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Davoudi P, Do DN, Colombo S, Rathgeber B, Sargolzaei M, Plastow G, Wang Z, Hu G, Valipour S, Miar Y. Genome-wide association studies for economically important traits in mink using copy number variation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:24. [PMID: 38167844 PMCID: PMC10762091 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50497-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Copy number variations (CNVs) are structural variants consisting of duplications and deletions of DNA segments, which are known to play important roles in the genetics of complex traits in livestock species. However, CNV-based genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have remained unexplored in American mink. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to investigate the association between CNVs and complex traits in American mink. A CNV-based GWAS was performed with the ParseCNV2 software program using deregressed estimated breeding values of 27 traits as pseudophenotypes, categorized into traits of growth and feed efficiency, reproduction, pelt quality, and Aleutian disease tests. The study identified a total of 10,137 CNVs (6968 duplications and 3169 deletions) using the Affymetrix Mink 70K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array in 2986 American mink. The association analyses identified 250 CNV regions (CNVRs) associated with at least one of the studied traits. These CNVRs overlapped with a total of 320 potential candidate genes, and among them, several genes have been known to be related to the traits such as ARID1B, APPL1, TOX, and GPC5 (growth and feed efficiency traits); GRM1, RNASE10, WNT3, WNT3A, and WNT9B (reproduction traits); MYO10, and LIMS1 (pelt quality traits); and IFNGR2, APEX1, UBE3A, and STX11 (Aleutian disease tests). Overall, the results of the study provide potential candidate genes that may regulate economically important traits and therefore may be used as genetic markers in mink genomic breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pourya Davoudi
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada
| | - Duy Ngoc Do
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada
| | - Stefanie Colombo
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada
| | - Bruce Rathgeber
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada
| | - Mehdi Sargolzaei
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Select Sires Inc., Plain City, OH, USA
| | - Graham Plastow
- Livestock Gentec, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Zhiquan Wang
- Livestock Gentec, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Guoyu Hu
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada
| | - Shafagh Valipour
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada
| | - Younes Miar
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada.
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Adeva-Andany MM, Carneiro-Freire N. Biochemical composition of the glomerular extracellular matrix in patients with diabetic kidney disease. World J Diabetes 2022; 13:498-520. [PMID: 36051430 PMCID: PMC9329837 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v13.i7.498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the glomeruli, mesangial cells produce mesangial matrix while podocytes wrap glomerular capillaries with cellular extensions named foot processes and tether the glomerular basement membrane (GBM). The turnover of the mature GBM and the ability of adult podocytes to repair injured GBM are unclear. The actin cytoskeleton is a major cytoplasmic component of podocyte foot processes and links the cell to the GBM. Predominant components of the normal glomerular extracellular matrix (ECM) include glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, laminins, fibronectin-1, and several types of collagen. In patients with diabetes, multiorgan composition of extracellular tissues is anomalous, including the kidney, so that the constitution and arrangement of glomerular ECM is profoundly altered. In patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD), the global quantity of glomerular ECM is increased. The level of sulfated proteoglycans is reduced while hyaluronic acid is augmented, compared to control subjects. The concentration of mesangial fibronectin-1 varies depending on the stage of DKD. Mesangial type III collagen is abundant in patients with DKD, unlike normal kidneys. The amount of type V and type VI collagens is higher in DKD and increases with the progression of the disease. The GBM contains lower amount of type IV collagen in DKD compared to normal tissue. Further, genetic variants in the α3 chain of type IV collagen may modulate susceptibility to DKD and end-stage kidney disease. Human cellular models of glomerular cells, analyses of human glomerular proteome, and improved microscopy procedures have been developed to investigate the molecular composition and organization of the human glomerular ECM.
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Mierke CT, Hayn A, Fischer T. PINCH1 Promotes Fibroblast Migration in Extracellular Matrices and Influences Their Mechanophenotype. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:869563. [PMID: 35652097 PMCID: PMC9149598 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.869563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell migration performs a critical function in numerous physiological processes, including tissue homeostasis or wound healing after tissue injury, as well as pathological processes that include malignant progression of cancer. The efficiency of cell migration and invasion appears to be based on the mechano-phenotype of the cytoskeleton. The properties of the cytoskeleton depend on internal cytoskeletal and external environmental factors. A reason for this are connections between the cell and its local matrix microenvironment, which are established by cell-matrix adhesion receptors. Upon activation, focal adhesion proteins such as PINCH1 are recruited to sites where focal adhesions form. PINCH1 specifically couples through interactions with ILK, which binds to cell matrix receptors and the actomyosin cytoskeleton. However, the role of PINCH1 in cell mechanics regulating cellular motility in 3D collagen matrices is still unclear. PINCH1 is thought to facilitate 3D motility by regulating cellular mechanical properties, such as stiffness. In this study, PINCH1 wild-type and knock-out cells were examined for their ability to migrate in dense extracellular 3D matrices. Indeed, PINCH1 wild-type cells migrated more numerously and deeper in 3D matrices, compared to knock-out cells. Moreover, cellular deformability was determined, e.g., elastic modulus (stiffness). PINCH1 knock-out cells are more deformable (compliable) than PINCH1 wild-type cells. Migration of both PINCH1−/− cells and PINCH1fl/fl cells was decreased by Latrunculin A inhibition of actin polymerization, suggesting that actin cytoskeletal differences are not responsible for the discrepancy in invasiveness of the two cell types. However, the mechanical phenotype of PINCH1−/− cells may be reflected by Latrunculin A treatment of PINCH1fl/fl cells, as they exhibit resembling deformability to untreated PINCH1−/− cells. Moreover, an apparent mismatch exists between the elongation of the long axis and the contraction of the short axis between PINCH1fl/fl cells and PINCH1−/− cells following Latrunculin A treatment. There is evidence of this indicating a shift in the proxy values for Poisson’s ratio in PINCH1−/− cells compared with PINCH1fl/fl cells. This is probably attributable to modifications in cytoskeletal architecture. The non-muscle myosin II inhibitor Blebbistatin also reduced the cell invasiveness in 3D extracellular matrices but instead caused a stiffening of the cells. Finally, PINCH1 is apparently essential for providing cellular mechanical stiffness through the actin cytoskeleton, which regulates 3D motility.
