201
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Leidy HJ, Gwin JA. Growing up strong: The importance of physical, mental, and emotional strength during childhood and adolescence with focus on dietary factors. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2020; 45:1071-1080. [PMID: 32650648 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2020-0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Childhood and adolescence are critical time periods for growth and development. Given the current physical and psychological health concerns affecting United States youth, an emerging area of interest exists supporting the importance of physical and psychological aspects of strength for health, resilience, and well-being through these life stages. This synopsis highlights the key concepts that were presented within the 2018 Strength Summit conference, entitled The Role of Strength in Optimal Health and Well-being. During the conference, strength was broadly defined as the ability to successfully respond to a challenge. Although much of the current research focuses on strength from a muscle function and performance perspective, mental and emotional strength are also important components of overall health and well-being, especially in children and adolescents. This paper provides a brief overview of the clinical and/or research-based strength outcomes, summarizes the relationship between strength and health, and discusses evidence-based dietary factors that promote strength in children and adolescents. Novelty Building physical, mental, and emotional strength during childhood and adolescence lays the foundation for health and well-being. Emerging evidence indicate positive associations between diet quality and strength in children and adolescents. Promising areas include the promotion of family-based meals, with focus on breakfast, for improved strength in United States youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather J Leidy
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA
| | - Jess A Gwin
- Military Nutrition Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA 01760, USA.,Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Belcamp, MD, USA
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202
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Prakash J, Chatterjee K, Srivastava K, Chauhan VS, Chail A. Role of various lifestyle and behavioral strategies in positive mental health across a preventive to therapeutic continuum. Ind Psychiatry J 2020; 29:185-190. [PMID: 34158700 PMCID: PMC8188916 DOI: 10.4103/ipj.ipj_126_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing interest in lifestyle and behavioral strategies not only in prevention but also in the management of psychiatric morbidity. Available literature in this direction was accessed, and the role of various lifestyle and behavioral factors was explored. There is strong evidence of the role of good sleep, nutritious diet, exercise, social connectedness, enhanced self-esteem, sense of purpose in life, resilience, mindfulness, and environmental mastery in the promotion of mental well-being and prevention and management of psychiatric disorders. There is a significant scope of lifestyle and behavioral intervention in ensuring positive mental health spanning from preventive to therapeutic dimension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Prakash
- Department of Psychiatry, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - K Chatterjee
- Department of Psychiatry, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - K Srivastava
- Department of Psychiatry, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - V S Chauhan
- Department of Psychiatry, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - A Chail
- Department of Psychiatry, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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203
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Drew RJ, Morgan PJ, Pollock ER, Young MD. Impact of male-only lifestyle interventions on men's mental health: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2020; 21:e13014. [PMID: 32181565 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Despite rising mental health problems worldwide, engaging men to seek mental health support is challenging. Male-only lifestyle interventions have shown promise for improving men's physical health, but the overall impact of these programs on psychological outcomes is unclear. This review aimed to evaluate the impact of male-only lifestyle interventions on men's mental health and to identify if any study or intervention features were associated with effectiveness. A systematic literature search with no date restrictions was conducted across four databases and returned 15 946 citations. Nine studies were eligible for inclusion, representing 1427 participants. Risk of bias was generally low across studies, although none were specifically powered to detect changes in mental health. Overall, significant group-by-time effects were reported for 26% of mental health outcomes examined. In the fixed-effects meta-analyses, small-to-medium intervention effects were observed for mental health-related quality of life (SMD = 0.24), self-esteem (SMD = 0.51), and positive affect (SMD = 0.58). Insights into effective study or intervention features were limited because of the low number of heterogeneous studies. Although male-only lifestyle interventions have improved men's mental health in some circumstances, studies that are specifically powered to detect long-term changes are urgently required, particularly in groups with pre-existing mental health concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Drew
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Education, Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Philip J Morgan
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Education, Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Emma R Pollock
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Education, Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Myles D Young
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Education, Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
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204
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Bear TLK, Dalziel JE, Coad J, Roy NC, Butts CA, Gopal PK. The Role of the Gut Microbiota in Dietary Interventions for Depression and Anxiety. Adv Nutr 2020; 11:890-907. [PMID: 32149335 PMCID: PMC7360462 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is emerging evidence that an unhealthy dietary pattern may increase the risk of developing depression or anxiety, whereas a healthy dietary pattern may decrease it. This nascent research suggests that dietary interventions could help prevent, or be an alternative or adjunct therapy for, depression and anxiety. The relation, however, is complex, affected by many confounding variables, and is also likely to be bidirectional, with dietary choices being affected by stress and depression. This complexity is reflected in the data, with sometimes conflicting results among studies. As the research evolves, all characteristics of the relation need to be considered to ensure that we obtain a full understanding, which can potentially be translated into clinical practice. A parallel and fast-growing body of research shows that the gut microbiota is linked with the brain in a bidirectional relation, commonly termed the microbiome-gut-brain axis. Preclinical evidence suggests that this axis plays a key role in the regulation of brain function and behavior. In this review we discuss possible reasons for the conflicting results in diet-mood research, and present examples of areas of the diet-mood relation in which the gut microbiota is likely to be involved, potentially explaining some of the conflicting results from diet and depression studies. We argue that because diet is one of the most significant factors that affects human gut microbiota structure and function, nutritional intervention studies need to consider the gut microbiota as an essential piece of the puzzle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey L K Bear
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Julie E Dalziel
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- AgResearch Ltd Grasslands Research Centre, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Jane Coad
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Nicole C Roy
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- AgResearch Ltd Grasslands Research Centre, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Christine A Butts
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Pramod K Gopal
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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205
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Mediterranean Diet and the Emotional Well-Being of Students of the Campus of Melilla (University of Granada). Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061826. [PMID: 32575368 PMCID: PMC7353387 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A certain link exists between the consumption of particular groups of food and well-being. In this study, we analyzed in depth the relationship between strict adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and emotional well-being through a descriptive, exploratory, transversal, and correlational study of students from the Campus of Melilla, University of Granada, Spain. The sample consisted of 272 individuals. Adherence to the MD was measured with the PREvención con DIetaMEDiterránea (PREDIMED) questionnaire, emotional well-being (both positive and negative affection) with the Spanish version of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), the state of perceived health with the Short Form-36 (SF36), and the degree of physical activity using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF). A strict adherence to the MD was found to be significantly related to positive emotional state (β = 0.018, p = 0.009). The perceived state of health (β = 0.192, p < 0.001), mental role (β = 0.346, p < 0.001), and physical activity (β = 0.155, p = 0.007) were found to be predictive factors of a positive emotional state. Conversely, the relationship between the adherence to the MD and a negative emotional state was not significant. Various components of the MD were found to be independently connected to well-being. The results suggest that adopting a nutritional pattern such as the MD is linked to an improvement in emotional well-being.
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206
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Rosi A, Tesan M, Cremonini A, Biasini B, Bicchieri L, Cossu M, Brighenti F, Dall'Aglio E, Scazzina F. Body weight of individuals with obesity decreases after a 6-month high pasta or low pasta Mediterranean diet weight-loss intervention. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 30:984-995. [PMID: 32402585 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The effect of pasta consumption within a low-energy Mediterranean diet on body weight regulation has been scarcely explored. This paper investigates the effect of two Mediterranean diets, which differed for lower or higher pasta intake, on body weight change in individuals with obesity. METHODS & RESULTS Forty-nine volunteers finished a quasi-experimental 6-month two-parallel group dietary intervention. Participants were assigned to a low-energy high pasta (HP) or to a low-energy low Pasta (LP) group on the basis of their pasta intake (HP ≥ 5 or LP ≤ 3 times/week). Anthropometrics, blood pressure and heart rate were measured every month. Weight maintenance was checked at month 12. Body composition (bioelectrical impedance analysis, BIA), food intake (24-h recall plus a 7-day carbohydrate record) and the perceived quality of life (36-item short-form health survey, SF-36) were assessed at baseline, 3 and 6 months. Blood samples were collected at baseline and month 6 to assess glucose and lipid metabolism. After 6-month intervention, body weight reduction was -10 ± 8% and -7 ± 4% in HP and LP diet, respectively, and it remained similar at month 12. Both dietary interventions improved anthropometric parameters, body composition, glucose and lipid metabolism, but no significant differences were observed between treatment groups. No differences were observed for blood pressure and heart rate between treatments and among times. HP diet significantly improved perception of quality of life for the physical component. CONCLUSIONS Independent of pasta consumption frequency, low-energy Mediterranean diets were successful in improving anthropometrics, physiological parameters and dietary habits after a 6-month weight-loss intervention. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03341650.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Rosi
- Department of Food & Drugs, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Margherita Tesan
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | | | - Lorenza Bicchieri
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Marta Cossu
- Department of Food & Drugs, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Furio Brighenti
- Department of Food & Drugs, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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207
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Donoso F, Egerton S, Bastiaanssen TFS, Fitzgerald P, Gite S, Fouhy F, Ross RP, Stanton C, Dinan TG, Cryan JF. Polyphenols selectively reverse early-life stress-induced behavioural, neurochemical and microbiota changes in the rat. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2020; 116:104673. [PMID: 32334345 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing emphasis on the role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis as modulator of host behaviour and as therapeutic target for neuropsychiatric disorders. In addition, accumulating evidence suggests that early-life stress can exert long-lasting changes on the brain and microbiota, and this early adversity is associated with increased risk for developing depression in later life. The maternal separation (MS) model in rats is a robust paradigm to study the effects of early-life stress on the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Recently, we have shown that polyphenols, naturally occurring compounds associated with several health benefits, have anti-stress effects in in vitro models. In this study, we assess the therapeutic potential of a variety of both flavonoid and non-flavonoid polyphenols in reversing the impact of MS on behaviour and the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Rats underwent a dietary intervention with the naturally-derived polyphenols xanthohumol and quercetin, as well as with a phlorotannin extract for 8 weeks. Treatment with polyphenols prevented the depressive- and anxiety-like behaviours induced by MS, where xanthohumol effects were correlated with rescue of BDNF plasma levels. In addition, MS resulted in altered brain levels of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and dopamine, accompanied by abnormal elevation of plasma corticosterone. Although polyphenols did not reverse neurotransmitter imbalance, xanthohumol normalised corticosterone levels in MS rats. Finally, we explored the impact of MS and polyphenolic diets on the gut microbiota. We observed profound changes in microbial composition and diversity produced by MS condition and by xanthohumol treatment. Moreover, functional prediction analysis revealed that MS results in altered enrichment of pathways associated with microbiota-brain interactions that are significantly reversed by xanthohumol treatment. These results suggest that naturally-derived polyphenols exert antidepressant-like effects in MS rats, which mechanisms could be potentially mediated by HPA regulation, BDNF levels rescue and modulation of the microbiota-gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Donoso
