251
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Lee JS, Lee H, Lee S, Kang JH, Lee SH, Kim SG, Cho ES, Kim NH, Yook JI, Kim SY. Loss of SLC25A11 causes suppression of NSCLC and melanoma tumor formation. EBioMedicine 2019; 40:184-197. [PMID: 30686754 PMCID: PMC6413681 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fast growing cancer cells require greater amounts of ATP than normal cells. Although glycolysis was suggested as a source of anabolic metabolism based on lactate production, the main source of ATP to support cancer cell metabolism remains unidentified. Methods We have proposed that the oxoglutarate carrier SLC25A11 is important for ATP production in cancer by NADH transportation from the cytosol to mitochondria as a malate. We have examined not only changes of ATP and NADH but also changes of metabolites after SLC25A11 knock down in cancer cells. Findings The mitochondrial electron transport chain was functionally active in cancer cells. The cytosolic to mitochondrial NADH ratio was higher in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and melanoma cells than in normal cells. This was consistent with higher levels of the oxoglutarate carrier SLC25A11. Blocking malate transport by knockdown of SLC25A11 significantly impaired ATP production and inhibited the growth of cancer cells, which was not observed in normal cells. In in vivo experiments, heterozygote of SLC25A11 knock out mice suppressed KRASLA2 lung tumor formation by cross breeding. Interpretation Cancer cells critically depended on the oxoglutarate carrier SLC25A11 for transporting NADH from cytosol to mitochondria as a malate form for the purpose of ATP production. Therefore blocking SLC25A11 may have an advantage in stopping cancer growth by reducing ATP production. Fund The Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT to SYK (NRF-2017R1A2B2003428).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Seon Lee
- Tumor Microenvironment Research Branch, Division of Cancer Biology, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Lee
- Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Soohyun Lee
- Tumor Microenvironment Research Branch, Division of Cancer Biology, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Hee Kang
- Tumor Microenvironment Research Branch, Division of Cancer Biology, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Hyeong Lee
- Tumor Microenvironment Research Branch, Division of Cancer Biology, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul-Gi Kim
- Tumor Microenvironment Research Branch, Division of Cancer Biology, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunae Sandra Cho
- Department of Oral Pathology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Hee Kim
- Department of Oral Pathology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong In Yook
- Department of Oral Pathology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Youl Kim
- Tumor Microenvironment Research Branch, Division of Cancer Biology, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
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252
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Fan XY, Liu YJ, Cai YM, Wang AD, Xia YZ, Hu YJ, Jiang FL, Liu Y. A mitochondria-targeted organic arsenical accelerates mitochondrial metabolic disorder and function injury. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:760-768. [PMID: 30665675 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Considering the vital role of mitochondria in the anti-cancer mechanism of organic arsenical, the mitochondria-targeted precursor PDT-PAO-TPP was designed and synthesized. PDT-PAO-TPP, as a delocalization lipophilic cation (DLCs) which mainly accumulated in mitochondria, contributed to improve anti-cancer efficacy and selectivity towards NB4 cells. In detail, PDT-PAO-TPP inhibited the activity of PDHC resulting in the suppression of ATP synthesis and thermogenesis disorder. Additionally, the inhibition of respiratory chain complex I and IV by short-time incubation of PDT-PAO-TPP also accelerated the respiration dysfunction and continuous generation of ROS. These results led to the release of cytochrome c and activation of caspase family-dependent apoptosis. Different from the mechanism of PDT-PAO in HL-60 cells, it mainly induced the mitochondrial metabolic disturbance resulting in the intrinsic apoptosis via inhibiting the activity of PDHC in NB4 cells, which also implied that the efficacy exertion of organic arsenical was a complex process involved in many aspects of cellular function. This study systematically clarifies the anti-cancer mechanism of mitochondria-targeted organic arsenical PDT-PAO-TPP and confirms the new target PDHC of organic arsenicals, which further supports the organic arsenical as a promising anticancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Yu-Jiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Yu-Meng Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - An-Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Yin-Zheng Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Yan-Jun Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, PR China
| | - Feng-Lei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials of Hubei Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, PR China.
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253
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Non-canonical BAD activity regulates breast cancer cell and tumor growth via 14-3-3 binding and mitochondrial metabolism. Oncogene 2019; 38:3325-3339. [PMID: 30635657 PMCID: PMC6756016 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0673-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Bcl-2-associated death promoter BAD is a prognostic indicator for good clinical outcome of breast cancer patients; however, whether BAD affects breast cancer biology is unknown. Here we showed that BAD increased cell growth in breast cancer cells through two distinct mechanisms. Phosphorylation of BAD at S118 increased S99 phosphorylation, 14-3-3 binding and AKT activation to promote growth and survival. Through a second, more prominent pathway, BAD stimulated mitochondrial oxygen consumption in a novel manner that was downstream of substrate entry into the mitochondria. BAD stimulated complex I activity that facilitated enhanced cell growth and sensitized cells to apoptosis in response to complex I blockade. We propose that this dependence on oxidative metabolism generated large but nonaggressive cancers. This model identifies a non-canonical role for BAD and reconciles BAD-mediated tumor growth with favorable outcomes in BAD-high breast cancer patients.
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254
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Zhu X, Meyers A, Long D, Ingram B, Liu T, Yoza BK, Vachharajani V, McCall CE. Frontline Science: Monocytes sequentially rewire metabolism and bioenergetics during an acute inflammatory response. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 105:215-228. [PMID: 30633362 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3hi0918-373r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolism directs the severe acute inflammatory reaction of monocytes to guard homeostasis. This occurs by sequentially activating anabolic immune effector mechanisms, switching to immune deactivation mechanisms and then restoring immunometabolic homeostasis. Nuclear sirtuin 1 and mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase metabolically drive this dynamic and are druggable targets that promote immunometabolic resolution in septic mice and increase survival. We used unbiased metabolomics and a validated monocyte culture model of activation, deactivation, and partial resolution of acute inflammation to sequentially track metabolic rewiring. Increases in glycogenolysis, hexosamine, glycolysis, and pentose phosphate pathways were aligned with anabolic activation. Activation transitioned to combined lipid, protein, amino acid, and nucleotide catabolism during deactivation, and partially subsided during early resolution. Lipid metabolic rewiring signatures aligned with deactivation included elevated n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and increased levels of fatty acid acylcarnitines. Increased methionine to homocysteine cycling increased levels of s-adenosylmethionine rate-limiting transmethylation mediator, and homocysteine and cysteine transsulfuration preceded increases in glutathione. Increased tryptophan catabolism led to elevated kynurenine and de novo biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide from quinolinic acid. Increased branched-chain amino acid catabolism paralleled increases in succinyl-CoA. A rise in the Krebs cycle cis-aconitate-derived itaconate and succinate with decreased fumarate and acetyl-CoA levels occurred concomitant with deactivation and subsided during early resolution. The data suggest that rewiring of metabolic and mitochondrial bioenergetics by monocytes sequentially activates, deactivates, and resolves acute inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine/Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Allison Meyers
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - David Long
- Department of Internal Medicine/Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Brian Ingram
- Metabolon, Inc., Morrisville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Tiefu Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine/Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Barbara K Yoza
- Department of Surgery/General Surgery and Trauma, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Vidula Vachharajani
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Charles E McCall
- Department of Internal Medicine/Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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255
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Gaude E, Schmidt C, Gammage PA, Dugourd A, Blacker T, Chew SP, Saez-Rodriguez J, O'Neill JS, Szabadkai G, Minczuk M, Frezza C. NADH Shuttling Couples Cytosolic Reductive Carboxylation of Glutamine with Glycolysis in Cells with Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Mol Cell 2019; 69:581-593.e7. [PMID: 29452638 PMCID: PMC5823973 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2018.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The bioenergetics and molecular determinants of the metabolic response to mitochondrial dysfunction are incompletely understood, in part due to a lack of appropriate isogenic cellular models of primary mitochondrial defects. Here, we capitalize on a recently developed cell model with defined levels of m.8993T>G mutation heteroplasmy, mTUNE, to investigate the metabolic underpinnings of mitochondrial dysfunction. We found that impaired utilization of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) by the mitochondrial respiratory chain leads to cytosolic reductive carboxylation of glutamine as a new mechanism for cytosol-confined NADH recycling supported by malate dehydrogenase 1 (MDH1). We also observed that increased glycolysis in cells with mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with increased cell migration in an MDH1-dependent fashion. Our results describe a novel link between glycolysis and mitochondrial dysfunction mediated by reductive carboxylation of glutamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Gaude
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Box 197, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Christina Schmidt
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Box 197, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Payam A Gammage
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Aurelien Dugourd
- Joint Research Centre for Computational Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Blacker
- Research Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Sew Peak Chew
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 2QH, UK
| | - Julio Saez-Rodriguez
- Joint Research Centre for Computational Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Hinxton, UK
| | - John S O'Neill
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 2QH, UK
| | - Gyorgy Szabadkai
- Research Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua and CNR Neuroscience Institute, Padua 35121, Italy; The Francis Crick Institute, Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Michal Minczuk
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Christian Frezza
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Box 197, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK.