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4
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Su J, Guo L, Wu C. A mechanoresponsive PINCH-1-Notch2 interaction regulates smooth muscle differentiation of human placental mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cells 2021; 39:650-668. [PMID: 33529444 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness plays an important role in the decision making process of smooth muscle differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) but the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Here we show that a signaling axis consisting of PINCH-1 and Notch2 is critically involved in mediating the effect of ECM stiffness on smooth muscle differentiation of MSCs. Notch2 level is markedly increased in ECM stiffness-induced smooth muscle differentiation of human placental MSCs. Knockdown of Notch2 from human placental MSCs effectively inhibits ECM stiffness-induced smooth muscle differentiation, whereas overexpression of North intracellular domain (NICD2) is sufficient to drive human placental MSC differentiation toward smooth muscle cells. At the molecular level, Notch2 directly interacts with PINCH-1. The interaction of Notch2 with PINCH-1 is significantly increased in response to ECM stiffness favoring smooth muscle differentiation. Furthermore, depletion of PINCH-1 from human placental MSCs reduces Notch2 level and consequently suppresses ECM stiffness-induced smooth muscle differentiation. Re-expression of PINCH-1, but not that of a Notch2-binding defective PINCH-1 mutant, in PINCH-1 knockdown human placental MSCs restores smooth muscle differentiation. Finally, overexpression of NICD2 is sufficient to override PINCH-1 deficiency-induced defect in smooth muscle differentiation. Our results identify an ECM stiffness-responsive PINCH-1-Notch2 interaction that is critically involved in ECM stiffness-induced smooth muscle differentiation of human placental MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Su
- Department of Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanyue Wu
- Department of Pathology and the McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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5
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Chen K, Wang Y, Deng X, Guo L, Wu C. Extracellular matrix stiffness regulates mitochondrial dynamics through PINCH-1- and kindlin-2-mediated signalling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crcbio.2021.100008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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LIM domain proteins Pinch1/2 regulate chondrogenesis and bone mass in mice. Bone Res 2020; 8:37. [PMID: 33083097 PMCID: PMC7553939 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-020-00108-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The LIM domain-containing proteins Pinch1/2 regulate integrin activation and cell–extracellular matrix interaction and adhesion. Here, we report that deleting Pinch1 in limb mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and Pinch2 globally (double knockout; dKO) in mice causes severe chondrodysplasia, while single mutant mice do not display marked defects. Pinch deletion decreases chondrocyte proliferation, accelerates cell differentiation and disrupts column formation. Pinch loss drastically reduces Smad2/3 protein expression in proliferative zone (PZ) chondrocytes and increases Runx2 and Col10a1 expression in both PZ and hypertrophic zone (HZ) chondrocytes. Pinch loss increases sclerostin and Rankl expression in HZ chondrocytes, reduces bone formation, and increases bone resorption, leading to low bone mass. In vitro studies revealed that Pinch1 and Smad2/3 colocalize in the nuclei of chondrocytes. Through its C-terminal region, Pinch1 interacts with Smad2/3 proteins. Pinch loss increases Smad2/3 ubiquitination and degradation in primary bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). Pinch loss reduces TGF-β-induced Smad2/3 phosphorylation and nuclear localization in primary BMSCs. Interestingly, compared to those from single mutant mice, BMSCs from dKO mice express dramatically lower protein levels of β-catenin and Yap1/Taz and display reduced osteogenic but increased adipogenic differentiation capacity. Finally, ablating Pinch1 in chondrocytes and Pinch2 globally causes severe osteopenia with subtle limb shortening. Collectively, our findings demonstrate critical roles for Pinch1/2 and a functional redundancy of both factors in the control of chondrogenesis and bone mass through distinct mechanisms.
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Guo L, Cui C, Wang J, Yuan J, Yang Q, Zhang P, Su W, Bao R, Ran J, Wu C. PINCH-1 regulates mitochondrial dynamics to promote proline synthesis and tumor growth. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4913. [PMID: 33004813 PMCID: PMC7529891 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18753-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Reprograming of proline metabolism is critical for tumor growth. Here we show that PINCH-1 is highly expressed in lung adenocarcinoma and promotes proline synthesis through regulation of mitochondrial dynamics. Knockout (KO) of PINCH-1 increases dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) expression and mitochondrial fragmentation, which suppresses kindlin-2 mitochondrial translocation and interaction with pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1 (PYCR1), resulting in inhibition of proline synthesis and cell proliferation. Depletion of DRP1 reverses PINCH-1 deficiency-induced defects on mitochondrial dynamics, proline synthesis and cell proliferation. Furthermore, overexpression of PYCR1 in PINCH-1 KO cells restores proline synthesis and cell proliferation, and suppresses DRP1 expression and mitochondrial fragmentation. Finally, ablation of PINCH-1 from lung adenocarcinoma in mouse increases DRP1 expression and inhibits PYCR1 expression, proline synthesis, fibrosis and tumor growth. Our results identify a signaling axis consisting of PINCH-1, DRP1 and PYCR1 that regulates mitochondrial dynamics and proline synthesis, and suggest an attractive strategy for alleviation of tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Chunhong Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jifan Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qingyang Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wen Su
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ruolu Bao
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jingchao Ran
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chuanyue Wu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
