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Iwata A, Maruyama J, Natsuki S, Nishiyama A, Tamura T, Tanaka M, Shichino S, Seki T, Komai T, Okamura T, Fujio K, Tanaka M, Asano K. Egr2 drives the differentiation of Ly6C hi monocytes into fibrosis-promoting macrophages in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis in mice. Commun Biol 2024; 7:681. [PMID: 38831027 PMCID: PMC11148031 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06357-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), previously called non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), is a growing concern worldwide, with liver fibrosis being a critical determinant of its prognosis. Monocyte-derived macrophages have been implicated in MASH-associated liver fibrosis, yet their precise roles and the underlying differentiation mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we unveil a key orchestrator of this process: long chain saturated fatty acid-Egr2 pathway. Our findings identify the transcription factor Egr2 as the driving force behind monocyte differentiation into hepatic lipid-associated macrophages (hLAMs) within MASH liver. Notably, Egr2-deficiency reroutes monocyte differentiation towards a macrophage subset resembling resident Kupffer cells, hampering hLAM formation. This shift has a profound impact, suppressing the transition from benign steatosis to liver fibrosis, demonstrating the critical pro-fibrotic role played by hLAMs in MASH pathogenesis. Long-chain saturated fatty acids that accumulate in MASH liver emerge as potent inducers of Egr2 expression in macrophages, a process counteracted by unsaturated fatty acids. Furthermore, oral oleic acid administration effectively reduces hLAMs in MASH mice. In conclusion, our work not only elucidates the intricate interplay between saturated fatty acids, Egr2, and monocyte-derived macrophages but also highlights the therapeutic promise of targeting the saturated fatty acid-Egr2 axis in monocytes for MASH management.
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Grants
- 22H05190 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- 22H05064 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- JPMXP0618217493, JPMXP0622717006, and JPMXP0723833149 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- 20H03473 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science London (JSPS London)
- 21K06877 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science London (JSPS London)
- JP18gm1210002 Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)
- JP21gm6210025 Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)
- Ono Medical Research Foundation
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Iwata
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Juri Maruyama
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Shibata Natsuki
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Akira Nishiyama
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Tamura
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
- Advanced Medical Research Center, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Minoru Tanaka
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Shichino
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, 278-0022, Japan
| | - Takao Seki
- Department of Biochemistry, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 143-8540, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Komai
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Okamura
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Keishi Fujio
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Masato Tanaka
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan.
| | - Kenichi Asano
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan.
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2
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Huang Z, Sung HK, Yan X, He S, Jin L, Wang Q, Wu X, Hsu HH, Pignalosa A, Crawford K, Sweeney G, Xu A. The adiponectin-derived peptide ALY688 protects against the development of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis. Clin Transl Sci 2024; 17:e13760. [PMID: 38847320 PMCID: PMC11157418 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is the severe form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease which has a high potential to progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, yet adequate effective therapies are lacking. Hypoadiponectinemia is causally involved in the pathogenesis of MASH. This study investigated the pharmacological effects of adiponectin replacement therapy with the adiponectin-derived peptide ALY688 (ALY688-SR) in a mouse model of MASH. Human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell-derived hepatocytes were used to test cytotoxicity and signaling of unmodified ALY688 in vitro. High-fat diet with low methionine and no added choline (CDAHF) was used to induce MASH and test the effects of ALY688-SR in vivo. Histological MASH activity score (NAS) and fibrosis score were determined to assess the effect of ALY688-SR. Transcriptional characterization of mice through RNA sequencing was performed to indicate potential molecular mechanisms involved. In cultured hepatocytes, ALY688 efficiently induced adiponectin-like signaling, including the AMP-activated protein kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways, and did not elicit cytotoxicity. Administration of ALY688-SR in mice did not influence body weight but significantly ameliorated CDAHF-induced hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis, therefore effectively preventing the development and progression of MASH. Mechanistically, ALY688-SR treatment markedly induced hepatic expression of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation, whereas it significantly suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic genes as demonstrated by transcriptomic analysis. ALY688-SR may represent an effective approach in MASH treatment. Its mode of action involves inhibition of hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis, possibly via canonical adiponectin-mediated signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Huang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
- Department of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Science, School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | | | - Xingqun Yan
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
- Department of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Shiyu He
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
- Department of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Leigang Jin
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
- Department of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Qin Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
- Department of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Xuerui Wu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
- Department of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | | | | | | | - Gary Sweeney
- Department of BiologyYork UniversityTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Aimin Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
- Department of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacyThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina
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3
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Vacca M, Kamzolas I, Harder LM, Oakley F, Trautwein C, Hatting M, Ross T, Bernardo B, Oldenburger A, Hjuler ST, Ksiazek I, Lindén D, Schuppan D, Rodriguez-Cuenca S, Tonini MM, Castañeda TR, Kannt A, Rodrigues CMP, Cockell S, Govaere O, Daly AK, Allison M, Honnens de Lichtenberg K, Kim YO, Lindblom A, Oldham S, Andréasson AC, Schlerman F, Marioneaux J, Sanyal A, Afonso MB, Younes R, Amano Y, Friedman SL, Wang S, Bhattacharya D, Simon E, Paradis V, Burt A, Grypari IM, Davies S, Driessen A, Yashiro H, Pors S, Worm Andersen M, Feigh M, Yunis C, Bedossa P, Stewart M, Cater HL, Wells S, Schattenberg JM, Anstee QM, Tiniakos D, Perfield JW, Petsalaki E, Davidsen P, Vidal-Puig A. An unbiased ranking of murine dietary models based on their proximity to human metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Nat Metab 2024; 6:1178-1196. [PMID: 38867022 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-01043-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), previously known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, encompasses steatosis and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), leading to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Preclinical MASLD research is mainly performed in rodents; however, the model that best recapitulates human disease is yet to be defined. We conducted a wide-ranging retrospective review (metabolic phenotype, liver histopathology, transcriptome benchmarked against humans) of murine models (mostly male) and ranked them using an unbiased MASLD 'human proximity score' to define their metabolic relevance and ability to induce MASH-fibrosis. Here, we show that Western diets align closely with human MASH; high cholesterol content, extended study duration and/or genetic manipulation of disease-promoting pathways are required to intensify liver damage and accelerate significant (F2+) fibrosis development. Choline-deficient models rapidly induce MASH-fibrosis while showing relatively poor translatability. Our ranking of commonly used MASLD models, based on their proximity to human MASLD, helps with the selection of appropriate in vivo models to accelerate preclinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Vacca
- TVP Lab, WT/MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
- Laboratory of Liver Metabolism and MASLD, Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, London, UK.
| | - Ioannis Kamzolas
- TVP Lab, WT/MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lea Mørch Harder
- Research and Early Development, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Fiona Oakley
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Christian Trautwein
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Maximilian Hatting
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Trenton Ross
- Internal Medicine research Research Unit, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Barbara Bernardo
- Internal Medicine research Research Unit, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Anouk Oldenburger
- CardioMetabolic Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riß, Germany
| | | | - Iwona Ksiazek
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Lindén
- Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), AstraZeneca BioPharmaceuticals R&D, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Detlef Schuppan
- Institute of Translational Immunology and Research Center for Immunotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Maria Manuela Tonini
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Translational Medicine Operations Hub, Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | - Tamara R Castañeda
- R&D Diabetes & Portfolio Innovation and Excellence, Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Hoechst, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Aimo Kannt
- R&D Diabetes, Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Hoechst, Frankfurt, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Fraunhofer Innovation Center TheraNova and Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Cecília M P Rodrigues
- Research Institute for Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Simon Cockell
- Bioinformatics Support Unit, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Olivier Govaere
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ann K Daly
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Michael Allison
- Liver Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust & Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Yong Ook Kim
- Institute of Translational Immunology and Research Center for Immunotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Anna Lindblom
- Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), AstraZeneca BioPharmaceuticals R&D, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Stephanie Oldham
- Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), AstraZeneca BioPharmaceuticals R&D, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Anne-Christine Andréasson
- Bioscience Cardiovascular, Research and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), AstraZeneca BioPharmaceuticals R&D, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Franklin Schlerman
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Arun Sanyal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Marta B Afonso
- Research Institute for Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ramy Younes
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Yuichiro Amano
- Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Scott L Friedman
- Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shuang Wang
- Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dipankar Bhattacharya
- Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eric Simon
- Global Computational Biology and Digital Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riß, Germany
| | - Valérie Paradis
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Université Paris Diderot and Hôpital Beaujon, Paris, France
| | - Alastair Burt
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Newcastle NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ioanna Maria Grypari
- Department of Pathology, Aretaeion Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Susan Davies
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ann Driessen
- Department of Pathology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Department of Molecular Imaging, Pathology, Radiotherapy, Oncology. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Hiroaki Yashiro
- Research, Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Limited, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Carla Yunis
- Pfizer, Inc.; Internal Medicine and Hospital, Pfizer Research and Development, Lake Mary, FL, USA
| | - Pierre Bedossa
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- LiverPat, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Sara Wells
- Mary Lyon Centre, MRC Harwell, Harwell Campus, Oxford, UK
| | - Jörn M Schattenberg
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Centre, Homburg, Germany
| | - Quentin M Anstee
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Newcastle NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Dina Tiniakos
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
- Department of Pathology, Aretaeion Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - James W Perfield
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Evangelia Petsalaki
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Peter Davidsen
- Research and Early Development, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Ferring Pharmaceuticals A/S, International PharmaScience Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Antonio Vidal-Puig
- TVP Lab, WT/MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Centro de Investigacion Principe Felipe, Valencia, Spain.
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4
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Bednarski TK, Rahim M, Hasenour CM, Banerjee DR, Trenary IA, Wasserman DH, Young JD. Pharmacological SERCA activation limits diet-induced steatohepatitis and restores liver metabolic function in mice. J Lipid Res 2024; 65:100558. [PMID: 38729350 PMCID: PMC11179628 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2024.100558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease is the most common form of liver disease and poses significant health risks to patients who progress to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis. Fatty acid overload alters endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium stores and induces mitochondrial oxidative stress in hepatocytes, leading to hepatocellular inflammation and apoptosis. Obese mice have impaired liver sarco/ER Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) function, which normally maintains intracellular calcium homeostasis by transporting Ca2+ ions from the cytoplasm to the ER. We hypothesized that restoration of SERCA activity would improve diet-induced steatohepatitis in mice by limiting ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. WT and melanocortin-4 receptor KO (Mc4r-/-) mice were placed on either chow or Western diet (WD) for 8 weeks. Half of the WD-fed mice were administered CDN1163 to activate SERCA, which reduced liver fibrosis and inflammation. SERCA activation also restored glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, improved histological markers of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, increased expression of antioxidant enzymes, and decreased expression of oxidative stress and ER stress genes. CDN1163 decreased hepatic citric acid cycle flux and liver pyruvate cycling, enhanced expression of mitochondrial respiratory genes, and shifted hepatocellular [NADH]/[NAD+] and [NADPH]/[NADP+] ratios to a less oxidized state, which was associated with elevated PUFA content of liver lipids. In sum, the data demonstrate that pharmacological SERCA activation limits metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease progression and prevents metabolic dysfunction induced by WD feeding in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz K Bednarski
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Mohsin Rahim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Clinton M Hasenour
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Deveena R Banerjee
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Irina A Trenary
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - David H Wasserman
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jamey D Young
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Papadopoulos G, Giannousi E, Avdi AP, Velliou RI, Nikolakopoulou P, Chatzigeorgiou A. Τ cell-mediated adaptive immunity in the transition from metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis to hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1343806. [PMID: 38774646 PMCID: PMC11106433 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1343806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is the progressed version of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) characterized by inflammation and fibrosis, but also a pathophysiological "hub" that favors the emergence of liver malignancies. Current research efforts aim to identify risk factors, discover disease biomarkers, and aid patient stratification in the context of MASH-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most prevalent cancer among MASLD patients. To investigate the tumorigenic transition in MASH-induced HCC, researchers predominantly exploit preclinical animal-based MASH models and studies based on archived human biopsies and clinical trials. Recapitulating the immune response during tumor development and progression is vital to obtain mechanistic insights into MASH-induced HCC. Notably, the advanced complexity behind MASLD and MASH pathogenesis shifted the research focus towards innate immunity, a fundamental element of the hepatic immune niche that is usually altered robustly in the course of liver disease. During the last few years, however, there has been an increasing interest for deciphering the role of adaptive immunity in MASH-induced HCC, particularly regarding the functions of the various T cell populations. To effectively understand the specific role of T cells in MASH-induced HCC development, scientists should urgently fill the current knowledge gaps in this field. Pinpointing the metabolic signature, sketching the immune landscape, and characterizing the cellular interactions and dynamics of the specific T cells within the MASH-HCC liver are essential to unravel the mechanisms that adaptive immunity exploits to enable the emergence and progression of this cancer. To this end, our review aims to summarize the current state of research regarding the T cell functions linked to MASH-induced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grigorios Papadopoulos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eirini Giannousi
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini P. Avdi
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Rallia-Iliana Velliou
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Polyxeni Nikolakopoulou
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences (AIMES), Karolinska Institute and KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonios Chatzigeorgiou
