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Chen F, Cheng B, Xu X, Yan W, Meng Q, Liu J, Yao R, Dong F, Liu Y. High-intensity interval training stimulates remyelination via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in cuprizone-induced demyelination mouse model. Neurol Res 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38979727 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2024.2376310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to investigate the role of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in promoting myelin sheath recovery during the remyelination phase in cuprizone (CPZ)-induced demyelination mice and elucidate the mechanisms involving the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. METHODS After 5 weeks of a 0.2% CPZ diet to induce demyelination, a 4-week recovery phase with a normal diet was followed by HIIT intervention. Mice body weight was monitored. Morris water maze (MWM) gauged spatial cognition and memory, while the open field test (OFT) assessed anxiety levels. Luxol fast blue (LFB) staining measured demyelination, and immunofluorescence examined myelin basic protein (MBP) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha (PDGFR-α). Western blotting analyzed protein expression, including MBP, PDGFR-α, glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β), β-catenin, and p-β-catenin. Real-time PCR detected mRNA expression levels of CGT and CST. RESULTS HIIT promoted remyelination in demyelinating mice, enhancing spatial cognition, memory, and reducing anxiety. LFB staining indicated decreased demyelination in HIIT-treated mice. Immunofluorescence demonstrated increased MBP fluorescence intensity and PDGFR-α+ cell numbers with HIIT. Western blotting revealed HIIT reduced β-catenin levels while increasing p-β-catenin and GSK3β levels. Real-time PCR demonstrated that HIIT promoted the generation of new myelin sheaths. Additionally, the Wnt/β-catenin pathway agonist, SKL2001, decreased MBP expression but increased PDGFR-α expression. DISCUSSION HIIT promotes remyelination by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and is a promising rehabilitation training for demyelinating diseases. It provides a new theoretical basis for clinical rehabilitation and care programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chen
- The First Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bing Cheng
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xinqi Xu
- The First Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weixing Yan
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qiqi Meng
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jinfeng Liu
- School of Life Science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ruiqin Yao
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fuxing Dong
- Public Experimental Research Center, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yaping Liu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Science Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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Wang J, Yang L, Du Y, Wang J, Weng Q, Liu X, Nicholson E, Xin M, Lu QR. BRG1 programs PRC2-complex repression and controls oligodendrocyte differentiation and remyelination. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202310143. [PMID: 38652118 PMCID: PMC11040499 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202310143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Chromatin-remodeling protein BRG1/SMARCA4 is pivotal for establishing oligodendrocyte (OL) lineage identity. However, its functions for oligodendrocyte-precursor cell (OPC) differentiation within the postnatal brain and during remyelination remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate that Brg1 loss profoundly impairs OPC differentiation in the brain with a comparatively lesser effect in the spinal cord. Moreover, BRG1 is critical for OPC remyelination after injury. Integrative transcriptomic/genomic profiling reveals that BRG1 exhibits a dual role by promoting OPC differentiation networks while repressing OL-inhibitory cues and proneuronal programs. Furthermore, we find that BRG1 interacts with EED/PRC2 polycomb-repressive-complexes to enhance H3K27me3-mediated repression at gene loci associated with OL-differentiation inhibition and neurogenesis. Notably, BRG1 depletion decreases H3K27me3 deposition, leading to the upregulation of BMP/WNT signaling and proneurogenic genes, which suppresses OL programs. Thus, our findings reveal a hitherto unexplored spatiotemporal-specific role of BRG1 for OPC differentiation in the developing CNS and underscore a new insight into BRG1/PRC2-mediated epigenetic regulation that promotes and safeguards OL lineage commitment and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Wang
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lijun Yang
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yiwen Du
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Qinjie Weng
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuezhao Liu
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Eva Nicholson
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Mei Xin
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Qing Richard Lu
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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3
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Al-Sharif NB, Zavaliangos-Petropulu A, Narr KL. A review of diffusion MRI in mood disorders: mechanisms and predictors of treatment response. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024:10.1038/s41386-024-01894-3. [PMID: 38902355 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-024-01894-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
By measuring the molecular diffusion of water molecules in brain tissue, diffusion MRI (dMRI) provides unique insight into the microstructure and structural connections of the brain in living subjects. Since its inception, the application of dMRI in clinical research has expanded our understanding of the possible biological bases of psychiatric disorders and successful responses to different therapeutic interventions. Here, we review the past decade of diffusion imaging-based investigations with a specific focus on studies examining the mechanisms and predictors of therapeutic response in people with mood disorders. We present a brief overview of the general application of dMRI and key methodological developments in the field that afford increasingly detailed information concerning the macro- and micro-structural properties and connectivity patterns of white matter (WM) pathways and their perturbation over time in patients followed prospectively while undergoing treatment. This is followed by a more in-depth summary of particular studies using dMRI approaches to examine mechanisms and predictors of clinical outcomes in patients with unipolar or bipolar depression receiving pharmacological, neurostimulation, or behavioral treatments. Limitations associated with dMRI research in general and with treatment studies in mood disorders specifically are discussed, as are directions for future research. Despite limitations and the associated discrepancies in findings across individual studies, evolving research strongly indicates that the field is on the precipice of identifying and validating dMRI biomarkers that could lead to more successful personalized treatment approaches and could serve as targets for evaluating the neural effects of novel treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor B Al-Sharif
- Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Artemis Zavaliangos-Petropulu
- Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Katherine L Narr
- Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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4
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Sgroi S, Romeo E, Albanesi E, Piccardi F, Catalano F, Debellis D, Bertozzi F, Reggiani A. Combined in vivo effect of N-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidase and glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibition to treat multiple sclerosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116677. [PMID: 38701570 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The current pharmacological approaches to multiple sclerosis (MS) target its inflammatory and autoimmune components, but effective treatments to foster remyelination and axonal repair are still lacking. We therefore selected two targets known to be involved in MS pathogenesis: N-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidase (NAAA) and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β). We tested whether inhibiting these targets exerted a therapeutic effect against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS. The combined inhibition of NAAA and GSK-3β by two selected small-molecule compounds, ARN16186 (an NAAA inhibitor) and AF3581 (a GSK-3β inhibitor), effectively mitigated disease progression, rescuing the animals from paralysis and preventing a worsening of the pathology. The complementary activity of the two inhibitors reduced the infiltration of immune cells into the spinal cord and led to the formation of thin myelin sheaths around the axons post-demyelination. Specifically, the inhibition of NAAA and GSK-3β modulated the over-activation of NF-kB and STAT3 transcription factors in the EAE-affected mice and induced the nuclear translocation of β-catenin, reducing the inflammatory insult and promoting the remyelination process. Overall, this work demonstrates that the dual-targeting of key aspects responsible for MS progression could be an innovative pharmacological approach to tackle the pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Sgroi
- D3-Validation, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa 16163, Italy
| | - Elisa Romeo
- Structural Biophysics Facility, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa 16163, Italy
| | - Ennio Albanesi
- Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Neurofacility, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa 16163, Italy
| | - Federica Piccardi
- Animal Facility, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa 16163, Italy
| | - Federico Catalano
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa 16163, Italy
| | - Doriana Debellis
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa 16163, Italy
| | - Fabio Bertozzi
- D3-PharmaChemistry, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa 16163, Italy
| | - Angelo Reggiani
- D3-Validation, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa 16163, Italy.
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5
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Dong A, Gao Z, Wang H, Wu R, Wang W, Jin X, Ji Y, Yang F, Zhu T, Jiang Z, Xu Y, Guo J, Ji L. Acupuncture Alleviates Chronic Ischemic White Matter Injury in SHR Rats via JNK-NMDAR Circuit. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:3144-3160. [PMID: 37976026 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03759-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
To study the protective mechanism of acupuncture at "Jiangya Recipe" on chronic ischemic white matter injury in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and the regulation of Jun N-terminal kinase-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (JNK-NMDAR) loop. A hypertensive white matter injury model was established in 46 male SHR rats aged 11 weeks by bilateral common carotid artery tapering (SHR-2VGO). In the SHR sham operation group, only bilateral common carotid arteries were isolated and in the SHR-2VGO modeling group, 36 rats were used for microcoil spring clip implantation to narrow the common carotid arteries and then, after 2 weeks of modeling, rats with impaired motor function were removed, and SHR-2VGO rats with successful final models were randomly divided into the model group, JNK blocking group, and acupuncture group. The sham operation group, model group, and JNK blocking group underwent the same grasping fixation, and the acupuncture group received acupuncture at acupoints "Jiangya Fang" once daily. In the JNK blocker group, an injection cannula was implanted into the lateral ventricle and sp600125 was injected into the lateral ventricle at 4.5 ul/day for 4 weeks. One week after the end of the intervention, white matter lesions were detected by MRI DWI and T2 imaging, and the learning and memory ability of rats was tested by Y-Maze and Passive Avoidance. Myelin density was detected by luxol fast blue (LFB) staining, also axon arrangement, myelin integrity, and thickness of neurons were detected by electron microscopy; neuronal morphology and the number of Nissl bodies in the hippocampus were detected by Nissl staining, dendritic spine density changes were detected by Golgi staining, and JNK, NMDAR1, and N-methyl-D-receptor 2B (NMDAR2B) in DG, CA3 region of hippocampus were detected by immunohistochemistry, protein expression of p-JNK/JNK, p-NMDAR1/NMDAR1, NMDAR2B, GSK3β protein expression in the fimbria of hippocampus was detected by Western blot. The Y maze test of SHR-2VGO+Acu and SHR-2VGO+ sp600125 group showed that the spontaneous alternating reaction rate increased significantly. At the same time, the incubation period increased significantly and the number of errors decreased significantly in Passive Avoidance. MRI T2WI showed that the white matter high signal of the corpus callosum, internal capsule and hippocampal fimbria in the SHR-2VGO+ sp600125 and SHR-2VGO+Acu groups was significantly lower than that in the SHR-2VGO model group, and the striatum and anterior commissure were not obvious. DWI showed that the SHR-2VGO model group had scattered high signal and limited diffusion movement in both the internal capsule and striatum, but the difference between groups was not obvious. Compared with SHR-2VGO rats, LFB staining of SHR-2VGO + sp600125 and SHR-2VGO +Acu groups showed significant relaxation of myelin porosity in corpus callosum, striatum, inner capsule, anterior commissure and hippocampal fimbria, and electron microscopy showed improved axonal myelin integrity and thickness in corpus callosum region. Also, the number of blue patchy Nissl bodies increased, and the number and complexity of dendritic spines increased significantly in Golgi staining. Immunohistochemical detection showed that JNK levels in DG and CA3 region were increased and NMDAR1 and NMDAR2B levels were decreased in SHR-2VGO+Acu and SHR-2VGO+ sp600125 groups. Meanwhile, protein expressions of GSK3β, NMDAR1/p-NMDAR1 and NMDAR2B in fimbria of hippocampus were increased, and JNK/P-JNK protein expression decreased. Acupuncture can increase the density and thickness of myelin sheath in white matter areas of corpus callosum, anterior commissure and hippocampal fimbria, increase the number and length of hippocampal neuronal dendrites, and improve hypertensive white matter injury and cognitive decline through JNK-NMDAR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiai Dong
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Zhen Gao
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Haijun Wang
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Ronglin Wu
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Weifeng Wang
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Acupuncture and Massage, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Xiaofei Jin
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Yufang Ji
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Faming Yang
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Acupuncture and Massage, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Ziwen Jiang
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Yongrong Xu
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Jilong Guo
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Laixi Ji
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China.
