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Molitor A, Lederle A, Radosavljevic M, Sapuru V, Zavorka Thomas ME, Yang J, Shirin M, Collin-Bund V, Jerabkova-Roda K, Miao Z, Bernard A, Rolli V, Grenot P, Castro CN, Rosenzwajg M, Lewis EG, Person R, Esperón-Moldes US, Kaare M, Nokelainen PT, Batzir NA, Hoffer GZ, Paul N, Stemmelen T, Naegely L, Hanauer A, Bibi-Triki S, Grün S, Jung S, Busnelli I, Tripolszki K, Al-Ali R, Ordonez N, Bauer P, Song E, Zajo K, Partida-Sanchez S, Robledo-Avila F, Kumanovics A, Louzoun Y, Hirschler A, Pichot A, Toker O, Mejía CAM, Parvaneh N, Knapp E, Hersh JH, Kenney H, Delmonte OM, Notarangelo LD, Goetz JG, Kahwash SB, Carapito C, Bajwa RPS, Thomas C, Ehl S, Isidor B, Carapito R, Abraham RS, Hite RK, Marcus N, Bertoli-Avella A, Bahram S. A pleiotropic recurrent dominant ITPR3 variant causes a complex multisystemic disease. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eado5545. [PMID: 39270020 PMCID: PMC11397499 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ado5545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor type 1 (ITPR1), 2 (ITPR2), and 3 (ITPR3) encode the IP3 receptor (IP3R), a key player in intracellular calcium release. In four unrelated patients, we report that an identical ITPR3 de novo variant-NM_002224.3:c.7570C>T, p.Arg2524Cys-causes, through a dominant-negative effect, a complex multisystemic disorder with immunodeficiency. This leads to defective calcium homeostasis, mitochondrial malfunction, CD4+ lymphopenia, a quasi-absence of naïve CD4+ and CD8+ cells, an increase in memory cells, and a distinct TCR repertoire. The calcium defect was recapitulated in Jurkat knock-in. Site-directed mutagenesis displayed the exquisite sensitivity of Arg2524 to any amino acid change. Despite the fact that all patients had severe immunodeficiency, they also displayed variable multisystemic involvements, including ectodermal dysplasia, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, short stature, and bone marrow failure. In conclusion, unlike previously reported ITPR1-3 deficiencies leading to narrow, mainly neurological phenotypes, a recurrent dominant ITPR3 variant leads to a multisystemic disease, defining a unique role for IP3R3 in the tetrameric IP3R complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Molitor
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Plateforme GENOMAX, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie and Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Institut Thématique Interdisciplinaire (ITI) Transplantex NG de Médecine de Précision de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Alexandre Lederle
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Plateforme GENOMAX, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie and Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Institut Thématique Interdisciplinaire (ITI) Transplantex NG de Médecine de Précision de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Mirjana Radosavljevic
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Plateforme GENOMAX, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie and Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Institut Thématique Interdisciplinaire (ITI) Transplantex NG de Médecine de Précision de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Plateau Technique de Biologie, Pôle de Biologie, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Vinay Sapuru
- Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Physiology, Biophysics, and Systems Biology (PBSB) Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - Megan E Zavorka Thomas
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jianying Yang
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Plateforme GENOMAX, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie and Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Institut Thématique Interdisciplinaire (ITI) Transplantex NG de Médecine de Précision de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Mahsa Shirin
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Plateforme GENOMAX, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie and Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Institut Thématique Interdisciplinaire (ITI) Transplantex NG de Médecine de Précision de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Virginie Collin-Bund
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Plateforme GENOMAX, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie and Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Institut Thématique Interdisciplinaire (ITI) Transplantex NG de Médecine de Précision de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Katerina Jerabkova-Roda
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Plateforme GENOMAX, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie and Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Equipe labellisée, Ligue nationale Contre le Cancer, Strasbourg, France
| | - Zhichao Miao
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou International Bio-Island, Guangzhou, China
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence and Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Alice Bernard
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Plateforme GENOMAX, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie and Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Institut Thématique Interdisciplinaire (ITI) Transplantex NG de Médecine de Précision de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Plateau Technique de Biologie, Pôle de Biologie, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Véronique Rolli
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Plateforme GENOMAX, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie and Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Institut Thématique Interdisciplinaire (ITI) Transplantex NG de Médecine de Précision de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Plateau Technique de Biologie, Pôle de Biologie, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierre Grenot
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Plateforme GENOMAX, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie and Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Institut Thématique Interdisciplinaire (ITI) Transplantex NG de Médecine de Précision de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Carla Noemi Castro
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michelle Rosenzwajg
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Clinical Investigation Center for Biotherapies (CIC-BTi) and Immunology-Inflammation-Infectiology and Dermatology Department (3iD), Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR_S 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Paris, France
| | - Elyssa G Lewis
- Norton Children's Medical Group, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | | | | | - Milja Kaare
- Blueprint Genetics, A Quest Diagnostics Company, Espoo, Finland
| | | | - Nurit Assia Batzir
- Pediatric Genetics Unit, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikvah, Israel
| | - Gal Zaks Hoffer
- Pediatric Genetics Unit, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikvah, Israel
| | - Nicodème Paul
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Plateforme GENOMAX, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie and Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Institut Thématique Interdisciplinaire (ITI) Transplantex NG de Médecine de Précision de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Tristan Stemmelen
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Plateforme GENOMAX, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie and Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Institut Thématique Interdisciplinaire (ITI) Transplantex NG de Médecine de Précision de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Plateau Technique de Biologie, Pôle de Biologie, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Lydie Naegely
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Plateforme GENOMAX, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie and Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Institut Thématique Interdisciplinaire (ITI) Transplantex NG de Médecine de Précision de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Antoine Hanauer
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Plateforme GENOMAX, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie and Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Institut Thématique Interdisciplinaire (ITI) Transplantex NG de Médecine de Précision de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sabrina Bibi-Triki
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Plateforme GENOMAX, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie and Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Institut Thématique Interdisciplinaire (ITI) Transplantex NG de Médecine de Précision de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sarah Grün
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sophie Jung
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Plateforme GENOMAX, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie and Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Centre de Référence des maladies rares orales et dentaires (O-Rares), Pôle de Médecine et de Chirurgie bucco-dentaires, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ignacio Busnelli
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Plateforme GENOMAX, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie and Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Eunkyung Song
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Host Defense, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kristin Zajo
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Santiago Partida-Sanchez
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Frank Robledo-Avila
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Attila Kumanovics
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Yoram Louzoun
- Department of Mathematics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Aurélie Hirschler
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Bio-Organique (LSMBO), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), UMR 7178, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Infrastructure Nationale de Protéomique ProFI - FR2048, Strasbourg, France
| | - Angélique Pichot
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Plateforme GENOMAX, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie and Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Institut Thématique Interdisciplinaire (ITI) Transplantex NG de Médecine de Précision de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ori Toker
- Allergy and Immunology Unit, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine Hebrew university, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Nima Parvaneh
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esther Knapp
- Norton Children's Medical Group, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Joseph H Hersh
- Norton Children's Medical Group, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Heather Kenney
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ottavia M Delmonte
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Luigi D Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jacky G Goetz
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Plateforme GENOMAX, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie and Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Equipe labellisée, Ligue nationale Contre le Cancer, Strasbourg, France
| | - Samir B Kahwash
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Christine Carapito
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Bio-Organique (LSMBO), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), UMR 7178, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Infrastructure Nationale de Protéomique ProFI - FR2048, Strasbourg, France
| | - Rajinder P S Bajwa
- Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Caroline Thomas
- Service d'Oncologie-Hématologie et Immunologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Enfant-Adolescent, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Stephan Ehl
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bertrand Isidor
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Raphael Carapito
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Plateforme GENOMAX, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie and Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Institut Thématique Interdisciplinaire (ITI) Transplantex NG de Médecine de Précision de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Plateau Technique de Biologie, Pôle de Biologie, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Roshini S Abraham
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Richard K Hite
- Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nufar Marcus
- Allergy and Immunology Unit, Kipper Institute of Immunology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- The Jeffrey Modell Foundation Israeli Network for Primary Immunodeficiency, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Seiamak Bahram
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Plateforme GENOMAX, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie and Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Institut Thématique Interdisciplinaire (ITI) Transplantex NG de Médecine de Précision de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Plateau Technique de Biologie, Pôle de Biologie, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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2
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Bourgoin P, Dupont T, Agabriel C, Carsin A, Verles A, Cabanski M, Vitaliti A, Busnel JM. Possible alternative strategies to implement basophil activation testing in multicentric studies. CYTOMETRY. PART B, CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2024; 106:392-404. [PMID: 38572669 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.22172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The Basophil Activation Test (BAT) enables flow cytometry characterization of basophil reactivity against specific allergenic molecules. The focus now revolves around democratizing this tool, but, as blood sample stability could be challenging, after having developed a simplified approach, herein, we aimed to characterize two strategies for implementing BAT in multicentric studies: store and ship blood before or after sample processing. Fresh heparin- and EDTA-anticoagulated whole blood samples followed both BAT workflows: "collect, store, process & analyze" or "collect, process, store & analyze". Storage temperatures of 18-25 °C or 2-8 °C and preservation times from 0 to 7 days were considered. Interleukin-3 was also evaluated. With the "collect, store, process & analyze" workflow, heparin-anticoagulated blood and 18-25 °C storage were better than other conditions. While remaining possible, basophil activation exhibited a possible reactivity decay after 24 h. Under the conditions tested, interleukin-3 had no role in enhancing basophil reactivity after storage. Conversely, the "collect, process, store & analyze" workflow demonstrated that either heparin- or EDTA-anticoagulated blood can be processed and kept up to 7 days at 18-25 °C or 2-8 °C before being analyzed. Various strategies can be implemented to integrate BAT in multicentric studies. The "collect, store, process & analyze" workflow remains a simplified logistical approach, but depending on time required to ship from the clinical centers to the reference laboratories, it might not be applicable, or should be used with caution. The "collect, process, store & analyze" workflow may constitute a workflow improvement to provide significant flexibility without impact on basophil reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pénélope Bourgoin
- Global Research Organization, Beckman Coulter Life Sciences, Marseille, France
| | - Thomas Dupont
- Global Research Organization, Beckman Coulter Life Sciences, Marseille, France
| | - Chantal Agabriel
- Department of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Timone University Hospital, APHM, Marseille, France
| | - Ania Carsin
- Department of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Saint Joseph Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Aurélie Verles
- BioMarker Development, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Maciej Cabanski
- BioMarker Development, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
- Biomarkers and CDx, Monte Rosa Therapeutics, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alessandra Vitaliti
- BioMarker Development, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Marc Busnel
- Global Research Organization, Beckman Coulter Life Sciences, Marseille, France
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3
