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Ulhassan Z, Ali S, Gill RA, Mwamba TM, Abid M, Li L, Zhang N, Zhou W. Comparative orchestrating response of four oilseed rape (Brassica napus) cultivars against the selenium stress as revealed by physio-chemical, ultrastructural and molecular profiling. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 161:634-647. [PMID: 29933133 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential micro-element for human and animals. In higher plants, Se essentiality or phyto-toxicity is less explored. Therefore, we aimed to examine the effects of Se (0, 25, 50, and 100 µM) as sodium selenite on the physio-chemical, cell ultra-structural and genomic alterations in hydroponically grown seedlings of four cultivars of B. napus (cvs. Zheda 619, Zheda 622, ZS 758, and ZY 50). Results showed that excessive (100 µM) Se (IV) exhibited significant reduction in plant growth parameters, declined pigment contents, lower water-soluble protein levels, and overproduction of H2O2 and MDA contents. A significant increase in antioxidant enzyme activities and transcript levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR), except catalase (CAT) were noticed in the leaves and roots. Non-enzymatic antioxidants including glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG), except GSSG in roots were enhanced under higher Se (IV) levels. Transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed the ultrastructural damages in leaf mesophyll and root tip cells induced by excessive Se (IV). Less-significant phytotoxic effects were observed in above-mentioned parameters at 50 µM Se (IV). Overall, Se (IV) supplementation at 25 µM displayed marginal beneficial effect by enhancing plant growth, pigment contents, protein levels and restrict H2O2 and MDA overproduction. A marginal increase/decrease in ROS-detoxifying enzymes (except CAT activity) and elevated GSH and GSSG levels were noticed. The accumulation of Se (IV) was much higher in roots as compared to leaves. This accumulation was maximum in Zheda 622 and minimum in ZS 758, followed by Zheda 619 and ZY 50. Overall findings showed that Zheda 622 was the most sensitive and ZS 758 as most tolerant to Se (IV) phyto-toxicity. In addition, Se (IV) was found beneficial until 25 µM Se (IV) but phytotoxic at higher Se levels especially at 100 µM Se (IV).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaid Ulhassan
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Skhawat Ali
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Rafaqat A Gill
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Theodore M Mwamba
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Muhammad Abid
- Department of Statistics, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Lan Li
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Weijun Zhou
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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302
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Pavlović I, Petřík I, Tarkowská D, Lepeduš H, Vujčić Bok V, Radić Brkanac S, Novák O, Salopek-Sondi B. Correlations between Phytohormones and Drought Tolerance in Selected Brassica Crops: Chinese Cabbage, White Cabbage and Kale. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19102866. [PMID: 30241414 PMCID: PMC6213169 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19102866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses affecting the productivity of Brassica crops. To understand the role of phytohormones in drought tolerance, we subjected Chinese cabbage (B. rapa ssp. pekinensis), white cabbage (B. oleracea var. capitata), and kale (B. oleracea var. acephala) to drought and examined the stress response on the physiological, biochemical and hormonal levels. The phytohormones abscisic acid (ABA), auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), brassinosteroids (BRs), cytokinins (CKs), jasmonates (JAs), and salicylic acid (SA) were analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Based on the physiological and biochemical markers the Chinese cabbage exhibited the lowest tolerance, followed by the white cabbage, while the kale appeared to be the most tolerant to drought. The drought tolerance of the kale correlated with increased levels of SA, ABA, IAA, CKs iP(R) and cZ(R), and typhasterol (TY), a precursor of active BRs. In contrast, the drought sensitivity of the Chinese cabbage correlated with a significant increase in ABA, JAs and the active BRs castasterol (CS) and brassinolide (BL). The moderately tolerant white cabbage, positioned between the kale and Chinese cabbage, showed more similarity in terms of the phytohormone patterns with the kale. We concluded that the drought tolerance in Brassicaceae is mostly determined by the increased endogenous levels of IAA, CKs, ABA and SA and the decreased levels of active BRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Pavlović
- Laboratory for Chemical Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.
| | - Ivan Petřík
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science of Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic.
| | - Danuše Tarkowská
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science of Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic.
| | - Hrvoje Lepeduš
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, and Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Lorenza Jägera 9, Osijek 31000, Croatia.
| | - Valerija Vujčić Bok
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.
| | - Sandra Radić Brkanac
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.
| | - Ondřej Novák
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science of Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic.
| | - Branka Salopek-Sondi
- Laboratory for Chemical Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.
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303
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Ahmad P, Abd Allah EF, Alyemeni MN, Wijaya L, Alam P, Bhardwaj R, Siddique KHM. Exogenous application of calcium to 24-epibrassinosteroid pre-treated tomato seedlings mitigates NaCl toxicity by modifying ascorbate-glutathione cycle and secondary metabolites. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13515. [PMID: 30201952 PMCID: PMC6131545 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31917-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study tested the efficacy of 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) and calcium (Ca) for mediating salinity tolerance in tomato. Salinity stress affected the morphological parameters of tomato as well as leaf relative water content (LRWC), photosynthetic and accessory pigments, leaf gas exchange parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence and the uptake of essential macronutrients. The salt (NaCl) treatment induced oxidative stress in the form of increased Na+ ion concentration by 146%, electrolyte leakage (EL) by 61.11%, lipid peroxidation (MDA) 167% and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content by 175%. Salt stress also enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities including those in the ascorbate-glutathione cycle. Plants treated with EBL or Ca after salt exposure mitigated the ill effects of salt stress, including oxidative stress, by reducing the uptake of Na+ ions by 52%. The combined dose of EBL + Ca reversed the salt-induced changes through an elevated pool of enzymes in the ascorbate-glutathione cycle, other antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase), and osmoprotectants (proline, glycine betaine). Exogenously applied EBL and Ca help to optimize mineral nutrient status and enable tomato plants to tolerate salt toxicity. The ability of tomato plants to tolerate salt stress when supplemented with EBL and Ca was attributed to modifications to enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, osmolytes and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvaiz Ahmad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Botany, S.P. College, Srinagar, 190001, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
| | - Elsayed Fathi Abd Allah
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Leonard Wijaya
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pravej Alam
- Biology Department, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, 11942, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Renu Bhardwaj
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture and School of Agriculture & Environment, The University of Western Australia, LB 5005, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia
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304
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Kudapa H, Garg V, Chitikineni A, Varshney RK. The RNA-Seq-based high resolution gene expression atlas of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) reveals dynamic spatio-temporal changes associated with growth and development. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2018; 41:2209-2225. [PMID: 29637575 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Chickpea is one of the world's largest cultivated food legumes and is an excellent source of high-quality protein to the human diet. Plant growth and development are controlled by programmed expression of a suite of genes at the given time, stage, and tissue. Understanding how the underlying genome sequence translates into specific plant phenotypes at key developmental stages, information on gene expression patterns is crucial. Here, we present a comprehensive Cicer arietinum Gene Expression Atlas (CaGEA) across different plant developmental stages and organs covering the entire life cycle of chickpea. One of the widely used drought tolerant cultivars, ICC 4958 has been used to generate RNA-Seq data from 27 samples at 5 major developmental stages of the plant. A total of 816 million raw reads were generated and of these, 794 million filtered reads after quality control (QC) were subjected to downstream analysis. A total of 15,947 unique number of differentially expressed genes across different pairwise tissue combinations were identified. Significant differences in gene expression patterns contributing in the process of flowering, nodulation, and seed and root development were inferred in this study. Furthermore, differentially expressed candidate genes from "QTL-hotspot" region associated with drought stress response in chickpea were validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himabindu Kudapa
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, 502 324, India
| | - Vanika Garg
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, 502 324, India
| | - Annapurna Chitikineni
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, 502 324, India
| | - Rajeev K Varshney
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, 502 324, India
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305
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Cole A, Praeger C, Mannering T, de Nys R, Magnusson M. Hot and bright: Thermal and light environments for the culture of Oedogonium intermedium and the geographical limits for large-scale cultivation in Australia. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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306
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Dogra V, Rochaix JD, Kim C. Singlet oxygen-triggered chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signalling pathways: An emerging perspective. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2018; 41:1727-1738. [PMID: 29749057 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Singlet oxygen (1 O2 ) is a prime cause of photo-damage of the photosynthetic apparatus. The chlorophyll molecules in the photosystem II reaction center and in the light-harvesting antenna complex are major sources of 1 O2 generation. It has been thought that the generation of 1 O2 mainly takes place in the appressed regions of the thylakoid membranes, namely, the grana core, where most of the active photosystem II complexes are localized. Apart from being a toxic molecule, new evidence suggests that 1 O2 significantly contributes to chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signalling that primes acclimation and cell death responses. Interestingly, recent studies reveal that chloroplasts operate two distinct 1 O2 -triggered retrograde signalling pathways in which β-carotene and a nuclear-encoded chloroplast protein EXECUTER1 play essential roles as signalling mediators. The coexistence of these mediators raises several questions: their crosstalk, source(s) of 1 O2 , downstream signalling components, and the perception and reaction mechanism of these mediators towards 1 O2 . In this review, we mainly discuss the molecular genetic basis of the mode of action of these two putative 1 O2 sensors and their corresponding retrograde signalling pathways. In addition, we also propose the possible existence of an alternative source of 1 O2 , which is spatially and functionally separated from the grana core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Dogra
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jean-David Rochaix
- Department of Molecular Biology and Plant Biology, University of Geneva, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Chanhong Kim
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
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307
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Li L, Gu W, Li J, Li C, Xie T, Qu D, Meng Y, Li C, Wei S. Exogenously applied spermidine alleviates photosynthetic inhibition under drought stress in maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings associated with changes in endogenous polyamines and phytohormones. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 129:35-55. [PMID: 29793181 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress (DS) is a major environmental factor limiting plant growth and crop productivity worldwide. It has been established that exogenous spermidine (Spd) stimulates plant tolerance to DS. The effects of exogenous Spd on plant growth, photosynthetic performance, and chloroplast ultrastructure as well as changes in endogenous polyamines (PAs) and phytohormones were investigate in DS-resistant (Xianyu 335) and DS-sensitive (Fenghe 1) maize seedlings under well-watered and DS treatments. Exogenous Spd alleviated the stress-induced reduction in growth, photosynthetic pigment content, photosynthesis rate (Pn) and photochemical quenching (qP) parameters, including the maximum photochemistry efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) (Fv/Fm), PSII operating efficiency (ФPSII), and qP coefficient. Exogenous Spd further enhanced stress-induced elevation in non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) and the de-epoxidation state of the xanthophyll cycle (DEPS). Microscopic analysis revealed that seedlings displayed a more ordered arrangement of chloroplast ultrastructure upon Spd application during DS. Exogenous Spd increased the endogenous PA concentrations in the stressed plants. Additionally, exogenous Spd increased indoleacetic acid (IAA), zeatin riboside (ZR) and gibberellin A3 (GA3) and decreased salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonate (JA) concentrations under DS. These results indicate that exogenous Spd can alleviate the growth inhibition and damage to the structure and function of the photosynthetic apparatus caused by DS and that this alleviation may be associated with changes in endogenous PAs and phytohormones. This study contributes to advances in the knowledge of Spd-induced drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Li
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wanrong Gu
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Congfeng Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 10081, China
| | - Tenglong Xie
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Danyang Qu
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yao Meng
- Heilongjiang Academy of Land Reclamation Sciences, Harbin, 150038, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Caifeng Li
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shi Wei
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.
