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Mohamed I, Gautam M, Abosheaishaa H, Hussain S, Kumar K, Kotak A, Baugh M, Qureshi R, Jaber F, Dahiya DS, Alba L, Duong N. Growth hormone augmentation in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 36:1259-1266. [PMID: 38973533 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is characterized by hepatic steatosis and metabolic dysregulation. Growth hormone (GH) augmentation has emerged as a potential therapeutic intervention for treating MASLD. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of GH augmentation on different parameters of MASLD. A systematic literature search identified randomized controlled trials investigating GH augmentation in MASLD patients. Search results were screened via Covidence and the Risk of Bias 2 tool was used to assess bias in randomized controlled trials. Statistical analysis utilized RevMan v5.3. We combined dichotomous outcomes employing odds ratios and continuous outcomes utilizing mean difference (MD), each with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Statistical significance was indicated by a P -value less than 0.05. Heterogeneity was evaluated using I2 tests. Our results showed that GH augmentation resulted in a significant reduction in both relative (MD: -46.26; 95% CI: -71.52, -21.00; P = 0.0003) and absolute (MD: -5.15; 95% CI: -7.93, -2.37; P = 0.0003) hepatic fat fraction. GH augmentation significantly reduced alanine aminotransferase (MD: -5.97; 95% CI: -10.31, -1.62; P = 0.007) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (MD: -16.18; 95% CI: -30.76, -1.59; P = 0.03) levels. No significant changes were observed in hemoglobin A1c, C-reactive protein, fasting serum glucose, BMI, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Our meta-analysis highlights GH augmentation as a promising therapy for reducing liver steatosis and improving liver enzyme levels in MASLD patients. Further large-scale trials are warranted to examine the long-term effects, safety profiles, and potential impact on various measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islam Mohamed
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Misha Gautam
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Hazem Abosheaishaa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Sophia Hussain
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Kopal Kumar
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Anaya Kotak
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Macy Baugh
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Raabia Qureshi
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Fouad Jaber
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
| | | | - Laura Alba
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Nikki Duong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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Arai T, Atsukawa M, Tsubota A, Oikawa T, Tada T, Matsuura K, Ishikawa T, Abe H, Kato K, Morishita A, Tani J, Okubo T, Nagao M, Iwabu M, Iwakiri K. Beneficial effect of oral semaglutide for type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: A prospective, multicentre, observational study. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:4958-4965. [PMID: 39223865 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a single-arm, multicentre, prospective study. Among 80 consecutive patients with MASLD and T2DM who newly received oral semaglutide, 70 completed 48-week oral semaglutide treatment as scheduled and were included in an efficacy analysis. Dose adjustments of oral semaglutide were determined by each physician while monitoring efficacy and adverse events. RESULTS Significant improvements in body weight, liver enzymes, lipid profile, and glycaemic control were found at 48 weeks compared with baseline values (all p < 0.01). Controlled attenuation parameter values significantly decreased from baseline to 48 weeks (p < 0.01). Changes in alanine aminotransferase concentrations (r = 0.37, p < 0.01) and controlled attenuation parameter values (r = 0.44, p < 0.01) were significantly correlated with changes in body weight. Liver fibrosis markers, such as type IV collagen 7S, Wisteria floribunda agglutinin-positive Mac-2-binding protein, fibrosis-4 index, and liver stiffness measurement, significantly decreased from baseline to 48 weeks (all p < 0.01). The most common adverse events were Grades 1-2 transient gastrointestinal symptoms, such as nausea (23 patients, 28.8%), dyspepsia (12, 15.0%) and appetite loss (4, 5.0%). CONCLUSIONS Oral semaglutide treatment for T2DM in patients with MASLD leads to an improvement in liver steatosis and injury, surrogate markers of fibrosis, diabetic status, and lipid profile, and reduces body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeang Arai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Atsukawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihito Tsubota
- Core Research Facilities for Basic Science, Research Center for Medical Sciences, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsunekazu Oikawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Tada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Himeji Hospital, Himeji, Japan
| | - Kentaro Matsuura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toru Ishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saiseikai Niigata Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Abe
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shinmatsudo Central General Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Keizo Kato
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shinmatsudo Central General Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Asahiro Morishita
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Joji Tani
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Tomomi Okubo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mototsugu Nagao
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Iwabu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Iwakiri
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
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Xiao J, Zhang X, Chang L, Yu H, Sun L, Zhu C, He Q. Associations of four surrogate insulin resistance indexes with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in Chinese patients with obesity: a cross-sectional study. Endocrine 2024; 86:546-555. [PMID: 38814373 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-024-03888-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was designed to evaluate the association of four surrogate indexes of IR with NASH in patients with obesity. METHODS A total of 270 patients who underwent bariatric surgery, were included in this cross-sectional study. NASH was diagnosed based on liver biopsies. Binary logistics regression analyses were performed to assess the associations of four surrogate indexes of IR (HOMA-IR, Matsuda index, TyG, and TG/HDL-C) with NASH in patients with obesity. The restricted cubic spline was used to assess the dose-response associations of surrogate indexes of IR with NASH after adjusting for confounding factors. RESULTS NASH was diagnosed in 136 patients, with a prevalence of 50.37%. Compared with tertile 1, the fully adjusted ORs (95% CIs) of NASH for tertile 3 were 2.711(1.113-6.608) and 0.297 (0.152-0.579) for TyG and Matsuda index. Consistently, per SD increment of TyG were still significantly associated with 64% increased risks of NASH, and per SD increment of Matsuda index were still significantly associated with 38% decreased risks of NASH. In contrast, no significant associations were found between HOMA-IR and TG/HDL-C and the risk of NASH in patients with obesity (all P > 0.05). After adjusting covariates in restricted cubic splines, the risk of NASH decreased with the increment of Matsuda Index levels (P-nonlinear = 0.442, P-overall = 0.007) and with the decrement of TyG levels (P-nonlinear = 0.004, P-overall = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS In patients with obesity, TyG and Matsuda index were independently related to the risk of NASH after adjustment for traditional risk factors. In addition, compared with HOMA-IR and TG/HDL-C, the Matsuda index and TyG may be more suitable for NASH prediction in patients with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, 030012, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Lina Chang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Longhao Sun
- Department of General surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
| | - Chonggui Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
| | - Qing He
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
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Kang W, Yang S, Roh J, Choi D, Lee HW, Lee JH, Park T. MOR23 deficiency exacerbates hepatic steatosis in mice. FASEB J 2024; 38:e70107. [PMID: 39417398 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202401468rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 09/24/2024] [Accepted: 10/01/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024]
Abstract
Hepatic steatosis, a common liver disorder, can progress to severe conditions such as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. While olfactory receptors are primarily known for detecting odorants, emerging evidence suggests that they also influence liver lipid metabolism. This study generated a mouse model with a specific knockout of olfactory receptor 23 (MOR23) to investigate its role in hepatic steatosis. MOR23 knockout mice on a normal diet showed a slight increase in liver weight compared to wild-type (WT) mice. When fed a high-fat diet (HFD), these knockout mice exhibited accelerated hepatic steatosis, indicated by increased liver weight and hepatic triglyceride levels. Our findings suggest that the cyclic adenosine monophosphate/protein kinase A/AMP-activated protein kinase pathway is involved in the role of MOR23, leading to the upregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1-α, and their target β-oxidation genes in the liver. MOR23 also appeared to regulate lipogenesis and free fatty acid uptake in HFD-fed mice, potentially by influencing sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 activity. Notably, administering a potential MOR23 ligand, cedrene, attenuated hepatic steatosis in WT mice, but these effects were largely nullified in MOR23 knockout mice. These findings provide valuable insights into the in vivo role of MOR23 in hepatic steatosis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesuk Kang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, BK21 FOUR, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhjin Yang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, BK21 FOUR, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Roh
- Department of Food and Nutrition, BK21 FOUR, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dabin Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, BK21 FOUR, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Woong Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Gemcro, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Gemcro, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Taesun Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, BK21 FOUR, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Li T, Chiang JYL. Bile Acid Signaling in Metabolic and Inflammatory Diseases and Drug Development. Pharmacol Rev 2024; 76:1221-1253. [PMID: 38977324 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.124.000978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Bile acids are the end products of cholesterol catabolism. Hepatic bile acid synthesis accounts for a major fraction of daily cholesterol turnover in humans. Biliary secretion of bile acids generates bile flow and facilitates biliary secretion of lipids, endogenous metabolites, and xenobiotics. In intestine, bile acids facilitate the digestion and absorption of dietary lipids and fat-soluble vitamins. Through activation of nuclear receptors and G protein-coupled receptors and interaction with gut microbiome, bile acids critically regulate host metabolism and innate and adaptive immunity and are involved in the pathogenesis of cholestasis, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, alcohol-associated liver disease, type-2 diabetes, and inflammatory bowel diseases. Bile acids and their derivatives have been developed as potential therapeutic agents for treating chronic metabolic and inflammatory liver diseases and gastrointestinal disorders. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Bile acids facilitate biliary cholesterol solubilization and dietary lipid absorption, regulate host metabolism and immunity, and modulate gut microbiome. Targeting bile acid metabolism and signaling holds promise for treating metabolic and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiangang Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma (T.L.); and Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio (J.Y.L.C.)
| | - John Y L Chiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma (T.L.); and Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio (J.Y.L.C.)
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Chopinet S, Lopez O, Brustlein S, Uzel A, Moyon A, Varlet I, Balasse L, Kober F, Bobot M, Bernard M, Haffner A, Sdika M, Montcel B, Guillet B, Vidal V, Grégoire E, Hardwigsen J, Brige P. Comparing Different Methods for the Diagnosis of Liver Steatosis: What Are the Best Diagnostic Tools? Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:2292. [PMID: 39451615 PMCID: PMC11506074 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14202292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2024] [Revised: 10/07/2024] [Accepted: 10/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the ongoing organ shortage, marginal grafts with steatosis are more frequently used in liver transplantation, leading to higher occurrences of graft dysfunction. A histological analysis is the gold standard for the quantification of liver steatosis (LS), but has its drawbacks: it is an invasive method that varies from one pathologist to another and is not available in every hospital at the time of organ procurement. This study aimed to compare non-invasive diagnostic tools to a histological analysis for the quantification of liver steatosis. METHODS Male C57BL6J mice were fed with a methioninecholine-deficient (MCD) diet for 14 days or 28 days to induce LS, and were compared to a control group of animals fed with a normal diet. The following non-invasive techniques were performed and compared to the histological quantification of liver steatosis: magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), CARS microscopy, 99mTc MIBI SPECT imaging, and a new near-infrared spectrometer (NIR-SG1). RESULTS After 28 days on the MCD diet, an evaluation of LS showed ≥30% macrovesicular steatosis. High correlations were found between the NIR-SG1 and the blinded pathologist analysis (R2 = 0.945) (p = 0.001), and between the CARS microscopy (R2 = 0.801 (p < 0.001); MRS, R2 = 0.898 (p < 0.001)) and the blinded pathologist analysis. The ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) was 1 for both the NIR-SG1 and MRS (p = 0.021 and p < 0.001, respectively), while the AUC = 0.910 for the Oil Red O stain (p < 0.001) and the AUC = 0.865 for the CARS microscopy (p < 0.001). The AUC for the 99mTc MIBI SPECT was 0.640 (p = 0.013), and this was a less discriminating technique for LS quantification. CONCLUSIONS The best-performing non-invasive methods for LS quantification are MRS, CARS microscopy, and the NIR-SG1. The NIR-SG1 is particularly appropriate for clinical practice and needs to be validated by clinical studies on liver grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Chopinet
- Department of Digestive Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital la Timone, AP-HM, 13005 Marseille, France;
- Aix Marseille Université, LIIE, 13007 Marseille, France; (O.L.); (V.V.); (E.G.); (P.B.)
- Aix Marseille Université, CERIMED, 13007 Marseille, France; (S.B.); (L.B.); (M.B.); (B.G.)
| | - Olivier Lopez
- Aix Marseille Université, LIIE, 13007 Marseille, France; (O.L.); (V.V.); (E.G.); (P.B.)
- Aix Marseille Université, CERIMED, 13007 Marseille, France; (S.B.); (L.B.); (M.B.); (B.G.)
- Department of Digestive and Oncologic Radiology, Hôpital l’Archet 2, 06202 Nice, France
| | - Sophie Brustlein
- Aix Marseille Université, CERIMED, 13007 Marseille, France; (S.B.); (L.B.); (M.B.); (B.G.)
| | - Antoine Uzel
- INSA-Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UJM-Saint Etienne, CNRS, Inserm, CREATIS UMR5220, U1294, 69616 Lyon, France; (A.U.); (M.S.); (B.M.)
| | - Anais Moyon
- C2VN, INSERM 1263 INRAE 1260, Aix-Marseille Université, 13007 Marseille, France;
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Hôpital la Timone, AP-HM, 13007 Marseille, France
| | - Isabelle Varlet
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM, 13007 Marseille, France; (I.V.); (F.K.); (M.B.)
| | - Laure Balasse
- Aix Marseille Université, CERIMED, 13007 Marseille, France; (S.B.); (L.B.); (M.B.); (B.G.)
| | - Frank Kober
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM, 13007 Marseille, France; (I.V.); (F.K.); (M.B.)
| | - Mickaël Bobot
- Aix Marseille Université, CERIMED, 13007 Marseille, France; (S.B.); (L.B.); (M.B.); (B.G.)
