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Min J, Liu W, Li J. Emerging Role of Interferon-Induced Noncoding RNA in Innate Antiviral Immunity. Viruses 2022; 14:v14122607. [PMID: 36560611 PMCID: PMC9780829 DOI: 10.3390/v14122607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Thousands of unique noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) exist within the genomes of higher eukaryotes. Upon virus infection, the host generates interferons (IFNs), which initiate the expression of hundreds of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) through IFN receptors on the cell surface, establishing a barrier as the host's antiviral innate immunity. With the development of novel RNA-sequencing technology, many IFN-induced ncRNAs have been identified, and increasing attention has been given to their functions as regulators involved in the antiviral innate immune response. IFN-induced ncRNAs regulate the expression of viral proteins, IFNs, and ISGs, as well as host genes that are critical for viral replication, cytokine and chemokine production, and signaling pathway activation. This review summarizes the complex regulatory role of IFN-induced ncRNAs in antiviral innate immunity from the above aspects, aiming to improve understanding of ncRNAs and provide reference for the basic research of antiviral innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Min
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute of Microbiology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Correspondence: (W.L.); (J.L.); Tel./Fax: +86-10-6480-7503 (J.L.)
| | - Jing Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence: (W.L.); (J.L.); Tel./Fax: +86-10-6480-7503 (J.L.)
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2
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IL-28B reprograms tumor-associated macrophages to promote anti-tumor effects in colon cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 109:108799. [PMID: 35525232 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The type III interferon family (IFN-III), including IFN-λ3 [interleukin (IL)-28B], has antiviral, anti-tumor, and immunomodulatory activities. Although the IL-28B anti-tumor effect has been extensively explored, its underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we explored IL-28B effects on colon cancer. Our results show that IL-28B significantly inhibits colon cancer progression in a mouse MC38 tumor cell colonization model and colitis-associated colorectal tumor model. Interestingly, IL-28B does not directly promote apoptosis or inhibit MC38 tumor cell proliferation in vitro. Rather, IL-28B treatment has indirect anti-tumor activity by downregulating tumor-associated macrophages. Furthermore, IL-28B inhibits M2 macrophage polarization in vitro, while also halting M2 macrophage differentiation predominantly via inhibition of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathways. Our findings revealed that IL-28B inhibits M2 macrophages in the tumor microenvironment to delay colon cancer progression. These findings provide novel evidence of IL-28B anti-tumor and immunomodulatory activities.
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3
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Galani IE, Andreakos E. Impaired innate antiviral defenses in COVID-19: Causes, consequences and therapeutic opportunities. Semin Immunol 2021; 55:101522. [PMID: 34815163 PMCID: PMC8576141 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2021.101522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a recently emerged pathogen that has caused coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the worst pandemic of our times leading to tremendous loss of human life and unprecedented measures of social distancing. COVID-19 symptom manifestations range from asymptomatic disease to severe and lethal outcomes. Lack of previous exposure and immunity to SARS-CoV-2, and high infectivity of the virus have contributed to its broad spread across the globe. In the absence of specific adaptive immunity, innate immune mechanisms are crucial for efficient antiviral defenses and control of the infection. Accumulating evidence now suggests that the remarkable heterogeneity in COVID-19 disease manifestations is due to variable degrees of impairment of innate immune mechanisms. In this review, we summarize recent findings describing both viral and host intrinsic factors that have been linked to defective innate immune responses and account for severe COVID-19. We also discuss emerging therapeutic opportunities for targeting innate immunity for the treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna-Evdokia Galani
- Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Soranou Efesiou 4, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Andreakos
- Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Soranou Efesiou 4, 11527, Athens, Greece.
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4
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Cardoso NP, Mansilla FC, Benedetti E, Turco CS, Barone LJ, Iserte JA, Soria I, Baumeister E, Capozzo AV. Bovine Interferon Lambda Is a Potent Antiviral Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in vitro. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:603622. [PMID: 33240967 PMCID: PMC7677234 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.603622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon lambda (IFN-λ) is an antiviral naturally produced in response to viral infections, with activity on cells of epithelial origin and located in the mucosal surfaces. This localized activity results in reduced toxicity compared to type I IFNs, whose receptors are ubiquitously expressed. IFN-λ has been effective in the therapy of respiratory viral infections, playing a crucial role in potentiating adaptive immune responses that initiate at mucosal surfaces. Human IFN-λ has polymorphisms that may cause differences in the interaction with the specific receptor in the human population. Interestingly, bovine IFN-λ3 has an in silico-predicted higher affinity for the human receptor than its human counterparts, with high identity with different human IFN-λ variants, making it a suitable antiviral therapeutic candidate for human health. Here, we demonstrate that a recombinant bovine IFN-λ (rbIFN-λ) produced in HEK-293 cells is effective in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection of VERO cells, with an inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50) between 30 and 50 times lower than that of human type I IFN tested here (α2b and β1a). We also demonstrated the absence of toxicity of rbIFN-λ in human PBMCs and the lack of proinflammatory activity on these cells. Altogether, our results show that rbIFN-λ is as an effective antiviral potentially suitable for COVID-19 therapy. Among other potential applications, rbIFN-λ could be useful to preclude virus dispersion to the lungs and/or to reduce transmission from infected people. Moreover, and due to the non-specific activity of this IFN, it can be potentially effective against other respiratory viruses that may be circulating together with SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Patricia Cardoso
- Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas IVIT, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) – Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Florencia Celeste Mansilla
- Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas IVIT, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) – Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Estefanía Benedetti
