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Weerasekera A, Ion-Mărgineanu A, Nolan GP, Mody M. Subcortical-cortical white matter connectivity in adults with autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia patients. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2024; 340:111806. [PMID: 38508025 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2024.111806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia (SZ) are neuropsychiatric disorders that overlap in symptoms associated with social-cognitive impairment. Alterations of the cingulate cortex, subcortical, medial-temporal, and orbitofrontal structures are frequently reported in both disorders. In this study, we examined white-matter connectivity between these structures in adults with ASD and SZ patients compared with their respective neurotypical controls and indirectly with each other, using probabilistic and local DTI tractography. This exploratory study utilized publicly available neuroimaging databases, of adults with ASD (ABIDE II; n = 28) and SZ (COBRE; n = 38), age-gender matched neurotypicals (NT) and associated phenotypic data. Tractography was performed using Freesurfer and MRtrix software, and diffusion metrics of white-matter tracts between cingulate-, orbitofrontal- cortices, subcortical structures, parahippocampal, entorhinal cortex were assessed. In ASD, atypical diffusivity parameters were found in the isthmus cingulate and parahippocampal connectivity to subcortical and rostral-anterior cingulate, which were also associated with IQ and social skills (SRS). In contrast, atypical diffusivity parameters were observed between the medial-orbitofrontal cortex and subcortical structures in SZ, and were associated with executive function (i.e., IQ, processing speed) and emotional regulation. Overall, the results suggest that defects in the isthmus cingulate, medial-orbitofrontal, and striato-limbic white matter connectivity may help unravel the neural underpinnings of executive and social-emotional dysfunction at the core of neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akila Weerasekera
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Adrian Ion-Mărgineanu
- ESAT - STADIUS, KU Leuven, Leuven. Belgium; Biomed Artificial Intelligence LLC, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Garry P Nolan
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, United States
| | - Maria Mody
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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2
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Chirica MG, Zhu Y, Mu W, Zhou H, Gong J, Chan RCK, Kwapil TR, Berenbaum H. Exploring phenotypic overlap across schizotypy and autism spectrum conditions in American and Chinese young adults. Schizophr Res 2024; 267:359-366. [PMID: 38626663 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Competing theories have been proposed to explain the considerable overlap in social-cognitive features and risk factors across schizotypy and autism spectrum conditions (ASCs). Six previous factor analyses have been reported in the literature, yet all have major limitations; evidence for the clear superiority of any of the competing theories is insufficient and warrants further investigation. The primary aim of the present research was to identify dimensions that cut across schizotypy and ASCs while addressing limitations of past research. Data were collected from three independent samples (n = 1006, 544, and 2469) in the U.S. and China using the Autism-Spectrum Quotient, the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire, and the Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales. Exploratory factor analyses in Sample 1 identified an interpretable three-factor structure, which was replicated in Samples 2 and 3 using confirmatory factor analyses. We found consistent evidence for three dimensions (Aberrant Salience, Asociality, and Concrete Thinking) underlying schizotypy and ASCs. This three-dimension model is consistent with a common vulnerability model of schizotypy and ASCs. Implications of these findings for the schizotypy and ASCs literature are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne G Chirica
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States of America
| | - Yiqin Zhu
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Wenting Mu
- Department of Psychology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Hanyu Zhou
- School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingbo Gong
- Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Raymond C K Chan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Thomas R Kwapil
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States of America
| | - Howard Berenbaum
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States of America
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3
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Morais S, d’Almeida OC, Caldeira S, Meneses S, Areias G, Girão V, Bettencourt C, Pereira DJ, Macedo A, Castelo-Branco M. Executive function in schizophrenia and autism in adults shares common components separating high and low performance groups. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1381526. [PMID: 38699455 PMCID: PMC11064061 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1381526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The profile of executive function (EF) in adults with Schizophrenia (SCZ) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remains unclear. This study aims to ascertain if distinct EF patterns can be identified between each clinical condition by comparing the neuropsychological profile of adults with SCZ and ASD, for whom the differential diagnosis is still highly challenging. Forty-five individuals (15 SCZ, 15 ASD, 15 controls) matched for age, sex, education level, and handedness underwent intelligence evaluation and neuropsychological testing for working memory, inhibition, planning and set-shifting, and verbal fluency subdomains. Principal component analysis (2D-PCA) using variables representing 4 domains was employed to identify patterns in neuropsychological profiles. The ASD group had lower scores on the Digits Forward subtest compared to the SCZ group (7.2 ± 2.1 vs. 9.3 ± 1.9, p = 0.003; Cohen's d: 1.05). ASD also performed significantly worse on the Stroop Word Test compared to the control group (77.7± 17.9 vs. 98.0 ± 12.7, p = 0.009; Cohen's d: 1.31). No significant differences were observed between ASD and SCZ on other EF measures. The larger contributors for the dimensions in 2D-PCA were the Digits Forward subtest and Stroop Word Test. Still, there was substantial overlap between the clinical groups. This study suggests a high degree of similarity of EF between SCZ and ASD. Through four EF measures, the discrimination of low and high-functioning EF groups spanning both diagnostic categories may help to identify the individuals who could better benefit from cognitive rehabilitation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Morais
- Psychiatry Department, Coimbra Hospital and University Centre, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Otília C. d’Almeida
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Salomé Caldeira
- Psychology Department, Coimbra Hospital and University Centre, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sofia Meneses
- Psychology Department, Coimbra Hospital and University Centre, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Graça Areias
- Psychology Department, Coimbra Hospital and University Centre, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Vanessa Girão
- Faculty of Psychological and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Catarina Bettencourt
- Faculty of Psychological and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Centre for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention (CINEICC), Faculty of Psychological and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Daniela Jardim Pereira
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Neurorradiology Functional Area, Imaging Department, Coimbra Hospital and University Center, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - António Macedo
- Psychiatry Department, Coimbra Hospital and University Centre, Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Miguel Castelo-Branco
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Chen Y, Li W, Lv L, Yue W. Shared Genetic Determinants of Schizophrenia and Autism Spectrum Disorder Implicate Opposite Risk Patterns: A Genome-Wide Analysis of Common Variants. Schizophr Bull 2024:sbae044. [PMID: 38616054 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbae044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS The synaptic pruning hypothesis posits that schizophrenia (SCZ) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may represent opposite ends of neurodevelopmental disorders: individuals with ASD exhibit an overabundance of synapses and connections while SCZ was characterized by excessive pruning of synapses and a reduction. Given the strong genetic predisposition of both disorders, we propose a shared genetic component, with certain loci having differential regulatory impacts. STUDY DESIGN Genome-Wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data of European descent from SCZ (N cases = 53 386, N controls = 77 258) and ASD (N cases = 18 381, N controls = 27 969) were analyzed. We used genetic correlation, bivariate causal mixture model, conditional false discovery rate method, colocalization, Transcriptome-Wide Association Study (TWAS), and Phenome-Wide Association Study (PheWAS) to investigate the genetic overlap and gene expression pattern. STUDY RESULTS We found a positive genetic correlation between SCZ and ASD (rg = .26, SE = 0.01, P = 7.87e-14), with 11 genomic loci jointly influencing both conditions (conjFDR <0.05). Functional analysis highlights a significant enrichment of shared genes during early to mid-fetal developmental stages. A notable genetic region on chromosome 17q21.31 (lead SNP rs2696609) showed strong evidence of colocalization (PP.H4.abf = 0.85). This SNP rs2696609 is linked to many imaging-derived brain phenotypes. TWAS indicated opposing gene expression patterns (primarily pseudogenes and long noncoding RNAs [lncRNAs]) for ASD and SCZ in the 17q21.31 region and some genes (LRRC37A4P, LINC02210, and DND1P1) exhibit considerable variation in the cerebellum across the lifespan. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support a shared genetic basis for SCZ and ASD. A common genetic variant, rs2696609, located in the Chr17q21.31 locus, may exert differential risk regulation on SCZ and ASD by altering brain structure. Future studies should focus on the role of pseudogenes, lncRNAs, and cerebellum in synaptic pruning and neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Key Lab of Biological Psychiatry, International Joint Research Laboratory for Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and Treatment of Mental Disorder, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Wenqiang Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Key Lab of Biological Psychiatry, International Joint Research Laboratory for Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and Treatment of Mental Disorder, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Luxian Lv
