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Greene ES, Ramser A, Wideman R, Bedford M, Dridi S. Dietary inclusion of phytase and stimbiotic decreases mortality and lameness in a wire ramp challenge model in broilers. Avian Pathol 2024:1-18. [PMID: 38776101 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2024.2359592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS Wire ramp model reproducibly induced lameness/BCO in broilers.Treatments did not affect growth, but phytase with stimbiotic significantly reduced BCO.Phytase increased circulating inositol, and wire flooring decreased bone inositol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth S Greene
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, Arkansas, USA
| | - Alison Ramser
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, Arkansas, USA
| | - Robert Wideman
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, Arkansas, USA
| | | | - Sami Dridi
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, Arkansas, USA
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2
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Huang Y, Ge R, Qian J, Lu J, Qiao D, Chen R, Jiang H, Cui D, Zhang T, Wang N, He S, Wang M, Yan F. Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG Improves Periodontal Bone Repair via Gut-Blood Axis in Hyperlipidemia. J Dent Res 2024; 103:253-262. [PMID: 38197171 DOI: 10.1177/00220345231217402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontal bone regeneration remains a clinical challenge, and hyperlipidemia can aggravate alveolar bone resorption. Probiotics have recently been reported to improve bone mass. We aimed to determine the role of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) in periodontal bone regeneration improvement within the context of periodontitis with hyperlipidemia. A Sprague Dawley rat model for periodontitis, hyperlipidemia, and periodontal fenestration defect was constructed (n = 36) and administered LGG gavage for 6 wk (the rats were subsequently sacrificed). Fecal microbiota from donor rats 3 wk after LGG gavage was transplanted into recipient rats to evaluate the role of LGG-modulated gut microbiota in periodontal bone regeneration. Regenerated bone mass was detected using micro-computerized tomography and hematoxylin and eosin stain. Gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Serum metabolites were detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (6 wk after LGG gavage). The pro-osteogenic effects of screened serum metabolite were verified in vitro on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs). We found that the bone mineral density, bone volume (BV), trabecular bone volume fraction (BV/TV), and trabecular thickness of the regenerated periodontal bone increased after LGG gavage (P < 0.05) but had little effect on oral flora. After LGG gavage, Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, and Collinsella in the gut of donors were significantly changed, and these differences were maintained in recipients, who also showed increased trabecular thickness of the regenerated periodontal bone (P < 0.05). These key genera were correlated with BV/TV and BV (P < 0.05). In addition, LGG gavage significantly regulated bone-related blood metabolites, of which selenomethionine promoted BMMSC osteogenesis. Notably, selenomethionine was associated with key gut genera (P < 0.05). Collectively, LGG improved periodontal bone regeneration in the context of periodontitis with hyperlipidemia by modulating gut microbiota and increasing pro-osteogenic metabolites in the blood. These results reveal new insights into the use of probiotics to promote periodontal bone regeneration via the gut-blood-bone axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Huang
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Periodontology, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - R Ge
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - J Qian
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - J Lu
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - D Qiao
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - R Chen
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - H Jiang
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Stomatology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - D Cui
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - T Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - N Wang
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - S He
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - M Wang
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - F Yan
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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3
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Şimşek Kuş N. Biological Properties of Cyclitols and Their Derivatives. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301064. [PMID: 37824100 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Cyclitols are polyhydroxy cycloalkanes, each containing at least three hydroxyls attached to a different ring carbon atom. The most important cyclitol derivatives are inositols, quercitols, conduritols and pinitols, which form a group of naturally occurring polyhydric alcohols and are widely found in plants. In addition, synthetic production of cyclitols has gained importance in recent years. Cylitols are molecules synthesized in plants as a precaution against salt or water stress. They have important functions in cell functioning as they exhibit important properties such as membrane biogenesis, ion channel physiology, signal transduction, osmoregulation, phosphate storage, cell wall formation and antioxidant activity. The biological activities of these very important molecules, obtained both synthetically and from the extraction of plants, are described in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nermin Şimşek Kuş
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Mersin University, Yenişehir, Mersin, Turkey
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4
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Wu M, Du Y, Zhang C, Li Z, Li Q, Qi E, Ruan W, Feng S, Zhou H. Mendelian Randomization Study of Lipid Metabolites Reveals Causal Associations with Heel Bone Mineral Density. Nutrients 2023; 15:4160. [PMID: 37836445 PMCID: PMC10574167 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis, which is a bone disease, is characterized by low bone mineral density and an increased risk of fractures. The heel bone mineral density is often used as a representative measure of overall bone mineral density. Lipid metabolism, which includes processes such as fatty acid metabolism, glycerol metabolism, inositol metabolism, bile acid metabolism, carnitine metabolism, ketone body metabolism, sterol and steroid metabolism, etc., may have an impact on changes in bone mineral density. While some studies have reported correlations between lipid metabolism and heel bone mineral density, the overall causal relationship between metabolites and heel bone mineral density remains unclear. OBJECTIVE to investigate the causal relationship between lipid metabolites and heel bone mineral density using two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. METHODS Summary-level data from large-scale genome-wide association studies were extracted to identify genetic variants linked to lipid metabolite levels. These genetic variants were subsequently employed as instrumental variables in Mendelian randomization analysis to estimate the causal effects of each lipid metabolite on heel bone mineral density. Furthermore, metabolites that could potentially be influenced by causal relationships with bone mineral density were extracted from the KEGG and WikiPathways databases. The causal associations between these downstream metabolites and heel bone mineral density were then examined. Lastly, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate the robustness of the results and address potential sources of bias. RESULTS A total of 130 lipid metabolites were analyzed, and it was found that acetylcarnitine, propionylcarnitine, hexadecanedioate, tetradecanedioate, myo-inositol, 1-arachidonoylglycerophosphorine, 1-linoleoylglycerophoethanolamine, and epiandrosterone sulfate had a causal relationship with heel bone mineral density (p < 0.05). Furthermore, our findings also indicate an absence of causal association between the downstream metabolites associated with the aforementioned metabolites identified in the KEGG and WikiPathways databases and heel bone mineral density. CONCLUSION This work supports the hypothesis that lipid metabolites have an impact on bone health through demonstrating a causal relationship between specific lipid metabolites and heel bone mineral density. This study has significant implications for the development of new strategies to osteoporosis prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxin Wu
- National Spinal Cord Injury International Cooperation Base, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yufei Du
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Zhen Li
- National Spinal Cord Injury International Cooperation Base, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Qingyang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Enlin Qi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Wendong Ruan
- National Spinal Cord Injury International Cooperation Base, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Shiqing Feng
- National Spinal Cord Injury International Cooperation Base, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300070, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Hengxing Zhou
- National Spinal Cord Injury International Cooperation Base, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300070, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250013, China
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Lim SM, Choi DS, Chung MN, Lee JS, Kang YS, Choi KH, Moon JY, Nam SS, Jung MY. High impacts of cultivar and home-cooking practice on the content of free myo-inositol, a bioavailable health-promoting cyclitol, in sweet potato. J Food Sci 2023; 88:772-783. [PMID: 36633256 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Free myo-inositol is a bioavailable form of a cyclitol having various health-promoting activities. The impact of cultivar and home-cooking practice on the content of free myo-inositol in sweet potatoes (12 cultivars grown in 2 different locations) was studied. A GC-MS/MS method following in situ trimethylsilylation was established and validated to determine free myo-inositol. The established analytical method was sensitive, precise, and accurate. It was found that free myo-inositol content in sweet potato varied greatly (sevenfolds) with cultivar, ranging from 377.1 to 2628.3 mg/kg dw. A cultivar Poongwon-mi was found to be an exceptionally rich source of free myo-inositol (2628.3 mg/kg dw). Home-cooking practice markedly increased free myo-inositol content (maximum 240%). Baking showed the highest impact on the increase in free myo-inositol, followed by steaming, microwave cooking, and boiling, in decreasing order. This represents the first report of the remarkably high impact of cultivar and home-cooking practice on the free myo-inositol content in sweet potato. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The free myo-inositol content in sweet potato varied greatly with the cultivars. Poongwon-mi contained a surprisingly high content of free myo-inositol. Home-cooking dramatically increased the free myo-inositol content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Min Lim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School, Woosuk University, Wanju-gun Jeonbuk Province, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Seong Choi
