201
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Schepici G, Silvestro S, Bramanti P, Mazzon E. The Gut Microbiota in Multiple Sclerosis: An Overview of Clinical Trials. Cell Transplant 2019; 28:1507-1527. [PMID: 31512505 PMCID: PMC6923550 DOI: 10.1177/0963689719873890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory, demyelinating, and
degenerative disease that affects the central nervous system. A recent study
showed that interaction between the immune system and the gut microbiota plays a
crucial role in the development of MS. This review reports the clinical studies
carried out in recent years that aimed to evaluate the composition of the
microbiota in patients with relapsing–remitting MS (RR-MS). We also report what
is available in the literature regarding the effectiveness of fecal microbiota
transplantation and the role of the diet in restoring the intestinal bacterial
population. Studies report that patients with RR-MS have a microbiota that,
compared with healthy controls, has higher amounts of
Pedobacteria, Flavobacterium,
Pseudomonas, Mycoplana,
Acinetobacter, Eggerthella,
Dorea, Blautia,
Streptococcus and Akkermansia. In
contrast, MS patients have a microbiota with impoverished microbial populations
of Prevotella, Bacteroides,
Parabacteroides, Haemophilus,
Sutterella, Adlercreutzia,
Coprobacillus, Lactobacillus,
Clostridium, Anaerostipes and
Faecalibacterium. In conclusion, the restoration of the
microbial population in patients with RR-MS appears to reduce inflammatory
events and the reactivation of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Schepici
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo", Messina, Italy.,Both the authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Serena Silvestro
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo", Messina, Italy.,Both the authors contributed equally to this article
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202
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Sinha A, Maurice CF. Bacteriophages: Uncharacterized and Dynamic Regulators of the Immune System. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:3730519. [PMID: 31582898 PMCID: PMC6754933 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3730519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The human gut is an extremely active immunological site interfacing with the densest microbial community known to colonize the human body, the gut microbiota. Despite tremendous advances in our comprehension of how the gut microbiota is involved in human health and interacts with the mammalian immune system, most studies are incomplete as they typically do not consider bacteriophages. These bacterial viruses are estimated to be as numerous as their bacterial hosts, with tremendous and mostly uncharacterized genetic diversity. In addition, bacteriophages are not passive members of the gut microbiota, as highlighted by the recent evidence for their active involvement in human health. Yet, how bacteriophages interact with their bacterial hosts and the immune system in the human gut remains poorly described. Here, we aim to fill this gap by providing an overview of bacteriophage communities in the gut during human development, detailing recent findings for their bacterial-mediated effects on the immune response and summarizing the latest evidence for direct interactions between them and the immune system. The dramatic increase in antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens has spurred a renewed interest in using bacteriophages for therapy, despite the many unknowns about bacteriophages in the human body. Going forward, more studies encompassing the communities of bacteria, bacteriophages, and the immune system in diverse health and disease settings will provide invaluable insight into this dynamic trio essential for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshul Sinha
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Corinne F. Maurice
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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203
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Risk Factors for the Development of Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184347. [PMID: 31491865 PMCID: PMC6769762 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is an immune-mediated genetic skin disease. The underlying pathomechanisms involve complex interaction between the innate and adaptive immune system. T cells interact with dendritic cells, macrophages, and keratinocytes, which can be mediated by their secreted cytokines. In the past decade, biologics targeting tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-23, and IL-17 have been developed and approved for the treatment of psoriasis. These biologics have dramatically changed the treatment and management of psoriasis. In contrast, various triggering factors can elicit the disease in genetically predisposed individuals. Recent studies suggest that the exacerbation of psoriasis can lead to systemic inflammation and cardiovascular comorbidity. In addition, psoriasis may be associated with other auto-inflammatory and auto-immune diseases. In this review, we summarize the risk factors, which can be divided into two groups (namely, extrinsic and intrinsic risk factors), responsible for the onset and exacerbation of psoriasis in order to facilitate its prevention.
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204
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Abstract
Aging is a natural process of organismal decay that underpins the development of myriad diseases and disorders. Extensive efforts have been made to understand the biology of aging and its regulation, but most studies focus solely on the host organism. Considering the pivotal role of the microbiota in host health and metabolism, we propose viewing the host and its microbiota as a single biological entity whose aging phenotype is influenced by the complex interplay between host and bacterial genetics. In this review we present how the microbiota changes as the host ages, but also how the intricate relationship between host and indigenous bacteria impacts organismal aging and life span. In addition, we highlight other microbiota-dependent mechanisms that potentially regulate aging, and present experimental animal models for addressing these questions. Importantly, we propose microbiome dysbiosis as an additional hallmark and biomarker of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Bana
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London and Birkbeck, University of London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Filipe Cabreiro
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom; .,Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
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205
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Xiang Q, Zhu D, Chen QL, Delgado-Baquerizo M, Su JQ, Qiao M, Yang XR, Zhu YG. Effects of diet on gut microbiota of soil collembolans. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 676:197-205. [PMID: 31048151 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The importance of diet in regulating the gut microbiome of globally distributed and functionally important soil generalist invertebrates such as collembolans remain poorly understood. Here, we studied a model collembolan (Folsomia candida) and found that diet (bacteria, plant litters, yeast, mixed food) is a critical factor in regulating the microbial diversity and community composition of this important soil organism. Collembolans fed with litter exhibited the lowest bacterial diversity and were dominated by Ochrobactrum. Conversely, collembolans fed with mixed diets resulted in the highest bacterial diversity. Our findings further suggest that microbial communities associated with different diets are linked to different levels of collembolan fitness. For example, the relative abundance of the genera of unclassified Thermogemmatisporaceae, Brevibacillus, and Novosphingobium were positively correlated with growth of the collembolans. Together, our work provides evidence that diet is a major force controlling the gut microbiome of collembolans, and is a good environmental predictor for collembolan growth, with implications for ecosystem functioning in terrestrial environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Qing-Lin Chen
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Calle Tulipán Sin Número, Móstoles 28933, Spain
| | - Jian-Qiang Su
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Min Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiao-Ru Yang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China.
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206
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Hyoju SK, Zaborin A, Keskey R, Sharma A, Arnold W, van den Berg F, Kim SM, Gottel N, Bethel C, Charnot-Katsikas A, Jianxin P, Adriaansens C, Papazian E, Gilbert JA, Zaborina O, Alverdy JC. Mice Fed an Obesogenic Western Diet, Administered Antibiotics, and Subjected to a Sterile Surgical Procedure Develop Lethal Septicemia with Multidrug-Resistant Pathobionts. mBio 2019; 10:e00903-19. [PMID: 31363025 PMCID: PMC6667615 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00903-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite antibiotics and sterile technique, postoperative infections remain a real and present danger to patients. Recent estimates suggest that 50% of the pathogens associated with postoperative infections have become resistant to the standard antibiotics used for prophylaxis. Risk factors identified in such cases include obesity and antibiotic exposure. To study the combined effect of obesity and antibiotic exposure on postoperative infection, mice were allowed to gain weight on an obesogenic Western-type diet (WD), administered antibiotics and then subjected to an otherwise recoverable sterile surgical injury (30% hepatectomy). The feeding of a WD alone resulted in a major imbalance of the cecal microbiota characterized by a decrease in diversity, loss of Bacteroidetes, a bloom in Proteobacteria, and the emergence of antibiotic-resistant organisms among the cecal microbiota. When WD-fed mice were administered antibiotics and subjected to 30% liver resection, lethal sepsis, characterized by multiple-organ damage, developed. Notable was the emergence and systemic dissemination of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathobionts, including carbapenem-resistant, extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Serratia marcescens, which expressed a virulent and immunosuppressive phenotype. Analysis of the distribution of exact sequence variants belonging to the genus Serratia suggested that these strains originated from the cecal mucosa. No mortality or MDR pathogens were observed in identically treated mice fed a standard chow diet. Taken together, these results suggest that consumption of a Western diet and exposure to certain antibiotics may predispose to life-threating postoperative infection associated with MDR organisms present among the gut microbiota.IMPORTANCE Obesity remains a prevalent and independent risk factor for life-threatening infection following major surgery. Here, we demonstrate that when mice are fed an obesogenic Western diet (WD), they become susceptible to lethal sepsis with multiple organ damage after exposure to antibiotics and an otherwise-recoverable surgical injury. Analysis of the gut microbiota in this model demonstrates that WD alone leads to loss of Bacteroidetes, a bloom of Proteobacteria, and evidence of antibiotic resistance development even before antibiotics are administered. After antibiotics and surgery, lethal sepsis with organ damage developed in in mice fed a WD with the appearance of multidrug-resistant pathogens in the liver, spleen, and blood. The importance of these findings lies in exposing how the selective pressures of diet, antibiotic exposure, and surgical injury can converge on the microbiome, resulting in lethal sepsis and organ damage without the introduction of an exogenous pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjiv K Hyoju
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alexander Zaborin
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Robert Keskey
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Anukriti Sharma
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Wyatt Arnold
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Fons van den Berg
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sangman M Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Neil Gottel
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Cindy Bethel
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Peng Jianxin
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Guangdong Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Carleen Adriaansens
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Emily Papazian
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jack A Gilbert
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Olga Zaborina
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - John C Alverdy
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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207
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Qian L, Gao R, Huang J, Qin H. Supplementation of triple viable probiotics combined with dietary intervention is associated with gut microbial improvement in humans on a high-fat diet. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:2262-2270. [PMID: 31452713 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous animal studies have demonstrated that oral probiotics may have a beneficial role in preventing obesity, inflammatory bowel disease and even colorectal cancer, which are all associated with a high-fat diet (HFD). However, the underlying beneficial effects of combined probiotic and dietary intervention on the gut microbiota of 'non-patient' individuals previously on an HFD have yet to be fully elucidated. In the present study, fecal samples were obtained from 36 volunteers on a high-fat diet and after dietary intervention for 4 months, and 16S rDNA sequencing was applied to identify how probiotics and dietary intervention had altered the composition of the microbiota. The results demonstrated that probiotics treatment and dietary intervention in combination raised the diversity of lumen microbes compared with their individual applications. A markedly separated distribution (β-diversity) was observed, confirming the difference in gut microbiota composition among the treatment groups. Bacterial taxonomic analysis demonstrated that the relative abundance of 30 species was altered among the groups following dietary intervention and/or probiotic supplementation. The majority of the species that exhibited a population increase belonged to two butyrate-producing families, Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae, whereas the species with reduced populations mainly belonged to the Bacteroidaceae family. Collectively, these results suggest that combined probiotic and dietary intervention is able to improve the gut microbiota composition of human subjects on an HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leimin Qian
