1
|
Ouyang S, Bi Z, Zhou Q. Nanocolloids in the soil environment: Transformation, transport and ecological effects. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 262:119852. [PMID: 39197486 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
Nanocolloids (Ncs) are ubiquitous in natural systems and play a critical role in the biogeochemical cycling of trace metals and the mobility of organic pollutants. However, the environmental behavior and ecological effects of Ncs in the soil remain largely unknown. The accumulation of Ncs may have detrimental or beneficial effects on different compartments of the soil environment. This review discusses the major transformation processes (e.g., agglomeration/aggregation, absorption, deposition, dissolution, and redox reactions), transport, bioavailability of Ncs, and their roles in element cycles in soil systems. Notably, Ncs can act as effective carriers for other pollutants and contribute to environmental pollution by spreading pathogens, nutrients, heavy metals, and organic contaminants to adjacent water bodies or groundwater. Finally, the key knowledge gaps are highlighted to better predict their potential risks, and important new directions include exploring the geochemical process and mechanism of Ncs's formation; elucidating the transformation, transport, and ultimate fate of Ncs, and their long-term effect on contaminants, organisms, and elemental cycling; and identifying the impact on the growth and quality of important crops, evaluating its dominant effect on agro-ecosystems in the soil environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaohu Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Carbon Neutrality Interdisciplinary Science Center, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Zhicheng Bi
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Carbon Neutrality Interdisciplinary Science Center, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Qixing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Carbon Neutrality Interdisciplinary Science Center, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Malheiro C, Prodana M, Cardoso DN, Morgado RG, Loureiro S. Ageing influences the toxicity of two innovative nanofertilizers to the soil invertebrates Enchytraeus crypticus and Folsomia candida. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 350:123989. [PMID: 38642791 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
The increasing global food demand is threatening the sustainability of agrifood production systems. The intensification of agricultural practices, with inadequate use of pesticides and fertilizers, poses major challenges to the good functioning of agroecosystems and drastically degrades the soil quality. Nanotechnology is expected to optimize the current farming practices and mitigate some associated impacts. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are a class of nanomaterials with high potential for use in agricultural productions, mostly due to their sustained release of nutrients. Considering its novelty and lack of studies on the terrestrial ecosystem, it is essential to assess potential long-term harmful consequences to non-target organisms. Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of Zn-Al-NO3 LDH and Mg-Al-NO3 LDH ageing on the survival and reproduction of two soil invertebrate species Enchytraeus crypticus and Folsomia candida. We postulated that the toxicity of nanomaterials to soil invertebrates would change with time, such that the ageing of soil amendments would mediate their impacts on both species. Our results showed that the toxicity of LDHs was species-dependent, with Zn-Al-NO3 LDH being more toxic to E. crypticus, while Mg-Al-NO3 LDH affected more F. candida, especially in the last ageing period, where reproduction was the most sensitive biological parameter. The toxicity of both nanomaterials increased with ageing time, as shown by the decrease of the EC50 values over time. The influence of LDH dissolution and availability of Zn and Mg in the soil pore water was the main factor related to the toxicity, although we cannot rule out the influence of other structural constituents of LDHs (e.g., nitrates and aluminium). This study supports the importance of incorporating ageing in the ecotoxicity testing of nanomaterials, considering their slow release, as effects on soil organisms can change and lead to more severe impacts on the ecosystem functioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Malheiro
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - M Prodana
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - D N Cardoso
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - R G Morgado
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - S Loureiro
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gomes SIL, Chidiamassamba SB, Trindade T, Scott-Fordsmand JJ, Amorim MJB. Environmental hazards of WELGRO® Cu+Zn: A nano-enabled fertilizer. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122469. [PMID: 37648058 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Nanoagrochemicals have the potential to revolutionize agriculture towards a precision farming system, able to reduce application rates and consequently their environmental footprint, while keeping efficacy. Several nanoagrochemicals (including nanopesticides (Npes) and nanofertilizers (Nfer)) are already commercialized but the environmental risk assessment of these advanced materials is often lacking. In the present study, we studied the commercial fertilizer WELGRO® Cu + Zn and assessed its ecotoxicity to the soil invertebrate species Enchytraeus crypticus (Oligochaeta), further comparing it to its individual active substances CuO and ZnO. To get a comprehensive picture of possible effects, we used four types of highly relevant tests in LUFA 2.2 soil: 1) avoidance behaviour (2 days), 2) reproduction (OECD standard, 28 d), 3) its extension (56 d), and 4) the full life cycle (FLC) (46 d) - this high level of hazard screening allows for increased interpretation. The results confirmed the nano-features of WELGRO® and a higher toxicity than the mixture of the individual components CuO + ZnO. E. crypticus avoided the soil spiked with WELGRO® and CuO + ZnO, this being the most sensitive endpoint - avoidance behaviour. Both WELGRO® and the active substances were little to non-toxic based on the OECD standard test. However, the toxicity dramatically increased in the tests focussing on longer-term sustainability measures, i.e., 56 days, ca. 170 for WELGRO®. This seems related to the nano-features of WELGRO®, e.g., slow release of ions from the nanoparticles throughout time. The FLCt results showed WELGRO® affected hatching and juveniles' survival, being these the most sensitive life stages. Hence, under actual real world field usage scenarios, i.e., based on the recommended application rates, nanoenabled WELGRO® can affect oligochaete populations like enchytraeids, both via the immediate avoidance behaviour and also via prolonged exposure periods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susana I L Gomes
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Tito Trindade
- Department of Chemistry & CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Mónica J B Amorim
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ayanda OS, Quadri RO, Adewuyi SO, Mmuoegbulam AO, Okezie O, Mohammed SE, Durumin-Iya NI, Lawal OS, Popoola KM, Adekola FA. Multidimensional applications and potential health implications of nanocomposites. JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH 2023; 21:1110-1142. [PMID: 37632385 PMCID: wh_2023_141 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2023.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
This study reviews the concept, classifications, and techniques involved in the synthesis of nanocomposites. The environmental and health implications of nanoparticles and composite materials were detailed, as well as the applications of nanocomposites in water remediation, antibacterial application, and printed circuit boards. The study gave insights into the challenges of water pollution treatment and provided a broad list of nanocomposites that have been explored for water remediation. Moreover, the emergence of multi-drug resistance to many antibiotics has made current antibiotics inadequate in the treatment of disease. This has engineered the development of alternative strategies in the drug industries for the production of effective therapeutic agents, comprising nanocomposites with antibacterial agents. The new therapeutic agents known as nanoantibiotics are more efficient and have paved the way to handle the challenges of antibiotic resistance. In printed circuit boards, nanocomposites have shown promising applications because of their distinct mechanical, thermal, and electrical characteristics. The uniqueness of the write-up is that it provides a broad explanation of the concept, synthesis, application, toxicity, and harmful effects of nanocomposites. Thus, it will provide all-inclusive awareness to readers to identify research gaps and motivate researchers to synthesize novel nanocomposites for use in various fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olushola S Ayanda
- Nanoscience Research Unit, Department of Industrial Chemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State P.M.B 373, Nigeria E-mail:
| | - Rukayat O Quadri
- Nanoscience Research Unit, Department of Industrial Chemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State P.M.B 373, Nigeria
| | - Sulaiman O Adewuyi
- Nanoscience Research Unit, Department of Industrial Chemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State P.M.B 373, Nigeria
| | - Augusta O Mmuoegbulam
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Onyemaechi Okezie
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Sa'adatu E Mohammed
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University Dutse, Dutse, Jigawa State PMB 7156, Nigeria
| | - Naseer I Durumin-Iya
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University Dutse, Dutse, Jigawa State PMB 7156, Nigeria
| | - Olayide S Lawal
- Nanoscience Research Unit, Department of Industrial Chemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State P.M.B 373, Nigeria
| | - Kehinde M Popoola
- Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Folahan A Adekola
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Qin L, Sun X, Yu L, Wang J, Modabberi S, Wang M, Chen S. Ecological risk threshold for Pb in Chinese soils. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 444:130418. [PMID: 36410246 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Derivation of ecological risk threshold (the threshold concentration value that protect a certain proportion of species within the acceptable hazard level) of lead (Pb) is a yardstick and plays a key role in formulating soil protection policies, while the research about deducing soil Pb ecological risk threshold is still limited. In this study, toxicological data of Pb based on 30 different test endpoints was collected from our experiment and literature, and applied into interspecific extrapolation by species sensitivity distribution (SSD) method to derive the hazard concentration for 5% of species (HC5, that can protect 95% of species), the prediction models according to different soil properties were established. The results showed that EC10 (the effective concentrations of Pb that inhibit 10% of endpoint bioactivity) ranged from 205.6 to 1596.3 mg kg1, and hormesis induced by Pb were up to 118%. Toxicity data were corrected by leaching and aging process before SSD curves fitting. HC5 was then derived and prediction model was developed, as LogHC5 = 0.134 pH + 0.315 LogOC + 0.324 LogCEC + 1.077. The prediction model was well verified in the field test, indicating that can correctly estimate Pb ecotoxicity thresholds in different soils. This study provides a scientific frame for deriving the ecological risk threshold of Pb and is of great significance for ecological species protection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Qin
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of cultivated land quality monitoring and evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Xiaoyi Sun
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of cultivated land quality monitoring and evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Lei Yu
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of cultivated land quality monitoring and evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of cultivated land quality monitoring and evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Soroush Modabberi
- School of Geology, University of Tehran, 16th Azar St., Enghelab Avenue, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meng Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of cultivated land quality monitoring and evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, PR China.
| | - Shibao Chen
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of cultivated land quality monitoring and evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lahive E, Matzke M, Svendsen C, Spurgeon DJ, Pouran H, Zhang H, Lawlor A, Glória Pereira M, Lofts S. Soil properties influence the toxicity and availability of Zn from ZnO nanoparticles to earthworms. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 319:120907. [PMID: 36586557 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
To develop models that support site-specific risk assessment for nanoparticles (NPs), a better understanding of how NP transformation processes, bioavailability and toxicity are influenced by soil properties is needed. In this study, the influence of differing soil properties on the bioavailability and toxicity of zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs and ionic Zn to the earthworm Eisenia fetida was investigated. Earthworms were exposed to ZnO_NPs and ionic Zn, between 100 and 4400 mg Zn/kg, in four different natural soils (organic matter content: 1.8-16.7%, soil pH: 5.4-8.3, representing sandy loam to calcareous soils). Survival and reproduction were assessed after 28 and 56 days, respectively. Zn concentrations in soil pore waters were measured while labile concentrations of Zn were measured using an in-situ dynamic speciation technique (diffusive gradient in thin films, DGT). Earthworm Zn tissue concentrations were also measured. Soil properties influenced earthworm reproduction between soil controls, with highest reproductive output in soils with pH values of 6-7. Toxicity was also influenced by soil properties, with EC50s based on total Zn in soil ranging from 694 to >2200 mg Zn/kg for ZnO_NP and 277-734 mg Zn/kg for ionic Zn. Soil pore water and DGT measurements showed good agreement in the relative amount of Zn extracted across the four soils. Earthworms exposed to ZnO_NPs survived higher Zn concentrations in the soils and had higher tissue concentrations compared with ionic Zn exposures, particularly in the high organic content calcareous soil. These higher tissue concentrations in ZnO_NP exposed earthworm could have consequences for the persistence and trophic mobility of Zn in terrestrial systems and need to be further investigated to elucidate if there any longer-term risks associated with sustained input of ZnO_NP to soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Lahive
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, United Kingdom.
