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Zhra M, Magableh AM, Samhan LM, Fatani LM, Qasem RJ, Aljada A. The Expression of a Subset of Aging and Antiaging Markers Following the Chondrogenic and Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells of Placental Origin. Cells 2024; 13:1022. [PMID: 38920652 PMCID: PMC11201886 DOI: 10.3390/cells13121022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of placental origin hold great promise in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine for diseases affecting cartilage and bone. However, their utility has been limited by their tendency to undergo premature senescence and phenotypic drift into adipocytes. This study aimed to explore the potential involvement of a specific subset of aging and antiaging genes by measuring their expression prior to and following in vitro-induced differentiation of placental MSCs into chondrocytes and osteoblasts as opposed to adipocytes. The targeted genes of interest included the various LMNA/C transcript variants (lamin A, lamin C, and lamin A∆10), sirtuin 7 (SIRT7), and SM22α, along with the classic aging markers plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), p53, and p16INK4a. MSCs were isolated from the decidua basalis of human term placentas, expanded, and then analyzed for phenotypic properties by flow cytometry and evaluated for colony-forming efficiency. The cells were then induced to differentiate in vitro into chondrocytes, osteocytes, and adipocytes following established protocols. The mRNA expression of the targeted genes was measured by RT-qPCR in the undifferentiated cells and those fully differentiated into the three cellular lineages. Compared to undifferentiated cells, the differentiated chondrocytes demonstrated decreased expression of SIRT7, along with decreased PAI-1, lamin A, and SM22α expression, but the expression of p16INK4a and p53 increased, suggesting their tendency to undergo premature senescence. Interestingly, the cells maintained the expression of lamin C, which indicates that it is the primary lamin variant influencing the mechanoelastic properties of the differentiated cells. Notably, the expression of all targeted genes did not differ from the undifferentiated cells following osteogenic differentiation. On the other hand, the differentiation of the cells into adipocytes was associated with decreased expression of lamin A and PAI-1. The distinct patterns of expression of aging and antiaging genes following in vitro-induced differentiation of MSCs into chondrocytes, osteocytes, and adipocytes potentially reflect specific roles for these genes during and following differentiation in the fully functional cells. Understanding these roles and the network of signaling molecules involved can open opportunities to improve the handling and utility of MSCs as cellular precursors for the treatment of cartilage and bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Zhra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad M. Magableh
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lara M. Samhan
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lein M. Fatani
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rani J. Qasem
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman 11831, Jordan
| | - Ahmad Aljada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
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Wang J, Hong M, Cheng Y, Wang X, Li D, Chen G, Bao B, Song J, Du X, Yang C, Zheng L, Tong Q. Targeting c-Myc transactivation by LMNA inhibits tRNA processing essential for malate-aspartate shuttle and tumour progression. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1680. [PMID: 38769668 PMCID: PMC11106511 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A series of studies have demonstrated the emerging involvement of transfer RNA (tRNA) processing during the progression of tumours. Nevertheless, the roles and regulating mechanisms of tRNA processing genes in neuroblastoma (NB), the prevalent malignant tumour outside the brain in children, are yet unknown. METHODS Analysis of multi-omics results was conducted to identify crucial regulators of downstream tRNA processing genes. Co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry methods were utilised to measure interaction between proteins. The impact of transcriptional regulators on expression of downstream genes was measured by dual-luciferase reporter, chromatin immunoprecipitation, western blotting and real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) methods. Studies have been conducted to reveal impact and mechanisms of transcriptional regulators on biological processes of NB. Survival differences were analysed using the log-rank test. RESULTS c-Myc was identified as a transcription factor driving tRNA processing gene expression and subsequent malate-aspartate shuttle (MAS) in NB cells. Mechanistically, c-Myc directly promoted the expression of glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase (EPRS) and leucyl-tRNA synthetase (LARS), resulting in translational up-regulation of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 1 (GOT1) as well as malate dehydrogenase 1 (MDH1) via inhibiting general control nonrepressed 2 or activating mechanistic target of rapamycin signalling. Meanwhile, lamin A (LMNA) inhibited c-Myc transactivation via physical interaction, leading to suppression of MAS, aerobic glycolysis, tumourigenesis and aggressiveness. Pre-clinically, lobeline was discovered as a LMNA-binding compound to facilitate its interaction with c-Myc, which inhibited aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase expression, MAS and tumour progression of NB, as well as growth of organoid derived from c-Myc knock-in mice. Low levels of LMNA or elevated expression of c-Myc, EPRS, LARS, GOT1 or MDH1 were linked to a worse outcome and a shorter survival time of clinical NB patients. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that targeting c-Myc transactivation by LMNA inhibits tRNA processing essential for MAS and tumour progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqun Wang
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceP. R. China
| | - Mei Hong
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceP. R. China
| | - Yang Cheng
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceP. R. China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceP. R. China
- Department of GeriatricsUnion Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceChina
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceP. R. China
| | - Guo Chen
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceP. R. China
| | - Banghe Bao
- Department of PathologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceP. R. China
| | - Jiyu Song
- Department of PathologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceP. R. China
| | - Xinyi Du
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceP. R. China
| | - Chunhui Yang
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceP. R. China
| | - Liduan Zheng
- Department of PathologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceP. R. China
| | - Qiangsong Tong
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceP. R. China
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Wu T, Zheng F, Tang HY, Li HZ, Cui XY, Ding S, Liu D, Li CY, Jiang JH, Yang RL. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound reduces alveolar bone resorption during orthodontic treatment via Lamin A/C-Yes-associated protein axis in stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2024; 16:267-286. [PMID: 38577236 PMCID: PMC10989285 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v16.i3.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The bone remodeling during orthodontic treatment for malocclusion often requires a long duration of around two to three years, which also may lead to some complications such as alveolar bone resorption or tooth root resorption. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS), a noninvasive physical therapy, has been shown to promote bone fracture healing. It is also reported that LIPUS could reduce the duration of orthodontic treatment; however, how LIPUS regulates the bone metabolism during the orthodontic treatment process is still unclear. AIM To investigate the effects of LIPUS on bone remodeling in an orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) model and explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS A rat model of OTM was established, and alveolar bone remodeling and tooth movement rate were evaluated via micro-computed tomography and staining of tissue sections. In vitro, human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) were isolated to detect their osteogenic differentiation potential under compression and LIPUS stimulation by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, and Alizarin red staining. The expression of Yes-associated protein (YAP1), the actin cytoskeleton, and the Lamin A/C nucleoskeleton were detected with or without YAP1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) application via immunofluorescence. RESULTS The force treatment inhibited the osteogenic differentiation potential of hBMSCs; moreover, the expression of osteogenesis markers, such as type 1 collagen (COL1), runt-related transcription factor 2, ALP, and osteocalcin (OCN), decreased. LIPUS could rescue the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs with increased expression of osteogenic marker inhibited by force. Mechanically, the expression of LaminA/C, F-actin, and YAP1 was downregulated after force treatment, which could be rescued by LIPUS. Moreover, the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs increased by LIPUS could be attenuated by YAP siRNA treatment. Consistently, LIPUS increased alveolar bone density and decreased vertical bone absorption in vivo. The decreased expression of COL1, OCN, and YAP1 on the compression side of the alveolar bone was partially rescued by LIPUS. CONCLUSION LIPUS can accelerate tooth movement and reduce alveolar bone resorption by modulating the cytoskeleton-Lamin A/C-YAP axis, which may be a promising strategy to reduce the orthodontic treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wu
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Fu Zheng
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hong-Yi Tang
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hua-Zhi Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xin-Yu Cui
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shuai Ding
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Duo Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Cui-Ying Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jiu-Hui Jiang
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Rui-Li Yang
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.
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Tiwari V, Alam MJ, Bhatia M, Navya M, Banerjee SK. The structure and function of lamin A/C: Special focus on cardiomyopathy and therapeutic interventions. Life Sci 2024; 341:122489. [PMID: 38340979 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Lamins are inner nuclear membrane proteins that belong to the intermediate filament family. Lamin A/C lie adjacent to the heterochromatin structure in polymer form, providing skeletal to the nucleus. Based on the localization, lamin A/C provides nuclear stability and cytoskeleton to the nucleus and modulates chromatin organization and gene expression. Besides being the structural protein making the inner nuclear membrane in polymer form, lamin A/C functions as a signalling molecule involved in gene expression as an enhancer inside the nucleus. Lamin A/C regulates various cellular pathways like autophagy and energy balance in the cytoplasm. Its expression is highly variable in differentiated tissues, higher in hard tissues like bone and muscle cells, and lower in soft tissues like the liver and brain. In muscle cells, including the heart, lamin A/C must be expressed in a balanced state. Lamin A/C mutation is linked with various diseases, such as muscular dystrophy, lipodystrophy, and cardiomyopathies. It has been observed that a good number of mutations in the LMNA gene impact cardiac activity and its function. Although several works have been published, there are still several unexplored areas left regarding the lamin A/C function and structure in the cardiovascular system and its pathological state. In this review, we focus on the structural organization, expression pattern, and function of lamin A/C, its interacting partners, and the pathophysiology associated with mutations in the lamin A/C gene, with special emphasis on cardiovascular diseases. With the recent finding on lamin A/C, we have summarized the possible therapeutic interventions to treat cardiovascular symptoms and reverse the molecular changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Tiwari
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati 781101, Assam, India
| | - Md Jahangir Alam
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati 781101, Assam, India; Cell Biology and Physiology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Madhavi Bhatia
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati 781101, Assam, India
| | - Malladi Navya
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati 781101, Assam, India
| | - Sanjay K Banerjee
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati 781101, Assam, India.
