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Hu W, Zhang L, Dong Y, Tian Z, Chen Y, Dong S. Tumour dormancy in inflammatory microenvironment: A promising therapeutic strategy for cancer-related bone metastasis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:5149-5169. [PMID: 32556373 PMCID: PMC11104789 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03572-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is a unique feature of malignant tumours. Even bone can become a common colonization site due to the tendency of solid tumours, including breast cancer (BCa) and prostate cancer (PCa), to metastasize to bone. Currently, a previous concept in tumour metabolism called tumour dormancy may be a promising target for antitumour treatment. When disseminated tumour cells (DTCs) metastasize to the bone microenvironment, they form a flexible regulatory network called the "bone-tumour-inflammation network". In this network, bone turnover as well as metabolism, tumour progression, angiogenesis and inflammatory responses are highly unified and coordinated, and a slight shift in this balance can result in the disruption of the microenvironment, uncontrolled inflammatory responses and excessive tumour growth. The purpose of this review is to highlight the regulatory effect of the "bone-tumour-inflammation network" in tumour dormancy. Osteoblast-secreted factors, bone turnover and macrophages are emphasized and occupy in the main part of the review. In addition, the prospective clinical application of tumour dormancy is also discussed, which shows the direction of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Hu
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Lincheng Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yutong Dong
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhansong Tian
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yueqi Chen
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
- Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Shiwu Dong
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
- Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
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252
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He X, Zhong X, Hu Z, Zhao S, Wei P, Li D. An insight into small extracellular vesicles: Their roles in colorectal cancer progression and potential clinical applications. Clin Transl Med 2020; 10:e249. [PMID: 33377655 PMCID: PMC7733319 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers and a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are nano-sized extracellular vesicles containing a variety of bioactive molecules, such as nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, and metabolites. Recent evidence from CRC has revealed that sEVs contribute to tumorigenesis, progression, and drug resistance, and serve as a tool for "liquid biopsy" and a drug delivery system for therapy. In this review, we summarize information about the roles of sEVs in the proliferation, invasion, migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, formation of the premetastatic niche, and drug resistance to elucidate the mechanisms governing sEVs in CRC and to identify novel targets for therapy and prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng He
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xinyang Zhong
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zijuan Hu
- Department of PathologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Cancer InstituteFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Institute of PathologyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Senlin Zhao
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ping Wei
- Department of PathologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Cancer InstituteFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Institute of PathologyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Dawei Li
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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253
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Wu J, Yu Y, Cheng Y, Cheng C, Zhang Y, Jiang B, Zhao X, Miao L, Wei H. Ligand‐Dependent Activity Engineering of Glutathione Peroxidase‐Mimicking MIL‐47(V) Metal–Organic Framework Nanozyme for Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:1227-1234. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangjiexing Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering and Applied Sciences Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC) Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210093 China
| | - Yijun Yu
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics Nanjing Stomatological Hospital Medical School of Nanjing University Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210093 China
| | - Yuan Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering and Applied Sciences Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC) Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210093 China
| | - Chaoqun Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering and Applied Sciences Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC) Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210093 China
| | - Yihong Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering and Applied Sciences Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC) Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210093 China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Urology Drum Tower Hospital Medical School of Nanjing University, Institute of Urology Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210008 China
| | - Xiaozhi Zhao
- Department of Urology Drum Tower Hospital Medical School of Nanjing University, Institute of Urology Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210008 China
| | - Leiying Miao
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics Nanjing Stomatological Hospital Medical School of Nanjing University Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210093 China
| | - Hui Wei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering and Applied Sciences Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC) Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210093 China
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210093 China
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254
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Wu J, Yu Y, Cheng Y, Cheng C, Zhang Y, Jiang B, Zhao X, Miao L, Wei H. Ligand‐Dependent Activity Engineering of Glutathione Peroxidase‐Mimicking MIL‐47(V) Metal–Organic Framework Nanozyme for Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangjiexing Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering and Applied Sciences Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC) Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210093 China
| | - Yijun Yu
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics Nanjing Stomatological Hospital Medical School of Nanjing University Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210093 China
| | - Yuan Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering and Applied Sciences Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC) Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210093 China
| | - Chaoqun Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering and Applied Sciences Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC) Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210093 China
| | - Yihong Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering and Applied Sciences Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC) Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210093 China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Urology Drum Tower Hospital Medical School of Nanjing University, Institute of Urology Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210008 China
| | - Xiaozhi Zhao
- Department of Urology Drum Tower Hospital Medical School of Nanjing University, Institute of Urology Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210008 China
| | - Leiying Miao
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics Nanjing Stomatological Hospital Medical School of Nanjing University Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210093 China
| | - Hui Wei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering and Applied Sciences Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC) Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210093 China
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210093 China
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255
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Ruan J, Ouyang M, Zhang W, Luo Y, Zhou D. The effect of PD-1 expression on tumor-associated macrophage in T cell lymphoma. Clin Transl Oncol 2020; 23:1134-1141. [PMID: 33211280 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-020-02499-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our study aimed to explore the programmed death 1 (PD-1) expression on tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) in T cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (T-NHL) and its relationship with lymphoma prognosis. The effect of PD-1 expression on the function of macrophages was also studied. METHODS Multispectral image quantitative analysis was applied for detecting PD-1 expression on macrophages in T cell lymphoma tissues. The Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to evaluate the value of PD-1 expression of TAM in predicting the overall survival of T-NHL. PD-1 overexpression THP-1-derived macrophage was constructed and was cocultured with Jurkat cells to explore the effect of PD-1 on macrophage function. RESULTS In 17 T cell lymphoma cases, the 1-year overall survival rate was significantly lower in patients with higher PD-1 expression on TAMs (0.25 vs 0.86, p < 0.05). After co-cultured with Jurkat cells, classically activated (M1)-related markers on PD-1 overexpressed macrophages were significantly lower than those on controls, while the expressions of alternatively activated (M2) related markers were similar. The PD-1 overexpressed macrophages showed inhibited phagocytosis (4.42% vs 40.7%, p < 0.001) and increased IL-10 secretion (144.48 pg/ml vs 32.32 pg/ml, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION High PD-1 expression on TAMs in T-NHL may predict poor prognosis. The PD-1 overexpression of macrophages significantly inhibited polarization of M1 macrophages and phagocytosis, and more IL-10 was excreted. These changes may enhance the pro-tumor effects of tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ruan
- Department of Hematology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - M Ouyang
- Department of Hematology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.,Department of Cardiovascule, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - W Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Y Luo
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking, Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - D Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
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256
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Activation of c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase, a Potential Therapeutic Target in Autoimmune Arthritis. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112466. [PMID: 33198301 PMCID: PMC7696795 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) is a critical mediator involved in various physiological processes, such as immune responses, and the pathogenesis of various diseases, including autoimmune disorders. JNK is one of the crucial downstream signaling molecules of various immune triggers, mainly proinflammatory cytokines, in autoimmune arthritic conditions, mainly including rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and psoriatic arthritis. The activation of JNK is regulated in a complex manner by upstream kinases and phosphatases. Noticeably, different subtypes of JNKs behave differentially in immune responses. Furthermore, aside from biologics targeting proinflammatory cytokines, small-molecule inhibitors targeting signaling molecules such as Janus kinases can act as very powerful therapeutics in autoimmune arthritis patients unresponsiveness to conventional synthetic antirheumatic drugs. Nevertheless, despite these encouraging therapies, a population of patients with an inadequate therapeutic response to all currently available medications still remains. These findings identify the critical signaling molecule JNK as an attractive target for investigation of the immunopathogenesis of autoimmune disorders and for consideration as a potential therapeutic target for patients with autoimmune arthritis to achieve better disease control. This review provides a useful overview of the roles of JNK, how JNK is regulated in immunopathogenic responses, and the potential of therapeutically targeting JNK in patients with autoimmune arthritis.
