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Zhang W, Guo X, Cui Z, Yuan H, Li Y, Li W, Li X, Fang J. Strategies for Improving Efficiency and Stability of Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2311025. [PMID: 38427593 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted widespread research and commercialization attention because of their high power conversion efficiency (PCE) and low fabrication cost. The long-term stability of PSCs should satisfy industrial requirements for photovoltaic devices. Inverted PSCs with a p-i-n architecture exhibit considerable advantages because of their excellent stability and competitive efficiency. The continuously broken-through PCE of inverted PSCs shows huge application potential. This review summarizes the developments and outlines the characteristics of inverted PSCs including charge transport layers (CTLs), perovskite compositions, and interfacial regulation strategies. The latest effective CTLs, interfacial modification, and stability promotion strategies especially under light, thermal, and bias conditions are emphatically analyzed. Furthermore, the applications of the inverted structure in high-efficiency and stable tandem, flexible photovoltaic devices, and modules and their main obstacles are systematically introduced. Finally, the remaining challenges faced by inverted devices are discussed, and several directions for advancing inverted PSCs are proposed according to their development status and industrialization requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiao Zhang
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Xuemin Guo
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Zhengbo Cui
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Haobo Yuan
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yunfei Li
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Wen Li
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Junfeng Fang
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
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Tong X, Xie L, Li J, Pu Z, Du S, Yang M, Gao Y, He M, Wu S, Mai Y, Ge Z. Large Orientation Angle Buried Substrate Enables Efficient Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2407032. [PMID: 39049807 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202407032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Flexible perovskite solar cells (f-PSCs) have emerged as potential candidates for specific mechanical applications owing to their high foldability, efficiency, and portability. However, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of f-PSC remains limited by the inferior contact between perovskite and flexible buried substrate. Here, an asymmetric π-extended self-assembled monolayer (SAM) (4-(9H-dibenzo[a,c]carbazol-9-yl)butyl)phosphonic acid (A-4PADCB) is reported as a buried substrate for efficient inverted f-PSCs. Employing this design strategy, A-4PADCB exhibits a significant orientation angle away from the surface normal, homogenizing the distribution of contact potentials. This enhancement improves the SAM/perovskite interface quality, controlling the growth of favorable perovskite films with low defect density and slight tensile stress. Integration of A-4PADCB into small-area f-PSCs and large-area flexible perovskite solar modules with an aperture area of 20.84 cm2 achieves impressive PCEs of up to 25.05% and 20.64% (certified 19.51%), respectively. Moreover, these optimized A-4PADCB-based f-PSCs possess enhanced light, thermal, and mechanical stability. This research paves a promising avenue toward the design of SAM-buried substrates with a large orientation angle, regulating perovskite growth, and promoting the commercialization of large-area flexible perovskite photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Tong
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lisha Xie
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Jun Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Zhenwei Pu
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Songyu Du
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Mengjin Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yanyan Gao
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Physics & Optoelectronic Engineering, and Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Thin-Film Photovoltaic Processes and Equipment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Mingzhu He
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Physics & Optoelectronic Engineering, and Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Thin-Film Photovoltaic Processes and Equipment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Shaohang Wu
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Physics & Optoelectronic Engineering, and Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Thin-Film Photovoltaic Processes and Equipment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Research and Development Department, Guangdong Mellow Energy Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yaohua Mai
- Institute of New Energy Technology, College of Physics & Optoelectronic Engineering, and Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Thin-Film Photovoltaic Processes and Equipment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Research and Development Department, Guangdong Mellow Energy Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Ziyi Ge
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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3
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Hung CM, Wu CC, Yang YH, Chen BH, Lu CH, Chu CC, Cheng CH, Yang CY, Lin YD, Cheng CH, Chen JY, Ni IC, Wu CI, Yang SD, Chen HC, Chou PT. Repairing Interfacial Defects in Self-Assembled Monolayers for High-Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells and Organic Photovoltaics through the SAM@Pseudo-Planar Monolayer Strategy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2404725. [PMID: 39078745 PMCID: PMC11423173 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202404725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
Lately, carbazole-based self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are widely employed as effective hole-selective layers (HSLs) in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Nevertheless, these SAMs tend to aggregate in solvents due to their amphiphilic nature, hindering the formation of a monolayer on the ITO substrate and impeding effective passivation of deep defects in the perovskites. In this study, a series of new SAMs including DPA-B-PY, CBZ-B-PY, POZ-B-PY, POZ-PY, POZ-T-PY, and POZ-BT-PY are synthesized, which are employed as interfacial repairers and coated atop CNph SAM to form a robust CNph SAM@pseudo-planar monolayer as HSL in efficient inverted PSCs. The CNph SAM@pseudo-planar monolayer strategy enables a well-aligned interface with perovskites, synergistically promoting perovskite crystal growth, improving charge extraction/transport, and minimizing nonradiative interfacial recombination loss. As a result, the POZ-BT-PY-modified PSC realizes an impressively enhanced solar efficiency of up to 24.45% together with a fill factor of 82.63%. Furthermore, a wide bandgap PSC achieving over 19% efficiency. Upon treatment with the CNph SAM@pseudo-planar monolayer, also demonstrates a non-fullerene organic photovoltaics (OPVs) based on the PM6:BTP-eC9 blend, which achieves an efficiency of 17.07%. Importantly, these modified PSCs and OPVs all show remarkably improved stability under various testing conditions compared to their control counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Ming Hung
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chi Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Han Chen
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsuan Lu
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Che-Chun Chu
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yun Yang
- Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung, 407802, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Ding Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsuan Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Jiann-Yeu Chen
- i-Center for Advanced Science and Technology (i-CAST), and Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture (IDCSA), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402202, Taiwan
| | - I-Chih Ni
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Chih-I Wu
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Da Yang
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Hsieh-Chih Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 242062, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Tai Chou
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
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4
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Li D, Lian Q, Du T, Ma R, Liu H, Liang Q, Han Y, Mi G, Peng O, Zhang G, Peng W, Xu B, Lu X, Liu K, Yin J, Ren Z, Li G, Cheng C. Co-adsorbed self-assembled monolayer enables high-performance perovskite and organic solar cells. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7605. [PMID: 39218952 PMCID: PMC11366757 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51760-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) have become pivotal in achieving high-performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and organic solar cells (OSCs) by significantly minimizing interfacial energy losses. In this study, we propose a co-adsorb (CA) strategy employing a novel small molecule, 2-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)isonicotinic acid (PyCA-3F), introducing at the buried interface between 2PACz and the perovskite/organic layers. This approach effectively diminishes 2PACz's aggregation, enhancing surface smoothness and increasing work function for the modified SAM layer, thereby providing a flattened buried interface with a favorable heterointerface for perovskite. The resultant improvements in crystallinity, minimized trap states, and augmented hole extraction and transfer capabilities have propelled power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) beyond 25% in PSCs with a p-i-n structure (certified at 24.68%). OSCs employing the CA strategy achieve remarkable PCEs of 19.51% based on PM1:PTQ10:m-BTP-PhC6 photoactive system. Notably, universal improvements have also been achieved for the other two popular OSC systems. After a 1000-hour maximal power point tracking, the encapsulated PSCs and OSCs retain approximately 90% and 80% of their initial PCEs, respectively. This work introduces a facile, rational, and effective method to enhance the performance of SAMs, realizing efficiency breakthroughs in both PSCs and OSCs with a favorable p-i-n device structure, along with improved operational stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), Photonic Research Institute (PRI), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, 999077, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qing Lian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tao Du
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 999077, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ruijie Ma
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), Photonic Research Institute (PRI), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, 999077, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Heng Liu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qiong Liang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), Photonic Research Institute (PRI), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, 999077, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), Photonic Research Institute (PRI), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, 999077, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guojun Mi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ouwen Peng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Guihua Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wenbo Peng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Baomin Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kuan Liu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), Photonic Research Institute (PRI), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, 999077, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 999077, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhiwei Ren
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), Photonic Research Institute (PRI), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, 999077, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), Photonic Research Institute (PRI), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, 999077, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, 518057, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Chun Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Materials for Electric Power, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
- Shenzhen Engineering Research and Development Center for Flexible Solar cells, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
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5