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Natarajaseenivasan K, Shanmughapriya S, Velusamy P, Sayre M, Garcia A, Gomez NM, Langford D. Inflammation-induced PINCH expression leads to actin depolymerization and mitochondrial mislocalization in neurons. Transl Neurodegener 2020; 9:32. [PMID: 32746944 PMCID: PMC7397656 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-020-00211-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diseases and disorders with a chronic neuroinflammatory component are often linked with changes in brain metabolism. Among neurodegenerative disorders, people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are particularly vulnerable to metabolic disturbances, but the mechanistic connections of inflammation, neurodegeneration and bioenergetic deficits in the central nervous system (CNS) are poorly defined. The particularly interesting new cysteine histidine-rich-protein (PINCH) is nearly undetectable in healthy mature neurons, but is robustly expressed in tauopathy-associated neurodegenerative diseases including HIV infection and AD. Although robust PINCH expression has been reported in neurons in the brains of patients with HIV and AD, the molecular mechanisms and cellular consequences of increased PINCH expression in CNS disease remain largely unknown. METHODS We investigated the regulatory mechanisms responsible for PINCH protein-mediated changes in bioenergetics, mitochondrial subcellular localization and bioenergetic deficits in neurons exposed to physiological levels of TNFα or the HIV protein Tat. Changes in the PINCH-ILK-Parvin (PIP) complex association with cofilin and TESK1 were assessed to identify factors responsible for actin depolymerization and mitochondrial mislocalization. Lentiviral and pharmacological inhibition experiments were conducted to confirm PINCH specificity and to reinstate proper protein-protein complex communication. RESULTS We identified MEF2A as the PINCH transcription factor in neuroinflammation and determined the biological consequences of increased PINCH in neurons. TNFα-mediated activation of MEF2A via increased cellular calcium induced PINCH, leading to disruption of the PIP ternary complex, cofilin activation by TESK1 inactivation, and actin depolymerization. The disruption of actin led to perinuclear mislocalization of mitochondria by destabilizing the kinesin-dependent mitochondrial transport machinery, resulting in impaired neuronal metabolism. Blocking TNFα-induced PINCH expression preserved mitochondrial localization and maintained metabolic functioning. CONCLUSIONS This study reported for the first time the mechanistic and biological consequences of PINCH expression in CNS neurons in diseases with a chronic neuroinflammation component. Our findings point to the maintenance of PINCH at normal physiological levels as a potential new therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases with impaired metabolisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalimuthusamy Natarajaseenivasan
- Department of Neurosciences and Center for Neurovirology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
- Department of Microbiology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024 India
| | - Santhanam Shanmughapriya
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033 USA
| | - Prema Velusamy
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033 USA
| | - Matthew Sayre
- Department of Neurosciences and Center for Neurovirology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
| | - Alvaro Garcia
- Department of Neurosciences and Center for Neurovirology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
| | - Nestor Mas Gomez
- Department of Neurosciences and Center for Neurovirology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
| | - Dianne Langford
- Department of Neurosciences and Center for Neurovirology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA
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Nikou S, Arbi M, Dimitrakopoulos FID, Sirinian C, Chadla P, Pappa I, Ntaliarda G, Stathopoulos GT, Papadaki H, Zolota V, Lygerou Z, Kalofonos HP, Bravou V. Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) regulates KRAS, IPP complex and Ras suppressor-1 (RSU1) promoting lung adenocarcinoma progression and poor survival. J Mol Histol 2020; 51:385-400. [PMID: 32592097 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-020-09888-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) forms a heterotrimeric protein complex with PINCH and PARVIN (IPP) in Focal Adhesions (FAs) that acts as a signaling platform between the cell and its microenvironment regulating important cancer-related functions. We aimed to elucidate the role of ILK in lung adenocarcinoma (LUADC) focusing on a possible link with KRAS oncogene. We used immunohistochemistry on human tissue samples and KRAS-driven LUADC in mice, analysis of large scale publicly available RNA sequencing data, ILK overexpression and pharmacological inhibition as well as knockdown of KRAS in lung cancer cells. ILK, PINCH1 and PARVB (IPP) proteins are overexpressed in human LUADC and KRAS-driven LUADC in mice representing poor prognostic indicators. Genes implicated in ILK signaling are significantly enriched in KRAS-driven LUADC. Silencing of KRAS, as well as, overexpression and pharmacological inhibition of ILK in lung cancer cells provide evidence of a two-way association between ILK and KRAS. Upregulation of PINCH, PARVB and Ras suppressor-1 (RSU1) expression was demonstrated in ILK overexpressing lung cancer cells in addition to a significant positive correlation between these factors in tissue samples, while KRAS silencing downregulates IPP and RSU1. Pharmacological inhibition of ILK in KRAS mutant lung cancer cells suppresses cell growth, migration, EMT and increases sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapy. ILK promotes an aggressive lung cancer phenotype with prognostic and therapeutic value through functions that involve KRAS, IPP complex and RSU1, rendering ILK a promising biomarker and therapeutic target in lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Nikou
- Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26500, Patras, Greece
| | - Marina Arbi
- Department of General Biology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece
| | | | - Chaido Sirinian
- Clinical and Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Division of Oncology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26504, Rio, Greece
| | - Panagiota Chadla
- Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26500, Patras, Greece
| | - Ioanna Pappa
- Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26500, Patras, Greece
| | - Giannoula Ntaliarda
- Laboratory for Molecular Respiratory Carcinogenesis, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, 2504, Rio, Achaia, Greece
| | - Georgios T Stathopoulos
- Laboratory for Molecular Respiratory Carcinogenesis, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, 2504, Rio, Achaia, Greece.,Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC) and Institute for Lung Biology and Disease (iLBD), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Helen Papadaki
- Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26500, Patras, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Zolota
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Zoi Lygerou
- Department of General Biology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Haralabos P Kalofonos
- Clinical and Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Division of Oncology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26504, Rio, Greece.,Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, 26504, Rio, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Bravou
- Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26500, Patras, Greece.
