT1 and GLUT1 protein levels in BLECs. In addition, KBs significantly enhanced the protein levels of LRP1, P-gp, and PICALM, described to be involved in Aβ clearance. Finally, the combined use of KBs promotes Aβ efflux across the BBB. Inhibition experiments demonstrated the involvement of LRP1 and P-gp in the efflux. This work provides evidence that KBs promote Aβ clearance from the brain to blood in addition to exciting perspectives for studying the use of KBs in therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Versele
- Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique (LBHE), UR 2465, Université d'Artois, F-62300 Lens, France; (R.V.); (M.C.); (E.S.); (F.G.); (L.F.)
| | - Mariangela Corsi
- Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique (LBHE), UR 2465, Université d'Artois, F-62300 Lens, France; (R.V.); (M.C.); (E.S.); (F.G.); (L.F.)
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100 Latina, Italy;
| | - Andrea Fuso
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Dip. di Chirurgia “P. Valdoni”, Via A. Scarpa 16, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Emmanuel Sevin
- Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique (LBHE), UR 2465, Université d'Artois, F-62300 Lens, France; (R.V.); (M.C.); (E.S.); (F.G.); (L.F.)
| | - Rita Businaro
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100 Latina, Italy;
| | - Fabien Gosselet
- Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique (LBHE), UR 2465, Université d'Artois, F-62300 Lens, France; (R.V.); (M.C.); (E.S.); (F.G.); (L.F.)
| | - Laurence Fenart
- Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique (LBHE), UR 2465, Université d'Artois, F-62300 Lens, France; (R.V.); (M.C.); (E.S.); (F.G.); (L.F.)
| | - Pietra Candela
- Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique (LBHE), UR 2465, Université d'Artois, F-62300 Lens, France; (R.V.); (M.C.); (E.S.); (F.G.); (L.F.)
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208
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Neurovascular unit dysregulation, white matter disease, and executive dysfunction: the shared triad of vascular cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease. GeroScience 2020; 42:445-465. [PMID: 32002785 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-020-00164-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Executive dysfunction is the most important predictor for loss of independence in dementia. As executive function involves the coordination of distributed cerebral functions, executive function requires healthy white matter. However, white matter is highly vulnerable to cerebrovascular insults, with executive dysfunction being a core feature of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). At the same time, cerebrovascular pathology, white matter disease, and executive dysfunction are all increasingly recognized as features of Alzheimer disease (AD). Recent studies have characterized the crucial role of glial cells in the pathological changes observed in both VCI and AD. In comorbid VCI and AD, the glial cells of the neurovascular unit (NVU) emerge as important therapeutic targets for the preservation of white matter integrity and executive function. Our synthesis from current research identifies dysregulation of the NVU, white matter disease, and executive dysfunction as a fundamental triad that is common to both VCI and AD. Further study of this triad will be critical for advancing the prevention and management of dementia.
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209
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Govindpani K, Vinnakota C, Waldvogel HJ, Faull RL, Kwakowsky A. Vascular dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease: a biomarker of disease progression and a potential therapeutic target. Neural Regen Res 2020; 15:1030-1032. [PMID: 31823877 PMCID: PMC7034279 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.270306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Karan Govindpani
- Centre for Brain Research, Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Chitra Vinnakota
- Centre for Brain Research, Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Henry J Waldvogel
- Centre for Brain Research, Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Richard L Faull
- Centre for Brain Research, Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Andrea Kwakowsky
- Centre for Brain Research, Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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210
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Szczepanik JC, Garcia AF, Lopes de Almeida GR, Cunha MP, Dafre AL. Protective effects against memory impairment induced by methylglyoxal in mice co-treated with FPS-ZM1, an advanced glycation end products receptor antagonist. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2020. [DOI: 10.21307/ane-2020-033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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211
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Bassendine MF, Taylor-Robinson SD, Fertleman M, Khan M, Neely D. Is Alzheimer's Disease a Liver Disease of the Brain? J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 75:1-14. [PMID: 32250293 PMCID: PMC7306895 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Clinical specialization is not only a force for progress, but it has also led to the fragmentation of medical knowledge. The focus of research in the field of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is neurobiology, while hepatologists focus on liver diseases and lipid specialists on atherosclerosis. This article on AD focuses on the role of the liver and lipid homeostasis in the development of AD. Amyloid-β (Aβ) deposits accumulate as plaques in the brain of an AD patient long before cognitive decline is evident. Aβ generation is a normal physiological process; the steady-state level of Aβ in the brain is determined by balance between Aβ production and its clearance. We present evidence suggesting that the liver is the origin of brain Aβ deposits and that it is involved in peripheral clearance of circulating Aβ in the blood. Hence the liver could be targeted to decrease Aβ production or increase peripheral clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret F. Bassendine
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Division of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, St Mary’s Campus, UK
| | - Simon D. Taylor-Robinson
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Division of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, St Mary’s Campus, UK
| | - Michael Fertleman
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Division of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, St Mary’s Campus, UK
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Michael Khan
- University of Warwick & University Hospitals of Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, UK
| | - Dermot Neely
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Blood Sciences, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
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212
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Voluntary exercise increases brain tissue oxygenation and spatially homogenizes oxygen delivery in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 88:11-23. [PMID: 31866158 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Although vascular contributions to dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are increasingly recognized, the potential brain oxygenation disruption associated with AD and whether preventive strategies to maintain tissue oxygenation are beneficial remain largely unknown. This study aimed to examine (1) whether brain oxygenation is compromised by the onset of AD and (2) how voluntary exercise modulates the influence of AD on brain oxygenation. In vivo 2-photon phosphorescence lifetime microscopy was used to investigate local changes of brain tissue oxygenation with the progression of AD and its modulation by exercise in the barrel cortex of awake transgenic AD mice. Our results show that cerebral tissue oxygen partial pressure (PO2) decreased with the onset of AD. Reduced PO2 was associated with the presence of small near-hypoxic areas, an increased oxygen extraction fraction, and reduced blood flow, observations that were all reverted by exercise. AD and age also increased the spatial heterogeneity of brain tissue oxygenation, which was normalized by exercise. Ex vivo staining also showed fewer amyloid-β (Aβ) deposits in the exercise group. Finally, we observed correlations between voluntary running distance and cerebral tissue oxygenation/blood flow, suggesting a dose-response relationship of exercise on the brain. Overall, this study suggests that compromised brain oxygenation is an indicator of the onset of AD, with the emergence of potential deleterious mechanisms associated with hypoxia. Furthermore, voluntary exercise enhanced the neurovascular oxygenation process, potentially offering a means to delay these changes.
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213
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Clinical Implications of Extracellular HMGA1 in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20235950. [PMID: 31779212 PMCID: PMC6928815 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The unconventional secretion of proteins is generally caused by cellular stress. During the tumorigenesis, tumor cells experience high levels of stress, and the secretion of some theoretically intracellular proteins is activated. Once in the extracellular space, these proteins play different paracrine and autocrine roles and could represent a vulnerability of cancer. One of these proteins is the high mobility group A1 (HMGA1), which is frequently overexpressed in tumors and presents a low expression in normal adult tissues. We have recently described that HMGA1 establishes an autocrine loop in invasive triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. The secretion of HMGA1 and its binding to the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) mediates the migration, invasion, and metastasis of TNBC cells and predicts the onset of metastasis in these patients. In this review, we summarized different strategies to exploit the novel tumorigenic phenotype mediated by extracellular HMGA1. We envisioned future clinical applications where the association between its change in subcellular localization and breast cancer progression could be used to predict tumor aggressiveness and guide treatment decisions. Furthermore, we proposed that targeting extracellular HMGA1 as monotherapy using monoclonal antibodies, or in combination with chemotherapy and other targeted therapies, could bring new therapeutic options for TNBC patients.