- C2VN, INSERM 1263 INRAE 1260, Aix-Marseille Université, 13007 Marseille, France;
- Center of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, Hôpital de la Conception, AP-HM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Monique Bernard
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM, 13007 Marseille, France; (I.V.); (F.K.); (M.B.)
| | - Aurélie Haffner
- Department of Anatomopathology, Hôpital la Timone, AP-HM, 13007 Marseille, France;
| | - Michaël Sdika
- INSA-Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UJM-Saint Etienne, CNRS, Inserm, CREATIS UMR5220, U1294, 69616 Lyon, France; (A.U.); (M.S.); (B.M.)
| | - Bruno Montcel
- INSA-Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UJM-Saint Etienne, CNRS, Inserm, CREATIS UMR5220, U1294, 69616 Lyon, France; (A.U.); (M.S.); (B.M.)
| | - Benjamin Guillet
- Aix Marseille Université, CERIMED, 13007 Marseille, France; (S.B.); (L.B.); (M.B.); (B.G.)
- C2VN, INSERM 1263 INRAE 1260, Aix-Marseille Université, 13007 Marseille, France;
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Hôpital la Timone, AP-HM, 13007 Marseille, France
| | - Vincent Vidal
- Aix Marseille Université, LIIE, 13007 Marseille, France; (O.L.); (V.V.); (E.G.); (P.B.)
- Aix Marseille Université, CERIMED, 13007 Marseille, France; (S.B.); (L.B.); (M.B.); (B.G.)
- Aix-Marseille Université, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Emilie Grégoire
- Aix Marseille Université, LIIE, 13007 Marseille, France; (O.L.); (V.V.); (E.G.); (P.B.)
- Aix Marseille Université, CERIMED, 13007 Marseille, France; (S.B.); (L.B.); (M.B.); (B.G.)
| | - Jean Hardwigsen
- Department of Digestive Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital la Timone, AP-HM, 13005 Marseille, France;
- Aix-Marseille Université, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Pauline Brige
- Aix Marseille Université, LIIE, 13007 Marseille, France; (O.L.); (V.V.); (E.G.); (P.B.)
- Aix Marseille Université, CERIMED, 13007 Marseille, France; (S.B.); (L.B.); (M.B.); (B.G.)
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Yang Y, Fan G, Lan J, Li X, Li X, Liu R. Polysaccharide-mediated modulation of gut microbiota in the treatment of liver diseases: Promising approach with significant challenges. Int J Biol Macromol 2024:135566. [PMID: 39270901 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Liver disease represents a significant global health burden, with an increasing prevalence and a lack of efficient treatment options. The microbiota-gut-liver axis involves bidirectional communication between liver function and intestinal microorganisms. A balanced gut flora protects intestinal homeostasis, while imbalances contribute to the development of liver diseases. Distinct alterations in the structure of gut flora during illness are crucial in the management of various liver diseases. Polysaccharides derived from herbal products, fungi, and other sources have been identified to possess diverse biological activities and are well-tolerated in the treatment of liver diseases. This review provides updates on the therapeutic effects of polysaccharides on liver diseases, including fatty liver diseases, acute liver injuries and liver cancers. It also summarizes advancements in understanding the mechanisms involved, particularly from the perspective of gut microbiota and metabolites, by highlighting the changes in the composition of potentially beneficial and harmful bacteria and their correlation with the therapeutic effects of polysaccharides. Additionally, by exploring the structure-activity relationship, our review provides valuable insights for the structural modification of polysaccharides and expanding their applications. In conclusion, this review offers theoretical support and novel perspectives on developing polysaccharides-based therapeutic approaches for the treatment of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Guifang Fan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jianhang Lan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaojiaoyang Li
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Runping Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Beijing 100029, China.
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Gao Y, Yao Q, Meng L, Wang J, Zheng N. Double-side role of short chain fatty acids on host health via the gut-organ axes. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2024; 18:322-339. [PMID: 39290857 PMCID: PMC11406094 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Short chain fatty acids (SCFA) exist in dietary foods and are produced by the fermentation of gut microbiota, and are considered an important element for regulating host health. Through blood circulation, SCFA produced in the gut and obtained from foods have an impact on the intestinal health as well as vital organs of the host. It has been recognized that the gut is the "vital organ" in the host. As the gut microbial metabolites, SCFA could create an "axis" connecting the gut and to other organs. Therefore, the "gut-organ axes" have become a focus of research in recent years to analyze organism health. In this review, we summarized the sources, absorption properties, and the function of SCFA in both gut and other peripheral tissues (brain, kidney, liver, lung, bone and cardiovascular) in the way of "gut-organ axes". Short chain fatty acids exert both beneficial and pathological role in gut and other organs in various ways, in which the beneficial effects are more pronounced. In addition, the beneficial effects are reflected in both preventive and therapeutic effects. More importantly, the mechanisms behinds the gut and other tissues provided insight into the function of SCFA, assisting in the development of novel preventive and therapeutic strategies for maintaining the host health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Milk and Milk Products Inspection Center of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qianqian Yao
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Milk and Milk Products Inspection Center of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Lu Meng
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Milk and Milk Products Inspection Center of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Milk and Milk Products Inspection Center of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Nan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Milk and Milk Products Inspection Center of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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9
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Li Y, Chen L, Papadopoulos V. The mitochondrial translocator protein (TSPO, 18 kDa): A key multifunctional molecule in liver diseases. Biochimie 2024; 224:91-103. [PMID: 38065288 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Translocator protein (TSPO, 18 kDa), previously known as peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor, is an evolutionarily conserved and tryptophan-rich 169-amino-acid protein located on the outer mitochondrial membrane. TSPO plays a crucial role in various fundamental physiological functions and cellular processes. Its expression is altered in pathological conditions, thus rendering TSPO a potential tool for diagnostic imaging and an appealing therapeutic target. The investigation of synthetic TSPO ligands as both agonists and antagonists has provided valuable insights into the regulatory mechanisms and functional properties of TSPO. Recently, accumulating evidence has highlighted the significance of TSPO in liver diseases. However, a comprehensive summary of TSPO function in the normal liver and diverse liver diseases is lacking. This review aims to provide an overview of recent advances in understanding TSPO function in both normal liver cells and various liver diseases, with a particular emphasis on its involvement in liver fibrosis and inflammation and addresses the existing knowledge gaps in the field that require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchang Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
| | - Liting Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Vassilios Papadopoulos
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
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10
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Jiang R, Hua Y, Hu X, Hong Z. The pan immune inflammatory value in relation to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatic fibrosis. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2024; 48:102393. [PMID: 38866239 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2024.102393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation played a critical role in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Here, we aimed to explore the relationship between inflammatory biomarkers and the prevalence of NAFLD and hepatic fibrosis in US participants. METHODS Individuals with complete data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2017-2020 pre-pandemic cycle dataset were referred to this study. We identified NAFLD by vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) on the basis of controlling attenuation parameter (CAP) ≥274dB/m. Liver fibrosis was confirmed by liver stiffness measurement (LSM) ≥8.2kPa. Multivariate logistic regression models were applied to estimate the correlations between inflammatory biomarkers and the prevalence of NAFLD and hepatic fibrosis based on sample weights. RESULTS All together 5026 subjects were incorporated into the study cohort. Among these subjects, 2209 were classified as having NAFLD, and 8.35 % were diagnosed with hepatic fibrosis. Pan immune inflammatory value (PIV), instead of systemic immune inflammatory index (SII), was positively correlated with the rate of NAFLD or hepatic fibrosis. Subgroup analysis for NAFLD revealed that the positive relationships of the PIV existed in males (OR=1.52, 95 % CI: 1.01-2.28, p = 0.046) and participants below 60 years of age (OR=1.49, 95 % CI: 1.05-2.1, p = 0.028). Moreover, subgroup analysis for hepatic fibrosis revealed that the positive relationships of the PIV existed in females (OR=2.09, 95 % CI: 1.2-3.63, p = 0.014) and participants below 60 years of age (OR=1.74, 95 % CI: 1.09-2.77, p = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS A higher PIV, but not SII, is associated with a higher likelihood of NAFLD and liver fibrosis, suggesting that the PIV is a more valuable inflammatory marker for assessing NAFLD and liver fibrosis in participants, especially for those who are below 60 years of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Jiang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Jiangsu Health Vocational College, No. 69, Huangshan Ling Road, Pukou Distric, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yunfeng Hua
- School of Clinical Medicine, Jiangsu Health Vocational College, No. 69, Huangshan Ling Road, Pukou Distric, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Xiang Hu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Jiangsu Health Vocational College, No. 69, Huangshan Ling Road, Pukou Distric, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Zhen Hong
- School of Clinical Medicine, Jiangsu Health Vocational College, No. 69, Huangshan Ling Road, Pukou Distric, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China.
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11
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Kelkar R, Phadke U, Kelkar R, Khanapurkar S, Barve NA. Significance of Correlation of Shear Wave Elastography With Fibrosis-4 in a Cohort of Patients With Diabetes and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Cureus 2024; 16:e67015. [PMID: 39280483 PMCID: PMC11402460 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.67015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasingly recognized as a cause of chronic liver disease. It can lead to complications such as decompensated liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Objectives This study aimed to assess liver stiffness using point shear wave elastography in patients with diabetes and NAFLD and to compare the results with the FIB-4 (fibrosis-4) score, AST/ALT (aspartate aminotransferase-to-alanine aminotransferase) ratio, and APRI (AST-to-Platelet Ratio Index). Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on type 2 diabetes patients who underwent point shear wave liver elastography for liver stiffness estimation between January 2020 and February 2023. Demographic data such as age, sex, and laboratory data (AST, ALT, and platelet count) were recorded. FIB-4 score, APRI, and AST/ALT ratio were calculated for these patients. The results of the FIB-4 score and APRI were then compared with the shear wave liver elastography fibrosis scores. Results The analysis included 60 patients, of whom 50 (83.33%) were male, with a mean age of 44.8 years (SD: 11.02; range: 21-69). Thirty-six patients (60%) had significant fibrosis. There was a significant positive correlation between the shear wave elastography results and the FIB-4 and APRI scores. Conclusion The findings revealed that nearly two-thirds of the study group had significant fibrosis (≥F2), highlighting the need for early NAFLD diagnosis and treatment. Noninvasive laboratory serum markers, in conjunction with shear wave liver elastography, are useful for diagnosing severe fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Kelkar
- Internal Medicine, Sahyadri Super Speciality Hospital, Deccan Gymkhana, Pune, IND
| | - Uday Phadke
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Sahyadri Super Speciality Hospital, Deccan Gymkhana, Pune, IND
| | - Raveena Kelkar
- Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Akron General, Akron, USA
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Rieman-Klingler MC, Jung J, Tesfai K, Loomba R, Non AL. Integrating genetic and socioeconomic data to predict the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2024; 184:e24979. [PMID: 38778456 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.24979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of chronic liver disease globally, with an estimated prevalence exceeding 25%. Variants in the PNPLA3 and HSD17B13 genes have been a focus of investigations surrounding the etiology and progression of NAFLD and are believed to contribute to a greater burden of disease experienced by Hispanic Americans. However, little is known about socioeconomic factors influencing NAFLD progression or its increased prevalence among Hispanics. MATERIALS AND METHODS We cross-sectionally analyzed 264 patients to assess the role of genetic and socioeconomic variables in the development of advanced liver fibrosis in individuals at risk for NAFLD. RESULTS Adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, and PNPLA3 genotype, lacking a college degree was associated with 3.3 times higher odds of advanced fibrosis (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.21-8.76, p = 0.019), an effect comparable to that of possessing the major PNPLA3 risk variant. Notably, the effect of PNPLA3 genotype on advanced fibrosis was attenuated to nonsignificance following adjustment for education and other socioeconomic markers. The effect of the protective HSD17B13 variant, moreover, diminished after adjustment for education (odds ratio [OR]: 0.39 [95% CI: 0.13-1.16, p = 0.092]), while lower education continued to predict advanced fibrosis following multivariable adjustment with an OR of 8.0 (95% CI: 1.91-33.86, p = 0.005). DISCUSSION Adjusting for education attenuated the effects of genotype and Hispanic ethnicity on liver fibrosis, suggesting that social factors-rather than genes or ethnicity-may be driving disease severity within some populations. Findings reveal the importance of including socioenvironmental controls when considering the role of genetics or ethnicity in complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Rieman-Klingler
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Medical Scientist Training (MD/PhD) Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jinho Jung
- NAFLD Research Center, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Kaleb Tesfai
- NAFLD Research Center, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Rohit Loomba
- NAFLD Research Center, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Amy L Non
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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Liu J, Yi F, Duan K, Liu H. Triglyceride-glucose index is associated with the risk of impaired fasting glucose in Chinese elderly individuals. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16033. [PMID: 38992112 PMCID: PMC11239658 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67081-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in elderly individuals remains uncertain. Our study aimed to explore the association between the TyG index and the risk of future IFG in this population. This retrospective cohort study included 17,746 elderly individuals over 60. In this population, Cox regression models proportional to hazards, along with smooth curve fitting and cubic spline functions, were employed to examine the association between the baseline TyG index and the risk of IFG. Subgroup analyses and sensitivity were also performed to ensure the robustness of the study findings. After adjusting for covariates, a positive association between the TyG index and the risk of IFG was found (HR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.27-1.60, P < 0.0001). The likelihood of IFG rose steadily as the TyG index quartiles (from Q1 to Q4) increased, with Q4 demonstrating a 62% elevated risk compared to Q1 (adjusted HR = 1.62, 95% CI 1.37-1.90). Additionally, we found the association between TyG index and risk of IFG was a linear. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses confirmed the stability of the results. Our study observed a linear association between the TyG index and the development of IFG in elderly Chinese individuals. Recognizing this association can help clinicians identify high-risk individuals and implement targeted interventions to reduce their risk of progressing to diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shenzhen New Frontier United Family Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Feng Yi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang, 414000, Hunan, China
| | - Kai Duan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang, 414000, Hunan, China
| | - Haibo Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang, 414000, Hunan, China.