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257
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Zhou C, Lu C, Pu H, Li D, Zhang L. TRAF6 promotes IL-4-induced M2 macrophage activation by stabilizing STAT6. Mol Immunol 2020; 127:223-229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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258
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Xiaoming A, Wenbo J, Jinyi W, Bin W, Chunyang H, Qi C, Lianbao K. Macrophage Regnase-1 Deletion Deteriorates Liver Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Through Regulation of Macrophage Polarization. Front Physiol 2020; 11:582347. [PMID: 33192591 PMCID: PMC7658104 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.582347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Regnase-1 (MCPIP) has been identified as an anti-inflammatory agent, but little is known about its influence on liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Macrophages can evolve biphasic responses and differentiate into remarkable polarizations, contributing greatly to the uncontrolled inflammatory cascades during liver I/R injury. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore whether regnase-1 participated in liver I/R via manipulating macrophage polarization. Materials and methods C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into five groups: Sham, I/R, Clodronate, Clo + BMDM, and Clo + LV MCPIP BMDM. A liver I/R model was established, and histopathological and immunostaining examinations were performed for the liver specimens; double immunofluorescence staining was used to localize MCPIP in the liver. Primary hepatocytes were isolated to simulate a hypoxia and reoxygenation (H/R) model in vitro. Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) were extracted and subjected to lentiviral transduction to knockdown MCPIP expression. BMDM with or without MCPIP deletion were exposed to H/R supernatants, and the polarized states were measured by flow cytometry. RT-PCR analysis and Western blot were also conducted. Results Compared to those in the Sham group, liver functions and Suzuki’s scores were deteriorated in the I/R group, which were reversed in the Clodronate group. The increased expression of regnase-1 in the I/R group diminished with pretreatment of clodronate liposomes. Subsequent double immunofluorescence staining established the localization of regnase-1 in macrophages in the liver. The insulted lesions in the Clodronate group became progressively aggravated with adoptive transfer of BMDM in the Clo + BMDM group, and they were further exacerbated with the transfusion of BMDM with MCPIP knockdown in the Clo + LV MCPIP BMDM group. Gene expressions of M1 and M2 markers were detected by RT-PCR, suggesting that MCPIP knockdown tended to favor the M1 transformation. Subsequently, ex vivo flow cytometrical detection showed that, upon stimulation by H/R supernatants, LV-MCPIP BMDM posed a higher ratio of M1/M2 than BMDM. Finally, we found that MCPIP participated in macrophage M1/M2 polarization through the NF-κB, C/EBPβ, and PPARγ signaling pathways during liver I/R. Conclusion Our study confirms that regnase-1 plays a critical role in liver I/R via regulation of macrophage polarization and, thus, might offer a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Xiaoming
- Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of General Surgery, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Wenbo
- Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wang Jinyi
- Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wu Bin
- Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hu Chunyang
- Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Qi
- Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kong Lianbao
- Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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259
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Moore EM, Maestas DR, Comeau HY, Elisseeff JH. The Immune System and Its Contribution to Variability in Regenerative Medicine. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2020; 27:39-47. [PMID: 32635878 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2019.0335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The immune system plays a critical role in directing tissue repair and regeneration outcomes. Tissue engineering technologies that are designed to promote new tissue growth will therefore be impacted by immune factors that are present in patients both locally at the site of intervention and systemically. The immune state of patients can be influenced by many factors, including infection, nutrition, and other disease comorbidities. As a result, the immune state is highly variable and may be a source of variability in tissue-engineered products in the clinic, which is not found in preclinical models. In this review, we will summarize key immune cells and evidence of their activity in tissue repair and potential in tissue engineering systems. We also discuss how clinical translation of tissue engineering strategies, in particular stem cells, helped elucidate the importance of the immune system. With increased understanding of the immune system's role in repair and tissue engineering systems, it will likely become a therapeutic target and component of future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika M Moore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - David R Maestas
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Hannah Y Comeau
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennifer H Elisseeff
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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260
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Zhou D, Wu Y, Wang S, Li J, Luan J. Harnessing noncoding RNA-based macrophage polarization: Emerging therapeutic opportunities for fibrosis. IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE 2020; 8:793-806. [PMID: 33080104 PMCID: PMC7654411 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aim Organ fibrosis is a common pathological outcome of persistent tissue injury correlated with organ failure and death. Although current antifibrotic therapies have led to unprecedented successes, only a minority of patients with fibrosis benefit from these treatments. There is an urgent need to identify new targets and biomarkers that could be exploited in the diagnosis and treatment of fibrosis. Methods Macrophages play a dual role in the fibrogenesis across different organs either by promoting pro‐inflammatory or anti‐inflammatory responses. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been demonstrated to play key roles in macrophage functions by manipulating macrophage polarization. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of ncRNA‐associated macrophage polarization is important to move toward therapeutic interventions. Results In this review, we provide an overview of recent insights into the role of ncRNAs in different fibrotic diseases by modulating macrophage phenotypic plasticity and functional heterogeneity. We also discuss the potential mechanisms of different ncRNAs integrate heterogeneous macrophages in fibrogenesis,including regulatory signatures, networks, and reciprocal interactions. Conclusions A broader understanding of how ncRNA‐directed macrophage phenotype transition in immunity and fibrosis might promote the development of a novel strategy for antifibrotic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexi Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yilai Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jiajie Luan
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
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261
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Ganesan R, Henkels KM, Shah K, De La Rosa X, Libreros S, Cheemarla NR, Serhan CN, Gomez-Cambronero J. D-series Resolvins activate Phospholipase D in phagocytes during inflammation and resolution. FASEB J 2020; 34:15888-15906. [PMID: 33047359 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201903025rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A successful acute inflammatory response results in the elimination of infectious agents by neutrophils and monocytes, followed by resolution and repair through tissue-resident and recruited macrophages. Resolvins (D-series and E-series) are pro-resolving lipid mediators involved in resolution and tissue repair, whose intracellular signaling remains of interest. Here, we report that D-series resolvins (RvD1- RvD5) activate phospholipase D (PLD), a ubiquitously expressed membrane lipase enzyme activity in modulating phagocyte functions. The mechanism for PLD-mediated actions of Resolvin-D5 (RvD5) in polarizing macrophages (M1-like toward M2-like) was found to be two-pronged: (a) RvD5 inhibits post-transcriptional modifications, by miRs and 3'exonucleases that process PLD2 mRNA, thus increasing PLD2 expression and activity; and (b) RvD5 enhances PLD2-S6Kinase signaling required for membrane expansion and efferocytosis. In an in vivo model of second organ reflow injury, we found that RvD5 did not reduce lung neutrophil myeloperoxidase levels in PLD2-/- mice compared to WT and PLD1-/- mice, confirming a novel role of PLD2 as the isoform in RvD5-mediated resolution processes. These results demonstrate that RvD5-PLD2 are attractive targets for therapeutic interventions in vascular inflammation such as ischemia-reperfusion injury and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Ganesan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wright State University School of Medicine, Dayton, OH, USA.,Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karen M Henkels
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wright State University School of Medicine, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Krushangi Shah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wright State University School of Medicine, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Xavier De La Rosa
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephania Libreros
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nagarjuna R Cheemarla
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julian Gomez-Cambronero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wright State University School of Medicine, Dayton, OH, USA.,Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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262
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Semple SL, Dixon B. Salmonid Antibacterial Immunity: An Aquaculture Perspective. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:E331. [PMID: 33050557 PMCID: PMC7599743 DOI: 10.3390/biology9100331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The aquaculture industry is continuously threatened by infectious diseases, including those of bacterial origin. Regardless of the disease burden, aquaculture is already the main method for producing fish protein, having displaced capture fisheries. One attractive sector within this industry is the culture of salmonids, which are (a) uniquely under pressure due to overfishing and (b) the most valuable finfish per unit of weight. There are still knowledge gaps in the understanding of fish immunity, leading to vaccines that are not as effective as in terrestrial species, thus a common method to combat bacterial disease outbreaks is the use of antibiotics. Though effective, this method increases both the prevalence and risk of generating antibiotic-resistant bacteria. To facilitate vaccine design and/or alternative treatment efforts, a deeper understanding of the teleost immune system is essential. This review highlights the current state of teleost antibacterial immunity in the context of salmonid aquaculture. Additionally, the success of current techniques/methods used to combat bacterial diseases in salmonid aquaculture will be addressed. Filling the immunology knowledge gaps highlighted here will assist in reducing aquaculture losses in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian Dixon
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada;
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263
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Zhu Y, Ma Z, Kong L, He Y, Chan HF, Li H. Modulation of macrophages by bioactive glass/sodium alginate hydrogel is crucial in skin regeneration enhancement. Biomaterials 2020; 256:120216. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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264
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Normile TG, Bryan AM, Del Poeta M. Animal Models of Cryptococcus neoformans in Identifying Immune Parameters Associated With Primary Infection and Reactivation of Latent Infection. Front Immunol 2020; 11:581750. [PMID: 33042164 PMCID: PMC7522366 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.581750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcus species are environmental fungal pathogens and the causative agents of cryptococcosis. Infection occurs upon inhalation of infectious particles, which proliferate in the lung causing a primary infection. From this primary lung infection, fungal cells can eventually disseminate to other organs, particularly the brain, causing lethal meningoencephalitis. However, in most cases, the primary infection resolves with the formation of a lung granuloma. Upon severe immunodeficiency, dormant cryptococcal cells will start proliferating in the lung granuloma and eventually will disseminate to the brain. Many investigators have sought to study the protective host immune response to this pathogen in search of host parameters that keep the proliferation of cryptococcal cells under control. The majority of the work assimilates research carried out using the primary infection animal model, mainly because a reactivation model has been available only very recently. This review will focus on anti-cryptococcal immunity in both the primary and reactivation models. An understanding of the differences in host immunity between the primary and reactivation models will help to define the key host parameters that control the infections and are important for the research and development of new therapeutic and vaccine strategies against cryptococcosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler G Normile
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Arielle M Bryan
- Ingenious Targeting Laboratory Incorporated, Ronkonkoma, NY, United States
| | - Maurizio Del Poeta
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States.,Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States.,Veterans Administration Medical Center, Northport, NY, United States
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265
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Yu Y, Luo Y, Fang Z, Teng W, Yu Y, Tian J, Guo P, Xu R, Wu J, Li Y. Mechanism of Sanguinarine in Inhibiting Macrophages to Promote Metastasis and Proliferation of Lung Cancer via Modulating the Exosomes in A549 Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:8989-9003. [PMID: 32982290 PMCID: PMC7490052 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s261054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Sanguinarine (SNG) is a benzophenanthridine alkaloid obtained from the roots of Sanguinaria canadensis and has an anticancer effect. The aim of this study was to explore the mechanism of SNG in inhibiting macrophages via regulating the exosomes derived from lung carcinoma cells to reduce metastasis and proliferation of lung carcinoma. Methods Human lung cancer cells (A549 cells) were treated with 4μM of SNG. Exosomes of A549 cells were extracted from A549 cells supernatant, and THP-1 cells were cultured with exosomes. Then, the supernatant of THP-1 cells was collected and cultured with A549 cells. Cell proliferation was measured via plate clone formation and CCK-8 assays. Migration was assessed by using Transwell assay and scratch test. Cellular invasion was detected by Transwell assay. Apoptosis was determined using flow cytometry. Moreover, the protein expressions of GAPDH, P65 and P-P65 in THP-1 cells were measured by Western blot. Levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and chemotactic cytokines ligand 2 (CCL-2) extracted from THP-1 cells were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results Compared to the control group, exosomes could activate THP-1 cells, and the invasion, migration, and proliferation of A549 cells were consequently enhanced. Exosomes could increase the protein expression of p-p65 and the RNA expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and CCL-2 in THP-1 cells. Compared with the exosome group, SNG-treated exosomes inhibited THP-1 cells so that the invasion, proliferation, and migration of A549 cells were attenuated and apoptosis was promoted. In THP-1 cells, SNG-treated exosomes inhibited P-P65 expression and the RNA expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and CCL-2. Conclusion Exosomes treated by SNG inhibited THP-1 cells so that the invasion, proliferation, and migration of A549 cells were inhibited, and the apoptosis was promoted. The mechanism is possibly associated with the inhibition of NF-κB pathway in THP-1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Yu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingbin Luo
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihong Fang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Teng
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongchun Yu
- Institute for Thoracic Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhui Tian
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Oncology, Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Guo
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongzhong Xu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianchun Wu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, People's Republic of China
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266
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Dinesh P, Kalaiselvan S, Sujitha S, Rasool M. MicroRNA-532-3p Regulates Pro-Inflammatory Human THP-1 Macrophages by Targeting ASK1/p38 MAPK Pathway. Inflammation 2020; 44:229-242. [PMID: 32876895 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-020-01325-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a complex biological process which alters the normal physiological function of the immune system resulting in an abnormal microenvironment that leads to several clinical complications. The process of inflammation is mediated through various intracellular signaling factors inside the cells. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) is an inflammation-derived kinase that controls the activation of other family of kinases such as p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 MAPKs), which mediates various the inflammatory processes. In this study, we cultured THP-1 macrophage cells to undergo inflammatory proliferation with LPS (1 μg/ml) and TNFα (10 ng/ml) stimulation. Initial in silico analysis was utilized to predict novel microRNAs (miRNAs) that target ASK1 signaling and its expression levels in LPS and TNFα stimulated THP-1 cells were estimated. Among the miRNAs, miR-532-3p showcased the highest binding affinity towards ASK1 kinase. We witnessed that transient transfection of miR-532-3p diminished the levels of ASK1 and downstream phosphorylation/translocation of p38 MAPK. Furthermore, direct targeting of ASK1 resulted in regulation of uncontrolled release of cytokines (TNFα, IL-6, and IL-23) and chemokines (GM-CSF and MIP-2α). Overall, we suggest that miR-532-3p attenuates the pro-inflammatory nature of macrophages by targeting ASK1/p38 MAPK signaling pathway and can be used as a molecular intervention for treating inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palani Dinesh
- SMV 240, Immunopathology Lab, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632 014, India
| | - Sowmiya Kalaiselvan
- SMV 240, Immunopathology Lab, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632 014, India
| | - Sali Sujitha
- SMV 240, Immunopathology Lab, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632 014, India
| | - Mahaboobkhan Rasool
- SMV 240, Immunopathology Lab, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632 014, India.
