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Htike K, Yoshida K, Eguchi T, Takebe K, Li X, Qu Y, Sakai E, Tsukuba T, Okamoto K. Herbal medicine Ninjinyoeito inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption activity by regulating NF-kB and MAPK pathway. J Oral Biosci 2024:S1349-0079(24)00202-0. [PMID: 39366652 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2024.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2024] [Revised: 09/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Osteoporosis is a systemic bone metabolism disorder characterized by decreased bone mass and strength. Osteoclasts (OCs) are giant multinucleated cells that regulate bone homeostasis by degrading bone matrix. Excessive OC differentiation and activity can lead to serious bone metabolic disorders including osteoporosis. Current treatments, including antiresorptive drugs, exert considerable adverse effects, including jaw osteonecrosis. Herbal medicines, such as Ninjinyoeito (NYT), may also offer efficacy, but with fewer adverse effects. In this study, we investigated NYT's effects on osteoclastogenesis. METHODS Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and bone resorption assays were performed to examine NYT's effects on OC differentiation and function. OC-related gene expression at mRNA and protein levels was investigated to confirm NYT's inhibitory action against osteoclastogenesis. We also demonstrated involvement of signaling pathways mediated by IκBα and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) [extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38] and showed nuclear translocation of nuclear factor of activated T-cell cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 during osteoclastogenesis. RESULTS TRAP staining and bone resorption assays confirmed that NYT significantly inhibited OC differentiation and function. Western blot and RT-PCR results showed that NYT ameliorated osteoclastogenesis by suppressing mRNA and protein level expression of OC-related genes. Moreover, blots and immunocytochemistry (ICC) data clarified that NYT abrogates signaling pathways mediated by IκBα and MAPK (ERK, JNK, p38), and demonstrated nuclear translocation of NFATc1 and NF-κB p65 during OC differentiation. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest NYT is an alternative therapeutic candidate for treating osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaung Htike
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Yoshida
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan
| | - Takanori Eguchi
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan; Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan
| | - Katsuki Takebe
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan
| | - Xueming Li
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan
| | - Yaxin Qu
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan
| | - Eiko Sakai
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8588, Japan
| | - Takayuki Tsukuba
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8588, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Okamoto
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan.
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Kiermaier E, Stötzel I, Schapfl MA, Villunger A. Amplified centrosomes-more than just a threat. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:4153-4167. [PMID: 39285247 PMCID: PMC11467336 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00260-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Centrosomes are major organizing components of the tubulin-based cytoskeleton. In recent years, we have gained extensive knowledge about their structure, biogenesis, and function from single cells, cell-cell interactions to tissue homeostasis, including their role in human diseases. Centrosome abnormalities are linked to, among others primary microcephaly, birth defects, ciliopathies, and tumorigenesis. Centrosome amplification, a state where two or more centrosomes are present in the G1 phase of the cell cycle, correlates in cancer with karyotype alterations, clinical aggressiveness, and lymph node metastasis. However, amplified centrosomes also appear in healthy tissues and, independent of their established role, in multi-ciliation. One example is the liver where hepatocytes carry amplified centrosomes owing to whole-genome duplication events during organogenesis. More recently, amplified centrosomes have been found in neuronal progenitors and several cell types of hematopoietic origin in which they enhance cellular effector functions. These findings suggest that extra centrosomes do not necessarily pose a risk for genome integrity and are harnessed for physiological processes. Here, we compare established and emerging 'non-canonical functions' of amplified centrosomes in cancerous and somatic cells and discuss their role in cellular physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Kiermaier
- Life and Medical Sciences Institute, Immune and Tumor Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Isabel Stötzel
- Life and Medical Sciences Institute, Immune and Tumor Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marina A Schapfl
- Institute for Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Villunger
- Institute for Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
- The Research Center for Molecular Medicine (CeMM) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Lazarettgasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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3
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Hao L, Yan Y, Huang G, Li H. From gut to bone: deciphering the impact of gut microbiota on osteoporosis pathogenesis and management. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1416739. [PMID: 39386168 PMCID: PMC11461468 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1416739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is characterized by decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and increased fracture risk, poses a significant global health burden. Recent research has shed light on the bidirectional relationship between gut microbiota (GM) and bone health, presenting a novel avenue for understanding OP pathogenesis and developing targeted therapeutic interventions. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the GM-bone axis, exploring the impact of GM on OP development and management. We elucidate established risk factors and pathogenesis of OP, delve into the diversity and functional changes of GM in OP. Furthermore, we examine experimental evidence and clinical observations linking alterations in GM composition or function with variations in BMD and fracture risk. Mechanistic insights into microbial mediators of bone health, such as microbial metabolites and products, are discussed. Therapeutic implications, including GM-targeted interventions and dietary strategies, are also explored. Finally, we identify future research directions and challenges in translating these findings into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjie Hao
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yuzhu Yan
- Clinical Laboratory of Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Guilin Huang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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Lee S, Kim YG, Jung HI, Lim JS, Nam KC, Choi HS, Kwak BS. Bone-on-a-chip simulating bone metastasis in osteoporosis. Biofabrication 2024; 16:045025. [PMID: 39116896 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad6cf9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is the most common bone disorder, which is a highly dangerous condition that can promote bone metastases. As the current treatment for osteoporosis involves long-term medication therapy and a cure for bone metastasis is not known, ongoing efforts are required for drug development for osteoporosis. Animal experiments, traditionally used for drug development, raise ethical concerns and are expensive and time-consuming. Organ-on-a-chip technology is being developed as a tool to supplement such animal models. In this study, we developed a bone-on-a-chip by co-culturing osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts in an extracellular matrix environment that can represent normal bone, osteopenia, and osteoporotic conditions. We then simulated bone metastases using breast cancer cells in three different bone conditions and observed that bone metastases were most active in osteoporotic conditions. Furthermore, it was revealed that the promotion of bone metastasis in osteoporotic conditions is due to increased vascular permeability. The bone-on-a-chip developed in this study can serve as a platform to complement animal models for drug development for osteoporosis and bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunghan Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seadaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- College of Medicine, Dongguk University, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyangsi, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Gyun Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seadaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- College of Medicine, Dongguk University, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyangsi, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Il Jung
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seadaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- The DABOM Inc., 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Seok Lim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsanbuk-do 38541, Republic of Korea
- MediSphere Inc., 280, Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Chang Nam
- College of Medicine, Dongguk University, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyangsi, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Seok Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, 27 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Seop Kwak
- College of Medicine, Dongguk University, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyangsi, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
- MediSphere Inc., 280, Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541, Republic of Korea
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An JY, Ma XN, Wen HL, Hu HD. Identification of key genes and long non‑coding RNA expression profiles in osteoporosis with rheumatoid arthritis based on bioinformatics analysis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2024; 25:634. [PMID: 39118036 PMCID: PMC11312199 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-024-07738-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic tissue disease often accompanied by osteoporosis (OP), the molecular mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the pathogenesis of RA and OP by identifying differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) using a bioinformatics approach. METHODS Expression profiles of individuals diagnosed with OP and RA were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differential expression analysis was conducted. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed to gain insights into the functional categories and molecular/biochemical pathways associated with DEmRNAs. We identified the intersection of common DEmRNAs and lncRNAs and constructed a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Correlation analysis between the common DEmRNAs and lncRNAs facilitated the construction of a coding-non-coding network. Lastly, serum peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with RA and OP, as well as healthy controls, were obtained for TRAP staining and qRT-PCR to validate the findings obtained from the online dataset assessments. RESULTS A total of 28 DEmRNAs and 2 DElncRNAs were identified in individuals with both RA and OP. Chromosomal distribution analysis of the consensus DEmRNAs revealed that chromosome 1 had the highest number of differential expression genes. GO and KEGG analyses indicated that these DEmRNAs were primarily associated with " platelets (PLTs) degranulation", "platelet alpha granules", "platelet activation", "tight junctions" and "leukocyte transendothelial migration", with many genes functionally related to PLTs. In the PPI network, MT-ATP6 and PTGS1 emerged as potential hub genes, with MT-ATP6 originating from mitochondrial DNA. Co-expression analysis identified two key lncRNA-mRNA pairs: RP11 - 815J21.2 with MT - ATP6 and RP11 - 815J21.2 with PTGS1. Experimental validation confirmed significant differential expression of RP11-815J21.2, MT-ATP6 and PTGS1 between the healthy controls and the RA + OP groups. Notably, knockdown of RP11-815J21.2 attenuated TNF + IL-6-induced osteoclastogenesis. CONCLUSIONS This study successfully identified shared dysregulated genes and potential therapeutic targets in individuals with RA and OP, highlighting their molecular similarities. These findings provide new insights into the pathogenesis of RA and OP and suggest potential avenues for further research and targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yu An
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzhou Fourth People's Hospital, Changzhou, 213000, China.
| | - Xing-Na Ma
- Department of Pediatric, Changzhou Fourth People's Hospital, Changzhou, 213000, China
| | - Hui-Long Wen
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzhou Fourth People's Hospital, Changzhou, 213000, China
| | - Hui-Dong Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzhou Fourth People's Hospital, Changzhou, 213000, China
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6
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Wang M, Luo K, Sha T, Li Q, Dong Z, Dou Y, Zhang H, Zhou G, Ba Y, Yu F. Apoptosis and Inflammation Involved with Fluoride-Induced Bone Injuries. Nutrients 2024; 16:2500. [PMID: 39125380 PMCID: PMC11313706 DOI: 10.3390/nu16152500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive fluoride exposure induces skeletal fluorosis, but the specific mechanism responsible is still unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the pathogenesis of fluoride-induced bone injuries. METHODS We systematically searched fluoride-induced bone injury-related genes from five databases. Then, these genes were subjected to enrichment analyses. A TF (transcription factor)-mRNA-miRNA network and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were constructed using Cytoscape, and the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database was used to screen the expression of key proteins. The candidate pharmacological targets were predicted using the Drug Signature Database. RESULTS A total of 85 studies were included in this study, and 112 osteoblast-, 35 osteoclast-, and 41 chondrocyte-related differential expression genes (DEGs) were identified. Functional enrichment analyses showed that the Atf4, Bcl2, Col1a1, Fgf21, Fgfr1 and Il6 genes were significantly enriched in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway of osteoblasts, Mmp9 and Mmp13 genes were enriched in the IL-17 signaling pathway of osteoclasts, and Bmp2 and Bmp7 genes were enriched in the TGF-beta signaling pathway of chondrocytes. With the use of the TF-mRNA-miRNA network, the Col1a1, Bcl2, Fgfr1, Mmp9, Mmp13, Bmp2, and Bmp7 genes were identified as the key regulatory factors. Selenium methyl cysteine, CGS-27023A, and calcium phosphate were predicted to be the potential drugs for skeletal fluorosis. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway being involved in the apoptosis of osteoblasts, with the IL-17 and the TGF-beta signaling pathways being involved in the inflammation of osteoclasts and chondrocytes in fluoride-induced bone injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fangfang Yu
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (M.W.); (K.L.); (T.S.); (Q.L.); (Z.D.); (Y.D.); (H.Z.); (G.Z.); (Y.B.)
