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Liu Z, Sun YH, Ren Y, Perez JM, Scott D, Tamminga C. Upregulated solute-carrier family genes in the hippocampus of schizophrenia can be rescued by antipsychotic medications. Schizophr Res 2024; 272:39-50. [PMID: 39182310 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Our previous studies have found that functional changes in the hippocampal circuit from dentate gyrus (DG) to cornu ammonis 3 and 1 (CA3, CA1) are highly associated with schizophrenia (SZ). However, no studies have explored the genetic expression across the three and two human hippocampal subfields (DG-CA3-CA1 and CA3-CA1) between subjects with SZ and healthy controls (CT). STUDY DESIGN We matched cohorts between CT (n = 13) and SZ (n = 13). Among SZ, 6 subjects were on antipsychotics (AP) while 7 were off AP. We combined RNA-seq data from all three and two hippocampal subfields and performed differentially expressed gene analyses across DG-CA3-CA1 and CA3-CA1 affected by either SZ or AP. STUDY RESULTS We found that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from effects of SZ and AP across DG-CA3-CA1 and CA3-CA1 were highly associated with gene ontology terms related to hormonal and immune signaling, cellular mitosis and apoptosis, ion and amino acid transports, and protein modification and degradation. Additionally, we found that multiple genes related to solute-carrier family and immune signaling were significantly upregulated across DG-CA3-CA1 and CA3-CA1 in patients with SZ relative to CT, and AP consistently and robustly repressed the expression of these upregulated genes in the DG-CA3-CA1 and CA3-CA1 from subjects with SZ. CONCLUSIONS Together, these data suggest that the upregulated solute-carrier family genes in the hippocampus might have important roles in the pathophysiology of SZ, and that AP may reduce the symptoms of psychosis in SZ via rescuing the solute-carrier gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengshan Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America.
| | - Yu H Sun
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Yue Ren
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States of America
| | - Jessica Marie Perez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
| | - Daniel Scott
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
| | - Carol Tamminga
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
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2
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Refai O, Rodriguez P, Gichi Z, Blakely RD. Forward genetic screen of the C. elegans million mutation library reveals essential, cell-autonomous contributions of BBSome proteins to dopamine signaling. J Neurochem 2024. [PMID: 39118406 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is well known for its ability to support forward genetic screens to identify molecules involved in neuronal viability and signaling. The proteins involved in C. elegans dopamine (DA) regulation are highly conserved across evolution, with prior work demonstrating that the model can serve as an efficient platform to identify novel genes involved in disease-associated processes. To identify novel players in DA signaling, we took advantage of a recently developed library of pre-sequenced mutant nematodes arising from the million mutation project (MMP) to identify strains that display the DA-dependent swimming-induced-paralysis phenotype (Swip). Our screen identified novel mutations in the dopamine transporter encoding gene dat-1, whose loss was previously used to identify the Swip phenotype, as well as multiple genes with previously unknown connections to DA signaling. Here, we present our isolation and characterization of one of these genes, bbs-1, previously linked to the function of primary cilia in worms and higher organisms, including humans, and where loss-of-function mutations result in a human disorder known as Bardet-Biedl syndrome. Our studies of C. elegans BBS-1 protein, as well as other proteins that are known to be assembled into a higher order complex (the BBSome) reveal that functional or structural disruption of this complex leads to exaggerated C. elegans DA signaling to produce Swip via a cell-autonomous mechanism. We provide evidence that not only does the proper function of cilia in C. elegans DA neurons support normal swimming behavior, but also that bbs-1 maintains normal levels of DAT-1 trafficking or function via a RHO-1 and SWIP-13/MAPK-15 dependent pathway where mutants may contribute to Swip independent of altered ciliary function. Together, these studies demonstrate novel contributors to DA neuron function in the worm and demonstrate the utility and efficiency of forward genetic screens using the MMP library.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Refai
- Department of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
| | - Peter Rodriguez
- Department of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
| | - Zayna Gichi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
| | - Randy D Blakely
- Department of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
- Stiles-Nicholson Brain Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, Florida, USA
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3
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McCall JL, Geldenhuys WJ, Robinson LJ, Witt MR, Gannett PM, Söderberg BCG, Blair HC, Soboloff J, Barnett JB. Preclinical evaluation of ELP-004 in mice. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2024; 12:e1230. [PMID: 38940379 PMCID: PMC11212004 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.1230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
This study provides a detailed understanding of the preclinical pharmacokinetics and metabolism of ELP-004, an osteoclast inhibitor in development for the treatment of bone erosion. Current treatments for arthritis, including biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, are not well-tolerated in a substantial subset of arthritis patients and are expensive; therefore, new treatments are needed. Pharmacokinetic parameters of ELP-004 were tested with intravenous, oral, and subcutaneous administration and found to be rapidly absorbed and distributed. We found that ELP-004 was non-mutagenic, did not induce chromosome aberrations, non-cardiotoxic, and had minimal off-target effects. Using in vitro hepatic systems, we found that ELP-004 is primarily metabolized by CYP1A2 and CYP2B6 and predicted metabolic pathways were identified. Finally, we show that ELP-004 inhibits osteoclast differentiation without suppressing overall T-cell function. These preclinical data will inform future development of an oral compound as well as in vivo efficacy studies in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie L. McCall
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell BiologyWest Virginia University School of MedicineMorgantownWest VirginiaUSA
- ExesaLibero Pharma, Inc.MorgantownWest VirginiaUSA
| | - Werner J. Geldenhuys
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesWest Virginia University School of PharmacyMorgantownWest VirginiaUSA
| | - Lisa J. Robinson
- Department of PathologyWest Virginia School of MedicineMorgantownWest VirginiaUSA
- Present address:
Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and ImmunologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA
| | - Michelle R. Witt
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell BiologyWest Virginia University School of MedicineMorgantownWest VirginiaUSA
- Department of PathologyWest Virginia School of MedicineMorgantownWest VirginiaUSA
| | - Peter M. Gannett
- College of PharmacyNova Southeastern UniversityFt. LauderdaleFloridaUSA
| | - Björn C. G. Söderberg
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of ChemistryWest Virginia UniversityMorgantownWest VirginiaUSA
| | - Harry C. Blair
- Departments of Pathology and Cell BiologyThe Pittsburgh VA Medical Center and the University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Jonathan Soboloff
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine and Department of Cancer and Cellular BiologyLewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - John B. Barnett
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell BiologyWest Virginia University School of MedicineMorgantownWest VirginiaUSA
- ExesaLibero Pharma, Inc.MorgantownWest VirginiaUSA
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4
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Belskaya A, Kurzina N, Savchenko A, Sukhanov I, Gromova A, Gainetdinov RR, Volnova A. Rats Lacking the Dopamine Transporter Display Inflexibility in Innate and Learned Behavior. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1270. [PMID: 38927477 PMCID: PMC11200708 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Playing a key role in the organization of striatal motor output, the dopamine (DA)-ergic system regulates both innate and complex learned behaviors. Growing evidence clearly indicates the involvement of the DA-ergic system in different forms of repetitive (perseverative) behavior. Some of these behaviors accompany such disorders as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), Tourette's syndrome, schizophrenia, and addiction. In this study, we have traced how the inflexibility of repetitive reactions in the recently developed animal model of hyper-DA-ergia, dopamine transporter knockout rats (DAT-KO rats), affects the realization of innate behavior (grooming) and the learning of spatial (learning and reversal learning in T-maze) and non-spatial (extinction of operant reaction) tasks. We found that the microstructure of grooming in DAT-KO rats significantly differed in comparison to control rats. DAT-KO rats more often demonstrated a fixed syntactic chain, making fewer errors and very rarely missing the chain steps in comparison to control rats. DAT-KO rats' behavior during inter-grooming intervals was completely different to the control animals. During learning and reversal learning in the T-maze, DAT-KO rats displayed pronounced patterns of hyperactivity and perseverative (stereotypical) activity, which led to worse learning and a worse performance of the task. Most of the DAT-KO rats could not properly learn the behavioral task in question. During re-learning, DAT-KO rats demonstrated rigid perseverative activity even in the absence of any reinforcement. In operant tasks, the mutant rats demonstrated poor extinction of operant lever pressing: they continued to perform lever presses despite no there being reinforcement. Our results suggest that abnormally elevated DA levels may be responsible for behavioral rigidity. It is conceivable that this phenomenon in DAT-KO rats reflects some of the behavioral traits observed in clinical conditions associated with endogenous or exogenous hyper-DA-ergia, such as schizophrenia, substance abuse, OCD, patients with Parkinson disease treated with DA mimetics, etc. Thus, DAT-KO rats may be a valuable behavioral model in the search for new pharmacological approaches to treat such illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Belskaya
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia; (A.B.)
| | - Natalia Kurzina
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia; (A.B.)
| | - Artem Savchenko
- Valdman Institute of Pharmacology, Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, Saint Petersburg 197022, Russia
| | - Ilya Sukhanov
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia; (A.B.)
- Valdman Institute of Pharmacology, Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, Saint Petersburg 197022, Russia
| | - Arina Gromova
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia; (A.B.)
- Biological Faculty, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Raul R. Gainetdinov
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia; (A.B.)
- Saint Petersburg University Hospital, Saint Petersburg 190121, Russia
| | - Anna Volnova
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia; (A.B.)
- Biological Faculty, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
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5
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Lauretani F, Giallauria F, Testa C, Zinni C, Lorenzi B, Zucchini I, Salvi M, Napoli R, Maggio MG. Dopamine Pharmacodynamics: New Insights. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5293. [PMID: 38791331 PMCID: PMC11121567 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Dopamine is a key neurotransmitter involved in physiological processes such as motor control, motivation, reward, cognitive function, and maternal and reproductive behaviors. Therefore, dysfunctions of the dopaminergic system are related to a plethora of human diseases. Dopamine, via different circuitries implicated in compulsive behavior, reward, and habit formation, also represents a key player in substance use disorder and the formation and perpetuation of mechanisms leading to addiction. Here, we propose dopamine as a model not only of neurotransmission but also of neuromodulation capable of modifying neuronal architecture. Abuse of substances like methamphetamine, cocaine, and alcohol and their consumption over time can induce changes in neuronal activities. These modifications lead to synaptic plasticity and finally to morphological and functional changes, starting from maladaptive neuro-modulation and ending in neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulvio Lauretani
- Geriatric Clinic Unit, Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, University Hospital, 43126 Parma, Italy; (C.T.); (C.Z.); (B.L.); (I.Z.); (M.S.); (M.G.M.)
- Cognitive and Motor Center, Medicine and Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department of Parma, University-Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Francesco Giallauria
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, “Federico II” University of Naples, via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.G.); (R.N.)
| | - Crescenzo Testa
- Geriatric Clinic Unit, Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, University Hospital, 43126 Parma, Italy; (C.T.); (C.Z.); (B.L.); (I.Z.); (M.S.); (M.G.M.)
| | - Claudia Zinni
- Geriatric Clinic Unit, Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, University Hospital, 43126 Parma, Italy; (C.T.); (C.Z.); (B.L.); (I.Z.); (M.S.); (M.G.M.)
| | - Beatrice Lorenzi
- Geriatric Clinic Unit, Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, University Hospital, 43126 Parma, Italy; (C.T.); (C.Z.); (B.L.); (I.Z.); (M.S.); (M.G.M.)
| | - Irene Zucchini
- Geriatric Clinic Unit, Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, University Hospital, 43126 Parma, Italy; (C.T.); (C.Z.); (B.L.); (I.Z.); (M.S.); (M.G.M.)
| | - Marco Salvi
- Geriatric Clinic Unit, Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, University Hospital, 43126 Parma, Italy; (C.T.); (C.Z.); (B.L.); (I.Z.); (M.S.); (M.G.M.)
| | - Raffaele Napoli
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, “Federico II” University of Naples, via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.G.); (R.N.)
| | - Marcello Giuseppe Maggio
- Geriatric Clinic Unit, Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, University Hospital, 43126 Parma, Italy; (C.T.); (C.Z.); (B.L.); (I.Z.); (M.S.); (M.G.M.)
