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Yang Y, Lu M, Qian J, Xu Y, Li B, Le G, Xie Y. Dietary Methionine Restriction Promotes Fat Browning and Attenuates Hepatic Lipid Accumulation in High-Choline-Fed Mice Associated with the Improvement of Thyroid Function. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:1447-1463. [PMID: 36632677 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the influences of a methionine-restricted diet (MRD) on fat browning and hepatic lipid accumulation in mice fed with a high-choline diet (HCD) and their possible mechanisms. ICR mice were randomly divided into three groups and fed with a normal diet (0.86% methionine + 0.20% choline, ND), HCD (0.86% methionine + 1.20% choline), or MRD (0.17% methionine + 1.20% choline) for 90 consecutive days. We found that MRD reduced body weight and fat mass; increased heat production and ambulatory locomotor activity; reduced hepatic and plasma lipid levels, hepatic fatty infiltration area, and adipocyte volume in white and brown adipose tissue; promoted fat browning, especially upregulated gene and protein expression levels of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1); and promoted fat catabolism and inhibited fat anabolism in the liver and adipose tissue. Moreover, MRD increased antioxidant defenses and reduced inflammatory cytokine levels in the thyroid, blood, and liver. Furthermore, MRD improved thyroid morphological structure, promoted the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones, and enhanced the actions of thyroid hormones on its receptor organs (liver and adipose tissue). These findings suggested that MRD promoted fat browning and attenuated hepatic lipid accumulation in HCD mice associated with the improvement of thyroid function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Manman Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Jing Qian
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Yuncong Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guowei Le
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanli Xie
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
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2
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Wu G, Xu J, Wang Q, Fang Z, Fang Y, Jiang Y, Zhang X, Cheng X, Sun J, Le G. Methionine-Restricted Diet: A Feasible Strategy Against Chronic or Aging-Related Diseases. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:5-19. [PMID: 36571820 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Dietary methionine restriction (MR) has been associated with multifaceted health-promoting effects. MR is conducive to prevention of several chronic diseases and cancer, and extension of lifespan. A growing number of studies on new phenotypes and mechanisms of MR have become available in the past five years, especially in angiogenesis, neurodegenerative diseases, intestinal microbiota, and intestinal barrier function. In this review, we summarize the characteristics and advantages of MR, and current knowledge on the physiological responses and effects of MR on chronic diseases and aging-associated pathologies. Potential mechanisms, in which hydrogen sulfide, fibroblast growth factor 21, gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids, and so on are involved, are discussed. Moreover, directions for epigenetics and gut microbiota in an MR diet are presented in future perspectives. This review comprehensively summarizes the novel roles and interpretations of the mechanisms underlying MR in the prevention of chronic diseases and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Wu
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Jingxuan Xu
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Qiyao Wang
- Translational Medicine Center of Pain, Emotion and Cognition, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Ziyang Fang
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Yucheng Fang
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Yujie Jiang
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Xiangrong Cheng
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Guowei Le
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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3
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Fang H, Stone KP, Wanders D, Forney LA, Gettys TW. The Origins, Evolution, and Future of Dietary Methionine Restriction. Annu Rev Nutr 2022; 42:201-226. [PMID: 35588443 PMCID: PMC9936953 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-062320-111849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The original description of dietary methionine restriction (MR) used semipurified diets to limit methionine intake to 20% of normal levels, and this reduction in dietary methionine increased longevity by ∼30% in rats. The MR diet also produces paradoxical increases in energy intake and expenditure and limits fat deposition while reducing tissue and circulating lipids and enhancing overall insulin sensitivity. In the years following the original 1993 report, a comprehensive effort has been made to understand the nutrient sensing and signaling systems linking reduced dietary methionine to the behavioral, physiological, biochemical, and transcriptional components of the response. Recent work has shown that transcriptional activation of hepatic fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a key event linking the MR diet to many but not all components of its metabolic phenotype. These findings raise the interesting possibility of developing therapeutic, MR-based diets that produce the beneficial effects of FGF21 by nutritionally modulating its transcription and release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Fang
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing and Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA;
| | - Kirsten P Stone
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing and Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA;
| | - Desiree Wanders
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Laura A Forney
