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Patra A, Das S, Das S, Mandal A, Sekhar Mondal N, Ratan Ghosh A. Assessing haematological parameters and probable toxicity analysis in two coastal fish species at harbouring areas of Digha coastal belt, West Bengal, India. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 249:118318. [PMID: 38307179 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Coastal ecosystems are vital for maintaining the biodiversity and human livelihoods, but they are increasingly subjected to anthropogenic pressures, including pollution from various sources. Present work intends to assess the possible threats in coastal ecosystem as well as coastal fish species, in particular, through haematological parameters caused due to exposure of environmental contaminants like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), potentially toxic metals (PTMs), etc. This study analysed the haematological parameters and probable toxicity levels in two important coastal fish species, viz., Mystus sp. and Mugil sp. widely available in Digha coastal belt. Different haematological parameters, such as WBCs (White Blood Cells), Lym (Lymphocytes), Gran (Granulocytes), Mid (Monocytes), RBCs (Red Blood Cells), HCT (Haematocrit) value, MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume), MCH (Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin), MCHC (Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration), RDW- CV (Red Cells Distribution Width-Co-efficient of Variation), RDW- SD (Red Cells Distribution Width-Standard Deviation), PLT (Total Platelet Count), MPV (Mean Platelet Volume), PDW- SD (Platelet Distribution Width-Standard Deviation), PDW- CV (Platelet Distribution Width-Co-efficient of Variation), PCT (Plateletcrit), PLCR (Platelet Large Cell Ratio), PLCC (Platelet Large Cell Count) and many others were measured directly through Erba H360 Haematology Analyser, simultaneously air dried blood smear was stained by Haematoxylin-Eosin(H-E) and Giemsa stain for assessing morphometric alterations of RBCs, WBCs, platelets as well as to determine the differential counts of WBCs by observing through Leica DM2000 microscope. Evidence of several abnormalities in the erythrocyte's nucleus (ENAs) and the abundance of abnormal celled erythrocytes (ECAs), carcinoma (lymphoproliferative disorder, polycythaemia vera, Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma), elevation of WBCs content, Lym %(Lymphocyte percentage), Eo(Eosinophils), monocytes, HCT and gross depletion of Ne(Neutrophils), basophils, and PLCR levels indicated a sign of major impact of contamination to two intoxicated fishes which may also affect the human being through food chain and may result into leukaemia in mammalian species, finally. However, comprehensive evaluation of the long-term impacts of the contaminants like PAHs and/or PTMs, etc., on fish populations, human health risk and coastal ecosystem is required to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atanu Patra
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, Purba Bardhaman, West Bengal, PIN: 713104, India; Mankar College, Mankar, West Bengal, 713144, India
| | - Subhas Das
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, Purba Bardhaman, West Bengal, PIN: 713104, India
| | - Sugata Das
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, Purba Bardhaman, West Bengal, PIN: 713104, India
| | - Arghya Mandal
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, Purba Bardhaman, West Bengal, PIN: 713104, India; Mankar College, Mankar, West Bengal, 713144, India
| | - Niladri Sekhar Mondal
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, Purba Bardhaman, West Bengal, PIN: 713104, India; Netaji Subhas Open University, DD-26, Sector-I, Salt Lake City, Kolkata - 700 064, India
| | - Apurba Ratan Ghosh
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, Purba Bardhaman, West Bengal, PIN: 713104, India.
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Mental Health Monitoring Based on Multiperception Intelligent Wearable Devices. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2021; 2021:8307576. [PMID: 34867114 PMCID: PMC8610667 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8307576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In order to improve the accuracy of the evaluation results of multiperception intelligent wearable devices, the mathematical statistical characteristics based on speech, behavior, environment, and physical signs are proposed; first, the PCA feature compression algorithm was used to reduce the dimension of these features, and the differences among different training samples were compared and analyzed; then, three weak classifiers are designed using the logistic regression algorithm, and finally, a strong classifier with higher prediction accuracy is designed according to the boosting decision fusion method and ensemble learning idea. The results showed that the accuracy of the logistic regression model trained with the feature data of voice PCA was 0.964, but the recall rate and crossover results were significantly reduced to 0.844 and 0.846, respectively. The accuracy, accuracy and recall of the decision fusion model based on the boosting method and integrated learning are 0.969, and the prediction accuracy of K-folds cross-validation is also as high as 0.956; the superposition fusion results of three weak classifiers achieve a better classification effect.
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Khatun MM, Mostakim GM, Moniruzzaman M, Rahman UO, Islam MS. Distortion of micronuclei and other peripheral erythrocytes caused by fenitrothion and their recovery assemblage in zebrafish. Toxicol Rep 2021; 8:415-421. [PMID: 33680864 PMCID: PMC7930503 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The experiment was explicated to investigate the fenitrothion persuaded genotoxicity in the peripheral erythrocytes of zebrafish (Danio rerio) through in vivo exposures (10 %, 20 % and 40 % of LC50 of fenitrothion, i.e., 0.8, 1.6, and 3.2 mg/L, respectively) for variable periods (1, 3, and 7 days) and its subsequent post-exposure recuperation array in pesticide-free water for similar intervals was also evaluated. With the exception of the control group (0% of fenitrothion), the obtained results pointed out that with the promotion of time and concentrations, fenitrothion induced significantly (p < 0.05) higher prevalence and severity of erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities (ENA) such as- notched, micronucleus, nuclear bridges, blebbed, binucleated, nuclear bud and also erythrocytic cellular abnormalities (ECA) such as - echinocytic, elongated, tear-drop, crescentic, twin, fusion, and spindle-shaped cells. Recuperation data stated that zebrafish cured spontaneously and aberrated erythrocytic anomalies in all treatments were renormalized according to the concentration and duration dependence. Hence, we concluded that fenitrothion has a dangerous effect on the zebrafish, and this technology can be used to anticipate the sensitivity of aquatic animals to environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mt. Marufa Khatun
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
| | - Golam Mohammod Mostakim
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Moniruzzaman
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
| | - Umme Ohida Rahman
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
| | - M. Sadiqul Islam
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
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El-Bouhy ZM, Reda RM, Mahboub HH, Gomaa FN. Bioremediation effect of pomegranate peel on subchronic mercury immunotoxicity on African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:2219-2235. [PMID: 32875451 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10599-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The primary aim of the present study is to evaluate the highest concentrations of heavy metals (HMs) in Nile catfish (Clarias gariepinus, C. gariepinus) and water samples, as well as to investigate the efficiency of pomegranate peels (PPs) (supplemented either through water or diet) in enhancing fish immunity and counteracting the toxicity of high concentrations of HMs. Water and C. gariepinus samples were collected from two private fish farms in Al Sharkia Governorate. Mercury (Hg) showed the highest concentration (0.13 ppm). The adsorption capacity of PP was evaluated by testing different concentrations, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, and 1.5 g L-1, wherein 1.5 g L-1 revealed the highest Hg adsorption efficiency. The results indicated that Hg concentration was decreased with increased PP concentration until 72 h. In a trial that lasted for 60 days, 240 C. gariepinus (75.12 ± 3.12 g) were randomly divided into eight equal groups with three replicates per group. The first group (CT) served as the negative control (fish fed on a basal diet). The second group (PPW) was fed on a basal diet and supplemented with 0.3 g L-1 of PP via water. The third (PPD1) and fourth (PPD2) groups received basal diets enriched with 1 and 2 g PP powder/kg diet. respectively. The fifth group (Hg) served as the positive control that was fed on a basal diet and exposed to 0.13 ppm of Hg. The sixth (Hg + PPW), seventh (Hg + PPD1), and eighth (Hg + PPD2) groups were exposed to 0.13 ppm of Hg and received the same type of treatment as in second, third, and fourth groups. Hg exposure significantly elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea, and creatinine levels, as well as oxidative stress biomarkers, including reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Pomegranate supplementation through diet elevated the levels of red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), lysozyme, and anti-protease activity. Moreover, PP supplementation through water revealed minimum urea and creatinine levels, and the highest nitric oxide level. Moreover, Hg residue level in fish muscles noticeably decreased in the PP-treated groups. These results demonstrated the efficiency of PP supplementation (either through water or diet) in enhancing fish immunity and counteracting subchronic Hg toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab M El-Bouhy
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Rasha M Reda
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
| | - Heba H Mahboub
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Fify N Gomaa
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
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Marić JJ, Kračun-Kolarević M, Kolarević S, Sunjog K, Kostić-Vuković J, Deutschmann B, Hollert H, Tenji D, Paunović M, Vuković-Gačić B. Selection of assay, organism, and approach in biomonitoring significantly affects the evaluation of genotoxic potential in aquatic environments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:33903-33915. [PMID: 32535828 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09597-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, few different evaluation concepts were used for the assessment of genotoxic potential at the stretch of the Danube River identified as a significant hotspot of pollution originated through the untreated wastewaters. Three sites were chosen: one site upstream of the wastewater outlet in Novi Sad (Serbia), one at the outlet of wastewaters, and one site few kilometer downstream. Ex situ approach comprised prokaryotic SOS/umuC test on Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1005 and comet assay on human hepatoma cell line (HepG2). In situ approach was based on the active monitoring (cage approach) using freshwater mussels Sinanodonta woodiana and fish Cyprinus carpio. The comet and micronucleus assays were selected for evaluation of DNA damage in mussel haemocytes and fish blood cells. Within the ex situ part of the study, our results indicated that the eukaryotic model system is more sensitive compared to the prokaryotic one. In situ bioassays are recommended for obtaining a better insight into ecosystem status and in the case of our study the complete insight of genotoxic pressure. However, the choice of animals as bioindicators also has a significant impact on the quality of the obtained information. Differential response between fish and mussels was observed at the highly polluted site suggesting possible involvement of additional protective mechanism such as valve closure in mussels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovana Jovanović Marić
- Department for Hydroecology and Water protection, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
- Faculty of Biology, Chair of Microbiology, Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Margareta Kračun-Kolarević
- Department for Hydroecology and Water protection, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.
