201
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Huang X, Xu X, Partridge MA, Chen J, Koehler-Stec E, Sumner G, Qiu H, Torri A, Li N. Isotyping and Semi-Quantitation of Monkey Anti-Drug Antibodies by Immunocapture Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. AAPS J 2021; 23:16. [PMID: 33404777 PMCID: PMC7788027 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-020-00538-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent demand to develop new technologies to characterize immunogenicity to biotherapeutics. Here, we developed an immunocapture LC-MS assay to isotype and semi-quantify monkey anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) to fully human monoclonal antibody (mAb) drugs. ADAs were isolated from serum samples using an immunocapture step with the Fab of the full-length mAb cross-linked to magnetic beads to minimize matrix interference. A positive monoclonal antibody control against the human immunoglobulin kappa light chain was used as a calibration standard for ADA quantitation. The final LC-MS method contains 17 multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) transitions and an optimized 15-min LC method. The results suggested that IgG1 was the most abundant isotype in ADA-positive samples. IgG2 and IgG4 were identified at lower levels, whereas IgG3 and IgA levels were only observed at very minor levels. In addition, levels of total ADA measured by the LC-MS assay were comparable to results obtained using a traditional ligand binding assay (LBA). The LC-MS ADA assay enabled rapid immunogenicity assessment with additional isotype information that LBAs cannot provide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Huang
- Analytical Chemistry, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, New York, 10591, USA
| | - Xiaobin Xu
- Analytical Chemistry, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, New York, 10591, USA.
| | - Michael A Partridge
- Bioanalytical Sciences, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, New York, 10591, USA
| | - Jihua Chen
- Bioanalytical Sciences, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, New York, 10591, USA
| | - Ellen Koehler-Stec
- Bioanalytical Sciences, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, New York, 10591, USA
| | - Giane Sumner
- Bioanalytical Sciences, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, New York, 10591, USA
| | - Haibo Qiu
- Analytical Chemistry, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, New York, 10591, USA.
| | - Albert Torri
- Bioanalytical Sciences, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, New York, 10591, USA
| | - Ning Li
- Analytical Chemistry, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, New York, 10591, USA
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202
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Bressán IG, Giménez MI, Llesuy SF. Validation of a simple liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of tacrolimus, sirolimus, everolimus and cyclosporin A in dried matrix on paper discs. J Mass Spectrom Adv Clin Lab 2021; 19:7-19. [PMID: 34820661 PMCID: PMC8601012 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmsacl.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Due to its high specificity and sensitivity, liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is the gold standard method for immunosuppressant quantification in therapeutic drug monitoring. In this context, dried blood spots (DBS) have become a promising strategy as a sample collection procedure. Although the advantages of DBS over venipuncture are well known, this approach has limitations that strongly influence the acceptance of analytical results. Among them, the most important is hematocrit (Ht). The easiest way of overcoming this problem is by analyzing complete spots. In this strategy, called dried matrix on paper discs (DMPD), blood is volumetrically applied on pre-punched discs. OBJECTIVES To validate an LC-MS/MS method for the quantification of tacrolimus, sirolimus, everolimus and cyclosporin A using DMPD. METHODS The procedure was validated according to international guidelines using a commercial kit. The following performance parameters were evaluated: selectivity, carryover, linearity, accuracy, precision, lower limit of quantitation, relative recovery, commutability and stability. In addition, a method comparison study was performed to evaluate the clinical influence of Ht on the results. RESULTS All performance parameters were within acceptance criteria and, hence, it was determined that the validated method is fit for the intended purpose. Likewise, calculated bias values on medical decision levels showed that there was no clinical influence of Ht on the results. CONCLUSION Unlike other similar methodologies that have been published, here, a simple method has been fully validated. This is the first LC-MS/MS methodology adapting a commercial kit to use DMPD as a sampling strategy.
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Key Words
- C0, Pre-dose trough concentration
- C2, 2-hour post-dose concentration
- CS, Calibration standard
- CV%, Coefficient of variation
- DBS, Dried blood spots
- DMPS, Dried matrix on paper discs
- Dried matrix on paper discs (DMPD)
- ESI+, Positive electrospray source ionization mode
- Hematocrit
- Ht, Hematocrit
- ICb95%, 95% confidence interval for intercepts
- ICm95%, 95% confidence interval for slopes
- Immunosuppressants
- LC-MS/MS, Liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry
- LLOQ, Lower limit of quantitation
- LSS, Limited sampling strategy
- Liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)
- Method comparison
- PCDBS, Pre-cut dried blood spots
- PDBS, Perforated dried blood spots
- PIs, Prediction intervals
- QC, Quality control samples
- R%, Relative recovery
- RE%, Percentage of the relative error
- ZnSO4·7H2O, Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
- [M+NH4]+, Ammoniated adduct
- mTOR, Mechanistic target of Rapamycin
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Guillermo Bressán
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Department of Chemistry, Instituto Universitario Escuela de Medicina del Hospital Italiano, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Isabel Giménez
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Instituto Universitario Escuela de Medicina del Hospital Italiano, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Susana Francisca Llesuy
- Department of Chemistry, Instituto Universitario Escuela de Medicina del Hospital Italiano, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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203
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de Koster N, Clark CP, Kohler I. Past, present, and future developments in enantioselective analysis using capillary electromigration techniques. Electrophoresis 2021; 42:38-57. [PMID: 32914880 PMCID: PMC7821218 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Enantioseparation of chiral products has become increasingly important in a large diversity of academic and industrial applications. The separation of chiral compounds is inherently challenging and thus requires a suitable analytical technique that can achieve high resolution and sensitivity. In this context, CE has shown remarkable results so far. Chiral CE offers an orthogonal enantioselectivity and is typically considered less costly than chromatographic techniques, since only minute amounts of chiral selectors are needed. Several CE approaches have been developed for chiral analysis, including chiral EKC and chiral CEC. Enantioseparations by EKC benefit from the wide variety of possible pseudostationary phases that can be employed. Chiral CEC, on the other hand, combines chromatographic separation principles with the bulk fluid movement of CE, benefitting from reduced band broadening as compared to pressure-driven systems. Although UV detection is conventionally used for these approaches, MS can also be considered. CE-MS represents a promising alternative due to the increased sensitivity and selectivity, enabling the chiral analysis of complex samples. The potential contamination of the MS ion source in EKC-MS can be overcome using partial-filling and counter-migration techniques. However, chiral analysis using monolithic and open-tubular CEC-MS awaits additional method validation and a dedicated commercial interface. Further efforts in chiral CE are expected toward the improvement of existing techniques, the development of novel pseudostationary phases, and establishing the use of chiral ionic liquids, molecular imprinted polymers, and metal-organic frameworks. These developments will certainly foster the adoption of CE(-MS) as a well-established technique in routine chiral analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicky de Koster
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of Systems Biomedicine and PharmacologyLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Charles P. Clark
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of Systems Biomedicine and PharmacologyLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Isabelle Kohler
- Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amsterdam Institute for Molecular and Life SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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204
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Gastelum-Arellanez A, Esquivel-Días J, Lopez-Padilla R, Robledo VH, Paulina R, Beltrán MF, Saucedo-Lucero JO. Assessment of persistent indoor VOCs inside public transport during winter season. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:128127. [PMID: 33297116 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present work intends to analyze the pollution level at the indoor environments of the public transport units of León Guanajuato, Mexico during winter season. An identification and quantification of persistent organic pollutants were carried out within three of the principal bus lines of the city in order to determine their possible origin, the differences in the levels of contamination between routes, and the potential risk to the health of the users, these analyses were carried out with different statistical techniques (ANOVA, PCA, and correlation network maps). Fourteen different organic compounds were identified as persistent pollutants. Although toluene and hexane were the compounds that were detected at the highest concentrations (average of 86.52 ± 56.1 μg m-3 and 183.33 ± 10.7 μg m-3, respectively), the correlation analysis showed that xylene, styrene, and ethylbenzene were the compounds that were mostly related to the other compounds identified as persistent. Otherwise, the statistical analysis of the concentration of these pollutants allowed to establish the fuel combustion vapors as the main source of these compounds. In the same way, the potential exposition health risk to the users were calculated in accordance to the Environmental Protection Agency of United States on those commuters grouped as students and workers. This analysis shown that the xylenes are the most representative organic pollutant in this particulate indoor spaces, and is the one with potential to generate a greater risk to the health of the bus-users, this without demising the potential danger of other pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argel Gastelum-Arellanez
- CIATEC AC, Centro de Innovación Aplicada en Tecnologías Competitivas, León México, Omega No. 201 Col. Industrial Delta C.P, 37545, León, Gto, Mexico; Cátedra CONACYT, Centro de Innovación Aplicada en Tecnologías Competitivas (CIATEC AC), Omega No. 201, Col. Industrial Delta C.P., 37545, León, Gto, Mexico
| | - Jovanni Esquivel-Días
- CIATEC AC, Centro de Innovación Aplicada en Tecnologías Competitivas, León México, Omega No. 201 Col. Industrial Delta C.P, 37545, León, Gto, Mexico
| | - Rigoberto Lopez-Padilla
- Universidad de Guanajuato, Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica, División de Ingenierías Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, Mexico
| | - Víctor Hugo Robledo
- CIATEC AC, Centro de Innovación Aplicada en Tecnologías Competitivas, León México, Omega No. 201 Col. Industrial Delta C.P, 37545, León, Gto, Mexico
| | - Rodríguez Paulina
- CIATEC AC, Centro de Innovación Aplicada en Tecnologías Competitivas, León México, Omega No. 201 Col. Industrial Delta C.P, 37545, León, Gto, Mexico
| | - Mónica Fabiola Beltrán
- CIATEC AC, Centro de Innovación Aplicada en Tecnologías Competitivas, León México, Omega No. 201 Col. Industrial Delta C.P, 37545, León, Gto, Mexico
| | - José Octavio Saucedo-Lucero
- CIATEC AC, Centro de Innovación Aplicada en Tecnologías Competitivas, León México, Omega No. 201 Col. Industrial Delta C.P, 37545, León, Gto, Mexico.
