1
|
Jomova K, Alomar SY, Alwasel SH, Nepovimova E, Kuca K, Valko M. Several lines of antioxidant defense against oxidative stress: antioxidant enzymes, nanomaterials with multiple enzyme-mimicking activities, and low-molecular-weight antioxidants. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:1323-1367. [PMID: 38483584 PMCID: PMC11303474 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03696-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are well recognized for playing a dual role, since they can be either deleterious or beneficial to biological systems. An imbalance between ROS production and elimination is termed oxidative stress, a critical factor and common denominator of many chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, neurological disorders (Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases), and other disorders. To counteract the harmful effects of ROS, organisms have evolved a complex, three-line antioxidant defense system. The first-line defense mechanism is the most efficient and involves antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). This line of defense plays an irreplaceable role in the dismutation of superoxide radicals (O2•-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The removal of superoxide radicals by SOD prevents the formation of the much more damaging peroxynitrite ONOO- (O2•- + NO• → ONOO-) and maintains the physiologically relevant level of nitric oxide (NO•), an important molecule in neurotransmission, inflammation, and vasodilation. The second-line antioxidant defense pathway involves exogenous diet-derived small-molecule antioxidants. The third-line antioxidant defense is ensured by the repair or removal of oxidized proteins and other biomolecules by a variety of enzyme systems. This review briefly discusses the endogenous (mitochondria, NADPH, xanthine oxidase (XO), Fenton reaction) and exogenous (e.g., smoking, radiation, drugs, pollution) sources of ROS (superoxide radical, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical, peroxyl radical, hypochlorous acid, peroxynitrite). Attention has been given to the first-line antioxidant defense system provided by SOD, CAT, and GPx. The chemical and molecular mechanisms of antioxidant enzymes, enzyme-related diseases (cancer, cardiovascular, lung, metabolic, and neurological diseases), and the role of enzymes (e.g., GPx4) in cellular processes such as ferroptosis are discussed. Potential therapeutic applications of enzyme mimics and recent progress in metal-based (copper, iron, cobalt, molybdenum, cerium) and nonmetal (carbon)-based nanomaterials with enzyme-like activities (nanozymes) are also discussed. Moreover, attention has been given to the mechanisms of action of low-molecular-weight antioxidants (vitamin C (ascorbate), vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol), carotenoids (e.g., β-carotene, lycopene, lutein), flavonoids (e.g., quercetin, anthocyanins, epicatechin), and glutathione (GSH)), the activation of transcription factors such as Nrf2, and the protection against chronic diseases. Given that there is a discrepancy between preclinical and clinical studies, approaches that may result in greater pharmacological and clinical success of low-molecular-weight antioxidant therapies are also subject to discussion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Jomova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine The Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, 949 74, Slovakia
| | - Suliman Y Alomar
- Doping Research Chair, Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh H Alwasel
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Hradec Kralove, 50005, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Hradec Kralove, 50005, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Marian Valko
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Oropeza-Almazán Y, Blatter LA. Role of Mitochondrial ROS for Calcium Alternans in Atrial Myocytes. Biomolecules 2024; 14:144. [PMID: 38397381 PMCID: PMC10887423 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Atrial calcium transient (CaT) alternans is defined as beat-to-beat alternations in CaT amplitude and is causally linked to atrial fibrillation (AF). Mitochondria play a significant role in cardiac excitation-contraction coupling and Ca signaling through redox environment regulation. In isolated rabbit atrial myocytes, ROS production is enhanced during CaT alternans, measured by fluorescence microscopy. Exogenous ROS (tert-butyl hydroperoxide) enhanced CaT alternans, whereas ROS scavengers (dithiothreitol, MnTBAP, quercetin, tempol) alleviated CaT alternans. While the inhibition of cellular NADPH oxidases had no effect on CaT alternans, interference with mitochondrial ROS (ROSm) production had profound effects: (1) the superoxide dismutase mimetic MitoTempo diminished CaT alternans and shifted the pacing threshold to higher frequencies; (2) the inhibition of cyt c peroxidase by SS-31, and inhibitors of ROSm production by complexes of the electron transport chain S1QEL1.1 and S3QEL2, decreased the severity of CaT alternans; however (3) the impairment of mitochondrial antioxidant defense by the inhibition of nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase with NBD-Cl and thioredoxin reductase-2 with auranofin enhanced CaT alternans. Our results suggest that intact mitochondrial antioxidant defense provides crucial protection against pro-arrhythmic CaT alternans. Thus, modulating the mitochondrial redox state represents a potential therapeutic approach for alternans-associated arrhythmias, including AF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lothar A. Blatter
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University Medical Center, 1750 W. Harrison St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang S, Yang Y, Lv X, Liu W, Zhu S, Wang Y, Xu H. Unraveling the Intricate Roles of Exosomes in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Comprehensive Review of Physiological Significance and Pathological Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15677. [PMID: 37958661 PMCID: PMC10650316 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes, as potent intercellular communication tools, have garnered significant attention due to their unique cargo-carrying capabilities, which enable them to influence diverse physiological and pathological functions. Extensive research has illuminated the biogenesis, secretion, and functions of exosomes. These vesicles are secreted by cells in different states, exerting either protective or harmful biological functions. Emerging evidence highlights their role in cardiovascular disease (CVD) by mediating comprehensive interactions among diverse cell types. This review delves into the significant impacts of exosomes on CVD under stress and disease conditions, including coronary artery disease (CAD), myocardial infarction, heart failure, and other cardiomyopathies. Focusing on the cellular signaling and mechanisms, we explore how exosomes mediate multifaceted interactions, particularly contributing to endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in CVD pathogenesis. Additionally, exosomes show great promise as biomarkers, reflecting differential expressions of NcRNAs (miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs), and as therapeutic carriers for targeted CVD treatment. However, the specific regulatory mechanisms governing exosomes in CVD remain incomplete, necessitating further exploration of their characteristics and roles in various CVD-related contexts. This comprehensive review aims to provide novel insights into the biological implications of exosomes in CVD and offer innovative perspectives on the diagnosis and treatment of CVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ying Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (S.Z.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (W.L.); (S.Z.)
| | - Hongfei Xu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (S.Z.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (W.L.); (S.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu S, Liao S, Liang L, Deng J, Zhou Y. The relationship between CD4 + T cell glycolysis and their functions. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2023; 34:345-360. [PMID: 37061430 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
CD4+ T cells are effector T cells (Teffs) produced by the differentiation of initial T cells in peripheral lymphoid tissue after being attacked by antigens, and have an indispensable role in the development and activation of B cells and CD8+ T cells to regulate and assist immunity. In this review, we provide a new perspective on the relationship between CD4+ T cell glycolysis and its function. We summarize the effects of changes in the glycolysis level of CD4+ T cells on their activation, differentiation, proliferation, and survival. In addition, we emphasize that regulation of the glycolysis level of CD4+ T cells changes their inflammatory phenotypes and function. The study of immune metabolism has received more attention recently, but more work is needed to answer many open questions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Shan Liao
- Department of Pathology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Lin Liang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jun Deng
- Department of Early Clinical Trial Center, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
The Use of Thiocyanate Formulations to Create Manganese Porphyrin Antioxidants That Supplement Innate Immunity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071252. [PMID: 35883743 PMCID: PMC9311894 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The innate immune response to infection results in inflammation and oxidative damage, creating a paradox where most anti-inflammatory and antioxidant therapies can further suppress an already inadequate immune response. We have previously reported the beneficial effects of the exogenous supplementation of innate immunity with small pseudohalide thiocyanate (−SCN) in a mouse model of a cystic fibrosis (CF) lung infection and inflammation. The object of this study was to evaluate the use of −SCN as a counter anion for cationic manganese porphyrin (MnP) catalytic antioxidants, which could increase the parent compound’s antioxidant spectrum against hypohalous acids while supplementing innate immunity. The antioxidant activities of the parent compound were examined, as its chloride salt was compared with the −SCN-anion exchanged compound, (MnP(SCN) versus MnP(Cl)). We measured the superoxide dismutase activity spectrophotometrically and performed hydrogen peroxide scavenging using oxygen and hydrogen peroxide electrodes. Peroxidase activity was measured using an amplex red assay. The inhibition of lipid peroxidation was assessed using a thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) assay. The effects of the MnP compounds on macrophage phagocytosis were assessed by flow cytometry. The abilities of the MnP(Cl) formulations to protect human bronchiolar epithelial cells against hypochlorite (HOCl) and glycine chloramine versus their MnP(SCN) formulations were assessed using a cell viability assay. We found that anions exchanging out the chloride for −SCN improved the cellular bioavailability but did not adversely affect the cell viability or phagocytosis and that they switched hydrogen-peroxide scavenging from a dismutation reaction to a peroxidase reaction. In addition, the −SCN formulations improved the ability of MnPs to protect human bronchiolar epithelial cells against hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and glycine chloramine toxicity. These novel types of antioxidants may be more beneficial in treating lung disease that is associated with chronic infections or acute infectious exacerbations.
