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Li D, Li X, Zhang X, Chen J, Wang Z, Yu Z, Wu M, Liu L. Geniposide for treating atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a systematic review on its biological characteristics, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and toxicology. Chin Med 2024; 19:111. [PMID: 39164773 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00981-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the prevalence and fatality rates of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease have not only shown a consistent rise that cannot be ignored, but have also become a pressing social health problem that requires urgent attention. While interventional surgery and drug therapy offer significant therapeutic results, they often come with common side effects. Geniposide, an active component extracted from the Chinese medicine Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, shows promise in the management of cardiac conditions. This review comprehensively outlines the underlying pharmacological mechanisms by which geniposide exerts its effects on atherosclerosis. Geniposide exhibits a range of beneficial effects including alleviating inflammation, inhibiting the development of macrophage foam cells, improving lipid metabolism, and preventing platelet aggregation and thrombosis. It also demonstrates mitochondrial preservation, anti-apoptotic effects, and modulation of autophagy. Moreover, geniposide shows potential in improving oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress by maintaining the body's antioxidant and oxidative balance. Additionally, this review comprehensively details the biological properties of geniposide, including methods of extraction and purification, as well as its pharmacokinetics and toxicological characteristics. It further discusses the clinical applications of related biopharmaceuticals, emphasizing the potential of geniposide in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore, it highlights the limitations of current research, aiming to provide insights for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexiu Li
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoya Li
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
| | - Jiye Chen
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
| | - Zeping Wang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
| | - Zongliang Yu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Min Wu
- Guang'an Men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Longtao Liu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China.
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Larionov A, Hammer CM, Fiedler K, Filgueira L. Dynamics of Endothelial Cell Diversity and Plasticity in Health and Disease. Cells 2024; 13:1276. [PMID: 39120307 PMCID: PMC11312403 DOI: 10.3390/cells13151276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) are vital structural units of the cardiovascular system possessing two principal distinctive properties: heterogeneity and plasticity. Endothelial heterogeneity is defined by differences in tissue-specific endothelial phenotypes and their high predisposition to modification along the length of the vascular bed. This aspect of heterogeneity is closely associated with plasticity, the ability of ECs to adapt to environmental cues through the mobilization of genetic, molecular, and structural alterations. The specific endothelial cytoarchitectonics facilitate a quick structural cell reorganization and, furthermore, easy adaptation to the extrinsic and intrinsic environmental stimuli, known as the epigenetic landscape. ECs, as universally distributed and ubiquitous cells of the human body, play a role that extends far beyond their structural function in the cardiovascular system. They play a crucial role in terms of barrier function, cell-to-cell communication, and a myriad of physiological and pathologic processes. These include development, ontogenesis, disease initiation, and progression, as well as growth, regeneration, and repair. Despite substantial progress in the understanding of endothelial cell biology, the role of ECs in healthy conditions and pathologies remains a fascinating area of exploration. This review aims to summarize knowledge and concepts in endothelial biology. It focuses on the development and functional characteristics of endothelial cells in health and pathological conditions, with a particular emphasis on endothelial phenotypic and functional heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Larionov
- Faculty of Science and Medicine, Anatomy, University of Fribourg, Route Albert-Gockel 1, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (C.M.H.); (L.F.)
| | - Christian Manfred Hammer
- Faculty of Science and Medicine, Anatomy, University of Fribourg, Route Albert-Gockel 1, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (C.M.H.); (L.F.)
| | - Klaus Fiedler
- Independent Researcher, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland;
| | - Luis Filgueira
- Faculty of Science and Medicine, Anatomy, University of Fribourg, Route Albert-Gockel 1, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (C.M.H.); (L.F.)
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Zavadskis S, Shiganyan A, Müllebner A, Oesterreicher J, Holnthoner W, Duvigneau JC, Kozlov AV. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Induces Vasodilation in Liver Vessels That Is Not Mediated by Unfolded Protein Response. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3865. [PMID: 38612675 PMCID: PMC11012071 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a growing body of evidence that ER stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) play a key role in numerous diseases. Impaired liver perfusion and ER stress often accompany each other in liver diseases. However, the exact impact of ER stress and UPR on the hepatic perfusion is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to disclose the effect of ER stress and UPR on the size of liver vessels and on the levels of Ca2+ and nitric oxide (NO), critical regulators of vascular tonus. This study was carried out in precisely cut liver tissue slices. Confocal microscopy was used to create 3D images of vessels. NO levels were determined either using either laser scan microscopy (LSM) in cells or by NO-analyser in medium. Ca2+ levels were analysed by LSM. We show that tunicamycin, an inducer of ER stress, acts similarly with vasodilator acetylcholine. Both exert a similar effect on the NO and Ca2+ levels; both induce significant vasodilation. Notably, this vasodilative effect persisted despite individual inhibition of UPR pathways-ATF-6, PERK, and IRE1-despite confirming the activation of UPR. Experiments with HUVEC cells showed that elevated NO levels did not result from endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) activation. Our study suggests that tunicamycin-mediated ER stress induces liver vessel vasodilation in an NO-dependent manner, which is mediated by intracellular nitrodilator-activatable NO store (NANOS) in smooth muscle cells rather than by eNOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergejs Zavadskis
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria; (S.Z.)
| | - Anna Shiganyan
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria; (S.Z.)
| | - Andrea Müllebner
- Department of Biological Sciences and Pathobiology, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Oesterreicher
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria; (S.Z.)
| | - Wolfgang Holnthoner
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria; (S.Z.)
| | - Johanna Catharina Duvigneau
- Department of Biological Sciences and Pathobiology, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrey V. Kozlov
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria; (S.Z.)
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Jiang Y, Dong B, Jiao X, Shan J, Fang C, Zhang K, Li D, Xu C, Zhang Z. Nano‑selenium alleviates the pyroptosis of cardiovascular endothelial cells in chicken induced by decabromodiphenyl ether through ERS-TXNIP-NLRP3 pathway. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 915:170129. [PMID: 38242456 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) is one of the most widely used flame retardants that can infect domestic and wildlife through contaminated feed. Nano‑selenium (Nano-Se) has the advantage of enhancing the anti-oxidation of cells. Nonetheless, it remains uncertain whether Nano-Se can alleviate vascular Endothelial cells damage caused by BDE-209 exposure in chickens. Therefore, we established a model with 60 1-day-old chickens, and administered BDE-209 intragastric at a ratio of 400 mg/kg bw/d, and mixed Nano-Se intervention at a ratio of 1 mg/kg in the feed. The results showed that BDE-209 could induce histopathological and ultrastructural changes. Additionally, exposure to BDE-209 led to cardiovascular endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), oxidative stress and thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP)-pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) pathway activation, ultimately resulting in pyroptosis. Using the ERS inhibitor 4-PBA in Chicken arterial endothelial cells (PAECs) can significantly reverse these changes. The addition of Nano-Se can enhance the body's antioxidant capacity, inhibit the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, and reduce cellular pyroptosis. These results suggest that Nano-Se can alleviate the pyroptosis of cardiovascular endothelial cells induced by BDE-209 through ERS-TXNIP-NLRP3 pathway. This study provides new insights into the toxicity of BDE-209 in the cardiovascular system and the therapeutic effects of Nano-Se.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Bowen Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xing Jiao
- China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, PR China
| | - Jianhua Shan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Cheng Fang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Kaixuan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Di Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Chenchen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, PR China.
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Sheikh AM, Yano S, Tabassum S, Nagai A. The Role of the Vascular System in Degenerative Diseases: Mechanisms and Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2169. [PMID: 38396849 PMCID: PMC10889477 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Degenerative diseases, encompassing a wide range of conditions affecting various organ systems, pose significant challenges to global healthcare systems. This comprehensive review explores the intricate interplay between the vascular system and degenerative diseases, shedding light on the underlying mechanisms and profound implications for disease progression and management. The pivotal role of the vascular system in maintaining tissue homeostasis is highlighted, as it serves as the conduit for oxygen, nutrients, and immune cells to vital organs and tissues. Due to the vital role of the vascular system in maintaining homeostasis, its dysfunction, characterized by impaired blood flow, endothelial dysfunction, and vascular inflammation, emerges as a common denominator of degenerative diseases across multiple systems. In the nervous system, we explored the influence of vascular factors on neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, emphasizing the critical role of cerebral blood flow regulation and the blood-brain barrier. Within the kidney system, the intricate relationship between vascular health and chronic kidney disease is scrutinized, unraveling the mechanisms by which hypertension and other vascular factors contribute to renal dysfunction. Throughout this review, we emphasize the clinical significance of understanding vascular involvement in degenerative diseases and potential therapeutic interventions targeting vascular health, highlighting emerging treatments and prevention strategies. In conclusion, a profound appreciation of the role of the vascular system in degenerative diseases is essential for advancing our understanding of degenerative disease pathogenesis and developing innovative approaches for prevention and treatment. This review provides a comprehensive foundation for researchers, clinicians, and policymakers seeking to address the intricate relationship between vascular health and degenerative diseases in pursuit of improved patient outcomes and enhanced public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Md. Sheikh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya Cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan; (S.Y.); (S.T.); (A.N.)
| | - Shozo Yano
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya Cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan; (S.Y.); (S.T.); (A.N.)
| | - Shatera Tabassum
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya Cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan; (S.Y.); (S.T.); (A.N.)
| | - Atsushi Nagai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya Cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan; (S.Y.); (S.T.); (A.N.)