| | - M Matzke
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, United Kingdom
| | - C Svendsen
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, United Kingdom
| | - D J Spurgeon
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, United Kingdom
| | - H Pouran
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, WV1 1LY, United Kingdom
| | - H Zhang
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - A Lawlor
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, United Kingdom
| | - M Glória Pereira
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, United Kingdom
| | - S Lofts
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Maystrenko T, Rybak A. Radium uptake by earthworms E. fetida after exposure to contaminated soil. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2023; 257:107085. [PMID: 36538842 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2022.107085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Radium-226 is one of the most important radionuclides for assessing the radiation exposure in terrestrial ecosystems in terms of its significant contribution to the internal and total dose rates. A laboratory culture of Eisenia fetida was exposed to soil contaminated with 226Ra and 238U during two months. These nuclides entered the soil as a result of industrial radium production (Vodny, Komi Republic, Russia). The concentrations of 226Ra and 238U were 89000 ± 9000 and 2130 ± 270 Bq kg-1 of soil. Bioaccumulation of 226Ra was investigated in E. fetida exposed to the radioactive soil or to a mixture containing the same radioactive soil diluted with peat and sand. The activity concentrations of 226Ra in E. fetida were higher after exposure to the contaminated soil compared to the mixture. The literature data on the radium accumulation in earthworms were considered also. Our experiments showed that the concentration ratio (CR) of 226Ra in E. fetida varied from 5.5 × 10-4 to 4.5 × 10-3 Bq kg-1 f.w./Bq kg-1 d.w. The average CRs were (6.7 ± 1.7) × 10-4 for the earthworms E. fetida from the soil mixture and (3.2 ± 1.2) × 10-3 for those from the radioactive soil. These CRs for 226Ra were up to two orders of magnitude lower than the values calculated by us from the results obtained by other researchers for natural earthworm populations in areas with lower levels radioactivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Maystrenko
- Institute of Biology, Komi Scientific Center, Ural Branch of RAS, Russia.
| | - Anna Rybak
- Institute of Biology, Komi Scientific Center, Ural Branch of RAS, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pastor-Jáuregui R, Paniagua-López M, Aguilar-Garrido A, Martínez-Garzón FJ, Romero-Freire A, Sierra-Aragón M. Ecotoxicological risk assessment in soils contaminated by Pb and As 20 years after a mining spill. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2022; 251:104100. [PMID: 36347658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2022.104100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluates the potential toxicity of the soils of the Guadiamar Green Corridor (GGC) affected by the Aznalcóllar mine spill (Andalusia, Spain), one of the most important mining accidents in Europe in recent decades. Twenty years after the accident, although the area is considered to be recovered, residual contamination in soils persists, and the bioavailability of some contaminants, such as As, is showing trends of increasing. Therefore, the potential residual toxicity in 84 soil samples was evaluated by bioassays with lettuce (Latuca sativa L.), earthworms (Eisenia andrei) and determining the microbial activity by basal respiration and metabolic quotient. The selected soils sampled along the GGC were divided into 4 types according to their physicochemical properties. In the closest part of the mine two soil types appear (SS1 and SS2), originally decarbonated and loamy, with a reduction in lettuce root elongation of 57% and 34% compared to the control, as well as a the highest metabolic quotient (23.9 and 18.1 ng CcO2 μg Cmicrob-1 h-1, respectively) with the highest risk of Pb and As toxicity. While, located in the middle and final part of the affected area of the spill (SS3 and SS4), soils presented alkaline pH, finer textures and the lowest metabolic quotient (<9.5 ng CcO2 μg Cmicrob-1 h-1). In addition, due to Pb and As exceeded the Guideline values established in the studied area, the human toxicity risk was determined according to US-EPA methodology. Although the total contents were higher than the Guidelines established, the obtained hazard quotients for both contaminants were less than one, so the risk for human health was discarded. However, monitoring over time of the toxicity risks of the GGC soils would be advisable, especially due to the existence of areas where residual contamination persist, and soil hazard quotient obtained for As in children was higher and close to unity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Pastor-Jáuregui
- Dpto. Acad. de Recursos Hídricos, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, University Nacional Agraria La Molina, Peru
| | - M Paniagua-López
- Dpto. Edafología y Química Agrícola, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Spain; Dpto. Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (EEZ-CSIC), Spain
| | - A Aguilar-Garrido
- Dpto. Edafología y Química Agrícola, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Spain
| | - F J Martínez-Garzón
- Dpto. Edafología y Química Agrícola, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Spain
| | - A Romero-Freire
- Dpto. Edafología y Química Agrícola, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Spain.
| | - M Sierra-Aragón
- Dpto. Edafología y Química Agrícola, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shah GM, Ali H, Ahmad I, Kamran M, Hammad M, Shah GA, Bakhat HF, Waqar A, Guo J, Dong R, Rashid MI. Nano agrochemical zinc oxide influences microbial activity, carbon, and nitrogen cycling of applied manures in the soil-plant system. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 293:118559. [PMID: 34801625 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of nano-enabled agrochemicals in agriculture for remediating soil and improving nutrient use efficiency of organic and chemical fertilizers is increasing continuously with limited understanding on their potential risks. Recent studies suggested that nanoparticles (NPs) are harmful to soil organisms and their stimulated nutrient cycling in agriculture. However, their toxic effects under natural input farming systems are just at its infancy. Here, we aimed to examine the harmful effects of nano-agrochemical zinc oxide (ZnONPs) to poultry (PM) and farmyard manure (FYM) C and N cycling in soil-plant systems. These manures enhanced microbial counts, CO2 emission, N mineralization, spinach yield and N recovery than control (unfertilized). Soil applied ZnONPs increased labile Zn in microbial biomass, conferring its consumption and thereby reduced the colony-forming bacterial and fungal units. Such effects resulted in decreasing CO2 emitted from PM and FYM by 39 and 43%, respectively. Further, mineralization of organic N was reduced from FYM by 32%, and PM by 26%. This process has considerably decreased the soil mineral N content from both manure types and thereby spinach yield and plant N recoveries. In the ZnONPs amended soil, only about 23% of the applied total N from FYM and 31% from PM was ended up in plants, whereas the respective fractions in the absence of ZnONPs were 33 and 53%. Hence, toxicity of ZnONPs should be taken into account when recommending its use in agriculture for enhancing nutrient utilization efficiency of fertilizers or soil remediation purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Mustafa Shah
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari-campus, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan; College of Engineering (Key Laboratory for Clean Renewable Energy Utilization Technology, Ministry of Agriculture), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Hifsa Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari-campus, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Iftikhar Ahmad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari-campus, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari-campus, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Mohkum Hammad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari-campus, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Abbas Shah
- Department of Agronomy, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Faiq Bakhat
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari-campus, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Atika Waqar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari-campus, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Jianbin Guo
- College of Engineering (Key Laboratory for Clean Renewable Energy Utilization Technology, Ministry of Agriculture), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Renjie Dong
- College of Engineering (Key Laboratory for Clean Renewable Energy Utilization Technology, Ministry of Agriculture), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Muhammad Imtiaz Rashid
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jośko I, Krasucka P, Skwarek E, Oleszczuk P, Sheteiwy M. The co-occurrence of Zn-and Cu-based engineered nanoparticles in soils: The metal extractability vs. toxicity to Folsomia candida. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:132252. [PMID: 34555583 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The presence of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in soil gradually increases, among others due to the nano-agrochemicals application. So far, the co-existence of different ENPs in soil is poorly examined. Here, the metal extractability and toxicity of soils spiked (300 mg kg-1) singly and jointly with Zn- and Cu-based ENPs or metal salts were tested. The samples were aged for 1 and 90 days. The predicting available metal component of ENPs concentrations were determined by different methods including soil pore water collection and batch extractions with H2O, CaCl2 or DTPA. Survival and reproduction of Folsomia candida were also evaluated. The combined effect of ENPs on the extractability of metals was mainly found with DTPA characterized by the highest leaching capacity among the used extractants. In fresh soil, the mixtures of ENPs differentiated only DTPA-extractable Cu level, while aging resulted in changes in both Zn and Cu concentrations leached by CaCl2 or DTPA. However, the character of the combined effect was an ENPs- and soil type-dependent, whereas the mixtures of metal salts mostly provided higher Zn and Cu recovery than the individual compounds. The pattern of co-toxicity of metal-oxide ENPs was also time-dependent: the antagonistic and synergistic effect was observed in the samples after 1 and 90 days, respectively. However, the toxicity was weakly related with extractable concentrations in both single and joint treatment of metal compounds. The distinct joint effect patterns of ENPs imply the need for more in-depth investigation of mechanisms of activity of ENPs mixtures in soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Jośko
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobioengineering, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Patrycja Krasucka
- Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewa Skwarek
- Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Patryk Oleszczuk
- Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Mohamed Sheteiwy
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pouran H, Alkasbi M, Lahive E, Lofts S, Zhang H. Measuring ZnO nanoparticles available concentrations in contaminated soils using the diffusive gradient in thin-films (DGT) technique. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 793:148654. [PMID: 34182444 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A major gap in understanding nanomaterials behaviour in the environment is a lack of reliable tools to measure their available concentrations. In this research we use diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) for measuring concentrations of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZNO NPs) in soils. Available nanoparticle concentrations were assessed by difference, using paired DGT devices with and without 1000 MWCO dialysis membranes to exclude NPs. We used ZnO because its toxic effects are accelerated through dissolution to Zn2+. Our test soils had different pH and organic matter (OM) contents, which both affect the dissolution rate of ZnO NPs. Woburn (pH ≈ 6.9, OM ≈ 1.8%) and Lufa (pH ≈ 5.9, OM ≈ 4.2%) soils were spiked to a single concentration of 500 mg of ZnO NPs per 1 kg of soil and the available concentrations of ZnO NPs and dissolved zinc were evaluated in 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 day intervals using DGT. The results showed that the dissolution of ZnO NPs, as well as the available concentrations of both dissolved and nanoparticulate Zn, was much higher in Lufa soil than in Woburn. This work demonstrates that DGT can be used as a simple yet reliable technique for determining concentrations of ZnO NPs in soils and probing its dissolution kinetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Pouran
- University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, WV1 1LY, UK.