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205
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Auclair J, Rathore AS. The Multi-Attribute Method (MAM) for the Characterization of Biopharmaceuticals. LCGC NORTH AMERICA 2021. [DOI: 10.56530/lcgc.na.gi5577l2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade or so, biopharmaceuticals have gained market share and become more complex in their composition. Therefore, new analytical workflows are needed to address these advances, and one of those workflows that has gained substantial traction over the last several years is the multi-attribute method (MAM). MAM was originally developed to be used throughout the product life cycle, from process development through quality control, and has become even more popular as quality by design (QbD) has become a more prevalent approach for biopharmaceutical development. MAM is designed to monitor critical quality attributes (CQAs) simultaneously and directly, such as sequence, post-translational modifications, and impurities, making it a more streamlined and productive workflow for biopharmaceutical analysis. In this column, we will discuss the role of liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry in MAM, as well as other new technologies and anticipated advances of MAM that are on the horizon.
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206
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Indapurkar AS, Eangoor P, Yeh JS, Vakkalanka M, Cashman JR, Knaack JS. A Method for Diagnosing Organophosphate Pesticide Exposure in Humans using Liquid Chromatography Coupled Tandem Mass Spectrometry. J Anal Toxicol 2020; 46:bkaa197. [PMID: 33367644 DOI: 10.1093/jat/bkaa197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Organophosphate (OP) pesticides are commonly utilized worldwide for agricultural purposes and pose a health threat through air, ground, and water contamination. Here, we present a convenient method for diagnosing exposure to OP pesticides in humans. This immunoprecipitation method relies on extraction of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), a biomarker of OP poisoning that adducts OP compounds, from human serum using agarose beads conjugated to anti-BChE antibodies. Extracted BChE was then digested with pepsin and analyzed for unadducted and OP-adducted peptides by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). To characterize and validate this method, pooled human plasma was exposed to parathion and dichlorvos to form diethoxyphospho, aged ethoxyphospho and dimethoxyphospho adducts with BChE. Untreated plasma was also analyzed for unadducted peptides. Additionally, samples were analyzed using Ellman's assay to measure BChE functional activity. The percent inhibition of BChE was 53.5±5.76 and 95.2±0.37%, respectively, for plasma treated with parathion for 1 hour and 24 hours. The percent inhibition was 97.2±0.98 for plasma treated with dichlorvos for 1 hour. The percent inhibition was 97.9±0.41% when the plasma treated with parathion for 1 hour, parathion for 24 hour and dichlorvos for 1 hour were mixed. Individual adducts were quantified in a single chromatographic run. Untreated plasma contained 26.4±1.87 ng/mL of unadducted BChE and no adducted peptides. In contrast, the plasma sample treated with both pesticides contained no unadducted BChE, but did contain 9.46±1.10, 10.9±0.98 and 14.1±1.10 ng/mL of diethoxyphospho, aged-ethoxy, and dimethoxyphospho peptides, respectively. The ability to identify and measure BChE and BChE adducts to parathion and dichlorvos is expected to be useful for diagnosing human exposure to multiple OP pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amruta S Indapurkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University, 3001 Mercer University Drive, Atlanta, Georgia, 30341, United States
| | - Padmanabhan Eangoor
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University, 3001 Mercer University Drive, Atlanta, Georgia, 30341, United States
| | - Jihee Stephanie Yeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University, 3001 Mercer University Drive, Atlanta, Georgia, 30341, United States
| | - Manideepika Vakkalanka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University, 3001 Mercer University Drive, Atlanta, Georgia, 30341, United States
| | - John R Cashman
- Human BioMolecular Research Institute, 5310 Eastgate Mall, San Diego, California, 92121, United States
| | - Jennifer S Knaack
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University, 3001 Mercer University Drive, Atlanta, Georgia, 30341, United States
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207
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Makey DM, Shchurik V, Wang H, Lhotka HR, Stoll DR, Vazhentsev A, Mangion I, Regalado EL, Ahmad IAH. Mapping the Separation Landscape in Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography: Blueprints for Efficient Analysis and Purification of Pharmaceuticals Enabled by Computer-Assisted Modeling. Anal Chem 2020; 93:964-972. [PMID: 33301312 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent developments in two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC) now make separation and analysis of very complex mixtures achievable. Despite being such a powerful chromatographic tool, current 2D-LC technology requires a series of arduous method development activities poorly suited for a fast-paced industrial environment. Recent introductions of new technologies including active solvent modulation and a support for multicolumn 2D-LC are helping to overcome this stigma. However, many chromatography practitioners believe that the lack of a systematic way to effectively optimize 2D-LC separations is a missing link in securing the viability of 2D-LC as a mainstay for industrial applications. In this work, a computer-assisted modeling approach that dramatically simplifies both offline and online 2D-LC method developments is introduced. Our methodology is based on mapping the separation landscape of pharmaceutically relevant mixtures across both first (1D) and second (2D) dimensions using LC Simulator (ACD/Labs) software. Retention models for 1D and 2D conditions were built using a minimal number of multifactorial modeling experiments (2 × 2 or 3 × 3 parameters: gradient slope, column temperature, and different column and mobile phase combinations). The approach was first applied to online 2D-LC analysis involving achiral and chiral separations of complex mixtures of enantiomeric species. In these experiments, the retention models proved to be quite accurate for both the 1D and 2D separations, with retention time differences between experiments and simulations of less than 3.5%. This software-based concept was also demonstrated for offline 2D-LC purification of drug substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devin M Makey
- Analytical Research and Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Gustavus Adolphus College, Saint Peter, Minnesota 56082, United States
| | - Vladimir Shchurik
- Analytical Research and Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Heather Wang
- Analytical Research and Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Hayley R Lhotka
- Analytical Research and Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Dwight R Stoll
- Department of Chemistry, Gustavus Adolphus College, Saint Peter, Minnesota 56082, United States
| | - Andrey Vazhentsev
- Advanced Chemistry Development, Inc., Toronto, Ontario M5C 1B5, Canada
| | - Ian Mangion
- Analytical Research and Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Erik L Regalado
- Analytical Research and Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Imad A Haidar Ahmad
- Analytical Research and Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
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208
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Agadellis E, Tartaglia A, Locatelli M, Kabir A, Furton KG, Samanidou V. Mixed-mode fabric phase sorptive extraction of multiple tetracycline residues from milk samples prior to high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet analysis. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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209
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Vernerová A, Kujovská Krčmová L, Melichar B, Švec F. Non-invasive determination of uric acid in human saliva in the diagnosis of serious disorders. Clin Chem Lab Med 2020; 59:797-812. [PMID: 33554551 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2020-1533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes and critically evaluates the published approaches and recent trends in sample pre-treatment, as well as both separation and non-separation techniques used for the determination of uric acid (UA) in saliva. UA is the final product of purine nucleotide catabolism in humans. UA concentrations in biological fluids such as serum, plasma, and urine represent an important biomarker of diseases including gout, hyperuricemia, or disorders associated with oxidative stress. Previous studies reported correlation between UA concentrations detected in saliva and in the blood. The interest in UA has been increasing during the past 20 years from a single publication in 2000 to 34 papers in 2019 according to MEDLINE search using term "uric acid in saliva". The evaluation of salivary UA levels can contribute to non-invasive diagnosis of many serious diseases. Increased salivary UA concentration is associated with cancer, HIV, gout, and hypertension. In contrast, low UA levels are associated with Alzheimer disease, progression of multiple sclerosis, and mild cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Vernerová
- The Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.,The Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Kujovská Krčmová
- The Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.,The Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Bohuslav Melichar
- The Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - František Švec
- The Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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210
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Simultaneous Monitoring and Comparison of Multiple Product Quality Attributes for Cell Culture Processes at Different Scales Using a LC/MS/MS Based Multi-Attribute Method. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:3319-3329. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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211
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Abstract
Biological signaling pathways are underpinned by protein switches that sense and respond to molecular inputs. Inspired by nature, engineered protein switches have been designed to directly transduce analyte binding into a quantitative signal in a simple, wash-free, homogeneous assay format. As such, they offer great potential to underpin point-of-need diagnostics that are needed across broad sectors to improve access, costs, and speed compared to laboratory assays. Despite this, protein switch assays are not yet in routine diagnostic use, and a number of barriers to uptake must be overcome to realize this potential. Here, we review the opportunities and challenges in engineering protein switches for rapid diagnostic tests. We evaluate how their design, comprising a recognition element, reporter, and switching mechanism, relates to performance and identify areas for improvement to guide further optimization. Recent modular switches that enable new analytes to be targeted without redesign are crucial to ensure robust and efficient development processes. The importance of translational steps toward practical implementation, including integration into a user-friendly device and thorough assay validation, is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hope Adamson
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Lars J. C. Jeuken
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
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212
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Adrait A, Dumonceau JM, Delhaye M, Annessi-Ramseyer I, Frossard JL, Couté Y, Farina A. Liquid Biopsy of Bile based on Targeted Mass Spectrometry for the Diagnosis of Malignant Biliary Strictures. Clin Transl Sci 2020; 14:148-152. [PMID: 33048472 PMCID: PMC7877827 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bile holds biomarkers of malignant biliary strictures (MBS) but is unsuited for automated analyzers used in routine diagnostic laboratories. Selected reaction monitoring (SRM) is a flexible high‐throughput analytical approach based on targeted mass spectrometry (MS) already implemented in clinical settings. We tested the hypothesis that SRM could be used to quantify cancer biomarkers in human bile. An SRM‐based assay was developed to simultaneously quantify up to 37 peptides from 13 bile proteins in a developmental cohort of 15 patients (MBS, n = 8; benign biliary stricture or obstruction (BBS), n = 7). The most reliable biomarkers were then absolutely quantified by SRM in a verification cohort of 67 patients (MBS, n = 37; BBS, n = 30). The diagnostic performances of single and combined biomarkers were assessed. In the developmental cohort, SRM‐based analysis revealed six protein biomarkers with significantly higher peptide ratios (endogenous vs. standard) in bile from MBS vs. BBS. In the verification cohort, five of these biomarkers proved good diagnostic ability (individual receiver operating characteristic‐area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC‐AUC) up to 0.889, accuracies from 67.8% to 83.1%). Combining bile biomarkers and serum CA19‐9 in 2 panels allowed differentiating MBS from BBS with up to 0.929 ROC‐AUC and 89.8% accuracy. In this study, a newly developed SRM‐based assay proved able to simultaneously quantify multiple biomarkers in bile samples. The combination of bile biomarkers with serum CA19‐9 was highly accurate for the diagnosis of MBS. Liquid biopsy of bile based on targeted MS is eligible to support MBS diagnosis in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Adrait