| | - Stoimir Kolarević
- Department for Hydroecology and Water protection, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
- Faculty of Biology, Chair of Microbiology, Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Karolina Sunjog
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Jovana Kostić-Vuković
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Björn Deutschmann
- Department of Ecosystem Analyses, Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Henner Hollert
- Department of Ecosystem Analyses, Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dina Tenji
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 2, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
| | - Momir Paunović
- Department for Hydroecology and Water protection, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Branka Vuković-Gačić
- Faculty of Biology, Chair of Microbiology, Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
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6
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Vieira TC, Rodrigues APDC, Amaral PMG, de Oliveira DFC, Gonçalves RA, Rodrigues E Silva C, Vasques RO, Malm O, Silva-Filho EV, Godoy JMDO, Machado W, Filippo A, Bidone ED. Evaluation of the bioaccumulation kinetics of toxic metals in fish (A. brasiliensis) and its application on monitoring of coastal ecosystems. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 151:110830. [PMID: 32056622 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study proposes a pro-active approach for evaluations of methylmercury (MeHg), total mercury (THg), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in situ bioaccumulation in fish (Atherinella brasiliensis) muscles, using specimens from the external sector of Guanabara Bay as a study case. This approach included an hierarchical sequence: analysis of the pollutants concentrations and their comparison to safety criteria; correlations between specimens concentrations vs length (as a proxy of exposure time); projections of concentrations in key lengths (sexual maturation, asymptotic, length limits for fishing and median of fish population) through polynomial regressions, dose-response analysis (Probit), decreasing curves and incorporation rates (using only three length intervals). The incorporation rates were ascending for MeHg and THg (continued bioaccumulation) and descending for As, Pb and Cd (possible biological dilution). The projections were satisfactory, evidencing their use for an improvement on the risks monitoring of fishing and fish consumption by humans in coastal environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thatianne C Vieira
- Post-graduation Program on Geochemistry, Universidade Federal Fluminense, RJ, Brazil.
| | | | - Petrus M G Amaral
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo A Gonçalves
- Institute of Chemistry, Pontífica Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo O Vasques
- Post-graduation Program on Geochemistry, Universidade Federal Fluminense, RJ, Brazil
| | - Olaf Malm
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - José M de O Godoy
- Institute of Chemistry, Pontífica Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Wilson Machado
- Post-graduation Program on Geochemistry, Universidade Federal Fluminense, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alejandra Filippo
- Department of Zootechny and Development of Agricultural-social-environmental Sustainability, Universidade Federal Fluminense, RJ, Brazil
| | - Edison D Bidone
- Post-graduation Program on Geochemistry, Universidade Federal Fluminense, RJ, Brazil
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Butrimavičienė L, Stankevičiūtė M, Kalcienė V, Jokšas K, Baršienė J. Genotoxic, cytotoxic, and neurotoxic responses in Anodonta cygnea after complex metal mixture treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:7627-7639. [PMID: 30666580 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04206-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Environmental effects associated with the release of various metals even at maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) to the aquatic ecosystems are evident. In the present work, time-dependent increase in accumulated metals amount in gills of Anodonta cygnea after exposure to complex metal (Zn 0.1, Cu 0.01, Ni 0.01, Cr 0.01, Pb 0.005, and Cd 0.005 mg/L, MPC accepted for the inland waters in EU) mixture at various time points (1, 2, 4, 7, 14, and 28 days) was investigated. Statistically significant increase of Cu and Cd was determined in mussel's gills after 7-day exposure, in comparison to control group; moreover, significantly elevated concentration of Cu was measured and after 14-day treatment (in comparison to control and pre-exposure group). Concentrations of five (Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb, and Cd) out of 6 investigated metals were statistically increased in gills tissue after 28-day treatment. Moreover, complex metal mixture has demonstrated tissue- and time-dependent genotoxicity (∑Gentox) and cytotoxicity (∑Cytox) responses in mussels. After 4-day exposure, there were found the highest ∑Gentox levels in gills cells and haemocytes. Two-day treatment of mussels resulted in the highest and statistically significant induction of ∑Cytox level (in gills). Furthermore, after short-term (4 days) exposure, statistically significant inhibition of AChE activity in hemolymph of metal mixture-exposed mussels, in comparison to control and pre-exposure group, was found. Comparison of investigated responses in different tissue of A. cygnea discloses new information about metal mixture (at MPC) impacts at different treatment time. According to the obtained geno- and cytotoxicity data, it is suggested that gills are more sensitive tissue. Environmentally relevant trace metal concentrations when existing in mixture are able to cause adverse effects in A. cygnea; therefore, biological effects at different levels of organism are expected as a realistic scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Butrimavičienė
- Nature Research Centre, Institute of Ecology, Akademijos Str. 2, LT-08412, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Milda Stankevičiūtė
- Nature Research Centre, Institute of Ecology, Akademijos Str. 2, LT-08412, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Virginija Kalcienė
- Life Sciences Center, Institute of Biosciences, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio av. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Kęstutis Jokšas
- Nature Research Centre, Institute of Ecology, Akademijos Str. 2, LT-08412, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Janina Baršienė
- Nature Research Centre, Institute of Ecology, Akademijos Str. 2, LT-08412, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Finlayson KA, Leusch FDL, van de Merwe JP. Primary green turtle (Chelonia mydas) skin fibroblasts as an in vitro model for assessing genotoxicity and oxidative stress. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 207:13-18. [PMID: 30502692 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the effects of contaminants that accumulate in sea turtles. When in vivo exposure studies have ethical and logistical barriers, as is the case with sea turtles, in vitro tools can provide important information on the effects of contaminants. Several in vitro studies have assessed cytotoxicity of contaminants to sea turtles cells, however to gain a more refined mechanistic understanding of the effects of contaminants, sub-lethal effects also require investigation. Considering the complex mixture of contaminants that sea turtles are potentially exposed to, high throughput testing methods are necessary so that a large number of contaminants (and mixtures) can be rapidly tested. This study examined oxidative stress (reactive oxygen species production) and genotoxicity (micronucleus formation) in primary green turtle skin fibroblasts in response to 16 organic and inorganic contaminants found in coastal environments. Significant induction of oxidative stress was found with Cu, Co, Cr, and Hg. Significant effects on genotoxicity were found with Cu, Co, Cr, Hg, Pb and metolachlor. Effect concentrations from the bioassays were used in a simple risk assessment of turtles worldwide using accumulation values from the literature to identify populations at risk. Cu, Co, Cr and Hg were identified as posing the biggest threat to sea turtles. This study demonstrated the validity of using primary turtle cell cultures in the assessment of risk associated with a large number of contaminants using a high-throughput toxicity testing format.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A Finlayson
- Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.