- Servicio Virosis Respiratorias, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, INEI–ANLIS “Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán,”Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Soledad Turco
- Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas IVIT, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) – Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Lucas José Barone
- Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas IVIT, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) – Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Javier Alonso Iserte
- Structural Bioinformatics Group, Fundación Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ivana Soria
- Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas IVIT, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) – Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Elsa Baumeister
- Servicio Virosis Respiratorias, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, INEI–ANLIS “Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán,”Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandra Victoria Capozzo
- Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas IVIT, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) – Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham, Argentina
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5
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Broggi A, Granucci F, Zanoni I. Type III interferons: Balancing tissue tolerance and resistance to pathogen invasion. J Exp Med 2020; 217:132623. [PMID: 31821443 PMCID: PMC7037241 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20190295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type III IFNs, or IFN-λ, are the latest addition to the IFN family. Thanks to a restricted pattern of expression of their receptor and to unique immunomodulatory properties, IFN-λ stimulates pathogen clearance while, at the same time, curbing inflammation to maintain barrier integrity. Type III IFNs, or IFN-λ, are the newest members of the IFN family and were long believed to play roles that were redundant with those of type I IFNs. However, IFN-λ displays unique traits that delineate them as primary protectors of barrier integrity at mucosal sites. This unique role stems both from the restricted expression of IFN-λ receptor, confined to epithelial cells and to a limited pool of immune cells, and from unique immunomodulatory properties of IFN-λ. Here, we discuss recent findings that establish the unique capacity of IFN-λ to act at the barriers of the host to balance tissue tolerance and immune resistance against viral and bacterial challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achille Broggi
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Francesca Granucci
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.,National Institute of Molecular Genetics "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy
| | - Ivan Zanoni
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
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6
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Ahn D, Prince A. Participation of the IL-10RB Related Cytokines, IL-22 and IFN-λ in Defense of the Airway Mucosal Barrier. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:300. [PMID: 32637365 PMCID: PMC7318800 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The airway epithelial barrier is a major barrier protecting against clinically significant infections of the lung. Its integrity is often compromised due to mechanical, chemical, or infectious causes. Opportunistic bacterial pathogens are poised to cause parenchymal infection and become difficult to eradicate due to adaptive metabolic changes, biofilm formation, and the acquisition of antimicrobial resistance and fitness genes. Enhancing mucosal defenses by modulating the cytokines that regulate barrier functions, such as interleukin-22 (IL-22) and interferon-λ (IFN-λ), members of the IL-10 family of cytokines, is an attractive approach to prevent these infections that are associated with high morbidity and mortality. These cytokines both signal through the cognate receptor IL-10RB, have related protein structures and common downstream signaling suggesting shared roles in host respiratory defense. They are typically co-expressed in multiple models of infections, but with differing kinetics. IL-22 has an important role in the producing antimicrobial peptides, upregulating expression of junctional proteins in the airway epithelium and working in concert with other inflammatory cytokines such as IL-17. Conversely, IFN-λ, a potent antiviral in influenza infection with pro-inflammatory properties, appears to decrease junctional integrity allowing for bacterial and immune cell translocation. The effects of these cytokines are pleotropic, with pathogen and tissue specific consequences. Understanding how these cytokines work in the mucosal defenses of the respiratory system may suggest potential targets to prevent invasive infections of the damaged lung.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alice Prince
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
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Ma YY, Li JR, Peng ZG, Zhang JP. IL28A protein homotetramer structure is required for autolysosomal degradation of HCV-NS5A in vitro. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:200. [PMID: 32205851 PMCID: PMC7090004 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2400-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Interferon lambda-2 (IL28A) has a wide antiviral effect with fewer side-effects. Autophagy is a host mechanism to maintain intracellular homeostasis and defends invasion of pathogenic microorganisms. HCV NS5A can disable host defense systems to support HCV replication. Thus, molecular mechanism of interaction among interferon lambda, autophagy, and HCV was concerned and explored in this study. We report that HCV NS5A activated an incomplete autophagy by promoting the autophagic ubiquitylation-like enzymes ATG3, ATG5, ATG7, ATG10, and autophagosome maker LC3B, but blocked autophagy flux; IL28A bound to NS5A at NS5A-ISDR region, and degraded HCV-NS5A by promoting autolysosome formations in HepG2 cells. A software prediction of IL28A protein conformation indicated a potential structure of IL28A homotetramer; the first α-helix of IL28A locates in the interfaces among the four IL28A chains to maintain IL28A homotetrameric conformation. Co-IP and cell immunofluorescence experiments with sequential deletion mutants demonstrate that IL28A preferred a homotetramer conformation to a monomer in the cells; the IL28A homotetramer is positively correlated with autolysosomal degradation of HCV NS5A and the other HCV proteins. Summarily, the first α-helix of IL28A protein is the key domain for maintaining IL28A homotetramer which is required for promoting formation of autolysosomes and degradation of HCV proteins in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, the National Health Commission (NHC), Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jian-Rui Li
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, the National Health Commission (NHC), Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zong-Gen Peng