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry & Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sian Egerton
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Science, University College, Cork, Ireland
| | - Thomaz F S Bastiaanssen
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy & Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Patrick Fitzgerald
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy & Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Snehal Gite
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Fiona Fouhy
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - R Paul Ross
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Catherine Stanton
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Timothy G Dinan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry & Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - John F Cryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy & Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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208
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Tan SJ, Ismail IS. Potency of Selected Berries, Grapes, and Citrus Fruit as Neuroprotective Agents. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2020; 2020:3582947. [PMID: 32565853 PMCID: PMC7277024 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3582947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A healthy diet should nourish the brain with essential nutrients, including bioactive compounds, for normal brain functioning and to protect it from the negative effects of inflammation and oxidative stress. In this review, a concise summation of the protective effects of selected fruits, namely, berries, grapes, and citrus fruits, against neurological disorder is presented. The focus is on the neuroprotective potential of these fruits against neurodegenerative and mental disorders. The fruits selection was based on the vast reported pharmacological studies on their neuroprotection efficacies. Hence, the respective knowledge and limitations are discussed based on the biological and pharmacological evidence compiled from the previously reported laboratory, epidemiology, and intervention trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih Jen Tan
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43000 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Intan Safinar Ismail
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43000 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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209
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Sangsefidi ZS, Mirzaei M, Hosseinzadeh M. The relation between dietary intakes and psychological disorders in Iranian adults: a population-based study. BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:257. [PMID: 32448207 PMCID: PMC7247222 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02678-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies showed an association between dietary intakes and psychological disorders. This study aimed to assess the association between dietary intakes and psychiatric disorders in Iran. METHODS In this cross sectional research, the data on 9965 adults were extracted from enrollment phase of Yazd Health Study (YaHS); a population-based cohort study on Iranian adults which was conducted during 2014 to 2016. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, tobacco use, history of chronic disease, and dietary assessment were collected using a validated researcher-made questionnaire. Moreover, anthropometric measurement was conducted. Psychological and physical activity assessments were also performed by depression, anxiety and stress scale questionnaire (DASS 21 items) and the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) respectively. Finally, multiple logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate relation between dietary intakes and psychological disorders. RESULTS After adjusting for the confounders, egg (depression: OR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.52-0.98; anxiety: OR = 0.72, CI: 0.55-0.94), fruits (depression: OR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.43-0.82; anxiety: OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.53-0.91), milk (depression: OR = 0.72, CI: 0.58-0.89; anxiety: OR = 0.73, CI: 0.61-0.87), and yogurt (depression: OR = 0.67, CI: 0.47-0.97; anxiety: OR = 0.54, CI: 0.4-0.73) were found to have protective effects on depression and anxiety. Higher fish consumption was associated with greater depression odds (OR = 1.54, CI: 1.18-2.04). Vegetables' intake had an inverse relationship with anxiety (OR = 0.74, CI = 0.58-0.93) and stress (OR = 0.59, CI: 0.42-0.82). Fruits (OR = 0.6, CI: 0.43-0.85) and milk consumption (OR: 0.61, CI: 0.47-0.77) were found to have protective effects on stress. CONCLUSIONS Egg, fruits, milk, yogurt, and vegetables' consumption had an inverse relationship with psychiatric disorders; whereas, higher fish intake was associated with higher depression chance. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Sadat Sangsefidi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Masoud Mirzaei
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Centre, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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210
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The association between antioxidant intake, dietary pattern and depressive symptoms in older Australian men: the Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project. Eur J Nutr 2020; 60:443-454. [PMID: 32385686 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02255-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objectives of the study were to evaluate the associations between antioxidant intake, dietary patterns and depressive symptoms among older men. METHOD 794 men participated in a detailed diet history interview at the Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project 3rd wave (considered baseline nutrition) and 781 men participated at the 4th wave (considered 3-year follow-up). Depressive symptoms were measured using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS ≥ 5). Dietary adequacy of antioxidant intake was assessed by comparing participants' median intake of vitamin A, E, C and zinc to the Nutrient Reference Values for Australia. Attainment of NRVs of antioxidant was categorised into a dichotomised variable 'poor' (meeting ≤ 2) or 'good' (meeting ≥ 3). Individual antioxidant nutrient was categorised into quartiles. The Australian and Mediterranean diet scores were assessed as predictor variables. RESULTS The prevalence of GDS ≥ 5 was 12.8% at baseline nutrition and 13.2% of men developed GDS ≥ 5 at a 3-year follow-up. There was a significant cross-sectional association between poor antioxidant intake and GDS ≥ 5 in adjusted analyses [OR: 1.95 (95% CI 1.03, 3.70)]. Poor antioxidant intake at baseline nutrition remained prospectively associated with incident GDS ≥ 5 [OR: 2.46 (95% CI 1.24, 4.88)] in adjusted analyses. This association was also found for the lowest quartile of zinc [OR 2.72 (95% CI 1.37, 5.42)] and vitamin E intake [OR 2.18 (95% CI 1.05, 4.51)]. None of the other antioxidants and dietary patterns had a significant association with incident depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION Inadequacy of antioxidant intake, particularly zinc and vitamin E, is associated with increased risk of clinically significant depressive symptoms in older men.
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211
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Latalova K, Sery O, Hosakova K, Hosak L. Gene-Environment Interactions in Major Mental Disorders in the Czech Republic. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2020; 16:1147-1156. [PMID: 32440130 PMCID: PMC7212780 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s238522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental disorders affect about one-third of the human population, are typically chronic and significantly decrease the quality of life. Presently, the treatment of mental illnesses is far from adequate with a substantial proportion of the patients being pharmacoresistant and suffering from relapses. One of the reasons for this complicated situation is that we do not precisely know about the causes of mental disorders, so their treatment cannot be causal. The etiology of a mental disorder is typically based on a combination of molecular (genetic) and environmental factors. AIM The aim of the project is to discover the gene-environment interactions (GxE) in a wide spectrum of mental disorders. METHODS The design of our study is innovative in the sense that we intend to study large groups of associated mental disorders as a whole instead of in isolation. This would enable us to map out the possible environmental causal factors in detail in relation to their character, magnitude and timing. The project also allows a study of genetics (including epigenetics and microbiomes) as well as the environment simultaneously. We plan on involving three study groups: the first group are patients suffering from schizophrenia or a mood disorder such as major depression, recurrent depressive disorder and bipolar affective disorder; the second group of patients have anxiety disorders; and the third group are healthy volunteers from the general population who are genetically unrelated. All of the study subjects will undergo the following assessments: a psychiatric examination, the identification of stressful life events with the aid of a questionnaire, the examination of their reaction to stress, genetic and epigenetic (microRNA) assessments and the analysis of oral and gut microbiome. CONCLUSION We expect that some of the genetic as well as environmental factors in the studied mental disorders are shared, while some others are specific. We also expect that the GxE (gene-environment interaction) in schizophrenic and affective disorders will be different from the GxE in anxiety disorders and that the GxE in the studied mental disorders will differ generally from the GxE in healthy volunteers. Our results can help in the prevention and individualized treatment of a range of mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara Latalova
- Department of Psychiatry, Palacky University Olomouc, School of Medicine and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Omar Sery
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Pathological Physiology, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Hosakova
- Department of Psychiatry, Charles University, School of Medicine in Hradec Kralove and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Hosak
- Department of Psychiatry, Charles University, School of Medicine in Hradec Kralove and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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Opie RS, Uldrich AC, Ball K. Maternal Postpartum Diet and Postpartum Depression: A Systematic Review. Matern Child Health J 2020; 24:966-978. [DOI: 10.1007/s10995-020-02949-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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213
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Gómez-Gómez I, Bellón JÁ, Resurrección DM, Cuijpers P, Moreno-Peral P, Rigabert A, Maderuelo-Fernández JÁ, Motrico E. Effectiveness of universal multiple-risk lifestyle interventions in reducing depressive symptoms: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Prev Med 2020; 134:106067. [PMID: 32194097 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Though many studies have explored the association between single-risk lifestyle interventions and depression, unhealthy lifestyle factors often co-occur, with adults engaging in two or more risk behaviours. To date, little is known about the effectiveness of universal multiple-risk lifestyle interventions to reduce depressive symptoms. We conducted a SR/MA to assess the effectiveness of universal multiple-risk lifestyle interventions (by promoting a healthy diet, physical activity and/or smoking cessation) to reduce depressive symptoms in adults. We searched MEDLINE, Scopus, CENTRAL, PsycINFO, WOS, OpenGrey, the ICTRP and other sources from inception to 16 September 2019. We selected only randomized controlled trials, with no restrictions on language or setting. Our outcome was the reduction of depressive symptoms. We calculated the standardized mean difference using random-effect models. Sensitivity, sub-group and meta-regression analyses were performed. Of the 9386 abstracts reviewed, 311 were selected for full-text review. Of these, 23 RCTs met the inclusion criteria, including 7558 patients from four continents. Twenty RCTs provided valid data for inclusion in the meta-analysis. The pooled SMD was -0.184 (95% CI, -0.311 to -0.057; p = 0.005). We found no publication bias, but heterogeneity was substantial (I2 = 72%; 95% CI: 56% to 82%). The effectiveness disappeared when only studies with a low risk of bias were included. The quality of evidence according GRADE was low. Although a small preventive effect was found, the substantial heterogeneity and RCTs with lower risk of bias suggested no effectiveness of universal multiple-risk lifestyle interventions in reducing depressive symptoms in a varied adult population. Further evidence is required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan Á Bellón
- Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network (redIAPP), ISCIII, Spain; Research Unit of the Health District of Primary Care Málaga-Guadalhorce, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA) Málaga, Spain; El Palo Health Centre, Andalusian Health Service (SAS), Málaga, Spain; Department of Public Health and Psychiatry, University of Málaga (UMA), Spain.
| | | | - Pim Cuijpers
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Development Psychology, Section of Clinical Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Patricia Moreno-Peral
- Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network (redIAPP), ISCIII, Spain; Research Unit of the Health District of Primary Care Málaga-Guadalhorce, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA) Málaga, Spain.
| | - Alina Rigabert
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Spain.
| | - José Ángel Maderuelo-Fernández
- Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network (redIAPP), ISCIII, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Primary Health Care Research Unit, La Alamedilla Health Center, Health Service of Castilla y León (SACyL), Spain.
| | - Emma Motrico
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Spain; Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network (redIAPP), ISCIII, Spain.
