1
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Impact of Di- and Poly-Radical Characters on the Relative
Energy of the Doubly Excited and La States of Linear Acenes and Cyclacenes. CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry5010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Linear and cyclic acenes are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons that can be viewed as building blocks of graphene nanoribbons and carbon nanotubes, respectively. While short linear acenes demonstrated remarkable efficiency in several optoelectronic applications, the longer members are unstable and difficult to synthesize as their cyclic counterparts. Recent progress in on-surface synthesis, a powerful tool to prepare highly reactive species, opens promising perspectives and motivates the computational investigations of these potentially functional molecules. Owing to their di- and poly-radical character, low-lying excited states dominated by doubly excited configurations are expected to become more important for longer members of both linear and cyclic molecules. In this work, we investigate the lowest-lying La and the doubly excited (DE) state of linear acenes and cyclacenes, with different computational approaches, to assess the influence of the di-/poly-radical characters (increasing with the molecular dimensions) on their relative order. We show that DFT/MRCI calculations correctly reproduce the crossing of the two states for longer linear acenes, while TDUDFT calculations fail to predict the correct excitation energy trend of the DE state. The study suggests a similarity in the excited electronic state pattern of long linear and cyclic acenes leading ultimately to a lowest lying dark DE state for both.
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2
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Wang W, Hanindita F, Tanaka Y, Ochiai K, Sato H, Li Y, Yasuda T, Ito S. π-Extended Pyrrole-Fused Heteropine: Synthesis, Properties, and Application in Organic Field-Effect Transistors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218176. [PMID: 36575129 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Sulfur-embedded polycyclic aromatic compounds have been used as building blocks for numerous organic semiconductors over the past few decades. While the success is based on thiophene-containing compounds, aromatic compounds that contain thiepine, a sulfur-containing seven-membered-ring arene, has been less well investigated. Here we report the synthesis and properties of π-extended pyrrole-fused heteropine compounds such as thiepine and oxepine. A π-extended pyrrole-fused thiepine exhibited a "pitched π-stacking" structure in the crystal, and exhibited a high charge carrier mobility of up to 1.0 cm2 V-1 s-1 in single-crystal field-effect transistors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifan Wang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Fiona Hanindita
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Yusei Tanaka
- Institute for Advanced Study, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kotaro Ochiai
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Hiroyasu Sato
- Rigaku Corporation, 3-9-12 Matsubara-Cho, Akishima, Tokyo, 196-8666, Japan
| | - Yongxin Li
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Takuma Yasuda
- Institute for Advanced Study, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shingo Ito
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
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3
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Hayashi H, Chan YS, Sato S, Kasahara S, Matsuo K, Aratani N, Yamada H. Polyazaacene and Cyclazaacene Precursors Synthesized by Dehydration Condensation from a Versatile Bis‐α‐diketone Unit Having an Anthracene Skeleton. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hironobu Hayashi
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology Graduate School of Materials Science 8916-5 Takayama-cho 630-0192 Ikoma JAPAN
| | - Yee Seng Chan
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology: Nara Sentan Kagaku Gijutsu Daigakuin Daigaku Division of Materials Science JAPAN
| | - Shizuka Sato
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology: Nara Sentan Kagaku Gijutsu Daigakuin Daigaku Division of Materials Science JAPAN
| | - Shoma Kasahara
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology: Nara Sentan Kagaku Gijutsu Daigakuin Daigaku Division of Materials Science JAPAN
| | - Kyohei Matsuo
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology: Nara Sentan Kagaku Gijutsu Daigakuin Daigaku Division of Materials Science JAPAN
| | - Naoki Aratani
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology: Nara Sentan Kagaku Gijutsu Daigakuin Daigaku Division of Materials Science JAPAN
| | - Hiroko Yamada
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology: Nara Sentan Kagaku Gijutsu Daigakuin Daigaku Division of Materials Science JAPAN
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4
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Biswas K, Urgel JI, Ajayakumar MR, Ma J, Sánchez-Grande A, Edalatmanesh S, Lauwaet K, Mutombo P, Gallego JM, Miranda R, Jelínek P, Feng X, Écija D. Synthesis and Characterization of peri-Heptacene on a Metallic Surface. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202114983. [PMID: 35170842 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202114983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of long n-peri-acenes (n-PAs) is challenging as a result of their inherent open-shell radical character, which arises from the presence of parallel zigzag edges beyond a certain n value. They are considered as π-electron model systems to study magnetism in graphene nanostructures; being potential candidates in the fabrication of optoelectronic and spintronic devices. Here, we report the on-surface formation of the largest pristine member of the n-PA family, i.e. peri-heptacene (n=7, 7-PA), obtained on an Au(111) substrate under ultra-high vacuum conditions. Our high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy investigations, complemented by theoretical simulations, provide insight into the chemical structure of this previously elusive compound. In addition, scanning tunneling spectroscopy reveals the antiferromagnetic open-shell singlet ground state of 7-PA, exhibiting singlet-triplet spin-flip inelastic excitations with an effective exchange coupling (Jeff ) of 49 meV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyan Biswas
- IMDEA Nanoscience, C/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - José I Urgel
- IMDEA Nanoscience, C/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - M R Ajayakumar
- Center for Advancing Electronics and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technical University of Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ji Ma
- Center for Advancing Electronics and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technical University of Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ana Sánchez-Grande
- IMDEA Nanoscience, C/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Shayan Edalatmanesh
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Science, 16253, Praha, Czech Republic.,Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University Olomouc, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Koen Lauwaet
- IMDEA Nanoscience, C/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pingo Mutombo
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Science, 16253, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - José M Gallego
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Miranda
- IMDEA Nanoscience, C/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pavel Jelínek
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Science, 16253, Praha, Czech Republic.,Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University Olomouc, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technical University of Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - David Écija
- IMDEA Nanoscience, C/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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5
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Biswas K, Urgel JI, Ajayakumar MR, Ma J, Sánchez‐Grande A, Edalatmanesh S, Lauwaet K, Mutombo P, Gallego JM, Miranda R, Jelínek P, Feng X, Écija D. Synthesis and Characterization of
peri
‐Heptacene on a Metallic Surface. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202114983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kalyan Biswas
- IMDEA Nanoscience C/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - José I. Urgel
- IMDEA Nanoscience C/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - M. R. Ajayakumar
- Center for Advancing Electronics and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technical University of Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Ji Ma
- Center for Advancing Electronics and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technical University of Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Ana Sánchez‐Grande
- IMDEA Nanoscience C/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Shayan Edalatmanesh
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Science 16253 Praha Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Palacký University Olomouc 771 46 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Koen Lauwaet
- IMDEA Nanoscience C/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Pingo Mutombo
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Science 16253 Praha Czech Republic
| | - José M. Gallego
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid CSIC 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Rodolfo Miranda
- IMDEA Nanoscience C/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Pavel Jelínek