- Cognitive and Motor Center, Medicine and Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department of Parma, University-Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
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6
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Guo C, Wang T, Huang H, Wang X, Jiang Y, Li J. Plasminogen degrades α-synuclein, Tau and TDP-43 and decreases dopaminergic neurodegeneration in mouse models of Parkinson's disease. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8581. [PMID: 38615036 PMCID: PMC11016066 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59090-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most frequently diagnosed neurodegenerative disease, and it is characterized by the intracellular and extracellular accumulation of α-synuclein (α-syn) and Tau, which are major components of cytosolic protein inclusions called Lewy bodies, in the brain. Currently, there is a lack of effective methods that preventing PD progression. It has been suggested that the plasminogen activation system, which is a major extracellular proteolysis system, is involved in PD pathogenesis. We investigated the functional roles of plasminogen in vitro in an okadaic acid-induced Tau hyperphosphorylation NSC34 cell model, ex vivo using brains from normal controls and methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treated mice, and in vivo in a widely used MPTP-induced PD mouse model and an α-syn overexpression mouse model. The in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo results showed that the administered plasminogen crossed the blood‒brain barrier (BBB), entered cells, and migrated to the nucleus, increased plasmin activity intracellularly, bound to α-syn through lysine binding sites, significantly promoted α-syn, Tau and TDP-43 clearance intracellularly and even intranuclearly in the brain, decreased dopaminergic neurodegeneration and increased the tyrosine hydroxylase levels in the substantia nigra and striatum, and improved motor function in PD mouse models. These findings indicate that plasminogen plays a wide range of pivotal protective roles in PD and therefore may be a promising drug candidate for PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunying Guo
- Department of Applied Research, Talengen Institute of Life Sciences, Room C602G, 289 Digital Peninsula, Shunfeng Industrial Park, No. 2 Red Willow Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
- Department of Applied Research, Ruijian Xingze Biomedical Co. Ltd, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Basic Research, Talengen Laboratory of Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Applied Research, Talengen Institute of Life Sciences, Room C602G, 289 Digital Peninsula, Shunfeng Industrial Park, No. 2 Red Willow Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
- Department of Applied Research, Ruijian Xingze Biomedical Co. Ltd, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Basic Research, Talengen Laboratory of Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Huang
- Department of Applied Research, Talengen Institute of Life Sciences, Room C602G, 289 Digital Peninsula, Shunfeng Industrial Park, No. 2 Red Willow Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
- Department of Applied Research, Ruijian Xingze Biomedical Co. Ltd, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Basic Research, Talengen Laboratory of Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolu Wang
- Department of Applied Research, Talengen Institute of Life Sciences, Room C602G, 289 Digital Peninsula, Shunfeng Industrial Park, No. 2 Red Willow Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
- Department of Applied Research, Ruijian Xingze Biomedical Co. Ltd, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Basic Research, Talengen Laboratory of Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yugui Jiang
- Department of Applied Research, Talengen Institute of Life Sciences, Room C602G, 289 Digital Peninsula, Shunfeng Industrial Park, No. 2 Red Willow Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
- Department of Applied Research, Ruijian Xingze Biomedical Co. Ltd, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Basic Research, Talengen Laboratory of Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinan Li
- Department of Applied Research, Talengen Institute of Life Sciences, Room C602G, 289 Digital Peninsula, Shunfeng Industrial Park, No. 2 Red Willow Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Applied Research, Ruijian Xingze Biomedical Co. Ltd, Dongguan, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Basic Research, Talengen Laboratory of Sciences, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Garzón Rodríguez N, Briceño-Balcázar I, Díaz-Barrera LE, Nicolini H, Genis-Mendoza AD, Flores-Lázaro JC, Quiroz-Padilla MF. Moderating effects of impulsivity and morning cortisol on the genotype-phenotype relationship of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in young adults. Stress Health 2024; 40:e3308. [PMID: 37621233 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of the morning cortisol response in young adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been shown to underlie several of the alterations present in their lives. Thus, the interaction of this mechanism with genetic and behavioural characteristics could explain a large proportion of the aetiology of ADHD in this population. For these reasons, the present study explores the associations of 30 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously identified as significant (after correction for multiple comparisons) in the aetiology of ADHD with an assessment of morning cortisol and impulsivity traits in a group of 120 adults aged 18-24 years. Participants were recruited through private centres of neuropsychology and psychiatry, as well as through events in local universities. Morning cortisol within 30 min of awakening and motor impulsivity traits were shown to moderate the effect of SNP rs10129500 on the severity of the symptoms of ADHD measured by the Adult Self-Report Scale. This variant associated with cortisol-binding globulin would explain the low concentrations of this hormone found in young adults with high symptoms of ADHD, which is accentuated when there are high levels of impulsivity. The proposed model allows for transferring the theoretical relationships between the dimensions that explain the aetiology of ADHD to an applied exploratory model with good performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Garzón Rodríguez
- Laboratorio Bases Biológicas del Comportamiento, Departamento de Psicología Básica y Neurociencias, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
- Doctorado en Biociencias, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
| | - Ignacio Briceño-Balcázar
- Laboratorio de Genética, Departamento de Biociencias, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Sabana, Chía, Colombia
| | | | - Humberto Nicolini
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Psiquiátricas, Neurodegenerativas y Adicciones, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | - Alma D Genis-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Psiquiátricas, Neurodegenerativas y Adicciones, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de Mexico, México
- Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil Dr. Juan N. Navarro, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | | | - María Fernanda Quiroz-Padilla
- Laboratorio Bases Biológicas del Comportamiento, Departamento de Psicología Básica y Neurociencias, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
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8
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Moctezuma B, Santiago Á, Burguete-García A, Martínez-Barnetche J, Morales-Gómez C, Hernandez-Chavez C, Gil G, Peterson KE, Tellez-Rojo MM, Lamadrid-Figueroa H. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of ANKK1, DDR4, and GRIN2B genes predict behavior in a prospective cohort of Mexican children and adolescents. Int J Dev Neurosci 2024. [PMID: 38530142 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have established associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and various behavioral and neurodevelopmental conditions. This study explores the links between SNPs in candidate genes involved in central nervous system (CNS) physiology and their implications for the behavioral and emotional aspects in children and teenagers. A total of 590 participants, aged 7-15 years, from the Early Life Exposures In Mexico To Environmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) cohort study in Mexico City, underwent genotyping for at least one of 15 CNS gene-related SNPs at different timepoints. We employed multiple linear regression models to assess the potential impact of genetic variations on behavioral and cognitive traits, as measured by the Behavioral Assessment System for Children (BASC) and Conners parent rating scales. Significant associations were observed, including the rs1800497 TC genotype (ANKK1) with the Cognitive Problems/Inattention variable (p value = 0.003), the rs1800955 CT genotype (DDR4) with the Emotional Lability Global index variable (p value = 0.01), and the rs10492138 GA and rs7970177 TC genotypes (GRIN2B) with the Depression variable (p values 0.007 and 0.012, respectively). These finds suggest potential genetic profiles associated with "risk" and "protective" behaviors for these SNPs. Our results provide valuable insights into the role of genetic variations in neurobehavior and highlight the need for further research in the early identification and intervention in individuals at risk for these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Moctezuma
- School of Public Health of Mexico, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Ángel Santiago
- Department of Perinatal Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Ana Burguete-García
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | | | - Claudia Morales-Gómez
- Epidemiologic Surveillance, Mexican Institute of Social Security-Bienestar, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carmen Hernandez-Chavez
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, National Institute of Perinatology, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Gil
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, National Institute of Perinatology, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Karen E Peterson
- Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Martha M Tellez-Rojo
- Center for Research in Nutrition and Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
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9
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Du Y, Li Q, Zhou G, Cai Z, Man Q, Wang WC. Early-life perfluorooctanoic acid exposure disrupts the function of dopamine transporter protein with glycosylation changes implicating the links between decreased dopamine levels and disruptive behaviors in larval zebrafish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 917:170408. [PMID: 38281643 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) during early embryonic development is associated with the increased risk of developmental neurotoxicity and neurobehavioral disorders in children. In our previous study, we demonstrated that exposure to PFOA affected locomotor activity and disrupted dopamine-related gene expression in zebrafish larvae. Consequently, we continue to study the dopaminergic system with a focus on dopamine levels and dopamine's effect on behaviors in relation to PFOA exposure. In the present study, we found a decrease in dopamine levels in larval zebrafish. We studied the dopamine transporter (DAT) protein, which is responsible for regulating dopamine levels through the reuptake of dopamine in neuronal cells. We demonstrated that exposure to PFOA disrupted the glycosylation process of DAT, inhibited its uptake function, and induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in dopaminergic cells. Besides, we conducted a light-dark preference test on larval zebrafish and observed anxiety/depressive-like behavioral changes following exposure to PFOA. Dopamine is one of the most prominent neurotransmitters that significantly influences human behavior, with low dopamine levels being associated with impairments such as anxiety and depression. The anxiety-like response in zebrafish larvae exposure to PFOA implies the link with the reduced dopamine levels. Taken together, we can deduce that glycosylation changes in DAT lead to dysfunction of DAT to regulate dopamine levels, which in turn alters behavior in larval zebrafish. Therefore, alternation in dopamine levels may play a pivotal role in the development of anxiety/depressive-like behavioral changes induced by PFOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yatao Du
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200292, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Guangdi Zhou
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200292, China
| | - Zhenzhen Cai
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200292, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Qiuhong Man
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China.
| | - Weiye Charles Wang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200292, China.
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Alvarez-Herrera S, Rosel Vales M, Pérez-Sánchez G, Becerril-Villanueva E, Flores-Medina Y, Maldonado-García JL, Saracco-Alvarez R, Escamilla R, Pavón L. Risperidone Decreases Expression of Serotonin Receptor-2A (5-HT2A) and Serotonin Transporter (SERT) but Not Dopamine Receptors and Dopamine Transporter (DAT) in PBMCs from Patients with Schizophrenia. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:167. [PMID: 38399382 PMCID: PMC10892557 DOI: 10.3390/ph17020167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Dopamine and serotonin receptors and transporters play an essential role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia; changes in their expression have been reported in neurons and leukocytes. Each antipsychotic induces a unique pattern in leukocyte function and phenotype. However, the use of polytherapy to treat schizophrenia makes it challenging to determine the specific effects of risperidone on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in the expression of D3, D5, DAT, 5-HT2A, and SERT in PBMCs from healthy volunteers (HV), drug-naive patients with schizophrenia (PWS), drug-free PWS, and PWS treated with risperidone for up to 40 weeks using quantitative PCR. Our study revealed elevated mRNA levels of D3, DAT, 5-HT2A, and SERT in unmedicated PWS. Treatment with risperidone led to a reduction only in the expression of 5-HT2A and SERT. Furthermore, we observed a moderate correlation between 5-HT2A expression and the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS), as well as SERT expression and PANSS scale. We also found a moderate correlation between 5-HT2A and SERT expression and the positive subscale. The duration of risperidone consumption had a significant negative correlation with the expression of 5-HT2A and SERT. Our study introduces the measurement of 5-HT2A and SERT expression in PBMCs as a useful parameter for assessing the response to risperidone in PWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Alvarez-Herrera
- Laboratorio de Psicoinmunología, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico; (S.A.-H.); (G.P.-S.); (E.B.-V.)
| | - Mauricio Rosel Vales
- Clínica de Esquizofrenia, Dirección de Servicios Clínicos, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico;
| | - Gilberto Pérez-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Psicoinmunología, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico; (S.A.-H.); (G.P.-S.); (E.B.-V.)
| | - Enrique Becerril-Villanueva
- Laboratorio de Psicoinmunología, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico; (S.A.-H.); (G.P.-S.); (E.B.-V.)
| | - Yvonne Flores-Medina
- Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico; (Y.F.-M.); (R.S.-A.)
| | - José Luis Maldonado-García
- Departamemto de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico;
- Departamemto de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Saracco-Alvarez
- Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico; (Y.F.-M.); (R.S.-A.)
| | - Raúl Escamilla
- Subdirección de Consulta Externa, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico;
| | - Lenin Pavón
- Laboratorio de Psicoinmunología, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico; (S.A.-H.); (G.P.-S.); (E.B.-V.)