- Department of Kinesiology, Houston Baptist University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Thomas W Gettys
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing and Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA;
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Wiśniewski O, Rajczewski A, Szumigała A, Gibas-Dorna M. Diet-Induced Adipocyte Browning. POL J FOOD NUTR SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.31883/pjfns/143164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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5
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Stone KP, Ghosh S, Kovalik JP, Orgeron M, Wanders D, Sims LC, Gettys TW. The acute transcriptional responses to dietary methionine restriction are triggered by inhibition of ternary complex formation and linked to Erk1/2, mTOR, and ATF4. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3765. [PMID: 33580171 PMCID: PMC7880992 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83380-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The initial sensing of dietary methionine restriction (MR) occurs in the liver where it activates an integrated stress response (ISR) that quickly reduces methionine utilization. The ISR program is regulated in part by ATF4, but ATF4's prototypical upstream regulator, eIF2α, is not acutely activated by MR. Bioinformatic analysis of RNAseq and metabolomics data from liver samples harvested 3 h and 6 h after initiating MR shows that general translation is inhibited at the level of ternary complex formation by an acute 50% reduction of hepatic methionine that limits formation of initiator methionine tRNA. The resulting ISR is induced by selective expression of ATF4 target genes that mediate adaptation to reduced methionine intake and return hepatic methionine to control levels within 4 days of starting the diet. Complementary in vitro experiments in HepG2 cells after knockdown of ATF4, or inhibition of mTOR or Erk1/2 support the conclusion that the early induction of genes by MR is partially dependent on ATF4 and regulated by both mTOR and Erk1/2. Taken together, these data show that initiation of dietary MR induces an mTOR- and Erk1/2-dependent stress response that is linked to ATF4 by the sharp, initial drop in hepatic methionine and resulting repression of translation pre-initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten P Stone
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing and Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Sujoy Ghosh
- Laboratory of Computational Biology, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders and Center for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jean Paul Kovalik
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders and Center for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Manda Orgeron
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing and Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Desiree Wanders
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Landon C Sims
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing and Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Thomas W Gettys
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing and Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA.
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Abstract
Life expectancy in most developed countries has been rising over the past century. In the UK alone, there are about 12 million people over 65 years old and centenarians have increased by 85% in the past 15 years. As a result of the ageing population, which is due mainly to improvements in medical treatments, public health, improved housing and lifestyle choices, there is an associated increase in the prevalence of pathological conditions, such as metabolic disorders, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, many types of cancer and others. Statistics suggest that nearly 54% of elderly people in the UK live with at least two chronic conditions, revealing the urgency for identifying interventions that can prevent and/or treat such disorders. Non-pharmacological, dietary interventions such as energetic restriction (ER) and methionine restriction (MR) have revealed promising outcomes in increasing longevity and preventing and/or reversing the development of ageing-associated disorders. In this review, we discuss the evidence and mechanisms that are involved in these processes. Fibroblast growth factor 1 and hydrogen sulphide are important molecules involved in the effects of ER and MR in the extension of life span. Their role is also associated with the prevention of metabolic and cognitive disorders, highlighting these interventions as promising modulators for improvement of health span.
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7
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Forney LA, Fang H, Sims LC, Stone KP, Vincik LY, Vick AM, Gibson AN, Burk DH, Gettys TW. Dietary Methionine Restriction Signals to the Brain Through Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 to Regulate Energy Balance and Remodeling of Adipose Tissue. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020; 28:1912-1921. [PMID: 32959519 PMCID: PMC7513464 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Restricting dietary methionine to 0.17% in mice increases energy expenditure (EE), reduces fat deposition, and improves metabolic health by increasing hepatic fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21). The goal of this study was to compare each of these responses in mice with the coreceptor for FGF21 deleted in either adipose tissue or the brain. METHODS Methionine-restriction (MR) diets were fed to age-matched cohorts of mice with the coreceptor for FGF21 deleted in either adipose tissue or the brain. The physiological and transcriptional responses to MR were compared in the respective cohorts. RESULTS Tissue-specific deletion of the FGF21 coreceptor in adipose tissue did not abrogate the ability of dietary MR to increase EE and reduce fat deposition. Tissue-specific deletion of the FGF21 coreceptor from the brain produced mice that were unable to respond to the effects of MR on EE or the remodeling of adipose tissue. CONCLUSIONS The increase in FGF21 produced by dietary MR acts primarily in the brain to produce its physiological effects on energy balance. In contrast, the effects of MR on hepatic gene expression were intact in both models, supporting a mechanism that directly links detection of reduced methionine in the liver to transcriptional mechanisms that alter gene expression in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Forney