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6
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Parrilla GE, Gupta V, Wall RV, Salkar A, Basavarajappa D, Mirzaei M, Chitranshi N, Graham SL, You Y. The role of myelin in neurodegeneration: implications for drug targets and neuroprotection strategies. Rev Neurosci 2024; 35:271-292. [PMID: 37983528 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Myelination of axons in the central nervous system offers numerous advantages, including decreased energy expenditure for signal transmission and enhanced signal speed. The myelin sheaths surrounding an axon consist of a multi-layered membrane that is formed by oligodendrocytes, while specific glycoproteins and lipids play various roles in this formation process. As beneficial as myelin can be, its dysregulation and degeneration can prove detrimental. Inflammation, oxidative stress, and changes in cellular metabolism and the extracellular matrix can lead to demyelination of these axons. These factors are hallmark characteristics of certain demyelinating diseases including multiple sclerosis. The effects of demyelination are also implicated in primary degeneration in diseases such as glaucoma and Alzheimer's disease, as well as in processes of secondary degeneration. This reveals a relationship between myelin and secondary processes of neurodegeneration, including resultant degeneration following traumatic injury and transsynaptic degeneration. The role of myelin in primary and secondary degeneration is also of interest in the exploration of strategies and targets for remyelination, including the use of anti-inflammatory molecules or nanoparticles to deliver drugs. Although the use of these methods in animal models of diseases have shown to be effective in promoting remyelination, very few clinical trials in patients have met primary end points. This may be due to shortcomings or considerations that are not met while designing a clinical trial that targets remyelination. Potential solutions include diversifying disease targets and requiring concomitant interventions to promote rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella E Parrilla
- Faculty of Human, Health, and Medical Science, Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Wallumattagal Campus, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Vivek Gupta
- Faculty of Human, Health, and Medical Science, Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Wallumattagal Campus, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Roshana Vander Wall
- Faculty of Human, Health, and Medical Science, Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Wallumattagal Campus, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Akanksha Salkar
- Faculty of Human, Health, and Medical Science, Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Wallumattagal Campus, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Devaraj Basavarajappa
- Faculty of Human, Health, and Medical Science, Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Wallumattagal Campus, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Mehdi Mirzaei
- Faculty of Human, Health, and Medical Science, Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Wallumattagal Campus, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Nitin Chitranshi
- Faculty of Human, Health, and Medical Science, Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Wallumattagal Campus, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Stuart L Graham
- Faculty of Human, Health, and Medical Science, Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Wallumattagal Campus, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
- Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, 8 Macquarie St, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
| | - Yuyi You
- Faculty of Human, Health, and Medical Science, Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Wallumattagal Campus, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
- Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, 8 Macquarie St, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
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Rivera AD, Normanton JR, Butt AM, Azim K. The Genomic Intersection of Oligodendrocyte Dynamics in Schizophrenia and Aging Unravels Novel Pathological Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potentials. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4452. [PMID: 38674040 PMCID: PMC11050044 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a significant worldwide health concern, affecting over 20 million individuals and contributing to a potential reduction in life expectancy by up to 14.5 years. Despite its profound impact, the precise pathological mechanisms underlying schizophrenia continue to remain enigmatic, with previous research yielding diverse and occasionally conflicting findings. Nonetheless, one consistently observed phenomenon in brain imaging studies of schizophrenia patients is the disruption of white matter, the bundles of myelinated axons that provide connectivity and rapid signalling between brain regions. Myelin is produced by specialised glial cells known as oligodendrocytes, which have been shown to be disrupted in post-mortem analyses of schizophrenia patients. Oligodendrocytes are generated throughout life by a major population of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPC), which are essential for white matter health and plasticity. Notably, a decline in a specific subpopulation of OPC has been identified as a principal factor in oligodendrocyte disruption and white matter loss in the aging brain, suggesting this may also be a factor in schizophrenia. In this review, we analysed genomic databases to pinpoint intersections between aging and schizophrenia and identify shared mechanisms of white matter disruption and cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea D. Rivera
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Human Anatomy, University of Padova, Via A. Gabelli 65, 35127 Padua, Italy;
| | - John R. Normanton
- GliaGenesis Limited, Orchard Lea, Horns Lane, Oxfordshire, Witney OX29 8NH, UK; (J.R.N.); (K.A.)
| | - Arthur M. Butt
- GliaGenesis Limited, Orchard Lea, Horns Lane, Oxfordshire, Witney OX29 8NH, UK; (J.R.N.); (K.A.)
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, Hampshire PO1 2UP, UK
| | - Kasum Azim
- GliaGenesis Limited, Orchard Lea, Horns Lane, Oxfordshire, Witney OX29 8NH, UK; (J.R.N.); (K.A.)
- Independent Data Lab UG, Frauenmantelanger 31, 80937 Munich, Germany
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Garone C, De Giorgio F, Carli S. Mitochondrial metabolism in neural stem cells and implications for neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases. J Transl Med 2024; 22:238. [PMID: 38438847 PMCID: PMC10910780 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05041-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are cytoplasmic organelles having a fundamental role in the regulation of neural stem cell (NSC) fate during neural development and maintenance.During embryonic and adult neurogenesis, NSCs undergo a metabolic switch from glycolytic to oxidative phosphorylation with a rise in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content, changes in mitochondria shape and size, and a physiological augmentation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species which together drive NSCs to proliferate and differentiate. Genetic and epigenetic modifications of proteins involved in cellular differentiation (Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin), proliferation (Wingless-type), and hypoxia (Mitogen-activated protein kinase)-and all connected by the common key regulatory factor Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1A-are deemed to be responsible for the metabolic shift and, consequently, NSC fate in physiological and pathological conditions.Both primary mitochondrial dysfunction due to mutations in nuclear DNA or mtDNA or secondary mitochondrial dysfunction in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) metabolism, mitochondrial dynamics, and organelle interplay pathways can contribute to the development of neurodevelopmental or progressive neurodegenerative disorders.This review analyses the physiology and pathology of neural development starting from the available in vitro and in vivo models and highlights the current knowledge concerning key mitochondrial pathways involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Garone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UO Neuropsichiatria Dell'età Pediatrica, Bologna, Italy.
| | - F De Giorgio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Carli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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9
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Motamed Nezhad A, Behroozi Z, Kookli K, Ghadaksaz A, Fazeli SM, Moshiri A, Ramezani F, Shooshtari MG, Janzadeh A. Evaluation of photobiomodulation therapy (117 and 90s) on pain, regeneration, and epigenetic factors (HDAC 2, DNMT3a) expression following spinal cord injury in a rat model. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2023; 22:2527-2540. [PMID: 37787959 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00467-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT), due to its anti-inflammatory, analgesic effects, and most importantly as a non-invasive procedure, has currently gained a special setting in pain relief and the treatment of Spinal cord injuries (SCI). However, the mechanism of action of the PBM is not yet completely understood. METHODS In this study, SCI is induced by an aneurysm clip, and PBM therapy was applied by a continuous-wave (CW) laser with a wavelength of 660 nm. Adult male rats were divided into four groups: Control, SCI, SCI + PBMT 90s, and SCI + PBMT 117s. After 7 weeks, hyperalgesia, allodynia, and functional recovery were assessed. Fibroblasts infiltrating the spinal cord were counted after H&E staining. The expression of epigenetic factors (HDAC2, DNMT3a), protein relevant for pain (GAD65), and astrocytes marker (GFAP) after 4 weeks of daily PBMT (90 and 117s) was probed by western blotting. RESULTS Both PBMTs (90 and 117s) significantly improved the pain and ability to move and fibroblast invasion was reduced. SCI + PBMT 90s, increased GAD65, HDAC2, and DNMT3a expression. However, PBMT 117s decreased GFAP, HDAC2, and DNMT3a. CONCLUSION PBMT 90 and 117s improved the pain, and functional recovery equally. The regulation of epigenetic mechanisms appears to be a significant effect of PBMT117s, which emphasizes on impact of radiation duration and accumulative energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Motamed Nezhad
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Alborz, Iran
| | - Zahra Behroozi
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Keihan Kookli
- International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cancer Control Research Center, Cancer Control Foundation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Ghadaksaz
- Department of Biophysics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7622, Hungary
| | - Seyedalireza Moghaddas Fazeli
- International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cancer Control Research Center, Cancer Control Foundation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Ramezani
- Physiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Radiation Biology Research Center (RBRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Atousa Janzadeh
- Radiation Biology Research Center (RBRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.