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11
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Mikhailova SV, Ivanoshchuk DE, Orlov PS, Bairqdar A, Anisimenko MS, Denisova DV. Assessment of the Genetic Characteristics of a Generation Born during a Long-Term Socioeconomic Crisis. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2064. [PMID: 38003007 PMCID: PMC10671057 DOI: 10.3390/genes14112064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A socioeconomic crisis in Russia lasted from 1991 to 1998 and was accompanied by a sharp drop in the birth rate. The main factor that influenced the refusal to have children during this period is thought to be prolonged social stress. METHODS comparing frequencies of common gene variants associated with stress-induced diseases among generations born before, after, and during this crisis may show which genes may be preferred under the pressure of natural selection during periods of increased social stress in urban populations. RESULTS In the "crisis" group, a statistically significant difference from the other two groups was found in rs6557168 frequency (p = 0.001); rs4522666 was not in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in this group, although its frequency did not show a significant difference from the other groups (p = 0.118). Frequencies of VNTRs in SLC6A3 and MAOA as well as common variants rs17689918 in CRHR1, rs1360780 in FKBP5, rs53576 in OXTR, rs12720071 and rs806377 in CNR1, rs4311 in ACE, rs1800497 in ANKK1, and rs7412 and rs429358 in APOE did not differ among the groups. CONCLUSIONS a generation born during a period of prolonged destructive events may differ from the rest of the gene pool of the population in some variants associated with personality traits or stress-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana V. Mikhailova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Prospekt Ak. Lavrentyeva, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.E.I.); (P.S.O.); (A.B.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Dinara E. Ivanoshchuk
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Prospekt Ak. Lavrentyeva, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.E.I.); (P.S.O.); (A.B.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Pavel S. Orlov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Prospekt Ak. Lavrentyeva, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.E.I.); (P.S.O.); (A.B.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Ahmad Bairqdar
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Prospekt Ak. Lavrentyeva, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.E.I.); (P.S.O.); (A.B.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Maksim S. Anisimenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Prospekt Ak. Lavrentyeva, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.E.I.); (P.S.O.); (A.B.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Diana V. Denisova
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine—Branch of ICG SB RAS, 175/1 Borisa Bogatkova Str., 630089 Novosibirsk, Russia
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12
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Burkert N, Roy S, Häusler M, Wuttke D, Müller S, Wiemer J, Hollmann H, Oldrati M, Ramirez-Franco J, Benkert J, Fauler M, Duda J, Goaillard JM, Pötschke C, Münchmeyer M, Parlato R, Liss B. Deep learning-based image analysis identifies a DAT-negative subpopulation of dopaminergic neurons in the lateral Substantia nigra. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1146. [PMID: 37950046 PMCID: PMC10638391 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05441-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we present a deep learning-based image analysis platform (DLAP), tailored to autonomously quantify cell numbers, and fluorescence signals within cellular compartments, derived from RNAscope or immunohistochemistry. We utilised DLAP to analyse subtypes of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive dopaminergic midbrain neurons in mouse and human brain-sections. These neurons modulate complex behaviour, and are differentially affected in Parkinson's and other diseases. DLAP allows the analysis of large cell numbers, and facilitates the identification of small cellular subpopulations. Using DLAP, we identified a small subpopulation of TH-positive neurons (~5%), mainly located in the very lateral Substantia nigra (SN), that was immunofluorescence-negative for the plasmalemmal dopamine transporter (DAT), with ~40% smaller cell bodies. These neurons were negative for aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1, with a lower co-expression rate for dopamine-D2-autoreceptors, but a ~7-fold higher likelihood of calbindin-d28k co-expression (~70%). These results have important implications, as DAT is crucial for dopamine signalling, and is commonly used as a marker for dopaminergic SN neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Burkert
- Institute of Applied Physiology, Medical Faculty, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Shoumik Roy
- Institute of Applied Physiology, Medical Faculty, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Max Häusler
- Institute of Applied Physiology, Medical Faculty, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Sonja Müller
- Institute of Applied Physiology, Medical Faculty, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Johanna Wiemer
- Institute of Applied Physiology, Medical Faculty, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Helene Hollmann
- Institute of Applied Physiology, Medical Faculty, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Marvin Oldrati
- Institute of Applied Physiology, Medical Faculty, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jorge Ramirez-Franco
- UMR_S 1072, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, Faculté de Médecine Secteur Nord, Marseille, France
- INT, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Campus Santé Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Julia Benkert
- Institute of Applied Physiology, Medical Faculty, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael Fauler
- Institute of General Physiology, Medical Faculty, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Johanna Duda
- Institute of Applied Physiology, Medical Faculty, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jean-Marc Goaillard
- UMR_S 1072, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, Faculté de Médecine Secteur Nord, Marseille, France
- INT, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Campus Santé Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Christina Pötschke
- Institute of Applied Physiology, Medical Faculty, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Moritz Münchmeyer
- Wolution GmbH & Co. KG, 82152, Munich, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Rosanna Parlato
- Institute of Applied Physiology, Medical Faculty, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
- Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Birgit Liss
- Institute of Applied Physiology, Medical Faculty, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
- Linacre College & New College, Oxford University, OX1 2JD, Oxford, UK.
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13
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Angelopoulou E, Bougea A, Paudel YN, Georgakopoulou VE, Papageorgiou SG, Piperi C. Genetic Insights into the Molecular Pathophysiology of Depression in Parkinson's Disease. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1138. [PMID: 37374342 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59061138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a clinically heterogeneous disorder with poorly understood pathological contributing factors. Depression presents one of the most frequent non-motor PD manifestations, and several genetic polymorphisms have been suggested that could affect the depression risk in PD. Therefore, in this review we have collected recent studies addressing the role of genetic factors in the development of depression in PD, aiming to gain insights into its molecular pathobiology and enable the future development of targeted and effective treatment strategies. Materials and Methods: we have searched PubMed and Scopus databases for peer-reviewed research articles published in English (pre-clinical and clinical studies as well as relevant reviews and meta-analyses) investigating the genetic architecture and pathophysiology of PD depression. Results: in particular, polymorphisms in genes related to the serotoninergic pathway (sodium-dependent serotonin transporter gene, SLC6A4, tryptophan hydrolase-2 gene, TPH2), dopamine metabolism and neurotransmission (dopamine receptor D3 gene, DRD3, aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene, ALDH2), neurotrophic factors (brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene, BDNF), endocannabinoid system (cannabinoid receptor gene, CNR1), circadian rhythm (thyrotroph embryonic factor gene, TEF), the sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter B(0)AT2 gene, SLC6A15), and PARK16 genetic locus were detected as altering susceptibility to depression among PD patients. However, polymorphisms in the dopamine transporter gene (SLC6A3), monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) and B (MAOB) genes, catechol-O-methyltransferase gene (COMT), CRY1, and CRY2 have not been related to PD depression. Conclusions: the specific mechanisms underlying the potential role of genetic diversity in PD depression are still under investigation, however, there is evidence that they may involve neurotransmitter imbalance, mitochondrial impairment, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation, as well as the dysregulation of neurotrophic factors and their downstream signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthalia Angelopoulou
- Department of Neurology, Eginition University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 M. Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Bougea
- Department of Neurology, Eginition University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Yam Nath Paudel
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 46150, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Sokratis G Papageorgiou
- Department of Neurology, Eginition University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Piperi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 M. Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
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14
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Jung JW, Kim YJ, Choi JS, Goto Y, Lee YA. Dopamine and serotonin alterations by Hizikia fusiformis extracts under in vitro cortical primary neuronal cell cultures. Nutr Res Pract 2023; 17:408-420. [PMID: 37266125 PMCID: PMC10232209 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2023.17.3.408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Hizikia fusiformis (HF) is a class of brown seaweeds whose active ingredients exert central nervous system protective effects, such as neuroprotection; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Given that dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5HT) are two major neurotransmitters involved in various psychiatric disorders and neuronal growth in early neurodevelopmental processes, we investigated whether HF extract could modulate the molecular expression associated with DA and 5HT transmission as well as the structural formation of neurons. MATERIALS/METHODS In vitro cell cultures were prepared from cerebral cortical neurons obtained from CD-1 mice on embryonic day 14. Cultured cells were treated with 0.1, 1.0, or 10.0 μg/mL of HT extract for 24 h, followed by fluorescence immunostaining for DA and 5HT-related receptors and transporters and some neuronal structural formation-associated molecules. RESULTS HF extract dose-dependently upregulated the expression levels of selective DA and 5HT receptors, and downregulated the levels of DA and 5HT transporters. Moreover, HF extract increased the neurofilament light chain expression. CONCLUSION These results suggest that HF may modulate DA and 5HT transmission, thereby affecting neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Won Jung
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan 38430, Korea
| | - Ye-Jin Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan 38430, Korea
| | - Jae Sue Choi
- Department of Food and Life Sciences, Pukyoung National University, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Yukiori Goto
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Technology, Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Young-A Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan 38430, Korea
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15
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Apsley AT, Domico ER, Verbiest MA, Brogan CA, Buck ER, Burich AJ, Cardone KM, Stone WJ, Anisimova M, Vandenbergh DJ. A novel hypervariable variable number tandem repeat in the dopamine transporter gene ( SLC6A3). Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202201677. [PMID: 36754567 PMCID: PMC9909461 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The dopamine transporter gene, SLC6A3, has received substantial attention in genetic association studies of various phenotypes. Although some variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) present in SLC6A3 have been tested in genetic association studies, results have not been consistent. VNTRs in SLC6A3 that have not been examined genetically were characterized. The Tandem Repeat Annotation Library was used to characterize the VNTRs of 64 unrelated long-read haplotype-phased SLC6A3 sequences. Sequence similarity of each repeat unit of the five VNTRs is reported, along with the correlations of SNP-SNP, SNP-VNTR, and VNTR-VNTR alleles across the gene. One of these VNTRs is a novel hyper-VNTR (hyVNTR) in intron 8 of SLC6A3, which contains a range of 3.4-133.4 repeat copies and has a consensus sequence length of 38 bp, with 82% G+C content. The 38-base repeat was predicted to form G-quadruplexes in silico and was confirmed by circular dichroism spectroscopy. In addition, this hyVNTR contains multiple putative binding sites for PRDM9, which, in combination with low levels of linkage disequilibrium around the hyVNTR, suggests it might be a recombination hotspot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abner T Apsley
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
- The Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Biosciences Program, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - Emma R Domico
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - Max A Verbiest
- Institute of Computational Life Science, School of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Zürich University of Applied Sciences, Wädenswil, Switzerland
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Carly A Brogan
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - Evan R Buck
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - Andrew J Burich
- Department of Information Science and Technologies - Applied Data Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - Kathleen M Cardone
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - Wesley J Stone
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - Maria Anisimova
- Institute of Computational Life Science, School of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Zürich University of Applied Sciences, Wädenswil, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David J Vandenbergh
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
- The Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Biosciences Program, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
- Institute of the Neurosciences, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
- The Bioinformatics and Genomics Program, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
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16
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Li X, Xiao Z, Pu W, Jiang Z, Wang S, Zhang Y. Network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental validation to explore the potential mechanism of Long Mu Qing Xin mixture for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1144907. [PMID: 37007045 PMCID: PMC10063801 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1144907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Long Mu Qing Xin Mixture (LMQXM) has shown potentially positive effects in alleviating attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, the action mechanism is still not fully understood. This study aimed to predict the potential mechanism of LMQXM for ADHD using network pharmacology and molecular docking, which were then validated using animal experiments.Methods: Network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques were used to predict the core targets and potential pathways of LMQXMQ for ADHD, and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed the potential significance of dopamine (DA) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling pathways. To verify the hypothesis, we conducted an animal experiment. In the animal experiment, the young spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were randomly divided into the model group (SHR), the methylphenidate hydrochloride group (MPH, 4.22 mg/kg), and 3 LMQXM groups (low-dose (LD) group, 5.28 ml/kg; medium-dose (MD) group, 10.56 ml/kg; and high-dose (HD) group, 21.12 ml/kg), and administered by gavage for 4 weeks; the WKY rats were set as the control group. The open field test and Morris water maze test were used to evaluate the behavioral performance of rats, high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to analyze DA levels in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and striatum of rats, ELISA was used to detect cAMP concentrations in the PFC and striatum, and immunohistochemistry and qPCR were used to analyze positive cell expression and mRNA expression for indicators related to DA and cAMP pathways.Results: The results showed that beta-sitosterol, stigmasterol, rhynchophylline, baicalein, and formononetin might be key components of LMQXM for ADHD and that these components bind well to the core targets, DA receptors (DRD1 and DRD2). Furthermore, LMQXM might act through the DA and cAMP signaling pathways. In the animal experiment, we found that MPH and LMQXM-MD controlled hyperactivity and improved learning and memory in SHRs, while LMQXM-HD only controlled hyperactivity in SHRs; meanwhile, MPH and LMQXM-MD upregulated DA and cAMP levels, mean optical density (MOD) of cAMP, and MOD and mRNA expression of DRD1 and PKA in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and striatum of SHRs, while LMQXM-LD and LMQXM-HD upregulated DA and cAMP levels in the striatum, MOD of cAMP in the PFC, and mRNA expression of PKA in the PFC. However, we did not find a significant regulatory effect of LMQXM on DRD2.Conclusion: To sum up, this study demonstrated that LMQXM may increase DA levels mainly by activating the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway through DRD1, thereby controlling the behavioral disorders of SHRs, which is most effective at moderate doses, and this may be a key mechanism for LMQXM in the treatment of ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejun Li
- Pediatrics, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Longhua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Xiao
