1
|
Sun Y, Xiao Z, Chen B, Zhao Y, Dai J. Advances in Material-Assisted Electromagnetic Neural Stimulation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2400346. [PMID: 38594598 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202400346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Bioelectricity plays a crucial role in organisms, being closely connected to neural activity and physiological processes. Disruptions in the nervous system can lead to chaotic ionic currents at the injured site, causing disturbances in the local cellular microenvironment, impairing biological pathways, and resulting in a loss of neural functions. Electromagnetic stimulation has the ability to generate internal currents, which can be utilized to counter tissue damage and aid in the restoration of movement in paralyzed limbs. By incorporating implanted materials, electromagnetic stimulation can be targeted more accurately, thereby significantly improving the effectiveness and safety of such interventions. Currently, there have been significant advancements in the development of numerous promising electromagnetic stimulation strategies with diverse materials. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the fundamental theories, neural stimulation modulating materials, material application strategies, and pre-clinical therapeutic effects associated with electromagnetic stimulation for neural repair. It offers a thorough analysis of current techniques that employ materials to enhance electromagnetic stimulation, as well as potential therapeutic strategies for future applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhifeng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Bing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yannan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jianwu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang C, Chen T, Ying Y, Wu J. Detection of Dopamine Based on Aptamer-Modified Graphene Microelectrode. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:2934. [PMID: 38733043 PMCID: PMC11086122 DOI: 10.3390/s24092934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, a novel aptamer-modified nitrogen-doped graphene microelectrode (Apt-Au-N-RGOF) was fabricated and used to specifically identify and detect dopamine (DA). During the synthetic process, gold nanoparticles were loaded onto the active sites of nitrogen-doped graphene fibers. Then, aptamers were modified on the microelectrode depending on Au-S bonds to prepare Apt-Au-N-RGOF. The prepared microelectrode can specifically identify DA, avoiding interference with other molecules and improving its selectivity. Compared with the N-RGOF microelectrode, the Apt-Au-N-RGOF microelectrode exhibited higher sensitivity, a lower detection limit (0.5 μM), and a wider linear range (1~100 μM) and could be applied in electrochemical analysis fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jing Wu
- School of Science, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; (C.Z.); (T.C.); (Y.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Manoharan AK, Batcha MIK, Mahalingam S, Raj B, Kim J. Recent Advances in Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials for Healthcare Monitoring. ACS Sens 2024; 9:1706-1734. [PMID: 38563358 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The development of advanced technologies for the fabrication of functional nanomaterials, nanostructures, and devices has facilitated the development of biosensors for analyses. Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, with unique hierarchical structures, a high surface area, and the ability to be functionalized for target detection at the surface, exhibit high potential for biosensing applications. The electronic properties, mechanical flexibility, and optical, electrochemical, and physical properties of 2D nanomaterials can be easily modulated, enabling the construction of biosensing platforms for the detection of various analytes with targeted recognition, sensitivity, and selectivity. This review provides an overview of the recent advances in 2D nanomaterials and nanostructures used for biosensor and wearable-sensor development for healthcare and health-monitoring applications. Finally, the advantages of 2D-nanomaterial-based devices and several challenges in their optimal operation have been discussed to facilitate the development of smart high-performance biosensors in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Manoharan
- Department of Electrical, Electronics and Communication Engineering, School of Technology, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management (GITAM), Bengaluru 561203, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohamed Ismail Kamal Batcha
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Agni College of Technology, Chennai 600130, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shanmugam Mahalingam
- Department of Materials System Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Balwinder Raj
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology Jalandhar, Punjab 144011, India
| | - Junghwan Kim
- Department of Materials System Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Viana D, Walston ST, Masvidal-Codina E, Illa X, Rodríguez-Meana B, Del Valle J, Hayward A, Dodd A, Loret T, Prats-Alfonso E, de la Oliva N, Palma M, Del Corro E, Del Pilar Bernicola M, Rodríguez-Lucas E, Gener T, de la Cruz JM, Torres-Miranda M, Duvan FT, Ria N, Sperling J, Martí-Sánchez S, Spadaro MC, Hébert C, Savage S, Arbiol J, Guimerà-Brunet A, Puig MV, Yvert B, Navarro X, Kostarelos K, Garrido JA. Nanoporous graphene-based thin-film microelectrodes for in vivo high-resolution neural recording and stimulation. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 19:514-523. [PMID: 38212522 PMCID: PMC11026161 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-023-01570-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
One of the critical factors determining the performance of neural interfaces is the electrode material used to establish electrical communication with the neural tissue, which needs to meet strict electrical, electrochemical, mechanical, biological and microfabrication compatibility requirements. This work presents a nanoporous graphene-based thin-film technology and its engineering to form flexible neural interfaces. The developed technology allows the fabrication of small microelectrodes (25 µm diameter) while achieving low impedance (∼25 kΩ) and high charge injection (3-5 mC cm-2). In vivo brain recording performance assessed in rodents reveals high-fidelity recordings (signal-to-noise ratio >10 dB for local field potentials), while stimulation performance assessed with an intrafascicular implant demonstrates low current thresholds (<100 µA) and high selectivity (>0.8) for activating subsets of axons within the rat sciatic nerve innervating tibialis anterior and plantar interosseous muscles. Furthermore, the tissue biocompatibility of the devices was validated by chronic epicortical (12 week) and intraneural (8 week) implantation. This work describes a graphene-based thin-film microelectrode technology and demonstrates its potential for high-precision and high-resolution neural interfacing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damià Viana
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Steven T Walston
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Masvidal-Codina
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavi Illa
- Institut de Microelectrònica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bruno Rodríguez-Meana
- Institute of Neurosciences, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Del Valle
- Institute of Neurosciences, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Secció de Fisiologia, Department de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrew Hayward
- Nanomedicine Lab, National Graphene Institute and Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester, UK
| | - Abbie Dodd
- Nanomedicine Lab, National Graphene Institute and Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester, UK
| | - Thomas Loret
- Nanomedicine Lab, National Graphene Institute and Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester, UK
| | - Elisabet Prats-Alfonso
- Institut de Microelectrònica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Natàlia de la Oliva
- Institute of Neurosciences, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marie Palma
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Elena Del Corro
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Del Pilar Bernicola
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisa Rodríguez-Lucas
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thomas Gener
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel de la Cruz
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Torres-Miranda
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fikret Taygun Duvan
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nicola Ria
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Justin Sperling
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Martí-Sánchez
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Chiara Spadaro
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clément Hébert
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sinead Savage
- Nanomedicine Lab, National Graphene Institute and Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester, UK
| | - Jordi Arbiol
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anton Guimerà-Brunet
- Institut de Microelectrònica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M Victoria Puig
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Blaise Yvert
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Xavier Navarro
- Institute of Neurosciences, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain.
- Institute of Neurosciences, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Nanomedicine Lab, National Graphene Institute and Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester, UK.
| | - Jose A Garrido
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain.
- ICREA, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
González-González MA, Conde SV, Latorre R, Thébault SC, Pratelli M, Spitzer NC, Verkhratsky A, Tremblay MÈ, Akcora CG, Hernández-Reynoso AG, Ecker M, Coates J, Vincent KL, Ma B. Bioelectronic Medicine: a multidisciplinary roadmap from biophysics to precision therapies. Front Integr Neurosci 2024; 18:1321872. [PMID: 38440417 PMCID: PMC10911101 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2024.1321872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Bioelectronic Medicine stands as an emerging field that rapidly evolves and offers distinctive clinical benefits, alongside unique challenges. It consists of the modulation of the nervous system by precise delivery of electrical current for the treatment of clinical conditions, such as post-stroke movement recovery or drug-resistant disorders. The unquestionable clinical impact of Bioelectronic Medicine is underscored by the successful translation to humans in the last decades, and the long list of preclinical studies. Given the emergency of accelerating the progress in new neuromodulation treatments (i.e., drug-resistant hypertension, autoimmune and degenerative diseases), collaboration between multiple fields is imperative. This work intends to foster multidisciplinary work and bring together different fields to provide the fundamental basis underlying Bioelectronic Medicine. In this review we will go from the biophysics of the cell membrane, which we consider the inner core of neuromodulation, to patient care. We will discuss the recently discovered mechanism of neurotransmission switching and how it will impact neuromodulation design, and we will provide an update on neuronal and glial basis in health and disease. The advances in biomedical technology have facilitated the collection of large amounts of data, thereby introducing new challenges in data analysis. We will discuss the current approaches and challenges in high throughput data analysis, encompassing big data, networks, artificial intelligence, and internet of things. Emphasis will be placed on understanding the electrochemical properties of neural interfaces, along with the integration of biocompatible and reliable materials and compliance with biomedical regulations for translational applications. Preclinical validation is foundational to the translational process, and we will discuss the critical aspects of such animal studies. Finally, we will focus on the patient point-of-care and challenges in neuromodulation as the ultimate goal of bioelectronic medicine. This review is a call to scientists from different fields to work together with a common endeavor: accelerate the decoding and modulation of the nervous system in a new era of therapeutic possibilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Alejandra González-González
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Silvia V. Conde
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NOVA University, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ramon Latorre
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Stéphanie C. Thébault
- Laboratorio de Investigación Traslacional en salud visual (D-13), Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Marta Pratelli
- Neurobiology Department, Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Nicholas C. Spitzer
- Neurobiology Department, Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Alexei Verkhratsky
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Achucarro Centre for Neuroscience, IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- International Collaborative Center on Big Science Plan for Purinergic Signaling, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Marie-Ève Tremblay
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Cuneyt G. Akcora
- Department of Computer Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | | | - Melanie Ecker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States
| | | | - Kathleen L. Vincent
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Brandy Ma