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Phojanakong P, Welles S, Dugan J, Booshehri L, Brown Weida E, Chilton M. Trauma-Informed Financial Empowerment Programming Improves Food Security Among Families With Young Children. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2020; 52:465-473. [PMID: 32389241 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2020.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine how trauma-informed programming affects household food insecurity (HFI) over 12 months. DESIGN Change was assessed in HFI from baseline to 12 months in response to a single-arm cohort intervention. Measures were taken at baseline and in every quarter. Two participant groups were compared: participation in ≥4 sessions (full participation) vs participation in <4 sessions (low/no participation). SETTING Community-based setting in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. PARTICIPANTS A total of 372 parents of children aged <6 years, participating in Temporary Assistance for Needy Families and the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, recruited from county assistance offices and community-based settings. INTERVENTION Trauma-informed programming incorporates healing-centered approaches to address previous exposures to trauma. Sixteen sessions addressed emotional management, social and family dynamics related to violence exposure and childhood adversity, and financial skills. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Household food insecurity, as defined by the US Department of Agriculture Household Food Security Survey Module. ANALYSIS Mixed-effects logistic regression models were used to compare groups from baseline to 12 months, controlling for adverse childhood experiences, depression, and public assistance. RESULTS Those with full participation had 55% lower odds of facing HFI compared with the low/no participation group (adjusted odds ratio = 0.45; 95% confidence interval, 0.22-0.90). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Trauma-informed programming can reduce the odds of HFI and may reduce trauma-related symptoms associated with depression and poverty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pam Phojanakong
- Department of Epidemiology, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Seth Welles
- Department of Epidemiology, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jerome Dugan
- Department of Health Services, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Layla Booshehri
- Department of Health Services, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Emily Brown Weida
- Department of Health Management and Policy, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Mariana Chilton
- Department of Health Management and Policy, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA.
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215
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Aucoin M, Bhardwaj S. Major Depressive Disorder and Food Hypersensitivity: A Case Report. Neuropsychobiology 2020; 78:249-255. [PMID: 31600757 DOI: 10.1159/000502963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common chronic mental health condition and not all patients respond to pharmacotherapy. Increasing evidence suggests that dietary choices play a role in the pathogenesis of mental illness and serve as modifiable factors with utility in the treatment of these disorders. Although many mechanisms are being explored, one area of study is the role of food hypersensitivity reactions in mental health conditions. CASE PRESENTATION This article reports on a 34-year-old female patient with MDD whose symptoms improved in response to a dietary intervention involving the elimination of common food allergens. Reintroduction of the foods on several occasions was associated with a worsening of mood symptoms. Serum IgG testing reported results consistent with the reintroduction challenge. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Hypothesized mechanisms underlying the potential relationship between food hypersensitivity and MDD are presented. Further research in this area is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Aucoin
- Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,
| | - Sukriti Bhardwaj
- Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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216
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Shakya PR, Melaku YA, Page AJ, Gill TK. Nutrient patterns and depressive symptoms among Australian adults. Eur J Nutr 2020; 60:329-343. [PMID: 32328747 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02243-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Much of the current literature on the associations between diet and depression focus on single nutrients rather than nutrient patterns (NPs). We investigated the association between NPs and depressive symptoms (DepS) in an Australian adult population. METHODS DepS were examined at two different time points, in 2010 (Stage 3, n = 1743, 49.0% males) and 2015 [North West 2015 (NW15), n = 1,024, 46.6% males] of the North West Adelaide Health Study (NWAHS). Dietary habits were evaluated using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) at Stage 3. DepS were assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) scale at Stage 3 and NW15. Principal component analysis was used to identify NPs as well as the factor structure of the CES-D. Log- and negative binomial regression analyses were used to assess the association between NPs and DepS scores. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was undertaken between the NPs and identified factors of the CES-D score. RESULTS Three NPs (from the FFQ) and two-factors (from the CES-D score) were obtained. After adjusting for known confounding variables, a 'plant-sourced' NP (β-carotene, fibre, vitamin C, potassium and α-carotene) was inversely associated with DepS at Stage 3 [prevalence ratio (PR)Q4VsQ1, 0.78; 95% CI 0.66-0.92; p = 0.003], whereas an 'animal-sourced' (ω-3 fatty acid, monounsaturated fat, vitamin E and cholesterol) or 'mixed-source' (phosphorous, protein, vitamin B2, iodine and zinc) NP was not associated with DepS. There was an inverse relationship between the 'plant-sourced' NP and the '(absence of) positive-affect' factor from the CES-D in both stages. CONCLUSION The 'plant-sourced' NP is consistently and inversely associated with DepS; however, longitudinal studies are recommended to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prem R Shakya
- Vagal Afferent Research Group, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, SA, Australia.,Diabetes, Nutrition and Gut Health, Lifelong Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, 5005, SA, Australia
| | - Yohannes A Melaku
- Adelaide Institute for Sleep Health, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, 5042, SA, Australia
| | - Amanda J Page
- Vagal Afferent Research Group, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, SA, Australia.,Diabetes, Nutrition and Gut Health, Lifelong Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, 5005, SA, Australia
| | - Tiffany K Gill
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, SA, Australia.
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217
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Opie RS, Ball K, Abbott G, Crawford D, Teychenne M, McNaughton SA. Adherence to the Australian dietary guidelines and development of depressive symptoms at 5 years follow-up amongst women in the READI cohort study. Nutr J 2020; 19:30. [PMID: 32276594 PMCID: PMC7149932 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-020-00540-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is the single largest contributor to global disability. There is growing evidence that a healthy diet is associated with reduced depression risk. However, beyond the Mediterranean diet, few longitudinal studies have explored the relationship between adherence to national dietary guidelines and depression. Hence, this study investigates the relationship between adherence to Australian Dietary Guidelines and depressive symptoms. METHODS Data was drawn from the READI longitudinal study, a prospective cohort study of socioeconomically disadvantaged Australian women. This analysis includes a sub-sample of 837 women. A generalized linear model was used to explore whether baseline diet (assessed using the Dietary Guideline Index (DGI-2013; score range 0 to 85)) was associated with risk of developing depressive symptoms (measured by the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D)) at 5 years follow-up, whilst adjusting for potential confounders. A fixed-effects model was used to assess associations between concurrent changes in diet quality and depressive symptoms from baseline to 5 years follow-up. RESULTS An association between baseline diet quality and risk of developing depressive symptoms at follow-up was observed, where a 10 unit increase in DGI-2013 score was associated with an estimated 12% lower risk of developing heightened depressive symptoms (RR = 0.875, 95%CI 0.784 to 0.978, p = 0.018). The fixed-effects model indicated that an increase in DGI score over 5 years follow-up was associated with a lower (improved) CES-D score (B = -0.044, 95% CI - 0.08 to - 0.01, p = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS Our results provide evidence that better adherence to the Australian Dietary Guidelines may result in improved depressive symptoms. The growing high-quality evidence regarding the diet-depression relationship provides us with a rationale for developing strategies for supporting dietary behaviour change programs to lower depression rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachelle S. Opie
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC 3125 Australia
| | - Kylie Ball
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC 3125 Australia
| | - Gavin Abbott
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC 3125 Australia
| | - David Crawford
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC 3125 Australia
| | - Megan Teychenne
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC 3125 Australia
| | - Sarah A. McNaughton
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC 3125 Australia
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218
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Romito BT, Okoro EN, Ringqvist JRB, Goff KL. Burnout and Wellness: The Anesthesiologist's Perspective. Am J Lifestyle Med 2020; 15:118-125. [PMID: 33786030 DOI: 10.1177/1559827620911645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Burnout syndrome results from unmanaged chronic workplace stress. It is characterized by emotional exhaustion, lack of a sense of personal accomplishment, and depersonalization. Burnout is associated with the development of poor work-related outcomes, mental health disorders, substance abuse, and cardiovascular disease. Burnout in physicians and other health care providers can negatively affect patient care. The prevalence of burnout in anesthesiology is among the highest of all medical specialties, with rates approaching 40%. Unique risk factors for the development of burnout in anesthesiologists may include environmental social isolation, long work hours, lack of control over one's career, and the presence of certain personality traits that select for a career in anesthesia. System-based interventions targeting workplace contributions to burnout and individual resilience and mindfulness training can be helpful in reducing burnout symptoms. Future research efforts examining both the health care environmental structure and the specific burnout risk factors for anesthesiologists will help produce targeted treatment strategies for members of the anesthesiology community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan T Romito
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Ejike N Okoro
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Jenny R B Ringqvist
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Kristina L Goff
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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219
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Fond G, Young AH, Godin O, Messiaen M, Lançon C, Auquier P, Boyer L. Improving diet for psychiatric patients : High potential benefits and evidence for safety. J Affect Disord 2020; 265:567-569. [PMID: 31757621 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.11.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychonutrition, i.e. the impact of diet on mental health, is an emerging field of psychiatry. OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present letter was to highlight recent findings in the field to guide nutritional interventions in psychiatry. METHOD An overview of the most recent meta-analyses in the field of psychonutrition in severe mental disorders has been carried out. RESULTS The Mediterranean diet showed the best evidence for effectiveness in diminishing the incidence of depressive symptomatology Complementary agents were found to be associated with lower depression levels (even in psychiatric populations): omegas 3 fatty acids, vitamin D, methylfolate and S-adenosylmethionine, all being found in high rates in the Mediterranean diet. The Healthy Eating Index (HEI) has also been found to be associated with lower depression. Moreover, major depression has been associated with inflammatory disturbances and a diet with a low Dietary Inflammatory Index has also been shown to be associated with lower depression. These effects may be mediated by microbiota modifications and probiotic supplementation has been recently shown to be effective in the treatment of depression. A high protein diet may also be particularly useful in psychiatry. The high protein diet has shown effectiveness in weight loss and increasing satiety with no evidence for deleterious effects in subjects without chronic conditions like renal failure, diabetes or cardiovascular disease. A reduction of 20% of calorific intake +/- intermittent fasting (i.e. fasting for 12 to 16 h per day) may also improve microbiota and therefore psychiatric conditions. CONCLUSION In light of these findings, diet modifications appear to be an underutilized tool with which to improve the mental and physical health of psychiatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Fond
- Marseille Univ, Faculté de Médecine - Secteur Timone, EA 3279: CEReSS - Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur les Services de Santé et la Qualité de vie, Hôpital La Conception, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France.