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10
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Yu H, Xiong M, Zhang Z. The role of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta in neurodegenerative diseases. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1209703. [PMID: 37781096 PMCID: PMC10540228 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1209703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) pose an increasingly prevalent threat to the well-being and survival of elderly individuals worldwide. NDDs include Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and so on. They are characterized by progressive loss or dysfunction of neurons in the central or peripheral nervous system and share several cellular and molecular mechanisms, including protein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, gene mutations, and chronic neuroinflammation. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β) is a serine/threonine kinase that is believed to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of NDDs. Here we summarize the structure and physiological functions of GSK3β and explore its involvement in NDDs. We also discussed its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglu Yu
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Xiong
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhentao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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11
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Ramakrishna K, Nalla LV, Naresh D, Venkateswarlu K, Viswanadh MK, Nalluri BN, Chakravarthy G, Duguluri S, Singh P, Rai SN, Kumar A, Singh V, Singh SK. WNT-β Catenin Signaling as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Neurodegenerative Diseases: Current Status and Future Perspective. Diseases 2023; 11:89. [PMID: 37489441 PMCID: PMC10366863 DOI: 10.3390/diseases11030089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin (WβC) signaling pathway is an important signaling pathway for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis from the embryonic developmental stages to adulthood. The canonical pathway of WβC signaling is essential for neurogenesis, cell proliferation, and neurogenesis, whereas the noncanonical pathway (WNT/Ca2+ and WNT/PCP) is responsible for cell polarity, calcium maintenance, and cell migration. Abnormal regulation of WβC signaling is involved in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), multiple sclerosis (MS), and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Hence, the alteration of WβC signaling is considered a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of neurodegenerative disease. In the present review, we have used the bibliographical information from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus to address the current prospects of WβC signaling role in the abovementioned neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kakarla Ramakrishna
- KL College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Deemed to be University (KLU), Green Fields, Vaddeswaram, Guntur 522502, India
| | - Lakshmi Vineela Nalla
- KL College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Deemed to be University (KLU), Green Fields, Vaddeswaram, Guntur 522502, India
| | - Dumala Naresh
- KL College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Deemed to be University (KLU), Green Fields, Vaddeswaram, Guntur 522502, India
| | - Kojja Venkateswarlu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, IIT BHU, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Matte Kasi Viswanadh
- KL College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Deemed to be University (KLU), Green Fields, Vaddeswaram, Guntur 522502, India
| | - Buchi N Nalluri
- KL College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Deemed to be University (KLU), Green Fields, Vaddeswaram, Guntur 522502, India
| | - Guntupalli Chakravarthy
- KL College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Deemed to be University (KLU), Green Fields, Vaddeswaram, Guntur 522502, India
| | - Sajusha Duguluri
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathi Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600073, India
| | - Payal Singh
- Department of Zoology, Mahila Maha Vidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Sachchida Nand Rai
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna 800007, India
| | - Veer Singh
- ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna 800007, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
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12
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Masson MA, Nait-Oumesmar B. Emerging concepts in oligodendrocyte and myelin formation, inputs from the zebrafish model. Glia 2023; 71:1147-1163. [PMID: 36645033 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes (OLs) are the myelinating cells of the central nervous system (CNS), which are derived from OL precursor cells. Myelin insulates axons allowing the saltatory conduction of action potentials and also provides trophic and metabolic supports to axons. Interestingly, oligodendroglial cells have the capacity to sense neuronal activity, which regulates myelin sheath formation via the vesicular release of neurotransmitters. Neuronal activity-dependent regulation of myelination is mediated by specialized interaction between axons and oligodendroglia, involving both synaptic and extra-synaptic modes of communications. The zebrafish has provided key advantages for the study of the myelination process in the CNS. External development and transparent larval stages of this vertebrate specie combined with the existence of several transgenic reporter lines provided key advances in oligodendroglial cell biology, axo-glial interactions and CNS myelination. In this publication, we reviewed and discussed the most recent knowledge on OL development and myelin formation, with a focus on mechanisms regulating these fundamental biological processes in the zebrafish. Especially, we highlighted the critical function of axons and oligodendroglia modes of communications and calcium signaling in myelin sheath formation and growth. Finally, we reviewed the relevance of these knowledge's in demyelinating diseases and drug discovery of pharmacological compounds favoring myelin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary-Amélie Masson
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Brahim Nait-Oumesmar
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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13
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Wang CY, Zuo Z, Kim KI, Bellen HJ, Lee HK. CK2α-dependent regulation of Wnt activity governs white matter development and repair. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.11.536369. [PMID: 37090554 PMCID: PMC10120613 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.11.536369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Wnt signaling plays an essential role in developmental and regenerative myelination in the CNS. The Wnt signaling pathway is comprised of multiple regulatory layers; thus, how these processes are coordinated to orchestrate oligodendrocyte development remains unclear. Here we show CK2α, a Wnt/β-catenin signaling Ser/Thr kinase, phosphorylates Daam2, inhibiting its function and Wnt-activity during oligodendrocyte development. Intriguingly, we found Daam2 phosphorylation differentially impacts distinct stages of oligodendrocyte development, accelerating early differentiation followed by decelerating maturation and myelination. Application towards white matter injury revealed CK2α-mediated Daam2 phosphorylation plays a protective role for developmental and behavioral recovery after neonatal hypoxia, while promoting myelin repair following adult demyelination. Together, our findings identify a novel regulatory node in the Wnt pathway that regulates oligodendrocyte development via protein phosphorylation-induced signaling complex instability and highlights a new biological mechanism for myelin restoration. Significance Wnt signaling plays a vital role in OL development and has been implicated as an adverse event for myelin repair after white matter injury. Emerging studies have shed light on multi-modal roles of Wnt effectors in the OL lineage, but the underlying molecular mechanisms and modifiable targets in OL remyelination remain unclear. Using genetic mouse development and injury model systems, we delineate a novel stage-specific function of Daam2 in Wnt signaling and OL development via a S704/T7-5 phosphorylation mechanism, and determine a new role of the kinase CK2α in contributing to OL development. In-depth understanding of CK2α-Daam2 pathway regulation will allow us to precisely modulate its activity in conjunction with Wnt signaling and harness its biology for white matter pathology.
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Tishler TA, Ellingson BM, Salvadore G, Baker P, Turkoz I, Subotnik KL, de la Fuente-Sandoval C, Nuechterlein KH, Alphs L. Effect of treatment with paliperidone palmitate versus oral antipsychotics on frontal lobe intracortical myelin volume in participants with recent-onset schizophrenia: Magnetic resonance imaging results from the DREaM study. Schizophr Res 2023; 255:195-202. [PMID: 37004331 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2023.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated changes in brain intracortical myelin (ICM) volume in the frontal lobe after 9 months of treatment with paliperidone palmitate (PP) compared with 9 months of treatment with oral antipsychotics (OAP) in participants with recent-onset schizophrenia or schizophreniform disorder from the Disease Recovery Evaluation and Modification (DREaM) study, a randomized, open-label, delayed-start trial. METHODS DREaM included 3 phases: Part I, a 2-month oral run-in; Part II, a 9-month disease progression phase (PP or OAP); and Part III, 9 months of additional treatment (participants receiving PP continued PP [PP/PP] and participants receiving OAP were rerandomized to receive either PP [OAP/PP] or OAP [OAP/OAP]). In Part II, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and functional and symptomatic assessment was performed at baseline, day 92, and day 260. ICM volume as a fraction of the entire brain volume was quantified by subtraction of a proton density image from an inversion recovery image. Within-treatment-group changes from baseline were assessed by paired t-tests. Analysis of covariance was used to analyze ICM volume changes between treatment groups, adjusting for country. RESULTS The MRI analysis sample size included 71 DREaM participants (PP, 23; OAP, 48) and 64 healthy controls. At baseline, mean adjusted ICM fraction values did not differ between groups (PP, 0.057; OAP, 0.058, p = 0.79). By day 92, the adjusted ICM fraction in the OAP group had decreased significantly (change from baseline, -0.002; p = 0.001), whereas the adjusted ICM fraction remained unchanged from baseline in the PP group (0.000; p = 0.80). At day 260, the change from baseline in adjusted ICM fraction was -0.004 (p = 0.004) in the OAP group and -0.001 (p = 0.728) in the PP group. The difference between treatment groups did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.147). CONCLUSIONS In participants with recent-onset schizophrenia or schizophreniform disorder, frontal ICM volume was preserved at baseline levels in those treated with PP over 9 months. However, a decrease of frontal ICM volume was observed among participants treated with OAPs. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT02431702.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Tishler
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - B M Ellingson
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; UCLA Center for Computer Vision and Imaging Biomarkers, Departments of Radiological Sciences and Psychiatry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
| | - G Salvadore
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Titusville, NJ, USA.
| | - P Baker
- Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC, Titusville, NJ, USA.
| | - I Turkoz
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Titusville, NJ, USA.
| | - K L Subotnik
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - C de la Fuente-Sandoval
- Laboratory of Experimental Psychiatry, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico; Neuropsychiatry Department, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - K H Nuechterlein
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - L Alphs
- Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC, Titusville, NJ, USA.
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15
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Xiao Y, Guan T, Yang X, Xu J, Zhang J, Qi Q, Teng Z, Dong Y, Gao Y, Li M, Meng N, Lv P. Baicalin facilitates remyelination and suppresses neuroinflammation in rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion by activating Wnt/β-catenin and inhibiting NF-κB signaling. Behav Brain Res 2023; 442:114301. [PMID: 36707260 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
One main factor contributing to the cognitive loss in vascular dementia (VD) is white matter lesions (WMLs) carried on by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH). A secondary neuroinflammatory response to CCH accelerates the loss and limits the regeneration of oligodendrocytes, leading to progressive demyelination and insufficient remyelination in the white matter. Thus, promoting remyelination and inhibiting neuroinflammation may be an ideal therapeutic strategy. Baicalin (BAI) is known to exhibit protective effects against various inflammatory and demyelinating diseases. However, whether BAI has neuroprotective effects against CCH has not been investigated. To determine whether BAI inhibits CCH-induced demyelination and neuroinflammation, we established a model of CCH in rats by occluding the two common carotid arteries bilaterally. Our results revealed that BAI could remarkably ameliorate cognitive impairment and mitigate CA1 pyramidal neuron damage and myelin loss. BAI exhibited enhancement of remyelination by increasing the expression of myelin basic protein (MBP) and oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2 (Olig2), inhibiting the loss of oligodendrocytes and promoting oligodendrocyte regeneration in the corpus callosum of CCH rats. Furthermore, BAI modified microglia polarization to the anti-inflammatory phenotype and inhibited the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Mechanistically, BAI treatment significantly induced phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β), enhanced the expression of β-catenin and its nuclear translocation. Simultaneously, BAI reduced the expression of nuclear NF-κB. Collectively, our results suggest that BAI ameliorates cognitive impairment in CCH-induced VD rats through its pro-remyelination and anti-inflammatory capacities, possibly by activating the Wnt/β-catenin and suppressing the NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China; Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Networks and Cognitive Disorders, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Tianyuan Guan
- Department of Neurology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Department of Neurology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China; Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Networks and Cognitive Disorders, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Qianqian Qi
- Department of Neurology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Zhenjie Teng
- Department of Neurology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China; Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Networks and Cognitive Disorders, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Yanhong Dong
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China; Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Networks and Cognitive Disorders, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Yaran Gao
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Meixi Li
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Nan Meng
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Peiyuan Lv
- Department of Neurology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China; Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Networks and Cognitive Disorders, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China.