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308
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Liu S, Yu Z, Song X, Cao X. Physiological and photosynthetic responses of Karenia mikimotoi to the modified clay mitigation method. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 133:491-499. [PMID: 30041342 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Modified clay (MC) removed harmful algae Karenia mikimotoi effectively, and significantly inhibited residual algae growth. Hydrogen peroxides (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents of K. mikimotoi increased significantly after treatment, indicating that MC induced oxidative stress. Moreover, H2O2 content was significantly correlated with cell density, indicating that increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) were likely responsible for the growth inhibition. Further investigation showed that MC caused damage to photosynthesis of residual algae, indicated by decreased maximal photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) and performance index (PIABS). The density of reaction center (RC) decreased, indicating that MC induced partially inactivated RCs, then caused residual activated RCs to be over-excited. The electron transport chain was also blocked, indicated by increased WK and VJ, and decreased Sm. These effects of photosystem II (PSII) were supposed to be the main contributors to ROS over-accumulation during photosynthesis. Overall, treatment with MC is an appropriate method for controlling K. mikimotoi blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuya Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhiming Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Xiuxian Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xihua Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
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309
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Lade SB, Román C, Cueto-Ginzo AI, Serrano L, Sin E, Achón MA, Medina V. Host-specific proteomic and growth analysis of maize and tomato seedlings inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense Sp7. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 129:381-393. [PMID: 29945074 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Azospirillum brasilense Sp7 (Sp7) is a diazotrophic, free-living plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR) that is increasingly used for its ability to reduce stress and improve nutrient uptake by plants. To test the hypothesis that Sp7 interacts differently with the primary metabolism in C3 and C4 plants, differential proteomics were employed to study weekly protein expression in Sp7-treated maize (Zea mays cv. B73) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Boludo) seedlings. Plant and root growth parameters were also monitored. Protein changes were most striking at the four-leaf stage (T1) for both species. Proteins related to metabolism and redox homeostasis were most abundant in tomato at T1, but later, plants experienced inhibited Calvin-Benson (CB) cycle and chloroplast development, indicating that photosynthetic proteins were damaged by reactive oxygen species (ROS). In maize, Sp7 first increased ROS-scavenging enzymes and decreased those related to metabolism, which ultimately reduced photoinhibition at later sampling times. Overall, the early interaction with maize is more complex and beneficial because the photosynthetic aparatus is protected by the C4 mechanism, thereby improving the interaction of the PGPR with maize. Better seedling emergence and vigor were observed in inoculated maize compared to tomato. This study provides an integrated perspective on the Sp7 strain-specific interactions with young C3 and C4 plants to modulate primary metabolism and photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Boyd Lade
- Department of Plant Production and Forestry Science, University of Lleida - Agrotecnio Center, Lleida, Spain.
| | - Carla Román
- Department of Plant Production and Forestry Science, University of Lleida - Agrotecnio Center, Lleida, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Cueto-Ginzo
- Department of Plant Production and Forestry Science, University of Lleida - Agrotecnio Center, Lleida, Spain
| | - Luis Serrano
- Department of Plant Production and Forestry Science, University of Lleida - Agrotecnio Center, Lleida, Spain
| | - Ester Sin
- Department of Plant Production and Forestry Science, University of Lleida - Agrotecnio Center, Lleida, Spain
| | - Maria Angels Achón
- Department of Plant Production and Forestry Science, University of Lleida - Agrotecnio Center, Lleida, Spain
| | - Vicente Medina
- Department of Plant Production and Forestry Science, University of Lleida - Agrotecnio Center, Lleida, Spain
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310
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Li L, Aro EM, Millar AH. Mechanisms of Photodamage and Protein Turnover in Photoinhibition. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 23:667-676. [PMID: 29887276 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Rapid protein degradation and replacement is an important response to photodamage and a means of photoprotection by recovering proteostasis. Protein turnover and translation efficiency studies have discovered fast turnover subunits in cytochrome b6f and the NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (NDH) complex, in addition to PSII subunit D1. Mutations of these complexes have been linked to enhanced photodamage at least partially via cyclic electron flow. Photodamage and photoprotection involving cytochrome b6f, NDH complex, cyclic electron flow, PSI, and nonphotochemical quenching proteins have been reported. Here, we propose that the rapid turnover of specific proteins in cytochrome b6f and the NDH complex need to be characterised and compared with the inhibition of PSII by excess excitation energy and PSI by excess electron flux to expand our understanding of photoinhibition mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, 6009, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Eva-Mari Aro
- Finnish Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology of Primary Producers, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, FI-20014, Turku, Finland
| | - A Harvey Millar
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, 6009, Perth, WA, Australia.
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311
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Unraveling Field Crops Sensitivity to Heat Stress:Mechanisms, Approaches, and Future Prospects. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy8070128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The astonishing increase in temperature presents an alarming threat to crop production worldwide. As evident by huge yield decline in various crops, the escalating drastic impacts of heat stress (HS) are putting global food production as well as nutritional security at high risk. HS is a major abiotic stress that influences plant morphology, physiology, reproduction, and productivity worldwide. The physiological and molecular responses to HS are dynamic research areas, and molecular techniques are being adopted for producing heat tolerant crop plants. In this article, we reviewed recent findings, impacts, adoption, and tolerance at the cellular, organellar, and whole plant level and reported several approaches that are used to improve HS tolerance in crop plants. Omics approaches unravel various mechanisms underlying thermotolerance, which is imperative to understand the processes of molecular responses toward HS. Our review about physiological and molecular mechanisms may enlighten ways to develop thermo-tolerant cultivars and to produce crop plants that are agriculturally important in adverse climatic conditions.
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312
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Labudda M, Różańska E, Czarnocka W, Sobczak M, Dzik JM. Systemic changes in photosynthesis and reactive oxygen species homeostasis in shoots of Arabidopsis thaliana infected with the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2018; 19:1690-1704. [PMID: 29240311 PMCID: PMC6638082 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic efficiency and redox homeostasis are important for plant physiological processes during regular development as well as defence responses. The second-stage juveniles of Heterodera schachtii induce syncytial feeding sites in host roots. To ascertain whether the development of syncytia alters photosynthesis and the metabolism of reactive oxygen species (ROS), chlorophyll a fluorescence measurements and antioxidant responses were studied in Arabidopsis thaliana shoots on the day of inoculation and at 3, 7 and 15 days post-inoculation (dpi). Nematode parasitism caused an accumulation of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide molecules in the shoots of infected plants at 3 dpi, probably as a result of the observed down-regulation of antioxidant enzymes. These changes were accompanied by an increase in RNA and lipid oxidation markers. The activities of antioxidant enzymes were found to be enhanced on infection at 7 and 15 dpi, and the content of anthocyanins was elevated from 3 dpi. The fluorescence parameter Rfd , defining plant vitality and the photosynthetic capacity of leaves, decreased by 11% only at 7 dpi, and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), indicating the effectiveness of photoprotection mechanisms, was about 16% lower at 3 and 7 dpi. As a result of infection, the ultrastructure of chloroplasts was changed (large starch grains and plastoglobules), and more numerous and larger peroxisomes were observed in the mesophyll cells of leaves. We postulate that the joint action of antioxidant enzymes/molecules and photochemical mechanisms leading to the maintenance of photosynthetic efficiency promotes the fine-tuning of the infected plants to oxidative stress induced by parasitic cyst nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Labudda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture and BiologyWarsaw University of Life Sciences‐SGGW02‐776 WarsawPoland
| | - Elżbieta Różańska
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture and BiologyWarsaw University of Life Sciences‐SGGW02‐776 WarsawPoland
| | - Weronika Czarnocka
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture and BiologyWarsaw University of Life Sciences‐SGGW02‐776 WarsawPoland
| | - Mirosław Sobczak
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture and BiologyWarsaw University of Life Sciences‐SGGW02‐776 WarsawPoland
| | - Jolanta Maria Dzik
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture and BiologyWarsaw University of Life Sciences‐SGGW02‐776 WarsawPoland
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313
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Araniti F, Lupini A, Mauceri A, Zumbo A, Sunseri F, Abenavoli MR. The allelochemical trans-cinnamic acid stimulates salicylic acid production and galactose pathway in maize leaves: A potential mechanism of stress tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 128:32-40. [PMID: 29753136 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effects (5 days) of the secondary metabolite trans-cinnamic acid on maize leaves (Zea mays L.), through a physiological and an untargeted metabolomic approach, were evaluated. A reduction in leaf growth and development accompanied by a decrease in protein content was observed in treated seedlings. Besides, trans-cinnamic acid stimulated the photosynthetic machinery with a significant increment in pigment content (chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids), a stimulation of the light adapted PSII efficiency (ɸII) as well as the chlorophyll a fluorescence (YNO), the apparent electron transport rate, and the regulated dissipation of the energy (YNPQ). By contrast, the dark adapted PSII parameter (Fv/Fm) was not affected suggesting that no physical damages to the antenna complex were caused by trans-cinnamic acid. These results suggested that maize seedlings were experiencing a stress but, at the same time, were able to cope with it. This hypothesis was confirmed by both the increment in benzoic and salicylic acids, important molecules involved in stress response, and the metabolomic results, which pointed out that the seedlings are directing their metabolism towards galactose production modulating its pathway, which is pivotal for the production of the antioxidant compound ascorbic acid (ASA). Indeed, in treated plants, a significant increment in total ASA content (28%) was observed. The results suggested that the main strategy adopted by plants to cope with trans-cinnamic-induced stress consisted in the modulation of their metabolism in order to increase the total ASA and carotenoids concentration, radical scavenging species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Araniti
- Dipartimento di AGRARIA, Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, Feo di Vito, I-89124, Reggio Calabria, Italy.
| | - Antonio Lupini
- Dipartimento di AGRARIA, Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, Feo di Vito, I-89124, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Antonio Mauceri
- Dipartimento di AGRARIA, Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, Feo di Vito, I-89124, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Antonino Zumbo
- Dipartimento di AGRARIA, Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, Feo di Vito, I-89124, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Francesco Sunseri
- Dipartimento di AGRARIA, Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, Feo di Vito, I-89124, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Abenavoli
- Dipartimento di AGRARIA, Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, Feo di Vito, I-89124, Reggio Calabria, Italy
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314
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Navarro-León E, Ruiz JM, Graham N, Blasco B. Physiological profile of CAX1a TILLING mutants of Brassica rapa exposed to different calcium doses. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 272:164-172. [PMID: 29807588 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca) is an essential macronutrient for plants and its homeostasis is basic for many processes in plants. Therefore, both Ca deficiency and toxicity constitute potential issues for crops. CAX1 transporter is a potential target to obtain plants with better Ca homeostasis and higher Ca concentration in edible parts. Three Brassica rapa mutants for CAX1 were obtained through TILLING. The objective of this work is to evaluate the growth, physiological state and nutrients concentration of these mutants grown with different Ca doses. The mutants and the parental line were grown under low, control and high Ca doses and parameters related to their oxidative stress, photosynthetic performance and nutrients concentration were determined. BraA.cax1a-4 and BraA.cax1a-7 mutants presented lower total Chl, an altered photosynthesis performance and higher ROS levels. BraA.cax1a-12 mutant grew better under high Ca conditions. All mutants accumulated more Ca and Mg in leaves under control and high Ca doses and accumulated more Fe regardless the Ca dose. The results obtained point to BraA.cax1a-12 as a potential candidate for biofortification with Fe, Ca and Mg since it accumulate higher concentrations of these elements, do not present an altered growth and is able to tolerate higher Ca doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloy Navarro-León
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Juan Manuel Ruiz
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Neil Graham
- Plant and Crop Sciences Division, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK.