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Wang J, Li R, Peng Z, Hu B, Rao X, Li J. HMGB1 participates in LPS‑induced acute lung injury by activating the AIM2 inflammasome in macrophages and inducing polarization of M1 macrophages via TLR2, TLR4, and RAGE/NF‑κB signaling pathways. Int J Mol Med 2019; 45:61-80. [PMID: 31746367 PMCID: PMC6889921 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a crucial proinflammatory cytokine, was reported to activate the absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome, which are both essential in acute lung injury (ALI). However, their interaction mechanism has remained elusive. Macrophages are known to express the AIM2 inflammasome and the main receptors [receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), Toll‑like receptor 2/4 (TLR‑2/TLR‑4)] of HMGB1 to transmit intracellular signals. The present study aimed to indicate whether HMGB1 participates in the process of lipopolysaccharides (LPS)‑induced ALI through activating the AIM2 inflammasome in macrophages, as well as inducing polarization of M1 macrophages via TLR2, TLR4 and RAGE/ nuclear factor‑κB (NF‑κB) signaling pathways. In an in vivo mouse model of LPS‑induced ALI, anti‑HMGB1, recombinant (r)HMGB1, LPS from Rhodobacter sphaeroides (LPS‑RS, TLR2/4 antagonist) or FPS‑ZM1 (RAGE antagonist) were administrated. In in vitro studies, bone marrow‑derived macrophages from mice primed with LPS were stimulated with or without anti‑HMGB1, rHMGB1, LPS‑RS, or FPS‑ZM1. The findings revealed that anti‑HMGB1, LPS‑RS and FPS‑ZM1 significantly decreased infiltration of inflammatory cells, wet‑to‑dry ratio, myeloperoxidase activity in the lung, the levels of cytokines, as well as macrophages and neutrophil infiltration in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. However, rHMGB1 aggravated the inflammatory response in ALI. Mechanistically, anti‑HMGB1, LPS‑RS and FPS‑ZM1 attenuated activation of TLR2, TLR4, and RAGE/NF‑κB signaling pathways and expression of the AIM2 inflammasome in macrophages. However, rHMGB1 enhanced their expression levels and induced polarization of M1 macrophages. These results indicated that HMGB1 could participate in the pathogenesis of ALI by activating the AIM2 inflammasome in macrophages, as well as inducing polarization of M1 macrophages through TLR2, TLR4 and RAGE/NF‑κB signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Ruiting Li
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Wuhan Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyong Peng
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Xin Rao
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Jianguo Li
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
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Sasannejad C, Ely EW, Lahiri S. Long-term cognitive impairment after acute respiratory distress syndrome: a review of clinical impact and pathophysiological mechanisms. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2019; 23:352. [PMID: 31718695 PMCID: PMC6852966 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-019-2626-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) survivors experience a high prevalence of cognitive impairment with concomitantly impaired functional status and quality of life, often persisting months after hospital discharge. In this review, we explore the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment following ARDS, the interrelations between mechanisms and risk factors, and interventions that may mitigate the risk of cognitive impairment. Risk factors for cognitive decline following ARDS include pre-existing cognitive impairment, neurological injury, delirium, mechanical ventilation, prolonged exposure to sedating medications, sepsis, systemic inflammation, and environmental factors in the intensive care unit, which can co-occur synergistically in various combinations. Detection and characterization of pre-existing cognitive impairment imparts challenges in clinical management and longitudinal outcome study enrollment. Patients with brain injury who experience ARDS constitute a distinct population with a particular combination of risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms: considerations raised by brain injury include neurogenic pulmonary edema, differences in sympathetic activation and cholinergic transmission, effects of positive end-expiratory pressure on cerebral microcirculation and intracranial pressure, and sensitivity to vasopressor use and volume status. The blood-brain barrier represents a physiological interface at which multiple mechanisms of cognitive impairment interact, as acute blood-brain barrier weakening from mechanical ventilation and systemic inflammation can compound existing chronic blood-brain barrier dysfunction from Alzheimer’s-type pathophysiology, rendering the brain vulnerable to both amyloid-beta accumulation and cytokine-mediated hippocampal damage. Although some contributory elements, such as the presenting brain injury or pre-existing cognitive impairment, may be irreversible, interventions such as minimizing mechanical ventilation tidal volume, minimizing duration of exposure to sedating medications, maintaining hemodynamic stability, optimizing fluid balance, and implementing bundles to enhance patient care help dramatically to reduce duration of delirium and may help prevent acquisition of long-term cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cina Sasannejad
- Division of Neurocritical Care and Emergency Neurology, Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - E Wesley Ely
- Critical Illness, Brain Dysfunction, Survivorship (CIBS) Center, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Veteran's Affairs Tennessee Valley Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Shouri Lahiri
- Division of Neurocritical Care, Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd, AHSP Building, Suite A6600, A8103, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA. .,Division of Neurocritical Care, Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd, AHSP Building, Suite A6600, A8103, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA. .,Division of Neurocritical Care, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd, AHSP Building, Suite A6600, A8103, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
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Madadi S, Schwarzenbach H, Saidijam M, Mahjub R, Soleimani M. Potential microRNA-related targets in clearance pathways of amyloid-β: novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Cell Biosci 2019; 9:91. [PMID: 31749959 PMCID: PMC6852943 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-019-0354-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Imbalance between amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide synthesis and clearance results in Aβ deregulation. Failure to clear these peptides appears to cause the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In recent years, microRNAs have become established key regulators of biological processes that relate among others to the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD. This review article gives an overview on microRNAs that are involved in the Aβ cascade and discusses their inhibitory impact on their target mRNAs whose products participate in Aβ clearance. Understanding of the mechanism of microRNA in the associated signal pathways could identify novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheil Madadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Heidi Schwarzenbach
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Massoud Saidijam
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Reza Mahjub
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Meysam Soleimani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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217
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de Carvalho GC, Borget MY, Bernier S, Garneau D, da Silva Duarte AJ, Dumais N. RAGE and CCR7 mediate the transmigration of Zika-infected monocytes through the blood-brain barrier. Immunobiology 2019; 224:792-803. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2019.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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218
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Lin Q, Fan C, Skinner JT, Hunter EN, Macdonald AA, Illei PB, Yamaji-Kegan K, Johns RA. RELMα Licenses Macrophages for Damage-Associated Molecular Pattern Activation to Instigate Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:2862-2871. [PMID: 31611261 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a debilitating disease characterized by remodeling of the lung vasculature. In rodents, resistin-like molecule-α (RELMα, also known as HIMF or FIZZ1) can induce PH, but the signaling mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, we used human lung samples and a hypoxia-induced mouse model of PH. We found that the human homolog of RELMα, human (h) resistin, is upregulated in macrophage-like inflammatory cells from lung tissues of patients with idiopathic PH. Additionally, at PH onset in the mouse model, we observed RELMα-dependent lung accumulation of macrophages that expressed high levels of the key damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and its receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). In vitro, RELMα/hresistin-induced macrophage-specific HMGB1/RAGE expression and facilitated HMGB1 nucleus-to-cytoplasm translocation and extracellular secretion. Mechanistically, hresistin promoted HMGB1 posttranslational lysine acetylation by preserving the NAD+-dependent deacetylase sirtuin (Sirt) 1 in human macrophages. Notably, the hresistin-stimulated macrophages promoted apoptosis-resistant proliferation of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells in an HMGB1/RAGE-dependent manner. In the mouse model, RELMα also suppressed the Sirt1 signal in pulmonary macrophages in the early posthypoxic period. Notably, recruited macrophages in the lungs of these mice carried the RELMα binding partner Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK). hResistin also mediated the migration of human macrophages by activating BTK in vitro. Collectively, these data reveal a vascular-immune cellular interaction in the early PH stage and suggest that targeting RELMα/DAMP-driven macrophages may offer a promising strategy to treat PH and other related vascular inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205; and
| | - Chunling Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205; and
| | - John T Skinner
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205; and
| | - Elizabeth N Hunter
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205; and
| | - Andrew A Macdonald
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205; and
| | - Peter B Illei
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Kazuyo Yamaji-Kegan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205; and
| | - Roger A Johns
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205; and
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Lin Q, Fan C, Gomez-Arroyo J, Van Raemdonck K, Meuchel LW, Skinner JT, Everett AD, Fang X, Macdonald AA, Yamaji-Kegan K, Johns RA. HIMF (Hypoxia-Induced Mitogenic Factor) Signaling Mediates the HMGB1 (High Mobility Group Box 1)-Dependent Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Cell Crosstalk in Pulmonary Hypertension. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:2505-2519. [PMID: 31597444 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.312907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE HIMF (hypoxia-induced mitogenic factor; also known as FIZZ1 [found in inflammatory zone-1] or RELM [resistin-like molecule-α]) is an etiological factor of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in rodents, but its underlying mechanism is unclear. We investigated the immunomodulatory properties of HIMF signaling in PH pathogenesis. Approach and Results: Gene-modified mice that lacked HIMF (KO [knockout]) or overexpressed HIMF human homolog resistin (hResistin) were used for in vivo experiments. The pro-PH role of HIMF was verified in HIMF-KO mice exposed to chronic hypoxia or sugen/hypoxia. Mechanistically, HIMF/hResistin activation triggered the HMGB1 (high mobility group box 1) pathway and RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation end products) in pulmonary endothelial cells (ECs) of hypoxic mouse lungs in vivo and in human pulmonary microvascular ECs in vitro. Treatment with conditioned medium from hResistin-stimulated human pulmonary microvascular ECs induced an autophagic response, BMPR2 (bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2) defects, and subsequent apoptosis-resistant proliferation in human pulmonary artery (vascular) smooth muscle cells in an HMGB1-dependent manner. These effects were confirmed in ECs and smooth muscle cells isolated from pulmonary arteries of patients with idiopathic PH. HIMF/HMGB1/RAGE-mediated autophagy and BMPR2 impairment were also observed in pulmonary artery (vascular) smooth muscle cells of hypoxic mice, effects perhaps related to FoxO1 (forkhead box O1) dampening by HIMF. Experiments in EC-specific hResistin-overexpressing transgenic mice confirmed that EC-derived HMGB1 mediated the hResistin-driven pulmonary vascular remodeling and PH. CONCLUSIONS In HIMF-induced PH, HMGB1-RAGE signaling is pivotal for mediating EC-smooth muscle cell crosstalk. The humanized mouse data further support clinical implications for the HIMF/HMGB1 signaling axis and indicate that hResistin and its downstream pathway may constitute targets for the development of novel anti-PH therapeutics in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lin
