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Jiang Y, Chen L, Zeng J, Wang Y, Chen Y, Chen S, Xu J, He X. Anti-inflammatory monoterpenes from morinda (Morinda officinalis How.). PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 220:114034. [PMID: 38382668 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Morinda (Morinda officinalis How.) is widely consumed as a functional food owing to its potential to promote health. This study investigated the anti-inflammatory phytochemicals of morinda and isolated 30 monoterpenes, including 6 undescribed iridoids (1, 6, 9-11 and 25), 2 undescribed acyclic monoterpenoids (28, 29), a known acyclic monoterpenoid and 21 known iridoids. Their chemical and stereo-structures were elucidated based on HR-ESI-MS, NMR, 13C-NMR calculations, ECD data and ECD calculations. Notably, compounds 11, 12 and 20 exerted pronounced inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 macrophages, with IC50 values of 28.51 ± 1.70, 25.45 ± 4.17 and 29.17 ± 3.71 μM respectively (indomethacin, IC50 of 33.68 ± 2.19 μM). The same compounds exert anti-inflammatory effects by blocking nuclear translocation of nuclear factor κ-B, and down-regulating the expression of inflammatory cytokines such as cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 at mRNA and protein levels in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that moderate consumption of morinda helps prevent and reduce the occurrence of inflammatory-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Lead Compounds & Drug Discovery, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Lead Compounds & Drug Discovery, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jia Zeng
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yihai Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Lead Compounds & Drug Discovery, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Siting Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jingwen Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Lead Compounds & Drug Discovery, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiangjiu He
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Lead Compounds & Drug Discovery, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Al-Shuhaib MBS, Al-Shuhaib JMB. Phytochemistry, pharmacology, and medical uses of Oldenlandia (family Rubaceae): a review. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:2021-2053. [PMID: 37837473 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02756-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
The Oldenlandia genus comprises approximately 240 species of plants, yet only a limited number of these have been investigated for their chemical composition and medicinal properties. These species contain a wide range of compounds such as iridoids, anthraquinones, triterpenes, phytosterols, flavonoids, anthocyanidins, vitamins, essential oils, phenolic acids, and coumarins. These diverse phytochemical profiles underscore the pharmacological potential of Oldenlandia plants for various medical purposes. Among other chemical constituents, ursolic acid stands out as the most important active compound in Oldenlandia, owing to its proven anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and hepatoprotective properties. The evaluation of Oldenlandia's pharmacological prospects indicates that the holistic utilization of the entire plant yields the most significant effects. Oldenlandia diffusa showcases anticancer and anti-inflammatory capabilities attributed to its varying constituents. Across a broad spectrum of pharmacological capacities, anticancer research predominates, constituting the majority of medical uses. Oldenlandia diffusa emerges as a standout for its remarkable anticancer effects against diverse malignancies. Antioxidant applications follow, with O. corymbosa demonstrating potent antioxidant properties alongside O. umbellata and O. diffusa. Subsequent priority lies in anti-inflammatory studies, wherein O. diffusa exhibits noteworthy efficacy, trailed by O. corymbosa also takes the lead in antimicrobial activity, with O. umbellata as a strong contender. Additional investigation is essential to ascertain the relative significance of these species in various pharmacological applications. This comprehensive assessment underscores the multifaceted potential of Oldenlandia as a versatile herbal resource, offering diverse pharmacological capacities. The call for sustained exploration and research remains essential to unlock the full extent of Oldenlandia's medicinal benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Baqur S Al-Shuhaib
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University, Al-Qasim 8, Babil, 51001, Iraq.
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Hou Z, Sun L, Jiang Z, Zeng T, Wu P, Huang J, Liu H, Xiao P. Neuropharmacological insights into Gardenia jasminoides Ellis: Harnessing therapeutic potential for central nervous system disorders. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 125:155374. [PMID: 38301302 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In China, Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (GJE) has a longstanding history of application. The Ministry of Health has listed it as one of the first pharmaceutical or food resources. In ethnic, traditional, and folk medicine, GJE has been used to treat fever and cold and relieve nervous anxiety. Recent studies have confirmed the significant efficacy of GJE for treating central nervous system (CNS) disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and major depressive disorder; however, GJE has not been systematically evaluated. PURPOSE This research systematically summarizes global studies on the use of GJE for treating CNS disorders and explores the potential applications and underlying mechanisms via intestinal flora analysis and network pharmacology, aiming to establish a scientific basis for innovative CNS disorder treatment with GJE. METHODS The PRISMA guidelines were used, and electronic databases such as the Web of Science, PubMed, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched using the following search terms: "Gardenia jasminoides Ellis" with "central nervous system disease," "neuroprotection," "Alzheimer's disease," "Parkinson's disease," "ischemic stroke," "Epilepsy," and "major depressive disorder." The published literature up to September 2023 was searched to obtain relevant information on the application of GJE for treating CNS disorders. RESULTS There has been an increase in research on the material formulation and mechanisms of action of GJE for treating CNS disorders, with marked effects on CNS disorder treatment in different countries and regions. We summarized the research results related to the role of GJE in vitro and in vivo via multitargeted interventions in response to the complex mechanisms of action of CNS disorders. CONCLUSION We systematically reviewed the research progress on traditional treatment for GJE and preclinical mechanisms of CNS disorders and explored the potential of optimizing network pharmacology strategies and intestinal flora analysis to elucidate the mechanisms of action of GJE. The remarkable therapeutic efficacy of GJE, an important resource in traditional medicine, has been well documented in the literature, highlighting its significant medicinal potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Hou
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Le Sun
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Zheyu Jiang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Tiexin Zeng
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Peiling Wu
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Jiali Huang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Haibo Liu
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Peigen Xiao
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
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Qin LF, Gao HH, Zhang X, Yuan X, Feng ZM, Zhang PC, Jiang JS, Yang YN. Seventeen undescribed iridoid derivatives with anti-inflammatory effects from Hedyotis diffusa and their structure-activity relationships. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 217:113904. [PMID: 37926152 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Seventeen undescribed iridoid derivatives (1-17) and four known compounds (18-21) were isolated from the whole plant of Hedyotis diffusa Willd. Their structures were elucidated based on unambiguous spectroscopic data (UV, IR, HRESIMS, CD, and 1D and 2D NMR). It is noteworthy that compounds 1-8, which possess unique long-chain aliphatic acid moiety, were reported for the first time among the iridoid natural products. All compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activities in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Compounds 2, 4, and 6 showed significant suppression effects on nitric oxide production, with IC50 values of 5.69, 6.16, and 6.84 μM, respectively. The structure-activity relationships of these compounds indicated that long-chain aliphatic moieties at C-10 might be the key group for their anti-inflammatory activities. The therapeutic properties of these iridoid derivatives could give an insight into utilizing H. diffusa as a natural source of anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Feng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Huan-Huan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zi-Ming Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Pei-Cheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jian-Shuang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Ya-Nan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
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5
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Dai Y, Zhang H, Wang X, Chen Y, Fu Q, Jin Y, Liang X. Efficient strategies for preparative separation of iridoid glycosides and flavonoid glycosides from Hedyotis diffusa. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2300029. [PMID: 36880199 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Efficient strategies for the preparative separation of iridoid glycosides and flavonoid glycosides from Hedyotis diffusa using preparative high-performance liquid chromatography combined with appropriate pretreatment technologies were developed. Four fractions (Fr.1-1, Fr.1-2, Fr.1-3, and Fr.2-1) were firstly isolated from the crude extract of Hedyotis diffusa by column chromatography with C18, resin, and silica gel materials, respectively. Then, corresponding separation strategies were developed according to the polarity and chemical constituents. High-polar compounds of Fr.1-1 were purified by hydrophilic reversed-phase liquid chromatography and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography mode. The combination of C18 and phenyl columns realized the complementary separation of iridoid glycosides in Fr.1-2. Meanwhile, the improved selectivity caused by the change of organic solvent in the mobile phase was utilized to realize the purification of flavonoid glycosides in Fr.1-3 and Fr. 2-1. Finally, 27 compounds (purity > 95%) mainly involving nine iridoid glycosides and five flavonoid glycosides were obtained. A complete strategy was established for the separation of a complex sample with a wide polarity range, to jointly solve the problems of enrichment of target components and separation of structural analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingping Dai