| | | | - Elma Lahive
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Wallingford, Oxfordshire OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Stephen Lofts
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster LA1 4AP, United Kingdom
| | - Hao Zhang
- Lancaster University, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ogliari AJ, Borges WG, Silva LL, de Mello JMM, Baretta D, Fiori MA, Baretta CRDM. Magnesium oxide nanoparticles and their ecotoxicological effect on edaphic organisms in tropical soil. J Appl Toxicol 2021; 42:553-569. [PMID: 34636049 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- André Junior Ogliari
- Community University of Chapecó Region, Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Chapecó, Brazil
| | - William Gabriel Borges
- Community University of Chapecó Region, Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Chapecó, Brazil
| | - Luciano Luiz Silva
- Community University of Chapecó Region, Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Chapecó, Brazil
| | | | - Dilmar Baretta
- Santa Catarina State University, Western Higher Education Center, Chapecó, Brazil
| | - Márcio Antônio Fiori
- Community University of Chapecó Region, Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Chapecó, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Olivia LC, Minerva GC, Rocío PJ, Francisco José MP. Assessment of biopiles treatment on polluted soils by the use of Eisenia andrei bioassay. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 275:116642. [PMID: 33571857 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A long-term case of residual pollution is studied after 20 years since the largest mining accident in Spain (the Aznalcóllar spill) happened. This pollution is manifested through a surface zoning consisting of bare soils (B0), sparsely vegetated soils (B1), and densely vegetated and recovered soils (B2). A biopiles treatment with a mixture of contaminated soils (B0 and B1) with recovered soils (B2) at 50% (w/w), and vermicompost addition (50 tons ha-1) was evaluated. To assess the effectiveness of treatments, total, water-soluble, and bioavailable fractions of the most polluting elements in the zone (Cu, Zn, As, Pb, Cd, and Sb) was analyzed. To evaluate the potential risk of contamination for the ecosystem, a bioassay with earthworm Eisenia andrei was carried out. Twenty years after the accident, there are still soils where total As and Pb exceed the regulatory levels and water-soluble Zn and As exceed the toxicity guidelines. According to toxicity bioassay, weight variation and juvenile production of earthworms showed an improvement after biopiles treatment, with values that trend to be similar to those of recovered soils. The only bioaccumulated element in earthworms was Cd (BAF>1), both in polluted as in treated soils, which indicates the possible existence of exclusion mechanisms of the other pollutants by earthworms. The comparison between biopiles and polluted soils showed no significant differences for the bioaccumulation factor of trace elements, with the exception of Zn and Cu, which slightly increased after treatment. According to our results, biopiles treatment combined with vermicompost addition is a good technique for the recovery of residual contaminated areas, by the improvement of soil properties and the reduction of the potential toxicity; anyway, monitoring of soils and organisms is needed to prevent the increase of bioavailability of some potentially pollutant elements over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorente-Casalini Olivia
- Departamento de Edafología y Química Agrícola, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Campus Fuente Nueva S/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - García-Carmona Minerva
- Departamento de Agroquímica y Medio Ambiente, University Miguel Hernández, Avda. de La Universidad S/n, 03202, Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Pastor-Jáuregui Rocío
- Departamento de Recursos Hídricos, National Agrarian University "La Molina", 15024, Lima, Peru
| | - Martín-Peinado Francisco José
- Departamento de Edafología y Química Agrícola, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Campus Fuente Nueva S/n, 18071, Granada, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Fernández MD, Obrador A, García-Gómez C. Zn concentration decline and apical endpoints recovery of earthworms (E. andrei) after removal from an acidic soil spiked with coated ZnO nanoparticles. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 211:111916. [PMID: 33485012 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) can reach soil in both deliberate and non-deliberate ways, which leads to contamination. Notwithstanding knowledge about ZnO-NPs impacts on earthworms inhabiting these soils is limited and gaps appear in the recovery of damaged functions after their migration to unpolluted environments. To estimate these impacts, earthworms (Eisenia andrei) were exposed to different concentrations of coated ZnO-NPs (20, 250, 500, 1000 mgZnkg-1) in an acidic agricultural soil (pH 5.4) for 28 days. Subsequently, earthworms were placed in the same unpolluted soil to study the depletion of Zn accumulated and the recovery potential of the affected functions for another 28-day period.In the exposure phase, ecotoxicological responses were dose-dependent. Mortality and growth were affected at 500 and 1000 mg kg- 1, and the reproduction was impaired from 250 mgZnkg- 1 compared to control (54% fecundity and 80% fertility reduction). Zn uptake increased with coated ZnO-NPs in soil but it did not exceed 163 mgZnkg- 1 earthworm. During the recovery period, the Zn in earthworms were similar to the control regardless of the initially Zn accumulated. Reproduction parameters returned to the control values in the animals pre-exposed to 250 mgZnkg- 1 as coated ZnO-NP. In the earthworms preexposed to the two highest doses, growth and fertility were stimulated compared to the control when placed in clean soil, but not fecundity. However, the total hatchlings number did not reach the control figures after 28 days, but probably would for in longer times, which would be key for maintaining earthworm populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Dolores Fernández
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Agronomía, Ctra. A Coruña, km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ana Obrador
- Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Chemical and Food Technology Department, CEIGRAM, Research Centre for the Management of Agricultural and Environmental Risks, Avda. Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Concepción García-Gómez
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Agronomía, Ctra. A Coruña, km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Jośko I, Kusiak M, Oleszczuk P. The chronic effects of CuO and ZnO nanoparticles on Eisenia fetida in relation to the bioavailability in aged soils. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 266:128982. [PMID: 33276995 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The bioavailability and bioaccumulation of metal-based engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in soils need to be evaluated in environmentally relevant scenarios. The aim of this study was an analysis of potentially available metal-component ENPs (nano-ZnO and nano-CuO) in soils. Earthworms (Eisenia fetida) were used to examine the bioaccumulation potential of ENPs. Micro-particles (micro-ZnO and micro-CuO) and metal salts (ZnCl2 and CuCl2) were used to evaluate the nano-effect and the activity of dissolved ions, respectively. Zn- and Cu-compounds were added to sandy loam and silt loam at a concentration of 10 mg kg-1. The bioavailable fractions of metals were extracted from soil using H2O, MgCl2 with CH3COONa or EDTA. EDTA was the most effective extractant of Zn and Cu (10.06-11.65 mg Zn kg-1 and 2.69-3.52 mg Cu kg-1), whereas the H2O-extractable metal concentration was at the lowest level (1.98-2.12 mg Zn kg-1 and 0.54-0.82 Cu mg kg-1). The bioavailable metal concentrations were significantly higher in silt loam than sandy loam soil, which was related to the higher pH value of silt. There were no significant differences between the Zn content in the earthworms incubated in the two soils, which may confirm the auto-regulation of the Zn content by earthworms. However, the bioaccumulation of Cu was strongly correlated with the extractable Cu concentrations. The juvenile earthworms accumulated Cu and Zn more than adults. Based on our results, aging neutralized the differences between the ionic and particulate effects of metal-compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Jośko
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobioengineering, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland; Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Kusiak
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobioengineering, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland
| | - Patryk Oleszczuk
- Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Xu Z, Yang Z, Zhu T, Shu W. Toxicity of soil antimony to earthworm Eisenia fetida (Savingy) before and after the aging process. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 207:111278. [PMID: 32979841 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Information on soil antimony (Sb) toxicity to earthworm Eisenia fetida (Savingy) is limited. This ecotoxicology study was designed to quantify the soil Sb toxicity to earthworm E. fetida before and after aging process, establishing dose-effect relationship between Sb content and mortality. Results of the avoidance test and acute test showed that the values of net avoidance response, escape rate and mortality were generally decreased in aged treatment compared to that in fresh treatment, respectively from 93.33% to 66.67%, 36.67% to 13.33% and 100% to 53.33% (15 d) taking TL800 (treatment level of 800 mg/kg) for example, meanwhile the values of median lethal content (LC50) at 72 h, 7 d and 15 d were respectively increased from 355.27 mg/kg to 2324.55 mg/kg, 322.19 mg/kg and 1743.19 mg/kg and 282.74 mg/kg to 745.94 mg/kg, indicating that aging process could reduce the Sb acute toxicity to earthworm. According to a three-step sequential extraction procedure, the bioavailable Sb ranged from 24.45% to 43.24% and 16.97% to 27.70% in fresh treatment and aged treatment, respectively, and the mortality of earthworm for 24 h decreased with the decrease of the content of mild acid-soluble antimony (which decreased averagely from 23.09% to 14.00%), which was more suited to assess Sb toxicity. This is the first report that confirms the toxicity of soil Sb to earthworm E. fetida as well as the considering of aging process and speciation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhinan Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zaifu Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Tong Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjun Shu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Nemček L, Šebesta M, Urík M, Bujdoš M, Dobročka E, Vávra I. Impact of Bulk ZnO, ZnO Nanoparticles and Dissolved Zn on Early Growth Stages of Barley-A Pot Experiment. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9101365. [PMID: 33076236 PMCID: PMC7602504 DOI: 10.3390/plants9101365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Zinc is among the most in-demand metals in the world which also means that a considerable amount of this element is released to the environment each year as a result of human activities. A pot experiment was conducted to study the impact of low- and high-dose zinc amendments on plant growth and biomass yield, with Calcic Chernozem as a growing medium and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) as a model plant. The distribution of zinc in various plant parts was also investigated. Zn (II) was added in powder as bulk ZnO and in solution as ZnO nanoparticles and ZnSO4 in two dosages (3 and 30 mmol kg−1 soil) prior to planting. The plants were harvested after 10 days of growth. The three sets of data were taken under identical experimental conditions. The application of zinc in aqueous solution and in particulate form (having particle sizes in the range of <100 nm to >500 nm) at concentration of 3 and 30 mmol Zn kg−1 to the soil resulted in decreased growth (root length, shoot length) and biomass yield; the only exception was the addition of 30 mmol Zn kg−1 in the form of bulk ZnO, which had a positive effect on the root growth. The dry weight reduction (sprout biomass) was lowest in plants grown in soil treated with dissolved zinc. There were no statistically significant changes in the content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll, although flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) analysis indicated that plants bioaccumulated the zinc applied. This implies that the transport of zinc into the above-ground plant parts is controlled by the presence of effective mechanical and physiological barriers in roots. Crop performance under zinc stress in relation to biomass production and the growth of roots and shoots is also partly a reflection of the effects of soil properties. Our findings emphasize the importance of considering plant-soil interactions in research of potential toxicity and bioavailability of zinc in the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Nemček
- Institute of Laboratory Research on Geomaterials, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.Š.); (M.U.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Martin Šebesta
- Institute of Laboratory Research on Geomaterials, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.Š.); (M.U.); (M.B.)
| | - Martin Urík
- Institute of Laboratory Research on Geomaterials, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.Š.); (M.U.); (M.B.)