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Sefland Ø, Gullaksen SE, Omsland M, Reikvam H, Galteland E, Tran HTT, Spetalen S, Singh SK, Van Zeeburg HJT, Van De Loosdrecht AA, Gjertsen BT. Mass cytometric single cell immune profiles of peripheral blood from acute myeloid leukemia patients in complete remission with measurable residual disease. CYTOMETRY. PART B, CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2024. [PMID: 39078053 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.22197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Measurable residual disease (MRD) is detected in approximately a quarter of AML chemotherapy responders, serving as a predictor for relapse and shorter survival. Immunological control of residual disease is suggested to prevent relapse, but the mechanisms involved are not fully understood. We present a peripheral blood single cell immune profiling by mass cytometry using a 42-antibody panel with particular emphasis on markers of cellular immune response. Six healthy donors were compared with four AML patients with MRD (MRD+) in first complete remission (CR1MRD+). Three of four patients demonstrated a favorable genetic risk profile, while the fourth patient had an unfavorable risk profile (complex karyotype, TP53-mutation) and a high level of MRD. Unsupervised clustering using self-organizing maps and dimensional reduction analysis was performed for visualization and analysis of immune cell subsets. CD57+ natural killer (NK)-cell subsets were found to be less abundant in patients than in healthy donors. Both T and NK cells demonstrated elevated expression of activity and maturation markers (CD44, granzyme B, and phosho-STAT5 Y694) in patients. Although mass cytometry remains an expensive method with limited scalability, our data suggest the utility for employing a 42-plex profiling for cellular immune surveillance in whole blood, and possibly as a biomarker platform in future clinical trials. The findings encourage further investigations of single cell immune profiling in CR1MRD+ AML-patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Øystein Sefland
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Myeloid Blood Cancer, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stein-Erik Gullaksen
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Myeloid Blood Cancer, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Maria Omsland
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Myeloid Blood Cancer, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Safety, Chemistry, and Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
| | - Håkon Reikvam
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Myeloid Blood Cancer, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Eivind Galteland
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hoa Thi Tuyet Tran
- Department of Haematology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Signe Spetalen
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Arjan A Van De Loosdrecht
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Bjørn Tore Gjertsen
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Myeloid Blood Cancer, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Lu L, Lu Y, Zhang L. Regulatory T Cell and T Helper 17 Cell Imbalance in Patients with Unexplained Infertility. Int J Womens Health 2024; 16:1033-1040. [PMID: 38835834 PMCID: PMC11149623 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s455733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Female infertility is a global health concern. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between regulatory T (Treg) cells and helper T cells 17 (Th17) in peripheral blood and unexplained infertility (UI). In addition, we explored potential valuable diagnostic biomarkers for patients with UI and ascertained whether Treg and Th17 cells are associated with primary and secondary UI. Patients and Methods The patients underwent standard fertility evaluation test, including blood tests, ultrasound examination, fallopian tube tests, ovulation assessment, and male partner's semen analysis. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, this study enrolled 37 patients with UI (30 with primary UI and 7 with secondary UI) and 26 age-matched healthy volunteers as the control group. Flow cytometry was used to detect the frequency of Treg and Th17 cells. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to assess the diagnostic performance. An AUC > 0.800 indicated good diagnostic performance. Results The percentage of Treg decreased significantly, whereas the percentage and absolute count of Th17 cells increased. Moreover, the Th17/Treg ratio in patients with UI increased significantly. As a diagnostic biomarker for UI, the Th17/Treg ratio exhibited remarkable diagnostic performance (AUC: 0.813 (95% CI = 0.709-0.917)). However, the percentages and absolute counts of Treg and Th17 cells in the peripheral blood of women with primary and secondary UI, as well as their Th17/Treg ratios, did not differ significantly. Conclusion The distribution of Treg and Th17 cells is imbalanced in patients with UI. Therefore, the Th17/Treg ratio may be a promising indicator of UI. However, there were no significant differences in the distribution of Treg and Th17 cells between women with primary and secondary UI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Lu
- Department of Reproductive Center, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Lu
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Longyi Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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Tchitchek N, Binvignat M, Roux A, Pitoiset F, Dubois J, Marguerit G, Saadoun D, Cacoub P, Sellam J, Berenbaum F, Hartemann A, Amouyal C, Lorenzon R, Mariotti-Ferrandiz E, Rosenzwajg M, Klatzmann D. Deep immunophenotyping reveals that autoimmune and autoinflammatory disorders are spread along two immunological axes capturing disease inflammation levels and types. Ann Rheum Dis 2024; 83:638-650. [PMID: 38182406 DOI: 10.1136/ard-2023-225179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Based on genetic associations, McGonagle and McDermott suggested a classification of autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases as a continuum ranging from purely autoimmune to purely autoinflammatory diseases and comprising diseases with both components. We used deep immunophenotyping to identify immune cell populations and molecular targets characterising this continuum. METHODS We collected blood from 443 patients with one of 15 autoimmune or autoinflammatory diseases and 71 healthy volunteers. Deep phenotyping was performed using 13 flow cytometry panels characterising over 600 innate and adaptive cell populations. Unsupervised and supervised analyses were conducted to identify disease clusters with their common and specific cell parameters. RESULTS Unsupervised clustering categorised these diseases into five clusters. Principal component analysis deconvoluted this clustering into two immunological axes. The first axis was driven by the ratio of LAG3+ to ICOS+ in regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs), and segregated diseases based on their inflammation levels. The second axis was driven by activated Tregs and type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s), and segregated diseases based on their types of affected tissues. We identified a signature of 23 cell populations that accurately characterised the five disease clusters. CONCLUSIONS We have refined the monodimensional continuum of autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases as a continuum characterised by both disease inflammation levels and targeted tissues. Such classification should be helpful for defining therapies. Our results call for further investigations into the role of the LAG3+/ICOS+ balance in Tregs and the contribution of ILC3s in autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02466217.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Tchitchek
- INSERM UMRS 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Clinical Investigation Center for Biotherapies (CIC-BTi) and Immunology-Inflammation-Infectiology and Dermatology Department (3iD), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Marie Binvignat
- INSERM UMRS 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- INSERM U938, Rheumatology Department, Saint-Antoine Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Roux
- INSERM UMRS 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Clinical Investigation Center for Biotherapies (CIC-BTi) and Immunology-Inflammation-Infectiology and Dermatology Department (3iD), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Fabien Pitoiset
- INSERM UMRS 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Clinical Investigation Center for Biotherapies (CIC-BTi) and Immunology-Inflammation-Infectiology and Dermatology Department (3iD), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Johanna Dubois
- INSERM UMRS 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Clinical Investigation Center for Biotherapies (CIC-BTi) and Immunology-Inflammation-Infectiology and Dermatology Department (3iD), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Gwendolyn Marguerit
- INSERM UMRS 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Clinical Investigation Center for Biotherapies (CIC-BTi) and Immunology-Inflammation-Infectiology and Dermatology Department (3iD), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix Hospital, Paris, France
| | - David Saadoun
- INSERM UMRS 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Clinical Investigation Center for Biotherapies (CIC-BTi) and Immunology-Inflammation-Infectiology and Dermatology Department (3iD), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix Hospital, Paris, France
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology and Immunology-Inflammation-Infectiology and Dermatology Department (3iD), Reference Center for Autoinflammatory Disorders (CEREMAIA); Reference Center for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Paris, France
| | - Patrice Cacoub
- INSERM UMRS 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Clinical Investigation Center for Biotherapies (CIC-BTi) and Immunology-Inflammation-Infectiology and Dermatology Department (3iD), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix Hospital, Paris, France
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology and Immunology-Inflammation-Infectiology and Dermatology Department (3iD), Reference Center for Autoinflammatory Disorders (CEREMAIA); Reference Center for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Paris, France
| | - Jérémie Sellam
- INSERM U938, Rheumatology Department, Saint-Antoine Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Francis Berenbaum
- INSERM U938, Rheumatology Department, Saint-Antoine Hospital, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Agnès Hartemann
- INSERM UMRS 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Clinical Investigation Center for Biotherapies (CIC-BTi) and Immunology-Inflammation-Infectiology and Dermatology Department (3iD), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix Hospital, Paris, France
- Diabetology-Metabolism Department, AP-HP, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardiometabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN), Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Chloé Amouyal
- INSERM UMRS 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Clinical Investigation Center for Biotherapies (CIC-BTi) and Immunology-Inflammation-Infectiology and Dermatology Department (3iD), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix Hospital, Paris, France
- Diabetology-Metabolism Department, AP-HP, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardiometabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN), Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Roberta Lorenzon
- INSERM UMRS 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Clinical Investigation Center for Biotherapies (CIC-BTi) and Immunology-Inflammation-Infectiology and Dermatology Department (3iD), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Encarnita Mariotti-Ferrandiz
- INSERM UMRS 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Clinical Investigation Center for Biotherapies (CIC-BTi) and Immunology-Inflammation-Infectiology and Dermatology Department (3iD), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix Hospital, Paris, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
| | - Michelle Rosenzwajg
- INSERM UMRS 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Clinical Investigation Center for Biotherapies (CIC-BTi) and Immunology-Inflammation-Infectiology and Dermatology Department (3iD), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix Hospital, Paris, France
| | - David Klatzmann
- INSERM UMRS 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Clinical Investigation Center for Biotherapies (CIC-BTi) and Immunology-Inflammation-Infectiology and Dermatology Department (3iD), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix Hospital, Paris, France
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Lien HJT, Pedersen TT, Jakobsen B, Flatberg A, Chawla K, Sætrom P, Fenstad MH. Single-cell resolution of longitudinal blood transcriptome profiles in rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and healthy control pregnancies. Ann Rheum Dis 2024; 83:300-311. [PMID: 38049980 PMCID: PMC10894842 DOI: 10.1136/ard-2023-224644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Comparative longitudinal analyses of cellular composition and peripheral blood gene expression in Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and healthy pregnancies. METHODS In total, 335 whole blood samples from 84 RA, SLE and healthy controls before pregnancy, at each trimester, 6 weeks, 6 months and 12 months post partum were analysed. We combined bulk and single cell RNA analyses for cell-type estimation, validated by flow cytometry, before combining this in a cell-type adjusted analysis for an improved resolution of unrecognised gene expression changes associated with RA and SLE pregnancies. RESULTS Patients were well regulated throughout pregnancy, and few had pregnancy complications. In SLE, the interferon signature was augmented during pregnancy, and the pregnancy signature was continued post partum. An altered cell type composition strongly influences the profile. In the pregnancy signature, transcripts involved in galactosylation potentially altering the effector functions of autoantibodies became more evident. Several genes in the adjusted RA signature are expressed in mucosal associated invariant T cells. CONCLUSION We found distinct RA, SLE and pregnancy signatures, and no expression patterns could be attributed to medication or disease activity. Our results support the need for close postpartum follow-up of patients with SLE. Gene expression patterns in RA were closer to healthy controls than to SLE, and primarily became evident after cell-type adjustment. Adjusting for cell abundance unravelled gene expression signatures less associated with variation in cell-composition and highlighted genes with expression profiles associated with changes in specialised cell populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilde Julie T Lien
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tina T Pedersen
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Pregnancy and Rheumatic Diseases, Department of Rheumatology, St. Olavs hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Bente Jakobsen
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Pregnancy and Rheumatic Diseases, Department of Rheumatology, St. Olavs hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Arnar Flatberg
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Genomics Core Facility, HF, Sentral Stab, St. Olavs hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Konika Chawla
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- BioCore - Bioinformatics Core Facility, HF, Sentral stab, St. Olavs hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Pål Sætrom
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Mona H Fenstad
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, St. Olavs hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
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Ellul P, Maruani A, Peyre H, Vantalon V, Hoareau D, Tiercelin H, Rosenzwajg M, Klatzmann D, Delorme R. Abnormal neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in children with autism spectrum disorder and history of maternal immune activation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22424. [PMID: 38104181 PMCID: PMC10725503 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49789-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal immune activation (MIA), related to autoimmune/inflammatory diseases or acute infections, during the two first trimesters of pregnancy is a risk factor for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in offspring. In mice, MIA has a long-term impact on offspring's immune equilibrium resulting in a pro-inflammatory phenotype. We therefore hypothesized that children with ASD and a history of MIA could display a similar phenotype specifically assessed by a higher neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR). In this study, we used a retrospective sample of 231 dyads involving children with ASD and their mothers. Among ASD patients, 12% had a history of MIA. The multivariate analysis revealed a significant association between NLR in children with ASD and maternal history of MIA (F = 2.27, p = 0.03). Using a categorical approach, we observed an abnormal NLR (over 3) in 7.4% of children with ASD MIA+ compared to 1.9% for MIA-. Our study supports the hypothesis suggesting an impact of MIA on the risk of ASD. Further studies could contribute to the development of biomarkers in MIA+ ASD and enable the development of targeted immunomodulatory therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Ellul
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debre Hospital, APHP, 48 Boulevard Serurier, 75019, Paris, France.