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7
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Yuca H, Şenocak TÇ, Yiğit O, Albayrak MG, Güvenalp Z. Semi-quantitative analysis on sea buckthorn phenolic-rich extract coating bone-like open porous NiTi-based alloy. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34594. [PMID: 39114081 PMCID: PMC11305284 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the feasibility of coating Ni-Ti alloy with sea buckthorn extract via a hydrothermal method for targeted delivery of beneficial phenolic compounds to bone tissue. The qualitative analysis confirmed the presence of flavonoids and tannins in sea buckthorn extract, supporting its osteogenic potential. The microhardness of the NiTi alloy substrate was suitable for biomedical applications, and successful coating was achieved without compromising its properties. NiTi alloy samples were coated with 18.1, 20.1, and 12.4 mg of extract, respectively. Comprehensive evaluations confirmed the successful integration of the extract onto the alloy's surface. The coated system exhibited sustained release properties over five days, with the highest release occurring on the first day (on average 32.1 % for the first peak and 72.1 % for the second peak), as determined by HPLC analysis. The findings demonstrate the potential of this novel approach in developing dual-functionality implants for bone health promotion. Overall, this study underscores the promising potential of Ni-Ti alloy coated with sea buckthorn extract as a targeted drug delivery system for bone tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafize Yuca
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkiye
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plant and Drug Research Center, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkiye
| | - Taha Çağrı Şenocak
- Engineering Faculty, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Ataturk University, Erzurum, 25240, Turkiye
| | - Oktay Yiğit
- Technology Faculty, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Firat University, Elazig, 23119, Turkiye
- College of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, Lansıng, Michigan, 48912, USA
| | - Muhammet Gökhan Albayrak
- Engineering Faculty, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Firat University, Elazig, 23119, Turkiye
| | - Zühal Güvenalp
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkiye
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plant and Drug Research Center, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkiye
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Valverde A, George A, Nares S, Naqvi AR. Emerging therapeutic strategies targeting bone signaling pathways in periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2024. [PMID: 39044454 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a multifactorial immune-mediated disease exacerbated by dysregulated alveolar bone homeostasis. Timely intervention is crucial for disease management to prevent tooth loss. To successfully manage periodontitis, it is imperative to understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in its pathogenesis to develop novel treatment modalities. Non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) such as subgingival instrumentation/debridement has been the underlying treatment strategy over the past decades. However, new NSPT approaches that target key signaling pathways regulating alveolar bone homeostasis have shown positive clinical outcomes. This narrative review aims to discuss endogenous bone homeostasis mechanisms impaired in periodontitis and highlight the clinical outcomes of preventive periodontal therapy to avoid invasive periodontal therapies. Although the anti-resorptive therapeutic adjuncts have demonstrated beneficial outcomes, adverse events have been reported. Diverse immunomodulatory therapies targeting the osteoblast/osteoclast (OB/OC) axis have shown promising outcomes in vivo. Future controlled randomized clinical trials (RCT) would help clinicians and patients in the selection of novel preventing therapies targeting key molecules to effectively treat or prevent periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Araceli Valverde
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Anne George
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Salvador Nares
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Afsar R Naqvi
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Zhu S, Chen W, Masson A, Li YP. Cell signaling and transcriptional regulation of osteoblast lineage commitment, differentiation, bone formation, and homeostasis. Cell Discov 2024; 10:71. [PMID: 38956429 PMCID: PMC11219878 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-024-00689-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The initiation of osteogenesis primarily occurs as mesenchymal stem cells undergo differentiation into osteoblasts. This differentiation process plays a crucial role in bone formation and homeostasis and is regulated by two intricate processes: cell signal transduction and transcriptional gene expression. Various essential cell signaling pathways, including Wnt, BMP, TGF-β, Hedgehog, PTH, FGF, Ephrin, Notch, Hippo, and Piezo1/2, play a critical role in facilitating osteoblast differentiation, bone formation, and bone homeostasis. Key transcriptional factors in this differentiation process include Runx2, Cbfβ, Runx1, Osterix, ATF4, SATB2, and TAZ/YAP. Furthermore, a diverse array of epigenetic factors also plays critical roles in osteoblast differentiation, bone formation, and homeostasis at the transcriptional level. This review provides an overview of the latest developments and current comprehension concerning the pathways of cell signaling, regulation of hormones, and transcriptional regulation of genes involved in the commitment and differentiation of osteoblast lineage, as well as in bone formation and maintenance of homeostasis. The paper also reviews epigenetic regulation of osteoblast differentiation via mechanisms, such as histone and DNA modifications. Additionally, we summarize the latest developments in osteoblast biology spurred by recent advancements in various modern technologies and bioinformatics. By synthesizing these insights into a comprehensive understanding of osteoblast differentiation, this review provides further clarification of the mechanisms underlying osteoblast lineage commitment, differentiation, and bone formation, and highlights potential new therapeutic applications for the treatment of bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Zhu
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
| | - Alasdair Masson
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Yi-Ping Li
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
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Peng Y, Zhao H, Hu S, Ma Y, Han T, Meng C, Tong X, Zou H, Liu Z, Song R. Exploring the impact of osteoprotegerin on osteoclast and precursor fusion: Mechanisms and modulation by ATP. Differentiation 2024; 138:100789. [PMID: 38896972 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2024.100789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Osteoclast (OC) differentiation, vital for bone resorption, depends on osteoclast and precursor fusion. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) inhibits osteoclast differentiation. OPG's influence on fusion and mechanisms is unclear. Osteoclasts and precursors were treated with OPG alone or with ATP. OPG significantly reduced OC number, area and motility and ATP mitigated OPG's inhibition. However, OPG hardly affected the motility of precusors. OPG downregulated fusion-related molecules (CD44, CD47, DC-STAMP, ATP6V0D2) in osteoclasts, reducing only CD47 in precursors. OPG reduced Connexin43 phosphorylated forms (P1 and P2) in osteoclasts, affecting only P2 in precursors. OPG disrupted subcellular localization of CD44, CD47, DC-STAMP, ATP6V0D2, and Connexin43 in both cell types. Findings underscore OPG's multifaceted impact, inhibiting multinucleated osteoclast and mononuclear precursor fusion through distinct molecular mechanisms. Notably, ATP mitigates OPG's inhibitory effect, suggesting a potential regulatory role for the ATP signaling pathway. This study enhances understanding of intricate processes in osteoclast differentiation and fusion, offering insights into potential therapeutic targets for abnormal bone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunwen Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Sinan Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yonggang Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tao Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Chuang Meng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xishuai Tong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hui Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ruilong Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
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Hong S, Cho HR, Kim JH, Kim M, Lee S, Yang K, Lee Y, Sohn Y, Jung HS. Suppression of bone resorption by Mori Radicis Cortex through NFATc1 and c-Fos signaling-mediated inhibition of osteoclast differentiation. J Chin Med Assoc 2024; 87:615-626. [PMID: 38651853 DOI: 10.1097/jcma.0000000000001096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mori Radicis Cortex (MRC) is the root bark of the mulberry family as Morus alba L. In Korea, it is known as "Sangbaegpi". Although MRC has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, its specific mechanisms of action and impact on osteoporosis remain poorly understood. METHODS To investigate the antiosteoporosis effect of MRC, we examined the level of osteoclast differentiation inhibition in receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL)-induced-RAW 264.7 cells and animal models of ovariectomy (OVX) with MRC. Serum analysis in OVX animals was investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and bone density analysis was confirmed by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). The expression analysis of nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFATc1) was confirmed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in femur tissue. In addition, osteoclast differentiation inhibition was measured using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). mRNA analysis was performed using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the protein expression analysis was investigated by western blot. RESULTS Micro-CT analysis showed that MRC effectively inhibited bone loss in the OVX-induced rat model. MRC also inhibited the expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and TRAP in serum. Histological analysis showed that MRC treatment increased bone density and IHC analysis showed that MRC significantly inhibited the expression of NFATc1. In RANKL-induced-RAW 264.7 cells, MRC significantly reduced TRAP activity and actin ring formation. In addition, MRC significantly inhibited the expression of NFATc1 and c-Fos, and suppressed the mRNA expression. CONCLUSION Based on micro-CT, serum and histological analysis, MRC effectively inhibited bone loss in an OVX-induced rat model. In addition, MRC treatment suppressed the expression of osteoclast differentiation, fusion, and bone resorption markers through inhibition of NFATc1/c-Fos expression in RANKL-induced RAW 264.7 cells, ultimately resulting in a decrease in osteoclast activity. These results demonstrate that MRC is effective in preventing bone loss through inhibiting osteoclast differentiation and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sooyeon Hong
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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12
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Meng S, Wang Z, Liu X, Shen K, Gu Y, Yu B, Wang L. Uptake of ox-LDL by binding to LRP6 mediates oxidative stress-induced BMSCs senescence promoting obesity-related bone loss. Cell Signal 2024; 117:111114. [PMID: 38387686 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Obesity has long been thought to be a main cause of hyperlipidemia. As a systemic disease, the impact of obesity on organs, tissues and cells is almost entirely negative. However, the relationship between obesity and bone loss is highly controversial. On the one hand, obesity has long been thought to have a positive effect on bone due to increased mechanical loading on the skeleton, conducive to increasing bone mass to accommodate the extra weight. On the other hand, obesity-related metabolic oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in vivo causes a gradual increase of oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) in the bone marrow microenvironment. We have reported that low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6) acts as a receptor of ox-LDL and mediates the bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) uptake of ox-LDL. We detected elevated serum ox-LDL in obese mice. We found that ox-LDL uptake by LRP6 led to an increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in BMSCs, and N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) alleviated the cellular senescence and impairment of osteogenesis induced by ox-LDL. Moreover, LRP6 is a co-receptor of Wnt signaling. We found that LRP6 preferentially binds to ox-LDL rather than dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK1), both inhibiting Wnt signaling and promoting BMSCs senescence. Mesoderm development LRP chaperone (MESD) overexpression inhibits ox-LDL binding to LRP6, attenuating oxidative stress and BMSCs senescence, eventually rescuing bone phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senxiong Meng
- Division of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhuan Wang
- Division of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaonan Liu
- Division of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Shen
- Division of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yuan Gu
- Division of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Division of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Division of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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13
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Chen W, Wang Q, Tao H, Lu L, Zhou J, Wang Q, Huang W, Yang X. Subchondral osteoclasts and osteoarthritis: new insights and potential therapeutic avenues. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2024; 56:499-512. [PMID: 38439665 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2024017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease, and good therapeutic results are often difficult to obtain due to its complex pathogenesis and diverse causative factors. After decades of research and exploration of OA, it has been progressively found that subchondral bone is essential for its pathogenesis, and pathological changes in subchondral bone can be observed even before cartilage lesions develop. Osteoclasts, the main cells regulating bone resorption, play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of subchondral bone. Subchondral osteoclasts regulate the homeostasis of subchondral bone through the secretion of degradative enzymes, immunomodulation, and cell signaling pathways. In OA, osteoclasts are overactivated by autophagy, ncRNAs, and Rankl/Rank/OPG signaling pathways. Excessive bone resorption disrupts the balance of bone remodeling, leading to increased subchondral bone loss, decreased bone mineral density and consequent structural damage to articular cartilage and joint pain. With increased understanding of bone biology and targeted therapies, researchers have found that the activity and function of subchondral osteoclasts are affected by multiple pathways. In this review, we summarize the roles and mechanisms of subchondral osteoclasts in OA, enumerate the latest advances in subchondral osteoclast-targeted therapy for OA, and look forward to the future trends of subchondral osteoclast-targeted therapies in clinical applications to fill the gaps in the current knowledge of OA treatment and to develop new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Chen
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Center, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou 215000, China
- Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Qiufei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Huaqiang Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Lingfeng Lu
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Center, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou 215000, China
- Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Center, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou 215000, China
- Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xing Yang