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, the National Health Commission (NHC), Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jing-Pu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, the National Health Commission (NHC), Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Zhou L, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zhang M, Sun W, Dai T, Wang A, Wu X, Zhang S, Wang S, Zhou F. A Dual Role of Type I Interferons in Antitumor Immunity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 4:e1900237. [PMID: 33245214 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201900237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFN-Is) are a family of cytokines that exert direct antiviral effects and regulate innate and adaptive immune responses through direct and indirect mechanisms. It is generally believed that IFN-Is repress tumor development via restricting tumor proliferation and inducing antitumor immune responses. However, recent emerging evidence suggests that IFN-Is play a dual role in antitumor immunity. That is, in the early stage of tumorigenesis, IFN-Is promote the antitumor immune response by enhancing antigen presentation in antigen-presenting cells and activating CD8+ T cells. However, in the late stage of tumor progression, persistent expression of IFN-Is induces the expression of immunosuppressive factors (PD-L1, IDO, and IL-10) on the surface of dendritic cells and other bone marrow cells and inhibits their antitumor immunity. This review outlines these dual functions of IFN-Is in antitumor immunity and elucidates the involved mechanisms, as well as their applications in tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, The Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, The Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yongqiang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, The Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Meirong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, The Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Wenhuan Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, The Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Tong Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, The Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Aijun Wang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Xiaojin Wu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Suping Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Pharmacology, Base for international Science and Technology Cooperation: Carson Cancer Stem Cell Vaccines R&D Center, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, The Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Fangfang Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, The Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
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Mendes V, Galvão I, Vieira AT. Mechanisms by Which the Gut Microbiota Influences Cytokine Production and Modulates Host Inflammatory Responses. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2019; 39:393-409. [PMID: 31013453 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2019.0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract encounters a wide variety of microorganisms, including beneficial symbionts, pathobionts, and pathogens. Recent evidence has shown that the gut microbiota, directly or indirectly through its components, such as metabolites, actively participates in the host inflammatory response by cytokine-microbiota or microbiota-cytokine modulation interactions, both in the gut and systemically. Therefore, further elucidation of host cytokine molecular pathways and microbiota components will provide a novel and promising therapeutic approach to control or prevent inflammatory disease and to maintain host homeostasis. The purpose of this review is to summarize well-established scientific findings and provide an updated overview regarding the direct and indirect mechanisms by which the gut microbiota can influence the inflammatory response by modulating the host's cytokine pathways that are mostly involved, but not exclusively so, with gut homeostasis. In addition, we will highlight recent results from our group, which suggest that the microbiota promotes cytokine release from inflammatory cells though activation of microbial metabolite sensor receptors that are more highly expressed on inflammatory and intestinal epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviani Mendes
- 1 Laboratory of Microbiota and Immunomodulation, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,2 Department of General Biology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Izabela Galvão
- 3 Department of Cellular Biology ICB, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Angelica Thomaz Vieira
- 1 Laboratory of Microbiota and Immunomodulation, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,2 Department of General Biology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Chen JY, Wang CM, Chen TD, Jan Wu YJ, Lin JC, Lu LY, Wu J. Interferon-λ3/4 genetic variants and interferon-λ3 serum levels are biomarkers of lupus nephritis and disease activity in Taiwanese. Arthritis Res Ther 2018; 20:193. [PMID: 30157968 PMCID: PMC6116434 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-018-1683-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type III interferons (IFNs) or IFN-λs are the newly discovered cytokines that primarily target the cells of epithelial and myeloid lineages, which are major components of kidneys. The current study aimed to investigate whether IFN-λs are involved in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and lupus nephritis. METHODS TaqMan allele discrimination assays were used to determine IFNL3/4 SNP genotypes of 1620 healthy controls and 1013 SLE patients (two independent cohorts consisting of 831 and 182 subjects, respectively) from Taiwan. The distributions of IFNL3/4 SNP genotypes and allele frequencies were compared between SLE patients and healthy controls and among SLE patients stratified by clinical phenotypes. ELISA was used to determine the serum IFN-λ3 concentrations of SLE patients. RESULTS All major IFN3/4 SNP alleles were significantly associated with the risk for lupus nephritis (rs8099917T, PFDR = 0.0021, OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.24-2.47; rs12979860C, PFDR = 0.0034, OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.18-2.30; rs4803217C, PFDR = 0.0021, OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.25-2.48; and ss469415590TT, PFDR = 0.0021, OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.23-2.42) among SLE patients. Similarly, the major IFNL3/4 SNP haplotype rs8099917T-ss469415590TT-rs12979860C-rs4803217C (or T-TT-C-C) was a significant risk factor for lupus nephritis (P = 0.0015, OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.22-2.32). Additionally, all minor IFN3/4 SNP alleles were significantly associated with SLE susceptibility in nephritis-negative SLE patients as compared to normal healthy controls (rs8099917G, PFDR = 0.00177, OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.24-2.28; rs12979860T, PFDR = 0.00299, OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.18-2.32; rs4803217A, PFDR = 0.00176, OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.22-2.23; and ss469415590ΔG, PFDR = 0.00176, OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.26-2.29). Furthermore, the elevated serum levels of IFN-λ3 were significantly correlated with the complement depression and the high SLE disease activities in SLE patients. CONCLUSIONS IFN-λ3/4 genetic variants play a unique role in the development of lupus nephritis and SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yih Chen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 5, Fu-Shin St. Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Man Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 5, Fu-Shin St. Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Di Chen