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (Q.L., C.F., J.G.-A., K.V.R., L.W.M., J.T.S., X.F., A.A.M., K.Y.-K., R.A.J.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Chunling Fan
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (Q.L., C.F., J.G.-A., K.V.R., L.W.M., J.T.S., X.F., A.A.M., K.Y.-K., R.A.J.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jose Gomez-Arroyo
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (Q.L., C.F., J.G.-A., K.V.R., L.W.M., J.T.S., X.F., A.A.M., K.Y.-K., R.A.J.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Katrien Van Raemdonck
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (Q.L., C.F., J.G.-A., K.V.R., L.W.M., J.T.S., X.F., A.A.M., K.Y.-K., R.A.J.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Lucas W Meuchel
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (Q.L., C.F., J.G.-A., K.V.R., L.W.M., J.T.S., X.F., A.A.M., K.Y.-K., R.A.J.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - John T Skinner
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (Q.L., C.F., J.G.-A., K.V.R., L.W.M., J.T.S., X.F., A.A.M., K.Y.-K., R.A.J.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Allen D Everett
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics (A.D.E.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Xia Fang
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (Q.L., C.F., J.G.-A., K.V.R., L.W.M., J.T.S., X.F., A.A.M., K.Y.-K., R.A.J.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Andrew A Macdonald
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (Q.L., C.F., J.G.-A., K.V.R., L.W.M., J.T.S., X.F., A.A.M., K.Y.-K., R.A.J.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Kazuyo Yamaji-Kegan
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (Q.L., C.F., J.G.-A., K.V.R., L.W.M., J.T.S., X.F., A.A.M., K.Y.-K., R.A.J.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Roger A Johns
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (Q.L., C.F., J.G.-A., K.V.R., L.W.M., J.T.S., X.F., A.A.M., K.Y.-K., R.A.J.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Cuevas E, Rosas-Hernandez H, Burks SM, Ramirez-Lee MA, Guzman A, Imam SZ, Ali SF, Sarkar S. Amyloid Beta 25-35 induces blood-brain barrier disruption in vitro. Metab Brain Dis 2019; 34:1365-1374. [PMID: 31267346 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00447-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) is transported across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) by binding with the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). Previously, we demonstrated that the Aβ fraction 25-35 (Aβ25-35) increases RAGE expression in the rat hippocampus, likely contributing to its neurotoxic effects. However, it is still debated if the interaction of Aβ with RAGE compromises the BBB function in Alzheimer' disease (AD). Here, we evaluated the effects of Aβ25-35 in an established in vitro model of the BBB. Rat brain microvascular endothelial cells (rBMVECs) were treated with 20 μM active Aβ25-35 or the inactive Aβ35-25 (control), for 24 h. Exposure to Aβ25-35 significantly decreased cell viability, increased cellular necrosis, and increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which triggered a decrease in the enzyme glutathione peroxidase when compared to the control condition. Aβ25-35 also increased BBB permeability by altering the expression of tight junction proteins (decreasing zonula occludens-1 and increasing occludin). Aβ25-35 induced monolayer disruption and cellular disarrangement of the BBB, with RAGE being highly expressed in the zones of disarrangement. Together, these data suggest that Aβ25-35-induces toxicity by compromising the functionality and integrity of the BBB in vitro. Graphical abstract Aβ25-35 induces BBB dysfunction in vitro, wich is likely mediated by OS and ultimately leads to disruption of BBB integrity and cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvis Cuevas
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA.
| | - Hector Rosas-Hernandez
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Susan M Burks
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Manuel A Ramirez-Lee
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Aida Guzman
- Escuela Nacional Preparatoria-UNAM, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Syed Z Imam
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Syed F Ali
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Sumit Sarkar
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
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Bartling B, Zunkel K, Al-Robaiy S, Dehghani F, Simm A. Gene doubling increases glyoxalase 1 expression in RAGE knockout mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019; 1864:129438. [PMID: 31526867 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2019.129438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) is a multifunctional protein. Its function as pattern recognition receptor able to interact with various extracellular ligands is well described. Genetically modified mouse models, especially the RAGE knockout (RAGE-KO) mouse, identified the amplification of the immune response as an important function of RAGE. Pro-inflammatory ligands of RAGE are also methylglyoxal-derived advanced glycation end-products, which depend in their quantity, at least in part, on the activity of the methylglyoxal-detoxifying enzyme glyoxalase-1 (Glo1). Therefore, we studied the potential interaction of RAGE and Glo1 by use of RAGE-KO mice. METHODS Various tissues (lung, liver, kidney, heart, spleen, and brain) and blood cells from RAGE-KO and wildtype mice were analyzed for Glo1 expression and activity by biochemical assays and the Glo1 gene status by PCR techniques. RESULTS We identified an about two-fold up-regulation of Glo1 expression and activity in all tissues of RAGE-KO mice. This was result of a copy number variation of the Glo1 gene on mouse chromosome 17. In liver tissue and blood cells, the Glo1 expression and activity was additionally influenced by sex with higher values for male than female animals. As the genomic region containing Glo1 also contains the full-length sequence of another gene, namely Dnahc8, both genes were duplicated in RAGE-KO mice. CONCLUSION A genetic variance in RAGE-KO mice falsely suggests an interaction of RAGE and Glo1 function. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE RAGE-independent up-regulation of Glo1 in RAGE-KO mice might be as another explanation for, at least some, effects attributed to RAGE before.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babett Bartling
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Middle German Heart Center, University Hospital Halle (Saale), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Katja Zunkel
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Middle German Heart Center, University Hospital Halle (Saale), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Samiya Al-Robaiy
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Middle German Heart Center, University Hospital Halle (Saale), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Faramarz Dehghani
- Institute of Anatomy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Andreas Simm
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Middle German Heart Center, University Hospital Halle (Saale), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Ding YS, Malik N, Mendoza S, Tuchman D, Del Pozo CH, Diez RL, Schmidt AM. PET imaging study of brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity in mice devoid of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). J Biosci 2019; 44:93. [PMID: 31502571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is responsible for adaptive thermogenesis. We previously showed that genetic deficiency of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) prevented the effects of high-fat diet (HFD). This study was to compare BAT activity in RAGE knock out (Ager-/-, RKO) and wild-type (WT) mice after treated with HFD or LFD. [18F]FDG PET-CT imaging under identical cold-stimulated conditions and mean standard uptake values (SUVmean), ratio of SUViBAT/SUVmuscle (SUVR, muscle as the reference region) and percentage ID/g were used for BAT quantification. The results showed that [18F]FDG uptake (e.g., SUVR) in WT-HFD mice was significantly reduced (three-fold) as compared to that in WT-LFD (1.40 +/- 0.07 and 4.03 +/- 0.38; P = 0.004). In contrast, BAT activity in RKO mice was not significantly affected by HFD, with SUVRRKO-LFD: 2.14 +/- 0.10 and SUVRRKO-LFD: 1.52 +/- 0.13 (P = 0.3). The uptake in WT-LFD was almost double of that in RKO-LFD (P = 0.004); however, there was no significant difference between RKO-HFD and WT-HFD mice (P = 0.3). These results, corroborating our previous findings on the measurement of mRNA transcripts for UCP1 in the BAT, suggest that RAGE may contribute to altered energy expenditure and provide a protective effect against HFD by Ager deletion (Ager -/-).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shin Ding
- Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA
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PET imaging study of brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity in mice devoid of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). J Biosci 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-019-9900-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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224
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Chen R, Zhu S, Zeng L, Wang Q, Sheng Y, Zhou B, Tang D, Kang R. AGER-Mediated Lipid Peroxidation Drives Caspase-11 Inflammasome Activation in Sepsis. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1904. [PMID: 31440260 PMCID: PMC6694796 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammasome activation can trigger an inflammatory and innate immune response through the release of cytokines and induction of pyroptosis. A dysfunctional inflammasome has been implicated in the development of human pathologies, including sepsis and septic shock. Here, we show that advanced glycosylation end-product specific receptor (AGER/RAGE) is required for caspase-11 inflammasome activation in macrophages. A nuclear damage-associated molecular pattern (nDAMP) complex, including high-mobility group box 1, histone, and DNA, can promote caspase-11-mediated gasdermin D cleavage, interleukin 1β proteolytic maturation, and lactate dehydrogenase release. The inhibition of AGER-mediated lipid peroxidation via arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5) limits caspase-11 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis in macrophages in response to nDAMPs or cytosolic lipopolysaccharide. Importantly, the pharmacologic inhibition of the AGER-ALOX5 pathway or global depletion (Ager-/-) or conditional depletion of AGER in myeloid cells (AgerMye-/-) protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced septic death in poly(I:C)-primed mice. These data identify a molecular basis for caspase-11 inflammasome activation and provide a potential strategy to treat sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruochan Chen
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases and State Key Lab of Viral Hepatitis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shan Zhu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ling Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Research Institute for Traffic Medicine of People's Liberation Army, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingde Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Yi Sheng
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Borong Zhou
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
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225
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Liu X, Hou D, Lin F, Luo J, Xie J, Wang Y, Tian Y. The role of neurovascular unit damage in the occurrence and development of Alzheimer’s disease. Rev Neurosci 2019; 30:477-484. [DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2018-0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with progressive cognitive impairment. It is the most common type of senile dementia, accounting for 65%–70% of senile dementia [Alzheimer’s Association (2016). 2016 Alzheimer’s disease facts and figures. Alzheimers Dement. 12, 459–509]. At present, the pathogenesis of AD is still unclear. It is considered that β-amyloid deposition, abnormal phosphorylation of tau protein, and neurofibrillary tangles are the basic pathological changes of AD. However, the role of neurovascular unit damage in the pathogenesis of AD has been attracting more and more attention in recent years. The composition of neurovascular unit and the role of neurovascular unit damage in the occurrence and development of AD were reviewed in this paper.