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Center, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou 215000, China
- Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215000, China
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14
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Liu S, Lu Q, Wang M, Guo H, Wang Y, Nong J, Wang S, Xia H, Xia T, Sun H. S-nitrosoglutathione reductase-dependent p65 denitrosation promotes osteoclastogenesis by facilitating recruitment of p65 to NFATc1 promoter. Bone 2024; 181:117036. [PMID: 38311303 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2024.117036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Osteoclasts, the exclusive bone resorptive cells, are indispensable for bone remodeling. Hence, understanding novel signaling modulators regulating osteoclastogenesis is clinically important. Nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) is a master transcription factor in osteoclastogenesis, and binding of NF-κB p65 subunit to NFATc1 promoter is required for its expression. It is well-established that DNA binding activity of p65 can be regulated by various post-translational modifications, including S-nitrosation. Recent studies have demonstrated that S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR)-mediated protein denitrosation participated in cell fate commitment by regulating gene transcription. However, the role of GSNOR in osteoclastogenesis remains unexplored and enigmatic. Here, we investigated the effect of GSNOR-mediated denitrosation of p65 on osteoclastogenesis. Our results revealed that GSNOR was up-regulated during osteoclastogenesis in vitro. Moreover, GSNOR inhibition with a chemical inhibitor impaired osteoclast differentiation, podosome belt formation, and bone resorption activity. Furthermore, GSNOR inhibition enhanced the S-nitrosation level of p65, precluded the binding of p65 to NFATc1 promoter, and suppressed NFATc1 expression. In addition, mouse model of lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced calvarial osteolysis was employed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of GSNOR inhibitor in vivo. Our results indicated that GSNOR inhibitor treatment alleviated the inflammatory bone loss by impairing osteoclast formation in mice. Taken together, these data have shown that GSNOR activity is required for osteoclastogenesis by facilitating binding of p65 to NFATc1 promoter via promoting p65 denitrosation, suggesting that GSNOR may be a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of osteolytic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Qian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; Department of Oral Implantology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Huilin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Yiwen Wang
- School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Jingwen Nong
- School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Haibin Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; Department of Oral Implantology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Ting Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; Department of Oral Implantology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Huifang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; Center for Prosthodontics and Implant Dentistry, Optics Valley Branch, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
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15
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He Y, Chen Y. The Potential of Exosomes for Osteoporosis Treatment: A Review. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:979-989. [PMID: 38562519 PMCID: PMC10984200 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s437596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
As a continuous process comprising bone resorption and formation, bone remodeling, plays an essential role in maintaining the balance of bone metabolism. One type of metabolic osteopathy is osteoporosis, which is defined by low bone mass and deteriorating bone microstructure. Osteoporosis patients are more likely to experience frequent osteoporotic fractures, which makes osteoporosis prevention and treatment crucial. A growing body of research has revealed that exosomes, which are homogenous vesicles released by most cell types, play a major role in mediating a number of pathophysiological processes, including osteoporosis. Exosomes may act as a mediator in cell-to-cell communication and offer a fresh perspective on information sharing. This review discusses the characteristics of exosomes and outlines the exosomes' underlying mechanism that contributes to the onset of osteoporosis. Recent years have seen a rise in interest in the role of exosomes in osteoporosis, which has given rise to innovative therapeutic approaches for the disease prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinxi He
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, The Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanxia Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, People’s Republic of China
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16
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Zhang L, Guan Q, Wang Z, Feng J, Zou J, Gao B. Consequences of Aging on Bone. Aging Dis 2023:AD.2023.1115. [PMID: 38029404 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.1115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
With the aging of the global population, the incidence of musculoskeletal diseases has been increasing, seriously affecting people's health. As people age, the microenvironment within skeleton favors bone resorption and inhibits bone formation, accompanied by bone marrow fat accumulation and multiple cellular senescence. Specifically, skeletal stem/stromal cells (SSCs) during aging tend to undergo adipogenesis rather than osteogenesis. Meanwhile, osteoblasts, as well as osteocytes, showed increased apoptosis, decreased quantity, and multiple functional limitations including impaired mechanical sensing, intercellular modulation, and exosome secretion. Also, the bone resorption function of macrophage-lineage cells (including osteoclasts and preosteoclasts) was significantly enhanced, as well as impaired vascularization and innervation. In this study, we systematically reviewed the effect of aging on bone and the within microenvironment (including skeletal cells as well as their intracellular structure variations, vascular structures, innervation, marrow fat distribution, and lymphatic system) caused by aging, and mechanisms of osteoimmune regulation of the bone environment in the aging state, and the causal relationship with multiple musculoskeletal diseases in addition with their potential therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingli Zhang
- College of Athletic Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiao Guan
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhikun Wang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Feng
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zou
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Gao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
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17
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Michalski MN, Williams BO. The Past, Present, and Future of Genetically Engineered Mouse Models for Skeletal Biology. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1311. [PMID: 37759711 PMCID: PMC10526739 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to create genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) has exponentially increased our understanding of many areas of biology. Musculoskeletal biology is no exception. In this review, we will first discuss the historical development of GEMMs and how these developments have influenced musculoskeletal disease research. This review will also update our 2008 review that appeared in BONEKey, a journal that is no longer readily available online. We will first review the historical development of GEMMs in general, followed by a particular emphasis on the ability to perform tissue-specific (conditional) knockouts focusing on musculoskeletal tissues. We will then discuss how the development of CRISPR/Cas-based technologies during the last decade has revolutionized the generation of GEMMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan N. Michalski
- Department of Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA;
| | - Bart O. Williams
- Department of Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA;
- Core Technologies and Services, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
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18
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Kim EY, Kim JE, Chung SH, Park JE, Yoon D, Min HJ, Sung Y, Lee SB, Kim SW, Chang EJ. Concomitant induction of SLIT3 and microRNA-218-2 in macrophages by toll-like receptor 4 activation limits osteoclast commitment. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:213. [PMID: 37596575 PMCID: PMC10436635 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01226-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) conducts a highly regulated inflammatory process by limiting the extent of inflammation to avoid toxicity and tissue damage, even in bone tissues. Thus, it is plausible that strategies for the maintenance of normal bone-immunity to prevent undesirable bone damage by TLR4 activation can exist, but direct evidence is still lacking. METHODS Osteoclast precursors (OCPs) obtained from WT or Slit3-deficient mice were differentiated into osteoclast (OC) with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), RANK ligand (RANKL) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by determining the number of TRAP-positive multinuclear cells (TRAP+ MNCs). To determine the alteration of OCPs population, fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) was conducted in bone marrow cells in mice after LPS injection. The severity of bone loss in LPS injected WT or Slit3-deficient mice was evaluated by micro-CT analysis. RESULT We demonstrate that TLR4 activation by LPS inhibits OC commitment by inducing the concomitant expression of miR-218-2-3p and its host gene, Slit3, in mouse OCPs. TLR4 activation by LPS induced SLIT3 and its receptor ROBO1 in BMMs, and this SLIT3-ROBO1 axis hinders RANKL-induced OC differentiation by switching the protein levels of C/EBP-β isoforms. A deficiency of SLIT3 resulted in increased RANKL-induced OC differentiation, and the elevated expression of OC marker genes including Pu.1, Nfatc1, and Ctsk. Notably, Slit3-deficient mice showed expanded OCP populations in the bone marrow. We also found that miR-218-2 was concomitantly induced with SLIT3 expression after LPS treatment, and that this miRNA directly suppressed Tnfrsf11a (RANK) expression at both gene and protein levels, linking it to a decrease in OC differentiation. An endogenous miR-218-2 block rescued the expression of RANK and subsequent OC formation in LPS-stimulated OCPs. Aligned with these results, SLIT3-deficient mice displayed increased OC formation and reduced bone density after LPS challenge. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the TLR4-dependent concomitant induction of Slit3 and miR-218-2 targets RANK in OCPs to restrain OC commitment, thereby avoiding an uncoordinated loss of bone through inflammatory processes. These observations provide a mechanistic explanation for the role of TLR4 in controlling the commitment phase of OC differentiation. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Asan Medical Center and AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea
- Stem Cell Immunomodulation Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Asan Medical Center and AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea
- Stem Cell Immunomodulation Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Soo-Hyun Chung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Asan Medical Center and AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea
- Stem Cell Immunomodulation Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Asan Medical Center and AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Dohee Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Asan Medical Center and AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea
- Stem Cell Immunomodulation Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin Min
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Asan Medical Center and AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea
- Stem Cell Immunomodulation Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Yoolim Sung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Asan Medical Center and AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea
- Stem Cell Immunomodulation Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Soo Been Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Asan Medical Center and AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea
- Stem Cell Immunomodulation Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Seong Who Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Asan Medical Center and AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
- Stem Cell Immunomodulation Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
| | - Eun-Ju Chang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Asan Medical Center and AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
- Stem Cell Immunomodulation Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
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19
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Lu W, Zheng C, Zhang H, Cheng P, Miao S, Wang H, He T, Fan J, Hu Y, Liu H, Jia L, Hao X, Luo Z, Xu J, Jie Q, Yang L. Hedgehog signaling regulates bone homeostasis through orchestrating osteoclast differentiation and osteoclast-osteoblast coupling. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:171. [PMID: 37261512 PMCID: PMC11071711 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04821-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Imbalance of bone homeostasis induces bone degenerative diseases such as osteoporosis. Hedgehog (Hh) signaling plays critical roles in regulating the development of limb and joint. However, its unique role in bone homeostasis remained largely unknown. Here, we found that canonical Hh signaling pathway was gradually augmented during osteoclast differentiation. Genetic inactivation of Hh signaling in osteoclasts, using Ctsk-Cre;Smof/f conditional knockout mice, disrupted both osteoclast formation and subsequent osteoclast-osteoblast coupling. Concordantly, either Hh signaling inhibitors or Smo/Gli2 knockdown stunted in vitro osteoclast formation. Mechanistically, Hh signaling positively regulated osteoclast differentiation via transactivation of Traf6 and stabilization of TRAF6 protein. Then, we identified connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) as an Hh-regulatory bone formation-stimulating factor derived from osteoclasts, whose loss played a causative role in osteopenia seen in CKO mice. In line with this, recombinant CTGF exerted mitigating effects against ovariectomy induced bone loss, supporting a potential extension of local rCTGF treatment to osteoporotic diseases. Collectively, our findings firstly demonstrate that Hh signaling, which dictates osteoclast differentiation and osteoclast-osteoblast coupling by regulating TRAF6 and CTGF, is crucial for maintaining bone homeostasis, shedding mechanistic and therapeutic insights into the realm of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguang Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongyang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pengzhen Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Pediatric Orthopaedic Hospital, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Research Center for Skeletal Developmental Deformity and Injury Repair, College of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Sheng Miao
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huanbo Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ting He
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yaqian Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - He Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liyuan Jia
- Research Center for Skeletal Developmental Deformity and Injury Repair, College of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xue Hao
- Pediatric Orthopaedic Hospital, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhuojing Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Qiang Jie
- Pediatric Orthopaedic Hospital, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
- Research Center for Skeletal Developmental Deformity and Injury Repair, College of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Pediatric Skeletal Deformity and Injury of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China.