- University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Inserm, IRIG, BGE, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Myriam Delhaye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatopancreatology and GI Oncology, Erasme University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Jean-Louis Frossard
- Department of Medicine, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division of Gastroenterology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yohann Couté
- University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Inserm, IRIG, BGE, Grenoble, France
| | - Annarita Farina
- Department of Medicine, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division of Gastroenterology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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213
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Sawant MS, Streu CN, Wu L, Tessier PM. Toward Drug-Like Multispecific Antibodies by Design. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7496. [PMID: 33053650 PMCID: PMC7589779 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The success of antibody therapeutics is strongly influenced by their multifunctional nature that couples antigen recognition mediated by their variable regions with effector functions and half-life extension mediated by a subset of their constant regions. Nevertheless, the monospecific IgG format is not optimal for many therapeutic applications, and this has led to the design of a vast number of unique multispecific antibody formats that enable targeting of multiple antigens or multiple epitopes on the same antigen. Despite the diversity of these formats, a common challenge in generating multispecific antibodies is that they display suboptimal physical and chemical properties relative to conventional IgGs and are more difficult to develop into therapeutics. Here we review advances in the design and engineering of multispecific antibodies with drug-like properties, including favorable stability, solubility, viscosity, specificity and pharmacokinetic properties. We also highlight emerging experimental and computational methods for improving the next generation of multispecific antibodies, as well as their constituent antibody fragments, with natural IgG-like properties. Finally, we identify several outstanding challenges that need to be addressed to increase the success of multispecific antibodies in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manali S. Sawant
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (M.S.S.); (C.N.S.)
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Craig N. Streu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (M.S.S.); (C.N.S.)
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
- Department of Chemistry, Albion College, Albion, MI 49224, USA
| | - Lina Wu
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Peter M. Tessier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (M.S.S.); (C.N.S.)
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Kim JH, Lee YA, Lim YH, Lee K, Kim BN, Kim JI, Hong YC, Yang SW, Song J, Shin CH. Changes in Adrenal Androgens and Steroidogenic Enzyme Activities From Ages 2, 4, to 6 Years: A Prospective Cohort Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5880593. [PMID: 32750115 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The levels of adrenal androgens are increased through the action of steroidogenic enzymes with morphological changes in the adrenal zona reticularis. OBJECTIVE We investigated longitudinal changes in androgen levels and steroidogenic enzyme activities during early childhood. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS From a prospective children's cohort, the Environment and Development of Children cohort, 114 boys and 86 girls with available blood samples from ages 2, 4, and 6 years were included. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS Serum concentrations of adrenal androgens using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and steroidogenic enzyme activity calculated by the precursor/product ratio. RESULTS During ages 2 to 4 years, 17,20-lyase and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) sulfotransferase activities increased (P < 0.01 for both in boys). During ages 4 to 6 years, 17,20-lyase activity persistently increased, but 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) and 17β-HSD activities decreased (P < 0.01 for all). Serum DHEA sulfate (DHEA-S) levels persistently increased from 2, 4, to 6 years, and DHEA, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, and androstenedione levels increased during ages 4 to 6 years (P < 0.01 for all). Serum DHEA-S levels during early childhood were associated with body mass index z-scores (P = 0.001 in only boys). CONCLUSION This study supports in vivo human evidence of increased 17,20-lyase and DHEA sulfotransferase activities and decreased 3β-HSD activity during early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Young Ah Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youn-Hee Lim
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
- Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyunghoon Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Bung-Nyun Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Johanna Inhyang Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
- Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sei Won Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Junghan Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Choong Ho Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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215
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Bongaerts J, Segers K, Van Oudenhove L, Van Wanseele Y, Van Hulle M, De Bundel D, Mangelings D, Smolders I, Vander Heyden Y, Van Eeckhaut A. A comparative study of UniSpray and electrospray sources for the ionization of neuropeptides in liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1628:461462. [PMID: 32822992 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Despite the extensive use of electrospray ionization (ESI) for the quantification of neuropeptides by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), poor ionization and transmission efficiency are described for this ionization interface. A new atmospheric pressure ionization source, named UniSpray, was recently developed and commercialized. In this study, the LC-MS performance of this new ionization interface is evaluated and compared with ESI for the quantification of seven neuropeptides. Besides comparison of signal intensities and charge state distributions, also signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios and accuracy and precision were assessed. Additionally, matrix effects of human precipitated plasma and rat microdialysate were evaluated as well as the effect of three supercharging agents on the ionization of the seven neuropeptides. UniSpray ionization resulted in signal intensities four to eight times higher at the optimal capillary/impactor voltage for all seven neuropeptides. S/N values at the other hand only increased by not more than a twofold when the UniSpray source was used. Moreover, UniSpray ionization resulted in a shift towards lower charge states for some neuropeptides. Evaluation of the matrix effects by a post-column infusion set-up resulted in different infusion profiles between ESI and UniSpray. The charge state distributions of the neuropeptides obtained with UniSpray are highly comparable with ESI. Finally, the effect of the supercharging agents on the ionization of the neuropeptides tends to be peptide-dependent with both ionization sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Bongaerts
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Drug Information (FASC), Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Applied Chemometrics and Molecular Modelling (FABI), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Karen Segers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Drug Information (FASC), Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Applied Chemometrics and Molecular Modelling (FABI), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium.
| | | | - Yannick Van Wanseele
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Drug Information (FASC), Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium.
| | | | - Dimitri De Bundel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Drug Information (FASC), Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Debby Mangelings
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Applied Chemometrics and Molecular Modelling (FABI), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Ilse Smolders
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Drug Information (FASC), Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Yvan Vander Heyden
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Applied Chemometrics and Molecular Modelling (FABI), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Ann Van Eeckhaut
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Drug Information (FASC), Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium.
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216
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Kennedy D, Dani M. Comparative Analysis of ELISA Immunoassay and LC-QTOF for Opiate Screening. J Anal Toxicol 2020; 44:410-413. [PMID: 31897469 DOI: 10.1093/jat/bkz109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A comparative analysis of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF) for the detection of opioids in blood samples is presented. The Orange County Crime Lab (OCCL) was concerned that the opioid drug class was not accurately detected at low concentrations due to the use of LC-QTOF as a non-targeted screening method for multiple classes of drugs. In order to investigate this issue, 968 ante-mortem and postmortem blood samples were analyzed by ELISA for the presence of the following opioids: morphine, morphine-glucuronide, codeine, codeine-glucuronide, hydrocodone, hydromorphone, hydromorphone-glucuronide, oxycodone, oxymorphone and oxymorphone-glucuronide. All samples had been previously analyzed by LC-QTOF. Overall, 84 samples tested positive for opioids. Discrepant samples between ELISA and LC-QTOF were analyzed by a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry confirmation method in order to determine the true composition of the sample. Upon review of the discrepant samples, no forensically relevant concentration of opioids was missed by LC-QTOF. Thus, the ability of the OCCL's LC-QTOF screening method was verified to detect opioids at low concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dickson Kennedy
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences University of Mississippi: Faser Hall 72 University Drive University, MS 28677
| | - Mata Dani
- Orange County Sheriff Coroner Department: 320 N Flower St Santa Ana, CA 92703
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217
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Optimal Sampling Strategies for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of First-Line Tuberculosis Drugs in Patients with Tuberculosis. Clin Pharmacokinet 2020; 58:1445-1454. [PMID: 30997650 PMCID: PMC6856034 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-019-00763-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background The 24-h area under the concentration–time curve (AUC24)/minimal inhibitory concentration ratio is the best predictive pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) parameter of the efficacy of first-line anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs. An optimal sampling strategy (OSS) is useful for accurately estimating AUC24; however, OSS has not been developed in the fed state or in the early phase of treatment for first-line anti-TB drugs. Methods An OSS for the prediction of AUC24 of isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol and pyrazinamide was developed for TB patients starting treatment. A prospective, randomized, crossover trial was performed during the first 3 days of treatment in which first-line anti-TB drugs were administered either intravenously or in fasting or fed conditions. The PK data were used to develop OSS with best subset selection multiple linear regression. The OSS was internally validated using a jackknife analysis and externally validated with other patients from different ethnicities and in a steady state of treatment. Results OSS using time points of 2, 4 and 8 h post-dose performed best. Bias was < 5% and imprecision was < 15% for all drugs except ethambutol in the fed condition. External validation showed that OSS2-4-8 cannot be used for rifampicin in steady state conditions. Conclusion OSS at 2, 4 and 8 h post-dose enabled an accurate and precise prediction of AUC24 values of first-line anti-TB drugs in this population. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02121314).