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226
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Tsubokawa D, Lee JM, Hatta T, Mikami F, Maruyama H, Arakawa T, Kusakabe T, Tsuji N. Characterization of the RAGE-binding protein, Strongyloides venestatin, produced by the silkworm-baculovirus expression system. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2019; 75:103964. [PMID: 31302241 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.103964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) recognizes Ca++-binding proteins, such as members of the S100 protein family released by dead or devitalized tissues, and plays an important role in inflammatory responses. We recently identified the Ca++-binding protein, venestatin, secreted from the rodent parasitic nematode, Strongyloides venezuelensis. We herein characterized recombinant venestatin, which is abundantly produced by the silkworm-baculovirus expression system (silkworm-BES), particularly in its interaction with RAGE. Venestatin from silkworm-BES possessed a binding capacity with Ca++ ions and vaccine immunogenicity against S. venezuelensis larvae in mice, which is similar to venestatin produced by the E. coli expression system (EES). Venestatin from silkworm-BES had a higher affinity for human recombinant RAGE than that from EES, and their affinities were Ca++-dependent. RAGE in the mouse lung co-immunoprecipitated with venestatin from silkworm-BES administered intranasally, indicating that it bound endogenous mouse RAGE. The present results suggest that venestatin from silkworm-BES affects RAGE-mediated pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daigo Tsubokawa
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan; Department of Molecular and Cellular Parasitology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan.
| | - Jae Man Lee
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hatta
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan; Department of Molecular and Cellular Parasitology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Fusako Mikami
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Maruyama
- Division of Parasitology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara Kiyotake, Miyazaki 899-1692, Japan
| | - Takeshi Arakawa
- Laboratory of Vaccinology and Vaccine Immunology, Center of Molecular Biosciences, University of the Ryukyu, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kusakabe
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Naotoshi Tsuji
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan; Department of Molecular and Cellular Parasitology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
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227
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Šimić G, Španić E, Langer Horvat L, Hof PR. Blood-brain barrier and innate immunity in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2019; 168:99-145. [PMID: 31699331 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is only partly understood. This is the probable reason why significant efforts to treat or prevent AD have been unsuccessful. In fact, as of April 2019, there have been 2094 studies registered for AD on the clinicaltrials.gov U.S. National Library of Science web page, of which only a few are still ongoing. In AD, abnormal accumulation of amyloid and tau proteins in the brain are thought to begin 10-20 years before the onset of overt symptoms, suggesting that interventions designed to prevent pathological amyloid and tau accumulation may be more effective than attempting to reverse a pathology once it is established. However, to be successful, such early interventions need to be selectively administered to individuals who will likely develop the disease long before the symptoms occur. Therefore, it is critical to identify early biomarkers that are strongly predictive of AD. Currently, patients are diagnosed on the basis of a variety of clinical scales, neuropsychological tests, imaging and laboratory modalities, but definitive diagnosis can be made only by postmortem assessment of underlying neuropathology. People suffering from AD thus may be misdiagnosed clinically with other primary causes of dementia, and vice versa, thereby also reducing the power of clinical trials. The amyloid cascade hypothesis fits well for the familial cases of AD with known mutations, but is not sufficient to explain sporadic, late-onset AD (LOAD) that accounts for over 95% of all cases. Since the earliest descriptions of AD there have been neuropathological features described other than amyloid plaques (AP) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), most notably gliosis and neuroinflammation. However, it is only recently that genetic and experimental studies have implicated microglial dysfunction as a causal factor for AD, as opposed to a merely biological response of its accumulation around AP. Additionally, many studies have suggested the importance of changes in blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability in the pathogenesis of AD. Here we suggest how these less investigated aspects of the disease that have gained increased attention in recent years may contribute mechanistically to the development of lesions and symptoms of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goran Šimić
- Department of Neuroscience, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Ena Španić
- Department of Neuroscience, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lea Langer Horvat
- Department of Neuroscience, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Patrick R Hof
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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228
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Huang J, Xiong T, Zhang Z, Tan Y, Guo L. Inhibition of the receptor for advanced glycation inhibits lipopolysaccharide-mediated High mobility group protein B1 and Interleukin-6 synthesis in human gingival fibroblasts through the NF-κB signaling pathway. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 105:81-87. [PMID: 31288145 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We investigated the effect of a specific inhibitor of the receptor for advanced glycation (FPS-ZM1) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced increase in expressions of high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). Furthermore, we explored the potential molecular mechanisms and assessed the involvement of the NF-κB pathway in mediating the changes in the expressions of HMGB1 and IL-6 expression in response to LPS and FPS-ZM1. METHODS HGFs were cultured with enzymatic digestion-tissue explants method. The proliferation of LPS-stimulated HGFs pretreated with FPS-ZM1 at 24, 48, and 72 h was determined by cell counting kit 8 assay. The expressions of HMGB1 and IL-6 were measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Western blot analysis was used to assess the expressions of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and NF-κB. RESULTS LPS enhanced the protein expression of RAGE in HGFs. At the same time, LPS stimulated mRNA and protein expressions of HMGB1 and IL-6 in HGFs. However, pretreatment with FPS-ZM1 attenuated these effects. Pretreatment with FPS-ZM1 (250, 500 nM) significantly inhibited the LPS-induced NF-κB activity. CONCLUSION FPS-ZM1 down-regulated the LPS-induced HMGB1 and IL-6 expression in HGFs through blocking NF-κB activation. FPS-ZM1 is a promising therapeutic agent for inflammatory diseases caused by oral bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Huang
- Department of prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, LuZhou, SiChuan, China.
| | - Ting Xiong
- Department of prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, LuZhou, SiChuan, China.
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- Department of prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, LuZhou, SiChuan, China.
| | - Yujie Tan
- Department of prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, LuZhou, SiChuan, China.
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, LuZhou, SiChuan, China.