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Science 16253 Praha Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Palacký University Olomouc 771 46 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technical University of Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - David Écija
- IMDEA Nanoscience C/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
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6
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Ji P, Dettmann D, Liu YH, Berti G, Preetha Genesh N, Cui D, MacLean O, Perepichka DF, Chi L, Rosei F. Tandem Desulfurization/C-C Coupling Reaction of Tetrathienylbenzenes on Cu(111): Synthesis of Pentacene and an Exotic Ladder Polymer. ACS NANO 2022; 16:6506-6514. [PMID: 35363486 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c00831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Surface-confined reactions represent a powerful approach for the precise synthesis of low-dimensional organic materials. A complete understanding of the pathways of surface reactions would enable the rational synthesis of a wide range of molecules and polymers. Here, we report different reaction pathways of tetrathienylbenzene (T1TB) and its extended congener tetrakis(dithienyl)benzene (T2TB) on Cu(111), investigated using scanning tunneling microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations. Both T1TB and T2TB undergo desulfurization when deposited on Cu(111) at room temperature. Deposition of T1TB at 453 K yields pentacene through desulfurization, hydrogen transfer, and a cascade of intramolecular cyclization. In contrast, for T2TB the intramolecular cyclization stops at anthracene and the following intermolecular C-C coupling produces a conjugated ladder polymer. We show that tandem desulfurization/C-C coupling provides a versatile approach for growing carbon-based nanostructures on metal surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghui Ji
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec J3X 1P7, Canada
| | - Dominik Dettmann
- Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec J3X 1P7, Canada
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, Roma 00133, Italy
| | - Ying-Hsuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Giulia Berti
- Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec J3X 1P7, Canada
| | - Navathej Preetha Genesh
- Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec J3X 1P7, Canada
| | - Daling Cui
- Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec J3X 1P7, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Oliver MacLean
- Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec J3X 1P7, Canada
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, P.R. China
| | - Dmytro F Perepichka
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Lifeng Chi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Federico Rosei
- Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec J3X 1P7, Canada
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7
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Iwata T, Kawano R, Fukami T, Shindo M. Retro‐Friedel‐Crafts‐Type Acidic Ring‐Opening of Triptycenes: A New Synthetic Approach to Acenes. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202104160. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Iwata
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering Kyushu University 6-1 Kasuga-koen Kasuga 816-8580 Japan
| | - Ryusei Kawano
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences Kyushu University 6-1 Kasuga-koen Kasuga 816-8580 Japan
| | - Takuto Fukami
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences Kyushu University 6-1 Kasuga-koen Kasuga 816-8580 Japan
| | - Mitsuru Shindo
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering Kyushu University 6-1 Kasuga-koen Kasuga 816-8580 Japan
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8
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Eimre K, Urgel JI, Hayashi H, Di Giovannantonio M, Ruffieux P, Sato S, Otomo S, Chan YS, Aratani N, Passerone D, Gröning O, Yamada H, Fasel R, Pignedoli CA. On-surface synthesis and characterization of nitrogen-substituted undecacenes. Nat Commun 2022; 13:511. [PMID: 35082284 PMCID: PMC8791976 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-27961-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Heteroatom substitution in acenes allows tailoring of their remarkable electronic properties, expected to include spin-polarization and magnetism for larger members of the acene family. Here, we present a strategy for the on-surface synthesis of three undecacene analogs substituted with four nitrogen atoms on an Au(111) substrate, by employing specifically designed diethano-bridged precursors. A similarly designed precursor is used to synthesize the pristine undecacene molecule. By comparing experimental features of scanning probe microscopy with ab initio simulations, we demonstrate that the ground state of the synthesized tetraazaundecacene has considerable open-shell character on Au(111). Additionally, we demonstrate that the electronegative nitrogen atoms induce a considerable shift in energy level alignment compared to the pristine undecacene, and that the introduction of hydro-aza groups causes local anti-aromaticity in the synthesized compounds. Our work provides access to the precise fabrication of nitrogen-substituted acenes and their analogs, potential building-blocks of organic electronics and spintronics, and a rich playground to explore π-electron correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristjan Eimre
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
| | - José I Urgel
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
- IMDEA Nanoscience, C/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Hironobu Hayashi
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Marco Di Giovannantonio
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia-CNR (ISM-CNR), via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133, Roma, Italy
| | - Pascal Ruffieux
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Shizuka Sato
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Satoru Otomo
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Yee Seng Chan
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Naoki Aratani
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Daniele Passerone
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Gröning
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Hiroko Yamada
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan.
| | - Roman Fasel
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Carlo A Pignedoli
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
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9
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Biswas K, Yang L, Ma J, Sánchez-Grande A, Chen Q, Lauwaet K, Gallego JM, Miranda R, Écija D, Jelínek P, Feng X, Urgel JI. Defect-Induced π-Magnetism into Non-Benzenoid Nanographenes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:224. [PMID: 35055243 PMCID: PMC8780648 DOI: 10.3390/nano12020224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of nanographenes (NGs) with open-shell ground states have recently attained increasing attention in view of their interesting physicochemical properties and great prospects in manifold applications as suitable materials within the rising field of carbon-based magnetism. A potential route to induce magnetism in NGs is the introduction of structural defects, for instance non-benzenoid rings, in their honeycomb lattice. Here, we report the on-surface synthesis of three open-shell non-benzenoid NGs (A1, A2 and A3) on the Au(111) surface. A1 and A2 contain two five- and one seven-membered rings within their benzenoid backbone, while A3 incorporates one five-membered ring. Their structures and electronic properties have been investigated by means of scanning tunneling microscopy, noncontact atomic force microscopy and scanning tunneling spectroscopy complemented with theoretical calculations. Our results provide access to open-shell NGs with a combination of non-benzenoid topologies previously precluded by conventional synthetic procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyan Biswas
- IMDEA Nanoscience, C/Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (K.B.); (A.S.-G.); (K.L.); (R.M.)
| | - Lin Yang
- Center for Advancing Electronics, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technical University of Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany; (L.Y.); (X.F.)
| | - Ji Ma
- Center for Advancing Electronics, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technical University of Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany; (L.Y.); (X.F.)
| | - Ana Sánchez-Grande
- IMDEA Nanoscience, C/Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (K.B.); (A.S.-G.); (K.L.); (R.M.)
| | - Qifan Chen
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Science, CZ-16253 Praha, Czech Republic;
| | - Koen Lauwaet
- IMDEA Nanoscience, C/Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (K.B.); (A.S.-G.); (K.L.); (R.M.)
| | - José M. Gallego
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Rodolfo Miranda
- IMDEA Nanoscience, C/Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (K.B.); (A.S.-G.); (K.L.); (R.M.)
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Écija
- IMDEA Nanoscience, C/Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (K.B.); (A.S.-G.); (K.L.); (R.M.)
| | - Pavel Jelínek
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Science, CZ-16253 Praha, Czech Republic;
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University Olomouc, CZ-77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technical University of Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany; (L.Y.); (X.F.)
| | - José I. Urgel
- IMDEA Nanoscience, C/Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (K.B.); (A.S.-G.); (K.L.); (R.M.)