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267
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Wang JH, Liu XL, Sun JM, Yang JH, Xu DH, Yan SS. Role of mesenchymal stem cell derived extracellular vesicles in autoimmunity: A systematic review. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:879-896. [PMID: 32952864 PMCID: PMC7477661 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i8.879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been reported to possess immune regulatory effects in innate and adaptive immune reactions. MSCs can mediate intercellular communications by releasing extracellular vesicles (EVs), which deliver functional molecules to targeted cells. MSC derived EVs (MSC-EVs) confer altering effects on many immune cells, including T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages. A large number of studies have suggested that MSC-EVs participate in regulating autoimmunity related diseases. This characteristic of MSC-EVs makes them be potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of autoimmunity related diseases.
AIM To verify the potential of MSC-EVs for molecular targeted therapy of autoimmunity related diseases.
METHODS Literature search was conducted in PubMed to retrieve the articles published between 2010 and 2020 in the English language. The keywords, such as “MSCs,” “EVs,” “exosome,” “autoimmunity,” “tumor immunity,” and “transplantation immunity,” and Boolean operator “AND” and “NOT” coalesced admirably to be used for searching studies on the specific molecular mechanisms of MSC-EVs in many immune cell types and many autoimmunity related diseases. Studies that did not investigate the molecular mechanisms of MSC-EVs in the occurrence and development of autoimmune diseases were excluded.
RESULTS A total of 96 articles were chosen for final reference lists. After analyzing those publications, we found that it had been well documented that MSC-EVs have the ability to induce multiple immune cells, like T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages, to regulate immune responses in innate immunity and adaptive immunity. Many validated EVs-delivered molecules have been identified as key biomarkers, such as proteins, lipids, and nucleotides. Some EVs-encapsulated functional molecules can serve as promising therapeutic targets particularly for autoimmune disease.
CONCLUSION MSC-EVs play an equally important part in the differentiation, activation, and proliferation of immune cells, and they may become potential biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment of autoimmunity related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Hua Wang
- Clinical Medicine College, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yantai Shan Hospital, Yantai 264001, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jian-Mei Sun
- Department of Chemistry, School of Applied Chemistry, Food and Drug, Weifang Engineering Vocational College, Qingzhou 262500, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jing-Han Yang
- Clinical Medicine College, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Dong-Hua Xu
- Department of Rheumatology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital, Weifang 261000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shu-Shan Yan
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Anal Diseases Surgery of the Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, Shandong Province, China
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268
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Wang B, Wu Y, Liu R, Xu H, Mei X, Shang Q, Liu S, Yu D, Li W. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG promotes M1 polarization in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages by activating TLR2/MyD88/MAPK signaling pathway. Anim Sci J 2020; 91:e13439. [PMID: 32779289 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is increasingly applied in functional food products and acts as a probiotic model in nutritious and clinical studies. Increasing evidences have revealed the immune modulation of LGG on macrophages. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of LGG on macrophage polarization of murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). BMDMs were treated with 108 colony-forming units (CFU)/ml LGG for 1.5, 3, and 6 hr. Results showed that LGG obviously upregulated the mRNA expression of M1-associated cytokines (p < .05), including interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), whereas had no effect on the expression of M2-associated markers (p > .05), including arginase 1 (Arg1), mannose receptor, and chitinase-like protein 3 (YM1). Furthermore, LGG markedly increased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-12p40, cyclooxygenase-2 [COX-2], and interferon-γ [IFN-γ]) (p < .05) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, IL-4, and transforming growth factor-β [TGF-β]) (p < .05). In addition, we also found that TLR2/MyD88/MAPK signaling pathway was required for LGG-induced M1 macrophage polarization and M1-related cytokines expression. Together, these findings demonstrate that probiotic LGG facilitates M1 polarization of BMDMs, suggesting that LGG may have an immunotherapeutic potential in regulating the host defense against pathogen invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baikui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rongrong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Han Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Mei
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinqin Shang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shijie Liu
- National Animal Husbandry Service, Beijing, China
| | - Dongyou Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weifen Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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269
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Liu Y, Bastiaan-Net S, Wichers HJ. Current Understanding of the Structure and Function of Fungal Immunomodulatory Proteins. Front Nutr 2020; 7:132. [PMID: 33015115 PMCID: PMC7461872 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal immunomodulatory proteins (FIPs) are a group of proteins found in fungi, which are extensively studied for their immunomodulatory activity. Currently, more than 38 types of FIPs have been described. Based on their conserved structure and protein identity, FIPs can be classified into five subgroups: Fve-type FIPs (Pfam PF09259), Cerato-type FIPs (Pfam PF07249), PCP-like FIPs, TFP-like FIPs, and unclassified FIPs. Among the five subgroups, Fve-type FIPs are the most studied for their hemagglutinating, immunomodulating, and anti-cancer properties. In general, these small proteins consist of 110–125 amino acids, with a molecular weight of ~13 kDa. The other four subgroups are relatively less studied, but also show a noticeable influence on immune cells. In this review, we summarized the protein modifications, 3-dimensional structures and bioactivities of all types of FIPs. Moreover, structure-function relationship of FIPs has been discussed, including relationship between carbohydrate binding module and hemagglutination, correlation of oligomerization and cytokine induction, relevance of glycosylation and lymphocyte activation. This summary and discussion may help gain comprehensive understanding of FIPs' working mechanisms and scope future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusi Liu
- Laboratory of Food Enzyme Engineering, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, China.,Wageningen Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.,Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Shanna Bastiaan-Net
- Wageningen Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Harry J Wichers
- Wageningen Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.,Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
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270
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Yu H, Xiong J, Qiu J, He X, Sheng H, Dai Q, Li D, Xin R, Jiang L, Li Q, Chen Q, Peng J, Wang M, Rao X, Zhang K. Type III Secretion Protein, PcrV, Impairs Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Formation by Increasing M1 Macrophage-Mediated Anti-bacterial Activities. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1971. [PMID: 32903626 PMCID: PMC7438568 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms employ a variety of strategies to hijack the host immune defense system to achieve chronic infection. However, the bacterial components that are involved in this process are not yet fully understood. PcrV, a needle tip protein of the P. aeruginosa type III secretion system (T3SS), was downregulated during P. aeruginosa biofilm infection. The impaired expression of the P. aeruginosa pcrV gene is associated with attenuated immune activation and an increased percentage of M2 macrophages following P. aeruginosa biofilm infection. Treatment with exogenous PcrV produced from Escherichia coli elevated tissue inflammation and the percentage of M1 macrophages, resulting in reduction in the biofilm burden. Further analyses demonstrated that the potential of PcrV to induce classically activated M1 macrophages as evidenced by the increased production of proinflammatory cytokines and anti-bacterial mediators, including inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as increased phagocytosis of bacteria. Mechanistically, PcrV-mediated promotion of macrophage M1 polarization and phagocytosis occurs through the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and NF-κB signaling pathways. Collectively, these findings reveal a potential role of PcrV in skewing host immune defense to promote P. aeruginosa biofilm infection and provide new insights into the therapeutic strategies for P. aeruginosa biofilm infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Yu
- Central Laboratory, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junzhi Xiong
- Central Laboratory, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Qiu
- Central Laboratory, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaomei He
- Central Laboratory, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Halei Sheng
- Central Laboratory, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Dai
- Central Laboratory, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Defeng Li
- Central Laboratory, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rong Xin
- Central Laboratory, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Jiang
- Central Laboratory, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Li
- Central Laboratory, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Central Laboratory, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin Peng
- Central Laboratory, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Maolin Wang
- Central Laboratory, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiancai Rao
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kebin Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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271
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Regulating the Polarization of Macrophages: A Promising Approach to Vascular Dermatosis. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:8148272. [PMID: 32775470 PMCID: PMC7407038 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8148272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages, a kind of innate immune cells, derive from monocytes in circulation and play a crucial role in the innate and adaptive immunity. Under the stimulation of the signals from local microenvironment, macrophages generally tend to differentiate into two main functional phenotypes depending on their high plasticity and heterogeneity, namely, classically activated macrophage (M1) and alternatively activated macrophage (M2). This phenomenon is often called macrophage polarization. In pathological conditions, chronic persistent inflammation could induce an aberrant response of macrophage and cause a shift in their phenotypes. Moreover, this shift would result in the alteration of macrophage polarization in some vascular dermatoses; e.g., an increase in proinflammatory M1 emerges from Behcet's disease (BD), psoriasis, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), whereas an enhancement in anti-inflammatory M2 appears in infantile hemangioma (IH). Individual polarized phenotypes and their complicated cytokine networks may crucially mediate in the pathological processes of some vascular diseases (vascular dermatosis in particular) by activation of T cell subsets (such as Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg cells), deterioration of oxidative stress damage, and induction of angiogenesis, but the specific mechanism remains ambiguous. Therefore, in this review, we discuss the possible role of macrophage polarization in the pathological processes of vascular skin diseases. In addition, it is proposed that regulation of macrophage polarization may become a potential strategy for controlling these disorders.