Collapse
|
6
|
Ostróżka-Cieślik A, Dolińska B, Ryszka F. Effect of Manganese on the Efficacy of Preservative Solution in Protecting Isolated Porcine Kidneys. Transplant Proc 2022; 54:874-877. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2022.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
7
|
Yang B, Yao H, Yang J, Chen C, Guo Y, Fu H, Shi J. In Situ Synthesis of Natural Antioxidase Mimics for Catalytic Anti-Inflammatory Treatments: Rheumatoid Arthritis as an Example. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:314-330. [PMID: 34881869 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c09993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Mimicking the coordination geometry of the active metal sites of natural enzymes is an efficient strategy in designing therapeutic chemicals with enzymelike in vivo reaction thermodynamics and kinetics. In this study, this chemical concept has been applied for the in situ synthesis of natural antioxidase mimics for catalytic anti-inflammatory treatment by using rheumatoid arthritis, a common and hardly curable immune-mediated diseases, as an example. Briefly, a composite nanomedicine has been first constructed by loading cationic porphyrin ligands into a manganese-engineered mesoporous silica nanocarrier, which can respond to a mildly acidic environment to concurrently release manganous ions and porphyrin ligands, enabling their subsequent coordination and synthesis of manganese porphyrin with a coordination environment of an active Mn site similar to those of the metal sites in natural superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase. Due to the strong metal-ligand exchange coupling enabled by the N-ethylpyridinium-2-yl groups tetrasubstituted in the meso positions of N4-macroheterocycles, such a manganese porphyrin presents the SOD-like activity of disproportionating superoxide anions via outer-sphere proton-coupled one-electron transfer (diaquamanganese(III)/monoaquamanganese(II) cycling), as well as the catalase-like activity of disproportionating hydrogen peroxide via inner-sphere proton-coupled two-electron transfer (diaquamanganese(III)/dioxomanganese(V) cycling). Cellular experiments demonstrated the high antioxidative efficacy of the composite nanomedicine in M1 macrophages by promoting their polarization shift to the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. Equally importantly, the silicon-containing oligomers released from the manganese silicate nanocarrier can act as heterogeneous nucleation centers of hydroxyapatite for facilitating biomineralization by bone mesenchymal stem cells. Finally, an in vivo adjuvant-induced arthritis animal model further reveals the high efficacy of the nanomedicine in treating rheumatoid arthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Heliang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China
| | - Jiacai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Chang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yuedong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Hao Fu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China
| | - Jianlin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China
- Tenth People's Hospital and School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li J, Wei J, Gao Z, Yin G, Li H. The oxidative reactivity of three manganese(III) porphyrin complexes with hydrogen peroxide and nitrite toward catalytic nitration of protein tyrosine. Metallomics 2021; 13:6134099. [PMID: 33576808 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfab005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the toxicological properties of MnIII-porphyrins (MnTPPS, MnTMPyP, or MnTBAP) can provide important biochemical rationales in developing them as the therapeutic drugs against protein tyrosine nitration-induced inflammation diseases. Here, we present a comprehensive understanding of the pH-dependent redox behaviors of these MnIII-porphyrins and their structural effects on catalyzing bovine serum albumin (BSA) nitration in the presence of H2O2 and NO2-. It was found that both MnTPPS and MnTBAP stand out in catalyzing BSA nitration at physiologically close condition (pH 8), yet they are less effective at pH 6 and 10. MnTMPyP was shown to have no ability to catalyze BSA nitration under all tested pHs (pH 6, 8, and 10). The kinetics and active intermediate determination through electrochemistry method revealed that both the pH-dependent redox behavior of the central metal cation and the antioxidant capability of porphin derivative contribute to the catalytic activities of three MnIII-porphyrins in BSA nitration in the presence of H2O2/NO2-. These comprehensive studies on the oxidative reactivity of MnIII-porphyrins toward BSA nitration may provide new clues for searching the manganese-based therapeutic drugs against the inflammation-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Li
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Wei
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Zhonghong Gao
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Guochuan Yin
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Hailing Li
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Xu Q, Zhan G, Zhang Z, Yong T, Yang X, Gan L. Manganese porphyrin-based metal-organic framework for synergistic sonodynamic therapy and ferroptosis in hypoxic tumors. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:1937-1952. [PMID: 33408790 PMCID: PMC7778611 DOI: 10.7150/thno.45511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of efficient therapeutic strategy to incorporate ultrasound (US)-triggered sonodynamic therapy (SDT) and ferroptosis is highly promising in cancer therapy. However, the SDT efficacy is severely limited by the hypoxia and high glutathione (GSH) in the tumor microenvironment, and ferroptosis is highly associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) and GSH depletion. Methods: A manganese porphyrin-based metal-organic framework (Mn-MOF) was constructed as a nanosensitizer to self-supply oxygen (O2) and decrease GSH for enhanced SDT and ferroptosis. In vitro and in vivo analysis, including characterization, O2 generation, GSH depletion, ROS generation, lipid peroxidation, antitumor efficacy and tumor immune microenvironment were systematically evaluated. Results: Mn-MOF exhibited catalase-like and GSH decreasing activity in vitro. After efficient internalization into cancer cells, Mn-MOF persistently catalyzed tumor-overexpressed H2O2 to in-situ produce O2 to relieve tumor hypoxia and decrease GSH and GPX4, which facilitated the formation of ROS and ferroptosis to kill cancer cells upon US irradiation in hypoxic tumors. Thus, strong anticancer and anti-metastatic activity was found in H22 and 4T1 tumor-bearing mice after a single administration of Mn-MOF upon a single US irradiation. In addition, Mn-MOF showed strong antitumor immunity and improved immunosuppressive microenvironment upon US irradiation by increasing the numbers of activated CD8+ T cells and matured dendritic cells and decreaing the numbers of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in tumor tissues. Conclusions: Mn-MOF holds great potential for hypoxic cancer therapy.
Collapse
|
10
|
Kiskurno S, Ryan RM, Paturi B, Wang H, Kumar VH. Antioxidant MnTBAP does not protect adult mice from neonatal hyperoxic lung injury. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2020; 282:103545. [PMID: 32927098 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2020.103545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxygen therapy and mechanical ventilation are important predisposing factors for the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), leading to increased morbidity and mortality in premature infants. Oxygen toxicity mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) may play an important part in the development of BPD. We studied the effects of MnTBAP, a catalytic antioxidant on airway responsiveness and alveolar simplification in adult mice following neonatal hyperoxia. METHODS Mice litters were randomized to 85 %O2 or room air (RA) on D3 for 12 days to receive either MnTBAP (10 mg/kg/d) or saline intraperitoneally. Methacholine challenge (MCC) performed at 8 and 12 weeks of age by whole-body plethysmography to assess airway reactivity. Alveolarization quantified on lung sections by radial alveolar count (RAC) and mean linear intercept (MLI). Cell counts assessed from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) performed at 15 weeks. RESULTS Mice exposed to hyperoxia and MnTBAP (OXMN) had significantly higher airway reactivity post-MCC at 8 weeks compared to RA and O2 groups. At 12 weeks, airway reactivity was higher post-MCC in both hyperoxia and OXMN groups. MnTBAP did not attenuate hyperoxia-induced airway reactivity in adult mice. Hyperoxia exposed mice demonstrated large and distended alveoli on histopathology at 2 and 15 weeks. MnTBAP did not ameliorate hyperoxia-induced lung injury as assessed by RAC/MLI. Absolute lymphocyte count was significantly higher in BAL in the hyperoxia and OXMN groups. CONCLUSIONS MnTBAP, a catalytic antioxidant, did not afford protection from hyperoxia-induced lung injury in adult mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergei Kiskurno
- Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Rita M Ryan
- Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Babu Paturi
- Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Huamei Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Coates JTT, Rodriguez-Berriguete G, Puliyadi R, Ashton T, Prevo R, Wing A, Granata G, Pirovano G, McKenna GW, Higgins GS. The anti-malarial drug atovaquone potentiates platinum-mediated cancer cell death by increasing oxidative stress. Cell Death Discov 2020; 6:110. [PMID: 33133645 PMCID: PMC7591508 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-020-00343-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Platinum chemotherapies are highly effective cytotoxic agents but often induce resistance when used as monotherapies. Combinatorial strategies limit this risk and provide effective treatment options for many cancers. Here, we repurpose atovaquone (ATQ), a well-tolerated & FDA-approved anti-malarial agent by demonstrating that it potentiates cancer cell death of a subset of platinums. We show that ATQ in combination with carboplatin or cisplatin induces striking and repeatable concentration- and time-dependent cell death sensitization in vitro across a variety of cancer cell lines. ATQ induces mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS), depleting intracellular glutathione (GSH) pools in a concentration-dependent manner. The superoxide dismutase mimetic MnTBAP rescues ATQ-induced mROS production and pre-loading cells with the GSH prodrug N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) abrogates the sensitization. Together, these findings implicate ATQ-induced oxidative stress as key mediator of the sensitizing effect. At physiologically achievable concentrations, ATQ and carboplatin furthermore synergistically delay the growth of three-dimensional avascular spheroids. Clinically, ATQ is a safe and specific inhibitor of the electron transport chain (ETC) and is concurrently being repurposed as a candidate tumor hypoxia modifier. Together, these findings suggest that ATQ is deserving of further study as a candidate platinum sensitizing agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rathi Puliyadi
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Thomas Ashton
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Remko Prevo
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Archie Wing
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Paturi B, Ryan RM, Nielsen L, Wang H, Kumar VHS. Effects of antioxidant MnTBAP on angiogenesis in newborn mice with hyperoxic lung injury. J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2020; 14:53-60. [PMID: 32804105 DOI: 10.3233/npm-200483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxygen toxicity mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays an essential role in the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants. By reducing oxidative stress, antioxidants protect the immature lung. We studied the effects of MnTBAP, a catalytic antioxidant on angiogenesis and alveolar growth following neonatal hyperoxia. METHODS Newborn mouse litters randomized to room air (RA) or >95% O2 for 72 hours from day 4 (D4) to D7 to receive either MnTBAP (10 mg/kg/d) or saline intraperitoneally (every 24 h for three doses). Lungs harvested for angiogenic gene expression, protein expression, and histopathology post-hyperoxia exposure. Radial alveolar count (RAC), mean linear intercept (MLI) and vessel density assessed by histopathology. RESULTS Angiogenic gene expression was significantly lower in the hyperoxia group compared to the RA group. The protein expression for VEGF and its receptor, VEGFR1, was significantly lower following treatment with MnTBAP compared to hyperoxia alone. Expression of VEGFR2, Angiopoietin-1 and TIE2, were substantially higher in the RA groups compared to hyperoxia groups with or without MnTBAP. Hyperoxia groups demonstrated alveolar simplification. MnTBAP reduced vessel density and failed to improve alveolar growth following hyperoxia. CONCLUSIONS MnTBAP, a catalytic antioxidant, does not offer protection from hyperoxia-induced alveolar impairment. The lack of angiogenic upregulation by MnTBAP may contribute to alveolar simplification in newborn mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Paturi
- Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - R M Ryan
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - L Nielsen
- Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - H Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - V H S Kumar
- Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cao X, Luo D, Li T, Huang Z, Zou W, Wang L, Lian K, Lin D. MnTBAP inhibits bone loss in ovariectomized rats by reducing mitochondrial oxidative stress in osteoblasts. J Bone Miner Metab 2020; 38:27-37. [PMID: 31493249 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-019-01038-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of postmenopausal osteoporosis is thought to be closely related to oxidative stress. Mn(III)tetrakis (4-benzoic acid) porphyrin (MnTBAP), a novel superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic, could protect osteoblasts from cytotoxicity and dysfunction caused by oxidative stress. However, it is still unclear whether MnTBAP has effect on the development of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Here, we demonstrated that MnTBAP can inhibit bone mass loss and bone microarchitecture alteration, and increase the number of osteoblasts while reducing osteoclasts number, as well as improve the BMP-2 expression level in ovariectomized rat model. Additionally, MnTBAP can also prevent oxidative stress status up-regulation induced by ovariotomy and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Furthermore, MnTBAP reduced the effect of oxidative stress on osteoblasts differentiation and increased BMP-2 expression levels with a dose-dependent manner, via reducing the levels of mitochondrial oxidative stress in osteoblasts. Taken together, our findings provide new insights that MnTBAP inhibits bone loss in ovariectomized rats by reducing mitochondrial oxidative stress in osteoblasts, and maybe a potential drug in postmenopausal osteoporosis therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangchang Cao
- Huangshi Central Hospital (Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University), Edong Healthcare Group, Huangshi, China
| | - Deqing Luo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Southeast Hospital of Xiamen University, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Teng Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Southeast Hospital of Xiamen University, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Zunxian Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Southeast Hospital of Xiamen University, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Weitao Zou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Southeast Hospital of Xiamen University, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Southeast Hospital of Xiamen University, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Kejian Lian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Southeast Hospital of Xiamen University, Zhangzhou, China.
