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Nagani A, Shah M, Patel S, Patel H, Parikh V, Patel A, Patel S, Patel K, Parmar H, Bhimani B, Yadav MR. Unveiling piperazine-quinoline hybrids as potential multi-target directed anti-Alzheimer's agents: design, synthesis and biological evaluation. Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-024-10927-4. [PMID: 38990393 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-024-10927-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Multi-target directed ligands (MTDLs) have recently been popularized due to their outstanding efficacy in combating the complicated features of Alzheimer's disease. This study details the synthesis of piperazine-quinoline-based MTDLs through a multicomponent Petasis reaction, targeting multiple factors such as AChE, BuChE, metal chelation to restore metal dyshomeostasis, and antioxidant activity. Some of the synthesized compounds exhibited notable inhibitory activity against AChE and BuChE enzymes at specific concentrations. Among the synthesized compounds compound (95) containing a 4-chloroaniline moiety and a 4-methoxybenzyl group displayed the most promising inhibitory activities against AChE (IC50 3.013 µM) and BuChE (IC50 = 3.144 µM). Compound (83) featuring 2-methoxyaniline and 4-fluorobenzyl substituents, exhibited the highest BuChE inhibition (IC50 1.888 µM). Notably, compound (79) demonstrated 93-times higher selectivity for BuChE over AChE. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were also performed to explore the binding modes and stability of these compounds with the AChE amd BuChE proteins. Further, kinetics study was performed against AChE for comounds (83 and 95) which indicated mixed inhibition of the enzyme by these compounds, Amongs the synthesized compounds, nine compounds were assessed for their antioxidant activity, displaying significant antioxidant properties with IC50 values ranging from 156 µM to 310 µM. Moreover, all the compounds demonstrated metal chelating tendency with Cu+2, Zn+2, Fe+2, Fe+3 and Al+3. This study provides insights into the design of novel MTDLs, highlighting compound (95) as a potential candidate for combating Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afzal Nagani
- Parul Institute of Pharmacy, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
- Research and Development Cell, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Moksh Shah
- Parul Institute of Pharmacy, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Salman Patel
- Parul Institute of Pharmacy, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Harnisha Patel
- Parul Institute of Pharmacy, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Vruti Parikh
- Parul Institute of Pharmacy, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Ashish Patel
- Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT Campus, Changa, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Sagar Patel
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kirti Patel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The M.S University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Hardik Parmar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The M.S University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | | | - Mange Ram Yadav
- Research and Development Cell, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.
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Scolari Grotto F, Glaser V. Are high copper levels related to Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases? A systematic review and meta-analysis of articles published between 2011 and 2022. Biometals 2024; 37:3-22. [PMID: 37594582 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-023-00530-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Copper performs an important role in the brain, but in high levels it can be neurotoxic. Further, some authors have described that copper dyshomeostasis could be related with neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, this review was performed to observe whether high copper levels are related to Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases (AD and PD), using the literature published recently. Articles that measured copper levels in AD or PD patients was included, as well as they that measured copper levels in models used to mimic these diseases. Also, results about high copper levels effects and its relationship with AD and PD observed in laboratory animals are considered. In summary, 38 and 24 articles with AD and PD patients were included, respectively. Despite of the heterogeneity between the studies in humans, meta-analysis has demonstrated that there is an increase in free and total copper levels in the blood of AD patients compared to controls, and a decrease in copper levels in PD patients. A decrease in the metal content in postmortem brain tissue was observed in AD and PD. In manuscripts using animal models that mimic AD and PD, it was included seven and three articles, respectively. Two of them have reported an increase in copper concentrations in AD model, and one in PD model. Finally, studies with laboratory animals have concluded that high copper levels are related to oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, changes in neurotransmitter levels, cell death, and reduced both cognitive and locomotor activity, which are also described in AD or PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabielly Scolari Grotto
- Cell Biology Lab, Biological and Agronomic Sciences Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Rodovia Ulysses Gaboardi, Km3, Curitibanos, SC, Brazil
| | - Viviane Glaser
- Cell Biology Lab, Biological and Agronomic Sciences Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Rodovia Ulysses Gaboardi, Km3, Curitibanos, SC, Brazil.
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Abdul-Rahman T, Awuah WA, Mikhailova T, Kalmanovich J, Mehta A, Ng JC, Coghlan MA, Zivcevska M, Tedeschi AJ, de Oliveira EC, Kumar A, Cantu-Herrera E, Lyndin M, Sikora K, Alexiou A, Bilgrami AL, Al-Ghamdi KM, Perveen A, Papadakis M, Ashraf GM. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and epigenetic potential of curcumin in Alzheimer's disease. Biofactors 2024. [PMID: 38226733 DOI: 10.1002/biof.2039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) constitutes a multifactorial neurodegenerative pathology characterized by cognitive deterioration, personality alterations, and behavioral shifts. The ongoing brain impairment process poses significant challenges for therapeutic interventions due to activating multiple neurotoxic pathways. Current pharmacological interventions have shown limited efficacy and are associated with significant side effects. Approaches focusing on the early interference with disease pathways, before activation of broad neurotoxic processes, could be promising to slow down symptomatic progression of the disease. Curcumin-an integral component of traditional medicine in numerous cultures worldwide-has garnered interest as a promising AD treatment. Current research indicates that curcumin may exhibit therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative pathologies, attributed to its potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Additionally, curcumin and its derivatives have demonstrated an ability to modulate cellular pathways via epigenetic mechanisms. This article aims to raise awareness of the neuroprotective properties of curcuminoids that could provide therapeutic benefits in AD. The paper provides a comprehensive overview of the neuroprotective efficacy of curcumin against signaling pathways that could be involved in AD and summarizes recent evidence of the biological efficiency of curcumins in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toufik Abdul-Rahman
- Sumy State University, Sumy, Ukraine
- Toufik's World Medical Association, Ukraine
| | - Wireko Andrew Awuah
- Sumy State University, Sumy, Ukraine
- Toufik's World Medical Association, Ukraine
| | | | - Jacob Kalmanovich
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Aashna Mehta
- University of Debrecen-Faculty of Medicine, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Jyi Cheng Ng
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Megan Ariel Coghlan
- University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, United States
| | - Marija Zivcevska
- Liberty University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lynchburg, Virginia, United States
| | | | | | - Akinchita Kumar
- Lincoln Memorial University-DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine Harrogate, Harrogate, Tennessee, United States
| | - Emiliano Cantu-Herrera
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of Monterrey, San Pedro Garza García, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Mykola Lyndin
- Sumy State University, Sumy, Ukraine
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Anatomy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Athanasios Alexiou
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, New South Wales, Australia
- University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India
- AFNP Med, Wien, Austria
| | - Anwar L Bilgrami
- Deanship of Scientific Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Asma Perveen
- Glocal School of Life Sciences, Glocal University, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Princess Dr. Najla Bint Saud Al-Saud Center for Excellence Research in Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marios Papadakis
- Department of Surgery II, University Hospital Witten-Herdecke, University of Witten-Herdecke, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- University of Sharjah, College of Health Sciences, and Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Doroszkiewicz J, Farhan JA, Mroczko J, Winkel I, Perkowski M, Mroczko B. Common and Trace Metals in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15721. [PMID: 37958705 PMCID: PMC10649239 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Trace elements and metals play critical roles in the normal functioning of the central nervous system (CNS), and their dysregulation has been implicated in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). In a healthy CNS, zinc, copper, iron, and manganese play vital roles as enzyme cofactors, supporting neurotransmission, cellular metabolism, and antioxidant defense. Imbalances in these trace elements can lead to oxidative stress, protein aggregation, and mitochondrial dysfunction, thereby contributing to neurodegeneration. In AD, copper and zinc imbalances are associated with amyloid-beta and tau pathology, impacting cognitive function. PD involves the disruption of iron and manganese levels, leading to oxidative damage and neuronal loss. Toxic metals, like lead and cadmium, impair synaptic transmission and exacerbate neuroinflammation, impacting CNS health. The role of aluminum in AD neurofibrillary tangle formation has also been noted. Understanding the roles of these elements in CNS health and disease might offer potential therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative disorders. The Codex Alimentarius standards concerning the mentioned metals in foods may be one of the key legal contributions to safeguarding public health. Further research is needed to fully comprehend these complex mechanisms and develop effective interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Doroszkiewicz
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Jakub Ali Farhan
- Department of Public International Law and European Law, Faculty of Law, University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Jan Mroczko
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Izabela Winkel
- Dementia Disorders Centre, Medical University of Wroclaw, 50-425 Scinawa, Poland
| | - Maciej Perkowski
- Department of Public International Law and European Law, Faculty of Law, University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Barbara Mroczko
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
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Górska A, Markiewicz-Gospodarek A, Markiewicz R, Chilimoniuk Z, Borowski B, Trubalski M, Czarnek K. Distribution of Iron, Copper, Zinc and Cadmium in Glia, Their Influence on Glial Cells and Relationship with Neurodegenerative Diseases. Brain Sci 2023; 13:911. [PMID: 37371389 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13060911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent data on the distribution and influence of copper, zinc and cadmium in glial cells are summarized. This review also examines the relationship between those metals and their role in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer disease, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson disease and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, which have become a great challenge for today's physicians. The studies suggest that among glial cells, iron has the highest concentration in oligodendrocytes, copper in astrocytes and zinc in the glia of hippocampus and cortex. Previous studies have shown neurotoxic effects of copper, iron and manganese, while zinc can have a bidirectional effect, i.e., neurotoxic but also neuroprotective effects depending on the dose and disease state. Recent data point to the association of metals with neurodegeneration through their role in the modulation of protein aggregation. Metals can accumulate in the brain with aging and may be associated with age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Górska