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing and Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Han Fang
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing and Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Landon C Sims
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing and Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Kirsten P Stone
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing and Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Leighann Y Vincik
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing and Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Alicia M Vick
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing and Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | | | - David H Burk
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing and Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Thomas W Gettys
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing and Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
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8
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Cooke D, Mattocks D, Nichenametla SN, Anunciado-Koza RP, Koza RA, Ables GP. Weight Loss and Concomitant Adipose Autophagy in Methionine-Restricted Obese Mice is Not Dependent on Adiponectin or FGF21. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020; 28:1075-1085. [PMID: 32348021 PMCID: PMC7245564 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Identifying novel approaches to combat obesity is important to improve health span. It was hypothesized that methionine restriction (MR) will induce weight loss in obese mice by reducing adipose tissue mass caused by increased energy expenditure and reprogramming of adipose tissue homeostasis. The roles of adiponectin (ADIPOQ) and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) during weight loss in MR mice were also tested. METHODS Diet-induced obese (DIO) male C57BL/6J (wild type), Adipoq-deficient (Adipoq knockout [KO]), Fgf21-KO, and Adipoq-Fgf21 double-KO mice were used. Following a switch to high-fat control (DIO-CF, 60% fat/0.86% methionine) or MR (DIO-MR, 60% fat/0.12% methionine) diet, physiological parameters were measured, and inguinal and perigonadal adipose tissues were examined. RESULTS Obese mice subjected to MR showed loss of body weight and adiposity, increased energy expenditure, and improved glucose tolerance that were independent of the actions of ADIPOQ and FGF21. MR induced reduction of circulating lipids, glucose, insulin, leptin, and insulin like growth factor 1 and increased β-hydroxybutyrate, ADIPOQ, and FGF21 concentrations. In fat, MR upregulated protein levels of adipose triglyceride lipase, apoptosis-inducing factor, lysosomal-associated membrane proteins 1 and 2, autophagy-related protein 5, beclin-1, and light chain 3B I and II. CONCLUSIONS MR reduction of adipose tissue mass in obese mice is associated with elevated lipolysis, apoptosis, and autophagy and occurs independently of the actions of ADIPOQ and FGF21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Cooke
- Orentreich Foundation for the Advancement of Science, Inc., Cold Spring-on-Hudson, NY, USA
| | - Dwight Mattocks
- Orentreich Foundation for the Advancement of Science, Inc., Cold Spring-on-Hudson, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Robert A. Koza
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine, USA
| | - Gene P. Ables
- Orentreich Foundation for the Advancement of Science, Inc., Cold Spring-on-Hudson, NY, USA
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9
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Forney LA, Stone KP, Gibson AN, Vick AM, Sims LC, Fang H, Gettys TW. Sexually Dimorphic Effects of Dietary Methionine Restriction are Dependent on Age when the Diet is Introduced. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020; 28:581-589. [PMID: 32012481 PMCID: PMC7042039 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Restricting dietary methionine to 0.17% in male mice increases energy expenditure, reduces fat deposition, and improves metabolic health. The goal of this work was to compare each of these responses in postweaning male and female mice and in physically mature male and female mice. METHODS Methionine-restricted (MR) diets were fed to age-matched cohorts of male and female mice for 8 to 10 weeks beginning at 8 weeks of age or beginning at 4 months of age. The physiological and transcriptional responses to MR were compared in the respective cohorts. RESULTS Dietary MR produced sexually dimorphic changes in body composition in young growing animals, with males preserving lean at the expense of fat and females preserving fat at the expense of lean. The effects of MR on energy balance were comparable between sexes when the diet was initiated after attainment of physical maturity (4 months), and metabolic and endocrine responses were also comparable between males and females after 8 weeks on the MR diet. CONCLUSIONS The sexually dimorphic effects of MR are limited to nutrient partitioning between lean and fat tissue deposition in young, growing mice. Introduction of the diet after physical maturity produced comparable effects on growth and metabolic responses in male and female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Forney
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing & Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Kirsten P Stone
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing & Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Amanda N Gibson