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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6
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Yang K, Zeng J, Wu H, Liu H, Ding Z, Liang W, Wu L, Lin Z, Huang W, Xu J, Dong F. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Changes in Gut Microbiota and Blood Lipids. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2024; 12:333-345. [PMID: 38638378 PMCID: PMC11022063 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2023.00199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims The global prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is 25%. This study aimed to explore differences in the gut microbial community and blood lipids between normal livers and those affected by NAFLD using 16S ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid sequencing. Methods Gut microbiome profiles of 40 NAFLD and 20 non-NAFLD controls were analyzed. Information about four blood lipids and 13 other clinical features was collected. Patients were divided into three groups by ultrasound and FibroScan, those with a normal liver, mild FL (FL1), and moderate-to-severe FL (FL2). FL1 and FL2 patients were divided into two groups, those with either hyperlipidemia or non-hyperlipidemia based on their blood lipids. Potential keystone species within the groups were identified using univariate analysis and a specificity-occupancy plot. Significant difference in biochemical parameters ion NAFLD patients and healthy individuals were identified by detrended correspondence analysis and canonical correspondence analysis. Results Decreased gut bacterial diversity was found in patients with NAFLD. Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes decreased as NAFLD progressed. Faecalibacterium and Ruminococcus 2 were the most representative fatty-related bacteria. Glutamate pyruvic transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, and white blood cell count were selected as the most significant biochemical indexes. Calculation of areas under the curve identified two microbiomes combined with the three biochemical indexes that identified normal liver and FL2 very well but performed poorly in diagnosing FL1. Conclusions Faecalibacterium and Ruminococcus 2, combined with glutamate pyruvic transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, and white blood cell count distinguished NAFLD. We speculate that regulating the health of gut microbiota may release NAFLD, in addition to providing new targets for clinicians to treat NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Huaiyu Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen,Guangdong, China
| | - Huiyu Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen,Guangdong, China
| | - Zhimin Ding
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen,Guangdong, China
| | - Weiyu Liang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen,Guangdong, China
| | - Linghu Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen,Guangdong, China
| | - Ziwei Lin
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen,Guangdong, China
| | - Wenhui Huang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen,Guangdong, China
| | - Jinfeng Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen,Guangdong, China
| | - Fajin Dong
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen,Guangdong, China
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7
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Adorini L, Rigbolt K, Feigh M, Roth J, Erickson M. Increased hepatoprotective effects of the novel farnesoid X receptor agonist INT-787 versus obeticholic acid in a mouse model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300809. [PMID: 38662778 PMCID: PMC11045142 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The nuclear farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a master regulator of bile acid and metabolic homeostasis, is a key target for treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). This study compared efficacy of FXR agonists obeticholic acid (OCA) and INT-787 by liver histopathology, plasma biomarkers of liver damage, and hepatic gene expression profiles in the Amylin liver NASH (AMLN) diet-induced and biopsy-confirmed Lepob/ob mouse model of NASH. Lepob/ob mice were fed the AMLN diet for 12 weeks before liver biopsy and subsequent treatment with vehicle, OCA, or INT-787 for 8 weeks. Hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis (liver lipids, galectin-3, and collagen 1a1 [Col1a1], respectively), as well as plasma alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels, were assessed. Hepatic gene expression was assessed in Lepob/ob mice that were fed the AMLN diet for 14 weeks then treated with vehicle, OCA, or INT-787 for 2 weeks. INT-787, which is equipotent to OCA but more hydrophilic, significantly reduced liver lipids, galectin-3, and Col1a1 compared with vehicle, and to a greater extent than OCA. INT-787 significantly reduced plasma ALT and AST levels, whereas OCA did not. INT-787 modulated a substantially greater number of genes associated with FXR signaling, lipid metabolism, and stellate cell activation relative to OCA in hepatic tissue. These findings demonstrate greater efficacy of INT-787 treatment compared with OCA in improving liver histopathology, decreasing liver enzyme levels, and enhancing gene regulation, suggesting superior clinical potential of INT-787 for the treatment of NASH and other chronic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Adorini
- Intercept Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, California, United States of America
| | | | | | - Jonathan Roth
- Intercept Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Mary Erickson
- Intercept Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, California, United States of America
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8
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Senavirathna T, Shafaei A, Lareu R, Balmer L. Unlocking the Therapeutic Potential of Ellagic Acid for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:485. [PMID: 38671932 PMCID: PMC11047720 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is in epidemic proportions in many parts of the world, contributing to increasing rates of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD represents a range of conditions from the initial stage of fatty liver to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which can progress to severe fibrosis, through to hepatocellular carcinoma. There currently exists no treatment for the long-term management of NAFLD/NASH, however, dietary interventions have been investigated for the treatment of NASH, including several polyphenolic compounds. Ellagic acid is one such polyphenolic compound. Nutraceutical food abundant in ellagic acid undergoes initial hydrolysis to free ellagic acid within the stomach and small intestine. The proposed mechanism of action of ellagic acid extends beyond its initial therapeutic potential, as it is further broken down by the gut microbiome into urolithin. Both ellagic acid and urolithin have been found to alleviate oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis, which are associated with NAFLD/NASH. While progress has been made in understanding the pharmacological and biological activity of ellagic acid and its involvement in NAFLD/NASH, it has yet to be fully elucidated. Thus, the aim of this review is to summarise the currently available literature elucidating the therapeutic potential of ellagic acid and its microbial-derived metabolite urolithin in NAFLD/NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharani Senavirathna
- Centre for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA 6027, Australia;
| | - Armaghan Shafaei
- Centre for Integrative Metabolomics and Computational Biology, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA 6027, Australia;
| | - Ricky Lareu
- Curtin Medical School and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
| | - Lois Balmer
- Centre for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA 6027, Australia;
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9
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Chen H, Shen H, Han J, Wang P, Song D, Shen H, Wei X, Yang B, Li J. Performance of ATT and UDFF in the diagnosis of non-alcoholic fatty liver: An animal experiment. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27993. [PMID: 38560108 PMCID: PMC10981026 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To establish a Bama minipigs model with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver (NAFL) induced by a high-fat diet and investigate the application of attenuation coefficient (ATT) and ultrasound-derived fat fraction (UDFF) in the diagnosis of NAFL. Methods Six-month-old male Bama minipigs were randomly divided into normal control and high-fat groups (n = 3 pigs per group), and fed with a control diet and high-fat diet for 32 weeks. Weight and body length were measured every four weeks, followed by quantitative ultrasound imaging (ATT and UDFF), blood biochemical markers, and liver biopsies on the same day. Using the Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Activity Score (NAS) as a reference, we analyzed the correlation between ATT, UDFF, and their score results. Results Compared with the normal control group, the body weight, body mass index (BMI), and serum levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the High-fat group were significantly different at Week 12 (P < 0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that the ATT value was significantly correlated with NAS score (r = 0.76, P < 0.001), and the UDFF value was significantly correlated with NAS score (r = 0.80, P < 0.001). The optimal cut-off value of ATT and UDFF were 0.59 dB/cm/MHz and 5.5%, respectively. These values are optimal for diagnosis of NAFL in Bama minipig model. Conclusion ATT and UDFF have a high correlation with steatosis, and can be used as a non-invasive method for early screening of hepatic steatosis, which can dynamically monitor the change of disease course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Huiming Shen
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jiahao Han
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Pingping Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Danlei Song
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Hongyuan Shen
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xiaoying Wei
- Department of Pathology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Bingjie Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
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10
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Kostadinova R, Ströbel S, Chen L, Fiaschetti-Egli K, Gadient J, Pawlowska A, Petitjean L, Bieri M, Thoma E, Petitjean M. Digital pathology with artificial intelligence analysis provides insight to the efficacy of anti-fibrotic compounds in human 3D MASH model. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5885. [PMID: 38467661 PMCID: PMC10928082 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55438-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a severe liver disease characterized by lipid accumulation, inflammation and fibrosis. The development of MASH therapies has been hindered by the lack of human translational models and limitations of analysis techniques for fibrosis. The MASH three-dimensional (3D) InSight™ human liver microtissue (hLiMT) model recapitulates pathophysiological features of the disease. We established an algorithm for automated phenotypic quantification of fibrosis of Sirius Red stained histology sections of MASH hLiMTs model using a digital pathology quantitative single-fiber artificial intelligence (AI) FibroNest™ image analysis platform. The FibroNest™ algorithm for MASH hLiMTs was validated using anti-fibrotic reference compounds with different therapeutic modalities-ALK5i and anti-TGF-β antibody. The phenotypic quantification of fibrosis demonstrated that both reference compounds decreased the deposition of fibrillated collagens in alignment with effects on the secretion of pro-collagen type I/III, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 and matrix metalloproteinase-3 and pro-fibrotic gene expression. In contrast, clinical compounds, Firsocostat and Selonsertib, alone and in combination showed strong anti-fibrotic effects on the deposition of collagen fibers, however less pronounced on the secretion of pro-fibrotic biomarkers. In summary, the phenotypic quantification of fibrosis of MASH hLiMTs combined with secretion of pro-fibrotic biomarkers and transcriptomics represents a promising drug discovery tool for assessing anti-fibrotic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon Ströbel
- InSphero AG, Wagistrasse 27A, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Li Chen
- PharmaNest, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | | | - Jana Gadient
- InSphero AG, Wagistrasse 27A, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Manuela Bieri
- InSphero AG, Wagistrasse 27A, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Eva Thoma
- InSphero AG, Wagistrasse 27A, Schlieren, Switzerland
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11
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Tsouka S, Kumar P, Seubnooch P, Freiburghaus K, St-Pierre M, Dufour JF, Masoodi M. Transcriptomics-driven metabolic pathway analysis reveals similar alterations in lipid metabolism in mouse MASH model and human. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2024; 4:39. [PMID: 38443644 PMCID: PMC10914730 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-024-00465-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide, and can rapidly progress to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). Accurate preclinical models and methodologies are needed to understand underlying metabolic mechanisms and develop treatment strategies. Through meta-analysis of currently proposed mouse models, we hypothesized that a diet- and chemical-induced MASH model closely resembles the observed lipid metabolism alterations in humans. METHODS We developed transcriptomics-driven metabolic pathway analysis (TDMPA), a method to aid in the evaluation of metabolic resemblance. TDMPA uses genome-scale metabolic models to calculate enzymatic reaction perturbations from gene expression data. We performed TDMPA to score and compare metabolic pathway alterations in MASH mouse models to human MASH signatures. We used an already-established WD+CCl4-induced MASH model and performed functional assays and lipidomics to confirm TDMPA findings. RESULTS Both human MASH and mouse models exhibit numerous altered metabolic pathways, including triglyceride biosynthesis, fatty acid beta-oxidation, bile acid biosynthesis, cholesterol metabolism, and oxidative phosphorylation. We confirm a significant reduction in mitochondrial functions and bioenergetics, as well as in acylcarnitines for the mouse model. We identify a wide range of lipid species within the most perturbed pathways predicted by TDMPA. Triglycerides, phospholipids, and bile acids are increased significantly in mouse MASH liver, confirming our initial observations. CONCLUSIONS We introduce TDMPA, a methodology for evaluating metabolic pathway alterations in metabolic disorders. By comparing metabolic signatures that typify human MASH, we show a good metabolic resemblance of the WD+CCl4 mouse model. Our presented approach provides a valuable tool for defining metabolic space to aid experimental design for assessing metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Tsouka
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pavitra Kumar
- Department for BioMedical Research, Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Patcharamon Seubnooch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Katrin Freiburghaus
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marie St-Pierre
- Department for BioMedical Research, Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jean-François Dufour
- Department for BioMedical Research, Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Centre des Maladie Digestives, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mojgan Masoodi
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
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12
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Cheng SC, Liou CJ, Wu YX, Yeh KW, Chen LC, Huang WC. Gypenoside XIII regulates lipid metabolism in HepG2 hepatocytes and ameliorates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in mice. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2024; 40:280-290. [PMID: 38294255 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Gypenoside XIII is isolated from Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino. In mice, G. pentaphyllum extract and gypenoside LXXV have been shown to improve non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). This study investigated whether gypenoside XIII can regulate lipid accumulation in fatty liver cells or attenuate NASH in mice. We used HepG2 hepatocytes to establish a fatty liver cell model using 0.5 mM oleic acid. Fatty liver cells were treated with different concentrations of gypenoside XIII to evaluate the molecular mechanisms of lipid metabolism. In addition, a methionine/choline-deficient diet induced NASH in C57BL/6 mice, which were given 10 mg/kg gypenoside XIII by intraperitoneal injection. In fatty liver cells, gypenoside XIII effectively suppressed lipid accumulation and lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, gypenoside XIII significantly increased SIRT1 and AMPK phosphorylation to decrease acetyl-CoA carboxylase phosphorylation, reducing fatty acid synthesis activity. Gypenoside XIII also decreased lipogenesis by suppressing sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c and fatty acid synthase production. Gypenoside XIII also increased lipolysis and fatty acid β-oxidation by promoting adipose triglyceride lipase and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1, respectively. In an animal model of NASH, gypenoside XIII effectively decreased the lipid vacuole size and number and reduced liver fibrosis and inflammation. These findings suggest that gypenoside XIII can regulate lipid metabolism in fatty liver cells and improve liver fibrosis in NASH mice. Therefore, gypenoside XIII has potential as a novel agent for the treatment of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Chen Cheng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chian-Jiun Liou
- Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Xuan Wu
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Yeh
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chen Chen
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital (Built and Operated by Chang Gung Medical Foundation), New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital (Built and Operated by Chang Gung Medical Foundation), New Taipei, Taiwan
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13
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Wu X, Nagy LE, Gautheron J. Mediators of necroptosis: from cell death to metabolic regulation. EMBO Mol Med 2024; 16:219-237. [PMID: 38195700 PMCID: PMC10897313 DOI: 10.1038/s44321-023-00011-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Necroptosis, a programmed cell death mechanism distinct from apoptosis, has garnered attention for its role in various pathological conditions. While initially recognized for its involvement in cell death, recent research has revealed that key necroptotic mediators, including receptor-interacting protein kinases (RIPKs) and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL), possess additional functions that go beyond inducing cell demise. These functions encompass influencing critical aspects of metabolic regulation, such as energy metabolism, glucose homeostasis, and lipid metabolism. Dysregulated necroptosis has been implicated in metabolic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), contributing to chronic inflammation and tissue damage. This review provides insight into the multifaceted role of necroptosis, encompassing both cell death and these extra-necroptotic functions, in the context of metabolic diseases. Understanding this intricate interplay is crucial for developing targeted therapeutic strategies in diseases that currently lack effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Wu
- Northern Ohio Alcohol Center, Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Laura E Nagy
- Northern Ohio Alcohol Center, Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jérémie Gautheron
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMRS_938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, 75012, France.