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya Cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan
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Campeau MA, Leask RL. Empagliflozin reduces endoplasmic reticulum stress associated TXNIP/NLRP3 activation in tunicamycin-stimulated aortic endothelial cells. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:267-279. [PMID: 37421429 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02607-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have proven to be of therapeutic significance for cardiovascular diseases beyond the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Recent studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of SGLT2i on endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction, but the underlying cellular mechanisms remain to be clarified. In this study, we sought to understand the effect of empagliflozin (EMPA; Jardiance®) on cell homeostasis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling. ER stress was induced by tunicamycin (Tm) in human abdominal aortic ECs treated with EMPA over 24 h. Tm-induced ER stress caused increases in the protein expression of thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP), NLR-family pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), and in the ratio of phospho-eIF2α/eIF2α. EMPA (50-100 µM) resulted in a dampened downstream activation of ER stress as seen by the reduced expression of CHOP and TXNIP/NLRP3 in a dose-dependent manner. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (nrf2) translocation was also attenuated in EMPA-treated ECs. These results suggest that EMPA improves redox signaling under ER stress which in turn attenuates the activation of TXNIP/NLRP3.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard L Leask
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Redouane-Salah A, Souad A, Kerkatou W, Wojnicki K, Ramos AM, Ortiz A, Kaminska B, Menad A. Renoprotective effect of Limonium duriusculum (de Girard) Kuntze via modulation of oxidative stress/ UPR markers and inflammation during cyclosporine-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2024; 27:1023-1032. [PMID: 38911250 PMCID: PMC11193500 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2024.77052.16661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Objectives The present study aimed to explore the mechanisms underlying the potency of the renoprotective effect of the EtOAc fraction of Limonium duriusculum (EALD) (Plumbaginaceae) against cyclosporine A (CsA), in comparison to vitamin E (Vit. E). Materials and Methods In the in-vivo experiment, a model of CsA-induced nephrotoxicity was established by dosing male Wistar rats with 25 mg/kg, for 14 days. The protective effect of EALD was investigated through pretreatment of rats with a dose of 200 mg/kg for 14 days, compared to the oral administration of Vit. E at 100 mg/kg. Renal function and markers of oxidative stress were then assessed. Furthermore, a complementary in-vitro study was carried out to evaluate CsA-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and inflammation on cell culture (3T3 cells and MCT cells) using western blot and quantitative RT-PCR.. Results Pretreatment of rats with EALD significantly attenuated the elevated levels of renal dysfunction markers (BUN, creatinine) and suppressed malondialdehyde (MDA) levels; It also significantly regulated the changes in superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxydase (GPx), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) levels as compared to Vit. E, demonstrating a more effective recovery in renal tissues. Treatment of cells with CsA was linked to the expression of ERS and inflammatory markers activating transcription factor (ATF4), inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α), binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP1). In contrast, pretreatment of cells with EALD resulted in a significant decrease in both ERS and inflammatory markers. Conclusion These findings indicate the renoprotective potential of L. duriusculum, as it demonstrated the ability to ameliorate CsA-induced renal dysfunction through its distinctive antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azzedine Redouane-Salah
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Frères Mentouri Constantine 1, Route Aïn El Bey, 25000, Constantine, Algérie
| | - Ameddah Souad
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Frères Mentouri Constantine 1, Route Aïn El Bey, 25000, Constantine, Algérie
| | - Wafa Kerkatou
- Unité de Recherche, Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Molécules Bioactives et Analyses Physicochimiques et Biologiques (VARENBIOMOL), Université Frères Mentouri, Constantine 1, Route Aïn El Bey, 25 000 Constantine, Algérie
| | - Kamil Wojnicki
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adrian M. Ramos
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bozena Kaminska
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ahmed Menad
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Frères Mentouri Constantine 1, Route Aïn El Bey, 25000, Constantine, Algérie
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Le HH, Hagen MW, Louey S, Tavori H, Thornburg KL, Giraud GD, Hinds MT, Barnes AP. Development of a novel Guinea Pig model producing transgenerational endothelial transcriptional changes driven by maternal food restriction and a second metabolic insult of high fat diet. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1266444. [PMID: 37942229 PMCID: PMC10628814 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1266444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Developmental programming of chronic adverse cardiovascular health outcomes has been studied both using numerous human populations and an array of animal models. However, the mechanisms that produce transgenerational effects have been difficult to study due to a lack of developmentally relevant models. As such, how increased disease risk is carried to the second generation has been poorly studied. We hypothesized that the endothelium which mediates many acute and chronic vascular inflammatory responses is a key player in these effects, and epidemiological studies implicate transgenerational nutritional effects on endothelial health. To study the mutigenerational effects of maternal undernutrition on offspring endothelial health, we developed a model of transgenerational nutritional stress in guinea pigs, a translationally relevant precocial species with a relatively short lifespan. First- and second-generation offspring were subjected to a high fat diet in adolescence to exacerbate negative cardiovascular health. To assess transcriptional changes, we performed bulk RNA-sequencing in carotid artery endothelial cells, with groups stratified as prenatal control or food restricted, and postnatal control or high fat diet. We detected statistically significant gene alterations for each dietary permutation, some of which were unique to treatments and other transcriptional signatures shared by multiple or all conditions. These findings highlight a core group of genes altered by high fat diet that is shared by all cohorts and a divergence of transgenerational effects between the prenatal ad libitum and dietary restriction groups. This study establishes the groundwork for this model to be used to better understand the interplay of prenatal stress and genetic reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillary H. Le
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Matthew W. Hagen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Samantha Louey
- Center for Developmental Health, Portland, OR, United States
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Hagai Tavori
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Kent L. Thornburg
- Center for Developmental Health, Portland, OR, United States
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Portland, OR, United States
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - George D. Giraud
- Center for Developmental Health, Portland, OR, United States
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Portland, OR, United States
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Monica T. Hinds
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Center for Developmental Health, Portland, OR, United States
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Hasan M, Al-Thani H, El-Menyar A, Zeidan A, Al-Thani A, Yalcin HC. Disturbed hemodynamics and oxidative stress interaction in endothelial dysfunction and AAA progression: Focus on Nrf2 pathway. Int J Cardiol 2023; 389:131238. [PMID: 37536420 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.131238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Hemodynamic shear stress is one of the major factors that are involved in the pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), through its modulatory effect on the endothelial cell's redox homeostasis and mechanosensitive gene expression. Among important mechanisms, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress activation, and the subsequent endothelial dysfunction are attributed to disturbed blood flow and low shear stress in the vascular curvature and bifurcations which are considered atheroprone regions and aneurysm occurrence spots. Many pathways were shown to be involved in AAA progression. Of particular interest from recent findings is, the (Nrf2)/Keap-1 pathway, where Nrf2 is a transcription factor that has antioxidant properties and is strongly associated with several CVDs, yet, the exact mechanism by which Nrf2 alleviates CVDs still to be elucidated. Nrf2 expression is closely affected by shear stress and was shown to participate in AAA. In the current review paper, we discussed the link between disturbed hemodynamics and its effect on Nrf2 as a mechanosensitive gene and its role in the development of endothelial dysfunction which is linked to the progression of AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maram Hasan
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hassan Al-Thani
- Department of Surgery, Trauma and Vascular Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ayman El-Menyar
- Department of Surgery, Trauma and Vascular Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar; Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar
| | - Asad Zeidan
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, QU health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Asmaa Al-Thani
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Huseyin C Yalcin
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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10
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Zhou Y, Chen Y, Li J, Fu Z, Chen Q, Zhang W, Luo H, Xie M. The development of endoplasmic reticulum-related gene signatures and the immune infiltration analysis of sepsis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1183769. [PMID: 37346041 PMCID: PMC10280294 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1183769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis is a complex condition involving multiorgan failure, resulting from the hosts' deleterious systemic immune response to infection. It is characterized by high mortality, with limited effective detection and treatment options. Dysregulated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is directly involved in the pathophysiology of immune-mediated diseases. Methods Clinical samples were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus datasets (i.e., GSE65682, GSE54514, and GSE95233) to perform the differential analysis in this study. A weighted gene co-expression network analysis algorithm combining multiple machine learning algorithms was used to identify the diagnostic biomarkers for sepsis. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment, and the single-sample gene set enrichment analysis algorithm were used to analyze immune infiltration characteristics in sepsis. PCR analysis and western blotting were used to demonstrate the potential role of TXN in sepsis. Results Four ERRGs, namely SET, LPIN1, TXN, and CD74, have been identified as characteristic diagnostic biomarkers for sepsis. Immune infiltration has been repeatedly proved to play a vital role both in sepsis and ER. Subsequently, the immune infiltration characteristics result indicated that the development of sepsis is mediated by immune-related function, as four diagnostic biomarkers were strongly associated with the immune infiltration landscape of sepsis. The biological experiments in vitro and vivo demonstrate TXN is emerging as crucial player in maintaining ER homeostasis in sepsis. Conclusion Our research identified novel potential biomarkers for sepsis diagnosis, which point toward a potential strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, First People’s Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yifang Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, First People’s Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianbo Li
- Department of Pharmacy, First People’s Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zailin Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, First People’s Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, First People’s Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, First People’s Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huan Luo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Minghua Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, First People’s Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Masenga SK, Kabwe LS, Chakulya M, Kirabo A. Mechanisms of Oxidative Stress in Metabolic Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:7898. [PMID: 37175603 PMCID: PMC10178199 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions associated with the risk of diabetes mellitus type 2 and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Metabolic syndrome is closely related to obesity. Increased adiposity promotes inflammation and oxidative stress, which are precursors of various complications involving metabolic syndrome components, namely insulin resistance, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. An increasing number of studies confirm the importance of oxidative stress and chronic inflammation in the etiology of metabolic syndrome. However, few studies have reviewed the mechanisms underlying the role of oxidative stress in contributing to metabolic syndrome. In this review, we highlight mechanisms by which reactive oxygen species (ROS) increase mitochondrial dysfunction, protein damage, lipid peroxidation, and impair antioxidant function in metabolic syndrome. Biomarkers of oxidative stress can be used in disease diagnosis and evaluation of severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepiso K. Masenga
- HAND Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mulungushi University, Livingstone Campus, Livingstone P.O. Box 60009, Zambia
- Department of Medicine, Room 536 Robinson Research Building, Vanderbilt University Medical Centre, Nashville, TN 37232-6602, USA
| | - Lombe S. Kabwe
- HAND Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mulungushi University, Livingstone Campus, Livingstone P.O. Box 60009, Zambia
| | - Martin Chakulya
- HAND Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mulungushi University, Livingstone Campus, Livingstone P.O. Box 60009, Zambia
| | - Annet Kirabo
- Department of Medicine, Room 536 Robinson Research Building, Vanderbilt University Medical Centre, Nashville, TN 37232-6602, USA
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12
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Toyama T, Kudryashova TV, Ichihara A, Lenna S, Looney A, Shen Y, Jiang L, Teos L, Avolio T, Lin D, Kaplan U, Marden G, Dambal V, Goncharov D, Delisser H, Lafyatis R, Seta F, Goncharova EA, Trojanowska M. GATA6 coordinates cross-talk between BMP10 and oxidative stress axis in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6593. [PMID: 37087509 PMCID: PMC10122657 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33779-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a life-threatening condition characterized by a progressive increase in pulmonary vascular resistance leading to right ventricular failure and often death. Here we report that deficiency of transcription factor GATA6 is a shared pathological feature of PA endothelial (PAEC) and smooth muscle cells (PASMC) in human PAH and experimental PH, which is responsible for maintenance of hyper-proliferative cellular phenotypes, pulmonary vascular remodeling and pulmonary hypertension. We further show that GATA6 acts as a transcription factor and direct positive regulator of anti-oxidant enzymes, and its deficiency in PAH/PH pulmonary vascular cells induces oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. We demonstrate that GATA6 is regulated by the BMP10/BMP receptors axis and its loss in PAECs and PASMC in PAH supports BMPR deficiency. In addition, we have established that GATA6-deficient PAEC, acting in a paracrine manner, increase proliferation and induce other pathological changes in PASMC, supporting the importance of GATA6 in pulmonary vascular cell communication. Treatment with dimethyl fumarate resolved oxidative stress and BMPR deficiency, reversed hemodynamic changes caused by endothelial Gata6 loss in mice, and inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in human PAH PASMC, strongly suggesting that targeting GATA6 deficiency may provide a therapeutic advance for patients with PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuo Toyama
- Arthritis and Autoimmune Diseases Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 75 E. Newton St. Evans Building, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Tatiana V Kudryashova
- Pittsburgh Lung, Blood and Heart Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Davis School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Asako Ichihara
- Arthritis and Autoimmune Diseases Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 75 E. Newton St. Evans Building, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Stefania Lenna
- Arthritis and Autoimmune Diseases Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 75 E. Newton St. Evans Building, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Agnieszka Looney
- Arthritis and Autoimmune Diseases Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 75 E. Newton St. Evans Building, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Yuanjun Shen
- Pittsburgh Lung, Blood and Heart Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Davis School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Lifeng Jiang
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Davis School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Leyla Teos
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Davis School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Theodore Avolio
- Pittsburgh Lung, Blood and Heart Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Derek Lin
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Davis School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Ulas Kaplan
- Arthritis and Autoimmune Diseases Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 75 E. Newton St. Evans Building, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Grace Marden
- Arthritis and Autoimmune Diseases Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 75 E. Newton St. Evans Building, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Vrinda Dambal
- Arthritis and Autoimmune Diseases Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 75 E. Newton St. Evans Building, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Dmitry Goncharov
- Pittsburgh Lung, Blood and Heart Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Davis School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Horace Delisser
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Robert Lafyatis
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Francesca Seta
- Arthritis and Autoimmune Diseases Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 75 E. Newton St. Evans Building, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Elena A Goncharova
- Pittsburgh Lung, Blood and Heart Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Davis School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
- The Genome and Biomedical Science Facility (GBSF), Rm 6523, 451 Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Maria Trojanowska
- Arthritis and Autoimmune Diseases Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 75 E. Newton St. Evans Building, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
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13
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Zarate SM, Huntington TE, Bagher P, Srinivasan R. Aging reduces calreticulin expression and alters spontaneous calcium signals in astrocytic endfeet of the mouse dorsolateral striatum. NPJ AGING 2023; 9:5. [PMID: 37002232 PMCID: PMC10066375 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-023-00102-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Aging-related impairment of the blood brain barrier (BBB) and neurovascular unit (NVU) increases the risk for neurodegeneration. Among various cells that participate in BBB and NVU function, calcium signals in astrocytic endfeet are crucial for maintaining BBB and NVU integrity. To assess if aging is associated with altered calcium signals within astrocytic endfeet of the dorsolateral striatum (DLS), we expressed GCaMP6f in DLS astrocytes of young (3-4 months), middle-aged (12-15 months) and aging (20-30 months) mice. Compared to endfeet in young mice, DLS endfeet in aging mice demonstrated decreased calreticulin expression, and alterations to both spontaneous membrane-associated and mitochondrial calcium signals. While young mice required both extracellular and endoplasmic reticulum calcium sources for endfoot signals, middle-aged and aging mice showed heavy dependence on endoplasmic reticulum calcium. Thus, astrocytic endfeet show significant changes in calcium buffering and sources throughout the lifespan, which is important for understanding mechanisms by which aging impairs the BBB and NVU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Zarate
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M University School of Medicine, 8447 Riverside Pkwy, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA
| | - Taylor E Huntington
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M University School of Medicine, 8447 Riverside Pkwy, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA
- Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience (TAMIN), Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Pooneh Bagher
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Rahul Srinivasan
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M University School of Medicine, 8447 Riverside Pkwy, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA.
- Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience (TAMIN), Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
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14
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Zhong YX, Zhou CC, Zheng YF, Dai HK, Chen RY, Wang YR, Zhan CY, Luo JL, Xie AN. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-induced Endothelial Dysfunction Promotes Neointima Formation after Arteriovenous Grafts in Mice on High-fat Diet. Curr Med Sci 2023; 43:115-122. [PMID: 36640244 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-022-2663-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Endothelial dysfunction is one candidate for triggering neointima formation after arteriovenous grafts (AVGs), but the factors mediating this process are unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-induced endothelial dysfunction in neointima formation following AVGs in high-fat diet (HFD) mice. METHODS CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein-homologous protein (CHOP) knockout (KO) mice were created. Mice were fed with HFD to produce HFD model. AVGs model were applied in the groups of WT ND, WT HFD, and CHOP KO HFD. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured with oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) (40 mg/L) for the indicated time lengths (0, 6, 12, 24 h). ERS inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) was used to block ERS. Immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the changes of ICAM1. Changes of ERS were detected by real-time RT-PCR. Protein expression levels and ERS activation were detected by Western blotting. Endothellial cell function was determined by endothelial permeability assay and transendothelial migration assay. RESULTS HFD increased neointima formation in AVGs associated with endothelial dysfunction. At the same time, ERS was increased in endothelial cells (ECs) after AVGs in mice consuming the HFD. In vitro, ox-LDL was found to stimulate ERS, increase the permeability of the EC monolayer, and cause endothelial dysfunction. Blocking ERS with TUDCA or CHOP siRNA reversed the EC dysfunction caused by ox-LDL. In vivo, knockout of CHOP (CHOP KO) protected the function of ECs and decreased neointima formation after AVGs in HFD mice. CONCLUSION Inhibiting ERS in ECs could improve the function of AVGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Xia Zhong
- Emergency and Intensive Care Unit, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Chen-Chen Zhou
- Emergency and Intensive Care Unit, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ying-Fang Zheng
- Emergency and Intensive Care Unit, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hong-Kai Dai
- Emergency and Intensive Care Unit, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ren-Yu Chen
- Emergency and Intensive Care Unit, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yu-Rou Wang
- Emergency and Intensive Care Unit, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Cheng-Ye Zhan
- Emergency and Intensive Care Unit, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jin-Long Luo
- Emergency and Intensive Care Unit, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ai-Ni Xie
- Divison of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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15
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Sankrityayan H, Rao PD, Shelke V, Kulkarni YA, Mulay SR, Gaikwad AB. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Renin-Angiotensin System Crosstalk in Endothelial Dysfunction. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2023; 16:139-146. [PMID: 35232343 DOI: 10.2174/1874467215666220301113833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular endothelial dysfunction (VED) significantly results in catastrophic cardiovascular diseases with multiple aetiologies. Variations in vasoactive peptides, including angiotensin II and endothelin 1, and metabolic perturbations like hyperglycaemia, altered insulin signalling, and homocysteine levels result in pathogenic signalling cascades, which ultimately lead to VED. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress reduces nitric oxide availability, causes aberrant angiogenesis, and enhances oxidative stress pathways, consequently promoting endothelial dysfunction. Moreover, the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has widely been acknowledged to impact angiogenesis, endothelial repair and inflammation. Interestingly, experimental studies at the preclinical level indicate a possible pathological link between the two pathways in the development of VED. Furthermore, pharmacological modulation of ER stress ameliorates angiotensin-II mediated VED as well as RAS intervention either through inhibition of the pressor arm or enhancement of the depressor arm of RAS, mitigating ER stress-induced endothelial dysfunction and thus emphasizing a vital crosstalk. CONCLUSION Deciphering the pathway overlap between RAS and ER stress may open potential therapeutic avenues to combat endothelial dysfunction and associated diseases. Several studies suggest that alteration in a component of RAS may induce ER stress or induction of ER stress may modulate the RAS components. In this review, we intend to elaborate on the crosstalk of ER stress and RAS in the pathophysiology of VED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Sankrityayan
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan-333031, India
| | - Pooja Dhileepkumar Rao
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan-333031, India
| | - Vishwadeep Shelke
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan-333031, India
| | - Yogesh A Kulkarni
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Shrikant R Mulay
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Anil Bhanudas Gaikwad
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan-333031, India
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16
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Ei ZZ, Hutamekalin P, Prommeenate P, Singh A, Benjakul S, Visuttijai K, Chanvorachote P. Chitooligosaccharide prevents vascular endothelial cell apoptosis by attenuation of endoplasmic reticulum stress via suppression of oxidative stress through Nrf2-SOD1 up-regulation. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:2155-2166. [PMID: 36300849 PMCID: PMC9621211 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2133150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress contributes to endothelium pathological conditions. Chitooligosaccharides (COS) have health benefits, but their effect on endothelial cells is unknown. We demonstrate for the first time a protective effect of COS against ER-induced endothelial cell damage. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the protective effect of COS on ER stress-induced apoptosis in endothelial cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS Endothelial (EA.hy926) cells were pre-treated with COS (250 or 500 μg/mL) for 24 h, and then treated with 0.16 μg/mL of Tg for 24 h and compared to the untreated control. Apoptosis and necrosis were detected by Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide co-staining. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured with the DCFH2-DA and DHE probes. The protective pathway and ER stress markers were evaluated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and immunofluorescence analyses. RESULTS COS attenuated ER stress-induced cell death. The viability of EA.hy926 cells treated with Tg alone was 44.97 ± 1% but the COS pre-treatment increased cells viability to 74.74 ± 3.95% in the 250 μg/mL COS and 75.34 ± 2.4% in the 500 μg/mL COS treatments. Tg induced ER stress and ROS, which were associated with ER stress-mediated death. Interestingly, COS reduced ROS by upregulating nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and the oxidative enzymes, superoxide dismutase1 (SOD1) and catalase. COS also suppressed up-regulation of the ER-related apoptosis protein, CHOP induced by Tg. CONCLUSIONS COS protected against ER stress-induced apoptosis in endothelial cells by suppressing ROS and up-regulation Nrf2 and SOD1. These findings support the use of COS to protect endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zin Zin Ei
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pilaiwanwadee Hutamekalin
- Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Peerada Prommeenate
- Biochemical Engineering and Systems Biology Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency at King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Avtar Singh
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation (ICE-SSI), Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Soottawat Benjakul
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation (ICE-SSI), Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Kittichate Visuttijai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pithi Chanvorachote
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Vivas W, Weis S. Tidy up - The unfolded protein response in sepsis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:980680. [PMID: 36341413 PMCID: PMC9632622 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.980680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogens, their toxic byproducts, and the subsequent immune reaction exert different forms of stress and damage to the tissue of the infected host. This stress can trigger specific transcriptional and post-transcriptional programs that have evolved to limit the pathogenesis of infectious diseases by conferring tissue damage control. If these programs fail, infectious diseases can take a severe course including organ dysfunction and damage, a phenomenon that is known as sepsis and which is associated with high mortality. One of the key adaptive mechanisms to counter infection-associated stress is the unfolded protein response (UPR), aiming to reduce endoplasmic reticulum stress and restore protein homeostasis. This is mediated via a set of diverse and complementary mechanisms, i.e. the reduction of protein translation, increase of protein folding capacity, and increase of polyubiquitination of misfolded proteins and subsequent proteasomal degradation. However, UPR is not exclusively beneficial since its enhanced or prolonged activation might lead to detrimental effects such as cell death. Thus, fine-tuning and time-restricted regulation of the UPR should diminish disease severity of infectious disease and improve the outcome of sepsis while not bearing long-term consequences. In this review, we describe the current knowledge of the UPR, its role in infectious diseases, regulation mechanisms, and further clinical implications in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Vivas
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany
- *Correspondence: Wolfgang Vivas,
| | - Sebastian Weis
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany
- Institute for Infectious Disease and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
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18
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Bone Marrow Culture-Derived Conditioned Medium Recovers Endothelial Function of Vascular Grafts following In Vitro Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Diabetic Rats. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:7019088. [PMID: 36277042 PMCID: PMC9586819 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7019088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) remains a challenge in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Diabetic patients with coronary artery disease are more likely to require CABG and therefore run a high risk for cardiovascular complications. Conditioned medium (CM) from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells has been shown to have beneficial effects against IRI. We hypothesized that adding CM to physiological saline protects vascular grafts from IRI in diabetic rats. Bone-marrow derived cells were isolated from nondiabetic rat femurs/tibias, and CM was generated. As we previously reported, CM contains 23 factors involved in inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. DM was induced by streptozotocin administration. Eight weeks later, to measure vascular function, aortic rings were isolated and mounted in organ bath chambers (DM group) or stored in 4°C saline, supplemented either with a vehicle (DM-IR group) or CM (DM-IR+CM group). Although DM was associated with structural changes compared to controls, there were no functional alterations. However, compared to the DM group, in the DM-IR aortas, impaired maximum endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in response to acetylcholine (DM 86.7 ± 0.1% vs. DM-IR 42.5 ± 2.5% vs. DM-IR+CM 61.9 ± 2.0%, p < 0.05) was improved, caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, and caspase-12 immunoreactivity was decreased, and DNA strand breakage, detected by the TUNEL assay, was reduced by CM. We present the experimental finding that the preservation of vascular grafts with CM prevents endothelial dysfunction after IRI in diabetic rats. Targeting apoptosis by CM may contribute to its protective effect.