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing & Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Alicia M Vick
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing & Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Landon C Sims
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing & Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Han Fang
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing & Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Thomas W Gettys
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing & Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
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Abstract
The way cancer cells utilize nutrients to support their growth and proliferation is determined by cancer cell-intrinsic and cancer cell-extrinsic factors, including interactions with the environment. These interactions can define therapeutic vulnerabilities and impact the effectiveness of cancer therapy. Diet-mediated changes in whole-body metabolism and systemic nutrient availability can affect the environment that cancer cells are exposed to within tumours, and a better understanding of how diet modulates nutrient availability and utilization by cancer cells is needed. How diet impacts cancer outcomes is also of great interest to patients, yet clear evidence for how diet interacts with therapy and impacts tumour growth is lacking. Here we propose an experimental framework to probe the connections between diet and cancer metabolism. We examine how dietary factors may affect tumour growth by altering the access to and utilization of nutrients by cancer cells. Our growing understanding of how certain cancer types respond to various diets, how diet impacts cancer cell metabolism to mediate these responses and whether dietary interventions may constitute new therapeutic opportunities will begin to provide guidance on how best to use diet and nutrition to manage cancer in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan C Lien
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Matthew G Vander Heiden
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
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Abstract
The cause of insulin resistance in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is not limited to impaired insulin signalling but also involves the complex interplay of multiple metabolic pathways. The analysis of large data sets generated by metabolomics and lipidomics has shed new light on the roles of metabolites such as lipids, amino acids and bile acids in modulating insulin sensitivity. Metabolites can regulate insulin sensitivity directly by modulating components of the insulin signalling pathway, such as insulin receptor substrates (IRSs) and AKT, and indirectly by altering the flux of substrates through multiple metabolic pathways, including lipogenesis, lipid oxidation, protein synthesis and degradation and hepatic gluconeogenesis. Moreover, the post-translational modification of proteins by metabolites and lipids, including acetylation and palmitoylation, can alter protein function. Furthermore, the role of the microbiota in regulating substrate metabolism and insulin sensitivity is unfolding. In this Review, we discuss the emerging roles of metabolites in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and T2DM. A comprehensive understanding of the metabolic adaptations involved in insulin resistance may enable the identification of novel targets for improving insulin sensitivity and preventing, and treating, T2DM.
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Mladenović D, Radosavljević T, Hrnčić D, Rasic-Markovic A, Stanojlović O. The effects of dietary methionine restriction on the function and metabolic reprogramming in the liver and brain - implications for longevity. Rev Neurosci 2019; 30:581-593. [PMID: 30817309 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2018-0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Methionine is an essential sulphur-containing amino acid involved in protein synthesis, regulation of protein function and methylation reactions. Dietary methionine restriction (0.12-0.17% methionine in food) extends the life span of various animal species and delays the onset of aging-associated diseases and cancers. In the liver, methionine restriction attenuates steatosis and delays the development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis due to antioxidative action and metabolic reprogramming. The limited intake of methionine stimulates the fatty acid oxidation in the liver and the export of lipoproteins as well as inhibits de novo lipogenesis. These effects are mediated by various signaling pathways and effector molecules, including sirtuins, growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 axis, sterol regulatory element binding proteins, adenosine monophosphate-dependent kinase and general control nonderepressible 2 pathway. Additionally, methionine restriction stimulates the synthesis of fibroblast growth factor-21 in the liver, which increases the insulin sensitivity of peripheral tissues. In the brain, methionine restriction delays the onset of neurodegenerative diseases and increases the resistance to various forms of stress through antioxidative effects and alterations in lipid composition. This review aimed to summarize the morphological, functional and molecular changes in the liver and brain caused by the methionine restriction, with possible implications in the prolongation of maximal life span.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dušan Mladenović
- Institute of Pathophysiology 'Ljubodrag Buba Mihailovic', Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 9, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Radosavljević
- Institute of Pathophysiology 'Ljubodrag Buba Mihailovic', Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 9, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragan Hrnčić
- Institute of Medical Physiology 'Richard Burian', Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Višegradska 26/II, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Rasic-Markovic