| | - Allan H Young
- Centre for Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London and South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Morgan Messiaen
- Marseille Univ, Faculté de Médecine - Secteur Timone, EA 3279: CEReSS - Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur les Services de Santé et la Qualité de vie, Hôpital La Conception, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Christophe Lançon
- Marseille Univ, Faculté de Médecine - Secteur Timone, EA 3279: CEReSS - Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur les Services de Santé et la Qualité de vie, Hôpital La Conception, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Pascal Auquier
- Marseille Univ, Faculté de Médecine - Secteur Timone, EA 3279: CEReSS - Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur les Services de Santé et la Qualité de vie, Hôpital La Conception, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Laurent Boyer
- Marseille Univ, Faculté de Médecine - Secteur Timone, EA 3279: CEReSS - Centre d'Etude et de Recherche sur les Services de Santé et la Qualité de vie, Hôpital La Conception, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
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220
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Rashidi Pour Fard N, Amirabdollahian F, Haghighatdoost F. Dietary patterns and frailty: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2020; 77:498-513. [PMID: 31038679 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuz007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Assessing the relationship between single nutrients and frailty fails to take into consideration the interactions between nutrients. An increasing number of investigations in recent years have evaluated the association between dietary patterns and frailty. OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to summarize the association between dietary patterns and frailty. DATA SOURCES PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched for epidemiological studies published up to April 2018 that assessed the association between dietary patterns and frailty. STUDY SELECTION Cohort or cross-sectional studies that examined dietary patterns via an a priori or an a posteriori method in relation to risk of frailty without considering any specific age range were included. Studies were excluded if they examined single nutrients, single foods, or single food groups. DATA EXTRACTION Pooled effect sizes of eligible studies and their corresponding 95%CIs were estimated using random-effects models. When publication bias was present, trim and fill analysis was conducted to adjust the pooled effect. RESULTS A total of 13 studies with 15 effect sizes were identified. Results from 9 cohort and cross-sectional studies were included in the meta-analysis. Higher adherence to a healthy dietary pattern was associated with lower odds of frailty (odds ratio = 0.69; 95%CI, 0.57-0.84; P < 0.0001; I2 =92.1%; P for heterogeneity < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that a diet high in fruit, vegetables, and whole grains may be associated with reduced risk of frailty. Nevertheless, additional longitudinal studies are needed to confirm the association of dietary patterns with frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fahimeh Haghighatdoost
- Department of Community Nutrition and the Food Security Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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221
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Yosaee S, Soltani S, Esteghamati A, Motevalian SA, Tehrani-Doost M, Clark CC, Jazayeri S. Effects of zinc, vitamin D, and their co-supplementation on mood, serum cortisol, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in patients with obesity and mild to moderate depressive symptoms: A phase II, 12-wk, 2 × 2 factorial design, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Nutrition 2020; 71:110601. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2019.110601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Gialluisi A, Bonaccio M, Di Castelnuovo A, Costanzo S, De Curtis A, Sarchiapone M, Cerletti C, Donati MB, de Gaetano G, Iacoviello L. Lifestyle and biological factors influence the relationship between mental health and low-grade inflammation. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 85:4-13. [PMID: 31055172 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mental health modulates the risk of common chronic conditions. Although inflammation is thought to partly explain this link, its relation with mental health is still unclear and largely unexplored. We investigated three scales assessing psychological resilience (CD-RISC), depression symptoms (PHQ9-6) and mental wellbeing (SF36-MCS) in an Italian adult population cohort (Nmax = 16,952). This showed a slightly higher frequency of men, more educated and younger participants, compared to samples with incomplete questionnaires. We performed stepwise generalized linear models to test the association between each scale and INFLA-score, a composite blood-based inflammation index. At each step, a class of potential mediators was included in the model, namely health conditions, lifestyle factors, or both (full model). Full model analysis was also conducted on single blood markers involved in the inflammatory process. In the baseline model, we observed significant associations of PHQ9-6 (standardized β(SE) = 0.024(0.009), p = 8.9 × 10-3) and SF36-MCS (β(SE) = -0.021(0.008), p = 7 × 10-3) with INFLA-score. These associations survived adjustment for health conditions but not for lifestyle factors, which explained 81% and 17% of the association with PHQ9-6 and SF36-MCS. Significant associations (p < 4.2 × 10-3) after mediator adjustment were observed for single low-grade inflammation markers, including platelet distribution width (with PHQ9-6 and CD-RISC), granulocyte- and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios, monocyte and lymphocyte fractions (with SF36-MCS). After imputation of missing data, we observed substantially consistent associations. These findings suggest that the relationship between mental health and low-grade inflammation is largely influenced by lifestyle. However, the associations with specific biomarkers related to inflammation are partly independent and might be explained by biological factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gialluisi
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Pozzilli, Italy.
| | - M Bonaccio
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Pozzilli, Italy
| | | | - S Costanzo
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - A De Curtis
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - M Sarchiapone
- Department of Medicine and Health Science, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy; National Institute of Migration and Poverty, Via San Gallicano, Roma, Italy; Medical University of Almaty, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - C Cerletti
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - M B Donati
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - G de Gaetano
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - L Iacoviello
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Pozzilli, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
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Association between dietary protein intake and the risk of depressive symptoms in adults. Br J Nutr 2020; 123:1290-1301. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520000562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AbstractDepression is an important public health problem. The aim of the study is to explore the associations of total protein intake and protein sources with the risk of depressive symptoms. This cross-sectional study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for the years 2007–2014. Dietary protein intake was obtained from two 24-h dietary recall interviews. Depressive symptoms were assessed by a nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire. Logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline models were used to estimate the associations of total protein intake (g/kg per d) and protein sources with the risk of depressive symptoms. A total of 17 845 individuals aged 18 years and older were included in this study. Total protein intake was inversely associated with the risk of depressive symptoms. The full-adjusted OR of depressive symptoms was 0·34 (95 % CI 0·17, 0·68) for quartile (Q) 4 v. Q1 of total protein intake. For protein intake from milk and milk products, the association with depressive symptoms was significant both for Q2 v. Q1 (OR 0·61; 95 % CI 0·41, 0·93) and Q3 v. Q1 (OR 0·37; 95 % CI 0·24, 0·59) in the full-adjusted model. In the dose–response analysis, the shape of the associations of total protein intake and protein intake from milk and milk products with the risk of depressive symptoms was approximately L-shaped and U-shaped, respectively. The present study demonstrated that total protein intake and protein intake from milk and milk products might reduce the risk of depressive symptoms in US adults.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to update the physician community on current evidence regarding ways individuals can combat the rise in physician burnout. More than half of US physicians are experiencing at least some degree of burnout and the incidence has increased significantly over the past decade. RECENT FINDINGS Recent findings suggest practicing physical, mental, and emotional self-care are important factors in avoiding physician burnout. Current evidence demonstrates that physical exercise can improve mood, enhance one's ability to deal with stress, and promote high-quality sleep. New research in the field of nutritional psychiatry supports the association between diet and mental health. A recent study found that the risk of depression is lower in people who eat a diet high in fruits, vegetables, unprocessed grains, and low amounts of animal and dairy products. In addition, there is a growing body of evidence that practicing mindfulness meditation can help reduce the symptoms of physician burnout by reducing stress and improving physical and emotional well-being. SUMMARY The implications of decreasing physician burnout are improved patient safety, job retention, monetary savings, and better patient care.
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Burrows K, Stewart JL, Antonacci C, Kuplicki R, Thompson K, Taylor A, Teague TK, Paulus MP. Association of poorer dietary quality and higher dietary inflammation with greater symptom severity in depressed individuals with appetite loss. J Affect Disord 2020; 263:99-106. [PMID: 31818803 PMCID: PMC6989386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.11.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the leading cause of years lived with disability; however, little is known about its etiology to inform treatment. For a subset of MDD patients, appetite change and/or bodily inflammation may play a role in exacerbating symptoms. The goal of this study is to examine whether, relative to healthy comparisons (HC), MDD individuals with increased versus decreased appetite symptoms show a differential relationship between diet quality and inflammation. METHODS Unmedicated current MDD (n = 61) varying in appetite change (decrease (MDD-DE): n = 39; increase (MDD-IN): n = 22) and HC (n = 42) completed 24-hour dietary recall and state depression/anxiety measures. Healthy eating and dietary inflammatory indices were calculated from dietary reports. Blood samples measured five inflammation-related biomarkers. Analyses investigated between- and within-group differences in the Healthy Eating Index (HEI), the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), inflammation-related blood biomarkers, and symptom severity. RESULTS While both MDD-DE and MDD-IN exhibited lower HEI scores than HC, only MDD-IN showed higher plasma interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels than HC. In contrast, MDD-DE exhibited higher DII scores than MDD-IN and HC. Within MDD-DE, greater symptom severity was associated with lower HEI and higher DII. LIMITATIONS Modest sample sizes and the cross-sectional study design limited power to detect within-MDD effects. CONCLUSIONS Although MDD, regardless of appetite change, is linked to poorer dietary quality, depression severity was related to dietary characteristics only in subjects who reported appetite loss. Thus, increasing the quality of dietary intake could be a treatment target for some individuals with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiping Burrows
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States
| | | | - Chase Antonacci
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States; Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Rayus Kuplicki
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States
| | - Katie Thompson
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States
| | - Ashlee Taylor
- Integrative Immunology Center, School of Community Medicine, The University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, OK, United States
| | - T Kent Teague
- Integrative Immunology Center, School of Community Medicine, The University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, OK, United States; Departments of Surgery and Psychiatry, School of Community Medicine, The University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, OK, United States; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, The Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Oklahoma College of Pharmacy, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Martin P Paulus
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States.