| | - Begoña Blasco
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
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315
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Reis GSM, de Almeida AAF, Mangabeira PAO, dos Santos IC, Pirovani CP, Ahnert D. Mechanical stress caused by wind on leaves of Theobroma cacao: Photosynthetic, molecular, antioxidative and ultrastructural responses. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198274. [PMID: 29949591 PMCID: PMC6021058 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Theobroma cacao is cultivated in the shade, in a so-called 'Cabruca' system, in intercropped with Erithryna or other tree species of economic value, and in full sun as a monoculture in irrigated or chemically-irrigated systems. Since it is a species quite intolerant to wind, it is practically impossible to implant cacao crops under full exposure to the sun, or in areas of frequent winds, without the protection of windbreaks, using arboreal species around the area of culture in the form of box. Wind can cause mechanical stimuli in plants, affecting their growth and development. The objective of this work was to evaluate the photosynthetic changes in mature leaves and the molecular, biochemical and ultrastructural changes in young and mature leaves of the CCN 51 cloned genotype of T. cacao subjected to intermittent (IW) and constant (CW) wind, with velocities of 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 m s-1, during 3, 6 and 12 h of exposure. It was verified that CW and IW, considering different exposure times, interfered directly in stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration (E) and water use efficiency (WUE), causing a reduction of the photosynthetic rate (A) in mature leaves. In addition, the pulvinus and blade of young and mature leaves, exposed to IW and CW with different exposure times (3 and 12 h), showed marked macroscopic and microscopic mechanical injuries resulting from the constant leaf movement. At both speeds, there was rupture of the cell nuclear membrane in pulvinus and the mesophyll tissues, mainly in the young leaves. On the other hand, in young and mature leaves exposed to CW and IW at different speeds and exposure times, there was lipid peroxidation, increased activity of guaiacol (GPX) and ascorbate (APX) peroxidases in most treatments; and altered expression of transcripts of psba and psbo genes related to the phothosynthetic apparatus and Cu-Zn-sod and per genes related to antioxidative enzymes at the rate of 4.5 m s-1. Younger leaves were more intolerant to mechanical stress caused by the wind, since presented greater macro and microscopic damages and, consequently, greater molecular, biochemical and ultrastructural changes. High wind speeds can seriously compromise the development of young leaves of T. cacao plants and affect their productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graciele Santos Monteiro Reis
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazaré de Andrade, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Alex-Alan Furtado de Almeida
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazaré de Andrade, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Pedro Antônio Oliveira Mangabeira
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazaré de Andrade, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Ivanildes Conceição dos Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazaré de Andrade, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Carlos Priminho Pirovani
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazaré de Andrade, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Dário Ahnert
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazaré de Andrade, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
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316
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Eldakak M, Das A, Zhuang Y, Rohila JS, Glover K, Yen Y. A Quantitative Proteomics View on the Function of Qfhb1, a Major QTL for Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in Wheat. Pathogens 2018; 7:E58. [PMID: 29932155 PMCID: PMC6161305 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens7030058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a highly detrimental disease of wheat. A quantitative trait locus for FHB resistance, Qfhb1, is the most utilized source of resistance in wheat-breeding programs, but very little is known about its resistance mechanism. In this study, we elucidated a prospective FHB resistance mechanism by investigating the proteomic signatures of Qfhb1 in a pair of contrasting wheat near-isogenic lines (NIL) after 24 h of inoculation of wheat florets by Fusarium graminearum. Statistical comparisons of the abundances of protein spots on the 2D-DIGE gels of contrasting NILs (fhb1+ NIL = Qfhb1 present; fhb1- NIL = Qfhb1 absent) enabled us to select 80 high-ranking differentially accumulated protein (DAP) spots. An additional evaluation confirmed that the DAP spots were specific to the spikelet from fhb1- NIL (50 spots), and fhb1+ NIL (seven spots). The proteomic data also suggest that the absence of Qfhb1 makes the fhb1- NIL vulnerable to Fusarium attack by constitutively impairing several mechanisms including sucrose homeostasis by enhancing starch synthesis from sucrose. In the absence of Qfhb1, Fusarium inoculations severely damaged photosynthetic machinery; altered the metabolism of carbohydrates, nitrogen and phenylpropanoids; disrupted the balance of proton gradients across relevant membranes; disturbed the homeostasis of many important signaling molecules induced the mobility of cellular repair; and reduced translational activities. These changes in the fhb1- NIL led to strong defense responses centered on the hypersensitive response (HSR), resulting in infected cells suicide and the consequent initiation of FHB development. Therefore, the results of this study suggest that Qfhb1 largely functions to either alleviate HSR or to manipulate the host cells to not respond to Fusarium infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustafa Eldakak
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57006, USA.
- Genetics Department, College of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt.
| | - Aayudh Das
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57006, USA.
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.
| | - Yongbin Zhuang
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57006, USA.
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Jai S Rohila
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57006, USA.
- Department of Agronomy, Horticulture, and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57006, USA.
- Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center, Stuttgart, AR 72160, USA.
| | - Karl Glover
- Department of Agronomy, Horticulture, and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57006, USA.
| | - Yang Yen
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57006, USA.
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317
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Gruszka D, Janeczko A, Dziurka M, Pociecha E, Fodor J. Non-enzymatic antioxidant accumulations in BR-deficient and BR-insensitive barley mutants under control and drought conditions. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2018; 163:155-169. [PMID: 29215730 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the most adverse stresses that affect plant growth and yield. Disturbances in metabolic activity resulting from drought cause overproduction of reactive oxygen species. It is postulated that brassinosteroids (BRs) regulate plant tolerance to the stress conditions, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. An involvement of endogenous BRs in regulation of the antioxidant homeostasis is not fully clarified either. Therefore, the aim of this study was to elucidate the role of endogenous BRs in regulation of non-enzymatic antioxidants in barley (Hordeum vulgare) under control and drought conditions. The plant material included the 'Bowman' cultivar and a group of semi-dwarf near-isogenic lines (NILs), representing mutants deficient in BR biosynthesis or signaling. In general, accumulations of 11 compounds representing various types of non-enzymatic antioxidants were analyzed under both conditions. The analyses of accumulations of reduced and oxidized forms of ascorbate indicated that the BR mutants contain significantly higher contents of dehydroascorbic acid under drought conditions when compared with the 'Bowman' cultivar. The analysis of glutathione accumulation indicated that under the control conditions the BR-insensitive NILs contained significantly lower concentrations of this antioxidant when compared with the rest of genotypes. Therefore, we postulate that BR sensitivity is required for normal accumulation of glutathione. A complete accumulation profile of various tocopherols indicated that functional BR biosynthesis and signaling are required for their normal accumulation under both conditions. Results of this study provided an insight into the role of endogenous BRs in regulation of the non-enzymatic antioxidant homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Gruszka
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environment Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Janeczko
- The Franciszek Gorski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Michal Dziurka
- The Franciszek Gorski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Pociecha
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jozsef Fodor
- Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
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318
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Magwanga RO, Lu P, Kirungu JN, Diouf L, Dong Q, Hu Y, Cai X, Xu Y, Hou Y, Zhou Z, Wang X, Wang K, Liu F. GBS Mapping and Analysis of Genes Conserved between Gossypium tomentosum and Gossypium hirsutum Cotton Cultivars that Respond to Drought Stress at the Seedling Stage of the BC₂F₂ Generation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1614. [PMID: 29848989 PMCID: PMC6032168 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cotton production is on the decline due to ever-changing environmental conditions. Drought and salinity stress contribute to over 30% of total loss in cotton production, the situation has worsened more due to the narrow genetic base of the cultivated upland cotton. The genetic diversity of upland cotton has been eroded over the years due to intense selection and inbreeding. To break the bottleneck, the wild cotton progenitors offer unique traits which can be introgressed into the cultivated cotton, thereby improving their performance. In this research, we developed a BC₂F₂ population between wild male parent, G. tomentosum as the donor, known for its high tolerance to drought and the elite female parent, G. hirsutum as the recurrent parent, which is high yielding but sensitive to drought stress. The population was genotyped through the genotyping by sequencing (GBS) method, in which 10,888 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) s were generated and used to construct a genetic map. The map spanned 4191.3 cM, with average marker distance of 0.3849 cM. The map size of the two sub genomes had a narrow range, 2149 cM and 2042.3 cM for At and Dt_sub genomes respectively. A total of 66,434 genes were mined, with 32,032 (48.2%) and 34,402 (51.8%) genes being obtained within the At and Dt_sub genomes respectively. Pkinase (PF00069) was found to be the dominant domain, with 1069 genes. Analysis of the main sub family, serine threonine protein kinases through gene ontology (GO), cis element and miRNA targets analysis revealed that most of the genes were involved in various functions aimed at enhancing abiotic stress tolerance. Further analysis of the RNA sequence data and qRT-PCR validation revealed 16 putative genes, which were highly up regulated under drought stress condition, and were found to be targeted by ghr-miR169a and ghr-miR164, previously associated with NAC(NAM, ATAF1/2 and CUC2) and myeloblastosis (MYB), the top rank drought stress tolerance genes. These genes can be exploited further to aid in development of more drought tolerant cotton genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Odongo Magwanga
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China.
- School of Biological and Physical Sciences (SBPS), Main Campus, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology (JOOUST), Main Campus, P.O. Box 210-40601 Bondo, Kenya.
| | - Pu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China.
| | - Joy Nyangasi Kirungu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China.
| | - Latyr Diouf
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China.
| | - Qi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China.
| | - Yangguang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China.
| | - Yanchao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China.
| | - Yuqing Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China.
| | - Zhongli Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China.
| | - Xingxing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China.
| | - Kunbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China.
| | - Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China.