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10
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Ayani CG, Pisarra M, Urgel JI, Navarro JJ, Díaz C, Hayashi H, Yamada H, Calleja F, Miranda R, Fasel R, Martín F, Vázquez de Parga AL. Efficient photogeneration of nonacene on nanostructured graphene. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2021; 6:744-750. [PMID: 34165121 DOI: 10.1039/d1nh00184a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The on-surface photogeneration of nonacene from α-bisdiketone precursors deposited on nanostructured epitaxial graphene grown on Ru(0001) has been studied by means of low temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. The presence of an unoccupied surface state, spatially localized in the regions where the precursors are adsorbed, and energetically accessible in the region of the electromagnetic spectrum where n-π* transitions take place, allows for a 100% conversion of the precursors into nonacenes. With the help of state-of-the-art theoretical calculations, we show that such a high yield is due to the effective population of the surface state by the incoming light and the ensuing electron transfer to the unoccupied states of the precursors through an inelastic scattering mechanism. Our findings are the experimental confirmation that surface states can play a prominent role in the surface photochemistry of complex molecular systems, in accordance with early theoretical predictions made on small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosme G Ayani
- Dep Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain.
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11
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Jančařík A, Mildner D, Nagata Y, Banasiewicz M, Olas J, Kozankiewicz B, Holec J, Gourdon A. Synthesis and Absorption Properties of Long Acenoacenes. Chemistry 2021; 27:12388-12394. [PMID: 34101270 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Acenes, polyaromatic hydrocarbons composed of linearly fused benzene rings have received immense attention due to their performance as semiconductors in organic optoelectronic applications. Their appealing physicochemical properties, such as extended delocalization, high charge carrier mobilities, narrow HOMO-LOMO gaps and partially radical character in the ground state make them very attractive targets for many potential applications. However, the intrinsic synthetic challenges of unsubstituted members such as high reactivity and poor solubility are still limiting factors for their wider exploitation. Herein, we report a simple general synthesis of a new family of angularly fused acenoacenes with improved stability compared to their isoelectronic linear counterparts. The synthesis and comprehensive characterization of pentacenopentacene, pentacenohexacene and hexacenohexacene, with lengths between decacene and dodecacene, are disclosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrej Jančařík
- Centre d'Elaboration de Matériaux et d'Etudes Structurales, CEMES-CNRS, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, 31055, Toulouse, France.,Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Science, IOCB CAS Flemingovo nám. 542, 160 00, Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Mildner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Science, IOCB CAS Flemingovo nám. 542, 160 00, Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Yuuya Nagata
- Japan Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Marzena Banasiewicz
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, 02-668, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Olas
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, 02-668, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Boleslaw Kozankiewicz
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, 02-668, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jan Holec
- Centre d'Elaboration de Matériaux et d'Etudes Structurales, CEMES-CNRS, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, 31055, Toulouse, France
| | - André Gourdon
- Centre d'Elaboration de Matériaux et d'Etudes Structurales, CEMES-CNRS, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, 31055, Toulouse, France
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12
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Ajayakumar MR, Ma J, Lucotti A, Schellhammer KS, Serra G, Dmitrieva E, Rosenkranz M, Komber H, Liu J, Ortmann F, Tommasini M, Feng X. Persistent peri-Heptacene: Synthesis and In Situ Characterization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:13853-13858. [PMID: 33848044 PMCID: PMC8251907 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202102757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
n‐peri‐Acenes (n‐PAs) have gained interest as model systems of zigzag‐edged graphene nanoribbons for potential applications in nanoelectronics and spintronics. However, the synthesis of n‐PAs larger than peri‐tetracene remains challenging because of their intrinsic open‐shell character and high reactivity. Presented here is the synthesis of a hitherto unknown n‐PA, that is, peri‐heptacene (7‐PA), in which the reactive zigzag edges are kinetically protected with eight 4‐tBu‐C6H4 groups. The formation of 7‐PA is validated by high‐resolution mass spectrometry and in situ FT‐Raman spectroscopy. 7‐PA displays a narrow optical energy gap of 1.01 eV and exhibits persistent stability (t1/2≈25 min) under inert conditions. Moreover, electron‐spin resonance measurements and theoretical studies reveal that 7‐PA exhibits an open‐shell feature and a significant tetraradical character. This strategy could be considered a modular approach for the construction of next‐generation (3 N+1)‐PAs (where N≥3).
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Ajayakumar
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ji Ma
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andrea Lucotti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Karl Sebastian Schellhammer
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 18, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gianluca Serra
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Evgenia Dmitrieva
- Center of Spectroelectrochemistry, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW), Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marco Rosenkranz
- Center of Spectroelectrochemistry, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW), Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hartmut Komber
- Leibniz-Institut for Polymerforschung Dresden e. V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Junzhi Liu
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, 999077, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Frank Ortmann
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 18, 01069, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748, Garching b. München, Germany
| | - Matteo Tommasini
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
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13
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Ajayakumar MR, Ma J, Lucotti A, Schellhammer KS, Serra G, Dmitrieva E, Rosenkranz M, Komber H, Liu J, Ortmann F, Tommasini M, Feng X. Persistent
peri
‐Heptacene: Synthesis and In Situ Characterization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202102757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. R. Ajayakumar
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstrasse 4 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Ji Ma
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstrasse 4 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Andrea Lucotti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta” Politecnico di Milano Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Karl Sebastian Schellhammer
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden Technische Universität Dresden Helmholtzstraße 18 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Gianluca Serra
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta” Politecnico di Milano Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Evgenia Dmitrieva
- Center of Spectroelectrochemistry Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW) Helmholtzstraße 20 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Marco Rosenkranz
- Center of Spectroelectrochemistry Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW) Helmholtzstraße 20 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Hartmut Komber
- Leibniz-Institut for Polymerforschung Dresden e. V. Hohe Straße 6 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Junzhi Liu
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstrasse 4 01062 Dresden Germany
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road 999077 Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Frank Ortmann
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden Technische Universität Dresden Helmholtzstraße 18 01069 Dresden Germany
- Department of Chemistry Technische Universität München Lichtenbergstr. 4 85748 Garching b. München Germany
| | - Matteo Tommasini
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta” Politecnico di Milano Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstrasse 4 01062 Dresden Germany
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14
