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Rishan ST, Kline RJ, Rahman MS. Exploitation of environmental DNA (eDNA) for ecotoxicological research: A critical review on eDNA metabarcoding in assessing marine pollution. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 351:141238. [PMID: 38242519 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
The rise in worldwide population has led to a noticeable spike in the production, consumption, and transportation of energy and food, contributing to elevated environmental pollution. Marine pollution is a significant global environmental issue with ongoing challenges, including plastic waste, oil spills, chemical pollutants, and nutrient runoff, threatening marine ecosystems, biodiversity, and human health. Pollution detection and assessment are crucial to understanding the state of marine ecosystems. Conventional approaches to pollution evaluation usually represent laborious and prolonged physical and chemical assessments, constraining their efficacy and expansion. The latest advances in environmental DNA (eDNA) are valuable methods for the detection and surveillance of pollution in the environment, offering enhanced sensibility, efficacy, and involvement. Molecular approaches allow genetic information extraction from natural resources like water, soil, or air. The application of eDNA enables an expanded evaluation of the environmental condition by detecting both identified and unidentified organisms and contaminants. eDNA methods are valuable for assessing community compositions, providing indirect insights into the intensity and quality of marine pollution through their effects on ecological communities. While eDNA itself is not direct evidence of pollution, its analysis offers a sensitive tool for monitoring changes in biodiversity, serving as an indicator of environmental health and allowing for the indirect estimation of the impact and extent of marine pollution on ecosystems. This review explores the potential of eDNA metabarcoding techniques for detecting and identifying marine pollutants. This review also provides evidence for the efficacy of eDNA assessment in identifying a diverse array of marine pollution caused by oil spills, harmful algal blooms, heavy metals, ballast water, and microplastics. In this report, scientists can expand their knowledge and incorporate eDNA methodologies into ecotoxicological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakib Tahmid Rishan
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Program, School of Integrative Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas, USA
| | - Richard J Kline
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Program, School of Integrative Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas, USA; School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas, USA
| | - Md Saydur Rahman
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Program, School of Integrative Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas, USA; School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas, USA.
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2
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Maloney E, Villeneuve D, Jensen K, Blackwell B, Kahl M, Poole S, Vitense K, Feifarek D, Patlewicz G, Dean K, Tilton C, Randolph E, Cavallin J, LaLone C, Blatz D, Schaupp C, Ankley G. Evaluation of Complex Mixture Toxicity in the Milwaukee Estuary (WI, USA) Using Whole-Mixture and Component-Based Evaluation Methods. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2023; 42:1229-1256. [PMID: 36715369 PMCID: PMC10775314 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities introduce complex mixtures into aquatic environments, necessitating mixture toxicity evaluation during risk assessment. There are many alternative approaches that can be used to complement traditional techniques for mixture assessment. Our study aimed to demonstrate how these approaches could be employed for mixture evaluation in a target watershed. Evaluations were carried out over 2 years (2017-2018) across 8-11 study sites in the Milwaukee Estuary (WI, USA). Whole mixtures were evaluated on a site-specific basis by deploying caged fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) alongside composite samplers for 96 h and characterizing chemical composition, in vitro bioactivity of collected water samples, and in vivo effects in whole organisms. Chemicals were grouped based on structure/mode of action, bioactivity, and pharmacological activity. Priority chemicals and mixtures were identified based on their relative contributions to estimated mixture pressure (based on cumulative toxic units) and via predictive assessments (random forest regression). Whole mixture assessments identified target sites for further evaluation including two sites targeted for industrial/urban chemical mixture effects assessment; three target sites for pharmaceutical mixture effects assessment; three target sites for further mixture characterization; and three low-priority sites. Analyses identified 14 mixtures and 16 chemicals that significantly contributed to cumulative effects, representing high or medium priority targets for further ecotoxicological evaluation, monitoring, or regulatory assessment. Overall, our study represents an important complement to single-chemical prioritizations, providing a comprehensive evaluation of the cumulative effects of mixtures detected in a target watershed. Furthermore, it demonstrates how different tools and techniques can be used to identify diverse facets of mixture risk and highlights strategies that can be considered in future complex mixture assessments. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:1229-1256. © 2023 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - D.L. Villeneuve
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, US EPA,
Duluth, MN, USA
| | - K.M. Jensen
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, US EPA,
Duluth, MN, USA
| | - B.R. Blackwell
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, US EPA,
Duluth, MN, USA
| | - M.D. Kahl
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, US EPA,
Duluth, MN, USA
| | - S.T. Poole
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, US EPA,
Duluth, MN, USA
| | - K. Vitense
- Scientific Computing and Data Curation Division, US EPA,
Duluth, MN, USA
| | - D.J. Feifarek
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, US EPA,
Duluth, MN, USA
| | - G. Patlewicz
- Centre for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, US EPA,
Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - K. Dean
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, US EPA,
Duluth, MN, USA
| | - C. Tilton
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, US EPA,
Duluth, MN, USA
| | - E.C. Randolph
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, US EPA,
Duluth, MN, USA
| | - J.E. Cavallin
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, US EPA,
Duluth, MN, USA
| | - C.A. LaLone
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, US EPA,
Duluth, MN, USA
| | - D. Blatz
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, US EPA,
Duluth, MN, USA
| | - C. Schaupp
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, US EPA,
Duluth, MN, USA
| | - G.T. Ankley
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, US EPA,
Duluth, MN, USA
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3
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Bakker R, Ellers J, Roelofs D, Vooijs R, Dijkstra T, van Gestel CAM, Hoedjes KM. Combining time-resolved transcriptomics and proteomics data for Adverse Outcome Pathway refinement in ecotoxicology. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 869:161740. [PMID: 36708843 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Conventional Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) of pesticide pollution is based on soil concentrations and apical endpoints, such as the reproduction of test organisms, but has traditionally disregarded information along the organismal response cascade leading to an adverse outcome. The Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) framework includes response information at any level of biological organization, providing opportunities to use intermediate responses as a predictive read-out for adverse outcomes instead. Transcriptomic and proteomic data can provide thousands of data points on the response to toxic exposure. Combining multiple omics data types is necessary for a comprehensive overview of the response cascade and, therefore, AOP development. However, it is unclear if transcript and protein responses are synchronized in time or time lagged. To understand if analysis of multi-omics data obtained at the same timepoint reveal one synchronized response cascade, we studied time-resolved shifts in gene transcript and protein abundance in the springtail Folsomia candida, a soil ecotoxicological model, after exposure to the neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid. We analyzed transcriptome and proteome data every 12 h up to 72 h after onset of exposure. The most pronounced shift in both transcript and protein abundances was observed after 48 h exposure. Moreover, cross-correlation analyses indicate that most genes displayed the highest correlation between transcript and protein abundances without a time-lag. This demonstrates that a combined analysis of transcriptomic and proteomic data from the same time-point can be used for AOP improvement. This data will promote the development of biomarkers for the presence of neonicotinoid insecticides or chemicals with a similar mechanism of action in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Bakker
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jacintha Ellers
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dick Roelofs
- Keygene N.V., Agro Business Park 90, 6708 PW Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Riet Vooijs
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tjeerd Dijkstra
- Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Max-Planck-Ring 25, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cornelis A M van Gestel
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Katja M Hoedjes
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Faugere J, Brunet TA, Clément Y, Espeyte A, Geffard O, Lemoine J, Chaumot A, Degli-Esposti D, Ayciriex S, Salvador A. Development of a multi-omics extraction method for ecotoxicology: investigation of the reproductive cycle of Gammarus fossarum. Talanta 2023; 253:123806. [PMID: 36113334 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Omics study exemplified by proteomics, lipidomics or metabolomics, provides the opportunity to get insight of the molecular modifications occurring in living organisms in response to contaminants or in different physiological conditions. However, individual omics discloses only a single layer of information leading to a partial image of the biological complexity. Multiplication of samples preparation and processing can generate analytical variations resulting from several extractions and instrumental runs. To get all the -omics information at the proteins, metabolites and lipids level coming from a unique sample, a specific sample preparation must be optimized. In this study, we streamlined a biphasic extraction procedure based on a MTBE/Methanol mixture to provide the simultaneous extraction of polar (proteins, metabolites) and apolar compounds (lipids) for multi-omics analyses from a unique biological sample by a liquid chromatography (LC)/mass spectrometry (MS)/MS-based targeted approach. We applied the methodology for the study of female amphipod Gammarus fossarum during the reproductive cycle. Multivariate data analyses including Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis and multiple factor analysis were applied for the integration of the multi-omics data sets and highlighted molecular signatures, specific to the different stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Faugere
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, CNRS UMR 5280, 5 Rue de La Doua, F-69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Thomas Alexandre Brunet
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, CNRS UMR 5280, 5 Rue de La Doua, F-69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Yohann Clément
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, CNRS UMR 5280, 5 Rue de La Doua, F-69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anabelle Espeyte
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire D'écotoxicologie, F-69625, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Olivier Geffard
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire D'écotoxicologie, F-69625, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jérôme Lemoine
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, CNRS UMR 5280, 5 Rue de La Doua, F-69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Arnaud Chaumot
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Laboratoire D'écotoxicologie, F-69625, Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Sophie Ayciriex
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, CNRS UMR 5280, 5 Rue de La Doua, F-69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Arnaud Salvador
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, CNRS UMR 5280, 5 Rue de La Doua, F-69100, Villeurbanne, France.