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School, Woosuk University, Wanju-gun Jeonbuk Province, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Nam Chung
- Bioenergy Crop Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Muan, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Sun Lee
- Chungbuk Agricultural Research & Extension Services, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sik Kang
- Chungnam Agricultural Research & Extension Services, Yesan Chungcheong, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Hwan Choi
- Jeonbuk Agricultural Research & Extension Services, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Young Moon
- Gyeongnam Agricultural Research & Extension Services, Jinju Gyeongsang, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Sik Nam
- Bioenergy Crop Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Muan, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Mun Yhung Jung
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School, Woosuk University, Wanju-gun Jeonbuk Province, Republic of Korea
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6
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Su XB, Ko ALA, Saiardi A. Regulations of myo-inositol homeostasis: Mechanisms, implications, and perspectives. Adv Biol Regul 2023; 87:100921. [PMID: 36272917 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2022.100921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorylation is the most common module of cellular signalling pathways. The dynamic nature of phosphorylation, which is conferred by the balancing acts of kinases and phosphatases, allows this modification to finely control crucial cellular events such as growth, differentiation, and cell cycle progression. Although most research to date has focussed on protein phosphorylation, non-protein phosphorylation substrates also play vital roles in signal transduction. The most well-established substrate of non-protein phosphorylation is inositol, whose phosphorylation generates many important signalling molecules such as the second messenger IP3, a key factor in calcium signalling. A fundamental question to our understanding of inositol phosphorylation is how the levels of cellular inositol are controlled. While the availability of protein phosphorylation substrates is known to be readily controlled at the levels of transcription, translation, and/or protein degradation, the regulatory mechanisms that control the uptake, synthesis, and removal of inositol are underexplored. Potentially, such mechanisms serve as an important layer of regulation of cellular signal transduction pathways. There are two ways in which mammalian cells acquire inositol. The historic use of radioactive 3H-myo-inositol revealed that inositol is promptly imported from the extracellular environment by three specific symporters SMIT1/2, and HMIT, coupling sodium or proton entry, respectively. Inositol can also be synthesized de novo from glucose-6P, thanks to the enzymatic activity of ISYNA1. Intriguingly, emerging evidence suggests that in mammalian cells, de novo myo-inositol synthesis occurs irrespective of inositol availability in the environment, prompting the question of whether the two sources of inositol go through independent metabolic pathways, thus serving distinct functions. Furthermore, the metabolic stability of myo-inositol, coupled with the uptake and endogenous synthesis, determines that there must be exit pathways to remove this extraordinary sugar from the cells to maintain its homeostasis. This essay aims to review our current knowledge of myo-inositol homeostatic metabolism, since they are critical to the signalling events played by its phosphorylated forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Bessie Su
- Medical Research Council, Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - An-Li Andrea Ko
- Medical Research Council, Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Adolfo Saiardi
- Medical Research Council, Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
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7
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Zhang Q, Wang X, Luo H, Wang Y, Wang Y, Tu T, Qin X, Su X, Huang H, Yao B, Bai Y, Zhang J. Metabolic engineering of Pichia pastoris for myo-inositol production by dynamic regulation of central metabolism. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:112. [PMID: 35659241 PMCID: PMC9166411 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01837-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The methylotrophic budding yeast Pichia pastoris GS115 is a powerful expression system and hundreds of heterologous proteins have been successfully expressed in this strain. Recently, P. pastoris has also been exploited as an attractive cell factory for the production of high-value biochemicals due to Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) status and high growth rate of this yeast strain. However, appropriate regulation of metabolic flux distribution between cell growth and product biosynthesis is still a cumbersome task for achieving efficient biochemical production. RESULTS In this study, P. pastoris was exploited for high inositol production using an effective dynamic regulation strategy. Through enhancing native inositol biosynthesis pathway, knocking out inositol transporters, and slowing down carbon flux of glycolysis, an inositol-producing mutant was successfully developed and low inositol production of 0.71 g/L was obtained. The inositol production was further improved by 12.7% through introduction of heterologous inositol-3-phosphate synthase (IPS) and inositol monophosphatase (IMP) which catalyzed the rate-limiting steps for inositol biosynthesis. To control metabolic flux distribution between cell growth and inositol production, the promoters of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (ZWF), glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (PGI) and 6-phosphofructokinase (PFK1) genes were replaced with a glycerol inducible promoter. Consequently, the mutant strain could be switched from growth mode to production mode by supplementing glycerol and glucose sequentially, leading to an increase of about 4.9-fold in inositol formation. Ultimately, the dissolved oxygen condition in high-cell-density fermentation was optimized, resulting in a high production of 30.71 g/L inositol (~ 40-fold higher than the baseline strain). CONCLUSIONS The GRAS P. pastoris was engineered as an efficient inositol producer for the first time. Dynamic regulation of cell growth and inositol production was achieved via substrate-dependent modulation of glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathways and the highest inositol titer reported to date by a yeast cell factory was obtained. Results from this study provide valuable guidance for engineering of P. pastoris for the production of other high-value bioproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiquan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian district, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaolu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian district, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Huiying Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian district, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yaru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian district, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian district, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Tao Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian district, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xing Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian district, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaoyun Su
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian district, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Huoqing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian district, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Bin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian district, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yingguo Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian district, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian district, Beijing, 100193, China.
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DiNicolantonio JJ, H O'Keefe J. Myo-inositol for insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome and gestational diabetes. Open Heart 2022; 9:openhrt-2022-001989. [PMID: 35236761 PMCID: PMC8896029 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2022-001989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- James J DiNicolantonio
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, Saint Lukes Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - James H O'Keefe
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, Saint Lukes Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
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9
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Li X, Wang Y, Gao M, Bao B, Cao Y, Cheng F, Zhang L, Li Z, Shan J, Yao W. Metabolomics-driven of relationships among kidney, bone marrow and bone of rats with postmenopausal osteoporosis. Bone 2022; 156:116306. [PMID: 34963648 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As a global public health problem, postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) poses a great threat to old women's health. Bone is the target organ of PMOP, and the dynamic changes of bone marrow could affect the bone status. Kidney is the main organ regulating calcium and phosphorus homeostasis. Kidney, bone marrow and bone play crucial roles in PMOP, but the relationships of the three tissues in the disease have not been completely described. Here, metabolomics was employed to investigate the disease mechanism of PMOP from the perspectives of kidney, bone marrow and bone, and the relationships among the three tissues were also discussed. Six-month-old female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into ovariectomized (OVX) group (with bilateral ovariectomy) and sham group (with sham surgery). 13 weeks after surgery, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was performed to analyze the metabolic profiling of two groups. Multivariate statistical analysis revealed that the number of differential metabolites in kidney, bone marrow and bone between the two groups were 37, 16 and 17, respectively. The common differential metabolites of the three tissues were N-methyl-L-alanine. Kidney and bone marrow had common differential metabolites, including N-methyl-L-alanine, 2-hydroxybutyric acid, (R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyric acid, βHBA), urea and dodecanoic acid. There were three common differential metabolites between kidney and bone, including N-methyl-L-alanine, α-tocopherol and isofucostanol. The common differential metabolite of bone marrow and bone was N-methyl-L-alanine. Some common metabolic pathways were disturbed in multiple tissues of OVX rats, such as glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, purine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis and fatty acid biosynthesis. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that profound metabolic changes have taken place in the kidney, bone marrow and bone, involving common differential metabolites and metabolic pathways. The evaluation of differential metabolites strengthened the understanding of the kidney-bone axis and the metabolic relationships among the three tissues of OVX rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Mengting Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Beihua Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yudan Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Fangfang Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Zhipeng Li
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210009, PR China.