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Key Lab of Biological Psychiatry, International Joint Research Laboratory for Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and Treatment of Mental Disorder, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Province People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Weihua Yue
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Diagnosis and Treatment of Mood Cognitive Disorder (2018RU006), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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5
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da Rosa ALST, Bezerra OS, Rohde LA, Graeff-Martins AS. Exploring clozapine use in severe psychiatric symptoms associated with autism spectrum disorder: A scoping review. J Psychopharmacol 2024; 38:324-343. [PMID: 38576151 DOI: 10.1177/02698811241241384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may experience severe psychiatric symptoms, often unresponsive to conventional pharmacological therapies, highlighting the need for more effective alternatives. AIMS This study aims to map and synthesize evidence on the use of clozapine as a therapeutic option for managing severe psychiatric symptomatology co-occurring with ASD. METHODS We conducted a scoping review on multiple sources following the JBI guidelines. The search strategy was inclusive, targeting both peer-reviewed publications and gray literature presenting empirical data on the use of clozapine therapy for patients with ASD accompanied by comorbid psychiatric symptoms. Two independent evaluators performed the selection of studies, data extraction, and critical appraisal. RESULTS The review included 46 studies, encompassing 122 ASD individuals who received clozapine therapy. The sources of evidence comprise 31 case reports, 8 case series, 6 retrospective observational studies, and 1 quasi-experimental prospective study. The tables present the findings along with a narrative summary. Clozapine treatment demonstrated benefits in four groups of severe and treatment-resistant psychiatric symptoms in ASD patients: disruptive behaviors, psychotic symptoms, catatonia, and mood symptoms. Although side effects were common, tolerability was generally satisfactory. However, severe adverse events, such as seizures, moderate neutropenia, and myocarditis, underscore the need for intensive clinical monitoring. CONCLUSIONS While clozapine shows promise as a pharmacological intervention for severe psychopathologies in ASD, more rigorous clinical studies are required to elucidate its efficacy and safety in this population. The limited robustness of the evidence calls for caution, signaling an early research stage into this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Luiz Schuh Teixeira da Rosa
- Graduate Program of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Olivia Sorato Bezerra
- Child Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luis Augusto Rohde
- Graduate Program of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ana Soledade Graeff-Martins
- Graduate Program of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Lundin NB, Blouin AM, Cowan HR, Moe AM, Wastler HM, Breitborde NJK. Identification of Psychosis Risk and Diagnosis of First-Episode Psychosis: Advice for Clinicians. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2024; 17:1365-1383. [PMID: 38529082 PMCID: PMC10962362 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s423865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Early detection of psychotic-spectrum disorders among adolescents and young adults is crucial, as the initial years after psychotic symptom onset encompass a critical period in which psychosocial and pharmacological interventions are most effective. Moreover, clinicians and researchers in recent decades have thoroughly characterized psychosis-risk syndromes, in which youth are experiencing early warning signs indicative of heightened risk for developing a psychotic disorder. These insights have created opportunities for intervention even earlier in the illness course, ideally culminating in the prevention or mitigation of psychosis onset. However, identification and diagnosis of early signs of psychosis can be complex, as clinical presentations are heterogeneous, and psychotic symptoms exist on a continuum. When a young person presents to a clinic, it may be unclear whether they are experiencing common, mild psychotic-like symptoms, early warning signs of psychosis, overt psychotic symptoms, or symptoms better accounted for by a non-psychotic disorder. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to provide a framework for clinicians, including those who treat non-psychotic disorders and those in primary care settings, for guiding identification and diagnosis of early psychosis within the presenting clinic or via referral to a specialty clinic. We first provide descriptions and examples of first-episode psychosis (FEP) and psychosis-risk syndromes, as well as assessment tools used to diagnose these conditions. Next, we provide guidance as to the differential diagnosis of conditions which have phenotypic overlap with psychotic disorders, while considering the possibility of co-occurring symptoms in which case transdiagnostic treatments are encouraged. Finally, we conclude with an overview of early detection screening and outreach campaigns, which should be further optimized to reduce the duration of untreated psychosis among youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy B Lundin
- Early Psychosis Intervention Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alexandra M Blouin
- Early Psychosis Intervention Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Henry R Cowan
- Early Psychosis Intervention Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Aubrey M Moe
- Early Psychosis Intervention Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Heather M Wastler
- Early Psychosis Intervention Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nicholas J K Breitborde
- Early Psychosis Intervention Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Guerrera S, Pontillo M, Chieppa F, Passarini S, Di Vincenzo C, Casula L, Di Luzio M, Valeri G, Vicari S. Autism Spectrum Disorder and Early Psychosis: a narrative review from a neurodevelopmental perspective. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1362511. [PMID: 38571993 PMCID: PMC10987738 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1362511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), characterized by socio-communicative abnormalities and restricted, repetitive, and stereotyped behaviors, is part of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (NDDs), a diagnostic category distinctly in accordance with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition, (DSM-5), clearly separated from Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder (SSD) (schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, schizoaffective disorder, schizotypal personality disorder). Over the last four decades, this clear distinction is gradually being replaced, describing ASD and SSD as two heterogeneous conditions but with neurodevelopmental origins and overlaps. Referring to the proposal of a neurodevelopmental continuum model, the current research's aim is to provide an update of the knowledge to date on the course of clinical symptoms and their overlaps among ASD and SSD. A narrative review of the literature published between January 2010 and June 2023 was conducted. Five studies were included. All studies show a global impairment in both conditions. Two studies show a focus on neurodevelopmental perspective in ASD and SSD. Only one study of these adopts a longitudinal prospective in terms of prognostic markers among ASD and SSD. Three studies underline the overlap between ASD and SSD in terms of negative, disorganized and positive symptomatology. To date, there is a gap in the current scientific literature focused on ASD-SSD course of clinical symptoms and their overlaps from a neurodevelopmental perspective. Future longitudinal studies to identify risk markers and tailored treatments are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Guerrera
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Pontillo
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Chieppa
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Passarini
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Di Vincenzo
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Casula
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Michelangelo Di Luzio
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Valeri
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Vicari
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Life Sciences and Public Health Department, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