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229
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Cai Z, Qiao PF, Wan CQ, Cai M, Zhou NK, Li Q. Role of Blood-Brain Barrier in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 63:1223-1234. [PMID: 29782323 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). BBB is a highly selective semipermeable structural and chemical barrier which ensures a stable internal environment of the brain and prevents foreign objects invading the brain tissue. BBB dysfunction induces the failure of Aβ transport from brain to the peripheral circulation across the BBB. Especially, decreased levels of LRP-1 (low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1) and increased levels of RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation endproducts) at the BBB can cause the failure of Aβ transport. The pathogenesis of AD is related to the BBB structural components, including pericytes, astrocytes, vascular endothelial cells, and tight junctions. BBB dysfunction will trigger neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, then enhance the activity of β-secretase and γ-secretase, and finally promote Aβ generation. A progressive accumulation of Aβ in brain and BBB dysfunction may become a feedback loop that gives rise to cognitive impairment and the onset of dementia. The correlation between BBB dysfunction and tau pathology has been well-reported. Therefore, regulating BBB function may be a new therapeutic target for treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyou Cai
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Pei-Feng Qiao
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Cheng-Qun Wan
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Cai
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Nan-Kai Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, Chongqing, China
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230
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Kuo YC, Rajesh R. Challenges in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease: recent progress and treatment strategies of pharmaceuticals targeting notable pathological factors. Expert Rev Neurother 2019; 19:623-652. [DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2019.1621750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Chih Kuo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Rajendiran Rajesh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, Taiwan, Republic of China
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231
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Saito S, Yamamoto Y, Ihara M. Development of a Multicomponent Intervention to Prevent Alzheimer's Disease. Front Neurol 2019; 10:490. [PMID: 31139139 PMCID: PMC6518668 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in vascular risk management have successfully reduced the prevalence of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) in several epidemiologic investigations. It is now widely accepted that cerebrovascular disease is both directly and indirectly involved in AD pathogenesis. Herein, we review the non-pharmacological and pharmacological therapeutic approaches for AD treatment. MIND [Mediterranean and DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay] diet is an important dietary treatment for prevention of AD. Multi domain intervention including diet, exercise, cognitive training, and intensive risk managements also prevented cognitive decline in the Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER) study. To confirm these favorable effects of life-style intervention, replica studies are being planned worldwide. Promotion of β-amyloid (Aβ) clearance has emerged as a promising pharmacological approach because insufficient removal of Aβ is more important than excessive Aβ production in the pathogenesis of the majority of AD patients. Most AD brains exhibit accompanying cerebral amyloid angiopathy, and Aβ distribution in cerebral amyloid angiopathy closely corresponds with the intramural periarterial drainage (IPAD) route, emphasizing the importance of Aβ clearance. In view of these facts, promotion of the major vascular-mediated Aβ elimination systems, including capillary transcytosis, the glymphatic system, and IPAD, have emerged as new treatment strategies in AD. In particular, the beneficial effects of cilostazol were shown in several clinical observation studies, and cilostazol facilitated IPAD in a rodent AD model. The COMCID (Cilostazol for prevention of Conversion from MCI to Dementia) trial, evaluating the efficacy of cilostazol for patients with mild cognitive impairment is currently ongoing in Japan. Such therapeutic approaches involving maintenance of cerebrovascular integrity and promotion of vascular-mediated Aβ clearance have the potential to be mainstream treatments for sporadic AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Saito
- Department of Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan.,Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Yumi Yamamoto
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Masafumi Ihara
- Department of Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
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232
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Liu T, Barrett NA, Kanaoka Y, Buchheit K, Laidlaw TM, Garofalo D, Lai J, Katz HR, Feng C, Boyce JA. Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 2 drives lung immunopathology through a platelet and high mobility box 1-dependent mechanism. Mucosal Immunol 2019; 12:679-690. [PMID: 30664709 PMCID: PMC6462243 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-019-0134-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs) facilitate eosinophilic mucosal type 2 immunopathology, especially in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), by incompletely understood mechanisms. We now demonstrate that platelets, activated through the type 2 cysLT receptor (CysLT2R), cause IL-33-dependent immunopathology through a rapidly inducible mechanism requiring the actions of high mobility box 1 (HMGB1) and the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). Leukotriene C4 (LTC4) induces surface HMGB1 expression by mouse platelets in a CysLT2R-dependent manner. Blockade of RAGE and neutralization of HMGB1 prevent LTC4-induced platelet activation. Challenges of AERD-like Ptges-/- mice with inhaled lysine aspirin (Lys-ASA) elicit LTC4 synthesis and cause rapid intrapulmonary recruitment of platelets with adherent granulocytes, along with platelet- and CysLT2R-mediated increases in lung IL-33, IL-5, IL-13, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid HMGB1. The intrapulmonary administration of exogenous LTC4 mimics these effects. Platelet depletion, HMGB1 neutralization, and pharmacologic blockade of RAGE eliminate all manifestations of Lys-ASA challenges, including increase in IL-33, mast cell activation, and changes in airway resistance. Thus, CysLT2R signaling on platelets prominently utilizes RAGE/HMGB1 as a link to downstream type 2 respiratory immunopathology and IL-33-dependent mast cell activation typical of AERD. Antagonists of HMGB1 or RAGE may be useful to treat AERD and other disorders associated with type 2 immunopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Boston, MA,Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Boston, MA
| | - Nora A. Barrett
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA,Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Boston, MA,Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Boston, MA
| | - Yoshihide Kanaoka
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA,Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Boston, MA,Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Boston, MA
| | - Kathleen Buchheit
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA,Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Boston, MA,Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Boston, MA
| | - Tanya M. Laidlaw
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA,Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Boston, MA,Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Boston, MA
| | - Denise Garofalo
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Boston, MA,Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Boston, MA
| | - Juying Lai
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Boston, MA,Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Boston, MA
| | - Howard R. Katz
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA,Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Boston, MA,Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Boston, MA
| | - Chunli Feng
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Boston, MA,Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Boston, MA
| | - Joshua A. Boyce
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA,Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Boston, MA,Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Disease Research, Boston, MA
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233
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Teissier T, Boulanger É. The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) is an important pattern recognition receptor (PRR) for inflammaging. Biogerontology 2019; 20:279-301. [PMID: 30968282 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-019-09808-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) was initially characterized and named for its ability to bind to advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) that form upon the irreversible and non-enzymatic interaction between nucleophiles, such as lysine, and carbonyl compounds, such as reducing sugars. The concentrations of AGEs are known to increase in conditions such as diabetes, as well as during ageing. However, it is now widely accepted that RAGE binds with numerous ligands, many of which can be defined as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). The interaction between RAGE and its ligands mainly results in a pro-inflammatory response, and can lead to stress events often favouring mitochondrial dysfunction or cellular senescence. Thus, RAGE should be considered as a pattern recognition receptor (PRR), similar to those that regulate innate immunity. Innate immunity itself plays a central role in inflammaging, the chronic low-grade and sterile inflammation that increases with age and is a potentially important contributory factor in ageing. Consequently, and in addition to the age-related accumulation of PAMPs and DAMPs and increases in pro-inflammatory cytokines from senescent cells and damaged cells, PRRs are therefore important in inflammaging. We suggest here that, through its interconnection with immunity, senescence, mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammasome activation, RAGE is a key contributor to inflammaging and that the pro-longevity effects seen upon blocking RAGE, or upon its deletion, are thus the result of reduced inflammaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Teissier
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U995 - LIRIC - Lille Inflammation Research International Center, 59000, Lille, France.
| | - Éric Boulanger
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U995 - LIRIC - Lille Inflammation Research International Center, 59000, Lille, France.,Department of Geriatrics and Ageing Biology, School of Medicine, Lille University, Lille, France.,Department of Geriatrics, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
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234
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The RAGE signaling pathway is involved in intestinal inflammation and represents a promising therapeutic target for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Mucosal Immunol 2019; 12:468-478. [PMID: 30542111 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-018-0119-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) are chronic inflammatory conditions of the intestinal tract. IBD are believed to result from an inappropriate immune response against the intestinal flora in genetically predisposed patients. The precise etiology of these diseases is not fully understood, therefore treatments rely on the dampening of symptoms, essentially inflammation, rather than on the cure of the disease. Despite the availability of biologics, such as anti-TNF antibodies, some patients remain in therapeutic failure and new treatments are thus needed. The multiligand receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) is a pattern recognition receptor implicated in inflammatory reactions and immune system activation. Here, we investigated the role of RAGE in intestinal inflammation and its potential as a therapeutic target in IBD. We showed that RAGE was upregulated in inflamed tissues from IBD patients compared to controls. Rage-/- mice were less susceptible to intestinal and colonic inflammation development than WT mice. WT mice treated with the RAGE-specific inhibitor FPS-ZM1 experienced less severe enteritis and colitis. We demonstrated that RAGE could induce intestinal inflammation by promoting oxidative stress and endothelial activation which were diminished by FPS-ZM1 treatment. Our results revealed the RAGE signaling pathway as a promising therapeutic target for IBD patients.
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235
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Tamada K, Nakajima S, Ogawa N, Inada M, Shibasaki H, Sato A, Takasawa R, Yoshimori A, Suzuki Y, Watanabe N, Oyama T, Abe H, Inoue S, Abe T, Yokomizo T, Tanuma S. Papaverine identified as an inhibitor of high mobility group box 1/receptor for advanced glycation end-products interaction suppresses high mobility group box 1-mediated inflammatory responses. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 511:665-670. [PMID: 30826057 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.01.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), which is secreted from immune and dying cells during cellular infection and injury, and receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) appears to be critical for acute and chronic inflammatory disorders. Here we designed a unique cyclic β-hairpin peptide (Pepb2), which mimics the predicted RAGE-binding domain of HMGB1. Pepb2 competitively inhibited HMGB1/RAGE interaction. We then identified papaverine as a Pepb2 mimetic by in silico 3D-structural similarity screening from the DrugBank library. Papaverine was found to directly inhibit HMGB1/RAGE interaction. It also suppressed the HMGB1-mediated production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-6 and TNF-α, in mouse macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells and bone marrow-derived macrophages. In addition, papaverine attenuated mortality in cecal ligation puncture-induced sepsis model mice. Taken together, these findings indicate that papaverine could become a useful therapeutic against HMGB1/RAGE-mediated sepsis and other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenya Tamada
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan; Department of Medical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Shingo Nakajima
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Natsumi Ogawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Mana Inada
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shibasaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Akira Sato
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Ryoko Takasawa
- Department of Medical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yoshimori
- Institute for Theoretical Medicine, Inc., 2-26-1 Muraokahigashi, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-0012, Japan
| | - Yusuke Suzuki
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan; Department of the Education and the Research Support Center, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
| | - Nobuo Watanabe
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
| | - Takahiro Oyama
- Hinoki Shinyaku Co., Ltd., 9-6 Nibancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0084, Japan
| | - Hideaki Abe
- Hinoki Shinyaku Co., Ltd., 9-6 Nibancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0084, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Inoue
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
| | - Takehiko Abe
- Hinoki Shinyaku Co., Ltd., 9-6 Nibancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0084, Japan
| | - Takehiko Yokomizo
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - S Tanuma
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan; Department of Genomic Medicinal Science, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Organization for Research Advancement, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.