- UMRS_959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Sorbonne Université/INSERM, Paris, France.
| | - Anna Maruani
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debre Hospital, APHP, 48 Boulevard Serurier, 75019, Paris, France
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Hugo Peyre
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debre Hospital, APHP, 48 Boulevard Serurier, 75019, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Vantalon
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debre Hospital, APHP, 48 Boulevard Serurier, 75019, Paris, France
| | - Daphnée Hoareau
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debre Hospital, APHP, 48 Boulevard Serurier, 75019, Paris, France
| | - Hugo Tiercelin
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debre Hospital, APHP, 48 Boulevard Serurier, 75019, Paris, France
| | - Michelle Rosenzwajg
- UMRS_959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Sorbonne Université/INSERM, Paris, France
| | - David Klatzmann
- UMRS_959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Sorbonne Université/INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Richard Delorme
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debre Hospital, APHP, 48 Boulevard Serurier, 75019, Paris, France
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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Hubens WHG, Maié T, Schnitker M, Bocova L, Puri D, Wessiepe M, Kramer J, Rink L, Koschmieder S, Costa IG, Wagner W. Targeted DNA Methylation Analysis Facilitates Leukocyte Counts in Dried Blood Samples. Clin Chem 2023; 69:1283-1294. [PMID: 37708296 DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/hvad143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell-type specific DNA methylation (DNAm) can be employed to determine the numbers of leukocyte subsets in blood. In contrast to conventional methods for leukocyte counts, which are based on cellular morphology or surface marker protein expression, the cellular deconvolution based on DNAm levels is applicable for frozen or dried blood. Here, we further enhanced targeted DNAm assays for leukocyte counts in clinical application. METHODS DNAm profiles of 40 different studies were compiled to identify CG dinucleotides (CpGs) with cell-type specific DNAm using a computational framework, CimpleG. DNAm levels at these CpGs were then measured with digital droplet PCR in venous blood from 160 healthy donors and 150 patients with various hematological disorders. Deconvolution was further validated with venous blood (n = 75) and capillary blood (n = 31) that was dried on Whatman paper or on Mitra microsampling devices. RESULTS In venous blood, automated cell counting or flow cytometry correlated well with epigenetic estimates of relative leukocyte counts for granulocytes (r = 0.95), lymphocytes (r = 0.97), monocytes (r = 0.82), CD4 T cells (r = 0.84), CD8 T cells (r = 0.94), B cells (r = 0.96), and NK cells (r = 0.72). Similar correlations and precisions were achieved for dried blood samples. Spike-in with a reference plasmid enabled accurate epigenetic estimation of absolute leukocyte counts from dried blood samples, correlating with conventional venous (r = 0.86) and capillary (r = 0.80) blood measurements. CONCLUSIONS The advanced selection of cell-type specific CpGs and utilization of digital droplet PCR analysis provided accurate epigenetic blood counts. Analysis of dried blood facilitates self-sampling with a finger prick, thereby enabling easier accessibility to testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter H G Hubens
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tiago Maié
- Institute for Computational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthis Schnitker
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ledio Bocova
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Deepika Puri
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Martina Wessiepe
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jan Kramer
- Division of Nephrology and Transplantation Unit, Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- LADR Laboratory Group Dr. Kramer & Colleagues, Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Lothar Rink
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Steffen Koschmieder
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany
| | - Ivan G Costa
- Institute for Computational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wagner
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany
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Sun J, You R, Lyu B, Li X, Gao Y, Wen Y, Qu C, Wang Y. HLA-DR Helps to Differentiate Erythrodermic Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma from Erythrodermic Inflammatory Dermatoses in Flow Cytometry. Acta Derm Venereol 2023; 103:adv5668. [PMID: 37526291 PMCID: PMC10413871 DOI: 10.2340/actadv.v103.5668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Differential diagnosis of erythroderma is challenging in dermatology, especially in differentiating erythrodermic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma from erythrodermic inflammatory dermatoses. This study retrospectively reviewed the peripheral blood flow cytometric results of 73 patients diagnosed with erythroderma at Peking University First Hospital from 2014 to 2019. The flow cytometry antibody panel included white blood cell markers, T-cell markers, B-cell markers, T-cell activation markers, and T helper cell differentiation markers. Features of the cell surface antigens were compared between 34 patients with erythrodermic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and 39 patients with erythrodermic inflammatory dermatoses. The percentage of HLA-DR+/CD4+T cells was the most pronounced marker to distinguish erythrodermic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma from erythrodermic inflammatory dermatoses, with a threshold of 20.85% (sensitivity 96.77%, specificity 70.37%, p = 0.000, area under the curve (AUC) 0.882), suggesting its potential capability in the differential diagnosis of erythrodermic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma from erythrodermic inflammatory dermatoses. Moreover, in contrast to erythrodermic inflammatory dermatoses, the percentage of Th17 cells was significantly downregulated in erythrodermic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (p = 0.001), demonstrating a dysregulated immune environment in erythrodermic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Sun
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Ran You
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Beini Lyu
- Peking University Institute for Global Health and Development, Beijing, China
| | - Xueying Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yumei Gao
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yujie Wen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Chenxue Qu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
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10
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Heubeck A, Savage A, Henderson K, Roll C, Hernandez V, Torgerson T, Bumol T, Reading J. Cross-platform immunophenotyping of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with four high-dimensional flow cytometry panels. Cytometry A 2022. [PMID: 36571245 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Immunophenotyping using high dimensional flow cytometry is a central component of human immune system multi-omic studies. We present four high parameter flow cytometry panels for deep immunophenotyping of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). This set of four 25+ color panels include 64 cell surface markers to resolve broad immune compartment populations, as well as activation and memory of specific T, B, natural killer (NK), and myeloid lineages. Common lineage bridging markers are integrated into each panel to allow for inter-panel quality control through major lineage frequency verification. These panels were developed using a five laser BD Symphony A5 conventional cytometer and successfully transferred to a five laser Cytek Aurora spectral cytometer capable of acquiring the panels. Nine representative PBMC samples were stained with the four phenotyping panels and acquired on both instruments to evaluate population frequency and visual staining patterns for gating between the systems. Both instruments produced comparable high quality flow cytometry data and supported our decision to acquire samples on the spectral cytometer moving forward. This modular set of panels and instrument performance metrics provide guidelines for designing flow cytometry experiments suitable for longitudinal or cross-sectional immune profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam Savage
- Allen Institute for Immunology, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Charles Roll
- Allen Institute for Immunology, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Troy Torgerson
- Allen Institute for Immunology, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Thomas Bumol
- Allen Institute for Immunology, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Julian Reading
- Allen Institute for Immunology, Seattle, Washington, USA
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11
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Wacogne B, Vaccari N, Koubevi C, Belinger-Podevin M, Robert-Nicoud M, Rouleau A, Frelet-Barrand A. Absorption Spectra Description for T-Cell Concentrations Determination and Simultaneous Measurements of Species during Co-Cultures. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:s22239223. [PMID: 36501924 PMCID: PMC9738982 DOI: 10.3390/s22239223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products are promising drugs for patients in therapeutic impasses. Their complex fabrication process implies regular quality controls to monitor cell concentration. Among the different methods available, optical techniques offer several advantages. Our study aims to measure cell concentration in real time in a potential closed-loop environment using white light spectroscopy and to test the possibility of simultaneously measuring concentrations of several species. By analyzing the shapes of the absorption spectra, this system allowed the quantification of T-cells with an accuracy of about 3% during 30 h of cultivation monitoring and 26 h of doubling time, coherent with what is expected for normal cell culture. Moreover, our system permitted concentration measurements for two species in reconstructed co-cultures of T-cells and Candida albicans yeasts. This method can now be applied to any single or co-culture, it allows real-time monitoring, and can be easily integrated into a closed system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Wacogne
- FEMTO-ST Institute, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, CNRS, 15B Avenue Des Montboucons, 25030 Besançon, France
- INSERM CIC 1431, Besançon University Hospital, 2 Place Saint-Jacques, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Naïs Vaccari
- FEMTO-ST Institute, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, CNRS, 15B Avenue Des Montboucons, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Claudia Koubevi
- FEMTO-ST Institute, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, CNRS, 15B Avenue Des Montboucons, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Marine Belinger-Podevin
- FEMTO-ST Institute, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, CNRS, 15B Avenue Des Montboucons, 25030 Besançon, France
| | | | - Alain Rouleau
- FEMTO-ST Institute, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, CNRS, 15B Avenue Des Montboucons, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Annie Frelet-Barrand
- FEMTO-ST Institute, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, CNRS, 15B Avenue Des Montboucons, 25030 Besançon, France
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12
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Baldini C, Danlos FX, Varga A, Texier M, Halse H, Mouraud S, Cassard L, Champiat S, Signolle N, Vuagnat P, Martin-Romano P, Michot JM, Bahleda R, Gazzah A, Boselli L, Bredel D, Grivel J, Mohamed-Djalim C, Escriou G, Grynszpan L, Bigorgne A, Rafie S, Abbassi A, Ribrag V, Postel-Vinay S, Hollebecque A, Susini S, Farhane S, Lacroix L, Parpaleix A, Laghouati S, Zitvogel L, Adam J, Chaput N, Soria JC, Massard C, Marabelle A. Safety, recommended dose, efficacy and immune correlates for nintedanib in combination with pembrolizumab in patients with advanced cancers. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2022; 41:217. [PMID: 35794623 PMCID: PMC9260998 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02423-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background We aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of nintedanib, an oral anti-angiogenic tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in combination with pembrolizumab, an anti-PD1 immunotherapy, in patients with advanced solid tumors (PEMBIB trial; NCT02856425). Methods In this monocentric phase Ib dose escalation cohort, we evaluated escalating doses of nintedanib (Dose level 1 (DL1) = 150 mg bid [bis in die, as twice a day]; DL2 = 200 mg bid, oral delivery) in combination with pembrolizumab (200 mg Q3W, IV). Patients received a 1-week lead-in dose of nintedanib monotherapy prior starting pembrolizumab. The primary objective was to establish the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of the combination based on dose limiting toxicity (DLT) occurrence during the first 4 weeks. Secondary objectives were to assess the anti-tumor efficacy and to identify the associated immune and angiogenic parameters in order to establish the recommended nintedanib dose for expansion cohorts. Flow cytometry (FC), Immuno-Histo-Chemistry (IHC) and electrochemiluminescence multi-arrays were prospectively performed on baseline & on-treatment tumor and blood samples to identify immune correlates of efficacy. Results A total of 12/13 patients enrolled were evaluable for DLT (1 patient withdrew consent prior receiving pembrolizumab). Three patients at 200 mg bid experienced a DLT (grade 3 liver enzymes increase). Four patients developed grade 1–2 immune related adverse events (irAE). Eight patients died because of cancer progression. Median follow-up was 23.7 months (95%CI: 5.55–40.5). Three patients developed a partial response (PR) (ORR = 25%) and five patients (42%) had durable clinical benefit (DCB), defined as PR or stable disease (SD) ≥ 6 months. At baseline, patients with DCB had higher plasma levels of Tie2, CXCL10, CCL22 and circulating CD4+ PD1+ OX40+ T cells than patients without DCB. Patients with DCB presented also with more DC-LAMP+ dendritic cells, CD3+ T cells and FOXP3+ Tregs in baseline tumor biopsies. For DCB patients, the nintedanib lead-in monotherapy resulted in higher blood CCL3, Tregs and CCR4+ CXCR3+ CXCR5− memory CD4 T cells. After the first pembrolizumab infusion, patients with DCB showed lower IL-6, IL-8, IL-27 plasma levels. Conclusion Nintedanib 150 mg bid is the recommended dose for combination with pembrolizumab and is currently investigated in multiple expansion cohorts. Early tumoral and circulating immune factors were associated with cancer outcome under nintedanib & pembrolizumab therapy. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02856425. Registered August 4, 2016 — Prospectively registered. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-022-02423-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Capucine Baldini
- Département d'Innovation Thérapeutique et d'Essais Précoces (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Francois-Xavier Danlos
- Département d'Innovation Thérapeutique et d'Essais Précoces (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,INSERM U1015 & CIC1428, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France
| | - Andreea Varga
- Département d'Innovation Thérapeutique et d'Essais Précoces (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Matthieu Texier
- Département de Biostatistiques, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | | | - Lydie Cassard
- Laboratoire d'Immuno-Oncologie (LIO), CNRS-UMS 3655 and INSERM-US23, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Stéphane Champiat
- Département d'Innovation Thérapeutique et d'Essais Précoces (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Nicolas Signolle
- INSERM U981, Department of Experimental Pathology, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Perrine Vuagnat
- Département d'Innovation Thérapeutique et d'Essais Précoces (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Département d'Oncologie Médicale, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Patricia Martin-Romano
- Département d'Innovation Thérapeutique et d'Essais Précoces (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Jean-Marie Michot
- Département d'Innovation Thérapeutique et d'Essais Précoces (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Rastislav Bahleda
- Département d'Innovation Thérapeutique et d'Essais Précoces (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Anas Gazzah
- Département d'Innovation Thérapeutique et d'Essais Précoces (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Lisa Boselli
- Laboratoire d'Immuno-Oncologie (LIO), CNRS-UMS 3655 and INSERM-US23, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Jonathan Grivel
- Laboratoire d'Immuno-Oncologie (LIO), CNRS-UMS 3655 and INSERM-US23, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | | | - Laetitia Grynszpan
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Saloomeh Rafie
- Département d'Innovation Thérapeutique et d'Essais Précoces (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Alae Abbassi
- Département d'Innovation Thérapeutique et d'Essais Précoces (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Vincent Ribrag
- Département d'Innovation Thérapeutique et d'Essais Précoces (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Sophie Postel-Vinay
- Département d'Innovation Thérapeutique et d'Essais Précoces (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,INSERM U981, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Antoine Hollebecque
- Département d'Innovation Thérapeutique et d'Essais Précoces (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Siham Farhane
- Département d'Innovation Thérapeutique et d'Essais Précoces (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Ludovic Lacroix
- Département de Biopathologie, AMMICA, INSERM US23/CNRS UMS3655, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Aurelien Parpaleix
- Service de Promotion des Etudes Cliniques, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Laurence Zitvogel
- INSERM U1015 & CIC1428, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France
| | - Julien Adam
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France.,Service d'Anatomo-Pathologie, Hôpital Paris Saint-Joseph, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Chaput
- Laboratoire d'Immuno-Oncologie (LIO), CNRS-UMS 3655 and INSERM-US23, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Christophe Massard
- Département d'Innovation Thérapeutique et d'Essais Précoces (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Aurelien Marabelle
- Département d'Innovation Thérapeutique et d'Essais Précoces (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. .,INSERM U1015 & CIC1428, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. .,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France.