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256
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Sun J, Tian M, Lin W. A two-photon excited red-emissive probe for imaging mitochondria with high fidelity and its application in monitoring mitochondrial depolarization via FRET. Analyst 2019; 144:2387-2392. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an00076c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Two-photon red-emissive fluorescent probes for imaging mitochondria with high-fidelity have been constructed, and mitochondrial depolarization has been visualized with the probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Sun
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan
| | - Minggang Tian
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan
| | - Weiying Lin
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan
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257
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Diebold LP, Gil HJ, Gao P, Martinez CA, Weinberg SE, Chandel NS. Mitochondrial complex III is necessary for endothelial cell proliferation during angiogenesis. Nat Metab 2019; 1:158-171. [PMID: 31106291 PMCID: PMC6521885 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-018-0011-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) require glycolysis for proliferation and migration during angiogenesis; however, the necessity for the mitochondrial respiratory chain during angiogenesis is not known. Here we report that inhibition of respiratory chain complex III impairs proliferation, but not migration of ECs in vitro by decreasing the NAD+/NADH ratio. To determine whether mitochondrial respiration is necessary for angiogenesis in vivo, we conditionally ablate a subunit of the respiratory chain complex III (QPC) in ECs. Loss of QPC decreases respiration, resulting in diminished EC proliferation, and impairment in retinal and tumor angiogenesis. Loss of QPC does not decrease genes associated with anabolism or nucleotides levels in ECs, but diminishes amino acid levels. Our findings indicate that mitochondrial respiration is necessary for angiogenesis, and that the primary role of mitochondria in ECs is to serve as biosynthetic organelles for cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren P. Diebold
- Departments of Medicine and Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Hyea Jin Gil
- Center for Vascular and Developmental Biology, Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Peng Gao
- Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center Metabolomics Core, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Carlos A. Martinez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Samuel E. Weinberg
- Departments of Medicine and Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Navdeep S. Chandel
- Departments of Medicine and Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
- Corresponding author:
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258
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Sanin DE, Matsushita M, Klein Geltink RI, Grzes KM, van Teijlingen Bakker N, Corrado M, Kabat AM, Buck MD, Qiu J, Lawless SJ, Cameron AM, Villa M, Baixauli F, Patterson AE, Hässler F, Curtis JD, O'Neill CM, O'Sullivan D, Wu D, Mittler G, Huang SCC, Pearce EL, Pearce EJ. Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Regulates Nuclear Gene Expression in Macrophages Exposed to Prostaglandin E2. Immunity 2018; 49:1021-1033.e6. [PMID: 30566880 PMCID: PMC7271981 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic engagement is intrinsic to immune cell function. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) has been shown to modulate macrophage activation, yet how PGE2 might affect metabolism is unclear. Here, we show that PGE2 caused mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) to dissipate in interleukin-4-activated (M(IL-4)) macrophages. Effects on Δψm were a consequence of PGE2-initiated transcriptional regulation of genes, particularly Got1, in the malate-aspartate shuttle (MAS). Reduced Δψm caused alterations in the expression of 126 voltage-regulated genes (VRGs), including those encoding resistin-like molecule α (RELMα), a key marker of M(IL-4) cells, and genes that regulate the cell cycle. The transcription factor ETS variant 1 (ETV1) played a role in the regulation of 38% of the VRGs. These results reveal ETV1 as a Δψm-sensitive transcription factor and Δψm as a mediator of mitochondrial-directed nuclear gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Sanin
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Epigenetics and Immunobiology, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Mai Matsushita
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Epigenetics and Immunobiology, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Ramon I Klein Geltink
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Epigenetics and Immunobiology, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Katarzyna M Grzes
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Epigenetics and Immunobiology, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Nikki van Teijlingen Bakker
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Epigenetics and Immunobiology, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Mauro Corrado
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Epigenetics and Immunobiology, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Agnieszka M Kabat
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Epigenetics and Immunobiology, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Michael D Buck
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Epigenetics and Immunobiology, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Jing Qiu
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Epigenetics and Immunobiology, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Simon J Lawless
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Epigenetics and Immunobiology, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Alanna M Cameron
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Epigenetics and Immunobiology, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Matteo Villa
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Epigenetics and Immunobiology, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Francesc Baixauli
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Epigenetics and Immunobiology, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Annette E Patterson
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Epigenetics and Immunobiology, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Fabian Hässler
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Epigenetics and Immunobiology, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Jonathan D Curtis
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Epigenetics and Immunobiology, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Christina M O'Neill
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - David O'Sullivan
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Epigenetics and Immunobiology, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Duojiao Wu
- Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Gerhard Mittler
- Proteomics, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Stanley Ching-Cheng Huang
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Erika L Pearce
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Epigenetics and Immunobiology, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Edward J Pearce
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Epigenetics and Immunobiology, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
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259
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Andjelković A, Mordas A, Bruinsma L, Ketola A, Cannino G, Giordano L, Dhandapani PK, Szibor M, Dufour E, Jacobs HT. Expression of the Alternative Oxidase Influences Jun N-Terminal Kinase Signaling and Cell Migration. Mol Cell Biol 2018; 38:e00110-18. [PMID: 30224521 PMCID: PMC6275184 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00110-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Downregulation of Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling inhibits cell migration in diverse model systems. In Drosophila pupal development, attenuated JNK signaling in the thoracic dorsal epithelium leads to defective midline closure, resulting in cleft thorax. Here we report that concomitant expression of the Ciona intestinalis alternative oxidase (AOX) was able to compensate for JNK pathway downregulation, substantially correcting the cleft thorax phenotype. AOX expression also promoted wound-healing behavior and single-cell migration in immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts (iMEFs), counteracting the effect of JNK pathway inhibition. However, AOX was not able to rescue developmental phenotypes resulting from knockdown of the AP-1 transcription factor, the canonical target of JNK, nor its targets and had no effect on AP-1-dependent transcription. The migration of AOX-expressing iMEFs in the wound-healing assay was differentially stimulated by antimycin A, which redirects respiratory electron flow through AOX, altering the balance between mitochondrial ATP and heat production. Since other treatments affecting mitochondrial ATP did not stimulate wound healing, we propose increased mitochondrial heat production as the most likely primary mechanism of action of AOX in promoting cell migration in these various contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Andjelković
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- BioMediTech Institute, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Amelia Mordas
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- BioMediTech Institute, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Lyon Bruinsma
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- BioMediTech Institute, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Annika Ketola
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- BioMediTech Institute, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Giuseppe Cannino
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- BioMediTech Institute, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Luca Giordano
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- BioMediTech Institute, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Praveen K Dhandapani
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- BioMediTech Institute, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marten Szibor
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- BioMediTech Institute, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eric Dufour
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- BioMediTech Institute, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Howard T Jacobs
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- BioMediTech Institute, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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260
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Cogliati S, Lorenzi I, Rigoni G, Caicci F, Soriano ME. Regulation of Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain Assembly. J Mol Biol 2018; 430:4849-4873. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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261
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Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of indole carboxylic acid esters of podophyllotoxin as antiproliferative agents. Med Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-018-2266-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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262
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Gurunathan S, Qasim M, Park C, Yoo H, Choi DY, Song H, Park C, Kim JH, Hong K. Cytotoxicity and Transcriptomic Analysis of Silver Nanoparticles in Mouse Embryonic Fibroblast Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113618. [PMID: 30453526 PMCID: PMC6275036 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid development of nanotechnology has led to the use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in biomedical applications, including antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer therapies. The molecular mechanism of AgNPs-induced cytotoxicity has not been studied thoroughly using a combination of cellular assays and RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis. In this study, we prepared AgNPs using myricetin, an anti-oxidant polyphenol, and studied their effects on NIH3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblasts as an in vitro model system to explore the potential biomedical applications of AgNPs. AgNPs induced loss of cell viability and cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, as evident by increased leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) from cells. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were a potential source of cytotoxicity. AgNPs also incrementally increased oxidative stress and the level of malondialdehyde, depleted glutathione and superoxide dismutase, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and caused DNA damage by increasing the level of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine and the expressions of the p53 and p21 genes in NIH3T3 cells. Thus, activation of oxidative stress may be crucial for NIH3T3 cytotoxicity. Interestingly, gene ontology (GO) term analysis revealed alterations in epigenetics-related biological processes including nucleosome assembly and DNA methylation due to AgNPs exposure. This study is the first demonstration that AgNPs can alter bulk histone gene expression. Therefore, our genome-scale study suggests that the apoptosis observed in NIH3T3 cells treated with AgNPs is mediated by the repression of genes required for cell survival and the aberrant enhancement of nucleosome assembly components to induce apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Chanhyeok Park