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14
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Huebbe P, Bilke S, Rueter J, Schloesser A, Campbel G, Glüer CC, Lucius R, Röcken C, Tholey A, Rimbach G. Human APOE4 Protects High-Fat and High-Sucrose Diet Fed Targeted Replacement Mice against Fatty Liver Disease Compared to APOE3. Aging Dis 2024; 15:259-281. [PMID: 37450924 PMCID: PMC10796091 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent genome- and exome-wide association studies suggest that the human APOE ε4 allele protects against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), while ε3 promotes hepatic steatosis and steatohepatitis. The present study aimed at examining the APOE genotype-dependent development of fatty liver disease and its underlying mechanisms in a targeted replacement mouse model. Male mice expressing the human APOE3 or APOE4 protein isoforms on a C57BL/6J background and unmodified C57BL/6J mice were chronically fed a high-fat and high-sucrose diet to induce obesity. After 7 months, body weight gain was more pronounced in human APOE than endogenous APOE expressing mice with elevated plasma biomarkers suggesting aggravated metabolic dysfunction. APOE3 mice exhibited the highest liver weights and, compared to APOE4, massive hepatic steatosis. An untargeted quantitative proteome analysis of the liver identified a high number of proteins differentially abundant in APOE3 versus APOE4 mice. The majority of the higher abundant proteins in APOE3 mice could be grouped to inflammation and damage-associated response, and lipid storage, amongst others. Results of the targeted qRT-PCR and Western blot analyses contribute to the overall finding that APOE3 as opposed to APOE4 promotes hepatic steatosis, inflammatory- and damage-associated response signaling and fibrosis in the liver of obese mice. Our experimental data substantiate the observation of an increased NAFLD-risk associated with the human APOEε3 allele, while APOEε4 appears protective. The underlying mechanisms of the protection possibly involve a higher capacity of nonectopic lipid deposition in subcutaneous adipose tissue and lower hepatic pathogen recognition in the APOE4 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Huebbe
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Kiel University, D-24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Stephanie Bilke
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Proteomics & Bioanalytics, Kiel University, D-24105 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Johanna Rueter
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Kiel University, D-24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Anke Schloesser
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Kiel University, D-24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Graeme Campbel
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Kiel University, D-24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Claus-C. Glüer
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Kiel University, D-24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Ralph Lucius
- Anatomical Institute, Kiel University, D-24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Christoph Röcken
- Department of Pathology, Kiel University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, D-24105 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Andreas Tholey
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Proteomics & Bioanalytics, Kiel University, D-24105 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Gerald Rimbach
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Kiel University, D-24118 Kiel, Germany.
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15
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Fan W, Adebowale K, Váncza L, Li Y, Rabbi MF, Kunimoto K, Chen D, Mozes G, Chiu DKC, Li Y, Tao J, Wei Y, Adeniji N, Brunsing RL, Dhanasekaran R, Singhi A, Geller D, Lo SH, Hodgson L, Engleman EG, Charville GW, Charu V, Monga SP, Kim T, Wells RG, Chaudhuri O, Török NJ. Matrix viscoelasticity promotes liver cancer progression in the pre-cirrhotic liver. Nature 2024; 626:635-642. [PMID: 38297127 PMCID: PMC10866704 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06991-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Changes in extracellular matrix (ECM) mechanics contribute to cancer development1,2, and increased stiffness is known to promote HCC progression in cirrhotic conditions3,4. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by an accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in the ECM; however, how this affects HCC in non-cirrhotic conditions is unclear. Here we find that, in patients and animal models, AGEs promote changes in collagen architecture and enhance ECM viscoelasticity, with greater viscous dissipation and faster stress relaxation, but not changes in stiffness. High AGEs and viscoelasticity combined with oncogenic β-catenin signalling promote HCC induction, whereas inhibiting AGE production, reconstituting the AGE clearance receptor AGER1 or breaking AGE-mediated collagen cross-links reduces viscoelasticity and HCC growth. Matrix analysis and computational modelling demonstrate that lower interconnectivity of AGE-bundled collagen matrix, marked by shorter fibre length and greater heterogeneity, enhances viscoelasticity. Mechanistically, animal studies and 3D cell cultures show that enhanced viscoelasticity promotes HCC cell proliferation and invasion through an integrin-β1-tensin-1-YAP mechanotransductive pathway. These results reveal that AGE-mediated structural changes enhance ECM viscoelasticity, and that viscoelasticity can promote cancer progression in vivo, independent of stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguo Fan
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Kolade Adebowale
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Chemistry, Engineering and Medicine for Human Health (ChEM-H), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lóránd Váncza
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Yuan Li
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Md Foysal Rabbi
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Koshi Kunimoto
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Dongning Chen
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Gergely Mozes
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - David Kung-Chun Chiu
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Division of Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yisi Li
- Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Junyan Tao
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yi Wei
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Nia Adeniji
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Ryan L Brunsing
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Renumathy Dhanasekaran
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Aatur Singhi
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - David Geller
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Su Hao Lo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Louis Hodgson
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Edgar G Engleman
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Division of Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Vivek Charu
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Quantitative Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Satdarshan P Monga
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Taeyoon Kim
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Rebecca G Wells
- Departments of Medicine and Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ovijit Chaudhuri
- Chemistry, Engineering and Medicine for Human Health (ChEM-H), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Natalie J Török
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- VA, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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Liu H, Yerevanian A, Westerhoff M, Hastings MH, Guerra JRB, Zhao M, Svensson KJ, Cai B, Soukas AA, Rosenzweig A. Roles of Activin A and Gpnmb in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD). Diabetes 2024; 73:260-279. [PMID: 37934943 PMCID: PMC10796305 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD, formerly known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease [NAFLD]) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH, formerly known as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis [NASH]) are leading chronic liver diseases, driving cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and mortality. MASLD/MASH is associated with increased senescence proteins, including Activin A, and senolytics have been proposed as a therapeutic approach. To test the role of Activin A, we induced hepatic expression of Activin A in a murine MASLD/MASH model. Surprisingly, overexpression of hepatic Activin A dramatically mitigated MASLD, reducing liver steatosis and inflammation as well as systemic fat accumulation, while improving insulin sensitivity. Further studies identified a dramatic decrease in the lipid-associated macrophages marker glycoprotein NMB (Gpnmb) by Activin A, and Gpnmb knockdown in the same model produced similar benefits and transcriptional changes to Activin A expression. These studies reveal a surprising protective role for Activin A in MASLD and the potential for SASP proteins to have context-specific beneficial effects. Moreover, they implicate both Activin A and Gpnmb as potential therapeutic targets for this condition. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Institute for Heart and Brain Health, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Armen Yerevanian
- Department of Medicine, Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Margaret H. Hastings
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Institute for Heart and Brain Health, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Justin Ralph Baldovino Guerra
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Institute for Heart and Brain Health, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Meng Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Katrin J. Svensson
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Bishuang Cai
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Alexander A. Soukas
- Department of Medicine, Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Anthony Rosenzweig
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Institute for Heart and Brain Health, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI
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17
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Le Y, Guo J, Liu Z, Liu J, Liu Y, Chen H, Qiu J, Wang C, Dou X, Lu D. Calenduloside E ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via modulating a pyroptosis-dependent pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117239. [PMID: 37777027 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent chronic liver condition that can have multiple underlying causes. There are no satisfactory chemical or biological drugs for the treatment of NAFLD. Longyasongmu, the bark and root of Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem, is used extensively in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and has been used in treating diverse liver diseases including NAFLD. Based on Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem as the main ingredient, Longya Gantai Capsules have been approved for use in China for the treatment of acute hepatitis and chronic hepatitis. Calenduloside E (CE), a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid saponin, is a significant component of saponin isolated from the bark and root of Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem. However, the role and mechanism of anti-NAFLD effects of CE is still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY The objective of this study was to examine the potential mechanisms underlying the protective effect of CE on NAFLD. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, an NAFLD model was established by Western diet in apoE-/- mice, followed by treatment with various doses of CE (5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg). The anti-NAFLD effect of CE was assessed by the liver injury, lipid accumulation, inflammation, and pro-fibrotic phenotype. The mechanism of CE in ameliorating NAFLD was studied through transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq). In vitro, the mouse hepatocytes (AML-12) were stimulated in lipid mixtures with CE and performed the exploration and validation of the relevant pathways using Western blot, immunofluorescence, etc. RESULTS: The findings revealed a significant improvement in liver injury, lipid accumulation, inflammation, and pro-fibrotic phenotype upon CE administration. Furthermore, RNAseq analysis indicated that the primary pathway through which CE alleviates NAFLD involves pyroptosis-related inflammatory cascade pathways. Furthermore, it was observed that CE effectively suppressed inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis both in vivo and in vitro. Remarkably, the functional enrichment analysis of RNA-seq data revealed that the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway is the primarily Signaling transduction pathway modulated by CE treatment. Subsequent experimental outcomes provided further validation of CE's ability to hinder inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis through the inhibition of PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS These findings present a novel pharmacological role of CE in exerting anti-NAFLD effects by inhibiting pyroptosis signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Le
- School of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jianan Guo
- School of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zhijun Liu
- School of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Hang Chen
- School of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jiannan Qiu
- School of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Cui Wang
- School of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiaobing Dou
- School of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Dezhao Lu
- School of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
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18
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Sato T, Oishi K. Time-restricted feeding has a limited effect on hepatic lipid accumulation, inflammation and fibrosis in a choline-deficient high-fat diet-induced murine NASH model. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296950. [PMID: 38285666 PMCID: PMC10824409 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) occurs worldwide and is characterized by lipid accumulation in hepatocytes, hepatic inflammation, fibrosis, and an increased risk of cirrhosis. Although a major proportion of NASH patients exhibit obesity and insulin resistance, 20% lack a high body mass and are categorized as "non-obese NASH". Time-restricted feeding (TRF), limiting daily food intake within certain hours, improves obesity, lipid metabolism, and liver inflammation. Here, we determined whether TRF affects NASH pathology induced by a choline-deficient high-fat diet (CDAHFD), which does not involve obesity. TRF ameliorated the increase in epididymal white adipose tissue and plasma alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase levels after 8 weeks of a CDAHFD. Although gene expression of TNF alpha in the liver was suppressed by TRF, it did not exhibit a suppressive effect on hepatic lipid accumulation, gene expression of cytokines and macrophage markers (Mcp1, IL1b, F4/80), or fibrosis, as evaluated by Sirius red staining and western blot analysis of alpha-smooth muscle actin. A CDAHFD-induced increase in gene expression related to fibrogenesis (Collagen 1a1 and TGFβ) was neither suppressed by TRF nor that of alpha-smooth muscle actin but was increased by TRF. Our results indicated that TRF has a limited suppressive effect on CDAHFD-induced NASH pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Sato
- Healthy Food Science Research Group, Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Katsutaka Oishi
- Healthy Food Science Research Group, Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
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19
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Lachance GP, Gauvreau D, Boisselier É, Boukadoum M, Miled A. Breaking Barriers: Exploring Neurotransmitters through In Vivo vs. In Vitro Rivalry. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:647. [PMID: 38276338 PMCID: PMC11154401 DOI: 10.3390/s24020647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Neurotransmitter analysis plays a pivotal role in diagnosing and managing neurodegenerative diseases, often characterized by disturbances in neurotransmitter systems. However, prevailing methods for quantifying neurotransmitters involve invasive procedures or require bulky imaging equipment, therefore restricting accessibility and posing potential risks to patients. The innovation of compact, in vivo instruments for neurotransmission analysis holds the potential to reshape disease management. This innovation can facilitate non-invasive and uninterrupted monitoring of neurotransmitter levels and their activity. Recent strides in microfabrication have led to the emergence of diminutive instruments that also find applicability in in vitro investigations. By harnessing the synergistic potential of microfluidics, micro-optics, and microelectronics, this nascent realm of research holds substantial promise. This review offers an overarching view of the current neurotransmitter sensing techniques, the advances towards in vitro microsensors tailored for monitoring neurotransmission, and the state-of-the-art fabrication techniques that can be used to fabricate those microsensors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dominic Gauvreau
- Department Electrical Engineering, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (G.P.L.); (D.G.)
| | - Élodie Boisselier
- Department Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Mounir Boukadoum
- Department Computer Science, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H2L 2C4, Canada;
| | - Amine Miled
- Department Electrical Engineering, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (G.P.L.); (D.G.)