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13
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Navas A, Van de Wijer L, Jacobs-Cleophas M, Schimmel-Naber AM, van Cranenbroek B, van der Heijden WA, van der Lei RJ, Vergara Z, Netea MG, van der Ven AJAM, Kapinsky M, Koenen HJPM, Joosten LAB. Comprehensive phenotyping of circulating immune cell subsets in people living with HIV. J Immunol Methods 2022; 507:113307. [PMID: 35760096 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2022.113307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Systemic chronic inflammation and immune dysfunction are recognized as drivers of the development of non-AIDS related comorbidities (NARCs) in people living with HIV (PLHIV). In order to lower the risk of NARCs, it is critical to elucidate what is the contribution of alterations in the composition and function of circulating immune cells to NARCs-related pathogenesis. Findings from previous immunophenotyping studies in PLHIV are highly heterogeneous and it is not fully understood to what extent phenotypic changes on immune cells play a role in the dysregulated inflammatory response observed. In this study, three flow cytometry panels were designed and standardized to phenotypically and functionally identify the main circulating immune cell subsets in PLHIV. To reduce variability, up to 10 markers out of the approximately 20 markers in each panel were used in a custom dry format DURA Innovations (LUCID product line). Intra-assay precision tests performed for the selected cell subsets showed that the three panels had a %CV below 18% for percent of positive cells and the MFI (mean fluorescent intensity) of lineage markers. Our reported pipeline for immunophenotypic analysis facilitated the discrimination of 1153 cell populations, providing an integrated overview of circulating innate and adaptative immune cells as well as the cells' functional status in terms of activation, exhaustion, and maturation. When combined with unsupervised computational techniques, this standardized immunophenotyping approach may support the discovery of novel phenotypes with clinical relevance in NARCs and demonstrate future utility in other immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Navas
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Lisa Van de Wijer
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Maartje Jacobs-Cleophas
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - A Marlies Schimmel-Naber
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory for Medical Immunology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Bram van Cranenbroek
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory for Medical Immunology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter A van der Heijden
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Roelof J van der Lei
- Beckman Coulter Life Sciences, 5350 Lakeview Pkwy S Drive Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Zaida Vergara
- Beckman Coulter Life Sciences, 5350 Lakeview Pkwy S Drive Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Immunology and Metabolism, Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - André J A M van der Ven
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Michael Kapinsky
- Beckman Coulter Life Sciences, 5350 Lakeview Pkwy S Drive Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Hans J P M Koenen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory for Medical Immunology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Leo A B Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Genetics, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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14
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Carril-Ajuria L, Desnoyer A, Meylan M, Dalban C, Naigeon M, Cassard L, Vano Y, Rioux-Leclercq N, Chouaib S, Beuselinck B, Chabaud S, Barros-Monteiro J, Bougoüin A, Lacroix G, Colina-Moreno I, Tantot F, Boselli L, De Oliveira C, Fridman WH, Escudier B, Sautes-Fridman C, Albiges L, Chaput-Gras N. Baseline circulating unswitched memory B cells and B-cell related soluble factors are associated with overall survival in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma treated with nivolumab within the NIVOREN GETUG-AFU 26 study. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2022-004885. [PMID: 35640928 PMCID: PMC9157347 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-004885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The phase II NIVOREN GETUG-AFU 26 study reported safety and efficacy of nivolumab in patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (m-ccRCC) in a 'real-world setting'. We conducted a translational-research program to determine whether specific circulating immune-cell populations and/or soluble factors at baseline were predictive of clinical outcomes in patients with m-ccRCC treated with nivolumab within the NIVOREN study. METHODS Absolute numbers of 106 circulating immune-cell populations were prospectively analyzed in patients treated at a single institution within the NIVOREN trial with available fresh-whole-blood, using dry formulation panels for multicolor flow cytometry. In addition, a panel of 14 predefined soluble factors was quantified for each baseline plasma sample using the Meso-Scale-Discovery immunoassay. The remaining patients with available plasma sample were used as a validation cohort for the soluble factor quantification analysis. Tumor immune microenvironment characterization of all patients included in the translational program of the study was available. The association of blood and tissue-based biomarkers, with overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and response was analyzed. RESULTS Among the 44 patients, baseline unswitched memory B cells (NSwM B cells) were enriched in responders (p=0.006) and associated with improved OS (HR=0.08, p=0.002) and PFS (HR=0.54, p=0.048). Responders were enriched in circulating T follicular helper (Tfh) (p=0.027) and tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) (p=0.043). Circulating NSwM B cells positively correlated with Tfh (r=0.70, p<0.001). Circulating NSwM B cells correlated positively with TLS and CD20 +B cells at the tumor center (r=0.59, p=0.044, and r=0.52, p=0.033) and inversely correlated with BCA-1/CXCL13 and BAFF (r=-0.55 and r=-0.42, p<0.001). Tfh cells also inversely correlated with BCA-1/CXCL13 (r=-0.61, p<0.001). IL-6, BCA-1/CXCL13 and BAFF significantly associated with worse OS in the discovery (n=40) and validation cohorts (n=313). CONCLUSION We report the first fresh blood immune-monitoring of patients with m-ccRCC treated with nivolumab. Baseline blood concentration of NSwM B cells was associated to response, PFS and OS in patients with m-ccRCC treated with nivolumab. BCA-1/CXCL13 and BAFF, inversely correlated to NSwM B cells, were both associated with worse OS in discovery and validation cohorts. Our data confirms a role for B cell subsets in the response to immune checkpoint blockade therapy in patients with m-ccRCC. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Carril-Ajuria
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Institut Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Laboratory for Immunomonitoring in Oncology, Institut Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Aude Desnoyer
- Laboratory for Immunomonitoring in Oncology, Institut Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Saclay, Chatenay-Malabray, France
| | - Maxime Meylan
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm UMR S1138, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Dalban
- Department of Biostatistics, Centre Leon Bernard, Lyon, France
| | - Marie Naigeon
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Saclay, Chatenay-Malabray, France.,Laboratoire d'immunomonitoring En Oncologie, Institut Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicetre, France
| | - Lydie Cassard
- Laboratory for Immunomonitoring in Oncology, Institut Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Yann Vano
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm UMR S1138, Paris, France.,Service d'Oncologie Medicale, Hopital Europeen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Rioux-Leclercq
- Service Anatomie Etcytologie Pathologiques, CHU, Université de Rennes, Universite de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Salem Chouaib
- Department of Immunology, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Sylvie Chabaud
- Department of Biostatistics, Centre Leon Bernard, Lyon, France
| | | | - Antoine Bougoüin
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm UMR S1138, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Lisa Boselli
- Laboratory for Immunomonitoring in Oncology, Institut Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Caroline De Oliveira
- Laboratory for Immunomonitoring in Oncology, Institut Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Bernard Escudier
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Institut Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Laurence Albiges
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Institut Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicetre, France
| | - Nathalie Chaput-Gras
- Laboratory for Immunomonitoring in Oncology, Institut Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France .,Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Saclay, Chatenay-Malabray, France
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15
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Nguyen LS, Bretagne M, Arrondeau J, Zahr N, Ederhy S, Abbar B, Pinna B, Allenbach Y, Mira JP, Moslehi J, Rosenzwajg M, Salem JE. Reversal of immune-checkpoint inhibitor fulminant myocarditis using personalized-dose-adjusted abatacept and ruxolitinib: proof of concept. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:e004699. [PMID: 35383117 PMCID: PMC8984056 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-004699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have revolutionized cancer therapy but are associated with infrequent but lethal myocarditis, for which management remains uncertain. Abatacept, a CTLA-4 fusion protein targeting CD86 on antigen presenting cells and leading to global T-cell anergy, has been described as a potential treatment in individual reports. Yet, abatacept treatment dosage, schedule and optimal combination with other immunosuppressive therapies are unclear. We describe a 25-year-old man who developed pembrolizumab (anti-PD1)-induced myocarditis 14 days after first injection for thymoma treatment, which deteriorated into cardiogenic shock, with sustained ventricular arrhythmia, requiring urgent extracorporeal life support implantation, despite prompt initiation of corticosteroids and mycophenolate-mofetil. Using a strategy of serial measurement ensuring with a target of >80% CD86 receptor occupancy on circulating monocytes, abatacept dose was adjusted and combined with ruxolitinib and methylprednisolone. This strategy resulted in high-dose of abatacept: 60 mg/kg in three doses (20 mg/kg each) within the first 10 days, followed by two doses. Clinical improvement occurred within 7 days, with resolution of systolic cardiac dysfunction, and ventricular arrhythmias resulting in successful discharge from hospital. We reversed a case of nearly lethal ICI-myocarditis, using specific patient-dose adjusted abatacept, which may serve as basis for personalized treatment of patients with severe ICI-adverse events. Trial registration number: NCT04294771.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee S Nguyen
- Research and Innovation of CMC Ambroise Paré (RICAP), Centre Medico-Chirurgical Ambroise Paré, Neuilly-sur-Seine, France
| | - Marie Bretagne
- Department of Pharmacology, UNICO-GRECO Cardio-Oncology Program, Sorbonne Université, INSERM CIC-1901, AP.HP.Sorbonne, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Jennifer Arrondeau
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Cochin Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Noel Zahr
- AP-HP, Inserm, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Pharmacology, CIC-1901, Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Unit, UMR-S 1166, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Stephane Ederhy
- Cardiology Department and Sorbonne Université, GRC n°27, Groupe de Recherche en Cardio-Oncologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Baptiste Abbar
- INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie, CLIP2 Galilée, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Pinna
- Department of Pharmacology, UNICO-GRECO Cardio-Oncology Program, Sorbonne Université, INSERM CIC-1901, AP.HP.Sorbonne, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Yves Allenbach
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Pitié Salpetriere Hospital, APHP, INSERM, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Paul Mira
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Centre, Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Javid Moslehi
- Section of Cardio-Oncology & Immunology, Division of Cardiology and the Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Michelle Rosenzwajg
- INSERM UMRS_959; APHP. Sorbonne, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Clinical Investigation Center in Biotherapy (CIC-BTi) and Immunology-Inflammation-Infectiology and Dermatology Department (3iD), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Joe-Elie Salem
- Department of Pharmacology, UNICO-GRECO Cardio-Oncology Program, Sorbonne Université, INSERM CIC-1901, AP.HP.Sorbonne, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
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16