| | - Frederic D L Leusch
- Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Jason P van de Merwe
- Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
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de Lima Cardoso R, Carvalho-Neta RNF, de Castro ACL, Ferreira CFC, Silva MHL, de Jesus Azevedo JW, Sobrinho JRSC, Santos DMS. Histological and Genotoxic Biomarkers in Prochilodus lacustris (Pisces, Prochilodontidae) for Environmental Assessment in a Protected Area in the Northeast of Brazil. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2018; 101:570-579. [PMID: 30350121 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-018-2464-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The quality of aquatic environments all around the world is being altered by different human activities that represent direct threat to the ecological system and the aquatic biota. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of histological and genotoxic alterations in Prochilodus lacustris as indicators of anthropic impacts in a lacustrine environment in northeast Brazil. The histological alterations were evaluated using the histological alteration index, and the genotoxic alterations were detected using the micronuclei test, at three sampling stations (S1, S2 and S3). The gills presented lesions with three stages of severity, with mild lesions more frequent in the specimens collected at station S1. Mild hepatic tissue lesions were the most frequent type in both areas. Micronucleus analysis showed that station S3 was the most affected. The biological responses observed indicated that the fish are under influence of environmental changes. It is important to highlight that the organisms collected at station S3 had a more compromised health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayssa de Lima Cardoso
- Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Avenue Three March, 511, Alto da Boa Vista, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Raimunda Nonata Fortes Carvalho-Neta
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Postgraduate Program in Aquatic Resources and Fisheries, State University of Maranhão (Uema), University City Paulo VI s/n, Cidade Operária, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Leal de Castro
- Department of Oceanography and Limnology, Federal University of Maranhão (Ufma), Avenue of Portugueses, 1966, Vila Bacanga, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Cássia Fernanda Chagas Ferreira
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Postgraduate Program in Aquatic Resources and Fisheries, State University of Maranhão (Uema), University City Paulo VI s/n, Cidade Operária, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Henrique Lopes Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Biodority and Biotechnology Network of the Legal Amazon (BIONORTE), Department of Biology, Federal University of Maranhão (Ufma), Avenue of Portugueses, 1966, Bacanga, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - James Werllen de Jesus Azevedo
- Department of Oceanography and Limnology, Federal University of Maranhão (Ufma), Avenue of Portugueses, 1966, Vila Bacanga, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - João Reis Salgado Costa Sobrinho
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Soil Chemistry Laboratory, State University of Maranhão (Uema), University City Paulo VI s/n, Cidade Operária, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Débora Martins Silva Santos
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Postgraduate Program in Aquatic Resources and Fisheries, State University of Maranhão (Uema), University City Paulo VI s/n, Cidade Operária, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
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10
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Carvalho WF, Franco FC, Godoy FR, Folador D, Avelar JB, Nomura F, Cruz ADD, Sabóia-Morais SMTD, Bastos RP, Silva DDME. Evaluation of Genotoxic and Mutagenic Effects of Glyphosate Roundup Original®inDendropsophus minutusPeters, 1872 Tadpoles. SOUTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HERPETOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.2994/sajh-d-17-00016.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wanessa Fernandes Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- Laboratório de Genética e Mutagênese, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Craveiro Franco
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- Laboratório de Genética e Mutagênese, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Ribeiro Godoy
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- Laboratório de Genética e Mutagênese, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Daiany Folador
- Laboratório de Genética e Mutagênese, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Juliana Boaventura Avelar
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Fausto Nomura
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Aparecido Divino da Cruz
- Núcleo de Pesquisas Replicon, Departamento de Biologia, Mestrado em Genética, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Brazil
| | - Simone Maria Teixeira de Sabóia-Morais
- Laboratório de Comportamento Celular, Departamento de Morfologia, Mestrado em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Rogério Pereira Bastos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Daniela de Melo e Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- Laboratório de Genética e Mutagênese, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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11
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Jovanović J, Kolarević S, Milošković A, Radojković N, Simić V, Dojčinović B, Kračun-Kolarević M, Paunović M, Kostić J, Sunjog K, Timilijić J, Djordjević J, Gačić Z, Žegura B, Vuković-Gačić B. Evaluation of genotoxic potential in the Velika Morava River Basin in vitro and in situ. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 621:1289-1299. [PMID: 29056382 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The Velika Morava River is the greatest national Serbian river and the significant tributary of the Danube River. The major problems in the Velika Morava River Basin (VMRB) represent untreated industrial and municipal wastewaters. In this study, the level of genotoxic potential at the sites along the VMRB was evaluated by parallel in vitro and in situ approach. Within in vitro testing, genotoxicity of native water samples collected from the sites in VMRB was evaluated by SOS/umuC test on Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002 and by the comet assay on HepG2 cells. DNA damage in situ was assessed in bleak (Alburnus alburnus) erythrocytes by the comet (alkaline and Fpg-modified comet) and micronucleus assays. Additionally, the concentration of heavy metals in fish tissue was measured and this data, compiled with the data of the physico-chemical parameters measured in water, was used as a measure of the pollution pressure at the sites. Results showed that applied in vitro tests with native water samples are less sensitive in comparison with in situ tests and should be taken with precaution when making predictions on the status of the ecosystem. Within applied battery of in situ assays differential sensitivity of assays was observed where alkaline comet assay showed the highest potential in differentiation of the sites based on genotoxic potential. Integrated biomarker response showed that usage of the battery of bioassays provides better insight in a genotoxic effects in animals, and consequently, that the holistic approach is more suitable for this type of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovana Jovanović
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Chair of Microbiology, Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Stoimir Kolarević
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Chair of Microbiology, Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Aleksandra Milošković
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nataša Radojković
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Vladica Simić
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Biljana Dojčinović
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Margareta Kračun-Kolarević
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Momir Paunović
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovana Kostić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Karolina Sunjog
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovana Timilijić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Chair of Microbiology, Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Djordjević
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Chair of Microbiology, Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran Gačić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bojana Žegura
- National Institute of Biology, Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, Večna pot 111, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Branka Vuković-Gačić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Chair of Microbiology, Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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12
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Khan MM, Moniruzzaman M, Mostakim GM, Khan MSR, Rahman MK, Islam MS. Aberrations of the peripheral erythrocytes and its recovery patterns in a freshwater teleost, silver barb exposed to profenofos. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 234:830-837. [PMID: 29248850 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present experiment was conducted to explicate the genotoxic effects of profenofos, an organophosphate insecticide, on the erythrocytes of silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus). Silver barb were exposed to a solution of 10% and 50% of lethal concentrations (LC50) of profenofos as sub-lethal concentrations at different days (1, 7, 15, and 30 d), along with a control (0% profenofos). Subsequent recovery patterns were assessed allowing the fish exposed to profenofos free water for the same period that they were exposed to profenofos. Our results revealed that with the progression of time and concentration, fish exposed to profenofos showed significantly (p < .05) higher level of erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities (ENA) such as micronuclei, bi-nuclei, degenerated nuclei, notched nuclei, nuclear bridge and nuclear buds, as well as erythrocytic cellular abnormalities (ECA) such as echinocytic, elongated, fusion, spindle, tear-drop and twin shaped cells. After exposure, the silver barb recovered spontaneously, and the abnormal erythrocytic parameters were normalized with a concentration- and duration-dependent fashion. Therefore, these abnormalities and their recovery can be used to assess the toxic levels of pesticides on aquatic organisms. There is great potential to use this technique as in vivo to predict susceptibility of aquatic animals to environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mst Mansura Khan
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Moniruzzaman
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Golam Mohammod Mostakim
- Department of Fisheries Biology & Aquatic Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Sadequr Rahman Khan
- Department of Marine Bioresources Science, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chittagong 4225, Bangladesh
| | - Md Khalilur Rahman
- Freshwater Station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute (BFRI), Mymensingh 2201, Bangladesh
| | - M Sadiqul Islam
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.
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13
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Erythrocytes as a biological model for screening of xenobiotics toxicity. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 279:73-83. [PMID: 29128605 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Erythrocytes are the main cells in circulation. They are devoid of internal membrane structures and easy to be isolated and handled providing a good model for different assays. Red blood cells (RBCs) plasma membrane is a multi-component structure that keeps the cell morphology, elasticity, flexibility and deformability. Alteration of membrane structure upon exposure to xenobiotics could induce various cellular abnormalities and releasing of intracellular components. Therefore the morphological changes and extracellular release of haemoglobin [hemolysis] and increased content of extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) [as signs of membrane stability] could be used to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of various molecules. The nucleated RBCs from birds, fish and amphibians can be used to evaluate genotoxicity of different xenobiotics using comet, DNA fragmentation and micronucleus assays. The RBCs could undergo programmed cell death (eryptosis) in response to injury providing a useful model to analyze some mechanisms of toxicity that could be implicated in apoptosis of nucleated cells. Erythrocytes are vulnerable to peroxidation making it a good biological membrane model for analyzing the oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation of various xenobiotics. The RBCs contain a large number of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. The changes of the RBCs antioxidant capacity could reflect the capability of xenobiotics to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) resulting in oxidative damage of tissue. These criteria make RBCs a valuable in vitro model to evaluate the cytotoxicity of different natural or synthetic and organic or inorganic molecules by cellular damage measures.
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14
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García-Medina S, Galar-Martínez M, Gómez-Oliván LM, Ruiz-Lara K, Islas-Flores H, Gasca-Pérez E. Relationship between genotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by mercury on common carp (Cyprinus carpio) tissues. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 192:207-215. [PMID: 28982072 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Mercury is one of the most toxic metals in aquatic systems since it is able to induce neurobehavioral disorders as well as renal and gastrointestinal tract damage. The common carp Cyprinus carpio is an important species from both an ecological and economic viewpoint as it is consumed in many countries, the top producers being Mexico, China, India and Japan. The present study aimed to evaluate the relation between Hg-induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity in diverse tissues of C. carpio. Specimens were exposed to 0.01mgHg/L (the maximum permissible limit for aquatic life protection), and lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl content and the activity of antioxidant enzymes were evaluated at 96h. Micronuclei frequency and DNA damage by comet assay were determined at 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96h. Hg induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity on exposed fish, since inhibition of antioxidant enzymes activity and increases in lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and micronuclei frequency occurred. Blood, gill and liver were more susceptible to oxidative stress, while blood were more sensitive to genotoxicity. In conclusion, Hg at concentrations equal to the maximum permissible limit for aquatic life protection induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity on C. carpio, and these two effects prove to be correlated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra García-Medina
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Sección de Graduados e Investigación, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de Ayala y Carpio s/n, 11340 México D.F., México.
| | - Marcela Galar-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Sección de Graduados e Investigación, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de Ayala y Carpio s/n, 11340 México D.F., México.
| | - Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan s/n, Col. Residencial Colón, 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, México
| | - Karina Ruiz-Lara
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Sección de Graduados e Investigación, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de Ayala y Carpio s/n, 11340 México D.F., México
| | - Hariz Islas-Flores
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan s/n, Col. Residencial Colón, 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, México
| | - Eloy Gasca-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Sección de Graduados e Investigación, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de Ayala y Carpio s/n, 11340 México D.F., México
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15
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Ivanova L, Popovska-Percinic F, Slavevska-Stamenkovic V, Jordanova M, Rebok K. Micronuclei and Nuclear Abnormalities in Erythrocytes from Barbel Barbus peloponnesius Revealing Genotoxic Pollution of the River Bregalnica. MACEDONIAN VETERINARY REVIEW 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/macvetrev-2016-0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The strong negative anthropogenic pressure on the River Bregalnica resulted in the increase of pollution in the river ecosystem. The aim of this study was to evaluate if aquatic pollutants generate genotoxic effects in barbel (Barbus peloponnesius). Thirty individuals were collected from three localities along the river: one control site and two locations in the middle and lower course of the river with the presence of different pollution sources. Blood smears were stained with May-Grünwald/Giemsa method and the frequency of micronuclei, vacuolated nuclei, binuclei, blebbed nuclei and notched nuclei expressed in per mill was recorded. In fish collected from the control site, the investigated erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities revealed lowest values compared to polluted sites. In general, significantly higher values for erythrocyte deformations, including micronuclei, were noted in the middle and lower part of the river. Significantly higher values of vacuolated and blebbed nuclei were detected in fish from the middle course of the river, while at the lower course the frequencies of occurrence of micronuclei and notched nuclei were significant compared with control site. The middle course of the River Bregalnica has more diverse pollutants compared to the lower course, and consequently the highest frequency of all nuclear deformations was found in barbel from the middle course of the river. Obtained results suggest that pollutants draining into the Bregalnica river ecosystem display a genotoxic effect on the local barbel population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lozenka Ivanova
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics , Ss Cyril and Methodius University , Arhimedova str., n. 3, 1000 Skopje , Macedonia (the former Yugoslav Republic of)
| | - Florina Popovska-Percinic
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Ss Cyril and Methodius University , Lazar Pop Trajkov 5-7, 1000 Skopje , Macedonia (the former Yugoslav Republic of)
| | - Valentina Slavevska-Stamenkovic
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics , Ss Cyril and Methodius University , Arhimedova str., n. 3, 1000 Skopje , Macedonia (the former Yugoslav Republic of)
| | - Maja Jordanova
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics , Ss Cyril and Methodius University , Arhimedova str., n. 3, 1000 Skopje , Macedonia (the former Yugoslav Republic of)
| | - Katerina Rebok
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics , Ss Cyril and Methodius University , Arhimedova str., n. 3, 1000 Skopje , Macedonia (the former Yugoslav Republic of)
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16
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Genotoxic Effects of Chlorpyrifos in Freshwater Fish Cirrhinus mrigala Using Micronucleus Assay. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1155/2016/9276963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The genotoxicity of pesticides is an issue of worldwide concern and chlorpyrifos is one of the largest selling organophosphate agrochemicals that has been widely detected in surface waters of India. The studies on long term genotoxic biomarkers are limited; therefore, present study was carried out to analyze the incidence of nuclear anomalies in the blood cells of fresh water fish Cirrhinus mrigala using micronucleus (MN) assay as a potential tool for assessment of genotoxicity. Acute toxicity of chlorpyrifos was evaluated by exposing fingerlings to different doses of chlorpyrifos (1/20, 1/10, and 1/5 of LC50) and LC50 was calculated as 0.44 mg L−1 using probit analysis. Blood samples were taken on days 2, 4, 8, 12, 21, 28, and 35. In general, significant effects for both concentration and duration of exposure were observed in treated fish. It was found that MN induction was highest on day 14 at 0.08 mg L−1 concentration of chlorpyrifos. It was concluded that chlorpyrifos is genotoxic pesticide causing nuclear anomalies in Cirrhinus mrigala.
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17
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Olvera-Néstor CG, Morales-Avila E, Gómez-Olivan LM, Galár-Martínez M, García-Medina S, Neri-Cruz N. Biomarkers of Cytotoxic, Genotoxic and Apoptotic Effects in Cyprinus carpio Exposed to Complex Mixture of Contaminants from Hospital Effluents. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2016; 96:326-332. [PMID: 26754545 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-015-1721-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Hospital wastewater is an important source of emerging contaminants. Recent studies emphasize the importance of assessing the effects of mixtures of contaminants rather than environmental risk of their individual components, as well as the determination of intrinsic toxicity of wastewater. Mixtures of pollutants has possible interactions that have notable environmental side effects. The aim of this study is an attempt to characterize biomarkers in Cyprinus carpio related to the exposure to a complex mixture of contaminants found in hospital wastewater. Results of a particular hospital effluent show the presence of traces of heavy metals, high chlorine concentration and emerging contaminants such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The LC50 was of 5.49 % at 96 h. The cytotoxic, genotoxic and apoptotic biomarkers increase when fishes were exposed to wastewater (1/10 CL50) from hospital wastewater. This study emphasizes the importance of identifying and quantifying the effects of contaminants as pharmaceuticals, disinfectants and surfactants in order to design and implement an ecotoxicological plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina G Olvera-Néstor
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Tollocan esq Paseo Colón S/N, C.P. 50120, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Enrique Morales-Avila
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Tollocan esq Paseo Colón S/N, C.P. 50120, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico.
| | - Leobardo M Gómez-Olivan
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Tollocan esq Paseo Colón S/N, C.P. 50120, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | | | - Sandra García-Medina
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Nadia Neri-Cruz
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Tollocan esq Paseo Colón S/N, C.P. 50120, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
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18
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Stankevičiūtė M, Butrimavičienė L, Valskienė R, Greiciūnaitė J, Baršienė J, Vosylienė MZ, Svecevičius G. Analysis of nuclear abnormalities in erythrocytes of rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) treated with Cu and Zn and after 4-, 8-, and 12-day depuration (post-treatment recovery). MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2016; 797:26-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Baesse CQ, Tolentino VCDM, da Silva AM, Silva ADA, Ferreira GÂ, Paniago LPM, Nepomuceno JC, de Melo C. Micronucleus as biomarker of genotoxicity in birds from Brazilian Cerrado. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 115:223-228. [PMID: 25706087 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Birds are considered efficient bioindicators, by their behavioral characteristics, diversified diet, and use of several vegetation layers, including in contaminated environments. The accumulation of contaminants can harm the reproductive process and survival of species, in addition to causing severe metabolic disorders. Air pollution can also affect the birds' health. Micronucleus analysis, a technique able to evaluate the organisms' sensitivity to contaminant agents, has been regarded as a practical tool for evaluating and monitoring the clastogenic and aneugenic effects caused by pollutants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of micronuclei in bird species that use forest environments and their surroundings; and to verify if the frequency and amount of micronuclei varies between species, areas and populations. Birds transiting between the Brazilian Cerrado forest and open formations were analyzed, coming from four forest fragments of Triângulo Mineiro, two close to urban areas and two more distant. Birds were captured with mist-nets for collecting blood extensions, which were used for counting micronuclei. In total, 103 individuals of 21 species were captured, and the micronucleus rate for every 5000 erythrocytes analyzed was 1.30. Only six populations had sampling sufficiency. There was no difference between the number of individuals with and without micronuclei (χ²=3.18, df=1, p=0.08). In areas closer to the urban perimeter, the micronuclei averages in birds were greater compared to the most isolated areas (H=27.534, df=3, p<0,001). In São José, the individuals of Myiothlypis flaveola presented a number of micronuclei significantly greater than the Galheiro and Água Fria (H=9.601, df=2, p=0.008). M. flaveola clearly reflected the area quality. The micronuclei analysis in birds was effective for evaluating the area quality as well as the intensity with which the birds respond to impacts caused by the surrounding matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Queiroz Baesse
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Department of Biology, Laboratory of Ornithology and Bioacoustic, Umuarama Campus, Rua Ceará, s/n, Bairro Umuarama, CEP 38400-902 Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Graduate Program in Ecology and Conservation of Natural Resources, Brazil.
| | - Vitor Carneiro de Magalhães Tolentino
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Department of Biology, Laboratory of Ornithology and Bioacoustic, Umuarama Campus, Rua Ceará, s/n, Bairro Umuarama, CEP 38400-902 Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Graduate Program in Ecology and Conservation of Natural Resources, Brazil
| | - Adriano Marcos da Silva
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Department of Biology, Laboratory of Ornithology and Bioacoustic, Umuarama Campus, Rua Ceará, s/n, Bairro Umuarama, CEP 38400-902 Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Graduate Program in Ecology and Conservation of Natural Resources, Brazil
| | - Arthur de Andrade Silva
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Department of Biology, Laboratory of Ornithology and Bioacoustic, Umuarama Campus, Rua Ceará, s/n, Bairro Umuarama, CEP 38400-902 Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Giancarlo Ângelo Ferreira
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Department of Biology, Laboratory of Ornithology and Bioacoustic, Umuarama Campus, Rua Ceará, s/n, Bairro Umuarama, CEP 38400-902 Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luís Pedro Mendes Paniago
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Department of Biology, Laboratory of Ornithology and Bioacoustic, Umuarama Campus, Rua Ceará, s/n, Bairro Umuarama, CEP 38400-902 Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Graduate Program in Ecology and Conservation of Natural Resources, Brazil
| | - Júlio César Nepomuceno
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Department of Biology, Laboratory of Ornithology and Bioacoustic, Umuarama Campus, Rua Ceará, s/n, Bairro Umuarama, CEP 38400-902 Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Brazil
| | - Celine de Melo
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Department of Biology, Laboratory of Ornithology and Bioacoustic, Umuarama Campus, Rua Ceará, s/n, Bairro Umuarama, CEP 38400-902 Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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20