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Tönshoff C, Bettinger HF. Pushing the Limits of Acene Chemistry: The Recent Surge of Large Acenes. Chemistry 2021; 27:3193-3212. [PMID: 33368683 PMCID: PMC7898397 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Acenes, consisting of linearly fused benzene rings, are an important fundamental class of organic compounds with various applications. Hexacene is the largest acene that was synthesized and isolated in the 20th century. The next largest member of the acene family, heptacene, was observed in 2007 and since then significant progress in preparing acenes has been reported. Significantly larger acenes, up to undecacene, could be studied by means of low-temperature matrix isolation spectroscopy with in situ photolytic generation, and up to dodecacene by means of on-surface synthesis employing innovative precursors and highly defined crystalline metal surfaces under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. The review summarizes recent experimental and theoretical advances in the area of acenes that give a significantly deeper insight into the fundamental properties and nature of the electronic structure of this fascinating class of organic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Tönshoff
- Institut für Organische ChemieUniversität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Holger F. Bettinger
- Institut für Organische ChemieUniversität TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
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15
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Sánchez-Grande A, Urgel JI, Veis L, Edalatmanesh S, Santos J, Lauwaet K, Mutombo P, Gallego JM, Brabec J, Beran P, Nachtigallová D, Miranda R, Martín N, Jelínek P, Écija D. Unravelling the Open-Shell Character of Peripentacene on Au(111). J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:330-336. [PMID: 33352044 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a family of organic compounds comprising two or more fused aromatic rings which feature manifold applications in modern technology. Among these species, those presenting an open-shell magnetic ground state are of particular interest for organic electronic, spintronic, and non-linear optics and energy storage devices. Within PAHs, special attention has been devoted in recent years to the synthesis and study of the acene and fused acene (periacene) families, steered by their decreasing HOMO-LUMO gap with length and predicted open-shell character above some size. However, an experimental fingerprint of such magnetic ground state has remained elusive. Here, we report on the in-depth electronic characterization of isolated peripentacene molecules on a Au(111) surface. Scanning tunnelling spectroscopy, complemented by computational investigations, reveals an antiferromagnetic singlet ground state, characterized by singlet-triplet inelastic excitations with an experimental effective exchange coupling (Jeff) of 40.5 meV. Our results deepen the fundamental understanding of organic compounds with magnetic ground states, featuring perspectives in carbon-based spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sánchez-Grande
- IMDEA Nanoscience, C/Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - José I Urgel
- IMDEA Nanoscience, C/Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Libor Veis
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Dolejškova 3, 18223 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Shayan Edalatmanesh
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Science, CZ-16253 Praha, Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University Olomouc, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - José Santos
- IMDEA Nanoscience, C/Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Koen Lauwaet
- IMDEA Nanoscience, C/Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pingo Mutombo
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Science, CZ-16253 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - José M Gallego
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jiri Brabec
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Dolejškova 3, 18223 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Beran
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Dolejškova 3, 18223 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Nachtigallová
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University Olomouc, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, 160 00 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Rodolfo Miranda
- IMDEA Nanoscience, C/Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nazario Martín
- IMDEA Nanoscience, C/Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pavel Jelínek
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Science, CZ-16253 Praha, Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University Olomouc, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - David Écija
- IMDEA Nanoscience, C/Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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16
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Berrocal J, Heideman GH, de Waal BFM, Meijer EW, Feringa BL. Combinatorial Selection Among Geometrical Isomers of Discrete Long-Carbon-Chain Naphthalenediimides Induces Local Order at the Liquid/Solid Interface. ACS NANO 2020; 14:13865-13875. [PMID: 32914965 PMCID: PMC7596778 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c06274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report two families of naphthalenediimides (NDIs) symmetrically functionalized with discrete carbon chains comprising up to 55 carbon atoms (Cn-NDI-Cn, n = 39, 44, 50, and 55) and their self-assembly at the 1-phenyloctane/highly oriented pyrolytic graphite interface (1-PO/HOPG interface). The compounds differ by the presence or absence of two or three internal double bonds in the carbon chains (unsaturated and saturated Cn-NDI-Cn, respectively). Combinatorial distributions of geometrical isomers displaying either the E- or Z-configuration at each double bond are obtained for the unsaturated compounds. Analysis of the self-assembled monolayers of equally long unsaturated and saturated Cn-NDI-Cn by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) reveal that all Cn-NDI-Cn tend to form lamellar systems featuring alternating areas of aromatic cores and carbon chains. Extended chain lengths are found to significantly increase disorder in the self-assembled monolayers due to misalignments and enhanced strength of interchain interactions. This phenomenon is antagonized by the local order-inducing effect of the internal double bonds: unsaturated Cn-NDI-Cn give qualitatively more ordered self-assembled monolayers compared to their saturated counterparts. The use of combinatorial distributions of unsaturated Cn-NDI-Cn geometrical isomers does not represent a limitation to achieve local order in the self-assembled monolayers. The self-assembly process operates a combinatorial search and selects the geometrical isomer(s) affording the most thermodynamically stable pattern, highlighting the adaptive character of the system. Finally, the antagonistic interplay between the extended carbon chain lengths and the presence of internal double bonds brings to the discovery of the lamellar "phase C" morphology for unsaturated Cn-NDI-Cn with n ≥ 50.
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Affiliation(s)
- José
Augusto Berrocal
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen 9747 AG, The
Netherlands
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and
Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University
of Technology, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - G. Henrieke Heideman
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen 9747 AG, The
Netherlands
| | - Bas F. M. de Waal
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and
Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University
of Technology, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - E. W. Meijer
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and
Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University
of Technology, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen 9747 AG, The
Netherlands
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17
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Liu J, Feng X. Maßgeschneiderte Synthese von Graphennanostrukturen mit Zickzack‐Rändern. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202008838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junzhi Liu
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), und Fakultät für Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), und Fakultät für Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Deutschland
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18
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Liu J, Feng X. Synthetic Tailoring of Graphene Nanostructures with Zigzag-Edged Topologies: Progress and Perspectives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:23386-23401. [PMID: 32720441 PMCID: PMC7756885 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Experimental and theoretical investigations have revealed that the chemical and physical properties of graphene are crucially determined by their topological structures. Therefore, the atomically precise synthesis of graphene nanostructures is essential. A particular example is graphene nanostructures with zigzag-edged structures, which exhibit unique (opto)electronic and magnetic properties owing to their spin-polarized edge state. Recent progress in the development of synthetic methods and strategies as well as characterization methods has given access to this class of unprecedented graphene nanostructures, which used to be purely molecular objectives in theoretical chemistry. Thus, clear insight into the structure-property relationships has become possible as well as new applications in organic carbon-based electronic and spintronic devices. In this Minireview, we discuss the recent progress in the controlled synthesis of zigzag-edged graphene nanostructures with different topologies through a bottom-up synthetic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzhi Liu