| | - Jinjun Shan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Weifeng Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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10
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Nenseth HZ, Sahu A, Saatcioglu F, Osguthorpe S. A Nutraceutical Formula Is Effective in Raising the Circulating Vitamin and Mineral Levels in Healthy Subjects: A Randomized Trial. Front Nutr 2021; 8:703394. [PMID: 34540877 PMCID: PMC8440802 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.703394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Low levels of nutrient intake are common in industrialized countries. This has negative implications on health and is associated with chronic diseases. Supplementation of vitamins, minerals, and key nutrients to optimal levels may, therefore, be beneficial for individual health and for the health economy. Although the use of supplements has become very common, due to a lack of monitoring, there is very limited data on the efficacy of supplementation with different formulas. In this study, we present the results of a randomized controlled study on the efficacy of a novel formulated nutraceutical, N247, in 250 healthy volunteers aged 26-75 years and a placebo control group (n = 35). The broad-spectrum formulation of N247 includes essential vitamins, minerals, and trace elements that are adequately balanced in regard to synergies and related metabolic functions. Moreover, tolerance, safety, and nutrient availability is an important aspect of daily, long-term use of N247. After 3 months of regular N247 use, levels of vitamins and minerals in serum were significantly increased in the N247 group compared with the control group and a placebo group, with excellent compliance rates. Coupled with additional natural ingredients that aim to increase the potency of the nutrients, N247 may represent a novel and beneficial supplement for individuals with nutritional deficiencies. Clinical Trial Registration:https://clinicaltrials.gov/, identifier: NCT04054505.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aparna Sahu
- Turiyan Psyneuronics Pvt. Ltd, Bangalore, India
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11
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Lepore E, Lauretta R, Bianchini M, Mormando M, Di Lorenzo C, Unfer V. Inositols Depletion and Resistance: Principal Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6796. [PMID: 34202683 PMCID: PMC8268915 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inositols are natural molecules involved in several biochemical and metabolic functions in different organs and tissues. The term "inositols" refers to five natural stereoisomers, among which myo-Inositol (myo-Ins) is the most abundant one. Several mechanisms contribute to regulate cellular and tissue homeostasis of myo-Ins levels, including its endogenous synthesis and catabolism, transmembrane transport, intestinal adsorption and renal excretion. Alterations in these mechanisms can lead to a reduction of inositols levels, exposing patient to several pathological conditions, such as Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), hypothyroidism, hormonal and metabolic imbalances, like weight gain, hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome. Indeed, myo-Ins is involved in different physiological processes as a key player in signal pathways, including reproductive, hormonal, and metabolic modulation. Genetic mutations in genes codifying for proteins of myo-Ins synthesis and transport, competitive processes with structurally similar molecules, and the administration of specific drugs that cause a central depletion of myo-Ins as a therapeutic outcome, can lead to a reduction of inositols levels. A deeper knowledge of the main mechanisms involved in cellular inositols depletion may add new insights for developing tailored therapeutic approaches and shaping the dosages and the route of administration, with the aim to develop efficacious and safe approaches counteracting inositols depletion-induced pathological events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Lepore
- R&D Department, Lo.Li. Pharma, 00156 Rome, Italy;
| | - Rosa Lauretta
- Oncological Endocrinology Unit IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00128 Rome, Italy; (R.L.); (M.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Marta Bianchini
- Oncological Endocrinology Unit IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00128 Rome, Italy; (R.L.); (M.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Marilda Mormando
- Oncological Endocrinology Unit IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00128 Rome, Italy; (R.L.); (M.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Cherubino Di Lorenzo
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, La Sapienza University Polo Pontino, 04100 Latina, Italy;
- The Experts Group on Inositol in Basic and Clinical Research (EGOI), 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Vittorio Unfer
- The Experts Group on Inositol in Basic and Clinical Research (EGOI), 00161 Rome, Italy
- System Biology Group Lab, 00161 Rome, Italy
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12
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Blood myo-inositol concentrations in preterm and term infants. J Perinatol 2021; 41:247-254. [PMID: 32934363 PMCID: PMC7889639 DOI: 10.1038/s41372-020-00799-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe relationship between cord blood (representing fetal) myo-inositol concentrations and gestational age (GA) and to determine trends of blood concentrations in enterally and parenterally fed infants from birth to 70 days of age. DESIGN/METHODS Samples were collected in 281 fed or unfed infants born in 2005 and 2006. Myo-inositol concentrations were displayed in scatter plots and analyzed with linear regression models of natural log-transformed values. RESULTS In 441 samples obtained from 281 infants, myo-inositol concentrations varied from nondetectable to 1494 μmol/L. Cord myo-inositol concentrations decreased an estimated 11.9% per week increase in GA. Postnatal myo-inositol concentrations decreased an estimated 14.3% per week increase in postmenstrual age (PMA) and were higher for enterally fed infants compared to unfed infants (51% increase for fed vs. unfed infants). CONCLUSIONS Fetal myo-inositol concentrations decreased with increasing GA. Postnatal concentrations decreased with increasing PMA and were higher among enterally fed than unfed infants.
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13
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Xu J, Liu G, Hegde SM, Palta P, Boerwinkle E, Gabriel KP, Yu B. Physical Activity-Related Metabolites Are Associated with Mortality: Findings from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11010059. [PMID: 33477977 PMCID: PMC7835806 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Habitual physical activity can diminish the risk of premature death. Identifying a pattern of metabolites related to physical activity may advance our understanding of disease etiology. We quantified 245 serum metabolites in 3802 participants from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study using chromatography-mass spectrometry. We regressed self-reported moderate-to-vigorous intensity leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) against each metabolite, adjusting for traditional risk factors. A standardized metabolite risk score (MRS) was constructed to examine its association with all-cause mortality using the Cox proportional hazard model. We identified 10 metabolites associated with LTPA (p < 2.04 × 10-4) and established that an increase of one unit of the metabolic equivalent of task-hours per week (MET·hr·wk-1) in LTPA was associated with a 0.012 SD increase in MRS. During a median of 27.5 years of follow-up, we observed 1928 deaths. One SD increase of MRS was associated with a 10% lower risk of death (HR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.85-0.95). The highest vs. the lowest MRS quintile rank was associated with a 22% reduced risk of death (HR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.62-0.94). The effects were consistent across race and sex groups. In summary, we identified a set of metabolites associated with LTPA and an MRS associated with a lower risk of death. Our study provides novel insights into the potential mechanisms underlying the health impacts of physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.X.); (G.L.); (E.B.)
| | - Guning Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.X.); (G.L.); (E.B.)
| | - Sheila M. Hegde
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Priya Palta
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.X.); (G.L.); (E.B.)
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Balor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kelley P. Gabriel
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Bing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.X.); (G.L.); (E.B.)