- Stanley H. Appel Department of Neurology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liao M, Cui Q, Hu Y, Xing J, Wu D, Zheng S, Zhao Y, Yu Y, Sun J, Chai R. Recent advances in the application of MXenes for neural tissue engineering and regeneration. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:258-263. [PMID: 37488875 PMCID: PMC10503607 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.379037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) are crystal nanomaterials with a number of surface functional groups such as fluorine, hydroxyl, and oxygen, which can be used as carriers for proteins and drugs. MXenes have excellent biocompatibility, electrical conductivity, surface hydrophilicity, mechanical properties and easy surface modification. However, at present, the stability of most MXenes needs to be improved, and more synthesis methods need to be explored. MXenes are good substrates for nerve cell regeneration and nerve reconstruction, which have broad application prospects in the repair of nervous system injury. Regarding the application of MXenes in neuroscience, mainly at the cellular level, the long-term in vivo biosafety and effects also need to be further explored. This review focuses on the progress of using MXenes in nerve regeneration over the last few years; discussing preparation of MXenes and their biocompatibility with different cells as well as the regulation by MXenes of nerve cell regeneration in two-dimensional and three-dimensional environments in vitro. MXenes have great potential in regulating the proliferation, differentiation, and maturation of nerve cells and in promoting regeneration and recovery after nerve injury. In addition, this review also presents the main challenges during optimization processes, such as the preparation of stable MXenes and long-term in vivo biosafety, and further discusses future directions in neural tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Menghui Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qingyue Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yangnan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiayue Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Danqi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shasha Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yafeng Yu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jingwu Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu S, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Liu L, Sun S, Zhang S, Liu H, Liu S, Li Y, Yang F, Jiao M, Sun X, Zhang Y, Liu R, Mu X, Wang H, Zhang S, Yang J, Xie X, Duan X, Zhang J, Hong G, Zhang XD, Ming D. A Nanozyme-Based Electrode for High-Performance Neural Recording. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2304297. [PMID: 37882151 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Implanted neural electrodes have been widely used to treat brain diseases that require high sensitivity and biocompatibility at the tissue-electrode interface. However, currently used clinical electrodes cannot meet both these requirements simultaneously, which hinders the effective recording of electronic signals. Herein, nanozyme-based neural electrodes incorporating bioinspired atomically precise clusters are developed as a general strategy with a heterogeneous design for multiscale and ultrasensitive neural recording via quantum transport and biocatalytic processes. Owing to the dual high-speed electronic and ionic currents at the electrode-tissue interface, the impedance of nanozyme electrodes is 26 times lower than that of state-of-the-art metal electrodes, and the acquisition sensitivity for the local field potential is ≈10 times higher than that of clinical PtIr electrodes, enabling a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of up to 14.7 dB for single-neuron recordings in rats. The electrodes provide more than 100-fold higher antioxidant and multi-enzyme-like activities, which effectively decrease 67% of the neuronal injury area by inhibiting glial proliferation and allowing sensitive and stable neural recording. Moreover, nanozyme electrodes can considerably improve the SNR of seizures in acute epileptic rats and are expected to achieve precise localization of seizure foci in clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuangjie Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Si Sun
- Department of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, China
| | - Shaofang Zhang
- Department of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, China
| | - Haile Liu
- Department of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, China
| | - Shuhu Liu
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility (BSRF), Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yonghui Li
- Department of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305, USA
| | - Menglu Jiao
- Department of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, China
| | - Xinyu Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yuqin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Renpeng Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiaoyu Mu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300041, China
| | - Jiang Yang
- School of Electronics and Information Technology and Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xi Xie
- School of Electronics and Information Technology and Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xiaojie Duan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jianning Zhang
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300041, China
| | - Guosong Hong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305, USA
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Department of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, China
| | - Dong Ming
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mousavi H, Dauly G, Dieuset G, El Merhie A, Ismailova E, Wendling F, Al Harrach M. Tuning Microelectrodes' Impedance to Improve Fast Ripples Recording. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:102. [PMID: 38275582 PMCID: PMC11154299 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11010102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures resulting from abnormal neuronal hyperexcitability. In the case of pharmacoresistant epilepsy requiring resection surgery, the identification of the Epileptogenic Zone (EZ) is critical. Fast Ripples (FRs; 200-600 Hz) are one of the promising biomarkers that can aid in EZ delineation. However, recording FRs requires physically small electrodes. These microelectrodes suffer from high impedance, which significantly impacts FRs' observability and detection. In this study, we investigated the potential of a conductive polymer coating to enhance FR observability. We employed biophysical modeling to compare two types of microelectrodes: Gold (Au) and Au coated with the conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrene sulfonate) (Au/PEDOT:PSS). These electrodes were then implanted into the CA1 hippocampal neural network of epileptic mice to record FRs during epileptogenesis. The results showed that the polymer-coated electrodes had a two-order lower impedance as well as a higher transfer function amplitude and cut-off frequency. Consequently, FRs recorded with the PEDOT:PSS-coated microelectrode yielded significantly higher signal energy compared to the uncoated one. The PEDOT:PSS coating improved the observability of the recorded FRs and thus their detection. This work paves the way for the development of signal-specific microelectrode designs that allow for better targeting of pathological biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Mousavi
- Bioelectronics Department, Ecoles des Mines de Saint Etienne, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 13541 Gardanne, France; (H.M.); (A.E.M.); (E.I.)
| | - Gautier Dauly
- INSERM, LTSI-U1099, University of Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France; (G.D.); (G.D.); (F.W.)
| | - Gabriel Dieuset
- INSERM, LTSI-U1099, University of Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France; (G.D.); (G.D.); (F.W.)
| | - Amira El Merhie
- Bioelectronics Department, Ecoles des Mines de Saint Etienne, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 13541 Gardanne, France; (H.M.); (A.E.M.); (E.I.)
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 7057, 10 Rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Esma Ismailova
- Bioelectronics Department, Ecoles des Mines de Saint Etienne, CMP-EMSE, MOC, 13541 Gardanne, France; (H.M.); (A.E.M.); (E.I.)
| | - Fabrice Wendling
- INSERM, LTSI-U1099, University of Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France; (G.D.); (G.D.); (F.W.)
| | - Mariam Al Harrach
- INSERM, LTSI-U1099, University of Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France; (G.D.); (G.D.); (F.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Park R, Lee DH, Koh CS, Kwon YW, Chae SY, Kim CS, Jung HH, Jeong J, Hong SW. Laser-Assisted Structuring of Graphene Films with Biocompatible Liquid Crystal Polymer for Skin/Brain-Interfaced Electrodes. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2301753. [PMID: 37820714 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The work presented here introduces a facile strategy for the development of flexible and stretchable electrodes that harness the robust characteristics of carbon nanomaterials through laser processing techniques on a liquid crystal polymer (LCP) film. By utilizing LCP film as a biocompatible electronic substrate, control is demonstrated over the laser irradiation parameters to achieve efficient pattern generation and transfer printing processes, thereby yielding highly conductive laser-induced graphene (LIG) bioelectrodes. To enhance the resolution of the patterned LIG film, shadow masks are employed during laser scanning on the LCP film surface. This approach is compatible with surface-mounted device integration, enabling the circuit writing of LIG/LCP materials in a flexible format. Moreover, kirigami-inspired on-skin bioelectrodes are introduced that exhibit reasonable stretchability, enabling independent connections to healthcare hardware platforms for electrocardiogram (ECG) and electromyography (EMG) measurements. Additionally, a brain-interfaced LIG microelectrode array is proposed that combines mechanically compliant architectures with LCP encapsulation for stimulation and recording purposes, leveraging their advantageous structural features and superior electrochemical properties. This developed approach offers a cost-effective and scalable route for producing patterned arrays of laser-converted graphene as bioelectrodes. These bioelectrodes serve as ideal circuit-enabled flexible substrates with long-term reliability in the ionic environment of the human body.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rowoon Park
- Department of Optics and Mechatronics Engineering, Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyeon Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Chin Su Koh
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Woo Kwon
- Engineering Research Center for Color-Modulated Extra-Sensory Perception Technology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Yeong Chae
- Engineering Research Center for Color-Modulated Extra-Sensory Perception Technology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Seok Kim
- Department of Optics and Mechatronics Engineering, Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Engineering Research Center for Color-Modulated Extra-Sensory Perception Technology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ho Jung
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonsoo Jeong
- School of Biomedical Convergence Engineering, Department of Information Convergence Engineering, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Suck Won Hong
- Department of Optics and Mechatronics Engineering, Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Engineering Research Center for Color-Modulated Extra-Sensory Perception Technology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang L, Xi Y, Xu Q, Jiang C, Cao J, Wang X, Yang B, Liu J. Multifunctional IrOx Neural Probe for In Situ Dynamic Brain Hypoxia Evaluation. ACS NANO 2023; 17:22277-22286. [PMID: 37930063 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c02704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Perioperative cerebral hypoxia and neonatal hypoxia-ischemic encephalopathy are the main triggers that lead to temporary or permanent brain dysfunction. The pathogenesis is intimately correlated to neural activities and the pH of the microenvironment, which calls for a high demand for in situ multitype physiological signal acquisition in the brain. However, conventional pH sensing neural interfaces cannot obtain the characteristics of multimodes, multichannels, and high spatial resolution of physiological signals simultaneously. Here, we report a multifunctional implantable iridium oxide (IrOx) neural probe (MIIONP) combined with electrophysiology recording, in situ pH sensing, and neural stimulation for real-time dynamic brain hypoxia evaluation. The neural probe modified with IrOx films exhibits outstanding electrophysiology recording and neural stimulation performance and long-term stable high spatial pH sensing resolution of about 100 μm, and the cytotoxicity of IrOx microelectrodes was investigated as well. In addition, 4 weeks' tracking of the same neuron firing and instantaneous population spike captured during electrical stimulation was achieved by MIIONP. Finally, in a mouse brain hypoxia model, the MIIONP has demonstrated the capability of synchronous in situ recording of the pH and neural firing changes in the brain, which has a valuable application in dynamic brain disease evaluation through real-time acquisition of multiple physiological signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Longchun Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ye Xi
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Qingda Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Chunpeng Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jiawei Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Bin Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jingquan Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ziai Y, Zargarian SS, Rinoldi C, Nakielski P, Sola A, Lanzi M, Truong YB, Pierini F. Conducting polymer-based nanostructured materials for brain-machine interfaces. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 15:e1895. [PMID: 37141863 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
As scientists discovered that raw neurological signals could translate into bioelectric information, brain-machine interfaces (BMI) for experimental and clinical studies have experienced massive growth. Developing suitable materials for bioelectronic devices to be used for real-time recording and data digitalizing has three important necessitates which should be covered. Biocompatibility, electrical conductivity, and having mechanical properties similar to soft brain tissue to decrease mechanical mismatch should be adopted for all materials. In this review, inorganic nanoparticles and intrinsically conducting polymers are discussed to impart electrical conductivity to systems, where soft materials such as hydrogels can offer reliable mechanical properties and a biocompatible substrate. Interpenetrating hydrogel networks offer more mechanical stability and provide a path for incorporating polymers with desired properties into one strong network. Promising fabrication methods, like electrospinning and additive manufacturing, allow scientists to customize designs for each application and reach the maximum potential for the system. In the near future, it is desired to fabricate biohybrid conducting polymer-based interfaces loaded with cells, giving the opportunity for simultaneous stimulation and regeneration. Developing multi-modal BMIs, Using artificial intelligence and machine learning to design advanced materials are among the future goals for this field. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Neurological Disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasamin Ziai
- Department of Biosystems and Soft Matter, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Seyed Shahrooz Zargarian
- Department of Biosystems and Soft Matter, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Chiara Rinoldi
- Department of Biosystems and Soft Matter, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Nakielski
- Department of Biosystems and Soft Matter, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Antonella Sola
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Manufacturing Business Unit, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Massimiliano Lanzi
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Yen Bach Truong
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Manufacturing Business Unit, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Filippo Pierini
- Department of Biosystems and Soft Matter, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Montoya G, Wagner K, Ryder G, Naseri ASZ, Faisal SN, Sencadas V, In Het Panhuis M, Spinks GM, Wallace GG, Alici G, Officer DL. Edge-Functionalized Graphene/Polydimethylsiloxane Composite Films for Flexible Neural Cuff Electrodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:38833-38845. [PMID: 37537952 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