| | - Marek Bujdoš
- Institute of Laboratory Research on Geomaterials, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.Š.); (M.U.); (M.B.)
| | - Edmund Dobročka
- Institute of Electrical Engineering, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (E.D.); (I.V.)
| | - Ivo Vávra
- Institute of Electrical Engineering, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (E.D.); (I.V.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hermes PH, Fabián FL, Esperanza HL, Jorge MV, José David AS, Edilberto HG, Javier Francisco VM, Marcos PS. The first evidence of accumulation and avoidance behavior of macroinvertebrates in a forest soil spiked with human-made iron nanoparticles: A field experiment. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04860. [PMID: 32984591 PMCID: PMC7492817 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Both earthworms and terrestrial isopods have been used to evaluate the quality of contaminated soil by NPs. However, most experiments have been conducted in the laboratory and under greenhouse conditions. Besides, little is known of Fe accumulation in earthworms from iron NPs (Fe NPs) under natural conditions. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of manufactured NPs on the accumulation of Fe in macroinvertebrates from forest soil. Our results revealed that earthworms consume low amounts of Fe in a concentration of 1000 mg Fe NPs kg−1 of dry soil, with a behavior constant over time. Besides, we observed that earthworms could not detect Fe at low concentrations (1 or 10 mg Fe NPs kg−1), so they do not limit soil consumption, which translates into high amounts of Fe in their bodies. By contrast, the content of Fe in organisms is inversely proportional to increasing concentrations in the soil (R2 = -0.41, p < 0.05). Therefore, although studies are needed, in addition to considering environmental factors and the physicochemical properties of the soil, endogenous worms in the evaluated area could, under natural conditions, be useful to inform us of contamination of NP manufactured from Faith. Besides, for future research, a novel methodology should be considered to demonstrate more realistic avoidance behavior under field conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pérez-Hernández Hermes
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Agroecología, Unidad Campeche, Av Poligono s/n, Ciudad Industrial, Lerma, Campeche, Mexico
| | - Fernández-Luqueño Fabián
- Sustainability of Natural Resources and Energy Program, Cinvestav-Saltillo, Coahuila de Zaragoza, C.P. 25900, Mexico
| | - Huerta-Lwanga Esperanza
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Agroecología, Unidad Campeche, Av Poligono s/n, Ciudad Industrial, Lerma, Campeche, Mexico
| | - Mendoza-Vega Jorge
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Agroecología, Unidad Campeche, Av Poligono s/n, Ciudad Industrial, Lerma, Campeche, Mexico
| | - Alvarez-Solís José David
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur. Carretera Panamericana y Periférico Sur S/N, Barrio de María Auxiliadora, C.P. 29290, San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Hernández-Gutiérrez Edilberto
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Agroecología, Unidad Campeche, Av Poligono s/n, Ciudad Industrial, Lerma, Campeche, Mexico
| | - Valle-Mora Javier Francisco
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Estadística, Carretera Aeropuerto Antiguo Km 2.5, C.P. 30700, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Pérez-Sato Marcos
- Facultad de Ingeniería Agrohidraulica, PE de Ingeniería Agronómica y Zootecnia de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Reforma 165, Colonia Centro, CP. 73900, Tlatlauquitepec, Puebla, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Spurgeon DJ, Lahive E, Schultz CL. Nanomaterial Transformations in the Environment: Effects of Changing Exposure Forms on Bioaccumulation and Toxicity. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2000618. [PMID: 32402152 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202000618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the environment, nanomaterials (NMs) are subject to chemical transformations, such as redox reactions, dissolution, coating degradation, and organic matter, protein, and macromolecule binding, and physical transformations including homo or heteroagglomeration. The combination of these reactions can result in NMs with differing characteristics progressing through a functional fate pathway that leads to the formation of transformed NM functional fate groups with shared properties. To establish the nature of such effects of transformation on NMs, four main types of studies are conducted: 1) chemical aging for transformation of pristine NMs; 2) manipulation of test media to change NM surface properties; 3) aging of pristine NMs water, sediment, or soil; 4) NM aging in waste streams and natural environments. From these studies a paradigm of aging effects on NM uptake and toxicity can be developed. Transformation, especially speciation changes, largely results in reduced potency. Further reactions at the surface resulting in processes, such as ecocorona formation and heteroagglomeration may additionally reduce NM potency. When NMs of differing potency transform and enter environments, common transformation reaction occurring in receiving system may act to reduce the variation in hazard between different initial NMs leading to similar actual hazard under realistic exposure conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David J Spurgeon
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Elma Lahive
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Carolin L Schultz
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Świątek ZM, Woźnicka O, Bednarska AJ. Unravelling the ZnO-NPs mechanistic pathway: Cellular changes and altered morphology in the gastrointestinal tract of the earthworm Eisenia andrei. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 196:110532. [PMID: 32247243 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A major uptake route of nanoparticles (NPs) occurs via the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. When GI tract cells are exposed, NPs cytotoxic effects are observed that subsequently adversely affect the GI tract morphology and have consequences for the whole organism. The aim of this study was to understand the mechanism of effects caused by ZnO-NPs compared to Zn ions on the earthworm Eisenia andrei. The following aspects of individually exposed earthworms were investigated: 1) qualitative structural alterations in the gut epithelium and chloragogen cells of the GI tract, 2) quantitative changes within chloragogen tissues after 48 h of exposure (using morphometric analysis), and 3) the ADP/ATP ratio in homogenized tissue of the whole organism after 21 days of exposure to contaminated soil (contamination phase) followed by 14 days of elimination in clean soil (decontamination phase) to identify possible recovery. Both ZnO-NPs and Zn ions adversely affect the gut epithelium and chloragogen tissue of earthworms after 48 h of exposure to contaminated soil. Morphometric measurements revealed that the proportions of debris vesicles in the chloragocytes were significantly lower in worms exposed to ZnO-NPs than in worms exposed to Zn ions. Moreover, numerous spherite granules were observed in the chloragocytes of ionic Zn-treated worms, but not the ZnO-NPs-treated worms, suggesting differential regulation of these Zn forms. The Zn cytotoxic effect was not reflected in ADP/ATP ratio measurements. Our study provides new insights into nano-specific effects that are distinctive from ion regulation inside the GI tract and furthers our understanding of the relationship between effects at the cellular and whole-body levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna M Świątek
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Olga Woźnicka
- Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka J Bednarska
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Mickiewicza 33, 31-120, Kraków, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wojnarowicz J, Chudoba T, Lojkowski W. A Review of Microwave Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanomaterials: Reactants, Process Parameters and Morphoslogies. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1086. [PMID: 32486522 PMCID: PMC7353225 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a multifunctional material due to its exceptional physicochemical properties and broad usefulness. The special properties resulting from the reduction of the material size from the macro scale to the nano scale has made the application of ZnO nanomaterials (ZnO NMs) more popular in numerous consumer products. In recent years, particular attention has been drawn to the development of various methods of ZnO NMs synthesis, which above all meet the requirements of the green chemistry approach. The application of the microwave heating technology when obtaining ZnO NMs enables the development of new methods of syntheses, which are characterised by, among others, the possibility to control the properties, repeatability, reproducibility, short synthesis duration, low price, purity, and fulfilment of the eco-friendly approach criterion. The dynamic development of materials engineering is the reason why it is necessary to obtain ZnO NMs with strictly defined properties. The present review aims to discuss the state of the art regarding the microwave synthesis of undoped and doped ZnO NMs. The first part of the review presents the properties of ZnO and new applications of ZnO NMs. Subsequently, the properties of microwave heating are discussed and compared with conventional heating and areas of application are presented. The final part of the paper presents reactants, parameters of processes, and the morphology of products, with a division of the microwave synthesis of ZnO NMs into three primary groups, namely hydrothermal, solvothermal, and hybrid methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Wojnarowicz
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sokolowska 29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland; (T.C.); (W.L.)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Dzul-Caamal R, Vega-López A, Osten JRV. Distribution of heavy metals in crop soils from an agricultural region of the Yucatan Peninsula and biochemical changes in earthworm Eisenia foetida exposed experimentally. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:338. [PMID: 32382918 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08273-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HM) are natural components of agricultural soils. However, excessive use of agrochemicals (fertilizers and pesticides) can increase the concentration of these elements, making them harmful to crops and soil biota. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the concentrations of 6 HM (Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Al, and Fe) in soils collected from a typical agricultural region of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico, and relate their effects on weight, biotransformation (EROD, GST), and oxidative stress (SOD, CAT, LPO, and MT) in the earthworm Eisenia foetida. The results showed different concentrations of HM accumulation in soils, in the following order, Fe (598.74 ± 223.81 μg g-1), Al (145.30 ± 33.54 μg g-1), Cr (88.38 ± 36.23 μg g-1), Mn (69.53 ± 22.48 μg g-1), Zn (54.10 ± 12.04 μg g-1), and Cu (24.91 ± 12.40 μg g-1), the soils with maize, soybean, and chihua squash crops being the ones with the highest distribution and availability of these elements. These concentrations of metals did not produce mortality. However, Cr, Fe, and Al induced a significant biomass loss of E. foetida. The integrated biomarker response version 2 revealed that soil with maize cultivation was affected the most, with the earthworms exposed to this soil showing greater variations in the dominant biological responses including EROD, TBARS, SOD, and MT (IBRv2 = 9.73). PCA analysis indicated a strong positive relationship between these oxidative stress biomarkers and Cu and Zn concentrations. These findings provide a reference guide that should be part of the monitoring and management programs for different agricultural types in the region under study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Dzul-Caamal
- Instituto EPOMEX, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, Av. Héroe de Nacozari No. 480, 24070, San Francisco de Campeche, Campeche, Mexico
| | - Armando Vega-López
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n, Unidad Profesional Zacatenco, 07738, México City, CP, Mexico
| | - Jaime Rendón-von Osten
- Instituto EPOMEX, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, Av. Héroe de Nacozari No. 480, 24070, San Francisco de Campeche, Campeche, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Bao S, Huang M, Tang W, Wang T, Xu J, Fang T. Opposite effects of the earthworm Eisenia fetida on the bioavailability of Zn in soils amended with ZnO and ZnS nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 260:114045. [PMID: 32045968 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The increasing release of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) or their sulfidized forms into soils have raised concerns about their potential risks to soil ecosystems. Hence, there is a need for novel strategies to remediate metallic NPs pollution in soils. In this study, to explore the feasibility of using earthworm Eisenia fetida to manage soils contaminated with metallic NPs, we simultaneously investigated the chronic soil toxicities of ZnO NPs and ZnS NPs to E. fetida, and the effects of E. fetida on Zn extractability in soils amended with ZnO NPs and ZnS NPs. After a 28 d exposure, survival rate and weight loss of earthworms were not impacted by either ZnO NPs or ZnS NPs at a concentration of 400 mg Zn per kg soil. Further, while ZnO NPs activated earthworm antioxidative system, ZnS NPs resulted in significant alleviation of oxidative damage in earthworm. The presence of earthworms significantly decreased the bioavailability of Zn in ZnO NPs contaminated soil, whereas significantly increased the bioavailability of Zn in ZnS NPs contaminated soil. These findings implied that the earthworm E. fetida could play an important role in altering the mobilization of metals originating from metallic NPs in soils, which may further aid in the development of a method for the treatment of metallic NPs pollution in soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaopan Bao