- Correspondence:
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14
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Zito G, Della Corte L, Giampaolino P, Terzic M, Terzic S, Di Guardo F, Ricci G, Della Pietà I, Maso G, Garzon S. Gestational diabetes mellitus: Prevention, diagnosis and treatment. A fresh look to a busy corner. J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2020; 13:529-541. [PMID: 31903997 DOI: 10.3233/npm-190305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy complication characterized by hyperglycaemia with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. Risk factors include family history of diabetes, previous GDM, genetic predisposition for GDM/type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance conditions such as overweight, obesity and ethnicity. Women with GDM are at high risk for fetal macrosomia, small for gestational age, neonatal hypoglycaemia, operative delivery and caesarean delivery. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize the most recent findings of diagnosis and treatment of GDM in order to underline the importance to promote adequate prevention of this disease, especially through lifestyle interventions such as diet and physical activity. METHODS The research was conducted using the following electronic databases, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, ClinicalTrial.gov, OVID and Cochrane Library, including all published randomized and non-randomized studies as well as narrative and systematic reviews. RESULTS The lack of universally accepted criteria makes the definition of diagnosis and prognosis of this condition difficult. Early diagnosis and glucose blood level control may improve maternal and fetal short and long-term outcomes. Treatment strategies include nutritional interventions and exercise. Medical treatment can be necessary if these strategies are not effective. Moreover, novel non-pharmacologic agents such as myo-inositol seem to be effective and safe both in the prevention and the treatment of GDM. CONCLUSIONS It is important to promote adequate prevention of GDM. Further studies are needed in order to better define the most appropriate strategies for the clinical management of women affected by GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zito
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - L Della Corte
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - P Giampaolino
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - M Terzic
- Department of Medicine, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Astana, Kazakhstan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Research Center of Mother and Child Health, University Medical Center, Astana, Kazakhstan.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - S Terzic
- Department of Medicine, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - F Di Guardo
- Department of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - G Ricci
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy.,Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - I Della Pietà
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - G Maso
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - S Garzon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Filippo Del Ponte" Hospital, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
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15
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D'Souza SW, Copp AJ, Greene NDE, Glazier JD. Maternal Inositol Status and Neural Tube Defects: A Role for the Human Yolk Sac in Embryonic Inositol Delivery? Adv Nutr 2020; 12:212-222. [PMID: 32892218 PMCID: PMC7849949 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Supplementation with myo-inositol during the periconceptional period of pregnancy may ameliorate the recurrence risk of having a fetus affected by a neural tube defect (NTD; e.g., spina bifida). This could be of particular importance in providing a means for preventing NTDs that are unresponsive to folic acid. This review highlights the characteristics of inositol and describes the role of myo-inositol in the prevention of NTDs in rodent studies and the evidence for its efficacy in reducing NTD risk in human pregnancy. The possible reduction in NTD risk by maternal myo-inositol implies functional and developmentally important maternal-embryonic inositol interrelationships and also suggests that embryonic uptake of myo-inositol is crucial for embryonic development. The establishment of active myo-inositol cellular uptake mechanisms in the embryonic stages of human pregnancy, when the neural tube is closing, is likely to be an important determinant of normal development. We draw attention to the generation of materno-fetal inositol concentration gradients and relationships, and outline a transport pathway by which myo-inositol may be delivered to the early developing human embryo. These considerations provide novel insights into the mechanisms that may underpin inositol's ability to confer embryonic developmental benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen W D'Souza
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, St. Mary's Hospital, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J Copp
- Newlife Birth Defects Research Centre, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas D E Greene
- Newlife Birth Defects Research Centre, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
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16
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Gyimesi G, Pujol-Giménez J, Kanai Y, Hediger MA. Sodium-coupled glucose transport, the SLC5 family, and therapeutically relevant inhibitors: from molecular discovery to clinical application. Pflugers Arch 2020; 472:1177-1206. [PMID: 32767111 PMCID: PMC7462921 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-020-02433-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sodium glucose transporters (SGLTs) belong to the mammalian solute carrier family SLC5. This family includes 12 different members in human that mediate the transport of sugars, vitamins, amino acids, or smaller organic ions such as choline. The SLC5 family belongs to the sodium symporter family (SSS), which encompasses transporters from all kingdoms of life. It furthermore shares similarity to the structural fold of the APC (amino acid-polyamine-organocation) transporter family. Three decades after the first molecular identification of the intestinal Na+-glucose cotransporter SGLT1 by expression cloning, many new discoveries have evolved, from mechanistic analysis to molecular genetics, structural biology, drug discovery, and clinical applications. All of these advances have greatly influenced physiology and medicine. While SGLT1 is essential for fast absorption of glucose and galactose in the intestine, the expression of SGLT2 is largely confined to the early part of the kidney proximal tubules, where it reabsorbs the bulk part of filtered glucose. SGLT2 has been successfully exploited by the pharmaceutical industry to develop effective new drugs for the treatment of diabetic patients. These SGLT2 inhibitors, termed gliflozins, also exhibit favorable nephroprotective effects and likely also cardioprotective effects. In addition, given the recent finding that SGLT2 is also expressed in tumors of pancreas and prostate and in glioblastoma, this opens the door to potential new therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment by specifically targeting SGLT2. Likewise, further discoveries related to the functional association of other SGLTs of the SLC5 family to human pathologies will open the door to potential new therapeutic strategies. We furthermore hope that the herein summarized information about the physiological roles of SGLTs and the therapeutic benefits of the gliflozins will be useful for our readers to better understand the molecular basis of the beneficial effects of these inhibitors, also in the context of the tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF), and the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). The detailed mechanisms underlying the clinical benefits of SGLT2 inhibition by gliflozins still warrant further investigation that may serve as a basis for future drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergely Gyimesi
- Membrane Transport Discovery Lab, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, and Department of Biomedical Research, Inselspital, University of Bern, Kinderklinik, Office D845, Freiburgstrasse 15, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jonai Pujol-Giménez
- Membrane Transport Discovery Lab, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, and Department of Biomedical Research, Inselspital, University of Bern, Kinderklinik, Office D845, Freiburgstrasse 15, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yoshikatsu Kanai
- Department of Bio-system Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Matthias A Hediger
- Membrane Transport Discovery Lab, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, and Department of Biomedical Research, Inselspital, University of Bern, Kinderklinik, Office D845, Freiburgstrasse 15, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland.
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17
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Benvenga S, Micali A, Pallio G, Vita R, Malta C, Puzzolo D, Irrera N, Squadrito F, Altavilla D, Minutoli L. Effects of Myo-inositol Alone and in Combination with Seleno-Lmethionine on Cadmium-Induced Testicular Damage in Mice. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2020; 12:311-323. [PMID: 31250768 DOI: 10.2174/1874467212666190620143303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium (Cd) impairs gametogenesis and damages the blood-testis barrier. OBJECTIVE As the primary mechanism of Cd-induced damage is oxidative stress, the effects of two natural antioxidants, myo-inositol (MI) and seleno-L-methionine (Se), were evaluated in mice testes. METHODS Eighty-four male C57 BL/6J mice were divided into twelve groups: 0.9% NaCl (vehicle; 1 ml/kg/day i.p.); Se (0.2 mg/kg/day per os); Se (0.4 mg/kg/day per os); MI (360 mg/kg/day per os); MI plus Se (0.2 mg/kg/day); MI plus Se (0.4 mg/kg/day); CdCl2 (2 mg/kg/day i.p.) plus vehicle; CdCl2 plus MI; CdCl2 plus Se (0.2 mg/kg/day); CdCl2 plus Se (0.4 mg/kg/day); CdCl2 plus MI plus Se (0.2 mg/kg/day); and CdCl2 plus MI plus Se (0.4 mg/kg/day). After 14 days, testes were processed for biochemical, structural and immunohistochemical analyses. RESULTS CdCl2 increased iNOS and TNF-α expression and Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, lowered glutathione (GSH) and testosterone, induced testicular lesions, and almost eliminated claudin-11 immunoreactivity. Se administration at 0.2 or 0.4 mg/kg significantly reduced iNOS and TNF-α expression, maintained GSH, MDA and testosterone levels, structural changes and low claudin-11 immunoreactivity. MI alone or associated with Se at 0.2 or 0.4 mg/kg significantly reduced iNOS and TNF-α expression and MDA levels, increased GSH and testosterone levels, ameliorated structural organization and increased claudin-11 patches number. CONCLUSION We demonstrated a protective effect of MI, a minor role of Se and an evident positive role of the association between MI and Se on Cd-induced damages of the testis. MI alone or associated with Se might protect testes in subjects exposed to toxicants, at least to those with behavior similar to Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Benvenga
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital "G. Martino", Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Micali
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University Hospital "G. Martino", Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pallio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital "G. Martino", Messina, Italy
| | - Roberto Vita
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital "G. Martino", Messina, Italy
| | - Consuelo Malta
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University Hospital "G. Martino", Messina, Italy
| | - Domenico Puzzolo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University Hospital "G. Martino", Messina, Italy