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jiangyin People's Hospital, Jiangyin, Jiangsu 214400, P.R. China
| | - Renyuan Gao
- Department of General Surgery, The Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Jianming Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jiangyin People's Hospital, Jiangyin, Jiangsu 214400, P.R. China
| | - Huanlong Qin
- Department of General Surgery, The Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
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208
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Sharma M, Chandel D, Shukla G. Antigenotoxicity and Cytotoxic Potentials of Metabiotics Extracted from Isolated Probiotic, Lactobacillus rhamnosus MD 14 on Caco-2 and HT-29 Human Colon Cancer Cells. Nutr Cancer 2019; 72:110-119. [PMID: 31266374 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1615514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics, the beneficial bacteria produce active metabolites which could probably mimic their anticancer effect and prevent the risk associated with live bacteria. Thus, the study was designed to isolate effective lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and monitor anticancerous potential of their metabiotic extracts. Probiotics were isolated from different sources and their cell free supernatants (CFS) were screened for antigenotoxic and cytotoxic potentials using SOS Chromo Test and MTT assay on Caco-2 and HT-29 cells. Organic extracts of CFS were prepared and dissolved in different solvents. The isolate with most effective metabiotic extract in terms of cytotoxicity was classified for probiotic and phylogenetic characters and the metabiotic extract was characterized physiochemically. Among 60 isolated LAB, CFS of only 10 isolates showed antigenotoxicity more than 30% and four exhibited 70-80% cytotoxicity. Further, organic extracts of these four CFS dissolved in carboxymethyl cellulose showed 80-90% cytotoxicity. Interestingly, the most effective isolate was found to possess probiotic attributes and phylogenetic characterization revealed it to be Lactobacillus rhamnosus MD 14. Physiochemical characterization of its metabiotic extract indicated the presence of heat sensitive organic acids and proteins. To conclude, metabiotics produced by isolated probiotic L. rhamnosus MD 14 exhibited both antigenotoxic and cytotoxic potential against colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mridul Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Deepika Chandel
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Geeta Shukla
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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209
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Li T, Qi M, Gatesoupe FJ, Tian D, Jin W, Li J, Lin Q, Wu S, Li H. Adaptation to Fasting in Crucian Carp (Carassius auratus): Gut Microbiota and Its Correlative Relationship with Immune Function. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2019; 78:6-19. [PMID: 30343437 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-018-1275-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Fasting influences the overall physiology of fish, and the knowledge how the gut microbiota, growth performances, and immune function in response to intermittent and long-term fasting is still insufficient. Here, we characterized the effects of fasting on the host-gut microbiota in crucian carp, which would enhance our insight into physiological adaptation to fasting. To achieve this, we investigated the gut microbial communities of crucian carp with different fasting stress, and corresponding immune and growth parameters. The gut microbial communities were structured into four clusters according to different fasting stress, namely one control group (feed regularly), two intermittent fasting groups (fasting period and re-feeding period, respectively), and one long-term fasting group. Intermittent fasting significantly improved the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lysozyme (LZM) (ANOVA, p < 0.05) and significantly increased alpha diversity and ecosystem stability of gut microbiota (ANOVA, p < 0.05). Gut length (GL) and condition factor (CF) showed no significant difference between the control group (CG) and intermittent fasting group under re-feeding period (RIF) (ANOVA, p = 0.11), but relative gut length (RGL) in group RIF was higher than that in the CG (ANOVA, p = 0.00). The bacterial genera Bacteroides, Akkermansia, and Erysipelotrichaceae were enriched in fishes under intermittent fasting. Two Bacteroides OTUs (OTU50 and OTU1292) correlated positively with immune (SOD, complement, and LZM) and growth (GL and RGL) parameters. These results highlight the possible interplay between growth performances, immune function, and gut microbiota in response to fasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Li
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Mengting Qi
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | | | - Dongcan Tian
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Weihua Jin
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, CAS; Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shijin Wu
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
| | - Huan Li
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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210
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Keshteli AH, Madsen KL, Dieleman LA. Diet in the Pathogenesis and Management of Ulcerative Colitis; A Review of Randomized Controlled Dietary Interventions. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071498. [PMID: 31262022 PMCID: PMC6683258 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological and experimental studies have suggested that diet is one of the environmental factors that contributes to the onset and pathophysiology of ulcerative colitis. Although many patients suffering from ulcerative colitis attribute their symptoms or disease relapse to dietary factors, only a few well-designed randomized controlled trials have been done to investigate the role of diet in the management of ulcerative colitis. Here, we review the potential mechanisms of the relationship between diet and pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis and summarize randomized controlled dietary interventions that have been conducted in ulcerative colitis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
- Centre of Excellence for Gastrointestinal Inflammation and Immunity Research (CEGIIR), Edmonton, AB T6G 2X8, Canada
| | - Karen L Madsen
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
- Centre of Excellence for Gastrointestinal Inflammation and Immunity Research (CEGIIR), Edmonton, AB T6G 2X8, Canada
| | - Levinus A Dieleman
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada.
- Centre of Excellence for Gastrointestinal Inflammation and Immunity Research (CEGIIR), Edmonton, AB T6G 2X8, Canada.
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211
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Greenspan SE, Lyra ML, Migliorini GH, Kersch-Becker MF, Bletz MC, Lisboa CS, Pontes MR, Ribeiro LP, Neely WJ, Rezende F, Romero GQ, Woodhams DC, Haddad CFB, Toledo LF, Becker CG. Arthropod-bacteria interactions influence assembly of aquatic host microbiome and pathogen defense. Proc Biol Sci 2019; 286:20190924. [PMID: 31238845 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.0924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The host-associated microbiome is vital to host immunity and pathogen defense. In aquatic ecosystems, organisms may interact with environmental bacteria to influence the pool of potential symbionts, but the effects of these interactions on host microbiome assembly and pathogen resistance are unresolved. We used replicated bromeliad microecosystems to test for indirect effects of arthropod-bacteria interactions on host microbiome assembly and pathogen burden, using tadpoles and the fungal amphibian pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis as a model host-pathogen system. Arthropods influenced host microbiome assembly by altering the pool of environmental bacteria, with arthropod-bacteria interactions specifically reducing host colonization by transient bacteria and promoting antimicrobial components of aquatic bacterial communities. Arthropods also reduced fungal zoospores in the environment, but fungal infection burdens in tadpoles corresponded most closely with arthropod-mediated patterns in microbiome assembly. This result indicates that the cascading effects of arthropods on the maintenance of a protective host microbiome may be more strongly linked to host health than negative effects of arthropods on pools of pathogenic zoospores. Our work reveals tight links between healthy ecosystem dynamics and the functioning of host microbiomes, suggesting that ecosystem disturbances such as loss of arthropods may have downstream effects on host-associated microbial pathogen defenses and host fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasha E Greenspan
- 1 Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama , Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 , USA
| | - Mariana L Lyra
- 2 Department of Zoology and Aquaculture Center (CAUNESP), Universidade Estadual Paulista , Rio Claro , SP 13506-900 , Brazil
| | - Gustavo H Migliorini
- 3 Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' , São José do Rio Preto SP 15054-000 , Brazil
| | - Mônica F Kersch-Becker
- 1 Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama , Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 , USA
| | - Molly C Bletz
- 4 Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston , Boston, MA 02125 , USA
| | | | - Mariana R Pontes
- 6 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas , Campinas, SP 13083-862 , Brazil.,8 Laboratório de História Natural de Anfíbios Brasileiros (LaHNAB), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas , Campinas, SP 13083-862 , Brazil
| | - Luisa P Ribeiro
- 6 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas , Campinas, SP 13083-862 , Brazil.,8 Laboratório de História Natural de Anfíbios Brasileiros (LaHNAB), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas , Campinas, SP 13083-862 , Brazil
| | - Wesley J Neely
- 1 Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama , Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 , USA
| | - Felipe Rezende
- 6 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas , Campinas, SP 13083-862 , Brazil
| | - Gustavo Q Romero
- 7 Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas , Campinas SP 13083-862 , Brazil
| | - Douglas C Woodhams
- 4 Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston , Boston, MA 02125 , USA
| | - Célio F B Haddad
- 2 Department of Zoology and Aquaculture Center (CAUNESP), Universidade Estadual Paulista , Rio Claro , SP 13506-900 , Brazil
| | - Luís Felipe Toledo
- 8 Laboratório de História Natural de Anfíbios Brasileiros (LaHNAB), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas , Campinas, SP 13083-862 , Brazil
| | - C Guilherme Becker
- 1 Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama , Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 , USA
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212
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Nogay NH, Nahikian-Nelms M. Can we reduce autism-related gastrointestinal and behavior problems by gut microbiota based dietary modulation? A review. Nutr Neurosci 2019; 24:327-338. [PMID: 31216957 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2019.1630894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder that negatively affects a child's interaction and communication with the environment. The signals between intestine, brain, and microbiota change in autism. Altering the composition of microbiota may contribute to the development of clinical symptoms. Diet is one of the most important factors influencing intestinal microbiota.Aim: This study aimed to investigate the role of intestinal microbiota in gastrointestinal (GI) and behavioral problems seen in children with autism and discuss the potential effect of diet on intestinal microbiota in reducing these problems.Methods: The database Web of Science was searched for relevant studies. The combinations of the following terms were used for the search: 'autism' or 'autistic' and 'microbiome' or 'microbiota' or 'gut bacteria' or 'gut microbiota' or 'gut microbiome.' The analysis included human studies evaluating the relationship between GI problems and/or behavioral problems and intestinal microbiota in autism in the English language with no time limitation.Results: The initial search resulted in 691 studies, with 14 studies fully meeting the inclusion criteria. In these studies, high growth rates of Clostridium histolyticum, C. perfringens, and Sutterella; high ratio of Escherichia/Shigella; and low ratio of Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes were generally related to GI problems, while relative abundance of Desulfovibrio, Clostridium spp., and Bacteroides vulgatus were associated with behavior disorders.Conclusions: Published studies on the relationship of gastrointestinal and behavioral problems with gut microbiota in autism are very limited and contradictory. The fact that the results of the studies are not consistent with each other may be explained by the differences in the age of participants, geographical region, sample size, presence of GI problems in the selected control group, and feces or biopsy samples taken from different regions of GI system. With the available information, it is not yet possible to develop a gut microbiota-based nutritional intervention to treat GI symptoms for people with autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nalan Hakime Nogay
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.,School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Marcia Nahikian-Nelms