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Yeong-Jian Jan Wu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 5, Fu-Shin St. Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Chi Lin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 5, Fu-Shin St. Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Ling Ying Lu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy Immunology and Rheumatology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, No. 386, Dazhong 1st Rd, Zuoying District, Kaohsiung City, 81362 Taiwan
| | - Jianming Wu
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, 235B Animal Science/Vet. Med. Bldg, 1988 Fitch Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108 USA
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Chen J, Liang Y, Yi P, Xu L, Hawkins HK, Rossi SL, Soong L, Cai J, Menon R, Sun J. Outcomes of Congenital Zika Disease Depend on Timing of Infection and Maternal-Fetal Interferon Action. Cell Rep 2018; 21:1588-1599. [PMID: 29117563 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.10.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy in humans results in intrauterine growth restriction, spontaneous abortion, and microcephaly. Here, we found that fetus-derived type I interferon (IFN-I) signaling can enhance anti-ZIKV responses and provide clinical benefits to the fetus. Because IFN-λ shares signaling cascades and antiviral functions with IFN-I, we investigated the in vivo effects of IFN-λ in ZIKV-infected pregnant mice. IFN-λ administration during mid-pregnancy reduced ZIKV burden in maternal and fetal organs and alleviated placental injuries and fetal demise. In addition, prophylactic and therapeutic treatment of IFN-λ1 in a human trophoblast line, as well as in primary human amniotic epithelial cells, greatly reduced the ZIKV burden. Our data highlight IFN-λ1 as a potential therapeutic useful for women at risk for congenital Zika disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinling Chen
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Yuejin Liang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Panpan Yi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis of Hunan, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Lanman Xu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hal K Hawkins
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Shannan L Rossi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Lynn Soong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Jiyang Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Jiaren Sun
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
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12
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Ealy AD, Wooldridge LK. The evolution of interferon-tau. Reproduction 2018; 154:F1-F10. [PMID: 28982935 DOI: 10.1530/rep-17-0292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Thirty years ago, a novel type I interferon (IFN) was identified by molecular cloning of cDNA libraries constructed from RNA extracted from ovine and bovine pre-implantation embryos. This protein was eventually designated as IFN-tau (IFNT) to highlight its trophoblast-dependent expression. IFNT function is not immune related. Instead, it interacts with the maternal system to initiate the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. This activity is indispensable for the continuation of pregnancy. Our review will describe how IFNT evolved from other type I IFNs to function in this new capacity. IFNT genes have only been identified in pecoran ruminants within the Artiodactyla order (e.g. cattle, sheep, goats, deer, antelope, giraffe). The ancestral IFNT gene emerged approximately 36 million years ago most likely from rearrangement and/or insertion events that combined an ancestral IFN-omega (IFNW) gene with a trophoblast-specifying promoter/enhancer. Since then, IFNT genes have duplicated, likely through conversion events, and mutations have allowed them to adapt to their new function in concert with the emergence of different species. Multiple IFNT polymorphisms have been identified in cattle, sheep and goats. These genes and gene alleles encode proteins that do not display identical antiviral, antiproliferative and antiluteolytic activities. The need for multiple IFNT genes, numerous alleles and distinct activities remains debatable, but the consensus is that this complexity in IFNT expression and biological activity must be needed to provide the best opportunity for pregnancy to be recognized by the maternal system so that gestation may continue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan D Ealy
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Lydia K Wooldridge
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
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13
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Sun L, Li Y, Jia X, Wang Q, Li Y, Hu M, Tian L, Yang J, Xing W, Zhang W, Wang J, Xu H, Wang L, Zhang D, Ren H. Neuroprotection by IFN-γ via astrocyte-secreted IL-6 in acute neuroinflammation. Oncotarget 2018; 8:40065-40078. [PMID: 28454116 PMCID: PMC5522245 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation eliminates pathogenic infections while also threatening the integrity of the central nervous system. In this study, using in vivo and in vitro models of acute neuroinflammation, we investigated the mechanisms by which inflammation and astrocytes affect neuronal apoptosis. The in vitro model mimicked acute neuroinflammation by incubation in IFN-γ-containing media with primary cultured cerebellar granule neurons, with or without cultured astrocytes. This quickly induced neuronal apoptosis characterized by cleaved caspase-3 expression, Hoechst 33342 staining, and intercellular Ca2+ influx, whereas the presence of astrocytes significantly protected neurons from these effects. IFN-γ in the inflammation media also promoted astrocyte secretion of IL-6, essential for protection. The supernatants of rat peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated by lymphocyte mitogen lipopolysaccharide or concanavalin A were used as inflammation media to verify the results. The in vivo model involved a peripheral challenge with lipopolysaccharide, with or without recombinant IFN-γ, in C57BL/6 mice. This confirmed the in vitro results: anti-IFN-γ antibodies exacerbated the acute course of neuroinflammation and led to neurocyte apoptosis in vivo. The pro-inflammatory cytokine IFN-γ provided neuroprotection during acute neuroinflammation via induction of astrocyte-secreted IL-6. The findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms of neuroprotection by IFN-γ during acute neuroinflammation, and may impact therapies for inflammation-related central nervous system injury and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Sun
- Department of Immunology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunity, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Immunology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunity, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Xiuzhi Jia
- Department of Immunology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunity, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Immunology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunity, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Yue Li