| | - Natasha Irrera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital "G. Martino", Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Squadrito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital "G. Martino", Messina, Italy
| | - Domenica Altavilla
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University Hospital "G. Martino", Messina, Italy
| | - Letteria Minutoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital "G. Martino", Messina, Italy
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18
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Gonzalez-Uarquin F, Rodehutscord M, Huber K. Myo-inositol: its metabolism and potential implications for poultry nutrition-a review. Poult Sci 2019; 99:893-905. [PMID: 32036985 PMCID: PMC7587644 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2019.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Myo-inositol (MI) has gained relevance in physiology research during the last decade. As a constituent of animal cells, MI was proven to be crucial in several metabolic and regulatory processes. Myo-inositol is involved in lipid signaling, osmolarity, glucose, and insulin metabolism. In humans and rodents, dietary MI was assessed to be important for health so that MI supplementation appeared to be a valuable alternative for treatment of several diseases as well as for improvements in metabolic performance. In poultry, there is a lack of evidence not only related to specific species-linked metabolic processes but also about the effects of dietary MI on performance and health. This review intends to provide information about the meaning of dietary MI in animal metabolism as well as to discuss potential implications of dietary MI in poultry health and performance with the aim to identify open questions in poultry research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Markus Rodehutscord
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Korinna Huber
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
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19
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Inositols' Importance in the Improvement of the Endocrine-Metabolic Profile in PCOS. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225787. [PMID: 31752081 PMCID: PMC6888190 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common causes of infertility and metabolic problems among women of reproductive age. The mechanism of PCOS is associated with concurrent alterations at the hormonal level. The diagnosis assumes the occurrence of three interrelated symptoms of varying severity, namely ovulation disorders, androgen excess, or polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM), which all require a proper therapeutic approach. The main symptom seems to be an increased androgen concentration, which in turn may contribute to different metabolic disorders. A number of papers have demonstrated the significant role of inositol therapy in PCOS. However, there is a lack of detailed discussion about the importance of myo-inositol (MI) and d-chiro-inositol (DCI) in reference to particular symptoms. Thus, the aim of this review is to present the effectiveness of MI and DCI treatment for PCOS symptoms. Moreover, the review is focused on analyzing the use of inositols, taking into account their physiological properties, together with the mechanism of individual PCOS symptom formation.
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20
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Polygenic risk score for disability and insights into disability-related molecular mechanisms. GeroScience 2019; 41:881-893. [PMID: 31707593 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-019-00125-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Late life disability is a highly devastating condition affecting 20% or more of persons aged 65 years and older in the USA; it is an important determinant of acute medical and long-term care costs which represent a growing burden on national economies. Disability is a multifactorial trait that contributes substantially to decline of health/wellbeing. Accordingly, gaining insights into the genetics of disability could help in identifying molecular mechanisms of this devastating condition and age-related processes contributing to a large fraction of specific geriatric conditions, concordantly with geroscience. We performed a genome-wide association study of disability in a sample of 24,068 subjects from five studies with 12,550 disabled individuals. We identified 30 promising disability-associated polymorphisms in 19 loci at p < 10-4; four of them attained suggestive significance, p < 10-5. In contrast, polygenic risk scores aggregating effects of minor alleles of independent SNPs that were adversely or beneficially associated with disability showed highly significant associations in meta-analysis, p = 3.13 × 10-45 and p = 5.60 × 10-23, respectively, and were replicated in each study. The analysis of genetic pathways, related diseases, and biological functions supported the connections of genes for the identified SNPs with disabling and age-related conditions primarily through oxidative/nitrosative stress, inflammatory response, and ciliary signaling. We identified musculoskeletal system development, maintenance, and regeneration as important components of gene functions. The beneficial and adverse gene sets may be differently implicated in the development of musculoskeletal-related disability with the beneficial set characterized, e.g., by regulation of chondrocyte proliferation and bone formation, and the adverse set by inflammation and bone loss.
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Garzon S, Laganà AS, Monastra G. Risk of reduced intestinal absorption of myo-inositol caused by D-chiro-inositol or by glucose transporter inhibitors. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2019; 15:697-703. [DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2019.1651839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Garzon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Filippo Del Ponte” Hospital, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Antonio Simone Laganà
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Filippo Del Ponte” Hospital, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Giovanni Monastra
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Pallio G, Micali A, Benvenga S, Antonelli A, Marini HR, Puzzolo D, Macaione V, Trichilo V, Santoro G, Irrera N, Squadrito F, Altavilla D, Minutoli L. Myo-inositol in the protection from cadmium-induced toxicity in mice kidney: An emerging nutraceutical challenge. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 132:110675. [PMID: 31306689 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) induces functional and morphological changes in kidney. Therefore, the effects of a natural nutraceutical antioxidant, myo-inositol (MI), were evaluated in mice kidneys after Cd challenge. Twenty-eight C57 BL/6 J mice were divided into these groups: 0.9% NaCl; MI (360 mg/kg/day); CdCl2 (2 mg/kg/day) plus vehicle; CdCl2 (2 mg/kg/day) plus MI (360 mg/kg/day). After 14 days, kidneys were processed for structural, biochemical and morphometric evaluation. Treatment with CdCl2 increased urea nitrogen and creatinine in serum and augmented tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. Furthermore, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and myo-inositol oxygenase (MIOX) immunoreactivity, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) positive cells number were significantly higher than control and MI groups. Glutathione (GSH) content and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity were reduced and structural changes were evident. The treatment with MI significantly lowered urea nitrogen and creatinine levels, TNF-α and iNOS expression, MCP-1, KIM-1 and MIOX immunoreactivity and TUNEL positive cells number, increased GSH content and GPx activity and preserved kidney morphology. A protection of MI against Cd-induced damages in mice kidney was demonstrated, suggesting a strong antioxidant role of this nutraceutical against environmental Cd harmful effects on kidney lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Pallio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98121, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Micali
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98121, Messina, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Benvenga
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98121, Messina, Italy
| | - Alessandro Antonelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Herbert R Marini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98121, Messina, Italy
| | - Domenico Puzzolo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98121, Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Macaione
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98121, Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Trichilo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98121, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Santoro
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98121, Messina, Italy
| | - Natasha Irrera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98121, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Squadrito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98121, Messina, Italy
| | - Domenica Altavilla
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98121, Messina, Italy
| | - Letteria Minutoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98121, Messina, Italy
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Wang Z, Ishihara Y, Ishikawa T, Hoshijima M, Odagaki N, Ei Hsu Hlaing E, Kamioka H. Screening of key candidate genes and pathways for osteocytes involved in the differential response to different types of mechanical stimulation using a bioinformatics analysis. J Bone Miner Metab 2019; 37:614-626. [PMID: 30413886 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-018-0963-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to predict the key genes and pathways that are activated when different types of mechanical loading are applied to osteocytes. mRNA expression datasets (series number of GSE62128 and GSE42874) were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO). High gravity-treated osteocytic MLO-Y4 cell-line samples from GSE62128 (Set1), and fluid flow-treated MLO-Y4 samples from GSE42874 (Set2) were employed. After identifying the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), functional enrichment was performed. The common DEGs between Set1 and Set2 were considered as key DEGs, then a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the minimal nodes from all of the DEGs in Set1 and Set2, which linked most of the key DEGs. Several open source software programs were employed to process and analyze the original data. The bioinformatic results and the biological meaning were validated by in vitro experiments. High gravity and fluid flow induced opposite expression trends in the key DEGs. The hypoxia-related biological process and signaling pathway were the common functional enrichment terms among the DEGs from Set1, Set2 and the PPI network. The expression of almost all the key DEGs (Pdk1, Ccng2, Eno2, Egln1, Higd1a, Slc5a3 and Mxi1) were mechano-sensitive. Eno2 was identified as the hub gene in the PPI network. Eno2 knockdown results in expression changes of some other key DEGs (Pdk1, Mxi1 and Higd1a). Our findings indicated that the hypoxia response might have an important role in the differential responses of osteocytes to the different types of mechanical force.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan
| | | | - Takanori Ishikawa
- Department of Orthodontics, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Hoshijima
- Department of Orthodontics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan
| | - Naoya Odagaki
- Department of Orthodontics, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ei Ei Hsu Hlaing
- Department of Orthodontics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kamioka
- Department of Orthodontics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan.