- Pediatrics, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Zhen Xiao, ; Zhiyan Jiang,
| | - Wenyan Pu
- Pediatrics, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Longhua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyan Jiang
- Pediatrics, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Zhen Xiao, ; Zhiyan Jiang,
| | - Shumin Wang
- Pediatrics, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Longhua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixing Zhang
- Pediatrics, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Longhua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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17
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Malik JA, Yaseen Z, Thotapalli L, Ahmed S, Shaikh MF, Anwar S. Understanding translational research in schizophrenia: A novel insight into animal models. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:3767-3785. [PMID: 36692676 PMCID: PMC10042983 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08241-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia affects millions of people worldwide and is a major challenge for the scientific community. Like most psychotic diseases, it is also considered a complicated mental disorder caused by an imbalance in neurotransmitters. Due to the complexity of neuropathology, it is always a complicated disorder. The lack of proper understanding of the pathophysiology makes the disorder unmanageable in clinical settings. However, due to recent advances in animal models, we hope we can have better therapeutic approaches with more success in clinical settings. Dopamine, glutamate, GABA, and serotonin are the neurotransmitters involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Various animal models have been put forward based on these neurotransmitters, including pharmacological, neurodevelopmental, and genetic models. Polymorphism of genes such as dysbindin, DICS1, and NRG1 has also been reported in schizophrenia. Hypothesis based on dopamine, glutamate, and serotonin are considered successful models of schizophrenia on which drug therapies have been designed to date. New targets like the orexin system, muscarinic and nicotinic receptors, and cannabinoid receptors have been approached to alleviate the negative and cognitive symptoms. The non-pharmacological models like the post-weaning social isolation model (maternal deprivation), the isolation rearing model etc. have been also developed to mimic the symptoms of schizophrenia and to create and test new approaches of drug therapy which is a breakthrough at present in psychiatric disorders. Different behavioral tests have been evaluated in these specific models. This review will highlight the currently available animal models and behavioral tests in psychic disorders concerning schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonaid Ahmad Malik
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, India.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, India
| | - Zahid Yaseen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Delhi, India
| | - Lahari Thotapalli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, JNTU University, Anantapur, India
| | - Sakeel Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Mohd Farooq Shaikh
- Neuropharmacology Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia. .,School of Dentistry and Medical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Orange, 2800, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Sirajudheen Anwar
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, 81422, Saudi Arabia.
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18
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Volnova A, Kurzina N, Belskaya A, Gromova A, Pelevin A, Ptukha M, Fesenko Z, Ignashchenkova A, Gainetdinov RR. Noradrenergic Modulation of Learned and Innate Behaviors in Dopamine Transporter Knockout Rats by Guanfacine. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11010222. [PMID: 36672730 PMCID: PMC9856099 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Investigation of the precise mechanisms of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and other dopamine-associated conditions is crucial for the development of new treatment approaches. In this study, we assessed the effects of repeated and acute administration of α2A-adrenoceptor agonist guanfacine on innate and learned forms of behavior of dopamine transporter knockout (DAT-KO) rats to evaluate the possible noradrenergic modulation of behavioral deficits. DAT-KO and wild type rats were trained in the Hebb-Williams maze to perform spatial working memory tasks. Innate behavior was evaluated via pre pulse inhibition (PPI). Brain activity of the prefrontal cortex and the striatum was assessed. Repeated administration of GF improved the spatial working memory task fulfillment and PPI in DAT-KO rats, and led to specific changes in the power spectra and coherence of brain activity. Our data indicate that both repeated and acute treatment with a non-stimulant noradrenergic drug lead to improvements in the behavior of DAT-KO rats. This study further supports the role of the intricate balance of norepinephrine and dopamine in the regulation of attention. The observed compensatory effect of guanfacine on the behavior of hyperdopaminergic rats may be used in the development of combined treatments to support the dopamine-norepinephrine balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Volnova
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
- Biological Faculty, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Natalia Kurzina
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Anastasia Belskaya
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Arina Gromova
- Biological Faculty, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Arseniy Pelevin
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
- Biological Faculty, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Maria Ptukha
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Zoia Fesenko
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | | | - Raul R. Gainetdinov
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
- Saint Petersburg University Hospital, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
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19
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Koevoet D, Deschamps PKH, Kenemans JL. Catecholaminergic and cholinergic neuromodulation in autism spectrum disorder: A comparison to attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Front Neurosci 2023; 16:1078586. [PMID: 36685234 PMCID: PMC9853424 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1078586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social impairments and restricted, repetitive behaviors. Treatment of ASD is notoriously difficult and might benefit from identification of underlying mechanisms that overlap with those disturbed in other developmental disorders, for which treatment options are more obvious. One example of the latter is attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), given the efficacy of especially stimulants in treatment of ADHD. Deficiencies in catecholaminergic systems [dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE)] in ADHD are obvious targets for stimulant treatment. Recent findings suggest that dysfunction in catecholaminergic systems may also be a factor in at least a subgroup of ASD. In this review we scrutinize the evidence for catecholaminergic mechanisms underlying ASD symptoms, and also include in this analysis a third classic ascending arousing system, the acetylcholinergic (ACh) network. We complement this with a comprehensive review of DA-, NE-, and ACh-targeted interventions in ASD, and an exploratory search for potential treatment-response predictors (biomarkers) in ASD, genetically or otherwise. Based on this review and analysis we propose that (1) stimulant treatment may be a viable option for an ASD subcategory, possibly defined by genetic subtyping; (2) cerebellar dysfunction is pronounced for a relatively small ADHD subgroup but much more common in ASD and in both cases may point toward NE- or ACh-directed intervention; (3) deficiency of the cortical salience network is sizable in subgroups of both disorders, and biomarkers such as eye blink rate and pupillometric data may predict the efficacy of targeting this underlying deficiency via DA, NE, or ACh in both ASD and ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Koevoet
- Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands,*Correspondence: Damian Koevoet,
| | - P. K. H. Deschamps
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - J. L. Kenemans
- Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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20
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Multiscale neural gradients reflect transdiagnostic effects of major psychiatric conditions on cortical morphology. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1024. [PMID: 36168040 PMCID: PMC9515219 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03963-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It is increasingly recognized that multiple psychiatric conditions are underpinned by shared neural pathways, affecting similar brain systems. Here, we carried out a multiscale neural contextualization of shared alterations of cortical morphology across six major psychiatric conditions (autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, major depression disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia). Our framework cross-referenced shared morphological anomalies with respect to cortical myeloarchitecture and cytoarchitecture, as well as connectome and neurotransmitter organization. Pooling disease-related effects on MRI-based cortical thickness measures across six ENIGMA working groups, including a total of 28,546 participants (12,876 patients and 15,670 controls), we identified a cortex-wide dimension of morphological changes that described a sensory-fugal pattern, with paralimbic regions showing the most consistent alterations across conditions. The shared disease dimension was closely related to cortical gradients of microstructure as well as neurotransmitter axes, specifically cortex-wide variations in serotonin and dopamine. Multiple sensitivity analyses confirmed robustness with respect to slight variations in analytical choices. Our findings embed shared effects of common psychiatric conditions on brain structure in multiple scales of brain organization, and may provide insights into neural mechanisms of transdiagnostic vulnerability.
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21
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Wu L, Dang Y, Liang LX, Gong YC, Zeeshan M, Qian Z, Geiger SD, Vaughn MG, Zhou Y, Li QQ, Chu C, Tan YW, Lin LZ, Liu RQ, Hu LW, Yang BY, Zeng XW, Yu Y, Dong GH. Perfluorooctane sulfonates induces neurobehavioral changes and increases dopamine neurotransmitter levels in zebrafish larvae. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 297:134234. [PMID: 35259355 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
It has been reported that exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonates (PFOS) causes behavioral abnormalities in zebrafish larvae, but the possible mechanisms underlying these changes remain unexplored. In this study, zebrafish embryos (2 h postfertilization, 2-hpf) were exposed to PFOS at different concentrations (0, 0.032, 0.32 and 3.2 mg/L) for 120 h. Developmental endpoints and the locomotion behavior of larvae were evaluated. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, dopamine contents, several genes and proteins related to neurodevelopment and dopamine signaling were examined. Our results indicate that increased ROS levels in the zebrafish larvae heads may be causally associated with neurodevelopment damage. Meanwhile, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and alpha1-Tubulin (α1-Tubulin) protein contents were significantly increased, which may be a compensatory mechanism for the impaired central nervous system. PFOS-induced locomotor hyperactivity was observed in the first light phase and dark phase at the 0.32 and 3.2 mg/L of PFOS. Upregulation of dopamine-related genes tyrosine hydroxylase (th) and dopamine transporter (dat) associated with increased dopamine contents in the 3.2 mg/L of PFOS. In addition, protein expression of TH and DAT were noted at the 0.32 and 3.2 mg/L of PFOS concentrations. Our results suggested that PFOS induces neurobehavioral changes in zebrafish larvae, possibly by perturbing a dopamine signaling pathway. In addition, PFOS induced development damage, such as increased malformation rate and shorter body length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyin Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yao Dang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Li-Xia Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yan-Chen Gong
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Mohammed Zeeshan
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhengmin Qian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College for Public Health & Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Sarah Dee Geiger
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA
| | - Michael G Vaughn
- School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, 63103, USA
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Qing-Qing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Chu Chu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ya-Wen Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Li-Zi Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ru-Qing Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Li-Wen Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Bo-Yi Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yunjiang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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22
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Schröder R, Reuter M, Faßbender K, Plieger T, Poulsen J, Lui SSY, Chan RCK, Ettinger U. The role of the SLC6A3 3' UTR VNTR in nicotine effects on cognitive, affective, and motor function. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2022; 239:489-507. [PMID: 34854936 PMCID: PMC8638222 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-06028-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Nicotine has been widely studied for its pro-dopaminergic effects. However, at the behavioural level, past investigations have yielded heterogeneous results concerning effects on cognitive, affective, and motor outcomes, possibly linked to individual differences at the level of genetics. A candidate polymorphism is the 40-base-pair variable number of tandem repeats polymorphism (rs28363170) in the SLC6A3 gene coding for the dopamine transporter (DAT). The polymorphism has been associated with striatal DAT availability (9R-carriers > 10R-homozygotes), and 9R-carriers have been shown to react more strongly to dopamine agonistic pharmacological challenges than 10R-homozygotes. OBJECTIVES In this preregistered study, we hypothesized that 9R-carriers would be more responsive to nicotine due to genotype-related differences in DAT availability and resulting dopamine activity. METHODS N=194 non-smokers were grouped according to their genotype (9R-carriers, 10R-homozygotes) and received either 2-mg nicotine or placebo gum in a between-subject design. Spontaneous blink rate (SBR) was obtained as an indirect measure of striatal dopamine activity and smooth pursuit, stop signal, simple choice and affective processing tasks were carried out in randomized order. RESULTS Reaction times were decreased under nicotine compared to placebo in the simple choice and stop signal tasks, but nicotine and genotype had no effects on any of the other task outcomes. Conditional process analyses testing the mediating effect of SBR on performance and how this is affected by genotype yielded no significant results. CONCLUSIONS Overall, we could not confirm our main hypothesis. Individual differences in nicotine response could not be explained by rs28363170 genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin Reuter
- Department of Psychology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kaja Faßbender
- Department of Psychology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Plieger
- Department of Psychology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jessie Poulsen
- Nicotine Science Center, Fertin Pharma A/S, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Simon S Y Lui
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Raymond C K Chan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience (NACN) Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ulrich Ettinger
- Department of Psychology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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23
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Cabana-Domínguez J, Torrico B, Reif A, Fernàndez-Castillo N, Cormand B. Comprehensive exploration of the genetic contribution of the dopaminergic and serotonergic pathways to psychiatric disorders. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:11. [PMID: 35013130 PMCID: PMC8748838 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01771-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders are highly prevalent and display considerable clinical and genetic overlap. Dopaminergic and serotonergic neurotransmission have been shown to play an important role in many psychiatric disorders. Here we aim to assess the genetic contribution of these systems to eight psychiatric disorders (attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), anorexia nervosa (ANO), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), bipolar disorder (BIP), major depression (MD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), schizophrenia (SCZ) and Tourette's syndrome (TS)) using publicly available GWAS analyses performed by the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium that include more than 160,000 cases and 275,000 controls. To do so, we elaborated four different gene sets: two 'wide' selections for dopamine (DA) and for serotonin (SERT) using the Gene Ontology and KEGG pathways tools, and two'core' selections for the same systems, manually curated. At the gene level, we found 67 genes from the DA and/or SERT gene sets significantly associated with one of the studied disorders, and 12 of them were associated with two different disorders. Gene-set analysis revealed significant associations for ADHD and ASD with the wide DA gene set, for BIP with the wide SERT gene set, and for MD with the core SERT set. Interestingly, interrogation of a cross-disorder GWAS meta-analysis of the eight psychiatric conditions displayed association with the wide DA gene set. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic examination of genes encoding proteins essential to the function of these two neurotransmitter systems in these disorders. Our results support a pleiotropic contribution of the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems in several psychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Cabana-Domínguez
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Bàrbara Torrico
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Noèlia Fernàndez-Castillo
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.
- Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Bru Cormand
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.
- Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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Dopamine transporter silencing in the rat: systems-level alterations in striato-cerebellar and prefrontal-midbrain circuits. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:2329-2339. [PMID: 35246636 PMCID: PMC9126810 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01471-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Silencing of dopamine transporter (DAT), a main controlling factor of dopaminergic signaling, results in biochemical and behavioral features characteristic for neuropsychiatric diseases with presumed hyperdopaminergia including schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), bipolar disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Investigation of DAT silencing thus provides a transdiagnostic approach towards a systems-level understanding of common underlying pathways. Using a high-field multimodal imaging approach and a highly sensitive cryogenic coil, we integrated structural, functional and metabolic investigations in tandem with behavioral assessments on a newly developed preclinical rat model, comparing DAT homozygous knockout (DAT-KO, N = 14), heterozygous knockout (N = 8) and wild-type male rats (N = 14). We identified spatially distributed structural and functional brain alterations encompassing motor, limbic and associative loops that demonstrated strong behavioral relevance and were highly consistent across imaging modalities. DAT-KO rats manifested pronounced volume loss in the dorsal striatum, negatively correlating with cerebellar volume increase. These alterations were associated with hyperlocomotion, repetitive behavior and loss of efficient functional small-world organization. Further, prefrontal and midbrain regions manifested opposite changes in functional connectivity and local network topology. These prefrontal disturbances were corroborated by elevated myo-inositol levels and increased volume. To conclude, our imaging genetics approach provides multimodal evidence for prefrontal-midbrain decoupling and striato-cerebellar neuroplastic compensation as two key features of constitutive DAT blockade, proposing them as transdiagnostic mechanisms of hyperdopaminergia. Thus, our study connects developmental DAT blockade to systems-level brain changes, underlying impaired action inhibition control and resulting in motor hyperactivity and compulsive-like features relevant for ADHD, schizophrenia and OCD.
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25
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The dopamine transporter gene SLC6A3: multidisease risks. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:1031-1046. [PMID: 34650206 PMCID: PMC9008071 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01341-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The human dopamine transporter gene SLC6A3 has been consistently implicated in several neuropsychiatric diseases but the disease mechanism remains elusive. In this risk synthesis, we have concluded that SLC6A3 represents an increasingly recognized risk with a growing number of familial mutants associated with neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders. At least five loci were related to common and severe diseases including alcohol use disorder (high activity variant), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (low activity variant), autism (familial proteins with mutated networking) and movement disorders (both regulatory variants and familial mutations). Association signals depended on genetic markers used as well as ethnicity examined. Strong haplotype selection and gene-wide epistases support multimarker assessment of functional variations and phenotype associations. Inclusion of its promoter region's functional markers such as DNPi (rs67175440) and 5'VNTR (rs70957367) may help delineate condensate-based risk action, testing a locus-pathway-phenotype hypothesis for one gene-multidisease etiology.
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26
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da Silva Teixeira Rech T, Gonçalves Alves A, Nornberg Strelow D, Devantier Krüger L, Carraro Júnior LR, Dos Santos Neto JS, Braga AL, Brüning CA, Folharini Bortolatto C. 2-Phenyl-3-(phenylselanyl)benzofuran elicits acute antidepressant-like action in male Swiss mice mediated by modulation of the dopaminergic system and reveals therapeutic efficacy in both sexes. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2021; 238:3013-3024. [PMID: 34312682 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-05921-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Depression is a psychiatric disorder that constitutes one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. 2-Phenyl-3-(phenylselanyl)benzofuran (SeBZF1) has been studied as a potential antidepressant drug, but its pharmacological action needs more investigation. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS Our aim was to extend information about the antidepressant-like action of SeBZF1 using the mouse tail suspension test (TST). Initial experiments investigated the mechanisms involved in the acute antidepressant-like action of SeBZF1 in male Swiss mice. For this purpose, males received noradrenergic or dopaminergic receptor antagonists before acute SeBZF1 administration (50 mg/kg, per oral). In parallel, effects of combined treatment with SeBZF1 and bupropion at sub-effective doses (1 and 3 mg/kg, respectively) were tested. The next experiments were designed to determine the acute effects of SeBZF1 in females through a dose-response curve (5-50 mg/kg). Lastly, the efficacy of a 7-day repeated treatment with SeBZF1 (1 and 5 mg/kg) in mice of both sexes and its safety were evaluated. TST and the open-field test (OFT) were employed in all behavioral experiments. RESULTS Pre-administration of dopaminergic antagonists (SCH23390, a selective D1R antagonist; sulpiride, a selective D2/D3R antagonist; and haloperidol, a non-selective antagonist), but not of adrenergic α1, α2, and β-R antagonists, blocked the acute antidepressant-like effects of SeBZF1 in males. Co-administration of sub-effective doses of SeBZF1 and bupropion reduced the depressive phenotype. In addition, acute treatment with SeBZF1 at 50 mg/kg produced a reduction of female immobility. Finally, repeated treatment with SeBZF1 (1 and 5 mg/kg) was effective in causing antidepressant-like effects in both sexes. Locomotor activity, plasma transaminases, and urea levels remained unaltered after SeBZF1 exposure. CONCLUSION Our findings provide evidence of the involvement of the dopaminergic system in the acutely antidepressant-like action of SeBZF1 in male mice and reveal the compound efficacy when acute or repeatedly administered in both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taís da Silva Teixeira Rech
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção (PPGBBio), Laboratório de Bioquímica e Neurofarmacologia Molecular (LABIONEM), Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia (GPN), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos (CCQFA), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-900, Brasil
| | - Amália Gonçalves Alves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção (PPGBBio), Laboratório de Bioquímica e Neurofarmacologia Molecular (LABIONEM), Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia (GPN), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos (CCQFA), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-900, Brasil
| | - Dianer Nornberg Strelow
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção (PPGBBio), Laboratório de Bioquímica e Neurofarmacologia Molecular (LABIONEM), Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia (GPN), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos (CCQFA), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-900, Brasil
| | - Letícia Devantier Krüger
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção (PPGBBio), Laboratório de Bioquímica e Neurofarmacologia Molecular (LABIONEM), Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia (GPN), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos (CCQFA), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-900, Brasil
| | - Luiz Roberto Carraro Júnior
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção (PPGBBio), Laboratório de Bioquímica e Neurofarmacologia Molecular (LABIONEM), Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia (GPN), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos (CCQFA), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-900, Brasil
| | - José Sebastião Dos Santos Neto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química (PPGQ), Laboratório de Síntese de Derivados de Selênio E Telúrio (LabSelen), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, CEP 88040-900, Brasil
| | - Antonio Luiz Braga
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química (PPGQ), Laboratório de Síntese de Derivados de Selênio E Telúrio (LabSelen), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, CEP 88040-900, Brasil
| | - César Augusto Brüning
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção (PPGBBio), Laboratório de Bioquímica e Neurofarmacologia Molecular (LABIONEM), Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia (GPN), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos (CCQFA), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-900, Brasil.
| | - Cristiani Folharini Bortolatto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção (PPGBBio), Laboratório de Bioquímica e Neurofarmacologia Molecular (LABIONEM), Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia (GPN), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos (CCQFA), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-900, Brasil.
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Ochi T, Vyalova NM, Losenkov IS, Paderina DZ, Pozhidaev IV, Loonen AJM, Simutkin GG, Bokhan NA, Wilffert B, Ivanova SA. Preliminary Pharmacogenetic Study to Explore Putative Dopaminergic Mechanisms of Antidepressant Action. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11080731. [PMID: 34442374 PMCID: PMC8401614 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11080731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There is sufficient evidence that interference of dopaminergic neurotransmission contributes to the therapeutic effects of antidepressants in unipolar and bipolar depression. Methods: Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD 17) scores of 163 at least moderately ill patients with major depressive disorders were used to establish treatment response. HAMD 17 score status was measured before initiation, after two weeks, and after four weeks of treatment with various antidepressants. The possible association between response and genotype in a total of 14 variants of dopamine neurotransmission-related proteins was investigated. Results: DRD4 rs11246226 CA heterozygous patients were found with a greater improvement of HAMD 17 score when compared to homozygous C patients during 0–2 weeks and 0–4 weeks. Patients with MAOB rs1799836 heterozygous GA and homozygous A also demonstrated improved scores during 2–4 weeks and 0–4 weeks. Conclusions: The results are preliminary due to the limited population size and the small number of variants. Further research into the involvement of habenular dopamine D4 receptors in the antidepressant response is desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taichi Ochi
- PharmacoTherapy, Epidemiology and Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands; (T.O.); (B.W.)
| | - Natalya M. Vyalova
- Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mental Health Research Institute, Aleutskaya Str., 4, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (N.M.V.); (I.S.L.); (D.Z.P.); (I.V.P.); (G.G.S.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
| | - Innokentiy S. Losenkov
- Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mental Health Research Institute, Aleutskaya Str., 4, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (N.M.V.); (I.S.L.); (D.Z.P.); (I.V.P.); (G.G.S.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
| | - Diana Z. Paderina
- Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mental Health Research Institute, Aleutskaya Str., 4, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (N.M.V.); (I.S.L.); (D.Z.P.); (I.V.P.); (G.G.S.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
- Department of Cytology and Genetics, National Research Tomsk State University, Lenin Ave., 36, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Ivan V. Pozhidaev
- Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mental Health Research Institute, Aleutskaya Str., 4, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (N.M.V.); (I.S.L.); (D.Z.P.); (I.V.P.); (G.G.S.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
- Department of Cytology and Genetics, National Research Tomsk State University, Lenin Ave., 36, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Anton J. M. Loonen
- PharmacoTherapy, Epidemiology and Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands; (T.O.); (B.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-503-637-576
| | - German G. Simutkin
- Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mental Health Research Institute, Aleutskaya Str., 4, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (N.M.V.); (I.S.L.); (D.Z.P.); (I.V.P.); (G.G.S.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
| | - Nikolay A. Bokhan
- Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mental Health Research Institute, Aleutskaya Str., 4, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (N.M.V.); (I.S.L.); (D.Z.P.); (I.V.P.); (G.G.S.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
- Department of Psychotherapy and Psychological Counseling, National Research Tomsk State University, Lenin Ave., 36, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Psychiatry, Addictology and Psychotherapy, Siberian State Medical University, Moskovsky Trakt, 2, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Bob Wilffert
- PharmacoTherapy, Epidemiology and Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands; (T.O.); (B.W.)