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319
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Su J, Yang L, Zhu Q, Wu H, He Y, Liu Y, Xu J, Jiang D, Zhang S. Active photosynthetic inhibition mediated by MPK3/MPK6 is critical to effector-triggered immunity. PLoS Biol 2018; 16:e2004122. [PMID: 29723186 PMCID: PMC5953503 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2004122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Extensive research revealed tremendous details about how plants sense pathogen effectors during effector-triggered immunity (ETI). However, less is known about downstream signaling events. In this report, we demonstrate that prolonged activation of MPK3 and MPK6, two Arabidopsis pathogen-responsive mitogen-activated protein kinases (MPKs), is essential to ETI mediated by both coiled coil-nucleotide binding site-leucine rich repeats (CNLs) and toll/interleukin-1 receptor nucleotide binding site-leucine rich repeats (TNLs) types of R proteins. MPK3/MPK6 activation rapidly alters the expression of photosynthesis-related genes and inhibits photosynthesis, which promotes the accumulation of superoxide ( O2•−) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), two major reactive oxygen species (ROS), in chloroplasts under light. In the chemical-genetically rescued mpk3 mpk6 double mutants, ETI-induced photosynthetic inhibition and chloroplastic ROS accumulation are compromised, which correlates with delayed hypersensitive response (HR) cell death and compromised resistance. Furthermore, protection of chloroplasts by expressing a plastid-targeted cyanobacterial flavodoxin (pFLD) delays photosynthetic inhibition and compromises ETI. Collectively, this study highlights a critical role of MPK3/MPK6 in manipulating plant photosynthetic activities to promote ROS accumulation in chloroplasts and HR cell death, which contributes to the robustness of ETI. Furthermore, the dual functionality of MPK3/MPK6 cascade in promoting defense and inhibiting photosynthesis potentially allow it to orchestrate the trade-off between plant growth and defense in plant immunity. Plants follow different strategies to defend themselves against pathogens and activate their immune systems once the pathogens have been detected. One of the responses observed is the inhibition of photosynthesis and the global down-regulation of genes that regulate this process, similar to what is frequently observed in plants under various biotic stress conditions. However, the mechanisms underlying the turning off of the photosynthetic activity and whether this process contributes to plants’ defense against pathogens remain to be determined. In this study, we analyze these mechanisms in Arabidopsis plants and show that prolonged activation of MPK3 and MPK6, two kinases critical for pathogen resistance, results in the inhibition of photosynthesis and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the chloroplasts. We find that this response is similar to that observed during pathogen effector-triggered immunity (ETI). Correspondingly, plants that carry mutant versions of MPK3 and MPK6 result in compromised ETI-induced photosynthetic inhibition and chloroplastic ROS accumulation; thus, these two kinases seem to be essential for ETI. Our results suggest that MPK3/MPK6 activation induces a global down-regulation of photosynthesis along with an up-regulation of defense-related genes, and coordinates the growth and defense trade-off in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbin Su
- Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Division of Biochemistry, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, and Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Liuyi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiankun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongjiao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi He
- Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yidong Liu
- Division of Biochemistry, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, and Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Juan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dean Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuqun Zhang
- Division of Biochemistry, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, and Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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320
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Xia XJ, Fang PP, Guo X, Qian XJ, Zhou J, Shi K, Zhou YH, Yu JQ. Brassinosteroid-mediated apoplastic H 2 O 2 -glutaredoxin 12/14 cascade regulates antioxidant capacity in response to chilling in tomato. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2018; 41:1052-1064. [PMID: 28776692 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) regulate plant development and stress response. Although much has been learned about their roles in plant development, the mechanisms by which BRs regulate plant stress tolerance remain unclear. Chilling is a major stress that adversely affects plant growth. Here, we report that BR positively regulates chilling tolerance in tomato. BR partial deficiency aggravated chilling-induced oxidized protein accumulation, membrane lipid peroxidation, and decrease of maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm). By contrast, overexpression of BR biosynthetic gene Dwarf or treatment with 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) attenuated chilling-induced oxidative damages and resulted in an increase of Fv/Fm. BR increased transcripts of RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOG1 (RBOH1) and GLUTAREDOXIN (GRX) genes, and BR-induced chilling tolerance was associated with an increase in the ratio of reduced/oxidized 2-cysteine peroxiredoxin (2-Cys Prx) and activation of antioxidant enzymes. However, RBOH1-RNAi plants failed to respond to EBR as regards to the induction of GRX genes, activation of antioxidant capacity, and attenuation of chilling-induced oxidative damages. Furthermore, silencing of GRXS12 and S14 compromised EBR-induced increases in the ratio of reduced/oxidized 2-Cys Prx and activities of antioxidant enzymes. Our study suggests that BR enhances chilling tolerance through a signalling cascade involving RBOH1, GRXs, and 2-Cys Prx in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jian Xia
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ping-Ping Fang
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xie Guo
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiang-Jie Qian
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Kai Shi
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yan-Hong Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jing-Quan Yu
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Agricultural Ministry of China, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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321
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Hippler FWR, Dovis VL, Boaretto RM, Quaggio JA, Azevedo RA, Williams LE, Mattos D. Photosynthesis is differently regulated during and after copper-induced nutritional stress in citrus trees. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2018; 163:399-413. [PMID: 29667213 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Antioxidant enzymatic responses in Citrus leaves under Cu-induced stress depends on rootstock genotypes. However, there is a lack of information about how woody plants recover growth capacity after exposure to elevated Cu and whether growth is affected by the redistribution of the metal to new vegetative parts and consequently whether photosynthesis is affected. Therefore, the biomass of plants and Cu concentrations in new leaf flushes were determined in young citrus trees grafted onto contrasting rootstocks [Swingle citrumelo (SW) and Rangpur lime (RL)]. Photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll fluorescence and antioxidant enzymatic systems were evaluated in plants previously grown in nutrient solution with Cu varying from low to high levels and with no added Cu. Both rootstocks exhibited reduced plant growth under Cu toxicity. However, trees grafted onto RL exhibited better growth recovery after Cu excess, which was dependent on the modulation of antioxidant enzyme activities in roots and leaves that maintained the integrity of the photosynthetic apparatus. In contrast, plants grafted onto SW exhibited a lower photosynthetic rate at the lowest available Cu concentration. Although the highest accumulation of Cu occurred in citrus roots, the redistribution of the nutrient to new vegetative parts was proportional to the Cu concentration in the roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz W R Hippler
- Centro de Citricultura Sylvio Moreira, Instituto Agronômico, Rod. Anhanguera, km 158, CP 04, CEP, 13490-970, Cordeirópolis, SP, Brazil
- Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, CP 9, Universidade de São Paulo, 13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Veronica L Dovis
- Centro de Citricultura Sylvio Moreira, Instituto Agronômico, Rod. Anhanguera, km 158, CP 04, CEP, 13490-970, Cordeirópolis, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo M Boaretto
- Centro de Citricultura Sylvio Moreira, Instituto Agronômico, Rod. Anhanguera, km 158, CP 04, CEP, 13490-970, Cordeirópolis, SP, Brazil
| | - Jose A Quaggio
- Centro de Solos e Recursos Ambientais, Instituto Agronômico, Av. Barão de Itapura, 1481, CP 28, CEP, 13020-902, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo A Azevedo
- Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, CP 9, Universidade de São Paulo, 13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Lorraine E Williams
- Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Life Sciences Building 85, Highfield Campus, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Dirceu Mattos
- Centro de Citricultura Sylvio Moreira, Instituto Agronômico, Rod. Anhanguera, km 158, CP 04, CEP, 13490-970, Cordeirópolis, SP, Brazil
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322
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Straka L, Rittmann BE. Light-dependent kinetic model for microalgae experiencing photoacclimation, photodamage, and photodamage repair. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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323
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Housset JM, Nadeau S, Isabel N, Depardieu C, Duchesne I, Lenz P, Girardin MP. Tree rings provide a new class of phenotypes for genetic associations that foster insights into adaptation of conifers to climate change. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2018; 218:630-645. [PMID: 29314017 PMCID: PMC6079641 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Local adaptation in tree species has been documented through a long history of common garden experiments where functional traits (height, bud phenology) are used as proxies for fitness. However, the ability to identify genes or genomic regions related to adaptation to climate requires the evaluation of traits that precisely reflect how and when climate exerts selective constraints. We combine dendroecology with association genetics to establish a link between genotypes, phenotypes and interannual climatic fluctuations. We illustrate this approach by examining individual tree responses embedded in the annual rings of 233 Pinus strobus trees growing in a common garden experiment representing 38 populations from the majority of its range. We found that interannual variability in growth was affected by low temperatures during spring and autumn, and by summer heat and drought. Among-population variation in climatic sensitivity was significantly correlated with the mean annual temperature of the provenance, suggesting local adaptation. Genotype-phenotype associations using these new tree-ring phenotypes validated nine candidate genes identified in a previous genetic-environment association study. Combining dendroecology with association genetics allowed us to assess tree vulnerability to past climate at fine temporal scales and provides avenues for future genomic studies on functional adaptation in forest trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann M. Housset
- Natural Resources CanadaCanadian Forest ServiceLaurentian Forestry Centre1055 du P.E.P.S, PO Box 10380, Stn. Sainte‐FoyQuébecQCG1V 4C7Canada
- Natural Resources CanadaCanadian Wood Fibre Centre1055 du P.E.P.S, PO Box 10380, Stn. Sainte‐FoyQuébecQCG1V 4C7Canada
- Centre d’étude de la forêtUniversité du Québec à MontréalC.P. 8888, succ. Centre‐villeMontréalQCH3C 3P8Canada
| | - Simon Nadeau
- Natural Resources CanadaCanadian Forest ServiceLaurentian Forestry Centre1055 du P.E.P.S, PO Box 10380, Stn. Sainte‐FoyQuébecQCG1V 4C7Canada
- Natural Resources CanadaCanadian Wood Fibre Centre1055 du P.E.P.S, PO Box 10380, Stn. Sainte‐FoyQuébecQCG1V 4C7Canada
| | - Nathalie Isabel
- Natural Resources CanadaCanadian Forest ServiceLaurentian Forestry Centre1055 du P.E.P.S, PO Box 10380, Stn. Sainte‐FoyQuébecQCG1V 4C7Canada
- Chaire de Recherche du Canada en Génomique ForestièreFaculté de Foresteriede Géographie et de GéomatiqueUniversité LavalQuébecQCG1V 0A6Canada
| | - Claire Depardieu
- Natural Resources CanadaCanadian Forest ServiceLaurentian Forestry Centre1055 du P.E.P.S, PO Box 10380, Stn. Sainte‐FoyQuébecQCG1V 4C7Canada
- Chaire de Recherche du Canada en Génomique ForestièreFaculté de Foresteriede Géographie et de GéomatiqueUniversité LavalQuébecQCG1V 0A6Canada
| | - Isabelle Duchesne
- Natural Resources CanadaCanadian Wood Fibre Centre1055 du P.E.P.S, PO Box 10380, Stn. Sainte‐FoyQuébecQCG1V 4C7Canada
| | - Patrick Lenz
- Natural Resources CanadaCanadian Wood Fibre Centre1055 du P.E.P.S, PO Box 10380, Stn. Sainte‐FoyQuébecQCG1V 4C7Canada
- Chaire de Recherche du Canada en Génomique ForestièreFaculté de Foresteriede Géographie et de GéomatiqueUniversité LavalQuébecQCG1V 0A6Canada
| | - Martin P. Girardin
- Natural Resources CanadaCanadian Forest ServiceLaurentian Forestry Centre1055 du P.E.P.S, PO Box 10380, Stn. Sainte‐FoyQuébecQCG1V 4C7Canada
- Centre d’étude de la forêtUniversité du Québec à MontréalC.P. 8888, succ. Centre‐villeMontréalQCH3C 3P8Canada
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324
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Alam MN, Zhang L, Yang L, Islam MR, Liu Y, Luo H, Yang P, Wang Q, Chan Z. Transcriptomic profiling of tall fescue in response to heat stress and improved thermotolerance by melatonin and 24-epibrassinolide. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:224. [PMID: 29587632 PMCID: PMC5870388 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-4588-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tall fescue is a widely used cool season turfgrass and relatively sensitive to high temperature. Chemical compounds like melatonin (MT) and 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) have been reported to improve plant heat stress tolerance effectively. Results In this study, we reported that MT and EBL pretreated tall fescue seedlings showed decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS), electrolyte leakage (EL) and malondialdehide (MDA), but increased chlorophyll (Chl), total protein and antioxidant enzyme activities under heat stress condition, resulting in improved plant growth. Transcriptomic profiling analysis showed that 4311 and 8395 unigenes were significantly changed after 2 h and 12 h of heat treatments, respectively. Among them, genes involved in heat stress responses, DNA, RNA and protein degradation, redox, energy metabolisms, and hormone metabolism pathways were highly induced after heat stress. Genes including FaHSFA3, FaAWPM and FaCYTC2 were significantly upregulated by both MT and EBL treatments, indicating that these genes might function as the putative target genes of MT and EBL. Conclusions These findings indicated that heat stress caused extensively transcriptomic reprogramming of tall fescue and exogenous application of MT and EBL effectively improved thermotolerance in tall fescue. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-4588-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Nur Alam
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden/Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China.,Agronomy Division, Wheat Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh
| | - Lihua Zhang
- Institute for Advanced Studies and College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden/Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Md Rabiul Islam
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden/Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Poultry and Veterinarian, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, Hubei, 430209, China
| | - Hong Luo
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, USA
| | - Pingfang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden/Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Qingfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden/Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China.
| | - Zhulong Chan
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China. .,Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables of Hubei Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, Hubei, 432000, China.