| | - Dasheng Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Southeast Hospital of Xiamen University, Zhangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang C, Hao X, Chang J, Geng Z, Wang Z. Mn-TAT PTD-Ngb attenuates oxidative injury by an enhanced ROS scavenging ability and the regulation of redox signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2019; 9:20103. [PMID: 31882813 PMCID: PMC6934865 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56595-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurological diseases have a close relationship to excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS). Neuroglobin (Ngb), an intrinsic protective factor, protected cells from hypoxic/ischemic injury. In the present, we reported a novel neuroprotective manganese porphyrin reconstituted metal protein, Mn-TAT PTD-Ngb, consisting of a HIV Tat protein transduction domain sequence (TAT PTD) attached to the N-terminal of apo-Ngb. Mn-TAT PTD-Ngb had a stronger ROS scavenging ability than that of TAT PTD-Ngb, and reduced intracellular ROS production and restored the function of the mitochondria and inhibited the mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. Besides, Mn-TAT PTD-Ngb activated the phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway, which up-regulated the expression of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT). The results showed that the redox chemistry of Mn-TAT PTD-Ngb and redox regulation of multiple signaling pathways attenuated the oxidative injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cui Zhang
- State key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China
| | - Xuehui Hao
- State key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China
| | - Jiaying Chang
- State key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China
| | - Zhirong Geng
- State key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China.
| | - Zhilin Wang
- State key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Niharika Anand, Yadava S, Chaurasia PK, Bharati SL. Synthesis of a Novel Manganese(III) Porphyrin and Its Catalytic Role in Selective Oxidation of Aromatic Alcohols. RUSS J INORG CHEM+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s003602361909002x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
16
|
Zhang T, Fang J, Tsutsuki H, Ono K, Islam W, Sawa T. Synthesis of Pegylated Manganese Protoporphyrin as a Catalase Mimic and Its Therapeutic Application to Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Failure. Biol Pharm Bull 2019; 42:1199-1206. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b19-00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tianli Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Jun Fang
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Oncology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University
| | - Hiroyasu Tsutsuki
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Katsuhiko Ono
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Waliul Islam
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Tomohiro Sawa
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pearson-Smith JN, Patel M. Antioxidant drug therapy as a neuroprotective countermeasure of nerve agent toxicity. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 133:104457. [PMID: 31028872 PMCID: PMC7721294 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of chemical warfare agents is an ongoing, significant threat to both civilians and military personnel worldwide. Nerve agents are by far the most formidable toxicants in terms of their lethality and toxicity. Nerve agents initiate neurotoxicity by the irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and resultant accumulation of acetylcholine in excitable tissues. The cholinergic toxidrome presents as miosis, lacrimation, diarrhea, fasciculations, seizures, respiratory arrest and coma. Current medical countermeasures can attenuate acute mortality and confer limited protection against secondary neuronal injury when given rapidly after exposure. However, there is an urgent need for the development of novel, add-on neuroprotective therapies to prevent mortality and long-term toxicity of nerve agents. Increasing evidence suggests that pathways other than direct acetylcholinesterase inhibition contribute to neurotoxicity and secondary neuronal injury. Among these, oxidative stress is emerging as a key therapeutic target for nerve agent toxicity. In this review, we discuss the rationale for targeting oxidative stress in nerve agent toxicity and highlight research investigating antioxidant therapy as a neuroprotective medical countermeasure to attenuate oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer N Pearson-Smith
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 80045, United States of America
| | - Manisha Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 80045, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Circulating Exosomes Isolated from Septic Mice Induce Cardiovascular Hyperpermeability Through Promoting Podosome Cluster Formation. Shock 2019. [PMID: 28650928 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000000928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Septic shock increases vascular permeability, leading to multiple organ failure including cardiac dysfunction, a major contributor to septic death. Podosome, an actin-based dynamic membrane structure, plays critical roles in extracellular matrix degradation and angiogenesis. However, whether podosome contributes to endothelial barrier dysfunction during septic shock remains unknown. In this study, we found that the endothelial hyperpermeability, stimulated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and thrombin, was accompanied by increased formation of podosome clusters at the cell periphery, indicating a positive correlation between podosome clusters and endothelial leakage. Interestingly, we observed that circulating exosomes collected from septic mice were able to stimulate podosome cluster formation in cardiac endothelial cells, together with increased permeability in vitro/in vivo and cardiac dysfunction. Mechanistically, we identified that septic exosomes contained higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) than normal ones, which were effectively transported to endothelial cells (ECs). Depletion of ROS in septic exosomes significantly reduced their capacity for promoting podosome cluster formation and thereby dampened vascular leakage. Finally, we elucidated that podosome cluster-induced endothelial hyperpermeability was associated with fragmentation/depletion of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) at the cell periphery. Our results demonstrate that septic exosomes were enriched with high amounts of ROS, which can be transported to ECs, leading to the generation of podosome clusters in target ECs and thereby, causing ZO-1 relocation, vascular leakage, and cardiac dysfunction.
Collapse
|
19
|
Antimycin A-induced mitochondrial dysfunction activates vagal sensory neurons via ROS-dependent activation of TRPA1 and ROS-independent activation of TRPV1. Brain Res 2019; 1715:94-105. [PMID: 30914247 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation causes activation of nociceptive sensory nerves, resulting in debilitating sensations and reflexes. Inflammation also induces mitochondrial dysfunction through multiple mechanisms. Sensory nerve terminals are densely packed with mitochondria, suggesting that mitochondrial signaling may play a role in inflammation-induced nociception. We have previously shown that agents that induce mitochondrial dysfunction, such as antimycin A, activate a subset of nociceptive vagal sensory nerves that express transient receptor potential (TRP) channels ankyrin 1 (A1) and vanilloid 1 (V1). However, the mechanisms underlying these responses are incompletely understood. Here, we studied the contribution of TRPA1, TRPV1 and reactive oxygen species (ROS) to antimycin A-induced vagal sensory nerve activation in dissociated neurons and at the sensory terminals of bronchopulmonary C-fibers. Nociceptive neurons were defined chemically and genetically. Antimycin A-evoked activation of vagal nociceptors in a Fura2 Ca2+ assay correlated with TRPV1 responses compared to TRPA1 responses. Nociceptor activation was dependent on both TRP channels, with TRPV1 predominating in a majority of responding nociceptors and TRPA1 predominating only in nociceptors with the greatest responses. Surprisingly, both TRPA1 and TRPV1 were activated by H2O2 when expressed in HEK293. Nevertheless, targeting ROS had no effect of antimycin A-evoked TRPV1 activation in either HEK293 or vagal neurons. In contrast, targeting ROS inhibited antimycin A-evoked TRPA1 activation in HEK293, vagal neurons and bronchopulmonary C-fibers, and a ROS-insensitive TRPA1 mutant was completely insensitive to antimycin A. We therefore conclude that mitochondrial dysfunction activates vagal nociceptors by ROS-dependent (TRPA1) and ROS-independent (TRPV1) mechanisms.