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PINCH-1 interacts with myoferlin to promote breast cancer progression and metastasis. Oncogene 2019; 39:2069-2087. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-1135-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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11
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Wang Y, Yan Q, Zhao Y, Liu X, Lin S, Zhang P, Ma L, Lai Y, Bai X, Liu C, Wu C, Feng JQ, Chen D, Cao H, Xiao G. Focal adhesion proteins Pinch1 and Pinch2 regulate bone homeostasis in mice. JCI Insight 2019; 4:131692. [PMID: 31723057 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.131692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian focal adhesion proteins Pinch1 and Pinch2 regulate integrin activation and cell-extracellular matrix adhesion and migration. Here, we show that deleting Pinch1 in osteocytes and mature osteoblasts using the 10-kb mouse Dmp1-Cre and Pinch2 globally (double KO; dKO) results in severe osteopenia throughout life, while ablating either gene does not cause bone loss, suggesting a functional redundancy of both factors in bone. Pinch deletion in osteocytes and mature osteoblasts generates signals that inhibit osteoblast and bone formation. Pinch-deficient osteocytes and conditioned media from dKO bone slice cultures contain abundant sclerostin protein and potently suppress osteoblast differentiation in primary BM stromal cells (BMSC) and calvarial cultures. Pinch deletion increases adiposity in the BM cavity. Primary dKO BMSC cultures display decreased osteoblastic but enhanced adipogenic, differentiation capacity. Pinch loss decreases expression of integrin β3, integrin-linked kinase (ILK), and α-parvin and increases that of active caspase-3 and -8 in osteocytes. Pinch loss increases osteocyte apoptosis in vitro and in bone. Pinch loss upregulates expression of both Rankl and Opg in the cortical bone and does not increase osteoclast formation and bone resorption. Finally, Pinch ablation exacerbates hindlimb unloading-induced bone loss and impairs active ulna loading-stimulated bone formation. Thus, we establish a critical role of Pinch in control of bone homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishu Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, and.,Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China
| | - Qinnan Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, and.,Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yiran Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, and.,Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, and.,Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China
| | - Simin Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, and.,Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China
| | - Peijun Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, and.,Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China
| | - Liting Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, and.,Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yumei Lai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Xiaochun Bai
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuanju Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and.,Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Chuanyue Wu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jian Q Feng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Di Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Huiling Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, and.,Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China
| | - Guozhi Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, and.,Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Guo L, Wang R, Zhang K, Yuan J, Wang J, Wang X, Ma J, Wu C. A PINCH-1-Smurf1 signaling axis mediates mechano-regulation of BMPR2 and stem cell differentiation. J Cell Biol 2019; 218:3773-3794. [PMID: 31578224 PMCID: PMC6829670 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201902022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical cues from extracellular matrix exert strong effects on stem cell differentiation. This study finds that a signaling axis consisting of PINCH-1, Smurf1, and BMPR2 senses mechanical signals from extracellular matrix and regulates BMP signaling and mesenchymal stem cell differentiation. Mechano-environment plays multiple critical roles in the control of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) fate decision, but the underlying signaling mechanisms remain undefined. We report here a signaling axis consisting of PINCH-1, SMAD specific E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 (Smurf1), and bone morphogenetic protein type 2 receptor (BMPR2) that links mechano-environment to MSC fate decision. PINCH-1 interacts with Smurf1, which inhibits the latter from interacting with BMPR2 and consequently suppresses BMPR2 degradation, resulting in augmented BMP signaling and MSC osteogenic differentiation (OD). Extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffening increases PINCH-1 level and consequently activates this signaling axis. Depletion of PINCH-1 blocks stiff ECM-induced BMP signaling and OD, whereas overexpression of PINCH-1 overrides signals from soft ECM and promotes OD. Finally, perturbation of either Smurf1 or BMPR2 expression is sufficient to block the effects of PINCH-1 on BMP signaling and MSC fate decision. Our findings delineate a key signaling mechanism through which mechano-environment controls BMPR2 level and MSC fate decision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kuo Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jifan Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianfei Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chuanyue Wu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
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Kubota A, Juanola-Falgarona M, Emmanuele V, Sanchez-Quintero MJ, Kariya S, Sera F, Homma S, Tanji K, Quinzii CM, Hirano M. Cardiomyopathy and altered integrin-actin signaling in Fhl1 mutant female mice. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 28:209-219. [PMID: 30260394 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
X-linked scapuloperoneal myopathy (X-SM), one of Four-and-a-half LIM 1 (FHL1) related diseases, is an adult-onset slowly progressive myopathy, often associated with cardiomyopathy. We previously generated a knock-in mouse model that has the same mutation (c.365 G > C, p.W122S) as human X-SM patients. The mutant male mouse developed late-onset slowly progressive myopathy without cardiomyopathy. In this study, we observed that heterozygous (Het) and homozygous (Homo) female mice did not show alterations of skeletal muscle function or histology. In contrast, 20-month-old mutant female mice showed signs of cardiomyopathy on echocardiograms with increased systolic diameter [wild-type (WT): 2.74 ± 0.22 mm, mean ± standard deviation (SD); Het: 3.13 ± 0.11 mm, P < 0.01; Homo: 3.08 ± 0.37 mm, P < 0.05) and lower fractional shortening (WT: 31.1 ± 4.4%, mean ± SD; Het: 22.7 ± 2.5%, P < 0.01; Homo: 22.4 ± 6.9%, P < 0.01]. Histological analysis of cardiac muscle revealed frequent extraordinarily large rectangular nuclei in mutant female mice that were also observed in human cardiac muscle from X-SM patients. Western blot demonstrated decreased Fhl1 protein levels in cardiac muscle, but not in skeletal muscle, of Homo mutant female mice. Proteomic analysis of cardiac muscle from 20-month-old Homo mutant female mice indicated abnormalities of the integrin signaling pathway (ISP) in association with cardiac dysfunction. The ISP dysregulation was further supported by altered levels of a subunit of the ISP downstream effectors Arpc1a in Fhl1 mutant mice and ARPC1A in X-SM patient muscles. This study reveals the first mouse model of FHL1-related cardiomyopathy and implicates ISP dysregulation in the pathogenesis of FHL1 myopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shingo Kariya
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center
| | - Fusako Sera
- Department of Cardiology, Columbia University Medical Center
| | - Shunichi Homma
- Department of Cardiology, Columbia University Medical Center
| | - Kurenai Tanji
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center.,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center
| | | | - Michio Hirano
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center
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High PINCH1 Expression in Human Laryngeal Carcinoma Associates with Poor Prognosis. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2018; 2018:2989635. [PMID: 29755929 PMCID: PMC5884441 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2989635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Focal adhesion signaling to actin cytoskeleton is critically implicated in cell migration and cancer invasion and metastasis. Actin-binding proteins cofilin and N-WASP regulate actin filament turnover, and focal adhesion proteins parvins and PINCH mediate integrin signaling to the actin cytoskeleton. Altered expression of these proteins has been implicated in human cancer. This study addresses their expression and prognostic significance in human laryngeal carcinoma. Protein expressions of cofilin, N-WASP, α-parvin, β-parvin, and PINCH1 were examined by immunohistochemistry in 72 human laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas. Correlations with clinicopathological data and survival were evaluated. All proteins examined were overexpressed in human laryngeal carcinomas compared to adjacent nonneoplastic epithelium. High expression of PINCH1 was associated significantly with high grade, lymph node-positive, and advanced stage disease. Moreover, high PINCH1 expression significantly associated with poor overall and disease-free survival and high cytoplasmic PINCH1 expression was shown by multivariate analysis to independently predict poor overall survival. In conclusion, we provide novel evidence that focal adhesion signaling to actin cytoskeleton is implicated in human laryngeal carcinogenesis and PINCH1 has prognostic significance in the disease.