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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20
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Fang J, Zhang X, Chen X, Wang Z, Zheng S, Cheng Y, Liu S, Hao L. The role of insulin-like growth factor-1 in bone remodeling: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 238:124125. [PMID: 36948334 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 is a polypeptide hormone with vital biological functions in bone cells. The abnormal expression of IGF-1 has a serious effect on bone growth, particularly bone remodeling. Evidence from animal models and human disease suggested that both IGF-1 deficiency and excess cause changes in bone remodeling equilibrium, resulting in profound alterations in bone mass and development. Here, we first introduced the functions and mechanisms of the members of IGFs in bone. Subsequently, the critical role of IGF-1 in the process of bone remodeling were emphasized from the aspects of bone resorption and bone formation respectively. This review explains the mechanism of IGF-1 in maintaining bone mass and bone homeostasis to a certain extent and provides a theoretical basis for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayuan Fang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xunming Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xi Chen
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Zhaoguo Wang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Shuo Zheng
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yunyun Cheng
- College of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
| | - Songcai Liu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Linlin Hao
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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21
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Wang H, Falcoz S, Morales J, Berteau JP. Investigating bone resorption in Atlantic herring fish intermuscular bones with solid-state NMR. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:9336-9348. [PMID: 36920434 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03023c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Bones are connective tissues mainly made of collagen proteins with calcium phosphate deposits. They undergo constant remodeling, including destroying existing bones tissues (known as bone resorption) and rebuilding new ones. Bone remodeling has been well-described in mammals, but it is not the case in fish. Here, we focused on the mobile phase of the bone vascular system by carefully preserving moisture in adult Atlantic herring intermuscular bones. We detected pore water with high ionic strength and soluble degraded peptides whose 1H-transverse relaxation times, T2s, exceed 15 milliseconds. With favorable T2s, we incorporated a solution state spinlock scheme into the INEPT techniques to unequivocally demonstrate collagen degradation. In addition, we detected a substantial amount of inorganic phosphate in solution with 31P-NMR in the considerable background of solid hydroxyapatite calcium phosphate by saturation recovery experiment. It is consistent with the idea that bone resorption degrades bone collagen and releases calcium ions and phosphate ions in the pore water with increased ionic strength. Our report is the first to probe the resorption process in the heterogenous bone microstructure with a rigorous characterization of 1H and 13C relaxation behavior and direct assignments. In addition, we contribute to the fish bones literature by investigating fish bone remodeling using NMR for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY 10031, USA.
| | - Steve Falcoz
- Department of Physical Therapy, The College of Staten Island, 2800 Victory Blvd, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA
| | - Jorge Morales
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY 10031, USA.
| | - Jean-Philippe Berteau
- Department of Physical Therapy, The College of Staten Island, 2800 Victory Blvd, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA.,New York Centre for Biomedical Engineering, City University of New York - City College of New York, New York 10031, USA.,Nanosciences Initiative, City University of New York - Advanced Science Research Center, New York 10031, USA
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22
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Ahmadzadeh K, Pereira M, Vanoppen M, Bernaerts E, Ko J, Mitera T, Maksoudian C, Manshian BB, Soenen S, Rose CD, Matthys P, Wouters C, Behmoaras J. Multinucleation resets human macrophages for specialized functions at the expense of their identity. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e56310. [PMID: 36597777 PMCID: PMC9986822 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202256310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages undergo plasma membrane fusion and cell multinucleation to form multinucleated giant cells (MGCs) such as osteoclasts in bone, Langhans giant cells (LGCs) as part of granulomas or foreign-body giant cells (FBGCs) in reaction to exogenous material. How multinucleation per se contributes to functional specialization of mature mononuclear macrophages remains poorly understood in humans. Here, we integrate comparative transcriptomics with functional assays in purified mature mononuclear and multinucleated human osteoclasts, LGCs and FBGCs. Strikingly, in all three types of MGCs, multinucleation causes a pronounced downregulation of macrophage identity. We show enhanced lysosome-mediated intracellular iron homeostasis promoting MGC formation. The transition from mononuclear to multinuclear state is accompanied by cell specialization specific to each polykaryon. Enhanced phagocytic and mitochondrial function associate with FBGCs and osteoclasts, respectively. Moreover, human LGCs preferentially express B7-H3 (CD276) and can form granuloma-like clusters in vitro, suggesting that their multinucleation potentiates T cell activation. These findings demonstrate how cell-cell fusion and multinucleation reset human macrophage identity as part of an advanced maturation step that confers MGC-specific functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kourosh Ahmadzadeh
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega InstituteKU Leuven—University of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Marie Pereira
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Hammersmith HospitalImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Margot Vanoppen
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega InstituteKU Leuven—University of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Eline Bernaerts
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega InstituteKU Leuven—University of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Jeong‐Hun Ko
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Hammersmith HospitalImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Tania Mitera
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega InstituteKU Leuven—University of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Christy Maksoudian
- NanoHealth and Optical Imaging Group, Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and PathologyKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Bella B Manshian
- Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and PathologyKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Stefaan Soenen
- NanoHealth and Optical Imaging Group, Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and PathologyKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Carlos D Rose
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology Nemours Children's HospitalThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Patrick Matthys
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega InstituteKU Leuven—University of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Carine Wouters
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega InstituteKU Leuven—University of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Division Pediatric RheumatologyUZ LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- European Reference Network for Rare ImmunodeficiencyAutoinflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases (RITA) at University Hospital LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Jacques Behmoaras
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Hammersmith HospitalImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders and Centre for Computational BiologyDuke‐NUS Medical School SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
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23
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Molecular Basis beyond Interrelated Bone Resorption/Regeneration in Periodontal Diseases: A Concise Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054599. [PMID: 36902030 PMCID: PMC10003253 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is the sixth most common chronic inflammatory disease, destroying the tissues supporting the teeth. There are three distinct stages in periodontitis: infection, inflammation, and tissue destruction, where each stage has its own characteristics and hence its line of treatment. Illuminating the underlying mechanisms of alveolar bone loss is vital in the treatment of periodontitis to allow for subsequent reconstruction of the periodontium. Bone cells, including osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and bone marrow stromal cells, classically were thought to control bone destruction in periodontitis. Lately, osteocytes were found to assist in inflammation-related bone remodeling besides being able to initiate physiological bone remodeling. Furthermore, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) either transplanted or homed exhibit highly immunosuppressive properties, such as preventing monocytes/hematopoietic precursor differentiation and downregulating excessive release of inflammatory cytokines. In the early stages of bone regeneration, an acute inflammatory response is critical for the recruitment of MSCs, controlling their migration, and their differentiation. Later during bone remodeling, the interaction and balance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines could regulate MSC properties, resulting in either bone formation or bone resorption. This narrative review elaborates on the important interactions between inflammatory stimuli during periodontal diseases, bone cells, MSCs, and subsequent bone regeneration or bone resorption. Understanding these concepts will open up new possibilities for promoting bone regeneration and hindering bone loss caused by periodontal diseases.
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24
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Fernández Vallone V, Borzone FR, Martinez LM, Giorello MB, Choi H, Dimase F, Feldman L, Bordenave RH, Chudzinski-Tavassi AM, Batagelj E, Chasseing NA. Spontaneous Osteoclastogenesis, a risk factor for bone metastasis in advanced luminal A-type breast cancer patients. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1073793. [PMID: 36890825 PMCID: PMC9986318 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1073793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Osteolytic bone metastasis in advanced breast cancer stages are a major complication for patient´s quality life and a sign of low survival prognosis. Permissive microenvironments which allow cancer cell secondary homing and later proliferation are fundamental for metastatic processes. The causes and mechanisms behind bone metastasis in breast cancer patients are still an unsolved puzzle. Therefore, in this work we contribute to describe bone marrow pre-metastatic niche in advanced breast cancer patients. Results We show an increase in osteoclasts precursors with a concomitant imbalance towards spontaneous osteoclastogenesis which can be evidenced at bone marrow and peripheral levels. Pro-osteoclastogenic factors RANKL and CCL-2 may contribute to bone resorption signature observed in bone marrow. Meanwhile, expression levels of specific microRNAs in primary breast tumors may already indicate a pro-osteoclastogenic scenario prior to bone metastasis. Discussion The discovery of prognostic biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets linked to bone metastasis initiation and development are a promising perspective for preventive treatments and metastasis management in advanced breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Fernández Vallone
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Core Unit Pluripotent Stem Cells and Organoids, Berlin, Germany
| | - Francisco Raúl Borzone
- Laboratorio de Inmunohematología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leandro Marcelo Martinez
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - María Belén Giorello
- Laboratorio de Inmunohematología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hosoon Choi
- Research Service, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas, TX, United States
| | - Federico Dimase
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Militar Central, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leonardo Feldman
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPB), Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Ana Marisa Chudzinski-Tavassi
- Laboratory of Development and Innovation/Center of Excellence in New Target Discovery, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Emilio Batagelj
- Servicio de Oncología, Hospital Militar Central, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Norma Alejandra Chasseing
- Laboratorio de Inmunohematología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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25
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Multiple Genetic Loci Associated with Pug Dog Thoracolumbar Myelopathy. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14020385. [PMID: 36833311 PMCID: PMC9957375 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pug dogs with thoracolumbar myelopathy (PDM) present with a specific clinical phenotype that includes progressive pelvic limb ataxia and paresis, commonly accompanied by incontinence. Vertebral column malformations and lesions, excessive scar tissue of the meninges, and central nervous system inflammation have been described. PDM has a late onset and affects more male than female dogs. The breed-specific presentation of the disorder suggests that genetic risk factors are involved in the disease development. To perform a genome-wide search for PDM-associated loci, we applied a Bayesian model adapted for mapping complex traits (BayesR) and a cross-population extended haplotype homozygosity test (XP-EHH) in 51 affected and 38 control pugs. Nineteen associated loci (harboring 67 genes in total, including 34 potential candidate genes) and three candidate regions under selection (with four genes within or next to the signal) were identified. The multiple candidate genes identified have implicated functions in bone homeostasis, fibrotic scar tissue, inflammatory responses, or the formation, regulation, and differentiation of cartilage, suggesting the potential relevance of these processes to the pathogenesis of PDM.