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272
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The immunoregulatory function of polyphenols: implications in cancer immunity. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 85:108428. [PMID: 32679443 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenols have demonstrated several potential biological activities, notably antitumoral activity dependent on immune function. In the present review, we describe studies that investigated antitumor immune responses influenced by polyphenols and the mechanisms by which polyphenols improve the immune response. We also discuss the limitations in related areas, especially unexplored areas of research, and next steps required to develop a therapeutic approach utilizing polyphenols in oncology.
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273
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Xu J, Duan Z, Qi X, Ou Y, Guo X, Zi L, Wei Y, Liu H, Ma L, Li H, You C, Tian M. Injectable Gelatin Hydrogel Suppresses Inflammation and Enhances Functional Recovery in a Mouse Model of Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:785. [PMID: 32760708 PMCID: PMC7371925 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating subtype of stroke with high morbidity and mortality. However, there is no effective therapy method to improve its clinical outcomes to date. Here we report an injectable gelatin hydrogel that is capable of suppressing inflammation and enhancing functional recovery in a mouse model of ICH. Thiolated gelatin was synthesized by EDC chemistry and then the hydrogel was formed through Michael addition reaction between the thiolated gelatin and polyethylene glycol diacrylate. The hydrogel was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, porosity, rheology, and cytotoxicity before evaluating in a mouse model of ICH. The in vivo study showed that the hydrogel injection into the ICH lesion reduced the neuron loss, attenuated the neurological deficit post-operation, and decreased the activation of the microglia/macrophages and astrocytes. More importantly, the pro-inflammatory M1 microglia/macrophages polarization was suppressed while the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype was promoted after the hydrogel injection. Besides, the hydrogel injection reduced the release of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α). Moreover, integrin β1 was confirmed up-regulated around the lesion that is positively correlated with the M2 microglia/macrophages. The related mechanism was proposed and discussed. Taken together, the injectable gelatin hydrogel suppressed the inflammation which might contribute to enhance the functional recovery of the ICH mouse, making it a promising application in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiake Xu
- Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhongxin Duan
- Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Qi
- Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Ou
- Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi Guo
- Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liu Zi
- Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Wei
- Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao You
- Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China Brain Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meng Tian
- Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China Brain Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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274
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Addition of High Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid to Fibroblast-Like Stromal Cells Modulates Endogenous Hyaluronic Acid Metabolism and Enhances Proteolytic Processing and Secretion of Versican. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071681. [PMID: 32668663 PMCID: PMC7407811 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We have examined the effect of exogenous linear chain high molecular weight hyaluronic acid (HMW HA) on endogenously synthesized hyaluronic acid (HA) and associated binding proteins in primary cultures of fibroblast-like stromal cells that were obtained by collagenase digestion of the murine peripatellar fat pad. The cultures were expanded in DMEM that was supplemented with fetal bovine serum and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) then exposed to macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (MCSF) to induce macrophage properties, before activation of inflammatory pathways using E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Under all culture conditions, a significant amount of endogenously synthesized HA localized in LAMP1-positive lysosomal vesicles. However, this intracellular pool was depleted after the addition of exogenous HMW HA and was accompanied by enhanced proteolytic processing and secretion of de novo synthesized versican, much of which was associated with endosomal compartments. No changes were detected in synthesis, secretion, or proteolytic processing of aggrecan or lubricin (PRG4). The addition of HMW HA also modulated a range of LPS-affected genes in the TLR signaling and phagocytosis pathways, as well as endogenous HA metabolism genes, such as Has1, Hyal1, Hyal2, and Tmem2. However, there was no evidence for association of endogenous or exogenous HMW HA with cell surface CD44, TLR2 or TLR4 protein, suggesting that its physiochemical effects on pericelluar pH and/or ionic strength might be the primary modulators of signal transduction and vesicular trafficking by this cell type. We discuss the implications of these findings in terms of a potential in vivo effect of therapeutically applied HMW HA on the modification of osteoarthritis-related joint pathologies, such as pro-inflammatory and degradative responses of multipotent mesenchymal cells residing in the synovial membrane, the underlying adipose tissue, and the articular cartilage surface.
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275
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Macrophage Long Non-Coding RNAs in Pathogenesis of Cardiovascular Disease. Noncoding RNA 2020; 6:ncrna6030028. [PMID: 32664594 PMCID: PMC7549353 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna6030028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is inextricably linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Macrophages themselves play important roles in atherosclerosis, as well as acute and chronic heart failure. Although the role of macrophages in CVD pathophysiology is well-recognized, little is known regarding the precise mechanisms influencing their function in these contexts. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as significant regulators of macrophage function; as such, there is rising interest in understanding how these nucleic acids influence macrophage signaling, cell fate decisions, and activity in health and disease. In this review, we summarize current knowledge regarding lncRNAs in directing various aspects of macrophage function in CVD. These include foam cell formation, Toll-like receptor (TLR) and NF-kβ signaling, and macrophage phenotype switching. This review will provide a comprehensive understanding concerning previous, ongoing, and future studies of lncRNAs in macrophage functions and their importance in CVD.
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276
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Chen X, Tang J, Shuai W, Meng J, Feng J, Han Z. Macrophage polarization and its role in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome. Inflamm Res 2020; 69:883-895. [PMID: 32647933 PMCID: PMC7347666 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-020-01378-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Macrophages are highly plastic cells. Under different stimuli, macrophages can be polarized into several different subsets. Two main macrophage subsets have been suggested: classically activated or inflammatory (M1) macrophages and alternatively activated or anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages. Macrophage polarization is governed by a highly complex set of regulatory networks. Many recent studies have shown that macrophages are key orchestrators in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and that regulation of macrophage polarization may improve the prognosis of ALI/ARDS. A further understanding of the mechanisms of macrophage polarization is expected to be helpful in the development of novel therapeutic targets to treat ALI/ARDS. Therefore, we performed a literature review to summarize the regulatory mechanisms of macrophage polarization and its role in the pathogenesis of ALI/ARDS. METHODS A computer-based online search was performed using the PubMed database and Web of Science database for published articles concerning macrophages, macrophage polarization, and ALI/ARDS. RESULTS In this review, we discuss the origin, polarization, and polarization regulation of macrophages as well as the role of macrophage polarization in various stages of ARDS. According to the current literature, regulating the polarized state of macrophages might be a potential therapeutic strategy against ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuxin Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Sixth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, No. 6 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Jian Tang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Sixth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, No. 6 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Weizheng Shuai
- Department of ICU, The Sixth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Jiguang Meng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Sixth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, No. 6 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Jian Feng
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Luzhou, 646000, China.
| | - Zhihai Han
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Sixth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, No. 6 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100037, China.