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Zhou H, Wang W, Duan Y, Sun R, Li Y, Xie Z, Xu D, Wu M, Wang Y, Li H, Fan Q, Peng Y, Yao Y, Liao C, Peng Q, Liu S, Liu Z. Glycol Monomethyl Ether-Substituted Carbazolyl Hole-Transporting Material for Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells with Efficiency of 25.52 . Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202403068. [PMID: 38687308 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Organic self-assembled molecules (OSAMs) based hole-transporting materials play a pivotal role in achieving highly efficient and stable inverted perovskite solar cells (IPSCs). However, the reported carbazol-based OSAMs have serious drawbacks, such as poor wettability for perovskite solution spreading due to the nonpolar surface, worse matched energy arrangement with perovskite, and limited molecular species, which greatly limit the device performance. To address above problems, a novel OSAM [4-(3,6-glycol monomethyl ether-9H-carbazol-9-yl) butyl]phosphonic acid (GM-4PACz) was synthesized as hole-transporting material by introducing glycol monomethyl ether (GM) side chains at carbazolyl unit. GM groups enhance the surface energy of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO)/SAM substrate to facilitate the nucleation and growth of up perovskite film, suppress cation defects, release the residual stress at SAM/perovskite interface, and evaluate energy level for matching with perovskite. Consequently, the GM-4PACz based IPSC achieves a champion PCE of 25.52 %, a respectable open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 1.21 V, a high stability, possessing 93.29 % and 91.75 % of their initial efficiency after aging in air for 2000 h or tracking at maximum power point for 1000 h, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Weilin Wang
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Yuwei Duan
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yong Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Zhuang Xie
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Dongfang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Meizi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Youliang Wang
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Hongxiang Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Qunping Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Yang Peng
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Yao Yao
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Chentong Liao
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Qiang Peng
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Shengzhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Zhike Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
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Truong MA, Ueberricke L, Funasaki T, Adachi Y, Hira S, Hu S, Yamada T, Sekiguchi N, Nakamura T, Murdey R, Iikubo S, Kanemitsu Y, Wakamiya A. Tetrapodal Hole-Collecting Monolayer Materials Based on Saddle-Like Cyclooctatetraene Core for Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202412939. [PMID: 39115106 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202412939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Hole-collecting monolayers have greatly advanced the development of positive-intrinsic-negative perovskite solar cells (p-i-n PSCs). To date, however, most of the anchoring groups in the reported monolayer materials are designed to bind to the transparent conductive oxide (TCO) surface, resulting in less availability for other functions such as tuning the wettability of the monolayer surface. In this work, we developed two anchorable molecules, 4PATTI-C3 and 4PATTI-C4, by employing a saddle-like indole-fused cyclooctatetraene as a π-core with four phosphonic acid anchoring groups linked through propyl or butyl chains. Both molecules form monolayers on TCO substrates. Thanks to the saddle shape of a cyclooctatetraene skeleton, two of the four phosphonic acid anchoring groups were found to point upward, resulting in hydrophilic surfaces. Compared to the devices using 4PATTI-C4 as the hole-collecting monolayer, 4PATTI-C3-based devices exhibit a faster hole-collection process, leading to higher power conversion efficiencies of up to 21.7 % and 21.4 % for a mini-cell (0.1 cm2) and a mini-module (1.62 cm2), respectively, together with good operational stability. This work represents how structural modification of multipodal molecules could substantially modulate the functions of the hole-collecting monolayers after being adsorbed onto TCO substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Anh Truong
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Lucas Ueberricke
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Funasaki
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yuta Adachi
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shota Hira
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shuaifeng Hu
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Takumi Yamada
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Naomu Sekiguchi
- Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka, 816-8580, Japan
| | - Tomoya Nakamura
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Richard Murdey
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iikubo
- Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka, 816-8580, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Kanemitsu
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Atsushi Wakamiya
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
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7
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Wang WT, Holzhey P, Zhou N, Zhang Q, Zhou S, Duijnstee EA, Rietwyk KJ, Lin JY, Mu Y, Zhang Y, Bach U, Wu CG, Yip HL, Snaith HJ, Feng SP. Water- and heat-activated dynamic passivation for perovskite photovoltaics. Nature 2024; 632:294-300. [PMID: 38914114 PMCID: PMC11306093 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07705-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Further improvements in perovskite solar cells require better control of ionic defects in the perovskite photoactive layer during the manufacturing stage and their usage1-5. Here we report a living passivation strategy using a hindered urea/thiocarbamate bond6-8 Lewis acid-base material (HUBLA), where dynamic covalent bonds with water and heat-activated characteristics can dynamically heal the perovskite to ensure device performance and stability. Upon exposure to moisture or heat, HUBLA generates new agents and further passivates defects in the perovskite. This passivation strategy achieved high-performance devices with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.1 per cent. HUBLA devices retained 94 per cent of their initial PCE for approximately 1,500 hours of ageing at 85 degrees Celsius in nitrogen and maintained 88 per cent of their initial PCE after 1,000 hours of ageing at 85 degrees Celsius and 30 per cent relative humidity in air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ting Wang
- Department of Systems Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Philippe Holzhey
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ning Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Suer Zhou
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Kevin J Rietwyk
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jeng-Yu Lin
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Yijie Mu
- Department of Systems Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Udo Bach
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chun-Guey Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for New Generation Light Driven Photovoltaic Modules, National Central University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Hin-Lap Yip
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Henry J Snaith
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Shien-Ping Feng
- Department of Systems Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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8
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Zhu H, Xu Z, Zhang Z, Lian S, Wu Y, Zhang D, Zhan H, Wang L, Han L, Qin C. Improved Hole-Selective Contact Enables Highly Efficient and Stable FAPbBr 3 Perovskite Solar Cells and Semitransparent Modules. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2406872. [PMID: 38865488 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202406872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) as the hole-selective contact have achieved remarkable success in iodine-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs), while their impact on bromine-based PSCs is limited due to the poor perovskite crystallization behavior and mismatched energy level alignment. Here, a highly efficient SAM of (2-(3,6-diiodo-9H-carbazol-9-yl)ethyl)phosphonic acid (I-2PACz) is employed to address these challenges in FAPbBr3-based PSCs. The incorporation of I atoms into I-2PACz not only releases tensile stress within FAPbBr3 perovskite, promoting oriented crystallization and minimizing defects through halogen-halogen bond, but also optimizes the energy levels alignment at hole-selective interface for enhanced hole extraction. Ultimately, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 11.14% is achieved, which stands among the highest reported value for FAPbBr3 PSCs. Furthermore, the semitransparent devices/modules exhibit impressive PCEs of 8.19% and 6.23% with average visible transmittance of 41.98% and 38.99%. Remarkably, after operating at maximum power point for 1000 h, the encapsulated device maintains 93% of its initial PCE. These results demonstrate an effective strategy for achieving high-performance bromine-based PSCs toward further applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Zigeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Zhiyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shuang Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yanjie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Dezhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Hongmei Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Lixiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Liyuan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Chuanjiang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
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9
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Han P, Zhang Y. Recent Advances in Carbazole-Based Self-Assembled Monolayer for Solution-Processed Optoelectronic Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2405630. [PMID: 38940073 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202405630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Self-assembled molecules (SAMs) have shown great potential in the application of optoelectronic devices due to their unique molecular properties. Recently, emerging phosphonic acid-based SAMs, 2-(9Hcarbazol-9-yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid (2PACz), have successfully applied in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), organic solar cells (OSCs) and perovskite light emitting diodes (PeLEDs). More importantly, impressive results based on 2PACz SAMs are reported recently in succession. Therefore, it is essential to provide an insightful summary to promote it further development. In this review, the molecule design strategies about 2PACz are first concluded. Subsequently, this work systematically reviews the recent advances of 2PACz and its derivatives for single junction PSCs, tandem PSCs, OSCs and PeLEDs. Finally, this work concludes and discusses future challenges for 2PACz and its derivatives to further develop in optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Han
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
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10
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Wang H, Wang J, He Q, Chang J, Chen S, Zhong C, Wu M, Zhao X, Chen H, Tian Q, Li M, Lai J, Yang Y, Li R, Wu B, Huang W, Qin T, Wang F. Interface Dipole Management of D-A-Type Molecules for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202404289. [PMID: 38712497 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202404289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Interfacial engineering of perovskite films has been the main strategies in improving the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this study, three new donor-acceptor (D-A)-type interfacial dipole (DAID) molecules with hole-transporting and different anchoring units are designed and employed in PSCs. The formation of interface dipoles by the DAID molecules on the perovskite film can efficiently modulate the energy level alignment, improve charge extraction, and reduce non-radiative recombination. Among the three DAID molecules, TPA-BAM with amide group exhibits the best chemical and optoelectrical properties, achieving a champion PCE of 25.29 % with the enhanced open-circuit voltage of 1.174 V and fill factor of 84.34 %, due to the reduced defect density and improved interfacial hole extraction. Meanwhile, the operational stability of the unencapsulated device has been significantly improved. Our study provides a prospect for rationalized screening of interfacial dipole materials for efficient and stable PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongze Wang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Junbo Wang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Qingyun He
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Jingxi Chang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Shaoyu Chen
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Chongyu Zhong
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Mengyang Wu
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Xiangru Zhao
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Haoyu Chen
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Qiushuang Tian