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 4 Jaczewskiego St., 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Renata Markiewicz
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Medical University of Lublin, 18 Szkolna St., 20-124 Lublin, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Chilimoniuk
- Student Scientific Group at the Department of Family Medicine, 6a (SPSK1) Langiewicza St., 20-032 Lublin, Poland
| | - Bartosz Borowski
- Students Scientific Association at the Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Mateusz Trubalski
- Students Scientific Association at the Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Czarnek
- Institute of Health Sciences, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynów 1 H, 20-708 Lublin, Poland
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Li K, Li A, Mei Y, Zhao J, Zhou Q, Li Y, Yang M, Xu Q. Trace elements and Alzheimer dementia in population-based studies: A bibliometric and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 318:120782. [PMID: 36464120 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in the concentrations of trace elements may play a vital role in Alzheimer dementia progression. However, previous research results are inconsistent, and there is still a lack of review on the relationship between all the studied-trace elements and AD from various perspectives of population-based studies. In this study, we systematically reviewed previous population-based studies and identified the altered trace elements in AD patients. We searched the Web of Science Core Collection, PubMed, and Scopus database, and ultimately included 73 articles. A bibliometric analysis was conducted to explore the evolution of the field from an epidemiological perspective. Bibliometric data such as trace elements, biological materials, detection methods, cognitive tests, co-occurrence and co-citation statistics are all analyzed and presented in a quantitative manner. The 73 included studies analyzed 39 trace elements in total. In a further meta-analysis, standardized mean differences (SMDs) of 13 elements were calculated to evaluate their altered in AD patients, including copper, iron, zinc, selenium, manganese, lead, aluminum, cadmium, chromium, arsenic, mercury, cobalt, and manganese. We identified four trace elements-copper (serum), iron (plasma), zinc (hair), and selenium (plasma)-altered in AD patients, with SMDs of 0.37 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.10, 0.65), -0.68 (95% CI: -1.34, -0.02), -0.35 (95% CI: -0.62, -0.08), and -0.61 (95% CI: -0.97, -0.25), respectively. Finally, we formed a database of various trace element levels in AD patients and healthy controls. Our study can help future researchers gain a comprehensive understanding of the advancements in the field, and our results provide comprehensive population-based data for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Ang Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Yayuan Mei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Yanbing Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Qun Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
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7
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Yu J, He Y, Yu X, Gu L, Wang Q, Wang S, Tao F, Sheng J. Associations Between Mild Cognitive Impairment and Whole Blood Zinc and Selenium in the Elderly Cohort. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:51-64. [PMID: 35113349 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03136-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Some studies have shown that an imbalance in trace element homeostasis can lead to cognitive dysfunction, but data are lacking. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between whole blood zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), copper-zinc ratio (Cu/Zn), copper-selenium ratio (Cu/Se), and zinc-selenium ratio (Zn/Se) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in elderly Chinese individuals. The study was based on the Elderly Health and Controlled Environmental Factors Cohort in Lu'an, Anhui Province, China, from June to September 2016. The cognitive function of the elderly was determined by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and activities of daily living (ADL) scales. The concentrations of Zn, Cu, and Se in the whole blood were measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the associations between trace elements and MCI. A total of 1006 participants with an average age of 71.70 years old were included in this study. Compared with healthy people, MCI patients had higher whole blood Zn levels and lower Se levels, and Cu/Zn, Cu/Se, and Zn/Se were also significantly different. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that Zn, Cu/Se, and Zn/Se exposure in the third tertile was associated with an increased risk of MCI, while Se exposure in the third tertile was associated with a reduced risk of MCI. After adjustment for sex, age, marital status, BMI, and living status, whole blood Zn, Se, Cu/Zn, Cu/Se, and Zn/Se were significantly associated with MCI risk, especially in elderly women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Yu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yu He
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xuemin Yu
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Ling Gu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Changzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changzhou, 213000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qunan Wang
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Sufang Wang
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle/Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jie Sheng
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle/Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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Aaseth JO, Nurchi VM. Chelation Combination-A Strategy to Mitigate the Neurotoxicity of Manganese, Iron, and Copper? Biomolecules 2022; 12:1713. [PMID: 36421727 PMCID: PMC9687779 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The chelating thiol dimercaptosuccinate (DMSA) and the traditional agent D-penicillamine (PSH) are effective in enhancing the urinary excretion of copper (Cu) and lead (Pb) in poisoned individuals. However, DMSA, PSH, EDTA (ethylenediamine tetraacetate), and deferoxamine (DFOA) are water-soluble agents with limited access to the central nervous system (CNS). Strategies for mobilization of metals such as manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), and Cu from brain deposits may require the combined use of two agents: one water-soluble agent to remove circulating metal into urine, in addition to an adjuvant shuttler to facilitate the brain-to-blood mobilization. The present review discusses the chemical basis of metal chelation and the ligand exchange of metal ions. To obtain increased excretion of Mn, Cu, and Fe, early experiences showed promising results for CaEDTA, PSH, and DFOA, respectively. Recent experiments have indicated that p-amino salicylate (PAS) plus CaEDTA may be a useful combination to remove Mn from binding sites in CNS, while the deferasirox-DFOA and the tetrathiomolybdate-DMSA combinations may be preferable to promote mobilization of Fe and Cu, respectively, from the CNS. Further research is requested to explore benefits of chelator combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan O. Aaseth
- Department of Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, P.O. Box 104, N-2381 Brumunddal, Norway
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, P.O. Box 104, N-2418 Elverum, Norway
| | - Valeria M. Nurchi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
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Coelho FC, Cerchiaro G, Araújo SES, Daher JPL, Cardoso SA, Coelho GF, Guimarães AG. Is There a Connection between the Metabolism of Copper, Sulfur, and Molybdenum in Alzheimer’s Disease? New Insights on Disease Etiology. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147935. [PMID: 35887282 PMCID: PMC9324259 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other forms of dementia was ranked 3rd in both the Americas and Europe in 2019 in a World Health Organization (WHO) publication listing the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Copper (Cu) imbalance has been reported in AD and increasing evidence suggests metal imbalance, including molybdenum (Mo), as a potential link with AD occurrence.We conducted an extensive literature review of the last 60 years of research on AD and its relationship with Cu, sulfur (S), and Mo at out of range levels.Weanalyzed the interactions among metallic elements’ metabolisms;Cu and Mo are biological antagonists, Mo is a sulfite oxidase and xanthine oxidase co-factor, and their low activities impair S metabolism and reduce uric acid, respectively. We found significant evidence in the literature of a new potential mechanism linking Cu imbalance to Mo and S abnormalities in AD etiology: under certain circumstances, the accumulation of Cu not bound to ceruloplasmin might affect the transport of Mo outside the blood vessels, causing a mild Mo deficiency that might lowerthe activity of Mo and S enzymes essential for neuronal activity. The current review provides an updated discussion of the plausible mechanisms combining Cu, S, and Mo alterations in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Cunha Coelho
- Laboratório de Fitotecnia (LFIT), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro—UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-22-998509469
| | - Giselle Cerchiaro
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Av. dos Estados, 5001, Bl. B, Santo André 09210-170, Brazil;
| | - Sheila Espírito Santo Araújo
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual (LBCT), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro—UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, Brazil; (S.E.S.A.); (A.G.G.)
| | - João Paulo Lima Daher
- Departamento de Patologia, Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24210-350, Brazil;
| | - Silvia Almeida Cardoso
- Departamento de Medicina e Enfermagem (DEM), Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36579-900, Brazil;
| | - Gustavo Fialho Coelho
- Instituto de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macaé 27930-560, Brazil;
| | - Arthur Giraldi Guimarães
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual (LBCT), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro—UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, Brazil; (S.E.S.A.); (A.G.G.)
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10
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Liu F, Zhang Z, Zhang L, Meng RN, Gao J, Jin M, Li M, Wang XP. Effect of metal ions on Alzheimer's disease. Brain Behav 2022; 12:e2527. [PMID: 35212185 PMCID: PMC8933773 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative disease of the nervous system. The typical pathological changes of AD are Aβ deposition, neurofibrillary tangles, neuron loss, and chronic inflammation. The balance of metal ions is essential for numerous physiological functions, especially in the central nervous system. More studies showed that metal ions participate in the development of AD. However, the involvement of metal ions in AD is controversial. Thus, we reviewed articles about the relationship between metal ions and AD and discussed some contradictory reports in order to better understand the role of metal ions in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ruo-Ni Meng
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jia Gao
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ming Jin
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Wang
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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11
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Ho T, Ahmadi S, Kerman K. Do glutathione and copper interact to modify Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis? Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 181:180-196. [PMID: 35092854 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder first described in 1906 that is currently estimated to impact ∼40 million people worldwide. Extensive research activities have led to a wealth of information on the pathogenesis, hallmarks, and risk factors of AD; however, therapeutic options remain extremely limited. The large number of pathogenic factors that have been reported to potentially contribute to AD include copper dyshomeostasis as well as increased oxidative stress, which is related to alterations to molecular antioxidants like glutathione (GSH). While the individual roles of GSH and copper in AD have been studied by many research groups, their interactions have received relatively little attention, although they appear to interact and affect each other's regulation. Existing knowledge on how GSH-copper interactions may affect AD is sparse and lacks focus. This review first highlights the most relevant individual roles that GSH and copper play in physiology and AD, and then collects and assesses research concerning their interactions, in an effort to provide a more accessible and understandable picture of the role of GSH, copper, and their interactions in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talia Ho
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Soha Ahmadi
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Kagan Kerman
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada.