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Eerkens AL, Vledder A, Rooij N, Foijer F, Nijman HW, Bruyn M. Rapid and efficient generation of antigen‐specific isogenic T cells from cryopreserved blood samples. Immunol Cell Biol 2022; 100:285-295. [PMID: 35194830 PMCID: PMC9314923 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR‐associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9)‐mediated gene editing has been leveraged for the modification of human and mouse T cells. However, limited experience is available on the application of CRISPR/Cas9 electroporation in cryopreserved T cells collected during clinical trials. To address this, we aimed to optimize a CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated gene editing protocol compatible with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) samples routinely produced during clinical trials. PBMCs from healthy donors were used to generate knockout T‐cell models for interferon‐γ, Cbl proto‐oncogene B (CBLB), Fas cell surface death receptor (Fas) and T‐cell receptor (TCRαβ) genes. The effect of CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated gene editing on T cells was evaluated using apoptosis assays, cytokine bead arrays and ex vivo and in vitro stimulation assays. Our results demonstrate that CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated gene editing of ex vivo T cells is efficient and does not overtly affect T‐cell viability. Cytokine release and T‐cell proliferation were not affected in gene‐edited T cells. Interestingly, memory T cells were more susceptible to CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing than naïve T cells. Ex vivo and in vitro stimulation with antigens resulted in equivalent antigen‐specific T‐cell responses in gene‐edited and untouched control cells, making CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated gene editing compatible with clinical antigen‐specific T‐cell activation and expansion assays. Here, we report an optimized protocol for rapid, viable and highly efficient genetic modification in ex vivo human antigen‐specific T cells, for subsequent functional evaluation and/or expansion. Our platform extends CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated gene editing for use in gold‐standard clinically used immune‐monitoring pipelines and serves as a starting point for development of analogous approaches, such as those including transcriptional activators and/or epigenetic modifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneke L Eerkens
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Annegé Vledder
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Nienke Rooij
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Floris Foijer
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Hans W Nijman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Marco Bruyn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
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17
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Bie F, Tian H, Sun N, Zang R, Zhang M, Song P, Liu L, Peng Y, Bai G, Zhou B, Gao S. Research Progress of Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Immunotherapy Related Mechanisms and Predictive Biomarkers in NSCLC. Front Oncol 2022; 12:769124. [PMID: 35223466 PMCID: PMC8863729 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.769124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is an important pair of immune checkpoints (IC), which play an essential role in the immune escaping process of tumors. Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy can block the suppression effect of the immune system produced by tumor cells through the PD-1/PD-L1 axis and restore the pernicious effect of the immune system on tumor cells. The specific mechanism of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy is closely related to PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase)/AKT (AKT serine/threonine kinase 1), JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase), NF-kB (nuclear factor-kappa B subunit 1), and other complex signaling pathways. Patients receiving anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy are prone to drug resistance. The mechanisms of drug resistance mainly include weakening recognition of tumor antigens by immune cells, inhibiting activation of immune cells, and promoting the production of suppressive immune cells and molecules. Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy plays a vital role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It is essential to find better efficacy prediction-related biomarkers and screen patients suitable for immunotherapy. At present, common biomarkers related to predicting immune efficacy mainly include PD-L1 expression level in tumors, tumor mutation burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI)/mismatch repair (MMR), mutations of driver gene, etc. However, the screening efficacy of each indicator is not ideal, and the combined application of multiple indicators is currently used. This article comprehensively reviews anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy-related mechanisms, drug resistance-related mechanisms, and therapeutic efficacy-related predictive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenglong Bie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - He Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ruochuan Zang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Moyan Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guangyu Bai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bolun Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shugeng Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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18
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Wagner W. How to Translate DNA Methylation Biomarkers Into Clinical Practice. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:854797. [PMID: 35281115 PMCID: PMC8905294 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.854797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in sequencing technologies provide unprecedented opportunities for epigenetic biomarker development. Particularly the DNA methylation pattern-which is modified at specific sites in the genome during cellular differentiation, aging, and disease-holds high hopes for a wide variety of diagnostic applications. While many epigenetic biomarkers have been described, only very few of them have so far been successfully translated into clinical practice and almost exclusively in the field of oncology. This discrepancy might be attributed to the different demands of either publishing a new finding or establishing a standardized and approved diagnostic procedure. This is exemplified for epigenetic leukocyte counts and epigenetic age-predictions. To ease later clinical translation, the following hallmarks should already be taken into consideration when designing epigenetic biomarkers: 1) Identification of best genomic regions, 2) pre-analytical processing, 3) accuracy of DNA methylation measurements, 4) identification of confounding parameters, 5) accreditation as diagnostic procedure, 6) standardized data analysis, 7) turnaround time, and 8) costs and customer requirements. While the initial selection of relevant genomic regions is usually performed on genome wide DNA methylation profiles, it might be advantageous to subsequently establish targeted assays that focus on specific genomic regions. Development of an epigenetic biomarker for clinical application is a long and cumbersome process that is only initiated with the identification of an epigenetic signature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Wagner
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany
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19
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Duchemann B, Naigeon M, Auclin E, Ferrara R, Cassard L, Jouniaux JM, Boselli L, Grivel J, Desnoyer A, Danlos FX, Mezquita L, Caramella C, Marabelle A, Besse B, Chaput N. CD8 +PD-1 + to CD4 +PD-1 + ratio (PERLS) is associated with prognosis of patients with advanced NSCLC treated with PD-(L)1 blockers. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2021-004012. [PMID: 35131864 PMCID: PMC8823243 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-004012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) expression has been associated with activation and exhaustion of both the CD4 and CD8 populations in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (aNSCLC). Nevertheless, the impact of the balance between circulating CD8+PD-1+ and CD4+PD-1+ in patients treated with immune checkpoint blockers (ICB) is unknown. Methods The CD8+PD-1+ to CD4+PD-1+ ratio (PD-1-Expressing Ratio on Lymphocytes in a Systemic blood sample, or ‘PERLS’) was determined by cytometry in fresh whole blood from patients with aNSCLC before treatment with single-agent ICB targeting PD-1 or programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1 (discovery cohort). A PERLS cut-off was identified by log-rank maximization. Patients treated with ICB (validation cohort) or polychemotherapy (control cohort) were classified as PERLS+/− (above/below cut-off). Circulating immune cell phenotype and function were correlated with PERLS. A composite score (good, intermediate and poor) was determined using the combination of PERLS and senescent immune phenotype as previously described in aNSCLC. Results In the discovery cohort (N=75), the PERLS cut-off was 1.91, and 11% of patients were PERLS+. PERLS + correlated significantly with median progression-free survival (PFS) of 9.63 months (95% CI 7.82 to not reached (NR)) versus 2.69 months (95% CI 1.81 to 5.52; p=0.03). In an independent validation cohort (N=36), median PFS was NR (95% CI 7.9 to NR) versus 2.00 months (95% CI 1.3 to 4.5; p=0.04) for PERLS + and PERLS−, respectively; overall survival (OS) followed a similar but non-significant trend. In the pooled cohort (N=111), PERLS + correlated significantly with PFS and OS. PERLS did not correlate with outcome in the polychemotherapy cohort. PERLS did not correlate with clinical characteristics but was significantly associated with baseline circulating naïve CD4+ T cells and the increase of memory T cells post-ICB treatment. Accumulation of memory T cells during treatment was linked to CD4+ T cell polyfunctionality. The composite score was evaluated in the pooled cohort (N=68). The median OS for good, intermediate and poor composite scores was NR (95% CI NR to NR), 8.54 months (95% CI 4.96 to NR) and 2.42 months (95% CI 1.97 to 15.5; p=0.001), respectively. The median PFS was 12.60 months (95% CI 9.63 to NR), 2.58 months (95% CI 1.74 to 7.29) and 1.76 months (95% CI 1.31 to 4.57; p<0.0001), respectively. Conclusions Elevated PERLS, determined from a blood sample before immunotherapy, was correlated with benefit from PD-(L)1 blockers in aNSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Duchemann
- Laboratoire d'Immunomonitoring en Oncologie, INSERM US23, CNRS UMS 3655, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, Île-de-France, France.,Faculté de medecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Saint-Aubin, Île-de-France, France
| | - Marie Naigeon
- Laboratoire d'Immunomonitoring en Oncologie, INSERM US23, CNRS UMS 3655, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, Île-de-France, France.,Faculte de Pharmacie, Universite Paris-Saclay, Chatenay-Malabry, Île-de-France, France
| | - Edouard Auclin
- Department of Oncology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou Cancérologie, Paris, France
| | - Roberto Ferrara
- Department of Medical Oncology, Thoracic Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Lombardia, Italy
| | - Lydie Cassard
- Laboratoire d'Immunomonitoring en Oncologie, INSERM US23, CNRS UMS 3655, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, Île-de-France, France
| | - Jean-Mehdi Jouniaux
- Laboratoire d'Immunomonitoring en Oncologie, INSERM US23, CNRS UMS 3655, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, Île-de-France, France
| | - Lisa Boselli
- Laboratoire d'Immunomonitoring en Oncologie, INSERM US23, CNRS UMS 3655, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, Île-de-France, France
| | - Jonathan Grivel
- Laboratoire d'Immunomonitoring en Oncologie, INSERM US23, CNRS UMS 3655, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, Île-de-France, France
| | - Aude Desnoyer
- Laboratoire d'Immunomonitoring en Oncologie, INSERM US23, CNRS UMS 3655, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, Île-de-France, France
| | - François-Xavier Danlos
- LRTI, INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Département Innovations Thérapeutiques Essais Précoces, Institut Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Laura Mezquita
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Caroline Caramella
- Department of Radiology, Groupe hospitalier Paris Saint-Joseph, Paris, Île-de-France, France
| | - Aurelien Marabelle
- LRTI, INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, Île-de-France, France.,Département Innovations Thérapeutiques Essais Précoces, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, Île-de-France, France
| | - Benjamin Besse
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Île-de-France, France.,Comité de pathologie thoracique, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, Île-de-France, France
| | - Nathalie Chaput
- Laboratoire d'Immunomonitoring en Oncologie, INSERM US23, CNRS UMS 3655, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, Île-de-France, France .,Faculte de Pharmacie, Universite Paris-Saclay, Chatenay-Malabry, Île-de-France, France
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20
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21
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Vazquez J, Sheerar D, Stanic AK, Patankar MS. Multiparameter Flow Cytometry for Detailed Characterization of Peritoneal Immune Cells from Patients with Ovarian Cancer. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2424:43-58. [PMID: 34918286 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1956-8_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Multiparameter flow cytometry is a convenient and efficient method for thorough phenotyping of cells, and especially immune cells from various tissues. We have successfully used multiparameter flow cytometry to characterize immune cells from patients with ovarian cancer and leveraged dimensionality reduction and machine learning for optimized visualization and analysis. Herein, we describe our optimized and established protocols for the labeling of cells with fluorophore-conjugated antibody panels, followed by details on data acquisition. Finally, we describe methods for analysis of the flow cytometry data using both FlowJo as well as R package, Cytofkit, for multidimensional data visualization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Vazquez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Dagna Sheerar
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Aleksandar K Stanic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - Manish S Patankar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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22