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Khosravi M, Sotoudeh G, Amini M, Raisi F, Mansoori A, Hosseinzadeh M. The relationship between dietary patterns and depression mediated by serum levels of Folate and vitamin B12. BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:63. [PMID: 32054533 PMCID: PMC7020545 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-2455-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder is among main worldwide causes of disability. The low medication compliance rates in depressed patients as well as the high recurrence rate of the disease can bring up the nutrition-related factors as a potential preventive or treatment agent for depression. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between dietary patterns and depression via the intermediary role of the serum folate and vitamin B12, total homocysteine, tryptophan, and tryptophan/competing amino acids ratio. METHODS This was an individually matched case-control study in which 110 patients with depression and 220 healthy individuals, who completed a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire were recruited. We selected the depressed patients from three districts in Tehran through non-probable convenience sampling from which healthy individuals were selected, as well. The samples selection and data collection were performed during October 2012 to June 2013. In addition, to measure the serum biomarkers 43 patients with depression and 43 healthy people were randomly selected from the study population. To diagnose depression the criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition, were utilized. RESULTS The findings suggest that the healthy dietary pattern was significantly associated with a reduced odds of depression (OR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.61-0.93) whereas the unhealthy dietary pattern increased it (OR: 1.382, CI: 1.116-1.71). The mediation analysis showed that the healthy dietary pattern was associated with a reduced risk of depression via increased serum levels of the folate and vitamin B12; however, the unhealthy dietary pattern was associated with increased risk of depression via decreased serum levels of folate and vitamin B12, based on tree adjusted logistic regression models. CONCLUSION Dietary patterns may be associated with depression by changing the serum levels of folate and vitamin B12. Further studies are required to confirm the mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Khosravi
- grid.411583.a0000 0001 2198 6209Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran ,grid.464653.60000 0004 0459 3173Department of Public Health, North Khorasan University of medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Gity Sotoudeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Hojatdoost Street, Naderi Street, Keshavarz Blvd., Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Amini
- Department of Nutrition Research, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No. 7., Hafezi St., Farahzadi Blvd., Qods Town, 19395-4741, Tehran, 1981619573, Iran.
| | - Firoozeh Raisi
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Hospital and Psychiatry and Psychology Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anahita Mansoori
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Junishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Hosseinzadeh
- grid.412505.70000 0004 0612 5912Department of Nutrition, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Emerson JA, Caulfield LE, Kishimata EM, Nzanzu JP, Doocy S. Mental health symptoms and their relations with dietary diversity and nutritional status among mothers of young children in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:225. [PMID: 32054476 PMCID: PMC7020353 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-8092-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In developing countries, maternal mental health problems have been linked to sub-optimal child feeding practices and child underweight and stunting, but little is known about how maternal mental health is associated with mothers’ own diets and nutritional status. The objective of the study was to investigate the association between mental health symptoms and diet and nutritional status of mothers of young children in South Kivu, DR Congo. Methods Participants were 828 mothers of young children enrolled in a larger, quasi-experimental study evaluating a multi-year food security and nutrition project. The present analysis was conducted with cross-sectional data collected from 2015 to 2016. We assessed symptoms of anxiety and depression using the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ), using a four-point Likert scale. Mean scale scores were calculated ranging from one to four. A variable was created for high distress (participants scoring in the upper quartile of both measures). Dietary diversity scores were calculated from the number of food groups (range zero to ten) consumed the previous day, identified from an open recall. Nutritional status was measured by body mass index (BMI) and underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2, or mid-upper arm circumference < 23 cm for pregnant women). Bivariate and multivariate (adjusting for parent study intervention group, education, age, health, parity, livelihoods zone, and territory of origin) regression analyses were conducted. Results Maternal mental health measures were positively and statistically significantly associated with higher dietary diversity scores in adjusted analyses (HSCL-25: ß= 0.18, p = 0.002, HTQ: ß= 0.12, p = 0.029, High Distress: ß= 0.47, p < 0.001). Mental health symptoms were not significantly associated with BMI (HSCL-25: ß = − 0.04, p = 0.824; HTQ: ß = 0.02, p = 0.913; High distress: ß= − 0.02, p = 0.938) or underweight (HSCL 25: OR = 0.91, p = 0.640; HTQ: OR = 1.03, p = 0.866; High distress: OR = 0.78, p = 0.489). Conclusions More severe maternal mental health symptoms were associated with higher dietary diversity but not nutritional status, and the reasons for these findings are not clear from available data. More research is needed to identify underlying factors that could influence mental health symptomatology and diet quality among food insecure and extremely resource-limited populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian A Emerson
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Laura E Caulfield
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | | | - Jean-Pierre Nzanzu
- Adventist Development and Relief Agency, Uvira, South Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Shannon Doocy
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
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Bakian AV, Huber RS, Scholl L, Renshaw PF, Kondo D. Dietary creatine intake and depression risk among U.S. adults. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:52. [PMID: 32066709 PMCID: PMC7026167 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-0741-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Creatine monohydrate is actively being researched for its antidepressant effects, yet little is known about the link between dietary creatine and depression risk. This study examines the association between dietary creatine and depression in U.S. adults, using data from the 2005 to 2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Patient health questionnaire, dietary creatine intake and covariates were obtained on 22,692 NHANES participants ≥20 years of age. Depression prevalence was calculated within quartiles of dietary creatine intake. Adjusted logistic regression models were formulated to determine the relationship between dietary creatine intake and depression risk. Additional covariates included income to poverty ratio, race/ethnicity, sex, age, education level, body mass index, healthcare access, smoking status, physical activity, and antidepressant/anxiolytic medication use. Models were further stratified by sex, age group, and antidepressant/anxiolytic medication use. Depression prevalence was 10.23/100 persons (95% CI: 8.64-11.83) among NHANES participants in the lowest quartile of dietary creatine intake compared with 5.98/100 persons (95% CI: 4.97-6.98) among participants in the highest quartile (p < 0.001). An inverse association was measured between dietary creatine and depression (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.52-0.88). Dietary creatine's negative association with depression was strongest in females (AOR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.40-0.98), participants aged 20-39 years (AOR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.34-0.79) and participants not taking antidepressant/anxiolytic medication (AOR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.43-0.77). Study results indicate a significant negative relationship between dietary creatine and depression in a nationally representative adult cohort. Further research is warranted to investigate the role creatine plays in depression, particularly among women and across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda V. Bakian
- grid.223827.e0000 0001 2193 0096Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT USA
| | - Rebekah S. Huber
- grid.223827.e0000 0001 2193 0096Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT USA
| | - Lindsay Scholl
- grid.223827.e0000 0001 2193 0096Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT USA
| | - Perry F. Renshaw
- grid.223827.e0000 0001 2193 0096Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT USA ,The Rocky Mountain Veterans Integrated Service Network 19 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Centers of Excellence, Salt Lake City, UT USA
| | - Douglas Kondo
- grid.223827.e0000 0001 2193 0096Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT USA ,The Rocky Mountain Veterans Integrated Service Network 19 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Centers of Excellence, Salt Lake City, UT USA
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Choda N, Wakai K, Naito M, Imaeda N, Goto C, Maruyama K, Kadomatsu Y, Tsukamoto M, Sasakabe T, Kubo Y, Okada R, Kawai S, Tamura T, Hishida A, Takeuchi K, Mori A, Hamajima N. Associations between diet and mental health using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire: cross-sectional and prospective analyses from the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study. Nutr J 2020; 19:2. [PMID: 31918726 PMCID: PMC6953463 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-019-0515-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mental health has become a major public health issue worldwide. Biological and epidemiological studies suggest diet has a role in the prevention or cure of mental disorders. However, further research is required to elucidate the relationship between diet and mental health. This study aimed to investigate associations between dietary intake of nutrients (macronutrients, vitamins, calcium, and fatty acids) and food groups (fish, meat and chicken, dairy products, and vegetables) and mental health among middle-aged Japanese in cross-sectional and prospective studies. Methods In total, 9298 men and women that participated in two areas of the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study were eligible for analysis at the baseline (cross-sectional) survey. Of these, 4701 participants were followed for about 5 years and included in the follow-up (prospective) analysis. The 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) was used to assess participants’ general mental health status over the past several weeks. The average intake of 46 foods over the past year was assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire. We also evaluated lifestyle and medical factors using a self-administered questionnaire. A cross-sectional logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate odds ratios for a GHQ score ≥ 4 (poor mental health) according to dietary intake of foods/nutrients at baseline. The prospective study used baseline dietary and lifestyle factors and GHQ scores at follow-up. Results The cross-sectional logistic regression analysis showed vegetables, protein, calcium, vitamin D, carotene and n-3 highly-polyunsaturated fatty acids were inversely associated with a GHQ score ≥ 4. On the other hand, mono-unsaturated fatty acids showed a positive association with higher GHQ score. The prospective logistic regression analysis found dairy products, calcium, vitamin B2, and saturated fatty acids were inversely correlated with a GHQ score ≥ 4. Calcium was associated with GHQ scores in both the cross-sectional and follow-up studies. In the follow-up study, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratio for a GHQ score ≥ 4 was 0.71 (95% confidence interval, 0.55–0.92) for the highest versus lowest quartiles of calorie-adjusted dietary calcium intake. Conclusion Consuming particular nutrients and foods, especially calcium and dairy products, may lead to better mental health in Japanese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Choda
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan.
