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Shajari N, Baradaran B, Tohidkia MR, Nasiri H, Sepehri M, Setayesh S, Aghebati-Maleki L. Advancements in Melanoma Therapies: From Surgery to Immunotherapy. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2024; 25:1073-1088. [PMID: 39066854 DOI: 10.1007/s11864-024-01239-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Melanoma is defined as the most aggressive and deadly form of skin cancer. The treatment of melanoma depends on the disease stage, tumor location, and extent of its spread from its point of origin. Melanoma treatment has made significant advances, notably in the context of targeted and immunotherapies. Surgical resection is the main therapeutic option for earlystage melanoma, and it provides favourable outcomes. With disease metastasis, systemic treatments such as immunotherapy and targeted therapy become increasingly important. The identification of mutations that lead to melanoma has influenced treatment strategies. Targeted therapies focusing on these mutations offer improved response rates and fewer toxicities than conventional chemotherapy. Furthermore, developing immunotherapies, including checkpoint inhibitors and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapies, has demonstrated encouraging outcomes in effectively combating cancer cells. These therapeutic agents demonstrate superior effectiveness and a more tolerable side-effect profile, improving the quality of life for patients receiving treatment. The future of melanoma treatment may involve a multimodal approach consisting of a combination of surgery, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy adapted to each patient's profile. This approach may improve survival rates and health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Shajari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Tohidkia
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Nasiri
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Sepehri
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sepideh Setayesh
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Zhou Y, Zhang X, Gao Y, Peng Y, Liu P, Chen Y, Guo C, Deng G, Ouyang Y, Zhang Y, Han Y, Cai C, Shen H, Gao L, Zeng S. Neuromedin U receptor 1 deletion leads to impaired immunotherapy response and high malignancy in colorectal cancer. iScience 2024; 27:110318. [PMID: 39055918 PMCID: PMC11269305 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) exhibits significant heterogeneity, impacting immunotherapy efficacy, particularly in immune desert subtypes. Neuromedin U receptor 1 (NMUR1) has been reported to perform a vital function in immunity and inflammation. Through comprehensive multi-omics analyses, we have systematically characterized NMUR1 across various tumors, assessing expression patterns, genetic alterations, prognostic significance, immune infiltration, and pathway associations at both the bulk sequencing and single-cell scales. Our findings demonstrate a positive correlation between NMUR1 and CD8+ T cell infiltration, with elevated NMUR1 levels in CD8+ T cells linked to improved immunotherapy outcomes in patients with CRC. Further, we have validated the NMUR1 expression signature in CRC cell lines and patient-derived tissues, revealing its interaction with key immune checkpoints, including lymphocyte activation gene 3 and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4. Additionally, NMUR1 suppression enhances CRC cell proliferation and invasiveness. Our integrated analyses and experiments open new avenues for personalized immunotherapy strategies in CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulai Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yinghui Peng
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yihong Chen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Cao Guo
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Gongping Deng
- Department of Emergency, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570311, China
| | - Yanhong Ouyang
- Department of Emergency, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570311, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang People’s Hospital, Yueyang Hospital Affiliated to Hunan Normal University, Yueyang, Hunan 414000, China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Changjing Cai
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Hong Shen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Le Gao
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Shan Zeng
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
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3
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Zhang J, Du B, Wang Y, Cui Y, Wang S, Zhao Y, Li Y, Li X. The role of CD8 PET imaging in guiding cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1428541. [PMID: 39072335 PMCID: PMC11272484 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1428541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, immunotherapy is being widely used for treating cancers. However, the significant heterogeneity in patient responses is a major challenge for its successful application. CD8-positive T cells (CD8+ T cells) play a critical role in immunotherapy. Both their infiltration and functional status in tumors contribute to treatment outcomes. Therefore, accurate monitoring of CD8+ T cells, a potential biomarker, may improve therapeutic strategy. Positron emission tomography (PET) is an optimal option which can provide molecular imaging with enhanced specificity. This review summarizes the mechanism of action of CD8+ T cells in immunotherapy, and highlights the recent advancements in PET-based tracers that can visualize CD8+ T cells and discusses their clinical applications to elucidate their potential role in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yaming Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xuena Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Cortés-Vieyra R, Gutiérrez-Castellanos S, Gómez-García A, Bravo-Patiño A, Calderón-Rico F, Martínez-Sepúlveda JD, Ortega-Flores R, Perez-Duran F, Franco-Correa LE, Zamora-Avilés AG, Nuñez-Anita RE. An observational study investigating soluble immune checkpoints as indicators of severe COVID-19. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0377623. [PMID: 38809008 PMCID: PMC11218537 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03776-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory behavior of soluble immune checkpoints (sICPs) and other biomarkers in the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study included 59 adult participants, 43 of whom tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Patients were divided into three cohorts: those with moderate disease (n = 16), recovered patients with severe disease (n = 13), and deceased patients with severe disease (n = 16). In addition, 16 participants were pre-pandemic subjects negative for SARS-CoV-2. The relative activity of neutralizing antibodies (rNAbs) against SARS-CoV-2 and the values of 14 sICPs in peripheral blood were compared between the four groups. Because the increase of markers values of inflammation [NLR > 12; CRP > 150 mg/L] and venous thromboembolism [D-dimer > 0.5 mg/L] has been associated with mortality from COVID-19, the total and differential leukocyte counts, the NLR, and CRP and D-dimer values were obtained in patients with severe disease. No differences in rNAbs were observed between the cohorts. Only the levels of five sICPs, sCD27, sHVEM sTIM-3, sPD-1, and sPDL-1, were significantly higher in patients with severe rather than moderate disease. The sPDL-2 level and NLR were higher in deceased patients than in recovered patients. However, there was no difference in CRP and D-dimer values between the two groups. Of the five soluble biomarkers compared among patients with severe disease, only sPDL-2 was higher in deceased patients than in recovered patients. This suggests that immuno-inhibitory sICPs might be used as indicators for severe COVID-19, with sPDL-2 used to assess individual risk for fatality.IMPORTANCECOVID-19, the disease caused by a SARS-CoV-2 infection, generates a broad spectrum of clinical symptoms, progressing to multiorgan failure in the most severe cases. As activation of the immune system is pivotal to eradicating the virus, future research should focus on identifying reliable biomarkers to efficiently predict the outcome in severe COVID-19 cases. Soluble immune checkpoints represent the function of the immune system and are easily determined in peripheral blood. This research could lead to implementing more effective severity biomarkers for COVID-19, which could increase patients' survival rate and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricarda Cortés-Vieyra
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia (FMVZ), Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de San Nicolás de Hidalgo (UMSNH), Morelia-Zinapécuaro, Mexico
| | - Sergio Gutiérrez-Castellanos
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, División de Investigación Clínica, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Morelia, Mexico
| | - Anel Gómez-García
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, División de Investigación Clínica, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Morelia, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Bravo-Patiño
- Centro Multidisciplinario de Estudios en Biotecnología de la FMVZ, UMSNH, Morelia-Zinapécuaro, Mexico
| | - Fernando Calderón-Rico
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia (FMVZ), Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de San Nicolás de Hidalgo (UMSNH), Morelia-Zinapécuaro, Mexico
| | | | - Roberto Ortega-Flores
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia (FMVZ), Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de San Nicolás de Hidalgo (UMSNH), Morelia-Zinapécuaro, Mexico
| | - Francisco Perez-Duran
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia (FMVZ), Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de San Nicolás de Hidalgo (UMSNH), Morelia-Zinapécuaro, Mexico
| | - Luis Enrique Franco-Correa
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia (FMVZ), Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de San Nicolás de Hidalgo (UMSNH), Morelia-Zinapécuaro, Mexico
| | - Alicia Gabriela Zamora-Avilés
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia (FMVZ), Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de San Nicolás de Hidalgo (UMSNH), Morelia-Zinapécuaro, Mexico
| | - Rosa Elvira Nuñez-Anita
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia (FMVZ), Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de San Nicolás de Hidalgo (UMSNH), Morelia-Zinapécuaro, Mexico
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Zhao X, Leng D, Wang H, Jin H, Wu Y, Qin Z, Wu D, Wei X. An Acid-Responsive Iron-Based Nanocomposite for OSCC Treatment. J Dent Res 2024; 103:612-621. [PMID: 38684484 DOI: 10.1177/00220345241238154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of oral cancer, characterized by invasiveness, local lymph node metastasis, and poor prognosis. Traditional treatment and medications have limitations, making the specific inhibition of OSCC growth, invasion, and metastasis a challenge. The tumor microenvironment exhibits mildly acidity and high concentrations of H2O2, and its exploitation for cancer treatment has been widely researched across various cancers, but research in the oral cancer field is relatively limited. In this study, by loading ultra-small Prussian blue nanoparticles (USPBNPs) into mesoporous calcium-silicate nanoparticles (MCSNs), we developed an acid-responsive iron-based nanocomposite, USPBNPs@MCSNs (UPM), for the OSCC treatment. UPM demonstrated excellent dual enzyme activities, generating toxic ·OH in a mildly acidic environment, effectively killing OSCC cells and producing O2 in a neutral environment to alleviate tissue hypoxia. The results showed that UPM could effectively inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OSCC cells, as well as the growth of mice solid tumors, without obvious systemic toxicity. The mechanisms may involve UPM inducing ferroptosis of OSCC cells by downregulating the xCT/GPX4/glutathione (GSH) axis, characterized by intracellular iron accumulation, reactive oxygen species accumulation, GSH depletion, lipid peroxidation, and abnormal changes in mitochondrial morphology. Therefore, this study provides empirical support for ferroptosis as an emerging therapeutic target for OSCC and offers a valuable insight for future OSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Zhao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine & Department of Endodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - D Leng
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine & Department of Endodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - H Wang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine & Department of Endodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - H Jin
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine & Department of Endodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y Wu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine & Department of Endodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Z Qin
- Nanjing Medical University, The First Clinical Medical College, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - D Wu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine & Department of Endodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - X Wei
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine & Department of Endodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Silva-Nolasco AM, de la Cruz-Morcillo MA, García-Martínez MM, Zalacain A, Gálvez BG, Carmona M. Immunomodulatory activity of argentatins A and B isolated from guayule. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304713. [PMID: 38820477 PMCID: PMC11142701 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Argentatins are secondary metabolites synthesized by guayule (Parthenium argentatum A. Gray) with numerous potential medical applications. In addition to inhibiting insect growth, they are endowed with several pharmacological properties including antimicrobial and antitumorigenic activity. However, their potential as immunomodulators remains unexplored. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether argentatins can modulate the function of the immune system. Human mesenchymal stem cells were treated with argentatins and the production of several anti- and proinflammatory cytokines was evaluated. The effect of argentatins on the polarization of CD4+ T-lymphocytes and macrophages was also assessed. Results demonstrated that argentatins can modulate the production of proinflammatory cytokines and the polarization of cellular phenotypes, including Th2 lymphocytes and M1 macrophages. These findings suggest that argentatins are promising therapeutic agents in autoimmune or allergic diseases, and open new perspectives for the investigation of argentatins in immune response and in the development of more targeted and effective immunomodulatory therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniela M. Silva-Nolasco
- Institute for Regional Development (IDR), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | | | - M. Mercedes García-Martínez
- Instituto Técnico Agronómico Provincial (ITAP) S.A. Polígono Industrial Campollano, Albacete, Spain