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218
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Phapale P, Rai V, Mohanty AK, Srivastava S. Untargeted Metabolomics Workshop Report: Quality Control Considerations from Sample Preparation to Data Analysis. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:2006-2010. [PMID: 32872787 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The Proteomics Society, India (PSI), hosted the Metabolomics workshop on experimental and data analysis training for untargeted metabolomics in December 2019. The workshop included six tutorial lectures and hands-on data analysis training sessions presented by seven speakers from across the globe. The tutorials and hands-on data analysis sessions focused on workflows for liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) based on untargeted metabolomics. We review here three main topics from the workshop, which were uniquely identified as bottlenecks for new researchers: (a) experimental design, (b) quality controls during sample preparation and instrumental analysis, and (c) data quality evaluation using open source tools. Our objective here is to present common challenges faced by novice researchers and present guidelines to address them. We provide resources and good practices for researchers who are at the initial stage of setting up metabolomics workflows in their laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasad Phapale
- Metabolomics Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | - Vineeta Rai
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Ashok Kumar Mohanty
- Animal Biotechnology Centre National Dairy Research Institute Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - Sanjeeva Srivastava
- Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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219
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Niessen WMA. Tandem mass spectrometry of small-molecule antiviral drugs: 1. HIV-related antivirals. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 455:116370. [PMID: 33519296 PMCID: PMC7834215 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijms.2020.116370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Antiviral drugs are a class of compounds developed specifically for the treatment of viral infections. In the development and subsequent application of antiviral drugs, like for any other class of drugs, quantitative analysis in biological matrix is important, e.g., to establish bioavailability, to study pharmacokinetics, and later on possibly for therapeutic drug monitoring. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) with tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS) operated in selected-reaction monitoring (SRM) mode is the method of choice in quantitative bioanalysis. As information of the fragmentation of antiviral drugs in MS-MS is very much scattered in the scientific literature, it was decided to collect this information and to review it, not only to understand which product ions are actually used in SRM, but also to assist in other studies, e.g., in the identification of drug metabolites or (forced) degradation products. In this first study, attention is paid to antiviral agents used against HIV infection. The review provides fragmentation schemes of ca. 40 antiviral agents as well as several phosphorylated anabolites. The identity of the product ions used in SRM, i.e., elemental composition and exact-m/z, is tabulated, and more detailed fragmentation schemes are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M A Niessen
- hyphen MassSpec, Margrietstraat 34, 2215 HJ, Voorhout, the Netherlands
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220
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Froehlich BC, Popp R, Sobsey CA, Ibrahim S, LeBlanc AM, Mohammed Y, Aguilar‐Mahecha A, Poetz O, Chen MX, Spatz A, Basik M, Batist G, Zahedi RP, Borchers CH. Systematic Optimization of the iMALDI Workflow for the Robust and Straightforward Quantification of Signaling Proteins in Cancer Cells. Proteomics Clin Appl 2020; 14:e2000034. [PMID: 32643306 PMCID: PMC7539945 DOI: 10.1002/prca.202000034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Immuno-MALDI (iMALDI) combines immuno-enrichment of biomarkers with MALDI-MS for fast, precise, and specific quantitation, making it a valuable tool for developing clinical assays. iMALDI assays are optimized for the PI3-kinase signaling pathway members phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and PI3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (p110α), with regard to sensitivity, robustness, and throughput. A standardized template for developing future iMALDI assays, including automation protocols to streamline assay development and translation, is provided. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Conditions for tryptic digestion and immuno-enrichment (beads, bead:antibody ratios, incubation times, direct vs. indirect immuno-enrichment) are rigorously tested. Different strategies for calibration and data readout are compared. RESULTS Digestion using 1:2 protein:trypsin (wt:wt) for 1 h yielded high and consistent peptide recoveries. Direct immuno-enrichment (antibody-bead coupling prior to antigen-enrichment) yielded 30% higher peptide recovery with a 1 h shorter incubation time than indirect enrichment. Immuno-enrichment incubation overnight yielded 1.5-fold higher sensitivities than 1 h incubation. Quantitation of the endogenous target proteins is not affected by the complexity of the calibration matrix, further simplifying the workflow. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE This optimized and automated workflow will facilitate the clinical translation of high-throughput sensitive iMALDI assays for quantifying cell-signaling proteins in individual tumor samples, thereby improving patient stratification for targeted treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjoern C. Froehlich
- University of Victoria‐Genome BC Proteomics CentreUniversity of VictoriaVictoriaBCV8Z 7E8Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and MicrobiologyUniversity of VictoriaVictoriaBCV8P 5C2Canada
| | - Robert Popp
- University of Victoria‐Genome BC Proteomics CentreUniversity of VictoriaVictoriaBCV8Z 7E8Canada
| | - Constance A. Sobsey
- Segal Cancer Proteomics CentreLady Davis InstituteJewish General HospitalMcGill UniversityMontrealQCH3T1E2Canada
| | - Sahar Ibrahim
- Segal Cancer Proteomics CentreLady Davis InstituteJewish General HospitalMcGill UniversityMontrealQCH3T1E2Canada
| | - Andre M. LeBlanc
- Segal Cancer Proteomics CentreLady Davis InstituteJewish General HospitalMcGill UniversityMontrealQCH3T1E2Canada
| | - Yassene Mohammed
- University of Victoria‐Genome BC Proteomics CentreUniversity of VictoriaVictoriaBCV8Z 7E8Canada
- Center for Proteomics and MetabolomicsLeiden University Medical CenterLeiden2333 ZAThe Netherlands
- Center for Computational and Data‐Intensive Science and EngineeringSkolkovo Institute of Science and TechnologyMoscow121205Russia
| | - Adriana Aguilar‐Mahecha
- Segal Cancer CentreLady Davis InstituteJewish General HospitalMcGill UniversityMontrealQCH3T1E2Canada
| | - Oliver Poetz
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute University of TuebingenReutlingen72770Germany
- SIGNATOPE GmbHReutlingen72770Germany
| | - Michael X. Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada
| | - Alan Spatz
- Segal Cancer CentreLady Davis InstituteJewish General HospitalMcGill UniversityMontrealQCH3T1E2Canada
| | - Mark Basik
- Segal Cancer CentreLady Davis InstituteJewish General HospitalMcGill UniversityMontrealQCH3T1E2Canada
| | - Gerald Batist
- Segal Cancer CentreLady Davis InstituteJewish General HospitalMcGill UniversityMontrealQCH3T1E2Canada
- Gerald Bronfman Department of OncologyJewish General HospitalMcGill UniversityMontrealQCH4A3T2Canada
| | - René P. Zahedi
- Segal Cancer Proteomics CentreLady Davis InstituteJewish General HospitalMcGill UniversityMontrealQCH3T1E2Canada
- Center for Computational and Data‐Intensive Science and EngineeringSkolkovo Institute of Science and TechnologyMoscow121205Russia
| | - Christoph H. Borchers
- University of Victoria‐Genome BC Proteomics CentreUniversity of VictoriaVictoriaBCV8Z 7E8Canada
- Segal Cancer Proteomics CentreLady Davis InstituteJewish General HospitalMcGill UniversityMontrealQCH3T1E2Canada
- Gerald Bronfman Department of OncologyJewish General HospitalMcGill UniversityMontrealQCH4A3T2Canada
- Center for Computational and Data‐Intensive Science and EngineeringSkolkovo Institute of Science and TechnologyMoscow121205Russia
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221
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Current and future trends in reversed-phase liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry of therapeutic proteins. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has created huge damage to society and brought panic around the world. Such panic can be ascribed to the seemingly deceptive features of COVID-19: Compared to other deadly viral outbreaks, it has medium transmission and mortality rates. As a result, the severity of the causative coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, was deeply underestimated by society at the beginning of the COVID-19 outbreak. Based on this, in this review, we define the viruses with features similar to those of SARS-CoV-2 as the Panic Zone viruses. To contain those viruses, accurate and fast diagnosis followed by effective isolation and treatment of patients are pivotal at the early stage of virus breakouts. This is especially true when there is no cure or vaccine available for a transmissible disease, which is the case for the current COVID-19 pandemic. As of July 2020, more than 100 kits for COVID-19 diagnosis on the market have been surveyed in this review, while emerging sensing techniques for SARS-CoV-2 are also discussed. It is of critical importance to rationally use these kits for efficient management and control of the Panic Zone viruses. Therefore, we discuss guidelines to select diagnostic kits at different outbreak stages of the Panic Zone viruses, SARS-CoV-2 in particular. While it is of utmost importance to use nucleic acid based detection kits with low false negativity (high sensitivity) at the early stage of an outbreak, the low false positivity (high specificity) gains importance at later stages of the outbreak. When society is set to reopen from the lockdown stage of the COVID-19 pandemic, it becomes critical to have immunoassay based kits with high specificity to identify people who can safely return to society after their recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infections. Finally, since a massive attack from a viral pandemic requires a massive defense from the whole society, we urge both government and the private sector to research and develop affordable and reliable point-of-care testing (POCT) kits, which can be used massively by the general public (and therefore called massive POCT) to contain Panic Zone viruses in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hanbin Mao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA (44240)
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223
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Kumar PS, Ling CY, Zhou ZB, Dong YL, Sun CL, Song YX, Wong NK, Ju JH. Chemical Diversity of Metabolites and Antibacterial Potential of Actinomycetes Associated with Marine Invertebrates from Intertidal Regions of Daya Bay and Nansha Islands. Microbiology (Reading) 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261720040062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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224
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Khatibi SA, Hamidi S, Siahi-Shadbad MR. Application of Liquid-Liquid Extraction for the Determination of Antibiotics in the Foodstuff: Recent Trends and Developments. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2020; 52:327-342. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1798211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Amin Khatibi
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samin Hamidi
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Siahi-Shadbad
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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225
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Khatibi SA, Hamidi S, Siahi-Shadbad MR. Current trends in sample preparation by solid-phase extraction techniques for the determination of antibiotic residues in foodstuffs: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:3361-3382. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1798349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Amin Khatibi
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samin Hamidi
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Siahi-Shadbad
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Food Control, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
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226
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Pyaram A, Rampilla M, Deore J, Sengupta P. Challenges and Strategies for Quantification of Drugs in the Brain: Current Scenario and Future Advancement. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2020; 52:93-105. [PMID: 32687414 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1791041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The site of action of centrally acting drugs lies inside the brain and therefore, needs to reach the brain to exert their therapeutic efficacy. Discovery and development process of such types of drugs demands their quantification in brain to establish the dose, study pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and optimize the overall efficacy. Moreover, some drugs of other categories also have potential to cross blood-brain barrier resulting in various adverse events by acting centrally. However, the collection of a matrix to analyze the amount of drugs present in brain is highly challenging. In this review, we have summarized different bioanalytical strategies to quantitate drugs inside the brain. A detailed discussion on various in vivo and in vitro techniques for monitoring drugs inside the brain has been incorporated. In addition, various sampling techniques have been discussed in brief with case studies. Therefore, this review can guide the researcher to choose appropriate bioanalytical techniques for analyzing drugs in brain depending upon the specific need and quantification threshold considering the commonly associated difficulties of the methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhila Pyaram