| | - Kenji Wakai
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Mariko Naito
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan.,Department of Oral Epidemiology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Nahomi Imaeda
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Wellness, Shigakkan University, Obu, Aichi, 474-8651, Japan
| | - Chiho Goto
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Nagoya Bunri University, Inazawa, Aichi, 492-8520, Japan
| | - Kenta Maruyama
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yuka Kadomatsu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Mineko Tsukamoto
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Tae Sasakabe
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan.,Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Yoko Kubo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Rieko Okada
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Sayo Kawai
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan.,Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Takashi Tamura
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Asahi Hishida
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kenji Takeuchi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Atsuyoshi Mori
- Seirei Preventive Health Care Center, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 433-8105, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Hamajima
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
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Reis DJ, Ilardi SS, Namekata MS, Wing EK, Fowler CH. The depressogenic potential of added dietary sugars. Med Hypotheses 2020; 134:109421. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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231
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The associations between phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase gene, dietary choline intake and anxiety and depression in healthy UK adults. Proc Nutr Soc 2020. [DOI: 10.1017/s0029665120007703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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232
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Bidirectional associations between food groups and depressive symptoms: longitudinal findings from the Invecchiare in Chianti (InCHIANTI) study. Br J Nutr 2019; 121:439-450. [PMID: 30588894 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114518003203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated bidirectional associations between intake of food groups and depressive symptoms in 1058 Italian participants (aged 20-102 years) of the Invecchiare in Chianti study. Dietary intake, assessed with a validated FFQ, and depressive symptoms, measured with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES-D), were assessed at baseline and after 3, 6 and 9 years. Associations of repeated measurements of intakes of thirteen food groups with 3-year changes in depressive symptoms, and vice versa, were analysed using linear mixed models and logistic generalised estimating equations. Fish intake was inversely (quartile (Q)4 v. Q1, B=-0·97, 95 % CI -1·74, -0·21) and sweet food intake positively (Q4 v. Q1, B=1·03, 95 % CI 0·25, 1·81) associated with subsequent CES-D score. In the other direction, higher CES-D scores were associated with decreases in intakes of vegetables (ratio: 0·995, 95 % CI 0·990, 0·999) and red and processed meat (B=-0·006, 95 % CI -0·010, -0·001), an increase in dairy product intake (ratio: 1·008, 95 % CI 1·004, 1·013), and increasing odds of eating savoury snacks (OR: 1·012, 95 % CI 1·000, 1·024). Fruit, nuts and legumes, potatoes, wholegrain bread, olive oil, sugar-sweetened beverages, and coffee and tea were not significantly associated in either direction. Our study confirmed bidirectional associations between food group intakes and depressive symptoms. Fish and sweet food intakes were associated with 3-year improvement and deterioration in depressive symptoms, respectively. Depressive symptoms were associated with 3-year changes in vegetable, meat, dairy product and savoury snack intakes. Trials are necessary to examine the causal associations between food groups and depression.
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233
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Dietary Patterns and Depression: First Results in a Cross-Sectional Study from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). PSYCH 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/psych2010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Relations between diet and mental health continue to be a subject for controversy and an increasing numbers of studies. Recent literature is represented by papers that examine overall diet by way of dietary patterns and its association with depression, replacing previous studies about nutrients. The aim of this cross-sectional study is to evaluate the relation between dietary patterns and depressive episode in the baseline (2008–2010) population of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). We analyzed 14,798 participants of ELSA-Brasil. Methods: We constructed dietary patterns based on the Food Frequency Questionnaire using multiple correspondence and cluster analysis; to evaluate depressive episodes, we used the Clinical Interview Schedule-Revised (CIS-R). As an independent variable, we used the patterns: Traditional, Low-Sugar/Low-Fat, Fruit-Vegetables, and Bakery Products. We used multiple logistic regression models to evaluate relations between the dietary patterns and depressive episodes. Results: The Traditional pattern showed the highest percentages of consumption. After adjusting, the Bakery Products (OR = 1.33; 95%CI 1.05–1.70) was associated positively and significantly with depressive episodes only for women. Conclusions: International studies corroborated this finding, suggesting that the Bakery Products pattern could be a marker of a specific population group in which depressive episodes are frequent.
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Pahwa P, Goel RK. Antidepressant-like effect of a standardized hydroethanolic extract of Asparagus adscendens in mice. Indian J Pharmacol 2019; 51:98-108. [PMID: 31142945 PMCID: PMC6533926 DOI: 10.4103/ijp.ijp_116_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Asparagus adscendens Roxb. (Liliaceae), a traditional herbal medicine, has been used as an aphrodisiac and brain tonic in Asian countries. The aim of the present study is to investigate the antidepressant-like effect of standardized hydroethanolic extract of A. adscendens root and its possible mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mice administered with vehicle, imipramine (15 mg/kg/day; i.p.), and A. adscendens extract (AAE) (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg/day; i.p.) for 14 days were subjected to behavioral tests including forced swimming test (FST), tail suspension test (TST), and open-field test (OFT) on the 14th day. In order to explore the underlying mechanism behind an antidepressant effect of AAE, the brain monoamine levels, oxidative stress parameters, and serum corticosterone levels were monitored. RESULTS: Our results indicated that pretreatment of AAE (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) for 14 days statistically significantly (P < 0.01) demonstrated antidepressant-like effect as evidenced by reduced immobility time in both FST (105, 78.6, and 53.6 s) and TST (97.6, 73.5, and 54.67 s), with no significant change in spontaneous locomotor activities as observed in OFT. Further, the behavioral improvement was supported by the statistically significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced levels of monoamines and reduced corticosterone level along with amelioration of oxidative stress in AAE-treated animals as compared to vehicle control group. Conclusion: Our findings clearly demonstrated the antidepressant-like effect of AAE, which might have been mediated through the modulation of monoaminergic system and by regulating hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis with amelioration of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Pahwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Goel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Developmental alterations to the circadian rhythm, in combination with lifestyle changes (eg, changes in school start time, part-time employment), contribute to insufficient sleep among youth. Insufficient sleep is associated with poor eating behaviours in other developmental stages (ie, childhood, adulthood); however, it is currently unknown if this finding generalises to youth. Consequently, identifying the characteristics and results of the studies examining this relationship in youth populations is necessary to guide the future direction of research in this field. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will conduct a scoping review to investigate the literature examining the relationship between sleep duration and eating behaviours in youth. The proposed scoping review will follow the standard six-stage protocol outlined by Arksey and O'Malley. To acquire relevant publications, systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, CINHAL, PsycINFO and Scopus in August 2019. Following this, a scan of the grey literature will be conducted. All relevant publications will be screened for their eligibility based on the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A data extraction tool will be used to collate, summarise and report the results. The findings of the scoping review will be reviewed by relevant stakeholders to aid in interpreting and disseminating the findings. The proposed review will identify existing gaps in the literature and inform the conduct of future studies aimed at understanding the effects of insufficient/excessive sleep and the eating behaviours of youth. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This scoping review does not require ethics approval. Following the completion of the study, the findings will be disseminated at scientific meetings, submitted for peer-reviewed publication and translated to an accessible format for other relevant stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Doan
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Mark A Ferro
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
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Association of dietary acid load and plant-based diet index with sleep, stress, anxiety and depression in diabetic women. Br J Nutr 2019; 123:901-912. [PMID: 31806069 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114519003179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is a common chronic disease with various complications. The present study was conducted to determine the association of plant-based diet index (PDI) and dietary acid load (DAL) with sleep status as well as mental health in type 2 diabetic women. In this cross-sectional study, a validated FFQ was used to assess dietary intakes of 230 diabetic patients. We created a whole PDI, healthful PDI (hPDI) and unhealthful PDI (uPDI). DAL was calculated based on potential renal acid load and net endogenous acid production method. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and twenty-one-item Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale were used to assess sleep and mental health disorders, respectively. Participants in the top group of uPDI had greater risk of poor sleep (OR 6·47, 95 % CI 2·75, 15·24). However, patients who were in the top group of hPDI had a lower risk of sleep problems (OR 0·28, 95 % CI 0·13, 0·62). Participants in the top group of uPDI had greater risk of depression, anxiety and stress (OR 9·35, 95 % CI 3·96, 22·07; OR 4·74, 95 % CI 2·28, 9·85; OR 4·24, 95 % CI 2·14, 8·38, respectively). In conclusion, participants with higher DAL scores and patients who adhered to animal-based diets rather than plant-based diets were more likely to be poor sleepers and have mental health disorders.
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Adan RAH, van der Beek EM, Buitelaar JK, Cryan JF, Hebebrand J, Higgs S, Schellekens H, Dickson SL. Nutritional psychiatry: Towards improving mental health by what you eat. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2019; 29:1321-1332. [PMID: 31735529 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2019.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Does it matter what we eat for our mental health? Accumulating data suggests that this may indeed be the case and that diet and nutrition are not only critical for human physiology and body composition, but also have significant effects on mood and mental wellbeing. While the determining factors of mental health are complex, increasing evidence indicates a strong association between a poor diet and the exacerbation of mood disorders, including anxiety and depression, as well as other neuropsychiatric conditions. There are common beliefs about the health effects of certain foods that are not supported by solid evidence and the scientific evidence demonstrating the unequivocal link between nutrition and mental health is only beginning to emerge. Current epidemiological data on nutrition and mental health do not provide information about causality or underlying mechanisms. Future studies should focus on elucidating mechanism. Randomized controlled trials should be of high quality, adequately powered and geared towards the advancement of knowledge from population-based observations towards personalized nutrition. Here, we provide an overview of the emerging field of nutritional psychiatry, exploring the scientific evidence exemplifying the importance of a well-balanced diet for mental health. We conclude that an experimental medicine approach and a mechanistic understanding is required to provide solid evidence on which future policies on diet and nutrition for mental health can be based.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger A H Adan
- Department of Translational Neurosciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 11, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Eline M van der Beek
- Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan K Buitelaar
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - John F Cryan
- Department of Anatomy & Neuroscience and APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Johannes Hebebrand
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Suzanne Higgs
- Suzanne Higgs School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Harriet Schellekens
- Department of Anatomy & Neuroscience and APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Suzanne L Dickson
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 11, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden.