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26
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Albrektsson T, Tengvall P, Amengual L, Coli P, Kotsakis GA, Cochran D. Osteoimmune regulation underlies oral implant osseointegration and its perturbation. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1056914. [PMID: 36761175 PMCID: PMC9902598 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1056914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In the field of biomaterials, an endosseous implant is now recognized as an osteoimmunomodulatory but not bioinert biomaterial. Scientific advances in bone cell biology and in immunology have revealed a close relationship between the bone and immune systems resulting in a field of science called osteoimmunology. These discoveries have allowed for a novel interpretation of osseointegration as representing an osteoimmune reaction rather than a classic bone healing response, in which the activation state of macrophages ((M1-M2 polarization) appears to play a critical role. Through this viewpoint, the immune system is responsible for isolating the implant biomaterial foreign body by forming bone around the oral implant effectively shielding off the implant from the host bone system, i.e. osseointegration becomes a continuous and dynamic host defense reaction. At the same time, this has led to the proposal of a new model of osseointegration, the foreign body equilibrium (FBE). In addition, as an oral wound, the soft tissues are involved with all their innate immune characteristics. When implant integration is viewed as an osteoimmune reaction, this has implications for how marginal bone is regulated. For example, while bacteria are constitutive components of the soft tissue sulcus, if the inflammatory front and immune reaction is at some distance from the marginal bone, an equilibrium is established. If however, this inflammation approaches the marginal bone, an immune osteoclastic reaction occurs and marginal bone is removed. A number of clinical scenarios can be envisioned whereby the osteoimmune equilibrium is disturbed and marginal bone loss occurs, such as complications of aseptic nature and the synergistic activation of pro-inflammatory pathways (implant/wear debris, DAMPs, and PAMPs). Understanding that an implant is a foreign body and that the host reacts osteoimmunologically to shield off the implant allows for a distinction to be drawn between osteoimmunological conditions and peri-implant bone loss. This review will examine dental implant placement as an osteoimmune reaction and its implications for marginal bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Albrektsson
- Department of Biomaterials, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - P. Tengvall
- Department of Biomaterials, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden,*Correspondence: P. Tengvall,
| | - L. Amengual
- Dental Implantology Unit, Hospital Leonardo Guzmán, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - P. Coli
- Edinburgh Dental Specialists, Edinburgh, United Kingdom,Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Material Science, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden,Department of Dental Material Science, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - G. A. Kotsakis
- Department of Periodontology, University of Texas, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - D. Cochran
- Department of Periodontology, University of Texas, San Antonio, TX, United States
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27
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Binding of Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase to TLR4 Signalling Allows Tissue Factor Activation in Monocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012207. [PMID: 36293061 PMCID: PMC9603380 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) is involved in the progression of atherosclerosis, since its enzymatic activity promotes the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Besides, GGT may act as a prothrombotic factor by inducing tissue factor (TF) expression, independently of its enzymatic activity. The aim of this study was to assess whether GGT-induced TF stimulation was a consequence of binding to toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expressed on monocytes, the precursors of macrophages and foam cells which colocalize with GGT activity within atherosclerotic plaques. Experiments were performed in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), THP-1 cells (a monocytic cellular model), and HEK293 cells, which were genetically modified to study the activation of TLR4. TF procoagulant activity was assessed by a one-stage clotting time test, and TF protein expression was estimated by western blot. Human recombinant (hr) GGT protein increased TF procoagulant activity and protein expression in both PBMCs and THP-1 cells. The GGT-induced TF stimulation was prevented by cellular pretreatment with TLR4/NF-κB inhibitors (LPS-Rs, CLI-095, and BAY-11-7082), and HEK293 cells lacking TLR4 confirmed that TLR4 is essential for GGT-induced activation of NF-κB. In conclusion, hrGGT induced TF expression in monocytes through a cytokine-like mechanism that involved the activation of TLR4/NF-κB signaling.
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28
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Trimethylamine-N-Oxide Promotes Osteoclast Differentiation and Bone Loss via Activating ROS-Dependent NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14193955. [PMID: 36235607 PMCID: PMC9573743 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), an important gut microbiota (GM)-derived metabolite, has been shown to be abnormally increased in osteoporosis. However, the role and underlying mechanism of TMAO in regulating bone loss during osteoporosis have not been fully investigated. In the current study, we found that 100–400 μM TMAO dose-dependently enhanced TRAP-positive osteoclasts, F-actin ring formation, and resorption area on bovine bone slices and up-regulated osteoclast-related gene expression (Calcr, Traf6, Dcstamp, Acp5, C-Fos, and NFATc1). Western blotting validated that TMAO not only activated NF-κB signaling pathway but also stimulated c-Fos and NFATc1 protein expression in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, BAY 11-7082, an NF-κB inhibitor, pretreatment markedly suppressed TRAP-positive osteoclast formation and osteoclast-related genes under TMAO treatment. BAY 11-7082 also inhibited p-p65/p65, c-Fos, and NFATc1 protein expression promoted by TMAO. Moreover, TMAO significantly increased ROS production, which was inhibited by N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an ROS antagonist. In addition, we proved that NAC pretreatment could inhibit TMAO-promoted NF-κB activation. NAC also suppressed TRAP-positive osteoclast formation, osteoclast-related gene expression, and protein expression of c-Fos and NFATc1 under TMAO treatment. In vivo studies showed significantly decreased bone mass and increased TRAP-positive osteoclasts in TMAO-treated C57BL/6 mice. Moreover, western-blotting and immunohistochemical staining showed that TMAO administration markedly stimulated NF-κB p65 expression. Additionally, TMAO administration significantly promoted the gene and protein expression of C-Fos and NFATc1. In conclusion, TMAO could promote osteoclast differentiation and induce bone loss in mice by activating the ROS-dependent NF-κB signaling pathway.
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29
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Asperuloside Prevents Peri-Implantitis via Suppression of NF-κB and ERK1/2 on Rats. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15081027. [PMID: 36015175 PMCID: PMC9412302 DOI: 10.3390/ph15081027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Peri-implantitis is characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration and hyperactivation of the osteoclasts surrounding dental implants which can result in bone resorption and ultimately implant failure. Therefore, coordinating the activity of inflammatory response and bone-resorbing osteoclasts is crucial for the prevention of peri-implantitis. Asperuloside (ASP), an iridoid glycoside, has significant anti-inflammatory activities, suggesting the great potential in attenuating peri-implantitis bone resorption. A ligature-induced peri-implantitis model in the maxilla of rats was established, and the effects of ASP on preventing peri-implantitis were evaluated after four weeks of ligation using micro-CT and histological staining. RT-PCR, western blotting, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), and immunofluorescent staining were conducted on osteoclasts to confirm the mechanisms of ASP on osteoclastogenesis. The results show that ASP could lead to attenuation of alveolar bone resorption in peri-implantitis by inhibiting osteoclast formation and decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in vivo. Furthermore, ASP could inhibit osteoclastogenesis by downregulating expression levels of transcription factors nuclear factor of activated T-cell (NFATc1) via restraining the activations of nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB) and the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2). In conclusion, ASP could significantly attenuate bone resorption in peri-implantitis via inhibition of osteoclastogenesis by suppressing NF-κB and ERK1/2 signaling pathways activations.
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30
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Osteostatin Inhibits M-CSF+RANKL-Induced Human Osteoclast Differentiation by Modulating NFATc1. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158551. [PMID: 35955685 PMCID: PMC9369336 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) C-terminal peptides regulate the metabolism of bone cells. PHTrP [107–111] (osteostatin) promotes bone repair in animal models of bone defects and prevents bone erosion in inflammatory arthritis. In addition to its positive effects on osteoblasts, osteostatin may inhibit bone resorption. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of osteostatin on human osteoclast differentiation and function. We used macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) to induce the osteoclast differentiation of adherent human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining was performed for the detection of the osteoclasts. The function of mature osteoclasts was assessed with a pit resorption assay. Gene expression was evaluated with qRT-PCR, and nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) nuclear translocation was studied by immunofluorescence. We observed that osteostatin (100, 250 and 500 nM) decreased the differentiation of osteoclasts in a concentration-dependent manner, but it did not modify the resorptive ability of mature osteoclasts. In addition, osteostatin decreased the mRNA levels of cathepsin K, osteoclast associated Ig-like receptor (OSCAR) and NFATc1. The nuclear translocation of the master transcription factor in osteoclast differentiation NFATc1 was reduced by osteostatin. Our results suggest that the anti-resorptive effects of osteostatin may be dependent on the inhibition of osteoclastogenesis. This study has shown that osteostatin controls human osteoclast differentiation in vitro through the downregulation of NFATc1.
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31
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Kim SC, Kim HJ, Park GE, Lee CW, Synytsya A, Capek P, Park YI. Sulfated Glucuronorhamnoxylan from Capsosiphon fulvescens Ameliorates Osteoporotic Bone Resorption via Inhibition of Osteoclastic Cell Differentiation and Function In Vitro and In Vivo. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 24:690-705. [PMID: 35796894 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-022-10136-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Excessive osteoclast differentiation and/or bone resorptive function causes a gradual loss of bone, leading to the pathogenesis of bone diseases such as osteoporosis (OP). In this study, a sulfated glucuronorhamnoxylan polysaccharide (designated SPS-CF) of the green alga Capsosiphon fulvescens was evaluated for anti-osteoporotic activity using osteoclastic cells differentiated from RAW264.7 macrophages by receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) treatment and ovariectomized (OVX) female mice as a postmenopausal OP model. With negligible cytotoxicity, SPS-CF (50 μg/mL) significantly suppressed tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity, actin ring formation, and expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), cathepsin K, TRAF6, p-Pyk2, c-Cbl, c-Src, gelsolin, carbonic anhydrase II (CA II), and integrin β3, indicating that SPS-CF inhibits the differentiation and bone resorptive function of osteoclasts. Removal of sulfate groups from SPS-CF abolished its anti-osteoclastogenic activities, demonstrating that sulfate groups are critical for its activity. Oral administration of SPS-CF (400 mg/kg/day) to OVX mice significantly augmented the bone mineral density (BMD) and serum osteoprotegerin (OPG)/RANKL ratio. These results demonstrated that SPS-CF exerts significant anti-osteoporotic activity by dampening osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption via downregulation of TRAF6-c-Src-Pyk2-c-Cbl-gelsolin signaling and augmentation of serum OPG/RANKL ratios in OVX mice, suggesting that SPS-CF can be a novel anti-osteoporotic compound for treating postmenopausal OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Cheol Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Jeong Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Eun Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Won Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Andriy Synytsya
- Department of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague, 6, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Capek
- Institute of Chemistry, Centre for Glycomics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Yong Il Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea.