Collapse
|
20
|
Xu M, Cui Z, Zhao L, Hu S, Zong W, Liu R. Characterizing the binding interactions of PFOA and PFOS with catalase at the molecular level. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 203:360-367. [PMID: 29627602 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.03.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) have effects on human health by inducing oxidative stress and catalase (CAT) is a vital enzyme involved in protection against oxidative damage. The interactions of PFOA and PFOS with CAT were investigated by using biophysical methods including spectroscopic techniques, molecular docking and enzyme activity measurements. UV-visible, circular dichroism (CD) and resonance light scattering (RLS) spectroscopy results showed that the structure and conformation of CAT were changed by PFOA and PFOS. PFOA could loosen and unfold the skeleton of CAT but PFOS affected the microenvironment around the aromatic amino acid residues and heme groups. Both PFOA and PFOS altered the secondary structure of CAT by decreasing α-helix and increasing β-sheet content. The size of CAT was smaller and CAT became dispersed when it was bound by perfluorinated compounds (PFCs). Furthermore, enzyme activity test showed that PFOS decreased the activity of CAT because the binding site of PFOS was close to the active center of CAT, but PFOA had little effect on the activity because PFOA bound at the surface of the enzyme. These results indicated that PFCs could damage the structures and conformations of CAT but the changes were not always related to the activity and function of CAT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengchen Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China -America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong Province, 27# Shanda Nanlu, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Zhaohao Cui
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China -America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong Province, 27# Shanda Nanlu, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Lining Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China -America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong Province, 27# Shanda Nanlu, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Shimeng Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China -America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong Province, 27# Shanda Nanlu, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Wansong Zong
- College of Population, Resources and Environment, Shandong Normal University, 88# East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Rutao Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China -America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong Province, 27# Shanda Nanlu, Jinan 250100, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Rationally designed mimics of antioxidant manganoenzymes: Role of structural features in the quest for catalysts with catalase and superoxide dismutase activity. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
22
|
Naveed M, Raees M, Liaqat I, Kashif M. Clastogenic ROS and biophotonics in precancerous diagnosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11515-018-1488-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
|
23
|
Bonetta R. Potential Therapeutic Applications of MnSODs and SOD-Mimetics. Chemistry 2017; 24:5032-5041. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosalin Bonetta
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Biobanking; University of Malta; Msida MSD2080 Malta
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Oxidative Stress Contributes to Status Epilepticus Associated Mortality. Neurochem Res 2017; 42:2024-2032. [PMID: 28462450 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2273-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Status epilepticus is a common manifestation of nerve agent toxicity and represents a serious medical emergency with high rates of mortality and neurologic injury in those that survive. The aim of the current study was to determine if targeting oxidative stress with the catalytic antioxidant, AEOL10150, would reduce pilocarpine-induced mortality and attenuate neuronal death and neuroinflammation. We found that treatment with AEOL10150 in conjunction with scopolamine and diazepam following pilocarpine-induced SE was able to significantly reduce mortality compared to treatment with just scopolamine and diazepam. Mortality was further reduced when AEOL10150 was used in conjunction with atropine and diazepam which is considered the standard of care for nerve agent exposures. Both treatment paradigms offered significant protection against SE-induced oxidative stress. Additionally, treatment with scopolamine, AEOL10150 and diazepam attenuated SE-induced neuronal loss and neuroinflammation. Taken together, the data suggest that pharmacological targeting of oxidative stress can improve survival and attenuate secondary neurological damage following SE induced by the nerve agent surrogate pilocarpine.
Collapse
|
25
|
Reactive oxygen species are required for driving efficient and sustained aerobic glycolysis during CD4+ T cell activation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175549. [PMID: 28426686 PMCID: PMC5398529 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system is necessary for protecting against various pathogens. However, under certain circumstances, self-reactive immune cells can drive autoimmunity, like that exhibited in type 1 diabetes (T1D). CD4+ T cells are major contributors to the immunopathology in T1D, and in order to drive optimal T cell activation, third signal reactive oxygen species (ROS) must be present. However, the role ROS play in mediating this process remains to be further understood. Recently, cellular metabolic programs have been shown to dictate the function and fate of immune cells, including CD4+ T cells. During activation, CD4+ T cells must transition metabolically from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis to support proliferation and effector function. As ROS are capable of modulating cellular metabolism in other models, we sought to understand if blocking ROS also regulates CD4+ T cell activation and effector function by modulating T cell metabolism. To do so, we utilized an ROS scavenging and potent antioxidant manganese metalloporphyrin (MnP). Our results demonstrate that redox modulation during activation regulates the mTOR/AMPK axis by maintaining AMPK activation, resulting in diminished mTOR activation and reduced transition to aerobic glycolysis in diabetogenic splenocytes. These results correlated with decreased Myc and Glut1 upregulation, reduced glucose uptake, and diminished lactate production. In an adoptive transfer model of T1D, animals treated with MnP demonstrated delayed diabetes progression, concurrent with reduced CD4+ T cell activation. Our results demonstrate that ROS are required for driving and sustaining T cell activation-induced metabolic reprogramming, and further support ROS as a target to minimize aberrant immune responses in autoimmunity.
Collapse
|
26
|
Reactive oxygen species contribute toward Smac mimetic/temozolomide-induced cell death in glioblastoma cells. Anticancer Drugs 2016; 27:953-959. [PMID: 27669171 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Small-molecule inhibitors of Inhibitor of Apoptosis proteins such as Smac mimetics have been reported to provide a promising tool to sensitize glioblastoma (GBM) cells to cytotoxic therapies including chemotherapeutic drugs. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of action have not yet been fully unraveled. In the present study, we therefore investigated the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the regulation of Smac mimetic/temozolomide (TMZ)-induced cell death in GBM cells. Here, we show that the Smac mimetic BV6 and TMZ act in concert to stimulate the production of both cytosolic and mitochondrial ROS. This accumulation of ROS contributes toward the activation of the proapoptotic factor BAX upon BV6/TMZ cotreatment as several ROS scavengers (i.e. N-acetyl-L-cysteine, MnTBAP, or α-tocopherol) protect GBM cells against BV6/TMZ-mediated BAX activation. In addition, ROS scavengers significantly rescue GBM cells from BV6/TMZ-triggered cell death, indicating that ROS generation is required for the induction of cell death. By showing that ROS play an important role in the regulation of Smac mimetic/TMZ-induced cell death, our work sheds light on the crucial role of the oxidative system in the cooperative antitumor activity of Smac mimetic/TMZ combination therapy against GBM cells.
Collapse
|
27
|
Patel M. Targeting Oxidative Stress in Central Nervous System Disorders. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2016; 37:768-778. [PMID: 27491897 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There is widespread recognition that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play key roles in normal brain function and pathology in the context of neurological disease. Oxidative stress continues to be a key therapeutic target for neurological diseases. In developing antioxidant therapies for neurological disease, special attention should be given to the brain's unique vulnerability to oxidative insults and its architecture. Consideration of antioxidant therapy should be guided by a strong rationale for oxidative stress in a given neurological disease. This review provides an overview of processes that can guide the development of antioxidant therapies in neurological diseases, such as knowledge of basic redox mechanisms, unique features of brain pathophysiology, mechanisms and classes of antioxidants, and desirable properties of drug candidates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Padgett LE, Tse HM. NADPH Oxidase-Derived Superoxide Provides a Third Signal for CD4 T Cell Effector Responses. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:1733-42. [PMID: 27474077 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1502581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Originally recognized for their direct induced toxicity as a component of the innate immune response, reactive oxygen species (ROS) can profoundly modulate T cell adaptive immune responses. Efficient T cell activation requires: signal 1, consisting of an antigenic peptide-MHC complex binding with the TCR; signal 2, the interaction of costimulatory molecules on T cells and APCs; and signal 3, the generation of innate immune-derived ROS and proinflammatory cytokines. This third signal, in particular, has proven essential in generating productive and long-lasting immune responses. Our laboratory previously demonstrated profound Ag-specific hyporesponsiveness in the absence of NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide. To further examine the consequences of ROS deficiency on Ag-specific T cell responses, our laboratory generated the OT-II.Ncf1(m1J) mouse, possessing superoxide-deficient T cells recognizing the nominal Ag OVA323-339 In this study, we demonstrate that OT-II.Ncf1(m1J) CD4 T cells displayed a severe reduction in Th1 T cell responses, in addition to blunted IL-12R expression and severely attenuated proinflammatory chemokine ligands. Conversely, IFN-γ synthesis and IL-12R synthesis were rescued by the addition of exogenous superoxide via the paramagnetic superoxide donor potassium dioxide or superoxide-sufficient dendritic cells. Ultimately, these data highlight the importance of NADPH oxidase-derived ROS in providing a third signal for adaptive immune maturation by modulating the IL-12/IL-12R pathway and the novelty of the OT-II.Ncf1(m1J) mouse model to determine the role of redox-dependent signaling on effector responses. Thus, targeting ROS represents a promising therapeutic strategy in dampening Ag-specific T cell responses and T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey E Padgett
- Department of Microbiology, Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama-Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Hubert M Tse
- Department of Microbiology, Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama-Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35294
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
MnTBAP increases BMPR-II expression in endothelial cells and attenuates vascular inflammation. Vascul Pharmacol 2016; 84:67-73. [PMID: 27401963 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The endothelium plays an important role during vascular inflammation. Previous data have demonstrated a high expression level of manganese-superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) in endothelial cells and suggested an important role of MnSOD in several cardiovascular diseases. Manganese (III) tetrakis (4-benzoic acid) porphyrin (MnTBAP) has been shown to mimic some of the effects of MnSOD and prevented the development of diabetes and obesity. However, its effect on vascular inflammation and the underlying mechanism is still unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Leukocyte adhesion was evaluated in-vivo and in-vitro using dynamic flow chamber and intravital microscopy in mice. Expression of adhesion molecules induced by TNFα and adhesion of leukocytes to the vessel wall were inhibited by MnTBAP. The anti-inflammatory effect of MnTBAP was partly mediated by up-regulation of the BMPR-II and Smad dependent pathway. Additionally, MnTBAP decelerated the turn-over of endogenous BMPR-II. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate that MnTBAP activates Smad signaling, preserves the turn-over of BMPR-II and elicits anti-inflammatory effects in endothelial cells, partly mediated by BMPR-II. This finding suggests a potential therapeutic impact of MnTBAP in the treatment of vascular inflammation.