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Anbumani S, Mohankumar MN. Cytogenotoxicity assessment of monocrotophos and butachlor at single and combined chronic exposures in the fish Catla catla (Hamilton). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:4964-4976. [PMID: 25378033 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3782-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cytogenotoxic effects in the form of micronuclei and deformed nucleus, nuclear buds, binucleated cells, vacuolated nucleus, vacuolated cytoplasm, echinocytes, and enucleus induced by two compounds belonging to two different chemical classes of agrochemicals (monocrotophos and butachlor) at sublethal concentrations (0.625, 1.3, and 2.3 ppm and 0.016, 0.032, and 0.064 ppm) in single and combined chronic exposures were studied under laboratory conditions for a period of 35 days in the economically important Indian fish Catla catla. Statistically significant duration-dependent increases in the frequencies of micronucleus (MN) and other cytological anomalies were observed. Compared to single exposures, a twofold increase in micronuclei frequency was noted at combined exposures indicating the synergistic phenomenon. Binucleated and enucleated cells appeared only in fishes exposed to sublethal concentrations of butachlor. The present study is the first of its kind in exploring a significant positive correlation between micronuclei and other nuclear anomalies suggesting them as new possible biomarkers of genotoxicity after agrochemical exposures. The study highlights the sensitivity of the assay in exploring various predictive biomarkers of genotoxic and cytotoxic events and also elicits the synergistic effects of agrochemicals in apparently healthy fishes. C. catla can be considered as a suitable aquatic biomonitoring sentinel species of contaminated water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Anbumani
- Radiological Safety Division, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR), Kalpakkam, Tamilnadu, 603102, India,
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Selvi M, Cavaş T, Cağlan Karasu Benli A, Koçak Memmi B, Cinkılıç N, Dinçel AS, Vatan O, Yılmaz D, Sarıkaya R, Zorlu T, Erkoç F. Sublethal toxicity of esbiothrin relationship with total antioxidant status and in vivo genotoxicity assessment in fish (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) using the micronucleus test and comet assay. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2013; 28:644-651. [PMID: 21913301 DOI: 10.1002/tox.20760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2011] [Revised: 07/07/2011] [Accepted: 07/10/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Esbiothrin, synthetic pyrethroid with quick activity against insects, is widely used against household pests and in public health. Despite widespread use, data on ecotoxicity and genotoxic effects are extremely scarce. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the genotoxic potential of esbiothrin on a model fish species Cyprinus carpio L., 1758 (Pisces: Cyprinidae, koi) using the micronucleus test and comet assay in peripheral blood erythrocytes. Effects of two sublethal exposure concentrations on plasma total antioxidant status (TAS mmol/L), and Hct values were examined. On the basis of the 96 h LC50 data from U.S. EPA ecotox database (32 μg/L) two sublethal exposure concentrations (5 and 10 μg/L) were used together with ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) (5 mg/L) as positive control. Five fish were used for each dose/duration group (24, 48, and 72 h) under controlled laboratory conditions. The fish showed behavioral changes at the higher dose. Plasma TAS (mmol/L) levels decreased in 24 h; an increase was observed slightly for 48 and obviously for 72 h in both exposure doses. Similarly, hematocrit (Hct) values differed between exposure duration but no significant differences in mean values were found between groups of the same exposure time. The general trend was a rise after 48 h, which decreased afterwards. Our results revealed significant increases in the frequencies of micronuclei and levels of DNA strand breaks and thus demonstrated the genotoxic potential of this pesticide on fish, a nontarget organism of the aquatic ecosystem. To our knowledge this is the first study to report observable genotoxic effects of esbiothrin on fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmut Selvi
- Department of Science Education, Gazi University, Teknikokullar, 06500, Ankara, Turkey
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Pimenta VMSD, da Silva JM, Nepomuceno JC, Pavanin LA. In situ assessment of the paraguay river water, in Brazilian Pantanal, by means of micronucleus assay with fish and chemical analysis. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2013; 90:427-433. [PMID: 23283532 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-012-0935-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to assess water quality in a stretch of the Paraguay River within the Brazilian Pantanal by means of a micronucleus assay with fish, and by water and sediment physicochemical analysis. Significant increases (p >0.05) in the frequency of micronuclei (MN) and micronucleated cells (MNC) occurred in erythrocytes of Pimelodus maculatus and Leporinus friderici at two river sites in the town of Caceres relative to an upstream reference site. The results demonstrate that the Paraguay River water near Caceres has been receiving genotoxic effluents, which may be associated with the presence of chromium, sulfides, oil and grease, and/or other chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vânia Maria Sartini Dutra Pimenta
- Institute of Natural and Technological Sciences, University of the State of Mato Grosso (UNEMAT), Nova Xavantina Campus, Br 158 km 635, Nova Xavantina, MT, 78690-000, Brazil
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Vera-Candioti J, Soloneski S, Larramendy ML. Evaluation of the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of glyphosate-based herbicides in the ten spotted live-bearer fish Cnesterodon decemmaculatus (Jenyns, 1842). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2013; 89:166-73. [PMID: 23273868 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Revised: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Mortality, genotoxicity, and cytotoxicity of the 48% glyphosate-based formulations Panzer and Credit(®) were evaluated on Cnesterodon decemmaculatus (Jenyns, 1842) (Pisces, Poeciliidae) under laboratory conditions. Induction of micronuclei (MN) and alterations in the erythrocytes:erythroblasts ratio were employed as end points for genotoxicity and cytotoxicity, respectively. For Panzer(®), mean values of 16.70 and 15.68 mg/L were determined for LC(50) at 24 and 96 h, respectively, and these concentrations reached mean values of 98.50 and 91.73 mg/L for Credit(®). LC(50) values decreased as a negative linear function of Panzer(®) exposure time within the 0-96 h period, but not for Credit(®). LC(50) values indicated that the fish were more sensitive to Panzer(®) than to Credit(®). Both 3.9 and 7.8 mg/L of Panzer(®) increased MN frequency at 48 and 96 h of treatment. When fish were exposed to Credit(®), an increased frequency of MN over control values was found after 96 h for all concentrations assayed, but not after 48 h. No cellular cytotoxicity was found after Panzer(®) and Credit(®) treatment, regardless of both the concentration and the sampling time. Furthermore, our results demonstrated that Panzer(®) and Credit(®) should be considered as glyphosate-based commercial formulations with genotoxic but not cytotoxic effect properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefina Vera-Candioti
- Cátedra de Citología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 64 N° 3, B1904AMA La Plata, Argentina
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Mohmood I, Mieiro CL, Coelho JP, Anjum NA, Ahmad I, Pereira E, Duarte AC, Pacheco M. Mercury-induced chromosomal damage in wild fish (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) reflecting aquatic contamination in contrasting seasons. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2012; 63:554-562. [PMID: 22968208 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-012-9799-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Ria de Aveiro (mainly Laranjo basin, Portugal) has been subjected to mercury contamination from a chlor-alkali plant, currently presenting a well-described mercury gradient. This study aimed to assess mercury genotoxicity in this area by measuring the frequency of erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities (ENA) in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), addressing the relation with total mercury concentration in the blood and the modulatory role of seasonal variables. Fish were collected, in warm and cold periods, at three locations differing in their distances to the main mercury source: reference (R), moderately (M), and highly (H) contaminated sites. Genotoxicity was detected in both degrees of contamination (M and H) and in both periods of the year (warm and cold), which is in line with the greater levels of mercury measured in fish blood. No significant seasonal variations were observed for mercury bioaccumulation or ENA frequency. The apparent low imperviousness of ENA frequency to seasonal factors reinforced its consistency as a genotoxicity biomarker, thus enabling a clearer identification of cause-and-effect relationships. Overall, the results reflected a serious environmental risk to native ichthyofauna at Laranjo basin due to mercury contamination, showing a potential of mercury to induce genetic damage in fish blood cells through clastogenic and/or aneugenic actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iram Mohmood
- Department of Chemistry and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Portugal
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Gül A, Benli AÇK, Ayhan A, Memmi BK, Selvi M, Sepici-Dinçel A, Cakiroğullari GÇ, Erkoç F. Sublethal propoxur toxicity to juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758): biochemical, hematological, histopathological, and genotoxicity effects. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2012; 31:2085-2092. [PMID: 22730006 DOI: 10.1002/etc.1924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2011] [Revised: 10/05/2011] [Accepted: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The sublethal toxicological and genotoxic potential of propoxur, a widely used carbamate insecticide against household pests, in veterinary medicine, and in public health, was evaluated on carp as a model species (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) using the erythrocyte micronucleus test. Based on the 96-h lethal concentration, 50% (LC50) data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ECOTOX Database (10 mg/L), a sublethal exposure concentration of 5 mg/L was used under static bioassay laboratory conditions. Histopathological evaluation showed no significant changes in spleen, intestine, muscle, or skin tissues. However, the following conditions were recorded: hyperemia, branchitis in primary lamella, and telangiectasis, hyperplasia, fusion, epithelial lifting, and epithelial desquamation in secondary lamella of gill tissues; hemorrhage, destruction, prenephritis, and inflammation and desquamation in the tubules; edema in the kidney; passive hyperemia, albumin, and hydropic degeneration in the liver; and hyperemia, chromatolysis, and glial proliferation in brain tissues. No statistically significant increases in micronuclei frequencies were found. Hematological parameters showed decreased hematocrit values and mean corpuscular volume values, as well as increased erythrocyte and leukocyte counts compared with the control group (p < 0.01). Plasma glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, phosphorus, sodium, total plasma protein, chloride, and aspartate aminotransferase levels were increased (p < 0.01). Only plasma calcium and potassium levels decreased in the experimental group. Propoxur has an ecotoxicological potential on fish, a nontarget organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Gül
- Department of Biology Education, Gazi University, Teknikokullar, Ankara, Turkey