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Hongzhi Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xinhe Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yanchun Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Qing Fu
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yu Jin
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xinmiao Liang
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian, P. R. China
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6
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Wu M, Lai H, Peng W, Zhou X, Zhu L, Tu H, Yuan K, Yang Z. Monotropein: A comprehensive review of biosynthesis, physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacology. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1109940. [PMID: 36937894 PMCID: PMC10017856 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1109940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Monotropein, a principal natural compound in iridoid glycosides extracted from Morindae officinalis radix, has potent pharmacological activities. To understand and utilize monotropein, we systematically summarized the studies on monotropein, including its biosynthetic pathway, physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacology. Interestingly, we found that the multiple bioactivities of monotropein, such as anti-osteoporosis, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, anti-nociception, and hepatic or renal protection, are closely associated with its capability of downregulating the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway, inhibiting the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, attenuating the activation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 signaling pathway, and regulating the mammalian target of rapamycin/autophagy signaling pathway. However, the clinically therapeutic effects and the potential problems need to be addressed. This review highlights the current research progress on monotropein, which provides a reference for further investigation of monotropein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingquan Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Orthopedic Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Mingquan Wu, ; Zhirui Yang,
| | - Huabing Lai
- Department of Rehabilitation and Prosthetic Orthopedics Center, Sichuan Orthopedic Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Orthopedic Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Orthopedic Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liyang Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Orthopedic Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - He Tu
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Orthopedic Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kezhu Yuan
- Department of Scientific Research, Sichuan Orthopedic Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhirui Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Mingquan Wu, ; Zhirui Yang,
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Wu J, Ye ZJ, Yu LJ, Chen XQ. Two new iridoid glycosides from Hedyotis diffusa. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2023; 25:27-35. [PMID: 35503565 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2022.2047946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Two new iridoid glycosides, named productasperulosidic acid butyl ester (1) and E-6-O-3-hydroxy-p-methoxycinnamoyl scandoside methyl ester (2), along with nine known ones (3-11), were isolated from Hedyotis diffusa Willd. The structures of them were elucidated by extensive 1D, 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS spectral data. Compounds 1-11 showed no significant cytotoxic activity against HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zhu-Jun Ye
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Li-Juan Yu
- Agro-Products Processing Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650221, China
| | - Xuan-Qin Chen
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
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Przybylska D, Kucharska AZ, Sozański T. A Review on Bioactive Iridoids in Edible Fruits – from Garden to Food and Pharmaceutical Products. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2117375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Przybylska
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - A. Z. Kucharska
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - T. Sozański
- Department of Pharmacology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
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Choi SI, La IJ, Han X, Men X, Lee SJ, Oh G, Kwon HY, Kim YD, Seong GS, Kim SH, Lee OH. Immunomodulatory Effect of Polysaccharide from Fermented Morinda citrifolia L. (Noni) on RAW 264.7 Macrophage and Balb/c Mice. Foods 2022; 11:1925. [PMID: 35804740 PMCID: PMC9266266 DOI: 10.3390/foods11131925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to determine the immunomodulatory effects of a polysaccharide fraction from fermented M. citrifolia L. (FMP) in RAW 264.7 macrophages and Balb/c mice. M. citrifolia was fermented for 72 h using Lactobacillus brevis; polysaccharides were extracted using ethanol precipitation. The RAW 264.7 cells exposed to FMP (50, 100, and 200 μg/mL) for 24 h showed increased NO production, proinflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) release, and COX-2 and iNOS protein expression. FMP (100, 200 mg/kg) and deacetylasperulosidic acid (DAA) (20 mg/kg) administered orally to Balb/c mice for 14 days upregulated NO production and NK cytotoxicity in abdominal cavity and spleen, respectively. Th1 and Th2 cytokines production and immune cell numbers increased in spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), peritoneal exudate cells (PEC), Peyer's patches (PP), and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Therefore, FMP containing DAA can be used as materials for health functional foods to enhance immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Il Choi
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (S.-I.C.); (X.H.); (X.M.); (S.-J.L.); (G.O.)
| | - Im-Joung La
- Atomy R&D Center, 3526, Charyeong-ro, Jeongan-myeon, Gongju-si 32511, Korea;
| | - Xionggao Han
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (S.-I.C.); (X.H.); (X.M.); (S.-J.L.); (G.O.)
| | - Xiao Men
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (S.-I.C.); (X.H.); (X.M.); (S.-J.L.); (G.O.)
| | - Se-Jeong Lee
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (S.-I.C.); (X.H.); (X.M.); (S.-J.L.); (G.O.)
| | - Geon Oh
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (S.-I.C.); (X.H.); (X.M.); (S.-J.L.); (G.O.)
| | - Hee-Yeon Kwon
- NSTBIO Co., Ltd., 32, Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21984, Korea; (H.-Y.K.); (Y.-D.K.)
| | - Yong-Deok Kim
- NSTBIO Co., Ltd., 32, Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21984, Korea; (H.-Y.K.); (Y.-D.K.)
| | - Geum-Su Seong
- Korea Food Research Institute, 245 Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-Gun 55365, Korea;
| | - Seung-Hyung Kim
- Institute of Traditional Medicine & Bioscience, Daejeon University, Daejeon 34520, Korea;
| | - Ok-Hwan Lee
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (S.-I.C.); (X.H.); (X.M.); (S.-J.L.); (G.O.)
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10
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Lu S, Zhang Z, Liang Y, Zhong Q, Li G, Hu Z. Iridoid Glycosides from Phlomis Medicinalis Diels: Optimized Extraction and Hemostasis Evaluation. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202100936. [PMID: 35502889 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Phlomis medicinalis Diels, an important perennial herbal plant unique to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, is often used as Tibetan Materia Medicine Radix Phlomii for the treatment of cold, cough, and convergence trauma. In order to efficiently extract the iridoid glycosides from P. medicinalis, an ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent extraction technique was employed. The main parameters influencing the extraction process were studied through single-factor tests and the extraction was optimized by using response surface methodology. The hemostasis activity of total iridoid glycosides (TIG) from P. medicinalis was evaluated in vitro and in mice. The optimization results revealed that the optimal process parameters were liquid-solid ratio 20 : 1, choline chloride-lactic acid concentration 79 %, and sonication time 34 min, under which a TIG extraction yield of 20.73 % was obtained. Meanwhile, high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array/mass spectrometry (HPLC-PDA/MS) was employed to characterize the optimized extract and indicated that TIG from P. medicinalis mainly consisted of sixteen reported iridoid glycosides with a total content of 91.22 %. The experimental results in vivo and in vitro indicated that TIG from P. medicinalis had strong hemostasis activities, which may be achieved by increasing the fibrinogen levels. Therefore, the ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent extraction is an effective method to extract iridoid glycosides from P. medicinalis and they will be promising candidates to be developed for medical hemostasis agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitong Lu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhaoyu Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong, China
| | - Youling Liang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingkun Zhong
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong, China
| | - Guangfa Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhang Hu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong, China
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11