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opp. Airforce Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar - 382355, Gujarat, INDIA
| | - Madhuri Rampilla
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opp. Airforce Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar - 382355, Gujarat, INDIA
| | - Jayshri Deore
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opp. Airforce Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar - 382355, Gujarat, INDIA
| | - Pinaki Sengupta
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opp. Airforce Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar - 382355, Gujarat, INDIA
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van den Elsen SH, Sturkenboom MG, Akkerman O, Barkane L, Bruchfeld J, Eather G, Heysell SK, Hurevich H, Kuksa L, Kunst H, Kuhlin J, Manika K, Moschos C, Mpagama SG, Muñoz Torrico M, Skrahina A, Sotgiu G, Tadolini M, Tiberi S, Volpato F, van der Werf TS, Wilson MR, Zúñiga J, Touw DJ, Migliori GB, Alffenaar JW. Prospective evaluation of improving fluoroquinolone exposure using centralised therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in patients with tuberculosis (PERFECT): a study protocol of a prospective multicentre cohort study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e035350. [PMID: 32554740 PMCID: PMC7304807 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Global multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment success rates remain suboptimal. Highly active WHO group A drugs moxifloxacin and levofloxacin show intraindividual and interindividual pharmacokinetic variability which can cause low drug exposure. Therefore, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of fluoroquinolones is recommended to personalise the drug dosage, aiming to prevent the development of drug resistance and optimise treatment. However, TDM is considered laborious and expensive, and the clinical benefit in MDR-TB has not been extensively studied. This observational multicentre study aims to determine the feasibility of centralised TDM and to investigate the impact of fluoroquinolone TDM on sputum conversion rates in patients with MDR-TB compared with historical controls. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Patients aged 18 years or older with sputum smear and culture-positive pulmonary MDR-TB will be eligible for inclusion. Patients receiving TDM using a limited sampling strategy (t=0 and t=5 hours) will be matched to historical controls without TDM in a 1:2 ratio. Sample analysis and dosing advice will be performed in a centralised laboratory. Centralised TDM will be considered feasible if >80% of the dosing recommendations are returned within 7 days after sampling and 100% within 14 days. The number of patients who are sputum smear and culture-negative after 2 months of treatment will be determined in the prospective TDM group and will be compared with the control group without TDM to determine the impact of TDM. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical clearance was obtained by the ethical review committees of the 10 participating hospitals according to local procedures or is pending (online supplementary file 1). Patients will be included after obtaining written informed consent. We aim to publish the study results in a peer-reviewed journal. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ClinicalTrials.gov Registry (NCT03409315).
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Hj van den Elsen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke Gg Sturkenboom
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Onno Akkerman
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases and Tuberculosis, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Tuberculosis Center Beatrixoord, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Haren, The Netherlands
| | - Linda Barkane
- Department of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis, Riga East University Hospital TB and Lung Disease Clinic, Riga, Latvia
| | - Judith Bruchfeld
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Geoffrey Eather
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Metro South Clinical Tuberculosis Service, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Scott K Heysell
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Henadz Hurevich
- The Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Pulmonology and Tuberculosis, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Liga Kuksa
- Department of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis, Riga East University Hospital TB and Lung Disease Clinic, Riga, Latvia
| | - Heinke Kunst
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Johanna Kuhlin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katerina Manika
- Pulmonary Department, Respiratory Infections Unit, G. Papanikolaou Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Charalampos Moschos
- Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Unit, 'Sotiria' Hospital for Chest Diseases, Athens, Greece
| | - Stellah G Mpagama
- Kibong'oto Infectious Diseases Hospital, Kilimanjaro, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Marcela Muñoz Torrico
- Clínica de Tuberculosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alena Skrahina
- The Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Pulmonology and Tuberculosis, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Giovanni Sotgiu
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Unit, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Marina Tadolini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Unit of Infectious Diseases, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simon Tiberi
- Department of Infection, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Francesca Volpato
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Unit of Infectious Diseases, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Tjip S van der Werf
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases and Tuberculosis, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Malcolm R Wilson
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Metro South Clinical Tuberculosis Service, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Joaquin Zúñiga
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico City, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Daan J Touw
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Giovanni B Migliori
- Servizio di Epidemiologia Clinica delle Malattie Respiratorie, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Tradate, Italy
| | - Jan-Willem Alffenaar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Farsang E, Guillarme D, Veuthey JL, Beck A, Lauber M, Schmudlach A, Fekete S. Coupling non-denaturing chromatography to mass spectrometry for the characterization of monoclonal antibodies and related products. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 185:113207. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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229
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Kohl B, Zhong X, Herrmann C, Stoll R. Phosphorylation orchestrates the structural ensemble of the intrinsically disordered protein HMGA1a and modulates its DNA binding to the NFκB promoter. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 47:11906-11920. [PMID: 31340016 PMCID: PMC7145567 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
High Mobility Group Protein A1a (HMGA1a) is a highly abundant nuclear protein, which plays a crucial role during embryogenesis, cell differentiation, and neoplasia. Here, we present the first ever NMR-based structural ensemble of full length HMGA1a. Our results show that the protein is not completely random coil but adopts a compact structure consisting of transient long-range contacts, which is regulated by post-translational phosphorylation. The CK2-, cdc2- and cdc2/CK2-phosphorylated forms of HMGA1a each exhibit a different binding affinity towards the PRD2 element of the NFκB promoter. Our study identifies connected regions between phosphorylation sites in the wildtype ensemble that change considerably upon phosphorylation, indicating that these posttranslational modifications sites are part of an electrostatic contact network that alters the structural ensemble by shifting the conformational equilibrium. Moreover, ITC data reveal that the CK2-phosphorylated HMGA1a exhibits a different DNA promoter binding affinity for the PRD2 element. Furthermore, we present the first structural model for AT-hook 1 of HMGA1a that can adopt a transient α-helical structure, which might serve as an additional regulatory mechanism in HMAG1a. Our findings will help to develop new therapeutic strategies against HMGA1a-associated cancers by taking posttranslational modifications into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Kohl
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biomolecular NMR Spectroscopy, Ruhr University of Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Xueyin Zhong
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biomolecular NMR Spectroscopy, Ruhr University of Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Christian Herrmann
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Protein Interactions, Ruhr University of Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Raphael Stoll
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biomolecular NMR Spectroscopy, Ruhr University of Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany
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230
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Mostafa A. Spectrophotometric and Multivariate Calibration Techniques for Simultaneous Determination of Different Drugs in Pharmaceutical Formulations and Human Urine: Evaluation of Greenness Profile. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2020; 2020:8873003. [PMID: 32566359 PMCID: PMC7275968 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8873003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Eco-friendly, rapid, and cost-effective two spectrophotometric methods were developed and validated for the determination of atenolol, paracetamol, hydrochlorothiazide, and levofloxacin. The first method is the newly developed extended derivative ratio (EDR) and the second method is multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares (MCR-ALS). In the EDR method, the extended derivative ratio amplitudes at 281.6, 237.6, 279.2, and 282.8 nm were used for quantification of atenolol, paracetamol, hydrochlorothiazide, and levofloxacin, respectively. In the MCR-ALS method, calibration model was developed and correlation constraint was employed. External validation data set composed of seven mixtures was used, and different figures of merits such as root mean square error of prediction, standard error of prediction, bias, and relative error of prediction were calculated, and satisfactory results were obtained. Both methods provided comparable results. The methods were validated and applied for the determination of the target analytes in dosage forms, spiked and real human urine. Thereafter, the obtained results were statistically compared to the published methods and revealed no significant difference regarding accuracy and precision. Furthermore, the greenness profile of the methods was evaluated using the National Environmental Methods Index "NEMI" and Analytical Eco-Scale. The developed methods can be used as a valid eco-friendly and simple cost-effective alternative to the commonly used chromatographic methods for the routine analysis of the studied drugs in dosage forms and human urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Mostafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, King Faisal Road, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
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231
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Synthesis of deuterium-labeled 1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-3-(5-nitrothiazol-2-yl)urea (AR-A014418) as an internal standard for LC–MS analysis. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-020-07227-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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232
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Fuyal M, Giri B. A Combined System of Paper Device and Portable Spectrometer for the Detection of Pesticide Residues. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-020-01770-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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233
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van den Elsen SH, Akkerman OW, Wessels M, Jongedijk EM, Ghimire S, van der Werf TS, Bolhuis MS, Touw DJ, Alffenaar JWC. Dose optimisation of first-line tuberculosis drugs using therapeutic drug monitoring in saliva: feasible for rifampicin, not for isoniazid. Eur Respir J 2020; 56:13993003.00803-2020. [DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00803-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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234
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Ambartsumyan O, Gribanyov D, Kukushkin V, Kopylov A, Zavyalova E. SERS-Based Biosensors for Virus Determination with Oligonucleotides as Recognition Elements. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093373. [PMID: 32397680 PMCID: PMC7247000 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral infections are among the main causes of morbidity and mortality of humans; sensitive and specific diagnostic methods for the rapid identification of viral pathogens are required. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is one of the most promising techniques for routine analysis due to its excellent sensitivity, simple and low-cost instrumentation and minimal required sample preparation. The outstanding sensitivity of SERS is achieved due to tiny nanostructures which must be assembled before or during the analysis. As for specificity, it may be provided using recognition elements. Antibodies, complimentary nucleic acids and aptamers are the most usable recognition elements for virus identification. Here, SERS-based biosensors for virus identification with oligonucleotides as recognition elements are reviewed, and the potential of these biosensors is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dmitry Gribanyov
- Institute of Solid State Physics RAS, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia;
| | - Vladimir Kukushkin
- Institute of Solid State Physics RAS, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia;
- Correspondence: (V.K.); (E.Z.); Tel.: +7-495-939-3149 (E.Z.)