The design of neural electrodes has changed in the past decade, driven mainly by the development of new materials that open the possibility of manufacturing electrodes with adaptable mechanical properties and promising electrical properties. In this paper, we report on the mechanical and electrochemical properties of a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite with edge-functionalized graphene (EFG) and demonstrate its potential for use in neural implants with the fabrication of a novel neural cuff electrode. We have shown that a 200 μm thick 1:1 EFG/PDMS composite film has a stretchability of up to 20%, a Young's modulus of 2.52 MPa, and a lifetime of more than 10000 mechanical cycles, making it highly suitable for interfacing with soft tissue. Electrochemical characterization of the EFG/PDMS composite film showed that the capacitance of the composite increased up to 35 times after electrochemical reduction, widening the electrochemical water window and remaining stable after soaking for 5 weeks in phosphate buffered saline. The electrochemically activated EFG/PDMS electrode had a 3 times increase in the charge injection capacity, which is more than double that of a commercial platinum-based neural cuff. Electrochemical and spectrochemical investigations supported the conclusion that this effect originated from the stable chemisorption of hydrogen on the graphene surface. The biocompatibility of the composite was confirmed with an in vitro cell culture study using mouse spinal cord cells. Finally, the potential of the EFG/PDMS composite was demonstrated with the fabrication of a novel neural cuff electrode, whose double-layered and open structured design increased the cuff stretchability up to 140%, well beyond that required for an operational neural cuff. In addition, the cuff design offers better integration with neural tissue and simpler nerve fiber installation and locking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Montoya
- School of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Klaudia Wagner
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Gregory Ryder
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Aida Shoushtari Zadeh Naseri
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Shaikh Nayeem Faisal
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Vitor Sencadas
- School of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Marc In Het Panhuis
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Geoffrey M Spinks
- School of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Gordon G Wallace
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Gursel Alici
- School of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - David L Officer
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ping B, Zhang Z, Liu Q, Li M, Yang Q, Guo R. Liquid Metal Fibers with a Knitted Structure for Wearable Electronics. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:715. [PMID: 37504113 PMCID: PMC10377294 DOI: 10.3390/bios13070715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Flexible conductive fibers have shown tremendous potential in diverse fields, including health monitoring, intelligent robotics, and human-machine interaction. Nevertheless, most conventional flexible conductive materials face challenges in meeting the high conductivity and stretchability requirements. In this study, we introduce a knitted structure of liquid metal conductive fibers. The knitted structure of liquid metal fiber significantly reduces the resistance variation under tension and exhibits favorable durability, as evidenced by the results of cyclic tensile testing, which indicate that their resistance only undergoes a slight increase (<3%) after 1300 cycles. Furthermore, we demonstrate the integration of these liquid metal fibers with various rigid electronic components, thereby facilitating the production of pliable LED arrays and intelligent garments for electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring. The LED array underwent a 30 min machine wash, during which it consistently retained its normal functionality. These findings evince the devices' robust stable circuit functionality and water resistance that remain unaffected by daily human activities. The liquid metal knitted fibers offer great promise for advancing the field of flexible conductive fibers. Their exceptional electrical and mechanical properties, combined with compatibility with existing electronic components, open new possibilities for applications in the physiological signal detection of carriers, human-machine interaction, and large-area electronic skin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingyi Ping
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zihang Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Qiushi Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Minghao Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Qingxiu Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang X, Liu B, Gao J, Lang Y, Lv X, Deng Z, Gui L, Liu J, Tang R, Li L. Liquid Metal-Based Electrode Array for Neural Signal Recording. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10050578. [PMID: 37237648 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10050578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural electrodes are core devices for research in neuroscience, neurological diseases, and neural-machine interfacing. They build a bridge between the cerebral nervous system and electronic devices. Most of the neural electrodes in use are based on rigid materials that differ significantly from biological neural tissue in flexibility and tensile properties. In this study, a liquid-metal (LM) -based 20-channel neural electrode array with a platinum metal (Pt) encapsulation material was developed by microfabrication technology. The in vitro experiments demonstrated that the electrode has stable electrical properties and excellent mechanical properties such as flexibility and bending, which allows the electrode to form conformal contact with the skull. The in vivo experiments also recorded electroencephalographic signals using the LM-based electrode from a rat under low-flow or deep anesthesia, including the auditory-evoked potentials triggered by sound stimulation. The auditory-activated cortical area was analyzed using source localization technique. These results indicate that this 20-channel LM-based neural electrode array satisfies the demands of brain signal acquisition and provides high-quality-electroencephalogram (EEG) signals that support source localization analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xilong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bingxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingru Gao
- Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Advanced Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yiran Lang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaodong Lv
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhongshan Deng
- Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lin Gui
- Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Rongyu Tang
- The State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lei Li
- Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Functional Two-Dimensional Materials for Bioelectronic Neural Interfacing. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14010035. [PMID: 36662082 PMCID: PMC9863167 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Realizing the neurological information processing by analyzing the complex data transferring behavior of populations and individual neurons is one of the fast-growing fields of neuroscience and bioelectronic technologies. This field is anticipated to cover a wide range of advanced applications, including neural dynamic monitoring, understanding the neurological disorders, human brain-machine communications and even ambitious mind-controlled prosthetic implant systems. To fulfill the requirements of high spatial and temporal resolution recording of neural activities, electrical, optical and biosensing technologies are combined to develop multifunctional bioelectronic and neuro-signal probes. Advanced two-dimensional (2D) layered materials such as graphene, graphene oxide, transition metal dichalcogenides and MXenes with their atomic-layer thickness and multifunctional capabilities show bio-stimulation and multiple sensing properties. These characteristics are beneficial factors for development of ultrathin-film electrodes for flexible neural interfacing with minimum invasive chronic interfaces to the brain cells and cortex. The combination of incredible properties of 2D nanostructure places them in a unique position, as the main materials of choice, for multifunctional reception of neural activities. The current review highlights the recent achievements in 2D-based bioelectronic systems for monitoring of biophysiological indicators and biosignals at neural interfaces.
Collapse
|
16
|
Li H, Wang J, Fang Y. Recent developments in multifunctional neural probes for simultaneous neural recording and modulation. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2023; 9:4. [PMID: 36620392 PMCID: PMC9810608 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-022-00444-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Neural probes are among the most widely applied tools for studying neural circuit functions and treating neurological disorders. Given the complexity of the nervous system, it is highly desirable to monitor and modulate neural activities simultaneously at the cellular scale. In this review, we provide an overview of recent developments in multifunctional neural probes that allow simultaneous neural activity recording and modulation through different modalities, including chemical, electrical, and optical stimulation. We will focus on the material and structural design of multifunctional neural probes and their interfaces with neural tissues. Finally, future challenges and prospects of multifunctional neural probes will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongbian Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - Jinfen Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - Ying Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190 China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Shan Y, Cui X, Chen X, Li Z. Recent progress of electroactive interface in neural engineering. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 15:e01827. [PMID: 35715994 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Neural tissue is an electrical responsible organ. The electricity plays a vital role in the growth and development of nerve tissue, as well as the repairing after diseases. The interface between the nervous system and external device for information transmission is called neural electroactive interface. With the development of new materials and fabrication technologies, more and more new types of neural interfaces are developed and the interfaces can play crucial roles in treating many debilitating diseases such as paralysis, blindness, deafness, epilepsy, and Parkinson's disease. Neural interfaces are developing toward flexibility, miniaturization, biocompatibility, and multifunctionality. This review presents the development of neural electrodes in terms of different materials for constructing electroactive neural interfaces, especially focus on the piezoelectric materials-based indirect neuromodulation due to their features of wireless control, excellent effect, and good biocompatibility. We discussed the challenges we need to consider before the application of these new interfaces in clinical practice. The perspectives about future directions for developing more practical electroactive interface in neural engineering are also discussed in this review. This article is categorized under: Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanomaterials and Implants Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanotechnology in Tissue Repair and Replacement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yizhu Shan
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Cui
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xun Chen
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhou Li
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Center of Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Dong M, Coleman HA, Tonta MA, Xiong Z, Li D, Thomas S, Liu M, Fallon JB, Parkington HC, Forsythe JS. Rapid electrophoretic deposition of biocompatible graphene coatings for high-performance recording neural electrodes. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:15845-15858. [PMID: 36259692 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr04421h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The electrical and biological interfacial properties of invasive electrodes have a significant impact on the performance and longevity of neural recordings in the brain. In this study, we demonstrated rapid electrophoretic deposition and electrochemical reduction of graphene oxide (GO) on metal-based neural electrodes. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and other characterizations confirmed the existence of a uniform and effectively reduced graphene oxide coating. Electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ErGO) coated Pt/Ir neural electrodes exhibited 15.2-fold increase in charge storage capacity (CSC) and 90% decrease in impedance with only 3.8% increase in electrode diameter. Patch clamp electrophysiology and calcium imaging of primary rat hippocampus neurons cultured on ErGO demonstrated that there was no adverse impact on the functional development of neurons. Immunostaining showed a balanced growth of excitatory and inhibitory neurons, and astrocytes. Acute recordings from the auditory cortex and chronic recordings (19 days) from the somatosensory cortex found ErGO coating improved the performance of neural electrodes in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and amplitude of signals. The proposed approach not only provides an in-depth evaluation of the effect of ErGO coating on neural electrodes but also widens the coating methods of commercial neural electrodes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miheng Dong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash Institute of Medical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
- Monash Suzhou Research Institute, Monash University, Suzhou SIP 250000, China
| | - Harold A Coleman
- Department of Physiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Mary A Tonta
- Department of Physiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Zhiyuan Xiong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sebastian Thomas
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash Institute of Medical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Minsu Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash Institute of Medical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
- Monash Suzhou Research Institute, Monash University, Suzhou SIP 250000, China
- Foshan (Southern China) Institute for New Materials, Foshan 528200, China
| | - James B Fallon
- The Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia
- Medical Bionics Department, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Helena C Parkington
- Department of Physiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - John S Forsythe
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash Institute of Medical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Girão AF, Serrano MC, Completo A, Marques PAAP. Is Graphene Shortening the Path toward Spinal Cord Regeneration? ACS NANO 2022; 16:13430-13467. [PMID: 36000717 PMCID: PMC9776589 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c04756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Along with the development of the next generation of biomedical platforms, the inclusion of graphene-based materials (GBMs) into therapeutics for spinal cord injury (SCI) has potential to nourish topmost neuroprotective and neuroregenerative strategies for enhancing neural structural and physiological recovery. In the context of SCI, contemplated as one of the most convoluted challenges of modern medicine, this review first provides an overview of its characteristics and pathophysiological features. Then, the most relevant ongoing clinical trials targeting SCI, including pharmaceutical, robotics/neuromodulation, and scaffolding approaches, are introduced and discussed in sequence with the most important insights brought by GBMs into each particular topic. The current role of these nanomaterials on restoring the spinal cord microenvironment after injury is critically contextualized, while proposing future concepts and desirable outputs for graphene-based technologies aiming to reach clinical significance for SCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- André F. Girão
- Centre
for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), Department of Mechanical
Engineering, University of Aveiro (UA), Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Calle Sor Juana Inés de la
Cruz 3, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- (A.F.G.)