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.,Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
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19
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Zhao L, Kaiser RI, Lu W, Ahmed M, Evseev MM, Bashkirov EK, Azyazov VN, Tönshoff C, Reicherter F, Bettinger HF, Mebel AM. A Free-Radical Prompted Barrierless Gas-Phase Synthesis of Pentacene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:11334-11338. [PMID: 32266773 PMCID: PMC7383502 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202003402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A representative, low-temperature gas-phase reaction mechanism synthesizing polyacenes via ring annulation exemplified by the formation of pentacene (C22 H14 ) along with its benzo[a]tetracene isomer (C22 H14 ) is unraveled by probing the elementary reaction of the 2-tetracenyl radical (C18 H11 . ) with vinylacetylene (C4 H4 ). The pathway to pentacene-a prototype polyacene and a fundamental molecular building block in graphenes, fullerenes, and carbon nanotubes-is facilitated by a barrierless, vinylacetylene mediated gas-phase process thus disputing conventional hypotheses that synthesis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) solely proceeds at elevated temperatures. This low-temperature pathway can launch isomer-selective routes to aromatic structures through submerged reaction barriers, resonantly stabilized free-radical intermediates, and methodical ring annulation in deep space eventually changing our perception about the chemistry of carbon in our universe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Zhao
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI96822USA
| | - Ralf I. Kaiser
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI96822USA
| | - Wenchao Lu
- Chemical Sciences DivisionLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94720USA
| | - Musahid Ahmed
- Chemical Sciences DivisionLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94720USA
| | | | | | - Valeriy N. Azyazov
- Lebedev Physical InstituteSamara443011Russian Federation
- Samara National Research UniversitySamara443086Russian Federation
| | - Christina Tönshoff
- Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Florian Reicherter
- Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Holger F. Bettinger
- Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Alexander M. Mebel
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryFlorida International UniversityMiamiFL33199USA
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20
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21
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Levet G, Hung NK, Šámal M, Rybáček J, Cisařová I, Jancarik A, Gourdon A. Preparation of a Key Tetraene Precursor for the Synthesis of Long Acenes. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaspard Levet
- CEMES-CNRS; 29, rue Jeanne Marvig 31055 Toulouse Cedex 04 France
| | | | - Michal Šámal
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences; 166 10 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Rybáček
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences; 166 10 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Cisařová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences; 166 10 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Andrej Jancarik
- CEMES-CNRS; 29, rue Jeanne Marvig 31055 Toulouse Cedex 04 France
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences; 166 10 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - André Gourdon
- CEMES-CNRS; 29, rue Jeanne Marvig 31055 Toulouse Cedex 04 France
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22
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Grzybowski M, Sadowski B, Butenschön H, Gryko DT. Synthetic Applications of Oxidative Aromatic Coupling-From Biphenols to Nanographenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:2998-3027. [PMID: 31342599 PMCID: PMC7027897 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative aromatic coupling occupies a fundamental place in the modern chemistry of aromatic compounds. It is a method of choice for the assembly of large and bewildering architectures. Considerable effort was also devoted to applications of the Scholl reaction for the synthesis of chiral biphenols and natural products. The ability to form biaryl linkages without any prefunctionalization provides an efficient pathway to many complex structures. Although the chemistry of this process is only now becoming fully understood, this reaction continues to both fascinate and challenge researchers. This is especially true for heterocoupling, that is, oxidative aromatic coupling with the chemoselective formation of a C-C bond between two different arenes. Analysis of the progress achieved in this field since 2013 reveals that many groups have contributed by pushing the boundary of structural possibilities, expanding into surface-assisted (cyclo)dehydrogenation, and developing new reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Grzybowski
- Institute of Organic ChemistryPolish Academy of SciencesKasprzaka 44/5201-224WarsawPoland
| | - Bartłomiej Sadowski
- Institute of Organic ChemistryPolish Academy of SciencesKasprzaka 44/5201-224WarsawPoland
| | - Holger Butenschön
- Institut für Organische ChemieLeibniz Universität HannoverSchneiderberg 1B30167HannoverGermany
| | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Institute of Organic ChemistryPolish Academy of SciencesKasprzaka 44/5201-224WarsawPoland
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23
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Su J, Telychko M, Song S, Lu J. Triangulenes: From Precursor Design to On‐Surface Synthesis and Characterization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:7658-7668. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201913783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Su
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials (CA2DM) National University of Singapore 6 Science Drive 2 Singapore 117546 Singapore
| | - Mykola Telychko
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials (CA2DM) National University of Singapore 6 Science Drive 2 Singapore 117546 Singapore
| | - Shaotang Song
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Jiong Lu
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials (CA2DM) National University of Singapore 6 Science Drive 2 Singapore 117546 Singapore
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24
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Su J, Telychko M, Song S, Lu J. Triangulenes: From Precursor Design to On‐Surface Synthesis and Characterization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201913783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Su
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials (CA2DM) National University of Singapore 6 Science Drive 2 Singapore 117546 Singapore
| | - Mykola Telychko
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials (CA2DM) National University of Singapore 6 Science Drive 2 Singapore 117546 Singapore
| | - Shaotang Song
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Jiong Lu
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials (CA2DM) National University of Singapore 6 Science Drive 2 Singapore 117546 Singapore
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25
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Müller M, Maier S, Tverskoy O, Rominger F, Freudenberg J, Bunz UHF. Tetrabenzononacene: "Butterfly Wings" Stabilize the Core. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:1966-1969. [PMID: 31724294 PMCID: PMC7004125 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201909614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In combination with bulky substituents at the core, fourfold benzannulation at the cata‐positions stabilizes a nonacene sufficiently to allow its isolation and characterization by 1H NMR and X‐ray analysis. The four benzo units blueshift the absorption spectrum in comparison to a solely linear nonacene, but significantly increase the stability in the solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Müller
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Steffen Maier
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Olena Tverskoy
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,InnovationLab, Speyerer Straße 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe H F Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Centre for Advanced Materials, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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26
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Biswas K, Urgel JI, Sánchez-Grande A, Edalatmanesh S, Santos J, Cirera B, Mutombo P, Lauwaet K, Miranda R, Jelínek P, Martín N, Écija D. On-surface synthesis of doubly-linked one-dimensional pentacene ladder polymers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:15309-15312. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06865a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
On-surface investigations of pentacene molecules functionalized with four dibromomethylene groups reveal, after an annealing step, the formation of π-conjugated ladder polymers doubly-linked by ethynylene bridges on a Au(111) surface.