| | - Alexey Kopylov
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia;
| | - Elena Zavyalova
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia;
- Correspondence: (V.K.); (E.Z.); Tel.: +7-495-939-3149 (E.Z.)
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235
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Grijalba N, Legrand A, Holler V, Bouvier-Capely C. A novel calibration strategy based on internal standard-spiked gelatine for quantitative bio-imaging by LA-ICP-MS: application to renal localization and quantification of uranium. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:3113-3122. [PMID: 32193588 PMCID: PMC7200646 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02561-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) has been employed for the elemental bio-distribution and quantification of uranium (U) in histological tissue sections of rodent kidneys. Kidneys were immediately immersed into 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) solution for 24 h, Tissue-Tek O.C.T. Compound embedded and stored at - 80 °C until cutting in a cryostat, and mounted in gel-covered glass slides. In order to assure complete ablation of sample, sample preparation and laser conditions were carefully optimized. In this work, a new analytical methodology is presented for performing quantitative laser ablation analyses based on internal standard (thulium, Tm)-spiked gelatine (10% m/v) for correction of matrix effects, lack of tissue homogeneity, and instrumental drift. In parallel, matrix-matched laboratory standards, dosed at different concentrations of U, were prepared from a pool of rat kidneys. The quantitative images of cryo-sections revealed heterogeneous distribution of uranium within the renal tissue, because the cortical concentration was up to 120-fold higher than the medullary concentration. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagore Grijalba
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, PSE-SANTE/SESANE/LRSI, BP17, 92262, Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France
| | - Alexandre Legrand
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, PSE-SANTE/SESANE/LRSI, BP17, 92262, Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France
| | - Valerie Holler
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, PSE-SANTE/SESANE/LRSI, BP17, 92262, Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France.
| | - Céline Bouvier-Capely
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, PSE-SANTE/SESANE/LRSI, BP17, 92262, Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France
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236
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Bogdanova E, Pugajeva I, Reinholds I, Bartkevics V. Two-dimensional liquid chromatography - high resolution mass spectrometry method for simultaneous monitoring of 70 regulated and emerging mycotoxins in Pu-erh tea. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1622:461145. [PMID: 32381303 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Iveta Pugajeva
- Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment, Riga, Latvia
| | - Ingars Reinholds
- Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment, Riga, Latvia
| | - Vadims Bartkevics
- Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment, Riga, Latvia; University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
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237
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Yska JP, Wanders JTM, Odigie B, Apers JA, Emous M, Totté ERE, Boerma EC, Ubels FL, Woerdenbag HJ, Frijlink HW, Wilffert B, van Roon EN. Effect of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on the bioavailability of metoprolol from immediate and controlled release tablets: a single oral dose study before and after surgery. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2020; 27:e19-e24. [PMID: 32296500 DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2018-001804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery induces major changes in the gastrointestinal tract that may alter the pharmacokinetics of orally administered drugs. Results from pharmacokinetic studies are sparse. This study aimed to investigate the effect of RYGB on the bioavailability of metoprolol from immediate release (IR) and controlled release (CR) tablets in female patient volunteers before and after surgery. Methods An explorative, two-phase, single oral dose pharmacokinetic study of metoprolol in female patients undergoing RYGB was carried out. The dose was administered twice in each patient, 1 month before and 6 months after surgery. After intake of either 100 mg of metoprolol IR or CR tablet serum concentration-time profiles of metoprolol were determined. The endpoint was the ratio of AUCafter/AUCbefore of metoprolol. Results Twelve patients were included in the study (metoprolol IR: 7; metoprolol CR: 5). After intake of a metoprolol IR tablet major intraindividual and interindividual differences for area under the serum concentration versus time curve (AUC) of metoprolol before and after surgery were observed (range ratio AUC0-10 hours after/AUC0-10 hours before: 0.74-1.98). For metoprolol CR tablets a significant reduction in bioavailability of metoprolol was observed after surgery (range ratio AUC0-24 hours after/AUC0-24 hours before: 0.43-0.77). Conclusion RYGB may influence the bioavailability of metoprolol from an IR tablet. The magnitude of changes in bioavailability after RYGB requires close monitoring of patients using metoprolol IR tablets and dose adjustment if deemed necessary. RYGB clearly reduces the bioavailability of metoprolol from a CR tablet. After RYGB clinicians may consider to increase the dose according to clinical response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Peter Yska
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Clinical Pharmacology, Medisch Centrum Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Jacquelien T M Wanders
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Clinical Pharmacology, Medisch Centrum Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Blessing Odigie
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Clinical Pharmacology, Medisch Centrum Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A Apers
- Department of Surgery, Medisch Centrum Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Marloes Emous
- Department of Surgery, Medisch Centrum Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Erik R E Totté
- Department of Surgery, Medisch Centrum Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - E Christiaan Boerma
- Department of Intensive Care, Medisch Centrum Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Froukje L Ubels
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medisch Centrum Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Herman J Woerdenbag
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henderik W Frijlink
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bob Wilffert
- Unit of Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eric N van Roon
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Clinical Pharmacology, Medisch Centrum Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.,Unit of Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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238
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Cournoyer JJ, Dey S. Increasing clinical liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry assay throughput using a full calibration curve generated by one injection from a single-tube calibrator. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2020; 34:e8632. [PMID: 31756771 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Mass spectrometry (MS) generally delivers more accurate results than immunoassay (IA) for certain clinically relevant analytes, but IA is still the more prevalent methodology used by clinical laboratories because of barriers to MS adoption, such as lower throughput. Therefore, it is increasingly important to develop new strategies to increase LC/MS/MS throughput so that more accurate results can be delivered to patients and clinicians. METHODS Throughput can be increased by reducing assay calibration time using a single-tube calibrator, a mix of isotopologues of the target analyte at different concentrations in a biological matrix, rather than a set of traditional, multiple-tube calibrators. One injection from a single-tube calibrator can generate a full calibration curve such that each calibration point is from the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) signal corresponding to a specific isotopologue. RESULTS In this study, a single-tube calibrator (five levels in one vial) and a set of multiple-tube calibrators (seven levels in seven vials) were used to measure the concentration of testosterone in 42 serum samples originally value assigned by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reference method. The bias between the CDC reference method and the single-tube calibrator measurements and the multiple-tube calibrators measurements was +1.1% and - 5.5%, respectively. These results were within the CDC Hormone Standardization (HoSt) program bias acceptance criteria of ±6.4%. CONCLUSIONS The results show that LC/MS/MS throughput can be increased using a single-tube calibrator because it reduces assay calibration time while delivering equivalent results to those generated using traditional, multiple-tube calibrators. The single-tube calibrator may also save cost to laboratories through reductions in consumable consumption, technician labor time, and inventory management, as well as to manufacturers because fewer vials would need to be manufactured, tested, stored, and shipped.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Subhakar Dey
- Clinical Diagnostics, SCIEX, Framingham, MA, USA
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239
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Gradl K, Taibon J, Singh N, Albrecht E, Geistanger A, Pongratz S, Hutzler S, Mayer M, Kleinschmidt C, Geletneky C, Hofmann V, Köppl D, Rauh M, Kobold U. An isotope dilution LC–MS/MS-based candidate reference method for the quantification of androstenedione in human serum and plasma. CLINICAL MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 16:1-10. [PMID: 34820514 PMCID: PMC8600989 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinms.2020.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
LC-MS/MS-based candidate reference method for the quantification of androstenedione. Certified reference material from NMIA with additional qNMR characterization. Uncertainty evaluation according to the GUM 1995. Inter laboratory comparison study and comparison to a routine LC-MS/MS assay.