Collapse
|
30
|
Pearson JN, Patel M. The role of oxidative stress in organophosphate and nerve agent toxicity. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2016; 1378:17-24. [PMID: 27371936 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphate (OP) nerve agents exert their toxicity through inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. The excessive stimulation of cholinergic receptors rapidly causes neuronal damage, seizures, death, and long-term neurological impairment in those that survive. Owing to the lethality of organophosphorus agents and the growing risk they pose, medical interventions that prevent OP toxicity and the delayed injury response are much needed. Studies have shown that oxidative stress occurs in models of subacute, acute, and chronic exposure to OP agents. Key findings of these studies include alterations in mitochondrial function and increased free radical-mediated injury, such as lipid peroxidation. This review focuses on the role of reactive oxygen species in OP neurotoxicity and its dependence on seizure activity. Understanding the sources, mechanisms, and pathological consequences of OP-induced oxidative stress can lead to the development of rational therapies for treating toxic exposures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Manisha Patel
- Neuroscience Program. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Evans MK, Sauer SJ, Nath S, Robinson TJ, Morse MA, Devi GR. X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein mediates tumor cell resistance to antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2073. [PMID: 26821068 PMCID: PMC4816185 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is the deadliest, distinct subtype of breast cancer. High expression of epidermal growth factor receptors [EGFR or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)] in IBC tumors has prompted trials of anti-EGFR/HER2 monoclonal antibodies to inhibit oncogenic signaling; however, de novo and acquired therapeutic resistance is common. Another critical function of these antibodies is to mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), which enables immune effector cells to engage tumors and deliver granzymes, activating executioner caspases. We hypothesized that high expression of anti-apoptotic molecules in tumors would render them resistant to ADCC. Herein, we demonstrate that the most potent caspase inhibitor, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), overexpressed in IBC, drives resistance to ADCC mediated by cetuximab (anti-EGFR) and trastuzumab (anti-HER2). Overexpression of XIAP in parental IBC cell lines enhances resistance to ADCC; conversely, targeted downregulation of XIAP in ADCC-resistant IBC cells renders them sensitive. As hypothesized, this ADCC resistance is in part a result of the ability of XIAP to inhibit caspase activity; however, we also unexpectedly found that resistance was dependent on XIAP-mediated, caspase-independent suppression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, which otherwise occurs during ADCC. Transcriptome analysis supported these observations by revealing modulation of genes involved in immunosuppression and oxidative stress response in XIAP-overexpressing, ADCC-resistant cells. We conclude that XIAP is a critical modulator of ADCC responsiveness, operating through both caspase-dependent and -independent mechanisms. These results suggest that strategies targeting the effects of XIAP on caspase activation and ROS suppression have the potential to enhance the activity of monoclonal antibody-based immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M K Evans
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - S J Sauer
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - S Nath
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - T J Robinson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - M A Morse
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - G R Devi
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Brestoff JR, Brodsky T, Sosinsky AZ, McLoughlin R, Stansky E, Fussell L, Sheppard A, DiSanto-Rose M, Kershaw EE, Reynolds TH. Manganese [III] Tetrakis [5,10,15,20]-Benzoic Acid Porphyrin Reduces Adiposity and Improves Insulin Action in Mice with Pre-Existing Obesity. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137388. [PMID: 26397111 PMCID: PMC4580604 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The superoxide dismutase mimetic manganese [III] tetrakis [5,10,15,20]-benzoic acid porphyrin (MnTBAP) is a potent antioxidant compound that has been shown to limit weight gain during short-term high fat feeding without preventing insulin resistance. However, whether MnTBAP has therapeutic potential to treat pre-existing obesity and insulin resistance remains unknown. To investigate this, mice were treated with MnTBAP or vehicle during the last five weeks of a 24-week high fat diet (HFD) regimen. MnTBAP treatment significantly decreased body weight and reduced white adipose tissue (WAT) mass in mice fed a HFD and a low fat diet (LFD). The reduction in adiposity was associated with decreased caloric intake without significantly altering energy expenditure, indicating that MnTBAP decreases adiposity in part by modulating energy balance. MnTBAP treatment also improved insulin action in HFD-fed mice, a physiologic response that was associated with increased protein kinase B (PKB) phosphorylation and expression in muscle and WAT. Since MnTBAP is a metalloporphyrin molecule, we hypothesized that its ability to promote weight loss and improve insulin sensitivity was regulated by heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), in a similar fashion as cobalt protoporphyrins. Despite MnTBAP treatment increasing HO-1 expression, administration of the potent HO-1 inhibitor tin mesoporphyrin (SnMP) did not block the ability of MnTBAP to alter caloric intake, adiposity, or insulin action, suggesting that MnTBAP influences these metabolic processes independent of HO-1. These data demonstrate that MnTBAP can ameliorate pre-existing obesity and improve insulin action by reducing caloric intake and increasing PKB phosphorylation and expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R. Brestoff
- Department of Health and Exercise Sciences, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, New York, United States of America
| | - Tim Brodsky
- Department of Health and Exercise Sciences, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, New York, United States of America
| | - Alexandra Z. Sosinsky
- Department of Health and Exercise Sciences, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, New York, United States of America
| | - Ryan McLoughlin
- Department of Health and Exercise Sciences, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, New York, United States of America
| | - Elena Stansky
- Department of Health and Exercise Sciences, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, New York, United States of America
| | - Leila Fussell
- Department of Health and Exercise Sciences, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, New York, United States of America
| | - Aaron Sheppard
- Department of Health and Exercise Sciences, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, New York, United States of America
| | - Maria DiSanto-Rose
- Department of Health and Exercise Sciences, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, New York, United States of America
| | - Erin E. Kershaw
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Thomas H. Reynolds
- Department of Health and Exercise Sciences, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Tovmasyan A, Maia CGC, Weitner T, Carballal S, Sampaio RS, Lieb D, Ghazaryan R, Ivanovic-Burmazovic I, Ferrer-Sueta G, Radi R, Reboucas JS, Spasojevic I, Benov L, Batinic-Haberle I. A comprehensive evaluation of catalase-like activity of different classes of redox-active therapeutics. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 86:308-21. [PMID: 26026699 PMCID: PMC4554972 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Because of the increased insight into the biological role of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) under physiological and pathological conditions and the role it presumably plays in the action of natural and synthetic redox-active drugs, there is a need to accurately define the type and magnitude of reactions that may occur with this intriguing and key species of redoxome. Historically, and frequently incorrectly, the impact of catalase-like activity has been assigned to play a major role in the action of many redox-active drugs, mostly SOD mimics and peroxynitrite scavengers, and in particular MnTBAP(3-) and Mn salen derivatives. The advantage of one redox-active compound over another has often been assigned to the differences in catalase-like activity. Our studies provide substantial evidence that Mn(III) N-alkylpyridylporphyrins couple with H2O2 in actions other than catalase-related. Herein we have assessed the catalase-like activities of different classes of compounds: Mn porphyrins (MnPs), Fe porphyrins (FePs), Mn(III) salen (EUK-8), and Mn(II) cyclic polyamines (SOD-active M40403 and SOD-inactive M40404). Nitroxide (tempol), nitrone (NXY-059), ebselen, and MnCl2, which have not been reported as catalase mimics, were used as negative controls, while catalase enzyme was a positive control. The dismutation of H2O2 to O2 and H2O was followed via measuring oxygen evolved with a Clark oxygen electrode at 25°C. The catalase enzyme was found to have kcat(H2O2)=1.5×10(6)M(-1) s(-1). The yield of dismutation, i.e., the maximal amount of O2 evolved, was assessed also. The magnitude of the yield reflects an interplay between the kcat(H2O2) and the stability of compounds toward H2O2-driven oxidative degradation, and is thus an accurate measure of the efficacy of a catalyst. The kcat(H2O2) values for 12 cationic Mn(III) N-substituted (alkyl and alkoxyalkyl) pyridylporphyrin-based SOD mimics and Mn(III) N,N'-dialkylimidazolium porphyrin, MnTDE-2-ImP(5+), ranged from 23 to 88M(-1) s(-1). The analogous Fe(III) N-alkylpyridylporphyrins showed ~10-fold higher activity than the corresponding MnPs, but the values of kcat(H2O2) are still ~4 orders of magnitude lower than that of the enzyme. While the kcat(H2O2) values for Fe ethyl and n-octyl analogs were 803.5 and 368.4M(-1) s(-1), respectively, the FePs are more prone to H2O2-driven oxidative degradation, therefore allowing for similar yields in H2O2 dismutation as analogous MnPs. The kcat(H2O2) values are dependent on the electron deficiency of the metal site as it controls the peroxide binding in the first step of the dismutation process. SOD-like activities depend on electron deficiency of the metal site also, as it controls the first step of O2(●-) dismutation. In turn, the kcat(O2(●-)) parallels the kcat(H2O2). Therefore, the electron-rich anionic non-SOD mimic MnTBAP(3-) has essentially very low catalase-like activity, kcat(H2O2)=5.8M(-1) s(-1). The catalase-like activities of Mn(III) and Fe(III) porphyrins are at most, 0.0004 and 0.05% of the enzyme activity, respectively. The kcat(H2O2) values of 8.2 and 6.5M(-1) s(-1) were determined for electron-rich Mn(II) cyclic polyamine-based compounds, M40403 and M40404, respectively. The EUK-8, with modest SOD-like activity, has only slightly higher kcat(H2O2)=13.5M(-1) s(-1). The biological relevance of kcat(H2O2) of MnTE-2-PyP(5+), MnTDE-2-ImP(5+), MnTBAP(3-), FeTE-2-PyP(5+), M40403, M40404, and Mn salen was evaluated in wild-type and peroxidase/catalase-deficient E. coli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Artak Tovmasyan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Clarissa G C Maia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Departamento de Quimica, CCEN, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Tin Weitner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Sebastián Carballal
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Romulo S Sampaio
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Departamento de Quimica, CCEN, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Dominik Lieb
- Friedrich-Alexander Universitat, Erlangen-Nurnberg, Germany
| | - Robert Ghazaryan
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yerevan State Medical University, Armenia
| | | | - Gerardo Ferrer-Sueta
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Rafael Radi
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Julio S Reboucas
- Departamento de Quimica, CCEN, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Ivan Spasojevic
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Cancer Institute, Pharmaceutical Research Shared Resource, PK/PD Core Laboratory, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ludmil Benov
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait
| | - Ines Batinic-Haberle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Antioxidant treatment normalizes mitochondrial energetics and myocardial insulin sensitivity independently of changes in systemic metabolic homeostasis in a mouse model of the metabolic syndrome. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 85:104-16. [PMID: 26004364 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac dysfunction in obesity is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and altered insulin sensitivity. Whether oxidative stress directly contributes to myocardial insulin resistance remains to be determined. This study tested the hypothesis that ROS scavenging will improve mitochondrial function and insulin sensitivity in the hearts of rodent models with varying degrees of insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. The catalytic antioxidant MnTBAP was administered to the uncoupling protein-diphtheria toxin A (UCP-DTA) mouse model of insulin resistance (IR) and obesity, at early and late time points in the evolution of IR, and to db/db mice with severe obesity and type-two diabetes. Mitochondrial function was measured in saponin-permeabilized cardiac fibers. Aconitase activity and hydrogen peroxide emission were measured in isolated mitochondria. Insulin-stimulated glucose oxidation, glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation rates were measured in isolated working hearts, and 2-deoxyglucose uptake was measured in isolated cardiomyocytes. Four weeks of MnTBAP attenuated glucose intolerance in 13-week-old UCP-DTA mice but was without effect in 24-week-old UCP-DTA mice and in db/db mice. Despite the absence of improvement in the systemic metabolic milieu, MnTBAP reversed cardiac mitochondrial oxidative stress and improved mitochondrial bioenergetics by increasing ATP generation and reducing mitochondrial uncoupling in all models. MnTBAP also improved myocardial insulin mediated glucose metabolism in 13 and 24-week-old UCP-DTA mice. Pharmacological ROS scavenging improves myocardial energy metabolism and insulin responsiveness in obesity and type 2 diabetes via direct effects that might be independent of changes in systemic metabolism.