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236
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Yamamoto Y, Liang M, Munesue S, Deguchi K, Harashima A, Furuhara K, Yuhi T, Zhong J, Akther S, Goto H, Eguchi Y, Kitao Y, Hori O, Shiraishi Y, Ozaki N, Shimizu Y, Kamide T, Yoshikawa A, Hayashi Y, Nakada M, Lopatina O, Gerasimenko M, Komleva Y, Malinovskaya N, Salmina AB, Asano M, Nishimori K, Shoelson SE, Yamamoto H, Higashida H. Vascular RAGE transports oxytocin into the brain to elicit its maternal bonding behaviour in mice. Commun Biol 2019; 2:76. [PMID: 30820471 PMCID: PMC6389896 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0325-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin sets the stage for childbirth by initiating uterine contractions, lactation and maternal bonding behaviours. Mice lacking secreted oxcytocin (Oxt−/−, Cd38−/−) or its receptor (Oxtr−/−) fail to nurture. Normal maternal behaviour is restored by peripheral oxcytocin replacement in Oxt−/− and Cd38−/−, but not Oxtr−/− mice, implying that circulating oxcytocin crosses the blood-brain barrier. Exogenous oxcytocin also has behavioural effects in humans. However, circulating polypeptides are typically excluded from the brain. We show that oxcytocin is transported into the brain by receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) on brain capillary endothelial cells. The increases in oxcytocin in the brain which follow exogenous administration are lost in Ager−/− male mice lacking RAGE, and behaviours characteristic to abnormalities in oxcytocin signalling are recapitulated in Ager−/− mice, including deficits in maternal bonding and hyperactivity. Our findings show that RAGE-mediated transport is critical to the behavioural actions of oxcytocin associated with parenting and social bonding. Yasuhiko Yamamoto et al. show that oxytocin is transported into the brain by the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) on the blood-brain barrier. This study explains how circulating oxytocin crosses the blood-brain barrier, which is important to manifest oxytocin’s maternal bonding effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiko Yamamoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan.
| | - Mingkun Liang
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition and Memory, Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Seiichi Munesue
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Kisaburo Deguchi
- Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University and Medical Care Proteomics Biotechnology Co., Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Ai Harashima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Kazumi Furuhara
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition and Memory, Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Teruko Yuhi
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition and Memory, Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Jing Zhong
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition and Memory, Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Shirin Akther
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition and Memory, Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Hisanori Goto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Yuya Eguchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Yasuko Kitao
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Osamu Hori
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Yoshitake Shiraishi
- Department of Functional Anatomy, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Ozaki
- Department of Functional Anatomy, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Yu Shimizu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Tomoya Kamide
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Akifumi Yoshikawa
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Hayashi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Nakada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Olga Lopatina
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition and Memory, Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan.,Laboratory for Social Brain Studies, Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, and Department of Biochemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia, 660022
| | - Maria Gerasimenko
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition and Memory, Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Yulia Komleva
- Laboratory for Social Brain Studies, Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, and Department of Biochemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia, 660022
| | - Natalia Malinovskaya
- Laboratory for Social Brain Studies, Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, and Department of Biochemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia, 660022
| | - Alla B Salmina
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition and Memory, Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan.,Laboratory for Social Brain Studies, Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, and Department of Biochemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia, 660022
| | - Masahide Asano
- Division of Transgenic Animal Science, Kanazawa University Advanced Science Research Centre, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Nishimori
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 981-8555, Japan
| | - Steven E Shoelson
- Joslin Diabetes Centre & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Hiroshi Yamamoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan.,Komatsu University, Komatsu, 923-0921, Japan
| | - Haruhiro Higashida
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition and Memory, Research Centre for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan. .,Laboratory for Social Brain Studies, Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, and Department of Biochemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia, 660022.
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237
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Fu WY, Wang X, Ip NY. Targeting Neuroinflammation as a Therapeutic Strategy for Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanisms, Drug Candidates, and New Opportunities. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:872-879. [PMID: 30221933 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, and its incidence is expected to increase owing to the aging population worldwide. Current therapies merely provide symptomatic relief. Therefore, interventions for AD that delay the disease onset or progression are urgently required. Recent genomics and functional studies suggest that immune/inflammatory pathways are involved in the pathogenesis of AD. Although many anti-inflammatory drug candidates have undergone clinical trials, most have failed. This might be because of our limited understanding of the pathological mechanisms of neuroinflammation in AD. However, recent advances in the understanding of immune/inflammatory pathways in AD and their regulatory mechanisms could open up new avenues for drug development targeting neuroinflammation. In this Review, we discuss the mechanisms and status of different anti-inflammatory drug candidates for AD that have undergone or are undergoing clinical trials and explore new opportunities for targeting neuroinflammation in AD drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nancy Y. Ip
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug Development, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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238
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and several of its ligands have been implicated in the onset and progression of pathologies associated with aging, chronic inflammation, and cellular stress. In particular, the role of RAGE and its ligands in bone tissue during both physiological and pathological conditions has been investigated. However, the extent to which RAGE signaling regulates bone homeostasis and disease onset remains unclear. Further, RAGE effects in the different bone cells and whether these effects are cell-type specific is unknown. The objective of the current review is to describe the literature over RAGE signaling in skeletal biology as well as discuss the clinical potential of RAGE as a diagnostic and/or therapeutic target in bone disease. RECENT FINDINGS The role of RAGE and its ligands during skeletal homeostasis, tissue repair, and disease onset/progression is beginning to be uncovered. For example, detrimental effects of the RAGE ligands, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), have been identified for osteoblast viability/activity, while others have observed that low level AGE exposure stimulates osteoblast autophagy, which subsequently promotes viability and function. Similar findings have been reported with HMGB1, another RAGE ligand, in which high levels of the ligand are associated with osteoblast/osteocyte apoptosis, whereas low level/short-term administration stimulates osteoblast differentiation/bone formation and promotes fracture healing. Additionally, elevated levels of several RAGE ligands (AGEs, HMGB1, S100 proteins) induce osteoblast/osteocyte apoptosis and stimulate cytokine production, which is associated with increased osteoclast differentiation/activity. Conversely, direct RAGE-ligand exposure in osteoclasts may have inhibitory effects. These observations support a conclusion that elevated bone resorption observed in conditions of high circulating ligands and RAGE expression are due to actions on osteoblasts/osteocytes rather than direct actions on osteoclasts, although additional work is required to substantiate the observations. Recent studies have demonstrated that RAGE and its ligands play an important physiological role in the regulation of skeletal development, homeostasis, and repair/regeneration. Conversely, elevated levels of RAGE and its ligands are clearly related with various diseases associated with increased bone loss and fragility. However, despite the recent advancements in the field, many questions regarding RAGE and its ligands in skeletal biology remain unanswered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian I Plotkin
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Dr., MS 5023, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Alyson L Essex
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Dr., MS 5023, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Hannah M Davis
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Dr., MS 5023, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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239
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Sanders KA, Delker DA, Huecksteadt T, Beck E, Wuren T, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Hazel MW, Hoidal JR. RAGE is a Critical Mediator of Pulmonary Oxidative Stress, Alveolar Macrophage Activation and Emphysema in Response to Cigarette Smoke. Sci Rep 2019; 9:231. [PMID: 30659203 PMCID: PMC6338799 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36163-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), a cell membrane receptor, recognizes ligands produced by cigarette smoke (CS) and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of COPD. We demonstrate that deletion or pharmacologic inhibition of RAGE prevents development of CS-induced emphysema. To identify molecular pathways by which RAGE mediates smoking related lung injury we performed unbiased gene expression profiling of alveolar macrophages (AM) obtained from RAGE null and C57BL/6 WT mice exposed to CS for one week or four months. Pathway analysis of RNA expression identified a number of genes integral to the pathogenesis of COPD impacted by the absence of RAGE. Altered expression of antioxidant response genes and lung protein 4-HNE immunostaining suggest attenuated oxidative stress in the RAGE null mice despite comparable CS exposure and lung leukocyte burden as the WT mice. Reduced endoplasmic reticulum stress in response to CS exposure also was observed in the AM from RAGE null mice. These findings provide novel insight into the sources of oxidative stress, macrophage activation, and the pathogenesis of lung disease due to CS exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl A Sanders
- Division of Respiratory, Critical Care, and Occupational Pulmonary Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Don A Delker
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Tom Huecksteadt
- George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Emily Beck
- Division of Respiratory, Critical Care, and Occupational Pulmonary Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Tanna Wuren
- George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Yuntian Chen
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxia Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Mark W Hazel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - John R Hoidal
- Division of Respiratory, Critical Care, and Occupational Pulmonary Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
- George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
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240