The accurate measurement of androstenedione in human serum and plasma is required for steroid profiling to assure the appropriate diagnosis and differential diagnosis of hyperandrogenism. In this work, we introduce an isotope dilution liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) candidate reference measurement procedure for the quantification of androstenedione in human serum and plasma. The performance of the procedure enables its use in the evaluation and standardization of routine assays and for the evaluation of patient samples to ensure the traceability of individual patient results. As the primary standard, a certified reference material from NMIA (National Measurement Institute, Australia) was used. Additionally, a quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR) method was developed for the value assignment of the primary reference material, which ensures the direct traceability to SI units, as well as the independence from the availability of reference materials. 13C3-labeled androstenedione was used as the internal standard. The introduced method allows the measurement of androstenedione in the range of 0.05–12 ng/mL, and the assay imprecision was found to be <2% between 5 and 12 ng/mL, 3.5% at 1.5 ng/mL, and 5.2% at 0.05 ng/mL, with an accuracy of 95–105% for the serum and 91–103% for the plasma matrix. The transferability to a second laboratory was validated by method comparison based on 112 patient samples. The comparison of the results obtained from the presented method and an LC–MS/MS routine assay, using 150 native patient samples, showed a good correlation with a bias of the routine method of ≤4.0%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Gradl
- Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Nonnenwald 2, 82377 Penzberg, Germany
| | - Judith Taibon
- Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Nonnenwald 2, 82377 Penzberg, Germany
- Corresponding author.
| | - Neeraj Singh
- Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Nonnenwald 2, 82377 Penzberg, Germany
| | - Eva Albrecht
- Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Nonnenwald 2, 82377 Penzberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Stefan Hutzler
- Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Nonnenwald 2, 82377 Penzberg, Germany
| | - Magdalena Mayer
- Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Nonnenwald 2, 82377 Penzberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Verena Hofmann
- Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Nonnenwald 2, 82377 Penzberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Köppl
- Klinik für Kinder und Jugendliche, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Loschgestr. 15, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Manfred Rauh
- Klinik für Kinder und Jugendliche, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Loschgestr. 15, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Uwe Kobold
- Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Nonnenwald 2, 82377 Penzberg, Germany
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Glöckner S, Ngo K, Wagner B, Heine A, Klebe G. The Influence of Varying Fluorination Patterns on the Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Benzenesulfonamide Binding to Human Carbonic Anhydrase II. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E509. [PMID: 32230853 PMCID: PMC7226267 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The fluorination of lead-like compounds is a common tool in medicinal chemistry to alter molecular properties in various ways and with different goals. We herein present a detailed study of the binding of fluorinated benzenesulfonamides to human Carbonic Anhydrase II by complementing macromolecular X-ray crystallographic observations with thermodynamic and kinetic data collected with the novel method of kinITC. Our findings comprise so far unknown alternative binding modes in the crystalline state for some of the investigated compounds as well as complex thermodynamic and kinetic structure-activity relationships. They suggest that fluorination of the benzenesulfonamide core is especially advantageous in one position with respect to the kinetic signatures of binding and that a higher degree of fluorination does not necessarily provide for a higher affinity or more favorable kinetic binding profiles. Lastly, we propose a relationship between the kinetics of binding and ligand acidity based on a small set of compounds with similar substitution patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Glöckner
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35037 Marburg, Germany; (S.G.); (K.N.); (A.H.)
| | - Khang Ngo
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35037 Marburg, Germany; (S.G.); (K.N.); (A.H.)
| | - Björn Wagner
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Pharmaceutical Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, 4070 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Andreas Heine
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35037 Marburg, Germany; (S.G.); (K.N.); (A.H.)
| | - Gerhard Klebe
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35037 Marburg, Germany; (S.G.); (K.N.); (A.H.)
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241
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Conklin SE, Knezevic CE. Advancements in the gold standard: Measuring steroid sex hormones by mass spectrometry. Clin Biochem 2020; 82:21-32. [PMID: 32209333 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2020.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sex hormones, such as testosterone and estrogens, play an essential role in regulating physiological and reproductive development throughout the lifetime of the individual. Although variation in levels of these hormones are observed throughout the distinct stages in life, significant deviations from reference ranges can result in detrimental effects to the individual. Alterations, by either an increase or decrease, in hormone levels are associated with physiological changes, decreased reproductive capabilities, and increased risk for diseases. Hormone therapies (HTs) and assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) are commonly used to address these factors. In addition to these treatments, gender-affirming therapies, an iteration of HTs, are also a prominent treatment for transgender individuals. Considering that the effectiveness of these treatments relies on achieving therapeutic hormone levels, monitoring of hormones has served as a way of assessing therapeutic efficay. The need for reliable methods to achieve this task has led to great advancements in methods for evaluating hormone concentrations in biological matrices. Although immunoassays are the more widely used method, mass spectrometry (MS)-based methods have proven to be more sensitive, specific, and reliable. Advances in MS technology and its applications for therapeutic hormone monitoring have been significant, hence integration of these methods in the clinical setting is desired. Here, we provide a general overview of HT and ART, and the immunoassay and MS-based methods currently utilized for monitoring sex hormones. Additionally, we highlight recent advances in MS-based methods and discuss future applications and considerations for MS-based hormone assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven E Conklin
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans St. Zayed B1020, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
| | - Claire E Knezevic
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans St. Zayed B1020, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
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242
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Glöckner S, Ngo K, Sager CP, Hüfner-Wulsdorf T, Heine A, Klebe G. Conformational Changes in Alkyl Chains Determine the Thermodynamic and Kinetic Binding Profiles of Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors. ACS Chem Biol 2020; 15:675-685. [PMID: 32027480 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Thermodynamics and kinetics of protein-ligand binding are both important aspects for the design of novel drug molecules. Presently, thermodynamic data are collected with isothermal titration calorimetry, while kinetic data are mostly derived from surface plasmon resonance. The new method of kinITC provides both thermodynamic and kinetic data from calorimetric titration measurements. The present study demonstrates the convenient collection of calorimetric data suitable for both thermodynamic and kinetic analysis for two series of congeneric ligands of human carbonic anhydrase II and correlates these findings with structural data obtained by macromolecular crystallography to shed light on the importance of shape complementarity for thermodynamics and kinetics governing a protein-ligand binding event. The study shows how minute chemical alterations change preferred ligand conformation and can be used to manipulate thermodynamic and kinetic signatures of binding. They give rise to the observation that analogous n-alkyl and n-alkyloxy derivatives of identical chain length swap their binding kinetic properties at unchanged binding affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Glöckner
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Khang Ngo
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Christoph P Sager
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Hüfner-Wulsdorf
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Heine
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Klebe
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
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243
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Development and validation of a rapid, specific and sensitive LC-MS/MS bioanalytical method for eicosanoid quantification - assessment of arachidonic acid metabolic pathway activity in hypertensive rats. Biochimie 2020; 171-172:223-232. [PMID: 32179167 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Lipid mediators such as eicosanoids maintain various physiological processes, and their alterations are involved in the development of numerous cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the reliable assessment of their profile could be helpful in diagnosis as well as in eicosanoid biomarker-based treatment. Hence, the presented study aimed to develop and validate a new rapid, specific and sensitive LC-MS/MS method for quantification of arachidonic acid-derived eicosanoids in plasma, including lipid mediators generated via COX-, LOX- and CYP450-dependent pathways. The developed method features high sensitivity because the lower limit of quantification ranged from 0.05 to 0.50 ng mL-1 as well as the accuracy and precision estimated within 88.88-111.25% and 1.03-11.82%, respectively. An application of a simple and fast liquid-liquid extraction procedure for sample cleaning resulted in a highly satisfactory recovery of the analytes (>88.30%). Additionally, the method was validated using artificial plasma, an approach that enabled the elimination of the matrix effect caused by an endogenous concentration of studied lipid mediators. Importantly, the presented LC-MS/MS method allowed for simultaneous quantitative and qualitative [quan/qual] analysis of the selected eicosanoids, leading to an additional improvement of the method specificity. Moreover, the validated method was successfully applied for eicosanoid profiling in rat, mouse and human plasma samples, clearly demonstrating the heterogeneity of the profile of studied lipid mediators in those species.
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244
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Official International Association for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Clinical Toxicology Guideline: Development and Validation of Dried Blood Spot-Based Methods for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring. Ther Drug Monit 2020; 41:409-430. [PMID: 31268966 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000000643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dried blood spot (DBS) analysis has been introduced more and more into clinical practice to facilitate Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM). To assure the quality of bioanalytical methods, the design, development and validation needs to fit the intended use. Current validation requirements, described in guidelines for traditional matrices (blood, plasma, serum), do not cover all necessary aspects of method development, analytical- and clinical validation of DBS assays for TDM. Therefore, this guideline provides parameters required for the validation of quantitative determination of small molecule drugs in DBS using chromatographic methods, and to provide advice on how these can be assessed. In addition, guidance is given on the application of validated methods in a routine context. First, considerations for the method development stage are described covering sample collection procedure, type of filter paper and punch size, sample volume, drying and storage, internal standard incorporation, type of blood used, sample preparation and prevalidation. Second, common parameters regarding analytical validation are described in context of DBS analysis with the addition of DBS-specific parameters, such as volume-, volcano- and hematocrit effects. Third, clinical validation studies are described, including number of clinical samples and patients, comparison of DBS with venous blood, statistical methods and interpretation, spot quality, sampling procedure, duplicates, outliers, automated analysis methods and quality control programs. Lastly, cross-validation is discussed, covering changes made to existing sampling- and analysis methods. This guideline of the International Association of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Clinical Toxicology on the development, validation and evaluation of DBS-based methods for the purpose of TDM aims to contribute to high-quality micro sampling methods used in clinical practice.