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14
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Elshaer A, Chascsa DMH, Lizaola-Mayo BC. Exploring Varied Treatment Strategies for Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD). Life (Basel) 2024; 14:844. [PMID: 39063598 PMCID: PMC11278185 DOI: 10.3390/life14070844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) represents a liver disorder characterized by steatosis with underlying metabolic risk factors. The prevalence of MASLD continues to rise, leading to increased patient risk of various complications. Recent research has been focused on new therapeutic strategies to reduce the incidence of MASLD and provide effective treatment plans to prevent further irreversible liver damage. The treatment approach is multifactorial, with a primary focus on weight loss and management of underlying comorbidities through lifestyle modifications, pharmacotherapy, or surgical options. Ongoing research is exploring new pharmacological therapies that could enhance the treatment of MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani Elshaer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ 85054, USA
| | - David M. H. Chascsa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ 85054, USA
- Transplant Center, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ 85054, USA
| | - Blanca C. Lizaola-Mayo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ 85054, USA
- Transplant Center, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ 85054, USA
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15
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Najafi F, Pasdar Y, Nazar MM, Darbandi M. Association between obesity phenotypes and non-alcoholic fatty liver: a large population- based study. BMC Endocr Disord 2024; 24:96. [PMID: 38918729 PMCID: PMC11197192 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01630-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to examine the association between different metabolic obesity phenotypes and the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS This cross-sectional analysis utilized data from the baseline phase of the Ravansar non-communicable diseases (RaNCD) cohort study, which involved 8,360 adults. Participants with a Fatty Liver Index (FLI) score of ≥ 60 was classified as having NAFLD. The FLI score was calculated using liver non-invasive markers and anthropometric measurements. Participants were categorized into four phenotypes based on the presence or absence of metabolic syndrome and obesity. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association of NAFLD and obesity phenotypes. RESULTS According to the FLI index, the prevalence of NAFLD was 39.56%. Participants with FLI scores of ≥ 60 had higher energy intake compared to those in the FLI < 60 group (P = 0.033). In subjects with metabolically unhealthy phenotypes, the level of physical activity was lower compared to those with metabolically healthy phenotypes. The risk of NAFLD in males with the metabolically healthy-obese phenotype increased by 8.92 times (95% CI: 2.20, 15.30), those with the metabolically unhealthy-non-obese phenotype increased by 7.23 times (95% CI: 5.82, 8.99), and those with the metabolically unhealthy-obese phenotype increased by 32.97 times (95% CI: 15.70, 69.22) compared to the metabolically healthy-non-obese phenotype. Similarly, these results were observed in females. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that the risk of NAFLD is higher in individuals with metabolically healthy/obese, metabolically unhealthy/non-obese, and metabolically unhealthy/obese phenotypes compared to those with non-obese/metabolically healthy phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farid Najafi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Yahya Pasdar
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mehdi Moradi Nazar
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mitra Darbandi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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16
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Kaewdech A, Assawasuwannakit S, Churuangsuk C, Chamroonkul N, Sripongpun P. Effect of smartphone-assisted lifestyle intervention in MASLD patients: a randomized controlled trial. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13961. [PMID: 38886203 PMCID: PMC11183044 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64988-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is emerging globally as a significant problem. The mainstay of treatment is lifestyle intervention (LSI). We hypothesized that providing information regarding LSI and MASLD through a social media application generally used in the respective society would improve clinical outcomes in MASLD more than standard of care (SOC). This is a randomized controlled study in noncirrhotic MASLD patients aged 18-65 years in Thailand. Eligible patients were randomly assigned to either the control (SOC) or intervention arm. Patients in both groups received standard LSI advice. Infographics about MASLD and LSI information were sent to the intervention group every 3-7 days via the LINE official account. The outcomes are changes in liver steatosis and liver stiffness by FIBROSCAN at 24 weeks, as well as weight loss, body composition, and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level between the two groups. A total of 122 patients were enrolled. The median age of eligible participants was 53 years, 64.7% were female, and median body mass index was 27.3 kg/m2. After a complete 24-week study period, both groups had an improvement in weight, ALT level, liver steatosis, and fat mass, but the differences in those changes between groups were not statistically significant. Interestingly, a significant improvement in liver stiffness was observed in the intervention group than in the control group (- 0.7 ± 1.8 kPa vs. 0.1 ± 2.4 kPa, P = 0.035). Encouraging LSI and delivering MASLD information via a social media application (LINE official account) to patients with MASLD demonstrated a better outcome of liver stiffness measurement than SOC.Clinical trial number: TCTR20210304002 (04/03/2021) ( http://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/show/TCTR20210304002 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Apichat Kaewdech
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Division of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Suraphon Assawasuwannakit
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Division of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
- Department of Medicine, Panyananthaphikkhu Chonprathan Medical Center, Srinakharinwirot University, Nonthaburi, 11120, Thailand
| | - Chaitong Churuangsuk
- Clinical Nutrition and Obesity Medicine Unit, Division of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Naichaya Chamroonkul
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Division of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Pimsiri Sripongpun
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Division of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand.
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17
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Iwasa M, Sugimoto R, Eguchi A, Tamai Y, Shigefuku R, Fujiwara N, Tanaka H, Kobayashi Y, Ikoma J, Kaito M, Nakagawa H. Effectiveness of 1-year pemafibrate treatment on steatotic liver disease: the influence of alcohol consumption. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 36:793-801. [PMID: 38526942 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Pemafibrate is a selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α modulator that improves serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in dyslipidemia patients. We previously reported that pemafibrate significantly improves liver function, serum triglyceride (TG) levels and liver stiffness in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients, however the influence of alcohol consumption was not considered. Therefore, we explored pemafibrate efficacy in patients with steatotic liver disease (SLD) and alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). METHODS We retrospectively evaluated pemafibrate efficacy on liver enzymes and lipids in metabolic dysfunction-associated SLD (MASLD) (n = 93), MASLD plus increased alcohol intake (MetALD; n = 23) and ALD (n = 22) patients who had taken pemafibrate for at least 48 weeks. Liver shear wave velocity (SWV, n = 75) was also evaluated. RESULTS In MASLD group, ALT, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GTP) and TG values were significantly decreased from baseline to week 24 and week 48 ( P < 0.0001). ALT and TG values in MetALD group and ALT and AST values in ALD group were also significantly decreased from baseline to week 24 and week 48. Study participant SWV values decreased from baseline to week 48. We observed no significant difference in changes to ALT, AST, γ-GTP and TG (value at week 24 or week 48 minus value at baseline) among the three groups. CONCLUSION Pemafibrate improves liver function and liver stiffness thus making it a promising therapeutic agent for SLD, even in patients with excess alcohol consumption (MetALD and ALD groups).
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoh Iwasa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University
| | - Ryosuke Sugimoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University
| | - Akiko Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University
| | - Yasuyuki Tamai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University
| | - Ryuta Shigefuku
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University
| | - Naoto Fujiwara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University
| | - Hideaki Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University
| | - Yoshinao Kobayashi
- Center for Physical and Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University
| | | | | | - Hayato Nakagawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University
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18
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Nascimento AL, Pereira JHS, Caldas BV, Guimarães VHD, Monteiro-Junior RS, Paula AMB, Guimarães ALS, Pereira UA, Santos SHS. Dietary Supplementation with Apis mellifera Wholemeal Flour Reduces Hepatic Steatosis in Obese Mice. J Med Food 2024; 27:545-551. [PMID: 38770674 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.0201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aline L Nascimento
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias (ICA), Postgraduate Program in Food and Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Montes Claros, Brazil
| | - Joyce H S Pereira
- Laboratory of Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (UNIMONTES), Montes Claros, Brazil
| | - Bruna V Caldas
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias (ICA), Postgraduate Program in Food and Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Montes Claros, Brazil
| | - Victor H D Guimarães
- Laboratory of Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (UNIMONTES), Montes Claros, Brazil
| | - Renato S Monteiro-Junior
- Laboratory of Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (UNIMONTES), Montes Claros, Brazil
| | - Alfredo M B Paula
- Laboratory of Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (UNIMONTES), Montes Claros, Brazil
| | - André L S Guimarães
- Laboratory of Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (UNIMONTES), Montes Claros, Brazil
| | - Ulisses A Pereira
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias (ICA), Postgraduate Program in Food and Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Montes Claros, Brazil
| | - Sérgio H S Santos
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias (ICA), Postgraduate Program in Food and Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Montes Claros, Brazil
- Laboratory of Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (UNIMONTES), Montes Claros, Brazil
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19
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Wang SW, Hsieh TH, Cheng YM, Wang CC, Kao JH. Liver and atherosclerotic risks of patients with cryptogenic steatotic liver disease. Hepatol Int 2024; 18:943-951. [PMID: 38227142 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-023-10624-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS In 2023, a new nomenclature of "metabolic associated steatotic liver disease" (MASLD) has emerged by incorporating cardio-metabolic criteria to redefine "non-alcoholic fatty liver disease" (NAFLD). Among steatotic liver disease (SLD), those having no known causes and without any one of cardio-metabolic criteria are deemed to have cryptogenic SLD. This study aims to compare the liver and atherosclerotic risks between MASLD and cryptogenic SLD patients. APPROACH We analyzed participants with liver ultrasound data from the Taiwan Bio-Bank cohort, excluding those with positive HBsAg, positive anti-HCV, or "frequent drinker". MASLD involves hepatic steatosis and any of five cardiometabolic risk factors, whereas cryptogenic SLD features hepatic steatosis without these risk factors. Liver fibrosis severity was assessed by using NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS), while atherosclerosis was determined by carotid plaques on duplex ultrasound. RESULTS Among 17,595 subjects (age 55.47 ± 10.41; males 31.8%), 7538 participants (42.8%) had SLD, comprising 96.5% of MASLD and 3.5% of cryptogenic SLD. Cryptogenic SLD patients are younger and had a lower percentage of male than those with MASLD. After propensity score matching for age and sex, patients with cryptogenic SLD exhibited milder glucose and lipid profiles, fewer carotid plaques, lower liver steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis markers than those with MASLD. CONCLUSIONS In this large population-based study, cryptogenic SLD, the excluded group, occupy only 3.5% in NAFLD patients. It has lower liver and atherosclerotic risks than MASLD, supporting its exclusion from NAFLD and justifying the rationale for the new disease name and diagnostic criteria of MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Wen Wang
- Department of Education, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Hsieh
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ming Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tung's Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, New Taipei City and Hualien, Taiwan.