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Desvaux E, Aussy A, Hubert S, Keime-Guibert F, Blesius A, Soret P, Guedj M, Pers JO, Laigle L, Moingeon P. Model-based computational precision medicine to develop combination therapies for autoimmune diseases. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2021; 18:47-56. [PMID: 34842494 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2022.2012452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The complex pathophysiology of autoimmune diseases (AIDs) is being progressively deciphered, providing evidence for a multiplicity of pro-inflammatory pathways underlying heterogeneous clinical phenotypes and disease evolution. AREAS COVERED Treatment strategies involving drug combinations are emerging as a preferred option to achieve remission in a vast majority of patients affected by systemic AIDs. The design of appropriate drug combinations can benefit from AID modeling following a comprehensive multi-omics molecular profiling of patients combined with Artificial Intelligence (AI)-powered computational analyses. Such disease models support patient stratification in homogeneous subgroups, shed light on dysregulated pro-inflammatory pathways and yield hypotheses regarding potential therapeutic targets and candidate biomarkers to stratify and monitor patients during treatment. AID models inform the rational design of combination therapies interfering with independent pro-inflammatory pathways related to either one of five prominent immune compartments contributing to the pathophysiology of AIDs, i.e. pro-inflammatory signals originating from tissues, innate immune mechanisms, T lymphocyte activation, autoantibodies and B cell activation, as well as soluble mediators involved in immune cross-talk. EXPERT OPINION The optimal management of AIDs in the future will rely upon rationally designed combination therapies, as a modality of a model-based Computational Precision Medicine taking into account the patients' biological and clinical specificities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiko Desvaux
- Servier, Research and Development, Suresnes Cedex, France.,U1227 -Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Univ Brest, CHRU Morvan, Brest Cedex, France
| | - Audrey Aussy
- Servier, Research and Development, Suresnes Cedex, France
| | - Sandra Hubert
- Servier, Research and Development, Suresnes Cedex, France
| | | | - Alexia Blesius
- Servier, Research and Development, Suresnes Cedex, France
| | - Perrine Soret
- Servier, Research and Development, Suresnes Cedex, France
| | - Mickaël Guedj
- Servier, Research and Development, Suresnes Cedex, France
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23
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Gefitinib plus tremelimumab combination in refractory non-small cell lung cancer patients harbouring EGFR mutations: The GEFTREM phase I trial. Lung Cancer 2021; 166:255-264. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2021.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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24
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Veninga A, Baaten CCFMJ, De Simone I, Tullemans BME, Kuijpers MJE, Heemskerk JWM, van der Meijden PEJ. Effects of Platelet Agonists and Priming on the Formation of Platelet Populations. Thromb Haemost 2021; 122:726-738. [PMID: 34689320 PMCID: PMC9197595 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1735972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Platelets from healthy donors display heterogeneity in responsiveness to agonists. The response thresholds of platelets are controlled by multiple bioactive molecules, acting as negatively or positively priming substances. Higher circulating levels of priming substances adenosine and succinate, as well as the occurrence of hypercoagulability, have been described for patients with ischaemic heart disease. Here, we present an improved methodology of flow cytometric analyses of platelet activation and the characterisation of platelet populations following activation and priming by automated clustering analysis.Platelets were treated with adenosine, succinate, or coagulated plasma before stimulation with CRP-XL, 2-MeSADP, or TRAP6 and labelled for activated integrin αIIbβ3 (PAC1), CD62P, TLT1, CD63, and GPIX. The Super-Enhanced Dmax subtraction algorithm and 2% marker (quadrant) setting were applied to identify populations, which were further defined by state-of-the-art clustering techniques (tSNE, FlowSOM).Following activation, five platelet populations were identified: resting, aggregating (PAC1 + ), secreting (α- and dense-granules; CD62P + , TLT1 + , CD63 + ), aggregating plus α-granule secreting (PAC1 + , CD62P + , TLT1 + ), and fully active platelet populations. The type of agonist determined the distribution of platelet populations. Adenosine in a dose-dependent way suppressed the fraction of fully activated platelets (TRAP6 > 2-MeSADP > CRP-XL), whereas succinate and coagulated plasma increased this fraction (CRP-XL > TRAP6 > 2-MeSADP). Interestingly, a subset of platelets showed a constant response (aggregating, secreting, or aggregating plus α-granule secreting), which was hardly affected by the stimulus strength or priming substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Veninga
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Constance C F M J Baaten
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, The Netherlands.,Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Germany
| | - Ilaria De Simone
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, The Netherlands.,Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Bibian M E Tullemans
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Marijke J E Kuijpers
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, The Netherlands.,Thrombosis Expertise Center, Heart and Vascular Center, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Johan W M Heemskerk
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Paola E J van der Meijden
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, The Netherlands.,Thrombosis Expertise Center, Heart and Vascular Center, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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25
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Cao Y, Yu X, Han B, Dong L, Xu J, Dai Y, Li G, Zhao J. In Situ Programmable DNA Circuit-Promoted Electrochemical Characterization of Stemlike Phenotype in Breast Cancer. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:16078-16086. [PMID: 34495654 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c06436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant diseases among women worldwide, and the existence of breast cancer stem cells is closely associated with poor outcomes. Herein, we report an electrochemical phenotyping method to characterize the stemlike phenotype in breast cancer, offering a low-cost but robust choice other than the highly expensive and experience-dependent flow cytometry. Specially, after immune-magnetic beads-assisted enrichment, an in situ programmable DNA circuit is designed using capture probes to bring in the toeholds for DNA assembly and effector probes to accelerate the removal of background signals. The electrochemical phenotyping method could sensitively determine breast cancer stem cells in a wide linear range and exhibit desirable accuracy and reliability. The method can not only monitor the phenotypic transition of breast cancer cells and the drug-reversed effect but also determinate stemlike phenotype in the mice bearing breast cancer xenograft tumor. Overall, the electrochemical phenotyping method may provide promising technical support for precise management of breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Cao
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomeng Yu
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Bing Han
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Langjian Dong
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Xu
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Yuhao Dai
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Genxi Li
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
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26
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Bourgoin P, Belkacem IA, Arnoux I, Morange PE, Malergue F. Direct freezing of whole blood enables analysis of leucocyte markers by flow cytometry: a proof-of-concept study. Future Microbiol 2021; 16:955-966. [PMID: 34406067 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2021-0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: A new one-step flow cytometry procedure has been recently demonstrated for identifying subjects with infections, but only for fresh whole blood samples. The goal of this study was to assess its applicability on frozen samples, by proposing a new method to perform the sample freezing directly and easily. Methods: Fresh blood was tested, then frozen either directly or with dimethylsulfoxide and serum. Common markers of white blood cells as well as infection-related biomarkers were tested. Results: All percentages of leucocyte subsets and levels of infection-related biomarkers were significantly correlated between frozen and fresh samples. Conclusion: The direct freezing method enables an accurate assessment of common cellular sub-populations and of levels of important infectious biomarkers via flow cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pénélope Bourgoin
- Department of Research & Development, Beckman Coulter Life Sciences-Immunotech, 130 Avenue de Lattre de Tassigny, Marseille, 13009, France.,C2VN INSERM-INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, Marseille, 13385, France
| | - Inès Ait Belkacem
- Department of Research & Development, Beckman Coulter Life Sciences-Immunotech, 130 Avenue de Lattre de Tassigny, Marseille, 13009, France.,UMR 7280, Marseille-Luminy Immunology Center (CIML), Marseille, 13009, France
| | - Isabelle Arnoux
- Laboratory of Hematology, La Timone Hospital, 264 Rue Saint-Pierre, Marseille, 13385, France
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Morange
- C2VN INSERM-INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, Marseille, 13385, France.,Laboratory of Hematology, La Timone Hospital, 264 Rue Saint-Pierre, Marseille, 13385, France
| | - Fabrice Malergue
- Department of Research & Development, Beckman Coulter Life Sciences-Immunotech, 130 Avenue de Lattre de Tassigny, Marseille, 13009, France
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27
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Pasqualini C, Rubino J, Brard C, Cassard L, André N, Rondof W, Scoazec JY, Marchais A, Nebchi S, Boselli L, Grivel J, Aerts I, Thebaud E, Paoletti X, Minard-Colin V, Vassal G, Geoerger B. Phase II and biomarker study of programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitor nivolumab and metronomic cyclophosphamide in paediatric relapsed/refractory solid tumours: Arm G of AcSé-ESMART, a trial of the European Innovative Therapies for Children With Cancer Consortium. Eur J Cancer 2021; 150:53-62. [PMID: 33892407 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2021.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE AcSé-ESMART is a European multicentre, proof-of-concept multiarm phase I/II platform trial in paediatric patients with relapsed/refractory cancer. Arm G assessed the activity and safety of nivolumab in combination with metronomic cyclophosphamide +/- irradiation. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Following a Phase II Simon two-stage design, nivolumab was administered intravenously at 3 mg/kg every 2 weeks of a 28-day cycle, oral cyclophosphamide at 25 mg/m2 twice a day, 1 week on/1 week off. The primary endpoint was objective response rate. Irradiation/radioablation of primary tumour or metastasis could be administered as per physician's choice. Biomarker evaluation was performed by tumour immunohistochemistry, whole exome and RNA sequencing, and immunophenotyping of peripheral blood by flow cytometry. RESULTS Thirteen patients were treated with a median age of 15 years (range: 5.5-19.4). The main histologies were high-grade glioma, neuroblastoma, and desmoplastic small round cell tumour (DSRCT). The safety profile was similar to those of single-agent nivolumab, albeit haematologic toxicity, mainly lymphocytopenia, was commonly reported with the addition of cyclophosphamide +/- irradiation. Two patients with DSRCT and ependymoma presented unconfirmed partial response and prolonged disease stabilisation. Low mutational load with modest intratumour CD3+ T-cell infiltration and immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment were observed in the tumour samples. Under combined treatment, no positive modulation of circulating T cells was displayed, while derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio increased. CONCLUSIONS Nivolumab in combination with cyclophosphamide was well tolerated but had limited activity in this paediatric setting. Metronomic cyclophosphamide did not modulate systemic immune response that could compensate limited T-cell infiltration and the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment. CLINICALTRIALS. GOV IDENTIFIER NCT2813135.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Pasqualini
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Jonathan Rubino
- Clinical Research Direction, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Caroline Brard
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Unit, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, INSERM U1018, CESP, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Lydie Cassard
- Laboratory of Immune-Monitoring in Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Nicolas André
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hôpital de La Timone, AP-HM, Marseille, France; UMR Inserm 1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix Marseille Université U105, Marseille Cancer Research Center (CRCM), Marseille, France; Metronomics Global Health Initiative, Marseille, France
| | - Windy Rondof
- INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Jean-Yves Scoazec
- Department of Medical Biology and Pathology of Translational Research and Biobank, AMMICA, Laboratory INSERM US23/CNRS UMS3655, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Antonin Marchais
- INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Souad Nebchi
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Unit, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, INSERM U1018, CESP, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Lisa Boselli
- Laboratory of Immune-Monitoring in Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Jonathan Grivel
- Laboratory of Immune-Monitoring in Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Isabelle Aerts
- SIREDO Oncology Center (Care, Innovation and Research for Children and AYA with Cancer), Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Estelle Thebaud
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nantes, France
| | - Xavier Paoletti
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Unit, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, INSERM U1018, CESP, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Véronique Minard-Colin
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France; INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Gilles Vassal
- Clinical Research Direction, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Birgit Geoerger
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France; INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France.