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Bhatia A, Muthusamy S, Giridhar K, Goel S. Knockdown of PINCH-1 protein sensitizes the estrogen positive breast cancer cells to chemotherapy induced apoptosis. Pathol Res Pract 2017; 214:290-295. [PMID: 29079319 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION PINCH-1 is a ubiquitously expressed protein belonging to the focal adhesion protein group which has a role in cell survival, spreading, adhesion and migration. It has been implicated in pathogenesis of several cancers. In the present study we aimed to investigate the role of this protein in estrogen positive and negative breast cancer subtypes. MATERIALS AND METHODS PINCH-1 expression was studied in two estrogen positive(T47D and MCF-7) and one estrogen negative cell lines before and after treatment with six drugs (Cyclophosphamide, Celecoxib, Doxorubicin, Paclitaxel, Etoposide and Tamoxifen). Then the protein was knocked down using siRNA against PINCH-1 and change in percentage of apoptotic cells was analysed by flow cytometry. RESULTS We observed increased but differential expression of PINCH-1 in the three breast cancer cell lines with a higher expression in estrogen positive cell lines. Knocking down of PINCH-1 led to a significant (p-value<0.05) enhancement in apoptosis in T47D cells in response to 4/6 (cyclophosphamide, celecoxib, paclitaxel, doxorubicin) drugs. Though an increase in apoptosis was observed in MCF-7 cells also, it was not found to be significant.The MDA-MB-231 cells however, did not show significant apoptosis upon PINCH-1 knockdown. CONCLUSION The results suggest that PINCH-1 may be playing an important role in etiopathogenesis of both subtypes breast cancer. However, enhanced apoptosis observed only in estrogen positive and not in estrogen negative cells upon PINCH-1 knockdown point towards participation of some other protein with redundant functions in the later subtype which needs to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alka Bhatia
- Department of Experimental Medicine & Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
| | - Sasikala Muthusamy
- Department of Experimental Medicine & Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kriti Giridhar
- Department of Experimental Medicine & Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sumit Goel
- Department of Experimental Medicine & Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Lark DS, Wasserman DH. Meta-fibrosis links positive energy balance and mitochondrial metabolism to insulin resistance. F1000Res 2017; 6:1758. [PMID: 29043068 PMCID: PMC5621108 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.11653.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and insulin resistance often emerge from positive energy balance and generally are linked to low-grade inflammation. This low-grade inflammation has been called “meta-inflammation” because it is a consequence of the metabolic dysregulation that can accompany overnutrition. One means by which meta-inflammation is linked to insulin resistance is extracellular matrix expansion secondary to meta-inflammation, which we define here as “meta-fibrosis”. The significance of meta-fibrosis is that it reflects a situation in which the extracellular matrix functions as a multi-level integrator of local (for example, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production) and systemic (for example, inflammation) inputs that couple to cellular processes creating insulin resistance. While adipose tissue extracellular matrix remodeling has received considerable attention, it is becoming increasingly apparent that liver and skeletal muscle extracellular matrix remodeling also contributes to insulin resistance. In this review, we address recent advances in our understanding of energy balance, mitochondrial energetics, meta-inflammation, and meta-fibrosis in the development of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Lark
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - David H Wasserman
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
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Liu C, Russin J, Heck C, Kawata K, Adiga R, Yen W, Lambert J, Stear B, Law M, Marquez Y, Crino P, Millett D, Langford D. Dysregulation of PINCH signaling in mesial temporal epilepsy. J Clin Neurosci 2017; 36:43-52. [PMID: 27838154 PMCID: PMC6492941 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2016.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that inflammation is important in epileptogenesis. Particularly Interesting New Cysteine Histidine-rich (PINCH) protein is a highly conserved, LIM-domain protein known to interact with hyperphosphorylated Tau. We assessed PINCH expression in resected epileptogenic human hippocampi and further explored the relationships among PINCH, hpTau and associated kinases. Resected hippocampal tissue from 7 patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) was assessed by Western analyses to measure levels of PINCH and hyperphosphorylated Tau, as well as changes in phosphorylation levels of associated kinases AKT and GSK3β in comparison to normal control tissue. Immunolabeling was also conducted to evaluate PINCH and hpTau patterns of expression, co-localization and cell-type specific expression. Hippocampal PINCH was increased by 2.6 fold in the epilepsy cases over controls and hpTau was increased 10 fold over control. Decreased phospho-AKT and phospho-GSK3β in epilepsy tissue suggested involvement of this pathway in MTLE. PINCH and hpTau co-localized in some neurons in MTLE tissue. While PINCH was expressed by both neurons and astrocytes in MTLE tissue, hpTau was extracellular or associated with neurons. PINCH was absent from the serum of control subjects but readily detectable from the serum of patients with chronic epilepsy. Our study describes the expression of PINCH and points to AKT/GSK3β signaling dysregulation as a possible pathway in hpTau formation in MTLE. In view of the interactions between hpTau and PINCH, understanding the role of PINCH in MTLE may provide increased understanding of mechanisms leading to inflammation and MTLE epileptogenesis and a potential biomarker for drug-resistant epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Liu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jon Russin
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christianne Heck
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Keisuke Kawata
- Department of Neuroscience, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Kinesiology, College of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Kinesiology, University of Indiana, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Radhika Adiga
- Department of Neuroscience, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - William Yen
- Department of Neuroscience, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jonathan Lambert
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Benjamin Stear
- Department of Neuroscience, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Meng Law
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yvette Marquez
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peter Crino
- Department of Neurology, Temple University School of Medicine, and Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Millett
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dianne Langford