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Reilly K, Ellis LJA, Davoudi HH, Supian S, Maia MT, Silva GH, Guo Z, Martinez DST, Lynch I. Daphnia as a model organism to probe biological responses to nanomaterials-from individual to population effects via adverse outcome pathways. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2023; 5:1178482. [PMID: 37124970 PMCID: PMC10140508 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.1178482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of the cladoceran Daphnia as a model organism for ecotoxicity testing has been well-established since the 1980s. Daphnia have been increasingly used in standardised testing of chemicals as they are well characterised and show sensitivity to pollutants, making them an essential indicator species for environmental stress. The mapping of the genomes of D. pulex in 2012 and D. magna in 2017 further consolidated their utility for ecotoxicity testing, including demonstrating the responsiveness of the Daphnia genome to environmental stressors. The short lifecycle and parthenogenetic reproduction make Daphnia useful for assessment of developmental toxicity and adaption to stress. The emergence of nanomaterials (NMs) and their safety assessment has introduced some challenges to the use of standard toxicity tests which were developed for soluble chemicals. NMs have enormous reactive surface areas resulting in dynamic interactions with dissolved organic carbon, proteins and other biomolecules in their surroundings leading to a myriad of physical, chemical, biological, and macromolecular transformations of the NMs and thus changes in their bioavailability to, and impacts on, daphnids. However, NM safety assessments are also driving innovations in our approaches to toxicity testing, for both chemicals and other emerging contaminants such as microplastics (MPs). These advances include establishing more realistic environmental exposures via medium composition tuning including pre-conditioning by the organisms to provide relevant biomolecules as background, development of microfluidics approaches to mimic environmental flow conditions typical in streams, utilisation of field daphnids cultured in the lab to assess adaption and impacts of pre-exposure to pollution gradients, and of course development of mechanistic insights to connect the first encounter with NMs or MPs to an adverse outcome, via the key events in an adverse outcome pathway. Insights into these developments are presented below to inspire further advances and utilisation of these important organisms as part of an overall environmental risk assessment of NMs and MPs impacts, including in mixture exposure scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Reilly
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Laura-Jayne A. Ellis
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Hossein Hayat Davoudi
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Suffeiya Supian
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Marcella T. Maia
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Gabriela H. Silva
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Zhiling Guo
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Zhiling Guo, ; Iseult Lynch,
| | - Diego Stéfani T. Martinez
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Iseult Lynch
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Zhiling Guo, ; Iseult Lynch,
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Nam SE, Bae DY, Ki JS, Ahn CY, Rhee JS. The importance of multi-omics approaches for the health assessment of freshwater ecosystems. Mol Cell Toxicol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-022-00286-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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7
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Rakib MRJ, Rahman MA, Onyena AP, Kumar R, Sarker A, Hossain MB, Islam ARMT, Islam MS, Rahman MM, Jolly YN, Idris AM, Ali MM, Bilal M, Sun X. A comprehensive review of heavy metal pollution in the coastal areas of Bangladesh: abundance, bioaccumulation, health implications, and challenges. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:67532-67558. [PMID: 35921010 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22122-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The coastal zone of Bangladesh, with a population density of 1278 people per square kilometer, is under serious threat due to heavy metal pollution. To date, many studies have been conducted on the heavy metal contamination in soils, water, aquatic animals, and plants in the coastal zone of Bangladesh; however, the available information is dispersed. In this study, previous findings on the contamination levels, distributions, risks, and sources of heavy metals in sediments and organisms were summarized for the first time to present the overall status of heavy metal pollution along coastal regions. Earlier research found that the concentrations of various heavy metals (HMs), particularly Co, Cd, Pb, Cu, Cr, Mn, Fe, and Ni in water, sediment, and fish in most coastal locations, were above their permissible limits. High concentrations of HMs were observed in sediments and water, like Cr of 55 mg/kg and 86.93 mg/l in the ship-breaking areas and Karnaphuli River, respectively, in coastal regions of Bangladesh. Heavy metals severely contaminated the Karnaphuli River estuary and ship-breaking area on the Sitakundu coast, where sediments were the ultimate sink of high concentrations of metals. Sedentary or bottom-dwelling organisms like gastropods and shrimp had higher levels of heavy metals than other organisms. As a result, the modified PRISMA review method was used to look at the critical research gap about heavy metal pollution in Bangladesh's coastal areas by analyzing the current research trends and bottlenecks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Refat Jahan Rakib
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Asrafur Rahman
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Amarachi Paschaline Onyena
- Department of Marine Environment and Pollution Control, Nigeria Maritime University Okerenkoko, Warri, Delta State, Nigeria
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- School of Ecology and Environment Studies, Nalanda University, Rajgir, 803116, Bihar, India
| | - Aniruddha Sarker
- School of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - M Belal Hossain
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Md Saiful Islam
- Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mostafizur Rahman
- Laboratory of Environmental Health and Ecotoxicology, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Yeasmin Nahar Jolly
- Atmospheric and Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Division Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mir Mohammad Ali
- Department of Aquaculture, Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, China
| | - Xian Sun
- Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
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Etterson MA, Ankley GT. Endogenous Lifecycle Models for Chemical Risk Assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:15596-15608. [PMID: 34748315 PMCID: PMC9195053 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c04791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Despite over 50 years of research on the use of population models in chemical risk assessment, their practical utility has remained elusive. A novel application and interpretation of ecotoxicological models, Endogenous Lifecycle Models (ELM), is proposed that offers some of the benefits sought from population models, at much lower cost of design, parametrization, and verification. ELMs capture the endogenous lifecycle processes of growth, development, survival, and reproduction and integrate these to estimate and predict expected fitness. Two measures of fitness are proposed as natural model predictions in the context of chemical risk assessment, lifetime reproductive success, and the expected annual propagation of genetic descendants, including self (intrinsic fitness). Six characteristics of the ELM approach are reviewed and illustrated with two ELM examples, the first for a general passerine lifecycle and the second for bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus). Throughout, the focus is on development of robust qualitative model predictions that depend as little as possible on specific parameter values. Thus, ELMs sacrifice precision to optimize generality in understanding the effects of chemicals across the diversity of avian lifecycles. Notably, the ELM approach integrates naturally with the adverse outcome pathway framework; this integration can be employed as a midtier risk assessment tool when lower tier analyses suggest potential risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Etterson
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, Minnesota 55804, United States
| | - Gerald T Ankley
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, Minnesota 55804, United States
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9
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Ankley GT, Berninger JP, Blackwell BR, Cavallin JE, Collette TW, Ekman DR, Fay KA, Feifarek DJ, Jensen KM, Kahl MD, Mosley JD, Poole ST, Randolph EC, Rearick D, Schroeder AL, Swintek J, Villeneuve DL. Pathway-Based Approaches for Assessing Biological Hazards of Complex Mixtures of Contaminants: A Case Study in the Maumee River. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2021; 40:1098-1122. [PMID: 33270248 PMCID: PMC9554926 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Assessment of ecological risks of chemicals in the field usually involves complex mixtures of known and unknown compounds. We describe the use of pathway-based chemical and biological approaches to assess the risk of chemical mixtures in the Maumee River (OH, USA), which receives a variety of agricultural and urban inputs. Fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were deployed in cages for 4 d at a gradient of sites along the river and adjoining tributaries in 2012 and during 2 periods (April and June) in 2016, in conjunction with an automated system to collect composite water samples. More than 100 industrial chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides were detected in water at some of the study sites, with the greatest number typically found near domestic wastewater treatment plants. In 2016, there was an increase in concentrations of several herbicides from April to June at upstream agricultural sites. A comparison of chemical concentrations in site water with single chemical data from vitro high-throughput screening (HTS) assays suggested the potential for perturbation of multiple biological pathways, including several associated with induction or inhibition of different cytochrome P450 (CYP) isozymes. This was consistent with direct effects of water extracts in an HTS assay and induction of hepatic CYPs in caged fish. Targeted in vitro assays and measurements in the caged fish suggested minimal effects on endocrine function (e.g., estrogenicity). A nontargeted mass spectroscopy-based analysis suggested that hepatic endogenous metabolite profiles in caged fish covaried strongly with the occurrence of pesticides and pesticide degradates. These studies demonstrate the application of an integrated suite of measurements to help understand the effects of complex chemical mixtures in the field. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:1098-1122. © 2020 SETAC. This article has been contributed to by US Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- GT Ankley
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
- Corresponding Author: Gerald Ankley;
| | - JP Berninger
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - BR Blackwell
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - JE Cavallin
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - TW Collette
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Ecosystem Processes Division, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - DR Ekman
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Ecosystem Processes Division, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - KA Fay
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - DJ Feifarek
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - KM Jensen
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - MD Kahl
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - JD Mosley
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Ecosystem Processes Division, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - ST Poole
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - EC Randolph
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - D Rearick
- General Dynamics Information Technology, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - AL Schroeder
- University of Minnesota – Crookston, Math, Science, and Technology Department, Crookston, Minnesota, USA
| | - J Swintek
- Badger Technical Services, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, Minnesota. USA
| | - DL Villeneuve
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
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Zhong M, Wu H, Li F, Shan X, Ji C. Proteomic analysis revealed gender-specific responses of mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) to trichloropropyl phosphate (TCPP) exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 267:115537. [PMID: 32892020 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Trichloropropyl phosphate (TCPP) is a halogenated organophosphate ester that is widely used as flame retardants and plasticizers. In this study, gender-specific accumulation and responses in mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis to TCPP exposure were focused and highlighted. After TCPP (100 nmol L-1) exposure for 42 days, male mussels showed similar average bioaccumulation (37.14 ± 6.09 nmol g-1 fat weight (fw)) of TCPP with that in female mussels (32.28 ± 4.49 nmol g-1 fw). Proteomic analysis identified 219 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between male and female mussels in control group. There were 52 and 54 DEPs induced by TCPP in male and female mussels, respectively. Interestingly, gender-specific DEPs included 37 and 41 DEPs induced by TCPP in male and female mussels, respectively. The proteomic differences between male and female mussels were related to protein synthesis and degradation, energy metabolism, and functions of cytoskeleton and motor proteins. TCPP influenced protein synthesis, energy metabolism, cytoskeleton functions, immunity, and reproduction in both male and female mussels. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks indicated that protein synthesis and energy metabolism were the main biological processes influenced by TCPP. However, DEPs involved in these processes and their interaction patterns were quite different between male and female mussels. Basically, twelve ribosome DEPs which directly or indirectly interacted were found in protein synthesis in TCPP-exposed male mussels, while only 3 ribosome DEPs (not interacted) in TCPP-exposed female mussels. In energy metabolism, only 4 DEPs (with the relatively simple interaction pattern) mainly resided in fatty acid metabolism, butanoate/propanoate metabolism and glucose metabolism were discovered in TCPP-exposed male mussels, and more DEPs (with multiple interactions) functioned in TCA cycle and pyruvate/glyoxylate/dicarboxylate metabolism were found in TCCP-exposed female mussels. Taken together, TCPP induced gender-specific toxicological effects in mussels, which may shed new lights on further understanding the toxicological mechanisms of TCPP in aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Huifeng Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, PR China.
| | - Fei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, PR China
| | - Xiujuan Shan
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Chenglong Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, PR China
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11
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Ewere EE, Powell D, Rudd D, Reichelt-Brushett A, Mouatt P, Voelcker NH, Benkendorff K. Uptake, depuration and sublethal effects of the neonicotinoid, imidacloprid, exposure in Sydney rock oysters. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 230:1-13. [PMID: 31100675 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The broad utilisation of imidacloprid (IMI) in agriculture poses an increasing risk to aquatic organisms. However, the potential impacts on commercially important shellfish and chemical residues after exposure, are yet to be assessed. We investigated the levels of IMI in Sydney rock oyster (SRO) tissue during a three-day uptake and four-day depuration cycle using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. IMI was absorbed from the water, with significantly higher concentrations in the adductor muscles than the gills and digestive glands. Depuration was also fast with a significant drop in tissue concentrations after one day in clean water and complete elimination from all tissues except the digestive gland after four days. The distribution of IMI in SRO after direct exposure using mass spectrometry imaging demonstrated uptake and spatially resolved metabolism to hydroxyl-IMI in the digestive gland and IMI-olefin in the gills. We assessed the effects of IMI on filtration rate (FR), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the gills, and gene expression profiles in the digestive gland using transcriptomics. Exposure to 2 mg/L IMI reduced the FR of oysters on the first day, while exposure to 0.5 and 1 mg/L reduced FR on day four. IMI reduced the gill AChE activity and altered the digestive gland gene expression profile. This study indicates that commercially farmed SRO can uptake IMI from the water, but negative impacts were only detected at concentrations higher than currently detected in estuarine environments and the chemical residues can be effectively eliminated using simple depuration in clean water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endurance E Ewere
- Marine Ecology Research Centre, Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia
| | - Daniel Powell
- Centre for Genetics, Ecology and Physiology, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD, 4558, Australia; Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 37, 223 62, Lund, Sweden
| | - David Rudd
- Drug Delivery Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia; Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Amanda Reichelt-Brushett
- Marine Ecology Research Centre, Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia
| | - Peter Mouatt
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW, 2480 Australia
| | - Nicolas H Voelcker
- Drug Delivery Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia; Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Kirsten Benkendorff
- Marine Ecology Research Centre, Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia.
