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Ayanoğlu M, Çevik Ö, Erdoğan Ö, Tosun AF. TARC and Septin 7 can be better monitoring biomarkers than CX3CL1, sICAM5, and IRF5 in children with seizure-free epilepsy with monotherapy and drug-resistant epilepsy. Int J Neurosci 2024; 134:243-252. [PMID: 35822432 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2022.2100773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate i) the relationship between epilepsy and inflammation by analyzing the levels of thymus activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), and interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) in healthy controls, patients with epilepsy on monotherapy and polytherapy, ii) the levels of sICAM5, chemokine (c-x3-c motif) ligand 1 (CX3CL1), and septin 7 (SEPT7) which are important in both inflammation and synaptic formation. Methods: Patients who were seizure-free with monotherapy (epilepsy group-1), patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (epilepsy group-2), and healthy controls were included. Demographical data, disease durations, and medications were noted. Measurements were made by commercial ELISA kits. Results: The numbers of epilepsy group-1, epilepsy group-2, and healthy controls were 23, 20, and 21, respectively. TARC levels were significantly lower in healthy controls than in both epilepsy groups. Higher TARC levels than 0.58 pg/ml indicated epilepsy with a sensitivity of 81.8% and specificity of 84.0%. SEPT7 levels were significantly higher in epilepsy group-1 than in those epilepsy group-2. A negative correlation was found between SEPT7 levels and disease duration as is the case for the correlation between SEPT7 and average seizure duration. A positive correlation was found between IRF5 and CX3CL1 levels, SEPT7 and IRF5 levels, and IRF5 and sICAM5 levels. Conclusions: We suggest that TARC is a promising biomarker, even in a heterogeneous epilepsy group not only for drug-resistance epilepsy but also for seizure-free epilepsy with monotherapy. Additionally, drug resistance, longer disease, and longer seizure durations are related to lower levels of SEPT7, which has an essential role in immunological functions and dendritic morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Müge Ayanoğlu
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Adnan Menderes University School of Medicine, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Özge Çevik
- Department of Biochemistry, Adnan Menderes University School of Medicine, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Ömer Erdoğan
- Department of Biochemistry, Adnan Menderes University School of Medicine, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Fahriye Tosun
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Adnan Menderes University School of Medicine, Aydın, Turkey
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Tavakoli Pirzaman A, Alishah A, Babajani B, Ebrahimi P, Sheikhi SA, Moosaei F, Salarfar A, Doostmohamadian S, Kazemi S. The Role of microRNAs in Hepatocellular Cancer: A Narrative Review Focused on Tumor Microenvironment and Drug Resistance. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2024; 23:15330338241239188. [PMID: 38634139 PMCID: PMC11025440 DOI: 10.1177/15330338241239188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Globally, hepatic cancer ranks fourth in terms of cancer-related mortality and is the sixth most frequent kind of cancer. Around 80% of liver cancers are hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), which are the leading cause of cancer death. It is well known that HCC may develop resistance to the available chemotherapy treatments very fast. One of the biggest obstacles in providing cancer patients with appropriate care is drug resistance. According to reports, more than 90% of cancer-specific fatalities are caused by treatment resistance. By binding to the 3'-untranslated region of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), a group of noncoding RNAs which are around 17 to 25 nucleotides long, regulate target gene expression. Moreover, they play role in the control of signaling pathways, cell proliferation, and cell death. As a result, miRNAs play an important role in the microenvironment of HCC by changing immune phenotypes, hypoxic conditions, and acidification, as well as angiogenesis and extracellular matrix components. Moreover, changes in miRNA levels in HCC can effectively resist cancer cells to chemotherapy by affecting various cellular processes such as autophagy, apoptosis, and membrane transporter activity. In the current work, we narratively reviewed the role of miRNAs in HCC, with a special focus on tumor microenvironment and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Alishah