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Vicari T, Ferraro MVM, Ramsdorf WA, Mela M, de Oliveira Ribeiro CA, Cestari MM. Genotoxic evaluation of different doses of methylmercury (CH₃Hg⁺) in Hoplias malabaricus. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2012; 82:47-55. [PMID: 22682032 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2011] [Revised: 04/28/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The survey of the effects of toxic metals and its organic compounds are of critical importance because these compounds tend to accumulate in aquatic environments. In the present work, the genotoxic potential of methylmercury, an organomercurial compound with high toxicity and present in large amounts in fish of the Amazon due to the mining process, was evaluated using the piscine micronucleus test and comet assay in fish. Specimens of Hoplias malabaricus (popularly known as traira), a neotropical specie, was exposed to methylmercury via food web, over 70 days, in two different concentrations: two groups of fifteen fish were tested with 0.075 μg CH(3)Hg(+)/g and 0.75 μg CH(3)Hg(+)/g of methylmercury per gram of fish, at 5-day intervals and over 14 successive intervals whereas control group, composed by nine fish, was fed by uncontaminated prey fish (Astyanax sp). One of the aims of this study was to reproduce the contamination found in nature in an attempt to increase our biological knowledge on the neotropical species. Hoplias malabaricus specimens were then anesthetized for removal of blood samples and dissected, for cephalic kidney removal. As a result, it was observed that the piscine micronucleus test showed no significant differences between exposed groups and control group. The comet assay performed on erythrocyte system cells, showed a significant difference between controls and contaminated, but there was no difference between doses. In contrast, the kidney cells comet assay showed no significant difference between groups, probably due to the type of damage caused by xenobiotics to be related to the tissues of most contact with it, as well as its mode of action and the chain of bioaccumulation within bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taynah Vicari
- Departamento de Genética, Laboratório de Mutagênese Ambiental, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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Baršienė J, Dedonytė V, Rybakovas A, Broeg K, Forlin L, Gercken J, Kopecka J, Balk L. Environmental Mutagenesis in Different Zones of the Baltic Sea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/13921657.2005.10512380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janina Baršienė
- a Institute of Ecology of Vilnius University , Akademijos 2, LT-08412 , Vilnius-21 , Lithuania
| | - Veronika Dedonytė
- b Department of Botany and Genetics , Vilnius University , Čiurlionio 21, LT-03101 , Vilnius , Lithuania
| | - Aleksandras Rybakovas
- a Institute of Ecology of Vilnius University , Akademijos 2, LT-08412 , Vilnius-21 , Lithuania
| | - Katja Broeg
- c Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research , Am Handelsshafen 12, 27570 , Bremerhaven , Germany
| | - Lars Forlin
- d Göteborg University , Box 463, SE 405 30 , Göteborg , Sweden
| | - Jens Gercken
- e Institute of Applied Ecology , Alte Dorfstrasse 11, D-18184 , Broderstorf , Germany
| | | | - Lennart Balk
- g Institute of Applied Environmental Research , Stockholm University , SE-106 91 , Stockholm , Sweden
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Environmental Genotoxicity Studies in Mussels and Fish from the Göteborg Area of the North Sea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.2478/v10043-008-0032-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Andreikėnaitė L, Baršienė J, Vosylienė MZ. STUDIES OF MICRONUCLEI AND OTHER NUCLEAR ABNORMALITIES IN BLOOD OF RAINBOW TROUT (ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS) TREATED WITH HEAVY METAL MIXTURE AND ROAD MAINTENANCE SALTS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/13921657.2007.10512834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Andreikėnaitė
- a Institute of Ecology of Vilnius University , Akademijos 2, LT-08412 , Vilnius-21 , Lithuania
| | - Janina Baršienė
- a Institute of Ecology of Vilnius University , Akademijos 2, LT-08412 , Vilnius-21 , Lithuania
| | - Milda Zita Vosylienė
- a Institute of Ecology of Vilnius University , Akademijos 2, LT-08412 , Vilnius-21 , Lithuania
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Induction of micronuclei and nuclear abnormalities in erythrocytes of mosquito fish (Gambusia affinis) following exposure to the pyrethroid insecticide lambda-cyhalothrin. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2011; 726:104-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2011.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2010] [Revised: 02/03/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Monteiro V, Cavalcante DGSM, Viléla MBFA, Sofia SH, Martinez CBR. In vivo and in vitro exposures for the evaluation of the genotoxic effects of lead on the Neotropical freshwater fish Prochilodus lineatus. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2011; 104:291-298. [PMID: 21652016 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2011.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2010] [Revised: 04/27/2011] [Accepted: 05/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, in vivo and in vitro exposures were used to assess the genotoxicity of lead (Pb) to the freshwater fish Prochilodus lineatus. The comet assay using blood, liver and gill cells, and the occurrence of micronuclei (MN) and other erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities (ENA) were used to assess the genotoxic potential of lead in vivo. Metallothionein content (MT) was measured in fish liver in order to evaluate the protection of fish against Pb toxicity. Fish erythrocytes were exposed to Pb in vitro (1, 3 and 6 h) and the number of viable cells, DNA integrity, using the comet assay, and lysosomal membrane stability, measured by the neutral red retention assay (NRRA) were analyzed. The results of the comet assay after in vivo toxicity tests (6, 24 and 96 h) showed that Pb was genotoxic for all the three tissues analyzed after 96 h exposure. A significant increase in liver MT content was observed after 6 and 24 h of Pb exposure. MN frequency did not increase after Pb exposures, but the frequency of the other ENA, such as kidney-shaped nuclei, segmented nuclei and lobed nuclei, showed a significant increase after 24 and 96 h, indicating that ENA is a better biomarker for Pb exposure than MN alone after short-term exposures. The results of the comet assay performed with erythrocytes in vitro exposed to lead confirmed its genotoxic effect and showed that DNA damage increased with increasing exposure time. Moreover, the NRRA clearly indicated that Pb induces a destabilization of the lysosomal membrane. These results demonstrate the potential genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of lead after acute exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Monteiro
- Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Londrina State University, PB 6001, 86051-990 Londrina, PR, Brazil
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Ahmed MK, Habibullah-Al-Mamun M, Hossain MA, Arif M, Parvin E, Akter MS, Khan MS, Islam MM. Assessing the genotoxic potentials of arsenic in tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) using alkaline comet assay and micronucleus test. CHEMOSPHERE 2011; 84:143-149. [PMID: 21382637 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2010] [Revised: 02/03/2011] [Accepted: 02/11/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to study the genotoxic potentials of sodium arsenite (NaAsO(2)) in freshwater fish Oreochromis mossambicus by using alkaline comet assay and micronucleus (MN) test. Fish were exposed to three different concentrations (3 ppm, 28 ppm and 56 ppm) of arsenic and gill, liver and blood tissue samples were collected after 48 h, 96 h and 192 h of exposure. Arsenic exposure induced DNA damage in all tissues examined in a concentration dependent manner. A significant (p<0.05) increase in the comet tail DNA (%) of the exposed fish liver, gill, and blood was observed after 48 h and 96 h of exposure, but a decline in DNA damage was recorded in all the tissues at all the three concentrations studied after 192 h of exposure. Liver tissue exhibited significantly (p<0.05) higher DNA damage at all the concentrations examined, followed by gill and blood. Higher liver tail DNA (51.38 ± 0.21%) refers that it is more prone to injury to arsenic toxicity than the gill and blood. In blood samples arsenic induced micronucleus formation in a concentration dependent manner and highest (5.8 ± 0.46%) value was recorded in 56 ppm after 96 h of exposure, whereas, it was decreased after 192 h of exposure at all the three concentrations of NaAsO(2) examined which refers to the DNA repairing ability of fish to arsenic toxicity. The results of this study depict the genotoxic potentials of arsenic to fish which in turns provide insight on advanced study in aquatic toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Kawser Ahmed
- Department of Fisheries, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.
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Mekhtiev AA, Palatnikov GM, Movsum-zadeh SK, Kasimov RY. A rise of mutation level in tissues of monkey goby and sturgeon fry under conditions of block by antibodies to the serotonin-modulated anticonsolidation protein. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093010050038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Pereira CSA, Guilherme SIAG, Barroso CMM, Verschaeve L, Pacheco MGG, Mendo SALV. Evaluation of DNA damage induced by environmental exposure to mercury in Liza aurata using the comet assay. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2010; 58:112-122. [PMID: 19458991 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-009-9330-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2008] [Accepted: 04/27/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is one of the major aquatic contaminants even though emissions have been reduced over the years. Despite the relative abundance of investigations carried out on Hg toxicity, there is a scarcity of studies on its DNA damaging effects in fish under realistic exposure conditions. This study assessed the Hg genotoxicity in Golden grey mullets (Liza aurata) at Laranjo basin, a particularly contaminated area of Ria de Aveiro (Portugal) well known for its Hg contamination gradient. (1) Fish were seasonally caught at Laranjo basin and at a reference site (S. Jacinto), and (2) animals from the reference site were transplanted and caged (at bottom and surface), for 3 days, in two different locations within Laranjo basin. Using the comet assay, blood was analyzed for genetic damage and apoptotic cell frequency. The seasonal survey showed greater DNA damage in the Hg-contaminated area for all sampling seasons excluding winter. The temporal variation pattern of DNA lesions was: summer approximately autumn > winter > spring. Fish caged at Laranjo also exhibited greater DNA damage than those caged at the reference site, highlighting the importance of gill uptake on the toxicity of this metal. No increased susceptibility to apoptosis was detected in either wild or caged fish, indicating that mercury damages DNA of blood cells by a nonapoptotic mechanism. Both L. aurata and the comet assay proved to be sensitive and suitable for genotoxicity biomonitoring in mercury-contaminated coastal systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Sofia Alves Pereira
- CESAM & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Osman A, Ali E, Hashem M, Mostafa M, Mekkawy I. Genotoxicity of two pathogenic strains of zoosporic fungi (Achlya klebsiana and Aphanomyces laevis) on erythrocytes of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus niloticus. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2010; 73:24-31. [PMID: 19811832 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2009.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2009] [Revised: 05/10/2009] [Accepted: 08/29/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In the present work we have described the genotoxic potential of two pathogenic strains of zoosporic fungi (Achlya klebsiana and Aphanomyces laevis) on erythrocytes of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus niloticus for the first time by three complementary tests: micronucleus test (MN), nuclear lesions (NL) and comet assay (CA). The groups exposed to the zoosporic fungi subjected to the MN and NL test showed statistically significant differences in MN and NL frequencies with respect to the control one. Also, a significant increase (p<0.001) in micronuclei and nuclear lesions frequencies were recorded with the increase in exposure time. A correlation was observed between the frequencies of MN and NL, suggesting the importance for recording this anomaly in order to improve the information obtained with the MN test. Therefore, our results suggest that the nuclear lesions found here should be considered indicators of genotoxicity, in addition to the typical micronuclei forms. The result of the comet assay showed a significant difference in the percentages of the damaged DNA in the comet tail (%TDNA) of the treated groups comparing to the control. A significant (p<0.001) increase in the DNA damage of the treated groups with the increase in exposure time was recorded, confirming the results of the MN and the NL tests. The results of the current study will be useful for future work involving the biomonitoring of regions where Nile tilapia survive. These data allow us to consider O. niloticus niloticus as a good bioindicator of the effects of genotoxic agents that might be present in the aquatic habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Osman
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Assiut Branch), 71524 Assiut, Egypt.