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32
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Jung SY, Min BM. A vitronectin-derived dimeric peptide suppresses osteoclastogenesis by binding to c-Fms and inhibiting M-CSF signaling. Exp Cell Res 2022; 418:113252. [PMID: 35697077 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Vitronectin is an abundant multifunctional glycoprotein found in serum, the extracellular matrix, and bone, and is involved in diverse physiological processes. Here, we developed a new bioactive dimeric peptide (VnP-8-DN1 dimer) from a human vitronectin-derived motif (IDAAFTRINCQG; residues 206-217; VnP-8) via removal of an isoleucine residue at the N-terminus of VnP-8 and spontaneous air oxidation. The VnP-8-DN1 dimer potently enhanced cell attachment activity, and this activity was mediated by binding to cellular heparan sulfate proteoglycan receptors. Moreover, the VnP-8-DN1 dimer suppressed osteoclast differentiation by blocking the early stage of osteoclastogenesis induced by macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL). Furthermore, the VnP-8-DN1 dimer decreased the bone-resorbing activity of osteoclasts and increased the survival of osteoclast precursor cells by decreasing the cellular level of c-Fms and reducing RANK expression. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the VnP-8-DN1 dimer inhibits the early stages of M-CSF- and RANK-induced osteoclast differentiation by binding to c-Fms and inhibiting M-CSF signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Youn Jung
- Department of Oral Biochemistry and Program in Cancer and Developmental Biology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Moo Min
- Department of Oral Biochemistry and Program in Cancer and Developmental Biology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
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33
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Ma M, Fan AY, Liu Z, Yang LQ, Huang JM, Pang ZY, Yin F. Baohuoside I Inhibits Osteoclastogenesis and Protects Against Ovariectomy-Induced Bone Loss. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:874952. [PMID: 35571086 PMCID: PMC9092047 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.874952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone-resorbing osteoclasts are essential for skeletal remodelling, and the hyperactive formation and function of osteoclasts are common in bone metabolic diseases, especially postmenopausal osteoporosis. Therefore, regulating the osteoclast differentiation is a major therapeutic target in osteoporosis treatment. Icariin has shown potential osteoprotective effects. However, existing studies have reported limited bioavailability of icariin, and the material basis of icariin for anti-osteoporosis is attributed to its metabolites in the body. Here, we compared the effects of icariin and its metabolites (icariside I, baohuoside I, and icaritin) on osteoclastogenesis by high-content screening followed by TRAP staining and identified baohuoside I (BS) with an optimal effect. Then, we evaluated the effects of BS on osteoclast differentiation and bone resorptive activity in both in vivo and in vitro experiments. In an in vitro study, BS inhibited osteoclast formation and bone resorption function in a dose-dependent manner, and the elevated osteoclastic-related genes induced by RANKL, such as NFATc1, cathepsin K, RANK, and TRAP, were also attenuated following BS treatment. In an in vivo study, OVX-induced bone loss could be prevented by BS through interrupting the osteoclast formation and activity in mice. Furthermore, mechanistic investigation demonstrated that BS inhibited osteoclast differentiation by ameliorating the activation of the MAPK and NF-kB pathways and reducing the expression of uPAR. Our study demonstrated that baohuoside I could inhibit osteoclast differentiation and protect bone loss following ovariectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ma
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ao-Yuan Fan
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Qing Yang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Ming Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhi-Ying Pang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Yin
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Clinical Research Centre for Ageing and Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Philip R, Fiorino C, Harrison RE. Terminally differentiated osteoclasts organize centrosomes into large clusters for microtubule nucleation and bone resorption. Mol Biol Cell 2022; 33:ar68. [PMID: 35511803 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e22-03-0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts are highly specialized, multinucleated cells responsible for the selective resorption of the dense, calcified bone matrix. Microtubules (MTs) contribute to the polarization and trafficking events involved in bone resorption by osteoclasts, however the origin of these elaborate arrays is less clear. Osteoclasts arise through cell fusion of precursor cells. Previous studies have suggested that centrosome MT nucleation is lost during this process, with the nuclear membrane and its surrounding Golgi serving as the major microtubule organizing centres (MTOCs) in these cells. Here we reveal that precursor cell centrosomes are maintained and functional in the multinucleated osteoclast and interestingly form large MTOC clusters, with the clusters organizing significantly more MTs, compared to individual centrosomes. MTOC cluster formation requires dynamic microtubules and minus-end directed MT motor activity. Inhibition of these centrosome clustering elements had a marked impact on both F-actin ring formation and bone resorption. Together these findings show that multinucleated osteoclasts employ unique centrosomal clusters to organize the extensive microtubules during bone attachment and resorption. [Media: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Reuben Philip
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1A8.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5G 1 × 5
| | - Cara Fiorino
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology and the Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4
| | - Rene E Harrison
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology and the Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4
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35
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Kim GM, Park H, Lee SY. Roles of osteoclast-associated receptor in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Joint Bone Spine 2022; 89:105400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2022.105400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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36
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Feng Y, Tran MT, Lu Y, Htike K, Okusha Y, Sogawa C, Eguchi T, Kadowaki T, Sakai E, Tsukuba T, Okamoto K. Rab34 plays a critical role as a bidirectional regulator of osteoclastogenesis. Cell Biochem Funct 2022; 40:263-277. [PMID: 35285960 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that Rab GTPases representing the largest branch of Ras superfamily have recently emerged as the core factors for the regulation of osteoclastogenesis through modulating vesicular transport amongst specific subcellular compartments. Among these, Rab34 GTPase has been identified to be important for the post-Golgi secretory pathway and for phagocytosis; nevertheless, its specific role in osteoclastogenesis has been completely obscure. Here, upon the in vitro model of osteoclast formation derived from murine macrophages like RAW-D cells or bone marrow-derived macrophages, we reveal that Rab34 regulates osteoclastogenesis bidirectionally. More specifically, Rab34 serves as a negative regulator of osteoclast differentiation by promoting the lysosome-induced proteolysis of two osteoclastogenic surface receptors, c-fms and RANK, via the axis of early endosomes-late endosomes-lysosomes, leading to alleviate the transcriptional activity of two of the master regulator of osteoclast differentiation, c-fos and NFATc-1, eventually attenuating osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. Besides, Rab34 plays a crucial role in modulating the secretory network of lysosome-related proteases including matrix metalloprotease 9 and Cathepsin K across the ruffled borders of osteoclasts, contributing to the regulation of bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Feng
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Manh Tien Tran
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yanyin Lu
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kaung Htike
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yuka Okusha
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Chiharu Sogawa
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Hiroshima Institute of Technology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takanori Eguchi
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.,Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kadowaki
- Department of Frontier Oral Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Eiko Sakai
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takayuki Tsukuba
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Okamoto
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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Yamamoto Y, Kokubo Y, Nakajima H, Honjoh K, Watanabe S, Matsumine A. Distribution and Polarization of Hematogenous Macrophages Associated with the Progression of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2022; 47:E149-E158. [PMID: 34545043 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000004222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN In vivo study using immunostaining and immunoblot analysis. OBJECTIVE To determine the distribution of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), macrophage polarization and cytokine expression in the process of intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Knowledge of the detailed distribution of exogeneous macrophages in the disc degeneration process is important for understanding the pathomechanisms and establishing novel therapeutic targets. METHODS To distinguish BMDMs, GFP-labeled bone marrow chimeric rats (n = 12) were generated. The degenerative process of the intervertebral disc was reproduced in a rat caudal disc puncture model (n = 49). Immunofluorescence staining was performed to observe the distribution of BMDMs, Iba-1 and GFP double-positive cells, and Iba-1 and iNOS (M1 macrophage) or arginase-1 (M2 macrophage) double-positive cells. Immunoblot analysis was used to evaluate differences in cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, TGF-β, IL-4, and IL-10) depending on the distribution of BMDMs. RESULTS BMDMs infiltrated into the outer annulus fibrosus and endplate, while increasing tissue-resident macrophage was observed inside the annulus fibrosus/nucleus pulposus. The ratio of BMDMs and the polarity change differed among the regions. Especially in the endplate, BMDMs increased gradually and the macrophage phenotype was M2 dominant. Expression of IL-1β decreased gradually at endplate, and that of IL-4 increased early after disc puncture at inside of the annulus fibrosus. CONCLUSION During the disc degeneration process, BMDMs were observed mainly around the endplate and outside area of the annulus fibrosus, with few in the inside area of annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus. Compared to other IVD area, macrophage polarity and cytokine expression is concomitantly M2-dominant in endplate. Increased hematogenous M2-phenotype macrophages in endplate with progression of IVD degeneration could enhance our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of disc degeneration.Level of Evidence: N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Yamamoto
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, Japan
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Tonk CH, Shoushrah SH, Babczyk P, El Khaldi-Hansen B, Schulze M, Herten M, Tobiasch E. Therapeutic Treatments for Osteoporosis-Which Combination of Pills Is the Best among the Bad? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1393. [PMID: 35163315 PMCID: PMC8836178 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a chronical, systemic skeletal disorder characterized by an increase in bone resorption, which leads to reduced bone density. The reduction in bone mineral density and therefore low bone mass results in an increased risk of fractures. Osteoporosis is caused by an imbalance in the normally strictly regulated bone homeostasis. This imbalance is caused by overactive bone-resorbing osteoclasts, while bone-synthesizing osteoblasts do not compensate for this. In this review, the mechanism is presented, underlined by in vitro and animal models to investigate this imbalance as well as the current status of clinical trials. Furthermore, new therapeutic strategies for osteoporosis are presented, such as anabolic treatments and catabolic treatments and treatments using biomaterials and biomolecules. Another focus is on new combination therapies with multiple drugs which are currently considered more beneficial for the treatment of osteoporosis than monotherapies. Taken together, this review starts with an overview and ends with the newest approaches for osteoporosis therapies and a future perspective not presented so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Horst Tonk
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, von-Liebig-Str. 20, 53359 Rheinbach, Germany; (C.H.T.); (S.H.S.); (P.B.); (B.E.K.-H.); (M.S.); (E.T.)
| | - Sarah Hani Shoushrah
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, von-Liebig-Str. 20, 53359 Rheinbach, Germany; (C.H.T.); (S.H.S.); (P.B.); (B.E.K.-H.); (M.S.); (E.T.)
| | - Patrick Babczyk
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, von-Liebig-Str. 20, 53359 Rheinbach, Germany; (C.H.T.); (S.H.S.); (P.B.); (B.E.K.-H.); (M.S.); (E.T.)
| | - Basma El Khaldi-Hansen
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, von-Liebig-Str. 20, 53359 Rheinbach, Germany; (C.H.T.); (S.H.S.); (P.B.); (B.E.K.-H.); (M.S.); (E.T.)
| | - Margit Schulze
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, von-Liebig-Str. 20, 53359 Rheinbach, Germany; (C.H.T.); (S.H.S.); (P.B.); (B.E.K.-H.); (M.S.); (E.T.)
| | - Monika Herten
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Edda Tobiasch
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, von-Liebig-Str. 20, 53359 Rheinbach, Germany; (C.H.T.); (S.H.S.); (P.B.); (B.E.K.-H.); (M.S.); (E.T.)