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16
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Serrano‐Regal MP, Bayón‐Cordero L, Chara Ventura JC, Ochoa‐Bueno BI, Tepavcevic V, Matute C, Sánchez‐Gómez MV. GABA B receptor agonist baclofen promotes central nervous system remyelination. Glia 2022; 70:2426-2440. [PMID: 35980256 PMCID: PMC9804779 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Promoting remyelination is considered as a potential neurorepair strategy to prevent/limit the development of permanent neurological disability in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). To this end, a number of clinical trials are investigating the potential of existing drugs to enhance oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) differentiation, a process that fails in chronic MS lesions. We previously reported that oligodendroglia express GABAB receptors (GABAB Rs) both in vitro and in vivo, and that GABAB R-mediated signaling enhances OPC differentiation and myelin protein expression in vitro. Our goal here was to evaluate the pro-remyelinating potential of GABAB R agonist baclofen (Bac), a clinically approved drug to treat spasticity in patients with MS. We first demonstrated that Bac increases myelin protein production in lysolecithin (LPC)-treated cerebellar slices. Importantly, Bac administration to adult mice following induction of demyelination by LPC injection in the spinal cord resulted in enhanced OPC differentiation and remyelination. Thus, our results suggest that Bac repurposing should be considered as a potential therapeutic strategy to stimulate remyelination in patients with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Paz Serrano‐Regal
- Laboratory of NeurobiologyAchucarro Basque Center for NeuroscienceLeioaSpain,Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)LeioaSpain,Present address:
Grupo de Neuroinmuno‐ReparaciónHospital Nacional de Parapléjicos‐SESCAMToledoSpain
| | - Laura Bayón‐Cordero
- Laboratory of NeurobiologyAchucarro Basque Center for NeuroscienceLeioaSpain,Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)LeioaSpain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)LeioaSpain
| | - Juan Carlos Chara Ventura
- Laboratory of NeurobiologyAchucarro Basque Center for NeuroscienceLeioaSpain,Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)LeioaSpain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)LeioaSpain
| | - Blanca I. Ochoa‐Bueno
- Laboratory of NeurobiologyAchucarro Basque Center for NeuroscienceLeioaSpain,Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)LeioaSpain
| | - Vanja Tepavcevic
- Laboratory of NeurobiologyAchucarro Basque Center for NeuroscienceLeioaSpain
| | - Carlos Matute
- Laboratory of NeurobiologyAchucarro Basque Center for NeuroscienceLeioaSpain,Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)LeioaSpain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)LeioaSpain
| | - María Victoria Sánchez‐Gómez
- Laboratory of NeurobiologyAchucarro Basque Center for NeuroscienceLeioaSpain,Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)LeioaSpain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)LeioaSpain
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17
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Mu L, Xia D, Cai J, Gu B, Liu X, Friedman V, Liu QS, Zhao L. Treadmill Exercise Reduces Neuroinflammation, Glial Cell Activation and Improves Synaptic Transmission in the Prefrontal Cortex in 3 × Tg-AD Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12655. [PMID: 36293516 PMCID: PMC9604030 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise improves memory and cognition in physiological aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we test the hypothesis that Aβ oligomer accumulation, neuroinflammation, and glial cell activation may lead to disruption of synaptic transmission in the prefrontal cortex of 3 × Tg-AD Mice, resulting in impairment of learning and memory. On the other hand, treadmill exercise could prevent the pathogenesis and exert neuroprotective effects. Here, we used immunohistochemistry, western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and slice electrophysiology to analyze the levels of GSK3β, Aβ oligomers (Aβ dimers and trimers), pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα), the phosphorylation of CRMP2 at Thr514, and synaptic currents in pyramidal neurons in the prefrontal cortex. We show that 12-week treadmill exercise beginning in three-month-old mice led to the inhibition of GSK3β kinase activity, decreases in the levels of Aβ oligomers, pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα), and the phosphorylation of CRMP2 at Thr514, reduction of microglial and astrocyte activation, and improvement of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission of pyramidal neurons in the prefrontal cortex of 3 × Tg-AD Mice. Thus, treadmill exercise reduces neuroinflammation, glial cell activation and improves synaptic transmission in the prefrontal cortex in 3 × Tg-AD mice, possibly related to the inhibition of GSK3β kinase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianwei Mu
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Dongdong Xia
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiajia Cai
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Boya Gu
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaojie Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Vladislav Friedman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Qing-Song Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
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18
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Garcia-Martin G, Alcover-Sanchez B, Wandosell F, Cubelos B. Pathways Involved in Remyelination after Cerebral Ischemia. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:751-765. [PMID: 34151767 PMCID: PMC9878953 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210610093658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain ischemia, also known as ischemic stroke, occurs when there is a lack of blood supply into the brain. When an ischemic insult appears, both neurons and glial cells can react in several ways that will determine the severity and prognosis. This high heterogeneity of responses has been a major obstacle in developing effective treatments or preventive methods for stroke. Although white matter pathophysiology has not been deeply assessed in stroke, its remodelling can greatly influence the clinical outcome and the disability degree. Oligodendrocytes, the unique cell type implied in CNS myelination, are sensible to ischemic damage. Loss of myelin sheaths can compromise axon survival, so new Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells are required to restore brain function. Stroke can, therefore, enhance oligodendrogenesis to regenerate those new oligodendrocytes that will ensheath the damaged axons. Given that myelination is a highly complex process that requires coordination of multiple pathways such as Sonic Hedgehog, RTKs or Wnt/β-catenin, we will analyse new research highlighting their importance after brain ischemia. In addition, oligodendrocytes are not isolated cells inside the brain, but rather form part of a dynamic environment of interactions between neurons and glial cells. For this reason, we will put some context into how microglia and astrocytes react against stroke and influence oligodendrogenesis to highlight the relevance of remyelination in the ischemic brain. This will help to guide future studies to develop treatments focused on potentiating the ability of the brain to repair the damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Garcia-Martin
- Departamento de Biología Molecular and Centro Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa”, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Berta Alcover-Sanchez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular and Centro Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa”, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Wandosell
- Departamento de Biología Molecular and Centro Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa”, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Cubelos
- Departamento de Biología Molecular and Centro Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa”, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049 Madrid, Spain,Address correspondence to this author at the Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Nicolás Cabrera 1, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Tel: 34-91-1964561; Fax: 34-91-1964420; E-mail:
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Svirin E, Veniaminova E, Costa-Nunes JP, Gorlova A, Umriukhin A, Kalueff AV, Proshin A, Anthony DC, Nedorubov A, Tse ACK, Walitza S, Lim LW, Lesch KP, Strekalova T. Predation Stress Causes Excessive Aggression in Female Mice with Partial Genetic Inactivation of Tryptophan Hydroxylase-2: Evidence for Altered Myelination-Related Processes. Cells 2022; 11:cells11061036. [PMID: 35326487 PMCID: PMC8947002 DOI: 10.3390/cells11061036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction between brain serotonin (5-HT) deficiency and environmental adversity may predispose females to excessive aggression. Specifically, complete inactivation of the gene encoding tryptophan hydroxylase-2 (Tph2) results in the absence of neuronal 5-HT synthesis and excessive aggressiveness in both male and female null mutant (Tph2−/−) mice. In heterozygous male mice (Tph2+/−), there is a moderate reduction in brain 5-HT levels, and when they are exposed to stress, they exhibit increased aggression. Here, we exposed female Tph2+/− mice to a five-day rat predation stress paradigm and assessed their emotionality and social interaction/aggression-like behaviors. Tph2+/− females exhibited excessive aggression and increased dominant behavior. Stressed mutants displayed altered gene expression of the 5-HT receptors Htr1a and Htr2a, glycogen synthase kinase-3 β (GSK-3β), and c-fos as well as myelination-related transcripts in the prefrontal cortex: myelin basic protein (Mbp), proteolipid protein 1 (Plp1), myelin-associated glycoprotein (Mag), and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (Mog). The expression of the plasticity markers synaptophysin (Syp) and cAMP response element binding protein (Creb), but not AMPA receptor subunit A2 (GluA2), were affected by genotype. Moreover, in a separate experiment, naïve female Tph2+/− mice showed signs of enhanced stress resilience in the modified swim test with repeated swimming sessions. Taken together, the combination of a moderate reduction in brain 5-HT with environmental challenges results in behavioral changes in female mice that resemble the aggression-related behavior and resilience seen in stressed male mutants; additionally, the combination is comparable to the phenotype of null mutants lacking neuronal 5-HT. Changes in myelination-associated processes are suspected to underpin the molecular mechanisms leading to aggressive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniy Svirin
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (E.S.); (K.-P.L.)
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 125315 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Veniaminova
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Normal Physiology, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.V.); (J.P.C.-N.); (A.G.); (A.U.); (D.C.A.)
| | - João Pedro Costa-Nunes
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Normal Physiology, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.V.); (J.P.C.-N.); (A.G.); (A.U.); (D.C.A.)
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, New University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Anna Gorlova
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Normal Physiology, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.V.); (J.P.C.-N.); (A.G.); (A.U.); (D.C.A.)
| | - Aleksei Umriukhin
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Normal Physiology, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.V.); (J.P.C.-N.); (A.G.); (A.U.); (D.C.A.)
| | - Allan V. Kalueff
- Neuroscience Program, Sirius University, 354340 Sochi, Russia;
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, School of Biological and Medical Physics, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Ural Federal University, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Andrey Proshin
- P.K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Daniel C. Anthony
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Normal Physiology, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.V.); (J.P.C.-N.); (A.G.); (A.U.); (D.C.A.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Andrey Nedorubov
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Anna Chung Kwan Tse
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China;
| | - Susanne Walitza
- Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Lee Wei Lim
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China;
- Correspondence: or (L.W.L.); (T.S.); Tel.: +852-3917-6830 (L.W.L.); +31-43-38-84-108 (T.S.)
| | - Klaus-Peter Lesch
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (E.S.); (K.-P.L.)
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Normal Physiology, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.V.); (J.P.C.-N.); (A.G.); (A.U.); (D.C.A.)
| | - Tatyana Strekalova
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (E.S.); (K.-P.L.)
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 125315 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Normal Physiology, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.V.); (J.P.C.-N.); (A.G.); (A.U.); (D.C.A.)
- Correspondence: or (L.W.L.); (T.S.); Tel.: +852-3917-6830 (L.W.L.); +31-43-38-84-108 (T.S.)
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20
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Arciniegas Ruiz SM, Eldar-Finkelman H. Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Inhibitors: Preclinical and Clinical Focus on CNS-A Decade Onward. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 14:792364. [PMID: 35126052 PMCID: PMC8813766 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.792364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein kinase, GSK-3, participates in diverse biological processes and is now recognized a promising drug discovery target in treating multiple pathological conditions. Over the last decade, a range of newly developed GSK-3 inhibitors of diverse chemotypes and inhibition modes has been developed. Even more conspicuous is the dramatic increase in the indications that were tested from mood and behavior disorders, autism and cognitive disabilities, to neurodegeneration, brain injury and pain. Indeed, clinical and pre-clinical studies were largely expanded uncovering new mechanisms and novel insights into the contribution of GSK-3 to neurodegeneration and central nerve system (CNS)-related disorders. In this review we summarize new developments in the field and describe the use of GSK-3 inhibitors in the variety of CNS disorders. This remarkable volume of information being generated undoubtedly reflects the great interest, as well as the intense hope, in developing potent and safe GSK-3 inhibitors in clinical practice.
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21
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Nagu P, Sharma V, Behl T, Pathan AKA, Mehta V. Molecular Insights to the Wnt Signaling During Alzheimer's Disorder: a Potential Target for Therapeutic Interventions. J Mol Neurosci 2022; 72:679-690. [PMID: 34997460 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-021-01940-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In the adult brain, Wnt signaling is crucial for neurogenesis, and it also regulates neuronal development, neuronal maturation, neuronal differential, and proliferation. Impaired Wnt signaling pathways are associated with enhanced levels of amyloid-β, reduced β-catenin levels, and increased expression of GSK-3β enzyme, suggesting its direct association with the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disorder (AD). These findings are consolidated by reports where activation of Wnt signaling by genetic factors and pharmacological intervention has improved the cognitive functions in animals and restored neurogenesis in the adult brain. Various natural and synthetic molecules have been identified that modulate Wnt signaling in the adult brain and promote neurogenesis and alleviate behavioral dysfunction. These molecules include lithium, valproic acid, ethosuximide, selenomethionine, curcumin, andrographolide, xanthoceraside, huperzine A, pyridostigmine, ginkgolide-B, ricinine, cannabidiol, and resveratrol. These molecules are associated with the DKK1 and GSK-3β inhibition and β-catenin stabilization along with their effects on neurogenesis, neuronal proliferation, and differentiation in the hippocampus through modulation of Wnt signaling and thereby could prove beneficial in the management of AD pathogenesis. Although modulation of the Wnt signaling seems to suggest to be promising in the management of AD, unfortunately, most of the literature available for the association of Wnt signaling and AD pathogenesis is either from preclinical studies or post-mortem brain. Therefore, it will be interesting to understand the role of Wnt signaling in AD patients, and a rigorous investigation could provide us with a better understanding of AD pathogenesis and the identification of novel targets for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Nagu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shri Jagdishprasad Jhabarmal Tibrewala University, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan, India.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Government College of Pharmacy, Rohru, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Vivek Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India.,Department of Pharmacology, Government College of Pharmacy, Himachal Pradesh 171207, Rohru, District Shimla, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Amjad Khan A Pathan
- Department of Pharmacy, Shri Jagdishprasad Jhabarmal Tibrewala University, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vineet Mehta
- Department of Pharmacology, Government College of Pharmacy, Himachal Pradesh 171207, Rohru, District Shimla, India.