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19
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Ei ZZ, Benjakul S, Buamard N, Visuttijai K, Chanvorachote P. Shrimp Lipid Prevents Endoplasmic Reticulum-Mediated Endothelial Cell Damage. Foods 2022; 11:foods11193076. [PMID: 36230152 PMCID: PMC9563643 DOI: 10.3390/foods11193076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Shrimp contains a fat that benefits cardiovascular function and may help in the prevention of diseases. The stress of essential cellular organelle endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is linked to endothelial dysfunction and damage. This research aimed at investigating the effect of shrimp lipid (SL) on endothelial cells in response to ER stress, as well as the underlying mechanisms. Human endothelial cells were pretreated with SL (250 and 500 μg/mL) for 24 h, and treated with 0.16 μg/mL of Thapsigargin (Tg) for 24 h. The apoptosis and necrosis were detected by Hoechst 33342/propidium iodide (PI) co-staining. Cellular signaling pathways and ER stress markers were evaluated by Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence. SL protected against ER-induced endothelial cell apoptosis. According to the results, the viability of EA.hy926 cells treated with Tg alone was 44.97 ± 1%, but SL (250 μg/mL) pretreatment increased cell viability to 77.26 ± 3.9%, and SL (500 μg/mL) increased to 72.42 ± 4.3%. SL suppressed the increase in ER stress regulator glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and attenuated the RNA-dependent protein kinase-like ER eukaryotic initiation factor-2α kinase (PERK) and inositol-requiring ER-to-nucleus signaling protein 1 (IRE1) pathways. SL could inhibit cell damage by reducing the ER-related apoptosis protein, C/EBPα-homologous protein (CHOP), induced by ER stress. Taken together, we found the protective effect and mechanism of SL in protecting ER stress-induced endothelial cell apoptosis through suppression of the ER stress pathway. The findings may support the potential use of SL as an approach with a protective effect on endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zin Zin Ei
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Soottawat Benjakul
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Natchaphol Buamard
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Kittichate Visuttijai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pithi Chanvorachote
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +66-2218-8344
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20
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Shi Y, Luo Z, You J. Subcellular delivery of lipid nanoparticles to endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 14:e1803. [PMID: 35441489 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Primarily responsible for the biogenesis and metabolism of biomolecules, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria are gradually becoming the targets of therapeutic modulation, whose physiological activities and pathological manifestations determine the functional capacity and even the survival of cells. Drug delivery systems with specific physicochemical properties (passive targeting), or modified by small molecular compounds, polypeptides, and biomembranes demonstrating tropism for ER and mitochondria (active targeting) are able to reduce the nonselective accumulation of drugs, enhancing efficacy while reducing side effects. Lipid nanoparticles feature high biocompatibility, diverse cargo loading, and flexible structure modification, which are frequently used for subcellular organelle-targeted delivery of therapeutics. However, there is still a lack of systematic understanding of lipid nanoparticle-based ER and mitochondria targeting. Herein, we review the pathological significance of drug selectively delivered to the ER and mitochondria. We also summarize the molecular basis and application prospects of lipid nanoparticle-based ER and mitochondria targeting strategies, which may provide guidance for the prevention and treatment of associated diseases and disorders. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Lipid-Based Structures Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Shi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenyu Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian You
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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21
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Pritchard KA, Jing X, Teng M, Wells C, Jia S, Afolayan AJ, Jarzembowski J, Day BW, Naylor S, Hessner MJ, Konduri GG, Teng RJ. Role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in impaired neonatal lung growth and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269564. [PMID: 36018859 PMCID: PMC9417039 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloperoxidase (MPO), oxidative stress (OS), and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are increased in the lungs of rat pups raised in hyperoxia, an established model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). However, the relationship between OS, MPO, and ER stress has not been examined in hyperoxia rat pups. We treated Sprague-Dawley rat pups with tunicamycin or hyperoxia to determine this relationship. ER stress was detected using immunofluorescence, transcriptomic, proteomic, and electron microscopic analyses. Immunofluorescence observed increased ER stress in the lungs of hyperoxic rat BPD and human BPD. Proteomic and morphometric studies showed that tunicamycin directly increased ER stress of rat lungs and decreased lung complexity with a BPD phenotype. Previously, we showed that hyperoxia initiates a cycle of destruction that we hypothesized starts from increasing OS through MPO accumulation and then increases ER stress to cause BPD. To inhibit ER stress, we used tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), a molecular chaperone. To break the cycle of destruction and reduce OS and MPO, we used N-acetyl-lysyltyrosylcysteine amide (KYC). The fact that TUDCA improved lung complexity in tunicamycin- and hyperoxia-treated rat pups supports the idea that ER stress plays a causal role in BPD. Additional support comes from data showing TUDCA decreased lung myeloid cells and MPO levels in the lungs of tunicamycin- and hyperoxia-treated rat pups. These data link OS and MPO to ER stress in the mechanisms mediating BPD. KYC's inhibition of ER stress in the tunicamycin-treated rat pup's lung provides additional support for the idea that MPO-induced ER stress plays a causal role in the BPD phenotype. ER stress appears to expand our proposed cycle of destruction. Our results suggest ER stress evolves from OS and MPO to increase neonatal lung injury and impair growth and development. The encouraging effect of TUDCA indicates that this compound has the potential for treating BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirkwood A. Pritchard
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, United States of America,Children’s Research Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Xigang Jing
- Children’s Research Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, United States of America,Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Michelle Teng
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Clive Wells
- Electron Microscope Facility, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Shuang Jia
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Adeleye J. Afolayan
- Children’s Research Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, United States of America,Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Jason Jarzembowski
- Children’s Research Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, United States of America,Division of Pediatric Pathology, Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Billy W. Day
- ReNeuroGen L.L.C. Milwaukee, Elm Grove, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Stephen Naylor
- ReNeuroGen L.L.C. Milwaukee, Elm Grove, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Martin J. Hessner
- Children’s Research Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, United States of America,Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - G. Ganesh Konduri
- Children’s Research Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, United States of America,Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Ru-Jeng Teng
- Children’s Research Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, United States of America,Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, United States of America,* E-mail:
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22
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Svikle Z, Peterfelde B, Sjakste N, Baumane K, Verkauskiene R, Jeng CJ, Sokolovska J. Ubiquitin-proteasome system in diabetic retinopathy. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13715. [PMID: 35873915 PMCID: PMC9306563 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common complication of diabetes, being the most prevalent reason for blindness among the working-age population in the developed world. Despite constant improvement of understanding of the pathogenesis of DR, identification of novel biomarkers of DR is needed for improvement of patient risk stratification and development of novel prevention and therapeutic approaches. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is the primary protein quality control system responsible for recognizing and degrading of damaged proteins. This review aims to summarize literature data on modifications of UPS in diabetes and DR. First, we briefly review the structure and functions of UPS in physiological conditions. We then describe how UPS is involved in the development and progression of diabetes and touch upon the association of UPS genetic factors with diabetes and its complications. Further, we focused on the effect of diabetes-induced hyperglycemia, oxidative stress and hypoxia on UPS functioning, with examples of studies on DR. In other sections, we discussed the association of several other mechanisms of DR (endoplasmic reticulum stress, neurodegeneration etc) with UPS modifications. Finally, UPS-affecting drugs and remedies are reviewed. This review highlights UPS as a promising target for the development of therapies for DR prevention and treatment and identifies gaps in existing knowledge and possible future study directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zane Svikle
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Beate Peterfelde
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia,Ophthalmology Department, Riga East University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
| | | | - Kristine Baumane
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia,Ophthalmology Department, Riga East University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
| | - Rasa Verkauskiene
- Institute of Endocrinology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Chi-Juei Jeng
- Ophthalmology Department, Taipei Medical University Shuang Ho Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, The Republic of China (Taiwan),College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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23
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Dela Justina V, Miguez JSG, Priviero F, Sullivan JC, Giachini FR, Webb RC. Sex Differences in Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiovascular Aging. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 2:725884. [PMID: 35822017 PMCID: PMC9261391 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2021.725884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is still the leading cause of illness and death in the Western world. Cardiovascular aging is a progressive modification occurring in cardiac and vascular morphology and physiology where increased endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness are observed, generally accompanied by increased systolic blood pressure and augmented pulse pressure. The effects of biological sex on cardiovascular pathophysiology have long been known. The incidence of hypertension is higher in men, and it increases in postmenopausal women. Premenopausal women are protected from CVD compared with age-matched men and this protective effect is lost with menopause, suggesting that sex-hormones influence blood pressure regulation. In parallel, the heart progressively remodels over the course of life and the pattern of cardiac remodeling also differs between the sexes. Lower autonomic tone, reduced baroreceptor response, and greater vascular function are observed in premenopausal women than men of similar age. However, postmenopausal women have stiffer arteries than their male counterparts. The biological mechanisms responsible for sex-related differences observed in cardiovascular aging are being unraveled over the last several decades. This review focuses on molecular mechanisms underlying the sex-differences of CVD in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Dela Justina
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Priviero
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Jennifer C Sullivan
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Fernanda R Giachini
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.,Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, Brazil
| | - R Clinton Webb
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
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24
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Zhao Y, Tan DC, Peng B, Yang L, Zhang SY, Shi RP, Chong CM, Zhong ZF, Wang SP, Liang QL, Wang YT. Neuroendocrine-Immune Regulatory Network of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27123697. [PMID: 35744822 PMCID: PMC9229650 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Eucommia ulmoides Oliver (E. ulmoides) is a popular medicinal herb and health supplement in China, Japan, and Korea, and has a variety of pharmaceutical properties. The neuroendocrine-immune (NEI) network is crucial in maintaining homeostasis and physical or psychological functions at a holistic level, consistent with the regulatory theory of natural medicine. This review aims to systematically summarize the chemical compositions, biological roles, and pharmacological properties of E. ulmoides to build a bridge between it and NEI-associated diseases and to provide a perspective for the development of its new clinical applications. After a review of the literature, we found that E. ulmoides has effects on NEI-related diseases including cancer, neurodegenerative disease, hyperlipidemia, osteoporosis, insomnia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity. However, clinical studies on E. ulmoides were scarce. In addition, E. ulmoides derivatives are diverse in China, and they are mainly used to enhance immunity, improve hepatic damage, strengthen bones, and lower blood pressure. Through network pharmacological analysis, we uncovered the possibility that E. ulmoides is involved in functional interactions with cancer development, insulin resistance, NAFLD, and various inflammatory pathways associated with NEI diseases. Overall, this review suggests that E. ulmoides has a wide range of applications for NEI-related diseases and provides a direction for its future research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhao
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China; (Y.Z.); (D.-C.T.); (B.P.); (L.Y.); (S.-Y.Z.); (R.-P.S.); (C.-M.C.); (Z.-F.Z.); (S.-P.W.)
| | - De-Chao Tan
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China; (Y.Z.); (D.-C.T.); (B.P.); (L.Y.); (S.-Y.Z.); (R.-P.S.); (C.-M.C.); (Z.-F.Z.); (S.-P.W.)
| | - Bo Peng
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China; (Y.Z.); (D.-C.T.); (B.P.); (L.Y.); (S.-Y.Z.); (R.-P.S.); (C.-M.C.); (Z.-F.Z.); (S.-P.W.)
| | - Lin Yang
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China; (Y.Z.); (D.-C.T.); (B.P.); (L.Y.); (S.-Y.Z.); (R.-P.S.); (C.-M.C.); (Z.-F.Z.); (S.-P.W.)
| | - Si-Yuan Zhang
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China; (Y.Z.); (D.-C.T.); (B.P.); (L.Y.); (S.-Y.Z.); (R.-P.S.); (C.-M.C.); (Z.-F.Z.); (S.-P.W.)
| | - Rui-Peng Shi
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China; (Y.Z.); (D.-C.T.); (B.P.); (L.Y.); (S.-Y.Z.); (R.-P.S.); (C.-M.C.); (Z.-F.Z.); (S.-P.W.)
| | - Cheong-Meng Chong
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China; (Y.Z.); (D.-C.T.); (B.P.); (L.Y.); (S.-Y.Z.); (R.-P.S.); (C.-M.C.); (Z.-F.Z.); (S.-P.W.)
| | - Zhang-Feng Zhong
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China; (Y.Z.); (D.-C.T.); (B.P.); (L.Y.); (S.-Y.Z.); (R.-P.S.); (C.-M.C.); (Z.-F.Z.); (S.-P.W.)
| | - Sheng-Peng Wang
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China; (Y.Z.); (D.-C.T.); (B.P.); (L.Y.); (S.-Y.Z.); (R.-P.S.); (C.-M.C.); (Z.-F.Z.); (S.-P.W.)
| | - Qiong-Lin Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Beijing Key Lab of Microanalytical Methods & Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Correspondence: (Q.-L.L.); (Y.-T.W.); Tel.: +86-010-6277-2263 (Q.-L.L.); +853-8822-4691 (Y.-T.W.); Fax: +86-010-6277-2263 (Q.-L.L.); +853-2884-1358 (Y.-T.W.)
| | - Yi-Tao Wang
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China; (Y.Z.); (D.-C.T.); (B.P.); (L.Y.); (S.-Y.Z.); (R.-P.S.); (C.-M.C.); (Z.-F.Z.); (S.-P.W.)
- Correspondence: (Q.-L.L.); (Y.-T.W.); Tel.: +86-010-6277-2263 (Q.-L.L.); +853-8822-4691 (Y.-T.W.); Fax: +86-010-6277-2263 (Q.-L.L.); +853-2884-1358 (Y.-T.W.)
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25
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Oxidative Stress-Induced Growth Inhibitor (OSGIN1), a Target of X-Box-Binding Protein 1, Protects Palmitic Acid-Induced Vascular Lipotoxicity through Maintaining Autophagy. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10050992. [PMID: 35625730 PMCID: PMC9138516 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10050992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Saturated free fatty acids (FFAs) strongly correlate with metabolic syndromes and are well-known risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The mechanism of palmitic acid (PA)-induced vascular lipotoxicity under endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is unknown. In the present paper, we investigate the roles of spliced form of X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1s) target gene oxidative stress-induced growth inhibitor 1 (OSGIN1) in PA-induced vascular dysfunction. PA inhibited the tube formation assay of primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Simultaneously, PA treatment induced the XBP1s expression in HUVECs. Attenuate the induction of XBP1s by silencing the XBP1s retarded cell migration and diminished endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression. OSGIN1 is a target gene of XBP1s under PA treatment. The silencing of OSGIN1 inhibits cell migration by decreasing phospho-eNOS expression. PA activated autophagy in endothelial cells, inhibiting autophagy by 3-methyladenine (3-MA) decreased endothelial cell migration. Silencing XBP1s and OSGIN1 would reduce the induction of LC3 II; therefore, OSGIN1 could maintain autophagy to preserve endothelial cell migration. In conclusion, PA treatment induced ER stress and activated the inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha–spliced XBP1 (IRE1α–XBP1s) pathway. OSGIN1, a target gene of XBP1s, could protect endothelial cells from vascular lipotoxicity by regulating autophagy.