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Manqi Huang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tao Fang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Baysal A, Saygin H, Ustabasi GS. Age-related physicochemical differences in ZnO nanoparticles in the seawater and their bacterial interaction. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:276. [PMID: 32274591 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08254-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To assess the fate and behavior of engineered nanoparticles in the environment, it is important to examine the physicochemical and toxicological transformation of nanoparticles as they age in seawater. In this study, we investigated how aging and seawater conditions altered the physiochemical structure of nanoparticles and affected their interactions with bacteria. For this purpose, zinc oxide nanoparticles were aged under different seawater conditions by keeping them in 1%, 10%, and 100% seawater for 1 day and 20 days. The main physicochemical parameters (surface chemistry, chemical composition, particle size, and zeta potential) and toxicity of aged nanoparticles towards gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa and gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus were examined. The results indicated that aged zinc oxide nanoparticles in various concentrations of seawater changed their surface chemistry, chemical composition, particle size, and zeta potentials. Growth inhibition results were observed in that the inhibition of gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria was higher compared with the gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria, and Staphylococcus aureus activated with the aged zinc oxide nanoparticles. Also, the results showed that the key biochemical factors affected by the aging and seawater concentration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asli Baysal
- Health Services Vocational School of Higher Education, T. C. Istanbul Aydin University, Sefakoy Kucukcekmece, 34295, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Hasan Saygin
- Application and Research Center for Advanced Studies, T. C. Istanbul Aydin University, Sefakoy Kucukcekmece, 34295, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gul Sirin Ustabasi
- Health Services Vocational School of Higher Education, T. C. Istanbul Aydin University, Sefakoy Kucukcekmece, 34295, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
García-Gómez C, García S, Obrador A, Almendros P, González D, Fernández MD. Effect of ageing of bare and coated nanoparticles of zinc oxide applied to soil on the Zn behaviour and toxicity to fish cells due to transfer from soil to water bodies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 706:135713. [PMID: 31791765 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the influence of ageing of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) applied to soil on the potential availability and chemical speciation of Zn, and also of their toxicity to aquatic organisms due to transfer of contaminants from soil to water. To this end, soil samples were spiked with two types of bare nanoparticles: b1ZnO NPs (rod- and elongated-shaped) and b2ZnO NPs (near-spherical shaped) and ZnO NPs coated with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (cZnO NPs) within the 0-800 mg Zn kg-1 soil dose range, and were left to age for 0, 30, 60 and 90 days. The available concentration and speciation of Zn in soil were determined by the DGT (diffusive gradients in thin films) technique and sequential extraction procedures, respectively. The toxicity of the aqueous extracts from the ZnO NP-treated soils was assessed in vitro in established fish cell lines (RTG-2). The highest distribution percentages of the applied Zn occurred in the organically complexed (OC), followed by the exchangeable (EXC) fraction, for all NP types, applied doses and incubation times. The toxicity of NPs depended on their intrinsic properties: b1ZnO NPs affected the membrane function, reductase enzyme activity and, to a lesser extent, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels of fish cells, whereas b2ZnO NPs and cZnO NPs affected mainly ROS generation. Ageing increased Zn soil availability, but toxicity to fish cells showed no trend over time. The particle dissolution of ZnO NPs did not explain the observed toxicity, hence a nanoparticles-specific effect should be assumed. The findings of this study seem to indicate that the transfer of ZnO NP from contaminated soils to aquatic ecosystems should be addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Concepción García-Gómez
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Environment Department, Ctra. A Coruña, km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sandra García
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Environment Department, Ctra. A Coruña, km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ana Obrador
- Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Chemical and Food Technology Department, CEIGRAM, Research Centre for the Management of Agricultural and Environmental Risks, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - Patricia Almendros
- Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Chemical and Food Technology Department, CEIGRAM, Research Centre for the Management of Agricultural and Environmental Risks, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - Demetrio González
- Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Chemical and Food Technology Department, CEIGRAM, Research Centre for the Management of Agricultural and Environmental Risks, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - María Dolores Fernández
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Environment Department, Ctra. A Coruña, km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Singh R, Cheng S, Singh S. Oxidative stress-mediated genotoxic effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on Deinococcus radiodurans. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:66. [PMID: 32030335 PMCID: PMC6980014 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-2054-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive use of nanomaterials in consumer products has invoked the concerns about interactions of nanoparticles with living organisms (including microorganisms). Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are well known for their antibacterial effect due to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Therefore, their release into the environment is expected to raise major concern towards ecotoxicity. In the present study, we have studied the toxic effect of ZnO NPs on Deinococcus radiodurans, which is well known to show extraordinary resistant from the damaging effects of radiation. Result showed that ZnO NPs are significantly internalized into the bacterial cells and induce concentration-dependent toxicity with membrane damage. Genotoxicity studies revealed that ZnO exposure induces significant DNA damage to bacterial cells. All the observations evidenced that ZnO NPs induce significant ROS generation, protein oxidation and DNA damage with concomitant thiol depletion. Further, gene expression analysis showed that several DNA repair genes and metabolic pathway-related genes are downregulated upon ZnO NP exposure, with simultaneous increase in the expression of DNA damage response genes. Thus, the present study on toxicity of ZnO NPs on a model organism, D. radiodurans, inflicts the possible mechanism behind ZnO NP-mediated toxic effects on various other microbial organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ragini Singh
- School of Agriculture Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong China
| | - Shuang Cheng
- School of Agriculture Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong China
| | - Sanjay Singh
- Division of Biological and Life Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Central campus, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009 India
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
García-Gómez C, García-Gutiérrez S, Obrador A, Fernández MD. Study of Zn availability, uptake, and effects on earthworms of zinc oxide nanoparticle versus bulk applied to two agricultural soils: Acidic and calcareous. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 239:124814. [PMID: 31527003 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The increasing use of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in agriculture renders it necessary to evaluate their impact on soil non-target organisms. This work studies Zn availability to earthworms from the ZnO (NP and bulk) applied to two agricultural soils with a different pH at 20, 225, 500, and 1000 mg Zn kg-1. Zn uptakes and the effects on Eisenia andrei, grown under controlled conditions, were determined. Effects were assessed at three levels: organisms, mortality, growth and reproduction; biochemical, catalase and glutathione S-transferase activities, malondialdehyde (MDA), and protein content; cellular in coelomocytes, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, lysosomal membrane alterations (RN) and mitochondrial dysfunction (MTT). Available Zn was 100-fold higher in acidic than in calcareous soil and did not differ among ZnO (NP or bulk). Zn in worms was auto-regulated regardless of the soil Zn concentration, pH and ZnO size. Effects on mortality and weight were observed only in the acidic soil at the highest concentration, ZnO NPs reduced survival and body weight, while ZnO bulk reduced body weight. Reproduction parameters in acidic soil were: EC50 (fecundity) 277 and 256 mg Zn kg-1 and EC50 (fertility) 177 and 179 mg Zn kg-1 for ZnO NPs and bulk, respectively, with no found NP-specific effects. No responses of enzymatic activities, MDA and MTT were detected. ROS and RN were altered in the coelomocyte cells of earthworms in the two soils, but effects depended on ZnO size suggesting nanospecific effects. Soil pH governs toxicity more than ZnO size regardless of body Zn concentration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Concepción García-Gómez
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Agronomía.,Ctra, A Coruña, Km 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sandra García-Gutiérrez
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Agronomía.,Ctra, A Coruña, Km 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain; Technical University of Madrid (UPM), Chemical & Food Technology Department, Avda. Complutense S/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ana Obrador
- Technical University of Madrid (UPM), Chemical & Food Technology Department, Avda. Complutense S/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Dolores Fernández
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Agronomía.,Ctra, A Coruña, Km 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Li M, Yang Y, Xie J, Xu G, Yu Y. In-vivo and in-vitro tests to assess toxic mechanisms of nano ZnO to earthworms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 687:71-76. [PMID: 31203009 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Increasing applications of engineered nanomaterials lead to the release of nanoparticles into various environmental media, especially soil. However, the environmental behavior of nano ZnO in soil and the toxic mechanism to terrestrial invertebrates were not fully understood. In this study, the concentrations of nano ZnO in earthworms (Eisenia fetida) were measured to assess its bioaccumulation. The ratio of nano ZnO in earthworms to soil in 250 mg/kg treatment group was lower than that in 10 mg/kg treatment group as the earthworms would not take up too much nano ZnO to protect themselves from the damage. Combination of in-vivo and in-vitro tests was adapted to investigate the toxic mechanism of nano ZnO to earthworms. In in-vivo test, biomarkers including ROS, SOD, and MDA suggested that the toxic effects of nano ZnO to earthworms were caused by the oxidative stress. To further elucidate its toxic mechanism, in-vitro toxicity test was carried out by employing earthworm coelomocytes. The biomarkers, intracellular ROS, extracellular LDH, and cell viability showed concentration-dependent manner with nano ZnO in the culture media, demonstrating that in-vitro toxicity test could be utilized to reveal the toxic mechanism of nano ZnO to earthworms or other organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Architectural Engineering, East University of Heilongjiang, Harbin 150066, China
| | - Jiawei Xie
- School of Food and Environmental Engineering, East University of Heilongjiang, Harbin 150066, China
| | - Guanghui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Świątek ZM, Bednarska AJ. Energy reserves and respiration rate in the earthworm Eisenia andrei after exposure to zinc in nanoparticle or ionic form. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:24933-24945. [PMID: 31243653 PMCID: PMC6689315 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05753-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
The energy budget is an indicator of an organism's overall condition. Changes in energy reserves and/or energy consumption have been used as biomarkers of toxic stress. To understand the effects of different forms and concentrations of Zn and the costs of effective Zn regulation by the earthworm Eisenia andrei, we performed a toxicokinetic experiment in which individuals were sampled over time to determine the available energy reserves (total carbohydrate, protein, and lipid content), energy consumption (measured at the cellular level and as the whole-animal respiration rate), and internal Zn concentration. The earthworms were exposed to ZnCl2 or zinc nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) in Lufa 2.2 soil for 21 days (contamination phase), followed by 14 days of elimination in clean soil (decontamination phase). Carbohydrates were the only energy reserves with significantly lower levels following ZnO-NP 1000 treatment than following other treatments (p ≤ 0.00001) in the contamination phase. The total available energy reserves and protein content did not differ among treatments, but a significant effect of exposure time was observed (p ≤ 0.0001). Exposure to Zn (both ions and NPs) increased energy consumption at the cellular level, reflecting the high energy demand of the stress response. The results indicated that E. andrei can regulate internal Zn concentrations efficiently, regardless of form or concentration, without considerable impact on energy reserves or respiration rate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna M Świątek
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka J Bednarska
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Mickiewicza 33, 31-120, Kraków, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhang L, Van Gestel CAM. Effect of ageing and chemical form on the bioavailability and toxicity of Pb to the survival and reproduction of the soil invertebrate Enchytraeus crypticus. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 664:975-983. [PMID: 30769321 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of ageing on the bioavailability and toxicity of lead nitrate (Pb(NO3)2) and lead oxide (PbO) to Enchytraeus crypticus in LUFA 2.2 natural soil. The potworms were exposed after 2 weeks pre-incubation and after ageing the spiked soils for 3, 6, 12 and 18 months. Survival and reproduction after 21 d exposure were related to total, 0.01 M CaCl2-extractable and porewater Pb concentrations in the soil and internal Pb concentrations in the surviving animals. Pb concentration in pore water showed little change during ageing for Pb(NO3)2 but increased strongly for PbO-spiked soils. During ageing, toxicity of Pb(NO3)2 did not change with LC50s and EC50s for the effect on enchytraeid survival and reproduction based on total soil Pb concentrations being constant at 523-619 and 89.8-99.4 mg Pb/kg dry soil, respectively. Toxicity of PbO, however, increased with LC50s and EC50s decreasing from 4830 to 1889 mg Pb/kg dry soil and from 151 to 97.5 mg Pb/kg dry soil, respectively. When related to internal Pb concentrations LC50s did not differ for both Pb forms at different ageing periods and were 73.4-78.7 mg Pb/kg dry body wt. Survival was better explained from internal Pb concentrations in the worms than from total or available Pb concentrations in the soil. Reproduction toxicity (EC50s) and Pb uptake in the worms however, were better explained from 0.01 M CaCl2-extractable Pb concentrations in the soil. The latter finding could provide a scientific basis for the ecological risk assessment of contaminated soils and the derivation of soil quality standards based on extractable concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Zhang
- Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelis A M Van Gestel
- Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhang L, Van Gestel CAM. Effect of percolation and chemical form on Pb bioavailability and toxicity to the soil invertebrate Enchytraeus crypticus in freshly spiked and aged soils. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 247:866-873. [PMID: 30731312 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.01.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In standard terrestrial ecotoxicological tests, soils usually are spiked with highly soluble metal salts leading to overestimation of bioavailability and introducing counterions that may contribute to toxicity. Leaching is suggested as an efficient method to avoid the effects of the associated counterions. The present study aimed at investigating the effects of leaching on the bioavailability and toxicity of Pb(NO3)2 and PbO to the potworm Enchytraeus crypticus in LUFA 2.2 soil freshly spiked or after 18 months ageing. Percolation decreased porewater Pb concentrations as well as the toxicity of both Pb forms. The influence of percolation differed between the two Pb forms and between freshly spiked and aged soils. Percolation slightly increased LC50s based on total soil Pb concentrations for Pb(NO3)2, but not for PbO, and only affected Pb toxicity to enchytraeid reproduction in freshly spiked soils. The differences in Pb uptake in E. crypticus and toxicity between the two Pb forms as well as between different treatments could be minimized by relating them to 0.01 M CaCl2-extractable concentrations. In addition, body Pb concentrations could well explain enchytraeid survival across all soils and treatments, indicating its suitability as a good proxy for Pb toxicity in soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Zhang
- Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelis A M Van Gestel
- Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Starnes D, Unrine J, Chen C, Lichtenberg S, Starnes C, Svendsen C, Kille P, Morgan J, Baddar ZE, Spear A, Bertsch P, Chen KC, Tsyusko O. Toxicogenomic responses of Caenorhabditis elegans to pristine and transformed zinc oxide nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 247:917-926. [PMID: 30823346 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.01.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Manufactured nanoparticles (MNPs) undergo transformation immediately after they enter wastewater treatment streams and during their partitioning to sewage sludge, which is applied to agricultural soils in form of biosolids. We examined toxicogenomic responses of the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans to pristine and transformed ZnO-MNPs (phosphatized pZnO- and sulfidized sZnO-MNPs). To account for the toxicity due to dissolved Zn, a ZnSO4 treatment was included. Transformation of ZnO-MNPs reduced their toxicity by nearly ten-fold, while there was almost no difference in the toxicity of pristine ZnO-MNPs and ZnSO4. This combined with the fact that far more dissolved Zn was released from ZnO- compared to pZnO- or sZnO-MNPs, suggests that dissolution of pristine ZnO-MNPs is one of the main drivers of their toxicity. Transcriptomic responses at the EC30 for reproduction resulted in a total of 1161 differentially expressed genes. Fifty percent of the genes differentially expressed in the ZnSO4 treatment, including the three metal responsive genes (mtl-1, mtl-2 and numr-1), were shared among all treatments, suggesting that responses to all forms of Zn could be partially attributed to dissolved Zn. However, the toxicity and transcriptomic responses in all MNP treatments cannot be fully explained by dissolved Zn. Two of the biological pathways identified, one essential for protein biosynthesis (Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis) and another associated with detoxification (ABC transporters), were shared among pristine and one or both transformed ZnO-MNPs, but not ZnSO4. When comparing pristine and transformed ZnO-MNPs, 66% and 40% of genes were shared between ZnO-MNPs and sZnO-MNPs or pZnO-MNPs, respectively. This suggests greater similarity in transcriptomic responses between ZnO-MNPs and sZnO-MNPs, while toxicity mechanisms are more distinct for pZnO-MNPs, where 13 unique biological pathways were identified. Based on these pathways, the toxicity of pZnO-MNPs is likely to be associated with their adverse effect on digestion and metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Starnes
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Math and Computer Science, Belmont University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jason Unrine
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Chun Chen
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Stuart Lichtenberg
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Catherine Starnes
- Department of Math and Computer Science, Belmont University, Nashville, TN, USA; Biostatics, Epidemiology, and Research Design, Center for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Claus Svendsen
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxon, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Peter Kille
- Organisms and Environment Division, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - John Morgan
- Organisms and Environment Division, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Zeinah Elhaj Baddar
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Amanda Spear
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Paul Bertsch
- Division of Land and Water, CSIRO, Ecosciences Precinct, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kuey Chu Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Olga Tsyusko
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Jośko I. Copper and zinc fractionation in soils treated with CuO and ZnO nanoparticles: The effect of soil type and moisture content. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 653:822-832. [PMID: 30759608 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Increased use of nano-products results in the release of nano-constituents into various environmental media, including soils. The metal components of inorganic nanoparticles are subject to partitioning during the various soil phases. The aim of the study presented here was to estimate Zn and Cu distribution in different soils after treatment with nano-ZnO and nano-CuO (10 mg kg-1) under various moisture conditions (30, 50 and 80% of water holding capacity). Samples were incubated for 24 h, 3 and 24 months. In addition, the effect of the form of Cu (nano-CuO, nano-Cu, bulk-CuO and CuCl2) on Cu partitioning was estimated. The assessment of metal distribution was made using sequential analysis, which allowed to distinguish five fractions: exchangeable (F1), carbonate (F2), bound with Fe-Mn oxides (F3), bound with organic matter (F4), and residual (F5). The results of the analyses revealed that in the treated and untreated soil the percentage of potentially bioavailable metal fractions (F1, F2) was considerably lower than the total content of fractions considered to be stable (F3, F4, F5). Fractionation of Cu and Zn differed, which could have resulted from different rates of solubility as well as from soil properties and moisture content.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Jośko
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobioengineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland; Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Marie Skłodowska-Curie, Lublin, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
García-Gómez C, Obrador A, González D, Babín M, Fernández MD. Comparative study of the phytotoxicity of ZnO nanoparticles and Zn accumulation in nine crops grown in a calcareous soil and an acidic soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 644:770-780. [PMID: 29990925 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The increasing use of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in agriculture and consumer products has created the need to evaluate their impact on crops. Nine crops were investigated: wheat, maize, radish, bean, lettuce, tomato, pea, cucumber, and beet. The toxic effects of ZnO NPs on seed germination, plant growth, and biochemical parameters, including photosynthetic pigments, protein and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, reactive oxygen species (ROS), enzymes of the antioxidant defence system, as well as the Zn translocation in the plants were investigated using pots containing non-contaminated or ZnO NP-contaminated soil at concentrations of 20, 225, 450, and 900 mg Zn kg-1. Two soils with different physicochemical properties, namely a calcareous soil and an acidic soil, were used. The total and available Zn in the soils were correlated with the Zn in the plants (roots and shoots) and the observed effects. In the calcareous soil, the available Zn was very low and the phytotoxicity was limited to a slight reduction in the biomass for wheat, cucumber, and beet at the highest concentration. Only beet showed an increase in photosynthetic pigments. The parameters related to oxidative stress were affected to different degrees depending on the crop, with the exceptions of maize, lettuce, pea, and beet. In the acidic soil, the available Zn was high, and the germination of bean, tomato, lettuce, and beet, and the growth of most of the crops were seriously affected. The calculated EC50 values (growth) in the acidic soil ranged from 110 to 520 mg Zn kg-1. The photosynthetic pigments and most of the markers of oxidative stress were negatively affected in maize, wheat, bean, and pea. However, these changes were not always associated with a decrease in plant weight. In summary, soil pH and plant species are key factors affecting the Zn availability and phytotoxicity of ZnO NPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Concepción García-Gómez
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Environment Department, Ctra. A Coruña, km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ana Obrador
- Technical University of Madrid (UPM), Chemical & Food Technology Department, Ciudad Universitaria. Avda. Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Demetrio González
- Technical University of Madrid (UPM), Chemical & Food Technology Department, Ciudad Universitaria. Avda. Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mar Babín
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Environment Department, Ctra. A Coruña, km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Dolores Fernández
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Environment Department, Ctra. A Coruña, km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Schultz CL, Lahive E, Lawlor A, Crossley A, Puntes V, Unrine JM, Svendsen C, Spurgeon DJ. Influence of soil porewater properties on the fate and toxicity of silver nanoparticles to Caenorhabditis elegans. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2018; 37:2609-2618. [PMID: 30003578 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Engineered nanoparticles (NPs) entering the environment are subject to various transformations that in turn influence how particles are presented to, and taken up by, organisms. To understand the effect of soil properties on the toxicity of nanosilver to Caenorhabditis elegans, toxicity assays were performed in porewater extracts from natural soils with varying organic matter content and pH using 3-8 nm unfunctionalized silver (Ag 3-8Unf), 52-nm polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-coated Ag NPs (Ag 52PVP), and AgNO3 as ionic Ag. Effects on NP agglomeration and stability were investigated using ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy and asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation (AF4); Ag+ showed greater overall toxicity than nanosilver, with little difference between the NP types. Increasing soil organic matter content significantly decreased the toxicity of Ag 3-8Unf, whereas it increased that of AgNO3 . The toxicity of all Ag treatments significantly decreased with increasing porewater pH. Dissolution of both NPs in the porewater extracts was too low to have contributed to their observed toxic effects. The UV-vis spectroscopy revealed low levels of agglomeration/aggregation independent of soil properties for Ag 3-8Unf, whereas higher organic matter as well as low pH appeared to stabilize Ag 52PVP. Overall, both soil organic matter content and pH affected NP fate as well as toxicity to C. elegans; however, there appears to be no clear connection between the measured particle characteristics and their effect. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:2609-2618. © 2018 SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolin L Schultz
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxon, United Kingdom
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Bailrigg Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Elma Lahive
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxon, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Lawlor
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Bailrigg Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Alison Crossley
- Department of Materials, Oxford University, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Victor Puntes
- Catalan Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish National Research Council, Madrid, Spain
- Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jason M Unrine
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Claus Svendsen
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxon, United Kingdom
| | - David J Spurgeon
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxon, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