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Wisetsai A, Schevenels FT, Faksri K, Tontapha S, Amornkitbamrung V, Lekphrom R. New iridoid glucosides from the roots of Rothmannia wittii (Craib) Bremek. Nat Prod Res 2020; 36:1716-1724. [PMID: 32851863 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1813133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of the roots of Rothmannia wittii led to the isolation of three new iridoid glucosides, named rothmanniosides A-C (1-3), and nine known compounds (4-12). Their structures, including their absolute configurations, were elucidated by thorough analysis of mass spectrometric and NMR spectroscopic data, together with CD calculations. Compounds 4 and 11 are reported from the Rubiaceae family for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awat Wisetsai
- Faculty of Science, Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovation in Chemistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Florian T Schevenels
- Faculty of Science, Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovation in Chemistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kiatichai Faksri
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Melioidosis Research Center (MRC), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases (RCEID), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sarawut Tontapha
- Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Integrated Nanotechnology Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Vittaya Amornkitbamrung
- Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Integrated Nanotechnology Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Institute of Nanomaterials Research and Innovation for Energy, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Ratsami Lekphrom
- Faculty of Science, Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovation in Chemistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Esakkimuthu S, Nagulkumar S, Darvin SS, Buvanesvaragurunathan K, Sathya TN, Navaneethakrishnan KR, Kumaravel TS, Murugan SS, Shirota O, Balakrishna K, Pandikumar P, Ignacimuthu S. Antihyperlipidemic effect of iridoid glycoside deacetylasperulosidic acid isolated from the seeds of Spermacoce hispida L. - A traditional antiobesity herb. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 245:112170. [PMID: 31434002 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOBOTANICAL RELEVANCE The interest on herbal health supplements for obesity is increasing globally. Our previous ethnobotanical survey in Tiruvallur district, Tamil Nadu, India indicated the use of Spermacoce hispida L. seeds for the treatment of obesity. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was aimed to validate the traditional claim and to identify the antihyperlipidemic principle in the seeds of Spermacoce hispida using bioassay guided fractionation method. METHODS Bioassay monitored fractionation of the aqueous extract from Spermacoce hispida seeds was carried out using triton WR 1339 induced hyperlipidemic animals. It yielded deacetylasperulosidic acid (DAA) as the active ingredient. Pharmacokinetic properties of DAA were predicted using DataWarrior and SwissADME tools. In vitro antiobesity and antihyperlipidemic effects of DAA were evaluated in 3T3L1 preadipocytes and HepG2 cells, respectively. The chronic antihyperlipidemic efficacy of DAA was evaluated in high fat diet fed rats. RESULTS DAA did not show any mutagenic and tumorigenic properties. It bound with PPARα with comparable ligand efficiency as fenofibrate. The treatment with DAA significantly lowered the proliferation of matured adipocytes, but not preadipocytes. The treatment of steatotic HepG2 cells with DAA significantly decreased the LDH leakage by 43.03% (P < 0.05) at 50 μM concentration. In triton WR 1339 induced hyperlipidemic animals, the treatment with 50 mg/kg dose significantly lowered the TC, TG and LDL-c levels by 40.27, 46.00 and 63.65% respectively. In HFD fed animals, the treatment at 10 mg/kg decreased BMI and AC/TC ratio without altering SRBG. It also improved serum lipid, transaminases and phosphatases levels of HFD fed animals. The treatment lowered adipocyte hypertrophy and steatosis of hepatocytes. CONCLUSION This preliminary report supported the traditional use of Spermacoce hispida for the treatment of obesity. Further detailed investigations on the long term safety, efficacy and molecular mode of action of Spermacoce hispida and DAA will throw more light on their usefulness for the management of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Esakkimuthu
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College (University of Madras), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600034, India
| | - S Nagulkumar
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College (University of Madras), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600034, India
| | - S Sylvester Darvin
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College (University of Madras), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600034, India
| | - K Buvanesvaragurunathan
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College (University of Madras), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600034, India
| | - T N Sathya
- GLR Laboratories Private Limited, Mathur, Chennai, 600068, India
| | | | - T S Kumaravel
- GLR Laboratories Private Limited, Mathur, Chennai, 600068, India
| | - S S Murugan
- GLR Laboratories Private Limited, Mathur, Chennai, 600068, India
| | - Osamu Shirota
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Kagawa, 769-2193, Japan.
| | - K Balakrishna
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College (University of Madras), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600034, India.
| | - P Pandikumar
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College (University of Madras), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600034, India.
| | - S Ignacimuthu
- Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College (University of Madras), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600034, India; St. Xavier Research Foundation, St. Xavier's College, High Ground Road, Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627002, India.
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13
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Lohani M, Majrashi M, Govindarajulu M, Patel M, Ramesh S, Bhattacharya D, Joshi S, Fadan M, Nadar R, Darien B, Maurice DV, Kemppainen B, Dhanasekaran M. Immunomodulatory actions of a Polynesian herb Noni (Morinda citrifolia) and its clinical applications. Complement Ther Med 2019; 47:102206. [PMID: 31780035 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2019.102206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Morinda citrifolia (Noni) is a popular traditional medicinal plant consumed in various forms in several countries around the world as a complementary and alternative treatment due to its established health benefits. Noni is rich in bioactive substances and has significantly exhibited pro-oxidant and immunomodulatory effects. In this review, we highlight the pharmacological basis related to the phytochemicals and polysaccharides present in Noni and its potential therapeutic effects. We screened electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus for scientific literature. Our results indicate that Noni is beneficial for various diseases with its crude extracts showing therapeutic benefit for a wide range of pathological diseases. We believe that further pharmacological and toxicological studies in addition to well-designed controlled clinical trials can validate Noni to be an effective and novel natural product for prophylactic and therapeutic use of several diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhukar Lohani
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL 36830, USA
| | - Mohammed Majrashi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 23881, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manoj Govindarajulu
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Mansi Patel
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Sindhu Ramesh
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Dwipayan Bhattacharya
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Sneha Joshi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Maali Fadan
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Rishi Nadar
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Benjamin Darien
- Department of Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Denzil V Maurice
- Animal and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture, Clemson University, Clemson, 29634, USA
| | - Barbara Kemppainen
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL 36830, USA
| | - Muralikrishnan Dhanasekaran
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
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14
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Qian W, Song Q, Ding H, Xie W. Computational simulations of the mass transfer zone in GS adsorption column packed with Fe 3+ type ion exchanger. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 215:507-514. [PMID: 30340159 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a mesoporous Fe3+ type ion exchanger (DOW-3) was used to adsorb the geniposide (GS) involved in gardenia yellow pigment waste water. To test its viability, the mass transfer zone (MTZ) in dynamic adsorption column that plays an important role in the future scale-up of the GS adsorption process was studied systematically. Simulation of the MTZ behavior under various operation conditions in a packed adsorption column enabled the predictions of breakthrough curves of GS for the mesoporous adsorbent. Several modes of mass transport and processes taking place simultaneously, such as permeation, convection, dispersion and adsorption equilibrium were incorporated in the proposed model. Modeling process firstly affected the behavior of MTZ when it formed and moved throughout the column, and then had a much greater impact on the shape of breakthrough curve in the simulation. The dynamics of MTZ were studied under different adsorption conditions such as various column heights, flow rates and inlet concentrations. Moreover, the post-processing technique and 3D visualization of MTZ simulation results were capable of demonstrating the expanding and progressing of the MTZ related to the adsorption isotherm. The basic findings of MTZ dynamics will be very useful for process scale up. Additionally, the effective molecule docking results obtained from this study, help us fully understand the contribution of various molecular forces in the adsorption mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Qian
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437000, PR China; School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437000, PR China.