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12
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Feng L, Li J, Zhang R. Current research status of blood biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease: Diagnosis and prognosis. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 72:101492. [PMID: 34673262 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), which mainly occurs in the elderly, is a neurodegenerative disease with a hidden onset, which leads to progressive cognitive and behavioral changes. The annually increasing prevalence rate and number of patients with AD exert great pressure on the society. No effective disease-modifying drug treatments are available; thus, there is no cure yet. The disease progression can only be delayed through early detection and drug assistance. Therefore, the importance of exploring associated biomarkers for the early diagnosis and prediction of the disease progress is highlighted. The National Institute on Aging- Alzheimer's Association (NIA-AA) proposed A/T/N diagnostic criteria in 2018, including Aβ42, p-tau, t-tau in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and positron emission tomography (PET). However, the invasiveness of lumbar puncture for CSF assessment and non-popularity of PET have prompted researchers to look for minimally invasive, easy to collect, and cost-effective biomarkers. Therefore, studies have largely focused on some novel molecules in the peripheral blood. This is an emerging research field, facing many obstacles and challenges while achieving some promising results.
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13
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Chen CH, Chou YT, Yang YW, Lo KY. High-dose copper activates p53-independent apoptosis through the induction of nucleolar stress in human cell lines. Apoptosis 2021; 26:612-627. [PMID: 34708319 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-021-01692-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Copper is an essential micronutrient involved in many redox reactions in human cells. However, a high concentration of copper, intake from the environment or abnormal accumulation within cells because of genetic mutation, leads to cell toxicity. This is attributable to oxidative damage, altered gene expression, and functional impairment of the mitochondria. Copper stress also alters the morphology of the nucleolus, but the process has not been fully elucidated. In this study, cells were treated with copper sulfate at 3-9 ppm and examined if a high dose of copper would block ribosome biogenesis. With the incorrect distribution of nucleolar proteins nucleophosmin and fibrillarin to the nucleoplasm, ribosomal RNA (rRNA) processing was impaired; 34S rRNA from an abnormal A2 cut increased, and downstream pre-rRNAs decreased. The under-accumulation of 60S subunits was detected using sucrose gradients. From transcriptome analysis, ribosome synthesis-related genes were misregulated. Blockage in ribosome synthesis under copper-treatment induced nucleolar stress and triggered p53-independent apoptosis pathways. Thus, nucleolar stress is one cause of cell death under copper exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Hsin Chen
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, 1 Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Chou
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, 1 Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Yang
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Yin Lo
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, 1 Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
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14
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Lu Q, Zhang Y, Zhao C, Zhang H, Pu Y, Yin L. Copper induces oxidative stress and apoptosis of hippocampal neuron via pCREB/BDNF/ and Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1 pathway. J Appl Toxicol 2021; 42:694-705. [PMID: 34676557 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Disordered copper metabolism has been suggested to occur to several neurological conditions, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. However, the underlying mechanism was still unclear. This might link to copper-induced hippocampal neuronal apoptosis and decrease in neurons viability. Our vitro experiment showed copper exposure induced oxidative stress and promoted apoptosis of HT22 murine hippocampal neuronal cell. Mechanistically, we found copper, on the one hand, prevented phosphorylation of cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) to decrease expression its downstream target protein Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and to decrease mitochondrial membrane potential and Bcl-2/Bax ratio; on the other hand, copper-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), promoted lipid peroxidation, reduced antioxidant enzyme activity of GSH-Px. Copper-induced oxidative damage further decreased the phosphorylation of CREB, decreased expression of Bcl-2, enhanced expression of Bax, and accelerated the dissociation of keap1-Nrf2 complex, promoted the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, stimulate the expression of antioxidant molecules HO-1 and NQO1. In conclusion, we found copper inhibited pCREB/BDNF signaling pathway by prevent CREB from phosphorylation, further found that oxidative damage not only inhibited neuroprotective signaling pathways and induced apoptosis, but activated antioxidant protection signals Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuepu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lihong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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15
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Squitti R, Ventriglia M, Granzotto A, Sensi SL, Rongioletti MCA. Non-Ceruloplasmin Copper as a Stratification Biomarker of Alzheimer's Disease Patients: How to Measure and Use It. Curr Alzheimer Res 2021; 18:533-545. [PMID: 34674622 DOI: 10.2174/1567205018666211022085755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a type of dementia very common in the elderly. A growing body of recent evidence has linked AD pathogenesis to copper (Cu) dysmetabolism in the body. In fact, a subset of patients affected either by AD or by its prodromal form known as Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) have been observed to be unable to maintain a proper balance of Cu metabolism and distribution and are characterized by the presence in their serum of increased levels of Cu not bound to ceruloplasmin (non-ceruloplasmin Cu). Since serum non-ceruloplasmin Cu is a biomark- er of Wilson's disease (WD), a well-known condition of Cu-driven toxicosis, in this review, we pro- pose that in close analogy with WD, the assessment of non-ceruloplasmin Cu levels can be exploit- ed as a cost-effective stratification and susceptibility/risk biomarker for the identification of some AD/MCI individuals. The approach can also be used as an eligibility criterion for clinical trials aim- ing at investigating Cu-related interventions against AD/MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Squitti
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia. Italy
| | - Mariacarla Ventriglia
- Fatebenefratelli Foundation for Health Research and Education, AFaR Division, San Giovanni Calibita Fatebene-fratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, Rome. Italy
| | - Alberto Granzotto
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti. Italy
| | - Stefano L Sensi
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti. Italy
| | - Mauro Ciro Antonio Rongioletti
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Research and Development Division, San Giovanni Calibita Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, Rome. Italy
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16
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Amadoro G, Latina V, Balzamino BO, Squitti R, Varano M, Calissano P, Micera A. Nerve Growth Factor-Based Therapy in Alzheimer's Disease and Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:735928. [PMID: 34566573 PMCID: PMC8459906 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.735928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an age-associated neurodegenerative disease which is the most common cause of dementia among the elderly. Imbalance in nerve growth factor (NGF) signaling, metabolism, and/or defect in NGF transport to the basal forebrain cholinergic neurons occurs in patients affected with AD. According to the cholinergic hypothesis, an early and progressive synaptic and neuronal loss in a vulnerable population of basal forebrain involved in memory and learning processes leads to degeneration of cortical and hippocampal projections followed by cognitive impairment with accumulation of misfolded/aggregated Aβ and tau protein. The neuroprotective and regenerative effects of NGF on cholinergic neurons have been largely demonstrated, both in animal models of AD and in living patients. However, the development of this neurotrophin as a disease-modifying therapy in humans is challenged by both delivery limitations (inability to cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB), poor pharmacokinetic profile) and unwanted side effects (pain and weight loss). Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a retinal disease which represents the major cause of blindness in developed countries and shares several clinical and pathological features with AD, including alterations in NGF transduction pathways. Interestingly, nerve fiber layer thinning, degeneration of retinal ganglion cells and changes of vascular parameters, aggregation of Aβ and tau protein, and apoptosis also occur in the retina of both AD and AMD. A protective effect of ocular administration of NGF on both photoreceptor and retinal ganglion cell degeneration has been recently described. Besides, the current knowledge about the detection of essential trace metals associated with AD and AMD and their changes depending on the severity of diseases, either systemic or locally detected, further pave the way for a promising diagnostic approach. This review is aimed at describing the employment of NGF as a common therapeutic approach to AMD and AD and the diagnostic power of detection of essential trace metals associated with both diseases. The multiple approaches employed to allow a sustained release/targeting of NGF to the brain and its neurosensorial ocular extensions will be also discussed, highlighting innovative technologies and future translational prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Amadoro
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT)-CNR, Rome, Italy.,European Brain Research Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Rosanna Squitti
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Monica Varano
- Research Laboratories in Ophthalmology, IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Micera
- Research Laboratories in Ophthalmology, IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, Rome, Italy
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17
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Copper, Iron, Selenium and Lipo-Glycemic Dysmetabolism in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179461. [PMID: 34502369 PMCID: PMC8431716 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present review is to discuss traditional hypotheses on the etiopathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), as well as the role of metabolic-syndrome-related mechanisms in AD development with a special focus on advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and their role in metal-induced neurodegeneration in AD. Persistent hyperglycemia along with oxidative stress results in increased protein glycation and formation of AGEs. The latter were shown to possess a wide spectrum of neurotoxic effects including increased Aβ generation and aggregation. In addition, AGE binding to receptor for AGE (RAGE) induces a variety of pathways contributing to neuroinflammation. The existing data also demonstrate that AGE toxicity seems to mediate the involvement of copper (Cu) and potentially other metals in AD pathogenesis. Specifically, Cu promotes AGE formation, AGE-Aβ cross-linking and up-regulation of RAGE expression. Moreover, Aβ glycation was shown to increase prooxidant effects of Cu through Fenton chemistry. Given the role of AGE and RAGE, as well as metal toxicity in AD pathogenesis, it is proposed that metal chelation and/or incretins may slow down oxidative damage. In addition, selenium (Se) compounds seem to attenuate the intracellular toxicity of the deranged tau and Aβ, as well as inhibiting AGE accumulation and metal-induced neurotoxicity.