García-Gómez C, García S, Obrador AF, González D, Babín M, Fernández MD. Effects of aged ZnO NPs and soil type on Zn availability, accumulation and toxicity to pea and beet in a greenhouse experiment. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 160:222-230. [PMID: 29807295 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Most studies have assessed the toxicity of pristine NPs to plants without considering the likely changes that these NPs will undergo during their residence time in the soil. In this study, we assessed the effects of ZnO NPs (3, 20, and 225 mg Zn kg-1 soil) aged for a year in soil and after a previous crop on the Zn availability in soil, leaf accumulation and toxicity to green pea (Pisum sativum L.) and beet root (Beta vulgaris L). The effects were compared to bulk ZnO and ZnSO4 in two agricultural soils with different pH under greenhouse conditions. The Zn concentration in the plant leaf was 6-12-fold higher in acidic than in calcareous soil that could explain the different effects on plants caused by Zn applications depending on soil type. Thus, in acidic soil, ZnO NPs promoted ROS generation in both plant species with increases from 47% to 130%, increased the MDA content in pea up to 58 ± 8% in plant exposed to ZnSO4 at 225 mg Zn kg-1 soil and altered the ratio of photosynthetic pigments in beet between 12% and 41%, suggesting distressed chloroplast constituents. In calcareous soil, the changes seemed to be related to the supply of Zn in Zn deficient soils, whose principal effect was the 20-65% decrease of ROS levels in treated plants. The available and leaf Zn concentrations did not differ among Zn sources. Likewise, ZnO NPs showed comparable toxic or stimulatory effects to ZnO bulk and Zn salt, with some exceptions where Zn ion showed the highest phytotoxicity and effectiveness as a micronutrient. According to our results, we cannot affirm that NPs pose a higher potential environmental risk than their bulk counterparts after one-year of residence time in soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Concepción García-Gómez
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Environment Department, Ctra. A Coruña, km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sandra García
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Environment Department, Ctra. A Coruña, km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ana Francisca Obrador
- Technical University of Madrid (UPM), Chemical & Food Technology Department, Ciudad Universitaria, Avda. Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Demetrio González
- Technical University of Madrid (UPM), Chemical & Food Technology Department, Ciudad Universitaria, Avda. Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mar Babín
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Environment Department, Ctra. A Coruña, km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Dolores Fernández
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Environment Department, Ctra. A Coruña, km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Dimkpa CO, Singh U, Bindraban PS, Elmer WH, Gardea-Torresdey JL, White JC. Exposure to Weathered and Fresh Nanoparticle and Ionic Zn in Soil Promotes Grain Yield and Modulates Nutrient Acquisition in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:9645-9656. [PMID: 30169030 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated weathered and fresh ZnO-nanoparticles and Zn-salt effects on nutrient acquisition and redistribution in wheat. Weathered and fresh ZnO-nanoparticles and Zn-salt significantly increased grain yield by 15% and 29%, respectively. Postharvest soil acidification indicated ZnO-nanoparticles dissolved during growth. Zn was significantly bioaccumulated from both Zn types, but with low root-to-shoot bioaccumulation efficiency: 24% and 20% for weathered nanoparticles and salt, and 48% and 30% for fresh nanoparticles and salt. Grain Zn content was increased 186% and 229% by weathered nanoparticles and salt, and 229% and 300% by fresh nanoparticles and salt. Shoot-to-grain translocation efficiency was high: 167% and 177% for weathered nanoparticles and salt, and 209% and 155% for fresh nanoparticles and salt. However, Zincon assay indicated grain Zn does not exist as ions. This study demonstrates that ZnO-nanoparticles and Zn-salt vary in their effects on nutrient acquisition in wheat, with relevance for biofortification of Zn for human nutrition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian O Dimkpa
- International Fertilizer Development Center (IFDC) , Muscle Shoals , Alabama 35662 , United States
- The Center for Nanotechnology and Agricultural Pathogen Suppression (CeNAPS) , New Haven , Connecticut 06511 , United States
| | - Upendra Singh
- International Fertilizer Development Center (IFDC) , Muscle Shoals , Alabama 35662 , United States
| | - Prem S Bindraban
- International Fertilizer Development Center (IFDC) , Muscle Shoals , Alabama 35662 , United States
| | - Wade H Elmer
- The Center for Nanotechnology and Agricultural Pathogen Suppression (CeNAPS) , New Haven , Connecticut 06511 , United States
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station , 123 Huntington Street , New Haven , Connecticut 06511 , United States
| | - Jorge L Gardea-Torresdey
- The Center for Nanotechnology and Agricultural Pathogen Suppression (CeNAPS) , New Haven , Connecticut 06511 , United States
| | - Jason C White
- The Center for Nanotechnology and Agricultural Pathogen Suppression (CeNAPS) , New Haven , Connecticut 06511 , United States
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station , 123 Huntington Street , New Haven , Connecticut 06511 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Pochron S, Nikakis J, Illuzzi K, Baatz A, Demirciyan L, Dhillon A, Gaylor T, Manganaro A, Maritato N, Moawad M, Singh R, Tucker C, Vaughan D. Exposure to aged crumb rubber reduces survival time during a stress test in earthworms (Eisenia fetida). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:11376-11383. [PMID: 29423690 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1433-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Solid waste management struggles with the sustainable disposal of used tires. One solution involves shredding used tires into crumb rubber and using the material as infill for artificial turf. However, crumb rubber contains hydrocarbons, organic compounds, and heavy metals, and it travels into the environment. Earthworms living in soil contaminated with virgin crumb rubber gained 14% less body weight than did earthworms living in uncontaminated soil, but the impact of aged crumb rubber on the earthworms is unknown. Since many athletic fields contain aged crumb rubber, we compared the body weight, survivorship, and longevity in heat and light stress for earthworms living in clean topsoil to those living in topsoil contaminated with aged crumb rubber. We also characterized levels of metals, nutrients, and micronutrients of both soil treatments and compared those to published values for soil contaminated with virgin crumb rubber. Consistent with earlier research, we found that contaminated soil did not inhibit microbial respiration rates. Aged crumb rubber, like new crumb rubber, had high levels of zinc. However, while exposure to aged crumb rubber did not reduce earthworm body weight as did exposure to new crumb rubber, exposure to aged crumb rubber reduced earthworm survival time during a stress test by a statistically significant 38 min (16.2%) relative to the survival time for worms that had lived in clean soil. Aged crumb rubber and new crumb rubber appear to pose similar toxic risks to earthworms. This study suggests an environmental cost associated with the current tire-recycling solution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Pochron
- Sustainability Studies Program, School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3352, USA.
| | | | - Kyra Illuzzi
- Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3352, USA
| | - Andrea Baatz
- Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3352, USA
| | | | | | - Thomas Gaylor
- Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3352, USA
| | | | | | - Michael Moawad
- Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3352, USA
| | | | - Clara Tucker
- Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3352, USA
| | - Daniel Vaughan
- Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3352, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Cipullo S, Prpich G, Campo P, Coulon F. Assessing bioavailability of complex chemical mixtures in contaminated soils: Progress made and research needs. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 615:708-723. [PMID: 28992498 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the distribution, behaviour and interactions of complex chemical mixtures is key for providing the evidence necessary to make informed decisions and implement robust remediation strategies. Much of the current risk assessment frameworks applied to manage land contamination are based on total contaminant concentrations and the exposure assessments embedded within them do not explicitly address the partitioning and bioavailability of chemical mixtures. These oversights may contribute to an overestimation of both the eco-toxicological effects of the fractions and the mobility of contaminants. In turn, this may limit the efficacy of risk frameworks to inform targeted and proportionate remediation strategies. In this review we analyse the science surrounding bioavailability, its regulatory inclusion and the challenges of incorporating bioavailability in decision making process. While a number of physical and chemical techniques have proven to be valuable tools for estimating bioavailability of organic and inorganic contaminants in soils, doubts have been cast on its implementation into risk management soil frameworks mainly due to a general disagreement on the interchangeable use of bioavailability and bioaccessibility, and the associated methods which are still not standardised. This review focuses on the role of biotic and abiotic factors affecting bioavailability along with soil physicochemical properties and contaminant composition. We also included advantages and disadvantages of different extraction techniques and their implications for bioavailability quantitative estimation. In order to move forward the integration of bioavailability into site-specific risk assessments we should (1) account for soil and contaminant physicochemical characteristics and their effect on bioavailability; (2) evaluate receptor's potential exposure and uptake based on mild-extraction; (3) adopt a combined approach where chemical-techniques are used along with biological methods; (4) consider a simplified and cost-effective methodology to apply at regulatory and industry setting; (5) use single-contaminant exposure assessments to inform and predict complex chemical mixture behaviour and bioavailability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Cipullo
- Cranfield University, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
| | - G Prpich
- Cranfield University, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
| | - P Campo
- Cranfield University, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
| | - F Coulon
- Cranfield University, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Laycock A, Romero-Freire A, Najorka J, Svendsen C, van Gestel CAM, Rehkämper M. Novel Multi-isotope Tracer Approach To Test ZnO Nanoparticle and Soluble Zn Bioavailability in Joint Soil Exposures. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:12756-12763. [PMID: 29017317 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b02944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Here we use two enriched stable isotopes, 68Znen and 64Znen (>99%), to prepare 68ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) and soluble 64ZnCl2. The standard LUFA 2.2 test soil was dosed with 68ZnO NPs and soluble 64ZnCl2 to 5 mg kg-1 each, plus between 0 and 95 mg kg-1 of soluble ZnCl2 with a natural isotope composition. After 0, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months of soil incubation, earthworms (Eisenia andrei) were introduced for 72 h exposures. Analyses of soils, pore waters, and earthworm tissues using multiple collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry allowed the simultaneous measurement of the diagnostic 68Zn/66Zn, 64Zn/66Zn, and 68Zn/64Zn ratios, from which the three different isotopic forms of Zn were quantified. Eisenia andrei was able to regulate Zn body concentrations with no difference observed between the different total dosing concentrations. The accumulation of labeled Zn by the earthworms showed a direct relationship with the proportion of labeled to total Zn in the pore water, which increased with longer soil incubation times and decreasing soil pH. The 68Znen/64Znen ratios determined for earthworms (1.09 ± 0.04), soils (1.09 ± 0.02), and pore waters (1.08 ± 0.02) indicate indistinguishable environmental distribution and uptake of the Zn forms, most likely due to rapid dissolution of the ZnO NPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Laycock
- Department of Earth Science & Engineering, Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, University of Vienna , Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Ana Romero-Freire
- Department of Soil Science, University of Granada , Avd. Fuente Nueva, 18002 Granada, Spain
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux, UMR 7360 CNRS, Université de Lorraine , Campus Bridoux, Bâtiment IBISE, 8 rue du Général Delestraint, 57070 Metz, France
| | - Jens Najorka
- Core Research Laboratories, Natural History Museum , Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom
| | - Claus Svendsen
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology , Benson Lane, Wallingford, Oxford OX10 8BB, United Kingdom
| | - Cornelis A M van Gestel
- Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit , De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Rehkämper
- Department of Earth Science & Engineering, Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Du J, Zhang Y, Liu L, Qv M, Lv Y, Yin Y, Zhou Y, Cui M, Zhu Y, Zhang H. Can visible light impact litter decomposition under pollution of ZnO nanoparticles? CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 187:368-375. [PMID: 28858717 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.08.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ZnO nanoparticles is one of the most used materials in a wide range including antibacterial coating, electronic device, and personal care products. With the development of nanotechnology, ecotoxicology of ZnO nanoparticles has been received increasing attention. To assess the phototoxicity of ZnO nanoparticles in aquatic ecosystem, microcosm experiments were conducted on Populus nigra L. leaf litter decomposition under combined effect of ZnO nanoparticles and visible light radiation. Litter decomposition rate, pH value, extracellular enzyme activity, as well as the relative contributions of fungal community to litter decomposition were studied. Results showed that long-term exposure to ZnO nanoparticles and visible light led to a significant decrease in litter decomposition rate (0.26 m-1 vs 0.45 m-1), and visible light would increase the inhibitory effect (0.24 m-1), which caused significant decrease in pH value of litter cultures, fungal sporulation rate, as well as most extracellular enzyme activities. The phototoxicity of ZnO nanoparticles also showed impacts on fungal community composition, especially on the genus of Varicosporium, whose abundance was significantly and positively related to decomposition rate. In conclusion, our study provides the evidence for negatively effects of ZnO NPs photocatalysis on ecological process of litter decomposition and highlights the contribution of visible light radiation to nanoparticles toxicity in freshwater ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Du
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, PR China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, PR China.