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Mubai Li
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Jingya Lai
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Yingguo Yang
- School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433>, China
| | - Renzhi Li
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Wei Huang
- School of Flexible Electronics (SoFE) & State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies (OEMT), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, 510275, China
| | - Tianshi Qin
- School of Flexible Electronics (SoFE) & State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies (OEMT), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, 510275, China
| | - Fangfang Wang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Nanjing Tech University, Jiangsu, 210009, China
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11
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Wu J, Yan P, Yang D, Guan H, Yang S, Cao X, Liao X, Ding P, Sun H, Ge Z. Bisphosphonate-Anchored Self-Assembled Molecules with Larger Dipole Moments for Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells with Excellent Stability. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2401537. [PMID: 38768481 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202401537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
In the fabrication of inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the wettability, adsorbability, and compactness of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on conductive substrates have critical impacts on the quality of the perovskite films and the defects at the buried perovskite-substrate interface, which control the efficiency and stability of the devices. Herein, three bisphosphonate-anchored indolocarbazole (IDCz)-derived SAMs, IDCz-1, IDCz-2, and IDCz-3, are designed and synthesized by modulating the position of the two nitrogen atoms of the IDCz unit to improve the molecular dipole moments and strengthen the π-π interactions. Regulating the work functions (WF) of FTO electrodes through molecular dipole moments and energy levels, the perovskite band bends upwards with a small offset for ITO/IDCz-3/perovskite, thereby promoting hole extraction and blocking electrons. As a result, the inverted PSC employing IDCz-3 as hole-collecting layer exhibits a champion PCE of 25.15%, which is a record efficiency for the multipodal SAMs-based PSCs. Moreover, the unencapsulated device with IDCz-3 can be stored for at least 1800 h with little degradation in performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wu
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Pengyu Yan
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Daobin Yang
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Haowei Guan
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Shuncheng Yang
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Xinyue Cao
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Xiaochun Liao
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Pengfei Ding
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - He Sun
- Innovation Center for Organic Electronics (INOEL), Yamagata University, Yonezawa, 992-0119, Japan
| | - Ziyi Ge
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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12
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Sun X, Fan H, Xu X, Li G, Gu X, Luo D, Shan C, Yang Q, Dong S, Miao C, Xie Z, Lu G, Wang DH, Sun PP, Kyaw AKK. A Fluorination Strategy and Low-Acidity Anchoring Group in Self-Assembled Molecules for Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400629. [PMID: 38594211 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we synthesized two donor-acceptor (D-A) type small organic molecules with self-assembly properties, namely MPA-BT-BA and MPA-2FBT-BA, both containing a low acidity anchoring group, benzoic acid. After systematically investigation, it is found that, with the fluorination, the MPA-2FBT-BA demonstrates a lower highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level, higher hole mobility, higher hydrophobicity and stronger interaction with the perovskite layer than that of MPA-BT-BA. As a result, the device based-on MPA-2FBT-BA displays a better crystallization and morphology of perovskite layer with larger grain size and less non-radiative recombination. Consequently, the device using MPA-2FBT-BA as hole transport material achieved the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.32 % and remarkable stability. After being kept in an N2 glove box for 116 days, the unsealed PSCs' device retained 93 % of its initial PCE. Even exposed to air with a relative humidity range of 30±5 % for 43 days, its PCE remained above 91 % of its initial condition. This study highlights the vital importance of the fluorination strategy combined with a low acidity anchoring group in SAMs, offering a pathway to achieve efficient and stable PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Sun
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting, Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Hua Fan
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting, Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting, Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Gongqiang Li
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, Zhejiang, 318000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Gu
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting, Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Dou Luo
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting, Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Chengwei Shan
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting, Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Yang
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting, Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Shixing Dong
- Jiangsu Sierbang Petrochemical Co. LTD., Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222248, P. R. China
| | - Chunyang Miao
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Xie
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Gang Lu
- School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Dong Hwan Wang
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Ping-Ping Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China
| | - Aung Ko Ko Kyaw
- Guangdong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting, Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
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13
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Liu H, Xin Y, Suo Z, Yang L, Zou Y, Cao X, Hu Z, Kan B, Wan X, Liu Y, Chen Y. Dipole Moments Regulation of Biphosphonic Acid Molecules for Self-assembled Monolayers Boosts the Efficiency of Organic Solar Cells Exceeding 19.7. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:14287-14296. [PMID: 38718348 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
PEDOT PSS has been widely used as a hole extraction layer (HEL) in organic solar cells (OSCs). However, their acidic nature can potentially corrode the indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode over time, leading to adverse effects on the longevity of the OSCs. Herein, we have developed a class of biphosphonic acid molecules with tunable dipole moments for self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), namely, 3-BPIC(i), 3-BPIC, and 3-BPIC-F, which exhibit an increasing dipole moment in sequence. Compared to centrosymmetric 3-BPIC(i), the axisymmetric 3-BPIC and 3-BPIC-F exhibit higher adsorption energies (Eads) with ITO, shorter interface spacing, more uniform coverage on ITO surface, and better interfacial compatibility with the active layer. Thanks to the incorporation of fluorine atoms, 3-BPIC-F exhibits a deeper highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level and a larger dipole moment compared to 3-BPIC, resulting in an enlarged work function (WF) for the ITO/3-BPIC-F substrate. These advantages of 3-BPIC-F could not only improve hole extraction within the device but also lower the interfacial impedance and reduce nonradiative recombination at the interface. As a result, the OSCs using SAM based on 3-BPIC-F obtained a record high efficiency of 19.71%, which is higher than that achieved from the cells based on 3-BPIC(i) (13.54%) and 3-BPIC (19.34%). Importantly, 3-BPIC-F-based OSCs exhibit significantly enhanced stability compared to that utilizing PEDOT:PSS as HEL. Our work offers guidance for the future design of functional molecules for SAMs to realize even higher performance in organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Liu
- The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yufei Xin
- The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhaochen Suo
- The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Microelectronic Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yu Zou
- The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiangjian Cao
- The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ziyang Hu
- Department of Microelectronic Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Bin Kan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xiangjian Wan
- The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yongsheng Liu
- The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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14
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Tingare YS, Su C, Hsu YC, Lai NW, Wang WC, Lin XC, Lai PW, Yang HY, Lew XR, Li WR. Organic-inorganic hybrid material for hole transport in inverted perovskite solar cells. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301508. [PMID: 38280139 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Hole mobility is critical to the power conversion efficiencies of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Organic small-molecule hole-transporting materials (HTMs) have attracted considerable interest in PSCs due to their structural flexibility and operational durability, but they suffer from modest hole mobility. On the other hand, inorganic HTMs with good hole mobility are inflexible in structural variation and exhibit unsatisfactory cell efficiency. In this study, a ligand BT28 and its zinc-based coordination complex BTZ30 were synthesized, characterized, and investigated as HTMs for PSC applications. The mixed-halide perovskites can be grown uniformly with large crystalline grains on both HTMs, which exhibit similar optical and electrochemical properties. However, it was discovered that the BTZ30-based solar cell exhibited an open-circuit voltage of 1.0817 V and a high short-circuit current density of 23.1392 mA cm-2 with a champion power conversion efficiency of close to 20 %. The performance difference between the two HTMs can be attributed to the difference in their hole mobilities, which is 63.31 % higher for BTZ30 than BT28. The comparison of non-metal and metal HTMs revealed the importance of considering hybrid structures to overcome some shortcomings associated with organic and inorganic HTMs and achieve high-performance PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh S Tingare
- Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials/Research and Development Center for Smart Textile Technology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 106344, Taiwan
| | - Chaochin Su
- Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials/Research and Development Center for Smart Textile Technology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 106344, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chun Hsu
- Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials/Research and Development Center for Smart Textile Technology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 106344, Taiwan
| | - Ning-Wei Lai
- Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials/Research and Development Center for Smart Textile Technology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 106344, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Zhongli, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Xiang-Ching Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Zhongli, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Penh-Wen Lai
- Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials/Research and Development Center for Smart Textile Technology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 106344, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Yu Yang
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Zhongli, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Xin-Rui Lew
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Zhongli, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ren Li
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Zhongli, 32001, Taiwan
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15