Collapse
|
35
|
Tkachev V, Goodell S, Opipari AW, Hao LY, Franchi L, Glick GD, Ferrara JLM, Byersdorfer CA. Programmed death-1 controls T cell survival by regulating oxidative metabolism. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 194:5789-800. [PMID: 25972478 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1402180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The coinhibitory receptor programmed death-1 (PD-1) maintains immune homeostasis by negatively regulating T cell function and survival. Blockade of PD-1 increases the severity of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), but the interplay between PD-1 inhibition and T cell metabolism is not well studied. We found that both murine and human alloreactive T cells concomitantly upregulated PD-1 expression and increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. This PD-1(Hi)ROS(Hi) phenotype was specific to alloreactive T cells and was not observed in syngeneic T cells during homeostatic proliferation. Blockade of PD-1 signaling decreased both mitochondrial H2O2 and total cellular ROS levels, and PD-1-driven increases in ROS were dependent upon the oxidation of fatty acids, because treatment with etomoxir nullified changes in ROS levels following PD-1 blockade. Downstream of PD-1, elevated ROS levels impaired T cell survival in a process reversed by antioxidants. Furthermore, PD-1-driven changes in ROS were fundamental to establishing a cell's susceptibility to subsequent metabolic inhibition, because blockade of PD-1 decreased the efficacy of later F1F0-ATP synthase modulation. These data indicate that PD-1 facilitates apoptosis in alloreactive T cells by increasing ROS in a process dependent upon the oxidation of fat. In addition, blockade of PD-1 undermines the potential for subsequent metabolic inhibition, an important consideration given the increasing use of anti-PD-1 therapies in the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor Tkachev
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Stefanie Goodell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Anthony W Opipari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | | | | | - Gary D Glick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; and
| | - James L M Ferrara
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Craig A Byersdorfer
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Therapies, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) have been shown to possess a substantial oxygen storage capacity via the interchangeable surface reduction and oxidation of cerium atoms, cycling between the Ce(4+) and Ce(3+) redox states. It has been well established in many studies that depending on their reactivity and surface chemistry, CeO2 NPs can effectively convert both reactive oxygen species (superoxide, O2 (•-), and hydrogen peroxide) into more inert species and scavenge reactive nitrogen species (RNS)(nitric oxide, •NO), both in vitro and in vivo. Since much of damage attributed to •NO and O2 (•-) is actually the result of oxidation or nitration by peroxynitrite or its breakdown products and due to the multiple species that these nanoparticles target in vivo, it was logical to test their interaction with the highly reactive molecule peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)). Here, we report that CeO2 NPs significantly accelerated the decay of ONOO(-) by three independent methods. Additionally, our data suggest the ability of CeO2 NPs to interact with ONOO(-) is independent of the Ce(3+)/Ce(4+) ratio on the surface of the CeO2 NPs. The accelerated decay was not observed when reactions were carried out in an inert gas (argon), suggesting strongly that the decay of peroxynitrite is being accelerated due to a reaction of CeNPs with the carbonate radical anion. These results suggest that one of the protective effects of CeO2 NPs during RNS is likely due to reduction in peroxynitrite or its reactive breakdown products.
Collapse
|
37
|
Khan NQ, Patel B, Kang SS, Dhariwal SK, Husain F, Wood EG, Pothecary MR, Corder R. Regulation of vascular endothelial function by red wine procyanidins: implications for cardiovascular health. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.10.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
38
|
Andersson DA, Filipović MR, Gentry C, Eberhardt M, Vastani N, Leffler A, Reeh P, Bevan S. Streptozotocin Stimulates the Ion Channel TRPA1 Directly: INVOLVEMENT OF PEROXYNITRITE. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:15185-96. [PMID: 25903127 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.644476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes is the most commonly used animal model of diabetes. Here, we have demonstrated that intraplantar injections of low dose STZ evoked acute polymodal hypersensitivities in mice. These hypersensitivities were inhibited by a TRPA1 antagonist and were absent in TRPA1-null mice. In wild type mice, systemic STZ treatment (180 mg/kg) evoked a loss of cold and mechanical sensitivity within an hour of injection, which lasted for at least 10 days. In contrast, Trpa1(-/-) mice developed mechanical, cold, and heat hypersensitivity 24 h after STZ. The TRPA1-dependent sensory loss produced by STZ occurs before the onset of diabetes and may thus not be readily distinguished from the similar sensory abnormalities produced by the ensuing diabetic neuropathy. In vitro, STZ activated TRPA1 in isolated sensory neurons, TRPA1 cell lines, and membrane patches. Mass spectrometry studies revealed that STZ oxidizes TRPA1 cysteines to disulfides and sulfenic acids. Furthermore, incubation of tyrosine with STZ resulted in formation of dityrosine, suggesting formation of peroxynitrite. Functional analysis of TRPA1 mutants showed that cysteine residues that were oxidized by STZ were important for TRPA1 responsiveness to STZ. Our results have identified oxidation of TRPA1 cysteine residues, most likely by peroxynitrite, as a novel mechanism of action of STZ. Direct stimulation of TRPA1 complicates the interpretation of results from STZ models of diabetic sensory neuropathy and strongly argues that more refined models of diabetic neuropathy should replace the use of STZ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David A Andersson
- From the Wolfson Centre for Age-related Diseases, Hodgkin Building, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom,
| | - Milos R Filipović
- the Bioinorganic Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Clive Gentry
- From the Wolfson Centre for Age-related Diseases, Hodgkin Building, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Mirjam Eberhardt
- the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany, and
| | - Nisha Vastani
- From the Wolfson Centre for Age-related Diseases, Hodgkin Building, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Leffler
- the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany, and
| | - Peter Reeh
- the Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitaetsstrasse 17, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stuart Bevan
- From the Wolfson Centre for Age-related Diseases, Hodgkin Building, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
D'Apolito M, Du X, Pisanelli D, Pettoello-Mantovani M, Campanozzi A, Giacco F, Maffione AB, Colia AL, Brownlee M, Giardino I. Urea-induced ROS cause endothelial dysfunction in chronic renal failure. Atherosclerosis 2015; 239:393-400. [PMID: 25682038 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The pathogenic events responsible for accelerated atherosclerosis in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) are poorly understood. Here we investigate the hypothesis that concentrations of urea associated with CRF and increased ROS production in adipocytes might also increase ROS production directly in arterial endothelial cells, causing the same pathophysiologic changes seen with hyperglycemia. METHODS Primary cultures of human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) were exposed to 20mM urea for 48 h. C57BL/6J wild-type mice underwent 5/6 nephrectomy or a sham operation. Randomized groups of 5/6 nephrectomized mice and their controls were also injected i.p. with a SOD/catalase mimetic (MnTBAP) for 15 days starting immediately after the final surgical procedure. RESULTS Urea at concentrations seen in CRF induced mitochondrial ROS production in cultured HAEC. Urea-induced ROS caused the activation of endothelial pro-inflammatory pathways through the inhibition of GAPDH, including increased protein kinase C isoforms activity, increased hexosamine pathway activity, and accumulation of intracellular AGEs (advanced glycation end products). Urea-induced ROS directly inactivated the anti-atherosclerosis enzyme PGI2 synthase and also caused ER stress. Normalization of mitochondrial ROS production prevented each of these effects of urea. In uremic mice, treatment with MnTBAP prevented aortic oxidative stress, PGI2 synthase activity reduction and increased expression of the pro-inflammatory proteins TNFα, IL-6, VCAM1, Endoglin, and MCP-1. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these data show that urea itself, at levels common in patients with CRF, causes endothelial dysfunction and activation of proatherogenic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria D'Apolito
- Institute of Pediatrics, University of Foggia, Foggia Viale Pinto 1, O.O.R.R., Foggia, Italy
| | - Xueliang Du
- Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Daniela Pisanelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, O.O.R.R., Foggia, Italy
| | | | - Angelo Campanozzi
- Institute of Pediatrics, University of Foggia, Foggia Viale Pinto 1, O.O.R.R., Foggia, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Giacco
- Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Angela Bruna Maffione
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, O.O.R.R., Foggia, Italy
| | - Anna Laura Colia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, O.O.R.R., Foggia, Italy
| | - Michael Brownlee
- Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York, 10461, USA
| | - Ida Giardino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, O.O.R.R., Foggia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Gravina N, Ruso JM, Mbeh DA, Yahia L'H, Merhi Y, Sartuqui J, Messina PV. Effect of ceria on the organization and bio-ability of anatase fullerene-like crystals. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra15031g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of Ce atoms induce the formation of fullerene-like structures and increase the oxygen storage capacity of the anatase. It was demonstrated that such special effects can be exploited to modulate fibroblast proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noel Gravina