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Owczarczyk-Saczonek A, Lahuta LB, Ligor M, Placek W, Górecki RJ, Buszewski B. The Healing-Promoting Properties of Selected Cyclitols-A Review. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10121891. [PMID: 30513929 PMCID: PMC6316775 DOI: 10.3390/nu10121891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Myo-inositol and its derivatives cyclitols play an important role in the processes of cell regulation, signal transduction, osmoregulation, and ion channel physiology, and are a component of the cell membrane. Free cyclitols present in food or released during the degradation of galactosyl cyclitols by bacteria (in digestive tract) show some physiological benefits. AIM The aim of this paper is to present and analyze the documented data about curative and healing properties of cyclitols. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Cyclitols are well known compounds in the treatment of an accompanied diabetes insulin resistance, and also obesity and polycystic ovarian syndrome. d-chiro-Inositol deficiency exacerbates insulin resistance in the liver, muscles, and fat, while depletion of myo-inositol results in the development of diabetic complications. Cyclitols are successfully applied in treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome, simultaneous are observed effective reducing of BMI, improving the hormonal profile, and increasing fertility. Moreover, cyclitols have anti-atherogenic, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. CONCLUSION The properties of cyclitols may be a good therapeutic option in the reduction of metabolically induced inflammation. Due to well drugs tolerance and low toxicity of these compounds, cyclitols are recommend for pregnant women and also for children. Another advantage is their widespread presence and easy availability, which encourages their use in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Owczarczyk-Saczonek
- Department of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Clinical Immunology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-229 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Lesław Bernard Lahuta
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-229 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Ligor
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland.
| | - Waldemar Placek
- Department of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Clinical Immunology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-229 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Ryszard Józef Górecki
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-229 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Bogusław Buszewski
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland.
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Notomi T, Kuno M, Hiyama A, Nozaki T, Ohura K, Ezura Y, Noda M. Role of lysosomal channel protein TPC2 in osteoclast differentiation and bone remodeling under normal and low-magnesium conditions. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:20998-21010. [PMID: 29084844 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.780072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The bone is the main storage site for Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions in the mammalian body. Although investigations into Ca2+ signaling have progressed rapidly and led to better understanding of bone biology, the Mg2+ signaling pathway and associated molecules remain to be elucidated. Here, we investigated the role of a potential Mg2+ signaling-related lysosomal molecule, two-pore channel subtype 2 (TPC2), in osteoclast differentiation and bone remodeling. Previously, we found that under normal Mg2+ conditions, TPC2 promotes osteoclastogenesis. We observed that under low-Mg2+ conditions, TPC2 inhibited, rather than promoted, the osteoclast differentiation and that the phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PI(3,5)P2) signaling pathway played a role in the TPC2 activation under low-Mg2+ conditions. Furthermore, PI(3,5)P2 depolarized the membrane potential by increasing the intracellular Na+ levels. To investigate how membrane depolarization affects osteoclast differentiation, we generated a light-sensitive cell line and developed a system for the light-stimulated depolarization of the membrane potential. The light-induced depolarization inhibited the osteoclast differentiation. We then tested the effect of myo-inositol supplementation, which increased the PI(3,5)P2 levels in mice fed a low-Mg2+ diet. The myo-inositol supplementation rescued the low-Mg2+ diet-induced trabecular bone loss, which was accompanied by the inhibition of osteoclastogenesis. These results indicate that low-Mg2+-induced osteoclastogenesis involves changes in the role of TPC2, which are mediated through the PI(3,5)P2 pathway. Our findings also suggest that myo-inositol consumption might provide beneficial effects in Mg2+ deficiency-induced skeletal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Notomi
- From the Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute and .,the Global Center of Excellence Program for Molecular Science for Tooth and Bone Diseases, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo 113-8510, Tokyo, Japan.,the Department of Pharmacology, Osaka Dental University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan
| | - Miyuki Kuno
- the Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Abeno, Osaka 545-8585, Japan, and
| | - Akiko Hiyama
- the Department of Pharmacology, Osaka Dental University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan
| | - Tadashige Nozaki
- the Department of Pharmacology, Osaka Dental University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Ohura
- the Department of Pharmacology, Osaka Dental University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan
| | - Yoichi Ezura
- From the Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute and
| | - Masaki Noda
- From the Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute and .,the Global Center of Excellence Program for Molecular Science for Tooth and Bone Diseases, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo 113-8510, Tokyo, Japan.,the Yokohama City Minato Red Cross Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa 231-8682, Japan
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Farhadi D, Karimi A, Sadeghi G, Rostamzadeh J, Bedford M. Effects of a high dose of microbial phytase and myo-inositol supplementation on growth performance, tibia mineralization, nutrient digestibility, litter moisture content, and foot problems in broiler chickens fed phosphorus-deficient diets. Poult Sci 2017; 96:3664-3675. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Li SYT, Cheng STW, Zhang D, Leung PS. Identification and Functional Implications of Sodium/ Myo-Inositol Cotransporter 1 in Pancreatic β-Cells and Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes 2017; 66:1258-1271. [PMID: 28202581 DOI: 10.2337/db16-0880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Myo-inositol (MI), the precursor of the second messenger phosphoinositide (PI), mediates multiple cellular events. Rat islets exhibit active transport of MI, although the mechanism involved remains elusive. Here, we report, for the first time, the expression of sodium/myo-inositol cotransporter 1 (SMIT1) in rat islets and, specifically, β-cells. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of SMIT1 impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion by INS-1E cells, probably via downregulation of PI signaling. In addition, SMIT1 expression in INS-1E cells and isolated islets was augmented by acute high-glucose exposure and reduced in chronic hyperglycemia conditions. In corroboration, chronic MI treatment improved the disease phenotypes of diabetic rats and islets. On the basis of our results, we postulate that the MI transporter SMIT1 is required to maintain a stable PI pool in β-cells in order that PI remains available despite its rapid turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Yu Ting Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sam Tsz Wai Cheng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Po Sing Leung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Kühn I, Schollenberger M, Männer K. Effect of dietary phytase level on intestinal phytate degradation and bone mineralization in growing pigs. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2015-9771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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30
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Bizzarri M, Fuso A, Dinicola S, Cucina A, Bevilacqua A. Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of inositol(s) in health and disease. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2016; 12:1181-96. [PMID: 27351907 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2016.1206887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inositol and its derivatives comprise a huge field of biology. Myo-inositol is not only a prominent component of membrane-incorporated phosphatidylinositol, but participates in its free form, with its isomers or its phosphate derivatives, to a multitude of cellular processes, including ion channel permeability, metabolic homeostasis, mRNA export and translation, cytoskeleton remodeling, stress response. AREAS COVERED Bioavailability, safety, uptake and metabolism of inositol is discussed emphasizing the complexity of interconnected pathways leading to phosphoinositides, inositol phosphates and more complex molecules, like glycosyl-phosphatidylinositols. EXPERT OPINION Besides being a structural element, myo-inositol exerts unexpected functions, mostly unknown. However, several reports indicate that inositol plays a key role during phenotypic transitions and developmental phases. Furthermore, dysfunctions in the regulation of inositol metabolism have been implicated in several chronic diseases. Clinical trials using inositol in pharmacological doses provide amazing results in the management of gynecological diseases, respiratory stress syndrome, Alzheimer's disease, metabolic syndrome, and cancer, for which conventional treatments are disappointing. However, despite the widespread studies carried out to identify inositol-based effects, no comprehensive understanding of inositol-based mechanisms has been achieved. An integrated metabolomics-genomic study to identify the cellular fate of therapeutically administered myo-inositol and its genomic/enzymatic targets is urgently warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Bizzarri
- a Department of Experimental Medicine , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy.,b Systems Biology Group Lab , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Andrea Fuso
- b Systems Biology Group Lab , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy.,c European Center for Brain Research (CERC)/IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation , Rome , Italy
| | - Simona Dinicola
- d Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine , Sapienza Universityof Rome , Rome , Italy.,e Department of Surgery 'Pietro Valdoni' , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Alessandra Cucina
- e Department of Surgery 'Pietro Valdoni' , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy.,f Azienda Policlinico Umberto I , Rome , Italy
| | - Arturo Bevilacqua
- g Department of Psychology, Section of Neuroscience , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
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Celentano C, Matarrelli B, Mattei PA, Pavone G, Vitacolonna E, Liberati M. Myo-Inositol Supplementation to Prevent Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Curr Diab Rep 2016; 16:30. [PMID: 26898405 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-016-0726-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication characterized by increased insulin resistance, and by increased risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes affecting both the mother and the fetus. International guidelines describe optimal ways to recognize it, and the recommended treatment of patients affected to reduce adverse outcomes. Improving insulin resistance could reduce incidence of GDM and its complications. Recently, a few trials have been published on the possible prevention of GDM. Inositol has been proposed as a food supplement that might reduce gestational diabetes incidence in high-risk pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Celentano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Barbara Matarrelli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Peter A Mattei
- Department of Ophtalmology, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti, via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Giulia Pavone
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Ester Vitacolonna
- Department of Internal Medicine, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Marco Liberati
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti, Chieti, Italy.