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Svetlana A. Ivanova
- Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mental Health Research Institute, Aleutskaya Str., 4, 634014 Tomsk, Russia; (N.M.V.); (I.S.L.); (D.Z.P.); (I.V.P.); (G.G.S.); (N.A.B.); (S.A.I.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Addictology and Psychotherapy, Siberian State Medical University, Moskovsky Trakt, 2, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Division for Control and Diagnostics, School of Non-Destructive Testing and Security, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin Ave., 30, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
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Faltraco F, Palm D, Uzoni A, Borchert L, Simon F, Tucha O, Thome J. Dopamine adjusts the circadian gene expression of Per2 and Per3 in human dermal fibroblasts from ADHD patients. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2021; 128:1135-1145. [PMID: 34275001 PMCID: PMC8295132 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-021-02374-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A link between dopamine levels, circadian gene expression, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has already been demonstrated. The aim of this study was to investigate the extent of these relationships by measuring circadian gene expression in primary human-derived dermal fibroblast cultures (HDF) after dopamine exposure. We analyzed circadian preference, behavioral circadian and sleep parameters as well as the circadian gene expression in a cohort of healthy controls and participants with ADHD. Circadian preference was evaluated with German Morningness-Eveningness-Questionnaire (D-MEQ) and rhythms of sleep/wake behavior were assessed via actigraphy. After ex vivo exposure to different dopamine concentrations in human dermal fibroblast (HDF) cultures, the rhythmicity of circadian gene expression (Clock, Bmal1, Per1-3, Cry1) was analyzed via qRT-PCR. We found no statistical significant effect in the actigraphy of both groups (healthy controls, ADHD group) for mid-sleep on weekend days, mid-sleep on weekdays, social jetlag, wake after sleep onset, and total number of wake bouts. D-MEQ scores indicated that healthy controls had no evening preference, whereas subjects with ADHD displayed both definitive and moderate evening preferences. Dopamine has no effect on Per3 expression in healthy controls, but produces a significant difference in the ADHD group at ZT24 and ZT28. In the ADHD group, incubation with dopamine, either 1 µM or 10 µM, resulted in an adjustment of Per3 expression to control levels. A similar effect also was found in the expression of Per2. Statistical significant differences in the expression of Per2 (ZT4) in the control group compared to the ADHD group were found, following incubation with dopamine. The present study illustrates that dopamine impacts on circadian function. The results lead to the suggestion that dopamine may improve the sleep quality as well as ADHD symptoms by adjustment of the circadian gene expression, especially for Per2 and Per3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Faltraco
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany.
| | - Denise Palm
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Adriana Uzoni
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Lena Borchert
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Frederick Simon
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Oliver Tucha
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Johannes Thome
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
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Parvopassu A, Oggiano M, Festucci F, Curcio G, Alleva E, Adriani W. Altering the development of the dopaminergic system through social play in rats: Implications for anxiety, depression, hyperactivity, and compulsivity. Neurosci Lett 2021; 760:136090. [PMID: 34197903 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine is essential to many functions like reward, motivation, and attention; when its neural pathways do not function properly, various disorders (e.g., anxiety, depression, hyperactivity, compulsions) can arise. Truncated-DAT rats display persistent stereotypies and aggressiveness; hence they are a new valuable animal model to study the pathogenesis of these disorders. The focus of research is often on the individual epigenetic determinants and much less on the impact of social experiences. Here, we investigate the developmental impact of the social environment on adolescent wild type (WT) rats. We divided subjects at weaning into three groups: living with another adolescent (WT Peer), with a WT adult, or with a truncated-DAT one, and we observed homecage social behavior of these pairs (play, jump, victory, and "bullying") during whole adolescence. When adult, we observed the same subjects in plus maze, forced swim, and social preference tests to measure levels of anxiety, depression, and quality of social interactions. Compared to the other groups, WT rats that had spent their adolescence with a truncated-DAT adult as companion show more anxious, depressive, hyperactive, impulsive, and compulsive behaviours. Results confirm that social interactions and healthy play (i.e., when play has behavioural, social, and psychomotor rewards that support the cognitive, emotional and physical development of the individual) are essential to neurobehavioral maturation. Conversely, anomalous interactions like poor play and "bullying" in developing rats may impact onto their dopaminergic system. Consequently, an impoverished social play could be one of the factors contributing to the appearance of putative indexes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and\or obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Parvopassu
- Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, Italy; Center for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Oggiano
- European Mind and Metabolism Association, Via Valtellina 108, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabiana Festucci
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Piazzale Salvatore Tommasi 1, L'Aquila, Italy; Center for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Curcio
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Piazzale Salvatore Tommasi 1, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Enrico Alleva
- Center for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, Italy
| | - Walter Adriani
- European Mind and Metabolism Association, Via Valtellina 108, Rome, Italy; Center for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, Italy.
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30
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Festucci F, Buccheri C, Parvopassu A, Oggiano M, Bortolato M, Laviola G, Curcio G, Adriani W. "Himalayan Bridge": A New Unstable Suspended Bridge to Investigate Rodents' Venturesome Behavior. Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 15:637074. [PMID: 33994967 PMCID: PMC8113634 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.637074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
While both risk-taking and avoidant behaviors are necessary for survival, their imbalanced expression can lead to impulse-control and anxiety disorders, respectively. In laboratory rodents, the conflict between risk proneness and anxiety can be studied by using their innate fear of heights. To explore this aspect in detail and investigate venturesome behavior, here we used a "Himalayan Bridge," a rat-adapted version of the suspended wire bridge protocol originally developed for mice. The apparatus is composed of two elevated scaffolds connected by bridges of different lengths and stability at 1 m above a foam rubber-covered floor. Rats were allowed to cross the bridge to reach food, and crossings, pawslips, turnabouts, and latencies to cross were measured. Given the link between risky behavior and adolescence, we used this apparatus to investigate the different responses elicited by a homecage mate on the adolescent development of risk-taking behavior. Thus, 24 wild-type (WT) subjects were divided into three different housing groups: WT rats grown up with WT adult rats; control WT adolescent rats (grown up with WT adolescents), which showed a proclivity to risk; and WT rats grown up with an adult rat harboring a truncated mutation for their dopamine transporter (DAT). This latter group exhibited risk-averse responses reminiscent of lower venturesomeness. Our results suggest that the Himalayan Bridge may be useful to investigate risk perception and seeking; thus, it should be included in the behavioral phenotyping of rat models of psychiatric disorders and cognitive dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Festucci
- Center for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Clelia Buccheri
- Center for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Parvopassu
- Center for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Marco Bortolato
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Giovanni Laviola
- Center for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Curcio
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Walter Adriani
- Center for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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31
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Cerantola S, Caputi V, Contarini G, Mereu M, Bertazzo A, Bosi A, Banfi D, Mantini D, Giaroni C, Giron MC. Dopamine Transporter Genetic Reduction Induces Morpho-Functional Changes in the Enteric Nervous System. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9050465. [PMID: 33923250 PMCID: PMC8146213 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Antidopaminergic gastrointestinal prokinetics are indeed commonly used to treat gastrointestinal motility disorders, although the precise role of dopaminergic transmission in the gut is still unclear. Since dopamine transporter (DAT) is involved in several brain disorders by modulating extracellular dopamine in the central nervous system, this study evaluated the impact of DAT genetic reduction on the morpho-functional integrity of mouse small intestine enteric nervous system (ENS). In DAT heterozygous (DAT+/-) and wild-type (DAT+/+) mice (14 ± 2 weeks) alterations in small intestinal contractility were evaluated by isometrical assessment of neuromuscular responses to receptor and non-receptor-mediated stimuli. Changes in ENS integrity were studied by real-time PCR and confocal immunofluorescence microscopy in longitudinal muscle-myenteric plexus whole-mount preparations (). DAT genetic reduction resulted in a significant increase in dopamine-mediated effects, primarily via D1 receptor activation, as well as in reduced cholinergic response, sustained by tachykininergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission via NMDA receptors. These functional anomalies were associated to architectural changes in the neurochemical coding and S100β immunoreactivity in small intestine myenteric plexus. Our study provides evidence that genetic-driven DAT defective activity determines anomalies in ENS architecture and neurochemical coding together with ileal dysmotility, highlighting the involvement of dopaminergic system in gut disorders, often associated to neurological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Cerantola
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (S.C.); (V.C.); (M.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Valentina Caputi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (S.C.); (V.C.); (M.M.); (A.B.)
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA
| | - Gabriella Contarini
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95131 Catania, Italy;
| | - Maddalena Mereu
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (S.C.); (V.C.); (M.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Antonella Bertazzo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (S.C.); (V.C.); (M.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Annalisa Bosi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (A.B.); (D.B.); (C.G.)
| | - Davide Banfi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (A.B.); (D.B.); (C.G.)
| | - Dante Mantini
- IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, 30126 Venice, Italy; or
- Motor Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Cristina Giaroni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy; (A.B.); (D.B.); (C.G.)
| | - Maria Cecilia Giron
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (S.C.); (V.C.); (M.M.); (A.B.)
- IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, 30126 Venice, Italy; or
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-049-827-5091; Fax: +39-049-827-5093
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Rizzardi LF, Hickey PF, Idrizi A, Tryggvadóttir R, Callahan CM, Stephens KE, Taverna SD, Zhang H, Ramazanoglu S, Hansen KD, Feinberg AP. Human brain region-specific variably methylated regions are enriched for heritability of distinct neuropsychiatric traits. Genome Biol 2021; 22:116. [PMID: 33888138 PMCID: PMC8061076 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-021-02335-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA methylation dynamics in the brain are associated with normal development and neuropsychiatric disease and differ across functionally distinct brain regions. Previous studies of genome-wide methylation differences among human brain regions focus on limited numbers of individuals and one to two brain regions. RESULTS Using GTEx samples, we generate a resource of DNA methylation in purified neuronal nuclei from 8 brain regions as well as lung and thyroid tissues from 12 to 23 donors. We identify differentially methylated regions between brain regions among neuronal nuclei in both CpG (181,146) and non-CpG (264,868) contexts, few of which were unique to a single pairwise comparison. This significantly expands the knowledge of differential methylation across the brain by 10-fold. In addition, we present the first differential methylation analysis among neuronal nuclei from basal ganglia tissues and identify unique CpG differentially methylated regions, many associated with ion transport. We also identify 81,130 regions of variably CpG methylated regions, i.e., variable methylation among individuals in the same brain region, which are enriched in regulatory regions and in CpG differentially methylated regions. Many variably methylated regions are unique to a specific brain region, with only 202 common across all brain regions, as well as lung and thyroid. Variably methylated regions identified in the amygdala, anterior cingulate cortex, and hippocampus are enriched for heritability of schizophrenia. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that epigenetic variation in these particular human brain regions could be associated with the risk for this neuropsychiatric disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay F. Rizzardi
- Center for Epigenetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 855 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, 601 Genome Way, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA
| | - Peter F. Hickey
- Department of Biostatistics, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N. Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
- Epigenetics and Development Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria Australia
| | - Adrian Idrizi
- Center for Epigenetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 855 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Rakel Tryggvadóttir
- Center for Epigenetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 855 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Colin M. Callahan
- Center for Epigenetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 855 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Kimberly E. Stephens
- Center for Epigenetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 855 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 13 Children’s Way, Little Rock, AR 72202 USA
- Arkansas Children’s Research Institute, Little Rock, AR 72202 USA
| | - Sean D. Taverna
- Center for Epigenetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 855 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Sinan Ramazanoglu
- Center for Epigenetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 855 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - GTEx Consortium
- Center for Epigenetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 855 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, 601 Genome Way, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N. Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
- Epigenetics and Development Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria Australia
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 13 Children’s Way, Little Rock, AR 72202 USA
- Arkansas Children’s Research Institute, Little Rock, AR 72202 USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University Schools of Engineering and Public Health, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Kasper D. Hansen
- Center for Epigenetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 855 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N. Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Andrew P. Feinberg
- Center for Epigenetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 855 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University Schools of Engineering and Public Health, Baltimore, MD USA
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Rahi V, Kumar P. Animal models of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Int J Dev Neurosci 2021; 81:107-124. [PMID: 33428802 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a heterogeneous neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by three primary symptoms hyperactivity, attention deficit, and impulsiveness, observed in both children and adults. In childhood, this disorder is more common in boys than in girls, and at least 75% will continue to suffer from the disorder until adulthood. Individuals with ADHD generally have poor academic, occupational, and social functioning resulting from developmentally inappropriate levels of hyperactivity and impulsivity, as well as impaired ability to maintain attention on motivationally relevant tasks. Very few drugs available in clinical practice altogether abolish the symptoms of ADHD, therefore, to find new drugs and target it is essential to understand the neuropathological, neurochemical, and genetic alterations that lead to the progression of ADHD. With this contrast, an animal study is the best approach because animal models provide relatively fast invasive manipulation, rigorous hypothesis testing, as well as it provides a better angle to understand the pathological mechanisms involved in disease progression. Moreover, animal models, especially for ADHD, serve with good predictive validity would allow the assessment and development of new therapeutic interventions, with this aim, the present review collect the various animal models on a single platform so that the research can select an appropriate model to pursue his study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikrant Rahi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, India
| | - Puneet Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
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Ruchkin V, Koposov R, Oreland L, af.Klinteberg B, Grigorenko EL. Dopamine-related receptors, substance dependence, behavioral problems and personality among juvenile delinquents. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.109849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Peixoto TC, Moura EG, Soares PN, Rodrigues VST, Claudio-Neto S, Oliveira E, Manhães AC, Lisboa PC. Nicotine exposure during lactation causes disruption of hedonic eating behavior and alters dopaminergic system in adult female rats. Appetite 2021; 160:105115. [PMID: 33453337 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Tobacco smoke during gestation is associated with increased consumption of palatable foods by the offspring in humans and rats. Postpartum relapse is observed in lactating women who quit smoking during pregnancy, putting their children at risk of adverse health outcomes caused by secondhand smoke. Nicotine is transferred through milk and alters the dopaminergic reward system of adult male rats, reducing dopamine action in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and hypothalamic arcuate nucleus. Here, we evaluated the long-term effects of nicotine-only exposure during lactation on eating behavior, anxiety, locomotion, dopaminergic system, hypothalamic leptin signaling and nicotinic receptor in the adult female rat progeny. Two days after birth (PN2), Wistar rat dams were separated into control and nicotine (Nic) groups for implantation of osmotic minipumps that released respectively saline or 6 mg/kg nicotine. Lactating dams were kept with 6 pups. After weaning (PN21; nicotine withdrawal), only the female offspring were studied. Euthanasia occurred at PN180. Nic females showed hyperphagia, preference for a high-sucrose diet, increased anxiety-like behavior, lower tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), lower dopamine transporter and higher dopamine receptor (Drd2) in NAc; lower Drd1 in prefrontal cortex and lower TH in dorsal striatum (DS). These animals showed changes that can explain their hyperphagia, such as: lower leptin signaling pathway (Leprb, pJAK2, pSTAT3) and Chrna7 expression in hypothalamus. Neonatal nicotine exposure affects the brain reward system of the female progeny differently from males, mainly decreasing dopamine production in NAc and DS. Therefore, Nic females are more susceptible to develop food addiction and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Peixoto
- Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, RJ, Brazil
| | - E G Moura
- Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, RJ, Brazil
| | - P N Soares
- Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - S Claudio-Neto
- Neurophysiology Laboratory, Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - E Oliveira
- Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, RJ, Brazil
| | - A C Manhães
- Neurophysiology Laboratory, Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - P C Lisboa
- Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, RJ, Brazil.
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Dong E, Pandey SC. Prenatal stress induced chromatin remodeling and risk of psychopathology in adulthood. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2020; 156:185-215. [PMID: 33461663 PMCID: PMC7864549 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
New insights into the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders suggest the existence of a complex interplay between genetics and environment. This notion is supported by evidence suggesting that exposure to stress during pregnancy exerts profound effects on the neurodevelopment and behavior of the offspring and predisposes them to psychiatric disorders later in life. Accumulated evidence suggests that vulnerability to psychiatric disorders may result from permanent negative effects of long-term changes in synaptic plasticity due to altered epigenetic mechanisms (histone modifications and DNA methylation) that lead to condensed chromatin architecture, thereby decreasing the expression of candidate genes during early brain development. In this chapter, we have summarized the literature of clinical studies on psychiatric disorders induced by maternal stress during pregnancy. We also discussed the epigenetic alterations of gene regulations induced by prenatal stress. Because the clinical manifestations of psychiatric disorders are complex, it is obvious that the biological progression of these diseases cannot be studied only in postmortem brains of patients and the use of animal models is required. Therefore, in this chapter, we have introduced a well-established mouse model of prenatal stress (PRS) generated in restrained pregnant dams. The behavioral phenotypes of the offspring (PRS mice) born to the stressed dam and underlying epigenetic changes in key molecules related to synaptic activity were described and highlighted. PRS mice may serve as a useful model for investigating the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders and may be a useful tool for screening for the potential compounds that may normalize aberrant epigenetic mechanisms induced by prenatal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erbo Dong
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.
| | - Subhash C Pandey
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
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Tanda G, Hersey M, Hempel B, Xi ZX, Newman AH. Modafinil and its structural analogs as atypical dopamine uptake inhibitors and potential medications for psychostimulant use disorder. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2020; 56:13-21. [PMID: 32927246 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacotherapeutics for treatment of psychostimulant use disorder are still an unmet medical goal. Recently, off label use of modafinil (MOD), an approved medication for treatment of sleep disturbances, has been tested as a therapeutic for cocaine and methamphetamine use disorder. Positive results have been found in subjects dependent on psychostimulants without concurrent abuse of other substances. Novel structural analogs of MOD have been synthesized in the search for compounds with potentially broader therapeutic efficacy than the parent drug. In the present report we review their potential efficacy as treatments for psychostimulant abuse and dependence assessed in preclinical tests. Results from these preclinical proof of concept studies reveal that some modafinil analogs do not possess typical cocaine-like neurochemical and behavioral effects. Further, they might blunt the reinforcing effects of psychostimulants in animal models, suggesting their potential efficacy as pharmacotherapeutics for treatment of psychostimulant use disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Tanda
- Medication Development Program, Molecular Targets and Medication Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, NIH, DHHS, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
| | - Melinda Hersey
- Medication Development Program, Molecular Targets and Medication Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, NIH, DHHS, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Briana Hempel
- Medication Development Program, Molecular Targets and Medication Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, NIH, DHHS, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Zheng-Xiong Xi
- Medication Development Program, Molecular Targets and Medication Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, NIH, DHHS, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Amy Hauck Newman
- Medication Development Program, Molecular Targets and Medication Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, NIH, DHHS, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
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Festucci F, Buccheri C, Cerniglia L, Paciello M, Cimino S, Curcio G, Adriani W. A new paradigm for Prosocial Behavior and Reciprocity, assessed in WT and HET rats for the DAT gene. Behav Brain Res 2020; 393:112746. [PMID: 32502514 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Most behavioral studies on animals focus on observation of individual subjects. Current paradigms of sociability set aside the social-operant dimension, i.e. acting in favor of another conspecific. We focused on prosocial behavior and reciprocity of male, adult Wild-Type (WT) and Heterozygous (HET) rats for the dopamine-transporter (DAT) gene. METHOD: The experiment consisted of 24 rats, of WT (n = 12) and HET (n = 12) genotypes. During training, rats were daily introduced, individually, into an apparatus hosting a suspended syringe, which they learnt to push in order to obtain food therein. Then, twice daily along several weeks, we introduced two rats separated by a grid in the same structure: by syringe-pushing, each subject had the opportunity to donate and receive donations of food. We tested pairs with similar versus different genotype. Eventually, we replaced food reward with polystyrene pieces, to understand if they pushed for actual reward or like a habit. RESULTS: In general, WT rats had better performance, regardless of reward type, than HET ones. When we crossed partner rats' genotype (WT-HET pairs), WT rats pushed at peak levels, regardless of food pellet received back (in fact, HET companions pushed less). Couples of WT rats achieved better results than HET ones even when polystyrene, instead of food, was used. Thus,WT rats seem to be a better model for altruistic behavior than HET ones. For this reason, HET rats could represent a model for studies on altered prosocial behavior, to understand the role of DAT gene for impaired social mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Festucci
- Center for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Piazzale Salvatore Tommasi 1, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Clelia Buccheri
- Center for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, Italy; Department of Biological Sciences, Tor Vergata University, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, Rome, Italy.
| | - Luca Cerniglia
- Faculty of Psychology, International Telematic University Uninettuno, Rome, Italy.
| | - Marinella Paciello
- Faculty of Psychology, International Telematic University Uninettuno, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Cimino
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Curcio
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Piazzale Salvatore Tommasi 1, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Walter Adriani
- Center for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, Italy; Faculty of Psychology, International Telematic University Uninettuno, Rome, Italy.
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Colorectal Cancer Early Detection in Stool Samples Tracing CpG Islands Methylation Alterations Affecting Gene Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124494. [PMID: 32599859 PMCID: PMC7349989 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of cancer mortality. Early diagnosis is relevant for its prevention and treatment. Since DNA methylation alterations are early events in tumourigenesis and can be detected in cell-free DNA, they represent promising biomarkers for early CRC diagnosis through non-invasive methods. In our previous work, we identified 74 early altered CpG islands (CGIs) associated with genes involved in cell cross-talking and cell signalling pathways. The aim of this work was to test whether methylation-based biomarkers could be detected in non-invasive matrices. Our results confirmed methylation alterations of GRIA4 and VIPR2 in CRC tissues, using MethyLight, as well as in stool samples, using a much more sensitive technique as droplet digital PCR. Furthermore, we analysed expression levels of selected genes whose promoter CGIs were hypermethylated in CRC, detecting downregulation at mRNA and protein levels in CRC tissue for GRIA4, VIPR2, SPOCK1 and SLC6A3. Most of these genes were already lowly expressed in colon normal tissues supporting the idea that cancer DNA methylation targets genes already barely expressed in the matched normal tissues. Our study suggests GRIA4 and VIPR2 as biomarkers for early CRC diagnosis using stool samples and confirms downregulation of genes hypermethylated in CRC.