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22
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Ali M, Ribeiro MM, Del Sol A. Computational Methods to Identify Cell-Fate Determinants, Identity Transcription Factors, and Niche-Induced Signaling Pathways for Stem Cell Research. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2471:83-109. [PMID: 35175592 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2193-6_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The large-scale development of high-throughput sequencing technologies has not only allowed the generation of reliable omics data related to various regulatory layers but also the development of novel computational models in the field of stem cell research. These computational approaches have enabled the disentangling of a complex interplay between these interrelated layers of regulation by interpreting large quantities of biomedical data in a systematic way. In the context of stem cell research, network modeling of complex gene-gene interactions has been successfully used for understanding the mechanisms underlying stem cell differentiation and cellular conversion. Notably, it has proven helpful for predicting cell-fate determinants and signaling molecules controlling such processes. This chapter will provide an overview of various computational approaches that rely on single-cell and/or bulk RNA sequencing data for elucidating the molecular underpinnings of cell subpopulation identities, lineage specification, and the process of cell-fate decisions. Furthermore, we discuss how these computational methods provide the right framework for computational modeling of biological systems in order to address long-standing challenges in the stem cell field by guiding experimental efforts in stem cell research and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ali
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Mariana Messias Ribeiro
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Antonio Del Sol
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg.
- CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.
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23
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Rivera AD, Pieropan F, Williams G, Calzolari F, Butt AM, Azim K. Drug connectivity mapping and functional analysis reveal therapeutic small molecules that differentially modulate myelination. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 145:112436. [PMID: 34813998 PMCID: PMC8664715 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Disruption or loss of oligodendrocytes (OLs) and myelin has devastating effects on CNS function and integrity, which occur in diverse neurological disorders, including Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer's disease and neuropsychiatric disorders. Hence, there is a need to develop new therapies that promote oligodendrocyte regeneration and myelin repair. A promising approach is drug repurposing, but most agents have potentially contrasting biological actions depending on the cellular context and their dose-dependent effects on intracellular pathways. Here, we have used a combined systems biology and neurobiological approach to identify compounds that exert positive and negative effects on oligodendroglia, depending on concentration. Notably, next generation pharmacogenomic analysis identified the PI3K/Akt modulator LY294002 as the most highly ranked small molecule with both pro- and anti-oligodendroglial concentration-dependent effects. We validated these in silico findings using multidisciplinary approaches to reveal a profoundly bipartite effect of LY294002 on the generation of OPCs and their differentiation into myelinating oligodendrocytes in both postnatal and adult contexts. Finally, we employed transcriptional profiling and signalling pathway activity assays to determine cell-specific mechanisms of action of LY294002 on oligodendrocytes and resolve optimal in vivo conditions required to promote myelin repair. These results demonstrate the power of multidisciplinary strategies in determining the therapeutic potential of small molecules in neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Rivera
- Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, St Michael's Building, White Swan Road, PO1 2DT Portsmouth, UK; Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
| | - F Pieropan
- Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, St Michael's Building, White Swan Road, PO1 2DT Portsmouth, UK
| | - G Williams
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, UK
| | - F Calzolari
- Research Group Adult Neurogenesis & Cellular Reprogramming Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Hanns-Dieter-Hüsch-Weg 19, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - A M Butt
- Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, St Michael's Building, White Swan Road, PO1 2DT Portsmouth, UK
| | - K Azim
- Department of Neurology, Neuroregeneration, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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24
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Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a complex group of neuropsychiatric disorders, typically comprising both manic and depressive episodes. The underlying neuropathology of BD is not established, but a consistent feature is progressive thinning of cortical grey matter (GM) and white matter (WM) in specific pathways, due to loss of subpopulations of neurons and astrocytes, with accompanying disturbance of connectivity. Dysregulation of astrocyte homeostatic functions are implicated in BD, notably regulation of glutamate, calcium signalling, circadian rhythms and metabolism. Furthermore, the beneficial therapeutic effects of the frontline treatments for BD are due at least in part to their positive actions on astrocytes, notably lithium, valproic acid (VPA) and carbamazepine (CBZ), as well as antidepressants and antipsychotics that are used in the management of this disorder. Treatments for BD are ineffective in a large proportion of cases, and astrocytes represent new therapeutic targets that can also serve as biomarkers of illness progression and treatment responsiveness in BD.
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25
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Binamé F, Pham-Van LD, Bagnard D. Manipulating oligodendrocyte intrinsic regeneration mechanism to promote remyelination. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:5257-5273. [PMID: 34019104 PMCID: PMC11073109 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03852-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In demyelinated lesions, astrocytes, activated microglia and infiltrating macrophages secrete several factors regulating oligodendrocyte precursor cells' behaviour. What appears to be the initiation of an intrinsic mechanism of myelin repair is only leading to partial recovery and inefficient remyelination, a process worsening over the course of the disease. This failure is largely due to the concomitant accumulation of inhibitory cues in and around the lesion sites opposing to growth promoting factors. Here starts a complex game of interactions between the signalling pathways controlling oligodendrocytes migration or differentiation. Receptors of positive or negative cues are modulating Ras, PI3K or RhoGTPases pathways acting on oligodendrocyte cytoskeleton remodelling. From the description of this intricate signalling network, this review addresses the extent to which the modulation of the global response to inhibitory cues may pave the route towards novel therapeutic approaches for myelin repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Binamé
- INSERM U1119, Biopathology of Myelin, Neuroprotection and Therapeutic Strategy (BMNST Lab), Labex Medalis, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Pôle API, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie, 300 Boulevard Sébastien Brant, 67412, Illkirch, France
| | - Lucas D Pham-Van
- INSERM U1119, Biopathology of Myelin, Neuroprotection and Therapeutic Strategy (BMNST Lab), Labex Medalis, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Pôle API, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie, 300 Boulevard Sébastien Brant, 67412, Illkirch, France
| | - Dominique Bagnard
- INSERM U1119, Biopathology of Myelin, Neuroprotection and Therapeutic Strategy (BMNST Lab), Labex Medalis, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Pôle API, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie, 300 Boulevard Sébastien Brant, 67412, Illkirch, France.
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26
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Potential Roles of the WNT Signaling Pathway in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040839. [PMID: 33917816 PMCID: PMC8068170 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The WNT signaling pathway plays an important role in the physiological and pathophysiological processes of the central nervous system and the neurodegenerative disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We reviewed the literature pertinent to WNT/β–catenin signaling in ALS from cellular studies, animal models, and human clinical trials. WNT, WNT receptors, and other components of the WNT signaling pathway are expressed in both ALS patients and transgenic mice, and are involved in the pathogenesis of ALS. Studies have shown that abnormal activation of the WNT/β–catenin signaling pathway is related to neuronal degeneration and glial cell proliferation. WNT/Ca2+ signaling is associated with the pro–inflammatory phenotype of microglia; data on the muscle skeletal receptor Tyr kinase receptor in superoxide dismutase–1–G93A mice indicate that gene therapy is necessary for successful treatment of ALS. The varying profiles of lipoprotein receptor–related protein 4 antibodies in different ethnic groups suggest that individual treatment and multifactorial personalized approaches may be necessary for effective ALS therapy. In conclusion, the WNT signaling pathway is important to the ALS disease process, making it a likely therapeutic target.
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27
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Li C, Xie Z, Xing Z, Zhu H, Zhou W, Xie S, Zhang Z, Li MH. The Notch Signaling Pathway Regulates Differentiation of NG2 Cells into Oligodendrocytes in Demyelinating Diseases. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 42:1-11. [PMID: 33826017 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01089-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
NG2 cells are highly proliferative glial cells that can self-renew or differentiate into oligodendrocytes, promoting remyelination. Following demyelination, the proliferative and differentiation potentials of NG2 cells increase rapidly, enhancing their differentiation into functional myelinating cells. Levels of the transcription factors Olig1 and Olig2 increase during the differentiation of NG2 cells and play important roles in the development and repair of oligodendrocytes. However, the ability to generate new oligodendrocytes is hampered by injury-related factors (e.g., myelin fragments, Wnt and Notch signaling components), leading to failed differentiation and maturation of NG2 cells into oligodendrocytes. Here, we review Notch signaling as a negative regulator of oligodendrocyte differentiation and discuss the extracellular ligands, intracellular pathways, and key transcription factors involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcai Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17 Yongwai Zheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiping Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17 Yongwai Zheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zelong Xing
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17 Yongwai Zheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaxin Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17 Yongwai Zheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wu Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17 Yongwai Zheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenke Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17 Yongwai Zheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixiong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17 Yongwai Zheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Hua Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17 Yongwai Zheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
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28
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Rivera AD, Pieropan F, Chacon‐De‐La‐Rocha I, Lecca D, Abbracchio MP, Azim K, Butt AM. Functional genomic analyses highlight a shift in Gpr17-regulated cellular processes in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and underlying myelin dysregulation in the aged mouse cerebrum. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13335. [PMID: 33675110 PMCID: PMC8045941 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain ageing is characterised by a decline in neuronal function and associated cognitive deficits. There is increasing evidence that myelin disruption is an important factor that contributes to the age-related loss of brain plasticity and repair responses. In the brain, myelin is produced by oligodendrocytes, which are generated throughout life by oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). Currently, a leading hypothesis points to ageing as a major reason for the ultimate breakdown of remyelination in Multiple Sclerosis (MS). However, an incomplete understanding of the cellular and molecular processes underlying brain ageing hinders the development of regenerative strategies. Here, our combined systems biology and neurobiological approach demonstrate that oligodendroglial and myelin genes are amongst the most altered in the ageing mouse cerebrum. This was underscored by the identification of causal links between signalling pathways and their downstream transcriptional networks that define oligodendroglial disruption in ageing. The results highlighted that the G-protein coupled receptor Gpr17 is central to the disruption of OPCs in ageing and this was confirmed by genetic fate-mapping and cellular analyses. Finally, we used systems biology strategies to identify therapeutic agents that rejuvenate OPCs and restore myelination in age-related neuropathological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea D. Rivera
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical ScienceUniversity of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK
- Department of NeuroscienceInstitute of Human AnatomyUniversity of PaduaPaduaItaly
| | - Francesca Pieropan
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical ScienceUniversity of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK
| | | | - Davide Lecca
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
| | | | - Kasum Azim
- Department of NeurologyNeuroregenerationMedical FacultyHeinrich‐Heine‐UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Arthur M. Butt
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical ScienceUniversity of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK
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29
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White matter injury in infants with intraventricular haemorrhage: mechanisms and therapies. Nat Rev Neurol 2021; 17:199-214. [PMID: 33504979 PMCID: PMC8880688 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-020-00447-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) continues to be a major complication of prematurity that can result in cerebral palsy and cognitive impairment in survivors. No optimal therapy exists to prevent IVH or to treat its consequences. IVH varies in severity and can present as a bleed confined to the germinal matrix, small-to-large IVH or periventricular haemorrhagic infarction. Moderate-to-severe haemorrhage dilates the ventricle and damages the periventricular white matter. This white matter injury results from a constellation of blood-induced pathological reactions, including oxidative stress, glutamate excitotoxicity, inflammation, perturbed signalling pathways and remodelling of the extracellular matrix. Potential therapies for IVH are currently undergoing investigation in preclinical models and evidence from clinical trials suggests that stem cell treatment and/or endoscopic removal of clots from the cerebral ventricles could transform the outcome of infants with IVH. This Review presents an integrated view of new insights into the mechanisms underlying white matter injury in premature infants with IVH and highlights the importance of early detection of disability and immediate intervention in optimizing the outcomes of IVH survivors.