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Xin H, Tang Y, Jin YH, Li HL, Tian Y, Yu C, Zhao ZJ, Wu MS, Pan YF. Knockdown of LMNA inhibits Akt/β-catenin-mediated cell invasion and migration in clear cell renal cell carcinoma cells. Cell Adh Migr 2023; 17:1-14. [PMID: 37749865 PMCID: PMC10524799 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2023.2260644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The LMNA gene encoding lamin A/C is amplified in some clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) samples. Our data showed that depletion of the tumor suppressor PBRM1 can upregulate lamin A/C levels, and lamin A/C could interact with PBRM1. However, the role of lamin A/C in ccRCC is not yet fully understood. Our functional assays showed that although the proliferation ability was slightly impaired after LMNA depletion, the migration and invasion of ccRCC cells were significantly inhibited. This suppression was accompanied by a reduction in MMP2, MMP9, AKT/p-AKT, and Wnt/β-catenin protein levels. Our data therefore suggest that lamin A/C, as an interaction partner of the tumor suppressor PBRM1, plays a crucial role in tumor invasion and metastasis in ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xin
- Department of Medical Genetics, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Treatment in Guizhou Province, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Treatment in Guizhou Province, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yan-Hong Jin
- Department of Medical Genetics, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Treatment in Guizhou Province, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Hu-Li Li
- Department of Medical Genetics, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of Medical Genetics, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Cong Yu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Ze-Ju Zhao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Ming-Song Wu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - You-Fu Pan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Treatment in Guizhou Province, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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Eom YS, Park JH, Kim TH. Recent Advances in Stem Cell Differentiation Control Using Drug Delivery Systems Based on Porous Functional Materials. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:483. [PMID: 37754897 PMCID: PMC10532449 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14090483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The unique characteristics of stem cells, which include self-renewal and differentiation into specific cell types, have paved the way for the development of various biomedical applications such as stem cell therapy, disease modelling, and drug screening. The establishment of effective stem cell differentiation techniques is essential for the effective application of stem cells for various purposes. Ongoing research has sought to induce stem cell differentiation using diverse differentiation factors, including chemicals, proteins, and integrin expression. These differentiation factors play a pivotal role in a variety of applications. However, it is equally essential to acknowledge the potential hazards of uncontrolled differentiation. For example, uncontrolled differentiation can give rise to undesirable consequences, including cancerous mutations and stem cell death. Therefore, the development of innovative methods to control stem cell differentiation is crucial. In this review, we discuss recent research cases that have effectively utilised porous functional material-based drug delivery systems to regulate stem cell differentiation. Due to their unique substrate properties, drug delivery systems based on porous functional materials effectively induce stem cell differentiation through the steady release of differentiation factors. These ground-breaking techniques hold considerable promise for guiding and controlling the fate of stem cells for a wide range of biomedical applications, including stem cell therapy, disease modelling, and drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tae-Hyung Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseuk-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea; (Y.-S.E.); (J.-H.P.)
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Gielen E, Dupont J, Dejaeger M, Laurent MR. Sarcopenia, osteoporosis and frailty. Metabolism 2023; 145:155638. [PMID: 37348597 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Muscles and bones are intricately connected tissues displaying marked co-variation during development, growth, aging, and in many diseases. While the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis are well established in clinical practice, sarcopenia has only been classified internationally as a disease in 2016. Both conditions are associated with an increased risk of adverse health outcomes such as fractures, dysmobility and mortality. Rather than focusing on one dimension of bone or muscle mass or weakness, the concept of musculoskeletal frailty captures the overall loss of physiological reserves in the locomotor system with age. The term osteosarcopenia in particular refers to the double jeopardy of osteoporosis and sarcopenia. Muscle-bone interactions at the biomechanical, cellular, paracrine, endocrine, neuronal or nutritional level may contribute to the pathophysiology of osteosarcopenia. The paradigm wherein muscle force controls bone strength is increasingly facing competition from a model centering on the exchange of myokines, osteokines and adipokines. The most promising results have been obtained in preclinical models where common drug targets have been identified to treat these conditions simultaneously. In this narrative review, we critically summarize the current understanding of the definitions, epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of osteosarcopenia as part of an integrative approach to musculoskeletal frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelien Gielen
- Gerontology and Geriatrics Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Centre for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jolan Dupont
- Gerontology and Geriatrics Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marian Dejaeger
- Gerontology and Geriatrics Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Centre for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michaël R Laurent
- Centre for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Geriatrics Department, Imelda Hospital, Bonheiden, Belgium.
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Xu X, Zhang H, Li Y, Liu F, Jing Z, Ren M, Chen T, Fu Y, Wu Y, Ji P, Yang S. Chromatin remodeling and nucleoskeleton synergistically control osteogenic differentiation in different matrix stiffnesses. Mater Today Bio 2023; 20:100661. [PMID: 37229211 PMCID: PMC10205488 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix stiffness plays an important role in determining cell differentiation. The expression of cell differentiation-associated genes can be regulated by chromatin remodeling-mediated DNA accessibility. However, the effect of matrix stiffness on DNA accessibility and its significance for cell differentiation have not been investigated. In this study, gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels with different degrees of substitution were used to simulate soft, medium, and stiff matrices, and it was found that a stiff matrix promoted osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells by activating the Wnt pathway. In the soft matrix, the acetylation level of histones in cells was decreased, and chromatin condensed into a closed conformation, affecting the activation of β-catenin target genes (Axin2, c-Myc). Histone deacetylase inhibitor (TSA) was used to decondense chromatin. However, there was no significant increase in the expression of β-catenin target genes and the osteogenic protein Runx2. Further studies revealed that β-catenin was restricted to the cytoplasm due to the downregulation of lamin A/C in the soft matrix. Overexpression of lamin A/C and concomitant treatment of cells with TSA successfully activated β-catenin/Wnt signaling in cells in the soft matrix. The results of this innovative study revealed that matrix stiffness regulates cell osteogenic differentiation through multiple pathways, which involve complex interactions between transcription factors, epigenetic modifications of histones, and the nucleoskeleton. This trio is critical for the future design of bionic extracellular matrix biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Xu
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, PR China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, PR China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, PR China
| | - He Zhang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, PR China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, PR China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, PR China
| | - Yuzhou Li
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, PR China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, PR China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, PR China
| | - Fengyi Liu
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, PR China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, PR China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, PR China
| | - Zheng Jing
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, PR China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, PR China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, PR China
| | - Mingxing Ren
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, PR China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, PR China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, PR China
| | - Tao Chen
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, PR China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, PR China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, PR China
| | - Yiru Fu
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, PR China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, PR China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, PR China
| | - Yanqiu Wu
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, PR China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, PR China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, PR China
| | - Ping Ji
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, PR China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, PR China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, PR China
| | - Sheng Yang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, PR China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, PR China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, PR China
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Kim HJ, Lee PCW, Hong JH. Overview of cellular homeostasis-associated nuclear envelope lamins and associated input signals. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1173514. [PMID: 37250905 PMCID: PMC10213260 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1173514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
With the discovery of the role of the nuclear envelope protein lamin in human genetic diseases, further diverse roles of lamins have been elucidated. The roles of lamins have been addressed in cellular homeostasis including gene regulation, cell cycle, cellular senescence, adipogenesis, bone remodeling as well as modulation of cancer biology. Features of laminopathies line with oxidative stress-associated cellular senescence, differentiation, and longevity and share with downstream of aging-oxidative stress. Thus, in this review, we highlighted various roles of lamin as key molecule of nuclear maintenance, specially lamin-A/C, and mutated LMNA gene clearly reveal aging-related genetic phenotypes, such as enhanced differentiation, adipogenesis, and osteoporosis. The modulatory roles of lamin-A/C in stem cell differentiation, skin, cardiac regulation, and oncology have also been elucidated. In addition to recent advances in laminopathies, we highlighted for the first kinase-dependent nuclear lamin biology and recently developed modulatory mechanisms or effector signals of lamin regulation. Advanced knowledge of the lamin-A/C proteins as diverse signaling modulators might be biological key to unlocking the complex signaling of aging-related human diseases and homeostasis in cellular process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeong Jae Kim
- Department of Physiology, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Peter C. W. Lee
- Lung Cancer Research Center, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hee Hong
- Department of Physiology, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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10
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Guan G, Cannon RD, Coates DE, Mei L. Effect of the Rho-Kinase/ROCK Signaling Pathway on Cytoskeleton Components. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:272. [PMID: 36833199 PMCID: PMC9957420 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanical properties of cells are important in tissue homeostasis and enable cell growth, division, migration and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Mechanical properties are determined to a large extent by the cytoskeleton. The cytoskeleton is a complex and dynamic network composed of microfilaments, intermediate filaments and microtubules. These cellular structures confer both cell shape and mechanical properties. The architecture of the networks formed by the cytoskeleton is regulated by several pathways, a key one being the Rho-kinase/ROCK signaling pathway. This review describes the role of ROCK (Rho-associated coiled-coil forming kinase) and how it mediates effects on the key components of the cytoskeleton that are critical for cell behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhao Guan
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
- Department of Oral Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, 310 Great King Street, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Richard D. Cannon
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
- Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, 310 Great King Street, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Dawn E. Coates
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Li Mei
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
- Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, 310 Great King Street, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
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11
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Al-Maslamani NA, Oldershaw R, Tew S, Curran J, D’Hooghe P, Yamamoto K, Horn HF. Chondrocyte De-Differentiation: Biophysical Cues to Nuclear Alterations. Cells 2022; 11:cells11244011. [PMID: 36552775 PMCID: PMC9777101 DOI: 10.3390/cells11244011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) is a cell therapy to repair cartilage defects. In ACI a biopsy is taken from a non-load bearing area of the knee and expanded in-vitro. The expansion process provides the benefit of generating a large number of cells required for implantation; however, during the expansion these cells de-differentiate and lose their chondrocyte phenotype. In this review we focus on examining the de-differentiation phenotype from a mechanobiology and biophysical perspective, highlighting some of the nuclear mechanics and chromatin changes in chondrocytes seen during the expansion process and how this relates to the gene expression profile. We propose that manipulating chondrocyte nuclear architecture and chromatin organization will highlight mechanisms that will help to preserve the chondrocyte phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor A. Al-Maslamani
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Rachel Oldershaw
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - Simon Tew
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - Jude Curran
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GH, UK
| | - Pieter D’Hooghe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha P.O. Box 29222, Qatar
| | - Kazuhiro Yamamoto
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - Henning F. Horn
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
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12
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Kwak DH, Park JH, Choi ES, Park SH, Lee SY, Lee S. Ganglioside GD1a enhances osteogenesis by activating ERK1/2 in mesenchymal stem cells of Lmna mutant mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:9445-9457. [PMID: 36375476 PMCID: PMC9792213 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in Lmna usually cause a series of human disorders, such as premature aging syndrome (progeria) involving the skeletal system. Gangliosides are known to be involved in cell surface differentiation and proliferation of stem cells. However, the role of gangliosides in Lmna dysfunctional mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is unclear. Therefore, Ganglioside's role in osteogenesis of Lmna dysfunctional MSCs analyzed. As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that the expression of ganglioside GD1a was significantly reduced in MSCs derived from LmnaDhe/+ mice and in MSCs subjected to Lamin A/C knockdown using siRNA. Osteogenesis-related bone morphogenetic protein-2 and Osteocalcin protein, and gene expression were significantly decreased due to Lmna dysfunction. A result of treating MSCs with Lmna dysfunction with ganglioside GD1a (3 μg/ml), significantly increased bone differentiation in ganglioside GD1a treatment to Lmna-mutated MSCs. In addition, the level of pERK1/2, related to bone differentiation mechanisms was significantly increased. Ganglioside GD1a was treated to Congenital progeria LmnaDhe/+ mice. As a result, femur bone volume in ganglioside GD1a-treated LmnaDhe/+ mice was more significantly increased than in the LmnaDhe/+ mice. Therefore, it was confirmed that the ganglioside GD1a plays an important role in enhancing osteogenic differentiation in MSC was a dysfunction of Lmna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hoon Kwak
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do 54538, Republic of Korea
- Brain Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Park
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do 54538, Republic of Korea
- Brain Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Eul Sig Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do 54538, Republic of Korea
- Brain Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hyun Park
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do 54538, Republic of Korea
- Brain Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Yeon Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do 54538, Republic of Korea
- Brain Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoul Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do 54538, Republic of Korea
- Brain Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do 54538, Republic of Korea
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13
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Gonçalves RSDSA, Maciel ÁCC, Rolland Y, Vellas B, de Souto Barreto P. Frailty biomarkers under the perspective of geroscience: A narrative review. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 81:101737. [PMID: 36162706 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Cellular and molecular aging biomarkers might contribute to identify at-risk individuals for frailty before overt clinical manifestations appear. Although studies on the associations of aging biomarkers and frailty exist, no investigation has gathered this information using a structured framework for identifying aging biomarkers; as a result, the evidence on frailty and aging biomarkers is diffuse and incomplete. Therefore, this narrative review aimed to gather information on the associations of the hallmarks of aging and frailty under the perspective of geroscience. The literature on human studies on this topic is sparse and mainly composed of cross-sectional investigations performed in small study samples. The main putative aging biomarkers associated to frailty were: mitochondrial DNA copy number (genomic instability and mitochondrial dysfunction), telomere length (telomere attrition), global DNA methylation (epigenetic alterations), Hsp70 and Hsp72 (loss of proteostasis), IGF-1 and SIRT1 (deregulated nutrient-sensing), GDF-15 (mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence and altered intercellular communication), CD4 + and CD8 + cell percentages (cellular senescence), circulating osteogenic progenitor (COP) cells (stem cell exhaustion), and IL-6, CRP and TNF-alpha (altered intercellular communication). IGF-1, SIRT1, GDF-15, IL-6, CRP and TNF-alpha presented more evidence among these biomarkers, highlighting the importance of inflammation and nutrient sensing on frailty. Further longitudinal studies investigating biomarkers across the hallmarks of aging would provide valuable information on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yves Rolland
- Gerontopole of Toulouse, Institute of Aging, Toulouse University Hospital (CHU Toulouse), Toulouse, France; CERPOP, Inserm 1295, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse, France.