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Asad N, McLain DE, Condon AF, Gore S, Hampton SE, Vijay S, Williams JT, Dore TM. Photoactivatable Dopamine and Sulpiride to Explore the Function of Dopaminergic Neurons and Circuits. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:939-951. [PMID: 32077679 PMCID: PMC7101055 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinetic analysis of dopamine receptor activation and inactivation and the study of dopamine-dependent signaling requires precise simulation of the presynaptic release of the neurotransmitter dopamine and tight temporal control over the release of dopamine receptor antagonists. The 8-cyano-7-hydroxyquinolinyl (CyHQ) photoremovable protecting group was conjugated to dopamine and the dopamine receptor antagonist sulpiride to generate "caged" versions of these neuromodulators (CyHQ-O-DA and CyHQ-sulpiride, respectively) that could release their payloads with 365 or 405 nm light or through 2-photon excitation (2PE) at 740 nm. These compounds are stable under physiological conditions in the dark, yet photolyze rapidly and cleanly to yield dopamine or sulpiride and the caging remnant CyHQ-OH. CyHQ-O-DA mediated the light activation of dopamine-1 (D1) receptors on the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 in culture. In mouse brain slice from the substantia nigra pars compacta, localized flash photolysis of CyHQ-O-DA accurately mimicked the natural presynaptic release of dopamine and activation of dopamine-2 (D2) receptors, causing a robust, concentration-dependent, and repeatable G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium channel-mediated outward current in whole-cell voltage clamp recordings that was amplified by cocaine and blocked by sulpiride. Photolysis of CyHQ-sulpiride rapidly blocked synaptic activity, enabling measurement of the unbinding rates of dopamine and quinpirole, a D2 receptor agonist. These tools will enable more detailed study of dopamine receptors, their interactions with other GPCRs, and the physiology of dopamine signaling in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naeem Asad
- New York University Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Duncan E. McLain
- New York University Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Alec F. Condon
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
| | - Sangram Gore
- New York University Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shahienaz E. Hampton
- New York University Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sauparnika Vijay
- New York University Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - John T. Williams
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
| | - Timothy M. Dore
- New York University Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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41
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The solute carrier transporters and the brain: Physiological and pharmacological implications. Asian J Pharm Sci 2019; 15:131-144. [PMID: 32373195 PMCID: PMC7193445 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2019.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Solute carriers (SLCs) are the largest family of transmembrane transporters that determine the exchange of various substances, including nutrients, ions, metabolites, and drugs across biological membranes. To date, the presence of about 287 SLC genes have been identified in the brain, among which mutations or the resultant dysfunctions of 71 SLC genes have been reported to be correlated with human brain disorders. Although increasing interest in SLCs have focused on drug development, SLCs are currently still under-explored as drug targets, especially in the brain. We summarize the main substrates and functions of SLCs that are expressed in the brain, with an emphasis on selected SLCs that are important physiologically, pathologically, and pharmacologically in the blood-brain barrier, astrocytes, and neurons. Evidence suggests that a fraction of SLCs are regulated along with the occurrences of brain disorders, among which epilepsy, neurodegenerative diseases, and autism are representative. Given the review of SLCs involved in the onset and procession of brain disorders, we hope these SLCs will be screened as promising drug targets to improve drug delivery to the brain.
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Keighron JD, Quarterman JC, Cao J, DeMarco EM, Coggiano MA, Gleaves A, Slack RD, Zanettini C, Newman AH, Tanda G. Effects of ( R)-Modafinil and Modafinil Analogues on Dopamine Dynamics Assessed by Voltammetry and Microdialysis in the Mouse Nucleus Accumbens Shell. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:2012-2021. [PMID: 30645944 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent discoveries have improved our understanding of the physiological and pathological roles of the dopamine transporter (DAT); however, only a few drugs are clinically available for DAT-implicated disorders. Among those drugs, modafinil (MOD) and its ( R)-enantiomer (R-MOD) have been used off-label as therapies for psychostimulant use disorders, but they have shown limited effectiveness in clinical trials. Recent preclinical studies on MOD and R-MOD have led to chemically modified structures aimed toward improving their neurobiological properties that might lead to more effective therapeutics for stimulant use disorders. This study examines three MOD analogues (JJC8-016, JJC8-088, and JJC8-091) with improved DAT affinities compared to their parent compound. These compounds were investigated for their effects on the neurochemistry (brain microdialysis and FSCV) and behavior (ambulatory activity) of male Swiss-Webster mice. Our data indicate that these compounds have dissimilar effects on tonic and phasic dopamine in the nucleus accumbens shell and variability in producing ambulatory activity. These results suggest that small changes in the chemical structure of a DAT inhibitor can cause compounds such as JJC8-088 to produce effects similar to abused psychostimulants like cocaine. In contrast, other compounds like JJC8-091 do not share cocaine-like effects and have a more atypical DAT-inhibitor profile, which may prove to be an advancement in the treatment of psychostimulant use disorders.
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43
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Walker DM, Cunningham AM, Gregory JK, Nestler EJ. Long-Term Behavioral Effects of Post-weaning Social Isolation in Males and Females. Front Behav Neurosci 2019; 13:66. [PMID: 31031604 PMCID: PMC6470390 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is a developmental period associated with vast neural and behavioral changes which are accompanied by altered sensitivity to stimuli, both stressful and rewarding. Perturbations, especially stressful stimuli, during this period have been shown to alter behavior in adulthood. Social isolation rearing is one such perturbation. This review highlights the long-term behavioral consequences of adolescent social isolation rearing in rodents with a specific focus on anxiety- and addiction-related behaviors. Sex-specific effects are discussed where data are available. We then consider changes in monoaminergic neurotransmission as one possible mechanism for the behavioral effects described. This research on both normative and perturbed adolescent development is crucial to understanding and treating the increased vulnerability to psychiatric disorders seen in humans during this life stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deena M Walker
- Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ashley M Cunningham
- Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jill K Gregory
- Academic IT: Instructional Technology Group, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Eric J Nestler
- Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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Adinolfi A, Zelli S, Leo D, Carbone C, Mus L, Illiano P, Alleva E, Gainetdinov RR, Adriani W. Behavioral characterization of DAT-KO rats and evidence of asocial-like phenotypes in DAT-HET rats: The potential involvement of norepinephrine system. Behav Brain Res 2018; 359:516-527. [PMID: 30472113 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) is a key neurotransmitter of the central nervous system, whose availability is regulated by the dopamine transporter (DAT). Deletion of DAT gene leading to hyperdopaminergia was previously performed on mouse models. This enabled recapitulation of the core symptoms of Attention-Deficit / Hyper-activity Disorder (ADHD), which include hyperactivity, inattention and cognitive impairment. We used recently developed DAT knockout (DAT-KO) rats to carry out further behavioral profiling on this novel model of hyperdopaminergia. DAT-KO rats display elevated locomotor activity and restless environmental exploration, associated with a transient anxiety profile. Furthermore, these rats show pronounced stereotypy and compulsive-like behavior at the Marble-Burying test. Homozygous DAT-KO rats mantain intact social interaction when tested in a social-preference task, while heterozygous (HET) rats show high inactivity associated with close proximity to the social stimulus. Ex-vivo evaluation of brain catecholamines highlighted increased levels of norepinephrine in the hippocampus and hypothalamus exclusively of heterozygous rats. Taken together, our data present evidence of unexpected asocial tendencies in heterozygous (DAT-HET) rats associated with neurochemical alterations in norepinephrine neurotransmission. We shed light on the behavioral and neurochemical consequences of altered DAT function in a higher, more complex model of hyperdopaminergia. Unraveling the role of DA neurotransmission in DAT-KO rats has very important implications in the understanding of many psychiatric illnesses, including ADHD, where alterations in DA system have been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Adinolfi
- Center for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, I-00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Zelli
- Center for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, I-00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Damiana Leo
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Mons, 20 Place du Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Cristiana Carbone
- Center for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, I-00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Liudmila Mus
- Valdman Institute of Pharmacology, First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Placido Illiano
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Enrico Alleva
- Center for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, I-00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Raul R Gainetdinov
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 143025 Moscow, Russia; Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Walter Adriani
- Center for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, I-00161 Rome, Italy.
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Na +, K +-ATPase inhibition causes hyperactivity and impulsivity in mice via dopamine D2 receptor-mediated mechanism. Neurosci Res 2018; 146:54-64. [PMID: 30296459 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Hyperactivity and impulsivity are common symptoms in several psychiatric disorders. Although dysfunction of Na+, K+-ATPase has been reported to be associated with the psychiatric disorders, it is not clear whether inhibition of Na+, K+-ATPase causes behavioral effects, including hyperactivity and impulsivity, in mice. Here, we evaluated the effect of intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of ouabain, an inhibitor of Na+, K+-ATPase, on hyperactivity and impulsivity in mice. At seven days after icv injection, ouabain-injected mice displayed the increase in the distance traveled in the open field arena in the open field test and the increase in the number of head-dipping behavior in the cliff avoidance test. Chlorpromazine or haloperidol, typical antipsychotics, reduced the hyperactivity and impulsivity in ouabain-injected mice. On the other hand, neither lithium carbonate nor valproate, established mood-stabilizing drugs, improved hyperactivity and impulsivity in our mouse model. Furthermore, ouabain-injected mice exhibited the increase in the number of c-fos-positive cells in the nucleus accumbens and the prefrontal cortex but not in the ventral tegmental area, which was reduced by haloperidol. These results suggest that the dysfunction of Na+, K+-ATPase causes hyperactivity and impulsivity via hyperactivation of dopamine D2 receptor-mediated signaling pathway, causing disturbed neuronal circuits in mice.
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González-Giraldo Y, Trujillo ML, Forero DA. Two dopaminergic genes, DRD4 and SLC6A3, are associated with body mass index in a Colombian sample of young adults. Arch Physiol Biochem 2018; 124:330-334. [PMID: 29145734 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2017.1401643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is becoming an epidemic in Latin American countries. Genetic analyses of endophenotypes for obesity, such as body mass index (BMI), are quite useful for research. In this study, we analysed two functional polymorphisms in the dopamine receptor 4 (DRD4) and dopamine transporter (SLC6A3) genes. A sample of 232 Colombian young subjects were recruited and evaluated for BMI. Two functional polymorphisms in the DRD4 and SLC6A3 and genes were genotyped by PCR and electrophoresis. A significant association was found between BMI and the polymorphisms in DRD4 and SLC6A3 genes. DRD4 4/4 genotype was associated with a lower mean BMI and SLC6A3 10/10 genotype was associated with a higher mean BMI. Our work provides additional novel findings about the association of dopaminergic genes with BMI in healthy young adults. In addition, our study is one the first analyses of candidate genes for BMI in Latin American samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeimy González-Giraldo
- a Laboratory of NeuroPsychiatric Genetics, Biomedical Sciences Research Group , School of Medicine, Universidad Antonio Nariño , Bogotá , Colombia
| | - Martha L Trujillo
- a Laboratory of NeuroPsychiatric Genetics, Biomedical Sciences Research Group , School of Medicine, Universidad Antonio Nariño , Bogotá , Colombia
| | - Diego A Forero
- a Laboratory of NeuroPsychiatric Genetics, Biomedical Sciences Research Group , School of Medicine, Universidad Antonio Nariño , Bogotá , Colombia
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Rogers J. The behavioral genetics of nonhuman primates: Status and prospects. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2018; 165 Suppl 65:23-36. [PMID: 29380886 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The complexity and diversity of primate behavior have long attracted the attention of ethologists, psychologists, behavioral ecologists, and neuroscientists. Recent studies have advanced our understanding of the nature of genetic influences on differences in behavior among individuals within species. A number of analyses have focused on the genetic analysis of behavioral reactions to specific experimental tests, providing estimates of the degree of genetic control over reactivity, and beginning to identify the genes involved. Substantial progress is also being made in identifying genetic factors that influence the structure and function of the primate brain. Most of the published studies on these topics have examined either cercopithecines or chimpanzees, though a few studies have addressed these questions in other primate species. One potentially important line of research is beginning to identify the epigenetic processes that influence primate behavior, thus revealing specific cellular and molecular mechanisms by which environmental experiences can influence gene expression or gene function relevant to behavior. This review summarizes many of these studies of non-human primate behavioral genetics. The primary focus is on analyses that address the nature of the genes and genetic processes that affect differences in behavior among individuals within non-human primate species. Analyses of between species differences and potential avenues for future research are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Rogers
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics and Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
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