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238
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Davison KM, Lung Y, Lin SL, Tong H, Kobayashi KM, Fuller-Thomson E. Depression in middle and older adulthood: the role of immigration, nutrition, and other determinants of health in the Canadian longitudinal study on aging. BMC Psychiatry 2019; 19:329. [PMID: 31690283 PMCID: PMC6833158 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-019-2309-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about depression in middle-aged and older Canadians and how it is affected by health determinants, particularly immigrant status. This study examined depression and socio-economic, health, immigration and nutrition-related factors in older adults. METHODS Using weighted comprehensive cohort data from the baseline Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (n = 27,162) of adults aged 45-85, gender-specific binary logistic regression was conducted with the cross-sectional data using the following variables: 1) Depression (outcome) measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Short Depression (CESD-10) rating scale; 2) Immigration status: native-born, recent and mid-term (< 20 years), and long-term immigrants (≥20 years); and 3) covariates: socioeconomic status, physical health (e.g., multi-morbidity), health behavior (e.g., substance use), over-nutrition (e.g., anthropometrics), under-nutrition (e.g., nutrition risk), and dietary intake. RESULTS The sample respondents were mainly Canadian-born (82.6%), women (50.6%), 56-65 years (58.9%), earning between C$50,000-99,999 (33.2%), and in a relationship (69.4%). When compared to Canadian-born residents, recent, mid-term (< 20 years), and longer-term (≥ 20 years) immigrant women were more likely to report depression and this relationship was robust to adjustments for 32 covariates (adjusted ORs = 1.19, 2.54, respectively, p < 0.001). For women, not completing secondary school (OR = 1.23, p < 0.05), stage 1 hypertension (OR = 1.31, p < 0.001), chronic pain (OR = 1.79, p < 0.001), low fruit/vegetable intakes (OR = 1.33, p < 0.05), and fruit juice (OR = 1.80, p < 0.001), chocolate (ORs = 1.15-1.66, p's < 0.05), or salty snack (OR = 1.19, p < 0.05) consumption were associated with depression. For all participants, lower grip strength (OR = 1.25, p < 0.001) and high nutritional risk (OR = 2.24, p < 0.001) were associated with depression. For men, being in a relationship (OR = 0.62, p < 0.001), completing post-secondary education (OR = 0.82, p < 0.05), higher fat (ORs = 0.67-83, p's < 0.05) and omega-3 egg intake (OR = 0.86, p < 0.05) as well as moderate intakes of fruits/vegetables and calcium/high vitamin D sources (ORs = 0.71-0.743, p's < 0.05) predicted a lower likelihood of depression. For men, chronic conditions (ORs = 1.36-3.65, p's < 0.001), chronic pain (OR = 1.86, p < 0.001), smoking (OR = 1.17, p < 0.001), or chocolate consumption (ORs = 1.14-1.72, p's < 0.05) predicted a higher likelihood of depression. CONCLUSIONS The odds of developing depression were highest among immigrant women. Depression in middle-aged and older adults is also associated with socioeconomic, physical, and nutritional factors and the relationships differ by sex. These results provide insights for mental health interventions specific to adults aged 45-85.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Davison
- Faculty of Social Science, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
- Faculty of Science and Horticulture (Health Science), Kwantlen Polytechnic University, Surrey, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yu Lung
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shen Lamson Lin
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Life Course & Aging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hongmei Tong
- Faculty of Health and Community Studies, MacEwan University, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Karen M Kobayashi
- Faculty of Social Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Esme Fuller-Thomson
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Institute for Life Course & Aging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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239
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Aranceta-Bartrina J, Partearroyo T, López-Sobaler AM, Ortega RM, Varela-Moreiras G, Serra-Majem L, Pérez-Rodrigo C. Updating the Food-Based Dietary Guidelines for the Spanish Population: The Spanish Society of Community Nutrition (SENC) Proposal. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2675. [PMID: 31694249 PMCID: PMC6893611 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet-related risk factors and physical inactivity are among the leading risk factors for disability and are responsible for a large proportion of the burden of chronic non-communicable diseases. Food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs) are useful tools for nutrition policies and public health strategies to promote healthier eating and physical activity. In this paper, we discuss the process followed in developing the dietary guidelines for the Spanish population by the Spanish Society of Community Nutrition (SENC) and further explain the collaboration with primary healthcare practitioners as presented in the context of the NUTRIMAD 2018 international congress of SENC. From a health in all policies approach, SENC convened a group of experts in nutrition and public health to review the evidence on diet-health, nutrient intake and food consumption in the Spanish population, as well as food preparation, determinants and impact of diet on environmental sustainability. The collaborative group drafted the document and designed the graphic icon, which was then subject to a consultation process, discussion, and qualitative evaluation. Next, a collaborative group was established to plan a dissemination strategy, involving delegates from all the primary healthcare scientific societies in Spain. A product of this collaboration was the release of an attractive, easy-to-understand publication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Aranceta-Bartrina
- Department of Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, 31009 Navarra, Spain
- CIBEROBN, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Teresa Partearroyo
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28925 Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana M. López-Sobaler
- Departamento de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Ortega
- Departamento de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gregorio Varela-Moreiras
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28925 Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Nutrition Foundation (FEN), 28010 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lluis Serra-Majem
- CIBEROBN, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas, Spain
- Fundación para la Investigación Nutricional (FIN), 08029 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Pérez-Rodrigo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Vizcaya, Spain
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Borge TC, Brantsæter AL, Caspersen IH, Meltzer HM, Brandlistuen RE, Aase H, Biele G. Estimating the Strength of Associations Between Prenatal Diet Quality and Child Developmental Outcomes: Results From a Large Prospective Pregnancy Cohort Study. Am J Epidemiol 2019; 188:1902-1912. [PMID: 31375821 PMCID: PMC6825833 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwz166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Our aim in this study was to estimate the strength of associations between prenatal diet quality and child behavioral, language, and motor functions in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (1999-2008). We created a prenatal diet quality index (PDQI) based on adherence to Norwegian dietary guidelines. Child outcomes were defined as sum scores on the Child Behavior Checklist, the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, and the Child Development Index at ages 18, 36, and 60 months. Using a longitudinal cohort study design and Bayesian hierarchical modeling, we estimated association strengths using inverse probability weighting to account for selection bias. In total, 27,529 mother-child pairs were eligible for inclusion. A 1-standard-deviation increase in PDQI score was associated with an absolute reduction in outcome sum scores of 0.02-0.21 and a 3%-7% relative decrease, with larger decreases seen for language and motor functions than for behavioral functions. PDQI scores were inversely associated with all child functions, but the estimated strength of each association was low. The results indicate that the observed variations in PDQI scores in an industrialized Western society may not profoundly influence the child functions studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiril Cecilie Borge
- Correspondence to Tiril Cecilie Borge, Department of Child Health and Development, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222, Skøyen, 0213 Oslo, Norway (e-mail: )
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241
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Ganci M, Suleyman E, Butt H, Ball M. The role of the brain-gut-microbiota axis in psychology: The importance of considering gut microbiota in the development, perpetuation, and treatment of psychological disorders. Brain Behav 2019; 9:e01408. [PMID: 31568686 PMCID: PMC6851798 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prevalence of psychological disorders remains stable despite steady increases in pharmacological treatments suggesting the need for auxiliary treatment options. Consideration of the brain-gut-microbiota axis (BGMA) has made inroads into reconceptualizing psychological illness from a more holistic perspective. While our understanding of the precise role of gut microbiota (GM) in psychological illness is in its infancy, it represents an attractive target for novel interventions. METHOD An extensive review of relevant literature was undertaken. RESULTS Gut microbiota are proposed to directly and indirectly influence mood, cognition, and behavior which are key components of mental health. This paper outlines how GM may be implicated in psychological disorders from etiology through to treatment and prevention using the Four P model of case formulation. CONCLUSION Moving forward, integration of GM into the conceptualization and treatment of psychological illness will require the discipline of psychology to undergo a significant paradigm shift. While the importance of the GM in psychological well-being must be respected, it is not proposed to be a panacea, but instead, an additional arm to a multidisciplinary approach to treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Ganci
- Psychology Department, Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Emra Suleyman
- Psychology Department, Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Henry Butt
- Bioscreen Yarraville (Aust) Pty Ltd, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Melbourne University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Michelle Ball
- Psychology Department, Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
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242
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Ramin S, Mysz MA, Meyer K, Capistrant B, Lazovich D, Prizment A. A prospective analysis of dietary fiber intake and mental health quality of life in the Iowa Women's Health Study. Maturitas 2019; 131:1-7. [PMID: 31787141 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2019.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent studies have reported associations between dietary intake and mental health. Dietary fiber is one nutrient that may modulate mental health, specifically depression risk, through the gut microbiome. We prospectively examined the association between dietary fiber intake and mental health-related quality of life (QOL) scores, a proxy for depressive symptoms, in a cohort of 14,129 post-menopausal women in the Iowa Women's Health Study. METHODS Dietary intake was assessed at baseline [1986] using a 127-item food frequency questionnaire. Mental health-related QOL scores were assessed at the follow-up questionnaire [2004] using the Mental Health (MH) component and Mental Health Composite (MCS) scales derived from the SF-36 Health Survey. The association between dietary fiber intake and mean QOL scores was examined using linear regression, with adjustment for age, alcohol intake, energy intake, waist-to-hip ratio, physical activity, smoking status, and education. RESULTS The median dietary fiber intake was 19.0 g/day, ranging from 1.1 to 89.4 g/day. Multivariable-adjusted mean MH scores were higher among those with higher fiber intake (P for trend = 0.02). For MCS score, the association with fiber intake observed in a model adjusted for age and energy intake became insignificant after multivariable adjustment. CONCLUSIONS Our study is one of the first prospective analyses of the association between higher dietary fiber intake and increased MH QOL scores later in life. Given a plausible biological mechanism underlying the association between fiber intake and mental health, additional studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth Ramin
- University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Margaret A Mysz
- University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Katie Meyer
- University of North Carolina, Department of Nutrition and Nutrition Research Institute, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Benjamin Capistrant
- University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States; Universty of Minnesota, Minnesota Population Center, Minneapolis, MN, United States; Smith College, School of Social Work, Northampton, MA, United States
| | - DeAnn Lazovich
- University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States; University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Anna Prizment
- University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States; University of Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
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243
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Paseka RE, Bratt AR, MacNeill KL, Burian A, See CR. Elemental Ratios Link Environmental Change and Human Health. Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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244