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y de Montes y Biotecnología, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Amaya Zalacain
- Instituto Técnico Agronómico Provincial (ITAP) S.A. Polígono Industrial Campollano, Albacete, Spain
| | - Beatriz G. Gálvez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Carmona
- Institute for Regional Development (IDR), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
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Toadere TM, Ţichindeleanu A, Bondor DA, Topor I, Trella ŞE, Nenu I. Bridging the divide: unveiling mutual immunological pathways of cancer and pregnancy. Inflamm Res 2024; 73:793-807. [PMID: 38492049 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-024-01866-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The juxtaposition of two seemingly disparate physiological phenomena within the human body-namely, cancer and pregnancy-may offer profound insights into the intricate interplay between malignancies and the immune system. Recent investigations have unveiled striking similarities between the pivotal processes underpinning fetal implantation and successful gestation and those governing tumor initiation and progression. Notably, a confluence of features has emerged, underscoring parallels between the microenvironment of tumors and the maternal-fetal interface. These shared attributes encompass establishing vascular networks, cellular mobilization, recruitment of auxiliary tissue components to facilitate continued growth, and, most significantly, the orchestration of immune-suppressive mechanisms.Our particular focus herein centers on the phenomenon of immune suppression and its protective utility in both of these contexts. In the context of pregnancy, immune suppression assumes a paramount role in shielding the semi-allogeneic fetus from the potentially hostile immune responses of the maternal host. In stark contrast, in the milieu of cancer, this very same immunological suppression fosters the transformation of the tumor microenvironment into a sanctuary personalized for the neoplastic cells.Thus, the striking parallels between the immunosuppressive strategies deployed during pregnancy and those co-opted by malignancies offer a tantalizing reservoir of insights. These insights promise to inform novel avenues in the realm of cancer immunotherapy. By harnessing our understanding of the immunological events that detrimentally impact fetal development, a knowledge grounded in the context of conditions such as preeclampsia or miscarriage, we may uncover innovative immunotherapeutic strategies to combat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Maria Toadere
- Department of Physiology, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Andra Ţichindeleanu
- Department of Physiology, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Daniela Andreea Bondor
- Department of Physiology, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioan Topor
- Department of Physiology, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Şerban Ellias Trella
- Department of Physiology, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Iuliana Nenu
- Department of Physiology, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Wescott EC, Sun X, Gonzalez-Ericsson P, Hanna A, Taylor BC, Sanchez V, Bronzini J, Opalenik SR, Sanders ME, Wulfkuhle J, Gallagher RI, Gomez H, Isaacs C, Bharti V, Wilson JT, Ballinger TJ, Santa-Maria CA, Shah PD, Dees EC, Lehmann BD, Abramson VG, Hirst GL, Brown Swigart L, van ˈt Veer LJ, Esserman LJ, Petricoin EF, Pietenpol JA, Balko JM. Epithelial Expressed B7-H4 Drives Differential Immunotherapy Response in Murine and Human Breast Cancer. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:1120-1134. [PMID: 38687247 PMCID: PMC11041871 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Combinations of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI, including anti-PD-1/PD-L1) and chemotherapy have been FDA approved for metastatic and early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), but most patients do not benefit. B7-H4 is a B7 family ligand with proposed immunosuppressive functions being explored as a cancer immunotherapy target and may be associated with anti-PD-L1 resistance. However, little is known about its regulation and effect on immune cell function in breast cancers. We assessed murine and human breast cancer cells to identify regulation mechanisms of B7-H4 in vitro. We used an immunocompetent anti-PD-L1-sensitive orthotopic mammary cancer model and induced ectopic expression of B7-H4. We assessed therapy response and transcriptional changes at baseline and under treatment with anti-PD-L1. We observed B7-H4 was highly associated with epithelial cell status and transcription factors and found to be regulated by PI3K activity. EMT6 tumors with cell-surface B7-H4 expression were more resistant to immunotherapy. In addition, tumor-infiltrating immune cells had reduced immune activation signaling based on transcriptomic analysis. Paradoxically, in human breast cancer, B7-H4 expression was associated with survival benefit for patients with metastatic TNBC treated with carboplatin plus anti-PD-L1 and was associated with no change in response or survival for patients with early breast cancer receiving chemotherapy plus anti-PD-1. While B7-H4 induces tumor resistance to anti-PD-L1 in murine models, there are alternative mechanisms of signaling and function in human cancers. In addition, the strong correlation of B7-H4 to epithelial cell markers suggests a potential regulatory mechanism of B7-H4 independent of PD-L1. SIGNIFICANCE This translational study confirms the association of B7-H4 expression with a cold immune microenvironment in breast cancer and offers preclinical studies demonstrating a potential role for B7-H4 in suppressing response to checkpoint therapy. However, analysis of two clinical trials with checkpoint inhibitors in the early and metastatic settings argue against B7-H4 as being a mechanism of clinical resistance to checkpoints, with clear implications for its candidacy as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C. Wescott
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Xiaopeng Sun
- Breast Cancer Research Program, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Paula Gonzalez-Ericsson
- Breast Cancer Research Program, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Ann Hanna
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Brandie C. Taylor
- Breast Cancer Research Program, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Violeta Sanchez
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Juliana Bronzini
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Susan R. Opalenik
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Melinda E. Sanders
- Breast Cancer Research Program, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Julia Wulfkuhle
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia
| | - Rosa I. Gallagher
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia
| | - Henry Gomez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Perú
| | - Claudine Isaacs
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Vijaya Bharti
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - John T. Wilson
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Tarah J. Ballinger
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | - Payal D. Shah
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Elizabeth C. Dees
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Brian D. Lehmann
- Breast Cancer Research Program, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Vandana G. Abramson
- Breast Cancer Research Program, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Gillian L. Hirst
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Lamorna Brown Swigart
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Laura J. van ˈt Veer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Laura J. Esserman
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Emanuel F. Petricoin
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia
| | - Jennifer A. Pietenpol
- Breast Cancer Research Program, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Justin M. Balko
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Breast Cancer Research Program, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Cancer Biology Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
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9
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Ahmadi H, Soltani-Zangbar MS, Yousefi M, Baradaran B, Bromand S, Aghebati-Maleki L, Szekeres-Bartho J. The evaluation of PD-1 and Tim-3 expression besides their related miRNAs in PBMCs of women with recurrent pregnancy loss. Immunol Lett 2024; 266:106837. [PMID: 38266686 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2024.106837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a multifactorial disorder, associated with immunologic abnormalities. During pregnancy, the maternal immune system uses different tolerance mechanisms to deal with a semi-allogenic fetus. The expression of immune checkpoints and their related miRNAs in immune cells can ensure pregnancy at the feto-maternal interface by modulating immune responses. This study aims to evaluate the expression of the immune checkpoint molecules PD-1 and Tim-3 on circulating T cells by flow cytometry, that of mir-138 and mir-155 in PBMCs by Real-time PCR, and the concentrations of TGF-β and IP-10 in the sera of women suffering from RPL as well as of gestational age-matched healthy pregnant women by ELISA. The percentage of PD-1 or Tim-3 expressing CD8+ T cells was significantly lower in RPL patients compared to the controls, while there was no significant difference in Tim-3 expression of CD4+ T cells between the two groups. The mRNA of both the PD-1 and Tim-3 genes were downregulated in PBMCs of RPL patients compared to controls, however, the difference was not statistically significant for Tim-3. The concentration of TGF-β was significantly lower and that of IP-10 was significantly higher in the sera of RPL patients than in those of the controls. The relative expression of mir-138 and miR-155 were significantly lower, in PBMCs of RPL patients than in those of healthy pregnant women. These data confirm that by affecting cytokine production, immune checkpoints, and microRNAs play a role in establishing the appropriate local immune environment for successful pregnancy. The wider analysis of immune checkpoints may also yield new biomarkers for the diagnosis and prevention of RPL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Ahmadi
- Department of Medical Biology and Central Electron Microscope Laboratory, Medical School, Pécs University, Pécs, Hungary
| | | | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saro Bromand
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Julia Szekeres-Bartho
- Department of Medical Biology and Central Electron Microscope Laboratory, Medical School, Pécs University, Pécs, Hungary; János Szentágothai Research Centre, Pecs University, Pecs, Hungary; Endocrine Studies, Centre of Excellence, Pecs University, Pecs, Hungary; MTA - PTE Human Reproduction Research Group, Pecs, Hungary; National Laboratory of Human Reproduction, Pécs, Hungary.
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10
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Mistry T, Nath A, Pal R, Ghosh S, Mahata S, Kumar Sahoo P, Sarkar S, Choudhury T, Nath P, Alam N, Nasare VD. Emerging Futuristic Targeted Therapeutics: A Comprising Study Towards a New Era for the Management of TNBC. Am J Clin Oncol 2024; 47:132-148. [PMID: 38145412 DOI: 10.1097/coc.0000000000001071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer is characterized by high lethality attributed to factors such as chemoresistance, transcriptomic, and genomic heterogeneity, leading to a poor prognosis and limiting available targeted treatment options. While the identification of molecular targets remains pivotal for therapy involving chemo drugs, the current challenge lies in the poor response rates, low survival rates, and frequent relapses. Despite various clinical investigations exploring molecular targeted therapies in conjunction with conventional chemo treatment, the outcomes have been less than optimal. The critical need for more effective therapies underscores the urgency to discover potent novel treatments, including molecular and immune targets, as well as emerging strategies. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of conventional treatment approaches and explores emerging molecular and immune-targeted therapeutics, elucidating their mechanisms to address the existing obstacles for a more effective management of triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanuma Mistry
- Departments of Pathology and Cancer Screening
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal
| | - Arijit Nath
- Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, School of Biotechnology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Ranita Pal
- Departments of Pathology and Cancer Screening
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Neyaz Alam
- Surgical Oncology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute
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11
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Jiang Y, Liu J, Chen L, Qian Z, Zhang Y. A promising target for breast cancer: B7-H3. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:182. [PMID: 38326735 PMCID: PMC10848367 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-11933-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the second-leading factor of mortality for women globally and is brought on by a variety of genetic and environmental causes. The conventional treatments for this disease have limitations, making it difficult to improve the lifespan of breast cancer patients. As a result, extensive research has been conducted over the past decade to find innovative solutions to these challenges. Targeting of the antitumor immune response through the immunomodulatory checkpoint protein B7 family has revolutionized cancer treatment and led to intermittent patient responses. B7-H3 has recently received attention because of its significant demodulation and its immunomodulatory effects in many cancers. Uncontrolled B7-H3 expression and a bad outlook are strongly associated, according to a substantial body of cancer research. Numerous studies have shown that BC has significant B7-H3 expression, and B7-H3 induces an immune evasion phenotype, consequently enhancing the survival, proliferation, metastasis, and drug resistance of BC cells. Thus, an innovative target for immunotherapy against BC may be the B7-H3 checkpoint.In this review, we discuss the structure and regulation of B7-H3 and its double costimulatory/coinhibitory function within the framework of cancer and normal physiology. Then we expound the malignant behavior of B7-H3 in BC and its role in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and finally focus on targeted drugs against B7-H3 that have opened new therapeutic opportunities in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214002, China
| | - Jiayu Liu
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214002, China
| | - Lingyan Chen
- Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214000, China
| | - Zhiwen Qian
- Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214000, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214002, China.
- Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214000, China.
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12
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Shan H, Zhang X, Zhang X, Wei Y, Meng L, Li J, Zhang Z, Ma L, Xiao Y. CircSCUBE3 Reduces the Anti-gastric Cancer Activity of Anti-PD-L1. Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:123-137. [PMID: 37052807 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00696-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
The progression of gastric cancer (GC) is closely related to tumor immune escape. The research, therefore, studied the impact of possible circRNAs on the immune escape of GC tumors and the underlying mechanisms. Here, to explore circRNAs that may affect GC, the differential circRNAs in six normal gastric mucosal tissues and six GC samples (GSM2005868-GSM2005879) were analyzed through the bioinformatics website circmine, and hsa_circ_0076092 (circSCUBE3) was identified as the research object. In vitro assays revealed the functions of circSCUBE3 and its downstream miRNA/mRNA axis in GC cells. The effect of circSCUBE3 against PD-1 anti-tumor activity was evaluated in vivo. The relationship between circSCUBE3 and miR-744-5p, miR-744-5p, and SLC7A5 was identified by RNA immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase reporter experiments. The effect of SLC7A5 on GC immune escape by regulating PD-L1 expression was assessed by co-culture system and flow cytometry. CircSCUBE3 was up-regulated in human GC tissues and GC cell lines. circSCUBE3 was associated with poor prognosis in GC patients. Functional experiments reported that circSCUBE3 knockdown could suppress GC immune escape. Mechanistically, circSCUBE3 bound to miR-744-5p, which further targeted SLC7A5, and SLC7A5 can affect GC immune escape by regulating PD-L1. Furthermore, in vivo assay manifested that circSCUBE3 attenuated the anti-tumor effect of PD-L1. Our study revealed the importance of the circSCUBE3/miR-744-5p/SLC7A5 axis in GC immune escape and anti-PD-1 resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- HuSheng Shan
- Department of Radiology, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
- Huai'an Medical District of the Eastern Theater General Hospital, Huai'an, 223001, China
| | - XiaoBo Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - YingTian Wei
- Department of Radiology, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - LiangLiang Meng
- Department of Radiology, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - ZhongLiang Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - YueYong Xiao
- Department of Radiology, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.
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13
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Qin Y, Meng X, Li L, Liu C, Gao F, Yuan X, Huang Y, Zhu Y. Develop a PD-1-blockade peptide to reinvigorate T-cell activity and inhibit tumor progress. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 960:176144. [PMID: 37866745 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors, particularly monoclonal antibodies blocking the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) pathway, have been successfully utilized in the clinic. However, certain drawbacks associated with antibodies, such as high immunogenicity and poor tissue penetration, need to be addressed for their broader clinical application. Peptides, as low molecular weight alternatives, have garnered increasing interest in this field. In this study, we employed bacterial surface display technology to identify a PD-1-binding peptide, PBP. The PBP peptide exhibited moderate affinity for human PD-1 (hPD-1) and displayed cross-reactivity with mouse PD-1 (mPD-1). Molecular docking analysis revealed that the interaction residues of the PBP peptide with PD-1 played crucial roles in the formation of the PD-1/PD-L1 complex. A competing binding assay demonstrated that the peptide could interfere the interaction of PD-1 and PD-L1. Moreover, in vitro experiments showed that the PBP peptide could reinvigorate T cells inhibited by PD-L1. In an in vivo mouse model of CT26, the PBP peptide effectively suppressed tumor growth by enhancing T cell function. In conclusion, our results suggest that the PBP peptide exerts an anti-tumor effect by impeding the interplay between PD-1 and PD-L1, highlighting its potential as an alternative for tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzhou Qin
- School of Nano Technology and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xiangzhou Meng
- School of Nano Technology and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Lin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Cuijuan Liu
- School of Nano Technology and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Fan Gao
- School of Nano Technology and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- School of Nano Technology and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ying Huang
- School of Nano Technology and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yimin Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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14
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Capuozzo M, Celotto V, Santorsola M, Fabozzi A, Landi L, Ferrara F, Borzacchiello A, Granata V, Sabbatino F, Savarese G, Cascella M, Perri F, Ottaiano A. Emerging treatment approaches for triple-negative breast cancer. Med Oncol 2023; 41:5. [PMID: 38038783 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02257-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Approximately, 15% of global breast cancer cases are diagnosed as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), identified as the most aggressive subtype due to the simultaneous absence of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER2. This characteristic renders TNBC highly aggressive and challenging to treat, as it excludes the use of effective drugs such as hormone therapy and anti-HER2 agents. In this review, we explore standard therapies and recent emerging approaches for TNBC, including PARP inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, PI3K/AKT pathway inhibitors, and cytotoxin-conjugated antibodies. The mechanism of action of these drugs and their utilization in clinical practice is explained in a pragmatic and prospective manner, contextualized within the current landscape of standard therapies for this pathology. These advancements present a promising frontier for tailored interventions with the potential to significantly improve outcomes for TNBC patients. Interestingly, while TNBC poses a complex challenge, it also serves as a paradigm and an opportunity for translational research and innovative therapies in the field of oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Capuozzo
- Pharmaceutical Department, ASL Napoli 3, Ercolano, 80056, Naples, Italy
| | - Venere Celotto
- Pharmaceutical Department, ASL Napoli 3, Ercolano, 80056, Naples, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Santorsola
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", via M. Semmola, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Fabozzi
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", via M. Semmola, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Loris Landi
- Sanitary District, Ds. 58 ASL Napoli 3, Pompei, 80045, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Ferrara
- Pharmaceutical Department, ASL Napoli 3, Via Dell'amicizia 22, Nola, 80035, Naples, Italy
| | - Assunta Borzacchiello
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, IPCB-CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenza Granata
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", via M. Semmola, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Sabbatino
- Oncology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi, 84081, Salerno, Italy
| | - Giovanni Savarese
- AMES, Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale Srl, Via Padre Carmine Fico 24, Casalnuovo Di, 80013, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Cascella
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", via M. Semmola, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Perri
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", via M. Semmola, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ottaiano
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", via M. Semmola, 80131, Naples, Italy.
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15
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Cheng M, Zheng X, Wei J, Liu M. Current state and challenges of emerging biomarkers for immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma (Review). Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:586. [PMID: 38023367 PMCID: PMC10665984 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent form of primary liver cancer. According to the American Cancer Society, among patients diagnosed with advanced liver cancer, HCC has the sixth-highest incident rate, resulting in a poor prognosis. Surgery, radiofrequency ablation, transcatheter arterial chemoembolization, radiation, chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy are the current treatment options available. Immunotherapy, which has emerged as an innovative treatment strategy over the past decade, is serving a vital role in the treatment of advanced liver cancer. Since only a small number of individuals can benefit from immunotherapy, biomarkers are required to help clinicians identify the target populations for this precision medicine. These biomarkers, such as PD-1/PD-L1, tumor mutational burden and circulating tumor DNA, can be used to investigate interactions between immune checkpoint inhibitors and tumors. The present review summarizes information on the currently available biomarkers used for immunotherapy and the challenges that are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Cheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xiufeng Zheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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16
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Jin N, Qiao B, Zhao M, Li L, Zhu L, Zang X, Gu B, Zhang H. Predicting cervical lymph node metastasis in OSCC based on computed tomography imaging genomics. Cancer Med 2023; 12:19260-19271. [PMID: 37635388 PMCID: PMC10557859 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the correlation between computed tomography (CT) radiomic characteristics and key genes for cervical lymph node metastasis (LNM) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHODS The region of interest was annotated at the edge of the primary tumor on enhanced CT images from 140 patients with OSCC and obtained radiomic features. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequencing was performed on pathological sections from 20 patients. the DESeq software package was used to compare differential gene expression between groups. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis was used to construct co-expressed gene modules, and the KEGG and GO databases were used for pathway enrichment analysis of key gene modules. Finally, Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated between key genes of enriched pathways and radiomic features. RESULTS Four hundred and eighty radiomic features were extracted from enhanced CT images of 140 patients; seven of these correlated significantly with cervical LNM in OSCC (p < 0.01). A total of 3527 differentially expressed RNAs were screened from RNA sequencing data of 20 cases. original_glrlm_RunVariance showed significant positive correlation with most long noncoding RNAs. CONCLUSIONS OSCC cervical LNM is related to the salivary hair bump signaling pathway and biological process. Original_glrlm_RunVariance correlated with LNM and most differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nenghao Jin
- Medical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Bo Qiao
- Medical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Min Zhao
- Pharmaceutical Diagnostics, GE HealthcareBeijingChina
- Research Center of Medical Big Data, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Liangbo Li
- Medical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Liang Zhu
- Medical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Xiaoyi Zang
- Medical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Bin Gu
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Haizhong Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
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17
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Zhu Z, Yang Z, Zhu C, Hu Z, Jiang Z, Gong J, Yuan Y, Chen X, Jin Y, Yin Y. Development of a DNA aptamer targeting IDO1 with anti-tumor effects. iScience 2023; 26:107367. [PMID: 37520707 PMCID: PMC10374466 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade has become an effective approach to reverse the immune tolerance of tumor cells. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is frequently upregulated in many types of cancers and contributes to the establishment of an immunosuppressive cancer microenvironment, which has been thought to be a potential target for cancer therapy. However, the development of IDO1 inhibitors for clinical application is still limited. Here, we isolated a DNA aptamer with a strong affinity and inhibitory activity against IDO1, designated as IDO-APT. By conjugating with nanoparticles, in situ injection of IDO-APT to CT26 tumor-bearing mice significantly suppresses the activity of regulatory T cells and promotes the function of CD8+ T cells, leading to tumor suppression and prolonged survival. Therefore, this functional IDO1-specific aptamer with potent anti-tumor effects may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy in cancer immunotherapy. Our data provide an alternative way to target IDO1 in addition to small molecule inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Zhu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zeliang Yang