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20
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Gabriel V, Zdyrski C, Sahoo DK, Ralston A, Wickham H, Bourgois-Mochel A, Ahmed B, Merodio MM, Paukner K, Piñeyro P, Kopper J, Rowe EW, Smith JD, Meyerholz D, Kol A, Viall A, Elbadawy M, Mochel JP, Allenspach K. Adult Animal Stem Cell-Derived Organoids in Biomedical Research and the One Health Paradigm. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:701. [PMID: 38255775 PMCID: PMC10815683 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Preclinical biomedical research is limited by the predictiveness of in vivo and in vitro models. While in vivo models offer the most complex system for experimentation, they are also limited by ethical, financial, and experimental constraints. In vitro models are simplified models that do not offer the same complexity as living animals but do offer financial affordability and more experimental freedom; therefore, they are commonly used. Traditional 2D cell lines cannot fully simulate the complexity of the epithelium of healthy organs and limit scientific progress. The One Health Initiative was established to consolidate human, animal, and environmental health while also tackling complex and multifactorial medical problems. Reverse translational research allows for the sharing of knowledge between clinical research in veterinary and human medicine. Recently, organoid technology has been developed to mimic the original organ's epithelial microstructure and function more reliably. While human and murine organoids are available, numerous other organoids have been derived from traditional veterinary animals and exotic species in the last decade. With these additional organoid models, species previously excluded from in vitro research are becoming accessible, therefore unlocking potential translational and reverse translational applications of animals with unique adaptations that overcome common problems in veterinary and human medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtech Gabriel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (H.W.); (B.A.); (J.P.M.)
| | | | - Dipak K. Sahoo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (D.K.S.); (A.B.-M.); (J.K.)
| | - Abigail Ralston
- 3D Health Solutions Inc., Ames, IA 50010, USA; (C.Z.); (A.R.); (M.M.M.)
| | - Hannah Wickham
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (H.W.); (B.A.); (J.P.M.)
| | - Agnes Bourgois-Mochel
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (D.K.S.); (A.B.-M.); (J.K.)
| | - Basant Ahmed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (H.W.); (B.A.); (J.P.M.)
| | - Maria M. Merodio
- 3D Health Solutions Inc., Ames, IA 50010, USA; (C.Z.); (A.R.); (M.M.M.)
| | - Karel Paukner
- Atherosclerosis Research Laboratory, Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Pablo Piñeyro
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (P.P.); (J.D.S.)
| | - Jamie Kopper
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (D.K.S.); (A.B.-M.); (J.K.)
| | - Eric W. Rowe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (H.W.); (B.A.); (J.P.M.)
| | - Jodi D. Smith
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (P.P.); (J.D.S.)
| | - David Meyerholz
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
| | - Amir Kol
- Department of Pathology, University of California, Davis, CA 94143, USA; (A.K.); (A.V.)
| | - Austin Viall
- Department of Pathology, University of California, Davis, CA 94143, USA; (A.K.); (A.V.)
| | - Mohamed Elbadawy
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30530, USA;
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh 13736, Egypt
| | - Jonathan P. Mochel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (H.W.); (B.A.); (J.P.M.)
- 3D Health Solutions Inc., Ames, IA 50010, USA; (C.Z.); (A.R.); (M.M.M.)
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30530, USA;
| | - Karin Allenspach
- 3D Health Solutions Inc., Ames, IA 50010, USA; (C.Z.); (A.R.); (M.M.M.)
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (D.K.S.); (A.B.-M.); (J.K.)
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30530, USA;
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21
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Khalfallah M, Doblas S, Hammoutene A, Julea F, Postic C, Valla D, Paradis V, Garteiser P, Van Beers BE. Visco-Elastic Parameters at Three-Dimensional MR Elastography for Diagnosing Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis and Substantial Fibrosis in Mice. J Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 59:97-107. [PMID: 37158252 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.28765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing worldwide and is a growing cause of liver cirrhosis and cancer. The performance of the magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) visco-elastic parameters in diagnosing progressive forms of NAFLD, including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and substantial fibrosis (F ≥ 2), needs to be clarified. PURPOSE To assess the value of three-dimensional MRE visco-elastic parameters as markers of NASH and substantial fibrosis in mice with NAFLD. STUDY TYPE Prospective. ANIMAL MODEL Two mouse models of NAFLD were induced by feeding with high fat diet or high fat, choline-deficient, amino acid-defined diet. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 7T/multi-slice multi-echo spin-echo MRE at 400 Hz with motion encoding in the three spatial directions. ASSESSMENT Hepatic storage and loss moduli were calculated. Histological analysis was based on the NASH Clinical Research Network criteria. STATISTICAL TESTS Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis tests, Spearman rank correlations and multiple regressions were used. Diagnostic performance was assessed with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs). P value <0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS Among the 59 mice with NAFLD, 21 had NASH and 20 had substantial fibrosis (including 8 mice without and 12 mice with NASH). The storage and loss moduli had similar moderate accuracy for diagnosing NASH with AUCs of 0.67 and 0.66, respectively. For diagnosing substantial fibrosis, the AUC of the storage modulus was 0.73 and the AUC of the loss modulus was 0.81, indicating good diagnostic performance. Using Spearman correlations, histological fibrosis, inflammation and steatosis, but not ballooning, were significantly correlated with the visco-elastic parameters. Using multiple regression, fibrosis was the only histological feature independently associated with the visco-elastic parameters. CONCLUSION MRE in mice with NAFLD suggests that the storage and loss moduli have good diagnostic performance for detecting progressive NAFLD defined as substantial fibrosis rather than NASH. EVIDENCE LEVEL 1 TECHNICAL EFFICACY STAGE: 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meryem Khalfallah
- Laboratory of Imaging Biomarkers, Center for Research on Inflammation, Université Paris Cité, UMR 1149 Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Sabrina Doblas
- Laboratory of Imaging Biomarkers, Center for Research on Inflammation, Université Paris Cité, UMR 1149 Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Adel Hammoutene
- Team "From Inflammation to Cancer in Digestive Disease", Center for Research on Inflammation, Université Paris Cité, UMR 1149 Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Felicia Julea
- Laboratory of Imaging Biomarkers, Center for Research on Inflammation, Université Paris Cité, UMR 1149 Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Postic
- Team "Glucose Sensing, Insulin Signaling and Glucotoxicity", Institut Cochin, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Valla
- Department of Hepatology, Beaujon University Hospital Paris Nord, AP-HP, Clichy, France
| | - Valérie Paradis
- Team "From Inflammation to Cancer in Digestive Disease", Center for Research on Inflammation, Université Paris Cité, UMR 1149 Inserm, Paris, France
- Department of Pathology, Beaujon University Hospital Paris Nord, AP-HP, Clichy, France
| | - Philippe Garteiser
- Laboratory of Imaging Biomarkers, Center for Research on Inflammation, Université Paris Cité, UMR 1149 Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Bernard E Van Beers
- Laboratory of Imaging Biomarkers, Center for Research on Inflammation, Université Paris Cité, UMR 1149 Inserm, Paris, France
- Department of Radiology, Beaujon University Hospital Paris Nord, AP-HP, Clichy, France
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22
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Liu H, Li N, Kuang G, Gong X, Wang T, Hu J, Du H, Zhong M, Guo J, Xie Y, Xiang Y, Wu S, Yuan Y, Yin X, Wan J, Li K. Protectin D1 inhibits TLR4 signaling pathway to alleviate non-alcoholic steatohepatitis via upregulating IRAK-M. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 210:42-53. [PMID: 37984750 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a prevalent metabolic disease, characterized by the hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis, which is lack of effective treatment currently. Protectin D1 (PTD1), a lipid mediator from omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), has displayed wide pharmacological actions including anti-inflammation in a variety of diseases, but the role of PTD1 on NASH remains unclear. In this study, using the methionine and choline deficient (MCD) fed NASH model, we explored the effect and underlying mechanism of PTD1 on NASH in mice. Our results showed PTD1 improved MCD-induced steatosis, hepatocellular injury, inflammation and fibrosis. Furthermore, PTD1 inhibited MCD-induced activation of TLR4 downstream molecules (TAK1, p38 and p65) without affecting the levels of TLR4 and phosphorylated IRAK-1. Notably, the levels of IRAK-M protein and the binding between IRAK-M and TRAF6 in the liver were also increased by PTD1 in NASH mice. Moreover, IRAK-M knockout remarkedly reverted the beneficial effects of PTD1 on the NASH in mice. Thus, these results demonstrated that PTD1 could protect mice from NASH by inhibiting the activation of TLR4 downstream signaling pathway, which might be related to the upregulation of IRAK-M, indicating that PTD1 may provide a new treatment for NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Nana Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ge Kuang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xia Gong
- Department of Anatomy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Du
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Minxuan Zhong
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiashi Guo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yao Xie
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shengwang Wu
- Department of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yiling Yuan
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinru Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingyuan Wan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Ke Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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23
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Motiño O, Li S, Lambertucci F, Anagnostopoulos G, Montégut L, Nogueira-Recalde U, Chen H, Maiuri MC, Kroemer G, Martins I. A Mouse Model of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Induced by Streptozotocin and High-Fat Diet. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2769:67-75. [PMID: 38315389 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3694-7_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer and the second most common cause of cancer-related death. HCC is associated to chronic diseases such as viral hepatitis, alcoholic, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), diabetes mellitus, and obesity, among others. Although pre-clinical models have been investigated to mimic the transition from NAFLD to HCC, they do not accurately reproduce the phenotypic evolution from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis, fibrosis/cirrhosis, and HCC. Hence, these models have failed to demonstrate the influence of diabetes on hepatic carcinogenesis. Here, we report a novel mouse model of HCC triggered by fast-developing diabetes and NAFLD. The first step consists in a single intraperitoneal injection of a low dose of streptozotocin into neonatal C57BL/6J mice to induce type 2 diabetes. In a second step, mice are fed with high-fat diet to accelerate the development of simple steatosis. Continuous high-fat diet exacerbates hepatic fat deposition with increased lobular inflammation (by activation of foam cell-like macrophages) and fibrosis (by activating hepatic stellate cells), two representative pathological traits of steatohepatitis/fibrosis. After 20 weeks, all mice developed multiple HCCs. This model of hepatic carcinogenesis triggered by diabetes mellitus and NAFLD offers the advantage of being rapid and accurately recapitulates the pathogenesis of human HCC without the need of administering hepatic carcinogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Motiño
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Sijing Li
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Flavia Lambertucci
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Gerasimos Anagnostopoulos
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Léa Montégut
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Uxía Nogueira-Recalde
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Rheumatology Research Group (GIR), Biomedical Research Institute of A Coruña (INIBIC), Professor Novoa Santos Foundation, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Hui Chen
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Maria Chiara Maiuri
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Department of Biology, Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Martins
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, UMS AMMICa, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
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24
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Marchianò S, Biagioli M, Bordoni M, Morretta E, Di Giorgio C, Vellecco V, Roselli R, Bellini R, Massa C, Cari L, Urbani G, Ricci P, Monti MC, Giordano A, Brancaleone V, Bucci M, Zampella A, Distrutti E, Cieri E, Cirino G, Fiorucci S. Defective Bile Acid Signaling Promotes Vascular Dysfunction, Supporting a Role for G-Protein Bile Acid Receptor 1/Farnesoid X Receptor Agonism and Statins in the Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e031241. [PMID: 37996988 PMCID: PMC10727350 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.031241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease are at increased risk to develop atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. FXR and GPBAR1 are 2 bile acid-activated receptors exploited in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: whether dual GPBAR1/FXR agonists synergize with statins in the treatment of the liver and cardiovascular components of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Investigations of human aortic samples obtained from patients who underwent surgery for aortic aneurysms and Gpbar1-/-, Fxr-/-, and dual Gpbar1-/-Fxr-/- mice demonstrated that GPBAR1 and FXR are expressed in the aortic wall and regulate endothelial cell/macrophage interactions. The expression of GPBAR1 in the human endothelium correlated with the expression of inflammatory biomarkers. Mice lacking Fxr and Gpbar1-/-/Fxr-/- display hypotension and aortic inflammation, along with altered intestinal permeability that deteriorates with age, and severe dysbiosis, along with dysregulated bile acid synthesis. Vasomotor activities of aortic rings were altered by Gpbar1 and Fxr gene ablation. In apolipoprotein E-/- and wild-type mice, BAR502, a dual GPBAR1/FXR agonist, alone or in combination with atorvastatin, reduced cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein plasma levels, mitigated the development of liver steatosis and aortic plaque formation, and shifted the polarization of circulating leukocytes toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype. BAR502/atorvastatin reversed intestinal dysbiosis and dysregulated bile acid synthesis, promoting a shift of bile acid pool composition toward FXR antagonists and GPBAR1 agonists. CONCLUSIONS FXR and GPBAR1 maintain intestinal, liver, and cardiovascular homeostasis, and their therapeutic targeting with a dual GPBAR1/FXR ligand and atorvastatin holds potential in the treatment of liver and cardiovascular components of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Marchianò
- Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of PerugiaPerugiaItaly
| | - Michele Biagioli
- Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of PerugiaPerugiaItaly
| | - Martina Bordoni
- Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of PerugiaPerugiaItaly
| | - Elva Morretta
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of SalernoSalernoItaly
| | | | | | | | - Rachele Bellini
- Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of PerugiaPerugiaItaly
| | - Carmen Massa
- Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of PerugiaPerugiaItaly
| | - Luigi Cari
- Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of PerugiaPerugiaItaly
| | - Ginevra Urbani
- Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of PerugiaPerugiaItaly