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325
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Salehi H, Chehregani A, Lucini L, Majd A, Gholami M. Morphological, proteomic and metabolomic insight into the effect of cerium dioxide nanoparticles to Phaseolus vulgaris L. under soil or foliar application. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 616-617:1540-1551. [PMID: 29066204 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Chemically synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used in industry and concern over their impact on the environment is rising. In this study, greenhouse grown bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants were treated with CeO2 NPs suspensions at 0, 250, 500, 1000, and 2000mgL-1 either aerially by spraying or via soil application. At 15days after treatment, plants were analyzed for Ce uptake, morphological and biochemical assays, as well as high-resolution mass spectrometry based metabolomics and proteomics. The results from ICP-MS assays showed a dose dependent absorption, uptake and translocation of Ce through both roots and leaves; Ce content increased from 0.68 up to 1894mgkg-1 following spray application, while concentrations were three orders lower following soil application (0.59 to 2.19mgkg-1). Electrolyte leakage increased with NPs rate, from 25.2% to 70.3% and from 24.8% to 32.9% following spray and soil application, respectively. Spraying lowered stomatal density (from 337 to 113 per mm2) and increased stomatal length (from 12.8 to 19.4μm), and altered photosynthesis and electron transport chain biochemical machinery. The increase in Ce content induced accumulation of osmolites (proline increased from 0.54 to 0.65mg/g under spray application), phytosiderophores (muconate and mugineate compounds showed increase fold-changes >16) and proteins involved in folding or turnover. NPs application induced membrane damage, as evidenced by the increase in membrane lipids degradates and by the increase in electrolyte leakage, and caused oxidative stress. Most of the responses were not linear but dose-dependent, whereas metabolic disruption is expected at the highest NPs dosage. Both proteomics and metabolomics highlighted a stronger effect of CeO2 NPs spraying, as compared to soil application. High concentrations of NPs in the environment have been confirmed to pose toxicity concern towards plants, although important differences could be highlighted between aerial deposition and soil contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Salehi
- Laboratory of Plant Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Abdolkarim Chehregani
- Laboratory of Plant Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy.
| | - Ahmad Majd
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Tehran-North Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansour Gholami
- Department of Agricultural, Faculty of Horticulture, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
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326
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Ma X, Chen C, Yang M, Dong X, Lv W, Meng Q. Cold-regulated protein (SlCOR413IM1) confers chilling stress tolerance in tomato plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 124:29-39. [PMID: 29331923 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Chilling stress severely affects the growth, development and productivity of crops. Chloroplast, a photosynthesis site, is extremely sensitive to chilling stress. In this study, the functions of a gene encoding a cold-regulated protein (SlCOR413IM1) under chilling stress were investigated using sense and antisense transgenic tomatoes. Under chilling stress, SlCOR413IM1 expression was rapidly induced and the sense lines exhibited better growth state of seedlings and grown tomato plants. Overexpression of SlCOR413IM1 alleviated chilling-induced damage to the chloroplast membrane and structure, whereas suppression of SlCOR413IM1 aggravated the damage to chloroplast. Moreover, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) (Fv/Fm), actual photochemical efficiency of PSII (ΦPSII) and the activities of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and stromal fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase (sFBPase) were higher in the sense lines than those in the antisense lines. Hence, the inhibition of photosynthetic capacity was less severe in the sense lines but more severe in the antisense lines compared with that in wild-type (WT) plants. Taken together, overexpression of SlCOR413IM1 enhanced the chilling stress tolerance, whereas suppression of this gene increased the chilling sensitivity of tomato plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocui Ma
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Chong Chen
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Minmin Yang
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Xinchun Dong
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Wei Lv
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China.
| | - Qingwei Meng
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China.
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327
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Wang Y, Reiter RJ, Chan Z. Phytomelatonin: a universal abiotic stress regulator. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:963-974. [PMID: 29281056 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin, a derivative of tryptophan, was first detected in plant species in 1995 and it has been shown to be a diverse regulator during plant growth and development, and in stress responses. Recently, great progress has been made towards determining the detailed functions of melatonin in plant responses to abiotic stress. Melatonin priming improves plant tolerance to cold, heat, salt, and drought stresses through regulation of genes involved in the DREB/CBF, HSF, SOS, and ABA pathways, respectively. As a scavenger of free radicals, melatonin also directly detoxifies reactive oxygen species, thus alleviating membrane oxidation. Abiotic stress-inhibited photosynthesis is partially recovered and metabolites accumulate in the presence of melatonin, leading to improved plant growth, delayed leaf senescence, and increased stress tolerance. In this review, we summarize the interactions of melatonin with phytohormones to regulate downstream gene expression, protein stabilization, and epigenetic modification in plants. Finally, we consider the need for, and approaches to, the identification of melatonin receptors and components during signaling transduction pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, USA
| | - Zhulong Chan
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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328
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Soliman MH, Alayafi AAM, El Kelish AA, Abu-Elsaoud AM. Acetylsalicylic acid enhance tolerance of Phaseolus vulgaris L. to chilling stress, improving photosynthesis, antioxidants and expression of cold stress responsive genes. BOTANICAL STUDIES 2018; 59:6. [PMID: 29450670 PMCID: PMC5814394 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-018-0222-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High and low temperatures constitute the most damaging type of abiotic stress and limit the survival, and productivity of plants. The present study aimed to evaluate the role of exogenous applications of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) in reducing the deleterious effects of cold stress. Phaseolus vulgaris L. seedlings were treated with foliar-sprayed ASA at concentrations of 0-3 mM and then subjected to chilling stress at 4 °C for 2 or 4 days. RESULTS Growth, photosynthesis, biochemical alterations, oxidative damage and antioxidant enzyme activities as well as the expression of cold-responsive genes (CBF3-COR47), were monitored during the experiment. ASA applications substantially improved several growth and photosynthetic parameters, including shoot biomass, dry weight, and photosynthetic pigments, of P. vulgaris seedlings exposed to different durations of chilling stresses. The ASA foliar spray treatments significantly (p < 0.05) rescued the growth and photosynthetic pigments of P. vulgaris seedlings under different chilling stresses. The total soluble sugars markedly increased during 0-4 days of chilling stress following ASA foliar spraying. The exogenous application of ASA significantly (p < 0.05) increased the accumulation of proline in P. vulgaris seedlings under chilling stress. At the gene expression level, ASA significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated the cold-responsive genes CBF3 and COR47. CONCLUSIONS As a result, we speculate that, the application of exogenous ASA alleviated the adverse effects of chilling stress on all measured parameters, and 1 and 2 mM ASA exhibited the greatest effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona H. Soliman
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Sharm, Yanbu El-Bahr, 46429 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, 12613 Giza, Egypt
| | - Aisha A. M. Alayafi
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr A. El Kelish
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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329
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Sun X, Wang P, Jia X, Huo L, Che R, Ma F. Improvement of drought tolerance by overexpressing MdATG18a is mediated by modified antioxidant system and activated autophagy in transgenic apple. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2018; 16:545-557. [PMID: 28703378 PMCID: PMC5787838 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a major and conserved pathway for delivering and recycling unwanted proteins or damaged organelles to be degraded in the vacuoles. AuTophaGy-related (ATG) protein 18a has been established as one of the essential components for autophagy occurrence in Arabidopsis thaliana. We previously cloned the ATG18a homolog from Malus domestica (MdATG18a) and monitored its responsiveness to various abiotic stresses at the transcriptional level. However, it is still unclear what its function is under abiotic stress in apple. Here, we found that heterologous expression of MdATG18a in tomato plants markedly enhanced their tolerance to drought. Overexpression (OE) of that gene in apple plants improved their drought tolerance as well. Under drought conditions, the photosynthesis rate and antioxidant capacity were significantly elevated in OE lines when compared with the untransformed wild type (WT). Transcript levels of other important apple ATG genes were more strongly up-regulated in transgenic MdATG18a OE lines than in the WT. The percentage of insoluble protein in proportion to total protein was lower and less oxidized protein accumulated in the OE lines than in the WT under drought stress. This was probably due to more autophagosomes being formed in the former. These results demonstrate that overexpression of MdATG18a in apple plants enhances their tolerance to drought stress, probably because of greater autophagosome production and a higher frequency of autophagy. Those processes help degrade protein aggregation and limit the oxidation damage, thereby suggesting that autophagy plays important roles in the drought response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell BiologyIowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA
| | - Xin Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Liuqing Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Runmin Che
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
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330
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Szalai G, Majláth I, Pál M, Gondor OK, Rudnóy S, Oláh C, Vanková R, Kalapos B, Janda T. Janus-Faced Nature of Light in the Cold Acclimation Processes of Maize. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:850. [PMID: 29971088 PMCID: PMC6018404 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of plants to low temperature in the light may induce photoinhibitory stress symptoms, including oxidative damage. However, it is also known that light is a critical factor for the development of frost hardiness in cold tolerant plants. In the present work the effects of light during the cold acclimation period were studied in chilling-sensitive maize plants. Before exposure to chilling temperature at 5°C, plants were cold acclimated at non-lethal temperature (15°C) under different light conditions. Although exposure to relatively high light intensities during cold acclimation caused various stress symptoms, it also enhanced the effectiveness of acclimation processes to a subsequent severe cold stress. It seems that the photoinhibition induced by low temperature is a necessary evil for cold acclimation processes in plants. Greater accumulations of soluble sugars were also detected during hardening at relatively high light intensity. Certain stress responses were light-dependent not only in the leaves, but also in the roots. The comparison of the gene expression profiles based on a microarray study demonstrated that the light intensity is at least as important a factor as the temperature during the cold acclimation period. Differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in most of assimilation and metabolic pathways, namely photosynthetic light capture via the modification of chlorophyll biosynthesis and the dark reactions, carboxylic acid metabolism, cellular amino acid, porphyrin or glutathione metabolic processes, ribosome biogenesis and translation. Results revealed complex regulation mechanisms and interactions between cold and light signalling processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Szalai
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Plant Physiology Department, Agricultural Institute, MTA, Martonvásár, Hungary
- *Correspondence: Gabriella Szalai
| | - Imre Majláth
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Plant Physiology Department, Agricultural Institute, MTA, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Magda Pál
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Plant Physiology Department, Agricultural Institute, MTA, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Orsoly K. Gondor
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Plant Physiology Department, Agricultural Institute, MTA, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Rudnóy
- Department of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csilla Oláh
- Department of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Radomíra Vanková
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Balázs Kalapos
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Plant Physiology Department, Agricultural Institute, MTA, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Tibor Janda
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Plant Physiology Department, Agricultural Institute, MTA, Martonvásár, Hungary
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Physiological and transcriptomic analyses of a yellow-green mutant with high photosynthetic efficiency in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Funct Integr Genomics 2017; 18:175-194. [DOI: 10.1007/s10142-017-0583-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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332
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Faseela P, Puthur JT. The imprints of the high light and UV-B stresses in Oryza sativa L. 'Kanchana' seedlings are differentially modulated. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 178:551-559. [PMID: 29253814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
High light and ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B) are generally considered to have negative impact on photosynthesis and plant growth. The present study evaluates the tolerance potential of three cultivars of Oryza sativa L. (Kanchana, Mattatriveni and Harsha) seedlings towards high light and UV-B stress on the basis of photosynthetic pigment degradation, chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters and rate of lipid peroxidation, expressed by malondialdehyde content. Surprisingly, it was revealed that Kanchana was the most sensitive cultivar towards high light and at the same time it was the most tolerant cultivar towards UV-B stress. This contrasting feature of Kanchana towards high light and UV-B tolerance was further studied by analyzing photosystem (PS) I and II activity, mitochondrial activity, chlorophyll a fluorescence transient, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense system. Due to the occurrence of more PS I and PSII damages, the inhibition of photochemical efficiency and emission of dissipated energy as heat or fluorescence per PSII reaction center was higher upon high light exposure than UV-B treatments in rice seedlings of Kanchana. The mitochondrial activity was also found to be drastically altered upon high light as compared to UV-B treatments. The UV-B induced accumulation of non-enzymatic antioxidants (proline, total phenolics, sugar and ascorbate) and enzymatic antioxidants (ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase) in rice seedlings than those subjected to high light exposure afforded more efficient protection against UV-B radiation in rice seedlings. Our results proved that high tolerance of Kanchana towards UV-B than high light treatments, correlated linearly with the protected photosynthetic and mitochondrial machinery which was provided by upregulation of antioxidants particularly by total phenolics, ascorbate and ascorbate peroxidase in rice seedlings. Data presented in this study conclusively proved that rice cultivar Kanchana respond to different environmental signals independently and tolerance mechanisms to individual stress factors was also varied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parammal Faseela
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Malappuram, Kerala 673635, India
| | - Jos T Puthur
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Malappuram, Kerala 673635, India.