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Zhou YJ, Chang YN, You JQ, Li SZ, Zhuang W, Cao CJ. Cold-pressed Canola Oil Reduces Hepatic Steatosis by Modulating Oxidative Stress and Lipid Metabolism in KM Mice Compared with Refined Bleached Deodorized Canola Oil. J Food Sci 2019; 84:1900-1908. [PMID: 31183867 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The quality of canola oil is affected by different extraction methods. The effect of cold-pressed canola oil (CPCO) diet and traditional refined bleached deodorized canola oil (RBDCO) diet on lipid accumulation and hepatic steatosis in mice were investigated. The body weight, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α concentration, serum lipid profile, insulin sensitivity, and oxidative stress were increased in mice fed with CPCO diet, which had higher unsaturated fatty acid, tocopherols, phytosterols, and phospholipids but lower saturated fatty acid than RBDCO, after 12 weeks,. Moreover, CPCO significantly increased tocopherols and phytosterols content in liver and reduced liver cholesterol contents and lipid vacuoles accumulation than RBDCO. Also, serum proinflammatory cytokines, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutary coenzyme A reductase expression level, lipogenic enzymes, and transcriptional factors such as sterol regulatory element-binding proteins 1c, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and fatty acid synthase in the liver were also markedly downregulated from CPCO diet mice. Overall, CPCO can reduce lipid accumulation and hepatic steatosis by regulating oxidative stress and lipid metabolism in Kun Ming mice compared with RBDCO. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The results suggested that more bioactive components were contained in cold-pressed canola oil (CPCO) rather than refined bleached deodorized canola oil (RBDCO). CPCO could lower the risk of obesity and hyperlipidemia, reduce lipid accumulation, and prevent hepatic steatosis. It could be considered as a kind of better edible oil than RBDCO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jun Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China Univ. of Science and Technology, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya-Ning Chang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China Univ. of Science and Technology, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Qi You
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China Univ. of Science and Technology, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | - Sui-Zi Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China Univ. of Science and Technology, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhuang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China Univ. of Science and Technology, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng-Jia Cao
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China Univ. of Science and Technology, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
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Crosstalk between the Ketogenic Diet and Epilepsy: From the Perspective of Gut Microbiota. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:8373060. [PMID: 31281229 PMCID: PMC6589192 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8373060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the association between a range of neurological disorders and changes in the gut microbiota, interest in the gut microbiota has recently increased. In particular, the significant involvement of the autoimmune processes in the development of epilepsy, one of the most serious and widespread neurological diseases, has led to a suggested link with the gut microbiome. Because the constitution of the gut microbiome can be influenced by diet, dietary therapy has been shown to have a positive impact on a wide range of conditions via alteration of the gut microbiota. An example of one such diet is the ketogenic diet (KD), which promotes a diet that contains high levels of fat, adequate levels of protein, and low levels of carbohydrate. Due to the near-total elimination of carbohydrates from the individual's food in this ultra-high-fat diet, ketone bodies become an important source of energy. Although the ketogenic diet has proven successful in the treatment of refractory epilepsy and other illnesses, the underlying mechanisms of its neuroprotective effects have yet to be fully elucidated. Nevertheless, recent studies strongly indicate a role for the gut microbiota in the effective treatment of epilepsy with the ketogenic diet. The latest advances regarding the links between the ketogenic diet, gut microbiota, and epilepsy are reviewed in this article, with a particular focus on the role of the gut microbiota in the treatment outcome.
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215
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Payahoo L, Khajebishak Y, Alivand MR, Soleimanzade H, Alipour S, Barzegari A, Ostadrahimi A. Investigation the effect of oleoylethanolamide supplementation on the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila bacterium and the dietary intakes in people with obesity: A randomized clinical trial. Appetite 2019; 141:104301. [PMID: 31132422 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Akkermansia muciniphila bacterium is one of the inhabitant gut microbiota involving in the energy homeostasis and inhibition of the inflammations. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of Oleoylethanolamide (OEA) supplementation on the abundance of A. muciniphila and the dietary intakes in obese people. In this randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial, 60 eligible obese people were selected and divided randomly into two groups including OEA group (received two capsules containing 125 mg of OEA daily) and placebo group (received two capsules containing 125 mg of starch daily). The treatment lasted for 8 weeks. Dietary intakes were evaluated according to the three -day food record and, were analyzed by the Nutritionist 4 software. In order to evaluate the changes in the abundance of A. muciniphila bacterium, faeces samples were collected at baseline and at the end of study. The targeting of the 16S rRNA gene in A. muciniphila was measured by the quantitative real-time PCR analysis. For OEA group, the energy and carbohydrate intakes decreased significantly after adjusting for baseline values and confounder factors; (p = 0.035), the amount of carbohydrate was reported as 422.25 (SD = 103.11) gr and 368.44 (SD = 99.08) gr; (p = 0.042)), before and after the treatment, respectively. The abundance of A. muciniphila bacterium increased significantly in OEA group compared to placebo group (p < 0.001). Considering the accumulating evidence identified OEA as a novel, safe, and efficacious pharmaceutical agent increasing the abundance of A. muciniphila bacterium and modifying the energy balance, therefore it is suggested to use its supplement for treatment of the obese people. However, future studies are needed to confirm the positive results obtained in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laleh Payahoo
- Assistant Professor of Nutrition Sciences, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Yaser Khajebishak
- Assistant Professor of Nutrition Sciences, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Alivand
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Soleimanzade
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shahriar Alipour
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Barzegari
- Student Research Committee, School of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Ostadrahimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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216
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Nagpal R, Shively CA, Register TC, Craft S, Yadav H. Gut microbiome-Mediterranean diet interactions in improving host health. F1000Res 2019; 8:699. [PMID: 32704349 PMCID: PMC7359750 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.18992.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays a fundamental role in host health and disease. Host diet is one of the most significant modulators of the gut microbial community and its metabolic activities. Evidence demonstrates that dietary patterns such as the 'Western diet' and perturbations in gut microbiome (dysbiosis) have strong associations with a wide range of human diseases, including obesity, metabolic syndrome, type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. However, consumption of Mediterranean-style diets is considered healthy and associated with the prevention of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, colorectal cancers and many other diseases. Such beneficial effects of the Mediterranean diet might be attributed to high proportion of fibers, mono- and poly-unsaturated fatty acids, antioxidants and polyphenols. Concurrent literature has demonstrated beneficial modulation of the gut microbiome following a Mediterranean-style diet in humans as well as in experimental animal models such as rodents. We recently demonstrated similar positive changes in the gut microbiome of non-human primates consuming a Mediterranean-style diet for long term (30 months). Therefore, it is rational to speculate that this positive modulation of the gut microbiome diversity, composition and function is one of the main factors intermediating the health effects of Mediterranean diet on the host. The present perspective discusses the evidences that the Mediterranean diet induces gut microbiome modulation in rodents, non-human primates and human subjects, and discusses the potential role of gut microbiota and microbial metabolites as one of the fundamental catalysts intermediating various beneficial health effects of Mediterranean diet on the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Nagpal
- Division of Internal Medicine - Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27101, USA
- Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27101, USA
| | - Carol A. Shively
- Department of Pathology - Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27101, USA
| | - Thomas C. Register
- Department of Pathology - Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27101, USA
| | - Suzanne Craft
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27101, USA
| | - Hariom Yadav
- Division of Internal Medicine - Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27101, USA
- Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27101, USA
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217
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Lew KN, Starkweather A, Cong X, Judge M. A Mechanistic Model of Gut-Brain Axis Perturbation and High-Fat Diet Pathways to Gut Microbiome Homeostatic Disruption, Systemic Inflammation, and Type 2 Diabetes. Biol Res Nurs 2019; 21:384-399. [PMID: 31113222 DOI: 10.1177/1099800419849109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a highly prevalent metabolic disease, affecting nearly 10% of the American population. Although the etiopathogenesis of T2D remains poorly understood, advances in DNA sequencing technologies have allowed for sophisticated interrogation of the human microbiome, providing insight into the role of the gut microbiome in the development and progression of T2D. An emerging body of research reveals that gut-brain axis (GBA) perturbations and a high-fat diet (HFD), along with other modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors, contribute to gut microbiome homeostatic imbalance. Homeostatic imbalance or disruption increases gut wall permeability and facilitates translocation of endotoxins (lipopolysaccharides) into the circulation with resultant systemic inflammation. Chronic, low-grade systemic inflammation ensues with pro-inflammatory pathways activated, contributing to obesity, insulin resistance (IR), pancreatic β-cell decline, and, thereby, T2D. While GBA perturbations and HFD are implicated in provoking these conditions, prior mechanistic models have tended to examine HFD and GBA pathways exclusively without considering their shared pathways to T2D. Addressing this gap, this article proposes a mechanistic model informed by animal and human studies to advance scientific understanding of (1) modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors for gut microbiome homeostatic disruption, (2) HFD and GBA pathways contributing to homeostatic disruption, and (3) shared GBA and HFD pro-inflammatory pathways to obesity, IR, β-cell decline, and T2D. The proposed mechanistic model, based on the extant literature, proposes a framework for studying the complex relationships of the gut microbiome to T2D to advance study in this promising area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xiaomei Cong
- 1 School of Nursing, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Michelle Judge
- 1 School of Nursing, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
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218
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Metabolite-Sensing G Protein-Coupled Receptors Connect the Diet-Microbiota-Metabolites Axis to Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050450. [PMID: 31091682 PMCID: PMC6562883 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence has indicated that diet and metabolites, including bacteria- and host-derived metabolites, orchestrate host pathophysiology by regulating metabolism, immune system and inflammation. Indeed, autoimmune diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are associated with the modulation of host response to diets. One crucial mechanism by which the microbiota affects the host is signaling through G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) termed metabolite-sensing GPCRs. In the gut, both immune and nonimmune cells express GPCRs and their activation generally provide anti-inflammatory signals through regulation of both the immune system functions and the epithelial integrity. Members of GPCR family serve as a link between microbiota, immune system and intestinal epithelium by which all these components crucially participate to maintain the gut homeostasis. Conversely, impaired GPCR signaling is associated with IBD and other diseases, including hepatic steatosis, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and asthma. In this review, we first outline the signaling, function, expression and the physiological role of several groups of metabolite-sensing GPCRs. We then discuss recent findings on their role in the regulation of the inflammation, their existing endogenous and synthetic ligands and innovative approaches to therapeutically target inflammatory bowel disease.