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Ma Y, Ran D, Zhao H, Shi X, Song R, Zou H, Liu Z. The effect of P2X7R- mediated Ca 2+ and MAPK signaling in OPG-induced duck embryo osteoclasts differentiation and adhesive structure damage. Life Sci 2022; 293:120337. [PMID: 35074408 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Various factors cause animal bone malnutrition disease during intensive culture. Osteoclasts play an important role in regulating bone metabolism disease. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) modulates osteoclast function; however, the mechanism underlying this effect is unknown. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore whether OPG affects duck embryo osteoclast function via purinergic receptor P2X7. OPG significantly inhibited duck embryo osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption, and suppressed F-actin formation. In addition, OPG remarkably impaired duck embryo osteoclasts' adhesive structure. After OPG treatment, the expression of P2X7R significantly reduced, the ATP level and Ca2+-ATPase activity decreased rapidly, and concomitantly suppressed calcium and MAPK signaling. A438079 (a selective P2X7R inhibitor) significantly inhibited duck embryo osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption, and the phosphorylation of Ca2+ regulated proteins (CAM, CAMKII, CAMKIV) and MAPKs (ERK, JNK, and P38) were markedly suppressed. Pretreatment of duck embryo osteoclasts with BzATP, a P2X7R agonist, activated Ca2+ and MAPK signaling. BzATP alleviated OPG-induced duck embryo osteoclast differentiation and adhesive structure damage, and recovered the distribution of adhesion-related proteins in mature duck embryo osteoclasts. Thus, P2RX7-mediated Ca2+ and MAPK signaling has a key function in OPG-induced duck embryo osteoclast differentiation and adhesive structure damage. P2X7R might be an ideal target to treat bone diseases through regulating bone cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China
| | - Di Ran
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China
| | - Xueni Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China
| | - Ruilong Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China
| | - Hui Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China.
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40
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Zhang P, Ye J, Dai J, Wang Y, Chen G, Hu J, Hu Q, Fei J. Gallic acid inhibits osteoclastogenesis and prevents ovariectomy-induced bone loss. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:963237. [PMID: 36601012 PMCID: PMC9807166 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.963237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common metabolic bone disease with a rapidly increasing prevalence, characterized by massive bone loss because of excessive osteoclast formation. Gallic acid (GA), a phenolic acid isolated from Cornus officinalis, has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects, but its effect on osteoclast formation has not been confirmed. In our study, we demonstrated that GA significantly inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and function of osteoclast in bone marrow monocytes (BMMs) and RAW264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner without cytotoxicity. For molecular mechanisms, GA repressed osteoclastogenesis by blocking Akt, ERK, and JNK pathways, and suppressed osteoclastogenesis-related marker expression, including nuclear factor of the activated T-cell cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1), c-Fos, and cathepsin K (CTSK). In addition, we further assessed the effect of GA in an ovariectomized mouse model, which indicated that GA has a notable effect on preventing bone loss. In conclusion, GA exerts notable effects in inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and preventing ovariectomy-induced bone loss, suggesting that GA is a potential agent in osteoporosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiekai Ye
- Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiale Dai
- The Third Clinical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Genjun Chen
- Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinping Hu
- Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qimiao Hu
- The Third Clinical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qimiao Hu, ; Jun Fei,
| | - Jun Fei
- Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qimiao Hu, ; Jun Fei,
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41
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Sun Y, Li J, Xie X, Gu F, Sui Z, Zhang K, Yu T. Macrophage-Osteoclast Associations: Origin, Polarization, and Subgroups. Front Immunol 2021; 12:778078. [PMID: 34925351 PMCID: PMC8672114 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.778078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular associations in the bone microenvironment are involved in modulating the balance between bone remodeling and resorption, which is necessary for maintaining a normal bone morphology. Macrophages and osteoclasts are both vital components of the bone marrow. Macrophages can interact with osteoclasts and regulate bone metabolism by secreting a variety of cytokines, which make a significant contribution to the associations. Although, recent studies have fully explored either macrophages or osteoclasts, indicating the significance of these two types of cells. However, it is of high importance to report the latest discoveries on the relationships between these two myeloid-derived cells in the field of osteoimmunology. Therefore, this paper reviews this topic from three novel aspects of the origin, polarization, and subgroups based on the previous work, to provide a reference for future research and treatment of bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiangbi Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoping Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Feng Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhenjiang Sui
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tiecheng Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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42
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Yadav AM, Bagade MM, Ghumnani S, Raman S, Saha B, Kubatzky KF, Ashma R. The phytochemical plumbagin reciprocally modulates osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Biol Chem 2021; 403:211-229. [PMID: 34882360 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2021-0290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Bone metabolism is essential for maintaining bone mineral density and bone strength through a balance between bone formation and bone resorption. Bone formation is associated with osteoblast activity whereas bone resorption is linked to osteoclast differentiation. Osteoblast progenitors give rise to the formation of mature osteoblasts whereas monocytes are the precursors for multi-nucleated osteoclasts. Chronic inflammation, auto-inflammation, hormonal changes or adiposity have the potential to disturb the balance between bone formation and bone loss. Several plant-derived components are described to modulate bone metabolism and alleviate osteoporosis by enhancing bone formation and inhibiting bone resorption. The plant-derived naphthoquinone plumbagin is a bioactive compound that can be isolated from the roots of the Plumbago genus. It has been used as traditional medicine for treating infectious diseases, rheumatoid arthritis and dermatological diseases. Reportedly, plumbagin exerts its biological activities primarily through induction of reactive oxygen species and triggers osteoblast-mediated bone formation. It is plausible that plumbagin's reciprocal actions - inhibiting or inducing death in osteoclasts but promoting survival or growth of osteoblasts - are a function of the synergy with bone-metabolizing hormones calcitonin, Parathormone and vitamin D. Herein, we develop a framework for plausible molecular modus operandi of plumbagin in bone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash M Yadav
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Manali M Bagade
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Soni Ghumnani
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sujatha Raman
- Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (CCIH), Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences (ISHS), Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bhaskar Saha
- National Center for Cell Science, Pune-411007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Katharina F Kubatzky
- Zentrum für Infektiologie, Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Richa Ashma
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India
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Abraham DM, Herman C, Witek L, Cronstein BN, Flores RL, Coelho PG. Self-assembling human skeletal organoids for disease modeling and drug testing. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2021; 110:871-884. [PMID: 34837719 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal conditions represent a considerable challenge to health systems globally. Barriers to effective therapeutic development include a lack of accurate preclinical tissue and disease models. Most recently, work was attempted to present a novel whole organ approach to modeling human bone and cartilage tissues. These self-assembling skeletal organoids mimic the cellular milieu and extracellular organization present in native tissues. Bone organoids demonstrated osteogenesis and micro vessel formation, and cartilage organoids showed evidence of cartilage development and maturation. Skeletal organoids derived from both bone and cartilage tissues yielded spontaneous polarization of their cartilaginous and bone components. Using these hybrid skeletal organoids, we successfully generated "mini joint" cultures, which we used to model inflammatory disease and test Adenosine (A2A ) receptor agonists as a therapeutic agent. The work and respective results indicated that skeletal organoids can be an effective biological model for tissue development and disease as well as to test therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana M Abraham
- Department of Biomaterials, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York, USA
| | - Calvin Herman
- Department of Biomaterials, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lukasz Witek
- Department of Biomaterials, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Bruce N Cronstein
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Roberto L Flores
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Paulo G Coelho
- Department of Biomaterials, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York, USA.,Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, New York, USA
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Sithole C, Pieterse C, Howard K, Kasonga A. GPR120 Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclast Formation and Resorption by Attenuating Reactive Oxygen Species Production in RAW264.7 Murine Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910544. [PMID: 34638884 PMCID: PMC8508775 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts are large, multinucleated cells that are responsible for the resorption of bone. Bone degenerative diseases, such as osteoporosis, are characterized by overactive osteoclasts. Receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL) binding to its receptor on osteoclast precursors will trigger osteoclast formation and resorption. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is known to play a crucial role in RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and resorption. G-protein coupled receptor 120 (GPR120) signalling has been shown to affect osteoclast formation, but the exact mechanisms of action require further investigation. RAW264.7 murine macrophages were seeded into culture plates and exposed to the GPR120 agonist, TUG-891, at varying concentrations (20–100 µM) and RANKL to induce osteoclast formation. TUG-891 was shown to inhibit osteoclast formation and resorption without affecting cell viability in RAW264.7 macrophages. TUG-891 further decreased ROS production when compared to RANKL only cells. Antioxidant proteins, Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1 were shown to be upregulated while the ROS inducing protein, Nox1, was downregulated by TUG-891. Gene silencing revealed that TUG-891 exerted its effects specifically through GPR120. This study reveals that GPR120 signalling may inhibit osteoclast formation and resorption through inhibition on ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Sithole
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (C.S.); (C.P.)
| | - Carla Pieterse
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (C.S.); (C.P.)
| | - Kayla Howard
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 8000, South Africa;
| | - Abe Kasonga
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (C.S.); (C.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +27-12-319-2433
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Larcher I, Scheiner S. Parameter reduction, sensitivity studies, and correlation analyses applied to a mechanobiologically regulated bone cell population model of the bone metabolism. Comput Biol Med 2021; 136:104717. [PMID: 34426166 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
When striving for reconstructing and predicting bone remodeling processes by means of mathematical models, cell population models have become a popular option. From a conceptual point of view, these models are able to take into account an arbitrary amount of regulatory mechanisms driving the development of bone cells and their activities. However, in most cases, the models include a large number of parameters; and most of those parameters cannot be measured, which certainly compromises the credibility of cell population models. Here, new insights are presented as to the potential improvement of this unsatisfactory situation. In particular, a previously published bone remodeling model was considered, and based on combination and merging of the original parameters, the total number of parameters could be reduced from 28 to 18, without impairing the model's versatility and significance. Furthermore, a comprehensive number of one- and two-variable sensitivity studies were performed, pointing out which parameters (alone and in combination with other parameters) influence the model predictions significantly - for that purpose, the mean squared relative error (MSRE) between simulations based on the original parameters and based on varied parameters was considered as failure measure. It has turned out that the model is significantly more sensitive to parameters which can be considered as phenomenological (such as differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis rates) than to parameters which are directly related to specific processes (such as dissociation rate constants, and maximum concentrations of the involved factors). Using common correlation measures (such as Pearson, Spearman, and partial ranked correlation coefficients), correlation studies revealed that the correlations between most parameters and the MSRE are weak, while a few parameters exhibited moderate correlations. In conclusion, the results shown in this paper provide valuable insights concerning the design of new experiments allowing for measurement of the parameters which are most influential in the context of bone remodeling simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Larcher
- Institute for Mechanics of Materials and Structures, (TU Wien) Vienna University of Technology, Karlsplatz 13/202, 1040, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Scheiner
- Institute for Mechanics of Materials and Structures, (TU Wien) Vienna University of Technology, Karlsplatz 13/202, 1040, Vienna, Austria.