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Disease, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Minghui Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital to Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Linlu Tian
- Department of Immunology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunity, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Jinfeng Yang
- Department of Immunology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunity, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Wenjing Xing
- Department of Immunology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunity, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jingtao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The Public Health Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongwei Xu
- Department of Immunology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunity, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Lihua Wang
- Department of Neuroscience, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dekai Zhang
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Disease, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Huan Ren
- Department of Immunology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunity, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
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14
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Egli A, Mandal J, Schumann DM, Roth M, Thomas B, Lorne Tyrrell D, Blasi F, Kostikas K, Boersma W, Milenkovic B, Lacoma A, Rentsch K, Rohde GGU, Louis R, Aerts JG, Welte T, Torres A, Tamm M, Stolz D. IFNΛ3/4 locus polymorphisms and IFNΛ3 circulating levels are associated with COPD severity and outcomes. BMC Pulm Med 2018; 18:51. [PMID: 29562888 PMCID: PMC5861655 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-018-0616-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interferon lambdas (IFNLs) have important anti-viral/bacterial and immunomodulatory functions in the respiratory tract. How do IFNLs impact COPD and its exacerbations? METHODS Five hundred twenty eight patients were recruited in a prospective observational multicentre cohort (PROMISE) study. The genetic polymorphisms (rs8099917 and rs12979860) within the IFNL3/4 gene region and circulating levels of IFNL3 in COPD patients were determined and associated with disease activity and outcome during a median follow-up of 24 months. RESULTS The GG genotype significantly influenced severe exacerbation rate (42 vs. 23%; p = 0.032) and time to severe exacerbation (HR = 2.260; p = 0.012). Compared to the TT or TG genotypes, the GG genotype was associated with severe dyspnoea (modified medical research council score ≥ median 3; 22 vs 42%, p = 0.030). The CC genotype of the rs12979860 SNP was associated with a poorer prognosis (body mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnea and exercise capacity index ≥ median 4; 46 vs. 36% TC vs. 20.5% TT; p = 0.031). Patients with stable COPD and at exacerbation had significantly lower circulating IFNL3 compared to healthy controls (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). Circulating IFNL3 correlated to post-bronchodilator FEV1%predicted and the tissue maturation biomarker Pro-collagen 3. CONCLUSION IFNL3/4 polymorphisms and circulating IFNL3 may be associated with disease activity and outcomes in COPD. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Trial registration http://www.isrctn.com/ identifier ISRCTN99586989 on 16 April 2008.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Egli
- Applied Microbiology Research, Department of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jyotshna Mandal
- Clinic of Pneumology and Pulmonary Cell Research, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Desiree M. Schumann
- Clinic of Pneumology and Pulmonary Cell Research, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Roth
- Clinic of Pneumology and Pulmonary Cell Research, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Brad Thomas
- Li Ka Shing Institute for Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - D. Lorne Tyrrell
- Li Ka Shing Institute for Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Francesco Blasi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Kostantinos Kostikas
- Clinic of Pneumology and Pulmonary Cell Research, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wim Boersma
- Department of Pneumology, Medisch Centrum Alkmaar, Alkmaar, The Netherlands
| | | | - Alicia Lacoma
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | | | - Gernot G. U. Rohde
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Renaud Louis
- Department of Pneumology, CHU Liege, University of Liege, GIGAI Research Group, Liege, Belgium
| | - Joachim G. Aerts
- Department of Pneumology, Amphia Hospital/Erasmus MC, Breda, The Netherlands
| | - Tobias Welte
- Department of Pneumology, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Antoni Torres
- Department of Pneumology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michael Tamm
- Clinic of Pneumology and Pulmonary Cell Research, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daiana Stolz
- Clinic of Pneumology and Pulmonary Cell Research, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
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15
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Germline polymorphism of interferon-lambda3 is clinically associated with progression of renal cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 9:4188-4199. [PMID: 29423114 PMCID: PMC5790531 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is an immunogenic tumor that shows a metabolic shift to aerobic glycolysis. The immune system can have opposing host-protective and tumor-promoting effects, and aerobic glycolysis suppresses antitumor immunity. In addition to immunostimulatory effect, increasing numbers of studies have revealed that interferon (IFN) is also involved in promoting immunosuppression. Since various single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can influence the outcome of anticancer therapy, we investigated SNPs for IFN-lambda3, a new member of IFN family, in 53 patients with metastatic RCC who underwent cytoreductive nephrectomy. The 16 patients who were heterozygous/homozygous for the minor alleles of SNPs for IFN-lambda3 had a significantly worse response to sequential vascular endothelial growth factor-targeting therapy (P = 0.0029) and shorter survival (P = 0.0033) compared with the 37 patients possessing the major alleles of SNPs for IFN-lambda3. In these 16 patients, the primary tumor showed elevated glucose uptake on positron emission tomography with [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose (P = 0.0160) and increased expression of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and phosphorylated serine/threonine kinase Akt (P = 0.0006 and P = 0.0043, respectively) compared to the tumors of the patients without these alleles. Since IFN-induced PD-L1 expression on either tumor cells or tumor-infiltrating mononuclear cells can trigger immunosuppression due to crosstalk between cancer cells and T cells, IFN-lambda3 polymorphism might be linked to the immunosuppressive effects of IFNs in cancer. Although this retrospective study lacks mechanistic insight, our findings suggest that IFN-lambda3 polymorphism might be relevant to the progression of RCC.