- Department of Neuroscience, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Gelmedin V, Morel M, Hahnel S, Cailliau K, Dissous C, Grevelding CG. Evidence for Integrin - Venus Kinase Receptor 1 Alliance in the Ovary of Schistosoma mansoni Females Controlling Cell Survival. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006147. [PMID: 28114363 PMCID: PMC5289644 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In metazoan integrin signaling is an important process of mediating extracellular and intracellular communication processes. This can be achieved by cooperation of integrins with growth factor receptors (GFRs). Schistosoma mansoni is a helminth parasite inducing schistosomiasis, an infectious disease of worldwide significance for humans and animals. First studies on schistosome integrins revealed their role in reproductive processes, being involved in spermatogenesis and oogenesis. With respect to the roles of eggs for maintaining the parasite´s life cycle and for inducing the pathology of schistosomiasis, elucidating reproductive processes is of high importance. Here we studied the interaction of the integrin receptor Smβ-Int1 with the venus kinase receptor SmVKR1 in S. mansoni. To this end we cloned and characterized SmILK, SmPINCH, and SmNck2, three putative bridging molecules for their role in mediating Smβ-Int1/SmVKR1 cooperation. Phylogenetic analyses showed that these molecules form clusters that are specific for parasitic platyhelminths as it was shown for integrins before. Transcripts of all genes colocalized in the ovary. In Xenopus oocytes germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) was only induced if all members were simultaneously expressed. Coimmunoprecipitation results suggest that a Smβ-Int1-SmILK-SmPINCH-SmNck2-SmVKR1 complex can be formed leading to the phosphorylation and activation of SmVKR1. These results indicate that SmVKR1 can be activated in a ligand-independent manner by receptor-complex interaction. RNAi and inhibitor studies to knock-down SmILK as a representative complex member concurrently revealed effects on the extracellular matrix surrounding the ovary and oocyte localization within the ovary, oocyte survival, and egg production. By TUNEL assays, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), Caspase-3 assay, and transcript profiling of the pro-apoptotic BCL-2 family members BAK/BAX we obtained first evidence for roles of this signaling complex in mediating cell death in immature and primary oocytes. These results suggest that the Smβ-Int1/SmVKR1 signaling complex is important for differentiation and survival in oocytes of paired schistosomes. Parasites of the genus Schistosoma cause schistosomiasis, a life-threatening infectious disease for humans and animals worldwide. Among the remarkable biological features of schistosomes is the differentiation of the female gonads which is controlled by pairing with the male and a prerequisite for egg production. Eggs, however, are not only important for the maintenance of the life-cycle; they also cause the pathological consequences of schistosomiasis. Part of the eggs gets trapped in host tissues such as liver and spleen and trigger inflammatory processes, finally leading to liver cirrhosis. Research activities of the last decade have indicated that different families of cellular and receptor-type kinases but also integrins contribute to the control of mitogenic activity and differentiation the female goands. In this context an unusual class of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) has been identified, the venus kinase receptors (SmVKRs). By biochemical and molecular approaches we demonstrate that SmVKR1 activation can be achieved by cooperation with a signaling complex consisting of the beta integrin receptor Smβ-Int1 and the bridging molecules SmILK, SmPINCH, SmNck2. Besides unravelling a novel way of SmVKR1 activation, we provide evidence that this complex controls the differentiation status of oocytes by regulating cell death-associated processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Gelmedin
- Institute for Parasitology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Marion Morel
- CIIL – Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille Inserm U1019 - CNRS UMR 8204, University Lille, Lille, France
| | - Steffen Hahnel
- Institute for Parasitology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Katia Cailliau
- UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, CNRS UMR 8576, University Lille, Lille, France
| | - Colette Dissous
- CIIL – Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille Inserm U1019 - CNRS UMR 8204, University Lille, Lille, France
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Mazaki-Tovi S, Tarca AL, Vaisbuch E, Kusanovic JP, Than NG, Chaiworapongsa T, Dong Z, Hassan SS, Romero R. Characterization of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue transcriptome in pregnant women with and without spontaneous labor at term: implication of alternative splicing in the metabolic adaptations of adipose tissue to parturition. J Perinat Med 2016; 44:813-835. [PMID: 26994472 PMCID: PMC5987212 DOI: 10.1515/jpm-2015-0259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine gene expression and splicing changes associated with parturition and regions (visceral vs. subcutaneous) of the adipose tissue of pregnant women. STUDY DESIGN The transcriptome of visceral and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue from pregnant women at term with (n=15) and without (n=25) spontaneous labor was profiled with the Affymetrix GeneChip Human Exon 1.0 ST array. Overall gene expression changes and the differential exon usage rate were compared between patient groups (unpaired analyses) and adipose tissue regions (paired analyses). Selected genes were tested by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Four hundred and eighty-two genes were differentially expressed between visceral and subcutaneous fat of pregnant women with spontaneous labor at term (q-value <0.1; fold change >1.5). Biological processes enriched in this comparison included tissue and vasculature development as well as inflammatory and metabolic pathways. Differential splicing was found for 42 genes [q-value <0.1; differences in Finding Isoforms using Robust Multichip Analysis scores >2] between adipose tissue regions of women not in labor. Differential exon usage associated with parturition was found for three genes (LIMS1, HSPA5, and GSTK1) in subcutaneous tissues. CONCLUSION We show for the first time evidence of implication of mRNA splicing and processing machinery in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of women in labor compared to those without labor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shali Mazaki-Tovi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Adi L. Tarca
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Edi Vaisbuch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Juan Pedro Kusanovic
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Research and Innovation in Maternal-Fetal Medicine (CIMAF). Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sótero del Río Hospital, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nandor Gabor Than
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- First Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tinnakorn Chaiworapongsa
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Zhong Dong
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Sonia S Hassan
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Roberto Romero
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
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20