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Hyunjin Yoo
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Dong Yoon Choi
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Hyuk Song
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Chankyu Park
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Kwonho Hong
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
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263
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Steinert EM, Chandel NS. Mitochondria-ER Pas de Deux Controls Memory T Cell Function. Immunity 2018; 48:479-481. [PMID: 29562198 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Memory CD8+ T cells mediate protective secondary immune responses. In this issue, Bantug et al. (2018) demonstrate that mTORC2-AKT-GSK3β signaling at mitochondria-ER contact sites enables the TCA cycle flux that is necessary for memory CD8+ T cells to produce IFN-γ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M Steinert
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Navdeep S Chandel
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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264
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Qian L, Qi S, Cao F, Zhang J, Zhao F, Li C, Wang C. Toxic effects of boscalid on the growth, photosynthesis, antioxidant system and metabolism of Chlorella vulgaris. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 242:171-181. [PMID: 29980035 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Boscalid is one of the most frequently detected pesticides in main coastal estuaries in California, with concentrations as high as 36 μg/L. However, ecotoxicology information about boscalid to aquatic organisms is scarce. To investigate toxic effects and mechanisms of boscalid on freshwater algae Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris), C. vulgaris were exposed to a range of boscalid concentrations (0, 0.8, 1.6, 2.4 and 3.2 mg/L) for 96 h to study the changes in photosynthetic pigment contents, responses of the antioxidant enzyme system and alterations in endogenous substances. Results indicated that the growth of algae and the content of chlorophyll and carotenoids were significantly inhibited by 1.6 mg/L boscalid. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative damage of C. vulgaris could be induced by boscalid, in accordance with significant changes in ROS levels and a series of antioxidant enzyme activities. Moreover, the alterations in endogenous substances showed that boscalid could affect photosynthesis and energy metabolism of C. vulgaris. These results demonstrated that boscalid could induce impacts on C. vulgaris mainly through disturbing the photosynthesis, oxidative damage and energy metabolism. The present study provided a better understanding of the negative effects and mechanisms of bosaclid in microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Qian
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Suzhen Qi
- Risk Assessment Laboratory for Bee Products Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100093, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangjie Cao
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhao
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Changping Li
- Plant Protection Station, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengju Wang
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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265
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Investigation into Cellular Glycolysis for the Mechanism Study of Energy Metabolism Disorder Triggered by Lipopolysaccharide. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:toxins10110441. [PMID: 30380670 PMCID: PMC6266602 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10110441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the main virulence factor of Gram-negative bacteria, which can incite inflammation in tissues by inducing cells to secrete a variety of proinflammatory mediators, including cytokines, chemokines, interleukins, and prostaglandins. Herein, we chose LPS as an inducer to establish an inflammatory model of HeLa cells, and explored the effects of LPS on energy metabolism. We treated HeLa cells with different concentrations (0, 0.4, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, and 6.0 μg/mL) of LPS for 24 h, and explored its effects on intercellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, intercellular nitrous oxide (NO) content, mitochondrial functions, and enzyme activities related to energy metabolism. Furthermore, we used metabonomics to study the metabolites that participated in energy metabolism. We found a positive correlation between LPS concentrations and intracellular ATP levels. In addition, LPS increased intracellular NO production, altered mitochondrial functions, strengthened glycolytic enzyme activities, and changed metabolites related to energy metabolism. Hence, in this study, we showed that LPS can strengthen energy metabolism by enhancing glycolysis, which could be used as an early diagnostic biomarker or a novel therapeutic target for inflammation-associated cancers.
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266
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Cheng CT, Qi Y, Wang YC, Chi KK, Chung Y, Ouyang C, Chen YR, Oh ME, Sheng X, Tang Y, Liu YR, Lin HH, Kuo CY, Schones D, Vidal CM, Chu JCY, Wang HJ, Chen YH, Miller KM, Chu P, Yen Y, Jiang L, Kung HJ, Ann DK. Arginine starvation kills tumor cells through aspartate exhaustion and mitochondrial dysfunction. Commun Biol 2018; 1:178. [PMID: 30393775 PMCID: PMC6203837 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-018-0178-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Defective arginine synthesis, due to the silencing of argininosuccinate synthase 1 (ASS1), is a common metabolic vulnerability in cancer, known as arginine auxotrophy. Understanding how arginine depletion kills arginine-auxotrophic cancer cells will facilitate the development of anti-cancer therapeutic strategies. Here we show that depletion of extracellular arginine in arginine-auxotrophic cancer cells causes mitochondrial distress and transcriptional reprogramming. Mechanistically, arginine starvation induces asparagine synthetase (ASNS), depleting these cancer cells of aspartate, and disrupting their malate-aspartate shuttle. Supplementation of aspartate, depletion of mitochondria, and knockdown of ASNS all protect the arginine-starved cells, establishing the causal effects of aspartate depletion and mitochondrial dysfunction on the arginine starvation-induced cell death. Furthermore, dietary arginine restriction reduced tumor growth in a xenograft model of ASS1-deficient breast cancer. Our data challenge the view that ASNS promotes homeostasis, arguing instead that ASNS-induced aspartate depletion promotes cytotoxicity, which can be exploited for anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ting Cheng
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Yue Qi
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Yi-Chang Wang
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Kevin K Chi
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Yiyin Chung
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Ching Ouyang
- Department of Information Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Yun-Ru Chen
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Myung Eun Oh
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Xiangpeng Sheng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Yulong Tang
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Yun-Ru Liu
- Office of Human Research, Center for Cancer Research, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - H Helen Lin
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Ching-Ying Kuo
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Dustin Schones
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Christina M Vidal
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Jenny C-Y Chu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Jung Wang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Han Chen
- UC Irvine Diabetes Center, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Kyle M Miller
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Peiguo Chu
- Shared Pathology Core, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Yun Yen
- Office of Human Research, Center for Cancer Research, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Hsing-Jien Kung
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
| | - David K Ann
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
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267
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Liu H, Tao S, Ma H, Jin J, Jing J, Yao L, Ma X, Li F. Functional changes of airway epithelial cells and mitochondria in rat models of asthenic lung and phlegm blocking combined with cough variant asthma. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:5021-5024. [PMID: 30546407 PMCID: PMC6256865 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigated the functional changes of airway epithelial cells and mitochondria in rat models of asthenic lung and phlegm blocking combined with cough variant asthma (CVA). Sixteen Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups: Control and model group, with 8 rats in each group. On the basis of the CVA rat model induced and sensitized by ovalbumin and aluminum hydroxide, the rat models with asthenic lung and phlegm blocking combined with CVA were established via smoking stimulation. The rats in the control group were injected with equivalent normal saline. All rats were sacrificed after the model was successfully prepared. The lung histopathological sections of the two groups of rats were observed, and respiratory control ratio (RCR) of mitochondria and membrane potential changes were compared. The results showed that the rats in the model group had tracheal structure abnormities, epithelial cell damages, cilia structure defects, capillary injection, alveolar exudates, and inflammatory cells compared to those in the control group. RCR of mitochondria and membrane potential of rats in the model group were significantly lower than those of rats in the control group (P<0.05). Damaged lung tissue and decreased mitochondrial activity and membrane potential are detected in the rat models of asthenic lung and phlegm blocking combined with CVA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, P.R. China
| | - Siming Tao
- Pneumology Department, The Affiliated Traditional Medical Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, P.R. China
| | - Hongxia Ma
- Pneumology Department, The Affiliated Traditional Medical Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Jin
- Internal Medicine of TCM, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Jing
- Pneumology Department, The Affiliated Traditional Medical Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, P.R. China
| | - Li Yao
- Pharmacy Department, The Affiliated Traditional Medical Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, P.R. China
| | - Xiulan Ma
- AIDS Research Office, The Affiliated Traditional Medical Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, P.R. China
| | - Fengsen Li
- Pneumology Department, The Affiliated Traditional Medical Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, P.R. China
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268
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Bonora M, Pinton P. Mitochondrial DNA keeps you young. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:992. [PMID: 30250200 PMCID: PMC6155168 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1045-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Bonora
- Departments of Cell Biology and Stem Cell Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.,Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Morphology Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology Oncology and Experimental Biology, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy. .,Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care and Research, 48033, Cotignola, Ravenna, Italy.
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269
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Liu Q, Zhang D, Hu D, Zhou X, Zhou Y. The role of mitochondria in NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Mol Immunol 2018; 103:115-124. [PMID: 30248487 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 289] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multiprotein platform which is activated upon cellular infection or stress. Its activation leads to caspase-1-dependent secretion of proinflammatory cytokines like interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18, and an inflammatory form of cell death termed as pyroptosis. Recent studies have unveiled the pivotal roles of mitochondria in initiation and regulation of the NLRP3 (nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-repeat containing family, pyrin domain-containing 3) inflammasome. NLRP3 activators induce mitochondrial destabilization, NLRP3 deubiquitination, linear ubiquitination of ASC, and externalization or release of mitochondria-derived molecules such as cardiolipin and mitochondrial DNA. These molecules bind to NLRP3 that is translocated on mitochondria and activate the NLRP3 inflammasome. Here we review recently described mechanisms by which mitochondria regulate NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyun Liu
- College of Animal Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Danyan Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Diyu Hu
- College of Animal Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Xiangmei Zhou
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- College of Animal Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China.