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26
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Bona S, Fernandes SA, Moreira ACJ, Rodrigues G, Schemitt EG, Di Naso FC, Marroni CA, Marroni NP. Melatonin restores zinc levels, activates the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway, and modulates endoplasmic reticular stress and HSP in rats with chronic hepatotoxicity. World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther 2022; 13:11-22. [PMID: 35433098 PMCID: PMC8968507 DOI: 10.4292/wjgpt.v13.i2.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melatonin (MLT) is a potent antioxidant molecule that is shown to have a beneficial effect in various pathological situations, due to its action against free radicals.
AIM To evaluate the effect of MLT on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver injury in rats in terms of oxidative stress, reticular stress, and cell damage.
METHODS Twenty male Wistar rats (230-250 g) were divided into four groups: Control rats, rats treated with MLT alone, rats treated with CCl4 alone, and rats treated with CCl4 plus MLT. CCl4 was administered as follows: Ten doses every 5 d, ten every 4 d, and seven every 3 d. MLT was administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 20 mg/kg from the 10th wk to the end of the experiment (16th wk).
RESULTS MLT was able to reduce the release of liver enzymes in the bloodstream and to decrease oxidative stress in CCl4 treated rats by decreasing the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and increasing superoxide dismutase activity, with a lower reduction in serum zinc levels, guaranteeing a reduction in liver damage; additionally, it increased the expression of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 and decreased the expression of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1. MLT also decreased the expression of the proteins associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress, i.e., glucose-regulated protein 78 and activating transcription factor 6, as well as of heat shock factor 1 and heat shock protein 70.
CONCLUSION MLT has a hepatoprotective effect in an experimental model of CCl4-induced liver injury, since it reduces oxidative stress, restores zinc levels, and modulates endoplasmic reticulum stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Bona
- Medical Sciences Program, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-903, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Alves Fernandes
- Posgraduate Program in Hepatology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90040-001, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Andrea C Janz Moreira
- Biological Sciences Program, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Graziella Rodrigues
- Medical Sciences Program, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-903, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Elizângela G Schemitt
- Medical Sciences Program, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-903, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fabio Cangeri Di Naso
- Postgraduate Program in Pneumological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90000-000, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cláudio A Marroni
- Posgraduate Program in Hepatology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90040-001, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Norma P Marroni
- Medical Sciences Program, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-903, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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27
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Rochette L, Rigal E, Dogon G, Malka G, Zeller M, Vergely C, Cottin Y. Mitochondrial-derived peptides: New markers for cardiometabolic dysfunction. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 115:48-56. [PMID: 34972639 DOI: 10.1016/j.acvd.2021.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Great attention is being paid to the evaluation of new markers in blood circulation for the estimation of tissue metabolism disturbance. This endogenous disturbance may contribute to the onset and progression of cardiometabolic disease. In addition to their role in energy production and metabolism, mitochondria play a main function in cellular mechanisms, including apoptosis, oxidative stress and calcium homeostasis. Mitochondria produce mitochondrial-derived peptides that mediate the transcriptional stress response by translocating into the nucleus and interacting with deoxyribonucleic acid. This class of peptides includes humanin, mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S ribosomal ribonucleic acid type c (MOTS-c) and small humanin-like peptides. Mitochondrial-derived peptides are regulators of metabolism, exerting cytoprotective effects through antioxidative stress, anti-inflammatory responses and antiapoptosis; they are emerging biomarkers reflecting mitochondrial function, and the circulating concentration of these proteins can be used to diagnose cardiometabolic dysfunction. The aims of this review are: (1) to describe the emerging role for mitochondrial-derived peptides as biomarkers; and (2) to discuss the therapeutic application of these peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Rochette
- Équipe d'Accueil (EA 7460), physiopathologie et épidémiologie cérébro-cardiovasculaires (PEC2), faculté des sciences de santé, université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France.
| | - Eve Rigal
- Équipe d'Accueil (EA 7460), physiopathologie et épidémiologie cérébro-cardiovasculaires (PEC2), faculté des sciences de santé, université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Geoffrey Dogon
- Équipe d'Accueil (EA 7460), physiopathologie et épidémiologie cérébro-cardiovasculaires (PEC2), faculté des sciences de santé, université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Gabriel Malka
- Centre interface applications médicales (CIAM), université Mohammed VI Polytechnique, 43150 Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Marianne Zeller
- Équipe d'Accueil (EA 7460), physiopathologie et épidémiologie cérébro-cardiovasculaires (PEC2), faculté des sciences de santé, université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Catherine Vergely
- Équipe d'Accueil (EA 7460), physiopathologie et épidémiologie cérébro-cardiovasculaires (PEC2), faculté des sciences de santé, université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Yves Cottin
- Cardiology Unit, CHU de Dijon-Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
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28
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Cheng CK, Luo JY, Lau CW, Cho WCS, Ng CF, Ma RCW, Tian XY, Huang Y. A GLP-1 analog lowers ER stress and enhances protein folding to ameliorate homocysteine-induced endothelial dysfunction. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:1598-1609. [PMID: 33495519 PMCID: PMC8463564 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-00589-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and increases mortality in type 2 diabetic patients. HHcy induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and oxidative stress to impair endothelial function. The glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analog exendin-4 attenuates endothelial ER stress, but the detailed vasoprotective mechanism remains elusive. The present study investigated the beneficial effects of exendin-4 against HHcy-induced endothelial dysfunction. Exendin-4 pretreatment reversed homocysteine-induced impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxations in C57BL/6 mouse aortae ex vivo. Four weeks subcutaneous injection of exendin-4 restored the impaired endothelial function in both aortae and mesenteric arteries isolated from mice with diet-induced HHcy. Exendin-4 treatment lowered superoxide anion accumulation in the mouse aortae both ex vivo and in vivo. Exendin-4 decreased the expression of ER stress markers (e.g., ATF4, spliced XBP1, and phosphorylated eIF2α) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and this change was reversed by cotreatment with compound C (CC) (AMPK inhibitor). Exendin-4 induced phosphorylation of AMPK and endothelial nitric oxide synthase in HUVECs and arteries. Exendin-4 increased the expression of endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductase (ERO1α), an important ER chaperone in endothelial cells, and this effect was mediated by AMPK activation. Experiments using siRNA-mediated knockdown or adenoviral overexpression revealed that ERO1α mediated the inhibitory effects of exendin-4 on ER stress and superoxide anion production, thus ameliorating HHcy-induced endothelial dysfunction. The present results demonstrate that exendin-4 reduces HHcy-induced ER stress and improves endothelial function through AMPK-dependent ERO1α upregulation in endothelial cells and arteries. AMPK activation promotes the protein folding machinery in endothelial cells to suppress ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chak Kwong Cheng
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Heart and Vascular Institute and Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiang-Yun Luo
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Heart and Vascular Institute and Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chi Wai Lau
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Heart and Vascular Institute and Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - William Chi-Shing Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chi Fai Ng
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ronald Ching Wan Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, and The Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiao Yu Tian
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Heart and Vascular Institute and Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Yu Huang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Heart and Vascular Institute and Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Eisvand F, Tajbakhsh A, Seidel V, Zirak MR, Tabeshpour J, Shakeri A. Quercetin and its role in modulating endoplasmic reticulum stress: A review. Phytother Res 2021; 36:73-84. [PMID: 34528309 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the place where proteins and lipids are biosynthesized and where transmembrane proteins are folded. Both pathological and physiological situations may disturb the function of the ER, resulting in ER stress. Under stress conditions, the cells initiate a defensive procedure known as the unfolded protein response (UPR). Cases of severe stress lead to autophagy and/or the induction of cell apoptosis. Many studies implicate ER stress as a major factor contributing to many diseases. Therefore, the modulation of ER stress pathways has become an attractive therapeutic target. Quercetin is a plant-derived metabolite belonging to the flavonoids class which presents a range of beneficial effects including anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, anti-oxidant, anti-obesity, anti-carcinogenic, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-diabetic, anti-hypercholesterolemic, and anti-apoptotic activities. Quercetin also has anti-cancer activity, and can be used as an adjuvant to decrease resistance to cancer chemotherapy. Furthermore, the effect of quercetin can be increased with the help of nanotechnology. This review discusses the role of quercetin in the modulation of ER stress (and related diseases) and provides novel evidence for the beneficial use of quercetin in therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Eisvand
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Tajbakhsh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Veronique Seidel
- Natural Products Research Laboratory, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Mohammad Reza Zirak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Jamshid Tabeshpour
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Shakeri
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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30
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Hong J, Park E, Lee J, Lee Y, Rooney BV, Park Y. Exercise training mitigates ER stress and UCP2 deficiency-associated coronary vascular dysfunction in atherosclerosis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15449. [PMID: 34326395 PMCID: PMC8322067 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94944-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) activation are opposing modulators of endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis. Exercise reduces atherosclerosis plaques and enhances endothelial function. Our aim was to understand how exercise affects ER stress and UCP2 activation, and how that relates to endothelial dysfunction in an atherosclerotic murine model. Wild type (C57BL/6, WT) and apolipoprotein-E-knockout (ApoEtm1Unc, ApoE KO) mice underwent treadmill exercise training (EX) or remained sedentary for 12 weeks. Acetylcholine (ACh)-induced endothelium-dependent vasodilation was determined in the presence of an eNOS inhibitor (L-NAME), UCP2 inhibitor (genipin), and ER stress inducer (tunicamycin). UCP2, ER stress markers and NLRP3 inflammasome signaling were quantified by western blotting. p67phox and superoxide were visualized using immunofluorescence and DHE staining. Nitric oxide (NO) was measured by nitrate/nitrite assay. ACh-induced vasodilation was attenuated in coronary arterioles of ApoE KO mice but improved in ApoE KO-EX mice. Treatment of coronary arterioles with L-NAME, tunicamycin, and genipin significantly attenuated ACh-induced vasodilation in all mice except for ApoE KO mice. Exercise reduced expression of ER stress proteins, TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling cascades, and Bax expression in the heart of ApoE KO-EX mice. Further, exercise diminished superoxide production and NADPH oxidase p67phox expression in coronary arterioles while simultaneously increasing UCP2 expression and nitric oxide (NO) production in the heart of ApoE KO-EX mice. Routine exercise alleviates endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerotic coronary arterioles in an eNOS, UCP2, and ER stress signaling specific manner, and resulting in reduced TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome activity and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyoung Hong
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, University of Houston, 3875 Holman St, Houston, TX, 77204-6015, USA
| | - Eunkyung Park
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, University of Houston, 3875 Holman St, Houston, TX, 77204-6015, USA
| | - Jonghae Lee
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, University of Houston, 3875 Holman St, Houston, TX, 77204-6015, USA
| | - Yang Lee
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77807, USA
| | - Bridgette V Rooney
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, University of Houston, 3875 Holman St, Houston, TX, 77204-6015, USA.,Geocontrol Systems Inc, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, 77058, USA
| | - Yoonjung Park
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, University of Houston, 3875 Holman St, Houston, TX, 77204-6015, USA.