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18
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Squitti R, Ventriglia M, Simonelli I, Bonvicini C, Costa A, Perini G, Binetti G, Benussi L, Ghidoni R, Koch G, Borroni B, Albanese A, Sensi SL, Rongioletti M. Copper Imbalance in Alzheimer's Disease: Meta-Analysis of Serum, Plasma, and Brain Specimens, and Replication Study Evaluating ATP7B Gene Variants. Biomolecules 2021; 11:960. [PMID: 34209820 PMCID: PMC8301962 DOI: 10.3390/biom11070960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence indicates that patients with Alzheimer's dementia (AD) show signs of copper (Cu) dyshomeostasis. This study aimed at evaluating the potential of Cu dysregulation as an AD susceptibility factor. We performed a meta-analysis of 56 studies investigating Cu biomarkers in brain specimens (pooled total of 182 AD and 166 healthy controls, HC) and in serum/plasma (pooled total of 2929 AD and 3547 HC). We also completed a replication study of serum Cu biomarkers in 97 AD patients and 70 HC screened for rs732774 and rs1061472 ATP7B, the gene encoding for the Cu transporter ATPase7B. Our meta-analysis showed decreased Cu in AD brain specimens, increased Cu and nonbound ceruloplasmin (Non-Cp) Cu in serum/plasma samples, and unchanged ceruloplasmin. Serum/plasma Cu excess was associated with a three to fourfold increase in the risk of having AD. Our replication study confirmed meta-analysis results and showed that carriers of the ATP7B AG haplotype were significantly more frequent in the AD group. Overall, our study shows that AD patients fail to maintain a Cu metabolic balance and reveals the presence of a percentage of AD patients carrying ATP7B AG haplotype and presenting Non-Cp Cu excess, which suggest that a subset of AD subjects is prone to Cu imbalance. This AD subtype can be the target of precision medicine-based strategies tackling Cu dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Squitti
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (C.B.); (L.B.); (R.G.)
| | - Mariacarla Ventriglia
- Fatebenefratelli Foundation for Health Research and Education, AFaR Division, San Giovanni Calibita Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, 00186 Rome, Italy; (M.V.); (I.S.)
| | - Ilaria Simonelli
- Fatebenefratelli Foundation for Health Research and Education, AFaR Division, San Giovanni Calibita Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, 00186 Rome, Italy; (M.V.); (I.S.)
| | - Cristian Bonvicini
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (C.B.); (L.B.); (R.G.)
| | - Alfredo Costa
- Unit of Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.C.); (G.P.)
- Department of Brain and Behavior, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giulia Perini
- Unit of Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.C.); (G.P.)
- Department of Brain and Behavior, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuliano Binetti
- MAC Memory Clinic and Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Luisa Benussi
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (C.B.); (L.B.); (R.G.)
| | - Roberta Ghidoni
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy; (C.B.); (L.B.); (R.G.)
| | - Giacomo Koch
- Section of Human Physiology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
- Department of Clinical and Behavioural Neurology, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Borroni
- Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Alberto Albanese
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS, Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy;
| | - Stefano L. Sensi
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Institute for Mind Impairments and Neurological Disorders—iMIND, University of California—Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Molecular Neurology Units, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University G. D’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Mauro Rongioletti
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Research and Development Division, San Giovanni Calibita Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, 00186 Rome, Italy;
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19
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Galaup C, Picard C, Couderc F, Gilard V, Collin F. Luminescent lanthanide complexes for reactive oxygen species biosensing and possible application in Alzheimer's diseases. FEBS J 2021; 289:2516-2539. [PMID: 33811448 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Histopathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are intracellular neurofibrillary tangles and extracellular formation of senile plaques composed of the aggregated amyloid-beta peptide along with metal ions (copper, iron or zinc). In addition, oxidative stress is considered as an important factor in the etiology of AD and a multitude of metalloproteins and transporters is affected, leading to metal ion misregulation. Redox-active metal ions (e.g., copper) can catalyze the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the presence of molecular oxygen and a reductant such as ascorbate. The ROS thus produced, in particular the hydroxyl radical which is the most reactive one, may contribute to oxidative stress conditions. Thus, detecting ROS in vivo or in biological models of AD is of interest for better understanding AD etiology. The use of biocompatible and highly specific and sensitive probes is needed for such a purpose, since ROS are transient species whose steady-state concentrations are very low. Luminescent lanthanide complexes are sensitive probes that can meet these criteria. The present review focuses on the recent advances in the use of luminescent lanthanide complexes for ROS biosensing. It shows why the use of luminescent lanthanide complexes is of particular interest for selectively detecting ROS ( O 2 · - , HO• , 1 O2 , H2 O2 , etc.) in biological samples in the µM-nM range. It particularly focuses on the most recent strategies and discusses what could be expected with the use of luminescent lanthanide complexes for better understanding some of the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Galaup
- Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique (SPCMIB), Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III/CNRS (UMR5068), France
| | - Claude Picard
- Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique (SPCMIB), Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III/CNRS (UMR5068), France
| | - François Couderc
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS UMR 5623, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, France
| | - Véronique Gilard
- Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique (SPCMIB), Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III/CNRS (UMR5068), France
| | - Fabrice Collin
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS UMR 5623, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, France
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20
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Lim SL, Rodriguez-Ortiz CJ, Hsu HW, Wu J, Zumkehr J, Kilian J, Vidal J, Ayata P, Kitazawa M. Chronic copper exposure directs microglia towards degenerative expression signatures in wild-type and J20 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 62:126578. [PMID: 32599538 PMCID: PMC7655674 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Copper (Cu) is an essential metal mediating a variety of vital biological reactions with its redox property. Its dyshomeostasis has been associated with accelerated cognitive decline and neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, underlying neurotoxic mechanisms elicited by dysregulated Cu remain largely elusive. We and others previously demonstrated that exposure to Cu in drinking water significantly exacerbated pathological hallmarks of AD and pro-inflammatory activation of microglia, coupled with impaired phagocytic capacity, in mouse models of AD. METHODS In the present study, we extended our investigation to evaluate whether chronic Cu exposure to wild-type (WT) and J20 mouse model of AD perturbs homeostatic dynamics of microglia and contributes to accelerated transformation of microglia towards degenerative phenotypes that are closely associated with neurodegeneration. We further looked for evidence of alterations in the microglial morphology and spatial memory of the Cu-exposed mice to assess the extent of the Cu toxicity. RESULTS We find that chronic Cu exposure to pre-pathological J20 mice upregulates the translation of degenerative genes and represses homeostatic genes within microglia even in the absence amyloid-beta plaques. We also observe similar expression signatures in Cu-exposed WT mice, suggesting that excess Cu exposure alone could lead to perturbed microglial homeostatic phenotypes and contribute to accelerated cognitive decline. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the risk of chronic Cu exposure on cognitive decline and altered microglia activation towards degenerative phenotypes. These changes may represent one of the key mechanisms linking Cu exposure or its dyshomeostasis to an increased risk for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siok Lam Lim
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Carlos J Rodriguez-Ortiz
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Heng-Wei Hsu
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Joannee Zumkehr
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jason Kilian
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Janielle Vidal
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Pinar Ayata
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, USA
| | - Masashi Kitazawa
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
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21
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Shams M, Martola J, Charidimou A, Granberg T, Ferreira D, Westman E, Wintermark M, Iv M, Larvie M, Kristoffersen Wiberg M, Kaijser M, Forsgard N, Zetterberg H, Wahlund LO, Shams S. Cerebrospinal Fluid Metals and the Association with Cerebral Small Vessel Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 78:1229-1236. [PMID: 33104030 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain metal homeostasis is essential for brain health, and deregulation can result in oxidative stress on the brain parenchyma. OBJECTIVE Our objective in this study was to focus on two hemorrhagic MRI manifestations of small vessel disease [cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) and cortical superficial siderosis (cSS)] and associations with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) iron levels. In addition, we aimed to analyze CSF biomarkers for dementia and associations with CSF metal levels. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study of 196 patients who underwent memory clinic investigation, including brain MRI. CSF was collected and analyzed for metals, amyloid-β (Aβ) 42, total tau (T-tau), and phosphorylated tau (P-tau), and CSF/serum albumin ratios. Statistical analyses were performed using generalized linear models. RESULTS No significant difference was found between CSF metal levels across diagnostic groups. Higher iron and copper levels were associated with higher CSF levels of Aβ42, T-tau, P-tau, and CSF/serum albumin ratios (p < 0.05). Zinc was associated with higher CSF/serum albumin ratios. There was no significant association between CMBs or cSS and CSF iron levels. An increase in CSF iron with the number of CMBs was seen in APOEɛ4 carriers. CONCLUSION CSF iron levels are elevated with cerebral microbleeds in APOEɛ4 carriers, with no other association seen with hemorrhagic markers of small vessel disease. The association of elevated CSF iron and copper with tau could represent findings of increased neurodegeneration in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mana Shams
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Department of Radiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Juha Martola
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Department of Radiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andreas Charidimou
- Hemorrhagic Stroke Research Program, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital Stroke Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tobias Granberg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Department of Radiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Ferreira
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eric Westman
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Max Wintermark
- Department of Neuroradiology, Stanford Health Care, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael Iv
- Department of Neuroradiology, Stanford Health Care, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mykol Larvie
- Department of Radiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Maria Kristoffersen Wiberg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Department of Radiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus Kaijser
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Department of Radiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niklas Forsgard
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden.,Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Department of Neurodgeneration, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Lars-Olof Wahlund
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Shams