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García-Cerro S, Gómez-Garrido A, Garcia G, Crespo-Facorro B, Brites D. Exploratory Analysis of MicroRNA Alterations in a Neurodevelopmental Mouse Model for Autism Spectrum Disorder and Schizophrenia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2786. [PMID: 38474035 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in the regulation of gene expression levels and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia (SCZ). In this study, we examined the adult expression profiles of specific miRNAs in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of a neurodevelopmental mouse model for ASD and SCZ that mimics perinatal pathology, such as NMDA receptor hypofunction, and exhibits behavioral and neurophysiological phenotypes related to these disorders during adulthood. To model the early neuropathogenesis of the disorders, mouse pups were administered subcutaneously with ketamine (30 mg/Kg) at postnatal days 7, 9, and 11. We focused on a set of miRNAs most frequently altered in ASD (miR-451a and miR-486-3p) and in SCZ (miR-132-3p and miR-137-3p) according to human studies. Additionally, we explored miRNAs whose alterations have been identified in both disorders (miR-21-5p, miR-92a-2-5p, miR-144-3p, and miR-146a-5p). We placed particular emphasis on studying the sexual dimorphism in the dynamics of these miRNAs. Our findings revealed significant alterations in the PFC of this ASD- and SCZ-like mouse model. Specifically, we observed upregulated miR-451a and downregulated miR-137-3p. Furthermore, we identified sexual dimorphism in the expression of miR-132-3p, miR-137-3p, and miR-92a-2-5p. From a translational perspective, our results emphasize the potential involvement of miR-92a-2-5p, miR-132-3p, miR-137-3p, and miR-451a in the pathophysiology of ASD and SCZ and strengthen their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets of such disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana García-Cerro
- Translational Psychiatry Group, Ibis-Biomedicine Institute of Sevilla-CSIC, Manuel Siurot AV, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Spanish Network for Research in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Monforte de Lemos AV, 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Gómez-Garrido
- Translational Psychiatry Group, Ibis-Biomedicine Institute of Sevilla-CSIC, Manuel Siurot AV, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Spanish Network for Research in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Monforte de Lemos AV, 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gonçalo Garcia
- Neuroinflammation, Signaling and Neuroregeneration Lab, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- Translational Psychiatry Group, Ibis-Biomedicine Institute of Sevilla-CSIC, Manuel Siurot AV, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Spanish Network for Research in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Monforte de Lemos AV, 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Mental Health Unit, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Manuel Siurot AV, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Seville, Sánchez Pizjuán AV, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Dora Brites
- Neuroinflammation, Signaling and Neuroregeneration Lab, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
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9
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Walker EF, Aberizk K, Yuan E, Bilgrami Z, Ku BS, Guest RM. Developmental perspectives on the origins of psychotic disorders: The need for a transdiagnostic approach. Dev Psychopathol 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38406831 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579424000397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Research on serious mental disorders, particularly psychosis, has revealed highly variable symptom profiles and developmental trajectories prior to illness-onset. As Dante Cicchetti pointed out decades before the term "transdiagnostic" was widely used, the pathways to psychopathology emerge in a system involving equifinality and multifinality. Like most other psychological disorders, psychosis is associated with multiple domains of risk factors, both genetic and environmental, and there are many transdiagnostic developmental pathways that can lead to psychotic syndromes. In this article, we discuss our current understanding of heterogeneity in the etiology of psychosis and its implications for approaches to conceptualizing etiology and research. We highlight the need for examining risk factors at multiple levels and to increase the emphasis on transdiagnostic developmental trajectories as a key variable associated with etiologic subtypes. This will be increasingly feasible now that large, longitudinal datasets are becoming available and researchers have access to more sophisticated analytic tools, such as machine learning, which can identify more homogenous subtypes with the ultimate goal of enhancing options for treatment and preventive intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine F Walker
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Katrina Aberizk
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Emerald Yuan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Zarina Bilgrami
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Benson S Ku
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ryan M Guest
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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10
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Yilmaz Sukranli Z, Korkmaz Bayram K, Mehmetbeyoglu E, Doganyigit Z, Beyaz F, Sener EF, Taheri S, Ozkul Y, Rassoulzadegan M. Trans Species RNA Activity: Sperm RNA of the Father of an Autistic Child Programs Glial Cells and Behavioral Disorders in Mice. Biomolecules 2024; 14:201. [PMID: 38397438 PMCID: PMC10886764 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, we described the alteration of six miRNAs in the serum of autistic children, their fathers, mothers, siblings, and in the sperm of autistic mouse models. Studies in model organisms suggest that noncoding RNAs participate in transcriptional modulation pathways. Using mice, approaches to alter the amount of RNA in fertilized eggs enable in vivo intervention at an early stage of development. Noncoding RNAs are very numerous in spermatozoa. Our study addresses a fundamental question: can the transfer of RNA content from sperm to eggs result in changes in phenotypic traits, such as autism? To explore this, we used sperm RNA from a normal father but with autistic children to create mouse models for autism. Here, we induced, in a single step by microinjecting sperm RNA into fertilized mouse eggs, a transcriptional alteration with the transformation in adults of glial cells into cells affected by astrogliosis and microgliosis developing deficiency disorders of the 'autism-like' type in mice born following these manipulations. Human sperm RNA alters gene expression in mice, and validates the possibility of non-Mendelian inheritance in autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Yilmaz Sukranli
- Betul-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Keziban Korkmaz Bayram
- Betul-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara 06010, Turkey
| | - Ecmel Mehmetbeyoglu
- Betul-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Zuleyha Doganyigit
- Histology and Embryology Department, Medical Faculty, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat 66700, Turkey
| | - Feyzullah Beyaz
- Histology and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Elif Funda Sener
- Betul-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Serpil Taheri
- Betul-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Ozkul
- Betul-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Minoo Rassoulzadegan
- Betul-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
- The National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d’Azur, Inserm, 06000 Nice, France
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11
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Idei H, Yamashita Y. Elucidating multifinal and equifinal pathways to developmental disorders by constructing real-world neurorobotic models. Neural Netw 2024; 169:57-74. [PMID: 37857173 DOI: 10.1016/j.neunet.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Vigorous research has been conducted to accumulate biological and theoretical knowledge about neurodevelopmental disorders, including molecular, neural, computational, and behavioral characteristics; however, these findings remain fragmentary and do not elucidate integrated mechanisms. An obstacle is the heterogeneity of developmental pathways causing clinical phenotypes. Additionally, in symptom formations, the primary causes and consequences of developmental learning processes are often indistinguishable. Herein, we review developmental neurorobotic experiments tackling problems related to the dynamic and complex properties of neurodevelopmental disorders. Specifically, we focus on neurorobotic models under predictive processing lens for the study of developmental disorders. By constructing neurorobotic models with predictive processing mechanisms of learning, perception, and action, we can simulate formations of integrated causal relationships among neurodynamical, computational, and behavioral characteristics in the robot agents while considering developmental learning processes. This framework has the potential to bind neurobiological hypotheses (excitation-inhibition imbalance and functional disconnection), computational accounts (unusual encoding of uncertainty), and clinical symptoms. Developmental neurorobotic approaches may serve as a complementary research framework for integrating fragmented knowledge and overcoming the heterogeneity of neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Idei
- Department of Information Medicine, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Yuichi Yamashita
- Department of Information Medicine, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan.