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270
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Bian X, Li N, Tan B, Sun B, Guo MQ, Huang G, Fu L, Hsiao WLW, Liu L, Wu JL. Polarity-Tuning Derivatization-LC-MS Approach for Probing Global Carboxyl-Containing Metabolites in Colorectal Cancer. Anal Chem 2018; 90:11210-11215. [PMID: 30193063 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Carboxyl-containing metabolites (CCMs) widely exist in living systems and are the essential components for life. Global characteristics of CCMs in biological samples are critical for the understanding of physiological processes and the discovery for the onset of relevant diseases. However, their determination represents a challenge due to enormous polarity differences, structural diversity, high structural similarity, and poor ionization efficiency in mass spectrometry. Herein, 5-(diisopropylamino)amylamine (DIAAA) derivatization coupled with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was developed for mapping the CCMs. With this methodology, the sensitivity was significantly enhanced. More importantly, the hydrophobicity of polar CCMs, amino acids, TCA cycle intermediates, and short-chain fatty acids and the hydrophilicity of low-polar CCMs, long-chain fatty acids, and bile acids were significantly increased, resulting in a remarkable separation efficiency for which 68 CCMs can be simultaneously determined. Furthermore, the polarity-tuning effect was confirmed to be induced by the different impacts of aliphatic chains and nitrogen atom in DIAAA, the latter existing as a cation in the acidic mobile phase, using different derivatization reagents. Finally, this derivatization method was utilized to hunt for the potential biomarkers in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and 52 CCMs, related with several key metabolic pathways, including amino acids metabolism, TCA cycle, fatty acid metabolism, pyruvate metabolism, and gut flora metabolism were identified. This innovative polarity-tuning derivatization-LC-MS approach was proved to be a valuable tool for probing global metabolome with high separation efficiency and sensitivity in various biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiqing Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health , Macau University of Science and Technology , Macao , China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health , Macau University of Science and Technology , Macao , China
| | - Binbin Tan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Department of Pharmacology and Carson International Cancer Research Centre , Shenzhen University School of Medicine , Shenzhen 518060 , China
| | - Baoqing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Center for Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital , Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou , Guangdong Province , China
| | - Ming-Quan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Sino-Africa Joint Research Center , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan 430074 , China
| | - Guoxin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health , Macau University of Science and Technology , Macao , China
| | - Li Fu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Department of Pharmacology and Carson International Cancer Research Centre , Shenzhen University School of Medicine , Shenzhen 518060 , China
| | - W L Wendy Hsiao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health , Macau University of Science and Technology , Macao , China
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health , Macau University of Science and Technology , Macao , China
| | - Jian-Lin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health , Macau University of Science and Technology , Macao , China
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271
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MacDougall G, Anderton RS, Mastaglia FL, Knuckey NW, Meloni BP. Mitochondria and neuroprotection in stroke: Cationic arginine-rich peptides (CARPs) as a novel class of mitochondria-targeted neuroprotective therapeutics. Neurobiol Dis 2018; 121:17-33. [PMID: 30218759 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is the second leading cause of death globally and represents a major cause of devastating long-term disability. Despite sustained efforts to develop clinically effective neuroprotective therapies, presently there is no clinically available neuroprotective agent for stroke. As a central mediator of neurodamaging events in stroke, mitochondria are recognised as a critical neuroprotective target, and as such, provide a focus for developing mitochondrial-targeted therapeutics. In recent years, cationic arginine-rich peptides (CARPs) have been identified as a novel class of neuroprotective agent with several demonstrated mechanisms of action, including their ability to target mitochondria and exert positive effects on the organelle. This review provides an overview on neuronal mitochondrial dysfunction in ischaemic stroke pathophysiology and highlights the potential beneficial effects of CARPs on mitochondria in the ischaemic brain following stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella MacDougall
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Australia; School of Heath Sciences, and Institute for Health Research, The University Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia.
| | - Ryan S Anderton
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Australia; School of Heath Sciences, and Institute for Health Research, The University Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia
| | - Frank L Mastaglia
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Neville W Knuckey
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Australia; Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Bruno P Meloni
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Australia; Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
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272
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McCall CE, Zabalawi M, Liu T, Martin A, Long DL, Buechler NL, Arts RJW, Netea M, Yoza BK, Stacpoole PW, Vachharajani V. Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex stimulation promotes immunometabolic homeostasis and sepsis survival. JCI Insight 2018; 3:99292. [PMID: 30089711 PMCID: PMC6129136 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.99292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Limited understanding of the mechanisms responsible for life-threatening organ and immune failure hampers scientists' ability to design sepsis treatments. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1) is persistently expressed in immune-tolerant monocytes of septic mice and humans and deactivates mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC), the gate-keeping enzyme for glucose oxidation. Here, we show that targeting PDK with its prototypic inhibitor dichloroacetate (DCA) reactivates PDC; increases mitochondrial oxidative bioenergetics in isolated hepatocytes and splenocytes; promotes vascular, immune, and organ homeostasis; accelerates bacterial clearance; and increases survival. These results indicate that the PDC/PDK axis is a druggable mitochondrial target for promoting immunometabolic and organ homeostasis during sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tiefu Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine/Molecular Medicine and
| | - Ayana Martin
- Department of Internal Medicine/Molecular Medicine and
| | - David L. Long
- Department of Internal Medicine/Molecular Medicine and
| | - Nancy L. Buechler
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rob J. W. Arts
- Department in Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Mihai Netea
- Department in Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Barbara K. Yoza
- Department of Surgery/General Surgery and Trauma, Wake Forest Medical School, Winston- Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Peter W. Stacpoole
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Vidula Vachharajani
- Department of Internal Medicine/Molecular Medicine and
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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273
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Eastlack SC, Dong S, Ivan C, Alahari SK. Suppression of PDHX by microRNA-27b deregulates cell metabolism and promotes growth in breast cancer. Mol Cancer 2018; 17:100. [PMID: 30012170 PMCID: PMC6048708 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-018-0851-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The disruption of normal gene regulation due to microRNA dysfunction is a common event in cancer pathogenesis. MicroRNA-27b is an example of an oncogenic miRNA, and it is frequently upregulated in breast cancer. MicroRNAs have been found to deregulate tumor metabolism, which typically manifests as heightened cellular glucose uptake in consort with increased flux through glycolysis, followed by the preferential conversion of glycolytic pyruvate into lactate (a phenomenon known as the Warburg Effect). Pyruvate Dehydrogenase, an enzyme complex linking glycolysis with downstream oxidative metabolism, represents a key location where regulation of metabolism occurs; PDHX is a key structural component of this complex and is essential for its function. METHODS We sought to characterize the role of miR-27b in breast cancer by identifying novel transcripts under its control. We began by utilizing luciferase, RNA, and protein assays to establish PDHX as a novel target of miR-27b. We then tested whether miR-27b could alter metabolism using several metabolite assay kits and performed a seahorse analysis. We also examined how the altered metabolism might affect cell proliferation. Lastly, we confirmed the relevance of our findings in human breast tumor samples. RESULTS Our data indicate that Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Protein X is a credible target of miR-27b in breast cancer. Mechanistically, by suppressing PDHX, miR-27b altered levels of pyruvate, lactate and citrate, as well as reducing mitochondrial oxidation and promoting extracellular acidification. These changes corresponded with an increased capacity for cell proliferation. In human breast tumor samples, PDHX expression was deficient, and low levels of PDHX were associated with reduced patient survival. CONCLUSIONS MicroRNA-27b targets PDHX, resulting in an altered metabolic configuration that is better suited to fuel biosynthetic processes and cell proliferation, thereby promoting breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven C Eastlack
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSUHSC School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Shengli Dong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSUHSC School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Cristina Ivan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Suresh K Alahari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSUHSC School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
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274
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Bioenergetics of life, disease and death phenomena. Theory Biosci 2018; 137:155-168. [PMID: 29992378 PMCID: PMC6208829 DOI: 10.1007/s12064-018-0266-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this article, some new aspects of unified cell bioenergetics are presented. From the perspective of unified cell bioenergetics certain subsequent stages of cancer development, from initiation stage, through transformation to metastasis, are analyzed. Here we show that after transformation, cancer cells are permanently exposed to reactive oxygen species, that causes continual random DNA mutations and as a result genome and chromosomal destabilizations. The modern cancer attractor hypothesis has been extended in explaining cancer development. Discussion is conducted in light of current cancerogenesis research, including bioenergetic cancer initiation, the somatic mutation theory and the tissue organization field theory. In the article reasons complicating the discovery of patterns of cancer genome changes and cancer evolution are presented. In addition certain cancer therapeutic aspects are given attention to.