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chuanda Zhu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zixi Hu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhongyu Jiang
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jingjing Gong
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuyao Yuan
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yan Jin
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuxin Yin
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
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18
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Wen J, Huang Q, Yao J, Wei W, Li Z, Zhang H, Chang S, Pei H, Cao Y, Li H. Focusing on scRNA-seq-Derived T Cell-Associated Genes to Identify Prognostic Signature and Immune Microenvironment Status in Low-Grade Glioma. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:3648946. [PMID: 37292257 PMCID: PMC10247320 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3648946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The clinical outcomes of low-grade glioma (LGG) are associated with T cell infiltration, but the specific contribution of heterogeneous T cell types remains unclear. Method To study the different functions of T cells in LGG, we mapped the single-cell RNA sequencing results of 10 LGG samples to obtain T cell marker genes. In addition, bulk RNA data of 975 LGG samples were collected for model construction. Algorithms such as TIMER, CIBERSORT, QUANTISEQ, MCPCOUTER, XCELL, and EPIC were used to depict the tumor microenvironment landscape. Subsequently, three immunotherapy cohorts, PRJEB23709, GSE78820, and IMvigor210, were used to explore the efficacy of immunotherapy. Results The Human Primary Cell Atlas was used as a reference dataset to identify each cell cluster; a total of 15 cell clusters were defined and cells in cluster 12 were defined as T cells. According to the distribution of T cell subsets (CD4+ T cell, CD8+ T cell, Naïve T cell, and Treg cell), we selected the differentially expressed genes. Among the CD4+ T cell subsets, we screened 3 T cell-related genes, and the rest were 28, 4, and 13, respectively. Subsequently, according to the T cell marker genes, we screened six genes for constructing the model, namely, RTN1, HERPUD1, MX1, SEC61G, HOPX, and CHI3L1. The ROC curve showed that the predictive ability of the prognostic model for 1, 3, and 5 years was 0.881, 0.817, and 0.749 in the TCGA cohort, respectively. In addition, we found that risk scores were positively correlated with immune infiltration and immune checkpoints. To this end, we obtained three immunotherapy cohorts to verify their predictive ability of immunotherapy effects and found that high-risk patients had better clinical effects of immunotherapy. Conclusion This single-cell RNA sequencing combined with bulk RNA sequencing may elucidate the composition of the tumor microenvironment and pave the way for the treatment of low-grade gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Wen
- Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100020, China
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100020, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Qiaoyi Huang
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100020, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Jiuxiu Yao
- First Clinical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Zehui Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Huiqin Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Surui Chang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Hui Pei
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Hao Li
- Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100020, China
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19
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Jones AC, Brown KH, Guan T, Smith LA, Formslag CR, Farjado ED, Bai Q, Luechtefeld HD, Wakefield MR, Dong L, Fang Y. The past, present, and future of immunotherapy for endometrial adenocarcinoma. Med Oncol 2023; 40:186. [PMID: 37219649 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02040-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Incidences of endometrial adenocarcinoma are increasing in the USA with poor prognosis for patients with advanced disease. The current treatment standard is surgery including total hysterectomy and bilateral oophorectomy with surgical staging and adjunct treatment, such as chemotherapy or radiation. However, these methods do not present as an effective treatment option for poorly differentiated advanced cancers. Advancements in immunotherapy now offer a new approach for various types of cancer and specifically show promise in the treatment of endometrial adenocarcinoma. This review summarizes immunotherapeutic treatment options relevant to endometrial adenocarcinoma, such as immune checkpoint blockades, bispecific T-cell engager antibodies, vaccinations, and adoptive cell transfer. This study could be helpful for clinicians to identify treatment options more suitable for women with late-stage endometrial adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna C Jones
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, Des Moines University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Des Moines, IA, 50312, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Karah H Brown
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, Des Moines University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Des Moines, IA, 50312, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Tianyun Guan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Nanhua Hospital Affiliated to Nanhua University, Hengyang, China
| | - Luke A Smith
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Cole R Formslag
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, Des Moines University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Des Moines, IA, 50312, USA
| | - Emerson D Farjado
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Qian Bai
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Harrison D Luechtefeld
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Mark R Wakefield
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Lijun Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Nanhua Hospital Affiliated to Nanhua University, Hengyang, China.
| | - Yujiang Fang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, Des Moines University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Des Moines, IA, 50312, USA.
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.
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20
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Kavun A, Veselovsky E, Lebedeva A, Belova E, Kuznetsova O, Yakushina V, Grigoreva T, Mileyko V, Fedyanin M, Ivanov M. Microsatellite Instability: A Review of Molecular Epidemiology and Implications for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082288. [PMID: 37190216 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Microsatellite instability (MSI) is one of the most important molecular characteristics of a tumor, which occurs among various tumor types. In this review article, we examine the molecular characteristics of MSI tumors, both sporadic and Lynch-associated. We also overview the risks of developing hereditary forms of cancer and potential mechanisms of tumor development in patients with Lynch syndrome. Additionally, we summarize the results of major clinical studies on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors for MSI tumors and discuss the predictive role of MSI in the context of chemotherapy and checkpoint inhibitors. Finally, we briefly discuss some of the underlying mechanisms causing therapy resistance in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Egor Veselovsky
- OncoAtlas LLC, 119049 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics of Development, Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Ekaterina Belova
- OncoAtlas LLC, 119049 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olesya Kuznetsova
- OncoAtlas LLC, 119049 Moscow, Russia
- N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Valentina Yakushina
- OncoAtlas LLC, 119049 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana Grigoreva
- OncoAtlas LLC, 119049 Moscow, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Mikhail Fedyanin
- N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, 115478 Moscow, Russia
- State Budgetary Institution of Health Care of the City of Moscow "Moscow Multidisciplinary Clinical Center" "Kommunarka" of the Department of Health of the City of Moscow, 142770 Moscow, Russia
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "National Medical and Surgical Center named after N.I. Pirogov" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 105203 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim Ivanov
- OncoAtlas LLC, 119049 Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia
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Xiao Z, Tan Y, Cai Y, Huang J, Wang X, Li B, Lin L, Wang Y, Shuai X, Zhu K. Nanodrug removes physical barrier to promote T-cell infiltration for enhanced cancer immunotherapy. J Control Release 2023; 356:360-372. [PMID: 36871644 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
The dense extracellular matrix (ECM) is a key barrier to tumor infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), which greatly compromises T cell-dependent immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Herein, hyaluronidase (HAase), IL-12, and anti-PD-L1 antibody (αPD-L1) were co-delivered using a pH and MMP-2 dual-sensitive polymer/calcium phosphate (CaP) hybrid nanocarrier. The dissolution of CaP triggered by tumor acidity facilitated the release of IL-12 and HAase responsible for ECM digestion, enhancing the tumor infiltration and proliferation of CTLs. Furthermore, the in situ-released αPD-L1 inside tumor, as triggered by an overexpressed MMP-2, prevented the tumor cell from escaping the killing effects of CTLs. Such combination strategy induced a robust antitumor immunity for efficiently suppressing HCC growth in mice. Additionally, tumor acidity-sheddable polyethylene glycol (PEG) coating enhanced the tumor accumulation of nanocarrier and reduced the immune-related adverse events (irAEs) induced by on-target off-tumor αPD-L1. This dual-sensitive nanodrug demonstrates an effective immunotherapy paradigm for other dense ECM-characterized solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zecong Xiao
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, and Laboratory of Interventional Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Yitong Tan
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, and Laboratory of Interventional Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Yujun Cai
- Nanomedicine Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Jinsheng Huang
- Department of Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, and Laboratory of Interventional Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Bo Li
- Nanomedicine Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Liteng Lin
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, and Laboratory of Interventional Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Xintao Shuai
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, and Laboratory of Interventional Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China; Nanomedicine Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Kangshun Zhu
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology, and Laboratory of Interventional Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China.
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22
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Chen Z, Huang J, Kwak-Kim J, Wang W. Immune checkpoint inhibitors and reproductive failures. J Reprod Immunol 2023; 156:103799. [PMID: 36724630 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2023.103799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The human conceptus is a semi-allograft, which is antigenically foreign to the mother. Hence, the implantation process needs mechanisms to prevent allograft rejection during successful pregnancy. Immune checkpoints are a group of inhibitory pathways expressed on the surface of various immune cells in the form of ligand receptors. Immune cells possess these pathways to regulate the magnitude of immune responses and induce maternal-fetal tolerance. Briefly, 1) CTLA-4 can weaken T cell receptor (TCR) signals and inhibit T cell response; 2) The PD-1/PD-L1 pathway can reduce T cell proliferation, enhance T cell anergy and fatigue, reduce cytokine production, and increase T regulatory cell activity to complete the immunosuppression; 3) TIM3 interacts with T cells by binding Gal-9, weakening Th1 cell-mediated immunity and T cell apoptosis; 4) The LAG-3 binding to MHC II can inhibit T cell activation by interfering with the binding of CD4 to MHC II, and; 5) TIGIT can release inhibitory signals to NK and T cells through the ITIM structure of its cytoplasmic tail. Therefore, dysregulated immune checkpoints or the application of immune checkpoint inhibitors may impair human reproduction. This review intends to deliver a comprehensive overview of immune checkpoints in pregnancy, including CTLA-4, PD-1/PD-L1, TIM-3, LAG-3, TIGIT, and their inhibitors, reviewing their roles in normal and pathological human pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyang Chen
- School of Medicine, Qingdao University, 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao 266000, PR China; Reproduction Medical Center, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Jinxia Huang
- Reproduction Medical Center, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Department of Gynecology, Weihai Central Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, 3 Mishan East Road, Weihai 264400, PR China
| | - Joanne Kwak-Kim
- Reproductive Medicine and Immunology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Sciences Department, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Vernon Hills, IL 60061, USA; Center for Cancer Cell Biology, Immunology and Infection, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA.