| | - Bruno Vellas
- Gerontopole of Toulouse, Institute of Aging, Toulouse University Hospital (CHU Toulouse), Toulouse, France; CERPOP, Inserm 1295, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse, France.
| | - Philipe de Souto Barreto
- Gerontopole of Toulouse, Institute of Aging, Toulouse University Hospital (CHU Toulouse), Toulouse, France; CERPOP, Inserm 1295, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse, France.
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14
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Discovery of surface biomarkers for cell mechanophenotype via an intracellular protein-based enrichment strategy. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:320. [PMID: 35622146 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04351-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Cellular mechanophenotype is often a defining characteristic of conditions like cancer malignancy/metastasis, cardiovascular disease, lung and liver fibrosis, and stem cell differentiation. However, acquiring living cells based on mechanophenotype is challenging for conventional cell sorters due to a lack of biomarkers. In this study, we demonstrate a workflow for surface protein discovery associated with cellular mechanophenotype. We sorted heterogeneous adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ASCs) into groups with low vs. high lamin A/C, an intracellular protein linked to whole-cell mechanophenotype. Proteomic data of enriched groups identified surface protein candidates as potential biochemical proxies for ASC mechanophenotype. Select surface biomarkers were used for live-cell enrichment, with subsequent single-cell mechanical testing and lineage-specific differentiation. Ultimately, we identified CD44 to have a strong inverse correlation with whole-cell elastic modulus, with CD44lo cells exhibiting moduli three times greater than that of CD44hi cells. Functionally, these stiff and soft ASCs showed enhanced osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potential, respectively. The described workflow can be replicated for any phenotype with a known correlated intracellular protein, allowing for the acquisition of live cells for further characterization, diagnostics, or therapeutics.
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15
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Mosevitsky MI. Progerin and Its Role in Accelerated and Natural Aging. Mol Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893322020091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Tang Y, Zhu L, Cho JS, Li XY, Weiss SJ. Matrix remodeling controls a nuclear lamin A/C-emerin network that directs Wnt-regulated stem cell fate. Dev Cell 2022; 57:480-495.e6. [PMID: 35150612 PMCID: PMC8891068 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal stem cells (SSCs) reside within a three-dimensional extracellular matrix (ECM) compartment and differentiate into multiple cell lineages, thereby controlling tissue maintenance and regeneration. Within this environment, SSCs can proteolytically remodel the surrounding ECM in response to growth factors that direct lineage commitment via undefined mechanisms. Here, we report that Mmp14-dependent ECM remodeling coordinates canonical Wnt signaling and guides stem cell fate by triggering an integrin-activated reorganization of the SCC cytoskeleton that controls nuclear lamin A/C levels via the linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complexes. In turn, SSC lamin A/C levels dictate the localization of emerin, an inner nuclear membrane protein whose ability to regulate β-catenin activity modulates Wnt signaling while directing lineage commitment in vitro and in vivo. These findings define a previously undescribed axis wherein SSCs use Mmp14-dependent ECM remodeling to control cytoskeletal and nucleoskeletal organization, thereby governing Wnt-dependent stem cell fate decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tang
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Lingxin Zhu
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109,Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Jung-Sun Cho
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109,Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Xiao-Yan Li
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109,Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Stephen J. Weiss
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109,Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109,Corresponding Authors: Stephen J. Weiss, MD, , Life Sciences Institute, Mary Sue Coleman Hall, University of Michigan, 210 Washtenaw, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2216, Yi Tang, PhD, , Life Sciences Institute, Mary Sue Coleman Hall, University of Michigan, 210 Washtenaw, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2216
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17
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Lamin A/C-Dependent Translocation of Megakaryoblastic Leukemia-1 and β-Catenin in Cyclic Strain-Induced Osteogenesis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123518. [PMID: 34944031 PMCID: PMC8700688 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lamins are intermediate filaments that play a crucial role in sensing mechanical strain in the nucleus of cells. β-catenin and megakaryoblastic leukemia-1 (MKL1) are critical signaling molecules that need to be translocated to the nucleus for their transcription in response to mechanical strain that induces osteogenesis. However, the exact molecular mechanism behind the translocation of these molecules has not been fully investigated. This study used 10% cyclic strain to induce osteogenesis in the murine osteoblast precursor cell line (MC3T3). The translocation of β-catenin and MKL1 was studied by performing knockdown and overexpression of lamin A/C (LMNA). Cyclic strain increased the expression of osteogenic markers such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), and enhanced ALP staining after seven days of incubation. Resultantly, MKL1 and β-catenin were translocated in the nucleus from the cytoplasm during the stress-induced osteogenic process. Knockdown of LMNA decreased the accumulation of MKL1 and β-catenin in the nucleus, whereas overexpression of LMNA increased the translocation of these molecules. In conclusion, our study indicates that both MKL1 and β-catenin molecules are dependent on the expression of LMNA during strain-induced osteogenesis.
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18
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Birks S, Uzer G. At the nuclear envelope of bone mechanobiology. Bone 2021; 151:116023. [PMID: 34051417 PMCID: PMC8600447 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear envelope and nucleoskeleton are emerging as signaling centers that regulate how physical information from the extracellular matrix is biochemically transduced into the nucleus, affecting chromatin and controlling cell function. Bone is a mechanically driven tissue that relies on physical information to maintain its physiological function and structure. Disorder that present with musculoskeletal and cardiac symptoms, such as Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophies and progeria, correlate with mutations in nuclear envelope proteins including Linker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton (LINC) complex, Lamin A/C, and emerin. However, the role of nuclear envelope mechanobiology on bone function remains underexplored. The mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) model is perhaps the most studied relationship between bone regulation and nuclear envelope function. MSCs maintain the musculoskeletal system by differentiating into multiple cell types including osteocytes and adipocytes, thus supporting the bone's ability to respond to mechanical challenge. In this review, we will focus on how MSC function is regulated by mechanical challenges both in vitro and in vivo within the context of bone function specifically focusing on integrin, β-catenin and YAP/TAZ signaling. The importance of the nuclear envelope will be explored within the context of musculoskeletal diseases related to nuclear envelope protein mutations and nuclear envelope regulation of signaling pathways relevant to bone mechanobiology in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Birks
- Boise State University, Micron School of Materials Science and Engineering, United States of America
| | - Gunes Uzer
- Boise State University, Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, United States of America.
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19
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Lamin A/C Is Dispensable to Mechanical Repression of Adipogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126580. [PMID: 34205295 PMCID: PMC8234021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) maintain the musculoskeletal system by differentiating into multiple lineages, including osteoblasts and adipocytes. Mechanical signals, including strain and low-intensity vibration (LIV), are important regulators of MSC differentiation via control exerted through the cell structure. Lamin A/C is a protein vital to the nuclear architecture that supports chromatin organization and differentiation and contributes to the mechanical integrity of the nucleus. We investigated whether lamin A/C and mechanoresponsiveness are functionally coupled during adipogenesis in MSCs. siRNA depletion of lamin A/C increased the nuclear area, height, and volume and decreased the circularity and stiffness. Lamin A/C depletion significantly decreased markers of adipogenesis (adiponectin, cellular lipid content) as did LIV treatment despite depletion of lamin A/C. Phosphorylation of focal adhesions in response to mechanical challenge was also preserved during loss of lamin A/C. RNA-seq showed no major adipogenic transcriptome changes resulting from LIV treatment, suggesting that LIV regulation of adipogenesis may not occur at the transcriptional level. We observed that during both lamin A/C depletion and LIV, interferon signaling was downregulated, suggesting potentially shared regulatory mechanism elements that could regulate protein translation. We conclude that the mechanoregulation of adipogenesis and the mechanical activation of focal adhesions function independently from those of lamin A/C.