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12
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Lacaze É, Gendron AD, Miller JL, Colson TLL, Sherry JP, Giraudo M, Marcogliese DJ, Houde M. Cumulative effects of municipal effluent and parasite infection in yellow perch: A field study using high-throughput RNA-sequencing. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 665:797-809. [PMID: 30790752 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Multiple metabolic, immune and reproductive effects have been reported in fish residing in effluent-impacted sites. Natural stressors such as parasites also have been shown to impact the responses of organisms to chronic exposure to municipal effluent in the St. Lawrence River (Quebec, Canada). In order to comprehensively evaluate the cumulative impacts of anthropogenic and natural stressors on the health of yellow perch, differential mRNA transcription profiles were examined in juvenile females collected from effluent-impacted and upstream sites with low or high infection levels of the larval trematode Apophallus brevis. Transcriptomics was used to identify biological pathways associated with environmental exposure. In total, 3463 isoforms were differentially transcribed between sites. Patterns reflecting the combined effects of stressors were numerically dominant, with a majority of downregulated transcripts (68%). The differentially expressed transcripts were associated with 27 molecular and cellular functions ranging from cellular development to xenobiotic metabolism and were involved in the development and function of 13 organ systems including hematological, hepatic, nervous, reproductive and endocrine systems. Based on RNA-seq results, sixteen genes were measured by qPCR. Significant differences were observed for six genes in fish exposed to both stressors combined, whereas parasites and effluent individually impacted the transcription of one gene. Lysozyme activity, lipid peroxidation, retinol-binding protein and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were selected as potential biomarkers of effects to study specific pathways of interest. Lipid peroxidation in perch liver was different between sites, parasite loads, and for combined stressors. Overall, results indicated that juvenile yellow perch responded strongly to combined parasite and effluent exposure, suggesting cumulative effects on immune responses, inflammation and lipid metabolism mediated by retinoid receptors. The present study highlight the importance of using a comprehensive approach combining transcriptomics and endpoints measured at higher levels of biological organization to better understand cumulative risks of contaminants and pathogens in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Émilie Lacaze
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Water Science and Technology Directorate, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 105 McGill St., Montreal, QC H2E 2E7, Canada.
| | - Andrée D Gendron
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Water Science and Technology Directorate, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 105 McGill St., Montreal, QC H2E 2E7, Canada
| | - Jason L Miller
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Water Science and Technology Directorate, Environment and Climate Change, 867 Lakeshore Rd, Burlington, ON L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - Tash-Lynn L Colson
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Water Science and Technology Directorate, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 105 McGill St., Montreal, QC H2E 2E7, Canada
| | - James P Sherry
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Water Science and Technology Directorate, Environment and Climate Change, 867 Lakeshore Rd, Burlington, ON L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - Maeva Giraudo
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Water Science and Technology Directorate, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 105 McGill St., Montreal, QC H2E 2E7, Canada
| | - David J Marcogliese
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Water Science and Technology Directorate, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 105 McGill St., Montreal, QC H2E 2E7, Canada
| | - Magali Houde
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Water Science and Technology Directorate, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 105 McGill St., Montreal, QC H2E 2E7, Canada
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13
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de Souza Machado AA, Wood CM, Kloas W. Novel Concepts for Novel Entities: Updating Ecotoxicology for a Sustainable Anthropocene. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:4680-4682. [PMID: 31002233 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b02031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chris M Wood
- Department of Zoology , University of British Columbia . Vancouver , Canada
| | - Werner Kloas
- Leibniz- Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries . Berlin , Germany
- Faculty of Life Sciences , Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin . Berlin , Germany
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14
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Lu Z, Wang S, Shan X, Ji C, Wu H. Differential biological effects in two pedigrees of clam Ruditapes philippinarum exposed to cadmium using iTRAQ-based proteomics. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 65:66-72. [PMID: 30562664 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Due to the industrial discharges, cadmium (Cd) has been one of typical heavy metal pollutants in the Bohai Sea. Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum is frequently used for pollution biomonitoring and consists of several pedigrees, of which White and Zebra clams are the dominant pedigrees along the Bohai Sea coast. However, limited attention has been paid on the differential biological effects in different pedigrees of clam to heavy metals. In this work, the proteome profiling analysis was performed to reveal the differential proteomic responses in White and Zebra clams to Cd exposure (200 μg/L) for 48 h, followed by bioinformatical analysis. The proteomic investigations showed that Cd treatment induced more differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in White clam samples than in Zebra clam samples. Based on the DEPs, we found that some key biological processes consisting of immune response and metabolism were commonly induced in both two pedigrees of clam. Uniquely, some processes related to cellular signaling, proteolysis and energy production were enhanced in Cd-treated White clam samples. Comparatively, the depletion in some unique processes on proteolysis and energy production was elicited in Cd-treated Zebra clam samples, as well as disorder in gene expression. Moreover, Cd exposure caused increases in CAT and POD activities in White clam samples and decreases in SOD and CAT activities in Zebra clams samples, which were consistent with the proteomic responses. Overall, these findings confirmed the differential biological effects of White and Zebra clams to Cd treatment, suggesting that the pedigree of animal should be taken into consideration in ecotoxicology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Lu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Xiujuan Shan
- Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, PR China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Resources and Ecological Environment, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, PR China
| | - Chenglong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, PR China.
| | - Huifeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
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15
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Russo C, Isidori M, Deaver JA, Poynton HC. Toxicogenomic responses of low level anticancer drug exposures in Daphnia magna. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 203:40-50. [PMID: 30075441 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The use of anticancer drugs in chemotherapy is increasing, leading to growing environmental concentrations of imatinib mesylate (IMA), cisplatinum (CDDP), and etoposide (ETP) in aquatic systems. Previous studies have shown that these anticancer drugs cause DNA damage in the crustacean Daphnia magna at low, environmentally relevant concentrations. To explore the mechanism of action of these compounds and the downstream effects of DNA damage on D. magna growth and development at a sensitive life stage, we exposed neonates to low level concentrations equivalent to those that elicit DNA damage (IMA: 2000 ng/L, ETP: 300 ng/L, CDDP: 10 ng/L) and performed transcriptomic analysis using an RNA-seq approach. RNA sequencing generated 14 million reads per sample, which were aligned to the D. magna genome and assembled, producing approximately 23,000 transcripts per sample. Over 90% of the transcripts showed homology to proteins in GenBank, revealing a high quality transcriptome assembly, although functional annotation was much lower. RT-qPCR was used to identify robust biomarkers and confirmed the downregulation of an angiotensin converting enzyme-like gene (ance) involved in neuropeptide regulation across all three anticancer drugs and the down-regulation of DNA topoisomerase II by ETP. RNA-seq analysis also allowed for an in depth exploration of the differential splicing of transcripts revealing that regulation of different gene isoforms predicts potential impacts on translation and protein expression, providing a more meaningful assessment of transcriptomic data. Enrichment analysis and investigation of affected biological processes suggested that the DNA damage caused by ETP and IMA influences cell cycle regulation and GPCR signaling. This dysregulation is likely responsible for effects to neurological system processes and development, and overall growth and development. Our transcriptomic approach provided insight into the mechanisms that respond to DNA damage caused by anticancer drug exposure and generated novel hypotheses on how these chemicals may impact the growth and survival of this ecologically important zooplankton species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Russo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università della Campania L. Vanvitelli, Via Vivaldi 43, I-81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Marina Isidori
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università della Campania L. Vanvitelli, Via Vivaldi 43, I-81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Jessica A Deaver
- School for the Environment, University of Massachusetts, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA, 02125-3393, United States
| | - Helen C Poynton
- School for the Environment, University of Massachusetts, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA, 02125-3393, United States.
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16
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Cuevas N, Martins M, Costa PM. Risk assessment of pesticides in estuaries: a review addressing the persistence of an old problem in complex environments. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2018; 27:1008-1018. [PMID: 29450674 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-018-1910-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Estuaries, coastal lagoons and other transition ecosystems tend to become the ultimate reservoirs of pollutants transported by continental runoff, among which pesticides constitute the class of most concern. High amounts of dissolved and particulated organic matter greatly contribute to the accumulation of pesticides that eventually become trapped in sediments or find their way along food chains. Perhaps not so surprisingly, it is common to find elevated levels of pesticides in estuarine sediments decades after their embargo. Still, it remains challenging to address ecotoxicity in circumstances that invariably imply mixtures of contaminants and multiple factors affecting bioavailability. Despite advances in methods for detecting pesticides in waters, sediments and organisms, chemical data alone are insufficient to predict risk. Many researchers have been opting for ex situ bioassays that mimic the concentrations of pesticides in estuarine waters and sediments using a range of ecologically relevant model organisms, with emphasis on fish, molluscs and crustaceans. These experimental procedures unravelled novel risk factors and important insights on toxicological mechanisms, albeit with some prejudice of ecological relevance. On the other hand, in situ bioassays, translocation experiments and passive biomonitoring strive to spot causality through an intricate mesh of confounding factors and cocktails of pollutants. Seemingly, the most informative works are integrative approaches that combine different assessment strategies, multiple endpoints and advanced computational and geographical models to determine risk. State-of-art System Biology approaches combining high-content screening approaches involving "omics" and bioinformatics, can assist discovering and predicting novel Adverse Outcome Pathways that better reflect the cumulative risk of persisting and emerging pesticides among the wide range of stressors that affect estuaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagore Cuevas
- UCIBIO - Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Marta Martins
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Pedro M Costa
- UCIBIO - Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal.