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27
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Müller M, Maier S, Tverskoy O, Rominger F, Freudenberg J, Bunz UHF. Tetrabenzononacene: “Butterfly Wings” Stabilize the Core. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201909614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Müller
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Steffen Maier
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Olena Tverskoy
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- InnovationLab Speyerer Straße 4 69115 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Uwe H. F. Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Centre for Advanced Materials Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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28
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Grzybowski M, Sadowski B, Butenschön H, Gryko DT. Syntheseanwendungen der oxidativen aromatischen Kupplung – von Biphenolen zu Nanographenen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201904934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marek Grzybowski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warschau Polen
| | - Bartłomiej Sadowski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warschau Polen
| | - Holger Butenschön
- Institut für Organische Chemie Leibniz Universität Hannover Schneiderberg 1B 30167 Hannover Deutschland
| | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warschau Polen
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29
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Dyan OT, Borodkin GI, Zaikin PA. The Diels-Alder Reaction for the Synthesis of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ok Ton Dyan
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry; 9 Academician Lavrentiev Ave. 630090 Novosibirsk Russian Federation
| | - Gennady I. Borodkin
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry; 9 Academician Lavrentiev Ave. 630090 Novosibirsk Russian Federation
- Novosibirsk State University; 630090 Novosibirsk Russian Federation
| | - Pavel A. Zaikin
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry; 9 Academician Lavrentiev Ave. 630090 Novosibirsk Russian Federation
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30
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Urgel JI, Di Giovannantonio M, Segawa Y, Ruffieux P, Scott LT, Pignedoli CA, Itami K, Fasel R. Negatively Curved Warped Nanographene Self-Assembled on Metal Surfaces. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:13158-13164. [PMID: 31340123 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b05501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José I. Urgel
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Marco Di Giovannantonio
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | | | - Pascal Ruffieux
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Lawrence T. Scott
- Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467-3860, United States
| | - Carlo A. Pignedoli
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | | | - Roman Fasel
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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31
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Schulz F, García F, Kaiser K, Pérez D, Guitián E, Gross L, Peña D. Exploring a Route to Cyclic Acenes by On-Surface Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:9038-9042. [PMID: 31026104 PMCID: PMC6618096 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201902784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A route to generate cyclacenes by on-surface synthesis is explored. We started by synthesizing two tetraepoxycyclacenes by sequences of Diels-Alder cycloadditions. Subsequently, these molecules were deposited onto Cu(111) and scanning-tunneling-microscopy(STM)-based atom manipulation was employed to dissociate the oxygen atoms. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) with CO-functionalized tips enabled the detailed characterization of the reaction products and revealed that, at most, two oxygens per molecule could be removed. Importantly, our experimental results suggest that the generation of cyclacenes by the described route might be possible for larger epoxycyclacenes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fátima García
- Centro de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química OrgánicaUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela15782-Santiago de CompostelaSpain
| | | | - Dolores Pérez
- Centro de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química OrgánicaUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela15782-Santiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - Enrique Guitián
- Centro de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química OrgánicaUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela15782-Santiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - Leo Gross
- IBM Research—Zurich8803RüschlikonSwitzerland
| | - Diego Peña
- Centro de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química OrgánicaUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela15782-Santiago de CompostelaSpain
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32
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Schulz F, García F, Kaiser K, Pérez D, Guitián E, Gross L, Peña D. Exploring a Route to Cyclic Acenes by On‐Surface Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201902784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fátima García
- Centro de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química OrgánicaUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela 15782- Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | | | - Dolores Pérez
- Centro de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química OrgánicaUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela 15782- Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Enrique Guitián
- Centro de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química OrgánicaUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela 15782- Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Leo Gross
- IBM Research—Zurich 8803 Rüschlikon Switzerland
| | - Diego Peña
- Centro de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química OrgánicaUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela 15782- Santiago de Compostela Spain
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33
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Sánchez‐Grande A, de la Torre B, Santos J, Cirera B, Lauwaet K, Chutora T, Edalatmanesh S, Mutombo P, Rosen J, Zbořil R, Miranda R, Björk J, Jelínek P, Martín N, Écija D. On-Surface Synthesis of Ethynylene-Bridged Anthracene Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:6559-6563. [PMID: 30761719 PMCID: PMC6563096 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201814154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Engineering low-band-gap π-conjugated polymers is a growing area in basic and applied research. The main synthetic challenge lies in the solubility of the starting materials, which precludes advancements in the field. Here, we report an on-surface synthesis protocol to overcome such difficulties and produce poly(p-anthracene ethynylene) molecular wires on Au(111). To this aim, a quinoid anthracene precursor with =CBr2 moieties is deposited and annealed to 400 K, resulting in anthracene-based polymers. High-resolution nc-AFM measurements confirm the nature of the ethynylene-bridge bond between the anthracene moieties. Theoretical simulations illustrate the mechanism of the chemical reaction, highlighting three major steps: dehalogenation, diffusion of surface-stabilized carbenes, and homocoupling, which enables the formation of an ethynylene bridge. Our results introduce a novel chemical protocol to design π-conjugated polymers based on oligoacene precursors and pave new avenues for advancing the emerging field of on-surface synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sánchez‐Grande
- IMDEA Nanociencia, C/ Faraday 9Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco28049MadridSpain
| | - Bruno de la Torre
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and MaterialsPalacký University OlomoucŠlechtitelů 2778371OlomoucCzech Republic
- Institute of PhysicsThe Czech Academy of SciencesCukrovarnická 1016200Prague 6Czech Republic
| | - José Santos
- IMDEA Nanociencia, C/ Faraday 9Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco28049MadridSpain
| | - Borja Cirera
- IMDEA Nanociencia, C/ Faraday 9Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco28049MadridSpain
| | - Koen Lauwaet
- IMDEA Nanociencia, C/ Faraday 9Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco28049MadridSpain
| | - Taras Chutora
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and MaterialsPalacký University OlomoucŠlechtitelů 2778371OlomoucCzech Republic
| | - Shayan Edalatmanesh
- Institute of PhysicsThe Czech Academy of SciencesCukrovarnická 1016200Prague 6Czech Republic
| | - Pingo Mutombo
- Institute of PhysicsThe Czech Academy of SciencesCukrovarnická 1016200Prague 6Czech Republic
| | - Johanna Rosen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, IFMLinköping University58183LinköpingSweden
| | - Radek Zbořil
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and MaterialsPalacký University OlomoucŠlechtitelů 2778371OlomoucCzech Republic
| | - Rodolfo Miranda
- IMDEA Nanociencia, C/ Faraday 9Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco28049MadridSpain
- Departamento de Física de la Materia CondensadaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid28049MadridSpain
| | - Jonas Björk
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, IFMLinköping University58183LinköpingSweden
| | - Pavel Jelínek
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and MaterialsPalacký University OlomoucŠlechtitelů 2778371OlomoucCzech Republic
- Institute of PhysicsThe Czech Academy of SciencesCukrovarnická 1016200Prague 6Czech Republic
| | - Nazario Martín
- IMDEA Nanociencia, C/ Faraday 9Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco28049MadridSpain
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaFacultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad Complutense28040MadridSpain
| | - David Écija
- IMDEA Nanociencia, C/ Faraday 9Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco28049MadridSpain
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34