- Medical Department, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, 289 Jianguo Rd., Xindian Area, New Taipei City, 23142, Taiwan.
| | - Jia-Horng Kao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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20
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Sajiir H, Keshvari S, Wong KY, Borg DJ, Steyn FJ, Fercher C, Taylor K, Taylor B, Barnard RT, Müller A, Moniruzzaman M, Miller G, Wang R, Fotheringham A, Schreiber V, Sheng YH, Hancock JL, Loo D, Burr L, Huynh T, Lockett J, Ramm GA, Macdonald GA, Prins JB, McGuckin MA, Hasnain SZ. Liver and pancreatic-targeted interleukin-22 as a therapeutic for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4528. [PMID: 38811532 PMCID: PMC11137118 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48317-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is the most prevalent cause of liver disease worldwide, with a single approved therapeutic. Previous research has shown that interleukin-22 (IL-22) can suppress β-cell stress, reduce local islet inflammation, restore appropriate insulin production, reverse hyperglycemia, and ameliorate insulin resistance in preclinical models of diabetes. In clinical trials long-acting forms of IL-22 have led to increased proliferation in the skin and intestine, where the IL-22RA1 receptor is highly expressed. To maximise beneficial effects whilst reducing the risk of epithelial proliferation and cancer, we designed short-acting IL-22-bispecific biologic drugs that successfully targeted the liver and pancreas. Here we show 10-fold lower doses of these bispecific biologics exceed the beneficial effects of native IL-22 in multiple preclinical models of MASH, without off-target effects. Treatment restores glycemic control, markedly reduces hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrogenesis. These short-acting IL-22-bispecific targeted biologics are a promising new therapeutic approach for MASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haressh Sajiir
- Immunopathology Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sahar Keshvari
- Immunopathology Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kuan Yau Wong
- Immunopathology Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Danielle J Borg
- Immunopathology Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Frederik J Steyn
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Christian Fercher
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Karin Taylor
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Breten Taylor
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ross T Barnard
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Alexandra Müller
- Immunopathology Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Md Moniruzzaman
- Immunopathology Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Gregory Miller
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Envoi Specialist Pathologists, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ran Wang
- Immunopathology Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Amelia Fotheringham
- Immunopathology Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Veronika Schreiber
- Immunopathology Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yong Hua Sheng
- Immunopathology Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Dorothy Loo
- Proteomics Core Facility, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Lucy Burr
- Immunopathology Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Mater Health, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Tony Huynh
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Children's Health Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Mater Pathology, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jack Lockett
- Immunopathology Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Grant A Ramm
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Hepatic Fibrosis Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Graeme A Macdonald
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Johannes B Prins
- Health Translation Queensland, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Australia
| | - Michael A McGuckin
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sumaira Z Hasnain
- Immunopathology Group, Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
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21
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Jin Y, Shangguan Z, Pang J, Chen Y, Lin S, Liu H. Pin1 Exacerbates Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Enhancing Its Activity through Binding to ACC1. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5822. [PMID: 38892011 PMCID: PMC11171836 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a clinicopathological syndrome characterized by diffuse hepatocellular steatosis due to fatty deposits in hepatocytes, excluding alcohol and other known liver injury factors. However, there are no specific drugs for the clinical treatment of NAFLD. Therefore, research on the pathogenesis of NAFLD at the cellular and molecular levels is a promising approach to finding therapeutic targets and developing targeted drugs for NAFLD. Pin1 is highly expressed during adipogenesis and contributes to adipose differentiation, but its specific mechanism of action in NAFLD is unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of Pin1 in promoting the development of NAFLD and its potential mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. First, Pin1 was verified in the NAFLD model in vitro using MCD diet-fed mice by Western Blot, RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays. In the in vitro study, we used the oleic acid (OA) stimulation-induced lipid accumulation model and examined the lipid accumulation in each group of cells by oil red O staining as well as BODIPY staining. The results showed that knockdown of Pin1 inhibited lipid accumulation in hepatocytes in an in vitro lipid accumulation model and improved lipid indices and liver injury levels. Moreover, in vivo, WT and Pin1-KO mice were fed a methionine-choline deficient (MCD) diet for 4 weeks to induce the NAFLD model. The effects of Pin1 on lipid accumulation, hepatic fibrosis, and oxidative stress were evaluated by biochemical analysis, glucose and insulin tolerance tests, histological analysis, IHC, RT-qPCR and Western blot assays. The results indicate that Pin1 knockdown significantly alleviated hepatic steatosis, fibrosis and inflammation in MCD-induced NAFLD mice, improved glucose tolerance and alleviated insulin resistance in mice. Further studies showed that the AMPK/ACC1 signalling pathway might take part in the process by which Pin1 regulates NAFLD, as evidenced by the inhibition of the AMPK/ACC1 pathway. In addition, immunofluorescence (IF), coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and GST pull-down experiments also showed that Pin1 interacts directly with ACC1 and inhibits ACC1 phosphorylation levels. Our study suggests that Pin1 promotes NAFLD progression by inhibiting the activation of the AMPK/ACC1 signalling pathway, and it is possible that this effect is achieved by Pin1 interacting with ACC1 and inhibiting the phosphorylation of ACC1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Hekun Liu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, No. 1, Xuefu North Road, Fuzhou 350122, China; (Y.J.); (Z.S.); (J.P.); (Y.C.); (S.L.)
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22
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Senavirathna T, Shafaei A, Lareu R, Balmer L. Unlocking the Therapeutic Potential of Ellagic Acid for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:485. [PMID: 38671932 PMCID: PMC11047720 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is in epidemic proportions in many parts of the world, contributing to increasing rates of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD represents a range of conditions from the initial stage of fatty liver to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which can progress to severe fibrosis, through to hepatocellular carcinoma. There currently exists no treatment for the long-term management of NAFLD/NASH, however, dietary interventions have been investigated for the treatment of NASH, including several polyphenolic compounds. Ellagic acid is one such polyphenolic compound. Nutraceutical food abundant in ellagic acid undergoes initial hydrolysis to free ellagic acid within the stomach and small intestine. The proposed mechanism of action of ellagic acid extends beyond its initial therapeutic potential, as it is further broken down by the gut microbiome into urolithin. Both ellagic acid and urolithin have been found to alleviate oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis, which are associated with NAFLD/NASH. While progress has been made in understanding the pharmacological and biological activity of ellagic acid and its involvement in NAFLD/NASH, it has yet to be fully elucidated. Thus, the aim of this review is to summarise the currently available literature elucidating the therapeutic potential of ellagic acid and its microbial-derived metabolite urolithin in NAFLD/NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharani Senavirathna
- Centre for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA 6027, Australia;
| | - Armaghan Shafaei
- Centre for Integrative Metabolomics and Computational Biology, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA 6027, Australia;
| | - Ricky Lareu
- Curtin Medical School and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
| | - Lois Balmer
- Centre for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA 6027, Australia;
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23
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Ono H, Atsukawa M, Tsubota A, Arai T, Suzuki K, Higashi T, Kitamura M, Shioda‐Koyano K, Kawano T, Yoshida Y, Okubo T, Hayama K, Itokawa N, Kondo C, Nagao M, Iwabu M, Iwakiri K. Impact of pemafibrate in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease complicated by dyslipidemia: A single-arm prospective study. JGH Open 2024; 8:e13057. [PMID: 38572327 PMCID: PMC10986296 DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.13057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Background and Aim This study aimed to clarify the efficacy and safety of 48-week pemafibrate treatment in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) complicated by dyslipidemia. Methods A total of 110 patients diagnosed with MASLD complicated by dyslipidemia received pemafibrate at a dose of 0.1 mg twice daily for 48 weeks. Results The participants were 54 males and 37 females, with a median age of 63 (52-71) years. Besides improvement in lipid profile, significant reductions from baseline to 48 weeks of treatment were found in liver-related enzymes, such as aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, and alkaline phosphatase (P < 0.001 for all). A significant decrease in the homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was observed in patients with insulin resistance (HOMA-IR ≥ 2.5) (4.34 at baseline to 3.89 at Week 48, P < 0.05). Moreover, changes in ALT were weakly correlated with those in HOMA-IR (r = 0.34; p < 0.05). Regarding noninvasive liver fibrosis tests, platelets, Wisteria floribunda agglutinin-positive Mac-2-binding protein, type IV collagen 7s, and the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score significantly decreased from baseline to Week 48. Most adverse events were Grades 1-2, and no drug-related Grade 3 or higher adverse events were observed. Conclusion This study demonstrated that 48-week pemafibrate administration improved liver-related enzymes and surrogate marker of liver fibrosis in patients with MASLD. The improvement of insulin resistance by pemafibrate may contribute to the favorable effect on MASLD complicated by dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Ono
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyNippon Medical SchoolTokyoJapan
| | - Masanori Atsukawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyNippon Medical SchoolTokyoJapan
| | - Akihito Tsubota
- Project Research Units (PRU) Research Center for Medical ScienceThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Taeang Arai
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyNippon Medical SchoolTokyoJapan
| | - Kenta Suzuki
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyNippon Medical SchoolTokyoJapan
| | - Tetsuyuki Higashi
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyNippon Medical SchoolTokyoJapan
| | - Michika Kitamura
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyNippon Medical SchoolTokyoJapan
| | | | - Tadamichi Kawano
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyNippon Medical SchoolTokyoJapan
| | - Yuji Yoshida
- Division of GastroenterologyNippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh HospitalChibaJapan
| | - Tomomi Okubo
- Division of GastroenterologyNippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh HospitalChibaJapan
| | - Korenobu Hayama
- Division of GastroenterologyNippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh HospitalChibaJapan
| | - Norio Itokawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyNippon Medical SchoolTokyoJapan
| | - Chisa Kondo
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyNippon Medical SchoolTokyoJapan
| | - Mototsugu Nagao
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and MetabolismNippon Medical SchoolTokyoJapan
| | - Masato Iwabu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and MetabolismNippon Medical SchoolTokyoJapan
| | - Katsuhiko Iwakiri
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyNippon Medical SchoolTokyoJapan
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24
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Bacha F, Gupta R, Jenkins TM, Brandt ML, Inge TH, Kleiner DE, Xanthakos SA. Prognostic factors in resolution of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease post bariatric surgery in adolescents. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2024; 20:367-375. [PMID: 38155077 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The long-term effect of bariatric surgery on adolescent non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is not clear. OBJECTIVES To evaluate longitudinal change in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and to determine the factors independently associated with this change over 2 years after bariatric surgery in adolescents with severe obesity. SETTING An observational prospective cohort from the Teen-LABS Consortium. METHODS We examined the relationship of longitudinal change in serum ALT (% change and normalization) to change in body mass index (BMI), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglycerides (TG), high- (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, A1C and fasting glucose, accounting for age, sex, race-ethnicity, blood pressure, and baseline BMI in 219 adolescents during the first 2 years post-surgery. RESULTS Mean BMI declined from a baseline of 52.6 to 37.2 kg/m2 at 2 years (P < .01). Alanine aminotransferase decreased significantly from baseline (36.5 [95% CI: 31.4, 41.7]) to 6 months (30.5 [95% CI: 25.4, 35.6]), and remained stable at 12 and 24 months, all P < .01 versus baseline. After adjustment, improvement in BMI, fasting glucose, HOMA-IR, triglycerides, TG/HDL ratio, and HDL were independently associated with reduced ALT at 6 months. These remained significantly associated with a decline in ALT after adjusting for BMI change. The %participants with elevated ALT decreased from 71% at baseline to 42% and 36% at 1 and 2 years post-surgery. CONCLUSIONS Bariatric surgery resulted in significant and sustained improvement in ALT levels over 2 years. Although associated with weight loss, this decline was also associated with improved metabolic indices, independent of weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fida Bacha
- Children's Nutrition Research Center and Division of Pediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
| | - Resmi Gupta
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical and Translational Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Todd M Jenkins
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Mary L Brandt
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine and Children's Hospital New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Thomas H Inge
- Department of Surgery, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - David E Kleiner
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Stavra A Xanthakos
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
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25
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Choi H, Oh D, Kim HJ, Chambugong M, Kim MH, Lee MO, Park HG. An RORα agonist, ODH-08, inhibits fibrogenic activation of hepatic stellate cells via suppression of SMAD3. Life Sci 2024; 340:122443. [PMID: 38242496 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Hepatic fibrosis is a dynamic process characterized by the net accumulation of an extracellular matrix resulting from chronic liver injury such as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) plays a role in transdifferentiation of quiescent cells into fibrogenic myofibroblasts. We aimed to examine the function of retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor alpha (RORα) and its novel agonistic ligand, 1-(4-benzyloxybenzyl)-3-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-thiourea (ODH-08) against activation of HSCs using hepatic fibrosis mouse models. MAIN METHODS Chemical synthesis, a reporter gene assay, surface plasmon resonance analysis, and a docking study were performed to evaluate ODH-08 as a ligand of RORα. In vivo experiments with mice fed a Western diet were performed to evaluate the effect of ODH-08. The human HSC line, Lx-2, and primary mouse HSCs were employed to identify the molecular mechanisms underlying the antifibrogenic effect of ODH-08. KEY FINDINGS A novel RORα-selective ligand, ODH-08, was developed based on modification of JC1-40, an analog of N-methylthiourea. Administration of ODH-08 to the Western diet-fed mice reduced hepatic collagen deposition and expression levels of fibrogenic markers such as α-smooth muscle actin and collagen type I alpha 1 chain. Activation of RORα-either by transient overexpression of RORα or treatment with ODH-08-suppressed the expression of fibrogenic proteins in HSCs. The activation of RORα suppressed the activity of SMAD2 and 3, which are the primary downstream proteins of transforming growth factor β. SIGNIFICANCE RORα and its agonist ODH-08 have a potent antifibrotic effect, which could provide a novel antifibrotic strategy against hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haena Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Daehyun Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Ji Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Melody Chambugong
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Hyun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ock Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyeung-Geun Park
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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26
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Cabibi D, Giannone AG, Quattrocchi A, Calvaruso V, Porcasi R, Di Grusa D, Pavone AM, Comelli A, Petta S. Quantitative Evaluation by Digital Pathology of Immunohistochemical Expression of CK7, CK19, and EpCAM in Advanced Stages of NASH. Biomedicines 2024; 12:440. [PMID: 38398042 PMCID: PMC10887071 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis/Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NASH/NAFLD) is the most recurrent chronic liver disease. NASH could present with a cholestatic (C) or hepatic (H) pattern of damage. Recently, we observed that increased Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (EpCAM) expression was the main immunohistochemical feature to distinguish C from H pattern in NASH. (2) Methods: In the present study, we used digital pathology to compare the quantitative results of digital image analysis by QuPath software (Q-results), with the semi-quantitative results of observer assessment (S-results) for cytokeratin 7 and 19, (CK7, CK19) as well as EpCAM expression. Patients were classified into H or C group on the basis of the ratio between alanine transaminase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) values, using the "R-ratio formula". (3) Results: Q- and S-results showed a significant correlation for all markers (p < 0.05). Q-EpCAM expression was significantly higher in the C group than in the H group (p < 0.05). Importantly ALP, an indicator of hepatobiliary disorder, was the only biochemical parameter significantly correlated with Q-EpCAM. Instead, Q-CK7, but not Q-CK19, correlated only with γGlutamyl-Transferase (γGT). Of note, Stage 4 fibrosis correlated with Q-EpCAM, Q-CK19, and ALP but not with γGT or ALT. Conclusions: Image analysis confirms the relation between cholestatic-like pattern, associated with a worse prognosis, with increased ALP values, EpCAM positive biliary metaplasia, and advanced fibrosis. These preliminary data could be useful for the implementation of AI algorithms for the assessment of cholestatic NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Cabibi
- Unit of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Health Promotion Mother and Child Care Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University Hospital AOU Policlinico “P. Giaccone”, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (D.C.); (A.Q.); (R.P.)