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17
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Smith LC, Lavelle CM, Silva-Sanchez C, Denslow ND, Sabo-Attwood T. Early phosphoproteomic changes for adverse outcome pathway development in the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) brain. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10212. [PMID: 29977039 PMCID: PMC6033950 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28395-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) are conceptual frameworks that organize and link contaminant-induced mechanistic molecular changes to adverse biological responses at the individual and population level. AOPs leverage molecular and high content mechanistic information for regulatory decision-making, but most current AOPs for hormonally active agents (HAAs) focus on nuclear receptor-mediated effects only despite the overwhelming evidence that HAAs also activate membrane receptors. Activation of membrane receptors triggers non-genomic signaling cascades often transduced by protein phosphorylation leading to phenotypic changes. We utilized label-free LC-MS/MS to identify proteins differentially phosphorylated in the brain of fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) aqueously exposed for 30 minutes to two HAAs, 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), a strong estrogenic substance, and levonorgestrel (LNG), a progestin, both components of the birth control pill. EE2 promoted differential phosphorylation of proteins involved in neuronal processes such as nervous system development, synaptic transmission, and neuroprotection, while LNG induced differential phosphorylation of proteins involved in axon cargo transport and calcium ion homeostasis. EE2 and LNG caused similar enrichment of synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis. This study is the first to identify molecular changes in vivo in fish after short-term exposure and highlights transduction of rapid signaling mechanisms as targets of HAAs, in addition to nuclear receptor-mediated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Smith
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, 1333 Center Dr., Gainesville, FL, 32603, USA.,Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, 2187 Mowry Rd, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - C M Lavelle
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, 1225 Center Dr., Rm 4160, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.,Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, 2187 Mowry Rd, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - C Silva-Sanchez
- Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, 2033 Mowry Rd, Gainesville, FL, 32601, USA
| | - N D Denslow
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, 1333 Center Dr., Gainesville, FL, 32603, USA. .,Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, 2187 Mowry Rd, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
| | - T Sabo-Attwood
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, 1225 Center Dr., Rm 4160, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA. .,Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, 2187 Mowry Rd, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
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18
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Lavelle C, Smith LC, Bisesi JH, Yu F, Silva-Sanchez C, Moraga-Amador D, Buerger AN, Garcia-Reyero N, Sabo-Attwood T, Denslow ND. Tissue-Based Mapping of the Fathead Minnow ( Pimephales promelas) Transcriptome and Proteome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:611. [PMID: 30459712 PMCID: PMC6232228 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Omics approaches are broadly used to explore endocrine and toxicity-related pathways and functions. Nevertheless, there is still a significant gap in knowledge in terms of understanding the endocrine system and its numerous connections and intricate feedback loops, especially in non-model organisms. The fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) is a widely used small fish model for aquatic toxicology and regulatory testing, particularly in North America. A draft genome has been published, but the amount of available genomic or transcriptomic information is still far behind that of other more broadly studied species, such as the zebrafish. Here, we used a proteogenomics approach to survey the tissue-specific proteome and transcriptome profiles in adult male fathead minnow. To do so, we generated a draft transcriptome using short and long sequencing reads from liver, testis, brain, heart, gill, head kidney, trunk kidney, and gastrointestinal tract. We identified 30,378 different putative transcripts overall, with the assembled contigs ranging in size from 264 to over 9,720 nts. Over 17,000 transcripts were >1,000 nts, suggesting a robust transcriptome that can be used to interpret RNA sequencing data in the future. We also performed RNA sequencing and proteomics analysis on four tissues, including the telencephalon, hypothalamus, liver, and gastrointestinal tract of male fish. Transcripts ranged from 0 to 600,000 copies per gene and a large portion were expressed in a tissue-specific manner. Specifically, the telencephalon and hypothalamus shared the most expressed genes, while the gastrointestinal tract and the liver were quite distinct. Using protein profiling techniques, we identified a total of 4,045 proteins in the four tissues investigated, and their tissue-specific expression pattern correlated with the transcripts at the pathway level. Similarly to the findings with the transcriptomic data, the hypothalamus and telencephalon had the highest degree of similarity in the proteins detected. The main purpose of this analysis was to generate tissue-specific omics data in order to support future aquatic ecotoxicogenomic and endocrine-related studies as well as to improve our understanding of the fathead minnow as an ecological model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candice Lavelle
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Ley Cody Smith
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Joseph H. Bisesi
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Fahong Yu
- Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Cecilia Silva-Sanchez
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - David Moraga-Amador
- Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Amanda N. Buerger
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Natàlia Garcia-Reyero
- Environmental Laboratory, US Army Engineer Research & Development Center, Vicksburg, MS, United States
| | - Tara Sabo-Attwood
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Nancy D. Denslow
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- *Correspondence: Nancy D. Denslow
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19
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Feswick A, Munkittrick KR, Martyniuk CJ. Estrogen-responsive gene networks in the teleost liver: What are the key molecular indicators? ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 56:366-374. [PMID: 29126055 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
An overarching goal of environmental genomics is to leverage sensitive suites of markers that are robust and reliable to assess biological responses in a range of species inhabiting variable environments. The objective of this study was to identify core groups of transcripts and molecular signaling pathways that respond to 17alpha-ethylinestadiol (EE2), a ubiquitous estrogenic contaminant, using transcriptome datasets generated from six independent laboratories. We sought to determine which biomarkers and gene networks were those most robust and reliably detected in multiple laboratories. Six laboratories conducted microarray analysis in pieces of the same liver from male fathead minnows exposed to ∼15ng/L EE2 for 96h. There were common transcriptional networks identified in every dataset. These included down-regulation of gene networks associated with blood clotting, complement activation, triglyceride storage, and xenobiotic metabolism. Noteworthy was that more than ∼85% of the gene networks were suppressed by EE2. Leveraging both these data and those mined from the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD), we narrowed in on an EE2-responsive transcriptional network. All transcripts in this network responded ∼±5-fold or more to EE2, increasing reliability of detection. This network included estrogen receptor alpha, transferrin, myeloid cell leukemia 1, insulin like growth factor 1, insulin like growth factor binding protein 2, and methionine adenosyltransferase 2A. This estrogen-responsive interactome has the advantage over single markers (e.g. vitellogenin) in that these entities are directly connected to each other based upon evidence of expression regulation and protein binding. Thus, it represents an interacting functional suite of estrogenic markers. Vitellogenin, the gold standard for estrogenic exposures, can show high individual variability in its response to estrogens, and the use of a multi-gene approach for estrogenic chemicals is expected to improve sensitivity. In our case, the coefficient of variation was significantly lowered by the gene network (∼67%) compared to Vtg alone, supporting the use of this transcriptional network as a sensitive alternative for detecting estrogenic effluents and chemicals. We propose that screening chemicals for estrogenicity using interacting genes within a defined expression network will improve sensitivity, accuracy, and reduce the number of animals required for endocrine disruption assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- April Feswick
- Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick E2L 4L5, Canada
| | - Kelly R Munkittrick
- Executive Director of Cold Regions and Water Initiatives, Wilfred Laurier University
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, UF Genetics Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA; Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick E2L 4L5, Canada.
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20
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Brockmeier EK, Hodges G, Hutchinson TH, Butler E, Hecker M, Tollefsen KE, Garcia-Reyero N, Kille P, Becker D, Chipman K, Colbourne J, Collette TW, Cossins A, Cronin M, Graystock P, Gutsell S, Knapen D, Katsiadaki I, Lange A, Marshall S, Owen SF, Perkins EJ, Plaistow S, Schroeder A, Taylor D, Viant M, Ankley G, Falciani F. The Role of Omics in the Application of Adverse Outcome Pathways for Chemical Risk Assessment. Toxicol Sci 2017; 158:252-262. [PMID: 28525648 PMCID: PMC5837273 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfx097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In conjunction with the second International Environmental Omics Symposium (iEOS) conference, held at the University of Liverpool (United Kingdom) in September 2014, a workshop was held to bring together experts in toxicology and regulatory science from academia, government and industry. The purpose of the workshop was to review the specific roles that high-content omics datasets (eg, transcriptomics, metabolomics, lipidomics, and proteomics) can hold within the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework for supporting ecological and human health risk assessments. In light of the growing number of examples of the application of omics data in the context of ecological risk assessment, we considered how omics datasets might continue to support the AOP framework. In particular, the role of omics in identifying potential AOP molecular initiating events and providing supportive evidence of key events at different levels of biological organization and across taxonomic groups was discussed. Areas with potential for short and medium-term breakthroughs were also discussed, such as providing mechanistic evidence to support chemical read-across, providing weight of evidence information for mode of action assignment, understanding biological networks, and developing robust extrapolations of species-sensitivity. Key challenges that need to be addressed were considered, including the need for a cohesive approach towards experimental design, the lack of a mutually agreed framework to quantitatively link genes and pathways to key events, and the need for better interpretation of chemically induced changes at the molecular level. This article was developed to provide an overview of ecological risk assessment process and a perspective on how high content molecular-level datasets can support the future of assessment procedures through the AOP framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica K. Brockmeier
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Geoff Hodges
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Thomas H. Hutchinson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, Devon PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Emma Butler
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Markus Hecker
- Toxicology Centre and School of the Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada
| | | | - Natalia Garcia-Reyero
- US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi
- Mississippi State University, Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing and Biotechnology, Starkville, Mississippi
| | - Peter Kille
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, University of Cardiff, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Dörthe Becker
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Kevin Chipman
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - John Colbourne
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Timothy W. Collette
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Georgia 30605-2700
| | - Andrew Cossins
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Mark Cronin
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
| | - Peter Graystock
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Steve Gutsell
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Belgium
| | - Ioanna Katsiadaki
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (CEFAS), The Nothe, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, UK
| | - Anke Lange
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Stuart Marshall
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Stewart F. Owen
- AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TF, UK
| | - Edward J. Perkins
- US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi
| | - Stewart Plaistow
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Anthony Schroeder
- Water Resources Center (Office: Mid-Continent Ecology Division), University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55108
| | - Daisy Taylor
- School of Biological Sciences, Life Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Mark Viant
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Gerald Ankley
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota 55804
| | - Francesco Falciani
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
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21
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Wittwehr C, Aladjov H, Ankley G, Byrne HJ, de Knecht J, Heinzle E, Klambauer G, Landesmann B, Luijten M, MacKay C, Maxwell G, Meek MEB, Paini A, Perkins E, Sobanski T, Villeneuve D, Waters KM, Whelan M. How Adverse Outcome Pathways Can Aid the Development and Use of Computational Prediction Models for Regulatory Toxicology. Toxicol Sci 2017; 155:326-336. [PMID: 27994170 PMCID: PMC5340205 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfw207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Efforts are underway to transform regulatory toxicology and chemical safety assessment from a largely empirical science based on direct observation of apical toxicity outcomes in whole organism toxicity tests to a predictive one in which outcomes and risk are inferred from accumulated mechanistic understanding. The adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework provides a systematic approach for organizing knowledge that may support such inference. Likewise, computational models of biological systems at various scales provide another means and platform to integrate current biological understanding to facilitate inference and extrapolation. We argue that the systematic organization of knowledge into AOP frameworks can inform and help direct the design and development of computational prediction models that can further enhance the utility of mechanistic and in silico data for chemical safety assessment. This concept was explored as part of a workshop on AOP-Informed Predictive Modeling Approaches for Regulatory Toxicology held September 24-25, 2015. Examples of AOP-informed model development and its application to the assessment of chemicals for skin sensitization and multiple modes of endocrine disruption are provided. The role of problem formulation, not only as a critical phase of risk assessment, but also as guide for both AOP and complementary model development is described. Finally, a proposal for actively engaging the modeling community in AOP-informed computational model development is made. The contents serve as a vision for how AOPs can be leveraged to facilitate development of computational prediction models needed to support the next generation of chemical safety assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gerald Ankley
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota 55804
| | | | - Joop de Knecht
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, MA 3721, The Netherlands
| | - Elmar Heinzle
- Universität des Saarlandes, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | | | - Mirjam Luijten
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, MA 3721, The Netherlands
| | - Cameron MacKay
- Unilever Safety and Environmenta Assurance Centre, Sharnbrook, MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Gavin Maxwell
- Unilever Safety and Environmenta Assurance Centre, Sharnbrook, MK44 1LQ, UK
| | | | - Alicia Paini
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra 21027, Italy
| | - Edward Perkins
- US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi 39180
| | | | - Dan Villeneuve
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota 55804
| | - Katrina M Waters
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352
| | - Maurice Whelan
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra 21027, Italy
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22