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Bahareh Babajani
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Pouyan Ebrahimi
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Seyyed Ali Sheikhi
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Farhad Moosaei
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | | | - Sohrab Kazemi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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Yasuda K, Noma H, Mimura T, Nonaka R, Sasaki S, Ofusa A, Shimura M. Role of Novel Inflammatory Factors in Central Retinal Vein Occlusion with Macular Edema. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 60:4. [PMID: 38276038 PMCID: PMC10817650 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: To investigate associations among the aqueous humor levels of novel inflammatory factors, including FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt-3L), fractalkine, CXC chemokine ligand 16 (CXCL-16), and endocan-1; the severity of macular edema in central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO); and the prognosis of CRVO with macular edema after antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy. Materials and Methods: Aqueous humor was obtained during anti-VEGF treatment with intravitreal ranibizumab injection (IRI) in patients with CRVO and macular edema (n = 19) and during cataract surgery in patients with cataracts (controls, n = 20), and the levels of VEGF and novel inflammatory factors were measured. Macular edema was evaluated by central macular thickness (CMT) and neurosensory retinal thickness (TNeuro), and improvement was evaluated by calculating the percentage change in CMT and TNeuro from before to 1 month after IRI. Results: The levels of VEGF and the novel inflammatory factors were significantly higher in the CRVO group, and the levels of Flt-3L, CXCL-16, and endocan-1 were significantly correlated with each other and with the aqueous flare value. Baseline levels of Flt-3L, CXCL-16, and endocan-1 had a significantly negative correlation with the change in CMT, and the baseline level of CXCL-16 was significantly negatively correlated with the change in TNeuro. Conclusions: Relations among novel inflammatory factors should be further investigated. These findings may help improve understanding of macular edema in CRVO patients and aid the development of new treatments targeting novel inflammatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Yasuda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hachioji Medical Center, Tokyo Medical University, 1163, Tatemachi, Hachioji 193-0998, Japan; (K.Y.); (R.N.); (S.S.); (A.O.); (M.S.)
| | - Hidetaka Noma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hachioji Medical Center, Tokyo Medical University, 1163, Tatemachi, Hachioji 193-0998, Japan; (K.Y.); (R.N.); (S.S.); (A.O.); (M.S.)
| | - Tatsuya Mimura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8606, Japan;
| | - Ryota Nonaka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hachioji Medical Center, Tokyo Medical University, 1163, Tatemachi, Hachioji 193-0998, Japan; (K.Y.); (R.N.); (S.S.); (A.O.); (M.S.)
| | - Shotaro Sasaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hachioji Medical Center, Tokyo Medical University, 1163, Tatemachi, Hachioji 193-0998, Japan; (K.Y.); (R.N.); (S.S.); (A.O.); (M.S.)
| | - Akemi Ofusa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hachioji Medical Center, Tokyo Medical University, 1163, Tatemachi, Hachioji 193-0998, Japan; (K.Y.); (R.N.); (S.S.); (A.O.); (M.S.)
| | - Masahiko Shimura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hachioji Medical Center, Tokyo Medical University, 1163, Tatemachi, Hachioji 193-0998, Japan; (K.Y.); (R.N.); (S.S.); (A.O.); (M.S.)