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Francis HM, Stevenson RJ, Chambers JR, Gupta D, Newey B, Lim CK. A brief diet intervention can reduce symptoms of depression in young adults - A randomised controlled trial. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222768. [PMID: 31596866 PMCID: PMC6784975 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is strong epidemiological evidence that poor diet is associated with depression. The reverse has also been shown, namely that eating a healthy diet rich in fruit, vegetables, fish and lean meat, is associated with reduced risk of depression. To date, only one randomised controlled trial (RCT) has been conducted with elevated depression symptoms being an inclusion criterion, with results showing that a diet intervention can reduce clinical levels of depression. No such RCTs have been performed in young adults. Young adults with elevated levels of depression symptoms and who habitually consume a poor diet were randomly allocated to a brief 3-week diet intervention (Diet Group) or a habitual diet control group (Control Group). The primary and secondary outcome measures assessed at baseline and after the intervention included symptoms of depression (Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale; CESD-R; and Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale- 21 depression subscale; DASS-21-D), current mood (Profile of Mood States), self-efficacy (New General Self-Efficacy Scale) and memory (Hopkins Verbal Learning Test). Diet compliance was measured via self-report questionnaires and spectrophotometry. One-hundred-and-one individuals were enrolled in the study and randomly assigned to the Diet Group or the Control Group. Upon completion of the study, there was complete data for 38 individuals in each group. There was good compliance with the diet intervention recommendations assessed using self-report and spectrophotometry. The Diet group had significantly lower self-reported depression symptoms than the Control Group on the CESD-R (p = 0.007, Cohen's d = 0.65) and DASS-21 depression subscale (p = 0.002, Cohen's d = 0.75) controlling for baseline scores on these scales. Reduced DASS-21 depression subscale scores were maintained on follow up phone call 3 months later (p = .009). These results are the first to show that young adults with elevated depression symptoms can engage in and adhere to a diet intervention, and that this can reduce symptoms of depression. The findings provide justification for future research into the duration of these benefits, the impacts of varying diet composition, and their biological basis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jaime R. Chambers
- Sydney Integrative Medicine, Level 1, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Cooper St Clinic, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dolly Gupta
- Psychology Department, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Brooklyn Newey
- Psychology Department, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chai K. Lim
- Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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245
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Francis HM, Stevenson RJ. Potential for diet to prevent and remediate cognitive deficits in neurological disorders. Nutr Rev 2019; 76:204-217. [PMID: 29346658 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nux073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of many neurological disorders involves oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. There is now substantial evidence that diet can decrease these forms of pathophysiology, and an emerging body of literature relatedly suggests that diet can also prevent or even remediate the cognitive deficits observed in neurological disorders that exhibit such pathology (eg, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, age-related cognitive decline, epilepsy). The current review summarizes the emerging evidence in relation to whole diets prominent in the scientific literature-ketogenic, caloric restriction, high polyphenol, and Mediterranean diets-and provides a discussion of the possible underlying neurophysiological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather M Francis
- Psychology Department, Faculty of Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Richard J Stevenson
- Psychology Department, Faculty of Human Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
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246
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Young LM, Pipingas A, White DJ, Gauci S, Scholey A. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of B Vitamin Supplementation on Depressive Symptoms, Anxiety, and Stress: Effects on Healthy and 'At-Risk' Individuals. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11092232. [PMID: 31527485 PMCID: PMC6770181 DOI: 10.3390/nu11092232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A systematic review and meta-analysis was undertaken to examine and quantify the effects of B vitamin supplementation on mood in both healthy and 'at-risk' populations. A systematic search identified all available randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of daily supplementation with ≥3 B group vitamins with an intervention period of at least four weeks. Random effects models for a standardized mean difference were used to test for overall effect. Heterogeneity was tested using the I2 statistic. Eighteen articles (16 trials, 2015 participants) were included, of which 12 were eligible for meta-analysis. Eleven of the 18 articles reported a positive effect for B vitamins over a placebo for overall mood or a facet of mood. Of the eight studies in 'at-risk' cohorts, five found a significant benefit to mood. Regarding individual facets of mood, B vitamin supplementation benefited stress (n = 958, SMD = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.02, 0.45, p = 0.03). A benefit to depressive symptoms did not reach significance (n = 568, SMD = 0.15, 95% CI = -0.01, 0.32, p = 0.07), and there was no effect on anxiety (n = 562, SMD = 0.03, 95% CI = -0.13, 0.20, p = 0.71). The review provides evidence for the benefit of B vitamin supplementation in healthy and at-risk populations for stress, but not for depressive symptoms or anxiety. B vitamin supplementation may particularly benefit populations who are at risk due to (1) poor nutrient status or (2) poor mood status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Young
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia.
| | - Andrew Pipingas
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia.
| | - David J White
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia.
| | - Sarah Gauci
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia.
| | - Andrew Scholey
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia.
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247
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Zhang L, Liu H, Kuang L, Meng H, Zhou X. Omega-3 fatty acids for the treatment of depressive disorders in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2019; 13:36. [PMID: 31534476 PMCID: PMC6744624 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-019-0296-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the efficacy and safety of omega-3 fatty acids (O3FA) in treating depressive disorders in children and adolescents. METHOD We conducted a comprehensive search in electronic databases and hand-searched articles included for relevant studies. We included randomized controlled trials which studied on O3FA for treatment of children and adolescents with depression. The standard mean differences (SMDs) and the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by a random-effects model. The primary outcomes were end-point depressive symptoms scores (efficacy) and all-cause discontinuation (safety). The secondary outcome of response rate was also assessed. Subgroup analyses were performed by age, severity of depression and dosage. Risk of bias assessment was performed based on the Jadad score and the Cochrane Collaboration's risk-of-bias method. RESULTS A total of four studies with 153 participants were included. In terms of efficacy, there was no significant difference of end-point depressive symptoms scores between O3FA and placebo (SMD = - 0.12, 95% CI - 0.53 to 0.30, P = 0.58; I 2= 30%). In terms of safety, the all-cause discontinuation showed no statistical significance between O3FA and placebo (OR = 1.3, 95% CI 0.58 to 2.93, P = 0.53; I 2= 0%). The response rate of O3FA was also not significant better than that of placebo (OR = 1.57, 95% CI 0.26 to 9.39, P = 0.62; I 2= 71%). Besides, there were also no significant differences in those subgroup analyses outcomes. The risk of bias of included trials were not high. CONCLUSIONS Only considering the limited evidence of O3FA in the acute treatment of major depressive disorder, it did not seem to offer a clear advantage for children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- The First Branch, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Kuang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 People’s Republic of China
| | - Huaqing Meng
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 People’s Republic of China
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248
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Linking What We Eat to Our Mood: A Review of Diet, Dietary Antioxidants, and Depression. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8090376. [PMID: 31491962 PMCID: PMC6769512 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8090376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown that diet and nutrition play significant roles in the prevention of depression and its clinical treatment. The present review aims to provide a clear understanding of the associations between diet patterns, specific foods, nutrients such as antioxidants, and depression. As a result, balanced dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean diet and certain foods such as fish, fresh vegetables, and fruits have been associated with a lower risk of depression or depressive symptoms, while high-fat Western diets and sugar-sweetened beverages have been associated with higher risk of depression or depressive symptoms. Dietary antioxidants such as green tea polyphenols or isoflavonoid intake have been negatively associated with depression or depressive symptoms. It is concluded that diet patterns, specific foods, and antioxidants play important roles in the prevention and clinical treatment of depression.
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Altun A, Brown H, Szoeke C, Goodwill AM. The Mediterranean dietary pattern and depression risk: A systematic review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.npbr.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Phillips CM, Chen LW, Heude B, Bernard JY, Harvey NC, Duijts L, Mensink-Bout SM, Polanska K, Mancano G, Suderman M, Shivappa N, Hébert JR. Dietary Inflammatory Index and Non-Communicable Disease Risk: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2019; 11:E1873. [PMID: 31408965 PMCID: PMC6722630 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There are over 1,000,000 publications on diet and health and over 480,000 references on inflammation in the National Library of Medicine database. In addition, there have now been over 30,000 peer-reviewed articles published on the relationship between diet, inflammation, and health outcomes. Based on this voluminous literature, it is now recognized that low-grade, chronic systemic inflammation is associated with most non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, cancers, respiratory and musculoskeletal disorders, as well as impaired neurodevelopment and adverse mental health outcomes. Dietary components modulate inflammatory status. In recent years, the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®), a literature-derived dietary index, was developed to characterize the inflammatory potential of habitual diet. Subsequently, a large and rapidly growing body of research investigating associations between dietary inflammatory potential, determined by the DII, and risk of a wide range of NCDs has emerged. In this narrative review, we examine the current state of the science regarding relationships between the DII and cancer, cardiometabolic, respiratory and musculoskeletal diseases, neurodevelopment, and adverse mental health outcomes. We synthesize the findings from recent studies, discuss potential underlying mechanisms, and look to the future regarding novel applications of the adult and children's DII (C-DII) scores and new avenues of investigation in this field of nutritional research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Phillips
- HRB Centre for Diet and Health Research, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy, and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
- HRB Centre for Diet and Health Research, School of Public Health, University College Cork, Western Gateway Building, Western Rd, Cork, Co. Cork, Ireland.
| | - Ling-Wei Chen
- HRB Centre for Diet and Health Research, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy, and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Barbara Heude
- Research Team on the Early Life Origins of Health (EAROH), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), INSERM, Université de Paris, F-94807 Villejuif, France
| | - Jonathan Y Bernard
- Research Team on the Early Life Origins of Health (EAROH), Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), INSERM, Université de Paris, F-94807 Villejuif, France
| | - Nicholas C Harvey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Liesbeth Duijts
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2060, 3000 CB Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2060, 3000 CB Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sara M Mensink-Bout
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2060, 3000 CB Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kinga Polanska
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland
| | - Giulia Mancano
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Matthew Suderman
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - James R Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29201, USA
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