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275
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St John JC, Tsai TS. The association of mitochondrial DNA haplotypes and phenotypic traits in pigs. BMC Genet 2018; 19:41. [PMID: 29980191 PMCID: PMC6035439 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-018-0629-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) is an emerging determiner of phenotypic traits and disease. mtDNA is inherited in a strict maternal fashion from the population of mitochondria present in the egg at fertilisation. Individuals are assigned to mtDNA haplotypes and those with sequences that cluster closely have common origins and their migration patterns can be mapped. Previously, we identified five mtDNA haplotypes in the commercial breeding lines of Australian pigs, which defined their common origins, and showed how these mtDNA haplotypes influenced litter size and reproductive function in terms of egg and embryo quality and fertilisation efficiency. Results We have determined whether mtDNA haplotypes influence other phenotypic traits. These include fat density; muscle depth; fat to leanness ratios; lifetime daily gain; teat quality; muscle score; front and rear leg assessments; percentage offspring weaned; weaning to oestrus intervals; gilt age at selection; and gestational length. In all, we assessed 5687 pigs of which 2762 were females and 2925 were males. We assessed all animals together and then by gender. We further assessed by gender based on whether a sire had joined with females from only one haplotype or from more than one haplotype. We determined that fat density, muscle depth, fat to leanness ratios, lifetime daily gain and teat quality were influenced by mtDNA haplotype and that there were gender specific effects on teat quality. Conclusions Our data illustrate that mtDNA haplotypes are associated with a number of important phenotypic traits indicative of economic breeding values in breeding pigs with gender-specific differences. Interestingly, there are ‘trade offs’ whereby some mtDNA haplotypes perform better for one selection criterion, such as muscle depth, but less so for another, for example teat quality, indicating that pig mtDNA haplotypes are afforded an advantage in one respect but a disadvantage in another. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12863-018-0629-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin C St John
- Centre for Genetic Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia.
| | - Te-Sha Tsai
- Centre for Genetic Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia
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276
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Sullivan LB, Luengo A, Danai LV, Bush LN, Diehl FF, Hosios AM, Lau AN, Elmiligy S, Malstrom S, Lewis CA, Vander Heiden MG. Aspartate is an endogenous metabolic limitation for tumour growth. Nat Cell Biol 2018; 20:782-788. [PMID: 29941931 PMCID: PMC6051729 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-018-0125-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Defining the metabolic limitations of tumour growth will help to develop cancer therapies1. Cancer cells proliferate slower in tumours than in standard culture conditions, indicating that a metabolic limitation may restrict cell proliferation in vivo. Aspartate synthesis can limit cancer cell proliferation when respiration is impaired2-4; however, whether acquiring aspartate is endogenously limiting for tumour growth is unknown. We confirm that aspartate has poor cell permeability, which prevents environmental acquisition, whereas the related amino acid asparagine is available to cells in tumours, but cancer cells lack asparaginase activity to convert asparagine to aspartate. Heterologous expression of guinea pig asparaginase 1 (gpASNase1), an enzyme that produces aspartate from asparagine5, confers the ability to use asparagine to supply intracellular aspartate to cancer cells in vivo. Tumours expressing gpASNase1 grow at a faster rate, indicating that aspartate acquisition is an endogenous metabolic limitation for the growth of some tumours. Tumours expressing gpASNase1 are also refractory to the growth suppressive effects of metformin, suggesting that metformin inhibits tumour growth by depleting aspartate. These findings suggest that therapeutic aspartate suppression could be effective to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas B Sullivan
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Alba Luengo
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Laura V Danai
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lauren N Bush
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Frances F Diehl
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Aaron M Hosios
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Allison N Lau
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sarah Elmiligy
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Scott Malstrom
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Matthew G Vander Heiden
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
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277
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Zorova LD, Popkov VA, Plotnikov EY, Silachev DN, Pevzner IB, Jankauskas SS, Babenko VA, Zorov SD, Balakireva AV, Juhaszova M, Sollott SJ, Zorov DB. Mitochondrial membrane potential. Anal Biochem 2018; 552:50-59. [PMID: 28711444 PMCID: PMC5792320 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1088] [Impact Index Per Article: 181.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) generated by proton pumps (Complexes I, III and IV) is an essential component in the process of energy storage during oxidative phosphorylation. Together with the proton gradient (ΔpH), ΔΨm forms the transmembrane potential of hydrogen ions which is harnessed to make ATP. The levels of ΔΨm and ATP in the cell are kept relatively stable although there are limited fluctuations of both these factors that can occur reflecting normal physiological activity. However, sustained changes in both factors may be deleterious. A long-lasting drop or rise of ΔΨm vs normal levels may induce unwanted loss of cell viability and be a cause of various pathologies. Among other factors, ΔΨm plays a key role in mitochondrial homeostasis through selective elimination of dysfunctional mitochondria. It is also a driving force for transport of ions (other than H+) and proteins which are necessary for healthy mitochondrial functioning. We propose additional potential mechanisms for which ΔΨm is essential for maintenance of cellular health and viability and provide recommendations how to accurately measure ΔΨm in a cell and discuss potential sources of artifacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ljubava D Zorova
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation; International Laser Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vasily A Popkov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation; Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Egor Y Plotnikov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Denis N Silachev
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Irina B Pevzner
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Stanislovas S Jankauskas
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Valentina A Babenko
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation; Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Savva D Zorov
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasia V Balakireva
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Magdalena Juhaszova
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Steven J Sollott
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dmitry B Zorov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation; Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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278
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Kim JY, Lee SH, Bae IH, Shin DW, Min D, Ham M, Kim KH, Lee TR, Kim HJ, Son ED, Lee AY, Song YW, Kil IS. Pyruvate Protects against Cellular Senescence through the Control of Mitochondrial and Lysosomal Function in Dermal Fibroblasts. J Invest Dermatol 2018; 138:2522-2530. [PMID: 29959907 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction can drive cellular senescence, which is accompanied by changes in metabolism and increases in senescence-associated secretory phenotypes. Although pyruvate, a key metabolite for numerous aspects of metabolism, has been used as general supplement in synthetic media, the physiological function of pyruvate underlying its protective role against cellular senescence under normal conditions has remained unknown. Here, we show that extracellular pyruvate prevents senescence in normal human dermal fibroblasts through increasing the generation of oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) during the conversion to lactate. Acetylated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), vacuolar-type H+-ATPaseV0A1 (v-ATPaseV0A1), NF-κB p65 subunit (RelA), and histone H3 accumulate under pyruvate deprivation conditions, resulting in the onset of senescence in normal human dermal fibroblasts through the accumulation of abnormal mitochondria generated by lysosomal inactivation-induced mitophagy defects, and through an increase in senescence-associated secretory phenotypes. Furthermore, pyruvate showed a protective effect against aging phenotypes in skin equivalents, which consist of a dermis and epidermis that act similarly to in vivo skin tissues. Our findings reveal a connection between pyruvate and mitochondrial dysfunction in the progression of senescence that is, to our knowledge, previously unreported. These results suggest that the pyruvate deprivation-induced senescence model can be used to study the connection between metabolism and senescence under normal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Yeon Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Lee
- Basic Research & Innovation Division, Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Hong Bae
- Basic Research & Innovation Division, Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Wook Shin
- Basic Research & Innovation Division, Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Daejin Min
- Basic Research & Innovation Division, Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Mira Ham
- Basic Research & Innovation Division, Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Han Kim
- Basic Research & Innovation Division, Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Ryong Lee
- Basic Research & Innovation Division, Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-June Kim
- Basic Research & Innovation Division, Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui Dong Son
- Basic Research & Innovation Division, Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ai-Yong Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Wook Song
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - In Sup Kil
- Basic Research & Innovation Division, Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
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279
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Rahman J, Rahman S. Mitochondrial medicine in the omics era. Lancet 2018; 391:2560-2574. [PMID: 29903433 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(18)30727-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic bioenergetic organelles whose maintenance requires around 1500 proteins from two genomes. Mutations in either the mitochondrial or nuclear genome can disrupt a plethora of cellular metabolic and homoeostatic functions. Mitochondrial diseases represent one of the most common and severe groups of inherited genetic disorders, characterised by clinical, biochemical, and genetic heterogeneity, diagnostic odysseys, and absence of disease-modifying curative therapies. This Review aims to discuss recent advances in mitochondrial biology and medicine arising from widespread use of high-throughput omics technologies, and also includes a broad discussion of emerging therapies for mitochondrial disease. New insights into both bioenergetic and biosynthetic mitochondrial functionalities have expedited the genetic diagnosis of primary mitochondrial disorders, and identified novel mitochondrial pathomechanisms and new targets for therapeutic intervention. As we enter this new era of mitochondrial medicine, underpinned by global unbiased approaches and multifaceted investigation of mitochondrial function, omics technologies will continue to shed light on unresolved mitochondrial questions, paving the way for improved outcomes for patients with mitochondrial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyeeta Rahman
- Mitochondrial Research Group, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Shamima Rahman
- Mitochondrial Research Group, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Metabolic Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
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280
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Hoxhaj G, Hughes-Hallett J, Timson RC, Ilagan E, Yuan M, Asara JM, Ben-Sahra I, Manning BD. The mTORC1 Signaling Network Senses Changes in Cellular Purine Nucleotide Levels. Cell Rep 2018; 21:1331-1346. [PMID: 29091770 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanistic (or mammalian) target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) integrates signals from growth factors and nutrients to control biosynthetic processes, including protein, lipid, and nucleic acid synthesis. We find that the mTORC1 pathway is responsive to changes in purine nucleotides in a manner analogous to its sensing of amino acids. Depletion of cellular purines, but not pyrimidines, inhibits mTORC1, and restoration of intracellular adenine nucleotides via addition of exogenous purine nucleobases or nucleosides acutely reactivates mTORC1. Adenylate sensing by mTORC1 is dependent on the tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) protein complex and its regulation of Rheb upstream of mTORC1, but independent of energy stress and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Even though mTORC1 signaling is not acutely sensitive to changes in intracellular guanylates, long-term depletion of guanylates decreases Rheb protein levels. Our findings suggest that nucleotide sensing, like amino acid sensing, enables mTORC1 to tightly coordinate nutrient availability with the synthesis of macromolecules, such as protein and nucleic acids, produced from those nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerta Hoxhaj