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Yadav KK, Trivedi SP. Sublethal exposure of heavy metals induces micronuclei in fish, Channa punctata. CHEMOSPHERE 2009; 77:1495-1500. [PMID: 19880156 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2009] [Revised: 10/06/2009] [Accepted: 10/09/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Present studies were designed to evaluate toxic potential of three common heavy metals, adequately present in agro-industrial effluents, viz. mercury, arsenic and copper using in vivo micronucleus assay in an actinopterygiian fish, Channa punctata (2n=32). Ten days laboratory acclimatized fishes were divided into five groups. Groups I and II served as negative and positive controls, respectively and fishes of group III-V were subjected uninterrupted to sublethal concentrations (10% of 96 h LC50) of heavy metal compounds, HgCl2 (0.081 mg L(-1)), As2O3 (6.936 mg L(-1)) and CuSO(4).5H2O (0.407 mg L(-1)) for 24, 48, 72, 96 and 168 h of exposure periods. Significant increase over and above negative control in the frequency of micronuclei was observed in fishes exposed to metal compounds. The average frequency of micronuclei in fishes exposed to Hg(II), As(III) and Cu(II) observed was 9.79, 12.03 and 8.86, respectively. It reveals that the order of induction of micronuclei frequency and toxicity was As>Hg>Cu. Findings depict genotoxic potential of these metal compounds even in sublethal concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamlesh K Yadav
- Environmental Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, UP, India
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Napierska D, Barsiene J, Mulkiewicz E, Podolska M, Rybakovas A. Biomarker responses in flounder Platichthys flesus from the Polish coastal area of the Baltic Sea and applications in biomonitoring. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2009; 18:846-859. [PMID: 19495964 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-009-0328-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2008] [Accepted: 05/16/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the pattern of enzymatic activities, environmental genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in flounder, Platichthys flesus, from the Polish coastal area of the Baltic Sea. Fish were sampled in different contaminated sites in the Gulf of Gdansk and in a reference area outside the gulf. The activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), glutathione S: -transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), were studied, as well as the frequency of micronuclei, nuclear buds and fragmented-apoptotic cells. A higher mean activity level of muscular AChE and a lower activity level of hepatic GST were evident in samples taken from the reference site, relative to those found in the gulf. Modeled CAT activity (in both liver and gill tissue), blood plasma LDH and CK activities were all significantly higher in flounder collected at locations within the Gulf of Gdansk than at the reference site. No statistically significant alterations were observed in the activities of ALT and AST in the blood plasma of flounder in this study. Fish collected from a location at the mouth of the Vistula River showed the highest hepatic GST and CAT, the highest gill CAT activity, and the highest frequency of blood micronuclei, nuclear buds and fragmented-apoptotic cell inductions, as well as the lowest level of blood plasma CK. The present study confirms that compared to fish from the reference area, flounder from the Gulf of Gdansk clearly demonstrate a different enzyme activity, genotoxicity and cytotoxicity biomarker response pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Napierska
- Department of Fishery Oceanography and Marine Ecology, Sea Fisheries Institute, ul. Kollataja 1, 81-332, Gdynia, Poland.
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Genotoxic and cytotoxic effects in the bivalve mollusks Macoma balthica and Mytilus edulis from the Baltic Sea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.2478/v10055-008-0009-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Guilherme S, Válega M, Pereira ME, Santos MA, Pacheco M. Erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities in wild and caged fish (Liza aurata) along an environmental mercury contamination gradient. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2008; 70:411-421. [PMID: 17920119 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2007] [Revised: 08/01/2007] [Accepted: 08/22/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Laranjo basin (Aveiro, Portugal) has been subjected to mercury contamination from a chlor-alkali plant, presenting a well-described mercury gradient. This study aims the assessment of mercury genotoxicity in this area by measuring erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities (ENA) frequency in the mullet Liza aurata, and its relation with total mercury concentration (Hg(t)) in blood. Wild fish were seasonally analysed, and, complementarily, fish were caged for 3 days at three locations differing on their distances to the mercury source. The results from Laranjo were compared with those from a reference area (S. Jacinto). Wild fish from Laranjo showed elevated ENA frequency in summer and autumn in concomitance with increased blood Hg(t). Surprisingly, no ENA induction was found in winter, despite the highest blood Hg(t), which may be explained by haematological dynamics alterations, as supported by a decreased immature erythrocytes frequency. Caged fish displayed ENA induction only at the closest site to the contamination source, also showing a correlation with blood Hg(t).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Guilherme
- CESAM and Biology Department, Aveiro University, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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41
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Huang D, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Xie Z, Ji W. Assessment of the genotoxicity in toad Bufo raddei exposed to petrochemical contaminants in Lanzhou Region, China. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2007; 629:81-8. [PMID: 17344091 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2007.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2006] [Revised: 12/20/2006] [Accepted: 01/16/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Single cell gel electrophoresis or comet assay, micronucleus (MN) test and global DNA methylation detection were used to assess the genotoxicity in toad Bufo raddei exposed to the petrochemical (mainly oil and phenol) polluted area in Lanzhou Region (LZR) comparing with a relatively unpolluted area in Liujiaxia Region (LJXR). The results from the present study indicated that DNA damage and MN frequency in toad from LZR were significantly higher than those from LJXR at the same sampling month, whereas the degree of global DNA methylation was lower, which implies that the petrochemical contaminants at environmental level in LZR were genotoxic to B. raddei. The degree of genotoxic damage was obviously related with the extent of pollution among the three sampling months in LZR. The significantly positive correlations between DNA damage and concentrations of oil and/or phenol existed in liver cells but erythrocytes, implying that liver is more suitable as a sentinel tissue for the assessment of genotoxic impact of low-level contamination. The results from both comet assay and global DNA methylation detection on liver cells showed that the genotoxicity varied significantly with oil and/or phenol concentrations, suggesting that these two methods are relatively sensitive and suitable for monitoring the genotoxicity of petrochemical pollutants on amphibians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejun Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
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Bolognesi C, Perrone E, Roggieri P, Pampanin DM, Sciutto A. Assessment of micronuclei induction in peripheral erythrocytes of fish exposed to xenobiotics under controlled conditions. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2006; 78 Suppl 1:S93-8. [PMID: 16600396 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2006.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to standardize and to assess the predictive value of the cytogenetic analysis by MN test in fish erythrocytes as a biomarker for marine environmental contamination. MN frequency baseline in erythrocytes was evaluated in a number of fish species from a reference area (S. Teresa, La Spezia Gulf) and genotoxic potential of a number of common chemical contaminants and mixtures was determined in fish experimentally exposed in aquarium under controlled conditions. Fish (Scophthalmus maximus) were exposed for 3 weeks to 50 ppb of single chemicals (dialkyl phthalate, bisphenol A, tetrabromodiphenyl ether), 30 ppb nonylphenol and mixtures (North Sea oil and North Sea oil with alkylated phenols). Chromosomal damage was determined as micronuclei (MN) frequency in fish erythrocytes. Nuclear anomalies such as blebbed, notched and lobed nuclei were also recorded. Significant increase in MN frequency was observed in erythrocytes of fish exposed to bisphenol A and tetrabromodiphenylether. Chemical mixture North Sea oil+alkylated phenols induced the highest MN frequency (2.95 micronucleated cells/1000 cells compared to 1 MNcell/1000 cells in control animals). The study results revealed that micronucleus test, as an index of cumulative exposure, appears to be a sensitive model to evaluate genotoxic compounds in fish under controlled conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Bolognesi
- Environmental Carcinogenesis Unit, National Institute for Research on Cancer, L.go Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
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Pantaleão SDM, Alcântara AV, Alves JDPH, Spanó MA. The piscine micronucleus test to assess the impact of pollution on the Japaratuba river in Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2006; 47:219-24. [PMID: 16388529 DOI: 10.1002/em.20188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In situ investigations of the effects of mutagenic pollutants (environmental monitoring) have increasingly used bioindicators, and fish often have been used in these studies as sentinel organisms. In the present study, we have used the piscine micronucleus test (MNT) as an in situ biological indicator of chemical contamination in two fresh water fish species (Astyanax bimaculatus and Hoplias malabaricus). The fish were collected from two sites (Sites 1 and 2) in the Japaratuba River (Sergipe, Brazil), in an area impacted by a petrochemical industrial complex which indirectly contributes treated effluent (produced water) to the river. Responses in fish from these sites were compared to fish from a clean reference site (Jacarecica River - Sergipe, Brazil). The results indicated an enhanced frequency of micronuclei (MN) in peripheral red blood cells of A. bimaculatus collected at Sites 1 and 2 when compared to their respective negative control (A. bimaculatus collected from the Jacarecica River). H. malabaricus collected at Sites 1 and 2 did not have a significant increase in MN. The results of this study indicate that the piscine MNT is a useful in vivo technique for the detection of chemical contaminants in the aquatic environment and that the assay shows potential for in situ monitoring of water quality. Nevertheless, the results also demonstrated differential sensitivity of A. bimaculatus and H. malabaricus to the induction of MN.