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Sánchez‐Grande A, de la Torre B, Santos J, Cirera B, Lauwaet K, Chutora T, Edalatmanesh S, Mutombo P, Rosen J, Zbořil R, Miranda R, Björk J, Jelínek P, Martín N, Écija D. On‐Surface Synthesis of Ethynylene‐Bridged Anthracene Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201814154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sánchez‐Grande
- IMDEA Nanociencia, C/ Faraday 9Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Bruno de la Torre
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and MaterialsPalacký University Olomouc Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
- Institute of PhysicsThe Czech Academy of Sciences Cukrovarnická 10 16200 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - José Santos
- IMDEA Nanociencia, C/ Faraday 9Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Borja Cirera
- IMDEA Nanociencia, C/ Faraday 9Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Koen Lauwaet
- IMDEA Nanociencia, C/ Faraday 9Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Taras Chutora
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and MaterialsPalacký University Olomouc Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Shayan Edalatmanesh
- Institute of PhysicsThe Czech Academy of Sciences Cukrovarnická 10 16200 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Pingo Mutombo
- Institute of PhysicsThe Czech Academy of Sciences Cukrovarnická 10 16200 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Johanna Rosen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, IFMLinköping University 58183 Linköping Sweden
| | - Radek Zbořil
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and MaterialsPalacký University Olomouc Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Rodolfo Miranda
- IMDEA Nanociencia, C/ Faraday 9Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
- Departamento de Física de la Materia CondensadaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Jonas Björk
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, IFMLinköping University 58183 Linköping Sweden
| | - Pavel Jelínek
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and MaterialsPalacký University Olomouc Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
- Institute of PhysicsThe Czech Academy of Sciences Cukrovarnická 10 16200 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Nazario Martín
- IMDEA Nanociencia, C/ Faraday 9Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaFacultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad Complutense 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - David Écija
- IMDEA Nanociencia, C/ Faraday 9Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
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35
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Urgel JI, Mishra S, Hayashi H, Wilhelm J, Pignedoli CA, Di Giovannantonio M, Widmer R, Yamashita M, Hieda N, Ruffieux P, Yamada H, Fasel R. On-surface light-induced generation of higher acenes and elucidation of their open-shell character. Nat Commun 2019; 10:861. [PMID: 30787280 PMCID: PMC6382834 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08650-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Acenes are an important class of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons which have recently gained exceptional attention due to their potential as functional organic semiconductors. Fundamentally, they are important systems to study the convergence of physico-chemical properties of all-carbon sp2-frameworks in the one-dimensional limit; and by virtue of having a zigzag edge topology they also provide a fertile playground to explore magnetism in graphenic nanostructures. The study of larger acenes is thus imperative from both a fundamental and applied perspective, but their synthesis via traditional solution-chemistry route is hindered by their poor solubility and high reactivity. Here, we demonstrate the on-surface formation of heptacene and nonacene, via visible-light-induced photo-dissociation of α-bisdiketone precursors on an Au(111) substrate under ultra-high vacuum conditions. Through combined scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy and non-contact atomic force microscopy investigations, together with state-of-the-art first principles calculations, we provide insight into the chemical and electronic structure of these elusive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- José I Urgel
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Shantanu Mishra
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Hironobu Hayashi
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Jan Wilhelm
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Carlo A Pignedoli
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Marco Di Giovannantonio
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Roland Widmer
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Masataka Yamashita
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Nao Hieda
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Pascal Ruffieux
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Hiroko Yamada
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan.
| | - Roman Fasel
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland.
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36
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Jancarik A, Levet G, Gourdon A. A Practical General Method for the Preparation of Long Acenes. Chemistry 2019; 25:2366-2374. [PMID: 30508267 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The field of long acenes, the narrowest of the zig-zag graphene nanoribbons, has been an area of significant interest in the past decade because of its potential applications in organic electronics, spintronics and plasmonics. However the low solubility and high reactivity of these compounds has so far hindered their preparation on large scales. We report here a concise strategy for the synthesis of higher acenes through Diels-Alder condensation of arynes with a protected tetraene ketone. After deprotection by cleavage of the ketal, the obtained monoketone precursors cleanly yield the corresponding acenes through quantitative cheletropic thermal decarbonylation in the solid state, at moderate temperatures of 155 to 205 °C. This approach allows the preparation of heptacene, benzo[a]hexacene, cis- and trans-dibenzopentacene and offers a valuable new method for the synthesis of even larger acenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrej Jancarik
- CEMES-CNR, 29 Rue J. Marvig, 31055, Toulouse, France.,Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the, Czech Academy of Sciences, 16610, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Gaspard Levet
- CEMES-CNRS, 29 Rue J. Marvig, 31055, Toulouse, France
| | - André Gourdon
- CEMES-CNRS, 29 Rue J. Marvig, 31055, Toulouse, France
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37
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Yang W, Monteiro JHSK, de Bettencourt‐Dias A, Catalano VJ, Chalifoux WA. Synthesis, Structure, Photophysical Properties, and Photostability of Benzodipyrenes. Chemistry 2018; 25:1441-1445. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Yang
- Department of Chemistry University of Nevada, Reno 1664 N. Virginia St. Reno NV 89557 USA
| | | | | | - Vincent J. Catalano
- Department of Chemistry University of Nevada, Reno 1664 N. Virginia St. Reno NV 89557 USA
| | - Wesley A. Chalifoux
- Department of Chemistry University of Nevada, Reno 1664 N. Virginia St. Reno NV 89557 USA
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38
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Vilas-Varela M, Fatayer S, Majzik Z, Pérez D, Guitián E, Gross L, Peña D. [19]Dendriphene: A 19-Ring Dendritic Nanographene. Chemistry 2018; 24:17697-17700. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Vilas-Varela
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e, Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS); Departamento de Química Orgánica; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela; 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | | | - Zsolt Majzik
- IBM Research-Zurich; 8803 Rüschlikon Switzerland
| | - Dolores Pérez
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e, Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS); Departamento de Química Orgánica; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela; 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Enrique Guitián
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e, Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS); Departamento de Química Orgánica; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela; 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Leo Gross
- IBM Research-Zurich; 8803 Rüschlikon Switzerland
| | - Diego Peña
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e, Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS); Departamento de Química Orgánica; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela; 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
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39
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Klaasen H, Liu L, Meng X, Held PA, Gao HY, Barton D, Mück-Lichtenfeld C, Neugebauer J, Fuchs H, Studer A. Reaction Selectivity in On-Surface Chemistry by Surface Coverage Control-Alkyne Dimerization versus Alkyne Trimerization. Chemistry 2018; 24:15303-15308. [PMID: 30079553 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This work reports the influence of molecular coverage in on-surface C-C-bond formation on reaction outcome. 6-Ethynyl-2-naphthoic acid (ENA) was chosen as organic component and Ag(111) as substrate. The alkyne moiety in ENA can either react by dimerization to ENA dimers (Glaser coupling or hydroalkynylation) or cyclotrimerization to generate a benzene core as connecting moiety. Dimer formation is preferred at high surface coverage whereas trimerization is the major reaction pathway at low coverage. Mechanistic studies are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henning Klaasen
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Correnstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Lacheng Liu
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10, 48149, Münster (Germany) and Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech), Heisenbergstrasse 11, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Xiangzhi Meng
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10, 48149, Münster (Germany) and Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech), Heisenbergstrasse 11, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Philipp Alexander Held