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12
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Waddington JL. From operational diagnostic to dimensional-continuum concepts of psychotic and non-psychotic illness: Embracing catatonia across psychopathology and intrinsic movement disorder in neural network dysfunction. Schizophr Res 2024; 263:99-108. [PMID: 36244867 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Psychiatry is currently negotiating several challenges that are typified by (but are not unique to) schizophrenia: do periodic refinements in operational diagnostic algorithms (a) resolve intricacies and subtleties within and between psychotic and non-psychotic disorders that are authentic and impactful, or (b) constitute arbitrary and porous boundaries that should be complemented, or even replaced, by dimensional-continuum concepts of abnormality and dysfunction. Critically, these issues relate not only to apparent boundaries between diagnoses but also to those between 'health' and 'illness'. This article considers catatonia within evolving dimensional-continuum approaches to the description of impairment and dysfunction among psychotic and non-psychotic disorders. It begins by considering the definition and assessment of catatonia vis-à-vis other disorders, followed by its long-standing conjunction with schizophrenia, relationship with antipsychotic drug treatment, transdiagnostic perspectives and relationships, and pathobiological processes. These appear to involve dysfunction across elements in overlapping neural networks that result in a confluence of psychopathology and intrinsic hypo- and hyperkinetic motor dysfunction. It has been argued that while current diagnostic approaches can have utility in defining groups of cases that are closely related, contemporary evidence indicates categorical diagnoses to be arbitrary divisions of what is essentially a continuous landscape. Psychotic and non-psychotic diagnoses, including catatonia, may reflect arbitrary areas around points of intersection between orthogonal dimensions of psychopathology and intrinsic movement disorder in a poly-dimensional space that characterises this continuous landscape of mental health and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Waddington
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research & Therapy for Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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13
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Mishra BR, Biswas T, Chakraborty R, Bhoi R, Ranjan R, Pattojoshi A. Maintenance Electroconvulsive Therapy in Autism Spectrum Disorder With Comorbid Psychosis Presenting With Recurrent Pharmaco-Resistant Catatonia: A Case Report. J ECT 2023:00124509-990000000-00127. [PMID: 38194596 DOI: 10.1097/yct.0000000000000987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
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14
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Di Luzio M, Pontillo M, Villa M, Attardi AG, Bellantoni D, Di Vincenzo C, Vicari S. Clinical features and comorbidity in very early-onset schizophrenia: a systematic review. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1270799. [PMID: 38152354 PMCID: PMC10752227 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1270799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Very early-onset schizophrenia (VEOS) is a form of schizophrenia that manifests before the age of 13 years and is characterized by the presence of positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms. The condition is exceptionally rare and, to date, limited studies have been conducted, resulting in incomplete information about its clinical features. Methods The present study involves a systematic review of the existing literature regarding the clinical features and comorbidities of VEOS. Results The first search retrieved 384 studies. Of these, 366 were removed following the application of exclusion criteria, resulting in 18 studies for the final set. Conclusion The results highlight that VEOS shares similarities with early-onset and adult-onset schizophrenia but also exhibits distinct and recognizable characteristics, including a more severe clinical profile (particularly in females), increased visual hallucinations, and high comorbidities with neurodevelopmental disorders. These findings may support clinicians in formulating early diagnoses and developing effective treatment strategies for pediatric and adolescent patients with psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelangelo Di Luzio
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Pontillo
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marianna Villa
- Life Sciences and Public Health Department, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Gaia Attardi
- Department of Human Pathology of the Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi", Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- School of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, PROMISE Department, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Domenica Bellantoni
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Di Vincenzo
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Vicari
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Life Sciences and Public Health Department, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
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15
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Smolen C, Jensen M, Dyer L, Pizzo L, Tyryshkina A, Banerjee D, Rohan L, Huber E, El Khattabi L, Prontera P, Caberg JH, Van Dijck A, Schwartz C, Faivre L, Callier P, Mosca-Boidron AL, Lefebvre M, Pope K, Snell P, Lockhart PJ, Castiglia L, Galesi O, Avola E, Mattina T, Fichera M, Luana Mandarà GM, Bruccheri MG, Pichon O, Le Caignec C, Stoeva R, Cuinat S, Mercier S, Bénéteau C, Blesson S, Nordsletten A, Martin-Coignard D, Sistermans E, Kooy RF, Amor DJ, Romano C, Isidor B, Juusola J, Girirajan S. Assortative mating and parental genetic relatedness contribute to the pathogenicity of variably expressive variants. Am J Hum Genet 2023; 110:2015-2028. [PMID: 37979581 PMCID: PMC10716518 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2023.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined more than 97,000 families from four neurodevelopmental disease cohorts and the UK Biobank to identify phenotypic and genetic patterns in parents contributing to neurodevelopmental disease risk in children. We identified within- and cross-disorder correlations between six phenotypes in parents and children, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (R = 0.32-0.38, p < 10-126). We also found that measures of sub-clinical autism features in parents are associated with several autism severity measures in children, including biparental mean Social Responsiveness Scale scores and proband Repetitive Behaviors Scale scores (regression coefficient = 0.14, p = 3.38 × 10-4). We further describe patterns of phenotypic similarity between spouses, where spouses show correlations for six neurological and psychiatric phenotypes, including a within-disorder correlation for depression (R = 0.24-0.68, p < 0.001) and a cross-disorder correlation between anxiety and bipolar disorder (R = 0.09-0.22, p < 10-92). Using a simulated population, we also found that assortative mating can lead to increases in disease liability over generations and the appearance of "genetic anticipation" in families carrying rare variants. We identified several families in a neurodevelopmental disease cohort where the proband inherited multiple rare variants in disease-associated genes from each of their affected parents. We further identified parental relatedness as a risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders through its inverse relationship with variant pathogenicity and propose that parental relatedness modulates disease risk by increasing genome-wide homozygosity in children (R = 0.05-0.26, p < 0.05). Our results highlight the utility of assessing parent phenotypes and genotypes toward predicting features in children who carry rare variably expressive variants and implicate assortative mating as a risk factor for increased disease severity in these families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrine Smolen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Bioinformatics and Genomics Graduate program, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Matthew Jensen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Bioinformatics and Genomics Graduate program, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | | | - Lucilla Pizzo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Anastasia Tyryshkina
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Deepro Banerjee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Bioinformatics and Genomics Graduate program, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Laura Rohan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Emily Huber
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Laila El Khattabi
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Medical Genetics, Armand Trousseau and Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospitals, Paris, France
| | - Paolo Prontera
- Medical Genetics Unit, Hospital "Santa Maria della Misericordia", Perugia, Italy
| | - Jean-Hubert Caberg
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège. Domaine Universitaire du Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Anke Van Dijck
- Department of Medical Genetics, University and University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Laurence Faivre
- Centre de Genetique et Cenre de Référence Anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs, Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France; GAD INSERM UMR1231, FHU TRANSLAD, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Patrick Callier
- Centre de Genetique et Cenre de Référence Anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs, Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France; GAD INSERM UMR1231, FHU TRANSLAD, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | | | - Mathilde Lefebvre
- GAD INSERM UMR1231, FHU TRANSLAD, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Kate Pope
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Penny Snell
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul J Lockhart
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Bruce Lefroy Center, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lucia Castiglia
- Research Unit of Rare Diseases and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
| | - Ornella Galesi
- Research Unit of Rare Diseases and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
| | - Emanuela Avola
- Research Unit of Rare Diseases and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
| | - Teresa Mattina
- Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Fichera
- Research Unit of Rare Diseases and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | | | - Maria Grazia Bruccheri
- Research Unit of Rare Diseases and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
| | - Olivier Pichon
- CHU Nantes, Department of Medical Genetics, Nantes, France
| | - Cedric Le Caignec
- CHU Toulouse, Department of Medical Genetics, Toulouse, France; ToNIC, Toulouse Neuro Imaging, Center, Inserm, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Radka Stoeva
- Service de Cytogenetique, CHU de Le Mans, Le Mans, France
| | | | - Sandra Mercier
- CHU Nantes, Department of Medical Genetics, Nantes, France
| | | | - Sophie Blesson
- Department of Genetics, Bretonneau University Hospital, Tours, France
| | | | | | - Erik Sistermans
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - R Frank Kooy
- Department of Medical Genetics, University and University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - David J Amor
- Bruce Lefroy Center, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Corrado Romano
- Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; Medical Genetics, ASP Ragusa, Ragusa, Italy
| | | | | | - Santhosh Girirajan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Bioinformatics and Genomics Graduate program, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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16
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Ozbek SU, Sut E, Bora E. Comparison of social cognition and neurocognition in schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 155:105441. [PMID: 37923237 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This report aimed to compare group differences in social and non-social cognition in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and schizophrenia, and examine the influence of age and other factors on group differences. METHODS Literature searches were conducted in Pubmed and Web of Science from January 1980 to August 2022. Original research articles reporting objective measures of cognition were selected. RESULTS 57 articles involving 1864 patients with schizophrenia and 1716 patients with ASD have been included. Schizophrenia was associated with more severe non-social-cognitive impairment, particularly in fluency (g=0.47;CI[0.17-0.76]) and processing speed domains (g=0.41;CI[0.20-0.62]). Poorer performance in social cognition (Z = 3.68,p = 0.0002) and non-social cognition (Z = 2.48,p = 0.01) in schizophrenia were significantly related to older age. ASD was associated with more severe social cognitive impairment when groups were matched for non-social-cognition (g=-0.18, p = 0.04) or reasoning/problem solving (g=-0,62; CI [-1,06-(-0.08)]. DISCUSSION While both disorders present with social and non-social cognitive impairments, the pattern and developmental trajectories of these deficits are different. The limitations included heterogeneity of the cognitive measures, and the lack of sufficient information about antipsychotic use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ekin Sut
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Emre Bora
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey; Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton South, Victoria 3053, Australia; Department of Neurosciences, Health Sciences Institute, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey.