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219
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Baenas N, Wagner AE. Drosophila melanogaster as an alternative model organism in nutrigenomics. GENES AND NUTRITION 2019; 14:14. [PMID: 31080523 PMCID: PMC6501408 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-019-0641-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nutrigenomics explains the interaction between the genome, the proteome, the epigenome, the metabolome, and the microbiome with the nutritional environment of an organism. It is therefore situated at the interface between an organism's health, its diet, and the genome. The diet and/or specific dietary compounds are able to affect not only the gene expression patterns, but also the epigenetic mechanisms as well as the production of metabolites and the bacterial composition of the microbiota. Drosophila melanogaster provides a well-suited model organism to unravel these interactions in the context of nutrigenomics as it combines several advantages including an affordable maintenance, a short generation time, a high fecundity, a relatively short life expectancy, a well-characterized genome, and the availability of several mutant fly lines. Furthermore, it hosts a mammalian-like intestinal system with a clear microbiota and a fat body resembling the adipose tissue with liver-equivalent oenocytes, supporting the fly as an excellent model organism not only in nutrigenomics but also in nutritional research. Experimental approaches that are essentially needed in nutrigenomic research, including several sequencing technologies, have already been established in the fruit fly. However, studies investigating the interaction of a specific diet and/or dietary compounds in the fly are currently very limited. The present review provides an overview of the fly's morphology including the intestinal microbiome and antimicrobial peptides as modulators of the immune system. Additionally, it summarizes nutrigenomic approaches in the fruit fly helping to elucidate host-genome interactions with the nutritional environment in the model organism Drosophila melanogaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nieves Baenas
- 1Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Anika E Wagner
- 2Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Justus-Liebig-University, Wilhelmstrasse 20, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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220
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Liu Y, Chen Z, Dai J, Yang P, Xu W, Ai Q, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Mai K. Sodium butyrate supplementation in high-soybean meal diets for turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.): Effects on inflammatory status, mucosal barriers and microbiota in the intestine. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 88:65-75. [PMID: 30840856 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.02.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A 12-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary sodium butyrate (NaBT) on the intestinal health of juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.), in terms of inflammatory status, mucosal barriers and microbiota. Three isonitrogenous and isolipidic practical diets were used: (1) fish meal based group (FM); (2) soybean meal group (SBM), soy protein replacing 40% fish meal protein in FM; (3) NaBT group, 0.2% NaBT supplemented in SBM. Each diet was fed to triplicate tanks (30 fish in each tank). The current results showed that 0.2% dietary NaBT improved the growth performance of fish and alleviated the enteropathy, increasing the absorptive surface and mitigating the infiltration of mixed leukocytes in lamina propria. Fish fed the NaBT diet presented increased activities of intestinal brush border enzyme and similar nutrient digestibility with the FM group. Compared to SBM, the inclusion of 0.2% NaBT in diet significantly up-regulated the intestinal gene expression of tight junction proteins and down-regulated the gene expression of TNF-α and NF-κB. The gut microbial communities of the NaBT group were closer to the FM group than to the SBM group, in terms of PCoA, UPGMA and Heatmap analyses based on weighted Unifrac distance. The relative abundance of several dominant bacteria at the phylum (Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Deinococcus-Thermus and Actinobacteria) and genus level (Thermus, Acinetobacter, Bacteroides and Silanimonas) were altered by dietary NaBT. In conclusion, dietary NaBT had positive roles in protecting the intestinal health of turbot from the impairment of soybean meal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture) & the Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Zhichu Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture) & the Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Jihong Dai
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture) & the Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Pei Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture) & the Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Weiqi Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture) & the Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Qinghui Ai
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture) & the Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Wenbing Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture) & the Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Yongan Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Yanjiao Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture) & the Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, PR China.
| | - Kangsen Mai
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture) & the Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
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221
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Duan Y, Wang Y, Liu Q, Zhang J, Xiong D. Changes in the intestine barrier function of Litopenaeus vannamei in response to pH stress. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 88:142-149. [PMID: 30807860 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
pH of water environment affects the survival of aquatic animals. Intestine barrier function influences the health of animals, which is related to its mucosa structure, immune components, and microbial communities. In this study, we investigated the histological structure, digestive and metabolic capacity, immune responses, and microbial composition in the intestine of Litopenaeus vanmei under three different conditions: control (pH 8.3), low pH stress (pH 6.9), and high pH stress (pH 9.7) for 72 h. The results showed both low and high pH stress disrupted the intestine morphological structure, and induced variations in the activities of digestive (AMS, LPS, Tryp, and Pep) and metabolic (HK, PK, CCO, and LDH) enzymes. Low and high pH stress also increased oxidative stress (MDA, LPO, PC, and ·O2- generation), and decreased the antioxidant enzyme activities (T-AOC, SOD, and GST); shrimp enhanced CAT activity and HSP70, Trx, MT and Fer gene transcripts as defense mechanism. Additionally, Immune confusion was also found in the shrimp intestine in response to low and high pH stress, including the antibacterial ability (T-NOS, PO, proPO, ALF, and Lys), pathogen recognition (TLR and Lec), apoptosis (Casp, IAP and p53), and mucus homeostasis (Muc-1, Muc-2, Muc-5AC, Muc-5B, and Muc-19). pH exposure also decreased the diversity of the intestine bacterial, disturbed the composition of microbiota, and decreased the microbial metabolite SCFA contents. Our results indicated that acute pH stress can impair the intestine barrier function of white shrimp, probably via destroying mucosa structure, confusing digestion and metabolism, inducing oxidative stress, disordering immunity, and disrupting the microbial composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Duan
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangdong Province, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, PR China
| | - Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangdong Province, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, PR China
| | - Qingsong Liu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangdong Province, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, PR China
| | - Jiasong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangdong Province, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, PR China.
| | - Dalin Xiong
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangdong Province, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, PR China
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222
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Wang Z, Qi Q. Gut microbial metabolites associated with HIV infection. Future Virol 2019; 14:335-347. [PMID: 31263508 PMCID: PMC6595475 DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2019-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
HIV infection has been associated with alterations in gut microbiota and related microbial metabolite production. However, the mechanisms of how these functional microbial metabolites may affect HIV immunopathogenesis and comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease and other metabolic diseases, remain largely unknown. Here we review the current understanding of gut microbiota and related metabolites in the context of HIV infection. We focus on several bacteria-produced metabolites, including tryptophan catabolites, short-chain fatty acids and trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), and discuss their implications in HIV infection and comorbidities. We also prospect future studies using integrative multiomics approaches to better understand host-microbiota-metabolites interactions in HIV infection, and facilitate integrative medicine utilizing the microbiota in HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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223
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Duan Y, Wang Y, Liu Q, Dong H, Li H, Xiong D, Zhang J. Changes in the intestine microbial, digestion and immunity of Litopenaeus vannamei in response to dietary resistant starch. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6464. [PMID: 31015554 PMCID: PMC6478684 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42939-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistant starch (RS) is a constituent of dietary fibre that has beneficial effects on the intestine physiological function of animals. However, the roles of RS on shrimp intestine health is unknown. In this study, we investigated the the effects of dietary RS on the microbial composition, and digestive and immune-related indices in the intestine of Litopenaeus vannamei. The shrimp were fed with diets containing different levels of RS: 0 g/kg (Control), 10 g/kg (RS1), 30 g/kg (RS2) and 50 g/kg (RS3) for 56 days. The results showed that dietary RS improved the morphology of the intestine mucosa. RS also increased the activity of digestive enzymes (AMS, LPS, Tryp, and Pep) and immune enzymes (PO, T-AOC, T-NOS, and NO), and the expression levels of immune-related genes (proPO, ALF, Lys, HSP70, Trx, Muc-1, Muc-2, Muc-5AC, Muc-5B, and Muc-19). A microbiome analysis indicated that dietary RS increased the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) contents and altered the composition of the intestine microbial. Specifically, RS increased the abundances of Proteobacteria and decreased the abundance of Bacteroidetes. At the genus level, the beneficial bacteria (Lutimonas, Ruegeria, Shimia, Mesoflavibacter, and Mameliella) were enriched, which might be involved in degrading toxins and producing beneficial metabolites; while potential pathogens (Formosa and Pseudoalteromonas) were decreased in response to dietary RS. Our results revealed that dietary RS could improve the intestine health of L. vannamei, probably via modulating the intestine microbial composition and SCFAs contents, and enhancing the digestion and immunity of the shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Duan
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangdong Province, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, P.R. China
| | - Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangdong Province, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, P.R. China
| | - Qingsong Liu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangdong Province, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, P.R. China
| | - Hongbiao Dong
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangdong Province, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, P.R. China
| | - Hua Li
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangdong Province, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, P.R. China
| | - Dalin Xiong
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangdong Province, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, P.R. China
| | - Jiasong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangdong Province, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, P.R. China.
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From Probiotics to Psychobiotics: Live Beneficial Bacteria Which Act on the Brain-Gut Axis. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11040890. [PMID: 31010014 PMCID: PMC6521058 DOI: 10.3390/nu11040890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an important relationship between probiotics, psychobiotics and cognitive and behavioral processes, which include neurological, metabolic, hormonal and immunological signaling pathways; the alteration in these systems may cause alterations in behavior (mood) and cognitive level (learning and memory). Psychobiotics have been considered key elements in affective disorders and the immune system, in addition to their effect encompassing the regulation of neuroimmune regulation and control axes (the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis or HPA, the sympathetic-adrenal-medullary axis or SAM and the inflammatory reflex) in diseases of the nervous system. The aim of this review is to summarize the recent findings about psychobiotics, the brain-gut axis and the immune system. The review focuses on a very new and interesting field that relates the microbiota of the intestine with diseases of the nervous system and its possible treatment, in neuroimmunomodulation area. Indeed, although probiotic bacteria will be concentrated after ingestion, mainly in the intestinal epithelium (where they provide the host with essential nutrients and modulation of the immune system), they may also produce neuroactive substances which act on the brain-gut axis.