| | - Qiaoqiao Song
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437000, PR China
| | - Hanjing Ding
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437000, PR China
| | - Wenjing Xie
- School of Resource and Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437000, PR China
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15
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Abstract
The phenylethanoids rostkovianoside, 6'-O-acetylcrassifolioside and the flavonoid rutin 3‴-acetate, were isolated from the methanolic extract of the aerial parts of Euphrasia rostkoviana Hayne. The structures of these previously undescribed compounds were elucidated by interpretation of spectroscopic data. The acetylation of rutin was also carried out and four ester derivatives were spectroscopically characterized. Finally, a chromatographic method was established to easily identify the acetylated position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele D'Ambrosio
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Alexandru Ciocarlan
- Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of Moldova, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
| | - Aculina Aricu
- Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of Moldova, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
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16
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Chen X, Zhu P, Liu B, Wei L, Xu Y. Simultaneous determination of fourteen compounds of Hedyotis diffusa Willd extract in rats by UHPLC-MS/MS method: Application to pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution study. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 159:490-512. [PMID: 30048897 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A rapid, sensitive and selective ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry UHPLC-MS/MS method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of fourteen bioactive ingredients (gallic acid, geniposidic acid, protocatechuic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, scopoletin, apigenin-7-o-glucuronide, daidzein, apigenin, ursolic acid, oleanolic acid, β-sitosterol, coniferin, and stigmasterol) in the plasma and tissues of rats. Danshensu and icariin were used as internal standards (IS1 and IS2). The chromatographic separation was achieved by using an Agilent ZORBAX RRHD Eclipse Plus C18 column (2.1 mm × 50 mm, 1.8 μm) with gradient elution using mobile phase, which consisted of 0.1% acetic acid water (solvent A) and methanol (solvent B) and pumped at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. Mass spectrometric detection was performed in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode utilizing electrospray ionization (ESI) in positive and negative mode. The plasma samples were pretreated via protein precipitation with 300 μL of methanol containing 0.1% (v/v) formic acid and organ homogenates were processed by solid-phase extraction (SPE) with Waters Oasis HLB 3 cc (60 mg), respectively. The intra- and inter- day precisions (RSD%) were less than 10.3%, while the accuracy was ranged from -7.34% to 9.10%. Extraction recovery ranged from 85.02 to 112.0% and the matrix effects ranged from 85.12% to 109.6%. The present method exhibited excellent linearity and the lower limits of quantification (LLOQ) were 30.0 ng/mL, 15.0 ng/mL, 80.0 ng/mL, 30.0 ng/mL, 10.0 ng/mL, 3.0 ng/mL, 2.5 ng/mL, 2.5 ng/mL, 1.5 ng/mL, 15.0 ng/mL, 75.0 ng/mL, 15.0 ng/mL, 30.0 ng/mL, and 20.0 ng/mL for gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, geniposidic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, scopoletin, apigenin-7-o-glucuronide, daidzein, apigenin, ursolic acid, oleanolic acid, β-sitosterol, coniferin, and stigmasterol, respectively. This analytical method was verified by the FDA guidelines for bioanalytical method validation and applied to investigate the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of fourteen constituents of Hedyotis diffusa Willd extract in rats. These results provide useful information for improving the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of fourteen bioactive ingredients of Hedyotis diffusa Willd extract in SD rats, supporting additional clinical application and Chinese herbal medicine safety evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Pingchuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Buming Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Traditional Medical and Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning 530022, China
| | - Liuting Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yuanjin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
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17
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Wang Y, Wang C, Lin H, Liu Y, Li Y, Zhao Y, Li P, Liu J. Discovery of the Potential Biomarkers for Discrimination between Hedyotis diffusa and Hedyotis corymbosa by UPLC-QTOF/MS Metabolome Analysis. Molecules 2018; 23:E1525. [PMID: 29941819 PMCID: PMC6100407 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hedyotis diffuse Willd. (HD) and Hedyotis corymbosa (L.) Lam. (HC), two closely related species of the same genus, are both used for health benefits and disease prevention in China. HC is also indiscriminately sold as HD in the wholesale chain and food markets. This confusion has led to a growing concern about their identification and quality evaluation. In order to further understand the molecular diversification between them, we focus on the screening of chemical components and the analysis of non-targeted metabolites. In this study, UPLC-QTOF-MSE, UNIFI platform and multivariate statistical analyses were used to profile them. Firstly, a total of 113 compounds, including 80 shared chemical constituents of the two plants, were identified from HC and HD by using the UNIFI platform. Secondly, the differences between two herbs were highlighted with the comparative analysis. As a result, a total of 33 robust biomarkers enabling the differentiation were discovered by using multivariate statistical analyses. For HC, there were 18 potential biomarkers (either the contents were much greater than in HD or being detected only in HC) including three iridoids, eight flavonoids, two tannins, two ketones, one alcohol and two monoterpenes. For HD, there were15 potential biomarkers (either the contents were much greater than in HC or being detected only in HD) including two iridoids, eight flavonoids, one tannin, one ketone, and three anthraquinones. With a comprehensive consideration of the contents or the MS responses of the chemical composition, Hedycoryside A and B, detected only in HC, could be used for rapid identification of HC. The compounds 1,3-dihydroxy-2-methylanthraquinone and 2-hydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone, detected only in HD, could be used for rapid identification of that plant. The systematic comparison of similarities and differences between two confusing Chinese herbs will provide reliable characterization profiles to clarify the pharmacological fundamental substances. HC should not be used as the substitute of HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Fujin Road 1266, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Cuizhu Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Fujin Road 1266, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Hongqiang Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Fujin Road 1266, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Yunhe Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Fujin Road 1266, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Yameng Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Fujin Road 1266, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agriculture University, Xincheng Street 2888, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Pingya Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Fujin Road 1266, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Jinping Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Fujin Road 1266, Changchun 130021, China.
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18
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He J, Li J, Liu H, Yang Z, Zhou F, Wei T, Dong Y, Xue H, Tang L, Liu M. Scandoside Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Effect Via Suppressing NF-κB and MAPK Signaling Pathways in LPS-Induced RAW 264.7 Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E457. [PMID: 29401674 PMCID: PMC5855679 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The iridoids of Hedyotis diffusa Willd play an important role in the anti-inflammatory process, but the specific iridoid with anti-inflammatory effect and its mechanism has not be thoroughly studied. An iridoid compound named scandoside (SCA) was isolated from H. diffusa and its anti-inflammatory effect was investigated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. Its anti-inflammatory mechanism was confirmed by in intro experiments and molecular docking analyses. As results, SCA significantly decreased the productions of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and inhibited the levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), TNF-α and IL-6 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. SCA treatment suppressed the phosphorylation of inhibitor of nuclear transcription factor kappa-B alpaha (IκB-α), p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). The docking data suggested that SCA had great binding abilities to COX-2, iNOS and IκB. Taken together, the results indicated that the anti-inflammatory effect of SCA is due to inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators via suppressing the nuclear transcription factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, which provided useful information for its application and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu He
- Bioengineering Research Centre, Guangzhou Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 511458, China.
| | - Jiafeng Li
- Bioengineering Research Centre, Guangzhou Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 511458, China.
| | - Han Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Zichao Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Fenghua Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Ting Wei
- Bioengineering Research Centre, Guangzhou Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 511458, China.
| | - Yaqian Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Hongjiao Xue
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Lan Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Menghua Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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19
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Yatoo MI, Dimri U, Gopalakrishnan A, Karthik K, Gopi M, Khandia R, Saminathan M, Saxena A, Alagawany M, Farag MR, Munjal A, Dhama K. Beneficial health applications and medicinal values of Pedicularis plants: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:1301-1313. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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20
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Shan M, Yu S, Yan H, Guo S, Xiao W, Wang Z, Zhang L, Ding A, Wu Q, Li SFY. A Review on the Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics and Toxicology of Geniposide, a Natural Product. Molecules 2017; 22:E1689. [PMID: 28994736 PMCID: PMC6151614 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Iridoid glycosides are natural products occurring widely in many herbal plants. Geniposide (C17H24O10) is a well-known one, present in nearly 40 species belonging to various families, especially the Rubiaceae. Along with this herbal component, dozens of its natural derivatives have also been isolated and characterized by researchers. Furthermore, a large body of pharmacological evidence has proved the various biological activities of geniposide, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-diabetic, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, cholagogic effects and so on. However, there have been some research articles on its toxicity in recent years. Therefore, this review paper aims to provide the researchers with a comprehensive profile of geniposide on its phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and toxicology in order to highlight some present issues and future perspectives as well as to help us develop and utilize this iridoid glycoside more efficiently and safely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingqiu Shan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Sheng Yu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Hui Yan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Sheng Guo
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Wei Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical New Technology for Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Lianyungang 222001, China.