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Cheng Q, Chen W, Li Y, Li Y. Recent Progress in Dopant-Free and Green Solvent-Processable Organic Hole Transport Materials for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2307152. [PMID: 38417119 PMCID: PMC11077692 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Dopant-free hole transport layers (HTLs) are crucial in enhancing perovskite solar cells (pero-SCs). Nevertheless, conventional processing of these HTL materials involves using toxic solvents, which gives rise to substantial environmental concerns and renders them unsuitable for large-scale industrial production. Consequently, there is a pressing need to develop dopant-free HTL materials processed using green solvents to facilitate the production of high-performance pero-SCs. Recently, several strategies have been developed to simultaneously improve the solubility of these materials and regulate molecular stacking for high hole mobility. In this review, a comprehensive overview of the methodologies utilized in developing dopant-free HTL materials processed from green solvents is provided. First, the study provides a brief overview of fundamental information about green solvents and Hansen solubility parameters, which can serve as a guideline for the molecular design of optimal HTL materials. Second, the intrinsic relationships between molecular structure, solubility in green solvents, molecular stacking, and device performance are discussed. Finally, conclusions and perspectives are presented along with the rational design of highly efficient, stable, and green solvent-processable dopant-free HTL materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinrong Cheng
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic MaterialsSuzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor‐optoelectronics Materials and DevicesCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Weijie Chen
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic MaterialsSuzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor‐optoelectronics Materials and DevicesCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Yaowen Li
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic MaterialsSuzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor‐optoelectronics Materials and DevicesCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon TechnologiesSoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215123P. R. China
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric MaterialsJiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design andApplicationCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Yongfang Li
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic MaterialsSuzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor‐optoelectronics Materials and DevicesCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon TechnologiesSoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215123P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
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16
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Zhang Z, Zhu R, Tang Y, Su Z, Hu S, Zhang X, Zhang J, Zhao J, Xue Y, Gao X, Li G, Pascual J, Abate A, Li M. Anchoring Charge Selective Self-Assembled Monolayers for Tin-Lead Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2312264. [PMID: 38281081 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) have displayed great potential for improving efficiency and stability in p-i-n perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The anchoring of SAMs at the conductiv metal oxide substrates and their interaction with perovskite materials must be rationally tailored to ensure efficient charge carrier extraction and improved quality of the perovskite films. Herein, SAMs molecules with different anchoring groups and spacers to control the interaction with perovskite in the p-i-n mixed Sn-Pb PSCs are selected. It is found that the monolayer with the carboxylate group exhibits appropriate interaction and has a more favorable orientation and arrangement than that of the phosphate group. This results in reduced nonradiative recombination and enhanced crystallinity. In addition, the short chain length leads to an improved energy level alignment of SAMs with perovskite, improving hole extraction. As a result, the narrow bandgap (≈1.25 eV) Sn-Pb PSCs show efficiencies of up to 23.1% with an open-circuit voltage of up to 0.89 V. Unencapsulated devices retain 93% of their initial efficiency after storage in N2 atmosphere for over 2500 h. Overall, this work highlights the underexplored potential of SAMs for perovskite photovoltaics and provides essential findings on the influence of their structural modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuhong Zhang
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Rui Zhu
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Ying Tang
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhuang Su
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 239 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201204, P. R. China
| | - Shuaifeng Hu
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Xu Zhang
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Junhan Zhang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 239 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201204, P. R. China
| | - Jinbo Zhao
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Yunchang Xue
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Xingyu Gao
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 239 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201204, P. R. China
| | - Guixiang Li
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jorge Pascual
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Tolosa Avenue, 72, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20018, Spain
| | - Antonio Abate
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109, Berlin, Germany
| | - Meng Li
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
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17
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Chen J, Zhang X, Liu X, Li B, Han M, Han S, Han Y, Liu J, Dai W, Ghadari R, Dai S. A Multifunctional Dye Molecule as the Interfacial Layer for Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:22079-22088. [PMID: 38641564 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c03383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
In perovskite solar cells (PSCs), defects in the interface and mismatched energy levels can damage the device performance. Improving the interface quality is an effective way to achieve efficient and stable PSCs. In this work, a multifunctional dye molecule, named ThPCyAc, was designed and synthesized to be introduced in the perovskite/HTM interface. On one hand, various functional groups on the acceptor unit can act as Lewis base to reduce defect density and suppress nonradiative combinations. On the other hand, the stepwise energy-level alignment caused by ThPCyAc decreases the accumulation of interface carriers for facilitating charge extraction and transmission. Therefore, based on the ThPCyAc molecule, the devices exhibit elevated open-circuit voltage and fill factor, resulting in the best power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.16%, outperforming the control sample lacking the interface layer (PCE = 21.49%). Excitingly, when attempting to apply it as a self-assembled layer in inverted devices, ThPCyAc still exhibits attractive behavior. It is worth noting that these results indicate that dye molecules have great potential in developing multifunctional interface materials to obtain higher-performance PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlin Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xianfu Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xuepeng Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Botong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Mingyuan Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Sike Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yu Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jiasheng Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Weiqing Dai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Rahim Ghadari
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Organic and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran
| | - Songyuan Dai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells, School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
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18
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Yu X, Ding P, Yang D, Yan P, Wang H, Yang S, Wu J, Wang Z, Sun H, Chen Z, Xie L, Ge Z. Self-Assembled Molecules with Asymmetric Backbone for Highly Stable Binary Organic Solar Cells with 19.7 % Efficiency. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401518. [PMID: 38459749 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
The hole-transporting material (HTM), poly (3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT : PSS), is the most widely used material in the realization of high-efficiency organic solar cells (OSCs). However, the stability of PEDOT : PSS-based OSCs is quite poor, arising from its strong acidity and hygroscopicity. In addition, PEDOT : PSS has an absorption in the infrared region and high highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level, thus limiting the enhancement of short-circuit current density (Jsc) and open-circuit voltage (Voc), respectively. Herein, two asymmetric self-assembled molecules (SAMs), namely BrCz and BrBACz, were designed and synthesized as HTM in binary OSCs based on the well-known system of PM6 : Y6, PM6 : eC9, PM6 : L8-BO, and D18 : eC9. Compared with BrCz, BrBACz shows larger dipole moment, deeper work function and lower surface energy. Moreover, BrBACz not only enhances photon harvesting in the active layer, but also minimizes voltage losses as well as improves interface charge extraction/ transport. Consequently, the PM6 : eC9-based binary OSC using BrBACz as HTM exhibits a champion efficiency of 19.70 % with a remarkable Jsc of 29.20 mA cm-2 and a Voc of 0.856 V, which is a record efficiency for binary OSCs so far. In addition, the unencapsulated device maintains 95.0 % of its original efficiency after 1,000 hours of storage at air ambient, indicating excellent long-term stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueliang Yu
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Pengfei Ding
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Daobin Yang
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Pengyu Yan
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Hongqian Wang
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Shuncheng Yang
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Zhongqiang Wang
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - He Sun
- Innovation Center for Organic Electronics (INOEL), Yamagata University, Yonezawa, 992-0119, Japan
| | - Zhenyu Chen
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lin Xie
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Ziyi Ge
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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19
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Grzibovskis R, Aizstrauts A, Pidluzhna A, Marcinskas M, Magomedov A, Karazhanov S, Malinauskas T, Getautis V, Vembris A. Energy-Level Interpretation of Carbazole Derivatives in Self-Assembling Monolayer. Molecules 2024; 29:1910. [PMID: 38731400 PMCID: PMC11085244 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29091910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Energy-level alignment is a crucial factor in the performance of thin-film devices, such as organic light-emitting diodes and photovoltaics. One way to adjust these energy levels is through chemical modification of the molecules involved. However, this approach may lead to unintended changes in the optical and/or electrical properties of the compound. An alternative method for energy-level adjustment at the interface is the use of self-assembling monolayers (SAMs). Initially, SAMs with passive spacers were employed, creating a surface dipole moment that altered the work function (WF) of the electrode. However, recent advancements have led to the synthesis of SAM molecules with active spacers. This development necessitates considering not only the modification of the electrode's WF but also the ionization energy (IE) of the molecule itself. To measure both the IE of SAM molecules and their impact on the electrode's WF, a relatively simple method is photo-electric emission spectroscopy. Solar cell performance parameters have a higher correlation coefficient with the ionization energy of SAM molecules with carbazole derivatives as spacers (up to 0.97) than the work function of the modified electrode (up to 0.88). Consequently, SAMs consisting of molecules with active spacers can be viewed as hole transport layers rather than interface layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raitis Grzibovskis
- Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia; (R.G.); (A.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Arturs Aizstrauts
- Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia; (R.G.); (A.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Anna Pidluzhna
- Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia; (R.G.); (A.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Mantas Marcinskas
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, 44249 Kaunas, Lithuania; (M.M.); (A.M.); (T.M.); (V.G.)
| | - Artiom Magomedov
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, 44249 Kaunas, Lithuania; (M.M.); (A.M.); (T.M.); (V.G.)
| | - Smagul Karazhanov
- Department for Solar Energy, Institute for Energy Technology, 173 Kjeller, Norway;
| | - Tadas Malinauskas
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, 44249 Kaunas, Lithuania; (M.M.); (A.M.); (T.M.); (V.G.)
| | - Vytautas Getautis
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, 44249 Kaunas, Lithuania; (M.M.); (A.M.); (T.M.); (V.G.)
| | - Aivars Vembris
- Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia; (R.G.); (A.A.); (A.P.)