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31
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Pushkarev VV, Sokolova LK, Kovzun OI, Pushkarev VM, Tronko MD. The Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and NLRP3 Inflammasomes in the Development of Atherosclerosis. CYTOL GENET+ 2021. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452721040113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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32
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Chatterjee N, Fraile-Bethencourt E, Baris A, Espinosa-Diez C, Anand S. MicroRNA-494 Regulates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Endothelial Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:671461. [PMID: 34322482 PMCID: PMC8311360 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.671461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Defects in stress responses are important contributors in many chronic conditions including cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and obesity-driven pathologies like non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Specifically, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is linked with these pathologies and control of ER stress can ameliorate tissue damage. MicroRNAs have a critical role in regulating diverse stress responses including ER stress. Here, we show that miR-494 plays a functional role during ER stress. Pharmacological ER stress inducers (tunicamycin (TCN) and thapsigargin) and hyperglycemia robustly increase the expression of miR-494 in vitro. ATF6 impacts the primary miR-494 levels whereas all three ER stress pathways are necessary for the increase in mature miR-494. Surprisingly, miR-494 pretreatment dampens the induction and magnitude of ER stress in response to TCN in endothelial cells and increases cell viability. Conversely, inhibition of miR-494 increases ER stress de novo and amplifies the effects of ER stress inducers. Using Mass Spectrometry (TMT-MS) we identified 23 proteins that are downregulated by both TCN and miR-494 in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Among these, we found 6 transcripts which harbor a putative miR-494 binding site. We validated the anti-apoptotic gene BIRC5 (survivin) and GINS4 as targets of miR-494 during ER stress. In summary, our data indicates that ER stress driven miR-494 may act in a feedback inhibitory loop to dampen downstream ER stress signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namita Chatterjee
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Eugenia Fraile-Bethencourt
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Adrian Baris
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Cristina Espinosa-Diez
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Sudarshan Anand
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
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Zhu QQ, Pu XB, Chen TC, Qiu CY, Wu ZH, Tian L, He YY, Wang XH, Shang T, Wang X, Xiang YL, Li DL, Zhang HK. Hsa_circ_0008360 sponges miR-186-5p to target CCND2 to modulate high glucose-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction. Cell Cycle 2021; 20:1389-1401. [PMID: 34223793 PMCID: PMC8344795 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2021.1918877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial dysfunction is associated with the progress of many diseases. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) take part in the dysfunction of vascular endothelium. CircRNA hsa_circ_0008360 (circ_0008360) is dysregulated in high glucose-treated vascular endothelium, while the role and mechanism of circ_0008360 in high glucose-induced dysfunction remain unknown. Human umbilical vascular endothelium cells (HUVEC) were stimulated via high glucose. The abundances of circ_0008360, miR-186-5p and cyclin D2 (CCND2) were examined via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction or western blot. Vascular endothelial dysfunction was assessed via cell viability, apoptosis, migration and tube formation. The target relationship between miR-186-5p and circ_0008360 or CCND2 was analyzed via dual-luciferase reporter, RNA pull-down and RNA immunoprecipitation analyses. Circ_0008360 expression was enhanced in high-glucose-treated HUVEC. Circ_0008360 silence mitigated high glucose-induced suppression of viability, migration, tube formation, and increase in apoptosis in HUVEC. MiR-186-5p was sponged by circ_0008360, and miR-186-5p inhibition reversed the effect of circ_0008360 silence on high glucose-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction. MiR-186-5p alleviated high glucose-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction via targeting CCND2. CCND2 interference abolished the aggravated effect of circ_0008360 on high glucose-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction. Circ_0008360 knockdown attenuated high glucose-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction via regulating miR-186-5p and CCND2, indicating circ_0008360 might act as a target for the treatment of vascular endothelial dysfunction.Abbreviations: circRNAs, circular RNAs; HUVEC, human umbilical vascular endothelium cells; CCND2, cyclin D2; XPNPEP3, X-prolyl aminopeptidase 3; ceRNAs, competing endogenous RNAs; miRNAs, microRNAs; qRT-PCR, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction; RIP, RNA immunoprecipitation; HIF-1α, hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha; TLR3, toll-like receptor 3; AKAP12, A-Kinase Anchoring Protein 12; ox-LDL, oxidized low-density lipoprotein; HG, high glucose; NG, normal glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Zhu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Xi-Bin Pu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Chi Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Chen-Yang Qiu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Zi-Heng Wu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Lu Tian
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Yang-Yan He
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Hui Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Tao Shang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Xun Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Lang Xiang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Lin Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Kun Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
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34
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Efentakis P, Molitor M, Kossmann S, Bochenek ML, Wild J, Lagrange J, Finger S, Jung R, Karbach S, Schäfer K, Schulz A, Wild P, Münzel T, Wenzel P. Tubulin-folding cofactor E deficiency promotes vascular dysfunction by increased endoplasmic reticulum stress. Eur Heart J 2021; 43:488-500. [PMID: 34132336 PMCID: PMC8830526 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Assessment of endothelial function in humans by measuring flow-mediated dilation (FMD) risk-stratifies individuals with established cardiovascular disease, whereas its predictive value is limited in primary prevention. We therefore aimed to establish and evaluate novel markers of FMD at the population level. METHODS AND RESULTS In order to identify novel targets that were negatively correlated with FMD and investigate their contribution to vascular function, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 4175 participants of the population based Gutenberg Health Study. Subsequently, conditional knockout mouse models deleting the gene of interest were generated and characterized. GWAS analysis revealed that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the tubulin-folding cofactor E (TBCE) gene were negatively correlated with endothelial function and TBCE expression. Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC)-targeted TBCE deficiency was associated with endothelial dysfunction, aortic wall hypertrophy, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated VSMC hyperproliferation in mice, paralleled by calnexin up-regulation and exacerbated by the blood pressure hormone angiotensin II. Treating SMMHC-ERT2-Cre+/-TBCEfl/fl mice with the ER stress modulator tauroursodeoxycholic acid amplified Raptor/Beclin-1-dependent autophagy and reversed vascular dysfunction. CONCLUSION TBCE and tubulin homeostasis seem to be novel predictors of vascular function and offer a new drug target to ameliorate ER stress-dependent vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Efentakis
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael Molitor
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)-Partner site Rhine-Main, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sabine Kossmann
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Magdalena L Bochenek
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)-Partner site Rhine-Main, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Johannes Wild
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jeremy Lagrange
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefanie Finger
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Rebecca Jung
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Susanne Karbach
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)-Partner site Rhine-Main, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Katrin Schäfer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)-Partner site Rhine-Main, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Schulz
- Department of Cardiology-Preventive Cardiology and Medical Prevention, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Philipp Wild
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)-Partner site Rhine-Main, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,Department of Cardiology-Preventive Cardiology and Medical Prevention, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)-Partner site Rhine-Main, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Philip Wenzel
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)-Partner site Rhine-Main, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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35
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Sailakshmi MPA, Prabhu MR, Prabhakara S, Anbazhagan K, Rupakala BM. Congo red dot test in the early prediction and diagnosis of pre-eclampsia in a tertiary health care centre in India. Pregnancy Hypertens 2021; 25:225-229. [PMID: 34273671 DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To demonstrate the use of urine congophilia quantification in the prediction and diagnosis of pre-eclampsia using Congo red dot test. STUDY DESIGN A prospective cohort study in 378 consecutive pregnant women was conducted. All eligible, consenting women of gestational age between 10 and 34 weeks were enrolled in the study. The presence of urinary misfolded proteins was screened by a simple dot test technique on unsupported nitrocellulose membrane using Congo red dye. RESULTS The urinary congophilia was increased in urine from women with pre eclampsia compared to healthy pregnant controls. The mean CRR value of pre eclamptic pregnant women (35.2 ± 9.4%) was five times higher than that of mean CRR value of normotensive pregnant women (6.9 ± 4.7%). The mean gestational age at which Congo red test showed positive was 26.95 ± 2.90 weeks and the time taken from CRD positive to development of PE was 4.92 ± 2.54 weeks of gestation. CONCLUSIONS In our study, the CRD test was not only effective in predicting pre-eclampsia but was also useful in differentiating between pre-eclampsia and other forms of hypertension, as well as early onset and late onset pre-eclampsia, with positive predictive value of 80.36% and negative predictive value of 92.86.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P A Sailakshmi
- Department of OBG, Rajarajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Bangalore, India.
| | - M R Prabhu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Rajarajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | - S Prabhakara
- Department of Genetics, Rajarajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | - K Anbazhagan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Rajarajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Bangalore, India.
| | - B M Rupakala
- Department of OBG, Rajarajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Bangalore, India
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36
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Echavarría-Consuegra L, Cook GM, Busnadiego I, Lefèvre C, Keep S, Brown K, Doyle N, Dowgier G, Franaszek K, Moore NA, Siddell SG, Bickerton E, Hale BG, Firth AE, Brierley I, Irigoyen N. Manipulation of the unfolded protein response: A pharmacological strategy against coronavirus infection. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009644. [PMID: 34138976 PMCID: PMC8211288 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus infection induces the unfolded protein response (UPR), a cellular signalling pathway composed of three branches, triggered by unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) due to high ER load. We have used RNA sequencing and ribosome profiling to investigate holistically the transcriptional and translational response to cellular infection by murine hepatitis virus (MHV), often used as a model for the Betacoronavirus genus to which the recently emerged SARS-CoV-2 also belongs. We found the UPR to be amongst the most significantly up-regulated pathways in response to MHV infection. To confirm and extend these observations, we show experimentally the induction of all three branches of the UPR in both MHV- and SARS-CoV-2-infected cells. Over-expression of the SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 or S proteins alone is itself sufficient to induce the UPR. Remarkably, pharmacological inhibition of the UPR greatly reduced the replication of both MHV and SARS-CoV-2, revealing the importance of this pathway for successful coronavirus replication. This was particularly striking when both IRE1α and ATF6 branches of the UPR were inhibited, reducing SARS-CoV-2 virion release (~1,000-fold). Together, these data highlight the UPR as a promising antiviral target to combat coronavirus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Echavarría-Consuegra
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Georgia M. Cook
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Idoia Busnadiego
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Charlotte Lefèvre
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Keep
- The Pirbright Institute, Woking, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Katherine Brown
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nicole Doyle
- The Pirbright Institute, Woking, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | | | - Krzysztof Franaszek
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nathan A. Moore
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart G. Siddell
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | | | - Benjamin G. Hale
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andrew E. Firth
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Brierley
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nerea Irigoyen
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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37
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Korkmaz-Icöz S, Sun X, Li S, Brlecic P, Loganathan S, Ruppert M, Sayour AA, Radovits T, Karck M, Szabó G. Conditioned Medium from Mesenchymal Stem Cells Alleviates Endothelial Dysfunction of Vascular Grafts Submitted to Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in 15-Month-Old Rats. Cells 2021; 10:1231. [PMID: 34067928 PMCID: PMC8155879 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is the main contributor to organ dysfunction. Aging-induced vascular damage may be further aggravated during CABG. Favorable effects of conditioned medium (CM) from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been suggested against IRI. We hypothesized that adding CM to saline protects vascular grafts from IRI in rats. We found that CM contains 28 factors involved in apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Thoracic aortic rings from 15-month-old rats were explanted and immediately mounted in organ bath chambers (aged group) or underwent 24 h of cold ischemic preservation in saline-supplemented either with vehicle (aged-IR group) or CM (aged-IR+CM group), prior to mounting. Three-month-old rats were used as referent young animals. Aging was associated with an increase in intima-to-media thickness, an increase in collagen content, higher caspase-12 mRNA levels, and immunoreactivity compared to young rats. Impaired endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation to acetylcholine in the aged-IR group compared to the aged-aorta was improved by CM (aged 61 ± 2% vs. aged-IR 38 ± 2% vs. aged-IR+CM 50 ± 3%, p < 0.05). In the aged-IR group, the already high mRNA levels of caspase-12 were decreased by CM. CM alleviates endothelial dysfunction following IRI in 15-month-old rats. The protective effect may be related to the inhibition of caspase-12 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevil Korkmaz-Icöz
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (X.S.); (S.L.); (P.B.); (S.L.); (M.R.); (A.A.S.); (M.K.); (G.S.)
| | - Xiaoxin Sun
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (X.S.); (S.L.); (P.B.); (S.L.); (M.R.); (A.A.S.); (M.K.); (G.S.)
| | - Shiliang Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (X.S.); (S.L.); (P.B.); (S.L.); (M.R.); (A.A.S.); (M.K.); (G.S.)
| | - Paige Brlecic
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (X.S.); (S.L.); (P.B.); (S.L.); (M.R.); (A.A.S.); (M.K.); (G.S.)
| | - Sivakkanan Loganathan
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (X.S.); (S.L.); (P.B.); (S.L.); (M.R.); (A.A.S.); (M.K.); (G.S.)
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Halle (Saale), 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Mihály Ruppert
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (X.S.); (S.L.); (P.B.); (S.L.); (M.R.); (A.A.S.); (M.K.); (G.S.)
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 1122 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Alex Ali Sayour
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (X.S.); (S.L.); (P.B.); (S.L.); (M.R.); (A.A.S.); (M.K.); (G.S.)
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 1122 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Tamás Radovits
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 1122 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Matthias Karck
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (X.S.); (S.L.); (P.B.); (S.L.); (M.R.); (A.A.S.); (M.K.); (G.S.)
| | - Gábor Szabó
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (X.S.); (S.L.); (P.B.); (S.L.); (M.R.); (A.A.S.); (M.K.); (G.S.)