- Institute of Medical Physiology 'Richard Burian', Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Višegradska 26/II, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Olivera Stanojlović
- Institute of Medical Physiology 'Richard Burian', Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Višegradska 26/II, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Castaño-Martinez T, Schumacher F, Schumacher S, Kochlik B, Weber D, Grune T, Biemann R, McCann A, Abraham K, Weikert C, Kleuser B, Schürmann A, Laeger T. Methionine restriction prevents onset of type 2 diabetes in NZO mice. FASEB J 2019; 33:7092-7102. [PMID: 30841758 PMCID: PMC6529347 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900150r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Dietary methionine restriction (MR) is well known to reduce body weight by increasing energy expenditure (EE) and insulin sensitivity. An elevated concentration of circulating fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) has been implicated as a potential underlying mechanism. The aims of our study were to test whether dietary MR in the context of a high-fat regimen protects against type 2 diabetes in mice and to investigate whether vegan and vegetarian diets, which have naturally low methionine levels, modulate circulating FGF21 in humans. New Zealand obese (NZO) mice, a model for polygenic obesity and type 2 diabetes, were placed on isocaloric high-fat diets (protein, 16 kcal%; carbohydrate, 52 kcal%; fat, 32 kcal%) that provided methionine at control (Con; 0.86% methionine) or low levels (0.17%) for 9 wk. Markers of glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity were analyzed. Among humans, low methionine intake and circulating FGF21 levels were investigated by comparing a vegan and a vegetarian diet to an omnivore diet and evaluating the effect of a short-term vegetarian diet on FGF21 induction. In comparison with the Con group, MR led to elevated plasma FGF21 levels and prevented the onset of hyperglycemia in NZO mice. MR-fed mice exhibited increased insulin sensitivity, higher plasma adiponectin levels, increased EE, and up-regulated expression of thermogenic genes in subcutaneous white adipose tissue. Food intake and fat mass did not change. Plasma FGF21 levels were markedly higher in vegan humans compared with omnivores, and circulating FGF21 levels increased significantly in omnivores after 4 d on a vegetarian diet. These data suggest that MR induces FGF21 and protects NZO mice from high-fat diet–induced glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes. The normoglycemic phenotype in vegans and vegetarians may be caused by induced FGF21. MR akin to vegan and vegetarian diets in humans may offer metabolic benefits via increased circulating levels of FGF21 and merits further investigation.—Castaño-Martinez, T., Schumacher, F., Schumacher, S., Kochlik, B., Weber, D., Grune, T., Biemann, R., McCann, A., Abraham, K., Weikert, C., Kleuser, B., Schürmann, A., Laeger, T. Methionine restriction prevents onset of type 2 diabetes in NZO mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Castaño-Martinez
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Fabian Schumacher
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Toxicology, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Silke Schumacher
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Bastian Kochlik
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.,NutriAct-Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Daniela Weber
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.,NutriAct-Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.,NutriAct-Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Ronald Biemann
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Klaus Abraham
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany; and
| | - Cornelia Weikert
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany; and
| | - Burkhard Kleuser
- Department of Toxicology, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany.,NutriAct-Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Annette Schürmann
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Thomas Laeger
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
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14
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Dietary methionine increased the lipid accumulation in juvenile tiger puffer Takifugu rubripes. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 230:19-28. [PMID: 30677513 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Methionine (Met) is one of the most important amino acids in fish feed. The effects of dietary Met on lipid deposition in fish varied a lot among different studies. The present study was aimed at investigating the effects of dietary Met supplementation on the lipid accumulation in tiger puffer, which have a unique lipid storage pattern. Crystalline L-Met was supplemented to a low-fishmeal control diet to obtain two experimental diets with a low (1.1% of dry weight, L-MET) or high Met level (1.6% of dry weight, H-MET). A 67-day feeding trial was conducted with juvenile tiger puffer (average initial weight, 13.83 g). Each diet was fed to triplicate tanks (30 fish in each tank). The results showed that the total lipid contents in whole-body and liver significantly increased with increasing dietary Met levels. The hepatosomatic index, weight gain, and total bile acid content in serum showed similar patterns in response to dietary Met treatments, while the lipid content in muscle was not affected. The hepatic contents of 18-carbon fatty acids were elevated by dietary Met supplementation. The Hepatic mRNA expression of lipogenetic gene such as FAS, GPAT, PPARγ, ACLY, and SCD1 was down-regulated, while the gene expression of lipolytic genes ACOX1 and HSL, as well as that of ApoB100, were up-regulated by increasing dietary Met levels. The hepatic lipidomics of experimental fish was also analyzed. In conclusion, increasing dietary Met levels (0.61%, 1.10%, and 1.60%) increased the hepatic lipid accumulation in tiger puffer. The mechanisms involved warrant further studies.