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Tuon L, Tramontin NS, Custódio I, Comim VH, Costa B, Tietbohl LTW, Muller AP. Serum Biomarkers to Mild Cognitive Deficits in Children and Adolescents. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:7080-7087. [PMID: 37526895 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03536-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Intellectual disability (ID) is a condition characterized by significant limitations in both cognitive development and adaptive behavior. The diagnosis is made through clinical assessment, standardized tests, and intelligence quotient (IQ). Genetic, inflammation, oxidative stress, and diet have been suggested to contribute to ID, and biomarkers could potentially aid in diagnosis and treatment. Study included children and adolescents aged 6-16 years. The ID group (n = 16) and the control group (n = 18) underwent the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV) test, and blood samples were collected. Correlations between biomarker levels and WISC-IV test scores were analyzed. The ID group had an IQ score below 75, and the values of four domains (IQ, IOP, IMO, and IVP) were lower compared to the control group. Serum levels of FKN, NGF-β, and vitamin B12 were decreased in the ID group, while DCFH and nitrite levels were increased. Positive correlations were found between FKN and the QIT and IOP domains, NGF and the QIT and IMO domains, and vitamin B12 and the ICV domain. TNF-α showed a negative correlation with the ICV domain. Our study identified FKN, NGF-β, and vitamin B12 as potential biomarkers specific to ID, which could aid in the diagnosis and treatment of ID. TNF-α and oxidative stress biomarkers suggest that ID has a complex etiology, and further research is needed to better understand this condition and develop effective treatments. Future studies could explore the potential implications of these biomarkers and develop targeted interventions based on their findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisiane Tuon
- Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Isis Custódio
- Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Vitor Hugo Comim
- Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Barbara Costa
- Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Alexandre Pastoris Muller
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
- Post-Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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Bishehsari F, Drees M, Adnan D, Sharma D, Green S, Koshy J, Giron LB, Goldman A, Abdel-Mohsen M, Rasmussen HE, Miller GE, Keshavarzian A. Multi-omics approach to socioeconomic disparity in metabolic syndrome reveals roles of diet and microbiome. Proteomics 2023; 23:e2300023. [PMID: 37525324 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202300023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
The epidemy of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is typically preceded by adoption of a "risky" lifestyle (e.g., dietary habit) among populations. Evidence shows that those with low socioeconomic status (SES) are at an increased risk for MetS. To investigate this, we recruited 123 obese subjects (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 30) from Chicago. Multi-omic data were collected to interrogate fecal microbiota, systemic markers of inflammation and immune activation, plasma metabolites, and plasma glycans. Intestinal permeability was measured using the sugar permeability testing. Our results suggest a heterogenous metabolic dysregulation among obese populations who are at risk of MetS. Systemic inflammation, linked to poor diet, intestinal microbiome dysbiosis, and gut barrier dysfunction may explain the development of MetS in these individuals. Our analysis revealed 37 key features associated with increased numbers of MetS features. These features were used to construct a composite metabolic-inflammatory (MI) score that was able to predict progression of MetS among at-risk individuals. The MI score was correlated with several markers of poor diet quality as well as lower levels of gut microbial diversity and abnormalities in several species of bacteria. This study reveals novel targets to reduce the burden of MetS and suggests access to healthy food options as a practical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faraz Bishehsari
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michael Drees
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Darbaz Adnan
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Deepak Sharma
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Stefan Green
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jane Koshy
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Leila B Giron
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Aaron Goldman
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | - Gregory E Miller
- Institute for Policy Research and Dept of Psychology, Northwestern Univ, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Ali Keshavarzian
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Sharma A, Singh P, Jha R, Almatroodi SA, Alrumaihi F, Rahmani AH, Alharbi HO, Dohare R, Syed MA. Exploring the role of miR-200 family in regulating CX3CR1 and CXCR1 in lung adenocarcinoma tumor microenvironment: implications for therapeutic intervention. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16333. [PMID: 37770496 PMCID: PMC10539366 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43484-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common malignant subtype of lung cancer (LC). miR-200 family is one of the prime miR regulators of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and worst overall survival (OS) in LC patients. The study aimed to identify and validate the key differentially expressed immune-related genes (DEIRGs) regulated by miR-200 family which may serve for therapeutic aspects in LUAD tumor microenvironment (TME) by affecting cancer progression, invasion, and metastasis. The study identified differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in LUAD, consisting of hsa-miR-200a-3p and hsa-miR-141-5p, respectively. Two highest-degree subnetwork motifs identified from 3-node miRNA FFL were: (i) miR-200a-3p-CX3CR1-SPIB and (ii) miR-141-5p-CXCR1-TBX21. TIMER analysis showed that the expression levels of CX3CR1 and CXCR1 were significantly positively correlated with infiltrating levels of M0-M2 macrophages and natural killer T (NKT) cells. The OS of LUAD patients was significantly affected by lower expression levels of hsa-miR-200a-3p, CX3CR1 and SPIB. These DEIRGs were validated using the human protein atlas (HPA) web server. Further, we validated the regulatory role of hsa-miR-200a-3p in an in-vitro indirect co-culture model using conditioned media from M0, M1 and M2 polarized macrophages (THP-1) and LUAD cell lines (A549 and H1299 cells). The results pointed out the essential role of hsa-miR-200a-3p regulated CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 expression in progression of LC TME. Thus, the study augments a comprehensive understanding and new strategies for LUAD treatment where miR-200 family regulated immune-related genes, especially chemokine receptors, which regulate the metastasis and invasion of LUAD, leading to the worst associated OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Sharma
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Prithvi Singh
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Rishabh Jha
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Saleh A Almatroodi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, 51452, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faris Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, 51452, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, 51452, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hajed Obaid Alharbi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, 51452, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ravins Dohare
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India.