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225
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Jones RB, Alderete TL, Kim JS, Millstein J, Gilliland FD, Goran MI. High intake of dietary fructose in overweight/obese teenagers associated with depletion of Eubacterium and Streptococcus in gut microbiome. Gut Microbes 2019; 10:712-719. [PMID: 30991877 PMCID: PMC6866686 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2019.1592420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: A western high fat, high carbohydrate diet has been shown to be associated with decreased gut bacterial diversity and reductions in beneficial bacteria. This gut bacteria dysbiosis could develop in early life and contribute to chronic disease risk such as obesity, type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Objective: To determine how dietary macronutrients are associated with the relative abundance of gut bacteria in healthy adolescents.Methods: Fifty-two obese participants (12-19 years) from two studies, many who were primarily of Hispanic background, provided fecal samples for 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Dietary macronutrients were assessed using 24-hour diet recalls and body composition was assessed using DEXA. General regression models assuming a negative binomial distribution were used to examine the associations between gut bacteria and dietary fiber, saturated fat, unsaturated fats, protein, added sugar, total sugar and free fructose after adjusting for age, gender, race/ethnicity, body fat percentage, study and caloric intake.Results: The genera Eubacterium (Benjamini-Hochberg (BH) corrected p-value = 0.10) and Streptococcus (BH corrected p-value = 0.04) were inversely associated with dietary fructose intake. There were no other significant associations between abundances of gut microbes and other dietary macronutrients, including fiber, fat, protein, total sugar or added sugar.Conclusions: High dietary fructose was associated with lower abundance of the beneficial microbes Eubacterium and Streptococcus, which are involved with carbohydrate metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshonda B Jones
- Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA,CONTACT Michael I. Goran, PhD Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of USC, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, 4661 Sunset Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Tanya L Alderete
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Jeniffer S Kim
- Division of Environmental Health, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joshua Millstein
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Frank D Gilliland
- Division of Environmental Health, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael I Goran
- Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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226
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Curciarello R, Canziani KE, Docena GH, Muglia CI. Contribution of Non-immune Cells to Activation and Modulation of the Intestinal Inflammation. Front Immunol 2019; 10:647. [PMID: 31024529 PMCID: PMC6467945 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The mucosal immune system constitutes a physical and dynamic barrier against foreign antigens and pathogens and exerts control mechanisms to maintain intestinal tolerance to the microbiota and food antigens. Chronic alterations of the intestinal homeostasis predispose to inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, such as Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD). There is growing evidence that the frequency and severity of these diseases are increasing worldwide, which may be probably due to changes in environmental factors. Several stromal and immune cells are involved in this delicate equilibrium that dictates homeostasis. In this review we aimed to summarize the role of epithelial cells and fibroblasts in the induction of mucosal inflammation in the context of IBD. It has been extensively described that environmental factors are key players in this process, and the microbiome of the gastrointestinal tract is currently being intensively investigated due to its profound impact the immune response. Recent findings have demonstrated the interplay between dietary and environmental components, the gut microbiome, and immune cells. "Western" dietary patterns, such as high caloric diets, and pollution can induce alterations in the gut microbiome that in turn affect the intestinal and systemic homeostasis. Here we summarize current knowledge on the influence of dietary components and air particulate matters on gut microbiome composition, and the impact on stromal and immune cells, with a particular focus on promoting local inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Curciarello
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.,Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Karina Eva Canziani
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.,Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Horacio Docena
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.,Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Isabel Muglia
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.,Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
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Commensal microflora in human conjunctiva; characteristics of microflora in the patients with chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease. Ocul Surf 2019; 17:265-271. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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229
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Bhattacharya M, Salcedo J, Robinson RC, Henrick BM, Barile D. Peptidomic and glycomic profiling of commercial dairy products: identification, quantification and potential bioactivities. NPJ Sci Food 2019; 3:4. [PMID: 31304276 PMCID: PMC6550233 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-019-0037-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptidomics and glycomics are recently established disciplines enabling researchers to characterize functional characteristics of foods at a molecular level. Milk-derived bioactive peptides and oligosaccharides have garnered both scientific and commercial interest because they possess unique functional properties, such as anti-hypertensive, immunomodulatory and prebiotic activities; therefore, the objective of this work was to employ peptidomic and glycomic tools to identify and measure relative and absolute quantities of peptides and oligosaccharides in widely consumed dairy products. Specifically, we identified up to 2117 unique peptides in 10 commercial dairy products, which together represent the most comprehensive peptidomic profiling of dairy milk in the literature to date. The quantity of peptides, measured by ion-exchange chromatography, varied between 60 and 130 mg/L among the same set of dairy products, which the majority originated from caseins, and the remaining from whey proteins. A recently published bioactive peptide database was used to identify 66 unique bioactive peptides in the dataset. In addition, 24 unique oligosaccharide compositions were identified in all the samples by nano LC Chip QTOF. Neutral oligosaccharides were the most abundant class in all samples (66-91.3%), followed by acidic (8.6-33.7%), and fucosylated oligosaccharides (0-4.6%). Variation of total oligosaccharide concentration ranged from a high of 65.78 to a low of 24.82 mg/L. Importantly, characterizing bioactive peptides and oligosaccharides in a wider number of dairy products may lead to innovations that go beyond the traditional vision of dairy components used for nutritional purposes but that will rather focus on improving human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrittika Bhattacharya
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Jaime Salcedo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Randall C. Robinson
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Bethany Michele Henrick
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
- Evolve Biosystems, 2121 2nd Street, B107, Davis, CA 95618 USA
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA
| | - Daniela Barile
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
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230
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Díaz-Rizzolo DA, Kostov B, López-Siles M, Serra A, Colungo C, González-de-Paz L, Martinez-Medina M, Sisó-Almirall A, Gomis R. Healthy dietary pattern and their corresponding gut microbiota profile are linked to a lower risk of type 2 diabetes, independent of the presence of obesity. Clin Nutr 2019; 39:524-532. [PMID: 30876826 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prediabetes and old age are both high risk factors for developing Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), while obesity is one of the most important factors triggering the disease. Nutritional interventions are the most effective tool for preventing T2D, as they improve different biochemical and anthropometric outcomes and growth-promoting/inhibiting gut microbiota populations. However, to date there are no specific dietary recommendations to stop the development of T2D in elderly groups, for whom hypocaloric diets and other commonly used weight-loss programs could be considered dangerous. The objective of our study, thus, was to understand the impact of dietary patterns on T2D risk as related to gut microbiota profile in obese and non-obese elderly prediabetic subjects. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed in 182 subjects ≥65 years old with prediabetes, divided into obese (OB) or non-obese (NOB) subgroups, and their risk of developing T2D was measured according to FINDRISK score and biochemical parameters. Also, clusters into different dietary patterns in each group by PCA analysis was related with gut microbiota, which was analyzed from stool samples by qPCR. The creation of clusters was used to re-evaluate T2D risk. RESULTS OB was at higher risk of developing T2D and showed worse metabolic outcomes. Unhealthier and healthier dietary pattern clusters were observed for both OB (OB-6 and OB-5 respectively) and NOB (NOB-2 and NOB-3 respectively) groups. Results obtained from the gut microbiota showed that only Prevotella was higher in NOB, but when comparisons were made between clusters, a clear relation with dietary pattern was observed; showing in healthier dietary clusters a decrease in Prevotella, an increase of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and an increase in lactic acid bacteria. T2D risk was greater in the obese group between unhealthier dietary clusters. No difference between healthier dietary clusters was observed. CONCLUSION A healthy dietary pattern and the growth-promoting beneficial and growth-inhibiting disadvantageous gut microbiota populations linked to it provide protection against the development of T2D in an obese population with advanced age and preDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Díaz-Rizzolo
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) - Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - B Kostov
- Primary Care Research Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Primary Care Centre Les Corts, CAPSBE, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M López-Siles
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Biology Department, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - A Serra
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) - Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Colungo
- Primary Care Research Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Primary Care Centre Les Corts, CAPSBE, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L González-de-Paz
- Primary Care Research Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Primary Care Centre Les Corts, CAPSBE, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Martinez-Medina
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Biology Department, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - A Sisó-Almirall
- Primary Care Research Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Primary Care Centre Les Corts, CAPSBE, Barcelona, Spain; University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Gomis
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) - Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Spain; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
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231
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Chen X, Fu Y, Wang L, Qian W, Zheng F, Hou X. Bifidobacterium longum and VSL#3 ® amelioration of TNBS-induced colitis associated with reduced HMGB1 and epithelial barrier impairment. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 92:77-86. [PMID: 30227219 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics are a beneficial treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, studies comparing the effects of similar doses of single and mixed probiotics on IBD are scarce. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is an important proinflammatory mediator involved IBD development. The present study assessed fecal HMGB1 levels in IBD patients and compared the effects of similar doses of Bifidobacterium longum (Bif) versus VSL#3® on HMGB1 levels in 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced murine colitis. Twenty-four mice were divided into four treatment groups (n = 6 per group): ethanol (control), TNBS, TNBS + Bif, and TNBS + VSL#3®. Bif and VSL#3® (4 × 109 CFU/dose) were administered daily by intragastric gavage, beginning 3 d before TNBS treatment, for a total of 7 d. Fecal HMGB1 levels were higher in both active IBD patients and TNBS-induced colitis mice versus their respective controls. Both Bif and VSL#3® improved intestinal inflammation and fecal microbiota imbalance in TNBS-induced colitis mice. Both treatments also reduced serum and fecal HMGB1 levels as well as increased expression of zonula occludins-1, occludin, and claudin-1 in colon tissues. In Caco-2 cells, HMGB1 reduced transepithelial electrical resistance, zonula occludins-1 protein expression, and increased paracellular permeability of FITC-dextran; the opposite was found with both probiotic treatments. These findings suggest Bif and VSL#3® have similar beneficial effects on TNBS-induced colitis, possibly through inhibition of HMGB1 release and subsequent HMGB1-mediated gut barrier dysfunction. The present study provides novel insights into probiotic treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingli Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Qian
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohua Hou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Viswanathan V, Krishnan D, Kalra S, Chawla R, Tiwaskar M, Saboo B, Baruah M, Chowdhury S, Makkar BM, Jaggi S. Insights on Medical Nutrition Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Indian Perspective. Adv Ther 2019; 36:520-547. [PMID: 30729455 PMCID: PMC6824451 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-019-0872-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
It is critical to integrate medical nutrition therapy (MNT) provided by a registered dietician (RD) into primary care of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This is necessary to achieve the goals of improving overall metabolic measures beyond calorie restriction and weight loss. Misconceptions about nutrition in T2DM add to the challenges of executing MNT in a culturally sensitive population. The current review provides insights into MNT for the prevention and management of T2DM in India, based on both evidence and experience. It revisits historical Indian studies and provides information on appropriate dietary intake of carbohydrates (60-70%), proteins (~ 20%) and fats (10%) that will be acceptable and beneficial in an Indian T2DM population. It discusses nuances of types of carbohydrates and fats and explains associations of increased dietary fiber intake, balanced intake of low and high glycemic index foods and substitution of saturated fats with plant-based polyunsaturated fats in improving outcomes of T2DM and attenuating risk factors. The article also deliberates upon special patient populations with comorbid conditions and diseases and the necessary adjustments needed in their nutritional care. It outlines a step-wise approach to MNT involving a careful interplay of nutrition assessment, diagnosis, individualization and patient counseling. Overall, the success of MNT relies on providing accurate, acceptable and appropriate dietary choices for continued patient adherence. Collaborative efforts from diabetologists, endocrinologists, internists and RDs are required to prioritize and implement MNT in diabetes practice in India.Funding: Signutra Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Viswanathan
- M.V. Hospital for Diabetes and Prof. M. Viswanathan Diabetes Research Centre (WHO Collaborating Centre for Research, Education and Training in Diabetes), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Sanjay Kalra
- Bharti Research Institute of Diabetes & Endocrinology (BRIDE), Karnal, Haryana, India.