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Department of Radiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neuroradiology, Stanford Health Care, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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22
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Ejaz HW, Wang W, Lang M. Copper Toxicity Links to Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease and Therapeutics Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7660. [PMID: 33081348 PMCID: PMC7589751 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible, age-related progressive neurological disorder, and the most common type of dementia in aged people. Neuropathological lesions of AD are neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), and senile plaques comprise the accumulated amyloid-beta (Aβ), loaded with metal ions including Cu, Fe, or Zn. Some reports have identified metal dyshomeostasis as a neurotoxic factor of AD, among which Cu ions seem to be a central cationic metal in the formation of plaque and soluble oligomers, and have an essential role in the AD pathology. Cu-Aβ complex catalyzes the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and results in oxidative damage. Several studies have indicated that oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of AD. The connection of copper levels in AD is still ambiguous, as some researches indicate a Cu deficiency, while others show its higher content in AD, and therefore there is a need to increase and decrease its levels in animal models, respectively, to study which one is the cause. For more than twenty years, many in vitro studies have been devoted to identifying metals' roles in Aβ accumulation, oxidative damage, and neurotoxicity. Towards the end, a short review of the modern therapeutic approach in chelation therapy, with the main focus on Cu ions, is discussed. Despite the lack of strong proofs of clinical advantage so far, the conjecture that using a therapeutic metal chelator is an effective strategy for AD remains popular. However, some recent reports of genetic-regulating copper transporters in AD models have shed light on treating this refractory disease. This review aims to succinctly present a better understanding of Cu ions' current status in several AD features, and some conflicting reports are present herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafza Wajeeha Ejaz
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19, Beijing 100049, China;
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth WA6027, Australia;
| | - Minglin Lang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19, Beijing 100049, China;
- College of Life Science, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, China
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23
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Li Z, Wang G, Zhong S, Liao X, Lai S, Shan Y, Chen J, Zhang L, Lu Q, Shen S, Huang H, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Jia Y. Alleviation of cognitive deficits and high copper levels by an NMDA receptor antagonist in a rat depression model. Compr Psychiatry 2020; 102:152200. [PMID: 32892027 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2020.152200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is frequently associated with cognitive deficits and high copper levels. Dysfunction of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors has been postulated to underlie MDD pathogenesis. This study sought to investigate the curative effect of the NMDA receptor antagonist memantine on cognitive deficits in depression and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats received corticosterone (CORT) (20 mg/kg) bi-weekly via subcutaneous injection and/or copper gluconate (7 mg/kg) via daily intragastric administration. After 3 weeks, sucrose preference tests and open field tests showed anhedonia and high anxiety in both the CORT and CORT+Cu groups. Memantine intervention (20 mg/kg daily via intragastric administration for 14 days) led to recovery of anhedonia and anxiety behaviors. Memantine also remarkably suppressed serum copper ion levels. Moreover, memantine treatment effectively rescued depression-related spatial memory deficits as shown by the Morris water maze task. RESULTS Compared to the pre-memantine treatment results, the results of behavioral tests and cognitive function after memantine treatment were significantly normalized, and the copper concentration was decreased in all groups. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our findings suggest that the NMDA receptor antagonist memantine may improve symptoms of anhedonia and anxiety and the cognitive deficits associated with depression, likely be related to suppress serum copper ion levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhinan Li
- Psychiatry Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Psychiatry Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guodong Wang
- Department of Transplantation Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuming Zhong
- Psychiatry Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Liao
- Psychiatry Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shunkai Lai
- Psychiatry Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | - Lu Zhang
- Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | | | - Yiliang Zhang
- Psychiatry Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yanbin Jia
- Psychiatry Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
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24
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Zinc Therapy in Early Alzheimer's Disease: Safety and Potential Therapeutic Efficacy. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10081164. [PMID: 32784855 PMCID: PMC7466035 DOI: 10.3390/biom10081164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc therapy is normally utilized for treatment of Wilson disease (WD), an inherited condition that is characterized by increased levels of non-ceruloplasmin bound ('free') copper in serum and urine. A subset of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) or its prodromal form, known as Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), fail to maintain a normal copper metabolic balance and exhibit higher than normal values of non-ceruloplasmin copper. Zinc's action mechanism involves the induction of intestinal cell metallothionein, which blocks copper absorption from the intestinal tract, thus restoring physiological levels of non-ceruloplasmin copper in the body. On this basis, it is employed in WD. Zinc therapy has shown potential beneficial effects in preliminary AD clinical trials, even though the studies have missed their primary endpoints, since they have study design and other important weaknesses. Nevertheless, in the studied AD patients, zinc effectively decreased non-ceruloplasmin copper levels and showed potential for improved cognitive performances with no major side effects. This review discusses zinc therapy safety and the potential therapeutic effects that might be expected on a subset of individuals showing both cognitive complaints and signs of copper imbalance.
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25
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Odai T, Terauchi M, Suzuki R, Kato K, Hirose A, Miyasaka N. Severity of subjective forgetfulness is associated with high dietary intake of copper in Japanese senior women: A cross-sectional study. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:4422-4431. [PMID: 32884722 PMCID: PMC7455963 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the relationship between subjective forgetfulness and the dietary intake of various nutrients in middle-aged and senior women. A cross-sectional study of the first-visit records of 245 Japanese women aged 40 or over was performed. The severity of subjective forgetfulness was classified according to the Menopausal Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire: none and mild ("unforgetful") or moderate and severe ("forgetful"). Dietary consumption of nutrients was estimated using the brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire. The associations between the severity of subjective forgetfulness and intake of 43 major nutrients were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analysis separately performed for two age groups: middle-aged (40-54 years, N = 166) and senior (55 years or over, N = 79). No nutrients were found to be significantly associated with subjective forgetfulness in the middle-aged group. In senior women, a significant positive relationship between the intake of copper and forgetfulness was found (adjusted odds ratio per 10 mg/kJ increase in copper intake: 1.25; 95% confidence interval: 1.08-1.50). Thus, high copper intake is positively associated with the severity of forgetfulness in Japanese senior women. Reducing copper consumption could help improve this symptom in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamami Odai
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityBunkyoTokyoJapan
| | - Masakazu Terauchi
- Department of Women’s HealthTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityBunkyoTokyoJapan
| | - Risa Suzuki
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityBunkyoTokyoJapan
| | - Kiyoko Kato
- Department of Women’s HealthTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityBunkyoTokyoJapan
| | - Asuka Hirose
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityBunkyoTokyoJapan
- Department of Women’s HealthTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityBunkyoTokyoJapan
| | - Naoyuki Miyasaka
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityBunkyoTokyoJapan
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26
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Hsu HW, Rodriguez-Ortiz CJ, Lim SL, Zumkehr J, Kilian JG, Vidal J, Kitazawa M. Copper-Induced Upregulation of MicroRNAs Directs the Suppression of Endothelial LRP1 in Alzheimer's Disease Model. Toxicol Sci 2020; 170:144-156. [PMID: 30923833 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to copper and its dyshomeostasis have been linked to accelerated cognitive decline and potentially increasing risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). We and others have previously demonstrated that exposure to copper through drinking water significantly increased parenchymal amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and decreased endothelial low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) in mouse models of AD. In this study, we determined the underlying mechanisms that microRNA critically mediated the copper-induced loss of endothelial LRP1. In human primary microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs), microRNA-200b-3p, -200c-3p, and -205-5p were significantly elevated within the 24-h exposure to copper and returned to baseline after 48-h postexposure, which corresponded with the temporal change of LRP1 expression in these cells. Transient expression of synthetic microRNA-200b-3p, -200c-3p, or -205-5p on MVECs significantly decreased endothelial LRP1, and cotreatment of synthetic antagomirs effectively prevented the loss of LRP1 during copper exposure, collectively supporting the key regulatory role of these microRNAs in copper-induced loss of LRP1. In mice, a significant reduction of LRP1 in cortical vasculature was evident following 9 months exposure to 1.3 ppm copper in drinking water, although the levels of cortical microRNA-205-5p, -200b-3p, and -200c-3p were only marginally elevated. This, however, correlated with increased vascular accumulation of Aβ and impairment of spatial memory, indicating that copper exposure has the pivotal role in the vascular damage and development of cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Wei Hsu
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (COEH), Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California 92617-1830
| | - Carlos J Rodriguez-Ortiz
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (COEH), Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California 92617-1830
| | - Siok Lam Lim
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (COEH), Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California 92617-1830
| | - Joannee Zumkehr
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (COEH), Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California 92617-1830
| | - Jason G Kilian
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (COEH), Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California 92617-1830
| | - Janielle Vidal
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (COEH), Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California 92617-1830
| | - Masashi Kitazawa
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (COEH), Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California 92617-1830
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27