| | - Zhenzhong Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical New Technology for Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Lianyungang 222001, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Anwei Ding
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Qinan Wu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Sam Fong Yau Li
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
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Rapid screening, separation, and detection of α-glucosidase inhibitors from Hedyotis diffusa by ultrafiltration–liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry–high-speed countercurrent chromatography. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-2024-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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22
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Song Q, Wu Z, Xie W, Qian W. Adsorptive recovery of geniposidic acid from gardenia yellow pigment extraction wastewater by anion exchange: equilibrium, thermodynamics and mechanism modeling and simulation. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-016-2757-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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23
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Niu Y, Li S, Lin Z, Liu M, Wang D, Wang H, Chen S. Development of propidium iodide as a fluorescence probe for the on-line screening of non-specific DNA-intercalators in Fufang Banbianlian Injection. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1463:102-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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24
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Milella L, Milazzo S, De Leo M, Vera Saltos MB, Faraone I, Tuccinardi T, Lapillo M, De Tommasi N, Braca A. α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase Inhibitors from Arcytophyllum thymifolium. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2016; 79:2104-2112. [PMID: 27509358 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Three new coumarins (1-3), a prenylated flavanone (4), and two iridoids (5 and 6), together with 17 known secondary metabolites, were isolated from the aerial parts of Arcytophyllum thymifolium. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of their spectroscopic data. The potential hypoglycemic properties of the new and known compounds were evaluated by measuring their α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory effects. The iridoid asperulosidic acid (15) and the flavonoid rhamnetin (13) showed the highest activities versus α-amylase (IC50 = 69.4 ± 3.1 and 73.9 ± 5.9 μM, respectively). In turn, the new eriodictyol derivative 4 exhibited the most potent effect as an α-glucosidase inhibitor, with an IC50 value of 28.1 ± 2.6 μM, and was more active than acarbose, used as a positive control. Modeling studies were also performed to suggest the interaction mode of compound 4 in the α-glucosidase enzyme active site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Milella
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università degli Studi della Basilicata , Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Stella Milazzo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa , Via Bonanno 6 and 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marinella De Leo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa , Via Bonanno 6 and 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Mariela Beatriz Vera Saltos
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas, ESPE , Avenida General Rumiñahui s/n, Sangolqui, Ecuador
| | - Immacolata Faraone
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università degli Studi della Basilicata , Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Tiziano Tuccinardi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa , Via Bonanno 6 and 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute", Università di Pisa , Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Margherita Lapillo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa , Via Bonanno 6 and 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Nunziatina De Tommasi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno , Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Alessandra Braca
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa , Via Bonanno 6 and 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute", Università di Pisa , Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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Youn UJ, Park EJ, Kondratyuk TP, Sang-Ngern M, Wall MM, Wei Y, Pezzuto JM, Chang LC. Anti-inflammatory and Quinone Reductase Inducing Compounds from Fermented Noni (Morinda citrifolia) Juice Exudates. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2016; 79:1508-1513. [PMID: 27196335 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A new fatty acid ester disaccharide, 2-O-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)-1-O-(2E,4Z,7Z)-deca-2,4,7-trienoyl-β-d-glucopyranose (1), a new ascorbic acid derivative, 2-caffeoyl-3-ketohexulofuranosonic acid γ-lactone (2), and a new iridoid glycoside, 10-dimethoxyfermiloside (3), were isolated along with 13 known compounds (4-16) from fermented noni fruit juice (Morinda citrifolia). The structures of the new compounds, together with 4 and 5, were determined by 1D and 2D NMR experiments, as well as comparison with published values. Compounds 2 and 7 showed moderate inhibitory activities in a TNF-α-induced NF-κB assay, and compounds 4 and 6 exhibited considerable quinone reductase-1 (QR1) inducing effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ui Joung Youn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai'i at Hilo , Hilo, Hawaii 96720, United States
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, KIOST , Incheon, 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Park
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai'i at Hilo , Hilo, Hawaii 96720, United States
| | - Tamara P Kondratyuk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai'i at Hilo , Hilo, Hawaii 96720, United States
| | - Mayuramas Sang-Ngern
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai'i at Hilo , Hilo, Hawaii 96720, United States
| | - Marisa M Wall
- United States Department of Agriculture, Daniel K. Inouye U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center , Hilo, Hawaii 96720, United States
| | - Yanzhang Wei
- Clemson University , Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - John M Pezzuto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai'i at Hilo , Hilo, Hawaii 96720, United States
| | - Leng Chee Chang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai'i at Hilo , Hilo, Hawaii 96720, United States
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26
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West BJ, Deng S, Uwaya A, Isami F, Abe Y, Yamagishi SI, Jensen CJ. Iridoids are natural glycation inhibitors. Glycoconj J 2016; 33:671-81. [PMID: 27306206 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-016-9695-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Glycation of amino acid residues in proteins leads to the eventual formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). AGE formation significantly influences human health and the aging process. AGE accumulation rates may be slowed by modifications to lifestyle or by pharmacological strategies. But the use of therapeutic drugs is not an appropriate means of controlling AGEs within the general population. However, phytochemical constituents in plant-based foods exhibit anti-glycation activities and may be more appropriate for general consumption. Among these phytochemicals are iridoids. The anti-AGE potential of iridoids has been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo, while also revealing possible mechanisms of action. Inclusion of iridoid food sources in the diet may be a useful component of strategies intended to mitigate AGE accumulation within the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett J West
- Research and Development, Morinda, Inc., 737 East 1180 South, American Fork, UT, 84003, USA.
| | - Shixin Deng
- Research and Development, Morinda, Inc., 737 East 1180 South, American Fork, UT, 84003, USA
| | - Akemi Uwaya
- Research and Development, Morinda, Inc., 737 East 1180 South, American Fork, UT, 84003, USA
| | - Fumiyuki Isami
- Research and Development, Morinda, Inc., 737 East 1180 South, American Fork, UT, 84003, USA
| | - Yumi Abe
- Anti-Aging Medical Research Center and Glycation Stress Research Center, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - C Jarakae Jensen
- Research and Development, Morinda, Inc., 737 East 1180 South, American Fork, UT, 84003, USA
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27
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Wang Y, Liu H, Shen L, Yao L, Ma Y, Yu D, Chen J, Li P, Chen Y, Zhang C. Isolation and purification of six iridoid glycosides fromgardenia jasminoidesfruit by medium-pressure liquid chromatography combined with macroporous resin chromatography. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:4119-26. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Beijing China
- School of Life Science; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing China
| | - Hui Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Lifeng Shen
- Capital Medical University School of TCM; Beijing China
| | - Lan Yao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Yinlian Ma
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Dingrong Yu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Jianhong Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Beijing China
- School of Pharmacy; Henan University of TCM; Zhengzhou China
| | - Puling Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Beijing China
- School of Pharmacy; Henan University of TCM; Zhengzhou China
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Cun Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Beijing China
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28
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Song JL, Wang R, Shi YP, Qi HY. Iridoids from the flowers of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis and their chemotaxonomic significance. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2014.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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29
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Li C, Zhao Y, Guo Z, Zhang X, Xue X, Liang X. Effective 2D-RPLC/RPLC enrichment and separation of micro-components from Hedyotis diffusa Willd. and characterization by using ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2014; 99:35-44. [PMID: 25061712 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Revised: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