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Halle (Saale), 06120 Halle, Germany
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Pharmacological Activation of Nrf2 by Rosolic Acid Attenuates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Endothelial Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:2732435. [PMID: 33897939 PMCID: PMC8052152 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2732435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays a key role in the folding, modification, and trafficking of proteins. When the homeostasis of the ER is disturbed, un/misfolded proteins accumulate in the ER which leads to ER stress. Sustained ER stress results in apoptosis, which is associated with various diseases. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a major transcription factor in redox homeostasis by regulating various genes associated with detoxification and cell-protective mechanisms. We found that Rosolic acid (RA) treatment dose-dependently activates Nrf2 in endothelial cells using the enzyme fragment complementation assay. The cytoprotective role of RA against ER stress-induced endothelial apoptosis and its molecular mechanism was explored in the present study. The Nrf2 and its target genes, as well as ER stress marker expressions, were measured by qPCR in ER stress-exposed endothelial cells. The contribution of Nrf2 in RA-mediated defense mechanism in endothelial cells was established by knockout studies using Nrf2-CRISPR/Cas9. The treatment with RA to ER stress-induced endothelial cells exhibited activation of Nrf2, as demonstrated by Nrf2 translocation and reduction of ER stress markers. We found that the Nrf2 knockout sensitized the endothelial cells against ER stress, and further, RA failed to mediate its cytoprotective effect. Proteomic studies using LC-MS/MS revealed that among the 1370 proteins detected, we found 296 differentially regulated proteins in ER stress-induced endothelial cells, and RA administration ameliorated 71 proteins towards the control levels. Of note, the ER stress in endothelial cells was attenuated by the treatment with the RA, suggesting the role of the Nrf2 activator in the pathological conditions of ER stress-associated diseases.
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Yozgat Y, Kus HD, Kahraman FU, Yuksel M, Firat CK, Toprak A, Yozgat CY, Yakut K, Sahin SS, Iscan A, Temur HO, Ergor SN, Erenberk U, Saritas T. Evaluation of cardiac arrhythmias by electrocardiographic markers in pediatric patients who have tuberous sclerosis without cardiac rhabdomyoma. Arch Pediatr 2021; 28:204-208. [PMID: 33715930 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2021.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberous sclerosis (TS) is an autosomal dominant and hereditary disorder. Cardiac rhabdomyoma and arrhythmias are the most deleterious risk factors linked to TS. Although arrhythmias in pediatric patients with TS who have cardiac rhabdomyoma have been frequently reported, arrhythmia in patients who have TS without rhabdomyoma is rarely reported in the literature. The study aimed to assess the susceptibility of pediatric patients who have TS without cardiac rhabdomyoma to cardiac arrhythmia using electrocardiographic (ECG) markers. METHODS This prospective study included 10 patients who had TS without cardiac rhabdomyoma. The control group was made up of 30 healthy children of the same age and sex as the patient group. P wave, P wave dispersion, QT dispersion, QTc dispersion, TP-e interval, and TP-e interval dispersion were calculated on 12-lead surface ECGs for each patient in both groups and compared. RESULTS P wave, P wave dispersion, QT dispersion, and QTc dispersion were found to be significantly higher in the patient group (P<0.001). Furthermore, patients had a greater Tp-e interval and Tp-e interval dispersion than healthy children (P<0.001). CONCLUSION Pediatric patients with TS without cardiac rhabdomyoma might be prone to atrial and ventricular arrhythmias according to their prolonged ECG markers. Our findings suggest that patients with TS without cardiac rhabdomyoma need close monitoring for atrial and ventricular arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yozgat
- Department of pediatric cardiology, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - H D Kus
- Department of pediatrics, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - F U Kahraman
- Department of pediatrics, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - M Yuksel
- Department of pediatrics, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - C K Firat
- Department of pediatrics, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - A Toprak
- Department of biostatistics, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - C Y Yozgat
- Faculty of medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - K Yakut
- Department of pediatric cardiology, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - S S Sahin
- Department of pediatric neurology, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - A Iscan
- Department of pediatric neurology, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - H O Temur
- Department of radiology, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - S N Ergor
- Department of neonatology, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - U Erenberk
- Department of pediatrics, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - T Saritas
- Department of pediatric cardiology, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Maternal Melatonin Deficiency Leads to Endocrine Pathologies in Children in Early Ontogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042058. [PMID: 33669686 PMCID: PMC7922827 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The review summarizes the results of experimental and clinical studies aimed at elucidating the causes and pathophysiological mechanisms of the development of endocrine pathology in children. The modern data on the role of epigenetic influences in the early ontogenesis of unfavorable factors that violate the patterns of the formation of regulatory mechanisms during periods of critical development of fetal organs and systems and contribute to the delayed development of pathological conditions are considered. The mechanisms of the participation of melatonin in the regulation of metabolic processes and the key role of maternal melatonin in the formation of the circadian system of regulation in the fetus and in the protection of the genetic program of its morphofunctional development during pregnancy complications are presented. Melatonin, by controlling DNA methylation and histone modification, prevents changes in gene expression that are directly related to the programming of endocrine pathology in offspring. Deficiency and absence of the circadian rhythm of maternal melatonin underlies violations of the genetic program for the development of hormonal and metabolic regulatory mechanisms of the functional systems of the child, which determines the programming and implementation of endocrine pathology in early ontogenesis, contributing to its development in later life. The significance of this factor in the pathophysiological mechanisms of endocrine disorders determines a new approach to risk assessment and timely prevention of offspring diseases even at the stage of family planning.
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Cortés A, Pejenaute Á, Marqués J, Izal Í, Cenoz S, Ansorena E, Martínez-Irujo JJ, de Miguel C, Zalba G. NADPH Oxidase 5 Induces Changes in the Unfolded Protein Response in Human Aortic Endothelial Cells and in Endothelial-Specific Knock-in Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020194. [PMID: 33572841 PMCID: PMC7911693 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress constitutes a key molecular mechanism in the development of cardiovascular diseases. A potential relationship between reactive oxygen species (ROS) driven by the NADPH oxidase family (NOX) and the unfolded protein response (UPR) has been postulated. Nevertheless, there is a lack of information about the crosstalk between NOX5 homologue and the UPR in a cardiovascular context. The main aim was to analyze NOX5-mediated ROS effects in the UPR and its importance in cardiovascular diseases. To this effect, we used an adenoviral NOX5-β overexpression model in human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) and a conditional endothelial NOX5 knock-in mouse. Using expression arrays, we investigated NOX5-induced genomic changes in HAEC. Compared with the control HAEC, 298 genes were differentially expressed. Gene ontology analysis revealed the activation of numerous cellular routes, the most relevant being the UPR pathway. Using real-time PCR and Western Blot experiments, we confirmed that NOX5 overexpression induced changes in the expression of the UPR components, which were associated with increased apoptosis. Moreover, in endothelial-specific NOX5 knock-in mice, we found changes in the expression of the UPR components genes. In these mice, myocardial infarction was performed by permanent coronary artery ligation; however, NOX5 expression was not associated with differences in the UPR components mRNA levels. In these animals, we found significant associations between the UPR components gene expression and echocardiographic parameters. Our data support the idea that NOX5-derived ROS may modulate the UPR pathway in endothelial cells, which might play a relevant role in cardiac physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Cortés
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.C.); (Á.P.); (J.M.); (Í.I.); (S.C.); (E.A.); (J.J.M.-I.); (C.d.M.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Álvaro Pejenaute
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.C.); (Á.P.); (J.M.); (Í.I.); (S.C.); (E.A.); (J.J.M.-I.); (C.d.M.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Marqués
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.C.); (Á.P.); (J.M.); (Í.I.); (S.C.); (E.A.); (J.J.M.-I.); (C.d.M.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Íñigo Izal
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.C.); (Á.P.); (J.M.); (Í.I.); (S.C.); (E.A.); (J.J.M.-I.); (C.d.M.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Silvia Cenoz
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.C.); (Á.P.); (J.M.); (Í.I.); (S.C.); (E.A.); (J.J.M.-I.); (C.d.M.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Ansorena
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.C.); (Á.P.); (J.M.); (Í.I.); (S.C.); (E.A.); (J.J.M.-I.); (C.d.M.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan José Martínez-Irujo
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.C.); (Á.P.); (J.M.); (Í.I.); (S.C.); (E.A.); (J.J.M.-I.); (C.d.M.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carlos de Miguel
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.C.); (Á.P.); (J.M.); (Í.I.); (S.C.); (E.A.); (J.J.M.-I.); (C.d.M.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Guillermo Zalba
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.C.); (Á.P.); (J.M.); (Í.I.); (S.C.); (E.A.); (J.J.M.-I.); (C.d.M.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-948-425600
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Chalcone suppresses tumor growth through NOX4-IRE1α sulfonation-RIDD-miR-23b axis. Redox Biol 2021; 40:101853. [PMID: 33445069 PMCID: PMC7806525 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chalcone is a polyphenolic compound found abundantly in natural plant components. They have been acclaimed as potential antitumor compounds in multiple tumor cells. However, not much attention has been paid to elucidate its antitumor mechanism of action. Here, chalcone was demonstrated to trigger endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced apoptosis through sulfonation of IRE1α by ER-localized NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4). IRE1α-sulfonation at a cysteine residue was shown to induce "regulated IRE1α-dependent decay" (RIDD) of mRNA rather than specific splicing of XBP1. The IRE1α sulfonation-induced RIDD degraded miR-23b, enhancing the expression of NOX4. The expression of NOX4 was also upregulated in breast, and prostate cancer tissue. In chalcone-administered mice in vivo, tumor growth was regressed by the consistent mechanisms "NOX4-IRE1α sulfonation-RIDD". Similarly, NOX4 activation and IRE1α sulfonation were also highly increased under severe ER stress conditions. Together, these findings suggest chalcone as a lead anticancer compound where it acts through NOX4-IRE1α-RIDD-miR-23b axis providing a promising vision of chalcone derivatives' anticancer mechanism.
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Wang B, Zhang M, Urabe G, Shirasu T, Guo LW, Kent KC. PERK Inhibition Promotes Post-angioplasty Re-endothelialization via Modulating SMC Phenotype Changes. J Surg Res 2021; 257:294-305. [PMID: 32871430 PMCID: PMC11034999 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2020.05.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug-eluting stents impair post-angioplasty re-endothelialization thus compromising restenosis prevention while heightening thrombotic risks. We recently found that inhibition of protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) effectively mitigated both restenosis and thrombosis in rodent models. This motivated us to determine how PERK inhibition impacts re-endothelialization. METHODS Re-endothelialization was evaluated in endothelial-denuded rat carotid arteries after balloon angioplasty and periadventitial administration of PERK inhibitor in a hydrogel. To study whether PERK in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) regulates re-endothelialization by paracrinally influencing endothelial cells (ECs), denuded arteries exposing SMCs were lentiviral-infected to silence PERK; in vitro, the extracellular vesicles isolated from the medium of PDGF-activated, PERK-upregulating human primary SMCs were transferred to human primary ECs. RESULTS Treatment with PERK inhibitor versus vehicle control accelerated re-endothelialization in denuded arteries. PERK-specific silencing in the denuded arterial wall (mainly SMCs) also enhanced re-endothelialization compared to scrambled shRNA control. In vitro, while medium transfer from PDGF-activated SMCs impaired EC viability and increased the mRNA levels of dysfunctional EC markers, either PERK inhibition or silencing in donor SMCs mitigated these EC changes. Furthermore, CXCL10, a paracrine cytokine detrimental to ECs, was increased by PDGF activation and decreased after PERK inhibition or silencing in SMCs. CONCLUSIONS Attenuating PERK activity pharmacologically or genetically provides an approach to accelerating post-angioplasty re-endothelialization in rats. The mechanism may involve paracrine factors regulated by PERK in SMCs that impact neighboring ECs. This study rationalizes future development of PERK-targeted endothelium-friendly vascular interventions.
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MESH Headings
- Angioplasty, Balloon/adverse effects
- Angioplasty, Balloon/instrumentation
- Animals
- Carotid Arteries/drug effects
- Carotid Arteries/pathology
- Carotid Arteries/surgery
- Coronary Restenosis/etiology
- Coronary Restenosis/prevention & control
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drug-Eluting Stents/adverse effects
- Endothelial Cells/drug effects
- Endothelial Cells/pathology
- Endothelium, Vascular/cytology
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/pathology
- Humans
- Male
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Paracrine Communication/drug effects
- Paracrine Communication/genetics
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/administration & dosage
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Rats
- Re-Epithelialization/drug effects
- Re-Epithelialization/genetics
- eIF-2 Kinase/antagonists & inhibitors
- eIF-2 Kinase/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Wang
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Mengxue Zhang
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; Cellular and Molecular Pathology Graduate Program, Department of Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Go Urabe
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Takuro Shirasu
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia; Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Lian-Wang Guo
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia; Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
| | - K Craig Kent
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.