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277
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Cheng WL, Zhang Q, Cao JL, Chen XL, Li W, Zhang L, Chao SP, Zhao F. ALK7 Acts as a Positive Regulator of Macrophage Activation through Down-Regulation of PPARγ Expression. J Atheroscler Thromb 2020; 28:375-384. [PMID: 32641645 PMCID: PMC8147563 DOI: 10.5551/jat.54445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Activin receptor-like kinase 7 (ALK7) acts as a key receptor for TGF-β family members, which play important roles in regulating cardiovascular activity. However, ALK7's potential role, and underlying mechanism, in the macrophage activation involved in atherogenesis remain unexplored. Methods: ALK7 expression in macrophages was tested by RT-PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence co-staining. The loss-of-function strategy using AdshALK7 was performed for functional study. Oil Red O staining was used to observe the foam cell formation, while inflammatory mediators and genes related to cholesterol efflux and influx were determined by RT-PCR and western blot. A PPARγ inhibitor (G3335) was used to reveal whether PPARγ was required for ALK7 to affect macrophage activation. Results: The results exhibited upregulated ALK7 expression in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) induced bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs) and mouse peritoneal macrophages (MPMs), isolated from ApoE-deficient mice, while ALK7's strong immunoreactivity in BMDMs was observed. ALK7 knockdown significantly attenuated pro-inflammatory, but promoted anti-inflammatory, macrophage markers expression. Additionally, ALK7 silencing decreased foam cell formation, accompanied by the up-regulation of ABCA1 and ABCG1 involved in cholesterol efflux but the down-regulation of CD36 and SR-A implicated in cholesterol influx. Mechanistically, ALK7 knockdown upregulated PPARγ expression, which was required for the ameliorated effect of ALK7 silencing macrophage activation. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that ALK7 was a positive regulator for macrophage activation, partially through down-regulation of PPARγ expression, which suggested that neutralizing ALK7 might be promising therapeutic strategy for treating atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Lin Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan hospital, Wuhan University
| | - Quan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
| | - Jian-Lei Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan hospital, Wuhan University
| | - Xi-Lu Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital,Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
| | - Wenyan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Nanchang
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan hospital, Wuhan University
| | - Sheng-Ping Chao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan hospital, Wuhan University
| | - Fang Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan hospital, Wuhan University
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278
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Li Y, Zhai P, Zheng Y, Zhang J, Kellum JA, Peng Z. Csf2 Attenuated Sepsis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Promoting Alternative Macrophage Transition. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1415. [PMID: 32733471 PMCID: PMC7358306 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory state that occurs in response to infection and significantly increases mortality in combination with acute kidney injury (AKI). Macrophages accumulate in the kidney after injury and undergo a transition from a proinflammatory (M1) phenotype to an alternatively activated (M2) phenotype that is required for normal repair. However, the specific signals that regulate the transition from the M1 to M2 phenotype in vivo are unknown. Here, we found an unexpected role of Colony stimulating factor 2 (Csf2) in controlling macrophage transition in vitro and in a mouse model of sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). We first co-cultured human M1 macrophages with HK-2 cells and characterized cytokine/chemokine profiles via Luminex. Of the cytokines and chemokines that were overexpressed in medium from M1 macrophages cocultured with human kidney-2 (HK-2) cells compared with that from M1 macrophages cultured alone, Csf2 and IL6 showed the greatest increases. Csf2 was exclusively secreted by HK-2 cells but not by M1 macrophages. Furthermore, recombinant human Csf2 protein promoted transition of M1 macrophages to the M2 phenotype in a dose and time-dependent manner. The apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) release induced by M1 macrophages in HK-2 cells was attenuated after exposure to exogenous Csf2. In addition, the switch from the proinflammatory M1 phenotype to the M2 phenotype occurred via the p-Stat5 pathway, which was activated by Csf2. Importantly, we found that intraperitoneal injection of a Csf2-neutralizing antibody after CLP aggravated kidney injury and suppressed tubular proliferation, subsequently decreasing survival. However, administration of recombinant mouse Csf2 protein could rescue mice with sepsis. Together, our results indicate that Csf2 plays critical roles in regulating macrophage transition via activation of p-STAT5. These data form a foundation upon which new therapeutic strategies can be designed to improve the therapeutic efficacy of cytokine-based treatments for sepsis-induced AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Pan Zhai
- Department of Neurology, Hubei Province Hospital of Tradition Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yawen Zheng
- Department of Urological Organ Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - John A Kellum
- Center of Critical Care Nephrology, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Zhiyong Peng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Center of Critical Care Nephrology, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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279
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Cui L, Yang G, Ye J, Yao Y, Lu G, Chen J, Fang L, Lu S, Zhou J. Dioscin elicits anti-tumour immunity by inhibiting macrophage M2 polarization via JNK and STAT3 pathways in lung cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:9217-9230. [PMID: 32618105 PMCID: PMC7417694 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumour‐associated macrophage (TAM) is an important component in tumour microenvironment. Generally, TAM exhibits the function of M2‐like macrophage, which was closely related to angiogenesis and tumour progression. Dioscin, a natural steroidal saponin, has shown its powerful anti‐tumour activity recently. However, the mechanism of dioscin involved in immune regulation is still obscure. Here, we observed dioscin induced macrophage M2‐to‐M1 phenotype transition in vitro and inhibited IL‐10 secretion. Meanwhile, the phagocytosis of macrophages was enhanced. In subcutaneous lung tumour models, dioscin inhibited the augmentation of M2 macrophage populations. Furthermore, dioscin down‐regulated STAT3 and JNK signalling pathways in macrophages in vitro. In BMDMs, activating JNK and inhibiting STAT3 induce macrophages to M1 polarization while inhibiting JNK and activating STAT3 to M2 polarization. Additionally, condition mediums from dioscin‐pre‐treated macrophages inhibited the migration of 3LL cells and the tube‐formation capacity of HUVECs. What's more, dioscin‐mediated macrophage polarization inhibited the in vivo metastasis of 3LL cells. In conclusion, dioscin may act as a new anti‐tumour agent by inhibiting TAMs via JNK and STAT3 pathways in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyun Cui
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guangdie Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiani Ye
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinan Yao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guohua Lu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junjun Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liangjie Fang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shan Lu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianying Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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280
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Smith NC, Christian SL, Woldemariam NT, Clow KA, Rise ML, Andreassen R. Characterization of miRNAs in Cultured Atlantic Salmon Head Kidney Monocyte-Like and Macrophage-Like Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113989. [PMID: 32498303 PMCID: PMC7312525 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are among the first cells to respond to infection and disease. While microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the process of monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation in mammals, less is known in teleost fish. Here, Atlantic salmon head kidney leukocytes (HKLs) were used to study the expression of miRNAs in response to in vitro culture. The morphological analysis of cultures showed predominantly monocyte-like cells on Day 1 and macrophage-like cells on Day 5, suggesting that the HKLs had differentiated from monocytes to macrophages. Day 5 HKLs also contained a higher percentage of phagocytic cells. Small RNA sequencing and qPCR analysis were applied to examine the miRNA diversity and expression. There were 370 known mature Atlantic salmon miRNAs in HKLs. Twenty-two miRNAs (15 families) were downregulated while 44 miRNAs (25 families) were upregulated on Day 5 vs. Day 1. Mammalian orthologs of many of the differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs are known to regulate macrophage activation and differentiation, while the teleost-specific miR-2188, miR-462 and miR-731 were also DE and are associated with immune responses in fish. In silico predictions identified several putative target genes of qPCR-validated miRNAs associated with vertebrate macrophage differentiation. This study identified Atlantic salmon miRNAs likely to influence macrophage differentiation, providing important knowledge for future functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole C. Smith
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 0 Marine Lab Road, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada; (N.C.S.); (K.A.C.)
| | - Sherri L. Christian
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 232 Elizabeth Ave, St. John’s, NL A1B 3X9, Canada;
| | - Nardos T. Woldemariam
- Department of Life Sciences and Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, OsloMet–Oslo Metropolitan University, N-0130 Oslo, Norway; (N.T.W.); (R.A.)
| | - Kathy A. Clow
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 0 Marine Lab Road, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada; (N.C.S.); (K.A.C.)
| | - Matthew L. Rise
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 0 Marine Lab Road, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada; (N.C.S.); (K.A.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-709-864-7478
| | - Rune Andreassen
- Department of Life Sciences and Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, OsloMet–Oslo Metropolitan University, N-0130 Oslo, Norway; (N.T.W.); (R.A.)
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281
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Valbuena Perez JV, Linnenberger R, Dembek A, Bruscoli S, Riccardi C, Schulz MH, Meyer MR, Kiemer AK, Hoppstädter J. Altered glucocorticoid metabolism represents a feature of macroph-aging. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13156. [PMID: 32463582 PMCID: PMC7294787 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aging process is characterized by a chronic, low‐grade inflammatory state, termed “inflammaging.” It has been suggested that macrophage activation plays a key role in the induction and maintenance of this state. In the present study, we aimed to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for aging‐associated changes in the myeloid compartment of mice. The aging phenotype, characterized by elevated cytokine production, was associated with a dysfunction of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and diminished serum corticosteroid levels. In particular, the concentration of corticosterone, the major active glucocorticoid in rodents, was decreased. This could be explained by an impaired expression and activity of 11β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β‐HSD1), an enzyme that determines the extent of cellular glucocorticoid responses by reducing the corticosteroids cortisone/11‐dehydrocorticosterone to their active forms cortisol/corticosterone, in aged macrophages and peripheral leukocytes. These changes were accompanied by a downregulation of the glucocorticoid receptor target gene glucocorticoid‐induced leucine zipper (GILZ) in vitro and in vivo. Since GILZ plays a central role in macrophage activation, we hypothesized that the loss of GILZ contributed to the process of macroph‐aging. The phenotype of macrophages from aged mice was indeed mimicked in young GILZ knockout mice. In summary, the current study provides insight into the role of glucocorticoid metabolism and GILZ regulation during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca Linnenberger
- Pharmaceutical Biology Department of Pharmacy Saarland University Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Anna Dembek
- Pharmaceutical Biology Department of Pharmacy Saarland University Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Stefano Bruscoli
- Pharmacology Department of Medicine Perugia University Perugia Italy
| | - Carlo Riccardi
- Pharmacology Department of Medicine Perugia University Perugia Italy
| | - Marcel H. Schulz
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration Goethe University Frankfurt am Main Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site RheinMain Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Markus R. Meyer
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Toxicology Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS) Saarland University Homburg Germany
| | - Alexandra K. Kiemer
- Pharmaceutical Biology Department of Pharmacy Saarland University Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Jessica Hoppstädter
- Pharmaceutical Biology Department of Pharmacy Saarland University Saarbrücken Germany
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282
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Ramalho R, Rao M, Zhang C, Agrati C, Ippolito G, Wang FS, Zumla A, Maeurer M. Immunometabolism: new insights and lessons from antigen-directed cellular immune responses. Semin Immunopathol 2020; 42:279-313. [PMID: 32519148 PMCID: PMC7282544 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-020-00798-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Modulation of immune responses by nutrients is an important area of study in cellular biology and clinical sciences in the context of cancer therapies and anti-pathogen-directed immune responses in health and disease. We review metabolic pathways that influence immune cell function and cellular persistence in chronic infections. We also highlight the role of nutrients in altering the tissue microenvironment with lessons from the tumor microenvironment that shapes the quality and quantity of cellular immune responses. Multiple layers of biological networks, including the nature of nutritional supplements, the genetic background, previous exposures, and gut microbiota status have impact on cellular performance and immune competence against molecularly defined targets. We discuss how immune metabolism determines the differentiation pathway of antigen-specific immune cells and how these insights can be explored to devise better strategies to strengthen anti-pathogen-directed immune responses, while curbing unwanted, non-productive inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Ramalho
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM, U4585 FCT), Applied Nutrition Studies Group G.E.N.A.-IUEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz Higher Education School, Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - Martin Rao
- ImmunoSurgery Unit, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Chao Zhang
- Treatment and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | | | | | - Fu-Sheng Wang
- Treatment and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Alimuddin Zumla
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Markus Maeurer
- ImmunoSurgery Unit, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal.