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Correnstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Hong-Ying Gao
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10, 48149, Münster (Germany) and Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech), Heisenbergstrasse 11, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Dennis Barton
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Correnstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany.,Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany.,present address: Physics and Materials Science Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, 162 A, Avenue de la Faïencerie, 1511, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Christian Mück-Lichtenfeld
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Correnstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany.,Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Johannes Neugebauer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Correnstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany.,Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10, 48149, Münster (Germany) and Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech), Heisenbergstrasse 11, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Correnstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
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41
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Chen W, Li X, Long G, Li Y, Ganguly R, Zhang M, Aratani N, Yamada H, Liu M, Zhang Q. Pyrene-Containing Twistarene: Twelve Benzene Rings Fused in a Row. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:13555-13559. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201808779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wangqiao Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University Singapore; 639798 Singapore Singapore
- Temasek Laboratories @NTU; Nanyang Technological University Singapore; Research Techno Plaza, 50 Nanyang Drive 637553 Singapore Singapore
| | - Xinxiong Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University Singapore; 639798 Singapore Singapore
| | - Guankui Long
- Computational Center for Molecular Science; College of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Yongxin Li
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; School of Physical and Mathematics Science; Nanyang Technological University Singapore; 637371 Singapore Singapore
| | - Rakesh Ganguly
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; School of Physical and Mathematics Science; Nanyang Technological University Singapore; 637371 Singapore Singapore
| | - Mingtao Zhang
- Computational Center for Molecular Science; College of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Naoki Aratani
- Graduate School of Materials Science; Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST); 8916-5 Takayama-choIkoma Japan
| | - Hiroko Yamada
- Graduate School of Materials Science; Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST); 8916-5 Takayama-choIkoma Japan
| | - Ming Liu
- Temasek Laboratories @NTU; Nanyang Technological University Singapore; Research Techno Plaza, 50 Nanyang Drive 637553 Singapore Singapore
| | - Qichun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University Singapore; 639798 Singapore Singapore
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Zuzak R, Dorel R, Kolmer M, Szymonski M, Godlewski S, Echavarren AM. Higher Acenes by On‐Surface Dehydrogenation: From Heptacene to Undecacene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201802040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafal Zuzak
- Centre for Nanometer-Scale Science and Advanced Materials, NANOSAMFaculty of Physics, Astronomy, and Applied Computer ScienceJagiellonian University Łojasiewicza 11 30-348 Kraków Poland
| | - Ruth Dorel
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Marek Kolmer
- Centre for Nanometer-Scale Science and Advanced Materials, NANOSAMFaculty of Physics, Astronomy, and Applied Computer ScienceJagiellonian University Łojasiewicza 11 30-348 Kraków Poland
| | - Marek Szymonski
- Centre for Nanometer-Scale Science and Advanced Materials, NANOSAMFaculty of Physics, Astronomy, and Applied Computer ScienceJagiellonian University Łojasiewicza 11 30-348 Kraków Poland
| | - Szymon Godlewski
- Centre for Nanometer-Scale Science and Advanced Materials, NANOSAMFaculty of Physics, Astronomy, and Applied Computer ScienceJagiellonian University Łojasiewicza 11 30-348 Kraków Poland
| | - Antonio M. Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
- Departament de Química Orgànica i AnalíticaUniversitat Rovira i Virgil C/Marcel⋅lí Domingo s/n 43007 Tarragona Spain
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Shen B, Tatchen J, Sanchez‐Garcia E, Bettinger HF. Evolution of the Optical Gap in the Acene Series: Undecacene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201802197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Shen
- Institut für Organische ChemieUniversität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Jörg Tatchen
- Computational BiochemistryUniversity of Duisburg-Essen 45141 Essen Germany
| | | | - Holger F. Bettinger
- Institut für Organische ChemieUniversität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
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Zuzak R, Dorel R, Kolmer M, Szymonski M, Godlewski S, Echavarren AM. Higher Acenes by On-Surface Dehydrogenation: From Heptacene to Undecacene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:10500-10505. [PMID: 29791082 PMCID: PMC6099251 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201802040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A unified approach to the synthesis of the series of higher acenes up to previously unreported undecacene has been developed through the on-surface dehydrogenation of partially saturated precursors. These molecules could be converted into the parent acenes by both atomic manipulation with the tip of a scanning tunneling and atomic force microscope (STM/AFM) as well as by on-surface annealing. The structure of the generated acenes has been visualized by high-resolution non-contact AFM imaging and the evolution of the transport gap with the increase of the number of fused benzene rings has been determined on the basis of scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafal Zuzak
- Centre for Nanometer-Scale Science and Advanced Materials, NANOSAM, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy, and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ruth Dorel
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Marek Kolmer
- Centre for Nanometer-Scale Science and Advanced Materials, NANOSAM, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy, and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marek Szymonski
- Centre for Nanometer-Scale Science and Advanced Materials, NANOSAM, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy, and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Kraków, Poland
| | - Szymon Godlewski
- Centre for Nanometer-Scale Science and Advanced Materials, NANOSAM, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy, and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Kraków, Poland
| | - Antonio M Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Orgànica i Analítica, Universitat Rovira i Virgil, C/Marcel⋅lí Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
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Shen B, Tatchen J, Sanchez‐Garcia E, Bettinger HF. Evolution of the Optical Gap in the Acene Series: Undecacene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:10506-10509. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201802197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Shen
- Institut für Organische ChemieUniversität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Jörg Tatchen
- Computational BiochemistryUniversity of Duisburg-Essen 45141 Essen Germany
| | | | - Holger F. Bettinger
- Institut für Organische ChemieUniversität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
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46
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Berezin A, Biot N, Battisti T, Bonifazi D. Oxygen-Doped Zig-Zag Molecular Ribbons. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:8942-8946. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201803282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Berezin
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Nicolas Biot
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Tommaso Battisti
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Davide Bonifazi
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
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Berezin A, Biot N, Battisti T, Bonifazi D. Oxygen-Doped Zig-Zag Molecular Ribbons. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201803282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Berezin
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Nicolas Biot
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Tommaso Battisti
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Davide Bonifazi
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
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Li J, Shen Y, Wan J, Yu X, Zhang Q. Recent Progress in the Usage of Phenazinediamine and Its Analogues as Building Blocks to Construct Large N
-Heteroacenes. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junbo Li
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering; Wuhan Institute of Technology; 430074 Wuhan China
| | - Yuqiang Shen
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering; Wuhan Institute of Technology; 430074 Wuhan China
| | - Jiaqi Wan
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering; Wuhan Institute of Technology; 430074 Wuhan China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy; Wuhan Institute of Technology; 430074 Wuhan China
| | - Xianglin Yu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering; Wuhan Institute of Technology; 430074 Wuhan China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy; Wuhan Institute of Technology; 430074 Wuhan China
| | - Qichun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 639798 Singapore Singapore
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; School of Physical and Mathematics Science; Nanyang Technological University (Singapore); 637371 Singapore
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