| | - Antonino Giulio Giannone
- Unit of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Health Promotion Mother and Child Care Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University Hospital AOU Policlinico “P. Giaccone”, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (D.C.); (A.Q.); (R.P.)
| | - Alberto Quattrocchi
- Unit of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Health Promotion Mother and Child Care Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University Hospital AOU Policlinico “P. Giaccone”, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (D.C.); (A.Q.); (R.P.)
| | - Vincenza Calvaruso
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Health Promotion Mother and Child Care Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University Hospital AOU Policlinico “P. Giaccone”, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Rossana Porcasi
- Unit of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Health Promotion Mother and Child Care Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University Hospital AOU Policlinico “P. Giaccone”, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (D.C.); (A.Q.); (R.P.)
| | - Domenico Di Grusa
- Unit of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Health Promotion Mother and Child Care Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University Hospital AOU Policlinico “P. Giaccone”, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (D.C.); (A.Q.); (R.P.)
| | - Anna Maria Pavone
- Ri.MED Foundation, Via Bandiera 11, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (A.M.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Albert Comelli
- Ri.MED Foundation, Via Bandiera 11, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (A.M.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Salvatore Petta
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Health Promotion Mother and Child Care Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University Hospital AOU Policlinico “P. Giaccone”, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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27
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Fishman J, O’Connell T, Parrinello CM, Woolley JJ, Bercaw E, Charlton MR. Prevalence of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis and Associated Fibrosis Stages Among US Adults Using Imaging-Based vs Biomarker-Based Noninvasive Tests. JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2024; 11:32-43. [PMID: 38370007 PMCID: PMC10871169 DOI: 10.36469/001c.92223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Introduction: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is believed to be the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. Therapies are under development for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the progressive form of NAFLD, such that the prevalence of NASH with liver fibrosis, which is likely to require treatment, may be of interest to healthcare decision makers. Noninvasive tests are used in initial screening for NASH, as well as in observational studies of NASH prevalence. However, existing evidence does not address how estimated prevalence varies with different noninvasive tests. This analysis estimated the prevalence of NASH among US adults and assessed variation with different noninvasive tests. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using the 2017-March 2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycle. Participants with presumed NAFLD (steatosis and without alternative causes of liver disease) were identified, among whom NASH was predicted based on FAST score, Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4), and AST-to-Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) cutoffs across 11 scenarios. Among NASH participants, fibrosis stages were explored based on distribution across the spectrum of liver-stiffness measurements. Results: Among participants with complete data for the analysis (N=6969), prevalence of presumed NAFLD was 25.6%. Within presumed NAFLD, prediction of NASH using imaging-based NIT cutoffs yielded estimated prevalence of 1.3%-4.8% (3.3 million-12.2 million) based on FAST score cutoffs from 0.35-0.67. Using biomarker-based NIT cutoffs yielded estimated prevalence of 0.4%-12.3% (1.0 million-14.5 million) based on FIB-4 cutoffs from 0.90-2.67, and 0.1%-1.9% (0.2-5.0 million) based on APRI cutoffs from 0.50-1.50. Conclusion: Prevalence of NASH among US adults was estimated to range from 1.3% to 4.8% when predicted using imaging-based noninvasive test values for participants with presumed NAFLD, generally aligning with estimates in the literature of prevalence of biopsy-confirmed NASH. Use of biomarker-based noninvasive test values for prediction of NASH yielded a wider range of estimates with FIB-4, and a considerably lower range of estimates with APRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse Fishman
- Madrigal Pharmaceuticals, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | | | - Eric Bercaw
- Medicus Economics, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael R. Charlton
- Center for Liver Diseases, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Li R, Lu B, Li Q, Hu J, Huang Y, Wang Y, Qin G, Zhang W, Su Q, Zhu J, Xu Y, Jiang H, Wang X, Zhang K, Yang Y, Hu R. Characteristics of metabolic inflammatory syndrome among inpatients with type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study in China. Prim Care Diabetes 2024; 18:97-103. [PMID: 37993324 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As meta-inflammation is a common feature for obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and atherosclerosis, we have proposed a new concept, metabolic inflammatory syndrome (MIS), to cluster such diseases. We aimed to characterize MIS and explore its association with coronary heart disease (CHD) among T2D inpatients in China. METHODS A total number of 8344 T2D participants were enrolled. Each component of MIS and metabolic syndrome (MS) was analyzed. Their association with the risk of CHD was assessed using a binary logistic analysis. RESULTS Among the T2D inpatients, the detection rate of MIS was much higher than that of MS (93.6 % vs. 53.2 %). Among all the components of MIS and MS, carotid atherosclerosis (71.9 %) was most commonly detected, which increased with aging in subgroups. Surprisingly, the most common combination of MIS was with all 4 components in T2D patients, with a constituent ratio of 30.9 %. According to the odds ratios (ORs), MIS was a better predictor of CHD than MS, especially after adjustment for age, sex, smoking, and alcohol consumption (adjusted OR for MIS: 3.083; for MS: 1.515). The presence of more components of MIS was associated with a higher detection rate of CHD (P < 0.001). Among all the components of MIS and MS, carotid atherosclerosis best predicted the risk of CHD (adjusted OR: 1.787). CONCLUSIONS MIS is an independent risk factor for CHD, with a bigger OR value than MS. Carotid atherosclerosis, with the highest detection rate, was the best individual predictor of CHD and thus a critical component of MIS. The concept of MIS represents the understanding of metabolic diseases from the perspective of holistic integrative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumei Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Bin Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ji Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Yun Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Yangang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Guijun Qin
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Qing Su
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang 830054, China
| | - Yancheng Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hongwei Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Xinjun Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, China
| | - Keqing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University; Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Yuzhi Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Heilongjiang Province Hospital, Harbin 150036, China
| | - Renming Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
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Vargas M, Cardoso Toniasso SDC, Riedel PG, Baldin CP, Dos Reis FL, Pereira RM, Brum MCB, Joveleviths D, Alvares-da-Silva MR. Metabolic disease and the liver: A review. World J Hepatol 2024; 16:33-40. [PMID: 38313243 PMCID: PMC10835488 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i1.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common liver disease worldwide, with an estimated prevalence of 31% in Latin America. The presence of metabolic comorbidities coexisting with liver disease varies substantially among populations. It is acknowledged that obesity is boosting the type 2 diabetes mellitus "epidemic," and both conditions are significant contributors to the increasing number of patients with MASLD. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis represents a condition of chronic liver inflammation and is considered the most severe form of MASLD. MASLD diagnosis is based on the presence of steatosis, noninvasive scores and altered liver tests. Noninvasive scores of liver fibrosis, such as serum biomarkers, which should be used in primary care to rule out advanced fibrosis, are simple, inexpensive, and widely available. Currently, guidelines from international hepatology societies recommend using noninvasive strategies to simplify case finding and management of high-risk patients with MASLD in clinical practice. Unfortunately, there is no definite pharmacological treatment for the condition. Creating public health policies to treat patients with risk factors for MASLD prevention is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcia Vargas
- Program of Graduate Science in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90040-060, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Patricia G Riedel
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90040-060, Brazil
| | - Camila Pereira Baldin
- Program of Graduate Science in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clinicas Hospital of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90410000, Brazil
| | | | - Robson Martins Pereira
- Medicine Faculty Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90040-060, Brazil
| | | | - Dvora Joveleviths
- Program of Graduate Science in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90040-060, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Mario Reis Alvares-da-Silva
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clinicas Hospital of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035007, Brazil
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Sánchez V, Baumann A, Brandt A, Wodak MF, Staltner R, Bergheim I. Oral Supplementation of Phosphatidylcholine Attenuates the Onset of a Diet-Induced Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis in Female C57BL/6J Mice. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 17:785-800. [PMID: 38262589 PMCID: PMC10966192 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2024.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Changes in phosphatidylcholine levels in the liver have been associated with the development of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Here, the effects of supplementing phosphatidylcholine on the development of early signs of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis were assessed. METHODS Male and female C57BL/6J mice were fed a liquid control or a fructose-, fat-, and/or cholesterol-rich diet for 7 or 8 weeks. The diets of female mice were fortified ± phosphatidylcholine (12.5 mg/g diet). In liver tissue and portal blood, indices of liver damage, inflammation, and bacterial endotoxemia were measured. J774A.1 cells and human monocytes preincubated with phosphatidylcholine (0.38 mmol/L) were challenged with lipopolysaccharide (50-100 ng/mL) ± the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) activator pioglitazone (10 μmol/L) or ± a liver receptor homolog 1 (LRH-1) antagonist 1-(3'-[1-(2-[4-morpholinyl]ethyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-3-biphenylyl)ethanon (1-10 μmol/L). RESULTS In fructose-, fat-, and/or cholesterol-rich diet-fed mice the development of fatty liver and the beginning of inflammation were associated with significantly lower hepatic phosphatidylcholine levels when compared with controls. Supplementing phosphatidylcholine significantly attenuated the development of fatty liver and inflammation, being associated with protection against the induction of PPARγ2, and activation of nuclear factor of κ light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cell inhibitor α whereas Lrh1 expression was unchanged. The protective effects of phosphatidylcholine on the lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of J774A.1 cells and human monocytes were attenuated significantly by the PPARγ activator pioglitazone and the LRH-1 antagonist. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that phosphatidylcholine levels in the liver are lower in early metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis in mice and that supplementation of phosphatidylcholine can diminish the development of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease through mechanisms involving LRH-1/PPARγ2/ nuclear factor κ-light-chain enhancer of activated B-cell signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Sánchez
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anja Baumann
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Annette Brandt
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maximilian F Wodak
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Raphaela Staltner
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ina Bergheim