| | - María Concepcion Serrano
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Calle Sor Juana Inés de la
Cruz 3, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- (M.C.S.)
| | - António Completo
- Centre
for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), Department of Mechanical
Engineering, University of Aveiro (UA), Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Paula A. A. P. Marques
- Centre
for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), Department of Mechanical
Engineering, University of Aveiro (UA), Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
- (P.A.A.P.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Xiao M, Li X, Pifferi S, Pastore B, Liu Y, Lazzarino M, Torre V, Yang X, Menini A, Tang M. 2D MXene interfaces preserve the basal electrophysiology of targeted neural circuits. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:10992-11002. [PMID: 35861380 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr01542k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Neural interfaces enable the monitoring of the state of the brain and its composite cell networks, as well as stimulate them to treat nervous disorders. In addition to their highly efficient charge transduction and stability during operation, the neural electrodes should avoid altering the physiological properties of targeted neuronal tissues. Two-dimensional (2D) MXene materials integrate the advantages of metallic conductivity, high specific-surface area and surface functionality in aqueous dispersions, showing promising potential in neural interface applications. Here, we apply uncoated Ti3C2Tx MXene to interface neuronal development. The impacts of the uncoated Ti3C2Tx MXene interface on neuronal development and neuronal microcircuit activity were tested for the first time. Compared to the standard neuronal culture with a poly-L-ornithine coated coverslip, uncoated Ti3C2Tx MXene surfaces did not affect the cell morphology, density, neuron ratios, maturation or the compositions of the neuronal network. Moreover, calcium imaging, spontaneous postsynaptic currents (sPSCs) and also miniature postsynaptic currents (mPSCs) were recorded to demonstrate that Ti3C2Tx MXene interfaces preserved the basal physiology of neuronal activity. The ability to interface neuronal circuit development without altering neuronal signaling properties enables the construction of MXene-based neural prosthetic devices for neuroscience research, diagnosis, and therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Xiao
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
- Neurobiology Sector, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), via Bonomea 265, Trieste 34136, Italy.
- Suzhou Fishseeds Bio-Technology, Ltd, Suzhou 215138, China
- Anhui Isotex Biotech Co., Xuancheng 242300, China
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
- Neurobiology Sector, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), via Bonomea 265, Trieste 34136, Italy.
| | - Simone Pifferi
- Neurobiology Sector, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), via Bonomea 265, Trieste 34136, Italy.
| | - Beatrice Pastore
- Neurobiology Sector, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), via Bonomea 265, Trieste 34136, Italy.
| | - Yun Liu
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | | | - Vincent Torre
- Neurobiology Sector, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), via Bonomea 265, Trieste 34136, Italy.
| | - Xiaowei Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Anna Menini
- Neurobiology Sector, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), via Bonomea 265, Trieste 34136, Italy.
| | - Mingliang Tang
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhao Y, Liang Q, Mugo SM, An L, Zhang Q, Lu Y. Self-Healing and Shape-Editable Wearable Supercapacitors Based on Highly Stretchable Hydrogel Electrolytes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2201039. [PMID: 35754306 PMCID: PMC9405484 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202201039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Shape editability combined with a self-healing capability and long-term cycling durability are highly desirable properties for wearable supercapacitors. Most wearable supercapacitors have rigid architecture and lack the capacity for editability into desirable shapes. Through sandwiching hydrogel electrolytes between two electrodes, a suite of wearable supercapacitors that integrate desirable properties namely: repeated shape editability, excellent self-healing capability, and long-term cycling durability is demonstrated. A strategy is proposed to enhance the long-term cycling durability by utilizing hydrogel electrolytes with unique cross-linking structures. The dynamic crosslinking sites are formed by quadruple H bonds and hydrophobic association, stabilizing the supercapacitors from inorganic ion disruption during charge-discharge processes. The fabricated supercapacitors result in the capacitance retention rates of 99.6% and 95.8% after 5000 and 10 000 charge-discharge cycles, respectively, which are much higher than others reported in the literature. Furthermore, the supercapacitor sheets can be repeatedly processed into various shapes without any capacitance loss. The supercapacitors exhibit a 95% capacitance retention rate after five cutting/self-healing cycles, indicative of their excellent self-healing performance. To demonstrate real-life applicability, the wearable supercapacitors are successfully used to power a light-emitting diode and an electronic watch.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yizhou Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and ChemistryChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026P. R. China
| | - Quanduo Liang
- University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical ChemistryChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022P. R. China
| | - Samuel M. Mugo
- Department of Physical SciencesMacEwan UniversityEdmontonABT5J4S2Canada
| | - Lijia An
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and ChemistryChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical ChemistryChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022P. R. China
| | - Yuyuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and ChemistryChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ding J, Chen Z, Liu X, Tian Y, Jiang J, Qiao Z, Zhang Y, Xiao Z, Wei D, Sun J, Luo F, Zhou L, Fan H. A mechanically adaptive hydrogel neural interface based on silk fibroin for high-efficiency neural activity recording. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2022; 9:2215-2225. [PMID: 35723211 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh00533f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A flexible non-transient electrical platform that can realize bidirectional neural communication from living tissues is of great interest in neuroscience to better understand basic neuroscience and the nondrug therapy of diseases or disorders. The development of soft, biocompatible, and conductive neural interface with mechanical coupling and efficient electrical exchange is a new trend but remains a challenge. Herein, we designed a multifunctional neural electrical communication platform in the form of a mechanically compliant, electrically conductive, and biocompatible hydrogel electrode. Silk fibroin (SF) obtained from Bombyx Mori cocoons was compounded with aldehyde-hyaluronic acid (HA-CHO) with a dynamic network to delay or interrupt the β-sheet-induced hardening of SF chains, resulting in the fabrication of a hydrogel matrix that is mechanically matched to biological tissues. Moreover, the incorporation of functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) facilitated interaction and dispersion and enabled the formation of a hydrogel electrode with a high-current percolation network, thus contributing toward improving the electrical properties in terms of conductivity, impedance, and charge storage capabilities. These advances allow high-efficiency stimulation and the recording of neural signals during in vivo implantation. Overall, a wide range of animal experiments demonstrate that the platform exhibits minimal foreign body responses, thus showing it to be a promising electrophysiology interface for potential applications in neuroscience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ding
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Zhihong Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xiaoyin Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Medical School, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Ji Jiang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Zi Qiao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yusheng Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Zhanwen Xiao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Dan Wei
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jing Sun
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Fang Luo
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Liangxue Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Medical School, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongsong Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ruhunage CK, Dhawan V, McKenzie TJ, Hoque A, Rahm CE, Nawarathne CP, Ayres N, Cui XT, Alvarez NT. Hydrophilic Micro- and Macroelectrodes with Antibiofouling Properties for Biomedical Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:2920-2931. [PMID: 35710337 PMCID: PMC10080669 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Implantable neural electrodes are generally used to record the electrical activity of neurons and to stimulate neurons in the nervous system. Biofouling triggered by inflammatory responses can dramatically affect the performance of neural electrodes, resulting in decreased signal sensitivity and consistency over time. Thus, long-term clinical applications require electrically conducting electrode materials with reduced dimensions, high flexibility, and antibiofouling properties that can reduce the degree of inflammatory reactions and increase the lifetime of neural electrodes. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are well known to form flexible assemblies such as CNT fibers. Herein, we report the covalent functionalization of predefined CNT fiber and film surfaces with hydrophilic, antibiofouling phosphorylcholine (PC) molecules. The electrochemical and spectroscopic characteristics, impedance properties, hydrophilicity, and in vitro antifouling nature of the functionalized CNT surfaces were evaluated. The hydrophilicity of the functionalized CNT films was demonstrated by a decrease in the static contact angle from 134.4° ± 3.9° before to 15.7° ± 1.5° after one and fully wetting after three functionalization cycles, respectively. In addition, the extent of protein absorption on the functionalized CNT films was significantly lower than that on the nonfunctionalized CNT film. Surprisingly, the faradic charge-transfer properties and impedance of the CNT assemblies were preserved after functionalization with PC molecules. These functionalized CNT assemblies are promising for the development of low-impedance neural electrodes with higher hydrophilicity and protein-fouling resistance to inhibit inflammatory responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chethani K Ruhunage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Vaishnavi Dhawan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Tucker J McKenzie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Abdul Hoque
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Connor E Rahm
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Chaminda P Nawarathne
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Neil Ayres
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Xinyan Tracy Cui
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Noe T Alvarez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Xiong J, Zhang B, Balilonda A, Yang S, Li K, Zhang Q, Li Y, Wang H, Hou C. Graphene-based implantable neural electrodes for insect flight control. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:4632-4639. [PMID: 35648073 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00906d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Implantable neural electrodes have been widely used to investigate the function of the brain and treat neurological disorders. Due to their advantages of size and preparation, fibrous neural electrodes have been widely applied, but conventional metal wire electrodes have many shortcomings that are impossible to overcome. Here, we present a modified graphene-based fiber electrode, which retains the excellent electrical properties of the graphene fiber (GF) electrode and enhances the charge storage capacity (CSC) from the initial 7.97 mC cm-2 to 504.04 mC cm-2. The modified electrodes were further investigated via in vivo experiments, and the results show that the modified graphene fibers controlled insect flight with a minimum voltage close to that of silver wire electrodes, and no irreversible chemical reaction occurred during the electrical stimulation process, which could achieve the stimulation effect while ensuring the safety of the tissues around the electrodes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xiong
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China.
| | - Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China.
| | - Andrew Balilonda
- Research Centre for Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Shengyuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China.
| | - Kerui Li
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China.
| | - Qinghong Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Glasses Manufacturing Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Yaogang Li
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Glasses Manufacturing Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Hongzhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China.