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20
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Riquier S, Mathieu M, Bessiere C, Boureux A, Ruffle F, Lemaitre JM, Djouad F, Gilbert N, Commes T. Long non-coding RNA exploration for mesenchymal stem cell characterisation. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:412. [PMID: 34088266 PMCID: PMC8178833 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07289-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of RNA sequencing (RNAseq) and the corresponding emergence of public datasets have created new avenues of transcriptional marker search. The long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) constitute an emerging class of transcripts with a potential for high tissue specificity and function. Therefore, we tested the biomarker potential of lncRNAs on Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs), a complex type of adult multipotent stem cells of diverse tissue origins, that is frequently used in clinics but which is lacking extensive characterization. RESULTS We developed a dedicated bioinformatics pipeline for the purpose of building a cell-specific catalogue of unannotated lncRNAs. The pipeline performs ab initio transcript identification, pseudoalignment and uses new methodologies such as a specific k-mer approach for naive quantification of expression in numerous RNAseq data. We next applied it on MSCs, and our pipeline was able to highlight novel lncRNAs with high cell specificity. Furthermore, with original and efficient approaches for functional prediction, we demonstrated that each candidate represents one specific state of MSCs biology. CONCLUSIONS We showed that our approach can be employed to harness lncRNAs as cell markers. More specifically, our results suggest different candidates as potential actors in MSCs biology and propose promising directions for future experimental investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Riquier
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 80 rue Augustin Fliche, Montpellier, France
| | - Marc Mathieu
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 80 rue Augustin Fliche, Montpellier, France
| | - Chloé Bessiere
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 80 rue Augustin Fliche, Montpellier, France
| | - Anthony Boureux
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 80 rue Augustin Fliche, Montpellier, France
| | - Florence Ruffle
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 80 rue Augustin Fliche, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Marc Lemaitre
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 80 rue Augustin Fliche, Montpellier, France
| | - Farida Djouad
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 80 rue Augustin Fliche, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Gilbert
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 80 rue Augustin Fliche, Montpellier, France
| | - Thérèse Commes
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 80 rue Augustin Fliche, Montpellier, France
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21
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Jin M, Kim BS, Seo SH, Kim M, Kang YG, Shin JW, Cho KH, Shin MC, Yoon C, Min KA. Synergistic Effect of Growth Factor Releasing Polymeric Nanoparticles and Ultrasound Stimulation on Osteogenic Differentiation. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13040457. [PMID: 33801692 PMCID: PMC8066944 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been extensively used in the tissue regeneration therapy. Ex vivo therapy with well-differentiated osteogenic cells is known as an efficient treatment for musculoskeletal diseases, including rheumatoid diseases. However, along with its high cost, the current therapy has limitations in terms of restoring bone regeneration procedures. An efficient process for the cell differentiation to obtain a large number of functionalized osteogenic cells is necessary. Therefore, it is strongly recommended to develop strategies to produce sufficient numbers of well-differentiated osteogenic cells from the MSCs. In general, differentiation media with growth factors have been used to facilitate cell differentiation. In the present study, the poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles incorporating the growth factors were included in the media, resulting in releasing growth factors (dexamethasone and β-glycerophosphate) in the media in the controlled manner. Stable growth and early differentiation of osteogenic cells were achieved by the PLGA-based growth factor releasing system. Moreover, low intensity pulsed ultrasound was applied to this system to induce cell differentiation process. The results revealed that, as a biomarker at early stage of osteogenic cell differentiation, Lamin A/C nuclear protein was efficiently expressed in the cells growing in the presence of PLGA-based growth factor reservoirs and ultrasound. In conclusion, our results showed that the ultrasound stimulation combined with polymeric nanoparticles releasing growth factors could potentially induce osteogenic cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minki Jin
- College of Pharmacy and Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, 197 Injero, Gimhae 50834, Gyeongnam, Korea; (M.J.); (K.H.C.)
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Bo Seok Kim
- Department of Nanoscience and Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, 197 Injero, Gimhae 50834, Gyeongnam, Korea; (B.S.K.); (S.H.S.)
| | - Sung Ho Seo
- Department of Nanoscience and Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, 197 Injero, Gimhae 50834, Gyeongnam, Korea; (B.S.K.); (S.H.S.)
| | - Minjeong Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, 197 Injero, Gimhae 50834, Gyeongnam, Korea; (M.K.); (Y.G.K.); (J.-W.S.)
| | - Yun Gyeong Kang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, 197 Injero, Gimhae 50834, Gyeongnam, Korea; (M.K.); (Y.G.K.); (J.-W.S.)
| | - Jung-Woog Shin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, 197 Injero, Gimhae 50834, Gyeongnam, Korea; (M.K.); (Y.G.K.); (J.-W.S.)
| | - Kwan Hyung Cho
- College of Pharmacy and Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, 197 Injero, Gimhae 50834, Gyeongnam, Korea; (M.J.); (K.H.C.)
| | - Meong Cheol Shin
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju Daero, Jinju 52828, Gyeongnam, Korea;
| | - Changhan Yoon
- Department of Nanoscience and Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, 197 Injero, Gimhae 50834, Gyeongnam, Korea; (B.S.K.); (S.H.S.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, 197 Injero, Gimhae 50834, Gyeongnam, Korea; (M.K.); (Y.G.K.); (J.-W.S.)
- Correspondence: (C.Y.); (K.A.M.); Tel.: +82-55-320-3301 (C.Y.); +82-55-320-3459 (K.A.M.)
| | - Kyoung Ah Min
- College of Pharmacy and Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, 197 Injero, Gimhae 50834, Gyeongnam, Korea; (M.J.); (K.H.C.)
- Correspondence: (C.Y.); (K.A.M.); Tel.: +82-55-320-3301 (C.Y.); +82-55-320-3459 (K.A.M.)
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22
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Stachecka J, Kolodziejski PA, Noak M, Szczerbal I. Alteration of active and repressive histone marks during adipogenic differentiation of porcine mesenchymal stem cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1325. [PMID: 33446668 PMCID: PMC7809488 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79384-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A characteristic spatial distribution of the main chromatin fractions is observed in most mammalian cell nuclei, with euchromatin localized in the interior and heterochromatin at the nuclear periphery. It has been shown that interactions of heterochromatin with the nuclear lamina are necessary to establish this conventional architecture. Adipocytes are specific cells in which a reduction in lamin A/C expression is observed. We hypothesize that the loss of lamin A/C during adipogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may be associated with the reorganization of the main classes of chromatin in the nucleus. Thus, in this study, we examine the abundance and nuclear distribution of selected heterochromatin (H3K9me3, H3K27me3 and H4K20me3) and euchromatin (H4K8ac, H3K4me3 and H3K9ac) histone marks during in vitro adipogenesis, using the pig as a model organism. We found that not only did the expression of lamin A/C decrease in our differentiation system, but so did the expression of lamin B receptor (LBR). The level of two heterochromatin marks, H3K27me3 and H4K20me3, increased during differentiation, while no changes were observed for H3K9me3. The levels of two euchromatin histone marks, H4K8ac and H3K9ac, were significantly higher in adipocytes than in undifferentiated cells, while the level of H3K4me3 did not change significantly. The spatial distribution of all the examined histone marks altered during in vitro adipogenesis. H3K27me3 and H4K20me3 moved towards the nuclear periphery and H3K9me3 localized preferentially in the intermediate part of adipocyte nuclei. The euchromatin marks H3K9ac and H3K4me3 preferentially occupied the peripheral part of the adipocyte nuclei, while H4K8ac was more evenly distributed in the nuclei of undifferentiated and differentiated cells. Analysis of the nuclear distribution of repetitive sequences has shown their clustering and relocalization toward nuclear periphery during differentiation. Our study shows that dynamic changes in the abundance and nuclear distribution of active and repressive histone marks take place during adipocyte differentiation. Nuclear reorganization of heterochromatin histone marks may allow the maintenance of the nuclear morphology of the adipocytes, in which reduced expression of lamin A/C and LBR is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Stachecka
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 33, 60-637, Poznan, Poland
| | - Pawel A Kolodziejski
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 35, 60-637, Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Noak
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 33, 60-637, Poznan, Poland
| | - Izabela Szczerbal
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 33, 60-637, Poznan, Poland.
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23
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Steering cell behavior through mechanobiology in 3D: A regenerative medicine perspective. Biomaterials 2020; 268:120572. [PMID: 33285439 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mechanobiology, translating mechanical signals into biological ones, greatly affects cellular behavior. Steering cellular behavior for cell-based regenerative medicine approaches requires a thorough understanding of the orchestrating molecular mechanisms, among which mechanotransducive ones are being more and more elucidated. Because of their wide use and highly mechanotransduction dependent differentiation, this review focuses on mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), while also briefly relating the discussed results to other cell types. While the mechanotransduction pathways are relatively well-studied in 2D, much remains unknown of the role and regulation of these pathways in 3D. Ultimately, cells need to be cultured in a 3D environment to create functional de novo tissue. In this review, we explore the literature on the roles of different material properties on cellular behavior and mechanobiology in 2D and 3D. For example, while stiffness plays a dominant role in 2D MSCs differentiation, it seems to be of subordinate importance in 3D MSCs differentiation, where matrix remodeling seems to be key. Also, the role and regulation of some of the main mechanotransduction players are discussed, focusing on MSCs. We have only just begun to fundamentally understand MSCs and other stem cells behavior in 3D and more fundamental research is required to advance biomaterials able to replicate the stem cell niche and control cell activity. This better understanding will contribute to smarter tissue engineering scaffold design and the advancement of regenerative medicine.
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24
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Sjöqvist M, Antfolk D, Suarez-Rodriguez F, Sahlgren C. From structural resilience to cell specification - Intermediate filaments as regulators of cell fate. FASEB J 2020; 35:e21182. [PMID: 33205514 PMCID: PMC7839487 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001627r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
During the last decades intermediate filaments (IFs) have emerged as important regulators of cellular signaling events, ascribing IFs with functions beyond the structural support they provide. The organ and developmental stage‐specific expression of IFs regulate cell differentiation within developing or remodeling tissues. Lack of IFs causes perturbed stem cell differentiation in vasculature, intestine, nervous system, and mammary gland, in transgenic mouse models. The aberrant cell fate decisions are caused by deregulation of different stem cell signaling pathways, such as Notch, Wnt, YAP/TAZ, and TGFβ. Mutations in genes coding for IFs cause an array of different diseases, many related to stem cell dysfunction, but the molecular mechanisms remain unresolved. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of how IFs interact with and regulate the activity, localization and function of different signaling proteins in stem cells, and how the assembly state and PTM profile of IFs may affect these processes. Identifying when, where and how IFs and cell signaling congregate, will expand our understanding of IF‐linked stem cell dysfunction during development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Sjöqvist
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Turku Bioscience, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Daniel Antfolk
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Turku Bioscience, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Freddy Suarez-Rodriguez
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Turku Bioscience, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Cecilia Sahlgren
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Turku Bioscience, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
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25
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Madl CM, LeSavage BL, Khariton M, Heilshorn SC. Neural Progenitor Cells Alter Chromatin Organization and Neurotrophin Expression in Response to 3D Matrix Degradability. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2000754. [PMID: 32743903 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202000754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) are promising therapeutic candidates for nervous system regeneration. Significant efforts focus on developing hydrogel-based approaches to facilitate the clinical translation of NPCs, from scalable platforms for stem cell production to injectable carriers for cell transplantation. However, fundamental questions surrounding NPC-hydrogel interactions remain unanswered. While matrix degradability is known to regulate the stemness and differentiation capacity of NPCs, how degradability impacts NPC epigenetic regulation and secretory phenotype remains unknown. To address this question, NPCs encapsulated in recombinant protein hydrogels with tunable degradability are assayed for changes in chromatin organization and neurotrophin expression. In high degradability gels, NPCs maintain expression of stem cell factors, proliferate, and have large nuclei with elevated levels of the stemness-associated activating histone mark H3K4me3. In contrast, NPCs in low degradability gels exhibit more compact, rounded nuclei with peripherally localized heterochromatin, are non-proliferative yet non-senescent, and maintain expression of neurotrophic factors with potential therapeutic relevance. This work suggests that tuning matrix degradability may be useful to direct NPCs toward either a more-proliferative, stem-like phenotype for cell replacement therapies, or a more quiescent-like, pro-secretory phenotype for soluble factor-mediated therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M. Madl
- Department of Bioengineering Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology Department of Microbiology & Immunology Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Bauer L. LeSavage
- Department of Bioengineering Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | | | - Sarah C. Heilshorn
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering Stanford University 476 Lomita Mall, McCullough Room 246 Stanford CA 94305 USA
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26
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Varlet AA, Helfer E, Badens C. Molecular and Mechanobiological Pathways Related to the Physiopathology of FPLD2. Cells 2020; 9:cells9091947. [PMID: 32842478 PMCID: PMC7565540 DOI: 10.3390/cells9091947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Laminopathies are rare and heterogeneous diseases affecting one to almost all tissues, as in Progeria, and sharing certain features such as metabolic disorders and a predisposition to atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. These two features are the main characteristics of the adipose tissue-specific laminopathy called familial partial lipodystrophy type 2 (FPLD2). The only gene that is involved in FPLD2 physiopathology is the LMNA gene, with at least 20 mutations that are considered pathogenic. LMNA encodes the type V intermediate filament lamin A/C, which is incorporated into the lamina meshwork lining the inner membrane of the nuclear envelope. Lamin A/C is involved in the regulation of cellular mechanical properties through the control of nuclear rigidity and deformability, gene modulation and chromatin organization. While recent studies have described new potential signaling pathways dependent on lamin A/C and associated with FPLD2 physiopathology, the whole picture of how the syndrome develops remains unknown. In this review, we summarize the signaling pathways involving lamin A/C that are associated with the progression of FPLD2. We also explore the links between alterations of the cellular mechanical properties and FPLD2 physiopathology. Finally, we introduce potential tools based on the exploration of cellular mechanical properties that could be redirected for FPLD2 diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice-Anaïs Varlet
- Marseille Medical Genetics (MMG), INSERM, Aix Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France;
| | - Emmanuèle Helfer
- Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille (CINAM), CNRS, Aix Marseille University, 13009 Marseille, France
- Correspondence: (E.H.); (C.B.); Tel.: +33-6-60-30-28-91 (E.H.); +33-4-91-78-68-94 (C.B.)