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Ramaiah P, Jamel Baljon K, Alsulami SA, Lindsay GM, Chinnasamy L. Diet quality indices and odds of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: a case-control study. Front Nutr 2024; 10:1251861. [PMID: 38260062 PMCID: PMC10800572 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1251861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives There are only limited studies investigating the impact of dietary quality indicators, such as dietary quality index (DQI), dietary diversity score (DDS), and alternative healthy eating index (AHEI), on metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MASLD). Furthermore, these indicators may have different components that could lead to varying results. Therefore, this study aims to assess the nutritional quality indicators and their potential association with MASLD. Methods The study included 128 recently diagnosed MASLD patients and 256 controls aged between 20 and 60 years. The dietary intake of participants was evaluated using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire that consisted of 168 items. In this study, the method used to evaluate dietary diversity was based on five main food groups, specifically bread and grains, vegetables, fruits, meat, and dairy. The AHEI-2010 was computed using data collected from the FFQ. Results After adjusting for confounders in the fully adjusted model, a significant negative correlation was observed between DDS and the risk of MASLD (OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.20, 0.97). Participants in the top quartile of AHEI had a 76% lower risk of MASLD compared with those in the bottom quartile after controlling for all potential confounders in the fully adjusted model (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.12, 0.56). Conclusion The results of our study suggest that there is a significant association between adherence to a high-diversity diet and a reduced likelihood of developing MASLD. Similarly, we observed a similar association between adherence to the AHEI diet and a lower risk of MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sana A. Alsulami
- Faculty of Nursing, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Grace M. Lindsay
- Faculty of Nursing, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Cheng KL, Wang SW, Cheng YM, Hsieh TH, Wang CC, Kao JH. Prevalence and clinical outcomes in subtypes of metabolic associated fatty liver disease. J Formos Med Assoc 2024; 123:36-44. [PMID: 37491179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2023.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE In 2020, metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) was proposed to replace non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with new diagnostic criteria. The prevalence and clinical outcomes of MAFLD subtypes remained unclear. METHODS The participants from Taiwan bio-bank cohort were included. MAFLD was defined as the presence of fatty liver, plus any of the following three conditions: overweight/obesity, diabetes mellitus (DM), or metabolic dysfunction. The patients with positive HBsAg or anti-HCV were considered as chronic HBV or HCV infection. NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) > 0.676 plus fibrosis 4 (FIB-4) score > 2.67 was defined as advanced liver fibrosis. Atherosclerosis was diagnosed as having carotid plaques on duplex ultrasounds. The clinical outcomes were assessed among four subtypes of MAFLD including DM, obesity, chronic HBV infection, and chronic HCV infection. RESULTS A total of 21,885 participants (mean age 55.34 ± 10.31; 35.69% males) were included in the final analysis. Among them, 38.83% were diagnosed with MAFLD. The prevalence of MAFLD was 66.95% in DM patients, 65.07% in obese participants, 33.74% in chronic HBV patients, and 30.23% in chronic HCV patients. Logistic regression analysis showed that the subtypes of DM and chronic HCV infection were associated with an increased risk of advanced liver fibrosis in MAFLD patients. Additionally, the subtypes of DM and lean were associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis, but a decreased risk of atherosclerosis in the subtype of chronic HBV infection. CONCLUSION This population-based study proves the concept that subtypes of MAFLD can help risk stratification of clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Lin Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Wen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ming Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tung's Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Hsieh
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
| | - Jia-Horng Kao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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Cheng PN, Chen WJ, Hou CJY, Lin CL, Chang ML, Wang CC, Chang WT, Wang CY, Lin CY, Hung CL, Peng CY, Yu ML, Chao TH, Huang JF, Huang YH, Chen CY, Chiang CE, Lin HC, Li YH, Lin TH, Kao JH, Wang TD, Liu PY, Wu YW, Liu CJ. Taiwan Association for the Study of the Liver-Taiwan Society of Cardiology Taiwan position statement for the management of metabolic dysfunction- associated fatty liver disease and cardiovascular diseases. Clin Mol Hepatol 2024; 30:16-36. [PMID: 37793641 PMCID: PMC10776290 DOI: 10.3350/cmh.2023.0315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is an increasingly common liver disease worldwide. MAFLD is diagnosed based on the presence of steatosis on images, histological findings, or serum marker levels as well as the presence of at least one of the three metabolic features: overweight/obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and metabolic risk factors. MAFLD is not only a liver disease but also a factor contributing to or related to cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which is the major etiology responsible for morbidity and mortality in patients with MAFLD. Hence, understanding the association between MAFLD and CVD, surveillance and risk stratification of MAFLD in patients with CVD, and assessment of the current status of MAFLD management are urgent requirements for both hepatologists and cardiologists. This Taiwan position statement reviews the literature and provides suggestions regarding the epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, risk stratification, nonpharmacological interventions, and potential drug treatments of MAFLD, focusing on its association with CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin-Nan Cheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jone Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Min-Sheng General Hospital, Taoyuan; Cardiovascular Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Chih-Lin Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renai Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ling Chang
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Chang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine and Doctoral Program of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medicine and Center of Excellence for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yung Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yen Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Lieh Hung
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yuan Peng
- Center for Digestive Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Lung Yu
- School of Medicine and Doctoral Program of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medicine and Center of Excellence for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hsing Chao
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jee-Fu Huang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsiang Huang
- Healthcare and Services Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yi Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chern-En Chiang
- General Clinical Research Center, and Cardiovascular Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Chieh Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Heng Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hsien Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine and Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Horng Kao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Dau Wang
- Cardiovascular Center, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Yen Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Wen Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Medical Center, and Department of Nuclear Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jen Liu
- Hepatitis Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Jiang R, Zhou Y, Han L, Hong Z. Serum vitamin D is associated with ultrasound-defined hepatic fibrosis. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2023; 47:102228. [PMID: 37865224 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2023.102228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidences from population-based investigations on the exact relationship between vitamin D and the severity of liver fibrosis remain debated and conflicting. Here, we aim to explore the relationship between serum vitamin D and ultrasound-defined advanced hepatic fibrosis in the US participants with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS In the retrospective study, individuals with intact information on interesting variables from the 2017-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were included. NAFLD was diagnosed on the basis of controlling attenuation parameter (CAP) value≥ 274 dB/m without causes of other chronic hepatic diseases. We identified advanced fibrosis grades (F2) by liver stiffness measurement (LSM) score of ≥ 8.2 kPa in NAFLD patients. The impact of elevated serum vitamin D on the prevalence of hepatic fibrosis was assessed by multivariate logistic regression models on the basis of the NHANES recommended weights. RESULTS The study involved 1624 subjects with NAFLD in total, and 305 (18.28 %, weighted%) of whom were diagnosed with advanced hepatic fibrosis according to the definition based on parameters obtained from vibration controlled transient elastography (VCTE). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, serum vitamin D presented a negative relationship to hepatic fibrosis with lower odds in patients with hepatic steatosis after being adjusted for potential confounding factors (fully adjusted: OR=0.47, 95 % CI: 0.24-0.90, p = 0.034). Our subgroup analysis revealed that the inverse relationship was still existed in males (fully adjusted: OR = 0.34, 95 % CI: 0.17-0.70, p = 0.014), non-obese subjects (fully adjusted: OR = 0.20, 95 % CI: 0.04-0.89, p = 0.042) and participants below 60 years (fully adjusted: OR = 0.43, 95 % CI: 0.21-0.90, p = 0.033), whereas in models adjusted for the potential confounding factors, no statistically significant correlation was noted in females, obese subjects or subjects with age≥ 60 years. CONCLUSIONS This large population-based investigation indicated that elevated serum vitamin D reduced the onset of advanced fibrosis diagnosed by ultrasound in males, non-obese subjects and younger participants with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Jiang
- Jiangsu Health Vocational College, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China.
| | - Yichao Zhou
- Department of Occupation Disease Prevention and Cure, Changzhou Wujin District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213100, China
| | - Lei Han
- Department of Occupation Disease Prevention and Cure, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China.
| | - Zhen Hong
- Jiangsu Health Vocational College, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China.
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Stadler S, Mohr A, Wagner A, Bäßler A, Fischer M, Putz FJ, Strack C, Li J, Arzt M. Weight loss induced alleviation of sleep-disordered breathing is associated with improvement of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Sleep Med 2023; 112:159-164. [PMID: 37866211 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are both common comorbidities in obese patients. Structured weight loss programs are effective and can reduce the incidence and severity of obesity-related comorbidities. The objective of the present analysis is to test whether weight loss induced alleviation of SDB is a predictor for improvement of NAFLD. METHODS Obese participants underwent a standardized non-surgical 3 months weight reduction program (800 kilocalories per day with low carbohydrate and fat content). Abdominal sonography for NAFLD (grade 0 to 3) and monitoring for SDB (defined as apnea-hypopnea index [AHI] ≥ 15/h) were performed at baseline and after 3 months. Alleviation of SDB was defined as a shift from AHI≥ 15/h to <15/h. RESULTS 48 patients (48% female, age 42 ± 12 years, body-mass index 40.3 ± 8.1 kg/m2, AHI 14 ± 17/h, 85% NAFLD grade ≥1) participated in the weight loss program. In contrast to the no SDB group, in patients with SDB weight loss of 27.1 ±0 .9 kg (8.4 ± 2.8 kg/m2) after three months was paralleled by a reduction in AHI (-22 ± 17/h), prevalence of SDB (from 31% to 13%), and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (-13 ± 11 U/l). In individuals with preexisting SDB NAFLD grade improved more (2 versus 1, p<0.001) and was at a lower degree at 3 months than in those without SDB (0 versus 1, p = 0.015). In multivariable analysis models, SDB at baseline was associated with improvement of NAFLD grade (B 0.908; 95% CI 0.125, 1.691; p = 0.024), independently of age, sex, and BMI (each p>0.05, respectively). Decreasing BMI (B 0.16 [95%-CI 0.08; 0.23], p<0.001) and alleviation of SDB (B 0.90 [95%-CI 0.21; 1.58], p = 0.012) were independently associated with improvement of NAFLD grade. CONCLUSION Preexisting SDB and weight loss induced alleviation of SDB are predictors for improvement in NAFLD grade, independent of the extent of weight loss. SDB may contribute to the pathogenesis of NAFLD via SDB-induced oxidative stress and inflammation, but the causal mechanism remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Stadler
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Germany.