| | - Mansoor Ali Syed
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India.
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Qin R, Ren W, Ya G, Wang B, He J, Ren S, Jiang L, Zhao S. Role of chemokines in the crosstalk between tumor and tumor-associated macrophages. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:1359-1373. [PMID: 36173487 PMCID: PMC10460746 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-022-00888-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a dynamic network of non-tumoral stromal cells, including cancer-associated fibroblasts, endothelial cells, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), B and T cells. In the TME, TAMs support tumor initiation, progression, invasion and metastasis by promoting angiogenesis and immunosuppression of the tumor cells. There is close crosstalk between TAMs and tumor cells. Notably, chemokines are a significant messenger mediating the crosstalk between tumor cells and TAMs. TAMs can promote tumor progression via secretion of chemokines. Various chemokines secreted by tumors are involved in the generation and polarization of TAMs, the infiltration of TAMs in tumors, and the development of TAMs' suppressive function. This paper reviews CCL2-CCR2, CCL3/5-CCR5, CCL15-CCR1, CCL18-CCR8, CX3CL1/CCL26-CX3CR1, CXCL8-CXCR1/2, CXCL12-CXCR4/CXCR7 signaling pathways, their role in the recruitment, polarization and exertion of TAMs, and their correlation with tumor development, metastasis and prognosis. Furthermore, we present the current research progress on modulating the effects of TAMs with chemokine antagonists and discuss the prospects and potential challenges of using chemokine antagonists as therapeutic tools for cancer treatment. The TAMs targeting by chemokine receptor antagonists in combination with chemotherapy drugs, immune checkpoint inhibitors or radiotherapy appears to be a promising approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Qin
- The First Clinical Medical Institute, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Weihong Ren
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Guoqi Ya
- The First Clinical Medical Institute, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Bei Wang
- The First Clinical Medical Institute, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiao He
- The First Clinical Medical Institute, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shaoxin Ren
- The First Clinical Medical Institute, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lu Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shuo Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Choi JS, Lee SH, Park HB, Chun C, Kim Y, Kim KH, Weon BM, Kim DH, Kim HJ, Lee JH. The deformation of cancer cells through narrow micropores holds the potential to regulate genes that impact cancer malignancy. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:3628-3638. [PMID: 37448298 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00069a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Surgery, radiation, hormonal therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy are standard treatment strategies for metastatic breast cancer. However, the heterogeneous nature of the disease poses challenges and continues to make it life-threatening. It is crucial to elucidate further the underlying signaling pathways to improve treatment efficacy. Our study established two triple-negative breast cancer cell lines (TW-1 and TW-2) that were physically deformed using 3 μm pores to investigate the relationship between cancer cell deformation and metastasis within a heterogeneous population. The physical transformation of TW-1 and TW-2 cells significantly affected their growth and migration speed, as evidenced by wound healing assays for collective cell migration and microchannel assays for single-cell migration. We conducted bulk RNA sequencing to gain insights into the genes influenced by physical deformation. Additionally, we evaluated the effects of trametinib resistance on breast cancer cell metastasis by assessing cell viability and migration rates. Interestingly, TW-1 and TW-2 cells exhibited resistance to trametinib treatment. We observed a significant upregulation of GABRA-3, a protein commonly expressed in malignant breast cancer, and the critical transcription factor Myc in TW-1 and TW-2 cells compared to the control group (Ori). However, we did not observe a significant difference in Myc expression between TW-1 and TW-2 cells. In contrast, in the trametinib-resistant cell lines (TW-1-Tra and TW-2-Tra), we found increased expression of OCT4 and SOX2 rather than GABRA-3 or Myc. These findings highlight the differential expression patterns of these genes in our study, suggesting their potential role in cancer cell deformation and drug resistance. Our study presents a potential in vitro model for metastatic and drug-resistant breast cancer cells. By investigating the correlation between cancer cell deformation and metastasis, we contribute to understanding breast cancer heterogeneity and lay the groundwork for developing improved treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Seob Choi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kongju National University, Budaedong 275, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, 31080, South Korea