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Coelho FC, Squitti R, Ventriglia M, Cerchiaro G, Daher JP, Rocha JG, Rongioletti MCA, Moonen AC. Agricultural Use of Copper and Its Link to Alzheimer's Disease. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E897. [PMID: 32545484 PMCID: PMC7356523 DOI: 10.3390/biom10060897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper is an essential nutrient for plants, animals, and humans because it is an indispensable component of several essential proteins and either lack or excess are harmful to human health. Recent studies revealed that the breakdown of the regulation of copper homeostasis could be associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia. Copper accumulation occurs in human aging and is thought to increase the risk of AD for individuals with a susceptibility to copper exposure. This review reports that one of the leading causes of copper accumulation in the environment and the human food chain is its use in agriculture as a plant protection product against numerous diseases, especially in organic production. In the past two decades, some countries and the EU have invested in research to reduce the reliance on copper. However, no single alternative able to replace copper has been identified. We suggest that agroecological approaches are urgently needed to design crop protection strategies based on the complementary actions of the wide variety of crop protection tools for disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio C. Coelho
- Phytotechnics Laboratory, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro—UENF; Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ 28013-602, Brazil;
| | - Rosanna Squitti
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Instituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefrate lli, 25125 Brescia, Italy
| | - Mariacarla Ventriglia
- Fatebenefratelli Foundation for Health Research and Education, AFaR Division, 00186 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giselle Cerchiaro
- Center for Natural Science and Humanities, Federal University of ABC—UFABC, Santo André, SP 09210-580, Brazil;
| | - João P. Daher
- Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ 24210-350, Brazil;
| | - Jaídson G. Rocha
- Phytotechnics Laboratory, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro—UENF; Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ 28013-602, Brazil;
| | - Mauro C. A. Rongioletti
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Research and Development Division, San Giovanni Calibita Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, 00186 Rome, Italy;
| | - Anna-Camilla Moonen
- Land Lab, Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy;
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28
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Diouf I, Bush AI, Ayton S. Cerebrospinal fluid ceruloplasmin levels predict cognitive decline and brain atrophy in people with underlying β-amyloid pathology. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 139:104810. [PMID: 32087292 PMCID: PMC7150625 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.104810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The mechanisms leading to neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD) may involve oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Ceruloplasmin (Cp) is a circulating protein that intersects both these pathways, since its expression is increased during the acute phase response, and the protein acts to lower pro-oxidant iron in cells. Since the role of Cp in AD, and its potential for use as a biomarker is not established, we investigated CSF Cp and its association with longitudinal outcome measures related to AD. METHODS This was an observational study of 268 people from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging (ADNI) cohort. Subjects were classified clinically as having AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or were cognitively normal (CN), and were also classified as being positive for β-amyloid using established thresholds in the CSF t-tau/Aβ42 ratio. Subjects underwent cognitive tests and MRI studies every 6 months for 2 years, then yearly thereafter for up to 6 years. RESULTS At baseline, CSF Cp was not associated with clinical or pathological diagnosis, but we found an unexpected association between CSF Cp and levels of CSF apolipoprotein E. In longitudinal analysis, high level of CSF Cp was associated with accelerated cognitive decline (as assessed by ADAS-Cog, CDR-SB, and MMSE) and ventricular volume enlargement in people classified as MCI and who had underlying β-amyloid pathology. CONCLUSION These results raise new questions into the role of Cp in neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and APOE pathways involved in AD, and reveal the potential for this protein to be used as a biomarker in disease prognostication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahima Diouf
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, The Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; CSIRO Health and Biosecurity/Australian E-Health Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ashley I Bush
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, The Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Scott Ayton
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, The Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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29
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Falcone E, Gonzalez P, Lorusso L, Sénèque O, Faller P, Raibaut L. A terbium(iii) luminescent ATCUN-based peptide sensor for selective and reversible detection of copper(ii) in biological media. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:4797-4800. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01007c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Detection of copper(ii) in biological media via time-delayed luminescence by a selective and reversible terbium(iii)-luminescent peptide sensor with pM affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Falcone
- Institut de Chimie
- UMR 7177
- CNRS
- Université de Strasbourg
- Strasbourg
| | - Paulina Gonzalez
- Institut de Chimie
- UMR 7177
- CNRS
- Université de Strasbourg
- Strasbourg
| | - Lucie Lorusso
- Institut de Chimie
- UMR 7177
- CNRS
- Université de Strasbourg
- Strasbourg
| | | | - Peter Faller
- Institut de Chimie
- UMR 7177
- CNRS
- Université de Strasbourg
- Strasbourg
| | - Laurent Raibaut
- Institut de Chimie
- UMR 7177
- CNRS
- Université de Strasbourg
- Strasbourg
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30
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Mravunac M, Szymlek-Gay EA, Daly RM, Roberts BR, Formica M, Gianoudis J, O'Connell SL, Nowson CA, Cardoso BR. Greater Circulating Copper Concentrations and Copper/Zinc Ratios are Associated with Lower Psychological Distress, But Not Cognitive Performance, in a Sample of Australian Older Adults. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11102503. [PMID: 31627408 PMCID: PMC6836146 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dyshomeostasis of copper and zinc is linked to neurodegeneration. This study investigated the relationship between circulating copper and zinc and copper/zinc ratios and cognitive function, symptoms of depression and anxiety, and neurotrophic factors in older Australian adults. In this cross-sectional study (n = 139), plasma copper, serum zinc, and neurotrophic factors (brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), vascular endothelial growth factor, and insulin-like growth factor-1) were assessed. Cognition was assessed using the Cogstate battery and the Behavior Rating Inventory (BRI) of Executive Function (Adult version). Symptoms of anxiety and depression were assessed with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Copper (β = −0.024; 95% CI = −0.044, −0.004; p = 0.019) and copper/zinc ratio (β = −1.99; 95% CI = −3.41, −0.57; p = 0.006) were associated with lower depressive symptoms, but not cognition. Plasma copper had a modest positive association with BDNF (β = −0.004; 95% CI = 0.000, 0.007; p = 0.021). Zinc was not associated with any of the outcomes. In conclusion, greater circulating copper concentrations and higher copper/zinc ratios were associated with lower depressive symptoms (but not cognition), with copper also positively associated with BDNF concentration, in a sample of community-dwelling older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Mravunac
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
| | - Ewa A Szymlek-Gay
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
- Nutrition Society of Australia, PO Box 576, Crows Nest, NSW 1585, Australia.
| | - Robin M Daly
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
| | - Blaine R Roberts
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
| | - Melissa Formica
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
| | - Jenny Gianoudis
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
| | - Stella L O'Connell
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
| | - Caryl A Nowson
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
- Nutrition Society of Australia, PO Box 576, Crows Nest, NSW 1585, Australia.
| | - Barbara R Cardoso
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, VIC 3128, Australia.
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31
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Kepp KP, Squitti R. Copper imbalance in Alzheimer’s disease: Convergence of the chemistry and the clinic. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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32
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Silbert LC, Lahna D, Promjunyakul NO, Boespflug E, Ohya Y, Higashiuesato Y, Nishihira J, Katsumata Y, Tokashiki T, Dodge HH. Risk Factors Associated with Cortical Thickness and White Matter Hyperintensities in Dementia Free Okinawan Elderly. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 63:365-372. [PMID: 29578488 PMCID: PMC5900560 DOI: 10.3233/jad-171153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Cortical gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) deterioration are signals of neurodegeneration and increased dementia risk; however, their specific etiologies in dementia-free aging is unclear. Objective: The objective of this study was to examine potentially modifiable risk factors of GM and WM degeneration in a well-characterized cohort of dementia-free elderly. Methods: 96 Okinawan elderly participants (age 83.6) from the Keys to Optimal Cognitive Aging Project (KOCOA) underwent MRI and cognitive evaluation. Serum markers of inflammation (interleukin-6 (IL-6), high sensitivity C-reactive protein), cerebrovascular disease (systolic blood pressure (SBP) 140+, hemoglobin A1C (HgbA1C), total cholesterol), and essential minerals (copper (Cu), magnesium, and calcium) were examined in relation to mean cortical thickness (MCT) and white matter hyperintensities (WMH), adjusting for age and gender. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analyses identified relationships between regional GM density and the above markers. Results: Decreased MCT was associated with SBP 140 + (p = 0.029) and increased serum IL-6 (p = 0.036), HgbA1C (p = 0.002), and Cu (p = 0.025). In VBM analyses, increased IL-6, HgbA1C, and Cu were associated with decreased GM density in temporal lobe regions. HgbA1C (p = 0.004) was associated with greater WMH volume. Conclusions: Peripheral markers of Cu, CVD risk, and inflammation are associated with MRI-markers of decreased brain health in dementia-free Okinawan elderly, with regional cortical thinning in areas involved in early accumulation of Alzheimer’s disease pathology. Results identify potentially modifiable biomarkers as targets in the prevention of dementia in older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa C Silbert
- Department of Neurology, NIA-Layton Aging and Alzheimer's Disease Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Portland Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA
| | - David Lahna
- Department of Neurology, NIA-Layton Aging and Alzheimer's Disease Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Nutta-On Promjunyakul
- Department of Neurology, NIA-Layton Aging and Alzheimer's Disease Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Erin Boespflug
- Department of Neurology, NIA-Layton Aging and Alzheimer's Disease Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Yusuke Ohya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nephrology and Neurology, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | | | - Junko Nishihira
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nephrology and Neurology, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Yuriko Katsumata
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Takashi Tokashiki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nephrology and Neurology, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Hiroko H Dodge
- Department of Neurology, NIA-Layton Aging and Alzheimer's Disease Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Department of Neurology, Michigan Alzheimer's Disease Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Wang J, Chen Y, Zhang C, Xiang Z, Ding J, Han X. Learning and memory deficits and alzheimer's disease-like changes in mice after chronic exposure to microcystin-LR. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 373:504-518. [PMID: 30947040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.03.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that toxins produced by toxic cyanobacterial blooms are hazardous materials. Although microcystin-LR (MC-LR) has been revealed to inflict damage to the brain, the mechanisms underlying its neurotoxicity as a result of chronic exposure to MC-LR are not fully described. In this study, the mice were exposed to MC-LR dissolved in drinking water at doses of 1, 7.5, 15, or 30 μg/L for 180 days. MC-LR accumulated mostly in the mouse hippocampus (55 ng/g dry weight) followed by cortex (28 ng/g dry weight) after exposure to MC-LR at 30 μg/L. MC-LR exposure at this concentration induced dysfunction of learning and memory, accompanied with apoptosis of neuronal cells (with 10% reduction of the neurons in the CA1 region and 15% in the CA2 region), reduction of spine density, accumulation of β-amyloid plaques 1-42 (Aβ1-42), and enhanced phosphorylation of tau (p-tau) in the brain, which is characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD). These data indicate that MC-LR may induce AD-like pathology. Following prolonged exposure, MC-LR significantly upregulated the ratio of proBDNF to BDNF by downregulating the tPA levels, thereby activating downstream signaling pathways to improve the expression of p-JNK, and c-Jun while to inhibit the expression of p-Creb and p-PKC. This study uncovered new molecular mechanisms that account for neurotoxicity after chronic exposure to MC-LR, which has wide-ranging implications for public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yabing Chen
- Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Changliang Zhang
- Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Zou Xiang
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jie Ding
- Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Xiaodong Han
- Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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An urgent need to assess safe levels of inorganic copper in nutritional supplements/parenteral nutrition for subset of Alzheimer’s disease patients. Neurotoxicology 2019; 73:168-174. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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35
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Ghidoni R, Squitti R, Siotto M, Benussi L. Innovative Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease: Focus on the Hidden Disease Biomarkers. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 62:1507-1518. [PMID: 29504534 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The criteria for the clinical diagnosis of AD include the analysis of biomarkers of the underlying brain disease pathology; a set of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tests, amyloid-β1-42 (Aβ42), total-tau (t-tau), and phosphorylated tau (p-tau), are available and their performance in a clinical setting has been assessed in several studies. Thus, in dementia research, great advances have been made in the discovery of putative biomarkers; however, disappointingly, few of them have been translated into clinically applicable assays. To find biomarkers able to reliably detect AD pathology already at prodromal stages and in blood is even more important. Recent technical breakthroughs have provided ultrasensitive methods that allow the detection of brain-specific proteins in blood. In the present review, we will focus on the usefulness of ultrasensitive technologies for biomarker discovery and trace elements detection; moreover, we will review studies on circulating nano-compartments, a promising novel source of material for molecular diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Ghidoni
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Rosanna Squitti
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Luisa Benussi
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
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36
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Yu Y, Xu Q, He S, Xiong H, Zhang Q, Xu W, Ricotta V, Bai L, Zhang Q, Yu Z, Ding J, Xiao H, Zhou D. Recent advances in delivery of photosensitive metal-based drugs. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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37
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Hsu HW, Bondy SC, Kitazawa M. Environmental and Dietary Exposure to Copper and Its Cellular Mechanisms Linking to Alzheimer's Disease. Toxicol Sci 2019; 163:338-345. [PMID: 29409005 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Metals are commonly found in the environment, household, and workplaces in various forms, and a significant segment of the population is routinely exposed to the trace amount of metals from variety of sources. Exposure to metals, such as aluminum, lead, iron, and copper, from environment has long been debated as a potential environmental risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) for decades, yet results from in vitro, in vivo, and human population remain controversial. In the case of copper, the neurotoxic mechanism of action was classically viewed as its strong affinity to amyloid-beta (Aβ) to help its aggregation and increase oxidative stress via Fenton reaction. Thus, it has been thought that accumulation of copper mediates neurotoxicity, and removing it from the brain prevents or reverse Aβ plaque burden. Recent evidence, however, suggests dyshomeostasis of copper and its valency in the body, instead of the accumulation and interaction with Aβ, are major determinants of its beneficial effects as an essential metal or its neurotoxic counterpart. This notion is also supported by the fact that genetic loss-of-function mutations on copper transporters lead to severe neurological symptoms. Along with its altered distribution, recent studies have also proposed novel mechanisms of copper neurotoxicity mediated by nonneuronal cell lineages in the brain, such as capillary endothelial cells, leading to development of AD neuropathology. This review covers recent findings of multifactorial toxic mechanisms of copper and discusses the risk of environmental exposure as a potential factor in accounting for the variability of AD incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Wei Hsu
- Department of Medicine, Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of California, Irvine, California 92617
| | - Stephen C Bondy
- Department of Medicine, Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of California, Irvine, California 92617
| | - Masashi Kitazawa
- Department of Medicine, Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of California, Irvine, California 92617
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38
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Bahreyni A, Ramezani M, Alibolandi M, Hassanzadeh P, Abnous K, Taghdisi SM. High affinity of AS1411 toward copper; its application in a sensitive aptasensor for copper detection. Anal Biochem 2019; 575:1-9. [PMID: 30926271 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2019.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AS1411 is a 26-mer G-rich DNA aptamer which has been broadly employed in the field of targeted drug delivery, due to its capability to bind to nucleolin protein on the surface of cancer cells. In this work, it has been shown for the first time that in addition to nucleolin, AS1411 aptamer could bind to copper ions (Cu2+) with high affinity and selectivity, affecting AS1411 usage in drug delivery systems as a targeting agent. In this study, besides the evaluations of the affinity of AS1411 to different ions and the impact of Cu2+ on targeted drug delivery employed AS1411 aptamer as a targeting agent, a simple and ultra-sensitive fluorescent aptasensor was fabricated for Cu2+ detection through applying AS1411, its complementary strand and magnetic beads coated with streptavidin. Gel Red (GR) was also used as a fluorescent dye. The fabricated aptasensor offered the possibility of condensing samples with different volumes. The detection limit of the sensor was 0.01 μM towards Cu2+ in serum samples. The efficacy of this sensor was further confirmed by comparing Cu2+ levels in serums of healthy people with patients suffering from Wilson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and Diabetes Mellitus using the proposed sensing platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Bahreyni
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ramezani
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mona Alibolandi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Khalil Abnous
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Seyed Mohammad Taghdisi
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Brewer GJ. Avoiding Alzheimer's disease: The important causative role of divalent copper ingestion. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2019; 244:114-119. [PMID: 30727765 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219827907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT The work described in this review is very important to scientists working on Alzheimer's disease (AD) because it reveals a cause for the explosive epidemic of this disease. It is also important to the public because it provides a method to avoid this newly revealed cause, and thereby avoid AD. The field is advanced because this review reveals new information about the mechanism of AD pathogenesis, namely copper, and specifically divalent copper, toxicity is important. New information about divalent copper toxicity in the brain affecting cognition is revealed. The field is impacted strongly because, in view of the frustrations that have occurred in treatment developed, now most AD can be prevented. This means the suffering of the patient, the prolonged and difficult care required by caregivers, and the enormous expenditures for this one disease, can now be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- George J Brewer
- University of Michigan, Department of Human Genetics, MI 48103, USA
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40
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Huat TJ, Camats-Perna J, Newcombe EA, Valmas N, Kitazawa M, Medeiros R. Metal Toxicity Links to Alzheimer's Disease and Neuroinflammation. J Mol Biol 2019; 431:1843-1868. [PMID: 30664867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
As the median age of the population increases, the number of individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the associated socio-economic burden are predicted to worsen. While aging and inherent genetic predisposition play major roles in the onset of AD, lifestyle, physical fitness, medical condition, and social environment have emerged as relevant disease modifiers. These environmental risk factors can play a key role in accelerating or decelerating disease onset and progression. Among known environmental risk factors, chronic exposure to various metals has become more common among the public as the aggressive pace of anthropogenic activities releases excess amount of metals into the environment. As a result, we are exposed not only to essential metals, such as iron, copper, zinc and manganese, but also to toxic metals including lead, aluminum, and cadmium, which perturb metal homeostasis at the cellular and organismal levels. Herein, we review how these metals affect brain physiology and immunity, as well as their roles in the accumulation of toxic AD proteinaceous species (i.e., β-amyloid and tau). We also discuss studies that validate the disruption of immune-related pathways as an important mechanism of toxicity by which metals can contribute to AD. Our goal is to increase the awareness of metals as players in the onset and progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tee Jong Huat
- Neurula Laboratory, Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Centre for Stem Cell Ageing and Regenerative Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Judith Camats-Perna
- Neurula Laboratory, Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Estella A Newcombe
- Neurula Laboratory, Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nicholas Valmas
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Masashi Kitazawa
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Rodrigo Medeiros
- Neurula Laboratory, Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
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41
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Copper in Glucose Intolerance, Cognitive Decline, and Alzheimer Disease. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2019; 33:77-85. [DOI: 10.1097/wad.0000000000000280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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42
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Sensi SL, Granzotto A, Siotto M, Squitti R. Copper and Zinc Dysregulation in Alzheimer's Disease. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2018; 39:1049-1063. [PMID: 30352697 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common forms of dementia. Despite a wealth of knowledge on the molecular mechanisms involved in AD, current treatments have mainly focused on targeting amyloid β (Aβ) production, but have failed to show significant effects and efficacy. Therefore, a critical reconsideration of the multifactorial nature of the disease is needed. AD is a complex multifactorial disorder in which, along with Aβ and tau, the convergence of polygenic, epigenetic, environmental, vascular, and metabolic factors increases the global susceptibility to the disease and shapes its course. One of the cofactors converging on AD is the dysregulation of brain metals. In this review, we focus on the role of AD-related neurodegeneration and cognitive decline triggered by the imbalance of two endogenous metals: copper and zinc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano L Sensi
- Center of Excellence on Aging and Translational Medicine, CeSI-MeT, Chieti, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti-Pescara, Italy; Departments of Neurology and Pharmacology, Institute for Mind Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, USA.
| | - Alberto Granzotto
- Center of Excellence on Aging and Translational Medicine, CeSI-MeT, Chieti, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | | | - Rosanna Squitti
- IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.