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15
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Yin J, Ren W, Chen S, Li Y, Han H, Gao J, Liu G, Wu X, Li T, Woo Kim S, Yin Y. Metabolic Regulation of Methionine Restriction in Diabetes. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1700951. [PMID: 29603632 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although the effects of dietary methionine restriction have been investigated in the physiology of aging and diseases related to oxidative stress, the relationship between methionine restriction (MR) and the development of metabolic disorders has not been explored extensively. This review summarizes studies of the possible involvement of dietary methionine restriction in improving insulin resistance, glucose homeostasis, oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), and inflammation, with an emphasis on the fibroblast growth factor 21 and protein phosphatase 2A signals and autophagy in diabetes. Diets deficient in methionine may be a useful nutritional strategy in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR, China
| | - Wenkai Ren
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product, Safety of Ministry of Education of China, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR, China
| | - Yuying Li
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR, China
| | - Hui Han
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, PR, China
| | - Tiejun Li
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, PR, China
| | - Sung Woo Kim
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Yulong Yin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, PR, China
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16
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Forney LA, Stone KP, Wanders D, Gettys TW. Sensing and signaling mechanisms linking dietary methionine restriction to the behavioral and physiological components of the response. Front Neuroendocrinol 2018; 51:36-45. [PMID: 29274999 PMCID: PMC6013330 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dietary methionine restriction (MR) is implemented using a semi-purified diet that reduces methionine by ∼80% and eliminates dietary cysteine. Within hours of its introduction, dietary MR initiates coordinated series of transcriptional programs and physiological responses that include increased energy intake and expenditure, decreased adiposity, enhanced insulin sensitivity, and reduction in circulating and tissue lipids. Significant progress has been made in cataloguing the physiological responses to MR in males but not females, but identities of the sensing and communication networks that orchestrate these responses remain poorly understood. Recent work has implicated hepatic FGF21 as an important mediator of MR, but it is clear that other mechanisms are also involved. The goal of this review is to explore the temporal and spatial organization of the responses to dietary MR as a model for understanding how nutrient sensing systems function to integrate complex transcriptional, physiological, and behavioral responses to changes in dietary composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Forney
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing and Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, United States
| | - Kirsten P Stone
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing and Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, United States
| | - Desiree Wanders
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, United States
| | - Thomas W Gettys
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing and Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, United States.
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17
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Song YF, Gao Y, Hogstrand C, Li DD, Pan YX, Luo Z. Upstream regulators of apoptosis mediates methionine-induced changes of lipid metabolism. Cell Signal 2018; 51:176-190. [PMID: 30099089 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Although the role of methionine (Met), as precursor for l-carnitine synthesis, in the regulation of lipid metabolism has been explored. Met seems to have tissue- and species-specific regulatory effect on lipid metabolism, implying that the mechanisms in Met regulation of lipid metabolism is complex and may involve the upstream regulatory pathway of lipid metabolism. The present study was performed to determine the mechanism of apoptosis signaling pathways mediating Met-induced changes of hepatic lipid deposition and metabolism in fish, and compare the differences of the mechanisms between the fish and mammals. By iTRAQ-based quantitative proteome analyses, we found that both dietary Met deficiency and excess evoked apoptosis signaling pathways, increased hepatic lipid deposition and caused aberrant hepatic lipid metabolism of yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Using primary hepatocytes from P. fulvidraco, inhibition of caspase by Z-VAD-FMK blocked the apoptotic signaling pathways with a concomitant reversal of Met deficiency- and excess-induced increase of lipid deposition, indicating that apoptosis involved the Met-mediated changes of hepatic lipid metabolism. Moreover, we explored the roles of three upstream apoptotic signaling pathways (PI3K/AKT-TOR pathway, cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway and LKB1/AMPK-FOXO pathway) influencing hepatic lipid metabolism of P. fulvidraco. The three upstream pathways participated in apoptosis mediating Met-induced changes of lipid metabolism in P. fulvidraco. At last, HepG2 cell line was used to compare the similarities of mechanisms in apoptosis mediating Met-induced changes of lipid metabolism between fish and mammals. Although several slight differences existed, apoptosis mediated the Met-induced changes of lipid metabolism between fish and mammals. The present study reveals novel apoptosis-relevant signal transduction axis which mediates the Met-induced changes of lipid metabolism, which will help understand the mechanistic link between apoptosis and lipid metabolism, and highlight the importance of the evolutionary conservative apoptosis signaling axis in regulating Met-induced changes of hepatic lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Feng Song
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Christer Hogstrand
- Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Division, School of Medicine, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Dan-Dan Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ya-Xiong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Health Production of Fisheries in Hunan Province, Changde 415000, China.