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46
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Pei QG, Wang HC, Li L, Wang ZL. Triggering Receptor Expressed On Myeloid cells-2 Stimulates Osteoclast Differentiation and Bone Loss in Periodontitis. Oral Dis 2021; 28:1652-1661. [PMID: 34387017 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM-2) in the healthy and diseased tissue, including gingivitis or periodontitis, and then to assess if it has an impact on the development of periodontitis. METHODS AND MATERIALS The gingival tissues from healthy controls, gingivitis and periodontitis underwent haematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical staining, and the association of TREM-2 expression or TREM-2+ cell counts with clinical parameters was assessed. An anti-TREM-2 antibody was used to block the osteoclastogenesis in vitro and during the experimental periodontitis by injection into the gingiva. The relative gene expression of TREM-2 in different gingival tissues was analysed by quantitative PCR. RESULTS In the gingival tissues of periodontitis, TREM-2 expression and TREM-2+ cell counts were significantly higher than those of gingivitis and healthy controls (P<0.05). In the group of periodontitis showing moderate signs, the gingival tissues displayed significantly lower TREM-2 expression, in contrast with the group with advanced periodontal symptoms (P<0.05). Consistently, blocking TREM-2 significantly decreased osteoclast formation both in vitro and in vivo (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Increased TREM-2 expression and TREM-2+ cells were positively associated with the development of periodontitis. Osteoclast differentiation and stimulating alveolar bone loss were partly relied on TREM-2, which could be a target to be blocked for attenuating osteoclastogenesis in periodontitits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Guo Pei
- Department of Oral Implant, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, 399 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Hai-Cheng Wang
- Department of Pathology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Endodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, 399 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Zuo-Lin Wang
- Department of Oral Implant, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, 399 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China
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Berdowski WM, Sanderson LE, van Ham TJ. The multicellular interplay of microglia in health and disease: lessons from leukodystrophy. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:dmm048925. [PMID: 34282843 PMCID: PMC8319551 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.048925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia are highly dynamic cells crucial for developing and maintaining lifelong brain function and health through their many interactions with essentially all cellular components of the central nervous system. The frequent connection of microglia to leukodystrophies, genetic disorders of the white matter, has highlighted their involvement in the maintenance of white matter integrity. However, the mechanisms that underlie their putative roles in these processes remain largely uncharacterized. Microglia have also been gaining attention as possible therapeutic targets for many neurological conditions, increasing the demand to understand their broad spectrum of functions and the impact of their dysregulation. In this Review, we compare the pathological features of two groups of genetic leukodystrophies: those in which microglial dysfunction holds a central role, termed 'microgliopathies', and those in which lysosomal or peroxisomal defects are considered to be the primary driver. The latter are suspected to have notable microglia involvement, as some affected individuals benefit from microglia-replenishing therapy. Based on overlapping pathology, we discuss multiple ways through which aberrant microglia could lead to white matter defects and brain dysfunction. We propose that the study of leukodystrophies, and their extensively multicellular pathology, will benefit from complementing analyses of human patient material with the examination of cellular dynamics in vivo using animal models, such as zebrafish. Together, this will yield important insight into the cell biological mechanisms of microglial impact in the central nervous system, particularly in the development and maintenance of myelin, that will facilitate the development of new, and refinement of existing, therapeutic options for a range of brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tjakko J. van Ham
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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48
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Lu L, Chen X, Liu Y, Yu X. Gut microbiota and bone metabolism. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21740. [PMID: 34143911 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100451r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic skeletal disease. It is characterized by the deterioration of the skeletal microarchitecture and bone loss, leading to ostealgia, and even bone fractures. Accumulating evidence has indicated that there is an inextricable relationship between the gut microbiota (GM) and bone homeostasis involving host-microbiota crosstalk. Any perturbation of the GM can play an initiating and reinforcing role in disrupting the bone remodeling balance during the development of osteoporosis. Although the GM is known to influence bone metabolism, the mechanisms associated with these effects remain unclear. Herein, we review the current knowledge of how the GM affects bone metabolism in health and disease, summarize the correlation between pathogen-associated molecular patterns of GM structural components and bone metabolism, and discuss the potential mechanisms underlying how GM metabolites regulate bone turnover. Deciphering the complicated relationship between the GM and bone health will provide new insights into the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xijie Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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49
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Gong R, Xiao HM, Zhang YH, Zhao Q, Su KJ, Lin X, Mo CL, Zhang Q, Du YT, Lyu FY, Chen YC, Peng C, Liu HM, Hu SD, Pan DY, Chen Z, Li ZF, Zhou R, Wang XF, Lu JM, Ao ZX, Song YQ, Weng CY, Tian Q, Schiller MR, Papasian CJ, Brotto M, Shen H, Shen J, Deng HW. Identification and Functional Characterization of Metabolites for Bone Mass in Peri- and Postmenopausal Chinese Women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e3159-e3177. [PMID: 33693744 PMCID: PMC8277206 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Although metabolic profiles appear to play an important role in menopausal bone loss, the functional mechanisms by which metabolites influence bone mineral density (BMD) during menopause are largely unknown. OBJECTIVE We aimed to systematically identify metabolites associated with BMD variation and their potential functional mechanisms in peri- and postmenopausal women. DESIGN AND METHODS We performed serum metabolomic profiling and whole-genome sequencing for 517 perimenopausal (16%) and early postmenopausal (84%) women aged 41 to 64 years in this cross-sectional study. Partial least squares regression and general linear regression analysis were applied to identify BMD-associated metabolites, and weighted gene co-expression network analysis was performed to construct co-functional metabolite modules. Furthermore, we performed Mendelian randomization analysis to identify causal relationships between BMD-associated metabolites and BMD variation. Finally, we explored the effects of a novel prominent BMD-associated metabolite on bone metabolism through both in vivo/in vitro experiments. RESULTS Twenty metabolites and a co-functional metabolite module (consisting of fatty acids) were significantly associated with BMD variation. We found dodecanoic acid (DA), within the identified module causally decreased total hip BMD. Subsequently, the in vivo experiments might support that dietary supplementation with DA could promote bone loss, as well as increase the osteoblast and osteoclast numbers in normal/ovariectomized mice. Dodecanoic acid treatment differentially promoted osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation, especially for osteoclast differentiation at higher concentrations in vitro (eg,10, 100 μM). CONCLUSIONS This study sheds light on metabolomic profiles associated with postmenopausal osteoporosis risk, highlighting the potential importance of fatty acids, as exemplified by DA, in regulating BMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Gong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Cadre Ward Endocrinology Department, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Hong-Mei Xiao
- Center of System Biology, Data Information and Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yin-Hua Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Kuan-Jui Su
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Xu Lin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Cheng-Lin Mo
- Bone-Muscle Research Center, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas-Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ya-Ting Du
- Bone-Muscle Research Center, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas-Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng-Ye Lyu
- LC-Bio Technologies (Hangzhou) CO.LTD, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan-Cheng Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Min Liu
- Center of System Biology, Data Information and Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shi-Di Hu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dao-Yan Pan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhang-Fang Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rou Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xia-Fang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Min Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zeng-Xin Ao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Qian Song
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chan-Yan Weng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Tian
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Martin R Schiller
- Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Christopher J Papasian
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Marco Brotto
- Bone-Muscle Research Center, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas-Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Hui Shen
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
- Jie Shen, No.1 of Jiazi Road, Lunjiao, Shunde District, Foshan 528000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Center of System Biology, Data Information and Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Correspondence: Hong-Wen Deng, 1440 Canal St, Suite 2001, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
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50
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Kim HJ, Lee J, Lee GR, Kim N, Lee HI, Kwon M, Kim NY, Park JH, Kang YH, Song HJ, Kim T, Shin DM, Jeong W. Flunarizine inhibits osteoclastogenesis by regulating calcium signaling and promotes osteogenesis. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:8239-8252. [PMID: 34192358 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Many bone diseases such as osteoporosis and periodontitis are caused by hyperactivation of osteoclasts. Calcium (Ca2+ ) signals are crucial for osteoclast differentiation and function. Thus, the blockade of Ca2+ signaling may be a strategy for regulating osteoclast activity and has clinical implications. Flunarizine (FN) is a Ca2+ channel antagonist that has been used for reducing migraines. However, the role of FN in osteoclast differentiation and function remains unknown. Here, we investigated whether FN regulates osteoclastogenesis and elucidated the molecular mechanism. FN inhibited osteoclast differentiation along with decreased expression of nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1), and attenuated osteoclast maturation and bone resorption. FN inhibition of osteoclast differentiation was restored by ectopic expression of constitutively active NFATc1. FN reduced calcium oscillations and its inhibition of osteoclast differentiation and resorption function was reversed by ionomycin, an ionophore that binds Ca2+ . FN also inhibited Ca2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV (CaMKIV) and calcineurin leading to a decrease in the cAMP-responsive element-binding protein-dependent cFos and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1β expression, and NFATc1 nuclear translocation. These results indicate that FN inhibits osteoclastogenesis via regulating CaMKIV and calcineurin as a Ca2+ channel blocker. In addition, FN-induced apoptosis in osteoclasts and promoted osteogenesis. Furthermore, FN protected lipopolysaccharide- and ovariectomy-induced bone destruction in mouse models, suggesting that it has therapeutic potential for treating inflammatory bone diseases and postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Life Science and the Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiae Lee
- Department of Life Science and the Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gong-Rak Lee
- Department of Life Science and the Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Narae Kim
- Department of Life Science and the Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye In Lee
- Department of Life Science and the Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minjeong Kwon
- Department of Life Science and the Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam Young Kim
- Department of Life Science and the Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Ha Park
- Department of Life Science and the Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ye Hee Kang
- Department of Life Science and the Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeong Ju Song
- Department of Life Science and the Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - TaeSoo Kim
- Department of Life Science and the Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Min Shin
- Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woojin Jeong
- Department of Life Science and the Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
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