| | - A Mohr
- Department of Pneumology, Clinic Donaustauf, Germany
| | - A Wagner
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Germany
| | - A Bäßler
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Germany
| | - M Fischer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine II, Clinic Kelheim, Germany
| | - F J Putz
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Germany
| | - C Strack
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Germany
| | - J Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Germany
| | - M Arzt
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Germany
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Ji Y, Wei CB, Gu W, Hou LL. Relevance of vitamin D on NAFLD and liver fibrosis detected by vibration controlled transient elastography in US adults: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES 2017-2018. Ann Med 2023; 55:2209335. [PMID: 37155562 PMCID: PMC10167885 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2209335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The connection between vitamin D to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is still unclear. Herein, the relationship of vitamin D with NAFLD and liver fibrosis (LF) detected by vibration controlled transient elastography was investigated in US adults. METHODS The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of 2017-2018 was employed for our analysis. Participants were categorized as having either vitamin D deficiency (<50 nmol/L) or vitamin D sufficiency (≥50 nmol/L). A controlled attenuation parameter score of ≥ 263 dB/m was employed to define NAFLD. Significant LF was identified by the liver stiffness measurement value of ≥ 7.9 kPa. Multivariate logistic regression was adopted to explore the relationships. RESULTS Among the 3407 participants, the prevalence of NAFLD and LF was 49.63% and 15.93% respectively. Compared to participants without NAFLD, no significant difference in serum vitamin D was observed in NALFD participants (74.26 vs. 72.24 nmol/L; p = 0.21). Using multivariate logistic regression analysis, no obvious connection of vitamin D status to NAFLD (sufficiency vs. deficiency, OR 0.89, 95%CI 0.70-1.13) was discovered. However, among NAFLD participants, the sufficiency of vitamin D represents a lower LF risk (OR 0.56, 95%CI 0.38-0.83). When evaluated in quartiles, in comparison to the lowest quartile, high vitamin D represents low LF risk in a dose-dependent manner (Q2 vs. Q1, OR 0.65, 95%CI 0.37-1.14; Q3 vs. Q1, OR 0.64, 95%CI 0.41-1.00; Q4 vs. Q1, OR 0.49, 95%CI 0.30-0.79). CONCLUSIONS No relationship was found between vitamin D and CAP-defined NAFLD. However, a positive connection of the high serum vitamin D to the reduced LF risk was found among NAFLD subjects.Key messages:Our study found no relationship between vitamin D and CAP-defined NAFLD in US adults.High serum vitamin D was inversely associated with liver fibrosis in a dose-dependent manner among NAFLD participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Ji
- Health Management Center, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chang-Bao Wei
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Wuxi 9th People’s Hospital Affiliated to Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wei Gu
- Health Management Center, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Lin-Lin Hou
- Health Management Center, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
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Emamat H, Farhadnejad H, Poustchi H, Teymoori F, Bahrami A, Hekmatdoost A. The association between dietary acid load and odds of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A case-control study. Nutr Health 2023; 29:637-644. [PMID: 35306902 DOI: 10.1177/02601060221088383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Data on the association between dietary acid load and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are scarce and controversial. Aim: This study aimed to assess the association between dietary acid-base loads and odds of NAFLD. Methods: In the current study, 196 cases of NAFLD (proven by a gastroenterologist using Fibroscan) and 803 age-matched controls were enrolled from the same clinic. Dietary intakes of patients with NAFLD and controls without hepatic steatosis were evaluated using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Dietary acid load was estimated using the validated potential renal acid load (PRAL) algorithm. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to estimate the odds of NAFLD across quintiles of PRAL. Results: The mean ± SD age of the study population (43% male) was 43.28 ± 14.02 years. The mean ± SD of PRAL was -1.90 ± 7.12 for all participants. After adjustment for all known confounders, subjects in the third quintile of PRAL (nearly with neutral PRAL) had a 54% lower odds of NAFLD compared with those in the lowest quintiles of the PRAL [(OR: 0.46; 95%CI: 0.24-0.89), (P = 0.021)]. However, the odds of NAFLD in the highest quintiles of PRAL was not different in comparison to the lowest quintiles (OR: 0.90; 95%CI: 0.41-1.57). Conclusion: In conclusion, our results have shown a modest U shaped relationship between PRAL and NAFLD. Further studies with acid-base biomarkers are needed to confirm the role of dietary acid load in the development of NAFLD and its potential mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Emamat
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology, Research Institute Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Farhadnejad
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology, Research Institute Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Poustchi
- Liver and pancreatobiliary research group, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshad Teymoori
- Student Research Committee, Iran University Of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Bahrami
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology, Research Institute Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology, Research Institute Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Chen S, Pang J, Huang R, You Y, Zhang H, Xue H, Chen X. Associations of Macronutrients Intake With MRI-determined Hepatic Fat Content, Hepatic Fibroinflammation, and NAFLD. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:e1660-e1669. [PMID: 37290038 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT A healthy lifestyle is the cornerstone of management in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the associations between dietary macronutrient composition and different aspects of NAFLD pathology are unclear and dietary recommendations for NAFLD are lacking. OBJECTIVE This work aimed to evaluate the associations of dietary macronutrient composition with hepatic steatosis, hepatic fibroinflammation, and NAFLD. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, a total of 12 620 UK Biobank participants who completed both the dietary questionnaire and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination were included in this study. Dietary consumption of macronutrient was self-reported and calculated. MRI-determined hepatic fat content, fibroinflammation, and NAFLD were estimated. RESULTS First, we found that saturated fatty acid (SFA) intake was associated with higher hepatic steatosis, fibroinflammation, and NAFLD prevalence. In contrast, higher fiber or protein intake was reversely correlated with hepatic steatosis and fibroinflammation. Interestingly, starch or sugar intake was significantly associated with hepatic fibroinflammation, whereas monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) intake was negatively correlated with hepatic fibroinflammation. Isocaloric analysis revealed that replacing SFA with sugar, fiber, or protein was significantly associated with a reduction in hepatic steatosis, while replacing starch, sugar, or SFA with protein or MUFA was significantly correlated with a decrease in hepatic fibroinflammation. CONCLUSION Overall, our results demonstrate that specific macronutrients are associated with different aspects of NAFLD, and specific dietary compositions should be recommended for distinct NAFLD-risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Pang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Huang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong 250013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiran You
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoyang Zhang
- School of Data and Computer Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Hongliang Xue
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
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Yusuf MU, Abdurahman N, Asmerom H, Atsbaha T, Alemu A, Weldegebreal F. Prevalence and Associated Factors of Anemia Among Hospital Admitted Patients in Eastern Ethiopia. J Blood Med 2023; 14:575-588. [PMID: 38023805 PMCID: PMC10657767 DOI: 10.2147/jbm.s431047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Anemia is one of the most common comorbidities frequently seen in admitted patients. However, there is a scarcity of evidence regarding anemia among hospital admitted patients in Ethiopia, particularly in the Harari Region. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of anemia among hospital admitted patients in Eastern Ethiopia. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from October 25 to December 30, 2022. Four milliliters of venous blood were collected and complete blood count was done using the DxH 800 (Beckman Coulter, Inc, Miami, FL) hematology analyzer. The data were entered in Epi-data version 4 and exported to SPSS version 26 for statistical analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression models were fitted. The level of significance was declared at a p-value of < 0.05. Results Of the 381 hospital admitted patients, 64.8% (95% CI = 60.01, 69.65) of the participants were anemic. Admitted patients who drank standard alcohol daily (AOR = 3.78, 95% CI = 1.71, 8.30), underweight (AOR = 9.39, 95% CI = 2.90, 30.46), and undernourished patients (AOR = 2.59, 95% CI = 1.15, 5.84), patients admitted with chronic kidney disease (AOR = 11.16, 95% CI = 4.06, 30.64), chronic liver disease (AOR = 3.20, 95% CI = 1.21, 8.47), deep vein thrombosis (AOR = 6.22, 95% CI = 1.98, 19.52), infectious disease (AOR = 9.71, 95% CI = 2.77, 34.02), and chronic non-communicable disease (AOR = 7.01, 95% CI = 1.90, 25.99) were all significantly associated with anemia. Conclusion Anemia was common among hospital admitted patients and should prompt the focus on admission diagnoses that are likely to play leading roles in etiology. This information indicates a need for routine screening of anemia for all admitted patients to improve their health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Umer Yusuf
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Nuredin Abdurahman
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Haftu Asmerom
- School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Tesfaye Atsbaha
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Adisu Alemu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Fitsum Weldegebreal
- School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
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Rida R, Kreydiyyeh S. Effect of FTY720P on lipid accumulation in HEPG2 cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19716. [PMID: 37953311 PMCID: PMC10641067 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46011-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by an increase in hepatic lipid accumulation due to impaired lipid metabolism. Although a correlation was found between NAFLD and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), the role of the sphingolipid remains controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate any involvement of S1P in steatosis using its analog FTY720P and HepG2 cells. Lipid accumulation was induced by incubating the cells in a mixture of oleic and palmitic acid, and was quantified using Oil Red O. The involvement of signaling mediators was studied using pharmacological inhibitors and western blot analysis. FTY720P increased lipid accumulation, but this increase wasn't maintained in the presence of inhibitors of S1PR3, Gq, SREBP, mTOR, PI3K, and PPARγ indicating their involvement in the process. The results revealed that FTY720P binds to S1PR3 which activates sequentially Gq, PI3K, and mTOR leading to an increase in SREBP expression and PPARγ activation. It was concluded that in presence of a high level of fatty acids, lipid accumulation is increased in hepatocytes by the exogenously added FTY720P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Rida
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sawsan Kreydiyyeh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Massemin A, Goehrig D, Flaman J, Jaber S, Griveau A, Djebali S, Marcos E, Payen L, Marvel J, Parent R, Adnot S, Bertolino P, Rieusset J, Tortereau A, Vindrieux D, Bernard D. Loss of Pla2r1 decreases cellular senescence and age-related alterations caused by aging and Western diets. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13971. [PMID: 37667516 PMCID: PMC10652324 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is induced by many stresses including telomere shortening, DNA damage, oxidative, or metabolic stresses. Senescent cells are stably cell cycle arrested and they secrete many factors including cytokines and chemokines. Accumulation of senescent cells promotes many age-related alterations and diseases. In this study, we investigated the role of the pro-senescent phospholipase A2 receptor 1 (PLA2R1) in regulating some age-related alterations in old mice and in mice subjected to a Western diet, whereas aged wild-type mice displayed a decreased ability to regulate their glycemia during glucose and insulin tolerance tests, aged Pla2r1 knockout (KO) mice efficiently regulated their glycemia and displayed fewer signs of aging. Loss of Pla2r1 was also found protective against the deleterious effects of a Western diet. Moreover, these Pla2r1 KO mice were partially protected from diet-induced senescent cell accumulation, steatosis, and fibrosis. Together these results support that Pla2r1 drives several age-related alterations, especially in the liver, arising during aging or through a Western diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Massemin
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon BérardUniversité de LyonLyonFrance
- Equipe Labellisée la Ligue Contre le CancerLyonFrance
| | - Delphine Goehrig
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon BérardUniversité de LyonLyonFrance
- Equipe Labellisée la Ligue Contre le CancerLyonFrance
| | - Jean‐Michel Flaman
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon BérardUniversité de LyonLyonFrance
- Equipe Labellisée la Ligue Contre le CancerLyonFrance
| | - Sara Jaber
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon BérardUniversité de LyonLyonFrance
| | - Audrey Griveau
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon BérardUniversité de LyonLyonFrance
| | - Sophia Djebali
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm U1111, CNRS UMR5308, École Normale Supérieure de LyonUniversité de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1LyonFrance
| | - Elisabeth Marcos
- INSERM U955, Département de Physiologie ‐ Explorations fonctionnelles, Hôpital Henri MondorAP‐HP, FHU SENECCréteilFrance
| | - Léa Payen
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Centre Hospitalier Lyon SudHospices Civils de LyonPierre BéniteFrance
| | - Jacqueline Marvel
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm U1111, CNRS UMR5308, École Normale Supérieure de LyonUniversité de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1LyonFrance
| | - Romain Parent
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon BérardUniversité de LyonLyonFrance
| | - Serge Adnot
- INSERM U955, Département de Physiologie ‐ Explorations fonctionnelles, Hôpital Henri MondorAP‐HP, FHU SENECCréteilFrance
| | - Philippe Bertolino
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon BérardUniversité de LyonLyonFrance
- Equipe Labellisée la Ligue Contre le CancerLyonFrance
| | - Jennifer Rieusset
- CarMeN Laboratory, UMR INSERM U1060/INRA U1397Lyon 1 UniversityPierre béniteFrance
| | - Antonin Tortereau
- VetAgro Sup, Interactions Cellules Environnement (ICE)Université de LyonMarcy l'EtoileFrance
| | - David Vindrieux
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon BérardUniversité de LyonLyonFrance
- Equipe Labellisée la Ligue Contre le CancerLyonFrance
| | - David Bernard
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon BérardUniversité de LyonLyonFrance
- Equipe Labellisée la Ligue Contre le CancerLyonFrance
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Afshari H, Noori S, Zarghi A. A novel combination of metformin and resveratrol alleviates hepatic steatosis by activating autophagy through the cAMP/AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:3135-3148. [PMID: 37209153 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02520-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent liver disorder that is associated with the accumulation of triglycerides (TG) in hepatocytes. Resveratrol (RSV), as a natural product, and metformin have been reported to have potential lipid-lowering effects for the treatment of NAFLD via autophagy, but the combined effects of both have not yet been studied. The current study aimed to investigate the role of autophagy in the lipid-lowering effects of RSV, alone and in combination with metformin, on the hepatic steatosis model of HepG2 cells and elucidate the mechanism of action. Triglyceride measurement and real-time PCR showed that RSV-metformin reduced lipid accumulation and the expression of lipogenic genes in palmitic acid (PA)-induced HepG2 cells. Additionally, the LDH release assay indicated that this combination protected HepG2 cells against PA-induced cell death through autophagy. The western blotting analysis revealed that RSV-metformin induced autophagy by reducing the expression of p62 and increasing LC3-I and LC3-II proteins. This combination also enhanced cAMP, phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK), and Beclin-1 levels in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, SIRT1 inhibitor treatment inhibited autophagy induced by RSV-metformin, which indicated the autophagy induction is SIRT1-dependent. This study demonstrated for the first time that RSV-metformin reduced hepatic steatosis by triggering autophagy via the cAMP/AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Havva Afshari
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shokoofe Noori
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Afshin Zarghi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Chihara K, Okada K, Uchida F, Miura I, Komine S, Warabi E, Takayama T, Suzuki H, Matsuzaka T, Ishibashi-Kanno N, Yamagata K, Yanagawa T, Bukawa H, Shoda J. Macrophage specific restoration of the Nrf2 gene in whole-body knockout mice ameliorates steatohepatitis induced by lipopolysaccharide from Porphyromonas gingivalis through enhanced hepatic clearance. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291880. [PMID: 37862331 PMCID: PMC10588835 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.), which causes periodontal disease, contributes to the development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We investigated the role of Nrf2, an antioxidative stress sensor, in macrophages in the development of NASH induced by LPS from P.g. We generated macrophage-specific Nrf2 gene rescue mice (Nrf2-mRes), which express Nrf2 only in macrophages, using the cre/loxp system. Wild-type (WT) mice, whole body Nrf2-knockout (Nrf2-KO) mice, and Nrf2-mRes mice were fed a high-fat diet for 18 weeks, and LPS from P.g. was administered intraperitoneally for the last 6 weeks. Nrf2-KO mice developed severe steatohepatitis with liver inflammation and fibrosis compared with WT mice, and steatohepatitis was ameliorated in Nrf2-mRes mice. The mRNA expressions of Toll-like receptor (Tlr)-2, which activates inflammatory signaling pathways after LPS binding, and α-smooth muscle actin (αSma), which promotes hepatic fibrosis, were reduced in Nrf2-mRes mice compared with Nrf2-KO mice. The protein levels of LPS-binding protein in livers were increased in Nrf2-KO mice compared with WT mice; however, the levels were reduced in Nrf2-mRes mice despite similar numbers of F4/80 positive cells, which reflect macrophage/Kupffer cell infiltration into the livers. Nrf2 in macrophages ameliorates NASH through the increased hepatic clearance of LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Chihara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan
- Doctoral Program in Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kosuke Okada
- Division of Medical Sciences, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Uchida
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ikuru Miura
- Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shoichi Komine
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Faculty of Human Care, Teikyo Heisei University, Toshima-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eiji Warabi
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takako Takayama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hideo Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsuzaka
- Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Naomi Ishibashi-Kanno
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kenji Yamagata
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Toru Yanagawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroki Bukawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Junichi Shoda
- Division of Medical Sciences, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan
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To K, Okada K, Watahiki T, Suzuki H, Tsuchiya K, Tokushige K, Yamamoto M, Ariizumi S, Shoda J. Immunohistochemical expression of NRF2 is correlated with the magnitude of inflammation and fibrosis in chronic liver disease. Cancer Med 2023; 12:19423-19437. [PMID: 37732511 PMCID: PMC10587934 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nuclear factor E2-related factor 2-Kelch-like Ech-associated protein (NRF2-KEAP1) pathway is a major cellular defense mechanism against oxidative stress. However, the role of NRF2-KEAP1 signaling in the development of chronic liver disease remains unclear. METHODS Clinical liver specimens from 50 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) developed from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), 49 HCCs developed from chronic viral hepatitis C (CHc), and 48 liver metastases of colorectal cancer (CRC) from both tumorous and non-tumorous areas were collected during hepatic resection surgery. They were evaluated by immunohistochemical analyses of hematoxylin-eosin, Masson's trichrome, NRF2, and KEAP1, and compared with clinicopathological information. RESULTS Hepatic inflammation and fibrosis were more severe in the low-intensity NRF2 group than in the high-intensity NRF2 group both between CRC and NASH (Low vs. High: inflammation; p = 0.003, fibrosis; p = 0.014), and between CRC and CHc (Low vs. High: inflammation; p = 0.031, fibrosis; p = 0.011), which could indicate that NRF2 expression in cytosol of hepatocytes was inversely correlated with liver inflammation and fibrosis in non-tumorous areas. The dense staining of NRF2 in the nuclei of non-tumor hepatocytes positively correlated with liver inflammation (CRC and NASH; R = 0.451, p < 0.001, CRC and CHc; R = 0.502, p < 0.001) and fibrosis (CRC and NASH; R = 0.566, p < 0.001, CRC and CHc; R = 0.548, p < 0.001) in both NASH and CHc, and was inversely correlated with hepatic spare ability features such as platelet count (R = -0.253, p = 0.002) and prothrombin time (R = -0.206, p = 0.012). However, KEAP1 expression was not correlated with NRF2 expression levels and nuclear staining intensity. CONCLUSIONS Nuclear translocation of NRF2 was correlated with the magnitude of liver inflammation and fibrosis in chronic liver disease. These results suggest that NRF2 plays a protective role in the development of chronic liver diseases such as NASH and CHc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keii To
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaIbarakiJapan
- Doctoral Program in Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human SciencesUniversity of TsukubaIbarakiJapan
| | - Kosuke Okada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaIbarakiJapan
- Division of Medical Sciences, Institute of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaIbarakiJapan
| | - Takahisa Watahiki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaIbarakiJapan
| | - Hideo Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaIbarakiJapan
| | - Kiichiro Tsuchiya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaIbarakiJapan
| | - Katsutoshi Tokushige
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Internal MedicineTokyo Women's Medical UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Masakazu Yamamoto
- Department of Surgery, Institute of GastroenterologyTokyo Women's Medical UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Shun‐ichi Ariizumi
- Department of Surgery, Institute of GastroenterologyTokyo Women's Medical UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Junichi Shoda
- Division of Medical Sciences, Institute of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaIbarakiJapan
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Luo J, Watson WH, Gripshover TC, Qaissi Z, Wahlang B. Sex-specific effects of acute chlordane exposure in the context of steatotic liver disease, energy metabolism and endocrine disruption. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 180:114024. [PMID: 37666290 PMCID: PMC10617492 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Chlordane is an organochlorine pesticide (OCP) that is environmentally persistent. Although exposures to OCPs including chlordane have been associated with elevated liver enzymes, current knowledge on OCPs' contribution to toxicant-associated steatotic liver disease (TASLD) and underlying sex-specific metabolic/endocrine disruption are still widely limited. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the sex-dependent effects of chlordane in the context of TASLD. Age-matched male and female C57BL/6 mice were exposed to chlordane (20 mg/kg, one-time oral gavage) for two weeks. Female mice generally exhibited lower bodyfat content but more steatosis and hepatic lipid levels, consistent with increased hepatic mRNA levels of genes involved in lipid synthesis and uptake. Surprisingly, chlordane-exposed females demonstrated lower hepatic cholesterol levels. With regards to metabolic disruption, chlordane exposure decreased expression of genes involved in glycogen and glucose metabolism (Pklr, Gck), while chlordane-exposed females also exhibited decreased gene expression of HNF4A, an important regulator of liver identity and function. In terms of endocrine endpoints, chlordane augmented plasma testosterone levels in males. Furthermore, chlordane activated hepatic xenobiotic receptors, including the constitutive androstane receptor, in a sex-dependent manner. Overall, chlordane exposure led to altered hepatic energy metabolism, and potential chlordane-sex interactions regulated metabolic/endocrine disruption and receptor activation outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhu Luo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Walter H Watson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA; The Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA; The Hepatobiology and Toxicology Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Tyler C Gripshover
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA; Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Zayna Qaissi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Banrida Wahlang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA; The Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA; The Hepatobiology and Toxicology Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA; Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
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Vakil Z, Ahire K. Clinical Profile of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and its Correlation with Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Risk. Int J Appl Basic Med Res 2023; 13:234-239. [PMID: 38229733 PMCID: PMC10789464 DOI: 10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_138_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been projected, within the next 20 years, to become the major cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality as well as a leading indication for liver transplantation. Affected South Asian Indians are at higher risk for the development of metabolic syndrome (MS), type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. There is a dearth of data related to NAFLD and its various sequelae and correlation with cardiovascular disease in South Asia. Materials and Methods It was an observational, prospective study conducted over 2 years on 80 patients in a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai. All patients diagnosed with NAFLD were investigated for MS according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria, and a relationship between NAFLD and MS was correlated. Results MS was found to be present in 72.5% of the patients. Significant results were obtained while correlating MS parameters and fatty liver grading, implying that patients with a higher fatty liver grading were more likely to have derangements in metabolic markers. Conclusion NAFLD was found to be associated with an increased incidence of MS and thereby a higher risk of cardiovascular disease, warranting a high index of suspicion for both. A higher ultrasound grading of fatty liver was found to be associated with an increased incidence of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahaan Vakil
- Department of General Medicine, Seth G. S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kiran Ahire
- Department of General Medicine, Seth G. S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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El-Serag HB, Akhdar G, Thrift AP, Luster M, Khaderi S, Alsarraj A, Duong H, Kanwal F. Bioimpedance analysis predicts the etiology of cirrhosis in a prospective cohort study. Hepatol Commun 2023; 7:e0253. [PMID: 37695087 PMCID: PMC10497244 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing cirrhosis. However, body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) may not be indicative of body composition parameters that predispose to cirrhosis. Bioimpedance analysis (BIA) is a noninvasive cost-efficient method for more detailed estimation of body composition. METHODS We examined patients with cirrhosis who underwent BIA as part of enrollment into a prospective cohort study. We examined the correlation between BIA variables, BMI, and WHR. We performed sex-adjusted and race-adjusted and race-specific multivariable logistic regression analyses to examine the association between anthropometric variables and risk factors [NAFLD, alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), and HCV]. RESULTS We analyzed data from 348 cirrhosis patients; 23.3% were women; 48.3% were non-Hispanic White; 19.3% were Hispanic; and 30.7% were African American. The cirrhosis etiology was 21.8% NAFLD, 56.9% HCV mostly cured, and 11.5% ALD. Several BIA variables correlated well with BMI, and others showed modest correlations, but none correlated well with WHR. Higher body fat mass and basal metabolic rate were positively associated, while higher lean body mass, dry lean mass, total body water, or skeletal muscle mass were negatively associated with NAFLD. Associations between these BIA parameters and ALD-related cirrhosis were in the opposite direction. These associations of BIA variables were seen only in Hispanic and non-Hispanic White patients but not non-Hispanic Blacks. BIA variables were more predictive of cirrhosis etiology than BMI or WHR. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with cirrhosis, several BIA-derived measurements indicative of body fat and muscle are associated with NAFLD and ALD etiology. BIA variables show stronger associations, as well as race/ethnicity-specific associations, with cirrhosis etiology than those of BMI or WHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hashem B. El-Serag
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development Service Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness, and Safety (IQuESt), Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Aaron P. Thrift
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Michelle Luster
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Saira Khaderi
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Abeer Alsarraj
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development Service Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness, and Safety (IQuESt), Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Hao Duong
- Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development Service Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness, and Safety (IQuESt), Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Fasiha Kanwal
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development Service Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness, and Safety (IQuESt), Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Shi M, Zhang H, Wang W, Zhang X, Liu J, Wang Q, Wang Y, Zhang C, Guo X, Qiao Q, Cui C, Xu J, Wang J. Effect of dapagliflozin on liver and pancreatic fat in patients with type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Diabetes Complications 2023; 37:108610. [PMID: 37722211 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2023.108610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the effect of dapagliflozin on liver fat content (LFC) and pancreatic fat content (PFC). MATERIALS AND METHODS 84 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were randomly assigned to receive either dapagliflozin (n = 42) or serve as controls (n = 42). The primary endpoint is changes in LFC and PFC using magnetic resonance imaging estimated proton density fat fraction. Secondary outcomes include liver fibrosis index, inflammatory cytokine levels, and liver enzyme levels. RESULTS At week 24, the dapagliflozin group significantly reduced LFC (P < 0.001) and PFC (P = 0.033) compared to the control group. Differences were also observed in serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (P = 0.004), interleukin-6 (IL-6) (P = 0.001), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (P < 0.001) between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Dapagliflozin can significantly decrease LFC and PFC in patients with T2D and NAFLD. It also improves serum ALT, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels, making it a promising treatment option for NAFLD. The trial is registered on Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Registration No. ChiCTR2100054612).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengran Shi
- Department of Nutrition of Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Nutrition of Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Nutrition of Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology of Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiawei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology of Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qixian Wang
- Department of Endocrinology of Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology of Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunlin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology of Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoqin Guo
- Department of Endocrinology of Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiao Qiao
- Department of Endocrinology of Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chun Cui
- Department of Imaging of Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Endocrinology of Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Nutrition of Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Syed-Abdul MM. Expanding Pharmacists' Role in the Management of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. PHARMACY 2023; 11:151. [PMID: 37736923 PMCID: PMC10514885 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy11050151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) stands as an increasingly pressing global health challenge, underscoring the need for timely identification to facilitate effective treatment and prevent the progression of chronic liver disorders. Given the projected scarcity of specialized healthcare professionals, particularly hepatologists and gastroenterologists, the role of pharmacists emerges as pivotal in NAFLD management. This article sheds light on the potential of pharmacists within community pharmacy settings, not as diagnostic entities, but as facilitators in recognizing and screening individuals at elevated NAFLD risk using validated non-invasive tools like portable devices and calculators. By prioritizing patient education, referrals, and continuous monitoring, pharmacists can refine NAFLD management, ultimately advancing patient outcomes. Enhancing pharmacists' impact in early NAFLD detection and management can be facilitated through collaborations with healthcare institutions and the incorporation of patient self-assessment tools. This collaborative approach holds promise for further promoting improved liver health within the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Mufaqam Syed-Abdul
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
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50
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Li C, Shen N, Yang S, Wang HL. Effects of BPA Exposure and Recovery on the Expression of Genes Involved in the Hepatic Lipid Metabolism in Male Mice. TOXICS 2023; 11:775. [PMID: 37755785 PMCID: PMC10535508 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11090775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to Bisphenol A (BPA) has led to an increased risk of obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLDs). However, it is as yet unclear if the damage caused by BPA is able to be repaired sufficiently after exposure has ceased. Therefore, this project aims to investigate the effects of BPA on the hepatic lipid metabolism function and its potential mechanisms in mice by comparing the BPA exposure model and the BPA exposure + cessation of drug treatment model. Herein, the male C57BL/6 mice were exposed in the dose of 50 μg/kg/day and 500 μg/kg/day BPA for 8 weeks, and then transferred to a standard chow diet for another 8 weeks to recover. Based on our previous RNA-seq study, we examined the expression patterns of some key genes. The results showed that the mice exposed to BPA manifested NAFLD features. Importantly, we also found that there was a significant expression reversion for SCD1, APOD, ANGPT4, PPARβ, LPL and G0S2 between the exposure and recovery groups, especially for SCD1 and APOD (p < 0.01). Notably, BPA could significantly decrease the level of APOD protein (p < 0.01) whereas there was an extremely significant increase after the exposure ceased. Meanwhile, APOD over-expression suppressed TG accumulation in the AML12 cells. In conclusion, the damage caused by BPA is able to be repaired by the upregulation of APOD and exposure to BPA should be carefully examined in chronic liver metabolic disorders or diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqing Li
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Nan Shen
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Shaohua Yang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Hui-Li Wang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
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