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James Hughes-Hallett
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rebecca C Timson
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Erika Ilagan
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Min Yuan
- Division of Signal Transduction, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John M Asara
- Division of Signal Transduction, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Issam Ben-Sahra
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Brendan D Manning
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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281
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Lozoya OA, Santos JH, Woychik RP. A Leveraged Signal-to-Noise Ratio (LSTNR) Method to Extract Differentially Expressed Genes and Multivariate Patterns of Expression From Noisy and Low-Replication RNAseq Data. Front Genet 2018; 9:176. [PMID: 29868123 PMCID: PMC5964166 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To life scientists, one important feature offered by RNAseq, a next-generation sequencing tool used to estimate changes in gene expression levels, lies in its unprecedented resolution. It can score countable differences in transcript numbers among thousands of genes and between experimental groups, all at once. However, its high cost limits experimental designs to very small sample sizes, usually N = 3, which often results in statistically underpowered analysis and poor reproducibility. All these issues are compounded by the presence of experimental noise, which is harder to distinguish from instrumental error when sample sizes are limiting (e.g., small-budget pilot tests), experimental populations exhibit biologically heterogeneous or diffuse expression phenotypes (e.g., patient samples), or when discriminating among transcriptional signatures of closely related experimental conditions (e.g., toxicological modes of action, or MOAs). Here, we present a leveraged signal-to-noise ratio (LSTNR) thresholding method, founded on generalized linear modeling (GLM) of aligned read detection limits to extract differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from noisy low-replication RNAseq data. The LSTNR method uses an agnostic independent filtering strategy to define the dynamic range of detected aggregate read counts per gene, and assigns statistical weights that prioritize genes with better sequencing resolution in differential expression analyses. To assess its performance, we implemented the LSTNR method to analyze three separate datasets: first, using a systematically noisy in silico dataset, we demonstrated that LSTNR can extract pre-designed patterns of expression and discriminate between "noise" and "true" differentially expressed pseudogenes at a 100% success rate; then, we illustrated how the LSTNR method can assign patient-derived breast cancer specimens correctly to one out of their four reported molecular subtypes (luminal A, luminal B, Her2-enriched and basal-like); and last, we showed the ability to retrieve five different modes of action (MOA) elicited in livers of rats exposed to three toxicants under three nutritional routes by using the LSTNR method. By combining differential measurements with resolving power to detect DEGs, the LSTNR method offers an alternative approach to interrogate noisy and low-replication RNAseq datasets, which handles multiple biological conditions at once, and defines benchmarks to validate RNAseq experiments with standard benchtop assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oswaldo A Lozoya
- Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Janine H Santos
- Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Richard P Woychik
- Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC, United States
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282
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Martin SD, McGee SL. Metabolic reprogramming in type 2 diabetes and the development of breast cancer. J Endocrinol 2018; 237:R35-R46. [PMID: 29487204 DOI: 10.1530/joe-18-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A wealth of epidemiological data has found that patients with type 2 diabetes have a greater risk of developing breast cancer. The molecular mechanisms underpinning this relationship are yet to be elucidated; however, this review examines the available evidence suggesting that the metabolic abnormalities observed in type 2 diabetes can predispose to the development of breast cancer. Alterations in substrate availability and the hormonal milieu, particularly hyperinsulinemia, not only create a favorable metabolic environment for tumorigenesis, but also induce metabolic reprogramming events that are required for the transformation of breast cancer cells. In addition, the dysfunction and hypoxia of adipose tissue surrounding the breast cancer niche is another putative link that will be discussed. Finally, the mechanisms by which breast cancer cells evade checkpoints associated with nutrient overload will be examined. Experimentally validating these potential links will be important for prediction and treatment of breast cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheree D Martin
- Metabolic Reprogramming LaboratoryMetabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine and Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Sean L McGee
- Metabolic Reprogramming LaboratoryMetabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine and Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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283
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Lozoya OA, Martinez-Reyes I, Wang T, Grenet D, Bushel P, Li J, Chandel N, Woychik RP, Santos JH. Mitochondrial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide reduced (NADH) oxidation links the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle with methionine metabolism and nuclear DNA methylation. PLoS Biol 2018; 16:e2005707. [PMID: 29668680 PMCID: PMC5927466 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2005707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial function affects many aspects of cellular physiology, and, most recently, its role in epigenetics has been reported. Mechanistically, how mitochondrial function alters DNA methylation patterns in the nucleus remains ill defined. Using a cell culture model of induced mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion, in this study we show that progressive mitochondrial dysfunction leads to an early transcriptional and metabolic program centered on the metabolism of various amino acids, including those involved in the methionine cycle. We find that this program also increases DNA methylation, which occurs primarily in the genes that are differentially expressed. Maintenance of mitochondrial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide reduced (NADH) oxidation in the context of mtDNA loss rescues methionine salvage and polyamine synthesis and prevents changes in DNA methylation and gene expression but does not affect serine/folate metabolism or transsulfuration. This work provides a novel mechanistic link between mitochondrial function and epigenetic regulation of gene expression that involves polyamine and methionine metabolism responding to changes in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Given the implications of these findings, future studies across different physiological contexts and in vivo are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oswaldo A. Lozoya
- Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Inmaculada Martinez-Reyes
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Tianyuan Wang
- Integrative Bioinformatics Group, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Dagoberto Grenet
- Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Pierre Bushel
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Group, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jianying Li
- Integrative Bioinformatics Group, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Navdeep Chandel
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Richard P. Woychik
- Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JHS); (RPW)
| | - Janine H. Santos
- Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JHS); (RPW)
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284
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MacPherson S, Kilgour M, Lum JJ. Understanding lymphocyte metabolism for use in cancer immunotherapy. FEBS J 2018; 285:2567-2578. [PMID: 29611301 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Like all dividing cells, naïve T cells undergo a predictable sequence of events to enter the cell cycle starting from G0 and progressing to G1 , S and finally G2 /M. This methodical series of steps ensures fidelity in the generation of two identical T cells during a single round of division. To achieve this, T cells must activate or inactivate metabolic pathways at discrete times during each phase of the cell cycle. This permits the generation of substrates to support biosynthesis, bioenergetics and the epigenetic changes required for proper differentiation and function. The precursors that feed into these pathways are often shared, highlighting the complex relationship between metabolism and cellular processes that are essential to lymphocytes. It is therefore not surprising that different T cell subtypes exhibit unique metabolic dependencies that change as they mature and go through specialized differentiation programmes. The importance of the influence of metabolism on T cells is underscored by the emerging field of cancer immunotherapy, where autologous T cells can be manufactured ex vivo then infused as a form of curative treatment for human cancers. This review will highlight some of the recent knowledge on T lymphocyte metabolism and give a perspective on the practical implications for cellular-based immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah MacPherson
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, Canada
| | - Marisa Kilgour
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Canada
| | - Julian J Lum
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Canada
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285
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Naguib A, Mathew G, Reczek CR, Watrud K, Ambrico A, Herzka T, Salas IC, Lee MF, El-Amine N, Zheng W, Di Francesco ME, Marszalek JR, Pappin DJ, Chandel NS, Trotman LC. Mitochondrial Complex I Inhibitors Expose a Vulnerability for Selective Killing of Pten-Null Cells. Cell Rep 2018; 23:58-67. [PMID: 29617673 PMCID: PMC6003704 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of advanced prostate cancer (PC) is the concomitant loss of PTEN and p53 function. To selectively eliminate such cells, we screened cytotoxic compounds on Pten-/-;Trp53-/- fibroblasts and their Pten-WT reference. Highly selective killing of Pten-null cells can be achieved by deguelin, a natural insecticide. Deguelin eliminates Pten-deficient cells through inhibition of mitochondrial complex I (CI). Five hundred-fold higher drug doses are needed to obtain the same killing of Pten-WT cells, even though deguelin blocks their electron transport chain equally well. Selectivity arises because mitochondria of Pten-null cells consume ATP through complex V, instead of producing it. The resulting glucose dependency can be exploited to selectively kill Pten-null cells with clinically relevant CI inhibitors, especially if they are lipophilic. In vivo, deguelin suppressed disease in our genetically engineered mouse model for metastatic PC. Our data thus introduce a vulnerability for highly selective targeting of incurable PC with inhibitors of CI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Naguib
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cancer Biology, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Grinu Mathew
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cancer Biology, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Colleen R Reczek
- Northwestern Medical School, Cell and Molecular Biology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kaitlin Watrud
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cancer Biology, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Alexandra Ambrico
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cancer Biology, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Tali Herzka
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cancer Biology, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | | | - Matthew F Lee
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cancer Biology, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Nour El-Amine
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cancer Biology, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Wu Zheng
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cancer Biology, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - M Emilia Di Francesco
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joseph R Marszalek
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Darryl J Pappin
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cancer Biology, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Navdeep S Chandel
- Northwestern Medical School, Cell and Molecular Biology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lloyd C Trotman
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cancer Biology, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA.