An effective method aiming at enrichment and analysis of micro-components in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) was developed. One fraction (fraction E) from the extract of Hedyotis diffusa Willd. was selected as test sample, which was isolated by using the XAD-4 macroporous resin. To study the micro-components, a two-dimensional reverse-phase liquid chromatography (2D-RPLC/RPLC) method was developed, comprising Click OEG and C18 stationary phases as the first and second dimensions, respectively. Of the eight sub-fractions isolated from the first dimension, three sub-fractions (fractions II-IV) containing micro-components were further separated with the second dimension. The 2D-RPLC/RPLC system was proved to possess high orthogonality. Furthermore, the micro-components were characterized by using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-DAD/Q-TOF MS) with electrospray ionization (ESI) source. With the optimized separation and characterization method, a large number (>400) of micro-components were enriched and detected from the extracts of H. diffusa Willd., the majority of which has not been isolated from the herb before. Among these isolated micro-components, 38 compounds involving 24 phenylpropanoids, 7 flavonoids and 7 iridoid glucosides (IGs), were identified or tentatively identified from the H. diffusa extracts on the basis of spectral data of the authentic standards and the fragmentation characteristics information available in literatures. The proposed method made it possible to effectively screen and analyze the micro-components in TCMs or other complex natural medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunman Li
- Hebei Research Centre of Analysis and Testing, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- Pharmacy College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Zhimou Guo
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xingya Xue
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xinmiao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
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30
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Murata K, Abe Y, Futamura-Masuda M, Uwaya A, Isami F, Matsuda H. Activation of Cell-mediated Immunity by Morinda citrifolia Fruit Extract and Its Constituents. Nat Prod Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1400900401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Morinda citrifolia, commonly known as noni, is a traditional natural medicine in French Polynesia and Hawaii. Functional foods derived from M. citrifolia fruit have been marketed to help prevent diseases and promote good health. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of M. citrifolia fruit on cell-mediated immunity. In the picryl chloride-induced contact dermatitis test, M. citrifolia fruit extract (Noni-ext) inhibited the suppression of cell-mediated immunity by immunosuppressive substances isolated from freeze-dried ascites of Ehrlich carcinoma-bearing mice (EC-sup). In addition, Noni-ext inhibited reduction of IL-2 production in EC-sup-treated mice and activated natural killer cells in normal mice. These results suggest that Noni-ext has multiple effects on the recovery of cell-mediated immunity. Furthermore, we investigated the active principles of Noni-ext and identified an iridoid glycoside, deacetylasperulosidic acid. Oral administration of deacetylasperulosidic acid inhibited the reduction of ear swelling, and also cancelled the suppression of IL-2 production along with the activation of natural killer cells in the same manner as that of Noni-ext.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Murata
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kinki University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Yumi Abe
- Research and Development, Morinda World-wide, Inc., 3-2-2 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Megumi Futamura-Masuda
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kinki University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Akemi Uwaya
- Research and Development, Morinda World-wide, Inc., 3-2-2 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Fumiyuki Isami
- Research and Development, Morinda World-wide, Inc., 3-2-2 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Hideaki Matsuda
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kinki University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
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31
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Wu X, Zhou Y, Yin F, Mao C, Li L, Cai B, Lu T. Quality control and producing areas differentiation of Gardeniae Fructus for eight bioactive constituents by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 21:551-559. [PMID: 24183952 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2013.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2013] [Revised: 08/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Gardeniae Fructus (G.Fructus), the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (Rubiaceae), is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that has been used for the treatment of hepatitis, jaundice, hypersonic, diabetes and hematuria. Numerous researches have demonstrated that the major active constituents in G.Fructus were responsible for the majority of medical effects of this fruit and their quantification were important for the quality control of G.Fructus. However, in the current quality control standard, only geniposide was used as characteristic marker of G.Fructus, which could not reflect the overall quality of this fruit. In order to identify more chemical makers for improving the quality control standard and evaluate producing areas differentiation of G.Fructus, in the present study, a novel and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector coupled to an electrospray tandem mass spectrometer (HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS) was developed for the simultaneous determination of 8 major constituents, including geniposidic acid (1), chlorogenic acid (2), genipin-1-β-gentiobioside (3), geniposide (4), genipin (5), rutin (6), crocin-1 (7), crocin-2 (8) in G.Fructus. Moreover, chemometric analysis techniques with principal component constituent analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) involved were introduced in statistical analysis of 8 investigated constituents in the 34 batches samples to discriminate the samples from different producing areas. The results indicated that the contents of the 8 major bioactive constituents in G.Fructus varied significantly among different producing areas. From results of the loading plot from PCA analysis, genipin-1-β-gentiobioside may have more influence in discriminating the sample from different producing areas, and which was found to be the most abundant bioactive component besides geniposide in all the 34 batches samples, suggesting that it should be added as chemical marker for further investigation on the pharmacological actions and the quality control of G.Fructus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Fangzhou Yin
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China; The Key Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China.
| | - Chunqin Mao
- The Key Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Lin Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China; The Key Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Baochang Cai
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China; The Key Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Tulin Lu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China; The Key Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China.
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32
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Ma DL, Chen M, Su CX, West BJ. In vivo antioxidant activity of deacetylasperulosidic Acid in noni. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2013; 2013:804504. [PMID: 24371540 PMCID: PMC3859119 DOI: 10.1155/2013/804504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Deacetylasperulosidic acid (DAA) is a major phytochemical constituent of Morinda citrifolia (noni) fruit. Noni juice has demonstrated antioxidant activity in vivo and in human trials. To evaluate the role of DAA in this antioxidant activity, Wistar rats were fed 0 (control group), 15, 30, or 60 mg/kg body weight per day for 7 days. Afterwards, serum malondialdehyde concentration and superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were measured and compared among groups. A dose-dependent reduction in malondialdehyde was evident as well as a dose-dependent increase in superoxide dismutase activity. DAA ingestion did not influence serum glutathione peroxidase activity. These results suggest that DAA contributes to the antioxidant activity of noni juice by increasing superoxide dismutase activity. The fact that malondialdehyde concentrations declined with increased DAA dose, despite the lack of glutathione peroxidase-inducing activity, suggests that DAA may also increase catalase activity. It has been previously reported that noni juice increases catalase activity in vivo but additional research is required to confirm the effect of DAA on catalase. Even so, the current findings do explain a possible mechanism of action for the antioxidant properties of noni juice that have been observed in human clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Lu Ma
- Division of Pharmacology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Mai Chen
- Quality Control, Tahitian Noni Beverages Company Ltd., Room A 12F, No. 789, Zhaojiabang Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chen X. Su
- Research and Development, Morinda Inc., 737 East 1180 South, American Fork, UT 84003, USA
| | - Brett J. West
- Research and Development, Morinda Inc., 737 East 1180 South, American Fork, UT 84003, USA
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Niu Y, Meng QX. Chemical and preclinical studies on Hedyotis diffusa with anticancer potential. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2013; 15:550-565. [PMID: 23600735 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2013.781589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the chemical and preclinical anticancer research on Hedyotis diffusa Willd. in detail, one of the most renowned herbs often prescribed in the polyherbal formulas for cancer treatment in traditional Chinese medicine. Anthraquinones, flavonoids, and terpenoids constitute the majority of the 69 compounds that have been isolated and identified from H. diffusa. The anticancer effects of the methanolic, ethanolic, and aqueous extracts in various preclinical cancer models have been described. This review also summarized the anticancer activity of constituents of the herb and the mechanisms of action. All the studies suggest that H. diffusa has enormous potential in the therapy of cancer and warrants further chemical and pharmacological investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Niu
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Economy, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030006, China
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34
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Wang MY, Peng L, Jensen CJ, Deng S, West BJ. Noni juice reduces lipid peroxidation-derived DNA adducts in heavy smokers. Food Sci Nutr 2013; 1:141-9. [PMID: 24804023 PMCID: PMC3967752 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Revised: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Food plants provide important phytochemicals which help improve or maintain health through various biological activities, including antioxidant effects. Cigarette smoke–induced oxidative stress leads to the formation of lipid hydroperoxides (LOOHs) and their decomposition product malondialdehyde (MDA), both of which cause oxidative damage to DNA. Two hundred forty-five heavy cigarette smokers completed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial designed to investigate the effect of noni juice on LOOH- and MDA-DNA adducts in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs). Volunteers drank noni juice or a fruit juice placebo every day for 1 month. DNA adducts were measured by 32P postlabeling analysis. Drinking 29.5–118 mL of noni juice significantly reduced adducts by 44.6–57.4%. The placebo, which was devoid of iridoid glycosides, did not significantly influence LOOH- and MDA-DNA adduct levels in current smokers. Noni juice was able to mitigate oxidative damage of DNA in current heavy smokers, an activity associated with the presence of iridoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian-Ying Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford 1601 Parkview Avenue, Rockford, Illinois