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- Reproduction Medical Center, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
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23
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Fan J, Wang Y, Liang X, Peng Y, Li S, Li X, Zhou F, Li Y. B7-H6 enhances F-actin rearrangement by targeting c-MYC activation to promote medulloblastoma migration and invasion. Med Oncol 2023; 40:85. [PMID: 36692844 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-01947-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma (MB) is children's most common primary malignant primitive neuro-ectodermal tumor. Group 3 MB showed a higher propensity to metastasis, which is molecularly characterized by c-MYC gene amplification. The activation of c-MYC promotes the remodeling of the F-actin cytoskeleton to enhance metastasis. The B7 homologue 6 (B7-H6) is associated with the manifold essential hallmarks of tumorigenesis. In this study, we will explore whether B7-H6 regulates the reorganization of F-actin by elevating the c-MYC expression to promote metastasis. The Daoy cell line was used to act as the cell model of medulloblastoma. Small interfering RNA and the plasmid were used to downregulate and upregulate the expression of B7-H6 in Daoy cells. Transwell assays with/without the matrigel matrix were used to detect migration and invasion of Daoy cells. Western blots were used to detect the expression of related proteins. Immunofluorescence staining was used to observe the impact of B7-H6 on the c-MYC /F-actin axis. B7-H6 improved migration and invasion in the Daoy cell line. B7-H6 enhanced the rearrangement of F-actin and activated the expression of MMP-9 and MMP-2. B7-H6 promoted the remodeling of F-actin by targeting c-MYC activation to reinforce migration and invasion. B7-H6 acts as a promoter of migration and invasion in medulloblastoma by activating the c-MYC /F-actin axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Fan
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Pathology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Pathology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Pathology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Peng
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shijie Li
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoju Li
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Fanlin Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Li
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China. .,Department of Pathology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.
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24
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Wang Y, Li M, Wang G, Wu H. Role of B7 family members in glioma: Promising new targets for tumor immunotherapy. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1091383. [PMID: 36741734 PMCID: PMC9890054 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1091383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma, is a representative type of intracranial tumor among adults, usually has a weak prognosis and limited treatment options. Traditional therapies, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, have had little impact on patient survival time. Immunotherapies designed to target the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) signaling pathway have successfully treated various human cancers, informing the development of similar therapies for glioma. However, anti-PD-L1 response rates remain limited in glioma patients. Thus, exploring novel checkpoints targeting additional immunomodulatory pathways for activating durable antitumor immune responses and improving glioma outcomes is needed. Researchers have identified other B7 family checkpoint molecules, including PD-L2, B7-H2, B7-H3, B7-H4, and B7-H6. The current review article evaluates the expression of all 10 reported members of the B7 family in human glioma using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) data, as well as summarizes studies evaluating the clinical meanings and functions of B7 family molecules in gliomas. B7 family checkpoints may contribute to different immunotherapeutic management options for glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Third People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mengxi Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Third People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Third People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan, China,*Correspondence: Gang Wang, ; Hui Wu,
| | - Hui Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China,*Correspondence: Gang Wang, ; Hui Wu,
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25
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Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as biomolecules drug delivery systems for anticancer purposes. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 244:114801. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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Yu H, Wu M, Chen S, Song M, Yue Y. Biomimetic nanoparticles for tumor immunotherapy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:989881. [PMID: 36440446 PMCID: PMC9682960 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.989881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, tumor treatment research still focuses on the cancer cells themselves, but the fact that the immune system plays an important role in inhibiting tumor development cannot be ignored. The activation of the immune system depends on the difference between self and non-self. Unfortunately, cancer is characterized by genetic changes in the host cells that lead to uncontrolled cell proliferation and evade immune surveillance. Cancer immunotherapy aims to coordinate a patient's immune system to target, fight, and destroy cancer cells without destroying the normal cells. Nevertheless, antitumor immunity driven by the autoimmune system alone may be inadequate for treatment. The development of drug delivery systems (DDS) based on nanoparticles can not only promote immunotherapy but also improve the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (ITM), which provides promising strategies for cancer treatment. However, conventional nano drug delivery systems (NDDS) are subject to several limitations in clinical transformation, such as immunogenicity and the potential toxicity risks of the carrier materials, premature drug leakage at off-target sites during circulation and drug load content. In order to address these limitations, this paper reviews the trends and progress of biomimetic NDDS and discusses the applications of each biomimetic system in tumor immunotherapy. Furthermore, we review the various combination immunotherapies based on biomimetic NDDS and key considerations for clinical transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqing Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingming Song
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yulin Yue
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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27
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Hu Y, Liu Z, Tang H. Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase may be a potential prognostic biomarker and immunotherapy target in cancer: A meta-analysis and bioinformatics analysis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:977640. [PMID: 36263228 PMCID: PMC9574363 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.977640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO2) is one of the emerging immune checkpoints. Meanwhile, TDO2 is also a key enzyme in the tryptophan (Trp)–kynurenine (Kyn) signaling pathway. Many studies have evaluated that TDO2 is highly expressed in various malignant tumor patients and plays a prognostic role. However, the sample size of a single prognostic study was small, and the results were still controversial. Methods We used Stata software and referenced the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement to conduct a meta-analysis on TDO2 and its clinical features and prognosis. We searched the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases to find publications concerning TDO2 expression in malignant tumor patients up to June 2021. We used the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) to evaluate the bias risk of the included literature. Risk ratios (RRs) and hazard ratios (HRs) were used for clinical outcomes, specifically overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). In addition, we used data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to verify our conclusions. Results Nine studies including 667 patients with malignant tumors were identified. Our results suggested that overexpression of TDO2 was statistically correlated with poor OS and poor PFS (HR = 2.58, 95% CI = 1.52–4.40, p = 0.0005; HR = 2.38, 95% CI = 0.99–5.73, p = 0.05). In terms of clinicopathological characteristics, the overexpression level of TDO2 was statistically correlated with TNM (tumor–node–metastasis) stage (RR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.48–0.89, p = 0.002) and regional lymph node metastasis (RR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.59–0.99, p = 0.04). Subgroup analysis revealed the potential sources of heterogeneity. In addition, bioinformatics studies suggested that the level of TDO2 was high in malignant tumors and higher in cancer tissue than in matched paracarcinoma tissue. Gene enrichment analysis showed that TDO2 was closely related to immune response. Conclusion Overall, TDO2 may be a biomarker for the survival and prognosis of patients with malignant tumors and a potential therapeutic target in the future. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=260442, identifier (CRD42021260442)
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Zhongjian Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Hui Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Tang,
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Qian M, Xia Y, Zhang G, Yu H, Cui Y. Research progress on microRNA-1258 in the development of human cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1024234. [PMID: 36249037 PMCID: PMC9556982 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1024234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous RNAs composed of 20-22 nucleotides that do not encode proteins, which regulate the expression of downstream genes by targeting the 3' untranslated region of mRNA. Plentiful research has demonstrated that miRNAs participate in the initiation and development of diverse diseases and malignant tumors. miR-1258 exerts great influence on tumors, including tumor growth, distant metastasis, migration, invasion, chemosensitivity, cell glycolysis, apoptosis, and stemness. Interestingly, miR-1258 is a miRNA with explicit functions and has been investigated to act as a tumor suppressor in studies on various types of tumors. With accumulating research on miR-1258, it has been found to be used as a biomarker in the early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of tumor patients. In this review, we outline the development of miR-1258 research, describe its regulatory network, and discuss its roles in cancer. Additionally, we generalize the potential clinical applications of miR-1258. This review offers emerging perspectives and orientations for further comprehending the function of miR-1258 as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and potent therapeutic target in cancer.
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Clinical Presentation and Prognostic Features in Patients with Immunotherapy-Induced Vitiligo-like Depigmentation: A Monocentric Prospective Observational Study. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194576. [PMID: 36230498 PMCID: PMC9558529 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitiligo-like depigmentation (VLD) is an immune-related adverse event (irAE) of checkpoint-inhibitor (CPI) treatment, which has previously been associated with a favourable outcome. The aim of this study was to explore clinical, biological and prognostic features of melanoma patients with VLD under CPI-treatment and to explore whether they exhibit a characteristic immune response profile in peripheral blood. Melanoma patients developing VLD under CPI were included in a prospective observational single-center cohort study. We collected and analysed clinical parameters, photographs and serum from 28 VLD patients. They received pembrolizumab (36%), nivolumab (11%), ipilimumab/nivolumab (32%) or clinical trial medications (21%). We performed a high-throughput proteomics assay (Olink), in which we identified a distinct proteomic signature in VLD patients in comparison to non-VLD CPI patients. Our clinical assessments revealed that VLD lesions had a predominantly symmetrical distribution pattern, with mostly smaller “freckle-like” macules and a preferential distribution in UV-exposed areas. Patients with previous targeted therapy showed a significantly longer time lapse between CPI initiation and VLD onset compared to non-pre-treated patients (12.5 vs. 6.25 months). Therapy responders exhibited a distinct proteomic profile when compared with non-responders in VLD such as upregulation of EDAR and downregulation of LAG3. ITGA11 was elevated in the VLD-group when compared to non-VLD-CPI-treated melanoma patients. Our findings demonstrate that on a proteomic level, VLD is characterized by a distinct immune signature when compared to CPI-treated patients without VLD and that therapy responsiveness is reflected by a characteristic immune profile. The pathomechanisms underlying these findings and how they could relate to the antitumoral response in melanoma remain to be elucidated.
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The new progress in cancer immunotherapy. Clin Exp Med 2022:10.1007/s10238-022-00887-0. [DOI: 10.1007/s10238-022-00887-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe cross talk between immune and non-immune cells in the tumor microenvironment leads to immunosuppression, which promotes tumor growth and survival. Immunotherapy is an advanced treatment that boosts humoral and cellular immunity rather than using chemotherapy or radiation-based strategy associated with non-specific targets and toxic effects on normal cells. Immune checkpoint inhibitors and T cell-based immunotherapy have already exhibited significant effects against solid tumors and leukemia. Tumor cells that escape immune surveillance create a major obstacle to acquiring an effective immune response in cancer patients. Tremendous progress had been made in recent years on a wide range of innate and adaptive immune checkpoints which play a significant role to prevent tumorigenesis, and might therefore be potential targets to suppress tumor cells growth. This review aimed to summarize the underlying molecular mechanisms of existing immunotherapy approaches including T cell and NK-derived immune checkpoint therapy, as well as other intrinsic and phagocytosis checkpoints. Together, these insights will pave the way for new innate and adaptive immunomodulatory targets for the development of highly effective new therapy in the future.