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20
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Zhang H, Zhang S, Ji X, He J, Guo H, Wang S, Wu W, Zhu WH, Wu Y. Formamidinium Lead Iodide-Based Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells with Efficiency over 25 % Enabled by An Amphiphilic Molecular Hole-Transporter. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401260. [PMID: 38372399 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) represents an optimal absorber material in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), while the application of FAPbI3 in inverted-structured PSCs has yet to be successful, mainly owing to its inferior film-forming on hydrophobic or defective hole-transporting substrates. Herein, we report a substantial improvement of FAPbI3-based inverted PSCs, which is realized by a multifunctional amphiphilic molecular hole-transporter, (2-(4-(10H-phenothiazin-10-yl)phenyl)-1-cyanovinyl)phosphonic acid (PTZ-CPA). The phenothiazine (PTZ) based PTZ-CPA, carrying a cyanovinyl phosphonic acid (CPA) group, forms a superwetting hole-selective underlayer that enables facile deposition of high-quality FAPbI3 thin films. Compared to a previously established carbazole-based hole-selective material (2-(3,6-dimethoxy-9H-carbazol-9-yl)ethyl)phosphonic acid (MeO-2PACz), the crystallinity of FAPbI3 is enhanced and the electronic defects are passivated by the PTZ-CPA more effectively, resulting in remarkable increases in photoluminescence quantum yield (four-fold) and Shockley-Read-Hall lifetime (eight-fold). Moreover, the PTZ-CPA shows a larger molecular dipole moment and improved energy level alignment with FAPbI3, benefiting the interfacial hole-collection. Consequently, FAPbI3-based inverted PSCs achieve an unprecedented efficiency of 25.35 % under simulated air mass 1.5 (AM1.5) sunlight. The PTZ-CPA based device shows commendable long-term stability, maintaining over 90 % of its initial efficiency after continuous operation at 40 °C for 2000 hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huidong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Ji
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Jingwen He
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Huanxin Guo
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Songran Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Wu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Hong Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yongzhen Wu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
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21
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Hu S, Thiesbrummel J, Pascual J, Stolterfoht M, Wakamiya A, Snaith HJ. Narrow Bandgap Metal Halide Perovskites for All-Perovskite Tandem Photovoltaics. Chem Rev 2024; 124:4079-4123. [PMID: 38527274 PMCID: PMC11009966 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
All-perovskite tandem solar cells are attracting considerable interest in photovoltaics research, owing to their potential to surpass the theoretical efficiency limit of single-junction cells, in a cost-effective sustainable manner. Thanks to the bandgap-bowing effect, mixed tin-lead (Sn-Pb) perovskites possess a close to ideal narrow bandgap for constructing tandem cells, matched with wide-bandgap neat lead-based counterparts. The performance of all-perovskite tandems, however, has yet to reach its efficiency potential. One of the main obstacles that need to be overcome is the─oftentimes─low quality of the mixed Sn-Pb perovskite films, largely caused by the facile oxidation of Sn(II) to Sn(IV), as well as the difficult-to-control film crystallization dynamics. Additional detrimental imperfections are introduced in the perovskite thin film, particularly at its vulnerable surfaces, including the top and bottom interfaces as well as the grain boundaries. Due to these issues, the resultant device performance is distinctly far lower than their theoretically achievable maximum efficiency. Robust modifications and improvements to the surfaces of mixed Sn-Pb perovskite films are therefore critical for the advancement of the field. This Review describes the origins of imperfections in thin films and covers efforts made so far toward reaching a better understanding of mixed Sn-Pb perovskites, in particular with respect to surface modifications that improved the efficiency and stability of the narrow bandgap solar cells. In addition, we also outline the important issues of integrating the narrow bandgap subcells for achieving reliable and efficient all-perovskite double- and multi-junction tandems. Future work should focus on the characterization and visualization of the specific surface defects, as well as tracking their evolution under different external stimuli, guiding in turn the processing for efficient and stable single-junction and tandem solar cell devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaifeng Hu
- Clarendon
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, United
Kingdom
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Jarla Thiesbrummel
- Clarendon
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, United
Kingdom
- Institute
for Physics and Astronomy, University of
Potsdam,14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Jorge Pascual
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
- Polymat, University of the
Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia-San
Sebastian, Spain
| | - Martin Stolterfoht
- Institute
for Physics and Astronomy, University of
Potsdam,14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Electronic
Engineering Department, The Chinese University
of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, SAR China
| | - Atsushi Wakamiya
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Henry J. Snaith
- Clarendon
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, United
Kingdom
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22
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An Y, Zhang N, Zeng Z, Cai Y, Jiang W, Qi F, Ke L, Lin FR, Tsang SW, Shi T, Jen AKY, Yip HL. Optimizing Crystallization in Wide-Bandgap Mixed Halide Perovskites for High-Efficiency Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2306568. [PMID: 37677058 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Wide-bandgap (WBG) perovskites have attracted considerable attention due to their adjustable bandgap properties, making them ideal candidates for top subcells in tandem solar cells (TSCs). However, WBG perovskites often face challenges such as inhomogeneous crystallization and severe nonradiative recombination loss, leading to high open-circuit voltage (VOC) deficits and poor stability. To address these issues, a multifunctional phenylethylammonium acetate (PEAAc) additive that enhances uniform halide phase distribution and reduces defect density in perovskite films by regulating the mixed-halide crystallization rate, is introduced. This approach successfully develops efficient WBG perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with reduced VOC loss and enhanced stability. By applying this universal strategy to the FAMACsPb(I1- xBrx)3 system with a range of bandgaps of 1.73, 1.79, 1.85, and 1.92 eV, power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of 21.3%, 19.5%, 18.1%, and 16.2%, respectively, are attained. These results represent some of the highest PCEs reported for the corresponding bandgaps. Furthermore, integrating WBG perovskite with organic photovoltaics, an impressive PCE of over 24% for two-terminal perovskite/organic TSCs, with a record VOC of ≈ 2.2 V is achieved. This work establishes a foundation for addressing phase separation and inhomogeneous crystallization in Br-rich perovskite components, paving the way for the development of high-performance WBG PSCs and TSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidan An
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Zixin Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yating Cai
- Siyuan Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Wenlin Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Feng Qi
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Lingyi Ke
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Francis R Lin
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Sai-Wing Tsang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Tingting Shi
- Siyuan Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Hin-Lap Yip
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
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23
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Li F, Lin FR, Jen AKY. Current State and Future Perspectives of Printable Organic and Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307161. [PMID: 37828582 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Photovoltaic technology presents a sustainable solution to address the escalating global energy consumption and a reliable strategy for achieving net-zero carbon emissions by 2050. Emerging photovoltaic technologies, especially the printable organic and perovskite solar cells, have attracted extensive attention due to their rapidly transcending power conversion efficiencies and facile processability, providing great potential to revolutionize the global photovoltaic market. To accelerate these technologies to translate from the laboratory scale to the industrial level, it is critical to develop well-defined and scalable protocols to deposit high-quality thin films of photoactive and charge-transporting materials. Herein, the current state of printable organic and perovskite solar cells is summarized and the view regarding the challenges and prospects toward their commercialization is shared. Different printing techniques are first introduced to provide a correlation between material properties and printing mechanisms, and the optimization of ink formulation and film-formation during large-area deposition of different functional layers in devices are then discussed. Engineering perspectives are also discussed to analyze the criteria for module design. Finally, perspectives are provided regarding the future development of these solar cells toward practical commercialization. It is believed that this perspective will provide insight into the development of printable solar cells and other electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhu Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Francis R Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
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24
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Li M, Liu M, Qi F, Lin FR, Jen AKY. Self-Assembled Monolayers for Interfacial Engineering in Solution-Processed Thin-Film Electronic Devices: Design, Fabrication, and Applications. Chem Rev 2024; 124:2138-2204. [PMID: 38421811 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Interfacial engineering has long been a vital means of improving thin-film device performance, especially for organic electronics, perovskites, and hybrid devices. It greatly facilitates the fabrication and performance of solution-processed thin-film devices, including organic field effect transistors (OFETs), organic solar cells (OSCs), perovskite solar cells (PVSCs), and organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, due to the limitation of traditional interfacial materials, further progress of these thin-film devices is hampered particularly in terms of stability, flexibility, and sensitivity. The deadlock has gradually been broken through the development of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), which possess distinct benefits in transparency, diversity, stability, sensitivity, selectivity, and surface passivation ability. In this review, we first showed the evolution of SAMs, elucidating their working mechanisms and structure-property relationships by assessing a wide range of SAM materials reported to date. A comprehensive comparison of various SAM growth, fabrication, and characterization methods was presented to help readers interested in applying SAM to their works. Moreover, the recent progress of the SAM design and applications in mainstream thin-film electronic devices, including OFETs, OSCs, PVSCs and OLEDs, was summarized. Finally, an outlook and prospects section summarizes the major challenges for the further development of SAMs used in thin-film devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Feng Qi
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Francis R Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
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25