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Koca YB, Koca S, Yildiz S, Gürcü B, Osanç E, Tunçbaş O, Aksoy G. Investigation of histopathological and cytogenetic effects on Lepomis gibbosus (Pisces: Perciformes) in the Cine stream (Aydin/Turkey) with determination of water pollution. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2005; 20:560-71. [PMID: 16302173 DOI: 10.1002/tox.20145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Water quality and the distribution of some heavy metals in three different organs of Lepomis gibbosus from the Cine Stream were studied. Also, histopathological changes in gill, liver, and muscle tissue were examined at light microscopical level. Micronucleus (MN) formation in fish erytrocytes, as an indicator of chromosomal damage, has been increasingly used to detect the genotoxic potential of environmental contaminants. The frequency of MN was examined from samples of fish from the Cine Stream and a control group. MN frequency was higher in fish samples caught from the Cine Stream than that in the control group. The chemicals ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, orthophosphate, and sulphate were determined as parameters that possibly affect the gill, liver, and muscle morphology. Zn was the most accumulated metal in tissues as well as in water. Maximum metal accumulation occurred in both liver and gills. For histopathological examinations, samples of gills, liver, and muscle tissues of L. gibbosus were studied by using light microscopy. In this study, a significant decrease in mean length of primary and secondary lamellae were observed. Moreover, cellular proliferation developed with secondary lamellae fusion, ballooning degenerations or club deformation of secondary lamellae, as well as distribution of necrotic, hyperplastic and clavate secondary lamellae. In the liver, altered staining, swollen and ruptured parenchymal cells, loss of cord structure, reduce of glycogen in hepatocytes, and vacuolar structure filled with cellular debris and many dark particles were seen. In muscle tissue, focal necrosis, cellular dissolution, and a decline or loss of striation in muscle fibres were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yücel Başimoğlu Koca
- Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Science and Arts, Department of Biology, Aydin, Turkey.
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Gustavino B, Buschini A, Monfrinotti M, Rizzoni M, Tancioni L, Poli P, Rossi C. Modulating effects of humic acids on genotoxicity induced by water disinfectants in Cyprinus carpio. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2005; 587:103-13. [PMID: 16202643 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2005.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2005] [Revised: 08/03/2005] [Accepted: 08/08/2005] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The use of chlorinated disinfectants during drinking-water production has been shown to generate halogenated compounds as a result of interactions of humic acids with chlorine. Such chlorinated by-products have been shown to induce genotoxic effects and consumption of chlorinated drinking-water has been correlated with increased risk for cancer induction in human populations. The aim of this work was to test the potential genotoxic effects on circulating erythrocytes of the fish Cyprinus carpio exposed in vivo to well-waters disinfected with sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), chlorine dioxide (ClO2) or peracetic acid (CH3COO2H, PAA), in the absence or presence of standard humic acids (HA). The effects were measured by use of the micronucleus (MN) and the single-cell gel electrophoresis (Comet) assays at different sampling times after a 3-day exposure period. The exposure to chlorine disinfectants without the addition of HA produced a clear toxic effect. Significant cytogenetic damage (i.e. MN induction) was detected in fish populations exposed to both NaClO and ClO2 with humic acids. In the Comet assay, a significant decrease of DNA migration was observed in erythrocytes of specimens after exposure to NaClO-disinfected water without HA. No effects were observed in any other experimental condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Gustavino
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy.
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Matson CW, Palatnikov G, Islamzadeh A, McDonald TJ, Autenrieth RL, Donnelly KC, Bickham JW. Chromosomal damage in two species of aquatic turtles (Emys orbicularis and Mauremys caspica) inhabiting contaminated sites in Azerbaijan. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2005; 14:513-25. [PMID: 16220359 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-005-0001-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2004] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The Caspian region and specifically the Apsheron peninsula of Azerbaijan are known to be polluted with a variety of environmental contaminants. These complex mixtures of contaminants make risk assessment difficult. We used the flow cytometry method (FCM) and the micronucleus assay (MN) to assess chromosomal damage in aquatic turtles (Emys orbicularis, the European pond turtle; and Mauremys caspica, the Caspian turtle) inhabiting contaminated wetlands in Azerbaijan. Evidence of genetic damage was found for two sites, Neftchala and Sumgayit, relative to a reference site, Ali Bairamly. Sediment samples from each site were analyzed for PAHs and mercury to evaluate potential contaminant associations with genetic damage. A significant positive correlation was documented between three-ring PAH sediment concentrations and FCM estimates of chromosomal damage in E. orbicularis. These data combine to show that the contaminated wetlands in Sumgayit and Neftchala are genotoxic and that three-ring PAHs are likely a significant influence on observed genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cole W Matson
- Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX, 77843-2258, USA.
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Cavaş T, Ergene-Gözükara S. Micronucleus test in fish cells: a bioassay for in situ monitoring of genotoxic pollution in the marine environment. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2005; 46:64-70. [PMID: 15880416 DOI: 10.1002/em.20130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the use of native fish species for assessing genotoxic pollution in the marine environment, micronucleus (MN) analysis was performed in peripheral blood erythrocytes and gill cells of the grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) from three sampling stations off the southeastern Mediterranean coast of Turkey. The frequencies of blebbed, notched, and lobed nuclei and binucleated cells also were evaluated in peripheral erythrocytes. The sampling sites were chosen on the basis of pollution levels; Karaduvar harbor, contaminated by different types of industrial effluents, and Mersin harbor, mainly contaminated by aromatic hydrocarbons, were selected as polluted areas. Erdemli harbor, a relatively unpolluted site, was used as the control area. Sampling was carried out at four different seasons. The frequencies of both micronuclei and other nuclear abnormalities (NAs) in mullets captured from polluted areas were significantly higher than those in mullets from the reference area. In general, gill cells had considerably higher MN frequencies than did erythrocytes, and genotoxic responses were higher in summer than in winter. The results of this study indicate that the MN test in fish is a suitable biomarker for in situ monitoring of genotoxic pollution in the marine environment. As demonstrated in this study, NAs other than micronuclei are also useful indices of chemical exposure and toxic responses. Therefore, measuring both micronuclei and NAs may increase the sensitivity of the test system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tolga Cavaş
- Faculty of Sciences and Letters, Department of Biology, Mersin University, 33342-Mersin, Turkey.
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Porto JIR, Araujo CSO, Feldberg E. Mutagenic effects of mercury pollution as revealed by micronucleus test on three Amazonian fish species. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2005; 97:287-292. [PMID: 15589237 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2004.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2003] [Revised: 04/07/2004] [Accepted: 04/12/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Genotoxic effect of mercury pollution over Amazonian fish species was evaluated by using the micronucleus test (MNT). Distinct mean frequencies of micronuclei (MN) were observed in three trophically distinct characin fish species collected in two riverine environments in the Amazon Basin: the Madeira (polluted area) and the Solimões (unpolluted area) rivers. Mean frequencies of MN observed in Prochilodus nigricans (detritivore), Mylossoma duriventris (omnivore), and Hoplias malabaricus (piscivore) from the Madeira River were significantly higher compared to the frequencies from the same species from the Solimões River. In addition, mean frequencies of MN from piscivore species were almost fivefold higher than the detritivore and/or omnivore species. We conclude that MNT in fish erythrocytes may be useful for indicating genotoxity of mercury in Amazon rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge I R Porto
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Coordenação de Pesquisas em Biologia Aquática, Cx. Postal 478, Manaus AM 69011-970, Brazil.
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Russo C, Rocco L, Morescalchi MA, Stingo V. Assessment of environmental stress by the micronucleus test and the Comet assay on the genome of teleost populations from two natural environments. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2004; 57:168-174. [PMID: 14759663 DOI: 10.1016/s0147-6513(03)00027-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2002] [Accepted: 02/10/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present paper was to assess the biological damage caused by exposure of the test organism (Gambusia holbrooki: Cyprinodontiformes, Poecilidae) to various mutagenic agents present in the polluted waters of the Sarno River. For this purpose, we performed a micronuclei (MN) test and single cell gel electrophoresis (the Comet assay), testing DNA migration in an electrophoretic field using erythrocytes of G. holbrooki specimens both from the Sarno River and from the waters of the crater of the Astroni natural reserve as negative controls. The results indicate statistically higher values for both MN and DNA migration in the samples from the Sarno River compared with those from Astroni and point to a strong genotoxic action of the mixture of pollutants present in the Sarno River. These data were compared with the values found in the G. holbrooki specimens from the Sarno River kept under laboratory conditions for 100 days in clean water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Consiglia Russo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, via Vivaldi 43, Caserta 81100, Italy. consiglia.russo@@unina2.it
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50
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Buschini A, Martino A, Gustavino B, Monfrinotti M, Poli P, Rossi C, Santoro M, Dörr AJM, Rizzoni M. Comet assay and micronucleus test in circulating erythrocytes of Cyprinus carpio specimens exposed in situ to lake waters treated with disinfectants for potabilization. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2004; 557:119-29. [PMID: 14729366 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2003.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The detection of a possible genotoxic effect of surface water treated with disinfectants for potabilization is the aim of the present work. The Comet assay and the micronucleus test were applied in circulating erythrocytes of Cyprinus carpio. Young specimens (20-30 g) were exposed in experimental basins, built within the potabilization plant of Castiglione del Lago (Perugia, Italy). In this plant the water of the Trasimeno Lake is treated and disinfected for potabilization before it is distributed to the people in the net of drinkable water. A continuous flow of water at a constant rate was supplied to basins; the water was continuously treated at a constant concentration with one of the three tested disinfectants (sodium hypochlorite, peracetic acid and chloride dioxide), one control basin being supplied with untreated water. Three sampling campaigns were performed: October 2000, February 2001 and June 2001. Repeated blood samplings through intracardiac punctures allowed to follow the same fish populations after different exposure times: before introduction of the disinfectant, and 10 or 20 days afterwards. An additional blood sampling was performed 3 h after addition of the disinfectant in other, simultaneously exposed, fish populations. Genotoxic damage was shown in fish exposed to water disinfected with sodium hypochlorite and chloride dioxide. The Comet assay showed an immediate response, i.e. DNA damage that was induced directly in circulating erythrocytes, whereas micronuclei reached their highest frequencies at later sampling times, when a genotoxic damage in stem cells of the cephalic kidney is expressed in circulating erythrocytes. The quality of the untreated surface water seems to be the most important parameter for the long-term DNA damage in circulating erythrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Buschini
- Dipartimento di Genetica Antropologia Evoluzione, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy
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