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Mukherjee AG, Wanjari UR, Namachivayam A, Murali R, Prabakaran DS, Ganesan R, Renu K, Dey A, Vellingiri B, Ramanathan G, Doss C. GP, Gopalakrishnan AV. Role of Immune Cells and Receptors in Cancer Treatment: An Immunotherapeutic Approach. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10091493. [PMID: 36146572 PMCID: PMC9502517 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10091493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy moderates the immune system’s ability to fight cancer. Due to its extreme complexity, scientists are working to put together all the puzzle pieces to get a clearer picture of the immune system. Shreds of available evidence show the connection between cancer and the immune system. Immune responses to tumors and lymphoid malignancies are influenced by B cells, γδT cells, NK cells, and dendritic cells (DCs). Cancer immunotherapy, which encompasses adoptive cancer therapy, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), immune checkpoint therapy, and CART cells, has revolutionized contemporary cancer treatment. This article reviews recent developments in immune cell regulation and cancer immunotherapy. Various options are available to treat many diseases, particularly cancer, due to the progress in various immunotherapies, such as monoclonal antibodies, recombinant proteins, vaccinations (both preventative and curative), cellular immunotherapies, and cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Goutam Mukherjee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Uddesh Ramesh Wanjari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arunraj Namachivayam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Reshma Murali
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - D. S. Prabakaran
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-ro 1, Seowon-gu, Cheongju 28644, Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal College (Autonomous), Srivilliputhur Main Road, Sivakasi 626124, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Raja Ganesan
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Kaviyarasi Renu
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Balachandar Vellingiri
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gnanasambandan Ramanathan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - George Priya Doss C.
- Department of Integrative Biology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
- Correspondence:
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Hassanian H, Asadzadeh Z, Baghbanzadeh A, Derakhshani A, Dufour A, Rostami Khosroshahi N, Najafi S, Brunetti O, Silvestris N, Baradaran B. The expression pattern of Immune checkpoints after chemo/radiotherapy in the tumor microenvironment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:938063. [PMID: 35967381 PMCID: PMC9367471 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.938063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As a disease with the highest disease-associated burden worldwide, cancer has been the main subject of a considerable proportion of medical research in recent years, intending to find more effective therapeutic approaches with fewer side effects. Combining conventional methods with newer biologically based treatments such as immunotherapy can be a promising approach to treating different tumors. The concept of "cancer immunoediting" that occurs in the field of the tumor microenvironment (TME) is the aspect of cancer therapy that has not been at the center of attention. One group of the role players of the so-called immunoediting process are the immune checkpoint molecules that exert either co-stimulatory or co-inhibitory effects in the anti-tumor immunity of the host. It involves alterations in a wide variety of immunologic pathways. Recent studies have proven that conventional cancer therapies, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or a combination of them, i.e., chemoradiotherapy, alter the "immune compartment" of the TME. The mentioned changes encompass a wide range of variations, including the changes in the density and immunologic type of the tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and the alterations in the expression patterns of the different immune checkpoints. These rearrangements can have either anti-tumor immunity empowering or immune attenuating sequels. Thus, recognizing the consequences of various chemo(radio)therapeutic regimens in the TME seems to be of great significance in the evolution of therapeutic approaches. Therefore, the present review intends to summarize how chemo(radio)therapy affects the TME and specifically some of the most important, well-known immune checkpoints' expressions according to the recent studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Hassanian
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Asadzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Baghbanzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Afshin Derakhshani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- McCaig Insitute, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, and Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Antoine Dufour
- McCaig Insitute, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, and Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Souzan Najafi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Oronzo Brunetti
- Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology “G. Barresi” University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Wang Y, Chen C, Du W, Zhou Y, He L, Hong S, Zhang L. Adverse Event Reporting Quality in Cancer Clinical Trials Evaluating Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy: A Systematic Review. Front Immunol 2022; 13:874829. [PMID: 35874673 PMCID: PMC9301013 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.874829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immunotherapy has become one of the most important breakthroughs in cancer treatment. Consequently, there have been more immuno-oncology (IO) clinical trials for various cancers in recent decades. However, the quality of such trials in reporting adverse events (AE), especially immune-related AE (irAE), has not been comprehensively evaluated. Methods We evaluated the harm reporting quality of IO trials. The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched to identify all head-to-head phase II and III clinical trials assessing cancer immunotherapy published between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2021. Publications were assessed using a 16-point harm reporting quality score (HRQS) derived from the 2004 Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) extension. The characteristics associated with improved reporting quality were identified with linear regression. Results A total of 123 publications were included. The mean HRQS was 11.1 (range, 5-14). The most common poorly reported items were harms addressed in the title (2%), AE collection methodology (3%), the statistical approach for analyzing harms (11%), and the irAE onset patterns and management (adequately reported in 14% and 33% of publications, respectively). The harm information was well described in the publications’ Results and Discussion sections (89-99%). The multivariable regression model revealed that higher impact factor (IF) (30<IF<60 vs. IF<30, P=0.021) and phase III clinical trial (phase III vs. phase II, P=0.023) were independent predictors of higher quality score. Conclusion Our findings show that AE reporting in IO randomized trials is suboptimal. Efforts should be made to improve harm reporting and to standardize reporting practices. Improvements in AE reporting would permit more balanced assessment of interventions and would enhance evidence-based IO practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Du
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yixin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of VIP Region, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lina He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaodong Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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Takahashi D, Yonezawa K, Okizaki Y, Caaveiro JMM, Ueda T, Shimada A, Sakane F, Shimizu N. Ca 2+ -induced structural changes and intramolecular interactions in N-terminal region of diacylglycerol kinase alpha. Protein Sci 2022; 31:e4365. [PMID: 35762720 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Diacylglycerol kinases (DGKs) are multi-domain lipid kinases that modulate the levels of lipid messengers, diacylglycerol, and phosphatidic acid. Recently, increasing attention has been paid to its α isozyme (DGKα) as a potential target for cancer immunotherapy. However, little progress has been made on the structural biology of DGKs, and a detailed understanding of the Ca2+ -triggered activation of DGKα, for which the N-terminal domains likely play a critical role, remains unclear. We have recently shown that Ca2+ binding to DGKα-EF induces conformational changes from a protease-susceptible "open" conformation in the apo state to a well-folded one in its holo state. Here, we further studied the structural properties of DGKα N-terminal (RVH and EF) domains using a series of biophysical techniques. We first revealed that the N-terminal RVH domain is a novel Ca2+ -binding domain, but the Ca2+ -induced conformational changes mainly occur in the EF domain. This was corroborated by NMR experiments showing that the EF domain adopts a molten-globule like structure in the apo state. Further analyses using SEC-SAXS and NMR indicate that the partially unfolded EF domain interacts with RVH domain, likely via hydrophobic interactions in the absence of Ca2+ , and this interaction is modified in the presence of Ca2+ . Taken together, these results present novel insights into the structural rearrangement of DGKα N-terminal domains upon binding to Ca2+ , which is essential for the activation of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Takahashi
- Department of Protein Structure, Function, and Design, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kento Yonezawa
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Japan.,Center for Digital Green-Innovation (CDG), Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Ikoma, Japan
| | - Yuki Okizaki
- Department of Protein Structure, Function, and Design, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jose M M Caaveiro
- Department of Global Healthcare, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tadashi Ueda
- Department of Protein Structure, Function, and Design, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shimada
- Division of Structural Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Fumio Sakane
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Shimizu
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Japan
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Mohsenzadegan M, Nowroozi MR, Fotovvat A, Bavandpour Baghshahi P, Bokaie S, Inanloo SH, Sharifi L. The prospect of targeting T cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 in renal cell carcinoma immunotherapy. Scand J Immunol 2022; 96:e13197. [PMID: 35700044 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite the advances in the diagnosis and treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), it remains one of the most deadly urological cancers. At present, using immune checkpoint inhibition and their combination with antiangiogenic therapy is the standard of care in patients with advanced RCC. Unfortunately, a considerable part of tumour-bearing hosts does not benefit from this type of treatment. However, our knowledge about the detailed role of mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3) in the RCC cells is little, and further studies are required in this field, but its significant expression in the RCC microenvironment makes this receptor a promising target for designing new monoclonal antibodies alone or in combination with other checkpoint inhibitors for RCC immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monireh Mohsenzadegan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amirreza Fotovvat
- Uro-Oncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Saied Bokaie
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hassan Inanloo
- Uro-Oncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Laleh Sharifi
- Uro-Oncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Cheng Z, Du Y, Yu L, Yuan Z, Tian J. Application of Noninvasive Imaging to Combined Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Breast Cancer: Facts and Future. Mol Imaging Biol 2022; 24:264-279. [PMID: 35102468 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-021-01688-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
With the application of mono-immunotherapy in cancer, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors, improved outcomes have been achieved. However, there are several limitations to immunotherapy, such as a poor response to the drugs, immune resistance, and immune-related adverse events. In recent years, studies of preclinical animal models and clinical trials have demonstrated that immune checkpoint inhibitors for breast cancer can significantly prolong the overall survival and quality of patients' lives. Meanwhile, combined immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment has attracted researchers' attention and showed great potential in the comprehensive treatment of breast cancer patients. Additionally, noninvasive imaging enables physicians to predict response to combined immunotherapeutic drugs, achieve treatment efficacy, and lead to better clinical management. Herein, we review the background of combined immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy and summarize its targeted imaging as well as progress in noninvasive imaging aimed at evaluating therapeutic outcomes. Finally, we describe several factors that may influence the outcome of this combined immunotherapy, the future direction of medical imaging, and the potential application of artificial intelligence in breast cancer. With further development of noninvasive imaging for the guidance of combined immune checkpoint inhibitors, cures for this disease may be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongquan Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Capital Medical University, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100050, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex System, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, BeijingBeijing, 100190, China
| | - Yang Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex System, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, BeijingBeijing, 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, China.
| | - Leyi Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Capital Medical University, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zhu Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Capital Medical University, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Jie Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex System, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, BeijingBeijing, 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, China.
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Medicine Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710071, China.
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Role of Senescence in Tumorigenesis and Anticancer Therapy. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:5969536. [PMID: 35342397 PMCID: PMC8956409 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5969536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Although the role of senescence in many physiological and pathological processes is becoming more identifiable, many aspects of senescence are still enigmatic. A special attention is paid to the role of this phenomenon in tumor development and therapy. This review mainly deals with a large spectrum of oncological issues, beginning with therapy-induced senescence and ending with oncogene-induced senescence. Moreover, the role of senescence in experimental approaches, such as primary cancer cell culture or reprogramming into stem cells, is also beginning to receive further consideration. Additional focus is made on senescence resulting from mitotic catastrophe processes triggered by events occurring during mitosis and jeopardizing chromosomal stability. It has to be also realized that based on recent findings, the basics of senescent cell property interpretation, such as irreversibility of proliferation blockade, can be undermined. It shows that the definition of senescence probably requires updating. Finally, the role of senescence is lately more understandable in the immune system, especially since senescence can diminish the effectiveness of the chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding all these issues.