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Li M, Li Z, Liu M, Fu H, Qi F, Lin FR, Walsh A, Jen AKY. A Hole-Selective Self-Assembled Monolayer for Both Efficient Perovskite and Organic Solar Cells. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:4772-4778. [PMID: 38381871 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) emerging as promising hole-selective layers (HSLs) are advantageous for facile processability, low cost, and minimal material consumption in the fabrication of both perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and organic solar cells (OSCs). However, owing to the different nature between perovskites and organic semiconductors, few SAMs were reported to effectively accommodate both PSCs and OSCs at the same time. In this regard, a universally applicable SAM that can accommodate both perovskites and organic semiconductors could be desirable for simplifying cell manufacturing, especially from an industrial perspective. In this work, we designed a SAM, TDPA-Cl by introducing chlorinated phenothiazine as the headgroup and linking with anchor phosphonic acid through a butyl chain. The resulting dense SAM was carefully characterized in terms of molecular bonding, surface morphology, and packing density, and its functions in OSCs and PSCs were discussed from the aspects of interactions with the absorber layer, energy level alignment, and charge-selective dipoles. The PM6:Y6-based OSCs with TDPA-Cl SAM as the HSL showed a superior performance to those with PEDOT:PSS. Furthermore, the universality was proved with an efficiency of 17.4% in the D18:Y6 system. In PSCs, the TDPA-Cl-based devices delivered a better performance of 22.4% than the PTAA-based devices (20.8%) with improved processability and reproducibility. This work represents a SAM with reasonably good compromise between the differing requirements of OSCs and PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zhenzhu Li
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Department of Physics, EWHA Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Huiting Fu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Feng Qi
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Francis R Lin
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Aron Walsh
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Department of Physics, EWHA Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
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26
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Jiang W, Liu M, Li Y, Lin FR, Jen AKY. Rational molecular design of multifunctional self-assembled monolayers for efficient hole selection and buried interface passivation in inverted perovskite solar cells. Chem Sci 2024; 15:2778-2785. [PMID: 38404377 PMCID: PMC10882494 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05485c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) have been widely employed as the bottom-contact hole-selective layer (HSL) in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Besides manipulating the electrical properties, molecularly engineering the SAM provides an opportunity to modulate the perovskite buried interface. Here, we successfully introduced Lewis-basic oxygen and sulfur heteroatoms through rational molecular design of asymmetric SAMs to obtain two novel multifunctional SAMs, CbzBF and CbzBT. Detailed characterization of single-crystal structures and device interfaces shows that enhanced packing, more effective ITO work function adjustment, and buried interface passivation were successfully achieved. Consequently, the champion PSC employing CbzBT showed an excellent power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.0% with a high fill factor of 84.41% and improved stability. This work demonstrates the feasibility of introducing defect-passivating heterocyclic groups into SAM molecules to help passivate the interfacial defects in PSCs. The insights gained from this molecular design strategy will accelerate the development of new multifunctional SAM HSLs for efficient PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlin Jiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong Kowloon 999077 Hong Kong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong Kowloon 999077 Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong Kowloon 999077 Hong Kong
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong Kowloon 999077 Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong Kowloon 999077 Hong Kong
| | - Yanxun Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong Kowloon 999077 Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong Kowloon 999077 Hong Kong
| | - Francis R Lin
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong Kowloon 999077 Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong Kowloon 999077 Hong Kong
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong Kowloon 999077 Hong Kong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong Kowloon 999077 Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong Kowloon 999077 Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong Kowloon 999077 Hong Kong
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27
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Kralj S, Dally P, Bampoulis P, Vishal B, De Wolf S, Morales-Masis M. Impact of the TCO Microstructure on the Electronic Properties of Carbazole-Based Self-Assembled Monolayers. ACS MATERIALS LETTERS 2024; 6:366-374. [PMID: 38333600 PMCID: PMC10848288 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.3c01166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Carbazole-based self-assembled monolayers (PACz-SAMs), anchored via their phosphonic acid group on a transparent conductive oxide (TCO), have demonstrated excellent performance as hole-selective layers in perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. Yet, whereas different PACz-SAMs have been explored, the role of the TCO, and specifically its microstructure, on the hole transport properties of the TCO/PACz-SAMs stack has been largely overlooked. Here, we demonstrate that the TCO microstructure directly impacts the work function (WF) shift after SAM anchoring and is responsible for WF variations at the micro/nanoscale. Specifically, we studied Sn-doped In2O3 (ITO) substrates with amorphous and polycrystalline (featuring either nanoscale- or microscale-sized grains) microstructures before and after 2PACz-SAMs and NiOx/2PACz-SAMs anchoring. With this, we established a direct correlation between the ITO crystal grain orientation and 2PACz-SAMs local potential distribution, i.e., the WF. Importantly, these variations vanish for amorphous oxides (either in the form of amorphous ITO or when adding an amorphous NiOx buffer layer), where a homogeneous surface potential distribution is found. These findings highlight the importance of TCO microstructure tuning, to enable both high mobility and broadband transparent electrodes while ensuring uniform WF distribution upon application of hole transport SAMs, both critical for enhanced device performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzana Kralj
- MESA+
Institute for Nanotechnology, University
of Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Pia Dally
- KAUST
Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
(KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom
of Saudi Arabia
| | - Pantelis Bampoulis
- Physics
of Interfaces and Nanomaterials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Badri Vishal
- KAUST
Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
(KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom
of Saudi Arabia
| | - Stefaan De Wolf
- KAUST
Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
(KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom
of Saudi Arabia
| | - Monica Morales-Masis
- MESA+
Institute for Nanotechnology, University
of Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands
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28
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Puerto Galvis CE, González Ruiz DA, Martínez-Ferrero E, Palomares E. Challenges in the design and synthesis of self-assembling molecules as selective contacts in perovskite solar cells. Chem Sci 2024; 15:1534-1556. [PMID: 38303950 PMCID: PMC10829004 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04668k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Self-assembling molecules (SAMs), as selective contacts, play an important role in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), determining the performance and stability of these photovoltaic devices. These materials offer many advantages over other traditional materials used as hole-selective contacts, as they can be easily deposited on a large area of metal oxides, can modify the work function of these substrates, and reduce optical and electric losses with low material consumption. However, the most interesting thing about SAMs is that by modifying the chemical structure of the small molecules used, the energy levels, molecular dipoles, and surface properties of this assembled monolayer can be modulated to fine-tune the desired interactions between the substrate and the active layer. Due to the important role of organic chemistry in the field of photovoltaics, in this review, we will cover the current challenges for the design and synthesis of SAMs PSCs. Discussing, the structural features that define a SAM, (ii) disclosing how commercial molecules inspired the synthesis of new SAMs; and (iii) detailing the pros- and cons- of the reported synthetic protocols that have been employed for the synthesis of molecules for SAMs, helping synthetic chemists to develop novel structures and promoting the fast industrialization of PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos E Puerto Galvis
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) Avda. Països Catalans, 16 Tarragona Spain
| | - Dora A González Ruiz
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) Avda. Països Catalans, 16 Tarragona Spain
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica., Universitat Rovira i Virgili Avda. Països Catalans, 26 Tarragona Spain
| | | | - Emilio Palomares
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) Avda. Països Catalans, 16 Tarragona Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) Passeig Lluïs Companys, 23 Barcelona Spain
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29
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Zhou X, Geng R, Xu S, Liu X, Yang Y, Gao S, Xu H, Zhu W, Song X. Self-assembled hole-transporting material constructed by chlorination and conjugation strategies toward efficient organic solar cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:738-741. [PMID: 38115767 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04863b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The moderate charge-transporting capability together with higher-lying energetic levels of self-assembling hole-transporting materials (SAMs) constrain the productive carrier extraction dynamics. To alleviate this issue, a synergetic chlorination and extended conjugation strategy is applied to explore a novel HTL, named 2Cl-TPA-CN-COOH. Indeed, the chlorinated head backbone would deepen the energetic level and strengthen the intramolecular push-pull effect, whereas the elongated conjugation unit would boost the carrier-transporting potential. Consequently, a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.6% with upgraded stability is obtained in a 2Cl-TPA-CN-COOH cell. These results demonstrate a new insight of the molecular configuration of SAMs, which would contribute to the enhancements of performance and reliability in the OSC field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjie Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China.
| | - Renyong Geng
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, P. R. China.
| | - Shanlei Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China.
| | - Xingting Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China.
| | - Yahui Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China.
| | - Shengzheng Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China.
| | - Hao Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China.
| | - Weiguo Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China.
| | - Xin Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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30
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Yeo D, Shin J, Kim D, Jaung JY, Jung IH. Self-Assembled Monolayer-Based Hole-Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:175. [PMID: 38251141 PMCID: PMC10818599 DOI: 10.3390/nano14020175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Ever since self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) were adopted as hole-transporting layers (HTL) for perovskite solar cells (PSCs), numerous SAMs for HTL have been synthesized and reported. SAMs offer several unique advantages including relatively simple synthesis, straightforward molecular engineering, effective surface modification using small amounts of molecules, and suitability for large-area device fabrication. In this review, we discuss recent developments of SAM-based hole-transporting materials (HTMs) for PSCs. Notably, in this article, SAM-based HTMs have been categorized by similarity of synthesis to provide general information for building a SAM structure. SAMs are composed of head, linker, and anchoring groups, and the selection of anchoring groups is key to design the synthetic procedure of SAM-based HTMs. In addition, the working mechanism of SAM-based HTMs has been visualized and explained to provide inspiration for finding new head and anchoring groups that have not yet been explored. Furthermore, both photovoltaic properties and device stabilities have been discussed and summarized, expanding reader's understanding of the relationship between the structure and performance of SAMs-based PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jae Yun Jaung
- Department of Organic and Nano Engineering, and Human-Tech Convergence Program, Hanyang University, 222, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; (D.Y.); (J.S.); (D.K.)
| | - In Hwan Jung
- Department of Organic and Nano Engineering, and Human-Tech Convergence Program, Hanyang University, 222, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; (D.Y.); (J.S.); (D.K.)