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Escher BI, Hackermüller J, Polte T, Scholz S, Aigner A, Altenburger R, Böhme A, Bopp SK, Brack W, Busch W, Chadeau-Hyam M, Covaci A, Eisenträger A, Galligan JJ, Garcia-Reyero N, Hartung T, Hein M, Herberth G, Jahnke A, Kleinjans J, Klüver N, Krauss M, Lamoree M, Lehmann I, Luckenbach T, Miller GW, Müller A, Phillips DH, Reemtsma T, Rolle-Kampczyk U, Schüürmann G, Schwikowski B, Tan YM, Trump S, Walter-Rohde S, Wambaugh JF. From the exposome to mechanistic understanding of chemical-induced adverse effects. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2017; 99:97-106. [PMID: 27939949 PMCID: PMC6116522 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The exposome encompasses an individual's exposure to exogenous chemicals, as well as endogenous chemicals that are produced or altered in response to external stressors. While the exposome concept has been established for human health, its principles can be extended to include broader ecological issues. The assessment of exposure is tightly interlinked with hazard assessment. Here, we explore if mechanistic understanding of the causal links between exposure and adverse effects on human health and the environment can be improved by integrating the exposome approach with the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) concept that structures and organizes the sequence of biological events from an initial molecular interaction of a chemical with a biological target to an adverse outcome. Complementing exposome research with the AOP concept may facilitate a mechanistic understanding of stress-induced adverse effects, examine the relative contributions from various components of the exposome, determine the primary risk drivers in complex mixtures, and promote an integrative assessment of chemical risks for both human and environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate I Escher
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Jörg Hackermüller
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tobias Polte
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefan Scholz
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Achim Aigner
- Leipzig University, Rudolf Boehm Institute for Pharmacology & Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Haertelstr. 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rolf Altenburger
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexander Böhme
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stephanie K Bopp
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Directorate F - Health, Consumers and Reference Materials, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Werner Brack
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wibke Busch
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marc Chadeau-Hyam
- University London, Imperial College, Department Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, St Marys Campus, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, England, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk-Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - James J Galligan
- Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, A.B. Hancock Jr. Memorial Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department Biochemistry, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Natalia Garcia-Reyero
- US Army Engineer Research & Development Center, Vicksburg, MS, USA; Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, USA
| | - Thomas Hartung
- Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; University of Konstanz, Germany
| | - Michaela Hein
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gunda Herberth
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Annika Jahnke
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jos Kleinjans
- Maastricht University, Department Toxicogenomics, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nils Klüver
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Krauss
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marja Lamoree
- Vrije Universiteit, Faculty of Earth & Life Sciences, Institute for Environmental Studies, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Irina Lehmann
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Till Luckenbach
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gary W Miller
- Dept of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Andrea Müller
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - David H Phillips
- King's College London, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment & Health, Analytical & Environmental Sciences Division, London SE1 9NH, England, United Kingdom
| | - Thorsten Reemtsma
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrike Rolle-Kampczyk
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gerrit Schüürmann
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; Technical University Bergakademie Freiberg, Institute for Organic Chemistry, 09596 Freiberg, Germany
| | | | - Yu-Mei Tan
- US EPA, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA
| | - Saskia Trump
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - John F Wambaugh
- US EPA, National Center for Computational Toxicology, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA
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23
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Environmental Reviews and Case Studies: Biological Effects–Based Tools for Monitoring Impacted Surface Waters in the Great Lakes: A Multiagency Program in Support of the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1017/s1466046613000458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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24
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Toxicogenomic applications of Chinese rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) in aquatic toxicology. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2016; 19:174-180. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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25
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Gust KA, Collier ZA, Mayo ML, Stanley JK, Gong P, Chappell MA. Limitations of toxicity characterization in life cycle assessment: Can adverse outcome pathways provide a new foundation? INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2016; 12:580-590. [PMID: 26331849 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.1708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Life cycle assessment (LCA) has considerable merit for holistic evaluation of product planning, development, production, and disposal, with the inherent benefit of providing a forecast of potential health and environmental impacts. However, a technical review of current life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) methods revealed limitations within the biological effects assessment protocols, including: simplistic assessment approaches and models; an inability to integrate emerging types of toxicity data; a reliance on linear impact assessment models; a lack of methods to mitigate uncertainty; and no explicit consideration of effects in species of concern. The purpose of the current study is to demonstrate that a new concept in toxicological and regulatory assessment, the adverse outcome pathway (AOP), has many useful attributes of potential use to ameliorate many of these problems, to expand data utility and model robustness, and to enable more accurate and defensible biological effects assessments within LCIA. Background, context, and examples have been provided to demonstrate these potential benefits. We additionally propose that these benefits can be most effectively realized through development of quantitative AOPs (qAOPs) crafted to meet the needs of the LCIA framework. As a means to stimulate qAOP research and development in support of LCIA, we propose 3 conceptual classes of qAOP, each with unique inherent attributes for supporting LCIA: 1) mechanistic, including computational toxicology models; 2) probabilistic, including Bayesian networks and supervised machine learning models; and 3) weight of evidence, including models built using decision-analytic methods. Overall, we have highlighted a number of potential applications of qAOPs that can refine and add value to LCIA. As the AOP concept and support framework matures, we see the potential for qAOPs to serve a foundational role for next-generation effects characterization within LCIA. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2016;12:580-590. Published 2015. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt A Gust
- US Army Engineer Research & Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi
| | - Zachary A Collier
- US Army Engineer Research & Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi
| | - Michael L Mayo
- US Army Engineer Research & Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi
| | - Jacob K Stanley
- US Army Engineer Research & Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi
| | - Ping Gong
- US Army Engineer Research & Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi
| | - Mark A Chappell
- US Army Engineer Research & Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi
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26
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Forbes VE, Galic N. Next-generation ecological risk assessment: Predicting risk from molecular initiation to ecosystem service delivery. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 91:215-219. [PMID: 26985654 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Ecological risk assessment is the process of evaluating how likely it is that the environment may be impacted as the result of exposure to one or more chemicals and/or other stressors. It is not playing as large a role in environmental management decisions as it should be. A core challenge is that risk assessments often do not relate directly or transparently to protection goals. There have been exciting developments in in vitro testing and high-throughput systems that measure responses to chemicals at molecular and biochemical levels of organization, but the linkage between such responses and impacts of regulatory significance - whole organisms, populations, communities, and ecosystems - are not easily predictable. This article describes some recent developments that are directed at bridging this gap and providing more predictive models that can make robust links between what we typically measure in risk assessments and what we aim to protect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery E Forbes
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, College of Biological Sciences, 123 Snyder Hall, 1475 Gortner Ave, St. Paul, MN 55018, USA.
| | - Nika Galic
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, College of Biological Sciences, 123 Snyder Hall, 1475 Gortner Ave, St. Paul, MN 55018, USA.
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27
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Taylor NS, Kirwan JA, Yan ND, Viant MR, Gunn JM, McGeer JC. Metabolomics confirms that dissolved organic carbon mitigates copper toxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2016; 35:635-644. [PMID: 26274843 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Reductions in atmospheric emissions from the metal smelters in Sudbury, Canada, produced major improvements in acid and metal contamination of local lakes and indirectly increased dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations. Metal toxicity, however, has remained a persistent problem for aquatic biota. Integrating high-throughput, nontargeted mass spectrometry metabolomics with conventional toxicological measures elucidated the mediating effects of dissolved organic matter (DOM) on the toxicity of Cu to Daphnia pulex-pulicaria, a hybrid isolated from these soft water lakes. Two generations of daphniids were exposed to Cu (0-20 μg/L) at increasing levels of natural DOM (0-4 mg DOC/L). Added DOM reduced Cu toxicity monotonically with median lethal concentration values increasing from 2.3 μg/L Cu without DOM to 22.7 μg/L Cu at 4 mg DOC/L. Reproductive output similarly benefited, increasing with DOM, yet falling with increases in Cu. Second generation reproduction was more impaired than the first generation. Dissolved organic matter had a greater influence than Cu on the metabolic status of the daphniids. Putative identification of metabolite peaks indicated that DOM elevation increased the metabolic energy status of the first generation animals, but this benefit was reduced in the second generation, although evidence of increased oxidative stress was detected. These results indicate that Sudbury's terrestrial ecosystems should be managed to increase aquatic DOM supply to enable daphniid colonists to both survive and foster stable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine S Taylor
- Department of Biology and Institute for Water Science, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
- Living with Lakes Centre, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer A Kirwan
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Norman D Yan
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark R Viant
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - John M Gunn
- Living with Lakes Centre, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
| | - James C McGeer
- Department of Biology and Institute for Water Science, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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28
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Ji C, Li F, Wang Q, Zhao J, Sun Z, Wu H. An integrated proteomic and metabolomic study on the gender-specific responses of mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis to tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA). CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 144:527-539. [PMID: 26397470 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), accounting for the largest production of brominated flame-retardants (BFRs) along the Laizhou Bay in China, is of great concern due to its diverse toxicities. In this study, we focused on the gender-specific responses of TBBPA in mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis using an integrated proteomic and metabolomic approach. After exposure of TBBPA (10 µg L(-1)) for one month, a total of 9 metabolites and 67 proteins were altered in mussel gills from exposed group. The significant changes of metabolites in female mussel gills from exposed group exhibited the disturbances in energy metabolism and osmotic regulation, while in male samples only be found the variation of metabolites related to osmotic regulation. iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis showed biological differences between male and female mussel gills from solvent control group. The higher levels of proteins related to primary and energy metabolism and defense mechanisms in male mussel gills meant a greater anti-stress capability of male mussels. Further analysis revealed that TBBPA exposure affected multiple biological processes consisting of production and development, material and energy metabolism, signal transduction, gene expression, defense mechanisms and apoptosis in both male and female mussels with different mechanisms. Specially, the responsive proteins of TBBPA in male mussels signified higher tolerance limits than those in female individuals, which was consistent with the biological differences between male and female mussel gills from solvent control group. This work suggested that the gender differences should be considered in ecotoxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Fei Li
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Jianmin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Zuodeng Sun
- Shandong Hydrobios Resources Conservation and Management Center, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Huifeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China.
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Brinkmann M, Koglin S, Eisner B, Wiseman S, Hecker M, Eichbaum K, Thalmann B, Buchinger S, Reifferscheid G, Hollert H. Characterisation of transcriptional responses to dioxins and dioxin-like contaminants in roach (Rutilus rutilus) using whole transcriptome analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 541:412-423. [PMID: 26410716 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.09.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
There is significant concern regarding the contamination of riverine sediments with dioxins and dioxin-like compounds (DLCs), including polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The majority of studies investigating the ecotoxicology of DLCs in fish have focused on a few standard model species. However, there is significant uncertainty as to whether these model species are representative of native river fish, particularly in Europe. In this study, the transcriptional responses following exposure to equipotent concentrations of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), PCB 156 or the dioxin-like PAH, benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkF), were investigated in juvenile roach (Rutilus rutilus), a fish species that constitutes a large proportion of the fish biomass in freshwater bodies throughout Europe. To this end, RNA sequencing analysis was used to comprehensively characterise the molecular mechanisms and pathways of toxicity of these DLCs. Whole transcriptome analyses using ClueGO software revealed that DLCs have the potential to disrupt a number of important processes, including energy metabolism, oogenesis, the immune system, apoptosis and the response to oxidative stress. However, despite using equipotent concentrations, there was very little conservation of the transcriptional responses observed in fish exposed to different DLCs. TCDD provoked significant specific changes in the levels of transcripts related to immunotoxicity and carbohydrate metabolism, while PCB 156 caused virtually no specific effects. Exposure to BkF affected the most diverse suite of molecular functions and biological processes, including blood coagulation, oxidative stress responses, unspecific responses to organic or inorganic substances/stimuli, cellular redox homeostasis and specific receptor pathways. To our knowledge, this is the first study of the transcriptome-wide effects of different classes of DLCs in fish. These findings represent an important step towards describing complete toxicity pathways of DLCs, which will be important in the context of informing risk assessments of DLC toxicity in native fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Brinkmann
- Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, ABBt - Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Sven Koglin
- Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, ABBt - Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Bryanna Eisner
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Steve Wiseman
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Markus Hecker
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada; School of the Environment & Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Kathrin Eichbaum
- Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, ABBt - Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Beat Thalmann
- Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, ABBt - Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Buchinger
- Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG), Department G3: Biochemistry, Ecotoxicology, Am Mainzer Tor 1, 56068 Koblenz, Germany
| | - Georg Reifferscheid
- Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG), Department G3: Biochemistry, Ecotoxicology, Am Mainzer Tor 1, 56068 Koblenz, Germany
| | - Henner Hollert
- Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, ABBt - Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany; College of Resources and Environmental Science, Chongqing University, 1 Tiansheng Road Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, China.