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16
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Andreakos E, Salagianni M, Galani IE, Koltsida O. Interferon-λs: Front-Line Guardians of Immunity and Homeostasis in the Respiratory Tract. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1232. [PMID: 29033947 PMCID: PMC5626824 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Type III interferons (IFNs), also termed lambda IFNs (IFNλs) or interleukins-28/29, constitute a new addition to the IFN family. They are induced upon infection and are particularly abundant at barrier surfaces, such as the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. Although they signal through a unique heterodimeric receptor complex comprising IFNLR1 and IL10RB, they activate a downstream signaling pathway remarkably similar to that of type I IFNs and share many functions with them. Yet, they also have important differences which are only now starting to unfold. Here, we review the current literature implicating type III IFNs in the regulation of immunity and homeostasis in the respiratory tract. We survey the common and unique characteristics of type III IFNs in terms of expression patterns, cellular targets, and biological activities and discuss their emerging role in first line defenses against respiratory viral infections. We further explore their immune modulatory functions and their involvement in the regulation of inflammatory responses during chronic respiratory diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Type III IFNs are, therefore, arising as front-line guardians of immune defenses in the respiratory tract, fine tuning inflammation, and as potential novel therapeutics for the treatment of diverse respiratory diseases, including influenza virus infection and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Andreakos
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Salagianni
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna E Galani
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ourania Koltsida
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
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17
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Interferon-λ Mediates Non-redundant Front-Line Antiviral Protection against Influenza Virus Infection without Compromising Host Fitness. Immunity 2017; 46:875-890.e6. [PMID: 28514692 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2017.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 316] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lambda interferons (IFNλs) or type III IFNs share homology, expression patterns, signaling cascades, and antiviral functions with type I IFNs. This has complicated the unwinding of their unique non-redundant roles. Through the systematic study of influenza virus infection in mice, we herein show that IFNλs are the first IFNs produced that act at the epithelial barrier to suppress initial viral spread without activating inflammation. If infection progresses, type I IFNs come into play to enhance viral resistance and induce pro-inflammatory responses essential for confronting infection but causing immunopathology. Central to this are neutrophils which respond to both cytokines to upregulate antimicrobial functions but exhibit pro-inflammatory activation only to type I IFNs. Accordingly, Ifnlr1-/- mice display enhanced type I IFN production, neutrophilia, lung injury, and lethality, while therapeutic administration of PEG-IFNλ potently suppresses these effects. IFNλs therefore constitute the front line of antiviral defense in the lung without compromising host fitness.
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18
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de Freitas AC, de Oliveira THA, Barros MR, Venuti A. hrHPV E5 oncoprotein: immune evasion and related immunotherapies. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2017; 36:71. [PMID: 28545552 PMCID: PMC5445378 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0541-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The immune response is a key factor in the fight against HPV infection and related cancers, and thus, HPV is able to promote immune evasion through the expression of oncogenes. In particular, the E5 oncogene is responsible for modulation of several immune mechanisms, including antigen presentation and inflammatory pathways. Moreover, E5 was suggested as a promising therapeutic target, since there is still no effective medical therapy for the treatment of HPV-related pre-neoplasia and cancer. Indeed, several studies have shown good prospective for E5 immunotherapy, suggesting that it could be applied for the treatment of pre-cancerous lesions. Thus, insofar as the majority of cervical, oropharyngeal and anal cancers are caused by high-risk HPV (hrHPV), mainly by HPV16, the aim of this review is to discuss the immune pathways interfered by E5 oncoprotein of hrHPV highlighting the various aspects of the potential immunotherapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Carlos de Freitas
- Department of Genetics, Laboratory of Molecular Studies and Experimental Therapy (LEMTE), Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, CEP 50670-901, Brazil.
| | - Talita Helena Araújo de Oliveira
- Department of Genetics, Laboratory of Molecular Studies and Experimental Therapy (LEMTE), Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, CEP 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Marconi Rego Barros
- Department of Genetics, Laboratory of Molecular Studies and Experimental Therapy (LEMTE), Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, CEP 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Aldo Venuti
- Department of Research, HPV-Unit, UOSD Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, Advanced Diagnostic and Technological Innovation, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
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19
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Röll S, Härtle S, Lütteke T, Kaspers B, Härtle S. Tissue and time specific expression pattern of interferon regulated genes in the chicken. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:264. [PMID: 28351377 PMCID: PMC5371264 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3641-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Type I interferons are major players against viral infections and mediate their function by the induction of Interferon regulated genes (IRGs). Recently, it became obvious that these cytokines have a multitude of additional functions. Due to the unique features of the chickens’ immune system, available data from mouse models are not easily transferable; hence we performed an extensive analysis of chicken IRGs. Results A broad database search for homologues to described mammalian IRGs (common IRGs, cIRGs) was combined with a transcriptome analysis of spleen and lung at different time points after application of IFNα. To apply physiological amounts of IFN, half-life of IFN in the chicken was determined. Interestingly, the calculated 36 min are considerably shorter than the ones obtained for human and mouse. Microarray analysis revealed many additional IRGs (newly identified IRGs; nIRGs) and network analysis for selected IRGs showed a broad interaction of nIRGs among each other and with cIRGs. We found that IRGs exhibit a highly tissue and time specific expression pattern as expression quality and quantity differed strongly between spleen and lung and over time. While in the spleen for many affected genes changes in RNA abundance peaked already after 3 h, an increasing or plateau-like regulation after 3, 6 and 9 h was observed in the lung. Conclusions The induction or suppression of IRGs in chickens is both tissue and time specific and beside known antiviral mechanisms type I IFN induces many additional cellular functions. We confirmed many known IRGs and established a multitude of so far undescribed ones, thus providing a large database for future research on antiviral mechanisms and additional IFN functions in non-mammalian species. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3641-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Röll
- Department for Veterinary Science, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Härtle
- formerly Department for Veterinary Science, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Lütteke
- Department for Veterinary Science, University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, JLU Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Bernd Kaspers
- Department for Veterinary Science, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sonja Härtle
- Department for Veterinary Science, University of Munich, Munich, Germany. .,Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, JLU Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
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20