- Department of Chemistry
- Universidad Nacional del Sur
- INQUISUR-CONICET
- Bahía Blanca
- Argentina
| | - Juan M. Ruso
- Soft Matter and Molecular Biophysics Group
- Department of Applied Physics
- University of Santiago de Compostela
- Santiago de Compostela
- Spain
| | - Doris A. Mbeh
- Laboratory for Innovation and Analysis of Bio-Performance
- École Polytechnique de Montréal
- Montréal
- Canada H3C 3A7
| | - L. 'Hocine Yahia
- Laboratory for Innovation and Analysis of Bio-Performance
- École Polytechnique de Montréal
- Montréal
- Canada H3C 3A7
| | - Yahye Merhi
- Montreal Heart Institute & Université de Montréal
- Montréal
- Canada H1T 1C8
| | - Javier Sartuqui
- Department of Chemistry
- Universidad Nacional del Sur
- INQUISUR-CONICET
- Bahía Blanca
- Argentina
| | - Paula V. Messina
- Department of Chemistry
- Universidad Nacional del Sur
- INQUISUR-CONICET
- Bahía Blanca
- Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Haber A, Gross Z. Catalytic antioxidant therapy by metallodrugs: lessons from metallocorroles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:5812-27. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc08715a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This article provides a perspective on the utility of metal-based catalytic antioxidants for disease prevention or treatment, with focus on their mode of action and its dependence (DCA) or independence (ICA) on the involvement of cofactors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adi Haber
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
- Technion City
- Israel
| | - Zeev Gross
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
- Technion City
- Israel
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Cheng KY, Guo F, Lu JQ, Cao YZ, Wang TC, Yang Q, Xia Q. MnTM-4-PyP modulates endogenous antioxidant responses and protects primary cortical neurons against oxidative stress. CNS Neurosci Ther 2014; 21:435-45. [PMID: 25545542 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Oxidative stress is a direct cause of injury in various neural diseases. Manganese porphyrins (MnPs), a large category of superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimics, shown universally to have effects in numerous neural disease models in vivo. Given their complex intracellular redox activities, detailed mechanisms underlying the biomedical efficacies are not fully elucidated. This study sought to investigate the regulation of endogenous antioxidant systems by a MnP (MnTM-4-PyP) and its role in the protection against neural oxidative stress. METHODS Primary cortical neurons were treated with MnTM-4-PyP prior to hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress. RESULTS MnTM-4-PyP increased cell viability, reduced intracellular level of reactive oxygen species, inhibited mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, and ameliorated endoplasmic reticulum function. The protein levels and activities of endogenous SODs were elevated, but not those of catalase. SOD2 transcription was promoted in a transcription factor-specific manner. Additionally, we found FOXO3A and Sirt3 levels also increased. These effects were not observed with MnTM-4-PyP alone. CONCLUSION Induction of various levels of endogenous antioxidant responses by MnTM-4-PyP has indispensable functions in its protection for cortical neurons against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Yuan Cheng
- Department of Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Bone DBJ, Antic M, Quinonez D, Hammond JR. Hypoxanthine uptake by skeletal muscle microvascular endothelial cells from equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (ENT1)-null mice: effect of oxidative stress. Microvasc Res 2014; 98:16-22. [PMID: 25448155 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine is an endogenous regulator of vascular tone. This activity of adenosine is terminated by its uptake and metabolism by microvascular endothelial cells (MVEC). The predominant transporter involved is ENT1 (equilibrative nucleoside transporter subtype 1). MVEC also express the nucleobase transporter (ENBT1) which is involved in the cellular flux of adenosine metabolites such as hypoxanthine. Changes in either of these transport systems would impact the bioactivity of adenosine and its metabolism, including the formation of oxygen free radicals. MVEC isolated from skeletal muscle of ENT1(+/+) and ENT1(-/-) mice were subjected to oxidative stress induced by simulated ischemia/reperfusion or menadione. The functional activities of ENT1 and ENBT1 were assessed based on zero-trans influx kinetics of radiolabeled substrates. There was a reduction in the rate of ENBT1-mediated hypoxanthine uptake by ENT1(+/+) MVEC treated with menadione or after exposure to conditions that simulate ischemia/reperfusion. In both cases, the superoxide dismutase mimetic MnTMPyP attenuated the loss of ENBT1 activity, implicating superoxide radicals in the response. In contrast, MVEC isolated from ENT1(-/-) mice showed no reduction in ENBT1 activity upon treatment with menadione or simulated ischemia/reperfusion, but they did have a significantly higher level of catalase activity relative to ENT1(+/+) MVEC. These data suggest that ENBT1 activity is decreased in MVEC in response to the increased superoxide radical that is associated with ischemia/reperfusion injury. MVEC isolated from ENT1(-/-) mice do not show this reduction in ENBT1, possibly due to increased catalase activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D B J Bone
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada.
| | - M Antic
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - D Quinonez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada.
| | - J R Hammond
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Schoeneberger H, Belz K, Schenk B, Fulda S. Impairment of antioxidant defense via glutathione depletion sensitizes acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells for Smac mimetic-induced cell death. Oncogene 2014; 34:4032-43. [PMID: 25381820 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Evasion of apoptosis in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is linked to aberrant expression of inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) proteins and dysregulated redox homeostasis, rendering leukemic cells vulnerable to redox-targeting therapies. Here we discover that inhibition of antioxidant defenses via glutathione (GSH) depletion by buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) primes ALL cells for apoptosis induced by the Smac mimetic BV6 that antagonizes IAP proteins. Similarly, BSO cooperates with BV6 to induce cell death in patient-derived primary leukemic samples, underscoring the clinical relevance. In contrast, BSO does not sensitize non-malignant lymphohematopoietic cells from healthy donors toward BV6, pointing to some tumor selectivity. Mechanistically, both agents cooperate to stimulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which is required for BSO/BV6-induced cell death, as ROS inhibitors (that is, N-acetylcysteine, MnTBAP, Trolox) significantly rescue cell death. Further, BSO and BV6 cooperate to trigger lipid peroxidation, which is necessary for cell death, as genetic or pharmacological blockage of lipid peroxidation by GSH peroxidase 4 (GPX4) overexpression or α-tocopherol significantly inhibits BSO/BV6-mediated cell death. Consistently, GPX4 knockdown or GPX4 inhibitor RSL3 enhances lipid peroxidation and cell death by BSO/BV6 cotreatment. The discovery of redox regulation of Smac mimetic-induced cell death has important implications for developing rational Smac mimetic-based combination therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Schoeneberger
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - K Belz
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - B Schenk
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - S Fulda
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Hydrogen peroxide administered into the rat spinal cord at the level elevated by contusion spinal cord injury oxidizes proteins, DNA and membrane phospholipids, and induces cell death: attenuation by a metalloporphyrin. Neuroscience 2014; 285:81-96. [PMID: 25451281 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.10.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that hydrogen peroxide concentration ([H2O2]) significantly increases after spinal cord injury (SCI). The present study explored (1) whether SCI-elevated [H2O2] is sufficient to induce oxidation and cell death, (2) if apoptosis is a pathway of H2O2-induced cell death, and (3) whether H2O2-induced oxidation and cell death could be reversed by treatment with the catalytic antioxidant Mn (III) tetrakis (4-benzoic acid) porphyrin (MnTBAP). H2O2 was perfused through a microcannula into the uninjured rat spinal cord to mimic the conditions induced by SCI. Protein and DNA oxidation, membrane phospholipids peroxidation (MLP), cell death and apoptosis were characterized by histochemical and immunohistochemical staining with antibodies against markers of oxidation and apoptosis. Stained cells were quantified in sections of H2O2-, or artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF)-exposed with vehicle-, or MnTBAP-treated groups. Compared with ACSF-exposed animals, SCI-elevated [H2O2] significantly increased intracellular protein and DNA oxidation by threefold and MLP by eightfold in neurons, respectively. H2O2-elevated extracellular malondialdehyde was measured by microdialysis sampling. We demonstrated that SCI-elevated [H2O2] significantly increased extracellular malondialdehyde above pre-injury levels. H2O2 also significantly increased cell loss and the numbers of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-(dUTP)-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive and active caspase-3-positive neurons by 2.3-, 2.8-, and 5.6-fold compared to ACSF controls, respectively. Our results directly and unequivocally demonstrate that SCI-elevated [H2O2] contributes to post-SCI MLP, protein, and DNA oxidation to induce cell death. Therefore, we conclude that (1) the role of H2O2 in secondary SCI is pro-oxidation and pro-cell death, (2) apoptosis is a pathway for SCI-elevated [H2O2] to induce cell death, (3) caspase activation is a mechanism of H2O2-induced apoptosis after SCI, and (4) MnTBAP treatment significantly decreased H2O2-induced oxidation, cell loss, and apoptosis to the levels of ACSF controls, further supporting MnTBAP's ability to scavenge H2O2 by in vivo evidence.