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333
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Liu S, Yu Z, Song X, Cao X. Effects of modified clay on the physiological and photosynthetic activities of Amphidinium carterae Hulburt. HARMFUL ALGAE 2017; 70:64-72. [PMID: 29169569 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Among the strategies for treating harmful algal blooms, flocculation using modified clay (MC) has been widely applied in the field. This paper studied the mitigation of MC on Amphidinium carterae Hulburt, finding that MC could not only effectively remove A. carterae, but also affect the physiological activities of the residual algae and inhibit their normal growth. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content of the residual algae significantly increased compared with the control, indicating that MC stimulated the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in algal cells. In addition, the cell density was significantly correlated with the SOD activity, CAT activity and MDA content in the experiment groups, suggesting that intracellular ROS might be the main internal factor inhibiting cell growth. To reveal the mechanism of ROS generation, this paper further evaluated the effect of MC on photosynthesis in the residual microalgae, and found that compared with the control the absorption flux per photosystem II (PSII) reaction center (ABS/RC), the trapping flux per RC (TR0/RC) and the electron transport flux per RC (ET0/RC) increased, while the TR0/ABS and ET0/ABS decreased after adding 0.10g/L and 0.25g/L MC. These findings indicate that the MC led to an imbalance between photosynthetic light absorption and energy utilization and that the partial RCs became non-primary quinone electron acceptor (QA)-RCs, further inducing the over-excitation of the active RCs. And MC caused the suppression of the electron transport chain (ETC): the ETC from the QA to the secondary quinone electron acceptor (QB) was blocked and the size of plastoquinone pool decreased, which could induce the over-reduction of PSII. The over-excitation of PSII and the damaged ETC likely induce the generation of ROS during photosynthesis. Thus, MC likely induced the accumulation of intracellular ROS due to photosynthesis inhibition, consequently hindering the growth of the residual algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuya Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhiming Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Xiuxian Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xihua Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
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334
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Zheng G, Li W. Profiling membrane glycerolipids during γ-ray-induced membrane injury. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 17:203. [PMID: 29141586 PMCID: PMC5688707 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-017-1153-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND γ-rays are high-energy radiation that cause a range of random injuries to plant cells. Most studies on this issue have focused on γ-ray-induced nucleotide damage and the production of reactive oxygen species in cells, so little is known about the glycerolipid metabolism during γ-rays induced membrane injury. Using an ESI-MS/MS-based lipidomic method, we analysed the lipidome changes in wild-type and phospholipase D (PLD)δ- and α1-deficient Arabidopsis after γ-ray treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of PLD-mediated glycerolipid metabolism in γ-ray-induced membrane injury. RESULTS The ion leakage of Arabidopsis leaves after 2885-Gy γ-ray treatment was less than 10%. High does γ-ray treatment could induce the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Inhibition of PLDα1 caused severe lipid degradation under γ-ray treatment. γ-ray-induced glycerolipid degradation mostly happened in chloroplastidic lipids, rather than extraplastidic ones. The levels of lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC) and lysophosphatidylethanolamine (lysoPE) were maintained in the WS ecotypes during γ-ray treatments, while increased significantly in the Col ecotype treated with 1100 Gy. After 210- and 1100-Gy γ-ray treatments, the level of lysophosphatidylglycerol (lysoPG) decreased significantly in the four genotypes of Arabidopsis. CONCLUSIONS γ-ray-induced membrane injury may occur via an indirect mechanism. The degradation of distinct lipids is not synchronous, and that interconversions among lipids can occur. During γ-ray-induced membrane injury, the degradation of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) may be mediated by PLDζ1 or phospholipase A1. The degradation of phosphatidylglycerol was not mediated by PLA, PLDδ or PLDα1, but by phospholipase C or other PLDs. γ-rays can decrease the double-bond index and increase the acyl chain length in membrane lipids, which may make membranes more rigid and further cause injury in membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201 People’s Republic of China
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201 People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiqi Li
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201 People’s Republic of China
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201 People’s Republic of China
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335
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Kaur R, Yadav P, Sharma A, Kumar Thukral A, Kumar V, Kaur Kohli S, Bhardwaj R. Castasterone and citric acid treatment restores photosynthetic attributes in Brassica juncea L. under Cd(II) toxicity. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 145:466-475. [PMID: 28780445 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.07.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Revised: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium(II) toxicity is a serious environmental issue warranting effective measures for its mitigation. In the present study, ameliorative effects of a bioactive brassinosteroid, castasterone (CS) and low molecular weight organic acid, citric acid (CA) against the Cd(II) toxicity to Brassica juncea L. were evaluated. Seeds of B. juncea treated with CS (0, 0.01, 1 and 100nM) were sown in cadmium spiked soils (0 and 0.6mmolkg-1 soil). CA (0.6mmolkg-1soil) was added to soil one week after sowing seeds. Plants were harvested 30 days after sowing. Phytotoxicity induced by Cd(II) was evident from stunted growth of the plants, malondialdehyde accumulation, reduction in chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, and leaf gas exchange parameters. Cd(II) toxicity was effectively alleviated by seed soaking with CS (100nM) and/ or soil amendment with CA (0.6mMkg-1 soil). Relative gene expression of genes encoding for some of the key enzymes of pigment metabolism were also analysed. Expression of chlorophyllase (CHLASE) was reduced, while that of phytoene synthase (PSY), and chalcone synthase (CHS) genes were enhanced with CS and/or CA treatments with respect to plants treated with Cd(II) only. Cd also affected the activities of antioxidative enzymes. Plants responded to Cd(II) by accumulation of total sugars. CS (100nM) and CA treatments further enhanced the activities of these parameters and induced the contents of secondary plant pigments (flavonoids and anthocyanins) and proline. The results imply that seed treatment with CS and soil application with CA can effectively alleviate Cd(II) induced toxicity in B. juncea by strengthening its antioxidative defence system and enhancing compatible solute accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravdeep Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Poonam Yadav
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Anket Sharma
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India; Department of Botany, DAV University, Sarmastpur, Jalandhar 144012, Punjab, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar Thukral
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India; Department of Botany, DAV University, Sarmastpur, Jalandhar 144012, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhmeen Kaur Kohli
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Renu Bhardwaj
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India.
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336
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Wang X, Xu C, Cai X, Wang Q, Dai S. Heat-Responsive Photosynthetic and Signaling Pathways in Plants: Insight from Proteomics. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2191. [PMID: 29053587 PMCID: PMC5666872 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat stress is a major abiotic stress posing a serious threat to plants. Heat-responsive mechanisms in plants are complicated and fine-tuned. Heat signaling transduction and photosynthesis are highly sensitive. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the molecular mechanism in heat stressed-signaling transduction and photosynthesis is necessary to protect crop yield. Current high-throughput proteomics investigations provide more useful information for underlying heat-responsive signaling pathways and photosynthesis modulation in plants. Several signaling components, such as guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-binding protein, nucleoside diphosphate kinase, annexin, and brassinosteroid-insensitive I-kinase domain interacting protein 114, were proposed to be important in heat signaling transduction. Moreover, diverse protein patterns of photosynthetic proteins imply that the modulations of stomatal CO₂ exchange, photosystem II, Calvin cycle, ATP synthesis, and chlorophyll biosynthesis are crucial for plant heat tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Chenxi Xu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Cai
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Quanhua Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Shaojun Dai
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
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337
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Pereira de Araújo R, Furtado de Almeida AA, Silva Pereira L, Mangabeira PAO, Olimpio Souza J, Pirovani CP, Ahnert D, Baligar VC. Photosynthetic, antioxidative, molecular and ultrastructural responses of young cacao plants to Cd toxicity in the soil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 144:148-157. [PMID: 28614756 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic metal for plants, even at low concentrations in the soil. The annual production of world cocoa beans is approximately 4 million tons. Most of these fermented and dried beans are used in the manufacture of chocolate. Recent work has shown that the concentration of Cd in these beans has exceeded the critical level (0.6mgkg-1 DM). The objective of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of Cd in young plants of CCN 51 cacao genotype grown in soil with different concentrations of Cd (0, 0.05 and 0.1gkg-1 soil) through photosynthetic, antioxidative, molecular and ultrastructural changes. The increase of Cd concentration in the soil altered mineral nutrient absorption by competition or synergism, changed photosynthetic activity caused by reduction in chloroplastidic pigment content and damage to the photosynthetic machinery evidenced by the Fv/Fm ratio and expression of the psbA gene and increased GPX activity in the root and SOD in leaves. Additionally, ultrastructural alterations in roots and leaves were also evidenced with the increase of the concentration of Cd in the soil, whose toxicity caused rupture of biomembranes in root and leaf cells, reduction of the number of starch grains in foliar cells, increase of plastoglobules in chloroplasts and presence of multivesiculated bodies in root cells. It was concluded, therefore, that soil Cd toxicity caused damage to the photosynthetic machinery, antioxidative metabolism, gene expression and irreversible damage to root cells ultrastructure of CCN 51 cocoa plants, whose damage intensity depended on the exposure time to the metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romária Pereira de Araújo
- State University of Santa Cruz, Department of biological sciences, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil; Instituto Federal Baiano, Campus Santa Inês, BR 420 (Rodovia Santa Inês - Ubaíra), Zona Rural, Bahia CEP: 45320-000, Brazil.