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18
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Yu D, Yang SE, Miller BR, Wisinski JA, Sherman DS, Brinkman JA, Tomasiewicz JL, Cummings NE, Kimple ME, Cryns VL, Lamming DW. Short-term methionine deprivation improves metabolic health via sexually dimorphic, mTORC1-independent mechanisms. FASEB J 2018; 32:3471-3482. [PMID: 29401631 PMCID: PMC5956241 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201701211r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and diabetes are major challenges to global health, and there is an urgent need for interventions that promote weight loss. Dietary restriction of methionine promotes leanness and improves metabolic health in mice and humans. However, poor long-term adherence to this diet limits its translational potential. In this study, we develop a short-term methionine deprivation (MD) regimen that preferentially reduces fat mass, restoring normal body weight and glycemic control to diet-induced obese mice of both sexes. The benefits of MD do not accrue from calorie restriction, but instead result from increased energy expenditure. MD promotes increased energy expenditure in a sex-specific manner, inducing the fibroblast growth factor (Fgf)-21-uncoupling protein (Ucp)-1 axis only in males. Methionine is an agonist of the protein kinase mechanistic target of rapamycin complex (mTORC)-1, which has been proposed to play a key role in the metabolic response to amino acid-restricted diets. In our study, we used a mouse model of constitutive hepatic mTORC1 activity and demonstrate that suppression of hepatic mTORC1 signaling is not required for the metabolic effects of MD. Our study sheds new light on the mechanisms by which dietary methionine regulates metabolic health and demonstrates the translational potential of MD for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes.-Yu, D., Yang, S. E., Miller, B. R., Wisinski, J. A., Sherman, D. S., Brinkman, J. A., Tomasiewicz, J. L., Cummings, N. E., Kimple, M. E., Cryns, V. L., Lamming, D. W. Short-term methionine deprivation improves metabolic health via sexually dimorphic, mTORC1-independent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyang Yu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Shany E. Yang
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Blake R. Miller
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jaclyn A. Wisinski
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, La Crosse, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Dawn S. Sherman
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jacqueline A. Brinkman
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jay L. Tomasiewicz
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Nicole E. Cummings
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Graduate Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; and
| | - Michelle E. Kimple
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Graduate Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; and
| | - Vincent L. Cryns
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Dudley W. Lamming
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Graduate Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; and
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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19
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Wanders D, Forney LA, Stone KP, Burk DH, Pierse A, Gettys TW. FGF21 Mediates the Thermogenic and Insulin-Sensitizing Effects of Dietary Methionine Restriction but Not Its Effects on Hepatic Lipid Metabolism. Diabetes 2017; 66:858-867. [PMID: 28096260 PMCID: PMC5360300 DOI: 10.2337/db16-1212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Dietary methionine restriction (MR) produces a rapid and persistent remodeling of white adipose tissue (WAT), an increase in energy expenditure (EE), and enhancement of insulin sensitivity. Recent work established that hepatic expression of FGF21 is robustly increased by MR. Fgf21-/- mice were used to test whether FGF21 is an essential mediator of the physiological effects of dietary MR. The MR-induced increase in energy intake and EE and activation of thermogenesis in WAT and brown adipose tissue were lost in Fgf21-/- mice. However, dietary MR produced a comparable reduction in body weight and adiposity in both genotypes because of a negative effect of MR on energy intake in Fgf21-/- mice. Despite the similar loss in weight, dietary MR produced a more significant increase in in vivo insulin sensitivity in wild-type than in Fgf21-/- mice, particularly in heart and inguinal WAT. In contrast, the ability of MR to regulate lipogenic and integrated stress response genes in liver was not compromised in Fgf21-/- mice. Collectively, these findings illustrate that FGF21 is a critical mediator of the effects of dietary MR on EE, remodeling of WAT, and increased insulin sensitivity but not of its effects on hepatic gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desiree Wanders
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Laura A Forney
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing and Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA
| | - Kirsten P Stone
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing and Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA
| | - David H Burk
- Cell Biology & Bioimaging Core, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA
| | - Alicia Pierse
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing and Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA
| | - Thomas W Gettys
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing and Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA
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20