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Wang W, Xu L, Su J, Peppelenbosch MP, Pan Q. Transcriptional Regulation of Antiviral Interferon-Stimulated Genes. Trends Microbiol 2017; 25:573-584. [PMID: 28139375 PMCID: PMC7127685 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) are a group of gene products that coordinately combat pathogen invasions, in particular viral infections. Transcription of ISGs occurs rapidly upon pathogen invasion, and this is classically provoked via activation of the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK–STAT) pathway, mainly by interferons (IFNs). However, a plethora of recent studies have reported a variety of non-canonical mechanisms regulating ISG transcription. These new studies are extremely important for understanding the quantitative and temporal differences in ISG transcription under specific circumstances. Because these canonical and non-canonical regulatory mechanisms are essential for defining the nature of host defense and associated detrimental proinflammatory effects, we comprehensively review the state of this rapidly evolving field and the clinical implications of recently acquired knowledge in this respect. Transcriptional regulation of ISGs defines the state of host anti-pathogen defense. In light of the recently identified regulatory elements and mechanisms of the IFN–JAK–STAT pathway, new insights have been gained into this classical cascade in regulating ISG transcription. A variety of non-canonical mechanisms have been recently revealed that coordinately regulate ISG transcription. With regards to the adverse effects of IFNs in clinic, ISG-based antiviral strategy could be the next promising frontier in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center and Postgraduate School Molecular Medicine, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center and Postgraduate School Molecular Medicine, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Junhong Su
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, PR China
| | - Maikel P Peppelenbosch
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center and Postgraduate School Molecular Medicine, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Qiuwei Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center and Postgraduate School Molecular Medicine, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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21
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Apostolou E, Kapsogeorgou EK, Konsta OD, Giotakis I, Saridaki MI, Andreakos E, Tzioufas AG. Expression of type III interferons (IFNλs) and their receptor in Sjögren's syndrome. Clin Exp Immunol 2016; 186:304-312. [PMID: 27613139 PMCID: PMC5108072 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Type III interferons (IFNs) or IFN-λs (IFN-λ1/IL29, IFN-λ2/interleukin (IL)-28A and IFN-λ3/IL-28B) consist of a recently identified group of IFNs, implicated initially in several human diseases, including cancer and autoimmunity. In this study, we sought to investigate the expression of type III IFNs and their common receptor IFN-λR1/IL-28Ra in Sjögren's syndrome (SS). Type III IFN expression was examined in minor salivary gland tissues (MSG), peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), sera and resting or Toll-like receptor (TLR)-stimulated salivary gland epithelial cells (SGEC) from SS patients and sicca-complaining controls. All type III IFN family members were detected in ductal and acinar epithelia of MSGs from both SS patients and sicca controls. IFN-λ2/IL-28A and IFN-λ3/IL-28B were also expressed in infiltrating mononuclear cells. In SS patients with intermediate MSG lesions, the epithelial expression of IFN-λ2/IL-28A was more intense compared to sicca controls (P < 0·05). The receptor IFN-λR1/IL-28Ra was detected in all types of cells except fibroblasts, and was exceptionally strong in plasmatocytoid dendritic cells, indicating that they are susceptible to type III IFN-mediated regulation. In the periphery, only IFN-λ1/IL-29 was detected in the sera and was elevated significantly in SS patients with intermediate MSG inflammatory lesions compared to sicca controls (P = 0·0053). None of the type III IFNs was expressed constitutively in resting SGECs; they were all induced readily by TLR-3 stimulation, suggesting that the in-situ epithelial expression can be attributed to local microenvironment. Type III IFNs are expressed in MSGs in a similar pattern to type I IFNs and their expression is probably subjected to micro-environmental regulation, suggesting that they are implicated in the inflammatory processes occurring in the affected exocrine glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Apostolou
- Pathophysiology DepartmentNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
- Academic Joint Rheumatology ProgramNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - E. K. Kapsogeorgou
- Pathophysiology DepartmentNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
- Academic Joint Rheumatology ProgramNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - O. D. Konsta
- Pathophysiology DepartmentNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
- Academic Joint Rheumatology ProgramNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - I. Giotakis
- 2nd Otolaryngology Department, ‘Attikon’ University Hospital, School of MedicineNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - M. I. Saridaki
- Department of ImmunologyCenter for Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of AthensAthensGreece
| | - E. Andreakos
- Department of ImmunologyCenter for Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of AthensAthensGreece
| | - A. G. Tzioufas
- Pathophysiology DepartmentNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
- Academic Joint Rheumatology ProgramNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
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22
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Diaz-San Segundo F, Montiel NA, Sturza DF, Perez-Martin E, Hickman D, Ramirez-Medina E, Grubman MJ, de Los Santos T. Combination of Adt-O1Manisa and Ad5-boIFNλ3 induces early protective immunity against foot-and-mouth disease in cattle. Virology 2016; 499:340-349. [PMID: 27743960 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2016.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth-disease (FMD) remains the most infectious livestock disease worldwide. Although commercially available inactivated or adenovirus-vectored-vaccines (Ad5-FMD) are effective, they require 5-7 days to induce protection. Therefore, new control strategies that stimulate rapid immune responses are needed. Expression of bovine interferon λ3 using the Ad5-vector platform (Ad5-boIFNλ3) is able to delay disease in cattle, but clinical signs appear at 9 days after challenge. We hypothesized that combination of Ad5-boIFNλ3 and Ad5-FMD could induce immediate and lasting protection against FMD. Cattle were vaccinated with an Ad5-FMD, Ad5-boIFNλ3, or the combination of both, followed by challenge at three days post-immunization. All animals treated with Ad5-FMD combined with Ad5-boIFNλ3 were fully protected against FMD, despite the absence of systemic neutralizing antibodies or antiviral activity at the time of challenge. Induction of a strong cell-mediated immune response suggested that Ad5-boIFNλ3 is able to act as an adjuvant of Ad5-FMD vaccine in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayna Diaz-San Segundo
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, North Atlantic Area, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY 11944, USA; Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Nestor A Montiel
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, North Atlantic Area, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY 11944, USA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Plum Island Animal Disease Center Research Participation Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Diego F Sturza
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, North Atlantic Area, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY 11944, USA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Plum Island Animal Disease Center Research Participation Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Eva Perez-Martin
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, North Atlantic Area, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY 11944, USA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Plum Island Animal Disease Center Research Participation Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Danielle Hickman
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, North Atlantic Area, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY 11944, USA
| | - Elizabeth Ramirez-Medina
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, North Atlantic Area, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY 11944, USA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Plum Island Animal Disease Center Research Participation Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Marvin J Grubman
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, North Atlantic Area, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY 11944, USA
| | - Teresa de Los Santos
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, North Atlantic Area, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY 11944, USA.