| | - Su Han Lee
- Digital Health Care Research Center, Gumi Electronics and Information Technology Research Institute (GERI), 350-27, Gumidaero, Gumi, Gyeongbuk 39253, South Korea
| | - Hye Bin Park
- Digital Health Care Research Center, Gumi Electronics and Information Technology Research Institute (GERI), 350-27, Gumidaero, Gumi, Gyeongbuk 39253, South Korea
| | - Changho Chun
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Yeseul Kim
- Soft Matter Physics Laboratory, School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Kyung Hoon Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Byung Mook Weon
- Soft Matter Physics Laboratory, School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Deok-Ho Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Hyung Jin Kim
- Digital Health Care Research Center, Gumi Electronics and Information Technology Research Institute (GERI), 350-27, Gumidaero, Gumi, Gyeongbuk 39253, South Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Lee
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
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Yan H, Wu J, Yan H. iRHOM2 regulates inflammation and endothelial barrier permeability via CX3CL1. Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:319. [PMID: 37273752 PMCID: PMC10236134 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is associated with increased lung inflammation and lung permeability. The present study aimed to determine the role of inactive rhomboid-like protein 2 (iRHOM2) in ALI in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell model. Human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMVECs) were transfected with small interfering RNA targeting iRHOM2 and C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CX3CL1) overexpression plasmids and treated with LPS. Cell viability was detected using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, while levels of TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6 and p65 were measured by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting. Apoptosis levels were measured using a TUNEL assay. Endothelial barrier permeability was detected, followed by analysis of zonula occludens-1, vascular endothelial-cadherin and occludin by immunofluorescence staining or western blotting. The interaction of iRHOM2 and CX3CL1 was analyzed using an immune-coprecipitation assay. Through bioinformatics analysis, it was found that CX3CL1 was upregulated in the LPS group compared with the control. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis demonstrated that the TNF signaling pathway affected by iRHOM2 and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, including CX3CL1, served a key role in ALI. HPMVECs treated with LPS exhibited a decrease in cell viability and an increase in inflammation, apoptosis and endothelial barrier permeability, while these effects were reversed by iRHOM2 silencing. However, CX3CL1 overexpression inhibited the effects of iRHOM2 silencing on LPS-treated HPMVECs. The present study demonstrated a novel role of iRHOM2 as a regulator that affects inflammation, apoptosis and endothelial barrier permeability; this was associated with CX3CL1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyuan Yan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
| | - Junsong Wu
- Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810016, P.R. China
| | - Huilian Yan
- Fenyang College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030604, P.R. China