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Mimae T, Ito A. New challenges in pseudopodial proteomics by a laser-assisted cell etching technique. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2014; 1854:538-46. [PMID: 25461796 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Pseudopodia are ventral membrane protrusions that extend toward higher concentrations of chemoattractants and play key roles in cell migration and cancer cell invasion. Cancers, including carcinoma and sarcoma, become life threatening when they invade surrounding structures and other organs. Understanding the molecular basis of invasiveness is important for the elimination of cancers. Thus, determining the pseudopodial composition will offer insights into the mechanisms underlying tumor cell invasiveness and provide potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Pseudopodial composition has been extensively investigated by using proteomic approaches. A variety of modalities, including gel-based and mass spectrometry-based methods, have been employed for pseudopodial proteomics. Our research group recently established a novel method using excimer laser pulses to selectively harvest pseudopodia, and we successfully identified a number of new pseudopodial constituents. Here, we summarized the conventional proteomic procedures and describe our new excimer laser-assisted method, with a special emphasis on the differences in the methods used to isolate pseudopodia. In addition, we discussed the theoretical background for the use of excimer laser-mediated cell ablation in proteomic applications. Using the excimer laser-assisted method, we showed that alpha-parvin, an actin-binding adaptor protein, is localized to pseudopodia, and is involved in breast cancer invasiveness. Our results clearly indicate that excimer laser-assisted cell etching is a useful technique for pseudopodial proteomics. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Medical Proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Mimae
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
| | - Akihiko Ito
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kinki University, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
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21
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Peng H, Talebzadeh-Farrooji M, Osborne MJ, Prokop JW, McDonald PC, Karar J, Hou Z, He M, Kebebew E, Orntoft T, Herlyn M, Caton AJ, Fredericks W, Malkowicz B, Paterno CS, Carolin AS, Speicher DW, Skordalakes E, Huang Q, Dedhar S, Borden KLB, Rauscher FJ. LIMD2 is a small LIM-only protein overexpressed in metastatic lesions that regulates cell motility and tumor progression by directly binding to and activating the integrin-linked kinase. Cancer Res 2014; 74:1390-1403. [PMID: 24590809 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-13-1275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Proteins that communicate signals from the cytoskeleton to the nucleus are prime targets for effectors of metastasis as they often transduce signals regulating adhesion, motility, and invasiveness. LIM domain proteins shuttle between the cytoplasm and the nucleus, and bind to partners in both compartments, often coupling changes in gene expression to extracellular cues. In this work, we characterize LIMD2, a mechanistically undefined LIM-only protein originally found to be overexpressed in metastatic lesions but absent in the matched primary tumor. LIMD2 levels in fresh and archival tumors positively correlate with cell motility, metastatic potential, and grade, including bladder, melanoma, breast, and thyroid tumors. LIMD2 directly contributes to these cellular phenotypes as shown by overexpression, knockdown, and reconstitution experiments in cell culture models. The solution structure of LIMD2 that was determined using nuclear magnetic resonance revealed a classic LIM-domain structure that was highly related to LIM1 of PINCH1, a core component of the integrin-linked kinase-parvin-pinch complex. Structural and biochemical analyses revealed that LIMD2 bound directly to the kinase domain of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) near the active site and strongly activated ILK kinase activity. Cells that were null for ILK failed to respond to the induction of invasion by LIMD2. This strongly suggests that LIMD2 potentiates its biologic effects through direct interactions with ILK, a signal transduction pathway firmly linked to cell motility and invasion. In summary, LIMD2 is a new component of the signal transduction cascade that links integrin-mediated signaling to cell motility/metastatic behavior and may be a promising target for controlling tumor spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhuang Peng
- The Wistar Institute, University of Pennsylvania and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mehdi Talebzadeh-Farrooji
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer
| | - Michael J Osborne
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer
| | | | - Paul C McDonald
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jayashree Karar
- The Wistar Institute, University of Pennsylvania and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Zhaoyuan Hou
- The Wistar Institute, University of Pennsylvania and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mei He
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Electron Kebebew
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Meenhard Herlyn
- The Wistar Institute, University of Pennsylvania and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrew J Caton
- The Wistar Institute, University of Pennsylvania and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - William Fredericks
- Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Bruce Malkowicz
- Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Christopher S Paterno
- The Wistar Institute, University of Pennsylvania and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Alexandra S Carolin
- The Wistar Institute, University of Pennsylvania and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David W Speicher
- The Wistar Institute, University of Pennsylvania and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Emmanuel Skordalakes
- The Wistar Institute, University of Pennsylvania and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Qihong Huang
- The Wistar Institute, University of Pennsylvania and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Shoukat Dedhar
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Katherine L B Borden
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer
| | - Frank J Rauscher
- The Wistar Institute, University of Pennsylvania and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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α-Parvin, a pseudopodial constituent, promotes cell motility and is associated with lymph node metastasis of lobular breast carcinoma. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2014; 144:59-69. [PMID: 24496929 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-014-2859-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is more frequently lymph node positive than is invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), and ILC cell infiltration shows distinctive histological characteristics, suggesting the action of ILC-specific invasion molecules. To identify such a molecule, we used a proteomic approach in the pseudopodia of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. A pseudopodial constituent was identified using excimer laser ablation, two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis, mass spectroscopy, and immunocytofluorescence. MDA-MB-231 cells were modified to express various levels of this constituent by transient transfection and were examined for pseudopodia formation and migratory abilities using wound healing and two-chamber assays. Immunohistochemical positivity of human breast cancer cells (56 ILCs and 21 IDCs) was compared with clinicopathological variables. An actin-binding adaptor protein, α-parvin, was found to localize to pseudopodia and to form focal adhesions in cells not induced to extend pseudopodia. Pseudopodial length and density and migratory abilities correlated with α-parvin expression. Twenty-one (37.5 %) ILCs stained positive for α-parvin, whereas the results were negative for all 21 IDCs (P < 0.001). α-Parvin positivity in ILC was significantly associated with lymphatic invasion (P = 0.038) and lymph node metastasis (P = 0.003) in univariate analyses and to lymph node metastasis (P = 0.020) in multivariate analyses. α-Parvin, a pseudopodial constituent, was found to promote migration of breast cancer cells and to be expressed exclusively by ILC, suggesting that α-parvin is an ILC-specific invasion molecule that may have clinical utility as a biomarker for aggressive subsets of ILC.