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28
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Blache U, Weiss R, Boldt A, Kapinsky M, Blaudszun AR, Quaiser A, Pohl A, Miloud T, Burgaud M, Vucinic V, Platzbecker U, Sack U, Fricke S, Koehl U. Advanced Flow Cytometry Assays for Immune Monitoring of CAR-T Cell Applications. Front Immunol 2021; 12:658314. [PMID: 34012442 PMCID: PMC8127837 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.658314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adoptive immunotherapy using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells has achieved successful remissions in refractory B-cell leukemia and B-cell lymphomas. In order to estimate both success and severe side effects of CAR-T cell therapies, longitudinal monitoring of the patient's immune system including CAR-T cells is desirable to accompany clinical staging. To conduct research on the fate and immunological impact of infused CAR-T cells, we established standardized 13-colour/15-parameter flow cytometry assays that are suitable to characterize immune cell subpopulations in the peripheral blood during CAR-T cell treatment. The respective staining technology is based on pre-formulated dry antibody panels in a uniform format. Additionally, further antibodies of choice can be added to address specific clinical or research questions. We designed panels for the anti-CD19 CAR-T therapy and, as a proof of concept, we assessed a healthy individual and three B-cell lymphoma patients treated with anti-CD19 CAR-T cells. We analyzed the presence of anti-CD19 CAR-T cells as well as residual CD19+ B cells, the activation status of the T-cell compartment, the expression of co-stimulatory signaling molecules and cytotoxic agents such as perforin and granzyme B. In summary, this work introduces standardized and modular flow cytometry assays for CAR-T cell clinical research, which could also be adapted in the future as quality controls during the CAR-T cell manufacturing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Blache
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ronald Weiss
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Boldt
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Kapinsky
- Beckman Coulter Life Sciences GmbH, Flow Cytometry Business Unit, Krefeld, Germany
| | | | - Andrea Quaiser
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Annabelle Pohl
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tewfik Miloud
- Beckman Coulter Life Sciences, Flow Cytometry R&D, Marseille, France
| | - Mégane Burgaud
- Beckman Coulter Life Sciences, Flow Cytometry R&D, Marseille, France
| | - Vladan Vucinic
- Medical Faculty, Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Uwe Platzbecker
- Medical Faculty, Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrich Sack
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stephan Fricke
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrike Koehl
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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29
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Baumgaertner P, Sankar M, Herrera F, Benedetti F, Barras D, Thierry AC, Dangaj D, Kandalaft LE, Coukos G, Xenarios I, Guex N, Harari A. Unsupervised Analysis of Flow Cytometry Data in a Clinical Setting Captures Cell Diversity and Allows Population Discovery. Front Immunol 2021; 12:633910. [PMID: 33995353 PMCID: PMC8119773 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.633910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Data obtained with cytometry are increasingly complex and their interrogation impacts the type and quality of knowledge gained. Conventional supervised analyses are limited to pre-defined cell populations and do not exploit the full potential of data. Here, in the context of a clinical trial of cancer patients treated with radiotherapy, we performed longitudinal flow cytometry analyses to identify multiple distinct cell populations in circulating whole blood. We cross-compared the results from state-of-the-art recommended supervised analyses with results from MegaClust, a high-performance data-driven clustering algorithm allowing fast and robust identification of cell-type populations. Ten distinct cell populations were accurately identified by supervised analyses, including main T, B, dendritic cell (DC), natural killer (NK) and monocytes subsets. While all ten subsets were also identified with MegaClust, additional cell populations were revealed (e.g. CD4+HLA-DR+ and NKT-like subsets), and DC profiling was enriched by the assignment of additional subset-specific markers. Comparison between transcriptomic profiles of purified DC populations and publicly available datasets confirmed the accuracy of the unsupervised clustering algorithm and demonstrated its potential to identify rare and scarcely described cell subsets. Our observations show that data-driven analyses of cytometry data significantly enrich the amount and quality of knowledge gained, representing an important step in refining the characterization of immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Baumgaertner
- Centre of Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martial Sankar
- Vital-IT, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fernanda Herrera
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio Benedetti
- Centre of Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David Barras
- Centre of Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Christine Thierry
- Centre of Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Denarda Dangaj
- Centre of Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lana E Kandalaft
- Centre of Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - George Coukos
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ioannis Xenarios
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Guex
- Vital-IT, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Bioinformatics Competence Center (BICC), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Harari
- Centre of Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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30
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Functional changes of immune cells: signal of immune tolerance of the ectopic lesions in endometriosis? Reprod Biomed Online 2021; 43:319-328. [PMID: 34103260 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2021.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION What is the potential role of immune cells and their inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis, development and establishment of endometriosis? DESIGN Peritoneal fluid from 59 women (43 with endometriosis and 16 controls) who had undergone laparoscopic surgery was analysed. Changes in the population of innate and adaptive immune cells, cytokines, chemokines and growth factor expression were measured by flow cytometry, Luminex Technology and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS No differences were found in the frequencies of the innate and adaptive immune cells between women with and without endometriosis. In the peritoneal fluid of women with endometriosis, IL-1β, IL-1RN, IL-2, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 (p70), IL-17α, FGF2, G-CSF, MCP-1, MIP-1α and TNF-α were significantly increased compared with controls. A correlation between IL-2, MCP-1, MIP-1α, TNF-α and the severity of endometriosis was observed. The concentration of neopterin, a possible biomarker for this disease, was increased in women with endometriosis compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS The functional activity of immune cells seemed to be reduced despite their numbers remaining unchanged. The data indicate that a shift of TH cytokine profile occurs, which increases the TH1-TH2 ratio. This is driven by the increased levels of the cytokines (TNF-α and IL-2) in women with severe endometriosis.
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31
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Wang W, Li H, Zhang L, Jiang W, Shen L, Fan G. Clinical applications of monitoring immune status with 90 immune cell subsets in human whole blood by 10-color flow cytometry. Int J Lab Hematol 2021; 43:1132-1144. [PMID: 33870648 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.13541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The immune system may involve and predict the different prognosis and therapy consequences. So, it's important to monitor and evaluate the immune status before and after treatments. METHODS Flow cytometry is the best technology to perform immune monitoring, because it can detect immune cells using small amount of sample in a short time. The whole blood is the ideal sample for immune status monitoring, since it includes almost all the immune cells and it's relatively easy to obtain and less invasive than bone marrow or lymph node. RESULTS Here we developed and validated a 10-color panel with only four tubes containing 29 antibodies to monitor 90 immune cell subsets in 2 ml whole blood samples. The major immune cell populations detected by our panel included T cell subsets (CD3+ total T, Th, Tc, Treg, CD8hi , CD8low , αβTCR, γδTCR, naïve, and memory T), T cell activation markers (CD25, CD69, and HLA-DR) and one immune checkpoint PD1, B cell subsets (B1, switched memory, non-switched, naïve B, and CD27- IgD- B cells), neutrophils, basophils, four monocytic cell subsets, dendritic cells (pDCs and mDCs), and four NK cell subsets. These panels of antibodies had been applied to monitor immune status (percentage and absolute number) in total 303 cases with various diseases, such as leukemia (AML, CML, MM, and ALL), lymphoma (B cells and NK/T cells), cancers (colon, lung, prostate, and breast), immune deficiencies, and autoimmune diseases. CONCLUSION We provided proof of feasibility for clinical monitoring immune status and guiding immunotherapy by multicolor flow cytometry testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wang
- Department of Clinical laboratory, Xinhua hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University of Medicine School, Shanghai, China
| | - Haibo Li
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Lihua Zhang
- Department of Clinical laboratory, Xinhua hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University of Medicine School, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenli Jiang
- Department of Clinical laboratory, Xinhua hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University of Medicine School, Shanghai, China
| | - Lisong Shen
- Department of Clinical laboratory, Xinhua hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University of Medicine School, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Fan
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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32
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Castro CN, Rosenzwajg M, Carapito R, Shahrooei M, Konantz M, Khan A, Miao Z, Groß M, Tranchant T, Radosavljevic M, Paul N, Stemmelen T, Pitoiset F, Hirschler A, Nespola B, Molitor A, Rolli V, Pichot A, Faletti LE, Rinaldi B, Friant S, Mednikov M, Karauzum H, Aman MJ, Carapito C, Lengerke C, Ziaee V, Eyaid W, Ehl S, Alroqi F, Parvaneh N, Bahram S. NCKAP1L defects lead to a novel syndrome combining immunodeficiency, lymphoproliferation, and hyperinflammation. J Exp Med 2021; 217:152004. [PMID: 32766723 PMCID: PMC7526481 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20192275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Nck-associated protein 1–like (NCKAP1L) gene, alternatively called hematopoietic protein 1 (HEM-1), encodes a hematopoietic lineage–specific regulator of the actin cytoskeleton. Nckap1l-deficient mice have anomalies in lymphocyte development, phagocytosis, and neutrophil migration. Here we report, for the first time, NCKAP1L deficiency cases in humans. In two unrelated patients of Middle Eastern origin, recessive mutations in NCKAP1L abolishing protein expression led to immunodeficiency, lymphoproliferation, and hyperinflammation with features of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Immunophenotyping showed an inverted CD4/CD8 ratio with a major shift of both CD4+ and CD8+ cells toward memory compartments, in line with combined RNA-seq/proteomics analyses revealing a T cell exhaustion signature. Consistent with the core function of NCKAP1L in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, patients’ T cells displayed impaired early activation, immune synapse morphology, and leading edge formation. Moreover, knockdown of nckap1l in zebrafish led to defects in neutrophil migration. Hence, NCKAP1L mutations lead to broad immune dysregulation in humans, which could be classified within actinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Noemi Castro
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michelle Rosenzwajg
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Biotherapy (Centre d'Investigation Clinique intégré en Biothérapies & immunologie; CIC-BTi) and Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (i2B), Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR_S 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Paris, France
| | - Raphael Carapito
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Laboratory of Excellence TRANSPLANTEX, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Plateau Technique de Biologie, Pôle de Biologie, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Mohammad Shahrooei
- Specialized Immunology Laboratory of Dr. Shahrooei, Sina Medical Complex, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Martina Konantz
- University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Department of Biomedicine, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Amjad Khan
- Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Abdullah Specialized Children's Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhichao Miao
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.,Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, Hongkou, China
| | - Miriam Groß
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thibaud Tranchant
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Laboratory of Excellence TRANSPLANTEX, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Mirjana Radosavljevic
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Laboratory of Excellence TRANSPLANTEX, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Plateau Technique de Biologie, Pôle de Biologie, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Nicodème Paul
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Laboratory of Excellence TRANSPLANTEX, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Tristan Stemmelen
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Laboratory of Excellence TRANSPLANTEX, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Fabien Pitoiset
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Biotherapy (Centre d'Investigation Clinique intégré en Biothérapies & immunologie; CIC-BTi) and Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (i2B), Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR_S 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Hirschler
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Bio-Organique, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, UMR 7178, Université de Strasbourg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Strasbourg, France
| | - Benoit Nespola
- Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Plateau Technique de Biologie, Pôle de Biologie, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Anne Molitor
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Laboratory of Excellence TRANSPLANTEX, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Véronique Rolli
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Laboratory of Excellence TRANSPLANTEX, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Plateau Technique de Biologie, Pôle de Biologie, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Angélique Pichot
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Laboratory of Excellence TRANSPLANTEX, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Laura Eva Faletti
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bruno Rinaldi
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Génomique, Microbiologie, UMR7156/Université de Strasbourg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sylvie Friant
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Génomique, Microbiologie, UMR7156/Université de Strasbourg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | - Christine Carapito
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Bio-Organique, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, UMR 7178, Université de Strasbourg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Strasbourg, France
| | - Claudia Lengerke
- University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Department of Biomedicine, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Vahid Ziaee
- Pediatric Rheumatology Research Group, Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pediatrics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Wafaa Eyaid
- Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Abdullah Specialized Children's Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Stephan Ehl
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fayhan Alroqi
- Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Abdullah Specialized Children's Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nima Parvaneh
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seiamak Bahram
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Laboratory of Excellence TRANSPLANTEX, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Plateau Technique de Biologie, Pôle de Biologie, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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Jensen HA, Wnek R. Analytical performance of a
25‐marker
spectral cytometry immune monitoring assay in peripheral blood. Cytometry A 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Holly A. Jensen
- Translational Molecular Biomarkers Merck & Co., Inc Kenilworth New Jersey USA
| | - Richard Wnek
- Translational Molecular Biomarkers Merck & Co., Inc Kenilworth New Jersey USA