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245
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Maráková K, Rai AJ, Schug KA. Effect of difluoroacetic acid and biological matrices on the development of a liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry method for determination of intact growth factor proteins. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:1663-1677. [PMID: 32052929 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201901254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In biological systems, variable protein expression is a crucial marker for numerous diseases, including cancer. The vast majority of liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry-based quantitative protein assays use bottom-up methodologies, where proteins are subjected to proteolytic cleavage prior to analysis. Here, the effect of difluoroacetic acid and biological matrices on the developement of a multiple reaction monitoring based top-down reversed-phase liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry method for analysis of cancer-related intact proteins was evaluated. Seven growth factors (5.5-26.5 kDa; isoelectric points: 4.6-9.9) were analyzed on a wide-pore C4 column. The optimized method was performed at 30°C, using a 0.2 mL/min flow rate, a 10 %B/min gradient slope, and 0.05% v/v difluoroacetic acid as a mobile phase modifier. The increase of mass spectrometry sensitivity due to the difluoroacetic acid (estimated limits of detection in biological matrices 1-500 ng/mL) significantly varied for proteins with lower and higher charge state distributions. Matrix effects, as well as the specificity of the method were assessed for variable biological samples and pretreatment methods. This work demonstrates method development to improve the ability to target intact proteins directly by more affordable triple quadrupole mass spectrometry instrumentation, which could be beneficial in many application fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarína Maráková
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Alex J Rai
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Kevin A Schug
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
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Fachi MM, Vilhena RO, Boger B, Domingos EL, Dos Santos JMMF, Junkert AM, de Fátima Cobre A, Momade DRO, Beraldi-Magalhães F, de Liz MV, Cordeiro-Santos M, Pontarolo R. LC-QToF-MS method for quantification of ethambutol, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and rifampicin in human plasma and its application. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 34:e4812. [PMID: 32068899 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In this research, we developed and validated a liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-QToF-MS) method for simultaneous quantification of the anti-tuberculosis drugs ethambutol, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and rifampicin in human plasma. Plasma samples spiked with cimetidine (internal standard) were extracted using protein precipitation with acetonitrile containing 1% formic acid. Separation was performed using a C18 column under flow gradient conditions with water and acetonitrile, both containing 5 mm ammonium formate and 0.1% formic acid. The method was validated according to the ANVISA and US Food and Drug Administration guidelines for bioanalytical method validation. The calibration curve was linear over a concentration range of 0.2-5 μg ml-1 for ethambutol, 0.2-7.5 μg ml-1 for isoniazid, 1-40 μg ml-1 for pyrazinamide and 0.25-2 μg ml-1 for rifampicin, all with adequate precision and accuracy. The method was reproducible, selective and free of carryover and matrix effects. The validated LC-QToF-MS method was successfully applied to real samples and shown to be applicable to future therapeutic and pharmacokinetic monitoring studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Beatriz Boger
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Eric Luiz Domingos
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Francisco Beraldi-Magalhães
- Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.,Doctor Heitor Vieira Dourado Tropical Medicine Foundation, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicinal Tropical, State University of Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinicius de Liz
- Academic Department of Chemistry and Biology, Federal University Technology - Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Cordeiro-Santos
- Doctor Heitor Vieira Dourado Tropical Medicine Foundation, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicinal Tropical, State University of Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Roberto Pontarolo
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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247
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IQ consortium perspective: complementary LBA and LC–MS in protein therapeutics bioanalysis and biotransformation assessment. Bioanalysis 2020; 12:257-270. [DOI: 10.4155/bio-2019-0279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasingly diverse large molecule modalities have driven the need for complex bioanalysis and biotransformation assessment involving both traditional ligand-binding assays (LBA) and more recent hybrid immunoaffinity LC–MS platforms. Given the scientific expertise in LBA and LC–MS typically resides in different functions within the industry, this has presented operational challenges for an integrated approach for bioanalysis and biotransformation assessment. Encouragingly, over time, the industry has recognized the complementary value of the two platforms. This has not been an easy transition as organizational structures vary widely within the industry. However, there are tremendous benefits in adopting fully integrated strategies for biopharma. This IQ consortium paper presents current perspectives across the biopharma industry. It highlights the technical and operational challenges in current large molecule bioanalysis, the value of collaborations across LBA and LC–MS, and scientific expertise for fully integrated strategies for bioanalysis and biotransformation.
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248
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LLopis B, Funck-Brentano C, Tissot N, Bleibtreu A, Jaureguiberry S, Fourniols E, Aubry A, Zahr N. Development and validation of a UPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous quantification of levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin and rifampicin in human plasma: Application to the therapeutic drug monitoring in osteoarticular infections. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 183:113137. [PMID: 32086125 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fluoroquinolones and rifampicin are antibiotics frequently used for the treatment of osteoarticular infections, and their therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a rapid and selective method of simultaneous quantification of levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin and rifampicin with short pretreatment and run times in order to be easily used in clinical practice. METHODS After a simple protein precipitation of plasma samples, the chromatographic separation was performed using an ultra-performance liquid chromatography system coupled with mass tandem spectrometry in a positive ionization mode. The mobile phase consisted of a gradient elution of water-formic acid (100:0.1, v/v)-ammonium acetate 2 mM (A) and methanol-formic acid (100:0.1, v/v)-ammonium acetate 2 mM (B) at a flow rate at 0.3 mL/min. RESULTS Analysis time was 5 min per run, and all analytes and internal standards eluted within 0.85-1.69 minutes. The calibration curves were linear over the range from 0.5-30 μg/mL for levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin and rifampicin with linear regression coefficients above 0.995 for all analytes. The intra-day and inter-day coefficients of variation were below 10 % for lower and higher concentration. This method was successfully applied to drug monitoring in patients with an osteoarticular infection. CONCLUSION A simple, rapid, and selective liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin and rifampicin in human plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit LLopis
- AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Pharmacology, CIC-1421, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Christian Funck-Brentano
- AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Pharmacology, CIC-1421, F-75013 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université Médecine, INSERM CIC Paris-Est, AP-HP, ICAN, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Pharmacology, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Nadine Tissot
- AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Pharmacology, CIC-1421, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Bleibtreu
- AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service des maladies infectieuses et médecine tropicale, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses de Paris, Centre National de Référence du Paludisme-site Pitié Salpetrière, Paris, F-75013, France
| | - Stéphane Jaureguiberry
- AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service des maladies infectieuses et médecine tropicale, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses de Paris, Centre National de Référence du Paludisme-site Pitié Salpetrière, Paris, F-75013, France
| | - Eric Fourniols
- AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Orthopedia, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Aubry
- Sorbonne Université, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses-Paris, Cimi-Paris, INSERM U1135, National Reference Center for Mycobacteria, Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Hygiène, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Noël Zahr
- AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Pharmacology, CIC-1421, F-75013 Paris, France.
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249
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Gardner A, Carpenter G, So PW. Salivary Metabolomics: From Diagnostic Biomarker Discovery to Investigating Biological Function. Metabolites 2020; 10:E47. [PMID: 31991929 PMCID: PMC7073850 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10020047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolomic profiling of biofluids, e.g., urine, plasma, has generated vast and ever-increasing amounts of knowledge over the last few decades. Paradoxically, metabolomic analysis of saliva, the most readily-available human biofluid, has lagged. This review explores the history of saliva-based metabolomics and summarizes current knowledge of salivary metabolomics. Current applications of salivary metabolomics have largely focused on diagnostic biomarker discovery and the diagnostic value of the current literature base is explored. There is also a small, albeit promising, literature base concerning the use of salivary metabolomics in monitoring athletic performance. Functional roles of salivary metabolites remain largely unexplored. Areas of emerging knowledge include the role of oral host-microbiome interactions in shaping the salivary metabolite profile and the potential roles of salivary metabolites in oral physiology, e.g., in taste perception. Discussion of future research directions describes the need to begin acquiring a greater knowledge of the function of salivary metabolites, a current research direction in the field of the gut metabolome. The role of saliva as an easily obtainable, information-rich fluid that could complement other gastrointestinal fluids in the exploration of the gut metabolome is emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Gardner
- Salivary Research, Centre for Host–Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dental, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK; (A.G.); (G.C.)
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Hospital and School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HR, UK
| | - Guy Carpenter
- Salivary Research, Centre for Host–Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dental, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK; (A.G.); (G.C.)
| | - Po-Wah So
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, London SE5 9RT, UK
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) can result in detrimental developmental complications. The objective of this study was to estimate the most recent PAE prevalence data for the state of West Virginia (WV) and associated factors. METHOD In all, 1830 newborn residual dried blood spots (DBS) in the WV Newborn Screening Repository were analyzed for phosphatidylethanol (PETH). Data were matched with Project WATCH data (94% match, N = 1729). RESULTS The prevalence of late pregnancy PAE was 8.10% (95%CI: 6.81, 9.38) for all births, 7.61% (95%CI: 6.26, 8.97) for WV residents only, and ranged from 2.27 to 17.11% by region. The significant factors associated with PAE included smoking (OR: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.40, 2.94), preterm births (OR: 1.88; 95% CI: 1.23, 2.89), birth weight of ≤2000 g vs. >3000 g (OR: 2.62, 95%CI: 1.19, 5.79), no exclusive breastfeeding intention (OR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.02, 2.04), and not exclusively breastfeeding before discharge (OR: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.38). CONCLUSION The prevalence of PAE is higher than previously shown for the state. Accurate and timely estimates are vital to inform public health workers, policymakers, researchers, and clinicians to develop and promote effective prevention strategies to lower PAE prevalence and provide targeted interventions and treatment services for infants affected by PAE.
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