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Dissection of partial 21q monosomy in different phenotypes: clinical and molecular characterization of five cases and review of the literature. Mol Cytogenet 2016; 9:21. [PMID: 27625702 PMCID: PMC5020505 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-016-0230-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Partial deletion of chromosome 21q is a very rare chromosomal abnormality associated with highly variable phenotypes, such as facial dysmorphic features, heart defects, seizures, psychomotor delay, and severe to mild intellectual disability, depending on the location and size of deletions. So far, three broad deletion regions of 21q have been correlated with the clinical phenotype. Results We described the clinical and genetic features of three family members (father and two siblings) and other two unrelated patients with very wide range in age of diagnosis. All of them showed intellectual disability with very variable symptoms, from mild to severe, and carried 21q interstitial deletions with different sizes and position, as detected by conventional karyotype and array-CGH. Conclusions Our study provided additional cases of partial 21q deletions, allowing to better delineate the genotype-phenotype correlations. In contrast to previous observations, we showed that deletions of the 21q proximal region are not necessarily associated with severe phenotypes and, therefore, that mild phenotypes are not exclusively related to distal deletions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report showing 21q deletions in adult patients associated with mild phenotypes, mainly consisting of neurobehavioral abnormalities, such as obsessive-compulsive disorders, poor social interactions and vulnerability to psychosis.
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Kuşcu N, Bizzarri M, Bevilacqua A. Myo-Inositol Safety in Pregnancy: From Preimplantation Development to Newborn Animals. Int J Endocrinol 2016; 2016:2413857. [PMID: 27698667 PMCID: PMC5028874 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2413857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Myo-inositol (myo-Ins) has a physiological role in mammalian gametogenesis and embryonic development and a positive clinical impact on human medically assisted reproduction. We have previously shown that mouse embryo exposure to myo-Ins through preimplantation development in vitro increases proliferation activity and blastocyst production, representing an improvement in culture conditions. We have herein investigated biochemical mechanisms elicited by myo-Ins in preimplantation embryos and evaluated myo-Ins effects on postimplantation/postnatal development. To this end naturally fertilized embryos were cultured in vitro to blastocyst in the presence or absence of myo-Ins and analyzed for activation of the PKB/Akt pathway, known to modulate proliferation/survival cellular processes. In parallel, blastocyst-stage embryos were transferred into pseudopregnant females and allowed to develop to term and until weaning. Results obtained provide evidence that myo-Ins induces cellular pathways involving Akt and show that (a) exposure of preimplantation embryos to myo-Ins increases the number of blastocysts available for uterine transfer and of delivered animals and (b) the developmental patterns of mice obtained from embryos cultured in the presence or absence of myo-Ins, up to three weeks of age, overlap. These data further identify myo-Ins as a possibly important supplement for human preimplantation embryo culture in assisted reproduction technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilay Kuşcu
- Department of Psychology, Section of Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Mariano Bizzarri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Arturo Bevilacqua
- Department of Psychology, Section of Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Research Center in Neurobiology Daniel Bovet (CRiN), 00185 Rome, Italy
- *Arturo Bevilacqua:
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34
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Schneider S. Inositol transport proteins. FEBS Lett 2015; 589:1049-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Hwang JH, Cha PH, Han G, Bach TT, Min DS, Choi KY. Euodia sutchuenensis Dode extract stimulates osteoblast differentiation via Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation. Exp Mol Med 2015; 47:e152. [PMID: 25792220 PMCID: PMC4351407 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2014.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin pathway has a role in osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. We screened 100 plant extracts and identified an extract from Euodia sutchuenensis Dode (ESD) leaf and young branch as an effective activator of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. ESD extract increased β-catenin levels and β-catenin nuclear accumulation in murine primary osteoblasts. The ESD extract also increased mRNA levels of osteoblast markers, including RUNX2, BMP2 and COL1A1, and enhanced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in murine primary osteoblasts. Both ESD extract-induced β-catenin increment and ALP activation were abolished by β-catenin knockdown, confirming that the Wnt/β-catenin pathway functions in osteoblast differentiation. ESD extract enhanced terminal osteoblast differentiation as shown by staining with Alizarin Red S and significantly increased murine calvarial bone thickness. This study shows that ESD extract stimulates osteoblast differentiation via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and enhances murine calvarial bone formation ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Ha Hwang
- 1] Translational Research Center for Protein Function Control, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea [2] Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Pu-Hyeon Cha
- 1] Translational Research Center for Protein Function Control, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea [2] Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gyoonhee Han
- 1] Translational Research Center for Protein Function Control, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea [2] Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tran The Bach
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Do Sik Min
- 1] Translational Research Center for Protein Function Control, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea [2] Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Pusan, Korea
| | - Kang-Yell Choi
- 1] Translational Research Center for Protein Function Control, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea [2] Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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Ohnishi T, Murata T, Watanabe A, Hida A, Ohba H, Iwayama Y, Mishima K, Gondo Y, Yoshikawa T. Defective craniofacial development and brain function in a mouse model for depletion of intracellular inositol synthesis. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:10785-10796. [PMID: 24554717 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.536706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
myo-Inositol is an essential biomolecule that is synthesized by myo-inositol monophosphatase (IMPase) from inositol monophosphate species. The enzymatic activity of IMPase is inhibited by lithium, a drug used for the treatment of mood swings seen in bipolar disorder. Therefore, myo-inositol is thought to have an important role in the mechanism of bipolar disorder, although the details remain elusive. We screened an ethyl nitrosourea mutant mouse library for IMPase gene (Impa) mutations and identified an Impa1 T95K missense mutation. The mutant protein possessed undetectable enzymatic activity. Homozygotes died perinatally, and E18.5 embryos exhibited striking developmental defects, including hypoplasia of the mandible and asymmetric fusion of ribs to the sternum. Perinatal lethality and morphological defects in homozygotes were rescued by dietary myo-inositol. Rescued homozygotes raised on normal drinking water after weaning exhibited a hyper-locomotive trait and prolonged circadian periods, as reported in rodents treated with lithium. Our mice should be advantageous, compared with those generated by the conventional gene knock-out strategy, because they carry minimal genomic damage, e.g. a point mutation. In conclusion, our results reveal critical roles for intracellular myo-inositol synthesis in craniofacial development and the maintenance of proper brain function. Furthermore, this mouse model for cellular inositol depletion could be beneficial for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the clinical effect of lithium and myo-inositol-mediated skeletal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuo Ohnishi
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198.