| | - Patrizia Ricci
- Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of PerugiaPerugiaItaly
| | | | | | | | | | - Angela Zampella
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of Naples Federico IINaplesItaly
| | | | - Enrico Cieri
- Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of PerugiaPerugiaItaly
| | - Giuseppe Cirino
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of Naples Federico IINaplesItaly
| | - Stefano Fiorucci
- Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of PerugiaPerugiaItaly
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25
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Biagioli M, Marchianò S, Di Giorgio C, Bordoni M, Urbani G, Bellini R, Massa C, Sami Ullah Khan R, Roselli R, Chiara Monti M, Morretta E, Giordano A, Vellecco V, Bucci M, Jilani Iqbal A, Saviano A, Ab Mansour A, Ricci P, Distrutti E, Zampella A, Cieri E, Cirino G, Fiorucci S. Activation of GPBAR1 attenuates vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis in a mouse model of NAFLD-related cardiovascular disease. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 218:115900. [PMID: 37926268 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
While patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are at increased risk to develop clinically meaningful cardiovascular diseases (CVD), there are no approved drug designed to target the liver and CVD component of NAFLD. GPBAR1, also known as TGR5, is a G protein coupled receptor for secondary bile acids. In this study we have investigated the effect of GPBAR1 activation by BAR501, a selective GPBAR1 agonist, in Apolipoprotein E deficient (ApoE-/-) mice fed a high fat diet and fructose (Western diet), a validated model of NAFLD-associated atherosclerosis. Using aortic samples from patients who underwent surgery for abdominal aneurism, and ex vivo experiments with endothelial cells and human macrophages, we were able to co-localize the expression of GPBAR1 in CD14+ and PECAM1+ cells. Similar findings were observed in the aortic plaques from ApoE-/- mice. Treating ApoE-/- mice with BAR501, 30 mg/kg for 14 weeks, attenuated the body weight gain while ameliorated the insulin sensitivity by increasing the plasma concentrations of GLP-1 and FGF15. Activation of GPBAR1 reduced the aorta thickness and severity of atherosclerotic lesions and decreased the amount of plaques macrophages. Treating ApoE-/- mice reshaped the aortic transcriptome promoting the expression of anti-inflammatory genes, including IL-10, as also confirmed by tSNE analysis of spleen-derived macrophages. Feeding ApoE-/- mice with BAR501 redirected the bile acid synthesis and the composition of the intestinal microbiota. In conclusion, GPBAR1 agonism attenuates systemic inflammation and improve metabolic profile in a genetic/dietetic model of atherosclerosis. BAR501 might be of utility in the treatment for NAFLD-related CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Biagioli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Silvia Marchianò
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Martina Bordoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Ginevra Urbani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Rachele Bellini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Carmen Massa
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Rosalinda Roselli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Elva Morretta
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Antonino Giordano
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | | | - Asif Jilani Iqbal
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences (ICVS), College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Anella Saviano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Adel Ab Mansour
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Patrizia Ricci
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Angela Zampella
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Enrico Cieri
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cirino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Fiorucci
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
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26
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Chai C, Chen L, Deng MG, Liang Y, Liu F, Nie JQ. Dietary choline intake and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in U.S. adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017-2018. Eur J Clin Nutr 2023; 77:1160-1166. [PMID: 37634048 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-023-01336-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether there is an association between dietary choline intake and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in American adults remains unclear. METHODS Data came from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2018. Choline intake was defined by the mean amounts of two 24 h dietary recalls, and choline intake was categorized into three groups according to the quartiles: inadequate ( P75). Hepatic steatosis was assessed with FibroScan®, in which VCTE was employed with controlled attenuation to derive the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), and NAFLD was defined as a CAP score ≥285 dB/m. Multivariable linear regression was performed to assess the linear relationship between choline intake and CAP. Multivariable logistics regression models were conducted to assess the association between choline intake status and NAFLD in the final sample and subgroup analysis was then performed in men and women. RESULTS The amount of dietary choline was inversely associated with CAP score (β = -0.262, 95% CI: -0.280, -0.245). Compared to inadequate choline intake, optimal choline intake was related to a lower risk of NAFLD (OR: 0.705, 95% CI: 0.704-0.706) in the final sample. Subgroup analysis by gender revealed that the highest choline intake status was associated with a lower risk of NAFLD both in females (OR: 0.764, 95% CI: 0.762-0.766), and males (OR: 0.955, 95% CI: 0.953-0.958) when compared to the lowest choline intake. CONCLUSIONS With the latest NHANES data, we found that higher dietary choline was associated with a lower risk of NAFLD in American adults, and such a relationship exists in both females and males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chai
- Emergency Center, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Resuscitation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Lin Chen
- Emergency Department, Xiantao First People's Hospital Affiliated to Changjiang University, Xiantao, China
| | - Ming-Gang Deng
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yuehui Liang
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Fang Liu
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jia-Qi Nie
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
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27
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Itoh M, Tamura A, Kanai S, Tanaka M, Kanamori Y, Shirakawa I, Ito A, Oka Y, Hidaka I, Takami T, Honda Y, Maeda M, Saito Y, Murata Y, Matozaki T, Nakajima A, Kataoka Y, Ogi T, Ogawa Y, Suganami T. Lysosomal cholesterol overload in macrophages promotes liver fibrosis in a mouse model of NASH. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20220681. [PMID: 37725372 PMCID: PMC10506914 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20220681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of lipotoxic lipids, such as free cholesterol, induces hepatocyte death and subsequent inflammation and fibrosis in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We have previously reported that hepatocyte death locally induces phenotypic changes in the macrophages surrounding the corpse and remnant lipids, thereby promoting liver fibrosis in a murine model of NASH. Here, we demonstrated that lysosomal cholesterol overload triggers lysosomal dysfunction and profibrotic activation of macrophages during the development of NASH. β-cyclodextrin polyrotaxane (βCD-PRX), a unique supramolecule, is designed to elicit free cholesterol from lysosomes. Treatment with βCD-PRX ameliorated cholesterol accumulation and profibrotic activation of macrophages surrounding dead hepatocytes with cholesterol crystals, thereby suppressing liver fibrosis in a NASH model, without affecting the hepatic cholesterol levels. In vitro experiments revealed that cholesterol-induced lysosomal stress triggered profibrotic activation in macrophages predisposed to the steatotic microenvironment. This study provides evidence that dysregulated cholesterol metabolism in macrophages would be a novel mechanism of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Itoh
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Bioelectronics, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Kawasaki, Japan
- Department of Metabolic Syndrome and Nutritional Science, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tamura
- Department of Organic Biomaterials, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sayaka Kanai
- Department of Bioelectronics, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Miyako Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Immunometabolism, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yohei Kanamori
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ibuki Shirakawa
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ayaka Ito
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Immunometabolism, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuyoshi Oka
- Department of Genetics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Isao Hidaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Taro Takami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yasushi Honda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Mitsuyo Maeda
- Multi-Modal Microstructure Analysis Unit, RIKEN-JEOL Collaboration Center, Kobe, Japan
- Laboratory for Cellular Function Imaging, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Saito
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yoji Murata
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takashi Matozaki
- Division of Biosignal Regulation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakajima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yosky Kataoka
- Multi-Modal Microstructure Analysis Unit, RIKEN-JEOL Collaboration Center, Kobe, Japan
- Laboratory for Cellular Function Imaging, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tomoo Ogi
- Department of Genetics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ogawa
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Suganami
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Immunometabolism, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Center for One Medicine Innovative Translational Research, Gifu University Institute for Advanced Study, Gifu, Japan
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28
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Beaver LM, Prati M, Gilman KE, Luo T, Shay NF, Branscum AJ, Turner RT, Iwaniec UT. Diet composition influences the effect of high fat diets on bone in growing male mice. Bone 2023; 176:116888. [PMID: 37652285 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2023.116888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The effect of diet-induced obesity on bone in rodents is variable, with bone mass increases, decreases, and no impact reported. The goal of this study was to evaluate whether the composition of obesogenic diet may influence bone independent of its effect on body weight. As proof-of-principle, we used a mouse model to compare the skeletal effects of a commonly used high fat 'Western' diet and a modified high fat diet. The modified high fat diet included ground English walnut and was isocaloric for macronutrients, but differed in fatty acid composition and contained nutrients (e.g. polyphenols) not present in the standard 'Western' diet. Eight-week-old mice were randomized into 1 of 3 dietary treatments (n = 8/group): (1) low fat control diet (LF; 10 % kcal fat); (2) high fat 'Western' diet (HF; 46 % kcal fat as soybean oil and lard); or (3) modified high fat diet supplemented with ground walnuts (HF + walnut; 46 % kcal fat as soybean oil, lard, and walnut) and maintained on their respective diets for 9 weeks. Bone response in femur was then evaluated using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, microcomputed tomography, and histomorphometry. Consumption of both obesogenic diets resulted in increased weight gain but differed in impact on bone and bone marrow adiposity in distal femur metaphysis. Mice consuming the high fat 'Western' diet exhibited a tendency for lower cancellous bone volume fraction and connectivity density, and had lower osteoblast-lined bone perimeter (an index of bone formation) and higher bone marrow adiposity than low fat controls. Mice fed the modified high fat diet did not differ from mice fed control (low fat) diet in cancellous bone microarchitecture, or osteoblast-lined bone perimeter, and exhibited lower bone marrow adiposity compared to mice fed the 'Western' diet. This proof-of-principal study demonstrates that two obesogenic diets, similar in macronutrient distribution and induction of weight gain, can have different effects on cancellous bone in distal femur metaphysis. Because the composition of the diets used to induce obesity in rodents does not recapitulate a common human diet, our finding challenges the translatability of rodent studies evaluating the impact of diet-induced obesity on bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Beaver
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA; Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Maud Prati
- Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Kristy E Gilman
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Ting Luo
- Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Neil F Shay
- Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Adam J Branscum
- Biostatistics Program, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Russell T Turner
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA; Center for Healthy Aging Research, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Urszula T Iwaniec
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA; Center for Healthy Aging Research, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
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29
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Chávez E, Aparicio-Cadena AR, Velasco-Loyden G, Lozano-Rosas MG, Domínguez-López M, Cancino-Bello A, Torres N, Tovar AR, Cabrera-Aguilar A, Chagoya-de Sánchez V. An adenosine derivative prevents the alterations observed in metabolic syndrome in a rat model induced by a rich high-fat diet and sucrose supplementation. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292448. [PMID: 37796781 PMCID: PMC10553329 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a multifactorial disease with high prevalence worldwide. It is related to cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and obesity. Approximately 80% of patients with metabolic syndrome have some degree of fatty liver disease. An adenosine derivative (IFC-305) has been shown to exert protective effects in models of liver damage as well as on elements involved in central metabolism; therefore, here, we evaluated the effect of IFC-305 in an experimental model of metabolic syndrome in rats induced by a high-fat diet and 10% sucrose in drinking water for 18 weeks. We also determined changes in fatty acid uptake in the Huh-7 cell line. In the experimental model, increases in body mass, serum triglycerides and proinflammatory cytokines were induced in rats, and the adenosine derivative significantly prevented these changes. Interestingly, IFC-305 prevented alterations in glucose and insulin tolerance, enabling the regulation of glucose levels in the same way as in the control group. Histologically, the alterations, including mitochondrial morphological changes, observed in response to the high-fat diet were prevented by administration of the adenosine derivative. This compound exerted protective effects against metabolic syndrome, likely due to its action in metabolic regulation, such as in the regulation of glucose blood levels and hepatocyte fatty acid uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Chávez
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Rusbel Aparicio-Cadena
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Velasco-Loyden
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María Guadalupe Lozano-Rosas
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mariana Domínguez-López
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Amairani Cancino-Bello
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nimbe Torres
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Armando R. Tovar
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Cabrera-Aguilar
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Victoria Chagoya-de Sánchez
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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30