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Forney LA, Wanders D, Stone KP, Pierse A, Gettys TW. Concentration-dependent linkage of dietary methionine restriction to the components of its metabolic phenotype. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2017; 25:730-738. [PMID: 28261952 PMCID: PMC5373958 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Restricting dietary methionine to 0.17% produces a series of physiological responses through coordinated transcriptional effects in liver and adipose tissue. The goal of the present work was to determine the threshold concentrations above and below 0.17% at which the beneficial responses to 0.17% dietary methionine are preserved. METHODS Diets were formulated to restrict methionine to different degrees, followed by evaluation of the transcriptional and physiological responses to the different diets. RESULTS Restriction of dietary methionine to 0.25%, but not 0.34%, was partially effective in reproducing the metabolic phenotype produced by restriction of methionine to 0.17%, while restriction of methionine to 0.12% reproduced the responses produced by restriction to 0.17% but failed to support growth and caused excessive weight loss. Restriction beyond 0.12% initiated responses characteristic of essential amino acid deprivation including food aversion and rapid weight loss. CONCLUSIONS Restriction of dietary methionine to levels above 0.25% was without effect, while restriction to levels below 0.12% produced responses characteristic of essential amino acid deprivation. In addition, although restriction of dietary methionine to 0.12% did not evoke essential amino acid deprivation responses, it provided insufficient methionine to support growth. The ideal range of dietary methionine restriction was from 0.17% to 0.25%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A. Forney
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing & Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA
| | - Desiree Wanders
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Kirsten P. Stone
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing & Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA
| | - Alicia Pierse
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing & Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA
| | - Thomas W. Gettys
- Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing & Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA
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21
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Martins FF, Bargut TCL, Aguila MB, Mandarim-de-Lacerda CA. Thermogenesis, fatty acid synthesis with oxidation, and inflammation in the brown adipose tissue of ob/ob (−/−) mice. Ann Anat 2017; 210:44-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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22
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Henagan TM, Laeger T, Navard AM, Albarado D, Noland RC, Stadler K, Elks CM, Burk D, Morrison CD. Hepatic autophagy contributes to the metabolic response to dietary protein restriction. Metabolism 2016; 65:805-15. [PMID: 27173459 PMCID: PMC4867053 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2016.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is an essential cellular response which acts to release stored cellular substrates during nutrient restriction, and particularly plays a key role in the cellular response to amino acid restriction. However, there has been limited work testing whether the induction of autophagy is required for adaptive metabolic responses to dietary protein restriction in the whole animal. Here, we found that moderate dietary protein restriction led to a series of metabolic changes in rats, including increases in food intake and energy expenditure, the downregulation of hepatic fatty acid synthesis gene expression and reduced markers of hepatic mitochondrial number. Importantly, these effects were also associated with an induction of hepatic autophagy. To determine if the induction of autophagy contributes to these metabolic effects, we tested the metabolic response to dietary protein restriction in BCL2-AAA mice, which bear a genetic mutation that impairs autophagy induction. Interestingly, BCL2-AAA mice exhibit exaggerated responses in terms of both food intake and energy expenditure, whereas the effects of protein restriction on hepatic metabolism were significantly blunted. These data demonstrate that restriction of dietary protein is sufficient to trigger hepatic autophagy, and that disruption of autophagy significantly alters both hepatic and whole animal metabolic response to dietary protein restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara M Henagan
- Neurosignaling, Imaging and Culture Core, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808
| | - Thomas Laeger
- Neurosignaling, Imaging and Culture Core, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808
| | - Alexandra M Navard
- Neurosignaling, Imaging and Culture Core, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808
| | - Diana Albarado
- Neurosignaling, Imaging and Culture Core, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808
| | - Robert C Noland
- Skeletal Muscle Metabolism, Imaging and Culture Core, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808
| | - Krisztian Stadler
- Oxidative Stress and Disease, Imaging and Culture Core, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808
| | - Carrie M Elks
- Matrix Biology, Imaging and Culture Core, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808
| | - David Burk
- Cell Biology, Imaging and Culture Core, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808
| | - Christopher D Morrison
- Neurosignaling, Imaging and Culture Core, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808.
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23
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Zhou X, He L, Wan D, Yang H, Yao K, Wu G, Wu X, Yin Y. Methionine restriction on lipid metabolism and its possible mechanisms. Amino Acids 2016; 48:1533-40. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-016-2247-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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