| | - Takuya Murata
- Mutagenesis and Genomics Team, RIKEN BioResource Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074
| | - Akiko Watanabe
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198
| | - Akiko Hida
- Department of Psychophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan
| | - Hisako Ohba
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198
| | - Yoshimi Iwayama
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198
| | - Kazuo Mishima
- Department of Psychophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan
| | - Yoichi Gondo
- Mutagenesis and Genomics Team, RIKEN BioResource Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074
| | - Takeo Yoshikawa
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198
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D'Anna R, Santamaria A, Cannata ML, Interdonato ML, Giorgianni GM, Granese R, Corrado F, Bitto A. Effects of a new flavonoid and Myo-inositol supplement on some biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal women: a randomized trial. Int J Endocrinol 2014; 2014:653561. [PMID: 25254044 PMCID: PMC4164131 DOI: 10.1155/2014/653561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 08/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim. Cardiovascular risk is increased in women with menopause and metabolic syndrome. Aim of this study was to test the effect of a new supplement formula, combining cocoa polyphenols, myo-inositol, and soy isoflavones, on some biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome. Methods and Results. A total of 60 women were enrolled and randomly assigned (n = 30 per group) to receive the supplement (NRT: 30 mg of cocoa polyphenols, 80 mg of soy isoflavones, and 2 gr of myo-inositol), or placebo for 6 months. The study protocol included three visits (baseline, 6, and 12 months) for the evaluation of glucose, triglycerides, and HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), adiponectin, visfatin, resistin, and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (bone-ALP). At 6 months, a significant difference between NRT and placebo was found for glucose (96 ± 7 versus 108 ± 10 mg/dL), triglycerides (145 ± 14 versus 165 ± 18 mg/dL), visfatin (2.8 ± 0.8 versus 3.7 ± 1.1 ng/mL), resistin (27 ± 7 versus 32 ± 8 µg/L), and b-ALP (19 ± 7 versus 15 ± 5 µg/mL). No difference in HDL-C concentrations nor in adiponectin levels between groups was reported at 6 months. Conclusions. The supplement used in this study improves most of the biomarkers linked to metabolic syndrome. This Trial is registered with NCT01400724.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario D'Anna
- Department of Pediatric, Gynecological, Microbiological, and Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
- *Rosario D'Anna:
| | - Angelo Santamaria
- Department of Pediatric, Gynecological, Microbiological, and Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Cannata
- Department of Pediatric, Gynecological, Microbiological, and Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Lieta Interdonato
- Department of Pediatric, Gynecological, Microbiological, and Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Granese
- Department of Pediatric, Gynecological, Microbiological, and Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Corrado
- Department of Pediatric, Gynecological, Microbiological, and Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bitto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
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Portalska KJ, Groen N, Krenning G, Georgi N, Mentink A, Harmsen MC, van Blitterswijk C, de Boer J. The effect of donor variation and senescence on endothelial differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2013; 19:2318-29. [PMID: 23676150 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2012.0646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Application of autologous cells is considered for a broad range of regenerative therapies because it is not surrounded by the immunological and ethical issues of allo- or xenogenic cells. However, isolation, expansion, and application of autologous cells do suffer from variability in therapeutic efficacy due to donor to donor differences and due to prolonged culture. One important source of autologous cells is mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which can differentiate toward endothelial-like cells, thus making them an ideal candidate as cell source for tissue vascularization. Here we screened MSCs from 20 donors for their endothelial differentiation capacity and correlated it with the gene expression profile of the whole genome in the undifferentiated state. Cells of all donors were able to form tubes on Matrigel and induced the expression of endothelial genes, although with quantitative differences. In addition, we analyzed the effect of prolonged in vitro expansion on the multipotency of human MSCs and found that endothelial differentiation is only mildly sensitive to expansion-induced loss of differentiation as compared to osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. Our results show the robustness of the endothelial differentiation protocol and the gene expression data give insight in the differences in endothelial differentiation between donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Janeczek Portalska
- 1 Department of Tissue Regeneration, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente , Enschede, The Netherlands
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Croze ML, Soulage CO. Potential role and therapeutic interests of myo-inositol in metabolic diseases. Biochimie 2013; 95:1811-27. [PMID: 23764390 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 336] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Several inositol isomers and in particular myo-inositol (MI) and D-chiro-inositol (DCI), were shown to possess insulin-mimetic properties and to be efficient in lowering post-prandial blood glucose. In addition, abnormalities in inositol metabolism are associated with insulin resistance and with long term microvascular complications of diabetes, supporting a role of inositol or its derivatives in glucose metabolism. The aim of this review is to focus on the potential benefits of a dietary supplement of myo-inositol, by far the most common inositol isomer in foodstuffs, in human disorders associated with insulin resistance (polycystic ovary syndrome, gestational diabetes mellitus or metabolic syndrome) or in prevention or treatment of some diabetic complications (neuropathy, nephropathy, cataract). The relevance of such a nutritional strategy will be discussed for each context on the basis of the clinical and/or animal studies. The dietary sources of myo-inositol and its metabolism from its dietary uptake to its renal excretion will be also covered in this review. Finally, the actual insights into inositol insulin-sensitizing effects will be addressed and in particular the possible role of inositol glycans as insulin second messengers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine L Croze
- Université de Lyon, INSA de Lyon, CarMeN, INSERM U1060, Univ Lyon-1, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France.
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Wright EM. Glucose transport families SLC5 and SLC50. Mol Aspects Med 2013; 34:183-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2012.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Accepted: 10/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Fell Pony syndrome: characterization of developmental hematopoiesis failure and associated gene expression profiles. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2012; 19:1054-64. [PMID: 22593239 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00237-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Fell Pony syndrome (FPS) is a fatal immunodeficiency that occurs in foals of the Fell Pony breed. Affected foals present with severe anemia, B cell lymphopenia, and opportunistic infections. Our objective was to conduct a prospective study of potential FPS-affected Fell Pony foals to establish clinical, immunological, and molecular parameters at birth and in the first few weeks of life. Complete blood counts, peripheral blood lymphocyte phenotyping, and serum immunoglobulin concentrations were determined for 3 FPS-affected foals, 49 unaffected foals, and 6 adult horses. In addition, cytology of bone marrow aspirates was performed sequentially in a subset of foals. At birth, the FPS-affected foals were not noticeably ill and had hematocrit and circulating B cell counts comparable to those of unaffected foals; however, over 6 weeks, values for both parameters steadily declined. A bone marrow aspirate from a 3-week-old FPS-affected foal revealed erythroid hyperplasia and concurrent erythroid and myeloid dysplasia, which progressed to a severe erythroid hypoplasia at 5 weeks of life. Immunohistochemical staining confirmed the paucity of B cells in primary and secondary lymphoid tissues. The mRNA expression of genes involved in B cell development, signaling, and maturation was investigated using qualitative and quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR). Several genes, including CREB1, EP300, MYB, PAX5, and SPI1/PU.1, were sequenced from FPS-affected and unaffected foals. Our study presents evidence of fetal erythrocyte and B cell hematopoiesis with rapid postnatal development of anemia and B lymphopenia in FPS-affected foals. The transition between fetal/neonatal and adult-like hematopoiesis may be an important aspect of the pathogenesis of FPS.
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