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Wang S, Friedman SL. Found in translation-Fibrosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eadi0759. [PMID: 37792957 PMCID: PMC10671253 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adi0759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a severe form of liver disease that poses a global health threat because of its potential to progress to advanced fibrosis, leading to cirrhosis and liver cancer. Recent advances in single-cell methodologies, refined disease models, and genetic and epigenetic insights have provided a nuanced understanding of MASH fibrogenesis, with substantial cellular heterogeneity in MASH livers providing potentially targetable cell-cell interactions and behavior. Unlike fibrogenesis, mechanisms underlying fibrosis regression in MASH are still inadequately understood, although antifibrotic targets have been recently identified. A refined antifibrotic treatment framework could lead to noninvasive assessment and targeted therapies that preserve hepatocellular function and restore the liver's architectural integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wang
- Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Scott L. Friedman
- Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
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31
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Hammoutene A, Tanguy M, Calmels M, Pravisani R, Albuquerque M, Casteleyn C, Slimani L, Sadoine J, Boulanger CM, Paradis V, Gilgenkrantz H, Rautou PE. Endothelial autophagy is not required for liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in mice with fatty liver. Liver Int 2023; 43:2309-2319. [PMID: 37403133 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have impaired liver regeneration. Liver endothelial cells play a key role in liver regeneration. In non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), liver endothelial cells display a defect in autophagy, contributing to NASH progression. We aimed to determine the role of endothelial autophagy in liver regeneration following liver resection in NAFLD. METHODS First, we assessed autophagy in primary endothelial cells from wild type mice fed a high fat diet and subjected to partial hepatectomy. Then, we assessed liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in mice deficient (Atg5lox/lox ;VE-cadherin-Cre+ ) or not (Atg5lox/lox ) in endothelial autophagy and fed a high fat diet. The role of endothelial autophagy in liver regeneration was also assessed in ApoE-/- hypercholesterolemic mice and in mice with NASH induced by methionine- and choline-deficient diet. RESULTS First, autophagy (LC3II/protein) was strongly increased in liver endothelial cells following hepatectomy. Then, we observed at 40 and 48 h and at 7 days after partial hepatectomy, that Atg5lox/lox ;VE-cadherin-Cre+ mice fed a high fat diet had similar liver weight, plasma AST, ALT and albumin concentration, and liver protein expression of proliferation (PCNA), cell-cycle (Cyclin D1, BrdU incorporation, phospho-Histone H3) and apoptosis markers (cleaved Caspase-3) as Atg5lox/lox mice fed a high fat diet. Same results were obtained in ApoE-/- and methionine- and choline-deficient diet fed mice, 40 h after hepatectomy. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that the defect in endothelial autophagy occurring in NASH does not account for the impaired liver regeneration occurring in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Hammoutene
- Université Paris Cité, PARCC, INSERM, Paris, France
- Université Paris-Cité, Inserm, Centre de recherche sur l'inflammation, UMR 1149, Paris, France
| | - Marion Tanguy
- Université Paris Cité, PARCC, INSERM, Paris, France
- Université Paris-Cité, Inserm, Centre de recherche sur l'inflammation, UMR 1149, Paris, France
| | | | - Riccardo Pravisani
- Service de chirurgie hépatobiliaire et pancréatique, Hôpital Beaujon, AP-HP, Clichy, France
| | - Miguel Albuquerque
- Université Paris-Cité, Inserm, Centre de recherche sur l'inflammation, UMR 1149, Paris, France
- Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, Hôpital Beaujon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Clichy, France
| | - Christophe Casteleyn
- Department of Morphology, Imaging, Orthopaedics, Physiotherapy and Nutrition, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lotfi Slimani
- Laboratory of Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies URP2496, Université Paris Cité, Montrouge, France
- Plateforme Imageries du Vivant, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université Paris Cité, Montrouge, France
| | - Jeremy Sadoine
- Laboratory of Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies URP2496, Université Paris Cité, Montrouge, France
- Plateforme Imageries du Vivant, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université Paris Cité, Montrouge, France
| | | | - Valérie Paradis
- Université Paris-Cité, Inserm, Centre de recherche sur l'inflammation, UMR 1149, Paris, France
- Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, Hôpital Beaujon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Clichy, France
| | - Hélène Gilgenkrantz
- Université Paris-Cité, Inserm, Centre de recherche sur l'inflammation, UMR 1149, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Rautou
- Université Paris Cité, PARCC, INSERM, Paris, France
- Université Paris-Cité, Inserm, Centre de recherche sur l'inflammation, UMR 1149, Paris, France
- Service d'Hépatologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Beaujon, DMU DIGEST, Centre de Référence des Maladies Vasculaires du Foie, FILFOIE, ERN RARE-LIVER, Clichy, France
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Xu M, Tan J, Zhu L, Ge C, Zhang Y, Gao F, Dai X, Kuang Q, Chai J, Zou B, Wang B. Palmitoyltransferase ZDHHC3 Aggravates Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis by Targeting S-Palmitoylated IRHOM2. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2302130. [PMID: 37544908 PMCID: PMC10558657 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Underestimation of the complexity of pathogenesis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) significantly encumbers development of new drugs and targeted therapy strategies. Inactive rhomboid protein 2 (IRHOM2) has a multifunctional role in regulating inflammation, cell survival, and immunoreaction. Although cytokines and chemokines promote IRHOM2 trafficking or cooperate with partner factors by phosphorylation or ubiquitin ligases-mediated ubiquitination to perform physiological process, it remains unknown whether other regulators induce IRHOM2 activation via different mechanisms in NASH progression. Here the authors find that IRHOM2 is post-translationally S-palmitoylated at C476 in iRhom homology domain (IRHD), which facilitates its cytomembrane translocation and stabilization. Fatty-acids challenge can directly promote IRHOM2 trafficking by increasing its palmitoylation. Additionally, the authors identify Zinc finger DHHC-type palmitoyltransferase 3 (ZDHHC3) as a key acetyltransferase required for the IRHOM2 palmitoylation. Fatty-acids administration enhances IRHOM2 palmitoylation by increasing the direct association between ZDHHC3 and IRHOM2, which is catalyzed by the DHHC (C157) domain of ZDHHC3. Meanwhile, a metabolic stresses-triggered increase of ZDHHC3 maintains palmitoylated IRHOM2 accumulation by blocking its ubiquitination, consequently suppressing its ubiquitin-proteasome-related degradation mediated by tripartite motif containing 31 (TRIM31). High-levels of ZDHHC3 protein abundance positively correlate with the severity of NASH phenotype in patient samples. Hepatocyte-specific dysfunction of ZDHHC3 significantly inhibits palmitoylated IRHOM2 deposition, therefore suppressing the fatty-acids-mediated hepatosteatosis and inflammation in vitro, as well as NASH pathological phenotype induced by two different high-energy diets (HFHC & WTDF) in the in vivo rodent and rabbit model. Inversely, specific restoration of ZDHHC3 in hepatocytes markedly provides acceleration over the course of NASH development via increasing palmitoylation of IRHOM2 along with suppression of ubiquitin degradation. The current work uncovers that ZDHHC3-induced palmitoylation is a novel regulatory mechanism and signal that regulates IRHOM2 trafficking, which confers evidence associating the regulation of palmitoylation with NASH progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minxuan Xu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir RegionSchool of Biological and Chemical EngineeringChongqing University of EducationChongqing400067P. R. China
- College of Modern Health IndustryChongqing University of EducationChongqing400067P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University)Ministry of EducationCollege of BioengineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing400030P. R. China
| | - Jun Tan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir RegionSchool of Biological and Chemical EngineeringChongqing University of EducationChongqing400067P. R. China
- College of Modern Health IndustryChongqing University of EducationChongqing400067P. R. China
| | - Liancai Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University)Ministry of EducationCollege of BioengineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing400030P. R. China
| | - Chenxu Ge
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir RegionSchool of Biological and Chemical EngineeringChongqing University of EducationChongqing400067P. R. China
- College of Modern Health IndustryChongqing University of EducationChongqing400067P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University)Ministry of EducationCollege of BioengineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing400030P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryShandong Cancer Hospital and InstituteShandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical ScienceJinan250117P. R. China
| | - Fufeng Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryShandong Cancer Hospital and InstituteShandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical ScienceJinan250117P. R. China
| | - Xianling Dai
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir RegionSchool of Biological and Chemical EngineeringChongqing University of EducationChongqing400067P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University)Ministry of EducationCollege of BioengineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing400030P. R. China
| | - Qin Kuang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir RegionSchool of Biological and Chemical EngineeringChongqing University of EducationChongqing400067P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University)Ministry of EducationCollege of BioengineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing400030P. R. China
| | - Jie Chai
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryShandong Cancer Hospital and InstituteShandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical ScienceJinan250117P. R. China
| | - Benkui Zou
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryShandong Cancer Hospital and InstituteShandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical ScienceJinan250117P. R. China
| | - Bochu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University)Ministry of EducationCollege of BioengineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing400030P. R. China
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Hatano M, Akiyama Y, Shimada S, Yagi K, Akahoshi K, Itoh M, Tanabe M, Ogawa Y, Tanaka S. Loss of KDM6B epigenetically confers resistance to lipotoxicity in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-related HCC. Hepatol Commun 2023; 7:e0277. [PMID: 37782459 PMCID: PMC10545410 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND NAFLD caused by abnormalities in hepatic lipid metabolism is associated with an increased risk of developing HCC. The molecular mechanisms underlying the progression of NAFLD-related HCC are not fully understood. We investigated the molecular mechanism and role of KDM6B downregulation in NAFLD-related HCC after the KDM6B gene was identified using microarray analysis as commonly downregulated in mouse NAFLD-related HCC and human nonhepatitis B and nonhepatitis C viral-HCC. METHODS The 5-hydroxymethylcytosine levels of KDM6B in HCC cells were determined using glycosylated hydroxymethyl-sensitive PCR. Microarray and chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses using KDM6B-knockout (KO) cells were used to identify KDM6B target genes. Lipotoxicity was assessed using a palmitate-treated cell proliferation assay. Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate KDM6B expression in human HCC tissues. RESULTS KDM6B expression levels in HCC cells correlated with the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine levels in the KDM6B gene body region. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that the lipid metabolism pathway was suppressed in KDM6B-KO cells. KDM6B-KO cells acquired resistance to lipotoxicity (p < 0.01) and downregulated the expression of G0S2, an adipose triglyceride lipase/patatin like phospholipase domain containing 2 (ATGL/PNPLA2) inhibitor, through increased histone H3 lysine-27 trimethylation levels. G0S2 knockdown in KDM6B-expressed HCC cells conferred lipotoxicity resistance, whereas ATGL/PNPLA2 inhibition in the KDM6B-KO cells reduced these effects. Immunohistochemistry revealed that KDM6B expression was decreased in human NAFLD-related HCC tissues (p < 0.001), which was significantly associated with decreased G0S2 expression (p = 0.032). CONCLUSIONS KDM6B-disrupted HCC acquires resistance to lipotoxicity via ATGL/PNPLA2 activation caused by epigenetic downregulation of G0S2 expression. Reduced KDM6B and G0S2 expression levels are common in NAFLD-related HCC. Targeting the KDM6B-G0S2-ATGL/PNPLA2 pathway may be a useful therapeutic strategy for NAFLD-related HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Hatano
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Akiyama
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shu Shimada
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohei Yagi
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Akahoshi
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiko Itoh
- Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Minoru Tanabe
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ogawa
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shinji Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Zhang Y, Luo Y, Liu X, Kiupel M, Li A, Wang H, Mi QS, Xiao H. NCOA5 Haploinsufficiency in Myeloid-Lineage Cells Sufficiently Causes Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 17:1-27. [PMID: 37734594 PMCID: PMC10665956 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The nuclear receptor coactivator 5 (NCOA5) is a putative type 2 diabetes susceptibility gene. NCOA5 haploinsufficiency results in the spontaneous development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), insulin resistance, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in male mice; however, the cell-specific effect of NCOA5 haploinsufficiency in various types of cells, including macrophages, on the development of NAFLD and HCC remains unknown. METHODS Control and myeloid-lineage-specific Ncoa5 deletion (Ncoa5ΔM/+) mice fed a normal diet were examined for the development of NAFLD, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and HCC. Altered genes and signaling pathways in the intrahepatic macrophages of Ncoa5ΔM/+ male mice were analyzed and compared with those of obese human individuals. The role of platelet factor 4 (PF4) in macrophages and the underlying mechanism by which PF4 affects NAFLD/NASH were explored in vitro and in vivo. PF4 expression in HCC patient specimens and prognosis was examined. RESULTS Myeloid-lineage-specific Ncoa5 deletion sufficiently causes spontaneous NASH and HCC development in male mice fed a normal diet. PF4 overexpression in Ncoa5ΔM/+ intrahepatic macrophages is identified as a potent mediator to trigger lipid accumulation in hepatocytes by inducing lipogenesis-promoting gene expression. The transcriptome of intrahepatic macrophages from Ncoa5ΔM/+ male mice resembles that of obese human individuals. High PF4 expression correlated with poor prognosis of HCC patients and increased infiltrations of M2 macrophages, regulatory T cells, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells in HCCs. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal a novel mechanism for the onset of NAFLD/NASH and HCC initiated by NCOA5-deficient macrophages, suggesting the NCOA5-PF4 axis in macrophages as a potential target for developing preventive and therapeutic interventions against NAFLD/NASH and HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqi Zhang
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan; Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Yue Luo
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan; Cancer Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinhui Liu
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan; Cancer Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Matti Kiupel
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Aimin Li
- Cancer Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongbing Wang
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Qing-Sheng Mi
- Immunology Program, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan; Center for Cutaneous Biology and Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Hua Xiao
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan.