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Coutzac C, Jouniaux JM, Paci A, Schmidt J, Mallardo D, Seck A, Asvatourian V, Cassard L, Saulnier P, Lacroix L, Woerther PL, Vozy A, Naigeon M, Nebot-Bral L, Desbois M, Simeone E, Mateus C, Boselli L, Grivel J, Soularue E, Lepage P, Carbonnel F, Ascierto PA, Robert C, Chaput N. Systemic short chain fatty acids limit antitumor effect of CTLA-4 blockade in hosts with cancer. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2168. [PMID: 32358520 PMCID: PMC7195489 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16079-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota composition influences the clinical benefit of immune checkpoints in patients with advanced cancer but mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unclear. Molecular mechanism whereby gut microbiota influences immune responses is mainly assigned to gut microbial metabolites. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) are produced in large amounts in the colon through bacterial fermentation of dietary fiber. We evaluate in mice and in patients treated with anti-CTLA-4 blocking mAbs whether SCFA levels is related to clinical outcome. High blood butyrate and propionate levels are associated with resistance to CTLA-4 blockade and higher proportion of Treg cells. In mice, butyrate restrains anti-CTLA-4-induced up-regulation of CD80/CD86 on dendritic cells and ICOS on T cells, accumulation of tumor-specific T cells and memory T cells. In patients, high blood butyrate levels moderate ipilimumab-induced accumulation of memory and ICOS + CD4 + T cells and IL-2 impregnation. Altogether, these results suggest that SCFA limits anti-CTLA-4 activity. The gut microbiota has been reported to regulate the efficacy of cancer therapy. Here, the authors show that short-chain fatty acids, which are generated through bacterial fermentation, increases immune tolerance leading to resistance to anti-CTLA-4 immunotherapy in mice and patients with metastatic melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clélia Coutzac
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy, Inserm, CNRS, Analyse moléculaire, modélisation et imagerie de la maladie cancéreuse, Laboratoire d'Immunomonitoring en Oncologie, F-94805, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médicine, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94276, France.,Université Paris-Descartes, Faculté de Médicine, F-75006, Paris, France.,Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Département de Gastroentérologie et Oncologie Digestive, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Mehdi Jouniaux
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy, Inserm, CNRS, Analyse moléculaire, modélisation et imagerie de la maladie cancéreuse, Laboratoire d'Immunomonitoring en Oncologie, F-94805, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médicine, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94276, France
| | - Angelo Paci
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy, CNRS, Vectorologie et thérapeutiques anticancéreuses, F-94805, Villejuif, France.,Institut Gustave Roussy, Pharmacology and Drug Analysis Department, Villejuif, F-94805, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie, Chatenay-Malabry, F-92296, France
| | - Julien Schmidt
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy, Inserm, CNRS, Analyse moléculaire, modélisation et imagerie de la maladie cancéreuse, Laboratoire d'Immunomonitoring en Oncologie, F-94805, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médicine, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94276, France
| | - Domenico Mallardo
- Unit of Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Development Therapeutics, Instituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS -Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italia
| | - Atmane Seck
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy, CNRS, Vectorologie et thérapeutiques anticancéreuses, F-94805, Villejuif, France.,Institut Gustave Roussy, Pharmacology and Drug Analysis Department, Villejuif, F-94805, France
| | - Vahe Asvatourian
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Unit, Villejuif, F-94805, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, 94807, Villejuif, France
| | - Lydie Cassard
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy, Inserm, CNRS, Analyse moléculaire, modélisation et imagerie de la maladie cancéreuse, Laboratoire d'Immunomonitoring en Oncologie, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Patrick Saulnier
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy, Inserm, CNRS, Analyse moléculaire, modélisation et imagerie de la maladie cancéreuse, Genomic platform Molecular Biopathology unit and Biological Resource Center, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Ludovic Lacroix
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy, Inserm, CNRS, Analyse moléculaire, modélisation et imagerie de la maladie cancéreuse, Genomic platform Molecular Biopathology unit and Biological Resource Center, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Paul-Louis Woerther
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Department of Medical Biology and Pathology, Microbiology unit, Villejuif, F-94805, France
| | - Aurore Vozy
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy, Inserm, CNRS, Analyse moléculaire, modélisation et imagerie de la maladie cancéreuse, Laboratoire d'Immunomonitoring en Oncologie, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Marie Naigeon
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy, Inserm, CNRS, Analyse moléculaire, modélisation et imagerie de la maladie cancéreuse, Laboratoire d'Immunomonitoring en Oncologie, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Laetitia Nebot-Bral
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médicine, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94276, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy, CNRS, Stabilité génétique et oncogenèse, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Mélanie Desbois
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy, Inserm, CNRS, Analyse moléculaire, modélisation et imagerie de la maladie cancéreuse, Laboratoire d'Immunomonitoring en Oncologie, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Ester Simeone
- Unit of Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Development Therapeutics, Instituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS -Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italia
| | - Christine Mateus
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Villejuif, F-94805, France
| | - Lisa Boselli
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy, Inserm, CNRS, Analyse moléculaire, modélisation et imagerie de la maladie cancéreuse, Laboratoire d'Immunomonitoring en Oncologie, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Jonathan Grivel
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy, Inserm, CNRS, Analyse moléculaire, modélisation et imagerie de la maladie cancéreuse, Laboratoire d'Immunomonitoring en Oncologie, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Emilie Soularue
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy, Inserm, CNRS, Analyse moléculaire, modélisation et imagerie de la maladie cancéreuse, Laboratoire d'Immunomonitoring en Oncologie, F-94805, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médicine, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94276, France.,Hôpital du Kremlin Bicêtre Department of Gastroenterology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Patricia Lepage
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Franck Carbonnel
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médicine, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94276, France.,Hôpital du Kremlin Bicêtre Department of Gastroenterology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Paolo Antonio Ascierto
- Unit of Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Development Therapeutics, Instituto Nazionale Tumori- IRCCS -Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italia
| | - Caroline Robert
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médicine, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94276, France.,Institut Gustave Roussy, Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Villejuif, F-94805, France
| | - Nathalie Chaput
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy, Inserm, CNRS, Analyse moléculaire, modélisation et imagerie de la maladie cancéreuse, Laboratoire d'Immunomonitoring en Oncologie, F-94805, Villejuif, France. .,Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie, Chatenay-Malabry, F-92296, France. .,Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy, CNRS, Stabilité génétique et oncogenèse, 94805, Villejuif, France.
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35
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Multicentre Harmonisation of a Six-Colour Flow Cytometry Panel for Naïve/Memory T Cell Immunomonitoring. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:1938704. [PMID: 32322591 PMCID: PMC7153001 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1938704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Personalised medicine in oncology needs standardised immunological assays. Flow cytometry (FCM) methods represent an essential tool for immunomonitoring, and their harmonisation is crucial to obtain comparable data in multicentre clinical trials. The objective of this study was to design a harmonisation workflow able to address the most effective issues contributing to intra- and interoperator variabilities in a multicentre project. Methods The Italian National Institute of Health (Istituto Superiore di Sanità, ISS) managed a multiparametric flow cytometric panel harmonisation among thirteen operators belonging to five clinical and research centres of Lazio region (Italy). The panel was based on a backbone mixture of dried antibodies (anti-CD3, anti-CD4, anti-CD8, anti-CD45RA, and anti-CCR7) to detect naïve/memory T cells, recognised as potential prognostic/predictive immunological biomarkers in cancer immunotherapies. The coordinating centre distributed frozen peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and fresh whole blood (WB) samples from healthy donors, reagents, and Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) to participants who performed experiments by their own equipment, in order to mimic a real-life scenario. Operators returned raw and locally analysed data to ISS for central analysis and statistical elaboration. Results Harmonised and reproducible results were obtained by sharing experimental set-up and procedures along with centralising data analysis, leading to a reduction of cross-centre variability for naïve/memory subset frequencies particularly in the whole blood setting. Conclusion Our experimental and analytical working process proved to be suitable for the harmonisation of FCM assays in a multicentre setting, where high-quality data are required to evaluate potential immunological markers, which may contribute to select better therapeutic options.
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36
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Rybakowska P, Alarcón-Riquelme ME, Marañón C. Key steps and methods in the experimental design and data analysis of highly multi-parametric flow and mass cytometry. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2020; 18:874-886. [PMID: 32322369 PMCID: PMC7163213 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
High-dimensional, single-cell cell technologies revolutionized the way to study biological systems, and polychromatic flow cytometry (FC) and mass cytometry (MC) are two of the drivers of this revolution. As up to 30-50 dimensions respectively can be measured per single-cell, they allow deep phenotyping combined with cellular functions studies, like cytokine production or protein phosphorylation. In parallel, the bioinformatics field develops algorithms that are able to process incoming data and extract the most useful and meaningful biological information. However, the success of automated analysis tools depends on the generation of high-quality data. In this review we present the most recent FC and MC computational approaches that are used to prepare, process and interpret high-content cytometry data. We also underscore proper experimental design as a key step for obtaining good quality data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Rybakowska
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Spain
| | - Marta E. Alarcón-Riquelme
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Spain
- Institute for Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Concepción Marañón
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Spain
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37
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Bourgoin P, Lediagon G, Arnoux I, Bernot D, Morange PE, Michelet P, Malergue F, Markarian T. Flow cytometry evaluation of infection-related biomarkers in febrile subjects in the emergency department. Future Microbiol 2020; 15:189-201. [PMID: 32065550 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2019-0256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: In an Emergency Department (ED), the etiological identification of infected subjects is essential. 13 infection-related biomarkers were assessed using a new flow cytometry procedure. Materials & methods: If subjects presented with febrile symptoms at the ED, 13 biomarkers' levels, including CD64 on neutrophils (nCD64) and CD169 on monocytes (mCD169), were tested and compared with clinical records. Results: Among 50 subjects, 78% had bacterial infections and 8% had viral infections. nCD64 showed 82% sensitivity and 91% specificity for identifying subjects with bacterial infections. mCD169, HLA-ABC ratio and HLA-DR on monocytes had high values in subjects with viral infections. Conclusion: Biomarkers showed promising performances to improve the ED's infectious stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pénélope Bourgoin
- Department of Research & Development, Beckman Coulter Life Sciences-Immunotech, 130 Avenue de Lattre de Tassigny, 13009 Marseille, France.,C2VN INSERM-INRA, Aix-Marseille University, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Guillaume Lediagon
- Adult Emergency Unit, La Timone Hospital, APHM, 264 Rue Saint Pierre, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Isabelle Arnoux
- Hematology Laboratory, La Timone Hospital, APHM, 264 Rue Saint Pierre, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Denis Bernot
- Hematology Laboratory, La Timone Hospital, APHM, 264 Rue Saint Pierre, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Morange
- C2VN INSERM-INRA, Aix-Marseille University, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille, France.,Hematology Laboratory, La Timone Hospital, APHM, 264 Rue Saint Pierre, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Pierre Michelet
- Adult Emergency Unit, La Timone Hospital, APHM, 264 Rue Saint Pierre, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Fabrice Malergue
- Department of Research & Development, Beckman Coulter Life Sciences-Immunotech, 130 Avenue de Lattre de Tassigny, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Thibaut Markarian
- Adult Emergency Unit, La Timone Hospital, APHM, 264 Rue Saint Pierre, 13385 Marseille, France
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38
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Halter S, Aimade L, Barbié M, Brisson H, Rouby JJ, Langeron O, Klatzmann D, Rosenzwajg M, Monsel A. T regulatory cells activation and distribution are modified in critically ill patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: A prospective single-centre observational study. Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med 2020; 39:35-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.accpm.2019.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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39
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Bourgoin P, Hayman J, Rimmelé T, Venet F, Malergue F, Monneret G. A novel one-step extracellular staining for flow cytometry: Proof-of-concept on sepsis-related biomarkers. J Immunol Methods 2019; 470:59-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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40
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Mair F. Gate to the Future: Computational Analysis of Immunophenotyping Data. Cytometry A 2018; 95:147-149. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Mair
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research CenterVaccine and Infectious Disease Division Seattle WA 98109, United States
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41
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Rosenzwajg M, Lorenzon R, Cacoub P, Pham HP, Pitoiset F, El Soufi K, RIbet C, Bernard C, Aractingi S, Banneville B, Beaugerie L, Berenbaum F, Champey J, Chazouilleres O, Corpechot C, Fautrel B, Mekinian A, Regnier E, Saadoun D, Salem JE, Sellam J, Seksik P, Daguenel-Nguyen A, Doppler V, Mariau J, Vicaut E, Klatzmann D. Immunological and clinical effects of low-dose interleukin-2 across 11 autoimmune diseases in a single, open clinical trial. Ann Rheum Dis 2018; 78:209-217. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-214229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
ObjectiveRegulatory T cells (Tregs) prevent autoimmunity and control inflammation. Consequently, any autoimmune or inflammatory disease reveals a Treg insufficiency. As low-dose interleukin-2 (ld-IL2) expands and activates Tregs, it has a broad therapeutic potential.AimWe aimed to assess this potential and select diseases for further clinical development by cross-investigating the effects of ld-IL2 in a single clinical trial treating patients with 1 of 11 autoimmune diseases.MethodsWe performed a prospective, open-label, phase I–IIa study in 46 patients with a mild to moderate form of either rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, Behcet’s disease, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, Takayasu’s disease, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, autoimmune hepatitis and sclerosing cholangitis. They all received ld-IL2 (1 million IU/day) for 5 days, followed by fortnightly injections for 6 months. Patients were evaluated by deep immunomonitoring and clinical evaluation.Resultsld-IL2 was well tolerated whatever the disease and the concomitant treatments. Thorough supervised and unsupervised immunomonitoring demonstrated specific Treg expansion and activation in all patients, without effector T cell activation. Indication of potential clinical efficacy was observed.ConclusionThe dose of IL-2 and treatment scheme used selectively activate and expand Tregs and are safe across different diseases and concomitant treatments. This and preliminary indications of clinical efficacy should licence the launch of phase II efficacy trial of ld-IL2 in various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.Trial registration numberNCT01988506.
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