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Donthamsetty S, Bhave VS, Mars WM, Bowen WC, Orr A, Haynes MM, Wu C, Michalopoulos GK. Role of PINCH and its partner tumor suppressor Rsu-1 in regulating liver size and tumorigenesis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74625. [PMID: 24058607 PMCID: PMC3776730 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Particularly interesting new cysteine-histidine-rich protein (PINCH) protein is part of the ternary complex known as the IPP (integrin linked kinase (ILK)-PINCH-Parvin-α) complex. PINCH itself binds to ILK and to another protein known as Rsu-1 (Ras suppressor 1). We generated PINCH 1 and PINCH 2 Double knockout mice (referred as PINCH DKO mice). PINCH2 elimination was systemic whereas PINCH1 elimination was targeted to hepatocytes. The genetically modified mice were born normal. The mice were sacrificed at different ages after birth. Soon after birth, they developed abnormal hepatic histology characterized by disorderly hepatic plates, increased proliferation of hepatocytes and biliary cells and increased deposition of extracellular matrix. After a sustained and prolonged proliferation of all epithelial components, proliferation subsided and final liver weight by the end of 30 weeks in livers with PINCH DKO deficient hepatocytes was 40% larger than the control mice. The livers of the PINCH DKO mice were also very stiff due to increased ECM deposition throughout the liver, with no observed nodularity. Mice developed liver cancer by one year. These mice regenerated normally when subjected to 70% partial hepatectomy and did not show any termination defect. Ras suppressor 1 (Rsu-1) protein, the binding partner of PINCH is frequently deleted in human liver cancers. Rsu-1 expression is dramatically decreased in PINCH DKO mouse livers. Increased expression of Rsu-1 suppressed cell proliferation and migration in HCC cell lines. These changes were brought about not by affecting activation of Ras (as its name suggests) but by suppression of Ras downstream signaling via RhoGTPase proteins. In conclusion, our studies suggest that removal of PINCH results in enlargement of liver and tumorigenesis. Decreased levels of Rsu-1, a partner for PINCH and a protein often deleted in human liver cancer, may play an important role in the development of the observed phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashikiran Donthamsetty
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Vishakha S. Bhave
- Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suwannee, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Wendy M. Mars
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - William C. Bowen
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Anne Orr
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Meagan M. Haynes
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Chuanyue Wu
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - George K. Michalopoulos
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
The myogenic response has a critical role in regulation of blood flow to the brain. Increased intraluminal pressure elicits vasoconstriction, whereas decreased intraluminal pressure induces vasodilatation, thereby maintaining flow constant over the normal physiologic blood pressure range. Improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the myogenic response is crucial to identify deficiencies with pathologic consequences, such as cerebral vasospasm, hypertension, and stroke, and to identify potential therapeutic targets. Three mechanisms have been suggested to be involved in the myogenic response: (1) membrane depolarization, which induces Ca(2+) entry, activation of myosin light chain kinase, phosphorylation of the myosin regulatory light chains (LC(20)), increased actomyosin MgATPase activity, cross-bridge cycling, and vasoconstriction; (2) activation of the RhoA/Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) pathway, leading to inhibition of myosin light chain phosphatase by phosphorylation of MYPT1, the myosin targeting regulatory subunit of the phosphatase, and increased LC(20) phosphorylation; and (3) activation of the ROCK and protein kinase C pathways, leading to actin polymerization and the formation of enhanced connections between the actin cytoskeleton, plasma membrane, and extracellular matrix to augment force transmission. This review describes these three mechanisms, emphasizing recent developments regarding the importance of dynamic actin polymerization in the myogenic response of the cerebral vasculature.
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Pediatr 2012; 24:277-84. [PMID: 22414891 DOI: 10.1097/mop.0b013e328351e459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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The diversification of the LIM superclass at the base of the metazoa increased subcellular complexity and promoted multicellular specialization. PLoS One 2012; 7:e33261. [PMID: 22438907 PMCID: PMC3305314 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Accepted: 02/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Throughout evolution, the LIM domain has been deployed in many different domain configurations, which has led to the formation of a large and distinct group of proteins. LIM proteins are involved in relaying stimuli received at the cell surface to the nucleus in order to regulate cell structure, motility, and division. Despite their fundamental roles in cellular processes and human disease, little is known about the evolution of the LIM superclass. Results We have identified and characterized all known LIM domain-containing proteins in six metazoans and three non-metazoans. In addition, we performed a phylogenetic analysis on all LIM domains and, in the process, have identified a number of novel non-LIM domains and motifs in each of these proteins. Based on these results, we have formalized a classification system for LIM proteins, provided reasonable timing for class and family origin events; and identified lineage-specific loss events. Our analysis is the first detailed description of the full set of LIM proteins from the non-bilaterian species examined in this study. Conclusion Six of the 14 LIM classes originated in the stem lineage of the Metazoa. The expansion of the LIM superclass at the base of the Metazoa undoubtedly contributed to the increase in subcellular complexity required for the transition from a unicellular to multicellular lifestyle and, as such, was a critically important event in the history of animal multicellularity.
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Li A, Ponten F, dos Remedios CG. The interactome of LIM domain proteins: The contributions of LIM domain proteins to heart failure and heart development. Proteomics 2012; 12:203-25. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201100492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Revised: 11/07/2011] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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