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23
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Arpaci D, Karakas Celik S, Can M, Cakmak Genc G, Kuzu F, Unal M, Bayraktaroglu T. Increased Serum Levels of IL-28 and IL-29 and the Protective Effect of IL28B rs8099917 Polymorphism in Patients with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. Immunol Invest 2016; 45:668-78. [PMID: 27617784 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2016.1208215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is thought to result from decreased T helper type 2 (Th2) responses, leading to the progressive destruction of thyrocytes. IFN-λ1, -λ2, and -λ3 (also known as IL-29, IL-28A, and IL-28B, respectively) are recently described members of the IFN-λ family and have been shown to decrease the production of Th2 cytokines in vitro. However, the role and mechanism of IFN-λ1 in HT remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine whether IL29 and IL28B gene polymorphisms are susceptibility genes for the development of HT. Also, we investigated the effects of IL-29 and IL-28 serum levels in the pathogenesis of HT. Using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IL28B rs8099917 (IL28 G/T) and IL29 rs30461 (IL29 T/C) were studied in 99 patients with HT and 100 healthy controls. Considering the allelic distribution of the IL28 G/T polymorphism, a higher frequency of the G allele was observed in the control group versus the HT group. Thus, it was suggested that the G allele may be protective against HT pathogenesis (OR = 0.388, 95% CI = 0.217-0.693; p = 0.001). Our findings also demonstrated that there was a statistically significant difference in serum IL-28 and IL-29 levels between case and control groups (p < 0.001). Increased serum levels of IL-28 and IL-29 were found in patients with HT. However, we did not find a relationship between the IL29 gene polymorphism and HT. In conclusion, the IL28B gene polymorphism and serum IL-28 and IL-29 levels seem to play a role in the pathogenesis of HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Arpaci
- a Bulent Ecevit University , Faculty of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism , Zonguldak , Turkey
| | - Sevim Karakas Celik
- b Bulent Ecevit University , Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics , Zonguldak Turkey
| | - Murat Can
- c Bulent Ecevit University , Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry , Zonguldak , Turkey
| | - Gunes Cakmak Genc
- d Bulent Ecevit University , Faculty of Medicine, Department of Genetics , Zonguldak , Turkey
| | - Fatih Kuzu
- a Bulent Ecevit University , Faculty of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism , Zonguldak , Turkey
| | - Mustafa Unal
- a Bulent Ecevit University , Faculty of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism , Zonguldak , Turkey
| | - Taner Bayraktaroglu
- a Bulent Ecevit University , Faculty of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism , Zonguldak , Turkey
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24
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Abstract
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) are the most severe coronavirus (CoV)-associated diseases in humans. The causative agents, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, are of zoonotic origin but may be transmitted to humans, causing severe and often fatal respiratory disease in their new host. The two coronaviruses are thought to encode an unusually large number of factors that allow them to thrive and replicate in the presence of efficient host defense mechanisms, especially the antiviral interferon system. Here, we review the recent progress in our understanding of the strategies that highly pathogenic coronaviruses employ to escape, dampen, or block the antiviral interferon response in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kindler
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Institute of Virology and Immunology, Bern and Mittelhäusern, Switzerland
| | - V Thiel
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Institute of Virology and Immunology, Bern and Mittelhäusern, Switzerland
| | - F Weber
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
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25
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Suprunenko T, Hofer MJ. The emerging role of interferon regulatory factor 9 in the antiviral host response and beyond. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2016; 29:35-43. [PMID: 26987614 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The host response to viral infections relies on tightly regulated and intricate signaling pathways involving type I interferons (IFN-Is). The IFN-Is mediate their antiviral effects predominantly through a signaling factor complex that comprises the transcription factors, interferon regulatory factor 9 (IRF9) and the signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) 1 and STAT2. While STAT1 and STAT2 have been studied extensively, the biological significance of IRF9 is only beginning to emerge. Recent studies have revealed a unique role for IRF9 as a conductor of the cellular responses to IFN-Is. Intriguingly, novel roles for IRF9 outside of the antiviral response are also being identified. Thus IRF9 may have a more extensive influence on cellular processes than previously recognized, ranging from antiviral immune responses to oncogenesis and gut homeostasis. In this review, we will focus on the distinct and emerging roles of IRF9 in the antiviral host response and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Suprunenko
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The Charles Perkins Centre and the Bosch Institute, Maze Crescent G08, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Markus J Hofer
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The Charles Perkins Centre and the Bosch Institute, Maze Crescent G08, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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