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30
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Shahsavani N, Kataria H, Karimi-Abdolrezaee S. Mechanisms and repair strategies for white matter degeneration in CNS injury and diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166117. [PMID: 33667627 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
White matter degeneration is an important pathophysiological event of the central nervous system that is collectively characterized by demyelination, oligodendrocyte loss, axonal degeneration and parenchymal changes that can result in sensory, motor, autonomic and cognitive impairments. White matter degeneration can occur due to a variety of causes including trauma, neurotoxic exposure, insufficient blood flow, neuroinflammation, and developmental and inherited neuropathies. Regardless of the etiology, the degeneration processes share similar pathologic features. In recent years, a plethora of cellular and molecular mechanisms have been identified for axon and oligodendrocyte degeneration including oxidative damage, calcium overload, neuroinflammatory events, activation of proteases, depletion of adenosine triphosphate and energy supply. Extensive efforts have been also made to develop neuroprotective and neuroregenerative approaches for white matter repair. However, less progress has been achieved in this area mainly due to the complexity and multifactorial nature of the degeneration processes. Here, we will provide a timely review on the current understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of white matter degeneration and will also discuss recent pharmacological and cellular therapeutic approaches for white matter protection as well as axonal regeneration, oligodendrogenesis and remyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narjes Shahsavani
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Regenerative Medicine Program, Spinal Cord Research Centre, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Hardeep Kataria
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Regenerative Medicine Program, Spinal Cord Research Centre, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Soheila Karimi-Abdolrezaee
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Regenerative Medicine Program, Spinal Cord Research Centre, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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Ermakov EA, Dmitrieva EM, Parshukova DA, Kazantseva DV, Vasilieva AR, Smirnova LP. Oxidative Stress-Related Mechanisms in Schizophrenia Pathogenesis and New Treatment Perspectives. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8881770. [PMID: 33552387 PMCID: PMC7847339 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8881770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is recognized to be a highly heterogeneous disease at various levels, from genetics to clinical manifestations and treatment sensitivity. This heterogeneity is also reflected in the variety of oxidative stress-related mechanisms contributing to the phenotypic realization and manifestation of schizophrenia. At the molecular level, these mechanisms are supposed to include genetic causes that increase the susceptibility of individuals to oxidative stress and lead to gene expression dysregulation caused by abnormal regulation of redox-sensitive transcriptional factors, noncoding RNAs, and epigenetic mechanisms favored by environmental insults. These changes form the basis of the prooxidant state and lead to altered redox signaling related to glutathione deficiency and impaired expression and function of redox-sensitive transcriptional factors (Nrf2, NF-κB, FoxO, etc.). At the cellular level, these changes lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic abnormalities that contribute to aberrant neuronal development, abnormal myelination, neurotransmitter anomalies, and dysfunction of parvalbumin-positive interneurons. Immune dysfunction also contributes to redox imbalance. At the whole-organism level, all these mechanisms ultimately contribute to the manifestation and development of schizophrenia. In this review, we consider oxidative stress-related mechanisms and new treatment perspectives associated with the correction of redox imbalance in schizophrenia. We suggest that not only antioxidants but also redox-regulated transcription factor-targeting drugs (including Nrf2 and FoxO activators or NF-κB inhibitors) have great promise in schizophrenia. But it is necessary to develop the stratification criteria of schizophrenia patients based on oxidative stress-related markers for the administration of redox-correcting treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny A. Ermakov
- Laboratory of Repair Enzymes, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Elena M. Dmitrieva
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634014, Russia
| | - Daria A. Parshukova
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634014, Russia
| | | | | | - Liudmila P. Smirnova
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634014, Russia
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Chao FL, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Jiang L, Zhou CN, Tang J, Liang X, Fan JH, Dou XY, Tang Y. Fluoxetine Promotes Hippocampal Oligodendrocyte Maturation and Delays Learning and Memory Decline in APP/PS1 Mice. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 12:627362. [PMID: 33519426 PMCID: PMC7838348 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.627362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrogenesis dysfunction impairs memory consolidation in adult mice, and an oligodendrocyte abnormality is an important change occurring in Alzheimer's disease (AD). While fluoxetine (FLX) is known to delay memory decline in AD models, its effects on hippocampal oligodendrogenesis are unclear. Here, we subjected 8-month-old male amyloid precursor protein (APP)/presenilin 1 (PS1) mice to the FLX intervention for 2 months. Their exploratory behaviors and general activities in a novel environment, spatial learning and memory and working and reference memory were assessed using the open-field test, Morris water maze, and Y maze. Furthermore, changes in hippocampal oligodendrogenesis were investigated using stereology, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence staining, and Western blotting techniques. FLX delayed declines in the spatial learning and memory, as well as the working and reference memory of APP/PS1 mice. In addition, APP/PS1 mice exhibited immature hippocampal oligodendrogenesis, and FLX increased the numbers of 2'3'cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNPase)+ and newborn CNPase+ oligodendrocytes in the hippocampi of APP/PS1 mice. Moreover, FLX increased the density of SRY-related HMG-box 10 protein (SOX10)+ cells and reduced the percentage of oligodendrocyte lineage cells displaying the senescence phenotype (CDKN2A/p16INK4a) in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. Moreover, FLX had no effect on the serotonin (5-HT) 1A receptor (5-HT1AR) content or number of 5-HT1AR+ oligodendrocytes, but it reduced the content and activity of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Taken together, FLX delays the senescence of oligodendrocyte lineage cells and promotes oligodendrocyte maturation in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. FLX may regulate GSK3β through a mechanism other than 5-HT1AR and then inhibit the negative effect of GSK3β on oligodendrocyte maturation in the hippocampus of an AD mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Lei Chao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Experimental Teaching Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chun-Ni Zhou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Tang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Liang
- Department of Physiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin-Hua Fan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Dou
- Academy of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Tang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Tian J, Li X, Zhao L, Shen P, Wang Z, Zhu L, Li C, Su C, Zhang Y. Glycyrrhizic acid promotes neural repair by directly driving functional remyelination. Food Funct 2020; 11:992-1005. [PMID: 31808502 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01459d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Natural compounds are a rich source of effective candidate drugs for the treatment of neurological disorders. Glycyrrhizic acid (GA), the major water-soluble ingredient isolated from Glycyrrhiza glabra, is reported to show anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. However, its effect on CNS demyelinating disease is unclear. In this study, we showed that GA ameliorated the clinical disease severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS), especially at the chronic stage of clinical EAE. Histological evaluation demonstrated that, in the prophylactic treatment regimen, GA significantly inhibited inflammatory demyelination in the CNS. During the chronic stage when myelin and axon damage has already occurred, GA induced oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) differentiation into mature oligodendrocytes, thus effectively accelerating remyelination. Evidence from the cuprizone-induced mouse model of de- and remyelination, ex vivo organotypic slice cultures, and in vitro OPC maturation experiments indicated that the observed efficacy of this compound resulted directly from enhanced remyelination rather than immune suppression. Furthermore, we found that GA promoted oligodendrocyte maturation through modulating GSK-3β signaling pathways. Our data led to the conclusion that GA could be used as a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of demyelinating diseases such as MS, which remains refractory to available treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tian
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China.
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Dong F, Liu D, Jiang F, Liu Y, Wu X, Qu X, Liu J, Chen Y, Fan H, Yao R. Conditional Deletion of Foxg1 Alleviates Demyelination and Facilitates Remyelination via the Wnt Signaling Pathway in Cuprizone-Induced Demyelinated Mice. Neurosci Bull 2020; 37:15-30. [PMID: 33015737 PMCID: PMC7811968 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-020-00583-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The massive loss of oligodendrocytes caused by various pathological factors is a basic feature of many demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). Based on a variety of studies, it is now well established that impairment of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) to differentiate and remyelinate axons is a vital event in the failed treatment of demyelinating diseases. Recent evidence suggests that Foxg1 is essential for the proliferation of certain precursors and inhibits premature neurogenesis during brain development. To date, very little attention has been paid to the role of Foxg1 in the proliferation and differentiation of OPCs in demyelinating diseases of the CNS. Here, for the first time, we examined the effects of Foxg1 on demyelination and remyelination in the brain using a cuprizone (CPZ)-induced mouse model. In this work, 7-week-old Foxg1 conditional knockout and wild-type (WT) mice were fed a diet containing 0.2% CPZ w/w for 5 weeks, after which CPZ was withdrawn to enable remyelination. Our results demonstrated that, compared with WT mice, Foxg1-knockout mice exhibited not only alleviated demyelination but also accelerated remyelination of the demyelinated corpus callosum. Furthermore, we found that Foxg1 knockout decreased the proliferation of OPCs and accelerated their differentiation into mature oligodendrocytes both in vivo and in vitro. Wnt signaling plays a critical role in development and in a variety of diseases. GSK-3β, a key regulatory kinase in the Wnt pathway, regulates the ability of β-catenin to enter nuclei, where it activates the expression of Wnt target genes. We then used SB216763, a selective inhibitor of GSK-3β activity, to further demonstrate the regulatory mechanism by which Foxg1 affects OPCs in vitro. The results showed that SB216763 clearly inhibited the expression of GSK-3β, which abolished the effect of the proliferation and differentiation of OPCs caused by the knockdown of Foxg1. These results suggest that Foxg1 is involved in the proliferation and differentiation of OPCs through the Wnt signaling pathway. The present experimental results are some of the first to suggest that Foxg1 is a new therapeutic target for the treatment of demyelinating diseases of the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuxing Dong
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
- Public Experimental Research Center, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Dajin Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Feiyu Jiang
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yaping Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Xiuxiang Wu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Xuebin Qu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Hongbin Fan
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221006, China.
| | - Ruiqin Yao
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
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Dcf1 deficiency induces hypomyelination by activating Wnt signaling. Exp Neurol 2020; 335:113486. [PMID: 32991932 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Myelination is extremely important in achieving neural function. Hypomyelination causes a variety of neurological diseases. However, little is known about how hypomyelination occurs. Here we investigated the effect of dendritic cell factor 1(Dcf1) on myelination, using in vitro and in vivo models and found that Dcf1 is essential for normal myelination, motor coordination and balance. Lack of Dcf1 downregulated myelin-associated proteins, such as myelin basic protein (MBP), myelin associated glycoprotein (MAG), and 2'3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNPase) in the hippocampus and corpus callosum of Dcf1-null mice, as a result, the myelin sheath of these mice became thinner. Transmission electron microscopy revealed hypomyelination in Dcf1-deficient mice. Motor coordination and balance tests confirmed impaired neurological function in Dcf1-null mice. Gain-of-function analysis via In utero electroporation showed that hypomyelination could be rescued by re-expression of Dcf1 in Dcf1-null mouse brain. Dcf1-null mice exhibited a phenotype similar to that of cuprizone-induced demyelinated mice, thereby supporting the finding of hypomyelination caused by Dcf1 knockout. Mechanistically, we further revealed that insufficient Dcf1 leads to hyperactivation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Our work describes the role of Dcf1 in maintaining normal myelination, and this could help improve the current understanding of hypomyelination and its pathogenesis.
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36
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R-Ras GTPases Signaling Role in Myelin Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165911. [PMID: 32824627 PMCID: PMC7460555 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelination is required for fast and efficient synaptic transmission in vertebrates. In the central nervous system, oligodendrocytes are responsible for creating myelin sheaths that isolate and protect axons, even throughout adulthood. However, when myelin is lost, the failure of remyelination mechanisms can cause neurodegenerative myelin-associated pathologies. From oligodendrocyte progenitor cells to mature myelinating oligodendrocytes, myelination is a highly complex process that involves many elements of cellular signaling, yet many of the mechanisms that coordinate it, remain unknown. In this review, we will focus on the three major pathways involved in myelination (PI3K/Akt/mTOR, ERK1/2-MAPK, and Wnt/β-catenin) and recent advances describing the crosstalk elements which help to regulate them. In addition, we will review the tight relation between Ras GTPases and myelination processes and discuss its potential as novel elements of crosstalk between the pathways. A better understanding of the crosstalk elements orchestrating myelination mechanisms is essential to identify new potential targets to mitigate neurodegeneration.