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31
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Li C, Zhang Z, Zhang H, Yan W, Li Y, Liang L, Yu W, Yu X, Wang Y, Yang Y, Nazeeruddin MK, Gao P. Fully Aromatic Self-Assembled Hole-Selective Layer toward Efficient Inverted Wide-Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells with Ultraviolet Resistance. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202315281. [PMID: 37987092 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet-induced degradation has emerged as a critical stability concern impeding the widespread adoption of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), particularly in the context of phase-unstable wide-band gap perovskite films. This study introduces a novel approach by employing a fully aromatic carbazole-based self-assembled monolayer, denoted as (4-(3,6-dimethoxy-9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl)phosphonic acid (MeO-PhPACz), as a hole-selective layer (HSL) in inverted wide-band gap PSCs. Incorporating a conjugated linker plays a pivotal role in promoting the formation of a dense and highly ordered HSL on substrates, facilitating subsequent perovskite interfacial interactions, and fostering the growth of uniform perovskite films. The high-quality film could effectively suppress interfacial non-radiative recombination, improving hole extraction/transport efficiency. Through these advancements, the optimized wide-band gap PSCs, featuring a band gap of 1.68 eV, attain an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.10 %. Remarkably, MeO-PhPACz demonstrates inherent UV resistance and heightened UV absorption capabilities, substantially improving UV resistance for the targeted PSCs. This characteristic holds significance for the feasibility of large-scale outdoor applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zilong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Huifeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Wenlong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yuheng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Lusheng Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Wei Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Xuteng Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Ye Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fedérale de Lausanne, Peshawar, 1951 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Peng Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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32
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Liu M, Bi L, Jiang W, Zeng Z, Tsang SW, Lin FR, Jen AKY. Compact Hole-Selective Self-Assembled Monolayers Enabled by Disassembling Micelles in Solution for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2304415. [PMID: 37487572 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are widely employed as effective hole-selective layers (HSLs) in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, most SAM molecules are amphiphilic in nature and tend to form micelles in the commonly used alcoholic processing solvents. This introduces an extra energetic barrier to disassemble the micelles during the binding of SAM molecules on the substrate surface, limiting the formation of a compact SAM. To alleviate this problem for achieving optimal SAM growth, a co-solvent strategy to disassemble the micelles of carbazole-based SAM molecules in the processing solution is developed. This effectively increases the critical micelle concentration to be above the processing concentration and enhances the reactivity of the phosphonic acid anchoring group to allow densely packed SAMs to be formed on indium tin oxide. Consequently, the PSCs derived from using MeO-2PACz, 2PACz, and CbzNaph SAM HSLs show universally improved performance, with the CbzNaph SAM-derived device achieving a champion efficiency of 24.98% and improved stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Leyu Bi
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Wenlin Jiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Zixin Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Sai-Wing Tsang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Francis R Lin
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
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33
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Li Z, Sun X, Zheng X, Li B, Gao D, Zhang S, Wu X, Li S, Gong J, Luther JM, Li Z, Zhu Z. Stabilized hole-selective layer for high-performance inverted p-i-n perovskite solar cells. Science 2023; 382:284-289. [PMID: 37856581 DOI: 10.1126/science.ade9637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
P-i-n geometry perovskite solar cells (PSCs) offer simplified fabrication, greater amenability to charge extraction layers, and low-temperature processing over n-i-p counterparts. Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) can enhance the performance of p-i-n PSCs but ultrathin SAMs can be thermally unstable. We report a thermally robust hole-selective layer comprised of nickel oxide (NiOx) nanoparticle film with a surface-anchored (4-(3,11-dimethoxy-7H-dibenzo[c,g]carbazol-7-yl)butyl)phosphonic acid (MeO-4PADBC) SAM that can improve and stabilize the NiOx/perovskite interface. The energetic alignment and favorable contact and binding between NiOx/MeO-4PADBC and perovskite reduced the voltage deficit of PSCs with various perovskite compositions and led to strong interface toughening effects under thermal stress. The resulting 1.53-electron-volt devices achieved 25.6% certified power conversion efficiency and maintained >90% of their initial efficiency after continuously operating at 65 degrees Celsius for 1200 hours under 1-sun illumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Xianglang Sun
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Zheng
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Danpeng Gao
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Shoufeng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Xin Wu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Jianqiu Gong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | | | - Zhong'an Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China
| | - Zonglong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
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34
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Hung CM, Mai CL, Wu CC, Chen BH, Lu CH, Chu CC, Wang MC, Yang SD, Chen HC, Yeh CY, Chou PT. Self-Assembled Monolayers of Bi-Functionalized Porphyrins: A Novel Class of Hole-Layer-Coordinating Perovskites and Indium Tin Oxide in Inverted Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309831. [PMID: 37594921 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) offer the advantage of facile interfacial modification, leading to significant improvements in device performance. In this study, we report the design and synthesis of a new series of carboxylic acid-functionalized porphyrin derivatives, namely AC-1, AC-3, and AC-5, and present, for the first time, a strategy to exploit the large π-moiety of porphyrins as a backbone for interfacing the indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode and perovskite active layer in an inverted perovskite solar cell (PSC) configuration. The electron-rich nature of porphyrins facilitates hole transfer and the formation of SAMs, resulting in a dense surface that minimizes defects. Comprehensive spectroscopic and dynamic studies demonstrate that the double-anchored AC-3 and AC-5 enhance SAMs on ITO, passivate the perovskite layer, and function as conduits to facilitate hole transfer, thus significantly boosting the performance of PSCs. The champion inverted PSC employing AC-5 SAM achieves an impressive solar efficiency of 23.19 % with a high fill factor of 84.05 %. This work presents a novel molecular engineering strategy for functionalizing SAMs to tune the energy levels, molecular dipoles, packing orientations to achieve stable and efficient solar performance. Importantly, our comprehensive investigation has unraveled the associated mechanisms, offering valuable insights for future advancements in PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Ming Hung
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, 106319, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Lun Mai
- Department of Chemistry, i-Center for Advanced Science and Technology (i-CAST), Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture (IDCSA), National Chung Hsing University, 402202, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chi Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, 106319, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Han Chen
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, 300044, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsuan Lu
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, 300044, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Che-Chun Chu
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, 106319, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, i-Center for Advanced Science and Technology (i-CAST), Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture (IDCSA), National Chung Hsing University, 402202, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Da Yang
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, 300044, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hsieh-Chih Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Fu Jen Catholic University, 242062, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yu Yeh
- Department of Chemistry, i-Center for Advanced Science and Technology (i-CAST), Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture (IDCSA), National Chung Hsing University, 402202, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Tai Chou
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, 106319, Taipei, Taiwan
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35
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Qi L, Du G, Zhu G, Wang Y, Yang L, Zhang J. Enhanced Interface Compatibility by Ionic Dendritic Molecules To Achieve Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:41109-41120. [PMID: 37590128 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) represents a promising hole transport material for emerging perovskite solar cells (PSCs) due to its appealing merits of high thermal stability and appropriate hydrophobicity. Nonetheless, large energy losses at the P3HT/perovskite interface lead to unsatisfied efficiency and stability of the devices. Herein, two ionic dendritic molecules, 3,3'-(2,7-bis(3,6-bis(bis(4-methoxyphenyl)amino)-9H-carbazol-9-yl)-9H-fluorene-9,9-diyl)bis(N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium) iodide and 3,3'-(2,7-bis(bis(4-(bis(4-methoxyphenyl)amino)phenyl)amino)-9H-fluorene-9,9-diyl)bis(N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium) iodide, namely, MPA-Cz-FAI and MPA-PA-FAI, are rationally designed as the interlayer to enhance interfacial compatibility. The dendritic backbone with conjugated structure endows the hole transport layer with high conductivity, derived from the more ordered microstructure with larger crystallization and higher connectivity of domain zones. Besides, a better energy level alignment is established between P3HT and perovskite, which enhances the charge extraction and transport yield. In addition, the peripheral methoxy groups enable effective defect passivation at the interface to suppress nonradiative recombination and the quaternary ammonium iodide serving as side chains enable efficient interfacial hole extraction contributing to enhanced charge collection yield. As a result, the dopant-free P3HT-based PSCs modified with MPA-Cz-PAI deliver a champion efficiency of 19.7%, significantly higher than that of the control devices (15.4%). More encouragingly, the unencapsulated devices demonstrate competitive environmental stability by retaining over 85% of its initial efficiency after 1500 h of storage under humid conditions (70% relative humidity). This work provides an effective molecular design strategy for interface engineering, envisaging a bright prospect for the further development of efficient and stable perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianlian Qi
- College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Guozheng Du
- College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Guojie Zhu
- College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Li Yang
- College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Jinbao Zhang
- College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
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36
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Ma Y, Gong J, Zeng P, Liu M. Recent Progress in Interfacial Dipole Engineering for Perovskite Solar Cells. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 15:173. [PMID: 37420117 PMCID: PMC10328907 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01131-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Design and modification of interfaces have been the main strategies in developing perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Among the interfacial treatments, dipole molecules have emerged as a practical approach to improve the efficiency and stability of PSCs due to their unique and versatile abilities to control the interfacial properties. Despite extensive applications in conventional semiconductors, working principles and design of interfacial dipoles in the performance/stability enhancement of PSCs are lacking an insightful elucidation. In this review, we first discuss the fundamental properties of electric dipoles and the specific roles of interfacial dipoles in PSCs. Then we systematically summarize the recent progress of dipole materials in several key interfaces to achieve efficient and stable PSCs. In addition to such discussions, we also dive into reliable analytical techniques to support the characterization of interfacial dipoles in PSCs. Finally, we highlight future directions and potential avenues for research in the development of dipolar materials through tailored molecular designs. Our review sheds light on the importance of continued efforts in this exciting emerging field, which holds great potential for the development of high-performance and stable PSCs as commercially demanded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinyi Ma
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, People's Republic of China
| | - Jue Gong
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zeng
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhen Liu
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, People's Republic of China.