- I Medizinische Klinik, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
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283
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Giffoni de Carvalho JT, Henao Agudelo JS, Baldivia DDS, Carollo CA, Silva DB, de Picoli Souza K, Saraiva Câmara NO, Dos Santos EL. Hydroethanolic stem bark extracts of Stryphnodendron adstringens impair M1 macrophages and promote M2 polarization. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 254:112684. [PMID: 32105746 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Stryphnodendron adstringens has been used by indigenous Brazilian people to treat wound, infections, inflammation and other conditions. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to investigate the effect of S. adstringens on macrophage polarization. METHODS To prepare the hydroethanolic extract of Stryphnodendron adstringens (HESA), fresh bark was exposed to maceration, filtered and subsequently lyophilized. The extract HESA were analyzed by LC-DAD-MS to identify their constituents. Bone marrow cells were obtained from male C57BL/6 mice. Then, the cells were polarized into M1 or M2 subsets in the presence or absence of HESA. The membrane expression of TLR2, CD206, CCR7, class II MHC, and CD86, the intracellular expression of iNOS and IL-6 and the supernatant expression of IL-6 were determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS By LC-DAD-MS, twenty-four compounds could be detected from HESA and proanthocyanidins, flavan-3-ols, and chromones were identified. NO and iNOS were reduced in the HESA-treated cells. There was a reduction in IL6 in HESA-treated cells. The membrane expression of TLR2, CD206, CCR7, CD86, and class II MHC was reduced in HESA-treated cells. The densities of CD206 and IL-10 were found to be significantly increased in HESA-treated cells. CONCLUSION This work is the first to demonstrate that S. adstringens can modulate the functional polarization of macrophages into the M2 profile and suppress costimulatory molecules in M1 macrophages. These results corroborate with the ethnopharmacology use of S. adstringens, contributing to its pharmacological validation in wound treatment and expanding the knowledge about immunoregulatory action of this specie.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Débora Da Silva Baldivia
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospecting Applied to Metabolism, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alexandre Carollo
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Mass Spectrometry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Denise Brentan Silva
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Mass Spectrometry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Kely de Picoli Souza
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospecting Applied to Metabolism, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
| | - Niels Olsen Saraiva Câmara
- Laboratorio de Imunologia Clínica e Experimental, Disciplina de Nefrologia. Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, Brazil; Laboratório de Imunobiologia de Transplantes, Departamento de Imunologia. Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Brazil
| | - Edson Lucas Dos Santos
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospecting Applied to Metabolism, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
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284
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Zhao X, Sun L, Mu T, Yi J, Ma C, Xie H, Liu M, Tang H. An HBV-encoded miRNA activates innate immunity to restrict HBV replication. J Mol Cell Biol 2020; 12:263-276. [PMID: 31865380 PMCID: PMC7232129 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjz104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously identified that hepatitis B virus (HBV) encodes a microRNA (HBV-miR-3) that restrains HBV replication by targeting the HBV transcript. However, whether HBV-miR-3 affects host innate immunity to modulate HBV replication remains unclear. Here, we examined the vital functions of HBV-miR-3 in the innate immune response after HBV infection. We found that HBV-miR-3 expression gradually increased in a dose- and time-dependent manner in HBV-infected HepG2-NTCP cells. HBV-miR-3 activated the JAK/STAT signaling pathway by downregulating SOCS5 in hepatocytes, thereby enhancing the IFN-induced anti-HBV effect. In addition, HBV-miR-3 in exosomes facilitated the M1 polarization of macrophages. Furthermore, exosomes containing HBV-miR-3 enhanced the secretion of IL-6 via inhibiting the SOCS5-mediated ubiquitination of EGFR. In short, these results demonstrate that HBV-miR-3 activates the innate immune response to restrain HBV replication by multiple pathways, which may suppress HBV-induced acute liver cell injury and affect the progression of persistent HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Zhao
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Lu Sun
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Ting Mu
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Jianying Yi
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Chaoqun Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Hong Xie
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Min Liu
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Hua Tang
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
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285
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Zhang H, Cai D, Bai X. Macrophages regulate the progression of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2020; 28:555-561. [PMID: 31982565 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OA is now well accepted as a low-grade inflammatory disease affecting the whole joint. In addition to mechanical loading, inflammation (particularly synovitis), contributes significantly to OA. Synovial macrophages act as immune cells and are of critical importance in the symptomology and structural progression of OA. Activated macrophages are regulated by mTOR, NF-κB, JNK, PI3K/Akt and other signaling pathways, and are polarized into either M1 or M2 subtypes in OA synovial tissues, synovial fluid, and peripheral blood. The activation state and the M1/M2 ratio is highly associated with OA severity. Aside from autocrine interactions, paracrine interactions between macrophages and chondrocytes play a vital role in the initiation and development of OA by secreting inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), which lead to subsequent cartilage degradation and destruction. Treatments targeting synovial macrophages relieve pain, and protect from synovitis, cartilage damage, and osteophyte formation during OA development. Macrophage reprogramming of transformation from the M1 to M2 subtype, more than a decrease in the quantity of activated macrophages, appears to be an effective treatment option for OA. This review provides a broad understanding of the contributions of polarized macrophages to joint health and disease. Multifunctional agents with immunomodulatory effects on macrophage reprogramming can skew the inflammatory microenvironment towards a pro-chondrogenic atmosphere, and are thus, potential therapeutic options for the treatment of OA and other immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China.
| | - D Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China.
| | - X Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China; Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China; Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005, Guangzhou, China.
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286
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Evans LW, Stratton MS, Ferguson BS. Dietary natural products as epigenetic modifiers in aging-associated inflammation and disease. Nat Prod Rep 2020; 37:653-676. [PMID: 31993614 PMCID: PMC7577396 DOI: 10.1039/c9np00057g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to 2020Chronic, low-grade inflammation is linked to aging and has been termed "inflammaging". Inflammaging is considered a key contributor to the development of metabolic dysfunction and a broad spectrum of diseases or disorders including declines in brain and heart function. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) coupled with epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) have shown the importance of diet in the development of chronic and age-related diseases. Moreover, dietary interventions e.g. caloric restriction can attenuate inflammation to delay and/or prevent these diseases. Common themes in these studies entail the use of phytochemicals (plant-derived compounds) or the production of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as epigenetic modifiers of DNA and histone proteins. Epigenetic modifications are dynamically regulated and as such, serve as potential therapeutic targets for the treatment or prevention of age-related disease. In this review, we will focus on the role for natural products that include phytochemicals and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as regulators of these epigenetic adaptations. Specifically, we discuss regulators of methylation, acetylation and acylation, in the protection from chronic inflammation driven metabolic dysfunction and deterioration of neurocognitive and cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levi W Evans
- Department of Nutrition, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA.
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287
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Wang B, Zhang W, Zhou X, Liu M, Hou X, Cheng Z, Chen D. Development of dual-targeted nano-dandelion based on an oligomeric hyaluronic acid polymer targeting tumor-associated macrophages for combination therapy of non-small cell lung cancer. Drug Deliv 2020; 26:1265-1279. [PMID: 31777307 PMCID: PMC6896416 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2019.1693707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the novel carrier materials were screened to structure targeting nano-micelles (named ‘nano-dandelion’) for synchronous delivery of curcumin (Cur) and baicalin (Bai), which could effectively overcome the tumor resistance. Mannose (Man) was found to bind better to CD206 receptors on the surface of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), thereby increasing the number of nano-dandelion engulfed by TAMs. Furthermore, oligomeric hyaluronic acid (oHA) was able to target CD44 receptors, resulting in recruitment of a higher number of nano-dandelion to locate and engulf tumor cells. The disulfide bond (S–S) in 3,3′-dithiodipropionic acid (DA) could be broken by the high concentration of glutathione (GSH) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Based on this, we selected DA to connect hydrophobic fragments (quercetin, Que) and oHA. A reduction-sensitive amphiphilic carrier material, quercetin–dithiodipropionic acid–oligomeric hyaluronic acid–mannose–ferulic acid (Que–S–S–oHA–Man–FA; QHMF) was fabricated and synthesized by 1H NMR. Next, QHMF self-assembled into nano-dandelion, i.e. encapsulated Cur and Bai in water. Critical experimental conditions in the preparation process of nano-dandelion that could affect its final properties were explored. Nano-dandelion with a small particle size (121.0 ± 15 nm) and good normal distribution (PI = 0.129) could easily enter tumor tissue through vascular barrier. In addition, nano-dandelion with a suitable surface potential (–20.33 ± 4.02 mV) could remain stable for a long duration. Furthermore, good cellular penetration and tumor cytotoxicity of nano-dandelion were demonstrated through in vitro cellular studies. Finally, effective antitumor activity and reduced side effects were confirmed through in vivo antitumor experiments in A549 tumor-bearing nude mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs, Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, PR China
| | - Xiudi Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs, Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, PR China.,Department of Pharmacy, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, PR China
| | - Mengna Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs, Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, PR China
| | - Xiaoya Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs, Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, PR China
| | - Ziting Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs, Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, PR China
| | - Daquan Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs, Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, PR China
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288
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Zhang N, Wang Z, Zhao Y. Selective inhibition of Tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 (TNFR1) for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2020; 55:80-85. [PMID: 32327345 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Anti-TNF biologics have achieved great success in the treatment of autoimmune diseases and have been the most selling biologics on market. However, the anti-TNF biologics have shown some disadvantages such as poor efficacy to some patients and high risk of infection and malignancies during clinical application. Current anti-TNF biologics are antibodies or antibody fragments that bind to TNF-α and subsequently block both TNF-TNFR1 and TNF-TNFR2 signaling. Transgenic animal studies indicate that TNFR1 signaling is responsible for chronic inflammation and cell apoptosis whereas TNFR2 signaling regulates tissue regeneration and inflammation. Recent studies propose to selectively inhibit TNFR1 to enhance efficacy and avoid side effects. In this review, we introduce the biology of TNF-TNFR1 and TNF-TNFR2 signaling, the advantages of selective inhibition of TNF-TNFR1 signaling and research updates on the development of selective inhibitors for TNF-TNFR1 signaling. Antibodies, small molecules and aptamers that selectively inhibit TNFR1 have showed therapeutic potential and less side effects in preclinical studies. Development of selective inhibitors for TNFR1 is a good strategy to enhance the efficacy and reduce the side effects of anti-TNF inhibitors and will be a trend for next-generation of anti-TNF inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, HeNan Province, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, HeNan Province, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China
| | - Ziyi Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China
| | - Yongxing Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, HeNan Province, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, HeNan Province, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China.