| | - Catherine Badens
- Marseille Medical Genetics (MMG), INSERM, Aix Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France;
- Correspondence: (E.H.); (C.B.); Tel.: +33-6-60-30-28-91 (E.H.); +33-4-91-78-68-94 (C.B.)
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27
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Sears RM, Roux KJ. Diverse cellular functions of barrier-to-autointegration factor and its roles in disease. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:133/16/jcs246546. [PMID: 32817163 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.246546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Barrier-to-autointegration factor (BAF; encoded by BANF1) is a small highly conserved, ubiquitous and self-associating protein that coordinates with numerous binding partners to accomplish several key cellular processes. By interacting with double-stranded DNA, histones and various other nuclear proteins, including those enriched at the nuclear envelope, BAF appears to be essential for replicating cells to protect the genome and enable cell division. Cellular processes, such as innate immunity, post-mitotic nuclear reformation, repair of interphase nuclear envelope rupture, genomic regulation, and the DNA damage and repair response have all been shown to depend on BAF. This Review focuses on the regulation of the numerous interactions of BAF, which underlie the mechanisms by which BAF accomplishes its essential cellular functions. We will also discuss how perturbation of BAF function may contribute to human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhiannon M Sears
- Enabling Technologies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA.,Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
| | - Kyle J Roux
- Enabling Technologies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA .,Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD 57069, USA
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28
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Khot M, Sreekumar D, Jahagirdar S, Kulkarni A, Hari K, Faseela EE, Sabarinathan R, Jolly MK, Sengupta K. Twist1 induces chromosomal instability (CIN) in colorectal cancer cells. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 29:1673-1688. [PMID: 32337580 PMCID: PMC7322571 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddaa076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Twist1 is a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, essential during early development in mammals. While Twist1 induces epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), here we show that Twist1 overexpression enhances nuclear and mitotic aberrations. This is accompanied by an increase in whole chromosomal copy number gains and losses, underscoring the role of Twist1 in inducing chromosomal instability (CIN) in colorectal cancer cells. Array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) analysis further shows sub-chromosomal deletions, consistent with an increased frequency of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs). Remarkably, Twist1 overexpression downmodulates key cell cycle checkpoint factors-Bub1, BubR1, Mad1 and Mad2-that regulate CIN. Mathematical simulations using the RACIPE tool show a negative correlation of Twist1 with E-cadherin and BubR1. Data analyses of gene expression profiles of patient samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) reveal a positive correlation between Twist1 and mesenchymal genes across cancers, whereas the correlation of TWIST1 with CIN and DSB genes is cancer subtype-specific. Taken together, these studies highlight the mechanistic involvement of Twist1 in the deregulation of factors that maintain genome stability during EMT in colorectal cancer cells. Twist1 overexpression enhances genome instability in the context of EMT that further contributes to cellular heterogeneity. In addition, these studies imply that Twist1 downmodulates nuclear lamins that further alter spatiotemporal organization of the cancer genome and epigenome. Notwithstanding their genetic background, colorectal cancer cells nevertheless maintain their overall ploidy, while the downstream effects of Twist1 enhance CIN and DNA damage enriching for sub-populations of aggressive cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maithilee Khot
- B-216, Chromosome Biology Lab (CBL), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
| | - Dyuthi Sreekumar
- B-216, Chromosome Biology Lab (CBL), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
| | - Sanika Jahagirdar
- B-216, Chromosome Biology Lab (CBL), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
| | - Apoorva Kulkarni
- B-216, Chromosome Biology Lab (CBL), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
| | - Kishore Hari
- Center for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India
| | | | - Radhakrishnan Sabarinathan
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru 560065, India
| | - Mohit Kumar Jolly
- Center for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India
| | - Kundan Sengupta
- B-216, Chromosome Biology Lab (CBL), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
- To whom correspondence should be addressed at: B-216, Chromosome Biology Lab (CBL), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India. Tel: +91 20 25908071; Fax: +91-20-20251566;
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29
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Alcorta-Sevillano N, Macías I, Rodríguez CI, Infante A. Crucial Role of Lamin A/C in the Migration and Differentiation of MSCs in Bone. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061330. [PMID: 32466483 PMCID: PMC7348862 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lamin A/C, intermediate filament proteins from the nuclear lamina encoded by the LMNA gene, play a central role in mediating the mechanosignaling of cytoskeletal forces into nucleus. In fact, this mechanotransduction process is essential to ensure the proper functioning of other tasks also mediated by lamin A/C: the structural support of the nucleus and the regulation of gene expression. In this way, lamin A/C is fundamental for the migration and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), the progenitors of osteoblasts, thus affecting bone homeostasis. Bone formation is a complex process regulated by chemical and mechanical cues, coming from the surrounding extracellular matrix. MSCs respond to signals modulating the expression levels of lamin A/C, and therefore, adapting their nuclear shape and stiffness. To promote cell migration, MSCs need soft nuclei with low lamin A content. Conversely, during osteogenic differentiation, lamin A/C levels are known to be increased. Several LMNA mutations present a negative impact in the migration and osteogenesis of MSCs, affecting bone tissue homeostasis and leading to pathological conditions. This review aims to describe these concepts by discussing the latest state-of-the-art in this exciting area, focusing on the relationship between lamin A/C in MSCs' function and bone tissue from both, health and pathological points of view.
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30
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Lamin A/C Mechanotransduction in Laminopathies. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051306. [PMID: 32456328 PMCID: PMC7291067 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanotransduction translates forces into biological responses and regulates cell functionalities. It is implicated in several diseases, including laminopathies which are pathologies associated with mutations in lamins and lamin-associated proteins. These pathologies affect muscle, adipose, bone, nerve, and skin cells and range from muscular dystrophies to accelerated aging. Although the exact mechanisms governing laminopathies and gene expression are still not clear, a strong correlation has been found between cell functionality and nuclear behavior. New theories base on the direct effect of external force on the genome, which is indeed sensitive to the force transduced by the nuclear lamina. Nuclear lamina performs two essential functions in mechanotransduction pathway modulating the nuclear stiffness and governing the chromatin remodeling. Indeed, A-type lamin mutation and deregulation has been found to affect the nuclear response, altering several downstream cellular processes such as mitosis, chromatin organization, DNA replication-transcription, and nuclear structural integrity. In this review, we summarize the recent findings on the molecular composition and architecture of the nuclear lamina, its role in healthy cells and disease regulation. We focus on A-type lamins since this protein family is the most involved in mechanotransduction and laminopathies.
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31
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Šoltić D, Fuller HR. Molecular Crosstalk Between Non-SMN-Related and SMN-Related Spinal Muscular Atrophy. Neurosci Insights 2020; 15:2633105520914301. [PMID: 32285042 PMCID: PMC7133067 DOI: 10.1177/2633105520914301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Most cases of spinal muscular atrophy are caused by functional loss of the survival of motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene, while less than 5% of cases are attributed to genes other than SMN. Mutations in LMNA, the lamin A/C encoding gene, cause an adult form of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), and in our recent work, we highlight a role for lamin A/C in SMN-related SMA pathways. Here, we discuss this apparent molecular crosstalk between different types of SMA in context with previous work, showing that dysregulation of proteins produced by other SMA-causing genes, including UBE1, GARS, and SETX, are also implicated in SMN-related SMA pathways. The perturbation of UBE1, GARS, and lamin A/C help explain mechanisms of tissue-specific pathology in SMA, and we propose Wnt/β-catenin signalling as a common molecular pathway on which they each converge. Therapeutic strategies directed at these proteins, or their convergent pathways, may therefore offer a new approach to targeting tissue-specific pathology in SMN-related SMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darija Šoltić
- Wolfson Centre for Inherited Neuromuscular Disease, RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, UK.,The School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - Heidi R Fuller
- Wolfson Centre for Inherited Neuromuscular Disease, RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, UK.,The School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Keele, UK
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32
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Urciuoli E, Petrini S, D’Oria V, Leopizzi M, Della Rocca C, Peruzzi B. Nuclear Lamins and Emerin Are Differentially Expressed in Osteosarcoma Cells and Scale with Tumor Aggressiveness. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020443. [PMID: 32069980 PMCID: PMC7073215 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear lamina is essential for the maintenance of nuclear shape and mechanics. Mutations in lamin genes have been identified in a heterogeneous spectrum of human diseases known as “laminopathies” associated with nuclear envelope defects and deregulation of cellular functions. Interestingly, osteosarcoma is the only neoplasm described in the literature in association with laminopathies. This study aims characterized the expression of A-type and B-type lamins and emerin in osteosarcoma, revealing a higher percentage of dysmorphic nuclei in osteosarcoma cells in comparison to normal osteoblasts and all the hallmarks of laminopathic features. Both lamins and emerin were differentially expressed in osteosarcoma cell lines in comparison to normal osteoblasts and correlated with tumor aggressiveness. We analysed lamin A/C expression in a tissue-microarray including osteosarcoma samples with different prognosis, finding a positive correlation between lamin A/C expression and the overall survival of osteosarcoma patients. An inefficient MKL1 nuclear shuttling and actin depolymerization, as well as a reduced expression of pRb and a decreased YAP nuclear content were observed in A-type lamin deficient 143B cells. In conclusion, we described for the first time laminopathic nuclear phenotypes in osteosarcoma cells, providing evidence for an altered lamins and emerin expression and a deregulated nucleoskeleton architecture of this tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Urciuoli
- Multifactorial Disease and Complex Phenotype Area, Research Center, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy;
| | - Stefania Petrini
- Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, Research Center, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (V.D.)