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Volpina OM, Samokhin AN, Koroev DO, Nesterova IV, Volkova TD, Medvinskaya NI, Nekrasov PV, Tatarnikova OG, Kamynina AV, Balasanyants SM, Voronina TA, Kulikov AM, Bobkova NV. Synthetic Fragment of Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products Prevents Memory Loss and Protects Brain Neurons in Olfactory Bulbectomized Mice. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 61:1061-1076. [PMID: 29332040 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Activation of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) plays an essential role in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is known that the soluble isoform of the receptor binds to ligands and prevents negative effects of the receptor activation. We proposed that peptide fragments from RAGE prevent negative effects of the receptor activation during AD neurodegeneration. We have synthesized peptide fragments from surface-exposed regions of RAGE. Peptides were intranasally administrated into olfactory bulbectomized (OBX) mice, which developed some characteristics similar to AD neurodegeneration. We have found that only insertion of fragment (60-76) prevents the memory of OBX mice. Immunization of OBX mice with peptides showed that again only (60-76) peptide protected the memory of animals. Both intranasal insertion and immunization decreased the amyloid-β (Aβ) level in the brain. Activity of shortened fragments of (60-76) peptide was tested and showed only the (60-70) peptide is responsible for manifestation of activity. Intranasal administration of (60-76) peptide shows most protective effect on morpho-functional characteristics of neurons in the cortex and hippocampal areas. Using Flu-(60-76) peptide, we revealed its penetration in the brain of OBX mice as well as colocalization of Flu-labeled peptide with Aβ in the brain regions in transgenic mice. Flu-(60-76) peptide complex with trimer of Aβ was detected by SDS-PAGE. These data indicate that Aβ can be one of the molecular target of (60-70) peptide. These findings provide a new peptide molecule for design of anti-AD drug and for investigation of RAGE activation ways in progression of AD neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga M Volpina
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexandr N Samokhin
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Dmitriy O Koroev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Inna V Nesterova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Tatyana D Volkova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Pavel V Nekrasov
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Olga G Tatarnikova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Anna V Kamynina
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Samson M Balasanyants
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Alexey M Kulikov
- Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia V Bobkova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
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241
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Lazic D, Sagare AP, Nikolakopoulou AM, Griffin JH, Vassar R, Zlokovic BV. 3K3A-activated protein C blocks amyloidogenic BACE1 pathway and improves functional outcome in mice. J Exp Med 2019; 216:279-293. [PMID: 30647119 PMCID: PMC6363429 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20181035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
3K3A-activated protein C (APC), a cell-signaling analogue of endogenous blood serine protease APC, exerts vasculoprotective, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory activities in rodent models of stroke, brain injury, and neurodegenerative disorders. 3K3A-APC is currently in development as a neuroprotectant in patients with ischemic stroke. Here, we report that 3K3A-APC inhibits BACE1 amyloidogenic pathway in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We show that a 4-mo daily treatment of 3-mo-old 5XFAD mice with murine recombinant 3K3A-APC (100 µg/kg/d i.p.) prevents development of parenchymal and cerebrovascular amyloid-β (Aβ) deposits by 40-50%, which is mediated through NFκB-dependent transcriptional inhibition of BACE1, resulting in blockade of Aβ generation in neurons overexpressing human Aβ-precursor protein. Consistent with reduced Aβ deposition, 3K3A-APC normalized hippocampus-dependent behavioral deficits and cerebral blood flow responses, improved cerebrovascular integrity, and diminished neuroinflammatory responses. Our data suggest that 3K3A-APC holds potential as an effective anti-Aβ prevention therapy for early-stage AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divna Lazic
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.,Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.,Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Abhay P Sagare
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.,Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Angeliki M Nikolakopoulou
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.,Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - John H Griffin
- The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Robert Vassar
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Berislav V Zlokovic
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA .,Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
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242
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Liu L, Liu X. Contributions of Drug Transporters to Blood-Brain Barriers. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1141:407-466. [PMID: 31571171 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-7647-4_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Blood-brain interfaces comprise the cerebral microvessel endothelium forming the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the epithelium of the choroid plexuses forming the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB). Their main functions are to impede free diffusion between brain fluids and blood; to provide transport processes for essential nutrients, ions, and metabolic waste products; and to regulate the homeostasis of central nervous system (CNS), all of which are attributed to absent fenestrations, high expression of tight junction proteins at cell-cell contacts, and expression of multiple transporters, receptors, and enzymes. Existence of BBB is an important reason that systemic drug administration is not suitable for the treatment of CNS diseases. Some diseases, such epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and diabetes, alter BBB function via affecting tight junction proteins or altering expression and function of these transporters. This chapter will illustrate function of BBB, expression of transporters, as well as their alterations under disease status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
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243
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Shah BS, Burt KG, Jacobsen T, Fernandes TD, Alipui DO, Weber KT, Levine M, Chavan SS, Yang H, Tracey KJ, Chahine NO. High mobility group box-1 induces pro-inflammatory signaling in human nucleus pulposus cells via toll-like receptor 4-dependent pathway. J Orthop Res 2019; 37:220-231. [PMID: 30273982 PMCID: PMC7401857 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (DD) is associated with low back pain, the leading cause of disability worldwide. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that contribute to inflammation and trigger DD have not been well characterized. Extracellular high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) protein has been implicated as a potent DAMP and pro-inflammatory stimulus in the immune system. In this study, we show that HMGB1 and IL-6 levels increase in patients with advanced DD in comparison to early DD. This study further tested the hypothesis that HMGB1 promotes inflammatory signaling driving DD in human nucleus pulposus (NP) cells and tissue. Immunofluorescence and western blot analysis confirmed the expression of HMGB1 and its extracellular release by NP cells under cell stress. Gene expression and protein quantification indicate that HMGB1 stimulates the expression IL-6 and MMP-1 in a dose-dependent manner. The contributions of toll-like receptor (TLR) -2, -4 and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) as receptors mediating HMGB1 signaling was examined using small molecule inhibitors. Inhibition of TLR-4 signaling, with TAK-242, completely abrogated HMGB1 induced IL-6 and MMP-1 expression, whereas inhibition of TLR-2, with O-vanillin, or RAGE, with FPS-ZM1, had mild inhibitory effects. HMGB1 stimulation activated NF-ĸB signaling while TAK-242 co-treatment abrogated it. Lastly, effects of HMGB1 on matrix deposition was evaluated in a 3D culture system of human NP cells. These results implicate HMGB1 as a potent DAMP that promotes inflammation in NP cells and degradation of NP tissues. TLR4-HMGB1 axis is a potential major pathway to alleviate disc inflammation and mitigate DD. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhranti S. Shah
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Kevin G. Burt
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University, New York, New York,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Timothy Jacobsen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University, New York, New York,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Tiago D. Fernandes
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York
| | | | - Kathryn T. Weber
- Department of Surgery, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, New York
| | - Mitchell Levine
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, New York, New York
| | - Sangeeta S. Chavan
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York,Department of Molecular Medicine, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, New York
| | - Huan Yang
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York,Department of Molecular Medicine, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, New York
| | - Kevin J. Tracey
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York,Department of Molecular Medicine, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, New York
| | - Nadeen O. Chahine
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University, New York, New York,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York
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244
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Sweeney MD, Zhao Z, Montagne A, Nelson AR, Zlokovic BV. Blood-Brain Barrier: From Physiology to Disease and Back. Physiol Rev 2019; 99:21-78. [PMID: 30280653 PMCID: PMC6335099 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00050.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1170] [Impact Index Per Article: 234.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) prevents neurotoxic plasma components, blood cells, and pathogens from entering the brain. At the same time, the BBB regulates transport of molecules into and out of the central nervous system (CNS), which maintains tightly controlled chemical composition of the neuronal milieu that is required for proper neuronal functioning. In this review, we first examine molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the establishment of the BBB. Then, we focus on BBB transport physiology, endothelial and pericyte transporters, and perivascular and paravascular transport. Next, we discuss rare human monogenic neurological disorders with the primary genetic defect in BBB-associated cells demonstrating the link between BBB breakdown and neurodegeneration. Then, we review the effects of genes underlying inheritance and/or increased susceptibility for Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) on BBB in relation to other pathologies and neurological deficits. We next examine how BBB dysfunction relates to neurological deficits and other pathologies in the majority of sporadic AD, PD, and ALS cases, multiple sclerosis, other neurodegenerative disorders, and acute CNS disorders such as stroke, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, and epilepsy. Lastly, we discuss BBB-based therapeutic opportunities. We conclude with lessons learned and future directions, with emphasis on technological advances to investigate the BBB functions in the living human brain, and at the molecular and cellular level, and address key unanswered questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie D Sweeney
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California ; and Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California ; and Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California
| | - Axel Montagne
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California ; and Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California
| | - Amy R Nelson
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California ; and Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California
| | - Berislav V Zlokovic
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California ; and Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California
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245
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Drake LR, Scott PJH. Targeted nanoparticles for multimodal imaging of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:6352-6354. [PMID: 30613302 PMCID: PMC6299691 DOI: 10.7150/thno.31515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) is implicated in multiple disease states such as cancer, diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders, and RAGE inhibitors are being explored as potential new therapies in such cases. Despite the known role RAGE plays in these conditions, there remains an urgent need for a molecular imaging agent that can accurately quantify RAGE levels in vivo, aid in validation of RAGE as a biomarker and/or therapeutic target, and support development of new RAGE inhibitors. This editorial highlights a multimodal nanoparticle-based imaging agent targeted at RAGE that was recently developed by Konopka and colleagues (Theranostics 2018; 8(18):5012-5024. doi:10.7150/thno.24791).