| | - Chengyi Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Hsieh JC, Li Y, Wang H, Perz M, Tang Q, Tang KWK, Pyatnitskiy I, Reyes R, Ding H, Wang H. Design of hydrogel-based wearable EEG electrodes for medical applications. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:7260-7280. [PMID: 35678148 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00618a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The electroencephalogram (EEG) is considered to be a promising method for studying brain disorders. Because of its non-invasive nature, subjects take a lower risk compared to some other invasive methods, while the systems record the brain signal. With the technological advancement of neural and material engineering, we are in the process of achieving continuous monitoring of neural activity through wearable EEG. In this article, we first give a brief introduction to EEG bands, circuits, wired/wireless EEG systems, and analysis algorithms. Then, we review the most recent advances in the interfaces used for EEG recordings, focusing on hydrogel-based EEG electrodes. Specifically, the advances for important figures of merit for EEG electrodes are reviewed. Finally, we summarize the potential medical application of wearable EEG systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Chun Hsieh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C3J7, Canada
| | - Huiqian Wang
- Department of Mathematics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Matt Perz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Qiong Tang
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Kai Wing Kevin Tang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Ilya Pyatnitskiy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Raymond Reyes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Hong Ding
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Huiliang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Liu S, Liu L, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Wu Y, Zhang XD, Ming D. A High-Performance Electrode Based on van der Waals Heterostructure for Neural Recording. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:4400-4409. [PMID: 35587781 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Neural electrodes have been widely used to monitor neurological disorders and have a major impact on neuroscience, whereas traditional electrodes are limited to their inherent high impedance, which makes them insensitive to weak signals during recording neural signals. Herein, we developed a neural electrode based on the graphene/Ag van der Waals heterostructure for improving the detection sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The impedance of the graphene/Ag electrode is reduced to 161.4 ± 13.4 MΩ μm2, while the cathode charge-storage capacity (CSCc) reaches 24.2 ± 1.9 mC cm-2, which is 6.3 and 48.4 times higher than those of the commercial Ag electrodes, respectively. Density functional theory (DFT) results find that the Ag-graphene interface has more doped electronic states, providing faster electron transfer and enhanced interfacial transport. In vivo detection sensitivity and SNR of graphene/Ag electrodes are significantly improved. The current work provides a feasible solution for designing brain electrodes to monitor neural signals more sensitively and accurately.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuangjie Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yingpeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, Institute of Advanced Materials Physics, School of Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Dong Ming
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Murphy BB, Apollo NV, Unegbu P, Posey T, Rodriguez-Perez N, Hendricks Q, Cimino F, Richardson AG, Vitale F. Vitamin C-reduced graphene oxide improves the performance and stability of multimodal neural microelectrodes. iScience 2022; 25:104652. [PMID: 35811842 PMCID: PMC9263525 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanocarbons are often employed as coatings for neural electrodes to enhance surface area. However, processing and integrating them into microfabrication flows requires complex and harmful chemical and heating conditions. This article presents a safe, scalable, cost-effective method to produce reduced graphene oxide (rGO) coatings using vitamin C (VC) as the reducing agent. We spray coat GO + VC mixtures onto target substrates, and then heat samples for 15 min at 150°C. The resulting rGO films have conductivities of ∼44 S cm−1, and are easily integrated into an ad hoc microfabrication flow. The rGO/Au microelectrodes show ∼8x lower impedance and ∼400x higher capacitance than bare Au, resulting in significantly enhanced charge storage and injection capacity. We subsequently use rGO/Au arrays to detect dopamine in vitro, and to map cortical activity intraoperatively over rat whisker barrel cortex, demonstrating that conductive VC-rGO coatings improve the performance and stability of multimodal microelectrodes for different applications. Easy, scalable, and safe reduction method to create rGO films with vitamin C VC-rGO coatings improve the performance of bare gold microelectrodes in vitro VC-rGO coatings enable the voltammetric detection of dopamine on the microscale rGO/Au electrode arrays enable high-resolution microscale recording in vivo
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brendan B. Murphy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration and Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nicholas V. Apollo
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration and Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Placid Unegbu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration and Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tessa Posey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29206, USA
| | - Nancy Rodriguez-Perez
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Quincy Hendricks
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Francesca Cimino
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Andrew G. Richardson
- Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Flavia Vitale
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration and Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19146, USA
- Corresponding author
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Yan D, Jiman AA, Bottorff EC, Patel PR, Meli D, Welle EJ, Ratze DC, Havton LA, Chestek CA, Kemp SWP, Bruns TM, Yoon E, Seymour JP. Ultraflexible and Stretchable Intrafascicular Peripheral Nerve Recording Device with Axon-Dimension, Cuff-Less Microneedle Electrode Array. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2200311. [PMID: 35491522 PMCID: PMC9167574 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202200311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve mapping tools with higher spatial resolution are needed to advance systems neuroscience, and potentially provide a closed-loop biomarker in neuromodulation applications. Two critical challenges of microscale neural interfaces are 1) how to apply them to small peripheral nerves, and 2) how to minimize chronic reactivity. A flexible microneedle nerve array (MINA) is developed, which is the first high-density penetrating electrode array made with axon-sized silicon microneedles embedded in low-modulus thin silicone. The design, fabrication, acute recording, and chronic reactivity to an implanted MINA, are presented. Distinctive units are identified in the rat peroneal nerve. The authors also demonstrate a long-term, cuff-free, and suture-free fixation manner using rose bengal as a light-activated adhesive for two time-points. The tissue response is investigated at 1-week and 6-week time-points, including two sham groups and two MINA-implanted groups. These conditions are quantified in the left vagus nerve of rats using histomorphometry. Micro computed tomography (micro-CT) is added to visualize and quantify tissue encapsulation around the implant. MINA demonstrates a reduction in encapsulation thickness over previously quantified interfascicular methods. Future challenges include techniques for precise insertion of the microneedle electrodes and demonstrating long-term recording.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongxiao Yan
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Ahmad A Jiman
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Bottorff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Paras R Patel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Dilara Meli
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Elissa J Welle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - David C Ratze
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Leif A Havton
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- James J Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA
| | - Cynthia A Chestek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Stephen W P Kemp
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Section of Plastic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Tim M Bruns
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Euisik Yoon
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) and Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (Nano BME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - John P Seymour
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, UTHealth, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Xiong Z, Huang W, Liang Q, Cao Y, Liu S, He Z, Zhang R, Zhang B, Green R, Zhang S, Li D. Harnessing the 2D Structure-Enabled Viscoelasticity of Graphene-Based Hydrogel Membranes for Chronic Neural Interfacing. SMALL METHODS 2022; 6:e2200022. [PMID: 35261208 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202200022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Stiffness and viscoelasticity of neural implants regulate the foreign body response. Recent studies have suggested the use of elastic or viscoelastic materials with tissue-like stiffness for long-term neural electrical interfacing. Herein, the authors find that a viscoelastic multilayered graphene hydrogel (MGH) membrane, despite exhibiting a much higher Young's modulus than nerve tissues, shows little inflammatory response after 8-week implantation in rat sciatic nerves. The MGH membrane shows significant viscoelasticity due to the slippage between graphene nanosheets, facilitating its seamless yet minimally compressive interfacing with nerves to reduce the inflammation caused by the stiffness mismatch. When used as neural stimulation electrodes, the MGH membrane can offer abundant ion-accessible surfaces to bring a charge injection capacity 1-2 orders of magnitude higher than its traditional Pt counterpart, and further demonstrates chronic neural therapy potential in low-voltage modulation of rat blood pressure. This work suggests that the emergence of 2D nanomaterials and particularly their unique structural attributes can be harnessed to enable new bio-interfacing design strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Xiong
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Wenhui Huang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Qinghua Liang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Shuyi Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zicong He
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Ranran Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Rylie Green
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Shuixing Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Tringides CM, Mooney DJ. Materials for Implantable Surface Electrode Arrays: Current Status and Future Directions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2107207. [PMID: 34716730 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Surface electrode arrays are mainly fabricated from rigid or elastic materials, and precisely manipulated ductile metal films, which offer limited stretchability. However, the living tissues to which they are applied are nonlinear viscoelastic materials, which can undergo significant mechanical deformation in dynamic biological environments. Further, the same arrays and compositions are often repurposed for vastly different tissues rather than optimizing the materials and mechanical properties of the implant for the target application. By first characterizing the desired biological environment, and then designing a technology for a particular organ, surface electrode arrays may be more conformable, and offer better interfaces to tissues while causing less damage. Here, the various materials used in each component of a surface electrode array are first reviewed, and then electrically active implants in three specific biological systems, the nervous system, the muscular system, and skin, are described. Finally, the fabrication of next-generation surface arrays that overcome current limitations is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina M Tringides
- Harvard Program in Biophysics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division in Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - David J Mooney
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Scalable production of ultrafine polyaniline fibres for tactile organic electrochemical transistors. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2101. [PMID: 35440125 PMCID: PMC9018749 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29773-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of continuous conducting polymer fibres is essential for applications ranging from advanced fibrous devices to frontier fabric electronics. The use of continuous conducting polymer fibres requires a small diameter to maximize their electroactive surface, microstructural orientation, and mechanical strength. However, regularly used wet spinning techniques have rarely achieved this goal due primarily to the insufficient slenderization of rapidly solidified conducting polymer molecules in poor solvents. Here we report a good solvent exchange strategy to wet spin the ultrafine polyaniline fibres. The slow diffusion between good solvents distinctly decreases the viscosity of protofibers, which undergo an impressive drawing ratio. The continuously collected polyaniline fibres have a previously unattained diameter below 5 µm, high energy and charge storage capacities, and favorable mechanical performance. We demonstrated an ultrathin all-solid organic electrochemical transistor based on ultrafine polyaniline fibres, which operated as a tactile sensor detecting pressure and friction forces at different levels.
Collapse
|
32
|
Liang C, Liu Y, Lu W, Tian G, Zhao Q, Yang D, Sun J, Qi D. Strategies for interface issues and challenges of neural electrodes. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:3346-3366. [PMID: 35179152 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr07226a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Neural electrodes, as a bridge for bidirectional communication between the body and external devices, are crucial means for detecting and controlling nerve activity. The electrodes play a vital role in monitoring the state of neural systems or influencing it to treat disease or restore functions. To achieve high-resolution, safe and long-term stable nerve recording and stimulation, a neural electrode with excellent electrochemical performance (e.g., impedance, charge storage capacity, charge injection limit), and good biocompatibility and stability is required. Here, the charge transfer process in the tissues, the electrode-tissue interfaces and the electrode materials are discussed respectively. Subsequently, the latest research methods and strategies for improving the electrochemical performance and biocompatibility of neural electrodes are reviewed. Finally, the challenges in the development of neural electrodes are proposed. It is expected that the development of neural electrodes will offer new opportunities for the evolution of neural prosthesis, bioelectronic medicine, brain science, and so on.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cuiyuan Liang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China.
| | - Yan Liu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China.
| | - Weihong Lu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China.
| | - Gongwei Tian
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China.
| | - Qinyi Zhao
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China.
| | - Dan Yang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China.
| | - Jing Sun
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China.
| | - Dianpeng Qi
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Silicon Carbide Technology for Advanced Human Healthcare Applications. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13030346. [PMID: 35334637 PMCID: PMC8949526 DOI: 10.3390/mi13030346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Silicon carbide (SiC) is a highly robust semiconductor material that has the potential to revolutionize implantable medical devices for human healthcare, such as biosensors and neuro-implants, to enable advanced biomedical therapeutic applications for humans. SiC is both bio and hemocompatible, and is already commercially used for long-term human in vivo applications ranging from heart stent coatings and dental implants to short-term diagnostic applications involving neural implants and sensors. One challenge facing the medical community today is the lack of biocompatible materials which are inherently smart or, in other words, capable of electronic functionality. Such devices are currently implemented using silicon technology, which either has to be hermetically sealed so it does not directly interact with biological tissue or has a short lifetime due to instabilities in vivo. Long-term, permanently implanted devices such as glucose sensors, neural interfaces, smart bone and organ implants, etc., require a more robust material that does not degrade over time and is not recognized and rejected as a foreign object by the inflammatory response. SiC has displayed these exceptional material properties, which opens up a whole new host of applications and allows for the development of many advanced biomedical devices never before possible for long-term use in vivo. This paper is a review of the state-of-the art and discusses cutting-edge device applications where SiC medical devices are poised to translate to the commercial marketplace.