| | - Alex-Alan Furtado de Almeida
- State University of Santa Cruz, Department of biological sciences, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil.
| | - Lidiane Silva Pereira
- State University of Santa Cruz, Department of biological sciences, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Pedro A O Mangabeira
- State University of Santa Cruz, Department of biological sciences, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - José Olimpio Souza
- State University of Santa Cruz, Department of biological sciences, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Carlos P Pirovani
- State University of Santa Cruz, Department of biological sciences, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Dário Ahnert
- State University of Santa Cruz, Department of biological sciences, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Virupax C Baligar
- USDA-ARS-Beltsville Agricultural Research Center Beltsville, MD, USA
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338
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Abdel Latef AAH, Srivastava AK, Saber H, Alwaleed EA, Tran LSP. Sargassum muticum and Jania rubens regulate amino acid metabolism to improve growth and alleviate salinity in chickpea. Sci Rep 2017. [PMID: 28874670 DOI: 10.1007/s00344-018-9906-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluates the potential of Sar gassum muticum (Sar) and Jan ia rubens (Jan) seaweeds for enhancing growth and mitigating soil-salinity in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Under control conditions, Sar and Jan extracts improved chickpea growth which was attributed to their potential for increasing photosynthetic pigments, K+ and amino acids, particularly proline, in comparison with water-sprayed control. Upon stress imposition, chickpea growth was reduced in NaCl concentration-dependent manner, and principal component analysis (PCA) revealed Na+ accumulation and oxidative damage as major determinants of sensitivity at high salinity. Furthermore, amino acid quantification indicated activation/deactivation of overall metabolism in roots/shoots, as an adaptive strategy, for maintaining plant growth under salt stress. Sar and Jan extract supplementations provided stress amelioration, and PCA confirmed that improved growth parameters at high salinity were associated with enhanced activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase. Besides, four key amino acids, including serine, threonine, proline and aspartic acids, were identified from roots which maximally contribute to Sar- and Jan-mediated stress amelioration. Sar showed higher effectiveness than Jan under both control and salt stress conditions. Our findings highlight "bio-stimulant" properties of two seaweeds and provide mechanistic insight into their salt-ameliorating action which is relevant for both basic and applied research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arafat Abdel Hamed Abdel Latef
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, 83523, Qena, Egypt.
- Biology Department, College of Applied Medical Science, Turabah Branch 21955, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ashish Kumar Srivastava
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Hani Saber
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, 83523, Qena, Egypt
| | - Eman A Alwaleed
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, 83523, Qena, Egypt
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Da Nang, Vietnam.
- Signaling Pathway Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan.
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339
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Abdelrahman M, El-Sayed M, Jogaiah S, Burritt DJ, Tran LSP. The "STAY-GREEN" trait and phytohormone signaling networks in plants under heat stress. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2017; 36:1009-1025. [PMID: 28484792 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-017-2119-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The increasing demand for food and the heavy yield losses in primary crops due to global warming mean that there is an urgent need to improve food security. Therefore, understanding how plants respond to heat stress and its consequences, such as drought and increased soil salinity, has received much attention in plant science community. Plants exhibit stress tolerance, escape or avoidance via adaptation and acclimatization mechanisms. These mechanisms rely on a high degree of plasticity in their cellular metabolism, in which phytohormones play an important role. "STAY-GREEN" is a crucial trait for genetic improvement of several crops, which allows plants to keep their leaves on the active photosynthetic level under stress conditions. Understanding the physiological and molecular mechanisms concomitant with "STAY-GREEN" trait or delayed leaf senescence, as well as those regulating photosynthetic capability of plants under heat stress, with a certain focus on the hormonal pathways, may be a key to break the plateau of productivity associated with adaptation to high temperature. This review will discuss the recent findings that advance our understanding of the mechanisms controlling leaf senescence and hormone signaling cascades under heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Abdelrahman
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
- Botany Department Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt
| | - Magdi El-Sayed
- Botany Department Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt
| | - Sudisha Jogaiah
- Plant Healthcare and Diagnostic Center, PG Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, 580 003, India
| | - David J Burritt
- Department of Botany, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Plant Abiotic Stress Research Group & Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam.
- Signaling Pathway Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan.
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340
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Mostofa MG, Hossain MA, Siddiqui MN, Fujita M, Tran LS. Phenotypical, physiological and biochemical analyses provide insight into selenium-induced phytotoxicity in rice plants. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 178:212-223. [PMID: 28324842 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the phenotypical, physiological and biochemical changes of rice plants exposed to high selenium (Se) concentrations to gain an insight into Se-induced phytotoxicity. Results showed that exposure of rice plants to excessive Se resulted in growth retardation and biomass reduction in connection with the decreased levels of chlorophyll, carotenoids and soluble proteins. The reduced water status and an associated increase in sugar and proline levels indicated Se-induced osmotic stress in rice plants. Measurements of Se contents in roots, leaf sheaths and leaves revealed that Se was highly accumulated in leaves followed by leaf sheaths and roots. Se also potentiated its toxicity by impairing oxidative metabolism, as evidenced by enhanced accumulation of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide and lipid peroxidation product. Se toxicity also displayed a desynchronized antioxidant system by elevating the level of glutathione and the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione-S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase, whereas decreasing the level of ascorbic acid and the activities of catalase, glutathione reductase and dehydroascorbate reductase. Furthermore, Se triggered methylglyoxal toxicity by inhibiting the activities of glyoxalases I and II, particularly at higher concentrations of Se. Collectively, our results suggest that excessive Se caused phytotoxic effects on rice plants by inducing chlorosis, reducing sugar, protein and antioxidant contents, and exacerbating oxidative stress and methylglyoxal toxicity. Accumulation levels of Se, proline and glutathione could be considered as efficient biomarkers to indicate degrees of Se-induced phytotoxicity in rice, and perhaps in other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Golam Mostofa
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Shiekh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Anwar Hossain
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Nurealam Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Shiekh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Masayuki Fujita
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan.
| | - Lam-Son Tran
- Plant Abiotic Stress Research Group & Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Signaling Pathway Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
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341
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Saji S, Bathula S, Kubo A, Tamaoki M, Aono M, Sano T, Tobe K, Timm S, Bauwe H, Nakajima N, Saji H. Ozone-Sensitive Arabidopsis Mutants with Deficiencies in Photorespiratory Enzymes. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 58:914-924. [PMID: 28339978 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcx027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
An ozone-sensitive mutant was isolated from T-DNA-tagged lines of Arabidopsis thaliana. The T-DNA was inserted at a locus on chromosome 3, where two genes encoding glycolate oxidases, GOX1 and GOX2, peroxisomal enzymes involved in photorespiration, reside contiguously. The amounts of the mutant's foliar transcripts for these genes were reduced, and glycolate oxidase activity was approximately 60% of that of the wild-type plants. No difference in growth and appearance was observed between the mutant and the wild-type plants under normal conditions with ambient air under a light intensity of 100 µmol photons m-2 s-1. However, signs of severe damage, such as chlorosis and ion leakage from the tissue, rapidly appeared in mutant leaves in response to ozone treatment at a concentration of 0.2 µl l-1 under a higher light intensity of 350 µmol photons m-2 s-1 that caused no such symptoms in the wild-type plant. The mutant also exhibited sensitivity to sulfur dioxide and long-term high-intensity light. Arabidopsis mutants with deficiencies in other photorespiratory enzymes such as glutamate:glyoxylate aminotransferase and hydroxypyruvate reductase also exhibited ozone sensitivities. Therefore, photorespiration appears to be involved in protection against photooxidative stress caused by ozone and other abiotic factors under high-intensity light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Saji
- Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Srinivas Bathula
- Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Herbal Studies and Naturo Sciences, Dravidian University, Kuppam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Akihiro Kubo
- Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masanori Tamaoki
- Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Mitsuko Aono
- Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Sano
- Center for Environmental Measurement and Analysis, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazuo Tobe
- Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Stefan Timm
- Plant Physiology Department, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Hermann Bauwe
- Plant Physiology Department, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Nobuyoshi Nakajima
- Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hikaru Saji
- Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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342
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Santos EF, Kondo Santini JM, Paixão AP, Júnior EF, Lavres J, Campos M, Reis ARD. Physiological highlights of manganese toxicity symptoms in soybean plants: Mn toxicity responses. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 113:6-19. [PMID: 28157580 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential element for plants; however, high concentrations in certain soil conditions can cause toxicity symptoms in the plant tissue. Here, we describe Mn toxicity symptoms and Mn toxicity responses in soybean plants. Soybean plants exposed to excess Mn showed reductions in the CO2 assimilation rate and stomatal conductance, which in turn resulted in decreased shoot biomass. Furthermore, peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activity were higher in plants grown with the highest Mn concentration. The Mn doses increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as CAT, POD, and SOD. The toxicity symptoms presented by the leaves included hypertrophying of the adaxial epidermis and the formation of necrotic areas with purple-colored veins. Dramatic movement of calcium from the healthy region to the purple-colored necrotic region was observed, as was the exit of potassium from the necrotic area to the healthy region of the tissue. The high activities of POD and SOD in the presence of high Mn compartmented in the roots was the main physiological responses at high Mn uptake by soybean plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elcio Ferreira Santos
- USP - University of São Paulo, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, Postal Code 13416-000, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Amanda Pereira Paixão
- UNESP - São Paulo State University, Postal Code 15385-000, Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil.
| | - Enes Furlani Júnior
- UNESP - São Paulo State University, Postal Code 15385-000, Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil.
| | - José Lavres
- USP - University of São Paulo, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, Postal Code 13416-000, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Campos
- UNESP - São Paulo State University, Postal Code 17602-496, Tupã, SP, Brazil.
| | - André Rodrigues Dos Reis
- UNESP - São Paulo State University, Postal Code 15385-000, Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil; UNESP - São Paulo State University, Postal Code 17602-496, Tupã, SP, Brazil.