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17
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Martzoukou M, Papadopoulos D, Kosmidis MH. Syntactic and affective prosody recognition: Schizophrenia vs. Autism spectrum disorders. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292325. [PMID: 37796902 PMCID: PMC10553311 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with a recent diagnosis of schizophrenia and individuals receiving a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder without accompanying intellectual impairment (ASD w/o intellectual impairment) during their adulthood share several clinical characteristics. Exploring under-investigated aspects of these two clinical conditions may shed light on their possible connection and facilitate differential diagnosis at very early stages. To this end, we explored the ability of 15 adults with a recent diagnosis of schizophrenia, 15 individuals diagnosed with ASD w/o intellectual impairment as adults, and 15 healthy adults to resolve sentence ambiguities with the use of syntactic prosody, and to decode happiness, anger, sadness, surprise, fear, and neutrality based on affective prosody. Results revealed intact perception of syntactic prosody in adults with schizophrenia, but impaired affective prosody recognition, which could be attributed, however, to emotion processing difficulties overall. On the other hand, individuals with ASD w/o intellectual impairment were impaired on prosody comprehension per se, as evidenced in the most challenging conditions, namely the subject-reading condition and the emotion of surprise. The differences in prosody comprehension ability between the two clinical conditions may serve as an indicator, among other signs, during the diagnostic evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Martzoukou
- Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Papadopoulos
- Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Mary H. Kosmidis
- Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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18
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Lai MC. Mental health challenges faced by autistic people. Nat Hum Behav 2023; 7:1620-1637. [PMID: 37864080 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-023-01718-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Mental health challenges impede the well-being of autistic people. This Review outlines contributing neurodevelopmental and physical health conditions, rates and developmental trajectories of mental health challenges experienced by autistic people, as well as unique clinical presentations. A framework is proposed to consider four contributing themes to aid personalized formulation: social-contextual determinants, adverse life experiences, autistic cognitive features, and shared genetic and early environmental predispositions. Current evidence-based and clinical-knowledge-informed intervention guidance and ongoing development of support are highlighted for specific mental health areas. Tailored mental health support for autistic people should be neurodivergence-informed, which is fundamentally humanistic and compatible with the prevailing bio-psycho-social frameworks. The personalized formulation should be holistic, considering physical health and transdiagnostic neurodevelopmental factors, intellectual and communication abilities, and contextual-experiential determinants and their interplay with autistic cognition and biology, alongside resilience. Supporting family well-being is integral. Mutual empathic understanding is fundamental to creating societies in which people across neurotypes are all empowered to thrive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Chuan Lai
- Margaret and Wallace McCain Centre for Child, Youth & Family Mental Health and Azrieli Adult Neurodevelopmental Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
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19
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Li Y, Zhu M, Chen WX, Luo J, Li X, Cao Y, Zheng M, Ma S, Xiao Z, Zhang Y, Jiang L, Wang X, Tan T, Li X, Gong Q, Xiong X, Wang J, Tang M, Li M, Tang YP. A novel mutation in intron 1 of Wnt1 causes developmental loss of dopaminergic neurons in midbrain and ASD-like behaviors in rats. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:3795-3805. [PMID: 37658228 PMCID: PMC10730402 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02223-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of neurodevelopmental disorders with a strong genetic liability. Despite extensive studies, however, the underlying pathogenic mechanism still remains elusive. In the present study, we identified a homozygous mutation in the intron 1 of Wnt1 via large-scale screening of ASD risk/causative genes and verified that this mutation created a new splicing donor site in the intron 1, and consequently, a decrease of WNT1 expression. Interestingly, humanized rat models harboring this mutation exhibited robust ASD-like behaviors including impaired ultrasonic vocalization (USV), decreased social interactions, and restricted and repetitive behaviors. Moreover, in the substantia nigra compacta (SNpc) and the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of mutant rats, dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons were dramatically lost, together with a comparable decrease in striatal DAergic fibers. Furthermore, using single-cell RNA sequencing, we demonstrated that the decreased DAergic neurons in these midbrain areas might attribute to a shift of the boundary of the local pool of progenitor cells from the hypothalamic floor plate to the midbrain floor plate during the early embryonic stage. Moreover, treatments of mutant rats with levodopa could attenuate the impaired USV and social interactions almost completely, but not the restricted and repetitive behaviors. Our results for the first time documented that the developmental loss of DAergic neurons in the midbrain underlies the pathogenesis of ASD, and that the abnormal progenitor cell patterning is a cellular underpinning for this developmental DAergic neuronal loss. Importantly, the effective dopamine therapy suggests a translational significance in the treatment of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyi Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Mingwei Zhu
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Chen
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Jing Luo
- School of Basic Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Xin Li
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Yangyang Cao
- Department of Child Health, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Meng Zheng
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Shanshan Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhilan Xiao
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Yani Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Linyan Jiang
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Xiumin Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Ting Tan
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Xia Li
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Qian Gong
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Xiaoli Xiong
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Child Health, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Mingxi Tang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China.
| | - Mingtao Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Ya-Ping Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China.