Collapse
|
34
|
Miao BA, Meng L, Tian B. Biology-guided engineering of bioelectrical interfaces. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2022; 7:94-111. [PMID: 34904138 DOI: 10.1039/d1nh00538c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bioelectrical interfaces that bridge biotic and abiotic systems have heightened the ability to monitor, understand, and manipulate biological systems and are catalyzing profound progress in neuroscience research, treatments for heart failure, and microbial energy systems. With advances in nanotechnology, bifunctional and high-density devices with tailored structural designs are being developed to enable multiplexed recording or stimulation across multiple spatial and temporal scales with resolution down to millisecond-nanometer interfaces, enabling efficient and effective communication with intracellular electrical activities in a relatively noninvasive and biocompatible manner. This review provides an overview of how biological systems guide the design, engineering, and implementation of bioelectrical interfaces for biomedical applications. We investigate recent advances in bioelectrical interfaces for applications in nervous, cardiac, and microbial systems, and we also discuss the outlook of state-of-the-art biology-guided bioelectrical interfaces with high biocompatibility, extended long-term stability, and integrated system functionality for potential clinical usage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette A Miao
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | - Lingyuan Meng
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | - Bozhi Tian
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
- The James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Fu X, Li G, Niu Y, Xu J, Wang P, Zhou Z, Ye Z, Liu X, Xu Z, Yang Z, Zhang Y, Lei T, Zhang B, Li Q, Cao A, Jiang T, Duan X. Carbon-Based Fiber Materials as Implantable Depth Neural Electrodes. Front Neurosci 2022; 15:771980. [PMID: 35002602 PMCID: PMC8730365 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.771980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Implantable brain electrophysiology electrodes are valuable tools in both fundamental and applied neuroscience due to their ability to record neural activity with high spatiotemporal resolution from shallow and deep brain regions. Their use has been hindered, however, by the challenges in achieving chronically stable operations. Furthermore, implantable depth neural electrodes can only carry out limited data sampling within predefined anatomical regions, making it challenging to perform large-area brain mapping. Minimizing inflammatory responses and associated gliosis formation, and improving the durability and stability of the electrode insulation layers are critical to achieve long-term stable neural recording and stimulation. Combining electrophysiological measurements with simultaneous whole-brain imaging techniques, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), provides a useful solution to alleviate the challenge in scalability of implantable depth electrodes. In recent years, various carbon-based materials have been used to fabricate flexible neural depth electrodes with reduced inflammatory responses and MRI-compatible electrodes, which allows structural and functional MRI mapping of the whole brain without obstructing any brain regions around the electrodes. Here, we conducted a systematic comparative evaluation on the electrochemical properties, mechanical properties, and MRI compatibility of different kinds of carbon-based fiber materials, including carbon nanotube fibers, graphene fibers, and carbon fibers. We also developed a strategy to improve the stability of the electrode insulation without sacrificing the flexibility of the implantable depth electrodes by sandwiching an inorganic barrier layer inside the polymer insulation film. These studies provide us with important insights into choosing the most suitable materials for next-generation implantable depth electrodes with unique capabilities for applications in both fundamental and translational neuroscience research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Fu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Gen Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yutao Niu
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Advanced Materials Division, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, China
| | - Jingcao Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Puxin Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoxiao Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziming Ye
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziqian Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongyi Zhang
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Advanced Materials Division, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, China
| | - Ting Lei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Baogui Zhang
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Qingwen Li
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Advanced Materials Division, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, China
| | - Anyuan Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianzai Jiang
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojie Duan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China.,National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Cho KW, Sunwoo SH, Hong YJ, Koo JH, Kim JH, Baik S, Hyeon T, Kim DH. Soft Bioelectronics Based on Nanomaterials. Chem Rev 2021; 122:5068-5143. [PMID: 34962131 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in nanostructured materials and unconventional device designs have transformed the bioelectronics from a rigid and bulky form into a soft and ultrathin form and brought enormous advantages to the bioelectronics. For example, mechanical deformability of the soft bioelectronics and thus its conformal contact onto soft curved organs such as brain, heart, and skin have allowed researchers to measure high-quality biosignals, deliver real-time feedback treatments, and lower long-term side-effects in vivo. Here, we review various materials, fabrication methods, and device strategies for flexible and stretchable electronics, especially focusing on soft biointegrated electronics using nanomaterials and their composites. First, we summarize top-down material processing and bottom-up synthesis methods of various nanomaterials. Next, we discuss state-of-the-art technologies for intrinsically stretchable nanocomposites composed of nanostructured materials incorporated in elastomers or hydrogels. We also briefly discuss unconventional device design strategies for soft bioelectronics. Then individual device components for soft bioelectronics, such as biosensing, data storage, display, therapeutic stimulation, and power supply devices, are introduced. Afterward, representative application examples of the soft bioelectronics are described. A brief summary with a discussion on remaining challenges concludes the review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Won Cho
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hyuk Sunwoo
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongseok Joseph Hong
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Hoon Koo
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyun Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungmin Baik
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeghwan Hyeon
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hyeong Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Vajrala VS, Saunier V, Nowak LG, Flahaut E, Bergaud C, Maziz A. Nanofibrous PEDOT-Carbon Composite on Flexible Probes for Soft Neural Interfacing. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:780197. [PMID: 34900968 PMCID: PMC8662776 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.780197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we report a flexible implantable 4-channel microelectrode probe coated with highly porous and robust nanocomposite of poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and carbon nanofiber (CNF) as a solid doping template for high-performance in vivo neuronal recording and stimulation. A simple yet well-controlled deposition strategy was developed via in situ electrochemical polymerization technique to create a porous network of PEDOT and CNFs on a flexible 4-channel gold microelectrode probe. Different morphological and electrochemical characterizations showed that they exhibit remarkable and superior electrochemical properties, yielding microelectrodes combining high surface area, low impedance (16.8 ± 2 MΩ µm2 at 1 kHz) and elevated charge injection capabilities (7.6 ± 1.3 mC/cm2) that exceed those of pure and composite PEDOT layers. In addition, the PEDOT-CNF composite electrode exhibited extended biphasic charge cycle endurance and excellent performance under accelerated lifetime testing, resulting in a negligible physical delamination and/or degradation for long periods of electrical stimulation. In vitro testing on mouse brain slices showed that they can record spontaneous oscillatory field potentials as well as single-unit action potentials and allow to safely deliver electrical stimulation for evoking field potentials. The combined superior electrical properties, durability and 3D microstructure topology of the PEDOT-CNF composite electrodes demonstrate outstanding potential for developing future neural surface interfacing applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Valentin Saunier
- Laboratory for Analysis and Architecture of Systems (LAAS), CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Lionel G Nowak
- Centre de Recherche Cerveau et Cognition (CerCo), CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Christian Bergaud
- Laboratory for Analysis and Architecture of Systems (LAAS), CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Ali Maziz
- Laboratory for Analysis and Architecture of Systems (LAAS), CNRS, Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Xu B, Pei J, Feng L, Zhang XD. Graphene and graphene-related materials as brain electrodes. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:9485-9496. [PMID: 34797365 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01795k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Neural electrodes are used for acquiring neuron signals in brain-machine interfaces, and they are crucial for next-generation neuron engineering and related medical applications. Thus, developing flexible, stable and high-resolution neural electrodes will play an important role in stimulation, acquisition, recording and analysis of signals. Compared with traditional metallic electrodes, electrodes based on graphene and other two-dimensional materials have attracted wide attention in electrophysiological recording and stimulation due to their excellent physical properties such as unique flexibility, low resistance, and high optical transparency. In this review, we have reviewed the recent progress of electrodes based on graphene, graphene/polymer compounds and graphene-related materials for neuron signal recording, stimulation, and related optical signal coupling technology, which provides an outlook on the role of electrodes in the nanotechnology-neuron interface as well as medical diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boyu Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neuroengineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Jiahui Pei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neuroengineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Liefeng Feng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neuroengineering, Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Zeng Q, Li X, Zhang S, Deng C, Wu T. Think big, see small—A review of nanomaterials for neural interfaces. NANO SELECT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202100256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zeng
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen P.R. China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen P.R. China
| | - Xiaojian Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen‐Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science‐Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions Shenzhen P.R. China
| | - Shiyun Zhang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen P.R. China
| | - Chunshan Deng
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen‐Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science‐Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions Shenzhen P.R. China
| | - Tianzhun Wu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Health Bioinformatics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Zhang H, Liu Y, Zhou K, Wei W, Liu Y. Restoring Sensorimotor Function Through Neuromodulation After Spinal Cord Injury: Progress and Remaining Challenges. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:749465. [PMID: 34720867 PMCID: PMC8551759 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.749465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a major disability that results in motor and sensory impairment and extensive complications for the affected individuals which not only affect the quality of life of the patients but also result in a heavy burden for their families and the health care system. Although there are few clinically effective treatments for SCI, research over the past few decades has resulted in several novel treatment strategies which are related to neuromodulation. Neuromodulation-the use of neuromodulators, electrical stimulation or optogenetics to modulate neuronal activity-can substantially promote the recovery of sensorimotor function after SCI. Recent studies have shown that neuromodulation, in combination with other technologies, can allow paralyzed patients to carry out intentional, controlled movement, and promote sensory recovery. Although such treatments hold promise for completely overcoming SCI, the mechanisms by which neuromodulation has this effect have been difficult to determine. Here we review recent progress relative to electrical neuromodulation and optogenetics neuromodulation. We also examine potential mechanisms by which these methods may restore sensorimotor function. We then highlight the strengths of these approaches and remaining challenges with respect to its application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yaping Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yaobo Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Cho YH, Park YG, Kim S, Park JU. 3D Electrodes for Bioelectronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2005805. [PMID: 34013548 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202005805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent studies related to bioelectronics, significant efforts have been made to form 3D electrodes to increase the effective surface area or to optimize the transfer of signals at tissue-electrode interfaces. Although bioelectronic devices with 2D and flat electrode structures have been used extensively for monitoring biological signals, these 2D planar electrodes have made it difficult to form biocompatible and uniform interfaces with nonplanar and soft biological systems (at the cellular or tissue levels). Especially, recent biomedical applications have been expanding rapidly toward 3D organoids and the deep tissues of living animals, and 3D bioelectrodes are getting significant attention because they can reach the deep regions of various 3D tissues. An overview of recent studies on 3D bioelectronic devices, such as the use of electrical stimulations and the recording of neural signals from biological subjects, is presented. Subsequently, the recent developments in materials and fabrication processing to 3D micro- and nanostructures are introduced, followed by broad applications of these 3D bioelectronic devices at various in vitro and in vivo conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yo Han Cho