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37
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Zhou C, Xu X, Liu Z, Sun Z, Chen Z, Chen X, Chen L, Fang X, Zhang J, Yang YM, Jia X, Yuan N, Ding J. Bifunctional Hole-Transport Materials with Modification and Passivation Effect for High-Performance Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:22752-22761. [PMID: 37119204 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Hole-transport materials (HTMs) play an important role in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) to enhance the power conversion efficiency (PCE). The innovation of HTMs can increase the hole extraction ability and reduce interfacial recombination. Three organic small molecule HTMs with 4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b']dithiophene (CPDT) as the central unit was designed and synthesized, namely, CPDTE-MTP (with the 2-ethylhexyl substituent and diphenylamine derivative end-group), CPDT-MTP (with the hexyl substituent and diphenylamine derivative end-group), and CPDT-PMTP (with the hexyl substituent and triphenylamine derivative end-group), which can form bifunctional and robust hole transport layer (HTL) on ITO and is tolerable to subsequent solvent and thermal processing. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results proved that CPDT-based HTMs can both interact with ITO through the nitrogen element in them and the tin element in ITO and passivate the upper perovskite layer. It is worth noting that the champion efficiency of MAPbI3 PSCs based on CPDT-PMTP achieved 20.77%, with an open circuit voltage (VOC) of 1.10 V, a short-circuit current (JSC) of 23.39 mA cm-2, and a fill factor (FF) of 80.83%, as three new materials were introduced into p-i-n PSCs as dopant-free HTMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanyu Zhou
- School of Material Science & Engineering, National Experimental Demonstration Center for Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Province Cultivation base for State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Xuehui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhengxu Liu
- School of Material Science & Engineering, National Experimental Demonstration Center for Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Province Cultivation base for State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Zhe Sun
- School of Material Science & Engineering, National Experimental Demonstration Center for Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Province Cultivation base for State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Ziyin Chen
- School of Material Science & Engineering, National Experimental Demonstration Center for Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Province Cultivation base for State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Xu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Chen
- School of Material Science & Engineering, National Experimental Demonstration Center for Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Province Cultivation base for State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Xiang Fang
- School of Material Science & Engineering, National Experimental Demonstration Center for Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Province Cultivation base for State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Material Science & Engineering, National Experimental Demonstration Center for Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Province Cultivation base for State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Yang Michael Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuguang Jia
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Ningyi Yuan
- School of Material Science & Engineering, National Experimental Demonstration Center for Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Province Cultivation base for State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Jianning Ding
- School of Material Science & Engineering, National Experimental Demonstration Center for Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Province Cultivation base for State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
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38
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Hu S, Smith JA, Snaith HJ, Wakamiya A. Prospects for Tin-Containing Halide Perovskite Photovoltaics. PRECISION CHEMISTRY 2023; 1:69-82. [PMID: 37124243 PMCID: PMC10131267 DOI: 10.1021/prechem.3c00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Tin-containing metal halide perovskites have enormous potential as photovoltaics, both in narrow band gap mixed tin-lead materials for all-perovskite tandems and for lead-free perovskites. The introduction of Sn(II), however, has significant effects on the solution chemistry, crystallization, defect states, and other material properties in halide perovskites. In this perspective, we summarize the main hurdles for tin-containing perovskites and highlight successful attempts made by the community to overcome them. We discuss important research directions for the development of these materials and propose some approaches to achieve a unified understanding of Sn incorporation. We particularly focus on the discussion of charge carrier dynamics and nonradiative losses at the interfaces between perovskite and charge extraction layers in p-i-n cells. We hope these insights will aid the community to accelerate the development of high-performance, stable single-junction tin-containing perovskite solar cells and all-perovskite tandems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaifeng Hu
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Joel A. Smith
- Clarendon
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, U.K.
| | - Henry J. Snaith
- Clarendon
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, U.K.
| | - Atsushi Wakamiya
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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Truong MA, Funasaki T, Ueberricke L, Nojo W, Murdey R, Yamada T, Hu S, Akatsuka A, Sekiguchi N, Hira S, Xie L, Nakamura T, Shioya N, Kan D, Tsuji Y, Iikubo S, Yoshida H, Shimakawa Y, Hasegawa T, Kanemitsu Y, Suzuki T, Wakamiya A. Tripodal Triazatruxene Derivative as a Face-On Oriented Hole-Collecting Monolayer for Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:7528-7539. [PMID: 36947735 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c00805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Hole-collecting monolayers have drawn attention in perovskite solar cell research due to their ease of processing, high performance, and good durability. Since molecules in the hole-collecting monolayer are typically composed of functionalized π-conjugated structures, hole extraction is expected to be more efficient when the π-cores are oriented face-on with respect to the adjacent surfaces. However, strategies for reliably controlling the molecular orientation in monolayers remain elusive. In this work, multiple phosphonic acid anchoring groups were used to control the molecular orientation of a series of triazatruxene derivatives chemisorbed on a transparent conducting oxide electrode surface. Using infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy and metastable atom electron spectroscopy, we found that multipodal derivatives align face-on to the electrode surface, while the monopodal counterpart adopts a more tilted configuration. The face-on orientation was found to facilitate hole extraction, leading to inverted perovskite solar cells with enhanced stability and high-power conversion efficiencies up to 23.0%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Anh Truong
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Funasaki
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Lucas Ueberricke
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Wataru Nojo
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Richard Murdey
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Takumi Yamada
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shuaifeng Hu
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Aruto Akatsuka
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Naomu Sekiguchi
- Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Shota Hira
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Lingling Xie
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Tomoya Nakamura
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Shioya
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kan
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yuta Tsuji
- Department of Advanced Analytical Science for Materials and Devices, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iikubo
- Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yoshida
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Molecular Chirality Research Center, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Yuichi Shimakawa
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hasegawa
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Kanemitsu
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Takanori Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Atsushi Wakamiya
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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40
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Bi L, Fu Q, Zeng Z, Wang Y, Lin FR, Cheng Y, Yip HL, Tsang SW, Jen AKY. Deciphering the Roles of MA-Based Volatile Additives for α-FAPbI 3 to Enable Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:5920-5929. [PMID: 36877962 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Functional additives that can interact with the perovskite precursors to form the intermediate phase have been proven essential in obtaining uniform and stable α-FAPbI3 films. Among them, Cl-based volatile additives are the most prevalent in the literature. However, their exact role is still unclear, especially in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this work, we have systematically studied the functions of Cl-based volatile additives and MA-based additives in formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3)-based inverted PSCs. Using in situ photoluminescence, we provide clear evidence to unravel the different roles of volatile additives (NH4Cl, FACl, and MACl) and MA-based additives (MACl, MABr, and MAI) in the nucleation, crystallization, and phase transition of FAPbI3. Three different kinds of crystallization routes are proposed based on the above additives. The non-MA volatile additives (NH4Cl and FACl) were found to promote crystallization and lower the phase-transition temperatures. The MA-based additives could quickly induce MA-rich nuclei to form pure α-phase FAPbI3 and dramatically reduce phase-transition temperatures. Furthermore, volatile MACl provides a unique effect on promoting the growth of secondary crystallization during annealing. The optimized solar cells with MACl can achieve an efficiency of 23.1%, which is the highest in inverted FAPbI3-based PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyu Bi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China.,Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China.,Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Zixin Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yunfan Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Francis R Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China.,Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yuanhang Cheng
- School of New Energy, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 214443, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Hin-Lap Yip
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China.,Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Sai Wing Tsang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China.,Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
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