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Nasrolahi A, Hosseini L, Farokhi-Sisakht F, Mahmoudi J, Karimi P, Badalzadeh R, Erfani M. Cardioprotective effect of Rosa canina L. methanolic extract on heat shock induced cardiomyocyte injury: An experimental study. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res 2020; 12:286-293. [PMID: 33510877 PMCID: PMC7828751 DOI: 10.34172/jcvtr.2020.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Overexposure to heat conditions can affect the functioning of the cardiovascular system and may promote cardiovascular disorders. Heat shock induced myocardial injury via increasing endoplasmic reticulum response-mediated apoptosis. This study investigated the impact of pretreatment with Rosa canina (RC), a natural antioxidant, on myocardial damage induced by heat stress exposure and underlying mechanisms in cardiomyocytes in rats. Methods: Sixty adult male Wistar rats were allocated into five groups, including Control: received normal saline (NS), Heat Stress (HS), and HS+RC groups. Animals in the HS groups were subjected to heat stress (43 ºC) for 15 minutes once a day for two weeks. Animals in the HS+RC groups received three doses of RC (250, 500, and 1000 mg/mL) one hour before being subjected to heat shock. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) transmembrane kinases, including PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), immunoreactivity of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha (eIF2α) as well as caspase 8 were detected by Western blot. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assessed. Moreover, histopathological changes and apoptosis were also assayed in the heart tissue by using histopathological and TUNEL assays. Results: Heat exposure increased the level of ROS and induced oxidative damage in the heart tissue. The results demonstrated that RC administration decreased the overproduction of ROS induced by heat stress in cardiomyocytes. Moreover, heat stress up regulated the expression of p-PERK, p-eIF2α,and CHOP protein while pretreatment with RC decreased expression of ER stress-related markers in cardiomyocytes. Besides, RC diminished heat stress-induced cellular damage and apoptosis associated with inhibition of caspase 8 activation, a pro-apoptotic protein in cardiomyocytes. Conclusion: These findings indicate that RC exerts a protective effect on heart tissue, at least in part,through inactivation of PERK/eIF2α/CHOP pathway or inhibition of ER stress and oxidative stress triggeredapoptosis in cardiomyocytes induced by heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Nasrolahi
- Infectious Ophthalmologic Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Pain Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Hosseini
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Physiology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Javad Mahmoudi
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Pouran Karimi
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Badalzadeh
- Department of Physiology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Marjan Erfani
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Higher Education Institute of Rabe-Rashid, Tabriz, Iran
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Zachariah M, Maamoun H, Milano L, Rayman MP, Meira LB, Agouni A. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress drive endothelial dysfunction induced by high selenium. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:4348-4359. [PMID: 33241572 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Selenium is an essential trace element important for human health. A balanced intake is, however, crucial to maximize the health benefits of selenium. At physiological concentrations, selenium mediates antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and pro-survival actions. However, supra-nutritional selenium intake was associated with increased diabetes risk leading potentially to endothelial dysfunction, the initiating step in atherosclerosis. High selenium causes apoptosis in cancer cells via endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, a mechanism also implicated in endothelial dysfunction. Nonetheless, whether ER stress drives selenium-induced endothelial dysfunction, remains unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of increasing concentrations of selenium on endothelial cells. High selenite reduced nitric oxide bioavailability and impaired angiogenesis. High selenite also induced ER stress, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and apoptosis. Pretreatment with the chemical chaperone, 4-phenylbutyrate, prevented the toxic effects of selenium. Our findings support a model where high selenite leads to endothelial dysfunction through activation of ER stress and increased ROS production. These results highlight the importance of tailoring selenium supplementation to achieve maximal health benefits and suggest that prophylactic use of selenium supplements as antioxidants may entail risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matshediso Zachariah
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Hatem Maamoun
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Larissa Milano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Margaret P Rayman
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Lisiane B Meira
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Abdelali Agouni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Morris G, Puri BK, Olive L, Carvalho A, Berk M, Walder K, Gustad LT, Maes M. Endothelial dysfunction in neuroprogressive disorders-causes and suggested treatments. BMC Med 2020; 18:305. [PMID: 33070778 PMCID: PMC7570030 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-020-01749-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Potential routes whereby systemic inflammation, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction may drive the development of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis, even in an environment of low cholesterol, are examined. MAIN TEXT Key molecular players involved in the regulation of endothelial cell function are described, including PECAM-1, VE-cadherin, VEGFRs, SFK, Rho GEF TRIO, RAC-1, ITAM, SHP-2, MAPK/ERK, STAT-3, NF-κB, PI3K/AKT, eNOS, nitric oxide, miRNAs, KLF-4 and KLF-2. The key roles of platelet activation, xanthene oxidase and myeloperoxidase in the genesis of endothelial cell dysfunction and activation are detailed. The following roles of circulating reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the development of endothelial cell dysfunction are then described: paracrine signalling by circulating hydrogen peroxide, inhibition of eNOS and increased levels of mitochondrial ROS, including compromised mitochondrial dynamics, loss of calcium ion homeostasis and inactivation of SIRT-1-mediated signalling pathways. Next, loss of cellular redox homeostasis is considered, including further aspects of the roles of hydrogen peroxide signalling, the pathological consequences of elevated NF-κB, compromised S-nitrosylation and the development of hypernitrosylation and increased transcription of atherogenic miRNAs. These molecular aspects are then applied to neuroprogressive disorders by considering the following potential generators of endothelial dysfunction and activation in major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia: NF-κB; platelet activation; atherogenic miRs; myeloperoxidase; xanthene oxidase and uric acid; and inflammation, oxidative stress, nitrosative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS Finally, on the basis of the above molecular mechanisms, details are given of potential treatment options for mitigating endothelial cell dysfunction and activation in neuroprogressive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerwyn Morris
- IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | | | - Lisa Olive
- IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Andre Carvalho
- IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Berk
- IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, the Department of Psychiatry and the Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Ken Walder
- IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Lise Tuset Gustad
- Department of Circulation and medical imaging, Norwegian University of Technology and Science (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger Hospital, Levanger, Norway
| | - Michael Maes
- IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, King Chulalongkorn University Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Osman A, Benameur T, Korashy HM, Zeidan A, Agouni A. Interplay between Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Large Extracellular Vesicles (Microparticles) in Endothelial Cell Dysfunction. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E409. [PMID: 33053883 PMCID: PMC7599704 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8100409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon increased demand for protein synthesis, accumulation of misfolded and/or unfolded proteins within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), a pro-survival response is activated termed unfolded protein response (UPR), aiming at restoring the proper function of the ER. Prolonged activation of the UPR leads, however, to ER stress, a cellular state that contributes to the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases including obesity and diabetes. ER stress response by itself can result in endothelial dysfunction, a hallmark of cardiovascular disease, through various cellular mechanisms including apoptosis, insulin resistance, inflammation and oxidative stress. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), particularly large EVs (lEVs) commonly referred to as microparticles (MPs), are membrane vesicles. They are considered as a fingerprint of their originating cells, carrying a variety of molecular components of their parent cells. lEVs are emerging as major contributors to endothelial cell dysfunction in various metabolic disease conditions. However, the mechanisms underpinning the role of lEVs in endothelial dysfunction are not fully elucidated. Recently, ER stress emerged as a bridging molecular link between lEVs and endothelial cell dysfunction. Therefore, in the current review, we summarized the roles of lEVs and ER stress in endothelial dysfunction and discussed the molecular crosstalk and relationship between ER stress and lEVs in endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Osman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (A.O.); (H.M.K.)
| | - Tarek Benameur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hesham M. Korashy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (A.O.); (H.M.K.)
| | - Asad Zeidan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar;
| | - Abdelali Agouni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (A.O.); (H.M.K.)
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Nie X, Tang W, Zhang Z, Yang C, Qian L, Xie X, Qiang E, Zhao J, Zhao W, Xiao L, Wang N. Procyanidin B2 mitigates endothelial endoplasmic reticulum stress through a PPARδ-Dependent mechanism. Redox Biol 2020; 37:101728. [PMID: 32961442 PMCID: PMC7509074 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia-induced endothelial endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is implicated in the pathophysiology of diabetes and its vascular complications. Procyanidins are enriched in many plant foods and have been demonstrated to exert several beneficial effects on diabetes, cardiovascular and other metabolic diseases. In the present study, we investigated the effect of procyanidin B2 (PCB2), the most widely distributed natural procyanidin, on ER stress evoked by high glucose in endothelial cells (ECs) and the underlying mechanisms. We showed that PCB2 mitigated the high glucose-activated ER stress pathways (PERK, IRE1α and ATF6) in human vascular ECs. In addition, we found that PCB2 attenuated endothelial ER stress via the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ). We demonstrated that PCB2 directly bound to and activated PPARδ. Conversely, GSK0660, a selective PPARδ antagonist, attenuated the suppressive effect of PCB2 on the ER stress signal pathway. Functionally, PCB2 ameliorated the high glucose-impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation in mouse aortas. The protective effect of PCB2 on vasodilation was abolished in the aortas pretreated with GSK0660 or those from the EC-specific PPARδ knockout mice. Moreover, the protective effects of PCB2 on ER stress and endothelial dysfunction required the inter-dependent actions of PPARδ and AMPK. Collectively, we demonstrated that PCB2 mitigated ER stress and ameliorated vasodilation via a PPARδ-mediated mechanism beyond its classic action as a scavenger of free radicals. These findings further highlighted the novel roles of procyanidins in intervening the ER stress and metabolic disorders related to endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Nie
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Weiqi Tang
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China; Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Zihui Zhang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Chunmiao Yang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Lei Qian
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Xinya Xie
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Erjiao Qiang
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Jingyang Zhao
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China; Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Wenfei Zhao
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Lei Xiao
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Nanping Wang
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
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Wiggenhauser LM, Kroll J. Vascular Damage in Obesity and Diabetes: Highlighting Links Between Endothelial Dysfunction and Metabolic Disease in Zebrafish and Man. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2020; 17:476-490. [PMID: 30378499 DOI: 10.2174/1570161116666181031101413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is an initial pathophysiological mechanism of vascular damage and is further recognized as an independent predictor of negative prognosis in diabetes-induced micro- and macrovascular complications. Insight into the capability of zebrafish to model metabolic disease like obesity and type II diabetes has increased and new evidence on the induction of vascular pathologies in zebrafish through metabolic disease is available. Here, we raise the question, if zebrafish can be utilized to study the initial impairments of vascular complications in metabolic disorders. In this review, we focus on the advances made to develop models of obesity and type II diabetes in zebrafish, discuss the key points and characteristics of these models, while highlighting the available information linked to the development of endothelial dysfunction in zebrafish and man. We show that larval and adult zebrafish develop metabolic dysregulation in the settings of obesity and diabetes, exhibiting pathophysiological mechanisms, which mimic the human condition. The most important genes related to endothelial dysfunction are present in zebrafish and further display similar functions as in mammals. Several suggested contributors to endothelial dysfunction found in these models, namely hyperinsulinaemia, hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia and hyperleptinaemia are highlighted and the available data from zebrafish are summarised. Many underlying processes of endothelial dysfunction in obesity and diabetes are fundamentally present in zebrafish and provide ground for the assumption, that zebrafish can develop endothelial dysfunction. Conservation of basic biological mechanisms is established for zebrafish, but focused investigation on the subject is now needed as validation and particularly more research is necessary to understand the differences between zebrafish and man. The available data demonstrate the relevance of zebrafish as a model for metabolic disease and their ability to become a proponent for the investigation of vascular damage in the settings of obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Moritz Wiggenhauser
- Department of Vascular Biology and Tumor Angiogenesis, European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jens Kroll
- Department of Vascular Biology and Tumor Angiogenesis, European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
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50
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Pan T, Zhang L, Miao K, Wang Y. A crucial role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in cellular responses during pulmonary arterial hypertension. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:1481-1490. [PMID: 32509157 PMCID: PMC7269988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a chronic and progressive disease of the lung vascular system, is characterized by vasculopathy in the pulmonary arterioles, especially in endothelial cells and pulmonary vascular smooth cells. Several mechanisms are involved in PAH occurrence and development, and all are characterized by excessive pulmonary vasoconstriction and abnormal vascular remodeling, which leads to a progressive resistance to blood flow and an increase in pulmonary artery pressure. Recent studies have shown that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is implicated in the pathophysiology of PAH. In this review, we highlight the effect of ER stress on the proliferation and apoptosis of endothelial cells and pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells, and discuss the feasibility of targeting unfolded protein response components as a strategy to reverse or alleviate the progression of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Pan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Kang Miao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China
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