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286
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Picard M, McEwen BS, Epel ES, Sandi C. An energetic view of stress: Focus on mitochondria. Front Neuroendocrinol 2018; 49:72-85. [PMID: 29339091 PMCID: PMC5964020 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Energy is required to sustain life and enable stress adaptation. At the cellular level, energy is largely derived from mitochondria - unique multifunctional organelles with their own genome. Four main elements connect mitochondria to stress: (1) Energy is required at the molecular, (epi)genetic, cellular, organellar, and systemic levels to sustain components of stress responses; (2) Glucocorticoids and other steroid hormones are produced and metabolized by mitochondria; (3) Reciprocally, mitochondria respond to neuroendocrine and metabolic stress mediators; and (4) Experimentally manipulating mitochondrial functions alters physiological and behavioral responses to psychological stress. Thus, mitochondria are endocrine organelles that provide both the energy and signals that enable and direct stress adaptation. Neural circuits regulating social behavior - as well as psychopathological processes - are also influenced by mitochondrial energetics. An integrative view of stress as an energy-driven process opens new opportunities to study mechanisms of adaptation and regulation across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Picard
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral Medicine, Columbia University, Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Neurology, The H. Houston Merritt Center, Columbia Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Bruce S McEwen
- Laboratory for Neuroendocrinology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Elissa S Epel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Carmen Sandi
- Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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287
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Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are well known for their role in mediating both physiological and pathophysiological signal transduction. Enzymes and subcellular compartments that typically produce ROS are associated with metabolic regulation, and diseases associated with metabolic dysfunction may be influenced by changes in redox balance. In this review, we summarize the current literature surrounding ROS and their role in metabolic and inflammatory regulation, focusing on ROS signal transduction and its relationship to disease progression. In particular, we examine ROS production in compartments such as the cytoplasm, mitochondria, peroxisome, and endoplasmic reticulum and discuss how ROS influence metabolic processes such as proteasome function, autophagy, and general inflammatory signaling. We also summarize and highlight the role of ROS in the regulation metabolic/inflammatory diseases including atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, and stroke. In order to develop therapies that target oxidative signaling, it is vital to understand the balance ROS signaling plays in both physiology and pathophysiology, and how manipulation of this balance and the identity of the ROS may influence cellular and tissue homeostasis. An increased understanding of specific sources of ROS production and an appreciation for how ROS influence cellular metabolism may help guide us in the effort to treat cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Forrester
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta GA
| | - Daniel S Kikuchi
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta GA
| | - Marina S Hernandes
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta GA
| | - Qian Xu
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta GA
| | - Kathy K Griendling
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta GA.
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288
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Mitochondria-Endoplasmic Reticulum Contact Sites Function as Immunometabolic Hubs that Orchestrate the Rapid Recall Response of Memory CD8 + T Cells. Immunity 2018. [PMID: 29523440 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Glycolysis is linked to the rapid response of memory CD8+ T cells, but the molecular and subcellular structural elements enabling enhanced glucose metabolism in nascent activated memory CD8+ T cells are unknown. We found that rapid activation of protein kinase B (PKB or AKT) by mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) led to inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) at mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) junctions. This enabled recruitment of hexokinase I (HK-I) to the voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) on mitochondria. Binding of HK-I to VDAC promoted respiration by facilitating metabolite flux into mitochondria. Glucose tracing pinpointed pyruvate oxidation in mitochondria, which was the metabolic requirement for rapid generation of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in memory T cells. Subcellular organization of mTORC2-AKT-GSK3β at mitochondria-ER contact sites, promoting HK-I recruitment to VDAC, thus underpins the metabolic reprogramming needed for memory CD8+ T cells to rapidly acquire effector function.
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289
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Merlo A, Bernardo-Castiñeira C, Sáenz-de-Santa-María I, Pitiot AS, Balbín M, Astudillo A, Valdés N, Scola B, Del Toro R, Méndez-Ferrer S, Piruat JI, Suarez C, Chiara MD. Role of VHL, HIF1A and SDH on the expression of miR-210: Implications for tumoral pseudo-hypoxic fate. Oncotarget 2018; 8:6700-6717. [PMID: 28036268 PMCID: PMC5351664 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and its microRNA target, miR-210, are candidate tumor-drivers of metabolic reprogramming in cancer. Neuroendocrine neoplasms such as paragangliomas (PGLs) are particularly appealing for understanding the cancer metabolic adjustments because of their associations with deregulations of metabolic enzymes, such as succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), and the von Hippel Lindau (VHL) gene involved in HIF-1α stabilization. However, the role of miR-210 in the pathogenesis of SDH-related tumors remains an unmet challenge. Herein is described an in vivo genetic analysis of the role of VHL, HIF1A and SDH on miR-210 by using knockout murine models, siRNA gene silencing, and analyses of human tumors. HIF-1α knockout abolished hypoxia-induced miR-210 expression in vivo but did not alter its constitutive expression in paraganglia. Normoxic miR-210 levels substantially increased by complete, but not partial, VHL silencing in paraganglia of knockout VHL-mice and by over-expression of p76del-mutated pVHL. Similarly, VHL-mutated PGLs, not those with decreased VHL-gene/mRNA dosage, over-expressed miR-210 and accumulate HIF-1α in most tumor cells. Ablation of SDH activity in SDHD-null cell lines or reduction of the SDHD or SDHB protein levels elicited by siRNA-induced gene silencing did not induce miR-210 whereas the presence of SDH mutations in PGLs and tumor-derived cell lines was associated with mild increase of miR-210 and the presence of a heterogeneous, HIF-1α-positive and HIF-1α-negative, tumor cell population. Thus, activation of HIF-1α is likely an early event in VHL-defective PGLs directly linked to VHL mutations, but it is a late event favored but not directly triggered by SDHx mutations. This combined analysis provides insights into the mechanisms of HIF-1α/miR-210 regulation in normal and tumor tissues potentially useful for understanding the pathogenesis of cancer and other diseases sharing similar underpinnings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Merlo
- Otorhinolaryngology Service, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, CIBERONC, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Cristóbal Bernardo-Castiñeira
- Otorhinolaryngology Service, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, CIBERONC, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Inés Sáenz-de-Santa-María
- Otorhinolaryngology Service, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, CIBERONC, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ana S Pitiot
- Service of Molecular Oncology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Milagros Balbín
- Service of Molecular Oncology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Aurora Astudillo
- Service of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Nuria Valdés
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Bartolomé Scola
- Otorhinolaryngology Service, Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Del Toro
- Stem Cell Niche Pathophysiology Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Cardiovascular Physiopahology, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Simón Méndez-Ferrer
- Stem Cell Niche Pathophysiology Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain.,Stem Cell Institute and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge and National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, UK
| | - José I Piruat
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiopahology, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Carlos Suarez
- Otorhinolaryngology Service, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, CIBERONC, Oviedo, Spain
| | - María-Dolores Chiara
- Otorhinolaryngology Service, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, CIBERONC, Oviedo, Spain
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290
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Melone MAB, Valentino A, Margarucci S, Galderisi U, Giordano A, Peluso G. The carnitine system and cancer metabolic plasticity. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:228. [PMID: 29445084 PMCID: PMC5833840 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0313-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic flexibility describes the ability of cells to respond or adapt its metabolism to support and enable rapid proliferation, continuous growth, and survival in hostile conditions. This dynamic character of the cellular metabolic network appears enhanced in cancer cells, in order to increase the adaptive phenotype and to maintain both viability and uncontrolled proliferation. Cancer cells can reprogram their metabolism to satisfy the energy as well as the biosynthetic intermediate request and to preserve their integrity from the harsh and hypoxic environment. Although several studies now recognize these reprogrammed activities as hallmarks of cancer, it remains unclear which are the pathways involved in regulating metabolic plasticity. Recent findings have suggested that carnitine system (CS) could be considered as a gridlock to finely trigger the metabolic flexibility of cancer cells. Indeed, the components of this system are involved in the bi-directional transport of acyl moieties from cytosol to mitochondria and vice versa, thus playing a fundamental role in tuning the switch between the glucose and fatty acid metabolism. Therefore, the CS regulation, at both enzymatic and epigenetic levels, plays a pivotal role in tumors, suggesting new druggable pathways for prevention and treatment of human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariarosa Anna Beatrice Melone
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic Sciences, and Aging, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
- Department of Biology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anna Valentino
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic Sciences, and Aging, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
- Institute of Agro-Environmental and Forest Biology, National Research Council, IBAF-CNR, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Umberto Galderisi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Section, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Department of Biology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
| | - Gianfranco Peluso
- Institute of Agro-Environmental and Forest Biology, National Research Council, IBAF-CNR, Naples, Italy.