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37
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Gas6 Induces Myelination through Anti-Inflammatory IL-10 and TGF-β Upregulation in White Matter and Glia. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081779. [PMID: 32722558 PMCID: PMC7465828 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Gas6–TAM (Tyro3, Axl, Mer) ligand–receptor system is believed to promote central nervous system (CNS) (re)myelination and glial cell development. An additional important function of Gas6–TAM signalling appears to be the regulation of immunity and inflammation, which remains to be fully elucidated in the CNS. Here, we characterised the expression of TAM receptors and ligands in individual CNS glial cell types, observing high expression of Gas6 and the TAM receptors, Mer and Axl, in microglia, and high expression of Tyro3 in astrocytes. We also investigated the effect of Gas6 on the inflammatory cytokine response in the optic nerve and in mixed glial cell cultures from wildtype and single TAM receptor knockout mice. In wildtype and Mer-deficient cultures, Gas6 significantly stimulated the expression of the anti-inflammatory/pro-repair cytokines interleukin 10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), whereas this effect was absent in either Tyro3 or Axl knockout cultures. Furthermore, Gas6 caused upregulation of myelin basic protein (MBP) expression in optic nerves, which was blocked by a neutralising antibody against IL-10. In conclusion, our data show that microglia are both a major source of Gas6 as well as an effector of Gas6 action in the CNS through the upregulation of anti-inflammatory and pro-repair mediators. Furthermore, the presence of both Axl and Tyro3 receptors appears to be necessary for these effects of Gas6. In addition, IL-10, alongside suppressing inflammation and immunity, mediates the pro-myelinating mechanism of Gas6 action in the optic nerve. Therefore, Gas6 may present an attractive target for novel therapeutic interventions for demyelinating as well as neuroinflammatory disorders of the CNS.
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38
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Glia and Neural Stem and Progenitor Cells of the Healthy and Ischemic Brain: The Workplace for the Wnt Signaling Pathway. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11070804. [PMID: 32708801 PMCID: PMC7397164 DOI: 10.3390/genes11070804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling plays an important role in the self-renewal, fate-commitment and survival of the neural stem/progenitor cells (NS/PCs) of the adult central nervous system (CNS). Ischemic stroke impairs the proper functioning of the CNS and, therefore, active Wnt signaling may prevent, ameliorate, or even reverse the negative effects of ischemic brain injury. In this review, we provide the current knowledge of Wnt signaling in the adult CNS, its status in diverse cell types, and the Wnt pathway’s impact on the properties of NS/PCs and glial cells in the context of ischemic injury. Finally, we summarize promising strategies that might be considered for stroke therapy, and we outline possible future directions of the field.
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Gouvêa-Junqueira D, Falvella ACB, Antunes ASLM, Seabra G, Brandão-Teles C, Martins-de-Souza D, Crunfli F. Novel Treatment Strategies Targeting Myelin and Oligodendrocyte Dysfunction in Schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:379. [PMID: 32425837 PMCID: PMC7203658 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes are the glial cells responsible for the formation of the myelin sheath around axons. During neurodevelopment, oligodendrocytes undergo maturation and differentiation, and later remyelination in adulthood. Abnormalities in these processes have been associated with behavioral and cognitive dysfunctions and the development of various mental illnesses like schizophrenia. Several studies have implicated oligodendrocyte dysfunction and myelin abnormalities in the disorder, together with altered expression of myelin-related genes such as Olig2, CNP, and NRG1. However, the molecular mechanisms subjacent of these alterations remain elusive. Schizophrenia is a severe, chronic psychiatric disorder affecting more than 23 million individuals worldwide and its symptoms usually appear at the beginning of adulthood. Currently, the major therapeutic strategy for schizophrenia relies on the use of antipsychotics. Despite their widespread use, the effects of antipsychotics on glial cells, especially oligodendrocytes, remain unclear. Thus, in this review we highlight the current knowledge regarding oligodendrocyte dysfunction in schizophrenia, compiling data from (epi)genetic studies and up-to-date models to investigate the role of oligodendrocytes in the disorder. In addition, we examined potential targets currently investigated for the improvement of schizophrenia symptoms. Research in this area has been investigating potential beneficial compounds, including the D-amino acids D-aspartate and D-serine, that act as NMDA receptor agonists, modulating the glutamatergic signaling; the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine, a precursor in the synthesis of glutathione, protecting against the redox imbalance; as well as lithium, an inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) signaling, contributing to oligodendrocyte survival and functioning. In conclusion, there is strong evidence linking oligodendrocyte dysfunction to the development of schizophrenia. Hence, a better understanding of oligodendrocyte differentiation, as well as the effects of antipsychotic medication in these cells, could have potential implications for understanding the development of schizophrenia and finding new targets for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Gouvêa-Junqueira
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ana Caroline Brambilla Falvella
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - André Saraiva Leão Marcelo Antunes
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Seabra
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Caroline Brandão-Teles
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Daniel Martins-de-Souza
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Experimental Medicine Research Cluster (EMRC), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Biomarcadores em Neuropsiquiatria, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, São Paulo, Brazil
- D′Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Crunfli
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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40
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Liu Y, Liu S, Pan S, Gong Q, Yao J, Lu Z. The dynamic expression of canonical Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway in the pathologic process of experimental autoimmune neuritis. Int J Neurosci 2020; 130:1109-1117. [PMID: 32009498 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2020.1725511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), an autoimmune disease and an acute inflammation disorder, is currently the most frequent cause of acute flaccid paralysis worldwide. EAN, an animal model of GBS, is a CD4+ T cell-mediated autoimmune disease of the PNS. Wnt/β-catenin signals are critically important to several fundamental aspects of peripheral nerve development and play a crucial role in Schwann cell proliferation. Here, we investigate the role of Wnt/β-catenin signalling cascades in EAN rats.Methods: 28 male Lewis rats weighing 170 ± 10 g were randomly divided into control group (n = 7) and EAN groups (Early group; Peak group and Recovery group. n = 7 per group). EAN rats were immunized with P257-81 peptide; weighed daily, and the neurologic signs of EAN were evaluated every day. The sciatic nerve was taken on the days 10, 17, and 30 p.i. for H&E staining, transmission electron microscopy and immunohistochemical staining; blood samples were collected weekly from caudal vein to detect IFN-γ, IL-4, TGF-β1; and the sciatic nerve was taken to examinate the dynamics expression of Wnt/β-catenin pathway molecules.Results: In our study, we chose tail-root injection to better model GBS. Moreover, we observed that IFN-γ levels paralleled clinical EAN, and the levels of TGF-β1 and IL-4 gradually increased and peaked in the recovery phase. In addition, we have shown that canonical Wnt signalling is upregulated and reached a peak in the late recovery phase.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that Wnt/β-catenin signalling is associated with the promotion of remyelination in EAN rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Liu
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P.R. China
| | - Shuping Liu
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P.R. China
| | - Sijia Pan
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P.R. China
| | - Qiaoyu Gong
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P.R. China
| | - Jiajia Yao
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P.R. China
| | - Zuneng Lu
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P.R. China
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Zhou L, Shao CY, Xie YJ, Wang N, Xu SM, Luo BY, Wu ZY, Ke YH, Qiu M, Shen Y. Gab1 mediates PDGF signaling and is essential to oligodendrocyte differentiation and CNS myelination. eLife 2020; 9:52056. [PMID: 31944179 PMCID: PMC6984811 DOI: 10.7554/elife.52056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes (OLs) myelinate axons and provide electrical insulation and trophic support for neurons in the central nervous system (CNS). Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is critical for steady-state number and differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), but its downstream targets are unclear. Here, we show for the first time that Gab1, an adaptor protein of receptor tyrosine kinase, is specifically expressed in OL lineage cells and is an essential effector of PDGF signaling in OPCs in mice. Gab1 is downregulated by PDGF stimulation and upregulated during OPC differentiation. Conditional deletions of Gab1 in OLs cause CNS hypomyelination by affecting OPC differentiation. Moreover, Gab1 binds to downstream GSK3β and regulated its activity, and thereby affects the nuclear accumulation of β-catenin and the expression of a number of transcription factors critical to myelination. Our work uncovers a novel downstream target of PDGF signaling, which is essential to OPC differentiation and CNS myelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhou
- Department of Physiology of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Guizhou Institution of Higher Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Chong-Yu Shao
- Department of Physiology of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Jun Xie
- Department of Physiology of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Na Wang
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Si-Min Xu
- Department of Physiology of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ben-Yan Luo
- Department of Physiology of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Ying Wu
- Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Hai Ke
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengsheng Qiu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Shen
- Department of Physiology of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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42
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Ma G, Liu C, Hashim J, Conley G, Morriss N, Meehan WP, Qiu J, Mannix R. Memantine Mitigates Oligodendrocyte Damage after Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. Neuroscience 2019; 421:152-161. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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43
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Dysregulation of Hyaluronan Homeostasis During White Matter Injury. Neurochem Res 2019; 45:672-683. [PMID: 31542857 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02879-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although the extra cellular matrix (ECM) comprises a major proportion of the CNS parenchyma, new roles for the ECM in regeneration and repair responses to CNS injury have only recently been appreciated. The ECM undergoes extensive remodeling following injury to the developing or mature CNS in disorders that -include perinatal hypoxic-ischemic cerebral injury, multiple sclerosis and age-related vascular dementia. Here we focus on recently described mechanisms involving hyaluronan (HA), which negatively impact myelin repair after cerebral white matter injury. Injury induced depolymerization of hyaluronan (HA)-a component of the neural ECM-can inhibit myelin repair through the actions of specific sizes of HA fragments. These bioactive fragments selectively block the maturation of late oligodendrocyte progenitors via an immune tolerance-like pathway that suppresses pro-myelination signaling. We highlight emerging new pathophysiological roles of the neural ECM, particularly of those played by HA fragments (HAf) after injury and discuss strategies to promoter repair and regeneration of chronic myelination failure.