- Nano Science Technology Institute, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (NanoBME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Geun Park
- Nano Science Technology Institute, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (NanoBME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumin Kim
- Nano Science Technology Institute, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (NanoBME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Ung Park
- Nano Science Technology Institute, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (NanoBME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wei W, Wang X. Graphene-Based Electrode Materials for Neural Activity Detection. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:6170. [PMID: 34683762 PMCID: PMC8539724 DOI: 10.3390/ma14206170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The neural electrode technique is a powerful tool for monitoring and regulating neural activity, which has a wide range of applications in basic neuroscience and the treatment of neurological diseases. Constructing a high-performance electrode-nerve interface is required for the long-term stable detection of neural signals by electrodes. However, conventional neural electrodes are mainly fabricated from rigid materials that do not match the mechanical properties of soft neural tissues, thus limiting the high-quality recording of neuroelectric signals. Meanwhile, graphene-based nanomaterials can form stable electrode-nerve interfaces due to their high conductivity, excellent flexibility, and biocompatibility. In this literature review, we describe various graphene-based electrodes and their potential application in neural activity detection. We also discuss the biological safety of graphene neural electrodes, related challenges, and their prospects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weichen Wei
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;
| | - Xuejiao Wang
- Fujian Provincial University Engineering Research Center of Industrial Biocatalysis, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Wang Y, Garg R, Hartung JE, Goad A, Patel DA, Vitale F, Gold MS, Gogotsi Y, Cohen-Karni T. Ti 3C 2T x MXene Flakes for Optical Control of Neuronal Electrical Activity. ACS NANO 2021; 15:14662-14671. [PMID: 34431659 PMCID: PMC9285622 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c04431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Understanding cellular electrical communications in both health and disease necessitates precise subcellular electrophysiological modulation. Nanomaterial-assisted photothermal stimulation was demonstrated to modulate cellular activity with high spatiotemporal resolution. Ideal candidates for such an application are expected to have high absorbance at the near-infrared window, high photothermal conversion efficiency, and straightforward scale-up of production to allow future translation. Here, we demonstrate two-dimensional Ti3C2Tx (MXene) as an outstanding candidate for remote, nongenetic, optical modulation of neuronal electrical activity with high spatiotemporal resolution. Ti3C2Tx's photothermal response measured at the single-flake level resulted in local temperature rises of 2.31 ± 0.03 and 3.30 ± 0.02 K for 635 and 808 nm laser pulses (1 ms, 10 mW), respectively. Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons incubated with Ti3C2Tx film (25 μg/cm2) or Ti3C2Tx flake dispersion (100 μg/mL) for 6 days did not show a detectable influence on cellular viability, indicating that Ti3C2Tx is noncytotoxic. DRG neurons were photothermally stimulated using Ti3C2Tx films and flakes with as low as tens of microjoules per pulse incident energy (635 nm, 2 μJ for film, 18 μJ for flake) with subcellular targeting resolution. Ti3C2Tx's straightforward and large-scale synthesis allows translation of the reported photothermal stimulation approach in multiple scales, thus presenting a powerful tool for modulating electrophysiology from single-cell to additive manufacturing of engineered tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingqiao Wang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie
Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Raghav Garg
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie
Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Jane E. Hartung
- Department
of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Adam Goad
- A.J.
Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science
and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Dipna A. Patel
- A.J.
Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science
and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Flavia Vitale
- Department
of Neurology, Department of Bioengineering, Department of Physical
Medicine & Rehabilitation, and Center for Neuroengineering and
Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Center
for
Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration, and Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Michael S. Gold
- Department
of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Yury Gogotsi
- A.J.
Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science
and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Tzahi Cohen-Karni
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie
Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Nimbalkar S, Samejima S, Dang V, Hunt T, Nunez O, Moritz C, Kassegne S. Graphene on glassy carbon microelectrodes demonstrate long-term structural and functional stability in neurophysiological recording and stimulation. J Neural Eng 2021; 18. [PMID: 34492644 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ac245a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective.There is a growing interest in the use of carbon and its allotropes for microelectrodes in neural probes because of their inertness, long-term electrical and electrochemical stability, and versatility. Building on this interest, we introduce a new electrode material system consisting of an ultra-thin monoatomic layer of graphene (Gr) mechanically supported by a relatively thicker layer of glassy carbon (GC).Approach.Due to its high electrical conductivity and high double-layer capacitance, Gr has impressive electrical and electrochemical properties, two key properties that are useful for neural recording and stimulation applications. However, because of its two-dimensional nature, Gr exhibits a lack of stiffness in the transverse direction and hence almost non-existent flexural and out-of-plane rigidity that will severely limit its wider use. On the other hand, GC is one of carbon's important allotropes and consists of three-dimensional microstructures of Gr fragments with a natural molecular similarity to Gr. Further, GC has exceptional chemical inertness, good electrical properties, high electrochemical stability, purely capacitive charge injection, and fast surface electrokinetics coupled with lithography patternability. This makes GC an ideal candidate for addressing Gr's lack of out-of-plane rigidity through providing a matching sturdier and robust mechanical backing. Combining the strengths of these two allotropes of carbon, we introduce a new neural probe that consists of ∼1 nm thick layer of patterned Gr microelectrodes supported by another layer of 3-5μm thick patterned GC.Main results. We present the fabrication technology for the newGr on GC(graphene on glassy carbon) microelectrodes and the accompanying pattern transfer technology on flexible substrate and report on the bond between these two allotropes of carbon through FTIR, surface morphology through SEM, topography through atomic force microscopy, and microstructure imaging through scanning transmission electron microscopy. A long-term (18 weeks)in vivostudy of the use of theseGr on GCmicroelectrodes assessed the quality of the electrocorticography-based neural signal recording and stimulation through electrophysiological measurements. The probes were demonstrated to be functionally and structurally stable over the 18 week period with minimal glial response-the longest reported so far for Gr-based microelectrodes.Significance.TheGr on GCmicroelectrodes presented here offers a compelling case for expanding the potentials of Gr-based technology in the broad areas of neural probes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Surabhi Nimbalkar
- NanoFAB.SDSU Research Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, United States of America.,NSF-ERC Center for Neurotechnology (CNT), Seattle, WA 98195, United States of America
| | - Soshi Samejima
- Departments of Electrical & Computer Engineering, and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America.,NSF-ERC Center for Neurotechnology (CNT), Seattle, WA 98195, United States of America
| | - Viet Dang
- Departments of Electrical & Computer Engineering, and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America.,NSF-ERC Center for Neurotechnology (CNT), Seattle, WA 98195, United States of America
| | - Trevor Hunt
- NanoFAB.SDSU Research Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, United States of America.,NSF-ERC Center for Neurotechnology (CNT), Seattle, WA 98195, United States of America
| | - Omar Nunez
- NanoFAB.SDSU Research Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, United States of America.,NSF-ERC Center for Neurotechnology (CNT), Seattle, WA 98195, United States of America
| | - Chet Moritz
- Departments of Electrical & Computer Engineering, and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America.,Departments of Physiology Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America.,NSF-ERC Center for Neurotechnology (CNT), Seattle, WA 98195, United States of America
| | - Sam Kassegne
- NanoFAB.SDSU Research Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, United States of America.,NSF-ERC Center for Neurotechnology (CNT), Seattle, WA 98195, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Gonzalez-Gonzalez MA, Bendale GS, Wang K, Wallace GG, Romero-Ortega M. Platinized graphene fiber electrodes uncover direct spleen-vagus communication. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1097. [PMID: 34535751 PMCID: PMC8448843 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02628-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural interfacing nerve fascicles along the splenic neurovascular plexus (SNVP) is needed to better understand the spleen physiology, and for selective neuromodulation of this major organ. However, their small size and anatomical location have proven to be a significant challenge. Here, we use a reduced liquid crystalline graphene oxide (rGO) fiber coated with platinum (Pt) as a super-flexible suture-like electrode to interface multiple SNVP. The Pt-rGO fibers work as a handover knot electrodes over the small SNVP, allowing sensitive recording from four splenic nerve terminal branches (SN 1–4), to uncover differential activity and axon composition among them. Here, the asymmetric defasciculation of the SN branches is revealed by electron microscopy, and the functional compartmentalization in spleen innervation is evidenced in response to hypoxia and pharmacological modulation of mean arterial pressure. We demonstrate that electrical stimulation of cervical and sub-diaphragmatic vagus nerve (VN), evokes activity in a subset of SN terminal branches, providing evidence for a direct VN control over the spleen. This notion is supported by adenoviral tract-tracing of SN branches, revealing an unconventional direct brain-spleen projection. High-performance Pt-rGO fiber electrodes, may be used for the fine neural modulation of other small neurovascular plexus at the point of entry of major organs as a bioelectronic medical alternative. Gonzalez-Gonzalez et al. use high-performance platinized graphene fiber electrodes to interface individual neurovascular plexus that innervate the spleen. Their approach provides evidence for distinct function of individual spleen terminal branches in organ function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Gonzalez-Gonzalez
- Biomedical Engineering and Biomedical Sciences, University of Houston, Health 2, 4849 Calhoun Rd., Room 6014, Houston, TX, 77204-6064, USA
| | - Geetanjali S Bendale
- Biomedical Engineering and Biomedical Sciences, University of Houston, Health 2, 4849 Calhoun Rd., Room 6014, Houston, TX, 77204-6064, USA
| | - Kezhong Wang
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Gordon G Wallace
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Mario Romero-Ortega
- Biomedical Engineering and Biomedical Sciences, University of Houston, Health 2, 4849 Calhoun Rd., Room 6014, Houston, TX, 77204-6064, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Sarica C, Iorio-Morin C, Aguirre-Padilla DH, Najjar A, Paff M, Fomenko A, Yamamoto K, Zemmar A, Lipsman N, Ibrahim GM, Hamani C, Hodaie M, Lozano AM, Munhoz RP, Fasano A, Kalia SK. Implantable Pulse Generators for Deep Brain Stimulation: Challenges, Complications, and Strategies for Practicality and Longevity. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:708481. [PMID: 34512295 PMCID: PMC8427803 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.708481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) represents an important treatment modality for movement disorders and other circuitopathies. Despite their miniaturization and increasing sophistication, DBS systems share a common set of components of which the implantable pulse generator (IPG) is the core power supply and programmable element. Here we provide an overview of key hardware and software specifications of commercially available IPG systems such as rechargeability, MRI compatibility, electrode configuration, pulse delivery, IPG case architecture, and local field potential sensing. We present evidence-based approaches to mitigate hardware complications, of which infection represents the most important factor. Strategies correlating positively with decreased complications include antibiotic impregnation and co-administration and other surgical considerations during IPG implantation such as the use of tack-up sutures and smaller profile devices.Strategies aimed at maximizing battery longevity include patient-related elements such as reliability of IPG recharging or consistency of nightly device shutoff, and device-specific such as parameter delivery, choice of lead configuration, implantation location, and careful selection of electrode materials to minimize impedance mismatch. Finally, experimental DBS systems such as ultrasound, magnetoelectric nanoparticles, and near-infrared that use extracorporeal powered neuromodulation strategies are described as potential future directions for minimally invasive treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Can Sarica