| | - Yuyan Zhang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Lina Liu
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Mingxiang Qv
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Yanna Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, PR China
| | - Yifei Yin
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Yinfei Zhou
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Minghui Cui
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Yanfeng Zhu
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Hongzhong Zhang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, PR China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Amde M, Liu JF, Tan ZQ, Bekana D. Transformation and bioavailability of metal oxide nanoparticles in aquatic and terrestrial environments. A review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 230:250-267. [PMID: 28662490 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.06.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Metal oxide nanoparticles (MeO-NPs) are among the most consumed NPs and also have wide applications in various areas which increased their release into the environmental system. Aquatic (water and sediments) and terrestrial compartments are predicted to be the destination of the released MeO-NPs. In these compartments, the particles are subjected to various dynamic processes such as physical, chemical and biological processes, and undergo transformations which drive them away from their pristine state. These transformation pathways can have strong implications for the fate, transport, persistence, bioavailability and toxic-effects of the NPs. In this critical review, we provide the state-of-the-knowledge on the transformation processes and bioavailability of MeO-NPs in the environment, which is the topic of interest to researchers. We also recommend future research directions in the area which will support future risk assessments by enhancing our knowledge of the transformation and bioavailability of MeO-NPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meseret Amde
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing-Fu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Zhi-Qiang Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Deribachew Bekana
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Qiu H, Smolders E. Nanospecific Phytotoxicity of CuO Nanoparticles in Soils Disappeared When Bioavailability Factors Were Considered. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:11976-11985. [PMID: 28934849 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b01892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Bioavailability-modifying factors such as soil type and aging have only rarely been considered in assessing toxicity of metal-containing nanoparticles in soil. Here, we examined the toxicity to barley (Hordeum vulgare) of CuO nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) relative to CuO bulk particles (CuO-BPs) and Cu acetate (Cu(OAc)2) in six different soils with or without aging. The set up allows identifying whether or not NPs-derived colloidal Cu in soil porewater contributes to toxicity. Ultrafiltration (50 kDa) was performed together with geochemical modeling to determine {Cu2+} (free Cu2+ activity in soil porewater). Based on total soil Cu concentration, toxicity measured with seedling root elongation ranked Cu(OAc)2 > CuO-NPs > CuO-BPs in freshly spiked soils. The differences in toxicity among the three toxicants became smaller in soils aged for 90 days. When expressing toxicity as {Cu2+}, there was no indication that nanoparticulate or colloidal Cu enhanced toxicity. A calibrated bioavailability-based model based on {Cu2+} and pH successfully explained (R2 = 0.78, n = 215) toxicity of all Cu forms in different soils with and without aging. Our results suggest that toxicity predictions and risk assessment of CuO-NPs can be carried out properly using the bioavailability-based approaches that are used already for their non-nano counterparts in soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Qiu
- Division of Soil and Water Management, KU Leuven , 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Erik Smolders
- Division of Soil and Water Management, KU Leuven , 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Świątek ZM, van Gestel CAM, Bednarska AJ. Toxicokinetics of zinc-oxide nanoparticles and zinc ions in the earthworm Eisenia andrei. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 143:151-158. [PMID: 28531765 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The toxicokinetics of zinc in the earthworm Eisenia andrei was investigated following exposure for 21 days to ionic zinc (ZnCl2) or zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) in Lufa 2.2 soil, followed by 21 days elimination in clean soil. Two concentrations were tested for both ZnCl2 (250 and 500μg Zn g-1) and ZnO-NPs (500 and 1000μg Zn g-1), corresponding to EC25 and EC50 for effects on reproduction. Based on the measured internal Zn concentrations in the earthworms over time of exposure, the kinetics parameters ka - assimilation rate constant (gsoil g-1body weight day-1) and ke - elimination rate constant (day-1) were estimated using a one-compartment model for either total Zn concentrations in the soil or porewater Zn concentrations. In the ZnCl2 treatments, ka was higher for total Zn concentrations in soil, whereas in the ZnO-NP treatments, ka was higher for porewater Zn concentrations. The value of ke did not differ between the two Zn forms (ZnCl2 vs ZnO-NPs) for either EC50 or EC25 when related to total Zn concentrations in soil, but for EC50, ke related to porewater Zn concentrations was significantly higher for ZnCl2 than for ZnO-NPs. It is concluded that differences in kinetic parameters between treatments were connected with exposure concentrations rather than with the form of Zn. Zinc was efficiently regulated by the earthworms in all treatments: a 2-fold increase in exposure concentration resulted in a less than 2-fold increase in internal concentration, and after transfer to uncontaminated soil the internal Zn concentrations in the earthworms returned to ca 111μgg-1 dw in all treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna M Świątek
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Cornelis A M van Gestel
- Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Agnieszka J Bednarska
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Mickiewicza 33, 31-120 Kraków, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Servin AD, Pagano L, Castillo-Michel H, De la Torre-Roche R, Hawthorne J, Hernandez-Viezcas JA, Loredo-Portales R, Majumdar S, Gardea-Torresday J, Dhankher OP, White JC. Weathering in soil increases nanoparticle CuO bioaccumulation within a terrestrial food chain. Nanotoxicology 2017; 11:98-111. [PMID: 28024451 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2016.1277274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluates the bioaccumulation of unweathered (U) and weathered (W) CuO in NP, bulk and ionic form (0-400 mg/kg) by lettuce exposed for 70 d in soil co-contaminated with field incurred chlordane. To evaluate CuO trophic transfer, leaves were fed to crickets (Acheta domestica) for 15 d, followed by insect feeding to lizards (Anolis carolinensis). Upon weathering, the root Cu content of the NP treatment increased 214% (327 ± 59.1 mg/kg) over unaged treatment. Cu root content decreased in bulk and ionic treatments from 70-130 mg/kg to 13-26 mg/kg upon aging in soil. Micro X-ray fluorescence (μ-XRF) analysis of W-NP-exposed roots showed a homogenous distribution of Cu (and Ca) in the tissues. Additionally, micro X-ray absorption near-edge (μ-XANES) analysis of W-NP-exposed roots showed near complete transformation of CuO to Cu (I)-sulfur and oxide complexes in the tissues, whereas in unweathered treatment, most root Cu remained as CuO. The expression level of nine genes involved in Cu transport shows that the mechanisms of CuO NPs (and bulk) response/accumulation are different than ionic Cu. The chlordane accumulation by lettuce upon co-exposure to CuO NPs significantly increased upon weathering. Conversely, bulk and ionic exposures decreased pesticide accumulation by plant upon weathering. The Cu cricket fecal content from U-NP-exposed insects was significantly greater than the bulk or ion treatments, suggesting a higher initial NP accumulation followed by significantly greater elimination during depuration. In the lizard, Cu content in the intestine, body and head did not differ as a function of weathering. This study demonstrates that CuO NPs may undergo transformation processes in soil upon weathering that subsequently impact NPs availability in terrestrial food chains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alia D Servin
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry , Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station , New Haven , CT , USA
| | - Luca Pagano
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry , Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station , New Haven , CT , USA
- b Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts , Amherst , MA , USA
- c Department of Life Sciences , University of Parma , Parma , Italy
| | | | - Roberto De la Torre-Roche
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry , Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station , New Haven , CT , USA
| | - Joseph Hawthorne
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry , Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station , New Haven , CT , USA
| | | | - René Loredo-Portales
- f Universidad de Guanajuato Noria Alta s/n 36000 , Guanajuato , Mexico
- g Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste , Basovizza , Italy
| | - Sanghamitra Majumdar
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry , Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station , New Haven , CT , USA
| | - Jorge Gardea-Torresday
- e Chemistry Department , University of Texas at El Paso , El Paso , TX , USA
- h University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN) , El Paso , TX , USA
| | - Om Parkash Dhankher
- b Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts , Amherst , MA , USA
| | - Jason C White
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry , Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station , New Haven , CT , USA
| |
Collapse
|