Collapse
|
46
|
Tovmasyan A, Carballal S, Ghazaryan R, Melikyan L, Weitner T, Maia CC, Reboucas JS, Radi R, Spasojevic I, Benov L, Batinic-Haberle I. Rational design of superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimics: the evaluation of the therapeutic potential of new cationic Mn porphyrins with linear and cyclic substituents. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:11467-83. [PMID: 25333724 PMCID: PMC4220860 DOI: 10.1021/ic501329p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Our goal herein has been to gain further insight into the parameters which control porphyrin therapeutic potential. Mn porphyrins (MnTnOct-2-PyP(5+), MnTnHexOE-2-PyP(5+), MnTE-2-PyPhP(5+), and MnTPhE-2-PyP(5+)) that bear the same positive charge and same number of carbon atoms at meso positions of porphyrin core were explored. The carbon atoms of their meso substituents are organized to form either linear or cyclic structures of vastly different redox properties, bulkiness, and lipophilicities. These Mn porphyrins were compared to frequently studied compounds, MnTE-2-PyP(5+), MnTE-3-PyP(5+), and MnTBAP(3-). All Mn(III) porphyrins (MnPs) have metal-centered reduction potential, E1/2 for Mn(III)P/Mn(II)P redox couple, ranging from -194 to +340 mV versus NHE, log kcat(O2(•-)) from 3.16 to 7.92, and log kred(ONOO(-)) from 5.02 to 7.53. The lipophilicity, expressed as partition between n-octanol and water, log POW, was in the range -1.67 to -7.67. The therapeutic potential of MnPs was assessed via: (i) in vitro ability to prevent spontaneous lipid peroxidation in rat brain homogenate as assessed by malondialdehyde levels; (ii) in vivo O2(•-) specific assay to measure the efficacy in protecting the aerobic growth of SOD-deficient Saccharomyces cerevisiae; and (iii) aqueous solution chemistry to measure the reactivity toward major in vivo endogenous antioxidant, ascorbate. Under the conditions of lipid peroxidation assay, the transport across the cellular membranes, and in turn shape and size of molecule, played no significant role. Those MnPs of E1/2 ∼ +300 mV were the most efficacious, significantly inhibiting lipid peroxidation in 0.5-10 μM range. At up to 200 μM, MnTBAP(3-) (E1/2 = -194 mV vs NHE) failed to inhibit lipid peroxidation, while MnTE-2-PyPhP(5+) with 129 mV more positive E1/2 (-65 mV vs NHE) was fully efficacious at 50 μM. The E1/2 of Mn(III)P/Mn(II)P redox couple is proportional to the log kcat(O2(•-)), i.e., the SOD-like activity of MnPs. It is further proportional to kred(ONOO(-)) and the ability of MnPs to prevent lipid peroxidation. In turn, the inhibition of lipid peroxidation by MnPs is also proportional to their SOD-like activity. In an in vivo S. cerevisiae assay, however, while E1/2 predominates, lipophilicity significantly affects the efficacy of MnPs. MnPs of similar log POW and E1/2, that have linear alkyl or alkoxyalkyl pyridyl substituents, distribute more easily within a cell and in turn provide higher protection to S. cerevisiae in comparison to MnP with bulky cyclic substituents. The bell-shape curve, with MnTE-2-PyP(5+) exhibiting the highest ability to catalyze ascorbate oxidation, has been established and discussed. Our data support the notion that the SOD-like activity of MnPs parallels their therapeutic potential, though species other than O2(•-), such as peroxynitrite, H2O2, lipid reactive species, and cellular reductants, may be involved in their mode(s) of action(s).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Artak Tovmasyan
- Departments of Radiation Oncology and Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Research Drive, 281b MSRB I, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Sebastian Carballal
- Departamento
de Bioquímica and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical
Research, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad
de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Robert Ghazaryan
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty
of Pharmacy, Yerevan State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Lida Melikyan
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty
of Pharmacy, Yerevan State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Tin Weitner
- Departments of Radiation Oncology and Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Research Drive, 281b MSRB I, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Clarissa
G. C. Maia
- Departamento de Quimica, CCEN, Universidade
Federal de Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Julio S. Reboucas
- Departamento de Quimica, CCEN, Universidade
Federal de Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Rafael Radi
- Departamento
de Bioquímica and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical
Research, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad
de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ivan Spasojevic
- Departments of Radiation Oncology and Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Research Drive, 281b MSRB I, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Ludmil Benov
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Ines Batinic-Haberle
- Departments of Radiation Oncology and Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Research Drive, 281b MSRB I, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Domej W, Oettl K, Renner W. Oxidative stress and free radicals in COPD--implications and relevance for treatment. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2014; 9:1207-24. [PMID: 25378921 PMCID: PMC4207545 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s51226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress occurs when free radicals and other reactive species overwhelm the availability of antioxidants. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species, and their counterpart antioxidant agents are essential for physiological signaling and host defense, as well as for the evolution and persistence of inflammation. When their normal steady state is disturbed, imbalances between oxidants and antioxidants may provoke pathological reactions causing a range of nonrespiratory and respiratory diseases, particularly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In the respiratory system, ROS may be either exogenous from more or less inhalative gaseous or particulate agents such as air pollutants, cigarette smoke, ambient high-altitude hypoxia, and some occupational dusts, or endogenously generated in the context of defense mechanisms against such infectious pathogens as bacteria, viruses, or fungi. ROS may also damage body tissues depending on the amount and duration of exposure and may further act as triggers for enzymatically generated ROS released from respiratory, immune, and inflammatory cells. This paper focuses on the general relevance of free radicals for the development and progression of both COPD and pulmonary emphysema as well as novel perspectives on therapeutic options. Unfortunately, current treatment options do not suffice to prevent chronic airway inflammation and are not yet able to substantially alter the course of COPD. Effective therapeutic antioxidant measures are urgently needed to control and mitigate local as well as systemic oxygen bursts in COPD and other respiratory diseases. In addition to current therapeutic prospects and aspects of genomic medicine, trending research topics in COPD are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Domej
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Karl Oettl
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Wilfried Renner
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Hosaka H, Haruki R, Yamada K, Böttcher C, Komatsu T. Hemoglobin-albumin cluster incorporating a Pt nanoparticle: artificial O2 carrier with antioxidant activities. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110541. [PMID: 25310133 PMCID: PMC4195732 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A covalent core-shell structured protein cluster composed of hemoglobin (Hb) at the center and human serum albumins (HSA) at the periphery, Hb-HSAm, is an artificial O2 carrier that can function as a red blood cell substitute. Here we described the preparation of a novel Hb-HSA3 cluster with antioxidant activities and its O2 complex stable in aqueous H2O2 solution. We used an approach of incorporating a Pt nanoparticle (PtNP) into the exterior HSA unit of the cluster. A citrate reduced PtNP (1.8 nm diameter) was bound tightly within the cleft of free HSA with a binding constant (K) of 1.1×10(7) M(-1), generating a stable HSA-PtNP complex. This platinated protein showed high catalytic activities for dismutations of superoxide radical anions (O2•-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), i.e., superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. Also, Hb-HSA3 captured PtNP into the external albumin unit (K = 1.1×10(7) M(-1)), yielding an Hb-HSA3(PtNP) cluster. The association of PtNP caused no alteration of the protein surface net charge and O2 binding affinity. The peripheral HSA-PtNP shell prevents oxidation of the core Hb, which enables the formation of an extremely stable O2 complex, even in H2O2 solution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Hosaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University Tokyo, Japan
| | - Risa Haruki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kana Yamada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University Tokyo, Japan
| | - Christoph Böttcher
- Research Center of Electron Microscopy, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Teruyuki Komatsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Bone DB, Antic M, Vilas G, Hammond JR. Oxidative stress modulates nucleobase transport in microvascular endothelial cells. Microvasc Res 2014; 95:68-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2014.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 06/07/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
50
|
Patel VP, Chu CT. Decreased SIRT2 activity leads to altered microtubule dynamics in oxidatively-stressed neuronal cells: implications for Parkinson's disease. Exp Neurol 2014; 257:170-81. [PMID: 24792244 PMCID: PMC4141566 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The microtubule (MT) system is important for many aspects of neuronal function, including motility, differentiation, and cargo trafficking. Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with increased oxidative stress and alterations in the integrity of the axodendritic tree. To study dynamic mechanisms underlying the neurite shortening phenotype observed in many PD models, we employed the well-characterized oxidative parkinsonian neurotoxin, 6-hydroxydopamine (6OHDA). In both acute and chronic sub-lethal settings, 6OHDA-induced oxidative stress elicited significant alterations in MT dynamics, including reductions in MT growth rate, increased frequency of MT pauses/retractions, and increased levels of tubulin acetylation. Interestingly, 6OHDA decreased the activity of tubulin deacetylases, specifically sirtuin 2 (SIRT2), through more than one mechanism. Restoration of tubulin deacetylase function rescued the changes in MT dynamics and prevented neurite shortening in neuron-differentiated, 6OHDA-treated cells. These data indicate that impaired tubulin deacetylation contributes to altered MT dynamics in oxidatively-stressed cells, conferring key insights for potential therapeutic strategies to correct MT-related deficits contributing to neuronal aging and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek P Patel
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, 3550 Terrace St., University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Charleen T Chu
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, 3550 Terrace St., University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; The McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; The Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| |
Collapse
|