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44
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Rivera AD, Butt AM. Astrocytes are direct cellular targets of lithium treatment: novel roles for lysyl oxidase and peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor-γ as astroglial targets of lithium. Transl Psychiatry 2019; 9:211. [PMID: 31477687 PMCID: PMC6718419 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-019-0542-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes are multifunctional glial cells that play essential roles in supporting synaptic signalling and white matter-associated connectivity. There is increasing evidence that astrocyte dysfunction is involved in several brain disorders, including bipolar disorder (BD), depression and schizophrenia. The mood stabiliser lithium is a frontline treatment for BD, but the mechanisms of action remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that astrocytes are direct targets of lithium and identify unique astroglial transcriptional networks that regulate specific molecular changes in astrocytes associated with BD and schizophrenia, together with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Using pharmacogenomic analyses, we identified novel roles for the extracellular matrix (ECM) regulatory enzyme lysyl oxidase (LOX) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) as profound regulators of astrocyte morphogenesis. This study unravels new pathophysiological mechanisms in astrocytes that have potential as novel biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for regulating astroglial responses in diverse neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea D. Rivera
- 0000 0001 0728 6636grid.4701.2Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, St Michael’s Building, White Swan Road, Portsmouth, PO1 2DT UK
| | - Arthur M. Butt
- 0000 0001 0728 6636grid.4701.2Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, St Michael’s Building, White Swan Road, Portsmouth, PO1 2DT UK
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45
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Serrano-Regal MP, Luengas-Escuza I, Bayón-Cordero L, Ibarra-Aizpurua N, Alberdi E, Pérez-Samartín A, Matute C, Sánchez-Gómez MV. Oligodendrocyte Differentiation and Myelination Is Potentiated via GABA B Receptor Activation. Neuroscience 2019; 439:163-180. [PMID: 31349008 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) into mature oligodendrocytes (OLs) is a key event for axonal myelination in the central nervous system (CNS). Several growth factors and neurotransmitters like GABA are postulated as important regulators of that process, and different protein kinases may also participate in OL differentiation and myelination. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of myelination by neurotransmitters are only partially known. In the present study, we provide evidence showing that GABA receptors (GABARs) play an important role in OL differentiation. First, we observed that OPCs and OLs synthesize GABA and expressed GABAR and transporters, both in vitro and in vivo and, in contrast to GABAARs, the subunits GABAB1R and GABAB2R are expressed in OLs over time. Then, we found that exogenous GABA increases the number of myelin segments and MBP expression in DRG-OPC cocultures, indicating that GABA regulates myelination when OLs are in contact with axons. Notably, in purified rat OPC cultures, chronic treatment with GABA and baclofen, specific GABABR agonist, accelerates OPC differentiation by enhancing the processes branching and myelin protein expression, effects that are reverted in presence of GABABR specific antagonist CGP55845. Exposure of OPCs to baclofen promotes the Src-phosphorylation, and the baclofen-induced maturation is attenuated in presence of the Src-family kinases inhibitor PP2. None of these effects are mediated by the GABAAR agonist muscimol. Together, these results highlight the relevance of the GABAergic system in OL differentiation, and indicate that this functional role is mediated through GABABR involving the participation of Src-family kinases. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Honoring Ricardo Miledi - outstanding neuroscientist of XX-XXI centuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Paz Serrano-Regal
- Deparment of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain; Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Leioa, Spain
| | - Irene Luengas-Escuza
- Deparment of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Laura Bayón-Cordero
- Deparment of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Naroa Ibarra-Aizpurua
- Deparment of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Elena Alberdi
- Deparment of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain; Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Leioa, Spain
| | - Alberto Pérez-Samartín
- Deparment of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain; Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Leioa, Spain
| | - Carlos Matute
- Deparment of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain; Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Leioa, Spain.
| | - María Victoria Sánchez-Gómez
- Deparment of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain; Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Leioa, Spain.
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46
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White matter microstructural properties in bipolar disorder in relationship to the spatial distribution of lithium in the brain. J Affect Disord 2019; 253:224-231. [PMID: 31054448 PMCID: PMC6609924 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.04.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lithium treatment is associated with an increase in magnetic resonance imaging derived measures of white matter integrity, but the relationship between the spatial distribution of brain lithium and white matter integrity is unknown. METHODS Euthymic patients with bipolar disorder receiving lithium (n = 12) and those on other medications but naïve to lithium (n = 17) underwent diffusion imaging alongside matched healthy controls (n = 16). Generalised fractional anisotropy (gFA) within white matter was compared between groups using a standard space white matter atlas. Lithium-treated patients underwent novel multinuclear lithium magnetic resonance imaging (7Li-MRI) to determine the relative lithium concentration across the brain. The relationship between 7Li-MRI signal intensity and gFA was investigated at the resolution of the 7Li-MRI sequence in native space. RESULTS Lithium-treated bipolar disorder and healthy control groups had higher mean white matter gFA than the bipolar disorder group treated with other medications (t = 2.5, p < 0.05; t = 2.7, p < 0.03, respectively). No differences in gFA were found between patients taking lithium and healthy controls (t = 0.02, p = 1). These effects were seen consistently across most regions in the white matter atlas. In the lithium-treated group, a significant effect of the 7Li-MRI signal in predicting the gFA (p < 0.01) was identified in voxels containing over 50% white matter. LIMITATIONS Cross-sectional evaluation of a relatively small cohort. CONCLUSIONS The higher gFA values observed in the lithium-treated bipolar disorder group suggests that long-term lithium is associated with greater white matter integrity. Our novel analysis supports this further, showing a positive association between white matter gFA and the spatial distribution of lithium.
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47
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Zou S, Balinang JM, Paris JJ, Hauser KF, Fuss B, Knapp PE. Effects of HIV-1 Tat on oligodendrocyte viability are mediated by CaMKIIβ-GSK3β interactions. J Neurochem 2019; 149:98-110. [PMID: 30674062 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Myelin disruptions are frequently reported in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals and can occur in the CNS very early in the disease process. Immature oligodendrocytes (OLs) are quite sensitive to toxic increases in [Ca2+ ]i caused by exposure to HIV-1 Tat (transactivator of transcription, a protein essential for HIV replication and gene expression), but sensitivity to Tat-induced [Ca2+ ]i is reduced in mature OLs. Tat exposure also increased the activity of Ca2+ /calmodulin-dependent kinase IIβ (CaMKIIβ), the major isoform of CaMKII expressed by OLs, in both immature and mature OLs. Since CaMKIIβ is reported to interact with glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β), and GSK3β activity is implicated in OL apoptosis as well as HIV neuropathology, we hypothesized that disparate effects of Tat on OL viability with maturity might be because of an altered balance of CaMKIIβ-GSK3β activities. Tat expression in vivo led to increased CaMKIIβ and GSK3β activity in multiple brain regions in transgenic mice. In vitro, immature murine OLs expressed higher levels of GSK3β, but much lower levels of CaMKIIβ, than did mature OLs. Exogenous Tat up-regulated GSK3β activity in immature, but not mature, OLs. Tat-induced death of immature OLs was rescued by the GSK3β inhibitors valproic acid or SB415286, supporting involvement of GSK3β signaling. Pharmacologically inhibiting CaMKIIβ increased GSK3β activity in Tat-treated OLs, and genetically knocking down CaMKIIβ promoted death in mature OL cultures treated with Tat. Together, these results suggest that the effects of Tat on OL viability are dependent on CaMKIIβ-GSK3β interactions, and that increasing CaMKIIβ activity is a potential approach for limiting OL/myelin injury with HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiping Zou
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Joyce M Balinang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Jason J Paris
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Kurt F Hauser
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Babette Fuss
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Pamela E Knapp
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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48
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Gou X, Tang Y, Qu Y, Xiao D, Ying J, Mu D. Could the inhibitor of DNA binding 2 and 4 play a role in white matter injury? Rev Neurosci 2019; 30:625-638. [PMID: 30738015 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2018-0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
White matter injury (WMI) prevents the normal development of myelination, leading to central nervous system myelination disorders and the production of chronic sequelae associated with WMI, such as chronic dyskinesia, cognitive impairment and cerebral palsy. This results in a large emotional and socioeconomic burden. Decreased myelination in preterm infant WMI is associated with the delayed development or destruction of oligodendrocyte (OL) lineage cells, particularly oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). The development of cells from the OL lineage involves the migration, proliferation and different stages of OL differentiation, finally leading to myelination. A series of complex intrinsic, extrinsic and epigenetic factors regulate the OPC cell cycle withdrawal, OL lineage progression and myelination. We focus on the inhibitor of DNA binding 2 (ID2), because it is widely involved in the different stages of OL differentiation and genesis. ID2 is a key transcription factor for the normal development of OL lineage cells, and the pathogenesis of WMI is closely linked with OL developmental disorders. ID4, another family member of the IDs protein, also plays a similar role in OL differentiation and genesis. ID2 and ID4 belong to the helix-loop-helix family; they lack the DNA-binding sequences and inhibit oligodendrogenesis and OPC differentiation. In this review, we mainly discuss the roles of ID2 in OL development, especially during OPC differentiation, and summarize the ID2-mediated intracellular and extracellular signaling pathways that regulate these processes. We also discuss ID4 in relation to bone morphogenetic protein signaling and oligodendrogenesis. It is likely that these developmental mechanisms are also involved in the myelin repair or remyelination in human neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Gou
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yi Qu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dongqiong Xiao
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Junjie Ying
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dezhi Mu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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49
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Luca A, Calandra C, Luca M. Molecular Bases of Alzheimer's Disease and Neurodegeneration: The Role of Neuroglia. Aging Dis 2018; 9:1134-1152. [PMID: 30574424 PMCID: PMC6284765 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2018.0201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroglia is an umbrella term indicating different cellular types that play a pivotal role in the brain, being involved in its development and functional homeostasis. Glial cells are becoming the focus of recent researches pertaining the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders, Alzheimer's Disease (AD) in particular. In fact, activated microglia is the main determinant of neuroinflammation, contributing to neurodegeneration. In addition, the oxidative insult occurring during pathological brain aging can activate glial cells that, in turn, can favor the production of free radicals. Moreover, the recent Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 (GSK-3) hypothesis of AD suggests that GSK3, involved in the regulation of glial cells functioning, could exert a role in amyloid deposition and tau hyper-phosphorylation. In this review, we briefly describe the main physiological functions of the glial cells and discuss the link between neuroglia and the most studied molecular bases of AD. In addition, we dedicate a section to the glial changes occurring in AD, with particular attention to their role in terms of neurodegeneration. In the light of the literature data, neuroglia could play a fundamental role in AD pathogenesis and progression. Further studies are needed to shed light on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonina Luca
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University Hospital Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, 95100 Sicily, Italy
| | - Carmela Calandra
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University Hospital Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, 95100 Sicily, Italy
| | - Maria Luca
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Dermatology Clinic, University Hospital Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, 95100 Sicily, Italy
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50
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Wellman SM, Cambi F, Kozai TD. The role of oligodendrocytes and their progenitors on neural interface technology: A novel perspective on tissue regeneration and repair. Biomaterials 2018; 183:200-217. [PMID: 30172245 PMCID: PMC6469877 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes and their precursors are critical glial facilitators of neurophysiology, which is responsible for cognition and behavior. Devices that are used to interface with the brain allow for a more in-depth analysis of how neurons and these glia synergistically modulate brain activity. As projected by the BRAIN Initiative, technologies that acquire a high resolution and robust sampling of neural signals can provide a greater insight in both the healthy and diseased brain and support novel discoveries previously unobtainable with the current state of the art. However, a complex series of inflammatory events triggered during device insertion impede the potential applications of implanted biosensors. Characterizing the biological mechanisms responsible for the degradation of intracortical device performance will guide novel biomaterial and tissue regenerative approaches to rehabilitate the brain following injury. Glial subtypes which assist with neuronal survival and exchange of electrical signals, mainly oligodendrocytes, their precursors, and the insulating myelin membranes they produce, are sensitive to inflammation commonly induced from insults to the brain. This review explores essential physiological roles facilitated by oligodendroglia and their precursors and provides insight into their pathology following neurodegenerative injury and disease. From this knowledge, inferences can be made about the impact of device implantation on these supportive glia in order to engineer effective strategies that can attenuate their responses, enhance the efficacy of neural interfacing technology, and provide a greater understanding of the challenges that impede wound healing and tissue regeneration during pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven M Wellman
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, USA; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Franca Cambi
- Veterans Administration Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Takashi Dy Kozai
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, USA; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, USA; McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, USA; NeuroTech Center, University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute, USA.
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