| | - Valentina D’Oria
- Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, Research Center, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (V.D.)
| | - Martina Leopizzi
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnology, Polo Pontino, Sapienza University, 04100 Latina, Italy; (M.L.); (C.D.R.)
| | - Carlo Della Rocca
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnology, Polo Pontino, Sapienza University, 04100 Latina, Italy; (M.L.); (C.D.R.)
| | - Barbara Peruzzi
- Multifactorial Disease and Complex Phenotype Area, Research Center, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-6859-2938
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33
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Sankaran JS, Sen B, Dudakovic A, Paradise CR, Perdue T, Xie Z, McGrath C, Styner M, Newberg J, Uzer G, van Wijnen AJ, Rubin J. Knockdown of formin mDia2 alters lamin B1 levels and increases osteogenesis in stem cells. Stem Cells 2020; 38:102-117. [PMID: 31648392 PMCID: PMC6993926 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear actin plays a critical role in mediating mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) fate commitment. In marrow-derived MSCs, the principal diaphanous-related formin Diaph3 (mDia2) is present in the nucleus and regulates intranuclear actin polymerization, whereas Diaph1 (mDia1) is localized to the cytoplasm and controls cytoplasmic actin polymerization. We here show that mDia2 can be used as a tool to query actin-lamin nucleoskeletal structure. Silencing mDia2 affected the nucleoskeletal lamin scaffold, altering nuclear morphology without affecting cytoplasmic actin cytoskeleton, and promoted MSC differentiation. Attempting to target intranuclear actin polymerization by silencing mDia2 led to a profound loss in lamin B1 nuclear envelope structure and integrity, increased nuclear height, and reduced nuclear stiffness without compensatory changes in other actin nucleation factors. Loss of mDia2 with the associated loss in lamin B1 promoted Runx2 transcription and robust osteogenic differentiation and suppressed adipogenic differentiation. Hence, mDia2 is a potent tool to query intranuclear actin-lamin nucleoskeletal structure, and its presence serves to retain multipotent stromal cells in an undifferentiated state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeyantt S. Sankaran
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina Chapel
Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Buer Sen
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina Chapel
Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Amel Dudakovic
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Biochemistry and
Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Christopher R. Paradise
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Center for
Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Tony Perdue
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Chapel
Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Zhihui Xie
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina Chapel
Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Cody McGrath
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina Chapel
Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Maya Styner
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina Chapel
Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Joshua Newberg
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Boise
State University, Boise, Idaho
| | - Gunes Uzer
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Boise
State University, Boise, Idaho
| | - Andre J. van Wijnen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Biochemistry and
Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Janet Rubin
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina Chapel
Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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34
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Šoltić D, Shorrock HK, Allardyce H, Wilson EL, Holt I, Synowsky SA, Shirran SL, Parson SH, Gillingwater TH, Fuller HR. Lamin A/C dysregulation contributes to cardiac pathology in a mouse model of severe spinal muscular atrophy. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 28:3515-3527. [PMID: 31397869 PMCID: PMC6927462 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac pathology is emerging as a prominent systemic feature of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), but little is known about the underlying molecular pathways. Using quantitative proteomics analysis, we demonstrate widespread molecular defects in heart tissue from the Taiwanese mouse model of severe SMA. We identify increased levels of lamin A/C as a robust molecular phenotype in the heart of SMA mice and show that lamin A/C dysregulation is also apparent in SMA patient fibroblast cells and other tissues from SMA mice. Lamin A/C expression was regulated in vitro by knockdown of the E1 ubiquitination factor ubiquitin-like modifier activating enzyme 1, a key downstream mediator of SMN-dependent disease pathways, converging on β-catenin signaling. Increased levels of lamin A are known to increase the rigidity of nuclei, inevitably disrupting contractile activity in cardiomyocytes. The increased lamin A/C levels in the hearts of SMA mice therefore provide a likely mechanism explaining morphological and functional cardiac defects, leading to blood pooling. Therapeutic strategies directed at lamin A/C may therefore offer a new approach to target cardiac pathology in SMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darija Šoltić
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Keele ST5 5BG, UK
- Wolfson Centre for Inherited Neuromuscular Disease, RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry SY10 7AG, UK
| | - Hannah K Shorrock
- Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences
- Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Hazel Allardyce
- Institute of Education for Medical and Dental Science, College of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3FX, UK
| | - Emma L Wilson
- Chester Medical School, University of Chester, Chester CH1 4BJ, UK
| | - Ian Holt
- Wolfson Centre for Inherited Neuromuscular Disease, RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry SY10 7AG, UK
| | - Silvia A Synowsky
- BSRC Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Sally L Shirran
- BSRC Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Simon H Parson
- Institute of Education for Medical and Dental Science, College of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3FX, UK
| | - Thomas H Gillingwater
- Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences
- Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Heidi R Fuller
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Keele ST5 5BG, UK
- Wolfson Centre for Inherited Neuromuscular Disease, RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry SY10 7AG, UK
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Mastrolia I, Foppiani EM, Murgia A, Candini O, Samarelli AV, Grisendi G, Veronesi E, Horwitz EM, Dominici M. Challenges in Clinical Development of Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells: Concise Review. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8:1135-1148. [PMID: 31313507 PMCID: PMC6811694 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.19-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Identified 50 years ago, mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) immediately generated a substantial interest among the scientific community because of their differentiation plasticity and hematopoietic supportive function. Early investigations provided evidence of a relatively low engraftment rate and a transient benefit for challenging congenital and acquired diseases. The reasons for these poor therapeutic benefits forced the entire field to reconsider MSC mechanisms of action together with their ex vivo manipulation procedures. This phase resulted in advances in MSCs processing and the hypothesis that MSC‐tissue supportive functions may be prevailing their differentiation plasticity, broadening the spectrum of MSCs therapeutic potential far beyond their lineage‐restricted commitments. Consequently, an increasing number of studies have been conducted for a variety of clinical indications, revealing additional challenges and suggesting that MSCs are still lagging behind for a solid clinical translation. For this reason, our aim was to dissect the current challenges in the development of still promising cell types that, after more than half a century, still need to reach their maturity. stem cells translational medicine2019;8:1135–1148
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilenia Mastrolia
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, Program of Cell Therapy and Immuno-Oncology, Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Manuela Foppiani
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Alba Murgia
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, Program of Cell Therapy and Immuno-Oncology, Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Anna Valeria Samarelli
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, Program of Cell Therapy and Immuno-Oncology, Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Grisendi
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, Program of Cell Therapy and Immuno-Oncology, Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Elena Veronesi
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, Program of Cell Therapy and Immuno-Oncology, Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Technopole of Mirandola TPM, Mirandola, Modena, Italy
| | - Edwin M Horwitz
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Massimo Dominici
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, Program of Cell Therapy and Immuno-Oncology, Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Rigenerand srl, Medolla, Modena, Italy.,Technopole of Mirandola TPM, Mirandola, Modena, Italy
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Pagnotti GM, Styner M, Uzer G, Patel VS, Wright LE, Ness KK, Guise TA, Rubin J, Rubin CT. Combating osteoporosis and obesity with exercise: leveraging cell mechanosensitivity. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2019; 15:339-355. [PMID: 30814687 PMCID: PMC6520125 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-019-0170-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis, a condition of skeletal decline that undermines quality of life, is treated with pharmacological interventions that are associated with poor adherence and adverse effects. Complicating efforts to improve clinical outcomes, the incidence of obesity is increasing, predisposing the population to a range of musculoskeletal complications and metabolic disorders. Pharmacological management of obesity has yet to deliver notable reductions in weight and debilitating complications are rarely avoided. By contrast, exercise shows promise as a non-invasive and non-pharmacological method of regulating both osteoporosis and obesity. The principal components of exercise - mechanical signals - promote bone and muscle anabolism while limiting formation and expansion of fat mass. Mechanical regulation of bone and marrow fat might be achieved by regulating functions of differentiated cells in the skeletal tissue while biasing lineage selection of their common progenitors - mesenchymal stem cells. An inverse relationship between adipocyte versus osteoblast fate selection from stem cells is implicated in clinical conditions such as childhood obesity and increased marrow adiposity in type 2 diabetes mellitus, as well as contributing to skeletal frailty. Understanding how exercise-induced mechanical signals can be used to improve bone quality while decreasing fat mass and metabolic dysfunction should lead to new strategies to treat chronic diseases such as osteoporosis and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel M Pagnotti
- School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Maya Styner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Gunes Uzer
- College of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA
| | - Vihitaben S Patel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Laura E Wright
- School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kirsten K Ness
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Theresa A Guise
- School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Janet Rubin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Clinton T Rubin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
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Zhang B, Yang Y, Keyimu R, Hao J, Zhao Z, Ye R. The role of lamin A/C in mesenchymal stem cell differentiation. J Physiol Biochem 2019; 75:11-18. [PMID: 30706289 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-019-00661-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Lamin A/C is the major architectural protein of cell nucleus in charge of the nuclear mechanosensing. By integrating extracellular mechanical and biochemical signals, lamin A/C regulates multiple intracellular events including mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) fate determination. Herein, we review the recent findings about the effects and mechanisms of lamin A/C in governing MSC lineage commitment, with a special focus on osteogenesis and adipogenesis. Better understanding of MSC differentiation regulated by lamin A/C could provide insights into pathogenesis of age-related osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of General Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Reziwan Keyimu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Hao
- Program in Biological Sciences in Dental Medicine, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhihe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. .,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Rui Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. .,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Tan YF, Tang L, OuYang WX, Jiang T, Zhang H, Li SJ. β-catenin-coordinated lncRNA MALAT1 up-regulation of ZEB-1 could enhance the telomerase activity in HGF-mediated differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into hepatocytes. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:546-554. [PMID: 30658864 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate role of β-catenin and lncRNA MALAT1/miR-217 axis to converge into the regulation of ZEB-1 in hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-induced hepatocytes differentiated from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). METHODS BM-MSCs were isolated and HGF was used to induce the differentiation of BM-MSCs into hepatocytes. HSC-T6 cells, BRL-3 A cells and differentiated BM-MSCs were treated by lipopolysaccharide(LPS). shRNAs were used to silence β-catenin and recombinant plasmids were used to over-express ZEB1. Measurement of cell viability was conducted using MTT assay and Hoechst 33342 staining. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay was used to determine binding of miR-217-3p and MALAT1. RESULTS BM-MSCs successfully differentiated into hepatocytes by HGF treatment. Expression of β-catenin, ZEB-1 and TERT was up-regulated to a higher level in hepatocytes differentiated from BM-MSCs than HSC-T6 cells and BRL-3 A cells after LPS stimulation. When β-catenin was knocked down in all cell lines, expression of β-catenin, ZEB-1 and TERT was significantly decreased as well as telomerase activity. While when ZEB1 was over-expressed, expression of TERT and telomerase activity was all significantly up-regulated. In hepatocytes differentiated from BM-MSCs, miR-217 was down-regulated and lncRNA MALAT1 was up-regulated. RIP analysis showed MALAT1 was physically associated with miR-217 and might function in the regulation of ZEB-1, further enhancing the expression of TERT so as to augment telomerase activity. CONCLUSION We successfully used HGF to mediate differentiation of BM-MSCs into hepatocytes, and found that β-catenin-coordinated MALAT1/miR-217 axis could up-regulate expression of ZEB-1 and further enhanced the telomerase activity through regulation of TERT in BM-MSCs differentiating into hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Fang Tan
- Department of Hepatopathy Center, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha 410007, PR China
| | - Lian Tang
- Department of Hepatopathy Center, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha 410007, PR China
| | - Wen-Xian OuYang
- Department of Hepatopathy Center, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha 410007, PR China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Hepatopathy Center, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha 410007, PR China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Hepatopathy Center, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha 410007, PR China
| | - Shuang-Jie Li
- Department of Hepatopathy Center, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha 410007, PR China.