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Chen L, Chen J, Zhang X, Xie P. A review of reproductive toxicity of microcystins. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 301:381-99. [PMID: 26521084 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Animal studies provide strong evidence of positive associations between microcystins (MCs) exposure and reproductive toxicity, representing a threat to human reproductive health and the biodiversity of wild life. This paper reviews current knowledge of the reproductive toxicity of MCs, with regard to mammals, fishes, amphibians, and birds, mostly in males. Toxicity of MCs is primarily governed by the inhibition of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A (PP1 and PP2A) and disturbance of cellular phosphorylation balance. MCs exposure is related to excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress, leading to cytoskeleton disruption, mitochondria dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and DNA damage. MCs induce cell apoptosis mediated by the mitochondrial and ROS and ER pathways. Through PP1/2A inhibition and oxidative stress, MCs lead to differential expression/activity of transcriptional factors and proteins involved in the pathways of cellular differentiation, proliferation, and tumor promotion. MC-induced DNA damage is also involved in carcinogenicity. Apart from a direct effect on testes and ovaries, MCs indirectly affect sex hormones by damaging the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad (HPG) axis and liver. Parental exposure to MCs may result in hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity of offspring. We also summarize the current research gaps which should be addressed by further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Jun Chen
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Xuezhen Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Ping Xie
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
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Jager T. Predicting environmental risk: A road map for the future. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2016; 79:572-584. [PMID: 27484139 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2016.1171986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Frameworks for environmental risk assessment (ERA) focus on comparing results from separate exposure and effect assessments. Exposure assessment generally relies on mechanistic fate models, whereas the effects assessment is anchored in standard test protocols and descriptive statistics. This discrepancy prevents a useful link between these two pillars of ERA, and jeopardizes the realism and efficacy of the entire process. Similar to exposure assessment, effects assessment requires a mechanistic approach to translate the output of fate models into predictions for impacts on populations and food webs. The aim of this study was to discuss (1) the central importance of the individual level, (2) different strategies of dealing with biological complexity, and (3) the role that toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic (TKTD) models, energy budgets, and molecular biology play in a mechanistic revision of the ERA framework. Consequently, an outline for a risk assessment paradigm was developed that incorporates a mechanistic effects assessment in a consistent manner, and a "roadmap for the future." Such a roadmap may play a critical role to eventually arrive at a more scientific and efficient ERA process, and needs to be used to shape our long-term research agendas.
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Bahamonde PA, Feswick A, Isaacs MA, Munkittrick KR, Martyniuk CJ. Defining the role of omics in assessing ecosystem health: Perspectives from the Canadian environmental monitoring program. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2016; 35:20-35. [PMID: 26771350 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Scientific reviews and studies continue to describe omics technologies as the next generation of tools for environmental monitoring, while cautioning that there are limitations and obstacles to overcome. However, omics has not yet transitioned into national environmental monitoring programs designed to assess ecosystem health. Using the example of the Canadian Environmental Effects Monitoring (EEM) program, the authors describe the steps that would be required for omics technologies to be included in such an established program. These steps include baseline collection of omics endpoints across different species and sites to generate a range of what is biologically normal within a particular ecosystem. Natural individual variability in the omes is not adequately characterized and is often not measured in the field, but is a key component to an environmental monitoring program, to determine the critical effect size or action threshold for management. Omics endpoints must develop a level of standardization, consistency, and rigor that will allow interpretation of the relevance of changes across broader scales. To date, population-level consequences of routinely measured endpoints such as reduced gonad size or intersex in fish is not entirely clear, and the significance of genome-wide molecular, proteome, or metabolic changes on organism or population health is further removed from the levels of ecological change traditionally managed. The present review is not intended to dismiss the idea that omics will play a future role in large-scale environmental monitoring studies, but rather outlines the necessary actions for its inclusion in regulatory monitoring programs focused on assessing ecosystem health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina A Bahamonde
- Canadian Rivers Institute and Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - April Feswick
- Canadian Rivers Institute and Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Meghan A Isaacs
- Canadian Rivers Institute and Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Kelly R Munkittrick
- Canadian Rivers Institute and Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Canadian Rivers Institute and Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
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33
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Brandt KK, Amézquita A, Backhaus T, Boxall A, Coors A, Heberer T, Lawrence JR, Lazorchak J, Schönfeld J, Snape JR, Zhu YG, Topp E. Ecotoxicological assessment of antibiotics: A call for improved consideration of microorganisms. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2015; 85:189-205. [PMID: 26411644 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2015.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics play a pivotal role in the management of infectious disease in humans, companion animals, livestock, and aquaculture operations at a global scale. Antibiotics are produced, consumed, and released into the environment at an unprecedented scale causing concern that the presence of antibiotic residues may adversely impact aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Here we critically review the ecotoxicological assessment of antibiotics as related to environmental risk assessment (ERA). We initially discuss the need for more specific protection goals based on the ecosystem service concept, and suggest that the ERA of antibiotics, through the application of a mode of toxic action approach, should make more use of ecotoxicological endpoints targeting microorganisms (especially bacteria) and microbial communities. Key ecosystem services provided by microorganisms and associated ecosystem service-providing units (e.g. taxa or functional groups) are identified. Approaches currently available for elucidating ecotoxicological effects on microorganisms are reviewed in detail and we conclude that microbial community-based tests should be used to complement single-species tests to offer more targeted protection of key ecosystem services. Specifically, we propose that ecotoxicological tests should not only assess microbial community function, but also microbial diversity (‘species’ richness) and antibiotic susceptibility. Promising areas for future basic and applied research of relevance to ERA are highlighted throughout the text. In this regard, the most fundamental knowledge gaps probably relate to our rudimentary understanding of the ecological roles of antibiotics in nature and possible adverse effects of environmental pollution with subinhibitory levels of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian K Brandt
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark; Sino Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing, China.
| | - Alejandro Amézquita
- Unilever-Safety & Environmental Assurance Centre, Sharnbrook, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Backhaus
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Anja Coors
- ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH, Flörsheim/Main, Germany
| | - Thomas Heberer
- Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety, Department 3: Veterinary Drugs, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - James Lazorchak
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jens Schönfeld
- Umweltbundesamt, Federal Environment Agency, Dessau, Germany
| | - Jason R Snape
- AstraZeneca Global Environment, Alderley Park, United Kingdom
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China
| | - Edward Topp
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, Ontario, Canada.
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Simmons DBD, Benskin JP, Cosgrove JR, Duncker BP, Ekman DR, Martyniuk CJ, Sherry JP. Omics for aquatic ecotoxicology: control of extraneous variability to enhance the analysis of environmental effects. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2015; 34:1693-1704. [PMID: 25827364 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
There are multiple sources of biological and technical variation in a typical ecotoxicology study that may not be revealed by traditional endpoints but that become apparent in an omics dataset. As researchers increasingly apply omics technologies to environmental studies, it will be necessary to understand and control the main source(s) of variability to facilitate meaningful interpretation of such data. For instance, can variability in omics studies be addressed by changing the approach to study design and data analysis? Are there statistical methods that can be employed to correctly interpret omics data and make use of unattributed, inherent variability? The present study presents a review of experimental design and statistical considerations applicable to the use of omics methods in systems toxicology studies. In addition to highlighting potential sources that contribute to experimental variability, this review suggests strategies with which to reduce and/or control such variability so as to improve reliability, reproducibility, and ultimately the application of omics data for systems toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denina B D Simmons
- Emerging Methods Section, Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Water Science & Technology Directorate, Environment Canada, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Drew R Ekman
- Ecosystems Research Division, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology & Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - James P Sherry
- Emerging Methods Section, Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Water Science & Technology Directorate, Environment Canada, Ontario, Canada
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35
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Long SM, Tull DL, Jeppe KJ, De Souza DP, Dayalan S, Pettigrove VJ, McConville MJ, Hoffmann AA. A multi-platform metabolomics approach demonstrates changes in energy metabolism and the transsulfuration pathway in Chironomus tepperi following exposure to zinc. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 162:54-65. [PMID: 25781392 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Measuring biological responses in resident biota is a commonly used approach to monitoring polluted habitats. The challenge is to choose sensitive and, ideally, stressor-specific endpoints that reflect the responses of the ecosystem. Metabolomics is a potentially useful approach for identifying sensitive and consistent responses since it provides a holistic view to understanding the effects of exposure to chemicals upon the physiological functioning of organisms. In this study, we exposed the aquatic non-biting midge, Chironomus tepperi, to two concentrations of zinc chloride and measured global changes in polar metabolite levels using an untargeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis and a targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis of amine-containing metabolites. These data were correlated with changes in the expression of a number of target genes. Zinc exposure resulted in a reduction in levels of intermediates in carbohydrate metabolism (i.e., glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate and disaccharides) and an increase in a number of TCA cycle intermediates. Zinc exposure also resulted in decreases in concentrations of the amine containing metabolites, lanthionine, methionine and cystathionine, and an increase in metallothionein gene expression. Methionine and cystathionine are intermediates in the transsulfuration pathway which is involved in the conversion of methionine to cysteine. These responses provide an understanding of the pathways affected by zinc toxicity, and how these effects are different to other heavy metals such as cadmium and copper. The use of complementary metabolomics analytical approaches was particularly useful for understanding the effects of zinc exposure and importantly, identified a suite of candidate biomarkers of zinc exposure useful for the development of biomonitoring programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Long
- Centre for Aquatic Pollution, Identification and Management (CAPIM), School of BioSciences, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, 3052, Australia.
| | - Dedreia L Tull
- Metabolomics Australia, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, 3052, Australia.
| | - Katherine J Jeppe
- Centre for Aquatic Pollution, Identification and Management (CAPIM), School of BioSciences, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, 3052, Australia; Centre for Aquatic Pollution, Identification and Management (CAPIM), School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, 3010, Australia.
| | - David P De Souza
- Metabolomics Australia, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, 3052, Australia.
| | - Saravanan Dayalan
- Metabolomics Australia, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, 3052, Australia.
| | - Vincent J Pettigrove
- Centre for Aquatic Pollution, Identification and Management (CAPIM), School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, 3010, Australia.
| | - Malcolm J McConville
- Metabolomics Australia, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, 3052, Australia.
| | - Ary A Hoffmann
- Centre for Aquatic Pollution, Identification and Management (CAPIM), School of BioSciences, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, 3052, Australia; School of BioSciences, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, 3052, Australia.