| | | | | | - Banshi Saboo
- Dia Care-Diabetes and Hormone Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | | | - Subhankar Chowdhury
- Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research/SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - B M Makkar
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, New Delhi, India
| | - Shalini Jaggi
- Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialties Centre, New Delhi, India
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Abulizi N, Quin C, Brown K, Chan YK, Gill SK, Gibson DL. Gut Mucosal Proteins and Bacteriome Are Shaped by the Saturation Index of Dietary Lipids. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020418. [PMID: 30781503 PMCID: PMC6412740 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The dynamics of the tripartite relationship between the host, gut bacteria and diet in the gut is relatively unknown. An imbalance between harmful and protective gut bacteria, termed dysbiosis, has been linked to many diseases and has most often been attributed to high-fat dietary intake. However, we recently clarified that the type of fat, not calories, were important in the development of murine colitis. To further understand the host-microbe dynamic in response to dietary lipids, we fed mice isocaloric high-fat diets containing either milk fat, corn oil or olive oil and performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the colon microbiome and mass spectrometry-based relative quantification of the colonic metaproteome. The corn oil diet, rich in omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, increased the potential for pathobiont survival and invasion in an inflamed, oxidized and damaged gut while saturated fatty acids promoted compensatory inflammatory responses involved in tissue healing. We conclude that various lipids uniquely alter the host-microbe interaction in the gut. While high-fat consumption has a distinct impact on the gut microbiota, the type of fatty acids alters the relative microbial abundances and predicted functions. These results support that the type of fat are key to understanding the biological effects of high-fat diets on gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nijiati Abulizi
- Department of Biology, IKBSAS, University of British Columbia, Okanagan campus, Kelowna V1V 1V7, Canada.
| | - Candice Quin
- Department of Biology, IKBSAS, University of British Columbia, Okanagan campus, Kelowna V1V 1V7, Canada.
| | - Kirsty Brown
- Department of Biology, IKBSAS, University of British Columbia, Okanagan campus, Kelowna V1V 1V7, Canada.
| | - Yee Kwan Chan
- Department of Biology, IKBSAS, University of British Columbia, Okanagan campus, Kelowna V1V 1V7, Canada.
| | - Sandeep K Gill
- Department of Biology, IKBSAS, University of British Columbia, Okanagan campus, Kelowna V1V 1V7, Canada.
| | - Deanna L Gibson
- Department of Biology, IKBSAS, University of British Columbia, Okanagan campus, Kelowna V1V 1V7, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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Metabolic Modeling of Clostridium difficile Associated Dysbiosis of the Gut Microbiota. Processes (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/pr7020097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent in vitro experiments have demonstrated the ability of the pathogen Clostridium difficile and commensal gut bacteria to form biofilms on surfaces, and biofilm development in vivo is likely. Various studies have reported that 3%–15% of healthy adults are asymptomatically colonized with C. difficile, with commensal species providing resistance against C. difficile pathogenic colonization. C. difficile infection (CDI) is observed at a higher rate in immunocompromised patients previously treated with broad spectrum antibiotics that disrupt the commensal microbiota and reduce competition for available nutrients, resulting in imbalance among commensal species and dysbiosis conducive to C. difficile propagation. To investigate the metabolic interactions of C. difficile with commensal species from the three dominant phyla in the human gut, we developed a multispecies biofilm model by combining genome-scale metabolic reconstructions of C. difficile, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron from the phylum Bacteroidetes, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii from the phylum Firmicutes, and Escherichia coli from the phylum Proteobacteria. The biofilm model was used to identify gut nutrient conditions that resulted in C. difficile-associated dysbiosis characterized by large increases in C. difficile and E. coli abundances and large decreases in F. prausnitzii abundance. We tuned the model to produce species abundances and short-chain fatty acid levels consistent with available data for healthy individuals. The model predicted that experimentally-observed host-microbiota perturbations resulting in decreased carbohydrate/increased amino acid levels and/or increased primary bile acid levels would induce large increases in C. difficile abundance and decreases in F. prausnitzii abundance. By adding the experimentally-observed perturbation of increased host nitrate secretion, the model also was able to predict increased E. coli abundance associated with C. difficile dysbiosis. In addition to rationalizing known connections between nutrient levels and disease progression, the model generated hypotheses for future testing and has the capability to support the development of new treatment strategies for C. difficile gut infections.
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235
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Zhou W, Xu H, Zhan L, Lu X, Zhang L. Dynamic Development of Fecal Microbiome During the Progression of Diabetes Mellitus in Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rats. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:232. [PMID: 30837966 PMCID: PMC6382700 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Although substantial efforts have been made to link the gut microbiota to type 2 diabetes, dynamic changes in the fecal microbiome under the pathological conditions of diabetes have not been investigated. Methods: Four male Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats received Purina 5008 chow [protein = 23.6%, Nitrogen-Free Extract (by difference) = 50.3%, fiber (crude) = 3.3%, ash = 6.1%, fat (ether extract) = 6.7%, and fat (acid hydrolysis) = 8.1%] for 8 weeks. A total of 32 stool samples were collected from weeks 8 to 15 in four rats. To decipher the microbial populations in these samples, we used a 16S rRNA gene sequencing approach. Results: Microbiome analysis showed that the changes in the fecal microbiome were associated with age and disease progression. In all the stages from 8 to 15 weeks, phyla Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria primarily dominated the fecal microbiome of the rats. Although Lactobacillus and Turicibacter were the predominant genera in 8- to 10-week-old rats, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Ruminococcus, and Allobaculum were the most abundant genera in 15-week-old rats. Of interest, compared to the earlier weeks, relatively greater diversity (at the genus level) was observed at 10 weeks of age. Although the microbiome of 12-week-old rats had the highest diversity, the diversity in 13–15-week-old rats was reduced. Spearman’s correlation analysis showed that F/B was negatively correlated with age. Random blood glucose was negatively correlated with Lactobacillus and Turicibacter but positively correlated with Ruminococcus and Allobaculum and Simpson’s diversity index. Conclusion: We demonstrated the time-dependent alterations of the abundance and diversity of the fecal microbiome during the progression of diabetes in ZDF rats. At the genus level, dynamic changes were observed. We believe that this work will enhance our understanding of fecal microbiome development in ZDF rats and help to further analyze the role of the microbiome in metabolic diseases. Furthermore, our work may also provide an effective strategy for the clinical treatment of diabetes through microbial intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhou
- Modern Research Laboratory of Spleen Visceral Manifestations Theory, Basic Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Huiying Xu
- Modern Research Laboratory of Spleen Visceral Manifestations Theory, Basic Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Libin Zhan
- Modern Research Laboratory of Spleen Visceral Manifestations Theory, Basic Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoguang Lu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Lijing Zhang
- Modern Research Laboratory of Spleen Visceral Manifestations Theory, Basic Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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236
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Niu J, Xie JJ, Guo TY, Fang HH, Zhang YM, Liao SY, Xie SW, Liu YJ, Tian LX. Comparison and Evaluation of Four Species of Macro-Algaes as Dietary Ingredients in Litopenaeus vannamei Under Normal Rearing and WSSV Challenge Conditions: Effect on Growth, Immune Response, and Intestinal Microbiota. Front Physiol 2019; 9:1880. [PMID: 30687110 PMCID: PMC6333665 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The study was conducted to compare and evaluate effects of four different macro-algaes on growth, immune response, and intestinal microbiota of Litopenaeus vannamei. In the rearing trial 1, shrimp were fed five diets containing four sources of macro-algaes for 8 weeks, named D1 (without macro-algae), D2 (Porphyra haitanensis), D3 (Undaria pinnatifida), D4 (Saccharina japonica), and D5 (Gracilaria lemaneiformis), respectively. Growth performance of shrimp in D5 diet was significantly higher than that of shrimp fed the control and D4 diet (P < 0.05); however, there is no significant difference among D2, D3, and D5 diets (P > 0.05). Apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter from the D2, D3, and D5 diets were significantly higher than that from the control and D4 diets (P < 0.05). Supplementary macro-algaes enhanced hepatopancreas immunity through positively increasing total antioxidant status (TAS) and prophenoloxidase activity (ProPO), as well as up-regulating the hepatopancreas RNA expression of ProPO and IκBα and down-regulating the expression of transforming growth factor β. Furthermore, dietary macro-algaes modified intestinal microbiota of L. vannamei, boosting the relative abundance of beneficial bacterial such as Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Bacillaceae, and decreasing those detrimental bacterial such as Gammaproteobacteria and Vibrionaceae. In the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) challenge trial, shrimps were injected for 6-day after the rearing trial. On the fourth day, shrimp death started to occur, and the mortality in D2, D3, and D5 diets was significantly lower than that in control and SJ diets during 4-6 challenged days (P < 0.05). Dietary macro-algaes ameliorated hepatopancreas damage in L. vannamei by increasing TAS and ProPO activities and decreasing SOD activity, inhibiting the lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde), as well as regulating the immune-related genes expression. Taken together, dietary macro-algaes availably relieved enterohepatic oxidative damage by improving antioxidant ability and immunity and regulated intestinal microbiota in L. vannamei. These results indicated that G. lemaneiformis is the most suitable macro-algae and then followed by U. pinnatifida and P. haitanensis as the feed ingredient for L. vannamei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animal and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Jun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animal and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tian-Yu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animal and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao-Hang Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animal and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Mei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animal and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Yu Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animal and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Wei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animal and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Jian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animal and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Xia Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animal and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Stefani S, Ngatidjan S, Paotiana M, Sitompul KA, Abdullah M, Sulistianingsih DP, Shankar AH, Agustina R. Dietary quality of predominantly traditional diets is associated with blood glucose profiles, but not with total fecal Bifidobacterium in Indonesian women. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208815. [PMID: 30576336 PMCID: PMC6303024 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A high quality modern diet is associated with reduced risk of metabolic disease and diabetes. However, it remains unclear whether the quality of predominantly traditional ethnic diets is associated with such conditions. Moreover, the relationship between dietary quality and microbiota, a potential mediator of metabolic disease, has not been studied. Objective We investigated the relationship of dietary quality of traditional ethnic diets in Indonesia with fasting blood glucose (FBG), HbA1c, and the number of fecal Bifidobacterium. Design A cross-sectional study was conducted in selected districts with predominantly animal- or plant-based traditional diets of West Sumatera and West Java provinces, respectively. A total of 240 apparently healthy women aged 19–50 years were randomly selected from 360 women screened by a cluster sampling design. Dietary quality was assessed by 2-day repeated 24-hour food recall, and scored using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) 2010. FBG was quantified with the enzymatic colorimetric method, and HbA1c by using hexokinase and high-performance liquid chromatography, and total fecal Bifidobacterium by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results The HEI scores of 99% of women were <51, indicating a low-quality diet. In adjusted multivariate regression, HEI was inversely associated with FBG (ß = -0.403; 95% CI = -0.789 to -0.016; p = 0.041) and HbA1c (ß = -0.018; 95% CI = -0.036 to 0.000; p = 0.048) but was not significantly associated with total levels of Bifidobacterium (ß = -0.007, p = 0.275). Bifidobacterium count was not significantly associated with either FBG or HbA1c levels. Conclusion Low dietary quality is clearly associated with risk of increased markers of blood glucose. However, any mediating role of Bifidobacterium between dietary quality and glucose outcomes was not apparent. Innovative interventions for healthy eating should be implemented to increase dietary quality of populations transitioning from predominantly traditional to modern diets, to reduce the risk of diabetes, especially in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiela Stefani
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia—Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Sanny Ngatidjan
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia—Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Monica Paotiana
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia—Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Kurnia A. Sitompul
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia—Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Murdani Abdullah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia—Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Human Nutrition Research Center, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Dyah P. Sulistianingsih
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia—Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Anuraj H. Shankar
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Rina Agustina
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia—Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Human Nutrition Research Center, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization Regional Centre for Food and Nutrition (SEAMEO RECFON)/ Pusat Kajian Gizi Regional (PKGR), Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- * E-mail: ,
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238
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Du Preez S, Corbitt M, Cabanas H, Eaton N, Staines D, Marshall-Gradisnik S. A systematic review of enteric dysbiosis in chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis. Syst Rev 2018; 7:241. [PMID: 30572962 PMCID: PMC6302292 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-018-0909-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic fatigue syndrome or myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) is an illness characterised by profound and pervasive fatigue in addition to a heterogeneous constellation of symptoms. The aetiology of this condition remains unknown; however, it has been previously suggested that enteric dysbiosis is implicated in the pathogenesis of CFS/ME. This review examines the evidence currently available for the presence of abnormal microbial ecology in CFS/ME in comparison to healthy controls, with one exception being probiotic-supplemented CFS/ME patients, and whether the composition of the microbiome plays a role in symptom causation. METHODS EMBASE, Medline (via EBSCOhost), Pubmed and Scopus were systematically searched from 1994 to March 2018. All studies that investigated the gut microbiome composition of CFS/ME patients were initially included prior to the application of specific exclusion criteria. The association between these findings and patient-centred outcomes (fatigue, quality of life, gastrointestinal symptoms, psychological wellbeing) are also reported. RESULTS Seven studies that met the inclusion criteria were included in the review. The microbiome composition of CFS/ME patients was compared with healthy controls, with the exception of one study that compared to probiotic-supplemented CFS/ME patients. Differences were reported in each study; however, only three were considered statistically significant, and the findings across all studies were inconsistent. The quality of the studies included in this review scored between poor (< 54%), fair (54-72%) and good (94-100%) using the Downs and Black checklist. CONCLUSIONS There is currently insufficient evidence for enteric dysbiosis playing a significant role in the pathomechanism of CFS/ME. Recommendations for future research in this field include the use of consistent criteria for the diagnosis of CFS/ME, reduction of confounding variables by controlling factors that influence microbiome composition prior to sample collection and including more severe cases of CFS/ME.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Du Preez
- National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia. .,School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.
| | - M Corbitt
- National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - H Cabanas
- National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.,School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - N Eaton
- National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.,School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - D Staines
- National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.,School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - S Marshall-Gradisnik
- National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.,School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
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239
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Reddavide R, Rotolo O, Caruso MG, Stasi E, Notarnicola M, Miraglia C, Nouvenne A, Meschi T, De' Angelis GL, Di Mario F, Leandro G. The role of diet in the prevention and treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2018; 89:60-75. [PMID: 30561397 PMCID: PMC6502201 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v89i9-s.7952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) – Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) – are chronic conditions characterised by relapsing inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. They represent an increasing public health concern and an aetiological enigma due to unknown causal factors. The current knowledge on the pathogenesis of IBD is that genetically susceptible individuals develop intolerance to a dysregulated gut microflora (dysbiosis) and chronic inflammation develops as a result of environmental triggers. Among the environmental factors associated with IBD, diet plays an important role in modulating the gut microbiome, and, consequently, it could have a therapeutic impact on the disease course. An overabundance of calories and some macronutrients typical of the Western dietetic pattern increase gut inflammation, whereas several micronutrients characteristic of the Mediterranean Diet have the potential to modulate gut inflammation, according to recent evidence. Immunonutrition has emerged as a new concept putting forward the role of vitamins such as vitamins A, C, E, and D, folic acid, beta carotene and trace elements such as zinc, selenium, manganese and iron. However, when assessed in clinical trials, specific micronutrients showed a limited benefit. Further research is required to evaluate the role of individual food compounds and complex nutritional interventions with the potential to decrease inflammation as a means of prevention and management of IBD. The current dietary recommendations for disease prevention and management are scarce and non evidence-based. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the complex interaction between diet, microbiome and immune-modulation in IBD, with particular focus to the role of the Mediterranean Diet as a tool for prevention and treatment of the disease. (www.actabiomedica.it)
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Reddavide
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. De Bellis" Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy.
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Hyder A. PGlyRP3 concerts with PPARγ to attenuate DSS-induced colitis in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 67:46-53. [PMID: 30530168 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nutrients may modulate immunity through their transcription factors that act on both metabolic and immunity genes. It has been shown that the transcription factor of lipid ligands PPARγ physically binds the gene promoter of the peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGlyRP3), which showed anti-inflammatory action in vitro. It is hypothesized in the present work that olive oil feeding protects against toxicity of DSS-induced colitis via activation of the lipid transcription factor PPARγ that stimulates the anti-inflammatory PGlyRP3. Results: PGlyRP3 is expressed in mouse colon and up-regulated by olive oil feeding. Olive oil reduced mortality and severity scores of DSS-induced colitis and down-regulated the proinflammatory IL-1b, IL-6 and TNFα genes. This protective effect was accompanied by up-regulation of both PPARγ and PGlyRP3. Inhibition of PPARγ by its antagonist BADGE down-regulated PGlyRP3 and abolished the anti-inflammatory effect of olive oil feeding in this DSS-induced colitis model, reflecting the pivotal role of PPARγ binding nutrition and inflammation. Activation of PGlyRP3 by its ligand peptidoglycan was not responsible for the inflammation caused by peptidoglycan, since neutralization of TLR2 attenuated this inflammatory response without affecting the peptidoglycan-induced PGlyRP3 level. Olive oil activated the IκBα and inhibited NF-κB and cox-2 gene expressions, and p65 nuclear translocation in DSS-colitis mice, reflecting the involvement of the inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway in the anti-inflammatory olive oil - PPARγ - PGlyRP3 access. This pathway was reactivated by the PPARγ antagonist BADGE. Conclusions: Olive oil regulates by the same transcription factor (PPARγ) both lipid metabolic and immune gene (PGlyRP3) expressions, exerting the anti-inflammatory effect, and protecting against DSS-induced colitis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Hyder
- Faculty of Science, Damietta University, New Damietta 34517, Egypt.