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González-Cruz RD, Dahl KN, Darling EM. The Emerging Role of Lamin C as an Important LMNA Isoform in Mechanophenotype. Front Cell Dev Biol 2018; 6:151. [PMID: 30450357 PMCID: PMC6224339 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2018.00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lamin A and lamin C isoforms of the gene LMNA are major structural and mechanotransductive components of the nuclear lamina. Previous reports have proposed lamin A as the isoform with the most dominant contributions to cellular mechanophenotype. Recently, expression of lamin C has also been shown to strongly correlate to cellular elastic and viscoelastic properties. Nevertheless, LMNA isoforms exist as part of a network that collectively provides structural integrity to the nucleus and their expression is ultimately regulated in a cell-specific manner. Thus, they have importance in mechanotransduction and structural integrity of the nucleus as well as potential candidates for biomarkers of whole-cell mechanophenotype. Therefore, a fuller discussion of lamin isoforms as mechanophenotypic biomarkers should compare both individual and ratiometric isoform contributions toward whole-cell mechanophenotype across different cell types. In this perspective, we discuss the distinctions between the mechanophenotypic correlations of individual and ratiometric lamins A:B1, C:B1, (A + C):B1, and C:A across cells from different lineages, demonstrating that the collective contribution of ratiometric lamin (A + C):B1 isoforms exhibited the strongest correlation to whole-cell stiffness. Additionally, we highlight the potential roles of lamin isoform ratios as indicators of mechanophenotypic change in differentiation and disease to demonstrate that the contributions of individual and collective lamin isoforms can occur as both static and dynamic biomarkers of mechanophenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kris N Dahl
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Eric M Darling
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
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40
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Jiang Y, Ji JY. Understanding lamin proteins and their roles in aging and cardiovascular diseases. Life Sci 2018; 212:20-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Tsukune N, Naito M, Ohashi A, Ninomiya T, Sato S, Takahashi T. Forced expression of mouse progerin attenuates the osteoblast differentiation interrupting β-catenin signal pathway in vitro. Cell Tissue Res 2018; 375:655-664. [PMID: 30284086 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-018-2930-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear protein, lamin A, which is a component of inner membrane on nucleoplasm, plays a role in nuclear formation and cell differentiation. The expression of mutated lamin A, termed progerin, causes a rare genetic aging disorder, Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome, which shows abnormal bone formation with the decrease in a number of osteoblasts and osteocytes. However, exact molecular mechanism how progerin exerts depressive effects on osteogenesis has not been fully understood. Here, we created mouse lamin A dC50 cDNA encoding progerin that lacks 50 amino acid residues at C-terminus, transfected it in mouse preosteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells, and examined the changes in osteoblast phenotype. When lamin A dC50-expressed cells were cultured with differentiation-inductive medium, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mRNA levels of major osteoblast markers, type I collagen (Col1), bone sialoprotein (BSP), dentine matrix protein 1 (DMP1), and Runx2 were significantly decreased, and no mineralized nodules were detected as seen in control cells expressing empty vector. In the culture with mineralization-inductive medium, mRNA levels of BSP, osteocalcin, DMP1, Runx2, and osterix were strongly decreased parallel with loss of mineralization in lamin A dC50-expressed cells, while mineralized nodules appear at 21 days in control cells. Furthermore, lamin A dC50 expression was depressed nuclear localization of β-catenin with the decrease of GSK-3β phosphorylation level. These results suggest that lamin A dC50 depresses osteoblast differentiation in both early and late stages, and it negatively regulates β-catenin activity interacting with GSK-3β in cytoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Tsukune
- Division of Applied Oral Science, Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Masako Naito
- Department of Anatomy, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
- Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Akiko Ohashi
- Department of Anatomy, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
- Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Tadashi Ninomiya
- Department of Anatomy, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
- Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Shuichi Sato
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
- Division of Advanced Dental Treatment, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Tomihisa Takahashi
- Department of Anatomy, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan.
- Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan.
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Sowińska-Seidler A, Olech EM, Socha M, Larysz D, Jamsheer A. Novel 1q22-q23.1 duplication in a patient with lambdoid and metopic craniosynostosis, muscular hypotonia, and psychomotor retardation. J Appl Genet 2018; 59:281-289. [PMID: 29845577 PMCID: PMC6060980 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-018-0447-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Craniosynostosis (CS) refers to the group of craniofacial malformations characterized by the premature closure of one or more cranial sutures. The disorder is clinically and genetically heterogeneous and occurs usually as an isolated trait, but can also be syndromic. In 30-60% of patients, CS is caused by known genetic factors; however, in the rest of the cases, causative molecular lesions remain unknown. In this paper, we report on a sporadic male patient affected by complex CS (metopic and unilateral lambdoid synostosis), muscular hypotonia, psychomotor retardation, and facial dysmorphism. Since a subset of CS results from submicroscopic chromosomal aberrations, we performed array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) in order to identify possibly causative copy-number variation. Array CGH followed by breakpoint sequencing revealed a previously unreported de novo 1.26 Mb duplication at chromosome 1q22-q23.1 that encompassed two genes involved in osteoblast differentiation: BGLAP, encoding osteocalcin (OCN), and LMNA, encoding lamin A/C. OCN is a major component of bone extracellular matrix and a marker of osteogenesis, whereas mutations in LMNA cause several genetic disorders called laminopathies, including mandibuloacral dysostosis (MAD) that manifests with low bone mass, severe bone deformities, and delayed closure of the cranial sutures. Since LMNA and BGLAP overexpression promote osteoblast differentiation and calcification, phenotype of our patient may result from misexpression of the genes. Based on our findings, we hypothesize that both LMNA and BGLAP may be implicated in the pathogenesis of CS in humans. However, further studies are needed to establish the exact pathomechanism underlying development of this defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sowińska-Seidler
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8 Street, 60-806, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Ewelina M Olech
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8 Street, 60-806, Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Socha
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8 Street, 60-806, Poznan, Poland
| | - Dawid Larysz
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Maria Skłodowska Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-101, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Aleksander Jamsheer
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8 Street, 60-806, Poznan, Poland.
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Yang Y, Qu R, Fan T, Zhu X, Feng Y, Yang Y, Deng T, Peng Y, Huang W, Ouyang J, Dai J. Cross-talk between microtubules and the linker of nucleoskeleton complex plays a critical role in the adipogenesis of human adipose-derived stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:125. [PMID: 29720241 PMCID: PMC5930445 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0836-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) that show multidifferentiation and anti-immune rejection capacities have been widely used in plastic and reconstructive surgery. Previous studies have indicated that mechanical and biophysical interactions between cells and their surrounding environment regulate essential processes, such as growth, survival, and differentiation, and the cytoskeleton system plays an important role in the mechanotransduction. However, the role of mechanical force in the determination of lineage fate is still unclear. Methods Human ASCs (hASCs) were obtained from three different donors by liposuction. Adipogenesis and osteogenesis were determined by Oil Red O and Alizarin Red staining, respectively. The mRNA levels of the cytoskeleton system, PPARγ, and C/EBPα were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The level of cytoskeleton, PPARγ, and C/EBPα protein levels were measured by Western blotting. The morphology of the cytoskeleton system during adipogenesis was observed with confocal microscopy. hASCs were transfected with a SUN2-specific shRNA to knockdown sun2, and a nontargeting shRNA was used as a control. Results We found that disrupting the physiological balance between the cytoskeleton and the linker of the nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex (especially SUN2) could impact the adipogenesis of hASCs in vitro. Microtubule (MT) depolymerization with nocodazole (which interferes with the polymerization of MTs) increased the expression of SUN2 and PPARγ, while taxol (an inhibitor of MT disassembly) showed the opposite results. Meanwhile, hASCs with sun2 knockdown overexpressed MTs and decreased PPARγ expression, thereby inhibiting the adipogenesis. Furthermore, knockdown of sun2 changed the structure of perinuclear MTs. Conclusions We demonstrated the presence of cross-talk between MT and SUN2, and this cross-talk plays a critical role in the rebalance of the mechanical environment and is involved in the regulation of PPARγ transport during adipogenic differentiation of hASCs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-0836-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Yang
- Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicine and Biomechanics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Rongmei Qu
- Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicine and Biomechanics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Tingyu Fan
- Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicine and Biomechanics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xi Zhu
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yanting Feng
- Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicine and Biomechanics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yuchao Yang
- Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicine and Biomechanics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ting Deng
- Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicine and Biomechanics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yan Peng
- Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicine and Biomechanics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wenhua Huang
- Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicine and Biomechanics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Jun Ouyang
- Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicine and Biomechanics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Jingxing Dai
- Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicine and Biomechanics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Gargiuli C, Schena E, Mattioli E, Columbaro M, D'Apice MR, Novelli G, Greggi T, Lattanzi G. Lamins and bone disorders: current understanding and perspectives. Oncotarget 2018; 9:22817-22831. [PMID: 29854317 PMCID: PMC5978267 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lamin A/C is a major constituent of the nuclear lamina implicated in a number of genetic diseases, collectively known as laminopathies. The most severe forms of laminopathies feature, among other symptoms, congenital scoliosis, osteoporosis, osteolysis or delayed cranial ossification. Importantly, specific bone districts are typically affected in laminopathies. Spine is severely affected in LMNA-linked congenital muscular dystrophy. Mandible, terminal phalanges and clavicles undergo osteolytic processes in progeroid laminopathies and Restrictive Dermopathy, a lethal developmental laminopathy. This specificity suggests that lamin A/C regulates fine mechanisms of bone turnover, as supported by data showing that lamin A/C mutations activate non-canonical pathways of osteoclastogenesis, as the one dependent on TGF beta 2. Here, we review current knowledge on laminopathies affecting bone and LMNA involvement in bone turnover and highlight lamin-dependent mechanisms causing bone disorders. This knowledge can be exploited to identify new therapeutic approaches not only for laminopathies, but also for other rare diseases featuring bone abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Gargiuli
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Schena
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Mattioli
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marta Columbaro
- Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Novelli
- Medical Genetics Unit, Policlinico Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Tiziana Greggi
- Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Spine Deformity Department, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Bologna, Italy
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Lamin A/C might be involved in the EMT signalling pathway. Gene 2018; 663:51-64. [PMID: 29665450 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We have previously reported a heterogeneous expression pattern of the nuclear membrane protein lamin A/C in low- and high-Gleason score (GS) prostate cancer (PC) tissues, and we have now found that this change is not associated with LMNA mutations. This expression pattern appears to be similar to the process of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) or to that of mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET). The role of lamin A/C in EMT or MET in PC remains unclear. Therefore, we first investigated the expression levels of and the associations between lamin A/C and several common EMT markers, such as E-cadherin, N-cadherin, β-catenin, snail, slug and vimentin in PC tissues with different GS values and in different cell lines with varying invasion abilities. Our results suggest that lamin A/C might constitute a type of epithelial marker that better signifies EMT and MET in PC tissue, since a decrease in lamin A/C expression in GS 4 + 5 cases is likely associated with the EMT process, while the re-expression of lamin A/C in GS 5 + 4 cases is likely linked with MET. The detailed GS better exhibited the changes in lamin A/C and the EMT markers examined. Lamin A/C overexpression or knockdown had an impact on EMT biomarkers in a cell model by direct regulation of β-catenin. Hence, we suggest that lamin A/C might serve as a reliable epithelial biomarker for the distinction of PC cell differentiation and might also be a fundamental factor in the occurrence of EMT or MET in PC.