- Department of Child Health, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
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20
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Irie S, Tachibana A, Matsuo A. Association between Reaction Times in the Joint Simon Task and Personality Traits. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1207. [PMID: 37626563 PMCID: PMC10452160 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13081207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Joint go and no-go effects (joint Simon effects; JSEs) are considered to have a stimulus-response compatibility effect on joint reaction time tasks (joint Simon task) caused by the presence of other people. Additionally, JSEs are known to be associated with various social factors and are therefore a potential clinical marker for communicative function; however, the relationship with the personality that is associated with communication skills remains unclear. In this study, we focused on the association between JSE and personality traits. Thirty Japanese participants (fifteen women) were recruited. First, personality trait scores were obtained using the Japanese version of the ten-item personality inventory before the experiment. Second, we measured reaction times in the joint Simon task and single go and no-go tasks with the go signal presented on the congruent and incongruent sides. At last, we analyzed the association between reaction times and personality traits by using Spearman's correlation analysis. As a result, we observed two pairs with significant correlations: JSE and neuroticism and short reaction times in the joint condition and agreeableness. In conclusion, we identified potential psychological markers associated with the joint Simon task. These findings may lead to an additional hypothesis regarding the neurobiological mechanisms of JSEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Irie
- Division for Smart Healthcare Research, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
| | | | - Akiko Matsuo
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan;
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21
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Demler VF, Sterner EF, Wilson M, Zimmer C, Knolle F. Association between increased anterior cingulate glutamate and psychotic-like experiences, but not autistic traits in healthy volunteers. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12792. [PMID: 37550354 PMCID: PMC10406950 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39881-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite many differences, autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia spectrum disorder share environmental risk factors, genetic predispositions as well as neuronal abnormalities, and show similar cognitive deficits in working memory, perspective taking, or response inhibition. These shared abnormalities are already present in subclinical traits of these disorders. The literature proposes that changes in the inhibitory GABAergic and the excitatory glutamatergic system could explain underlying neuronal commonalities and differences. Using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS), we investigated the associations between glutamate concentrations in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), the left/right putamen, and left/right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and psychotic-like experiences (Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire) and autistic traits (Autism Spectrum Quotient) in 53 healthy individuals (26 women). To investigate the contributions of glutamate concentrations in different cortical regions to symptom expression and their interactions, we used linear regression analyses. We found that only glutamate concentration in the ACC predicted psychotic-like experiences, but not autistic traits. Supporting this finding, a binomial logistic regression predicting median-split high and low risk groups for psychotic-like experiences revealed ACC glutamate levels as a significant predictor for group membership. Taken together, this study provides evidence that glutamate levels in the ACC are specifically linked to the expression of psychotic-like experiences, and may be a potential candidate in identifying early risk individuals prone to developing psychotic-like experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena F Demler
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Elisabeth F Sterner
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Wilson
- Centre for Human Brain Health and School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Claus Zimmer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Franziska Knolle
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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22
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Roulet Perez E. Precision or narrative medicine? Child neurology needs both! Arch Pediatr 2023:S0929-693X(23)00099-4. [PMID: 37414714 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Precision medicine aims to understand the mechanisms of diseases and to find treatments adapted to each individual or group of patients, on the basis of biological characteristics and environment. It uses new tools based on digital technologies. Narrative medicine was theorized, in the 2000s, as a reaction to the increasing technicality and the notion of a lack of human relations in care: It focuses on recognizing the essential place of the patient's experience of illness and life history in the diagnosis and management of diseases as well as in the training of caregivers. These two opposite currents are rarely considered together. In fact, they have in common the basic principle that each patient is unique, and both are often more closely intertwined than we think, especially in the field of child neurology. Five case histories and discussions presented here aim to demonstrate that combining the precision approach with the narrative approach can improve the diagnosis, treatment, classification, and understanding of neurological conditions, as well as enhance the dialog with families and make teaching more meaningful. Not only rare diseases but common problems, such as paroxysmal events, pain, epilepsy, intellectual disability, and autism spectrum disorder, are addressed from both perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliane Roulet Perez
- Pediatric Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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23
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Konstantin GE, Nordgaard J, Henriksen MG. Methodological issues in social cognition research in autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia spectrum disorder: a systematic review. Psychol Med 2023; 53:3281-3292. [PMID: 37161884 PMCID: PMC10277762 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723001095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses conclude that similar social cognitive impairments are found in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD). While methodological issues have been mentioned as a limitation, no study has yet explored the magnitude of methodological heterogeneity across these studies and its potential impact for their conclusion. The purpose of this study was to systematically review studies comparing social cognitive impairments in ASD and SSD with a focus on methodology. Following the PRISMA guidelines, we searched all publications on PubMed, PsycINFO, and Embase. Of the 765 studies identified in our data base searches, 21 cross-sectional studies were included in the review. We found significant methodological heterogeneity across the studies. In the 21 studies, a total of 37 different measures of social cognition were used, 25 of which were only used in 1 study. Across studies, the same measure was often said to be assessing different constructs of social cognition - a confusion that seems to reflect the ambiguous definitions of what these measures test in the studies that introduced them. Moreover, inadequate differential diagnostic assessment of ASD samples was found in 81% of the studies, and sample characteristics were markedly varied. The ASD and SSD groups were also often unmatched in terms of medication usage and substance use disorder history. Future studies must address these methodological issues before a definite conclusion can be drawn about the potential similarity of social cognitive impairments in ASD and SSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace E. Konstantin
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Research Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Department of Psychology, The State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, USA
- Mental Health Center Amager, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Julie Nordgaard
- Mental Health Center Amager, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mads Gram Henriksen
- Mental Health Center Amager, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Subjectivity Research, Department of Communication, Faculty of Humanities, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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24
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Itahashi T, Yamashita A, Takahara Y, Yahata N, Aoki YY, Fujino J, Yoshihara Y, Nakamura M, Aoki R, Ohta H, Sakai Y, Takamura M, Ichikawa N, Okada G, Okada N, Kasai K, Tanaka SC, Imamizu H, Kato N, Okamoto Y, Takahashi H, Kawato M, Yamashita O, Hashimoto RI. Generalizable neuromarker for autism spectrum disorder across imaging sites and developmental stages: A multi-site study. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.26.534053. [PMID: 37034620 PMCID: PMC10081283 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.26.534053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a lifelong condition, and its underlying biological mechanisms remain elusive. The complexity of various factors, including inter-site and development-related differences, makes it challenging to develop generalizable neuroimaging-based biomarkers for ASD. This study used a large-scale, multi-site dataset of 730 Japanese adults to develop a generalizable neuromarker for ASD across independent sites (U.S., Belgium, and Japan) and different developmental stages (children and adolescents). Our adult ASD neuromarker achieved successful generalization for the US and Belgium adults (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.70) and Japanese adults (AUC = 0.81). The neuromarker demonstrated significant generalization for children (AUC = 0.66) and adolescents (AUC = 0.71; all P < 0.05 , family-wise-error corrected). We identified 141 functional connections (FCs) important for discriminating individuals with ASD from TDCs. These FCs largely centered on social brain regions such as the amygdala, hippocampus, dorsomedial and ventromedial prefrontal cortices, and temporal cortices. Finally, we mapped schizophrenia (SCZ) and major depressive disorder (MDD) onto the biological axis defined by the neuromarker and explored the biological continuity of ASD with SCZ and MDD. We observed that SCZ, but not MDD, was located proximate to ASD on the biological dimension defined by the ASD neuromarker. The successful generalization in multifarious datasets and the observed relations of ASD with SCZ on the biological dimensions provide new insights for a deeper understanding of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Itahashi
- Medical Institute of Developmental Disabilities Research, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayumu Yamashita
- Brain Information Communication Research Laboratory Group, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International, Kyoto, Japan
- Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Takahara
- Brain Information Communication Research Laboratory Group, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International, Kyoto, Japan
- Laboratory for Drug Discovery and Disease Research, SHIONOGI & CO., LTD, Osaka, Japan
| | - Noriaki Yahata
- Brain Information Communication Research Laboratory Group, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International, Kyoto, Japan
- Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Y. Aoki
- Medical Institute of Developmental Disabilities Research, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Aoki Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junya Fujino
- Medical Institute of Developmental Disabilities Research, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yujiro Yoshihara
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Motoaki Nakamura
- Medical Institute of Developmental Disabilities Research, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuta Aoki
- Medical Institute of Developmental Disabilities Research, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Language Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruhisa Ohta
- Medical Institute of Developmental Disabilities Research, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Sakai
- Brain Information Communication Research Laboratory Group, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takamura
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Shimane University, Shimane, Japan
| | - Naho Ichikawa
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Go Okada
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Naohiro Okada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN) at The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoto Kasai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN) at The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- UTokyo Institute for Diversity and Adaptation of Human Mind (UTIDAHM), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saori C. Tanaka
- Brain Information Communication Research Laboratory Group, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International, Kyoto, Japan
- Division of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Imamizu
- Brain Information Communication Research Laboratory Group, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Psychology, Graduate School of Humanities and Sociology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobumasa Kato
- Medical Institute of Developmental Disabilities Research, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Okamoto
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hidehiko Takahashi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Kawato
- Brain Information Communication Research Laboratory Group, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International, Kyoto, Japan
- XNef Incorporation, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Okito Yamashita
- Brain Information Communication Research Laboratory Group, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International, Kyoto, Japan
- RIKEN, Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryu-ichiro Hashimoto
- Medical Institute of Developmental Disabilities Research, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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25
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Social interaction, psychotic disorders and inflammation: A triangle of interest. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 122:110697. [PMID: 36521587 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Social interaction difficulties are a hallmark of psychotic disorders, which in some cases can be definitely traced back to autoimmunological causes. Interestingly, systemic and intrathecal inflammation have been shown to significantly influence social processing by increasing sensitivity to threatening social stimuli, which bears some resemblance to psychosis. In this article, we review evidence for the involvement of systemic and intrathecal inflammatory processes in psychotic disorders and how this might help to explain some of the social impairments associated with this group of disorders. Vice versa, we also discuss evidence for the immunomodulatory function of social interactions and their potential role for therapeutic interventions in psychotic disorders.