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289
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Silva P, de Almeida M, Silva J, Albino S, Espírito-Santo R, Lima M, Villarreal C, Moura R, Santos V. (E)-2-Cyano-3-(1 H-Indol-3-yl)-N-Phenylacrylamide, a Hybrid Compound Derived from Indomethacin and Paracetamol: Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of the Anti-Inflammatory Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2591. [PMID: 32276463 PMCID: PMC7177726 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The compound (E)-2-cyano-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-N-phenylacrylamide (ICMD-01) was designed and developed based on the structures of clinically relevant drugs indomethacin and paracetamol through the molecular hybridization strategy. This derivative was obtained by an amidation reaction between substituted anilines and ethyl 2-cyanoacetate followed by a Knoevenagel-type condensation reaction with indole aldehyde that resulted in both a viable synthesis and satisfactory yield. In order to assess the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activity, in vitro assays were performed in J774 macrophages, and significant inhibitions (p < 0.05) of the production of nitrite and the production of cytokines (IL-1β and TNFα) in noncytotoxic concentrations were observed. The anti-inflammatory effect was also studied via CFA-induced paw edema in vivo tests and zymosan-induced peritonitis. In the paw edema assay, ICMD01 (50 mg kg-1) showed satisfactory activity, as did the group treated with dexamethasone, reducing edema in 2-6 h. In addition, there was no significant inhibition of PGE2, IL-1β or TNFα in vivo. Moreover, in the peritonitis assay that assesses leukocyte migration, ICMD-01 exhibited promising results. Therefore, these preliminary studies demonstrate this compound to be a strong candidate for an anti-inflammatory drug together with an improved gastrointestinal safety profile when compared to the conventional anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil; (P.S.); (S.A.); (R.M.)
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil;
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Síntese de Fármacos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraiba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil;
| | - Maria de Almeida
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil;
| | - Jamire Silva
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Síntese de Fármacos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraiba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil;
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 58429-500, PE, Brazil;
| | - Sonaly Albino
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil; (P.S.); (S.A.); (R.M.)
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Síntese de Fármacos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraiba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil;
| | - Renan Espírito-Santo
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador 40296-710, BA, Brazil; (R.E.-S.); (C.V.)
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40170-290, BA, Brazil
| | - Maria Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 58429-500, PE, Brazil;
| | - Cristiane Villarreal
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador 40296-710, BA, Brazil; (R.E.-S.); (C.V.)
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40170-290, BA, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Moura
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil; (P.S.); (S.A.); (R.M.)
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Síntese de Fármacos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraiba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil;
| | - Vanda Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil; (P.S.); (S.A.); (R.M.)
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil;
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290
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Chen F, Li J, Tian G, Yuan Z. Increased macrophage activation mediated by caspase recruitment domain 6 knockdown through negatively targeting AMPK. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 525:412-417. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.02.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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291
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Reference gene selection and validation for mRNA expression analysis by RT-qPCR in murine M1- and M2-polarized macrophage. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:2735-2748. [PMID: 32193769 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05372-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (M0) and M1- and M2-polarized macrophages are being widely used as a laboratory model for polarized macrophages related molecular mechanism analysis. Gene expression analysis based on reference gene normalization using RT-qPCR was a powerful way to explore the molecular mechanism. But little is known about reference genes in these cell models. So, the goal of this study was to identify reference genes in these types of macrophages. Candidate reference genes in murine bone marrow-derived and polarized macrophages were selected from microarray data using Limma linear model method and evaluated by determining the stability value using five algorithms: BestKeeper, NormFinder, GeNorm, Delta CT method, and RefFinder. Finally, the selected stable reference genes were validated by testing three important immune and inflammatory genes (NLRP1, IL-1β, and TNF-α) in the cell lines. Our study has clearly shown that Ubc followed by Eef1a1 and B2m respectively were recognized as the three ideal reference genes for gene expression analysis in murine bone marrow-derived and polarized macrophages. When three reference genes with strong different stability were used for validation, a large variation of a gene expression level of IL-1β, TNF-α and NLRP1 were obtained which provides clear evidence of the need for careful selection of reference genes for RT-qPCR analysis. Normalization of mRNA expression level with Ubc rather than Actb or Gusb by qPCR in macrophages and polarized macrophages is required to ensure the accuracy of the qPCR analysis.
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292
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Moradian H, Roch T, Lendlein A, Gossen M. mRNA Transfection-Induced Activation of Primary Human Monocytes and Macrophages: Dependence on Carrier System and Nucleotide Modification. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4181. [PMID: 32144280 PMCID: PMC7060354 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60506-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocytes and macrophages are key players in maintaining immune homeostasis. Identifying strategies to manipulate their functions via gene delivery is thus of great interest for immunological research and biomedical applications. We set out to establish conditions for mRNA transfection in hard-to-transfect primary human monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages due to the great potential of gene expression from in vitro transcribed mRNA for modulating cell phenotypes. mRNA doses, nucleotide modifications, and different carriers were systematically explored in order to optimize high mRNA transfer rates while minimizing cell stress and immune activation. We selected three commercially available mRNA transfection reagents including liposome and polymer-based formulations, covering different application spectra. Our results demonstrate that liposomal reagents can particularly combine high gene transfer rates with only moderate immune cell activation. For the latter, use of specific nucleotide modifications proved essential. In addition to improving efficacy of gene transfer, our findings address discrete aspects of innate immune activation using cytokine and surface marker expression, as well as cell viability as key readouts to judge overall transfection efficiency. The impact of this study goes beyond optimizing transfection conditions for immune cells, by providing a framework for assessing new gene carrier systems for monocyte and macrophage, tailored to specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanieh Moradian
- Institute of Biomaterial Science, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, 14513, Teltow, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Toralf Roch
- Institute of Biomaterial Science, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, 14513, Teltow, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Translational Medicine, Medical Department I, Marien Hospital Herne, University Hospital of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - Andreas Lendlein
- Institute of Biomaterial Science, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, 14513, Teltow, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Manfred Gossen
- Institute of Biomaterial Science, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, 14513, Teltow, Germany.
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), 13353, Berlin, Germany.
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293
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Rozenberg K, Wollman A, Ben-Shachar M, Argaev-Frenkel L, Rosenzweig T. Anti-inflammatory effects of Sarcopoterium spinosum extract. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 249:112391. [PMID: 31730890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sarcopoterium spinosum is a Mediterranean plant, widely used by the Beduin traditional medicine. While its major use is for the treatment of diabetes, there are also documentations for its use as anti-inflammatory agent. This therapeutic potential of Sarcopoterium spinosum was not validated before. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of Sarcopoterium spinosum extract (SSE). MATERIALS AND METHODS Experiments were performed on RAW264.7 macrophages and bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) and the effect of SSE on markers of inflammation was investigated. In addition, the effect of SSE on the development of inflammation in adipose-tissue of obese, insulin resistant mice was measured in KK-Ay mice and high fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. RESULTS Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and SSE increased the viability of RAW264.7. In addition, the cells acquired distinct dendritic-like morphology, however, while LPS induced NO production and the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, SSE increased the mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory genes and blocked LPS effects. All three pathways of MAPK were activated by LPS and SSE, as demonstrated by the phosphorylation of ERK, p38 and JNK. NFκB was activated and Akt was phosphorylated by LPS, while SSE blocked this effects. STAT proteins were differently phosphorylated by SSE and LPS. Immunomodulatory effects of SSE were also found in BMDM. In adipose tissue of SSE-treated mice, less crown-like structures were found, and lower expression of pro-inflammatory adipocytokines was observed, although adipocytes hypertrophy was not affected. CONCLUSIONS SSE has an immunomodulatory effects that affect macrophage function, and reduces adipose tissue inflammation. Identifying active component and clarifying its mechanism of action might support the development of new anti-inflammatory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Rozenberg
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel; Department of Nutrition Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.
| | - Ayala Wollman
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel; Department of Nutrition Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.
| | - Michaella Ben-Shachar
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel; Department of Nutrition Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.
| | - Lital Argaev-Frenkel
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel; Department of Nutrition Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.
| | - Tovit Rosenzweig
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel; Department of Nutrition Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.
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294
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Gusev EY, Zotova NV. Cellular Stress and General Pathological Processes. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:251-297. [PMID: 31198111 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190319114641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
From the viewpoint of the general pathology, most of the human diseases are associated with a limited number of pathogenic processes such as inflammation, tumor growth, thrombosis, necrosis, fibrosis, atrophy, pathological hypertrophy, dysplasia and metaplasia. The phenomenon of chronic low-grade inflammation could be attributed to non-classical forms of inflammation, which include many neurodegenerative processes, pathological variants of insulin resistance, atherosclerosis, and other manifestations of the endothelial dysfunction. Individual and universal manifestations of cellular stress could be considered as a basic element of all these pathologies, which has both physiological and pathophysiological significance. The review examines the causes, main phenomena, developmental directions and outcomes of cellular stress using a phylogenetically conservative set of genes and their activation pathways, as well as tissue stress and its role in inflammatory and para-inflammatory processes. The main ways towards the realization of cellular stress and its functional blocks were outlined. The main stages of tissue stress and the classification of its typical manifestations, as well as its participation in the development of the classical and non-classical variants of the inflammatory process, were also described. The mechanisms of cellular and tissue stress are structured into the complex systems, which include networks that enable the exchange of information with multidirectional signaling pathways which together make these systems internally contradictory, and the result of their effects is often unpredictable. However, the possible solutions require new theoretical and methodological approaches, one of which includes the transition to integral criteria, which plausibly reflect the holistic image of these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugeny Yu Gusev
- Laboratory of the Immunology of Inflammation, Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia V Zotova
- Laboratory of the Immunology of Inflammation, Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Ural Federal University named after B.N.Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
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295
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Salmeri FM, Denaro L, Ruello E, Acri G, Gurgone S, Sansotta C, Testagrossa B. Irradiation with Polychromatic Incoherent Low Energy Radiation of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells In Vitro: Effects on Cytokine Production. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17041233. [PMID: 32075059 PMCID: PMC7068590 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17041233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Physical stimuli may activate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to secrete cytokines, which may favor pro-inflammatory responses or trigger reparative phenomena. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the action of Polarized Polychromatic Incoherent Low Energy Radiation (PILER) on human in vitro PBMCs, by detection of the possible effects on cytokine production; (2) Methods: isolated PBMCs were irradiated with a PILER lamp at different exposure times, at a distance of 10 cm, before incubation. The supernatants were collected after 24 h and 48 h and cytokines evaluated by ELISA; (3) Results: Our results showed a decrease in the levels of pro-inflammatory IL-12p70, IL-17A, IFN-γ, and TNF-α cytokines, whereas IL-10 and TGF-β1 with regulatory activity increased; (4) Conclusions: PILER irradiation affected the cytokine production by isolated PBMCs driving the immune response toward an anti-inflammatory/reparative profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Maria Salmeri
- Department of BIOMORF, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; (F.M.S.); (L.D.); (E.R.); (C.S.); (B.T.)