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Chen L, Jiang F, Qiao Y, Li H, Wei Z, Huang T, Lan J, Xia Y, Li J. Nucleoskeletal stiffness regulates stem cell migration and differentiation through lamin A/C. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:5112-5118. [PMID: 29215717 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell-based tissue engineering provides a prospective strategy to bone tissue repair. Bone tissue repair begins at the recruitment and directional movement of stem cells, and ultimately achieved on the directional differentiation of stem cells. The migration and differentiation of stem cells are regulated by nucleoskeletal stiffness. Mechanical properties of lamin A/C contribute to the nucleoskeletal stiffness and consequently to the regulation of cell migration and differentiation. Nuclear lamin A/C determines cell migration through the regulation of nucleoskeletal stiffness and rigidity and involve in nuclear-cytoskeletal coupling. Moreover, lamin A/C is the essential core module regulating stem cell differentiation. The cells with higher migration ability tend to have enhanced differentiation potential, while the optimum amount of lamin A/C in migration and differentiation of MSCs is in conflict. This contrary phenomenon may be the result of mechanical microenvironment modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liujing Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, West China School of Stomatology Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fulin Jiang
- Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, West China School of Stomatology Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yini Qiao
- Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, West China School of Stomatology Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong Li
- Hangzhou Dental Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhangming Wei
- Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, West China School of Stomatology Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tu Huang
- Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, West China School of Stomatology Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingxiang Lan
- Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, West China School of Stomatology Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Xia
- Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, West China School of Stomatology Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, West China School of Stomatology Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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González-Cruz RD, Sadick JS, Fonseca VC, Darling EM. Nuclear Lamin Protein C Is Linked to Lineage-Specific, Whole-Cell Mechanical Properties. Cell Mol Bioeng 2018; 11:131-142. [PMID: 29755599 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-018-0518-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lamin proteins confer nuclear integrity and relay external mechanical cues that drive changes in gene expression. However, the influence these lamins have on whole-cell mechanical properties is unknown. We hypothesized that protein expression of lamins A, B1, and C would depend on the integrity of the actin cytoskeleton and correlate with cellular elasticity and viscoelasticity. METHODS To test these hypotheses, we examined the protein expression of lamins A, B1, and C across five different cell lines with varied mechanical properties. Additionally, we treated representative "soft/stiff" cell types with cytochalasin D and LMNA siRNA to determine the effect of a more compliant whole-cell phenotype on lamin A, B1 and C protein expression. RESULTS A positive, linear correlation existed between lamin C protein expression and average cell moduli/apparent viscosity. Though moderate correlations existed between lamin A/B1 protein expression and whole-cell mechanical properties, they were statistically insignificant. Inhibition of actin polymerization, via cytochalasin D treatment, resulted in reduced cell elasticity, viscoelasticity, and lamin A and C protein expression in "stiff" MG-63 cells. In "soft" HEK-293T cells, this treatment reduced cell elasticity and viscoelasticity but did not affect lamin B1 or C protein expression. Additionally, LMNA siRNA treatment of MG-63 cells decreased whole-cell elasticity and viscoelasticity. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that lamin C protein expression is strongly associated with whole-cell mechanical properties and could potentially serve as a biomarker for mechanophenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael D González-Cruz
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI USA.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology, and Biotechnology, Brown University, Providence, RI USA
| | - Jessica S Sadick
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology, and Biotechnology, Brown University, Providence, RI USA
| | - Vera C Fonseca
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology, and Biotechnology, Brown University, Providence, RI USA
| | - Eric M Darling
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI USA.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology, and Biotechnology, Brown University, Providence, RI USA.,Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University, Providence, RI USA.,School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Nuclear envelope links to a wide range of disorders, including several myopathies and neuropathies over the past 2 decades, has spurred research leading to a completely changed view of this important cellular structure and its functions. However, the many functions now assigned to the nuclear envelope make it increasingly hard to determine which functions underlie these disorders. RECENT FINDINGS New nuclear envelope functions in genome organization, regulation and repair, signaling, and nuclear and cellular mechanics have been added to its classical barrier function. Arguments can be made for any of these functions mediating abnormality in nuclear envelope disorders and data exist supporting many. Moreover, transient and/or distal nuclear envelope connections to other cellular proteins and structures may increase the complexity of these disorders. SUMMARY Although the increased understanding of nuclear envelope functions has made it harder to distinguish specific causes of nuclear envelope disorders, this is because it has greatly expanded the spectrum of possible mechanisms underlying them. This change in perspective applies well beyond the known nuclear envelope disorders, potentially implicating the nuclear envelope in a much wider range of myopathies and neuropathies.
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Fernández-Pombo A, Ossandon-Otero JA, Guillín-Amarelle C, Sánchez-Iglesias S, Castro AI, González-Méndez B, Rodríguez-García S, Rodriguez-Cañete L, Casanueva FF, Araújo-Vilar D. Bone mineral density in familial partial lipodystrophy. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2018; 88:44-50. [PMID: 29078011 DOI: 10.1111/cen.13504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Type 1 and type 2 familial partial lipodystrophies (FPLD) are characterized by the loss or increase in subcutaneous fat in certain body regions, as well as metabolic disorders. Higher muscle volume and mass have also been described. However, so far, possible bone involvement has not been studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with type 1 and type 2 FPLD. METHODS A total of 143 women were selected and distributed into three groups (17 women with FPLD2, 82 women with FPLD1 and 44 nonlipodystrophic obese female controls). A thorough history and physical examination were carried out on all subjects, as well as the measurement of anthropometric features. BMD along with fat and fat-free mass (FFM) were determined by DXA (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry). Statistical analyses, primarily using the χ2 , ANOVA and ANCOVA tests, were performed, using age, height, fat and FFM as covariables. RESULTS After eliminating the possible influences of age, height, fat and FFM, we observed that there were no significant differences in total BMD between patients with FPLD and the control group, showing total BMD values of 1.092 ± 0.037 g/cm2 in the FPLD2 group, 1.158 ± 0.013 g/cm2 in the FPLD1 group and 1.173 ± 0.018 g/cm2 in the control group (P = .194). Similarly, no significant differences were found in segmental BMD. CONCLUSIONS Unlike in other types of laminopathy in which bone is affected, in the case of FPLD, there are no differences in BMD compared to nonlipodystrophic subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antía Fernández-Pombo
- UETeM-Molecular Pathology Group, Department of Medicine, IDIS-CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Javier A Ossandon-Otero
- UETeM-Molecular Pathology Group, Department of Medicine, IDIS-CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Cristina Guillín-Amarelle
- UETeM-Molecular Pathology Group, Department of Medicine, IDIS-CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Sofía Sánchez-Iglesias
- UETeM-Molecular Pathology Group, Department of Medicine, IDIS-CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana I Castro
- Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - Blanca González-Méndez
- UETeM-Molecular Pathology Group, Department of Medicine, IDIS-CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Silvia Rodríguez-García
- UETeM-Molecular Pathology Group, Department of Medicine, IDIS-CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Leticia Rodriguez-Cañete
- UETeM-Molecular Pathology Group, Department of Medicine, IDIS-CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Felipe F Casanueva
- Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Araújo-Vilar
- UETeM-Molecular Pathology Group, Department of Medicine, IDIS-CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Al Saedi A, Gunawardene P, Bermeo S, Vogrin S, Boersma D, Phu S, Singh L, Suriyaarachchi P, Duque G. Lamin A expression in circulating osteoprogenitors as a potential biomarker for frailty: The Nepean Osteoporosis and Frailty (NOF) Study. Exp Gerontol 2017; 102:69-75. [PMID: 29203402 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Lamin A is a protein of the nuclear lamina. Low levels of lamin A expression are associated with osteosarcopenia in mice. In this study, we hypothesized that low lamin A expression is also associated with frailty in humans. We aimed to develop a non-invasive method to quantify lamin A expression in epithelial and circulating osteoprogenitor (COP) cells, and to determine the relationship between lamin A expression and frailty in older individuals. COP cells and buccal swabs were obtained from 66 subjects (median age 74; 60% female; 26 non-frail, 23 pre-frail, and 17 frail) participating at the Nepean Osteoporosis and Frailty (NOF) Study. We quantified physical performance and disability, and stratified frailty in this population. Lamin A expression in epithelial and COP cells was quantified by flow cytometry. Linear regression models estimated the relationship between lamin A expression in buccal and COP cells, and prevalent disability and frailty. Lamin A expression in buccal cells showed no association with either disability or frailty. Low lamin A expression values in COP cells were associated with frailty. Frail individuals showed 60% lower levels of lamin A compared to non-frail (95% CI -36 to -74%, p<0.001) and 62% lower levels compared to pre-frail (95%CI -40 to -76%, p<0.001). In summary, we have identified lamin A expression in COP cells as a strong indicator of frailty. Further work is needed to understand lamin A expression as a risk stratifier, biomarker, or therapeutic target in frail older persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al Saedi
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Piumali Gunawardene
- Sydney Medical School Nepean, The University of Sydney, Penrith, NSW, Australia; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Nepean Hospital, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Sandra Bermeo
- Sydney Medical School Nepean, The University of Sydney, Penrith, NSW, Australia.
| | - Sara Vogrin
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Derek Boersma
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Nepean Hospital, Penrith, NSW, Australia.
| | - Steven Phu
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Lakshman Singh
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | | | - Gustavo Duque
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Sydney Medical School Nepean, The University of Sydney, Penrith, NSW, Australia.
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