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Hala D, Petersen LH, Martinović D, Huggett DB. In Silico analysis of perturbed steroidogenesis and gonad growth in fathead minnows (P. promelas) exposed to 17α-ethynylestradiol. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2015; 61:122-38. [PMID: 25910217 DOI: 10.3109/19396368.2015.1035817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The multi-factorial nature of adverse reproductive effects mediated by endocrine disrupting compounds (or EDCs) makes understanding the mechanistic basis of reproductive dysfunction a highly pertinent area of research. As a consequence, a main motivator for continued research is to integrate 'multi-leveled' complexity (i.e., from genes to phenotype) using mathematical methods capable of encapsulating properties of physiological relevance. In this study, an in silico stoichiometric model of piscine steroidogenesis was augmented with a 'biomass' reaction associating the underlying stoichiometry of steroidogenesis with a reaction representative of gonad growth. The ability of the in silico model to predict perturbed steroidogenesis and subsequent effects on gonad growth was tested by exposing reproductively active male and female fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) to 88 ng/L of the synthetic estrogen, 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2). The in silico model was parameterized (or constrained) with experimentally quantified concentrations of selected steroid hormones (using mass spectrometry) and fold changes in gene expression (using RT-qPCR) for selected steroidogenic enzyme genes, in gonads of male and female fish. Once constrained, the optimization framework of flux balance analysis (FBA) was used to calculate an optimal flux through the biomass reaction (analogous to gonad growth) and associated steroidogenic flux distributions required to generate biomass. FBA successfully predicted effects of EE2 exposure on fathead minnow gonad growth (%gonadosomatic index or %GSI) and perturbed production of steroid hormones. Specifically, FBA accurately predicted no effects of exposure on male %GSI and a significant reduction for female %GSI. Furthermore, in silico simulations accurately identified disrupted reaction fluxes catalyzing productions of androgens (in male fish) and progestogens (in female fish), an observation which agreed with in vivo experimentation. The analyses presented is the first-ever to successfully associate underlying flux properties of the steroidogenic network with gonad growth in fish, an approach which can incorporate in silico predictions with toxicological risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Hala
- Department of Biology, University of North Texas , Denton, TX , USA
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Groh KJ, Carvalho RN, Chipman JK, Denslow ND, Halder M, Murphy CA, Roelofs D, Rolaki A, Schirmer K, Watanabe KH. Development and application of the adverse outcome pathway framework for understanding and predicting chronic toxicity: I. Challenges and research needs in ecotoxicology. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 120:764-77. [PMID: 25439131 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.09.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
To elucidate the effects of chemicals on populations of different species in the environment, efficient testing and modeling approaches are needed that consider multiple stressors and allow reliable extrapolation of responses across species. An adverse outcome pathway (AOP) is a concept that provides a framework for organizing knowledge about the progression of toxicity events across scales of biological organization that lead to adverse outcomes relevant for risk assessment. In this paper, we focus on exploring how the AOP concept can be used to guide research aimed at improving both our understanding of chronic toxicity, including delayed toxicity as well as epigenetic and transgenerational effects of chemicals, and our ability to predict adverse outcomes. A better understanding of the influence of subtle toxicity on individual and population fitness would support a broader integration of sublethal endpoints into risk assessment frameworks. Detailed mechanistic knowledge would facilitate the development of alternative testing methods as well as help prioritize higher tier toxicity testing. We argue that targeted development of AOPs supports both of these aspects by promoting the elucidation of molecular mechanisms and their contribution to relevant toxicity outcomes across biological scales. We further discuss information requirements and challenges in application of AOPs for chemical- and site-specific risk assessment and for extrapolation across species. We provide recommendations for potential extension of the AOP framework to incorporate information on exposure, toxicokinetics and situation-specific ecological contexts, and discuss common interfaces that can be employed to couple AOPs with computational modeling approaches and with evolutionary life history theory. The extended AOP framework can serve as a venue for integration of knowledge derived from various sources, including empirical data as well as molecular, quantitative and evolutionary-based models describing species responses to toxicants. This will allow a more efficient application of AOP knowledge for quantitative chemical- and site-specific risk assessment as well as for extrapolation across species in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia J Groh
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; ETH Zürich, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Raquel N Carvalho
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Water Resources Unit, 21027 Ispra, Italy
| | | | - Nancy D Denslow
- University of Florida, Department of Physiological Sciences, Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology and Genetics Institute, 32611 Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Marlies Halder
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer Protection, Systems Toxicology Unit, 21027 Ispra, Italy
| | - Cheryl A Murphy
- Michigan State University, Fisheries and Wildlife, Lyman Briggs College, 48824 East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Dick Roelofs
- VU University, Institute of Ecological Science, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandra Rolaki
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer Protection, Systems Toxicology Unit, 21027 Ispra, Italy
| | - Kristin Schirmer
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; ETH Zürich, Department of Environmental Systems Science, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland; EPF Lausanne, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Karen H Watanabe
- Oregon Health & Science University, Institute of Environmental Health, Division of Environmental and Biomolecular Systems, 97239-3098 Portland, OR, USA
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Groh KJ, Suter MJF. Stressor-induced proteome alterations in zebrafish: a meta-analysis of response patterns. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 159:1-12. [PMID: 25498419 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Proteomics approaches are being increasingly applied in ecotoxicology on the premise that the identification of specific protein expression changes in response to a particular chemical would allow elucidation of the underlying molecular pathways leading to an adverse effect. This in turn is expected to promote the development of focused testing strategies for specific groups of toxicants. Although both gel-based and gel-free global characterization techniques provide limited proteome coverage, the conclusions regarding the cellular processes affected are still being drawn based on the few changes detected. To investigate how specific the detected responses are, we analyzed a set of studies that characterized proteome alterations induced by various physiological, chemical and biological stressors in zebrafish, a popular model organism. Our analysis highlights several proteins and protein groups, including heat shock and oxidative stress defense proteins, energy metabolism enzymes and cytoskeletal proteins, to be most frequently identified as responding to diverse stressors. In contrast, other potentially more specifically responding protein groups are detected much less frequently. Thus, zebrafish proteome responses to stress reported by different studies appear to depend mostly on the level of stress rather than on the specific stressor itself. This suggests that the most broadly used current proteomics technologies do not provide sufficient proteome coverage to allow in-depth investigation of specific mechanisms of toxicant action. We suggest that the results of any differential proteomics experiment performed with zebrafish should be interpreted keeping in mind the list of the most frequent responders that we have identified. Similar reservations should apply to any other species where proteome responses are analyzed by global proteomics methods. Careful consideration of the reliability and significance of observed changes is necessary in order not to over-interpret the experimental results and to prevent the proliferation of false positive linkages between the chemical and the cellular functions it perturbs. We further discuss the implications of the identified "top lists" of frequently responding proteins and protein families, and suggest further directions for proteomics research in ecotoxicology. Apart from improving the proteome coverage, further research should focus on defining the significance of the observed stress response patterns for organism phenotypes and on searching for common upstream regulators that can be targeted by specific assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia J Groh
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; ETH Zürich, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Marc J-F Suter
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; ETH Zürich, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Department of Environmental Systems Science, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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Junot C, Fenaille F, Colsch B, Bécher F. High resolution mass spectrometry based techniques at the crossroads of metabolic pathways. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2014; 33:471-500. [PMID: 24288070 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The metabolome is the set of small molecular mass compounds found in biological media, and metabolomics, which refers to as the analysis of metabolome in a given biological condition, deals with the large scale detection and quantification of metabolites in biological media. It is a data driven and multidisciplinary approach combining analytical chemistry for data acquisition, and biostatistics, informatics and biochemistry for mining and interpretation of these data. Since the middle of the 2000s, high resolution mass spectrometry is widely used in metabolomics, mainly because the detection and identification of metabolites are improved compared to low resolution instruments. As the field of HRMS is quickly and permanently evolving, the aim of this work is to review its use in different aspects of metabolomics, including data acquisition, metabolite annotation, identification and quantification. At last, we would like to show that, thanks to their versatility, HRMS instruments are the most appropriate to achieve optimal metabolome coverage, at the border of other omics fields such as lipidomics and glycomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Junot
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Centre de Saclay, DSV/iBiTec-S/SPI, Laboratoire d'Etude du Métabolisme des Médicaments, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
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40
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Garcia-Reyero N, Ekman DR, Habib T, Villeneuve DL, Collette TW, Bencic DC, Ankley GT, Perkins EJ. Integrated approach to explore the mechanisms of aromatase inhibition and recovery in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2014; 203:193-202. [PMID: 24704562 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Aromatase, a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily, is a key enzyme in estradiol synthesis that catalyzes the aromatization of androgens into estrogens in ovaries. Here, we used an integrated approach to assess the mechanistic basis of the direct effects of aromatase inhibition, as well as adaptation and recovery processes in fish. We exposed female fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) via the water to 30 μg/L of a model aromatase inhibitor, fadrozole, during 8 days (exposure phase). Fish were then held in clean water for 8 more days (recovery phase). Samples were collected at 1, 2, 4, and 8 days of both the exposure and the recovery phases. Transcriptomics, metabolomics, and network inference were used to understand changes and infer connections at the transcript and metabolite level in the ovary. Apical endpoints directly indicative of endocrine function, such as plasma estradiol, testosterone, and vitellogenin levels were also measured. An integrated analysis of the data revealed changes in gene expression consistent with increased testosterone in fadrozole-exposed ovaries. Metabolites such as glycogen and taurine were strongly correlated with increased testosterone levels. Comparison of in vivo and ex vivo steroidogenesis data suggested the accumulation of steroidogenic enzymes, including aromatase, as a mechanism to compensate for aromatase inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natàlia Garcia-Reyero
- Institute for Genomics Biocomputing and Biotechnology, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39759, USA.
| | - Drew R Ekman
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - Tanwir Habib
- Badger Technical Services, San Antonio, TX 78216, USA
| | - Daniel L Villeneuve
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Timothy W Collette
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - David C Bencic
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Ecological Exposures Research Division, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Gerald T Ankley
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Edward J Perkins
- US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS 39180, USA
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Garcia-Reyero N, Tingaud-Sequeira A, Cao M, Zhu Z, Perkins EJ, Hu W. Endocrinology: advances through omics and related technologies. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2014; 203:262-73. [PMID: 24726988 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Revised: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The rapid development of new omics technologies to measure changes at genetic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomics levels together with the evolution of methods to analyze and integrate the data at a systems level are revolutionizing the study of biological processes. Here we discuss how new approaches using omics technologies have expanded our knowledge especially in nontraditional models. Our increasing knowledge of these interactions and evolutionary pathway conservation facilitates the use of nontraditional species, both invertebrate and vertebrate, as new model species for biological and endocrinology research. The increasing availability of technology to create organisms overexpressing key genes in endocrine function allows manipulation of complex regulatory networks such as growth hormone (GH) in transgenic fish where disregulation of GH production to produce larger fish has also permitted exploration of the role that GH plays in testis development, suggesting that it does so through interactions with insulin-like growth factors. The availability of omics tools to monitor changes at nearly any level in any organism, manipulate gene expression and behavior, and integrate data across biological levels, provides novel opportunities to explore endocrine function across many species and understand the complex roles that key genes play in different aspects of the endocrine function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natàlia Garcia-Reyero
- Institute for Genomics Biocomputing and Biotechnology, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39759, USA.