| | - Lin Peng
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford 1601 Parkview Avenue, Rockford, Illinois
| | - Claude J Jensen
- Research and Development, Morinda, Inc. 737 East 1180 South, American Fork, Utah
| | - Shixin Deng
- Research and Development, Morinda, Inc. 737 East 1180 South, American Fork, Utah
| | - Brett J West
- Research and Development, Morinda, Inc. 737 East 1180 South, American Fork, Utah
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35
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Wang MY, Peng L, Weidenbacher-Hoper V, Deng S, Anderson G, West BJ. Noni juice improves serum lipid profiles and other risk markers in cigarette smokers. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:594657. [PMID: 23097636 PMCID: PMC3477557 DOI: 10.1100/2012/594657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke-induced oxidative stress leads to dyslipidemia and systemic inflammation. Morinda citrifolia (noni) fruit juice has been found previously to have a significant antioxidant activity. One hundred thirty-two adult heavy smokers completed a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial designed to investigate the effect of noni juice on serum cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and homocysteine. Volunteers drank noni juice or a fruit juice placebo daily for one month. Drinking 29.5 mL to 188 mL of noni juice per day significantly reduced cholesterol levels, triglycerides, and hs-CRP. Decreases in LDL and homocysteine, as well increases in HDL, were also observed among noni juice drinkers. The placebo, which was devoid of iridoid glycosides, did not significantly influence blood lipid profiles or hs-CRP. Noni juice was able to mitigate cigarette smoke-induced dyslipidemia, an activity associated with the presence of iridoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian-Ying Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, 1601 Parkview Avenue, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
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36
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Li N, Liu C, Mi S, Wang N, Zheng X, Li Y, Huang X, He S, Chen H, Xu X. Simultaneous Determination of Oleanolic Acid, p-Coumaric Acid, Ferulic Acid, Kaemperol and Quercetin in Rat Plasma by LC–MS-MS and Application to a Pharmacokinetic Study of Oldenlandia diffusa Extract in Rats. J Chromatogr Sci 2012; 50:885-92. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bms086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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37
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Zheng X, Huang XT, Li N, Li YY, Mi SQ, Wang NS, Liu CH. Determination of geniposidic acid in rat plasma by LC–MS/MS and its application to in vivo pharmacokinetic studies. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 887-888:138-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2011] [Revised: 01/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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38
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Conserva LM, Ferreira JC. Borreria and Spermacoce species (Rubiaceae): A review of their ethnomedicinal properties, chemical constituents, and biological activities. Pharmacogn Rev 2012; 6:46-55. [PMID: 22654404 PMCID: PMC3358967 DOI: 10.4103/0973-7847.95866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Revised: 11/19/2011] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Borreira and Spermacoce are genera of Rubiaceae widespread in tropical and subtropical America, Africa, Asia, and Europe. Based on its fruits morphology they are considered by many authors to be distinct genera and most others, however, prefer to combine the two taxa under the generic name Spermacoce. Whereas the discussion is still unclear, in this work they were considered as synonyms. Some species of these genera play an important role in traditional medicine in Africa, Asia, Europe, and South America. Some of these uses include the treatment of malaria, diarrheal and other digestive problems, skin diseases, fever, hemorrhage, urinary and respiratory infections, headache, inflammation of eye, and gums. To date, more than 60 compounds have been reported from Borreria and Spermacoce species including alkaloids, iridoids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and other compounds. Studies have confirmed that extracts from Borreria and Spermacoce species as well as their isolated compounds possess diverse biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antimicrobial, larvicidal, antioxidant, gastrointestinal, anti-ulcer, and hepatoprotective, with alkaloids and iridoids as the major active principles. This paper briefly reviews the ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, and biological activities of some isolated compounds and extracts of both genera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Maria Conserva
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotecnology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió-AL, Brazil
| | - Jesu Costa Ferreira
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotecnology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió-AL, Brazil
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Hu XP, Zhang SW, Liu SS, Xuan LJ. New Anthraquinone and Iridoid Glycosides from the Stems of Hedyotis hedyotidea. Helv Chim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201000270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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40
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Deng S, West BJ, Palu 'AK, Jensen CJ. Determination and comparative analysis of major iridoids in different parts and cultivation sources of Morinda citrifolia. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2011; 22:26-30. [PMID: 20799271 DOI: 10.1002/pca.1246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2010] [Revised: 05/19/2010] [Accepted: 05/21/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Noni is a medicinal plant with a long history of use as a folk remedy in many tropical areas, and is attracting more attention worldwide. A comprehensive study on the major phytochemicals in different plant parts (fruit, leaf, seed, root and flower) and sources is of great value for fully understanding their diverse medicinal benefits. OBJECTIVE To quantitatively determine the major iridoid components in different parts of noni plants, and compare iridoids in noni fruits collected from different tropical areas worldwide. METHODOLOGY The optimal chromatographic conditions were achieved on a C(18) column with gradient elution using 0.1% formic acid aqueous formic acid and acetonitrile at 235 nm. The selective HPLC method was validated for precision, linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantitation and accuracy. RESULTS Deacetylasperulosidic acid (DAA) was found to be the major iridoid in noni fruit. In order of predominance, DAA concentrations in different parts of the noni plant were dried noni fruit > fruit juice > seed > flower > leaf > root. The order of predominance for asperulosidic acid (AA) concentration was dried noni fruit > leaf > flower > root > fruit juice > seed. DAA and AA contents of methanolic extracts of noni fruits collected from different tropical regions were 13.8-42.9 and 0.7-8.9 mg/g, respectively, with French Polynesia containing the highest total iridoids and the Dominican Republic containing the lowest. CONCLUSION Iridoids DAA and AA are found to be present in leaf, root, seed and flower of noni plants, and were identified as the major components in noni fruit. Given the great variation of iridoid contents in noni fruit grown in different tropical areas worldwide, geographical factors appear to have significant effects on fruit composition. The iridoids in noni fruit were stable at the temperatures used during pasteurisation and, therefore, may be useful marker compounds for identity and quality testing of commercial noni products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixin Deng
- Research and Development Department, Tahitian Noni International, 737 East, 1180 South, American Fork, UT 84003, USA.
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Xu GH, Kim YH, Chi SW, Choo SJ, Ryoo IJ, Ahn JS, Yoo ID. Evaluation of human neutrophil elastase inhibitory effect of iridoid glycosides from Hedyotis diffusa. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:513-5. [PMID: 20004577 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.11.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2009] [Revised: 10/30/2009] [Accepted: 11/20/2009] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Five iridoid glycosides were isolated from the MeOH extract of Hedyotis diffusa, and their structures were elucidated as E-6-O-p-methoxycinnamoyl scandoside methyl ester (1), Z-6-O-p-methoxycinnamoyl scandoside methyl ester (2), E-6-O-p-feruloyl scandoside methyl ester (3), E-6-O-p-coumaroyl scandoside methyl ester (4), and Z-6-O-p-coumaroyl scandoside methyl ester (5) by interpretation of their spectroscopic data. All the isolated compounds were evaluated for human neutrophil elastase inhibitory effect, and compound 1 showed potent activity with an IC(50) value of 18.0muM. The molecular docking simulation suggested a structural model for the inhibition of human neutrophil elastase by compound 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Hua Xu
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
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42
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Chen QC, Zhang WY, Youn U, Kim H, Lee I, Jung HJ, Na M, Min BS, Bae K. Iridoid glycosides from Gardeniae Fructus for treatment of ankle sprain. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2009; 70:779-784. [PMID: 19368947 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2007] [Revised: 01/15/2009] [Accepted: 03/09/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The iridoid glycosides, genipin 1-O-beta-D-isomaltoside (1) and genipin 1,10-di-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2), together with six known iridoid glycosides, genipin 1-O-beta-D-gentiobioside (3), geniposide (4), scandoside methyl ester (5), deacetylasperulosidic acid methyl ester (6), 6-O-methyldeacetylasperulosidic acid methyl ester (7), and gardenoside (8) were isolated from an EtOH extract of Gardeniae Fructus. The structures and relative stereochemistries of the metabolites were elucidated on the basis of 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopic techniques, high-resolution mass spectrometry, and chemical evidence. Geniposide (4), one of the main compounds of Gardeniae Fructus, was tested for treatment of ankle sprain using an ankle sprain model in rats. From the second to fifth day, the geniposide (4) (100mg/ml) treated group exhibited significant differences (p<0.01) with approximately 21-34% reduction in swelling ratio compared with those of the vehicle treated control group. This indicated the potential effect of geniposide (4) for the treatment of disorders such as ankle sprain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Cheng Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