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Siotto M, Squitti R. Copper imbalance in Alzheimer’s disease: Overview of the exchangeable copper component in plasma and the intriguing role albumin plays. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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44
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Wang Z, Zhang YH, Guo C, Gao HL, Zhong ML, Huang TT, Liu NN, Guo RF, Lan T, Zhang W, Wang ZY, Zhao P. Tetrathiomolybdate Treatment Leads to the Suppression of Inflammatory Responses through the TRAF6/NFκB Pathway in LPS-Stimulated BV-2 Microglia. Front Aging Neurosci 2018. [PMID: 29535623 PMCID: PMC5835334 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the positive relationship between copper and Alzheimer's disease (AD) was reported by a lot of epidemiological data, the mechanism is not completely known. Copper is a redox metal and serves as a mediator of inflammation. Because the homeostasis of copper is altered in Aβ precursor protein (APP) and presenilin 1 (PS1) transgenic (Tg) mice, the using of copper chelators is a potential therapeutic strategy for AD. Here we report that a copper chelator, tetrathiomolybdate (TM), is a potential therapeutic drug of AD. We investigated whether TM treatment led to a decrease of pro-inflammatory cytokines in vivo and in vitro, and found that TM treatment reduced the expression of iNOS and TNF-α in APP/PS1 Tg mice through up-regulating superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) activity. In vitro, once stimulated, microglia secretes a variety of proinflammatory cytokines, so we utilized LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells as the inflammatory cell model to detect the anti-inflammatory effects of TM. Our results indicated that TM-pretreatment suppressed the ubiquitination of TRAF6 and the activation of NFκB without affecting the expression of TLR4 and Myd88 in vitro. By detecting the activity of SOD1 and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), we found that the anti-inflammatory effects of TM could be attributed to its ability to reduce the amount of intracellular bioavailable copper, and the production of ROS which is an activator of the TRAF6 auto-ubiquitination. Hence, our results revealed that TM-treatment could reduce the production of inflammatory cytokines by the suppression of ROS/TRAF6/AKT/NFκB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ya-Hong Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chuang Guo
- Department of Neurobiology, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hui-Ling Gao
- Department of Neurobiology, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Man-Li Zhong
- Department of Neurobiology, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ting-Ting Huang
- Department of Neurobiology, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Na-Na Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Rui-Fang Guo
- Department of Neurobiology, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tian Lan
- Department of Neurobiology, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhan-You Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Pu Zhao
- Department of Neurobiology, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
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Lower levels of serum copper in patients with Alzheimer's dementia: A controlled study from India. Asian J Psychiatr 2018; 32:73-74. [PMID: 29220779 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2017.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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46
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Rozzini L, Lanfranchi F, Pilotto A, Catalani S, Gilberti ME, Paganelli M, Apostoli P, Padovani A. Serum Non-Ceruloplasmin Non-Albumin Copper Elevation in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia due to Alzheimer’s Disease: A Case Control Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 61:907-912. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-170552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Rozzini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Neurology Unit, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesco Lanfranchi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Neurology Unit, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Pilotto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Neurology Unit, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Parkinson’s Disease Rehabilitation Centre, FERB ONLUS S.Isidoro Hospital, Trescore Balneario (BG), Italy
| | - Simona Catalani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, Section of Public Health and Human Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Maria Enrica Gilberti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, Section of Public Health and Human Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Matteo Paganelli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, Section of Public Health and Human Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Pietro Apostoli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, Section of Public Health and Human Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Padovani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Neurology Unit, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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47
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Squitti R, Ghidoni R, Simonelli I, Ivanova ID, Colabufo NA, Zuin M, Benussi L, Binetti G, Cassetta E, Rongioletti M, Siotto M. Copper dyshomeostasis in Wilson disease and Alzheimer's disease as shown by serum and urine copper indicators. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2018; 45:181-188. [PMID: 29173477 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal handling of copper is the cause of Wilson disease (WD), a rare disorder typified by increased levels in plasma copper not-bound to ceruloplasmin (nCp-Cu, also known as 'free' copper). In Alzheimer's disease (AD), meta-analyses show that copper decreases in brain but increases in serum, due to the nCp Cu component increase. Despite the similarities, a direct comparison of copper biological status in the two diseases has never been carried out. To fill this gap, we evaluated serum copper, ceruloplasmin, nCp-Cu and Cu:Cp in 385 CE and 336 healthy controls previously investigated that were compared with 9 newly diagnosed WD patients. We then assessed 24h copper urinary excretion in 24 WD patients under D-penicillamine (D-pen) treatment and in 35 healthy controls, and compared results with those of AD patients participating to a D-pen phase II clinical trial previously published. After adjusting for sex and age, serum nCp-Cu and Cu:Cp resulted higher in AD and in WD than in healthy controls (both p<0.001). While nCp-Cu was similar between AD and WD, Cu:Cp was higher in WD (p<0.016). 24h urinary copper excretion in AD patients (12.05μg/day) was higher than in healthy controls (4.82μg/day; p<0.001). 77.8% of the AD patients under D-pen treatment had a 24h urinary excretion higher than 200μg/day, suggestive of a failure of copper control. This study provides new insight into the pathophysiology of copper homeostasis in AD, showing a failure of copper control and the Cu:Cp ratio as an eligible marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Squitti
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio-Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Roberta Ghidoni
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio-Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Ilaria Simonelli
- Fatebenefratelli Foundation, AFaR Division, Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, Rome, Italy
| | - Irena D Ivanova
- Clinical Laboratory Department, St. Ivan Rilski University Hospital, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Nicola Antonio Colabufo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "A. Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Massimo Zuin
- Unit San Paolo School of Medicine Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Luisa Benussi
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio-Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giuliano Binetti
- MAC Memory Center, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Emanuele Cassetta
- Fatebenefratelli Foundation, AFaR Division, Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Rongioletti
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Research and Development Division, 'San Giovanni Calibita', Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, Rome, Italy
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48
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Balsano C, Porcu C, Sideri S. Is copper a new target to counteract the progression of chronic diseases? Metallomics 2018; 10:1712-1722. [DOI: 10.1039/c8mt00219c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we highlight the importance of a Cu imbalance in the pathogenesis of several chronic inflammatory diseases.
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49
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Cicero CE, Mostile G, Vasta R, Rapisarda V, Signorelli SS, Ferrante M, Zappia M, Nicoletti A. Metals and neurodegenerative diseases. A systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 159:82-94. [PMID: 28777965 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative processes encompass a large variety of diseases with different pathological patterns and clinical presentation such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer Disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Genetic mutations have a known causative role, but the majority of cases are likely to be probably caused by a complex gene-environment interaction. Exposure to metals has been hypothesized to increase oxidative stress in brain cells leading to cell death and neurodegeneration. Neurotoxicity of metals has been demonstrated by several in vitro and in vivo experimental studies and it is likely that each metal could be toxic through specific pathways. The possible pathogenic role of different metals has been supported by some epidemiological evidences coming from occupational and ecological studies. In order to assess the possible association between metals and neurodegenerative disorders, several case-control studies have also been carried out evaluating the metals concentration in different biological specimens such as blood/serum/plasma, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), nail and hair, often reporting conflicting results. This review provides an overview of our current knowledge on the possible association between metals and ALS, AD and PD as main neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calogero Edoardo Cicero
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Mostile
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosario Vasta
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Venerando Rapisarda
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Margherita Ferrante
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Mario Zappia
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandra Nicoletti
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
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50
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Siotto M, Aprile I, Simonelli I, Pazzaglia C, Ventriglia M, Santoro M, Imbimbo I, Squitti R, Padua L. An exploratory study of BDNF and oxidative stress marker alterations in subacute and chronic stroke patients affected by neuropathic pain. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2017; 124:1557-1566. [PMID: 29086097 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-017-1805-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Patients affected by stroke, particularly subacute stroke patients, often complain of neuropathic pain (NP), which may severely impair their quality of life. The aim of this exploratory study was to characterize NP and to investigate whether there is a correlation between NP and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and serum markers of oxidative stress. We enrolled 50 patients divided in subacute (< 90 days from stroke onset) and chronic (> 90 and 180 < days from stroke onset). The Barthel Index, Deambulation Index, and Short Form 36 were used to assess the patients' degree of disability and quality of life. Pain-specific tools, namely the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), Neuropathic Pain Diagnostic questionnaire (DN4), and Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory (NPSI), were also used. Serum levels of BDNF and markers of oxidative stress and of metal status were evaluated: copper, iron, transferrin, ferritin, ceruloplasmin concentration (iCp) and activity (eCp), Total Antioxidant status (TAS), Cp/Tf ratio, eCp/iCp ratio, and non-ceruloplasmin bound copper (Non-Cp Cu). We found the highest value of BDNF in subacute with NP (DN4 score ≥ 4). The TAS, Cp/Tf ratio, and eCp/iCp not only fell outside the normal reference range in a high percentage of subacute and chronic patients, but were also found to be related to specific NP symptoms. These preliminary results reveal altered BDNF and oxidative stress indices in subacute stroke patients who complain of NP. These investigative findings may shed more light on the mechanisms underlying NP and consequently lead to a more tailored therapeutic and/or rehabilitation procedure of subacute stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irene Aprile
- Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS Foundation, P.le Morandi 6, 20121, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Simonelli
- AFaR Division, Service of Medical Statistics and Information Technology, Fatebenefratelli Foundation for Health Research and Education, Lungotevere de' Cenci, 5, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Mariacarla Ventriglia
- AFaR Division, Fatebenefratelli Foundation for Health Research and Education, Isola Tiberina, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Santoro
- Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS Foundation, P.le Morandi 6, 20121, Milan, Italy
| | - Isabella Imbimbo
- Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS Foundation, P.le Morandi 6, 20121, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosanna Squitti
- Molecular Marker Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio-Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luca Padua
- Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS Foundation, P.le Morandi 6, 20121, Milan, Italy.,Department of Geriatrics, Neurosciences and Orthopaedics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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