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Qiu B, Lawan A, Xirouchaki CE, Yi JS, Robert M, Zhang L, Brown W, Fernández-Hernando C, Yang X, Tiganis T, Bennett AM. MKP1 promotes nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by suppressing AMPK activity through LKB1 nuclear retention. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5405. [PMID: 37669951 PMCID: PMC10480499 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41145-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is triggered by hepatocyte death through activation of caspase 6, as a result of decreased adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase-alpha (AMPKα) activity. Increased hepatocellular death promotes inflammation which drives hepatic fibrosis. We show that the nuclear-localized mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphatase-1 (MKP1) is upregulated in NASH patients and in NASH diet fed male mice. The focus of this work is to investigate whether and how MKP1 is involved in the development of NASH. Under NASH conditions increased oxidative stress, induces MKP1 expression leading to nuclear p38 MAPK dephosphorylation and decreases liver kinase B1 (LKB1) phosphorylation at a site required to promote LKB1 nuclear exit. Hepatic deletion of MKP1 in NASH diet fed male mice releases nuclear LKB1 into the cytoplasm to activate AMPKα and prevents hepatocellular death, inflammation and NASH. Hence, nuclear-localized MKP1-p38 MAPK-LKB1 signaling is required to suppress AMPKα which triggers hepatocyte death and the development of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Qiu
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Yale University School of Medicine, Yale Center of Molecular and Systems Metabolism, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Ahmed Lawan
- University of Alabama, Department of Biological Sciences, 301 Sparkman Drive, Huntsville, AL, 35899, USA
| | - Chrysovalantou E Xirouchaki
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Jae-Sung Yi
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Yale University School of Medicine, Yale Center of Molecular and Systems Metabolism, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Marie Robert
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Lei Zhang
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Yale University School of Medicine, Yale Center of Molecular and Systems Metabolism, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Wendy Brown
- Monash University Department of Surgery, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Carlos Fernández-Hernando
- Yale University School of Medicine, Yale Center of Molecular and Systems Metabolism, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Yale University School of Medicine, Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Xiaoyong Yang
- Yale University School of Medicine, Yale Center of Molecular and Systems Metabolism, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Tony Tiganis
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Anton M Bennett
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
- Yale University School of Medicine, Yale Center of Molecular and Systems Metabolism, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
- Yale University School of Medicine, Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Yao Y, Shen Y. Cross-talk between gut microbiota and liver steatosis: Complications and therapeutic target. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220699. [PMID: 37671098 PMCID: PMC10476486 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver steatosis is the most widespread chronic liver condition. Its global incidence is rising swiftly and is currently estimated to be 24%. Liver steatosis is strongly related with numerous metabolic syndrome characteristics, like obesity, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension. The gastrointestinal tract contains about 100 trillion commensal organisms and more than 7,000 distinct bacterial strains. Fat deposition in the liver without secondary causes is known as liver steatosis. Dysregulation of the gut flora is one of the factors connected to the onset of fatty liver disease. Dietary choices may alter constitution of the microbiome and cause gut microbiome dysbiosis, particularly due to the intake of food high in fructose sugars, animal products, and saturated fats. Various gut bacteria cause nutrient metabolism in multiple ways, setting off different inflammatory cascades that encourage liver disease and pathways that help fat build up in the liver. Due to their relatively stable nature, genetic factors may not be responsible for the constant increase in liver steatosis incidence. Genetic factors set the stage for liver steatosis pathogenesis. This review will offer an overview of our present knowledge of the roles played by gut microbiota in regulating the development of liver steatosis, potential side effects, and potential treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yao
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- The Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Yunfeng Shen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006, Nanchang, China
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Yehezkel AS, Abudi N, Nevo Y, Benyamini H, Elgavish S, Weinstock M, Abramovitch R. AN1284 attenuates steatosis, lipogenesis, and fibrosis in mice with pre-existing non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and directly affects aryl hydrocarbon receptor in a hepatic cell line. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1226808. [PMID: 37664863 PMCID: PMC10469006 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1226808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is an aggressive form of fatty liver disease with hepatic inflammation and fibrosis for which there is currently no drug treatment. This study determined whether an indoline derivative, AN1284, which significantly reduced damage in a model of acute liver disease, can reverse steatosis and fibrosis in mice with pre-existing NASH and explore its mechanism of action. The mouse model of dietary-induced NASH reproduces most of the liver pathology seen in human subjects. This was confirmed by RNA-sequencing analysis. The Western diet, given for 4 months, caused steatosis, inflammation, and liver fibrosis. AN1284 (1 mg or 5 mg/kg/day) was administered for the last 2 months of the diet by micro-osmotic-pumps (mps). Both doses significantly decreased hepatic damage, liver weight, hepatic fat content, triglyceride, serum alanine transaminase, and fibrosis. AN1284 (1 mg/kg/day) given by mps or in the drinking fluid significantly reduced fibrosis produced by carbon tetrachloride injections. In human HUH7 hepatoma cells incubated with palmitic acid, AN1284 (2.1 and 6.3 ng/ml), concentrations compatible with those in the liver of mice treated with AN1284, decreased lipid formation by causing nuclear translocation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). AN1284 downregulated fatty acid synthase (FASN) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) and upregulated Acyl-CoA Oxidase 1 and Cytochrome P450-a1, genes involved in lipid metabolism. In conclusion, chronic treatment with AN1284 (1mg/kg/day) reduced pre-existing steatosis and fibrosis through AhR, which affects several contributors to the development of fatty liver disease. Additional pathways are also influenced by AN1284 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adi S. Yehezkel
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nathalie Abudi
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hadar Benyamini
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sharona Elgavish
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Marta Weinstock
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Drug Research, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rinat Abramovitch
- The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- The Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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Thomaz MS, Sertorio MN, Gazarini ML, Ribeiro DA, Pisani LP, Nagaoka MR. Effect of Kinins on the Hepatic Oxidative Stress in Mice Treated with a Methionine-Choline Deficient Diet. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2199. [PMID: 37626696 PMCID: PMC10452290 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver is the leading cause of hepatic disease worldwide and ranges from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) due to cell injury, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. The kinins' role in the liver has been studied in experimental fibrosis, partial hepatectomy, and ischemia-reperfusion and is related to cell death and regeneration. We investigated its role in experimental NASH induced by a methionine-choline deficient diet for 4 weeks. After that, liver perfusion was performed, and bradykinin (BK) or des-Arg9-BK was infused. Cell death was evaluated by cathepsin-B and caspase-3 activity and oxidative stress by catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, as well as malondialdehyde and carbonylated proteins. In control livers, DABK increased CAT activity, which was reversed by antagonist DALBK. In the NASH group, kinins tend to decrease antioxidant activity, with SOD activity being significantly reduced by BK and DABK. Malondialdehyde levels increased in all NASH groups, but carbonylated protein did not. DABK significantly decreased cathepsin-B in the NASH group, while caspase-3 was increased by BK in control animals. Our results suggest that B1R and/or B2R activation did not induce oxidative stress but affected the antioxidant system, reducing SOD in the NASH group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Marcia Regina Nagaoka
- Department of Biosciences, Instituto Saúde Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos 11015-020, SP, Brazil; (M.S.T.)
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Upadhyay KK, Choi EYK, Foisner R, Omary MB, Brady GF. Hepatocyte-specific loss of LAP2α protects against diet-induced hepatic steatosis, steatohepatitis, and fibrosis in male mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2023; 325:G184-G195. [PMID: 37366543 PMCID: PMC10396226 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00214.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence for the importance of the nuclear envelope in lipid metabolism, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Human mutations in LMNA, encoding A-type nuclear lamins, cause early-onset insulin resistance and NASH, while hepatocyte-specific deletion of Lmna predisposes to NASH with fibrosis in male mice. Given that variants in the gene encoding LAP2α, a nuclear protein that regulates lamin A/C, were previously identified in patients with NAFLD, we sought to determine the role of LAP2α in NAFLD using a mouse genetic model. Hepatocyte-specific Lap2α-knockout (Lap2α(ΔHep)) mice and littermate controls were fed normal chow or high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 wk or 6 mo. Unexpectedly, male Lap2α(ΔHep) mice showed no increase in hepatic steatosis or NASH compared with controls. Rather, Lap2α(ΔHep) mice demonstrated reduced hepatic steatosis, with decreased NASH and fibrosis after long-term HFD. Accordingly, pro-steatotic genes including Cidea, Mogat1, and Cd36 were downregulated in Lap2α(ΔHep) mice, along with concomitant decreases in expression of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic genes. These data indicate that hepatocyte-specific Lap2α deletion protects against hepatic steatosis and NASH in mice and raise the possibility that LAP2α could become a potential therapeutic target in human NASH.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The nuclear envelope and lamina regulate lipid metabolism and susceptibility to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), but the role of the nuclear lamin-binding protein LAP2α in NASH has not been explored. Our data demonstrate that hepatocyte-specific loss of LAP2α protects against diet-induced hepatic steatosis, NASH, and fibrosis in male mice, with downregulation of pro-steatotic, pro-inflammatory, and pro-fibrotic lamin-regulated genes. These findings suggest that targeting LAP2α could have future potential as a novel therapeutic avenue in NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kapil K Upadhyay
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Eun-Young K Choi
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Roland Foisner
- Max Perutz Labs, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter Campus, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Bishr Omary
- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School and the Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States
| | - Graham F Brady
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
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Dewidar B, Mastrototaro L, Englisch C, Ress C, Granata C, Rohbeck E, Pesta D, Heilmann G, Wolkersdorfer M, Esposito I, Reina Do Fundo M, Zivehe F, Yavas A, Roden M. Alterations of hepatic energy metabolism in murine models of obesity, diabetes and fatty liver diseases. EBioMedicine 2023; 94:104714. [PMID: 37454552 PMCID: PMC10384226 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disturbed hepatic energy metabolism contributes to non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD), but the development of changes over time and obesity- or diabetes-related mechanisms remained unclear. METHODS Two-day old male C57BL/6j mice received streptozotocin (STZ) or placebo (PLC) and then high-fat (HFD) or regular chow diet (RCD) from week 4 (W4) to either W8 or W16, yielding control [CTRL = PLC + RCD], diabetes [DIAB = STZ + RCD], obesity [OBES = PLC + HFD] and diabetes-related non-alcoholic steatohepatitis [NASH = STZ + HFD] models. Mitochondrial respiration was measured by high-resolution respirometry and insulin-sensitive glucose metabolism by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps with stable isotope dilution. FINDINGS NASH showed higher steatosis and NAFLD activity already at W8 and liver fibrosis at W16 (all p < 0.01 vs CTRL). Ballooning was increased in DIAB and NASH at W16 (p < 0.01 vs CTRL). At W16, insulin sensitivity was 47%, 58% and 75% lower in DIAB, NASH and OBES (p < 0.001 vs CTRL). Hepatic uncoupled fatty acid oxidation (FAO)-associated respiration was reduced in OBES at W8, but doubled in DIAB and NASH at W16 (p < 0.01 vs CTRL) and correlated with biomarkers of unfolded protein response (UPR), oxidative stress and hepatic expression of certain enzymes (acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2, Acc2; carnitine palmitoyltransferase I, Cpt1a). Tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA)-driven respiration was lower in OBES at W8 and doubled in DIAB at W16 (p < 0.0001 vs CTRL), which positively correlated with expression of genes related to lipolysis. INTERPRETATION Hepatic mitochondria adapt to various metabolic challenges with increasing FAO-driven respiration, which is linked to dysfunctional UPR, systemic oxidative stress, insulin resistance and altered lipid metabolism. In a diabetes model, higher TCA-linked respiration reflected mitochondrial adaptation to greater hepatic lipid turnover. FUNDING Funding bodies that contributed to this study were listed in the acknowledgements section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bedair Dewidar
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lucia Mastrototaro
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Englisch
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Ress
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Insulin Resistance, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Cesare Granata
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Rohbeck
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Dominik Pesta
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Geronimo Heilmann
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Wolkersdorfer
- Landesapotheke Salzburg, Department of Production, Hospital Pharmacy, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Irene Esposito
- Institute of Pathology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michelle Reina Do Fundo
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Fariba Zivehe
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Aslihan Yavas
- Institute of Pathology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Yamada K, Tanaka T, Kai K, Matsufuji S, Ito K, Kitajima Y, Manabe T, Noshiro H. Suppression of NASH-Related HCC by Farnesyltransferase Inhibitor through Inhibition of Inflammation and Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11546. [PMID: 37511305 PMCID: PMC10380354 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory processes play major roles in carcinogenesis and the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) derived from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). But, there are no therapies for NASH-related HCC, especially focusing on these critical steps. Previous studies have reported that farnesyltransferase inhibitors (FTIs) have anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects. However, the influence of FTIs on NASH-related HCC has not been elucidated. In hepatoblastoma and HCC cell lines, HepG2, Hep3B, and Huh-7, we confirmed the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, an accelerator of tumor aggressiveness and the inflammatory response. We established NASH-related HCC models under inflammation and free fatty acid burden and confirmed that HIF-1α expression was increased under both conditions. Tipifarnib, which is an FTI, strongly suppressed increased HIF-1α, inhibited cell proliferation, and induced apoptosis. Simultaneously, intracellular interleukin-6 as an inflammation marker was increased under both conditions and significantly suppressed by tipifarnib. Additionally, tipifarnib suppressed the expression of phosphorylated nuclear factor-κB and transforming growth factor-β. Finally, in a NASH-related HCC mouse model burdened with diethylnitrosamine and a high-fat diet, tipifarnib significantly reduced tumor nodule formation in association with decreased serum interleukin-6. In conclusion, tipifarnib has anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory effects in a NASH-related HCC model and may be a promising new agent to treat this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Yamada
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Keita Kai
- Department of Pathology, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Shohei Matsufuji
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Kotaro Ito
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Kitajima
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Saga 849-8501, Japan
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Higashisaga Hospital, Saga 849-0101, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Manabe
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Noshiro
- Department of Surgery, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Saga 849-8501, Japan
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Qiu B, Lawan A, Xirouchaki CE, Yi JS, Robert M, Zhang L, Brown W, Fernández-Hernando C, Yang X, Tiganis T, Bennett AM. MKP1 promotes nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by suppressing AMPK activity through LKB1 nuclear retention. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.10.548263. [PMID: 37502892 PMCID: PMC10369865 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.10.548263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is triggered by hepatocyte death through activation of caspase 6, as a result of decreased adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase-alpha (AMPKα) activity. Increased hepatocellular death promotes inflammation which drives hepatic fibrosis. We show that the nuclear-localized mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphatase-1 (MKP1) is upregulated in NASH patients and in NASH diet fed mice. The focus of this work was to investigate whether and how MKP1 is involved in the development of NASH. Under NASH conditions increased oxidative stress, induces MKP1 expression leading to nuclear p38 MAPK dephosphorylation and decreased liver kinase B1 (LKB1) phosphorylation at a site required to promote LKB1 nuclear exit. Hepatic deletion of MKP1 in NASH diet fed mice released nuclear LKB1 into the cytoplasm to activate AMPKα and prevent hepatocellular death, inflammation and NASH. Hence, nuclear-localized MKP1-p38 MAPK-LKB1 signaling is required to suppress AMPKα which triggers hepatocyte death and the development of NASH.