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241
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Craig JM. Food intolerance in dogs and cats. J Small Anim Pract 2018; 60:77-85. [DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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242
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Bin P, Tang Z, Liu S, Chen S, Xia Y, Liu J, Wu H, Zhu G. Intestinal microbiota mediates Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli-induced diarrhea in piglets. BMC Vet Res 2018; 14:385. [PMID: 30518356 PMCID: PMC6282381 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1704-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) causes diarrhea in humans, cows, and pigs. The gut microbiota underlies pathology of several infectious diseases yet the role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of ETEC-induced diarrhea is unknown. Results By using an ETEC induced diarrheal model in piglet, we profiled the jejunal and fecal microbiota using metagenomics and 16S rRNA sequencing. A jejunal microbiota transplantation experiment was conducted to determine the role of the gut microbiota in ETEC-induced diarrhea. ETEC-induced diarrhea influenced the structure and function of gut microbiota. Diarrheal piglets had lower Bacteroidetes: Firmicutes ratio and microbiota diversity in the jejunum and feces, and lower percentage of Prevotella in the feces, but higher Lactococcus in the jejunum and higher Escherichia-Shigella in the feces. The transplantation of the jejunal microbiota from diarrheal piglets to uninfected piglets leaded to diarrhea after transplantation. Microbiota transplantation experiments also supported the notion that dysbiosis of gut microbiota is involved in the immune responses in ETEC-induced diarrhea. Conclusion We conclude that ETEC infection influences the gut microbiota and the dysbiosis of gut microbiota after ETEC infection mediates the immune responses in ETEC infection. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12917-018-1704-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Bin
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyi Tang
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shaojuan Liu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Health and Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecology, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaoyao Xia
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Health and Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecology, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hucong Wu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guoqiang Zhu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
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243
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Fernandez MA, Marette A. Novel perspectives on fermented milks and cardiometabolic health with a focus on type 2 diabetes. Nutr Rev 2018; 76:16-28. [PMID: 30452697 PMCID: PMC6280950 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuy060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This review will explore the observational and mechanistic evidence supporting the hypothesis that fermented milk consumption has beneficial effects on metabolism. Live cultures in fermented dairy are thought to contribute to gut microbial balance, which is likely an instrumental mechanism that protects the host against gut dysbiosis and systemic inflammation associated with cardiometabolic diseases. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) release bioactive metabolites, such as exopolysaccharides and peptides, that have the potential to exert a wide range of metabolic and regulatory functions. In particular, peptides derived from fermented dairy products are likely to exert greater cardiometabolic and anti-inflammatory effects than nonfermented dairy. It is hypothesized that LAB-derived bioactive peptides have the potential to protect the host against cardiometabolic diseases through antimicrobial actions and to effect changes in gene expression of glucose regulatory and anti-inflammatory signaling pathways. The peptides released through fermentation may explain some of the health effects of fermented dairy products on cardiometabolic disease risk observed in epidemiological studies, particularly type 2 diabetes; however, mechanisms have yet to be explored in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Anne Fernandez
- Heart and Lung Institute of Quebec and the Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - André Marette
- Heart and Lung Institute of Quebec and the Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
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244
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Pretorius L, Kell DB, Pretorius E. Iron Dysregulation and Dormant Microbes as Causative Agents for Impaired Blood Rheology and Pathological Clotting in Alzheimer's Type Dementia. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:851. [PMID: 30519157 PMCID: PMC6251002 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease and other similar dementias are debilitating neurodegenerative disorders whose etiology and pathogenesis remain largely unknown, even after decades of research. With the anticipated increase in prevalence of Alzheimer’s type dementias among the more susceptible aging population, the need for disease-modifying treatments is urgent. While various hypotheses have been put forward over the last few decades, we suggest that Alzheimer’s type dementias are triggered by external environmental factors, co-expressing in individuals with specific genetic susceptibilities. These external stressors are defined in the Iron Dysregulation and Dormant Microbes (IDDM) hypothesis, previously put forward. This hypothesis is consistent with current literature in which serum ferritin levels of individuals diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease are significantly higher compared those of age- and gender-matched controls. While iron dysregulation contributes to oxidative stress, it also causes microbial reactivation and virulence of the so-called dormant blood (and tissue) microbiome. Dysbiosis (changes in the microbiome) or previous infections can contribute to the dormant blood microbiome (atopobiosis1), and also directly promotes systemic inflammation via the amyloidogenic formation and shedding of potent inflammagens such as lipopolysaccharides. The simultaneous iron dysregulation and microbial aberrations affect the hematological system, promoting fibrin amylodiogenesis, and pathological clotting. Systemic inflammation and oxidative stress can contribute to blood brain barrier permeability and the ensuing neuro-inflammation, characteristic of Alzheimer’s type dementias. While large inter-individual variability exists, especially concerning disease pathogenesis, the IDDM hypothesis acknowledges primary causative factors which can be targeted for early diagnosis and/or for prevention of disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesha Pretorius
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Douglas B Kell
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,The Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Etheresia Pretorius
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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245
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Functional eubacteria species along with trans-domain gut inhabitants favour dysgenic diversity in oxalate stone disease. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16598. [PMID: 30413731 PMCID: PMC6226508 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33773-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Analyses across all three domains of life are necessary to advance our understanding of taxonomic dysbiosis in human diseases. In the present study, we assessed gut microbiota (eubacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes) of recurrent oxalate kidney stone suffers to explore the extent of trans-domain and functional species dysbiosis inside the gut. Trans-domain taxonomic composition, active oxalate metabolizer and butyrate-producing diversity were explored by utilizing frc-, but-, and buk- functional gene amplicon analysis. Operational taxonomic units (OTUs) level analyses confound with the observation that dysbiosis in gut microbiota is not just limited to eubacteria species, but also to other domains like archaea and eukaryotes. We found that some of healthy eubacterial population retained together with Oxalobacter formigenes and Lactobacillus plantarum colonization in disease condition (p < 0.001 & FDR = 0.05). Interestingly, trans-domain species diversity has been less shared and dysgenic taxa augmentation was found to be higher. Oxalate metabolizing bacterial species (OMBS) and butyrate-producing eubacteria species were found to be decreased in Oxalobacter non-colonizers; and Prevotella and Ruminococcus species which may contribute to oxalate metabolism and butyrate synthesis as well. Our study underscores fact that microbial dysbiosis is not limited to eubacteria only hence suggest the necessity of the trans-domain surveillance in metabolic diseases for intervention studies.
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246
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Mukherjee S, Joardar N, Sengupta S, Sinha Babu SP. Gut microbes as future therapeutics in treating inflammatory and infectious diseases: Lessons from recent findings. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 61:111-128. [PMID: 30196243 PMCID: PMC7126101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The human gut microbiota has been the interest of extensive research in recent years and our knowledge on using the potential capacity of these microbes are growing rapidly. Microorganisms colonized throughout the gastrointestinal tract of human are coevolved through symbiotic relationship and can influence physiology, metabolism, nutrition and immune functions of an individual. The gut microbes are directly involved in conferring protection against pathogen colonization by inducing direct killing, competing with nutrients and enhancing the response of the gut-associated immune repertoire. Damage in the microbiome (dysbiosis) is linked with several life-threatening outcomes viz. inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, obesity, allergy, and auto-immune disorders. Therefore, the manipulation of human gut microbiota came out as a potential choice for therapeutic intervention of the several human diseases. Herein, we review significant studies emphasizing the influence of the gut microbiota on the regulation of host responses in combating infectious and inflammatory diseases alongside describing the promises of gut microbes as future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suprabhat Mukherjee
- Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology (Centre for Advanced Studies), Siksha-Bhavana, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal, 731235, India
| | - Nikhilesh Joardar
- Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology (Centre for Advanced Studies), Siksha-Bhavana, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal, 731235, India
| | - Subhasree Sengupta
- Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology (Centre for Advanced Studies), Siksha-Bhavana, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal, 731235, India
| | - Santi P Sinha Babu
- Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology (Centre for Advanced Studies), Siksha-Bhavana, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal, 731235, India.
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247
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Kristek A, Schär MY, Soycan G, Alsharif S, Kuhnle GGC, Walton G, Spencer JPE. The gut microbiota and cardiovascular health benefits: A focus on wholegrain oats. NUTR BULL 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Kristek
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences; University of Reading; Reading UK
| | - M. Y. Schär
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences; University of Reading; Reading UK
| | - G. Soycan
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences; University of Reading; Reading UK
| | - S. Alsharif
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences; University of Reading; Reading UK
| | - G. G. C. Kuhnle
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences; University of Reading; Reading UK
| | - G. Walton
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences; University of Reading; Reading UK
| | - J. P. E. Spencer
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences; University of Reading; Reading UK
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248
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Rothman JA, Carroll MJ, Meikle WG, Anderson KE, McFrederick QS. Longitudinal Effects of Supplemental Forage on the Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) Microbiota and Inter- and Intra-Colony Variability. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2018; 76:814-824. [PMID: 29397399 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-018-1151-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Honey bees (Apis mellifera) provide vital pollination services for a variety of agricultural crops around the world and are known to host a consistent core bacterial microbiome. This symbiotic microbial community is essential to many facets of bee health, including likely nutrient acquisition, disease prevention and optimal physiological function. Being that the bee microbiome is likely involved in the digestion of nutrients, we either provided or excluded honey bee colonies from supplemental floral forage before being used for almond pollination. We then used 16S rRNA gene sequencing to examine the effects of forage treatment on the bees' microbial gut communities over four months. In agreement with previous studies, we found that the honey bee gut microbiota is quite stable over time. Similarly, we compared the gut communities of bees from separate colonies and sisters sampled from within the same hive over four months. Surprisingly, we found that the gut microbial communities of individual sisters from the same colony can exhibit as much variation as bees from different colonies. Supplemental floral forage had a subtle effect on the composition of the microbiome during the month of March only, with strains of Gilliamella apicola, Lactobacillus, and Bartonella being less proportionally abundant in bees exposed to forage in the winter. Collectively, our findings show that there is unexpected longitudinal variation within the gut microbial communities of sister honey bees and that supplemental floral forage can subtly alter the microbiome of managed honey bees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Rothman
- Department of Entomology, University of California, 139 Entomology Building, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Mark J Carroll
- Carl Hayden Bee Research Center, USDA-ARS, Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA
| | - William G Meikle
- Carl Hayden Bee Research Center, USDA-ARS, Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA
| | - Kirk E Anderson
- Carl Hayden Bee Research Center, USDA-ARS, Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA
- Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Quinn S McFrederick
- Department of Entomology, University of California, 139 Entomology Building, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
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249
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Zheng P, Li Z, Zhou Z. Gut microbiome in type 1 diabetes: A comprehensive review. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2018; 34:e3043. [PMID: 29929213 PMCID: PMC6220847 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease, which is characterized by the destruction of islet β cells in the pancreas triggered by genetic and environmental factors. In past decades, extensive familial and genome-wide association studies have revealed more than 50 risk loci in the genome. However, genetic susceptibility cannot explain the increased incidence of T1D worldwide, which is very likely attributed by the growing impact of environmental factors, especially gut microbiome. Recently, the role of gut microbiome in the pathogenesis of T1D has been uncovered by the increasing evidence from both human subjects and animal models, strongly indicating that gut microbiome might be a pivotal hub of T1D-triggering factors, especially environmental factors. In this review, we summarize the current aetiological and mechanism studies of gut microbiome in T1D. A better understanding of the role of gut microbiome in T1D may provide us with powerful prognostic and therapeutic tools in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peilin Zheng
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of EducationNational Clinical Research Center for Metabolic DiseasesChangshaChina
| | - Zhixia Li
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of EducationNational Clinical Research Center for Metabolic DiseasesChangshaChina
| | - Zhiguang Zhou
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of EducationNational Clinical Research Center for Metabolic DiseasesChangshaChina
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250
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Hashemi Goradel N, Heidarzadeh S, Jahangiri S, Farhood B, Mortezaee K, Khanlarkhani N, Negahdari B. Fusobacterium nucleatumand colorectal cancer: A mechanistic overview. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:2337-2344. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nasser Hashemi Goradel
- Department of Medical BiotechnologySchool of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehran Iran
| | - Siamak Heidarzadeh
- Department of Microbiology and VirologyZanjan University of Medical SciencesZanjan Iran
| | - Samira Jahangiri
- Department of Bacteriology and VirologySchool of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesShiraz Iran
| | - Bagher Farhood
- Department of Medical Physics and RadiologyFaculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical SciencesKashan Iran
| | - Keywan Mortezaee
- Department of AnatomySchool of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical SciencesSanandaj Iran
| | - Neda Khanlarkhani
- Department of AnatomySchool of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehran Iran
| | - Babak Negahdari
- Department of Medical BiotechnologySchool of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehran Iran
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