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Wu X, Wan Q, Wang J, Hou P, Zhang Q, Wang Q, Lu X. Epigenetic Activation of lncRNA MIR155HG Mediated by Promoter Hypomethylation and SP1 is Correlated with Immune Infiltration in Glioma. Onco Targets Ther 2022; 15:219-235. [PMID: 35299997 PMCID: PMC8922801 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s349078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xuechao Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Wuxi No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214002, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Wuxi Clinical College of Nantong University, Wuxi, 214002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Quan Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Wuxi No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Wuxi No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nantong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qijian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Wuxi No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Wuxi No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214002, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Wuxi Clinical College of Nantong University, Wuxi, 214002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojie Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Wuxi No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214002, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214000, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Xiaojie Lu; Qing Wang, Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Wuxi No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 68 Zhongshan Road, Wuxi, 214002, People’s Republic of China, Email ;
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Alemohammad H, Najafzadeh B, Asadzadeh Z, Baghbanzadeh A, Ghorbaninezhad F, Najafzadeh A, Safarpour H, Bernardini R, Brunetti O, Sonnessa M, Fasano R, Silvestris N, Baradaran B. The importance of immune checkpoints in immune monitoring: A future paradigm shift in the treatment of cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 146:112516. [PMID: 34906767 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The growth and development of cancer are directly correlated to the suppression of the immune system. A major breakthrough in cancer immunotherapy depends on various mechanisms to detect immunosuppressive factors that inhibit anti-tumor immune responses. Immune checkpoints are expressed on many immune cells such as T-cells, regulatory B cells (Bregs), dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer cells (NKs), regulatory T (Tregs), M2-type macrophages, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Immune inhibitory molecules, including CTLA-4, TIM-3, TIGIT, PD-1, and LAG-3, normally inhibit immune responses via negatively regulating immune cell signaling pathways to prevent immune injury. However, the up-regulation of inhibitory immune checkpoints during tumor progression on immune cells suppresses anti-tumor immune responses and promotes immune escape in cancer. It has recently been indicated that cancer cells can up-regulate various pathways of the immune checkpoints. Therefore, targeting immune inhibitory molecules through antibodies or miRNAs is a promising therapeutic strategy and shows favorable results. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are introduced as a new immunotherapy strategy that enhance immune cell-induced antitumor responses in many patients. In this review, we highlighted the function of each immune checkpoint on different immune cells and therapeutic strategies aimed at using monoclonal antibodies and miRNAs against inhibitory receptors. We also discussed current challenges and future strategies for maximizing these FDA-approved immunosuppressants' effectiveness and clinical success in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Alemohammad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Basira Najafzadeh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Asadzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Baghbanzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Arezoo Najafzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Safarpour
- Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Renato Bernardini
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, Catania, Italy
| | - Oronzo Brunetti
- Medical Oncological Unite, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Margherita Sonnessa
- Functional Biomorphology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Rossella Fasano
- Medical Oncological Unite, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- Medical Oncological Unite, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" of Bari, Bari, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO), University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Wan WJ, Huang G, Wang Y, Tang Y, Li H, Jia CH, Liu Y, You BG, Zhang XN. Coadministration of iRGD peptide with ROS-sensitive nanoparticles co-delivering siFGL1 and siPD-L1 enhanced tumor immunotherapy. Acta Biomater 2021; 136:473-484. [PMID: 34571271 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The continuous activation and expansion of tumor-specific T cells by various means are the main goal of cancer immunotherapy. Tumor cells overexpress fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL1) and programmmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), which respectively bind to lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3) and programmmed death-1(PD-1) on T cells, forming important signaling pathways (FGL1/LAG-3 and PD-1/PD-L1) that negatively regulate immune responses. In order to interfere with the inhibitory function of FGL1 and PD-L1 proteins, we designed a new type of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-sensitive nanoparticles to load FGL1 siRNA (siFGL1) and PD-L1 siRNA (siPD-L1), which was formed from a stimuli-responsive polymer with a poly-l-lysine-thioketal and modified cis-aconitate to facilitate endosomal escape. Moreover, tumor-penetrating peptide iRGD and ROS-responsive nanoparticles were co-administered to further enhance the delivery efficiency of siFGL1 and siPD-L1, thereby significantly reducing the protein levels of FGL1 and PD-L1 in tumor cells. Our findings indicated that the dual delivery of FGL1/PD-L1 siRNA was a new and powerful treatment method, which was characterized by increasing the infiltration of effector CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, effectively alleviating the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment. These findings also supported the superiority and feasibility of nanoparticle-mediated tumor immunotherapy, and may provide a different perspective for cancer treatment. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In addition to the idea that cancer vaccines can promote T cell immune responses, nanoparticle delivery modulators (such as small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting immunosuppressive pathways) may provide more information for the research of nanoparticle-mediated cancer immunotherapy. In this study, we designed a new intelligent nano-delivery system for co-delivery of siFGL1 and siPD-L1, and demonstrated the ability to down-regulate the expression levels of FGL1 and PD-L1 proteins in tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. The constructed nanoparticle had a good tumor microenvironment responsiveness, and the delivery efficiency was enhanced by co-injection with tumor penetrating peptide iRGD. This project proposed a new strategy for tumor immunotherapy based on smart nano-delivery systems, and explored more possibilities for tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jun Wan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Gui Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yan Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Chang-Hao Jia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Beng-Gang You
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xue-Nong Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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Chen C, Zhou Y, Zhang X, Wang Y, He LN, Lin Z, Chen T, Jiang Y, Hong S, Zhang L. Unsatisfied Reporting Quality of Clinical Trials Evaluating Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in Cancer. Front Immunol 2021; 12:736943. [PMID: 34675926 PMCID: PMC8524036 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.736943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background More and more immune-oncology trials have been conducted for treating various cancers, yet it is unclear what the reporting quality of immune-oncology trials is,and characteristics associated with higher reporting quality. Objective This study aims to evaluate the reporting quality of immune-oncology trials. Methods The PubMed and Cochrane library were searched to identify all English publications of clinical trials assessing immunotherapy for cancer. Reporting quality of immune-oncology trials was evaluated by a quality score with 11 points derived from the Trial Reporting in Immuno-Oncology (TRIO) statement, which contained two parts: an efficacy score of 6 points and toxicity score of 5 point. Linear regression was used to identify characteristics associated with higher scores. Results Of the 10,169 studies screened, 298 immune-oncology trial reports were enrolled. The mean quality score, efficacy score, and toxicity score were 6.46, 3.61, and 2.85, respectively. The most common well-reported items were response evaluation criteria (96.0%) and toxicity grade (98.7%), followed by Kaplan-Meier survival analyses (80.5%). Treatment details beyond progression (12.8%) and toxicity onset time and duration (7.7%) were poorly reported. Multivariate regression revealed that higher impact factor (IF) (IF >20 vs. IF <5, p < 0.001), specific tumor type (p = 0.018 for lung, p = 0.021 for urinary system, vs. pan cancer), and a certain kind of immune checkpoint blocking agent (p < 0.001 for anti-PD-1 or multiagents, vs. anti-CTLA-4) were independent predictors of higher-quality score. Similar independent predictive characteristics were revealed for high-efficacy score. Only IF >20 had a significant high-toxicity score (p < 0.001). Conclusion Immune-oncology trial reports presented an unsatisfied quality score, especially in the reporting of treatment details beyond progression and toxicity onset time and duration. High IF journals have better reporting quality. Future improvement of trial reporting was warranted to the benefit-risk assessment of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yixin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Very Important Person (VIP) Region, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuanye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Na He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zuan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongluo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaodong Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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Liu X, Liu P, Chernock RD, Kuhs KAL, Lewis JS, Li H, Gay HA, Thorstad WL, Wang X. Impact of human papillomavirus on the tumor microenvironment in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Cancer 2021; 150:521-531. [PMID: 34655477 PMCID: PMC8665085 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has elucidated the clinicopathological significance of tumor microenvironment (TME) cells. However, TME differences associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) have not been well characterized. In our study, we comprehensively determined the TME infiltration patterns in 315 OPSCC patients, and systematically correlated the TME phenotypes with genomic characteristics and clinical features of OPSCCs. In this way, we observed the enrichment of high endothelial cells and adaptive immune cells in HPV-positive (HPV+) OPSCCs, in contrast to the enrichment of fibroblasts and capillary endothelial cells in HPV- negative (HPV-) OPSCCs. By focusing on immune checkpoint genes, we constructed a coexpression network using genes that were differentially expressed between HPV+ and HPV- OPSCCs. Functional analysis of the network indicated that HPV+ OPSCCs had elevated immune activities by promoting adaptive immune response and suppressing activities related to extracellular matrix organization. Subsequently, clinical analysis showed that identified TME-relevant genes were closely associated with the prognosis and therapy response in OPSCC. Importantly, results from the TME analysis were further validated using an independent OPSCC cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago,University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Rebecca D. Chernock
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Krystle A. Lang Kuhs
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - James S. Lewis
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN,Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL,Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL,Cancer Center at Illinois, Urbana, IL
| | - Hiram A. Gay
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Wade L. Thorstad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago,University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, IL
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Nehra M, Uthappa UT, Kumar V, Kumar R, Dixit C, Dilbaghi N, Mishra YK, Kumar S, Kaushik A. Nanobiotechnology-assisted therapies to manage brain cancer in personalized manner. J Control Release 2021; 338:224-243. [PMID: 34418523 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
There are numerous investigated factors that limit brain cancer treatment efficacy such as ability of prescribed therapy to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), tumor specific delivery of a therapeutics, transport within brain interstitium, and resistance of tumor cells against therapies. Recent breakthroughs in the field of nano-biotechnology associated with developing multifunctional nano-theranostic emerged as an effective way to manage brain cancer in terms of higher efficacy and least possible adverse effects. Keeping challenges and state-of-art accomplishments into consideration, this review proposes a comprehensive, careful, and critical discussion focused on efficient nano-enabled platforms including nanocarriers for drug delivery across the BBB and nano-assisted therapies (e.g., nano-immunotherapy, nano-stem cell therapy, and nano-gene therapy) investigated for brain cancer treatment. Besides therapeutic efficacy point-of-view, efforts are being made to explore ways projected to tune such developed nano-therapeutic for treating patients in personalized manner via controlling size, drug loading, delivery, and retention. Personalized brain tumor management based on advanced nano-therapies can potentially lead to excellent therapeutic benefits based on unique genetic signatures in patients and their individual disease profile. Moreover, applicability of nano-systems as stimulants to manage the brain cancer growth factors has also been discussed in photodynamic therapy and radiotherapy. Overall, this review offers a comprehensive information on emerging opportunities in nanotechnology for advancing the brain cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Nehra
- Department of Bio and Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - U T Uthappa
- Department of Environment and Energy Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Bengaluru 562112, Karnataka, India
| | - Virendra Kumar
- Department of Bio and Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Chandra Dixit
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Neeraj Dilbaghi
- Department of Bio and Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India
| | - Yogendra Kumar Mishra
- Smart Materials, NanoSYD, Mads Clausen Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Alsion 2, 6400, Sønderborg, Denmark
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Bio and Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India.
| | - Ajeet Kaushik
- NanoBioTech Laboratory, Health Systems Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, FL 33805-8531, United States.