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Yeh YT, Wu X, Ma Y, Ying Z, He L, Xue B, Shi H, Choi Y, Yu L. Single ethanol binge causes severe liver injury in mice fed Western diet. Hepatol Commun 2023; 7:e00174. [PMID: 37314747 PMCID: PMC10270551 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) and NAFLD often coexist in Western societies that consume energy-rich and cholesterol-containing Western diets. Increased rates of ALD mortality in young people in these societies are likely attributable to binge drinking. It is largely unknown how alcohol binge causes liver damage in the setting of Western diets. APPROACH AND RESULTS In this study, we showed that a single ethanol binge (5 g/kg body weight) induced severe liver injury as shown by marked increases in serum activities of the 2 aminotransferases AST and ALT in C57BL/6J mice that have been fed a Western diet for 3 weeks. The Western diet plus binge ethanol-fed mice also displayed severe lipid droplet deposition and high contents of triglycerides and cholesterol in the liver, which were associated with increased lipogenic and reduced fatty acid oxidative gene expression. These animals had the highest Cxcl1 mRNA expression and myeloperoxidase (MPO)-positive neutrophils in the liver. Their hepatic ROS and lipid peroxidation were the highest, but their hepatic levels of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation proteins remained largely unaltered. Hepatic levels of several ER stress markers, including mRNAs for CHOP, ERO1A, ERO1B, BIM, and BIP, as well as Xbp1 splicing and proteins for BIP/GRP78 and IRE-α were also the highest in these animals. Interestingly, Western diet feeding for 3 weeks or ethanol binge dramatically increased hepatic caspase 3 cleavage, and the combination of the 2 did not further increase it. Thus, we successfully established a murine model of acute liver injury by mimicking human diets and binge drinking. CONCLUSIONS This simple Western diet plus single ethanol binge model recapitulates major hepatic phenotypes of ALD, including steatosis and steatohepatitis characterized by neutrophil infiltration, oxidative stress, and ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Te Yeh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Xiangdong Wu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yinyan Ma
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Zhekang Ying
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore Street, Maryland, USA
| | - Ling He
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Bingzhong Xue
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore Street, Maryland, USA
| | - Hang Shi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore Street, Maryland, USA
| | - Youngshim Choi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Liqing Yu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Wang H, Shen H, Seo W, Hwang S. Experimental models of fatty liver diseases: Status and appraisal. Hepatol Commun 2023; 7:e00200. [PMID: 37378635 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty liver diseases, including alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), affect a large number of people worldwide and become one of the major causes of end-stage liver disease, such as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Unfortunately, there are currently no approved pharmacological treatments for ALD or NAFLD. This situation highlights the urgent need to explore new intervention targets and discover effective therapeutics for ALD and NAFLD. The lack of properly validated preclinical disease models is a major obstacle to the development of clinical therapies. ALD and NAFLD models have been in the development for decades, but there are still no models that recapitulate the full spectrum of ALD and NAFLD. Throughout this review, we summarize the current in vitro and in vivo models used for research on fatty liver diseases and discuss the advantages and limitations of these models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Haiyuan Shen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wonhyo Seo
- Laboratory of Hepatotoxicity, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghwan Hwang
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Obrecht M, Zurbruegg S, Accart N, Lambert C, Doelemeyer A, Ledermann B, Beckmann N. Magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound elastography in the context of preclinical pharmacological research: significance for the 3R principles. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1177421. [PMID: 37448960 PMCID: PMC10337591 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1177421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The 3Rs principles-reduction, refinement, replacement-are at the core of preclinical research within drug discovery, which still relies to a great extent on the availability of models of disease in animals. Minimizing their distress, reducing their number as well as searching for means to replace them in experimental studies are constant objectives in this area. Due to its non-invasive character in vivo imaging supports these efforts by enabling repeated longitudinal assessments in each animal which serves as its own control, thereby enabling to reduce considerably the animal utilization in the experiments. The repetitive monitoring of pathology progression and the effects of therapy becomes feasible by assessment of quantitative biomarkers. Moreover, imaging has translational prospects by facilitating the comparison of studies performed in small rodents and humans. Also, learnings from the clinic may be potentially back-translated to preclinical settings and therefore contribute to refining animal investigations. By concentrating on activities around the application of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound elastography to small rodent models of disease, we aim to illustrate how in vivo imaging contributes primarily to reduction and refinement in the context of pharmacological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Obrecht
- Diseases of Aging and Regenerative Medicines, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Zurbruegg
- Neurosciences Department, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Accart
- Diseases of Aging and Regenerative Medicines, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Lambert
- Diseases of Aging and Regenerative Medicines, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arno Doelemeyer
- Diseases of Aging and Regenerative Medicines, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Birgit Ledermann
- 3Rs Leader, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicolau Beckmann
- Diseases of Aging and Regenerative Medicines, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
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Otumala AE, Hellen DJ, Luna CA, Delgado P, Dissanayaka A, Ugwumadu C, Oshinowo O, Islam MM, Shen L, Karpen SJ, Myers DR. Opportunities and considerations for studying liver disease with microphysiological systems on a chip. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:2877-2898. [PMID: 37282629 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00940d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Advances in microsystem engineering have enabled the development of highly controlled models of the liver that better recapitulate the unique in vivo biological conditions. In just a few short years, substantial progress has been made in creating complex mono- and multi-cellular models that mimic key metabolic, structural, and oxygen gradients crucial for liver function. Here we review: 1) the state-of-the-art in liver-centric microphysiological systems and 2) the array of liver diseases and pressing biological and therapeutic challenges which could be investigated with these systems. The engineering community has unique opportunities to innovate with new liver-on-a-chip devices and partner with biomedical researchers to usher in a new era of understanding of the molecular and cellular contributors to liver diseases and identify and test rational therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adiya E Otumala
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, 1760 Haygood Dr, Suite E-160, Rm E-156, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Dominick J Hellen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - C Alessandra Luna
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, 1760 Haygood Dr, Suite E-160, Rm E-156, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Priscilla Delgado
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, 1760 Haygood Dr, Suite E-160, Rm E-156, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Anjana Dissanayaka
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, 1760 Haygood Dr, Suite E-160, Rm E-156, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Chidozie Ugwumadu
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, 1760 Haygood Dr, Suite E-160, Rm E-156, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Oluwamayokun Oshinowo
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, 1760 Haygood Dr, Suite E-160, Rm E-156, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Md Mydul Islam
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, 1760 Haygood Dr, Suite E-160, Rm E-156, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Luyao Shen
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, 1760 Haygood Dr, Suite E-160, Rm E-156, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Saul J Karpen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - David R Myers
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, 1760 Haygood Dr, Suite E-160, Rm E-156, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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Guo Y, Miao X, Sun X, Li L, Zhou A, Zhu X, Xu Y, Wang Q, Li Z, Fan Z. Zinc finger transcription factor Egf1 promotes non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. JHEP Rep 2023; 5:100724. [PMID: 37234276 PMCID: PMC10206499 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2023.100724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) contributes to the global epidemic of metabolic syndrome and is considered a prelude to end-stage liver diseases such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. During NAFLD pathogenesis, hepatic parenchymal cells (hepatocytes) undergo both morphological and functional changes owing to a rewired transcriptome. The underlying mechanism is not entirely clear. In the present study, we investigated the involvement of early growth response 1 (Egr1) in NAFLD. Methods Quantitative PCR, Western blotting, and histochemical staining were used to assess gene expression levels. Chromatin immunoprecipitation was used to evaluate protein binding to DNA. NAFLD was evaluated in leptin receptor-deficient (db/db) mice. Results We report here that Egr1 was upregulated by pro-NAFLD stimuli in vitro and in vivo. Further analysis revealed that serum response factor (SRF) was recruited to the Egr1 promoter and mediated Egr1 transactivation. Importantly, Egr1 depletion markedly mitigated NAFLD in db/db mice. RNA sequencing revealed that Egr1 knockdown in hepatocytes, on the one hand, boosted fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and, on the other hand, suppressed the synthesis of chemoattractants. Mechanistically, Egr1 interacted with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) to repress PPARα-dependent transcription of FAO genes by recruiting its co-repressor NGFI-A binding protein 1 (Nab1), which potentially led to promoter deacetylation of FAO genes. Conclusions Our data identify Egr1 as a novel modulator of NAFLD and a potential target for NAFLD intervention. Impact and Implications Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) precedes cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. In this paper, we describe a novel mechanism whereby early growth response 1 (Egr1), a transcription factor, contributes to NAFLD pathogenesis by regulating fatty acid oxidation. Our data provide novel insights and translational potential for NAFLD intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Guo
- Institute of Biomedical Research and College of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Xiulian Miao
- Institute of Biomedical Research and College of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Xinyue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Luyang Li
- Department of Oral Medicine, Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Anqi Zhou
- Institute of Biomedical Research and College of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Xi Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Institute of Biomedical Research and College of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qinghua Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
| | - Zilong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiwen Fan
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Lee YS, Seki E. In Vivo and In Vitro Models to Study Liver Fibrosis: Mechanisms and Limitations. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 16:355-367. [PMID: 37270060 PMCID: PMC10444957 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a common result of liver injury owing to various kinds of chronic liver diseases. A deeper understanding of the pathophysiology of liver fibrosis and identifying potential therapeutic targets of liver fibrosis is important because liver fibrosis may progress to advanced liver diseases, such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite numerous studies, the underlying mechanisms of liver fibrosis remain unclear. Mechanisms of the development and progression of liver fibrosis differ according to etiologies. Therefore, appropriate liver fibrosis models should be selected according to the purpose of the study and the type of underlying disease. Many in vivo animal and in vitro models have been developed to study liver fibrosis. However, there are no perfect preclinical models for liver fibrosis. In this review, we summarize the current in vivo and in vitro models for studying liver fibrosis and highlight emerging in vitro models, including organoids and liver-on-a-chip models. In addition, we discuss the mechanisms and limitations of each model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Sun Lee
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ekihiro Seki
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
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Liu J, Sun J, Yu J, Chen H, Zhang D, Zhang T, Ma Y, Zou C, Zhang Z, Ma L, Yu X. Gut microbiome determines therapeutic effects of OCA on NAFLD by modulating bile acid metabolism. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2023; 9:29. [PMID: 37258543 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-023-00399-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common chronic liver disease, had no approved pharmacological agents yet. Obeticholic acid (OCA), a novel bile acid derivative, was demonstrated to ameliorate NAFLD-related manifestations. Regarding the role of gut-liver axis in liver disease development, this study aimed to explore the potential role of gut microbiota in the treatment of OCA in NAFLD mice induced by the high-fat diet (HFD). Antibiotic-induced microbiome depletion (AIMD) and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) confirmed the critical role of gut microbiota in OCA treatment for NAFLD by effectively alleviating histopathological lesions and restoring liver function impaired by HFD. Metagenomic analysis indicated that OCA intervention in HFD mice remarkably increased the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila, Bifidobacterium spp., Bacteroides spp., Alistipes spp., Lactobacillus spp., Streptococcus thermophilus, and Parasutterella excrementihominis. Targeted metabolomics analysis indicated that OCA could modulate host bile acids pool by reducing levels of serum hydrophobic cholic acid (CA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), and increasing levels of serum-conjugated bile acids, such as taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA) and tauroursodesoxycholic acid (TUDCA) in the HFD-fed mice. Strong correlations were observed between differentially abundant microbes and the shifted bile acids. Furthermore, bacteria enriched by OCA intervention exhibited much greater potential in encoding 7alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (7α-HSDs) producing secondary bile acids rather than bile salt hydrolases (BSHs) mainly responsible for primary bile acid deconjugation. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that OCA intervention altered gut microbiota composition with specially enriched gut microbes modulating host bile acids, thus effectively alleviating NAFLD in the mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Jiayi Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jiangkun Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, China.
| | - Hang Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Yunnan Institute of Digestive Disease, Yunnan Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Yunnan Institute of Digestive Disease, Yunnan Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, China
| | - Yicheng Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, China
| | - Chenggang Zou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, China.
| | - Lanqing Ma
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Yunnan Institute of Digestive Disease, Yunnan Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China.
| | - Xue Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Ye X, Chen Y, Qi J, Zhu S, Wu Y, Xiong J, Hu F, Guo Z, Liang X. Design and pharmaceutical evaluation of bifunctional fusion protein of FGF21 and GLP-1 in the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Eur J Pharmacol 2023:175811. [PMID: 37245859 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) may be useful for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, obesity, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Previous studies have shown that GLP-1 may synergize with FGF21 in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Currently, no approved drug therapy is available for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Here, we constructed and screened dual-targeting fusion proteins of GLP-1 and FGF21, connected by elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs), to investigate whether a combination of these two hormones would have therapeutic effects in models of NASH. The temperature phase transition and release of the hormones under physiological conditions were studied to identify a bifunctional fusion protein of FGF21 and GLP-1 (GEF) that was highly stable and showed sustained release. We further evaluated the quality and therapeutic efficacy of GEF in three mouse models of NASH. We successfully synthesized a novel recombinant bifunctional fusion protein with high stability and low immunogenicity. The GEF protein synthesized ameliorated hepatic lipid accumulation, hepatocyte damage, and inflammation; prevented the progression of NASH in the three models; reduced glycemia; and caused weight loss. This novel GEF molecule may be suitable for clinical use for the treatment of NAFLD/NASH and related metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianlong Ye
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, 330000, China.
| | - Yingli Chen
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Jianying Qi
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Shenglong Zhu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Jingjing Xiong
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Fei Hu
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Zhimou Guo
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, 330000, China; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Xinmiao Liang
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang, 330000, China; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Zhongshan Road 457, Dalian, 116023, China.
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