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26
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Torenvliet C, Groenman AP, Radhoe TA, Agelink van Rentergem JA, Van der Putten WJ, Geurts HM. A longitudinal study on cognitive aging in autism. Psychiatry Res 2023; 321:115063. [PMID: 36709700 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Longitudinal studies on cognitive aging in autism are scarce, and largely underpowered, yet essential to obtain more conclusive results on cognitive changes in autism during adulthood. In the largest longitudinal study on cognition thus far, we aimed to get more insight into cognitive aging in autism. As pre-registered, we computed reliable change indices (RCIs) and multilevel models to estimate cognitive changes in 128 autistic, and 112 non-autistic adults (range: 24-85 yrs.) over two to three timepoints (average interval: 3.5 yrs.). Participants were tested on 15 outcome measures, covering verbal memory, visual (working) memory, prospective memory, theory of mind, fluency, response speed, inhibition, planning, and switching. RCIs showed no significant differences between groups (autism/no-autism) in changes over time. Using multilevel models, most tasks showed sensitivity to cross-sectional age-related effects, and/or longitudinal changes, with worse performance at older age, and later timepoints. However, effects were not significantly different between the autism and no-autism group. This lack of group differences was substantiated by additional Bayesian analyses. In sum, the current study provides evidence for parallel (similar) cognitive aging in autism. Specifically, autistic individuals diagnosed in adulthood, without intellectual disability, do not seem at risk for accelerated cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Torenvliet
- Dutch Autism and ADHD Research Center, Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - A P Groenman
- Dutch Autism and ADHD Research Center, Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Research Institute Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - T A Radhoe
- Dutch Autism and ADHD Research Center, Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J A Agelink van Rentergem
- Dutch Autism and ADHD Research Center, Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - W J Van der Putten
- Dutch Autism and ADHD Research Center, Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Leo Kannerhuis, autism clinic (Youz/Parnassia Group), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - H M Geurts
- Dutch Autism and ADHD Research Center, Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Leo Kannerhuis, autism clinic (Youz/Parnassia Group), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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27
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Dysregulated Signaling at Postsynaptic Density: A Systematic Review and Translational Appraisal for the Pathophysiology, Clinics, and Antipsychotics' Treatment of Schizophrenia. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040574. [PMID: 36831241 PMCID: PMC9954794 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence from genomics, post-mortem, and preclinical studies point to a potential dysregulation of molecular signaling at postsynaptic density (PSD) in schizophrenia pathophysiology. The PSD that identifies the archetypal asymmetric synapse is a structure of approximately 300 nm in diameter, localized behind the neuronal membrane in the glutamatergic synapse, and constituted by more than 1000 proteins, including receptors, adaptors, kinases, and scaffold proteins. Furthermore, using FASS (fluorescence-activated synaptosome sorting) techniques, glutamatergic synaptosomes were isolated at around 70 nm, where the receptors anchored to the PSD proteins can diffuse laterally along the PSD and were stabilized by scaffold proteins in nanodomains of 50-80 nm at a distance of 20-40 nm creating "nanocolumns" within the synaptic button. In this context, PSD was envisioned as a multimodal hub integrating multiple signaling-related intracellular functions. Dysfunctions of glutamate signaling have been postulated in schizophrenia, starting from the glutamate receptor's interaction with scaffolding proteins involved in the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR). Despite the emerging role of PSD proteins in behavioral disorders, there is currently no systematic review that integrates preclinical and clinical findings addressing dysregulated PSD signaling and translational implications for antipsychotic treatment in the aberrant postsynaptic function context. Here we reviewed a critical appraisal of the role of dysregulated PSD proteins signaling in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, discussing how antipsychotics may affect PSD structures and synaptic plasticity in brain regions relevant to psychosis.
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28
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Kisaretova P, Tsybko A, Bondar N, Reshetnikov V. Molecular Abnormalities in BTBR Mice and Their Relevance to Schizophrenia and Autism Spectrum Disorders: An Overview of Transcriptomic and Proteomic Studies. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020289. [PMID: 36830826 PMCID: PMC9953015 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal models of psychopathologies are of exceptional interest for neurobiologists because these models allow us to clarify molecular mechanisms underlying the pathologies. One such model is the inbred BTBR strain of mice, which is characterized by behavioral, neuroanatomical, and physiological hallmarks of schizophrenia (SCZ) and autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Despite the active use of BTBR mice as a model object, the understanding of the molecular features of this strain that cause the observed behavioral phenotype remains insufficient. Here, we analyzed recently published data from independent transcriptomic and proteomic studies on hippocampal and corticostriatal samples from BTBR mice to search for the most consistent aberrations in gene or protein expression. Next, we compared reproducible molecular signatures of BTBR mice with data on postmortem samples from ASD and SCZ patients. Taken together, these data helped us to elucidate brain-region-specific molecular abnormalities in BTBR mice as well as their relevance to the anomalies seen in ASDs or SCZ in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina Kisaretova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Akad. Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Street 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Anton Tsybko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Akad. Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Natalia Bondar
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Akad. Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Vasiliy Reshetnikov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Akad. Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Department of Biotechnology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olympic Avenue, Sochi 354340, Russia
- Correspondence:
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29
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Sierakowska A, Roszak M, Lipińska M, Bieniasiewicz A, Łabuz-Roszak B. AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER AND SCHIZOPHRENIA - SIMILARITIES BETWEEN THE TWO DISORDERS WITH A CASE REPORT OF A PATIENT WITH DUAL DIAGNOSIS. POLSKI MERKURIUSZ LEKARSKI : ORGAN POLSKIEGO TOWARZYSTWA LEKARSKIEGO 2023; 51:172-177. [PMID: 37254766 DOI: 10.36740/merkur202302111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the genetic, molecular and neuroanatomical similarities between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia using the case report of a 34-year-old female patient with a previous diagnosis of schizophrenia as an example. As a result of repeat hospitalization, expanded history, psychological testing and verification of persistent symptoms of psychopathology, a cooccurring diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder was made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Sierakowska
- STUDENT ASSOCIATION OF NEUROLOGY AT THE DEPARTMENT OF NEUROLOGY, INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, OPOLE UNIVERSITY, OPOLE, POLAND
| | - Mateusz Roszak
- STUDENT ASSOCIATION OF NEUROLOGY AT THE DEPARTMENT OF NEUROLOGY, INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, OPOLE UNIVERSITY, OPOLE, POLAND
| | - Milena Lipińska
- DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHIATRY, ST. JADWIGA REGIONAL SPECIALIZED HOSPITAL, OPOLE, POLAND
| | - Anna Bieniasiewicz
- DEPARTMENT OF NEUROLOGY, INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF OPOLE, OPOLE, POLAND; DEPARTMENT OF NEUROLOGY, ST. JADWIGA REGIONAL SPECIALIZED HOSPITAL, OPOLE, POLAND
| | - Beata Łabuz-Roszak
- DEPARTMENT OF NEUROLOGY, INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF OPOLE, OPOLE, POLAND; DEPARTMENT OF NEUROLOGY, ST. JADWIGA REGIONAL SPECIALIZED HOSPITAL, OPOLE, POLAND
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30