| | - Lucia Denaro
- Department of BIOMORF, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; (F.M.S.); (L.D.); (E.R.); (C.S.); (B.T.)
| | - Elisa Ruello
- Department of BIOMORF, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; (F.M.S.); (L.D.); (E.R.); (C.S.); (B.T.)
| | - Giuseppe Acri
- Department of BIOMORF, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; (F.M.S.); (L.D.); (E.R.); (C.S.); (B.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Sergio Gurgone
- Department of MIFT, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres, 98166 Messina, Italy;
| | - Carlo Sansotta
- Department of BIOMORF, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; (F.M.S.); (L.D.); (E.R.); (C.S.); (B.T.)
| | - Barbara Testagrossa
- Department of BIOMORF, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; (F.M.S.); (L.D.); (E.R.); (C.S.); (B.T.)
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296
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Zhou P, Li Q, Su S, Dong W, Zong S, Ma Q, Yang X, Zuo D, Zheng S, Meng X, Xu D, Zeng Q. Interleukin 37 Suppresses M1 Macrophage Polarization Through Inhibition of the Notch1 and Nuclear Factor Kappa B Pathways. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:56. [PMID: 32117982 PMCID: PMC7033589 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage-orchestrated chronic inflammation plays an important role in cardiovascular disease, including accelerating the development of calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD). M1 and M2 macrophage polarization imbalances can alter intensity of inflammatory responses. Recombinant human interleukin 37 (IL-37) could be involved in regulating immune cell function to attenuate inflammation. This study aimed to identify IL-37 specifically modulates M1 polarization and investigate the underlying mechanism. Compared with normal valves, there are more M1 macrophages accumulation and less IL-37 expression in calcific aortic valves, which may indicate a negative relationship between IL-37 and M1 polarization. THP-1 cells could differentiate into resting macrophages with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) and then polarize into M1 macrophages following treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ). In vitro, recombinant human IL-37 attenuated the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), CD11c, IL-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) in M1 but augmented the expression of CD206 and IL-10 in M2. The suppression of M1 polarization was associated with the inhibition of the activation of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and Notch1 signaling pathways. These results demonstrated that IL-37 inhibits the macrophages polarizing into M1 type via the inhibition of the Notch1 and nuclear factor kappa B pathways. In summary, IL-37 could be a potential therapeutic candidate for progressive CAVD by modulating M1 polarization and its orchestrated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peitao Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianqin Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuwen Su
- Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhui Dong
- Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suyu Zong
- Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Ma
- Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daming Zuo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoyi Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianzhong Meng
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Dingli Xu
- Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingchun Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, United States.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
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297
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Fehr AR, Singh SA, Kerr CM, Mukai S, Higashi H, Aikawa M. The impact of PARPs and ADP-ribosylation on inflammation and host-pathogen interactions. Genes Dev 2020; 34:341-359. [PMID: 32029454 PMCID: PMC7050484 DOI: 10.1101/gad.334425.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Poly-adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerases (PARPs) promote ADP-ribosylation, a highly conserved, fundamental posttranslational modification (PTM). PARP catalytic domains transfer the ADP-ribose moiety from NAD+ to amino acid residues of target proteins, leading to mono- or poly-ADP-ribosylation (MARylation or PARylation). This PTM regulates various key biological and pathological processes. In this review, we focus on the roles of the PARP family members in inflammation and host-pathogen interactions. Here we give an overview the current understanding of the mechanisms by which PARPs promote or suppress proinflammatory activation of macrophages, and various roles PARPs play in virus infections. We also demonstrate how innovative technologies, such as proteomics and systems biology, help to advance this research field and describe unanswered questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony R Fehr
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - Sasha A Singh
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Catherine M Kerr
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - Shin Mukai
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Hideyuki Higashi
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Masanori Aikawa
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Department of Human Pathology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health, Moscow 119146, Russian Federation
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298
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Hörhold F, Eisel D, Oswald M, Kolte A, Röll D, Osen W, Eichmüller SB, König R. Reprogramming of macrophages employing gene regulatory and metabolic network models. PLoS Comput Biol 2020; 16:e1007657. [PMID: 32097424 PMCID: PMC7059956 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon exposure to different stimuli, resting macrophages undergo classical or alternative polarization into distinct phenotypes that can cause fatal dysfunction in a large range of diseases, such as systemic infection leading to sepsis or the generation of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Investigating gene regulatory and metabolic networks, we observed two metabolic switches during polarization. Most prominently, anaerobic glycolysis was utilized by M1-polarized macrophages, while the biosynthesis of inosine monophosphate was upregulated in M2-polarized macrophages. Moreover, we observed a switch in the urea cycle. Gene regulatory network models revealed E2F1, MYC, PPARγ and STAT6 to be the major players in the distinct signatures of these polarization events. Employing functional assays targeting these regulators, we observed the repolarization of M2-like cells into M1-like cells, as evidenced by their specific gene expression signatures and cytokine secretion profiles. The predicted regulators are essential to maintaining the M2-like phenotype and function and thus represent potential targets for the therapeutic reprogramming of immunosuppressive M2-like macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Hörhold
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - David Eisel
- Research Group GMP & T Cell Therapy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Biopharmaceutical New Technologies (BioNTech) Corporation, Mainz, Germany
| | - Marcus Oswald
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Amol Kolte
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Daniela Röll
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Wolfram Osen
- Research Group GMP & T Cell Therapy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan B. Eichmüller
- Research Group GMP & T Cell Therapy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer König
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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299
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Bai J, Zhang Y, Fan Q, Xu J, Shan H, Gao X, Ma Q, Sheng L, Zheng X, Cheng W, Li D, Zhang M, Hao Y, Feng L, Chen Q, Zhou X, Wang C. Reactive Oxygen Species-Scavenging Scaffold with Rapamycin for Treatment of Intervertebral Disk Degeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e1901186. [PMID: 31820852 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201901186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The chronic inflammatory microenvironment is characterized by the elevated level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here, it is hypothesized that developing an ROS-scavenging scaffold loaded with rapamycin (Rapa@Gel) may offer a new strategy for modulating the local inflammatory microenvironment to improve intervertebral disk tissue regeneration. The therapeutic scaffold consisting of ROS-degradable hydrogel can be injected into the injured degeneration site of intervertebral disk (IVD) and can release therapeutics in a programmed manner. The ROS scavenged by scaffold reduces the inflammatory responses. It is found that when rats are treated with Rapa@Gel, this results in an increase in the percentage of M2-like macrophages and a decrease in M1-like macrophages in the inflammatory environment, respectively. Regeneration of IVD is achieved by Rapa@Gel local treatment, due to the increased M2 macrophages and reduced inflammation. This strategy may be extended to the treatment of many other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Bai
- Department of OrthopedicsThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215004 China
| | - Yingzi Zhang
- Department of OrthopedicsThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215004 China
| | - Qin Fan
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon‐based Functional Materials and DevicesSoochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Jialu Xu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon‐based Functional Materials and DevicesSoochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Huajian Shan
- Department of OrthopedicsThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215004 China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of OrthopedicsThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215004 China
| | - Qingle Ma
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon‐based Functional Materials and DevicesSoochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Lei Sheng
- Department of OrthopedicsThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215004 China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Department of OrthopedicsThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215004 China
| | - Weinan Cheng
- Department of OrthopedicsThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215004 China
| | - Dazhuang Li
- Department of OrthopedicsThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215004 China
| | - Mingchao Zhang
- Department of OrthopedicsThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215004 China
| | - Yu Hao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon‐based Functional Materials and DevicesSoochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Liangzhu Feng
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon‐based Functional Materials and DevicesSoochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Qian Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon‐based Functional Materials and DevicesSoochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Xiaozhong Zhou
- Department of OrthopedicsThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215004 China
| | - Chao Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon‐based Functional Materials and DevicesSoochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
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300
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Winn NC, Volk KM, Hasty AH. Regulation of tissue iron homeostasis: the macrophage "ferrostat". JCI Insight 2020; 5:132964. [PMID: 31996481 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.132964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential element for multiple fundamental biological processes required for life; yet iron overload can be cytotoxic. Consequently, iron concentrations at the cellular and tissue level must be exquisitely governed by mechanisms that complement and fine-tune systemic control. It is well appreciated that macrophages are vital for systemic iron homeostasis, supplying or sequestering iron as needed for erythropoiesis or bacteriostasis, respectively. Indeed, recycling of iron through erythrophagocytosis by splenic macrophages is a major contributor to systemic iron homeostasis. However, accumulating evidence suggests that tissue-resident macrophages regulate local iron availability and modulate the tissue microenvironment, contributing to cellular and tissue function. Here, we summarize the significance of tissue-specific regulation of iron availability and highlight how resident macrophages are critical for this process. This tissue-dependent regulation has broad implications for understanding both resident macrophage function and tissue iron homeostasis in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan C Winn
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Katrina M Volk
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Alyssa H Hasty
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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