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246
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Riuzzi F, Sorci G, Sagheddu R, Chiappalupi S, Salvadori L, Donato R. RAGE in the pathophysiology of skeletal muscle. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2018; 9:1213-1234. [PMID: 30334619 PMCID: PMC6351676 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that the signalling of the Receptor for Advanced Glycation End products (RAGE) is critical for skeletal muscle physiology controlling both the activity of muscle precursors during skeletal muscle development and the correct time of muscle regeneration after acute injury. On the other hand, the aberrant re-expression/activity of RAGE in adult skeletal muscle is a hallmark of muscle wasting that occurs in response to ageing, genetic disorders, inflammatory conditions, cancer, and metabolic alterations. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of action and the ligands of RAGE involved in myoblast differentiation, muscle regeneration, and muscle pathological conditions. We highlight potential therapeutic strategies for targeting RAGE to improve skeletal muscle function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Riuzzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.,Interuniversity Institute of Myology
| | - Guglielmo Sorci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.,Interuniversity Institute of Myology
| | - Roberta Sagheddu
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.,Interuniversity Institute of Myology
| | - Sara Chiappalupi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.,Interuniversity Institute of Myology
| | - Laura Salvadori
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.,Interuniversity Institute of Myology
| | - Rosario Donato
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.,Interuniversity Institute of Myology.,Centro Universitario di Ricerca sulla Genomica Funzionale, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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247
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To explore the most recent developments in the effective diagnosis and treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in Alzheimer's disease (AD). RECENT FINDINGS The clinical diagnosis of NPS in AD is facilitated by the use of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). CT and MRI scans can be useful for detecting structural changes indicating AD. Other promising diagnostic methodologies that are less frequently used in the clinical setting include positron emission tomography (PET) scans for detecting amyloid and blood tests for detecting serum biomarkers. Numerous pharmaceutical agents have been studied for their use in managing NPS, with antipsychotics being popular for managing agitation but also having significant side effects. Non-pharmacological interventions, such as reminiscence therapy and the Describe, Investigate, Create, Evaluate (DICE) approach may be able to provide treatment without such adverse effects. Diagnosing AD and the comorbid NPS remains primarily a clinical endeavor with CT and MRI scans sometimes used, but evidence is amassing for the use of other imaging modalities and different lab tests for convenient and empiric diagnosis of AD to distinguish it from other psychiatric illnesses. The number of pharmacologic treatments for NPS that are safe as well as efficacious remains limited, yet non-pharmacologic interventions have clear clinical utility. In addition to searching for more successful pharmacological treatments, further research should focus on novel diagnostic tests and non-pharmacologic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Wolinsky
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Karina Drake
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Jolene Bostwick
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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248
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Sanajou D, Ghorbani Haghjo A, Argani H, Roshangar L, Rashtchizadeh N, Ahmad SNS, Ashrafi-Jigheh Z, Bahrambeigi S, Asiaee F, Rashedi J, Aslani S. Reduction of renal tubular injury with a RAGE inhibitor FPS-ZM1, valsartan and their combination in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in the rat. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 842:40-48. [PMID: 30393200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. FPS-ZM1, a selective RAGE inhibitor, in combination with valsartan were investigated for their protective potentials on the renal markers of tubular injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Rats were assigned into groups of receiving FPS-ZM1 (1 mg/kg/day), valsartan (100 mg/kg/day), and FPS-ZM1 plus valsartan (1 mg/kg/day and 100 mg/kg/day, respectively) for one month. Kidney histology, renal inflammation and oxidative stress, and renal and urinary markers of tubular injury were investigated. FPS-ZM1 and valsartan in combination more significantly attenuated renal expressions of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 genes and reduced urinary levels of interleukin-6. Moreover, the combination elevated renal NAD+/NADH ratios and Sirt1 activities, and mitigated nuclear acetylated NF-κB p65 levels. In addition to alleviating indices of oxidative stress i.e. malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, the combination of FPS-ZM1 and valsartan more effectively upregulated the renal levels of master antioxidant proteins Nrf2, heme oxygenase-1, and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase-1. Additionally, this dual therapy ameliorated more efficiently the indices of renal tubular injuries as indicated by decreased renal kidney injury molecule-1 levels as well as reduced urinary levels of cystatin C, retinol binding protein, and beta-2-microglobulin. While FPS-ZM1 alone had no appreciable effects on the renal fibrosis, the combination treatment ameliorated fibrosis better than valsartan in the kidneys. Collectively, these findings underline the extra benefits of FPS-ZM1 and valsartan dual administrations in obviating the renal tubular cell injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats partly by suppressing renal inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davoud Sanajou
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Ghorbani Haghjo
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Hassan Argani
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Roshangar
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Saeed Nazari Soltan Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Ashrafi-Jigheh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saman Bahrambeigi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Farshid Asiaee
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jalil Rashedi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Somayeh Aslani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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249
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Noda Y, Kuzuya A, Tanigawa K, Araki M, Kawai R, Ma B, Sasakura Y, Maesako M, Tashiro Y, Miyamoto M, Uemura K, Okuno Y, Kinoshita A. Fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 interacts with APP and decreases amyloid β production in Alzheimer's disease. Mol Brain 2018; 11:61. [PMID: 30355327 PMCID: PMC6201590 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-018-0401-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The deposition of Amyloid-beta peptides (Aβ) is detected at an earlier stage in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology. Thus, the approach toward Aβ metabolism is considered to play a critical role in the onset and progression of AD. Mounting evidence suggests that lifestyle-related diseases are closely associated with AD, and exercise is especially linked to the prevention and the delayed progression of AD. We previously showed that exercise is more effective than diet control against Aβ pathology and cognitive deficit in AD mice fed a high-fat diet; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. On the other hand, a report suggested that exercise induced expression of fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) in the hippocampus of mice through PGC1α pathway. Thus, in the current study, we investigated a possibility that FNDC5 interacts with amyloid precursor protein (APP) and affects Aβ metabolism. As a result, for the first time ever, we found the interaction between FNDC5 and APP, and forced expression of FNDC5 significantly decreased levels of both Aβ40 and Aβ42 secreted in the media. Taken together, our results indicate that FNDC5 significantly affects β-cleavage of APP via the interaction with APP, finally regulating Aβ levels. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms by which the interaction between APP and FNDC5 may affect Aβ production in an exercise-dependent manner would provide new preventive strategies against the development of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuha Noda
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduated school of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Akira Kuzuya
- Department of Neurology, Graduated school of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kyousuke Tanigawa
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduated school of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Mitsugu Araki
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduated school of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Ryoko Kawai
- Department of Pharmaceuticals, Kyoto University, 46 Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Biao Ma
- Research and Development Group for In Silico Drug Discovery, Pro-Cluster Kobe, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (FBRI), 6-3-5, Minatojima-Minamimachi Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Yoko Sasakura
- Research and Development Group for In Silico Drug Discovery, Pro-Cluster Kobe, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (FBRI), 6-3-5, Minatojima-Minamimachi Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Masato Maesako
- Neurobiology of Alzheimer's Disease Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street Charlestown, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Yoshitaka Tashiro
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduated school of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masakazu Miyamoto
- Department of Neurology, Graduated school of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kengo Uemura
- Department of Neurology, Graduated school of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yasushi Okuno
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduated school of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Ayae Kinoshita
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduated school of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
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250
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Sweeney MD, Kisler K, Montagne A, Toga AW, Zlokovic BV. The role of brain vasculature in neurodegenerative disorders. Nat Neurosci 2018; 21:1318-1331. [PMID: 30250261 PMCID: PMC6198802 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-018-0234-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 542] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Adequate supply of blood and structural and functional integrity of blood vessels are key to normal brain functioning. On the other hand, cerebral blood flow shortfalls and blood-brain barrier dysfunction are early findings in neurodegenerative disorders in humans and animal models. Here we first examine molecular definition of cerebral blood vessels, as well as pathways regulating cerebral blood flow and blood-brain barrier integrity. Then we examine the role of cerebral blood flow and blood-brain barrier in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and multiple sclerosis. We focus on Alzheimer's disease as a platform of our analysis because more is known about neurovascular dysfunction in this disease than in other neurodegenerative disorders. Finally, we propose a hypothetical model of Alzheimer's disease biomarkers to include brain vasculature as a factor contributing to the disease onset and progression, and we suggest a common pathway linking brain vascular contributions to neurodegeneration in multiple neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie D Sweeney
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience and the Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kassandra Kisler
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience and the Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Axel Montagne
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience and the Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Arthur W Toga
- Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Berislav V Zlokovic
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience and the Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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