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291
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Mahoney DE, Hiebert JB, Thimmesch A, Pierce JT, Vacek JL, Clancy RL, Sauer AJ, Pierce JD. Understanding D-Ribose and Mitochondrial Function. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 6:1-5. [PMID: 29780691 PMCID: PMC5959283 DOI: 10.7575/aiac.abcmed.v.6n.1p.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are important organelles referred to as cellular powerhouses for their unique properties of cellular energy production. With many pathologic conditions and aging, mitochondrial function declines, and there is a reduction in the production of adenosine triphosphate. The energy carrying molecule generated by cellular respiration and by pentose phosphate pathway, an alternative pathway of glucose metabolism. D-ribose is a naturally occurring monosaccharide found in the cells and particularly in the mitochondria is essential in energy production. Without sufficient energy, cells cannot maintain integrity and function. Supplemental D-ribose has been shown to improve cellular processes when there is mitochondrial dysfunction. When individuals take supplemental D-ribose, it can bypass part of the pentose pathway to produce D-ribose-5-phosphate for the production of energy. In this article, we review how energy is produced by cellular respiration, the pentose pathway, and the use of supplemental D-ribose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane E Mahoney
- University of Kansas Medical Center, School of Nursing, Kansas, US
| | - John B Hiebert
- University of Kansas Medical Center, School of Nursing, Kansas, US
| | - Amanda Thimmesch
- University of Kansas Medical Center, School of Nursing, Kansas, US
| | - John T Pierce
- University of Kansas Medical Center, School of Nursing, Kansas, US
| | | | - Richard L Clancy
- University of Kansas Medical Center, School of Nursing, Kansas, US
| | - Andrew J Sauer
- Center for Advanced Heart Failure and Heart Transplantation, Kansas, US
| | - Janet D Pierce
- University of Kansas Medical Center, School of Nursing, Kansas, US
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292
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Volobueva AS, Melnichenko AA, Grechko AV, Orekhov AN. Mitochondrial genome variability: the effect on cellular functional activity. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2018; 14:237-245. [PMID: 29467576 PMCID: PMC5811183 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s153895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the key players in cell metabolism, calcium homeostasis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Mitochondrial genome alterations are reported to be associated with numerous human disorders affecting nearly all tissues. In this review, we discuss the available information on the involvement of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations in cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandra A Melnichenko
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey V Grechko
- Federal Scientific Clinical Center for Resuscitation and Rehabilitation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander N Orekhov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, Moscow, Russia
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293
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Mitochondrial regulation of hematopoietic stem cells. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2018; 49:91-98. [PMID: 29309987 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2017.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) preferentially use glycolysis rather than mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation for energy production. While glycolysis in HSC is typically viewed as response to a hypoxic bone marrow environment that protects HSC from damaging reactive oxygen species, other interpretations are possible. Furthermore, recent evidence directly supports a critical role for mitochondria in the maintenance and function of HSCs that goes beyond ATP production. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of metabolism and the role of mitochondria in the biology of HSCs.
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294
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Mitohormesis, an Antiaging Paradigm. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 340:35-77. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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295
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Jeong JS, Kim SR, Lee YC. Can Controlling Endoplasmic Reticulum Dysfunction Treat Allergic Inflammation in Severe Asthma With Fungal Sensitization? ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2018; 10:106-120. [PMID: 29411551 PMCID: PMC5809759 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2018.10.2.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Severe asthma is a heterogeneous disease entity to which diverse cellular components and pathogenetic mechanisms contribute. Current asthma therapies, including new biologic agents, are mainly targeting T helper type 2 cell-dominant inflammation, so that they are often unsatisfactory in the treatment of severe asthma. Respiratory fungal exposure has long been regarded as a precipitating factor for severe asthma phenotype. Moreover, as seen in clinical definitions of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) and severe asthma with fungal sensitization (SAFS), fungal allergy-associated severe asthma phenotype is increasingly thought to have distinct pathobiologic mechanisms requiring different therapeutic approaches other than conventional treatment. However, there are still many unanswered questions on the direct causality of fungal sensitization in inducing severe allergic inflammation in SAFS. Recently, growing evidence suggests that stress response from the largest organelle, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), is closely interconnected to diverse cellular immune/inflammatory platforms, thereby being implicated in severe allergic lung inflammation. Interestingly, a recent study on this issue has suggested that ER stress responses and several associated molecular platforms, including phosphoinositide 3-kinase-δ and mitochondria, may be crucial players in the development of severe allergic inflammation in the SAFS. Defining emerging roles of ER and associated cellular platforms in SAFS may offer promising therapeutic options in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Seok Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Research Center for Pulmonary Disorders, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - So Ri Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Research Center for Pulmonary Disorders, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Yong Chul Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Research Center for Pulmonary Disorders, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea.
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296
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Lei Y, Liu L, Tang X, Yang D, Yang X, He F. Sanguinarine and chelerythrine: two natural products for mitochondria-imaging with aggregation-induced emission enhancement and pH-sensitive characteristics. RSC Adv 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra12920c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, two natural products: chelerythrine (Che) and sanguinarine (San) were systematically explored for aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) characteristics by a series of spectroscopic and theoretical experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaohui Lei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Liyan Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Xuemei Tang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Depo Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Xuhui Yang
- Assisted Reproductive Center
- Guangdong Women and Children's Hospital
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Feng He
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
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297
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Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediate redox signaling necessary for numerous cellular functions. Yet, high levels of ROS in cells and tissues can cause damage and cell death. Therefore, regulation of redox homeostasis is essential for ROS-dependent signaling that does not incur cellular damage. Cells achieve this optimal balance by coordinating ROS production and elimination. In this Minireview, we discuss the mechanisms by which proliferating cancer and T cells maintain a carefully controlled redox balance. Greater insight into such redox biology may enable precisely targeted manipulation of ROS for effective medical therapies against cancer or immunological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyewon Kong
- From the Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Navdeep S Chandel
- From the Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611
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298
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More than a powerplant: the influence of mitochondrial transfer on the epigenome. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 3:16-24. [PMID: 29750205 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Each cell in the human body, with the exception of red blood cells, contains multiple copies of mitochondria that house their own genetic material, the maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA. Mitochondria are the cell's powerplant due to their massive ATP generation. However, the mitochondrion is also a hub for metabolite production from the TCA cycle, fatty acid beta-oxidation, and ketogenesis. In addition to producing macromolecules for biosynthetic reactions and cell replication, several mitochondrial intermediate metabolites serve as cofactors or substrates for epigenome modifying enzymes that regulate chromatin structure and impact gene expression. Here, we discuss connections between mitochondrial metabolites and enzymatic writers and erasers of chromatin modifications. We do this from the unique perspective of cell-to-cell mitochondrial transfer and its potential impact on mitochondrial replacement therapies.
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299
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Frazier AE, Thorburn DR, Compton AG. Mitochondrial energy generation disorders: genes, mechanisms, and clues to pathology. J Biol Chem 2017; 294:5386-5395. [PMID: 29233888 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.r117.809194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherited disorders of oxidative phosphorylation cause the clinically and genetically heterogeneous diseases known as mitochondrial energy generation disorders, or mitochondrial diseases. Over the last three decades, mutations causing these disorders have been identified in almost 290 genes, but many patients still remain without a molecular diagnosis. Moreover, while our knowledge of the genetic causes is continually expanding, our understanding into how these defects lead to cellular dysfunction and organ pathology is still incomplete. Here, we review recent developments in disease gene discovery, functional characterization, and shared pathogenic parameters influencing disease pathology that offer promising avenues toward the development of effective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann E Frazier
- From the Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, and
| | - David R Thorburn
- From the Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, and.,Victorian Clinical Genetic Services, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Alison G Compton
- From the Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, and
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Weyandt JD, Thompson CB, Giaccia AJ, Rathmell WK. Metabolic Alterations in Cancer and Their Potential as Therapeutic Targets. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY EDUCATIONAL BOOK. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY. ANNUAL MEETING 2017. [PMID: 28561705 DOI: 10.14694/edbk_175561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Otto Warburg's discovery in the 1920s that tumor cells took up more glucose and produced more lactate than normal cells provided the first clues that cancer cells reprogrammed their metabolism. For many years, however, it was unclear as to whether these metabolic alterations were a consequence of tumor growth or an adaptation that provided a survival advantage to these cells. In more recent years, interest in the metabolic differences in cancer cells has surged, as tumor proliferation and survival have been shown to be dependent upon these metabolic changes. In this educational review, we discuss some of the mechanisms that tumor cells use for reprogramming their metabolism to provide the energy and nutrients that they need for quick or sustained proliferation and discuss the potential for therapeutic targeting of these pathways to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie D Weyandt
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Craig B Thompson
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Amato J Giaccia
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - W Kimryn Rathmell
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
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