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Tanaka R, Liao J, Hada K, Mori D, Nagai T, Matsuzaki T, Nabeshima T, Kaibuchi K, Ozaki N, Mizoguchi H, Yamada K. Inhibition of Rho-kinase ameliorates decreased spine density in the medial prefrontal cortex and methamphetamine-induced cognitive dysfunction in mice carrying schizophrenia-associated mutations of the Arhgap10 gene. Pharmacol Res 2023; 187:106589. [PMID: 36462727 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Copy-number variations in the ARHGAP10 gene encoding Rho GTPase-activating protein 10 are associated with schizophrenia. Model mice (Arhgap10 S490P/NHEJ mice) that carry "double-hit" mutations in the Arhgap10 gene mimic the schizophrenia in a Japanese patient, exhibiting altered spine density, methamphetamine-induced cognitive dysfunction, and activation of RhoA/Rho-kinase signaling. However, it remains unclear whether the activation of RhoA/Rho-kinase signaling due to schizophrenia-associated Arhgap10 mutations causes the phenotypes of these model mice. Here, we investigated the effects of fasudil, a brain permeable Rho-kinase inhibitor, on altered spine density in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and on methamphetamine-induced cognitive impairment in a touchscreen‑based visual discrimination task in Arhgap10 S490P/NHEJ mice. Fasudil (20 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) suppressed the increased phosphorylation of myosin phosphatase-targeting subunit 1, a substrate of Rho-kinase, in the striatum and mPFC of Arhgap10 S490P/NHEJ mice. In addition, daily oral administration of fasudil (20 mg/kg/day) for 7 days ameliorated the reduced spine density of layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons in the mPFC. Moreover, fasudil (3-20 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) rescued the methamphetamine (0.3 mg/kg)-induced cognitive impairment of visual discrimination in Arhgap10 S490P/NHEJ mice. Our results suggest that Rho-kinase plays significant roles in the neuropathological changes in spine morphology and in the vulnerability of cognition to methamphetamine in mice with schizophrenia-associated Arhgap10 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinako Tanaka
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8560, Japan
| | - Jingzhu Liao
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8560, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Hada
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8560, Japan
| | - Daisuke Mori
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8560, Japan
| | - Taku Nagai
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8560, Japan; Division of Behavioral Neuropharmacology, International Center for Brain Science (ICBS), Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Matsuzaki
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8560, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Nabeshima
- Laboratory of Health and Medical Science Innovation, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan; Japanese Drug Organization of Appropriate Use and Research, Nagoya, Aichi 468-0069, Japan
| | - Kozo Kaibuchi
- Department of Cell Pharmacology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8560, Japan; International Center for Brain Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1129, Japan
| | - Norio Ozaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8560, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Mizoguchi
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8560, Japan
| | - Kiyofumi Yamada
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8560, Japan; Japanese Drug Organization of Appropriate Use and Research, Nagoya, Aichi 468-0069, Japan.
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31
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Isaksson J, Angenfelt M, Frick MA, Olofsdotter S, Vadlin S. Psychotic-like experiences from adolescence to adulthood: A longitudinal study. Schizophr Res 2022; 248:1-7. [PMID: 35907346 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2022.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs), such as delusions and hallucinations, are regarded to occur along a spectrum and to be present also in non-help-seeking individuals from the general population. However, it remains unclear whether the occurrence of PLEs is a unique risk factor for future PLEs or a symptom of general psychopathology. In this study, we investigated whether PLEs during adolescence predict future PLEs in adulthood. A community-based cohort of 1146 young adolescents (mean age, 14.38 years) were assessed and then reassessed 6 years later (mean age, 20.15 years). Participants reported PLEs experienced in the past year, as well as symptoms of depression, anxiety, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and conduct problems. We adjusted the analysis for other forms of psychopathology and sex differences. Participants who reported PLEs in adulthood had higher ratings for all preceding and co-occurring symptoms of psychopathology. In the adjusted logistic regression model, having PLEs and, to a smaller degree, anxiety during adolescence predicted PLEs in early adulthood. The association between baseline and future PLEs did not differ between males and females, although females were more likely to report PLEs during adolescence. Participants with persistent PLEs reported more hallucinations during adolescence than those with transient symptoms. Our findings suggest that the early occurrence of PLEs is an important and independent predictor of future PLEs and should be monitored to identify individuals with a high risk of future psychopathology and to enable early interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Isaksson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Max Angenfelt
- Department of Medical Sciences, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Matilda A Frick
- Department of Medical Sciences, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Emotion Division, Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Susanne Olofsdotter
- Centre for Clinical Research, Västmanland County Hospital Västerås, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Sofia Vadlin
- Centre for Clinical Research, Västmanland County Hospital Västerås, Uppsala University, Sweden.
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32
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Riccioni A, Siracusano M, Vasta M, Ribolsi M, Nastro FF, Gialloreti LE, Di Lorenzo G, Mazzone L. Clinical profile and conversion rate to full psychosis in a prospective cohort study of youth affected by autism spectrum disorder and attenuated psychosis syndrome: A preliminary report. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:950888. [PMID: 36213900 PMCID: PMC9542639 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.950888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychosis can occur at high rates in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the detection of prodromal psychotic symptoms, including attenuated psychosis syndrome (APS), conditions at high risk of converting to full psychosis, has not been extensively investigated in ASD. We longitudinally evaluate a sample of young ASD individuals (age, mean ± SD: 13 ± 2.9) with (n = 13) or without (n = 18) concomitant APS through a standardized assessment of autistic (Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Second Edition; ADOS-2) and psychotic (Structured Interview for Psychosis-Risk Syndromes, SIPS) symptoms and cognitive and adaptive skills. Individuals with other neuropsychiatric disorders were excluded. We estimated the conversion rate to full psychosis (according to SIPS criteria) over time (39.6 ± 11.5 months) and explored the role of clinical variables at baseline in the transition to full psychosis. A conversion rate to full psychosis of 30.7% was found in ASD/APS. Conversion to full psychosis was not affected by the severity of the autistic and psychotic symptoms. At baseline, young individuals with ASD/APS who later converted to full psychosis showed lower cognitive performance (d = 2.05) and greater impairment of adaptive social functioning profile (d = 1.2) than those with ASD. The results of this preliminary report revealed that nearly a third of young individuals with ASD/APS convert to full psychosis over time. Conversion to full psychosis is affected by decreased cognitive and adaptive skills. Further investigations are needed to confirm the utility of APS detection and to better characterize the psychotic developmental trajectory in ASD, with consequent important implications on prognosis and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assia Riccioni
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Fondazione PTV - Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Chair of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Siracusano
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Fondazione PTV - Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Michelangelo Vasta
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Fondazione PTV - Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Chair of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Ribolsi
- Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology, and Psychiatry, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Fiori Nastro
- Chair of Psychiatry, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology Unit, Fondazione PTV - Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giorgio Di Lorenzo
- Chair of Psychiatry, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Mazzone
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Fondazione PTV - Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Chair of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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