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christian Iorio-Morin
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - David H Aguirre-Padilla
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, Center Campus, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ahmed Najjar
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michelle Paff
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Anton Fomenko
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kazuaki Yamamoto
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ajmal Zemmar
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Neurosurgery, Henan University School of Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Nir Lipsman
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - George M Ibrahim
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Clement Hamani
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mojgan Hodaie
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,CRANIA Center for Advancing Neurotechnological Innovation to Application, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andres M Lozano
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,CRANIA Center for Advancing Neurotechnological Innovation to Application, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Renato P Munhoz
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, and Division of Neurology, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alfonso Fasano
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,CRANIA Center for Advancing Neurotechnological Innovation to Application, University of Toronto, ON, Canada.,Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, and Division of Neurology, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Suneil K Kalia
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,CRANIA Center for Advancing Neurotechnological Innovation to Application, University of Toronto, ON, Canada.,KITE, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Devi M, Vomero M, Fuhrer E, Castagnola E, Gueli C, Nimbalkar S, Hirabayashi M, Kassegne S, Stieglitz T, Sharma S. Carbon-based neural electrodes: promises and challenges. J Neural Eng 2021; 18. [PMID: 34404037 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ac1e45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Neural electrodes are primary functional elements of neuroelectronic devices designed to record neural activity based on electrochemical signals. These electrodes may also be utilized for electrically stimulating the neural cells, such that their response can be simultaneously recorded. In addition to being medically safe, the electrode material should be electrically conductive and electrochemically stable under harsh biological environments. Mechanical flexibility and conformability, resistance to crack formation and compatibility with common microfabrication techniques are equally desirable properties. Traditionally, (noble) metals have been the preferred for neural electrode applications due to their proven biosafety and a relatively high electrical conductivity. Carbon is a recent addition to this list, which is far superior in terms of its electrochemical stability and corrosion resistance. Carbon has also enabled 3D electrode fabrication as opposed to the thin-film based 2D structures. One of carbon's peculiar aspects is its availability in a wide range of allotropes with specialized properties that render it highly versatile. These variations, however, also make it difficult to understand carbon itself as a unique material, and thus, each allotrope is often regarded independently. Some carbon types have already shown promising results in bioelectronic medicine, while many others remain potential candidates. In this topical review, we first provide a broad overview of the neuroelectronic devices and the basic requirements of an electrode material. We subsequently discuss the carbon family of materials and their properties that are useful in neural applications. Examples of devices fabricated using bulk and nano carbon materials are reviewed and critically compared. We then summarize the challenges, future prospects and next-generation carbon technology that can be helpful in the field of neural sciences. The article aims at providing a common platform to neuroscientists, electrochemists, biologists, microsystems engineers and carbon scientists to enable active and comprehensive efforts directed towards carbon-based neuroelectronic device fabrication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mamta Devi
- School of Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, Himachal Pradesh 175075, India
| | - Maria Vomero
- Bioelectronic Systems Laboratory, Columbia University, 500 West 120th Street, New York, NY 10027, United States of America
| | - Erwin Fuhrer
- School of Computing and Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, Himachal Pradesh 175075 India
| | - Elisa Castagnola
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America
| | - Calogero Gueli
- Laboratory for Biomedical Microtechnology, Department of Microsystems Engineering-IMTEK, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 080, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Surabhi Nimbalkar
- NanoFAB.SDSU Research Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, San Diego State University and NSF-ERC Center for Neurotechnology (CNT), 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, United States of America
| | - Mieko Hirabayashi
- NanoFAB.SDSU Research Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, San Diego State University and NSF-ERC Center for Neurotechnology (CNT), 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, United States of America
| | - Sam Kassegne
- NanoFAB.SDSU Research Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, San Diego State University and NSF-ERC Center for Neurotechnology (CNT), 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, United States of America
| | - Thomas Stieglitz
- Laboratory for Biomedical Microtechnology, Department of Microsystems Engineering-IMTEK, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 080, 79110 Freiburg, Germany.,BrainLinks-BrainTools Center, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 080, 79110 Freiburg, Germany.,Bernstein Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Hansastr. 9a, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Swati Sharma
- School of Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, Himachal Pradesh 175075, India
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Feng C, Frewin CL, Tanjil MRE, Everly R, Bieber J, Kumar A, Wang MC, Saddow SE. A Flexible a-SiC-Based Neural Interface Utilizing Pyrolyzed-Photoresist Film (C) Active Sites. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:821. [PMID: 34357231 PMCID: PMC8304835 DOI: 10.3390/mi12070821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Carbon containing materials, such as graphene, carbon-nanotubes (CNT), and graphene oxide, have gained prominence as possible electrodes in implantable neural interfaces due to their excellent conductive properties. While carbon is a promising electrochemical interface, many fabrication processes are difficult to perform, leading to issues with large scale device production and overall repeatability. Here we demonstrate that carbon electrodes and traces constructed from pyrolyzed-photoresist-film (PPF) when combined with amorphous silicon carbide (a-SiC) insulation could be fabricated with repeatable processes which use tools easily available in most semiconductor facilities. Directly forming PPF on a-SiC simplified the fabrication process which eliminates noble metal evaporation/sputtering and lift-off processes on small features. PPF electrodes in oxygenated phosphate buffered solution at pH 7.4 demonstrated excellent electrochemical charge storage capacity (CSC) of 14.16 C/cm2, an impedance of 24.8 ± 0.4 kΩ, and phase angle of -35.9 ± 0.6° at 1 kHz with a 1.9 kµm2 recording site area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenyin Feng
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA;
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA; (M.R.-E.T.); (A.K.); (M.C.W.)
| | | | - Md Rubayat-E Tanjil
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA; (M.R.-E.T.); (A.K.); (M.C.W.)
| | - Richard Everly
- Nanotechnology Research & Education Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA; (R.E.); (J.B.)
| | - Jay Bieber
- Nanotechnology Research & Education Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA; (R.E.); (J.B.)
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA; (M.R.-E.T.); (A.K.); (M.C.W.)
| | - Michael Cai Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA; (M.R.-E.T.); (A.K.); (M.C.W.)
| | - Stephen E. Saddow
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA;
- Department of Medical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Bruschi A, Donati DM, Choong P, Lucarelli E, Wallace G. Dielectric Elastomer Actuators, Neuromuscular Interfaces, and Foreign Body Response in Artificial Neuromuscular Prostheses: A Review of the Literature for an In Vivo Application. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100041. [PMID: 34085772 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The inability to replace human muscle in surgical practice is a significant challenge. An artificial muscle controlled by the nervous system is considered a potential solution for this. Here, this is defined as a neuromuscular prosthesis. Muscle loss and dysfunction related to musculoskeletal oncological impairments, neuromuscular diseases, trauma or spinal cord injuries can be treated through artificial muscle implantation. At present, the use of dielectric elastomer actuators working as capacitors appears a promising option. Acrylic or silicone elastomers with carbon nanotubes functioning as the electrode achieve mechanical performances similar to human muscle in vitro. However, mechanical, electrical, and biological issues have prevented clinical application to date. Here materials and mechatronic solutions are presented which can tackle current clinical problems associated with implanting an artificial muscle controlled by the nervous system. Progress depends on the improvement of the actuation properties of the elastomer, seamless or wireless integration between the nervous system and the artificial muscle, and on reducing the foreign body response. It is believed that by combining the mechanical, electrical, and biological solutions proposed here, an artificial neuromuscular prosthesis may be a reality in surgical practice in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Bruschi
- 3rd Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Clinic prevalently Oncologic IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli Via Pupilli 1 Bologna 40136 Italy
| | - Davide Maria Donati
- 3rd Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Clinic prevalently Oncologic IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli Via Pupilli 1 Bologna 40136 Italy
| | - Peter Choong
- University of Melbourne–Department of Surgery St. Vincent's Hospital Fitzroy Melbourne Victoria 3065 Australia
| | - Enrico Lucarelli
- Unit of Orthopaedic Pathology and Osteoarticular Tissue Regeneration 3rdOrthopaedic and Traumatologic Clinic Prevalently Oncologic IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli Via di Barbiano 1/10 Bologna 40136 Italy
| | - Gordon Wallace
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science AIIM Facility University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Jalili AR, Satalov A, Nazari S, Rahmat Suryanto BH, Sun J, Ghasemian MB, Mayyas M, Kandjani AE, Sabri YM, Mayes E, Bhargava SK, Araki J, Zakri C, Poulin P, Esrafilzadeh D, Amal R. Liquid Crystal-Mediated 3D Printing Process to Fabricate Nano-Ordered Layered Structures. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:28627-28638. [PMID: 34110785 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c05025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of three-dimensional (3D) printing promises a disruption in the design and on-demand fabrication of smart structures in applications ranging from functional devices to human organs. However, the scale at which 3D printing excels is within macro- and microlevels and principally lacks the spatial ordering of building blocks at nanolevels, which is vital for most multifunctional devices. Herein, we employ liquid crystal (LC) inks to bridge the gap between the nano- and microscales in a single-step 3D printing. The LC ink is prepared from mixtures of LCs of nanocellulose whiskers and large sheets of graphene oxide, which offers a highly ordered laminar organization not inherently present in the source materials. LC-mediated 3D printing imparts the fine-tuning required for the design freedom of architecturally layered systems at the nanoscale with intricate patterns within the 3D-printed constructs. This approach empowered the development of a high-performance humidity sensor composed of self-assembled lamellar organization of NC whiskers. We observed that the NC whiskers that are flat and parallel to each other in the laminar organization allow facile mass transport through the structure, demonstrating a significant improvement in the sensor performance. This work exemplifies how LC ink, implemented in a 3D printing process, can unlock the potential of individual constituents to allow macroscopic printing architectures with nanoscopic arrangements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Rouhollah Jalili
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alexandra Satalov
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 9, Hannover 30167, Germany
| | - Sahar Nazari
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bryan Harry Rahmat Suryanto
- Australian Centre for Electromaterials Science, School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jing Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mohammad Bagher Ghasemian
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mohannad Mayyas
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ahmad E Kandjani
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne 3001, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ylias M Sabri
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne 3001, Victoria, Australia
| | - Edwin Mayes
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne 3001, Victoria, Australia
| | - Suresh K Bhargava
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne 3001, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jun Araki
- Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda 386-8567, Nagano prefecture, Japan
- Institute for Fiber Engineering (IFES), Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER), Shinshu University, Tokida 3-15-1, Ueda 386-8567, Nagano prefecture, Japan
| | - Cécile Zakri
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal-CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Pessac 33600, France
| | - Philippe Poulin
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal-CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Pessac 33600, France
| | - Dorna Esrafilzadeh
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2031, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rose Amal
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney 2052, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|