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343
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Rahman MM, Rahman MA, Miah MG, Saha SR, Karim MA, Mostofa MG. Mechanistic Insight into Salt Tolerance of Acacia auriculiformis: The Importance of Ion Selectivity, Osmoprotection, Tissue Tolerance, and Na + Exclusion. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:155. [PMID: 28421081 PMCID: PMC5378810 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Salinity, one of the major environmental constraints, threatens soil health and consequently agricultural productivity worldwide. Acacia auriculiformis, being a halophyte, offers diverse benefits against soil salinity; however, the defense mechanisms underlying salt-tolerant capacity in A. auriculiformis are still elusive. In this study, we aimed to elucidate mechanisms regulating the adaptability of the multi-purpose perennial species A. auriculiformis to salt stress. The growth, ion homeostasis, osmoprotection, tissue tolerance and Na+ exclusion, and anatomical adjustments of A. auriculiformis grown in varied doses of seawater for 90 and 150 days were assessed. Results showed that diluted seawater caused notable reductions in the level of growth-related parameters, relative water content, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic pigments, proteins, and carbohydrates in dose- and time-dependent manners. However, the percent reduction of these parameters did not exceed 50% of those of control plants. Na+ contents in phyllodes and roots increased with increasing levels of salinity, whereas K+ contents and K+/Na+ ratio decreased significantly in comparison with control plants. A. auriculiformis retained more Na+ in the roots and maintained higher levels of K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+, and K+/Na+ ratio in phyllodes than roots through ion selective capacity. The contents of proline, total free amino acids, total sugars and reducing sugars significantly accumulated together with the levels of malondialdehyde and electrolyte leakage in the phyllodes, particularly at day 150th of salt treatment. Anatomical investigations revealed various anatomical changes in the tissues of phyllodes, stems and roots by salt stress, such as increase in the size of spongy parenchyma of phyllodes, endodermal thickness of stems and roots, and the diameter of root vascular bundle, relative to control counterparts. Furthermore, the estimated values for Na+ exclusion and tissue tolerance index suggested that A. auriculiformis efficiently adopted these two mechanisms to address higher salinity levels. Our results conclude that the adaptability of A. auriculiformis to salinity is closely associated with ion selectivity, increased accumulation of osmoprotectants, efficient Na+ retention in roots, anatomical adjustments, Na+ exclusion and tissue tolerance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. M. Rahman
- Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural UniversityGazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Md. A. Rahman
- Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural UniversityGazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Md. G. Miah
- Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural UniversityGazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Satya R. Saha
- Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural UniversityGazipur, Bangladesh
| | - M. A. Karim
- Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural UniversityGazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad G. Mostofa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural UniversityGazipur, Bangladesh
- *Correspondence: Mohammad G. Mostofa,
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344
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Sharma I, Kaur N, Pati PK. Brassinosteroids: A Promising Option in Deciphering Remedial Strategies for Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:2151. [PMID: 29326745 PMCID: PMC5742319 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.02151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Rice is an important staple crop as it feeds about a half of the earth's population. It is known to be sensitive to a range of abiotic stresses which result in significant decline in crop productivity. Recently, the use of phytohormones for abiotic stress amelioration has generated considerable interest. Plants adapt to various environmental stresses by undergoing series of changes at physiological and molecular levels which are cooperatively modulated by various phytohormones. Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a class of naturally occurring steroidal phytohormones, best known for their role in plant growth and development. For the past two decades, greater emphasis on studies related to BRs biosynthesis, distribution and signaling has resulted in better understanding of BRs function. Recent advances in the use of contemporary genetic, biochemical and proteomic tools, with a vast array of accessible biological resources has led to an extensive exploration of the key regulatory components in BR signaling networks, thus making it one of the most well-studied hormonal pathways in plants. The present review highlights the advancements of knowledge in BR research and links it with its growing potential in abiotic stress management for important crop like rice.
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345
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Tan T, Sun Y, Peng X, Wu G, Bao F, He Y, Zhou H, Lin H. ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE3 Is Involved in Cold Response and Freezing Tolerance Regulation in Physcomitrella patens. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1599. [PMID: 28955377 PMCID: PMC5601040 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Synopsis This work demonstrates that PpABI3 contributes to freezing tolerance regulation in Physcomitrella patens. Transcription factor ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE3 (ABI3) is known to play a major role in regulating seed dormancy, germination, seedling development as well as stress responses. ABI3 is conserved among land plants; however, its roles in non-seed plants under stress conditions have not been well characterized. In this study, we report that ABI3 is involved in freezing tolerance regulation during cold acclimation at least in part through ABA signaling pathway in moss Physcomitrella patens (P. patens). Deletion of PpABI3 (Δabi3-1) compromises the induction of genes related to cold response and antioxidative protection, resulting in reduced accumulation of cryoprotectants and antioxidants. In addition, photosystem II (PSII) activity is repressed in Δabi3-1 during cold acclimation partially due to alternations of photosynthetic protein complexes compositions. The gametophyte of Δabi3-1 displays severe growth inhibition and developmental deficiency under low temperature condition, while two independent complementary lines display phenotypes similar to that of wild-type P. patens (WT). Furthermore, the freezing tolerance of Δabi3-1 was significantly affected by deletion of PpABI3. These data revealed that PpABI3 plays an important role in low temperature response and freezing tolerance in P. patens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tinghong Tan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Yanni Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Xingji Peng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Guochun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Fang Bao
- School of Life Sciences, Capital Normal UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Yikun He
- School of Life Sciences, Capital Normal UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Huapeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Huapeng Zhou
| | - Honghui Lin
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, China
- Honghui Lin
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346
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Garg B, Gill SS, Biswas DK, Sahoo RK, Kunchge NS, Tuteja R, Tuteja N. Simultaneous Expression of PDH45 with EPSPS Gene Improves Salinity and Herbicide Tolerance in Transgenic Tobacco Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:364. [PMID: 28392794 PMCID: PMC5364135 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
To cope with the problem of salinity- and weed-induced crop losses, a multi-stress tolerant trait is need of the hour but a combinatorial view of such traits is not yet explored. The overexpression of PDH45 (pea DNA helicase 45) and EPSPS (5-enoylpruvyl shikimate-3-phosphate synthase) genes have been reported to impart salinity and herbicide tolerance. Further, the understanding of mechanism and pathways utilized by PDH45 and EPSPS for salinity and herbicide tolerance will help to improve the crops of economical importance. In the present study, we have performed a comparative analysis of salinity and herbicide tolerance to check the biochemical parameters and antioxidant status of tobacco transgenic plants. Collectively, the results showed that PDH45 overexpressing transgenic lines display efficient tolerance to salinity stress, while PDH45+EPSPS transgenics showed tolerance to both the salinity and herbicide as compared to the control [wild type (WT) and vector control (VC)] plants. The activities of the components of enzymatic antioxidant machinery were observed to be higher in the transgenic plants indicating the presence of an efficient antioxidant defense system which helps to cope with the stress-induced oxidative-damages. Photosynthetic parameters also showed significant increase in PDH45 and PDH45+EPSPS overexpressing transgenic plants in comparison to WT, VC and EPSPS transgenic plants under salinity stress. Furthermore, PDH45 and PDH45+EPSPS synergistically modulate the jasmonic acid and salicylic acid mediated signaling pathways for combating salinity stress. The findings of our study suggest that pyramiding of the PDH45 gene with EPSPS gene renders host plants tolerant to salinity and herbicide by enhancing the antioxidant machinery thus photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharti Garg
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and BiotechnologyNew Delhi, India
| | - Sarvajeet S. Gill
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Lab, Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand UniversityRohtak, India
| | - Dipul K. Biswas
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and BiotechnologyNew Delhi, India
| | - Ranjan K. Sahoo
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and BiotechnologyNew Delhi, India
| | | | - Renu Tuteja
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and BiotechnologyNew Delhi, India
| | - Narendra Tuteja
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and BiotechnologyNew Delhi, India
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Uttar PradeshNoida, India
- *Correspondence: Narendra Tuteja, ;
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347
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Vu LD, Stes E, Van Bel M, Nelissen H, Maddelein D, Inzé D, Coppens F, Martens L, Gevaert K, De Smet I. Up-to-Date Workflow for Plant (Phospho)proteomics Identifies Differential Drought-Responsive Phosphorylation Events in Maize Leaves. J Proteome Res 2016; 15:4304-4317. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lam Dai Vu
- Department
of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Department
of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Medical
Biotechnology Center, VIB, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Department
of Biochemistry, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elisabeth Stes
- Department
of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Department
of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Medical
Biotechnology Center, VIB, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Department
of Biochemistry, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michiel Van Bel
- Department
of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Department
of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hilde Nelissen
- Department
of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Department
of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Davy Maddelein
- Medical
Biotechnology Center, VIB, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Department
of Biochemistry, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dirk Inzé
- Department
of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Department
of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frederik Coppens
- Department
of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Department
of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lennart Martens
- Medical
Biotechnology Center, VIB, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Department
of Biochemistry, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kris Gevaert
- Medical
Biotechnology Center, VIB, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Department
of Biochemistry, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ive De Smet
- Department
of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Department
of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
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348
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ChloroSeq, an Optimized Chloroplast RNA-Seq Bioinformatic Pipeline, Reveals Remodeling of the Organellar Transcriptome Under Heat Stress. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2016; 6:2817-27. [PMID: 27402360 PMCID: PMC5015939 DOI: 10.1534/g3.116.030783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Although RNA-Seq has revolutionized transcript analysis, organellar transcriptomes are rarely assessed even when present in published datasets. Here, we describe the development and application of a rapid and convenient method, ChloroSeq, to delineate qualitative and quantitative features of chloroplast RNA metabolism from strand-specific RNA-Seq datasets, including processing, editing, splicing, and relative transcript abundance. The use of a single experiment to analyze systematically chloroplast transcript maturation and abundance is of particular interest due to frequent pleiotropic effects observed in mutants that affect chloroplast gene expression and/or photosynthesis. To illustrate its utility, ChloroSeq was applied to published RNA-Seq datasets derived from Arabidopsis thaliana grown under control and abiotic stress conditions, where the organellar transcriptome had not been examined. The most appreciable effects were found for heat stress, which induces a global reduction in splicing and editing efficiency, and leads to increased abundance of chloroplast transcripts, including genic, intergenic, and antisense transcripts. Moreover, by concomitantly analyzing nuclear transcripts that encode chloroplast gene expression regulators from the same libraries, we demonstrate the possibility of achieving a holistic understanding of the nucleus-organelle system. ChloroSeq thus represents a unique method for streamlining RNA-Seq data interpretation of the chloroplast transcriptome and its regulators.
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349
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Jallet D, Caballero MA, Gallina AA, Youngblood M, Peers G. Photosynthetic physiology and biomass partitioning in the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum grown in a sinusoidal light regime. ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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350
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Grieco M, Jain A, Ebersberger I, Teige M. An evolutionary view on thylakoid protein phosphorylation uncovers novel phosphorylation hotspots with potential functional implications. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:3883-96. [PMID: 27117338 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The regulation of photosynthetic light reactions by reversible protein phosphorylation is well established today, but functional studies have so far mostly been restricted to processes affecting light-harvesting complex II and the core proteins of photosystem II. Virtually no functional data are available on regulatory effects at the other photosynthetic complexes despite the identification of multiple phosphorylation sites. Therefore we summarize the available data from 50 published phospho-proteomics studies covering the main complexes involved in photosynthetic light reactions in the 'green lineage' (i.e. green algae and land plants) as well as its cyanobacterial counterparts. In addition, we performed an extensive orthologue search for the major photosynthetic thylakoid proteins in 41 sequenced genomes and generated sequence alignments to survey the phylogenetic distribution of phosphorylation sites and their evolutionary conservation from green algae to higher plants. We observed a number of uncharacterized phosphorylation hotspots at photosystem I and the ATP synthase with potential functional relevance as well as an unexpected divergence of phosphosites. Although technical limitations might account for a number of those differences, we think that many of these phosphosites have important functions. This is particularly important for mono- and dicot plants, where these sites might be involved in regulatory processes such as stress acclimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Grieco
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Althanstr. 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Arpit Jain
- Department for Applied Bioinformatics, Institute for Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue Str. 13, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ingo Ebersberger
- Department for Applied Bioinformatics, Institute for Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue Str. 13, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Senckenberg Anlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Markus Teige
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Althanstr. 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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