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Bolandi N, Derakhshani A, Hemmat N, Baghbanzadeh A, Asadzadeh Z, Afrashteh Nour M, Brunetti O, Bernardini R, Silvestris N, Baradaran B. The Positive and Negative Immunoregulatory Role of B7 Family: Promising Novel Targets in Gastric Cancer Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910719. [PMID: 34639059 PMCID: PMC8509619 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC), with a heterogeneous nature, is the third leading cause of death worldwide. Over the past few decades, stable reductions in the incidence of GC have been observed. However, due to the poor response to common treatments and late diagnosis, this cancer is still considered one of the lethal cancers. Emerging methods such as immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed the landscape of treatment for GC patients. There are presently eleven known members of the B7 family as immune checkpoint molecules: B7-1 (CD80), B7-2 (CD86), B7-H1 (PD-L1, CD274), B7-DC (PDCD1LG2, PD-L2, CD273), B7-H2 (B7RP1, ICOS-L, CD275), B7-H3 (CD276), B7-H4 (B7x, B7S1, Vtcn1), B7-H5 (VISTA, Gi24, DD1α, Dies1 SISP1), B7-H6 (NCR3LG1), B7-H7 (HHLA2), and Ig-like domain-containing receptor 2 (ILDR2). Interaction of the B7 family of immune-regulatory ligands with the corresponding receptors resulted in the induction and inhibition of T cell responses by sending co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory signals, respectively. Manipulation of the signals provided by the B7 family has significant potential in the management of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Bolandi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 516615731, Iran; (N.B.); (A.D.); (N.H.); (A.B.); (Z.A.); (M.A.N.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia 571478334, Iran
| | - Afshin Derakhshani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 516615731, Iran; (N.B.); (A.D.); (N.H.); (A.B.); (Z.A.); (M.A.N.)
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Nima Hemmat
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 516615731, Iran; (N.B.); (A.D.); (N.H.); (A.B.); (Z.A.); (M.A.N.)
| | - Amir Baghbanzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 516615731, Iran; (N.B.); (A.D.); (N.H.); (A.B.); (Z.A.); (M.A.N.)
| | - Zahra Asadzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 516615731, Iran; (N.B.); (A.D.); (N.H.); (A.B.); (Z.A.); (M.A.N.)
| | - Mina Afrashteh Nour
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 516615731, Iran; (N.B.); (A.D.); (N.H.); (A.B.); (Z.A.); (M.A.N.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia 571478334, Iran
| | - Oronzo Brunetti
- Medical Oncology Unit—IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II” of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Renato Bernardini
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95100 Catania, Italy;
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- Medical Oncology Unit—IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II” of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO), University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence: (N.S.); (B.B.); Tel.: +98-413-3371440 (B.B.); Fax: +98-413-3371311 (B.B.)
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 516615731, Iran; (N.B.); (A.D.); (N.H.); (A.B.); (Z.A.); (M.A.N.)
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 516615731, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 516615731, Iran
- Correspondence: (N.S.); (B.B.); Tel.: +98-413-3371440 (B.B.); Fax: +98-413-3371311 (B.B.)
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Huang B, Bai Z, Ye X, Zhou C, Xie X, Zhong Y, Lin K, Ma L. Structural analysis and binding sites of inhibitors targeting the CD47/SIRPα interaction in anticancer therapy. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:5494-5503. [PMID: 34712395 PMCID: PMC8517548 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47)/signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) is a negative innate immune checkpoint signaling pathway that restrains immunosurveillance and immune clearance, and thus has aroused wide interest in cancer immunotherapy. Blockade of the CD47/SIRPα signaling pathway shows remarkable antitumor effects in clinical trials. Currently, all inhibitors targeting CD47/SIRPα in clinical trials are biomacromolecules. The poor permeability and undesirable oral bioavailability of biomacromolecules have caused researchers to develop small-molecule CD47/SIRPα pathway inhibitors. This review will summarize the recent advances in CD47/SIRPα interactions, including crystal structures, peptides and small molecule inhibitors. In particular, we have employed computer-aided drug discovery (CADD) approaches to analyze all the published crystal structures and docking results of small molecule inhibitors of CD47/SIRPα, providing insight into the key interaction information to facilitate future development of small molecule CD47/SIRPα inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Huang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Zhaoshi Bai
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Baiziting 42, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Xinyue Ye
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Chenyu Zhou
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Xiaolin Xie
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Yuejiao Zhong
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Baiziting 42, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Kejiang Lin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Lingman Ma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
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Hui J, Wang C, Miao Y, Liu R, Xu J. The pancancer landscape of Wnt family expression reveals potential biomarkers in urinary system tumors. Cancer Gene Ther 2021; 28:1035-1045. [PMID: 33311568 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-020-00273-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy and targeted therapy have been particularly effective in treating tumors of the urinary system; however, the mechanisms of the Wnt family of proteins in the tumorigenesis, development, and immune response of urinary system tumors are not fully understood. Here, we show that the Wnt family was extensively upregulated in and impacted the prognosis of patients with prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) and bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA). Moreover, the Wnt family correlated with the levels of infiltrating immune cells, including B cells, CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells. The expression levels of Wnt family members were closely related to neoantigens, the mismatch repair system (MMRS) and DNA methyltransferases, and the mutation rate was generally low. Wnt family members are potential biomarkers for precision immunotherapy of urinary system tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang Hui
- Department of Organ Transplant, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengxinqiao Wang
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Miao
- Department of Organ Transplant, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruiyu Liu
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Organ Transplant, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China.
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Tang D, Huang W, Yang Z, Wu X, Sang X, Wang K, Cao G. Identification and validation of 12 immune-related genes as a prognostic signature for colon adenocarcinoma. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22852. [PMID: 34396630 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract that threatens human health seriously. Thus, it is urgent to explore biomarkers that can be used to evaluate a patient's survival prognosis overall as a supplementary treatment. RNA-seq expression profiles were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus, and Lasso and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used for developing the prognostic model. Finally, a nomogram comprising the prognostic model was established to evaluate survival overall. A risk model comprised of a total of 12 immune-related gene pairs was constructed. Further analysis revealed the model's independent prognostic ability in relation to other clinical characteristics. This model's nomogram could help clinicians choose personalized treatment for COAD patients. This model has significant potential to complement COAD's clinical identifying characteristics, and also provide new insights into the identification of colon cancer patients with a high risk of death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxin Tang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Wei Huang
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhu Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xin Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xianan Sang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kuilong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Mineiro dos Santos Garrett NF, Carvalho da Costa AC, Barros Ferreira E, Damiani G, Diniz dos Reis PE, Inocêncio Vasques C. Prevalence of dermatological toxicities in patients with melanoma undergoing immunotherapy: Systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255716. [PMID: 34358260 PMCID: PMC8345892 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized advanced melanoma care; however, their cutaneous side effects have not been definitively elucidated. Objective To identify the prevalence of cutaneous toxicity in patients with melanoma treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors as monotherapy and/or in combination with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Materials and methods We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis, which encompassed both clinical trials and observational studies describing the dermatological toxicities in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. The protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Review under the number CRD42018091915. The searches were performed using the CINAHL, Cochrane CENTRAL, LILACS, LIVIVO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated with the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data Results A total of 9,802 articles were identified in the databases. The final sample comprised 39 studies. The evaluated drugs were ipilimumab, tremelimumab, pembrolizumab, and nivolumab. The results suggest that the most prevalent side effect was grade 1 and 2 pruritus (24%), followed by grade 1 and 2 rash (21%) and grade 1 and 2 vitiligo (10%). Conclusion The most prevalent side effects in patients treated with checkpoint inhibitors are pruritus, rash, and vitiligo, and they are rated mostly as grades 1 and 2 adverse events. Remarkably, vitiligo is most commonly found in patients treated with PD-1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Giovanni Damiani
- Clinical Dermatology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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Guo Q. Tim-3 on CD4 + T cells is associated with pathology in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis of mouse. EUR J INFLAMM 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/20587392211030149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a reliable model to study the pathogenesis of Multiple sclerosis (MS), which is a progressive autoimmune-mediated inflammation of the central nervous system (CNS). Tim-3 is one of the crucial immune checkpoints in immune tolerance. We investigated the impact of Tim3 in EAE by the anti-Tim3 antibody and detected the immune cell and inflammation through flow cytometry and ELISA. In this study we found that CD4 T cells express low levels of Tim-3 in EAE mice. Tim-3 suppression exacerbated the disease progression in EAE mice. Furthermore, the Galectin-9/Tim-3 pathway promoted the apoptosis of CD4 T cells and inhibited the differentiation of Th17 in EAE mice. Our study unravels the anti-inflammatory Galectin-9/Tim-3 pathway in EAE mice and provides a potential therapeutic target for EAE and MS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Guo
- Department of Hand Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Pourakbari R, Hajizadeh F, Parhizkar F, Aghebati-Maleki A, Mansouri S, Aghebati-Maleki L. Co-stimulatory agonists: An insight into the immunotherapy of cancer. EXCLI JOURNAL 2021; 20:1055-1085. [PMID: 34267616 PMCID: PMC8278219 DOI: 10.17179/excli2021-3522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint pathways consist of stimulatory pathways, which can function like a strong impulse to promote T helper cells or killer CD8+ cells activation and proliferation. On the other hand, inhibitory pathways keep self-tolerance of the immune response. Increasing immunological activity by stimulating and blocking these signaling pathways are recognized as immune checkpoint therapies. Providing the best responses of CD8+ T cell needs the activation of T cell receptor along with the co-stimulation that is generated via stimulatory checkpoint pathways ligation including Inducible Co-Stimulator (ICOS), CD40, 4-1BB, GITR, and OX40. In cancer, programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD-1), Programmed cell death ligand-1(PD-L1) and Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte-Associated molecule-4 (CTLA-4) are the most known inhibitory checkpoint pathways, which can hinder the immune responses which have specifically anti-tumor characteristics and attenuate T cell activation and also cytokine production. The use of antagonistic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that block CTLA-4 or PD-1 activation is used in a variety of malignancies. It has been reported that they can lead to an increase in T cells and thereby strengthen anti-tumor immunity. Agonists of stimulatory checkpoint pathways can induce strong immunologic responses in metastatic patients; however, for achieving long-lasting benefits for the wide range of patients, efficient combinatorial therapies are required. In the present review, we focus on the preclinical and basic research on the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which immune checkpoint inhibitor blockade or other approaches with co-stimulatory agonists work together to improve T-cell antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Pourakbari
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student's Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farnaz Hajizadeh
- Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Forough Parhizkar
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Aghebati-Maleki
- Student's Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sanaz Mansouri
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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