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Zhao P, Tanaka T, Hirabayashi K, Zhang YJ, Yang CR, Kouno I. Caffeoyl arbutin and related compounds from the buds of Vaccinium dunalianum. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2008; 69:3087-3094. [PMID: 18639307 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2008.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2008] [Revised: 03/22/2008] [Accepted: 06/03/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Dunalianosides A-I (1-9), esters of arbutin and related phenolic glucosides, were isolated from the buds of Vaccinium dunalianum Wight (Ericaceae) together with 20 known compounds, and their structures were established on the basis of 1- and 2D NMR spectroscopic evidence. Dunalianosides F-H were dimers of p-hydroxyphenyl 6-O-trans-caffeoyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside (10). The latter was obtained in extraordinary high yield (22% of dry weight), and dunalianoside I (9) was found to be a conjugate of arbutin with an iridoid glucoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhao
- Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo Machi 1-14, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
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Li C, Xue X, Zhou D, Zhang F, Xu Q, Ren L, Liang X. Analysis of iridoid glucosides in Hedyotis diffusa by high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2008; 48:205-11. [PMID: 18579330 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2008.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2008] [Revised: 05/06/2008] [Accepted: 05/06/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
An HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS method was developed for analysis of iridoid glucosides (IGs) from Hedyotis diffusa Willd. The optimized separation condition was achieved with the Complex Sample Analysis Software System (CSASS) software, under which the whole analytes were achieved complete resolution especially for some isomeric IGs. Based on the UV and fragmentations, eleven IGs were detected. According to the fragmentation patterns of the three standard IGs, especially those of the isomeric standards, seven IGs including three pairs of isomers were unambiguous/tentatively identified. For the isomeric IGs with methyl ester or carboxyl group at C-4, the extents of the losses of CH3OH and/or H2O from their molecular and/or the aglycone adducts are useful for the differentiation of the stereoisomers in positive ion (PI) mode, which depends on the stereochemistry of the hydroxyl group on the cyclopentanoid unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunman Li
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, PR China
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Li CM, Zhang XL, Xue XY, Zhang FF, Xu Q, Liang XM. Structural characterization of iridoid glucosides by ultra-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2008; 22:1941-1954. [PMID: 18491284 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.3579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The mass spectral fragmentation behavior of ten iridoid glucosides (IGs) has been studied using electrospray ionization (ESI), collision-induced dissociation (CID), and quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (Q-TOF MS/MS). In the negative ESI mass spectra, the deprotonated [M-H](-) ion was observed for all of the ten IGs except gardoside methyl ester, while the formate adduct [M+HCOO](-) ion appeared to be favored by the presence of a methyl ester or a lactone group in the C-4 position when formic acid was added to the mobile phase. The CID MS/MS spectra of the [M-H](-) ions have been used for structural elucidation. Ring cleavages of the aglycone moiety have been observed in the MS/MS spectra, corresponding to (1,4)F(-), (2,6)F(-), (2,7)F(-), and (2,7)F(0) (-) ions, based on accurate mass measurements and the elemental compositions of the product ions. These characteristic ions gave valuable information on the basic structural skeletons. Furthermore, on the basis of the relative abundances of the fragment ions (1,4)F(-) and (2,7)F(-), different sub-classes, such as cyclopentane-type and 7,8-cyclopentene-type IGs, can be differentiated. Ring cleavage of the sugar moieties was also observed, yielding useful information for their characterization. In addition, the neutral losses, such as H(2)O, CO(2), CH(3)OH, CH(3)COOH, and glucosidic units, have proved useful for confirming the presence of functional substituents in the structures of the IGs. Based on the fragmentation patterns of these standard IGs, twelve IGs have been characterized in an extract of Hedyotis diffusa Willd. by means of ultra-performance liquid chromatography/Q-TOF MS/MS, of which six have been unambiguously identified and the other six have been tentatively identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cun-Man Li
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
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Li J, Sun GZ, Lin HS, Pei YX, Qi X, An C, Yu J, Hua BJ. The herb medicine formula "Yang Wei Kang Liu" improves the survival of late stage gastric cancer patients and induces the apoptosis of human gastric cancer cell line through Fas/Fas ligand and Bax/Bcl-2 pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2008; 8:1196-206. [PMID: 18602065 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2008.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2008] [Revised: 04/08/2008] [Accepted: 04/14/2008] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The herb medicine formula "Yang Wei Kang Liu" (YWKLF) has been used to inhibit the metastasis of human gastric cancer to prolong patient survival. In this study, we evaluated the effect of combination of chemotherapy with YWKLF on the survival of stage IV gastric cancer patients and the potential mechanisms of YWKLF by focusing on its capacity to activate apoptotic pathways in human gastric cancer cell line MGC-803. We found that combination of chemotherapy with oral administration of YWKLF significantly increased the survival of stage IV gastric cancer patients. In an approach of "serum pharmacology" in which sera were collected from rabbits orally administered with YWKLF and examined for their anti-tumor cell activity in vitro, we observed that sera from rabbits administered with YWKLF induced the apoptosis of MGC-803 cells by causing the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, increasing the expression of Fas protein and Bax mRNA, as well as down-regulating Fas-L mRNA. Our results suggest that activation of major pro-apoptotic pathways may account for the anti-gastric cancer activity of YWKLF, which may provide a basis for isolation and identification of more highly effective anti-cancer components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Oncology, Guang An Men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, People's Republic of China.
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Liang Z, He M, Fong W, Jiang Z, Zhao Z. A comparable, chemical and pharmacological analysis of the traditional Chinese medicinal herbs Oldenlandia diffusa and O. corymbosa and a new valuation of their biological potential. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2008; 15:259-267. [PMID: 18339527 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2008.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2007] [Revised: 10/26/2007] [Accepted: 01/11/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The herb of Oldenlandia diffusa (Willd.) Roxb. (Family Rubiaceae) is well-known in Chinese folk medicine for the treatment of hepatitis and malignant tumors of the liver, lung and stomach. However, another herb of O. corymbosa (L.) Lam is also used interchangeably in South China for treating the same conditions. To compare the efficacy of the two herbs, the antiproliferative effect of their extracts and the antiangiogenic activity of their main constituents were appraised. The Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay in human hepatoma HepG2 cells and human colon carcinoma CaCo2 cells and the zebrafish angiogenic model were used for this purpose. The results showed almost no antiproliferative effect of the methanol extracts from O. diffusa and O. corymbosa, while the chloroform extracts exhibited slightly antiproliferative effects. The main components had almost no effect on zebrafish angiogenic vessel formation at the concentrations tested. The results suggest that the mechanism of antitumor activity of O. diffusa may not be attributed to the antiproliferative and antiangiogenic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhitao Liang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China
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Willimott S, Barker J, Jones LA, Opara EI. Apoptotic effect of Oldenlandia diffusa on the leukaemic cell line HL60 and human lymphocytes. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2007; 114:290-299. [PMID: 17936528 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2007] [Revised: 07/17/2007] [Accepted: 08/03/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Oldenlandia diffusa is traditionally prescribed in the treatment of a number of cancers and studies suggest that it exerts a cytotoxic action specific to cancer cells. To further investigate this suggested action, the effect(s) of Oldenlandia diffusa on leukaemic cells (HL60) and stimulated and unstimulated human blood lymphocytes (PBLs) was investigated. For the HL60s, cell growth, apoptotic induction, alterations in cell cycle characteristics and genotoxicity were investigated. For the PBLs, apoptotic induction and alterations in cell cycle characteristics were investigated. Preliminary chemical analysis to identify the cytotoxic constituents of Oldenlandia diffusa was also carried out. Results showed that Oldenlandia diffusa significantly inhibited the growth of the HL60s and induced apoptosis in a cell cycle-independent fashion, possibly through the induction of genotoxic damage. Oldenlandia diffusa did not induce apoptosis in the PBLs however progression through the cell cycle was not evident (in stimulated PBLs) suggesting some degree of cytotoxicity. Preliminary chemical analysis indicated that a number of compounds appear to be responsible for the cytotoxic action of Oldenlandia diffusa. These results indicate that HL60s are more sensitive to Oldenlandia diffusa than stimulated PBLs and thus support a cytotoxic action for Oldenlandia diffusa that has some degree of specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun Willimott
- School of Life Sciences, Kingston University, Penryhn Road, Kingston upon Thames, Surrey KT1 2EE, UK
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Song MC, Yang HJ, Myun-Ho B, Kim DK, Jeong TS, Kim JP, Baek NI. Antioxidant and antiatherogenic activity ofcis-hinokiresinol fromTrapa pseudoincisa. Arch Pharm Res 2007; 30:1392-7. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02977362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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50
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Tao SH, Wu J, Qi SH, Zhang S, Li MY, Li QX. Scyphiphorins A and B, Two New Iridoid Glycosides from the Stem Bark of a Chinese MangroveScyphiphora hydrophyllacea. Helv Chim Acta 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.200790179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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