| | - Angèle Tingaud-Sequeira
- Laboratoire MRMG, Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme, Université de Bordeaux, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Mengxi Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zuoyan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Edward J Perkins
- US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS 39180, USA
| | - Wei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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42
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Miao J, Pan L, Zhang W, Liu D, Cai Y, Li Z. Identification of differentially expressed genes in the digestive gland of manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum exposed to BDE-47. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2014; 161:15-20. [PMID: 24384476 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) was used to identify alterations in gene transcription of the manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum after exposure to 5μg/L 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) for 15days. The ability to accumulate BDE-47 in digestive gland and gill was also evaluated in order to provide information for food safety. Analysis of tissue extracts indicated that digestive gland had the higher BDE-47 levels (12,463.1±1334.8 ng/g d.w.) compared to gill (6368.6±738.7ng/g d.w.) after a 15-day exposure period. Forward and reverse SSH libraries were made from pooled digestive glands of R. philippinarum, from which 75 high quality sequences were obtained by BLAST analysis. The expression of 39 genes with significant homology (E-value<10(-5)) out of the 75 sequences was investigated by quantitative RT-PCR. Among the 39 genes, 27 genes were found up-regulated while 12 genes were found down-regulated after the BDE-47 exposure. The 39 genes were involved in cellular cycle, cytoskeleton, substance and energy metabolism, stress response, innate immunity and cell signaling and transport which were extensively discussed. This study provides a preliminary basis for studying the response of marine bivalves upon exposure to PBDEs in terms of regulated gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Miao
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Wenhao Zhang
- Technical Center for Shandong Entry-exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, China
| | - Dong Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Yuefeng Cai
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Zhen Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
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Abril N, Ruiz-Laguna J, García-Sevillano MÁ, Mata AM, Gómez-Ariza JL, Pueyo C. Heterologous microarray analysis of transcriptome alterations in Mus spretus mice living in an industrial settlement. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:2183-2192. [PMID: 24460498 DOI: 10.1021/es4053973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This work demonstrates the successful application of a commercial oligonucleotide microarray containing Mus musculus whole-genome probes to assess the biological effects of an industrial settlement on inhabitant Mus spretus mice. The transcriptomes of animals in the industrial settlement contrasted with those of specimens collected from a nearby protected ecosystem. Proteins encoded by the differentially expressed genes were broadly categorized into six main functional classes. Immune-associated genes were mostly induced and related to innate and acquired immunity and inflammation. Genes sorted into the stress-response category were mainly related to oxidative-stress tolerance and biotransformation. Metabolism-associated genes were mostly repressed and related to lipid metabolic pathways; these included genes that encoded 11 of the 20 cholesterol biosynthetic pathway enzymes. Crosstalk between members of different functional categories was also revealed, including the repression of serine-protease genes and the induction of protease-inhibitor genes to control the inflammatory response. Absolute quantification of selected transcripts was performed via RT-PCR to verify the microarray results and assess interindividual variability. Microarray data were further validated by immunoblotting and by cholesterol and protein-thiol oxidation level determinations. Reported data provide a broad impression of the biological consequences of residing in an industrial area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nieves Abril
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), Severo Ochoa Building, University of Córdoba , Rabanales Campus, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
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Williams TD, Mirbahai L, Chipman JK. The toxicological application of transcriptomics and epigenomics in zebrafish and other teleosts. Brief Funct Genomics 2014; 13:157-71. [DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elt053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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45
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Tompsett AR, Wiseman S, Higley E, Giesy JP, Hecker M. Effects of exposure to 17α-ethynylestradiol during sexual differentiation on the transcriptome of the African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 47:4822-4828. [PMID: 23550701 DOI: 10.1021/es400436y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to estrogens during the period of sexual differentiation is known to adversely affect the development of testes in African clawed frogs (Xenopus laevis), but little is known about molecular changes that coincide with the development of altered phenotypes. Therefore, the transcriptome-level effects of exposure to 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) during sexual differentiation of X. laevis were evaluated by use of Illumina sequencing coupled with RNA-Seq expression analysis. Overall, a number of processes were affected by 17α-ethynylestradiol, including steroid biosynthesis, thyroid hormone signaling and metabolism, testicular development, and spermatogenesis. Some of the altered pathways, such as thyroid hormone signaling and testicular development, could be linked with biological effects on metamorphosis and gonadal phenotypes, respectively, that were observed in frogs that were exposed to 17α-ethynylestradiol throughout metamorphosis and the early postmetamorphic period. Thus, early changes at the transcriptome-level were predictive of pathologies that did not manifest until later in development. To validate the quantitative capacity of RNA-Seq, a subset of transcripts identified to have altered abundances in individuals exposed to 17α-ethynylestradiol was also evaluated by use of quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). While small sample sizes (n = 3) limited the ability to draw conclusions pertaining to differences in qPCR-derived abundances of transcripts between control and exposed tadpoles, there was a significant relationship (r(2) = 0.78) between fold-changes for RNA-Seq and qPCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber R Tompsett
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
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46
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Toxicogenomic approaches for understanding molecular mechanisms of heavy metal mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2013; 216:587-98. [PMID: 23540489 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2013.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Revised: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metals that are harmful to humans include arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, and nickel. Some metals or their related compounds may even cause cancer. However, the mechanism underlying heavy metal-induced cancer remains unclear. Increasing data show a link between heavy metal exposure and aberrant changes in both genetic and epigenetic factors via non-targeted multiple toxicogenomic technologies of the transcriptome, proteome, metabolome, and epigenome. These modifications due to heavy metal exposure might provide a better understanding of environmental disorders. Such informative changes following heavy metal exposure might also be useful for screening of biomarker-monitored exposure to environmental pollutants and/or predicting the risk of disease. We summarize advances in high-throughput toxicogenomic-based technologies and studies related to exposure to individual heavy metal and/or mixtures and propose the underlying mechanism of action and toxicant signatures. Integrative multi-level expression analysis of the toxicity of heavy metals via system toxicology-based methodologies combined with statistical and computational tools might clarify the biological pathways involved in carcinogenic processes. Although standard in vitro and in vivo endpoint testing of mutagenicity and carcinogenicity are considered a complementary approach linked to disease, we also suggest that further evaluation of prominent biomarkers reflecting effects, responses, and disease susceptibility might be diagnostic. Furthermore, we discuss challenges in toxicogenomic applications for toxicological studies of metal mixtures and epidemiological research. Taken together, this review presents toxicogenomic data that will be useful for improvement of the knowledge of carcinogenesis and the development of better strategies for health risk assessment.
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Agbo SO, Lemmetyinen J, Keinänen M, Keski-Saari S, Akkanen J, Leppänen MT, Wang Z, Wang H, Price DA, Kukkonen JVK. Response of Lumbriculus variegatus transcriptome and metabolites to model chemical contaminants. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2013. [PMID: 23178640 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2012.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Assessment of the underlying molecular events leading to xenobiotic toxicity is challenging especially when techniques are applied in isolation. We examined transcriptional and metabolic changes in Lumbriculus variegatus exposed to benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P), cadmium (Cd) or pentachlorophenol (PCP) by DNA microarrays (7422 ESTs) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), respectively. In addition, the DNA damage response of worms exposed to B(a)P was assessed by a capillary electrophoresis laser induced fluorescence (CE-LIF) immunoassay. We found elevated expression of oxidative stress responsive genes, which correlated positively with the changes in antioxidant vitamin precursors including alpha-tocopherol and cholecalciferol. Other genes with strong differential expressions were mostly involved in actin related processes and proteolysis, despite an apparent delayed Cd response. Phosphates, sugars and fatty acids were effectively reduced and suggested that chemical treatments may have interfered with energy metabolism. The increased amount of B(a)P diol-epoxide (BPDE)-DNA adducts in exposed worms appeared to correlate with the variability in uridine, inosine and xanthine, which are key components of nucleoside metabolism. This suggests that DNA damage was imminent or peaked within 6h. The results conformed to transcriptional changes in B(a)P exposed worms and compliment other approaches to elucidate underlying molecular changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley O Agbo
- Department of Biology, University of Eastern Finland, P. O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland.
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48
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Effect-based tools for monitoring and predicting the ecotoxicological effects of chemicals in the aquatic environment. SENSORS 2012; 12:12741-71. [PMID: 23112741 PMCID: PMC3478868 DOI: 10.3390/s120912741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Revised: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ecotoxicology faces the challenge of assessing and predicting the effects of an increasing number of chemical stressors on aquatic species and ecosystems. Herein we review currently applied tools in ecological risk assessment, combining information on exposure with expected biological effects or environmental water quality standards; currently applied effect-based tools are presented based on whether exposure occurs in a controlled laboratory environment or in the field. With increasing ecological relevance the reproducibility, specificity and thus suitability for standardisation of methods tends to diminish. We discuss the use of biomarkers in ecotoxicology including ecotoxicogenomics-based endpoints, which are becoming increasingly important for the detection of sublethal effects. Carefully selected sets of biomarkers allow an assessment of exposure to and effects of toxic chemicals, as well as the health status of organisms and, when combined with chemical analysis, identification of toxicant(s). The promising concept of “adverse outcome pathways (AOP)” links mechanistic responses on the cellular level with whole organism, population, community and potentially ecosystem effects and services. For most toxic mechanisms, however, practical application of AOPs will require more information and the identification of key links between responses, as well as key indicators, at different levels of biological organization, ecosystem functioning and ecosystem services.
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Nestler H, Groh KJ, Schönenberger R, Eggen RIL, Suter MJF. Linking proteome responses with physiological and biochemical effects in herbicide-exposed Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. J Proteomics 2012; 75:5370-85. [PMID: 22749931 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Revised: 05/24/2012] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to a toxicant causes proteome alterations in an organism. In ecotoxicology, analysis of these changes may allow linking them to physiological and biochemical endpoints, providing insights into subcellular exposure effects and responses and, ultimately mechanisms of action. Based on this, useful protein markers of exposure can be identified. We investigated the proteome changes induced by the herbicides paraquat, diuron, and norflurazon in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Shotgun proteome profiling and spectral counting quantification in combination with G-test statistics revealed significant changes in protein abundance. Functional enrichment analysis identified protein groups that responded to the exposures. Significant changes were observed for 149-254 proteins involved in a variety of metabolic pathways. While some proteins and functional protein groups responded to several tested exposure conditions, others were affected only in specific cases. Expected as well as novel candidate markers of herbicide exposure were identified, the latter including the photosystem II subunit PsbR or the VIPP1 protein. We demonstrate that the proteome response to toxicants is generally more sensitive than the physiological and biochemical endpoints, and that it can be linked to effects on these levels. Thus, proteome profiling may serve as a useful tool for ecotoxicological investigations in green algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Nestler
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Ueberlandstrasse 133, 8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland
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50
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Silvestre F, Gillardin V, Dorts J. Proteomics to Assess the Role of Phenotypic Plasticity in Aquatic Organisms Exposed to Pollution and Global Warming. Integr Comp Biol 2012; 52:681-94. [DOI: 10.1093/icb/ics087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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