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Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Allocryptopine via the Target on the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis/GNB5/AKT/NF-κB/Apoptosis in Dextran Sulfate-Induced Mice. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020464. [PMID: 36831001 PMCID: PMC9952939 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Allocryptopine (ALL) is an isoquinoline alkaloid extracted from Macleaya cordata(Willd). R. Br., which has been claimed to have anti-inflammatory and neuroprotection properties. However, the mechanism by which ALL ameliorates inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear. Here, we used network pharmacology and quantitative proteomic approaches to investigate the effect of ALL on IBD pathogenesis. Network pharmacology predicted potential targets and signaling pathways of ALL's anti-IBD effects. As predicted by network pharmacology, gene ontology (GO) analysis, in terms of the proteomic results, showed that the immune response in mucosa and antimicrobial humoral response were enriched. Further study revealed that the ALL-related pathways were the chemokine signaling pathway and apoptosis in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). In addition, we identified AKT1 as a hub for the critical pathways through protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. Similar to mesalazine (MES), Western blot verified that ALL downregulated upstream chemokine CX3CL1 and GNB5 content to reduce phosphorylation of AKT and NF-κB, as well as the degree of apoptosis, to improve inflammatory response in the colon. Our research may shed light on the mechanism by which ALL inhibits the CX3CL1/GNB5/AKT2/NF-κB/apoptosis pathway and improves the intestinal barrier to reduce colitis response and act on the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis to achieve neuroprotection.
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11
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Lu Z, Zhang A, Dai Y. CX3CL1 deficiency ameliorates inflammation, apoptosis and accelerates osteogenic differentiation, mineralization in LPS-treated MC3T3-E1 cells via its receptor CX3CR1. Ann Anat 2023; 246:152036. [PMID: 36436718 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2022.152036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a devastating skeletal disease responsible for bone fragility and fracture. CX3C chemokine ligand 1 (CX3CL1) is an inflammatory chemokine which has been identified to possess increased expression in the serum of postmenopausal osteoporotic patients. This paper was to illuminate the impacts of CX3CL1 on inflammation, apoptosis and osteogenic differentiation, mineralization in LPS-treated osteoblasts and investigate the regulatory mechanism. METHODS The viability of MC3T3-E1 cells exposed to elevating doses of LPS was detected by CCK-8 assay. CX3CL1 and C-X3-C motif chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CR1) expression were detected by RT-qPCR and western blot. CX3CR1 expression was examined again following CX3CL1 depletion. The binding of CX3CL1 with CX3CR1 was testified through Co-IP assay. In MC3T3-E1 cells co-transduced with CX3CL1 interference and CX3CR1 overexpression plasmids following LPS exposure, cell activity and inflammation were separately estimated via CCK-8 assay and RT-qPCR. Apoptosis was measured by TUNEL assay and western blot. Osteoblast differentiation was evaluated by ALP activity assay, RT-qPCR and western blot. Osteoblast mineralization was assessed by ARS staining, RT-qPCR and western blot. Results The experimental data presented that LPS attenuated the viability and enhanced CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 expression in MC3T3-E1 cells in a dose-dependent manner. CX3CR1 interacted with CX3CL1 and was positively modulated by CX3CL1. The suppressive role of CX3CL1 absence in LPS-evoked viability decrease, inflammation and apoptosis in MC3T3-E1 cells was reversed by CX3CR1 elevation. Besides, CX3CR1 reversed the promoted osteoblast differentiation and mineralization imposed by CX3CL1 interference. CONCLUSIONS CX3CL1 knockdown eased inflammation, apoptosis and promoted osteogenic differentiation, mineralization in MC3T3-E1 cells upon LPS exposure through down-regulating CX3CR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Lu
- Medical school, Yangzhou Polytechnic College, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, China; Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Yan Dai
- Medical research center, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, China; Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.
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12
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Potential Impact of Prosthetic Biomaterials on the Periodontium: A Comprehensive Review. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031075. [PMID: 36770741 PMCID: PMC9921997 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The success of a prosthetic treatment is closely related to the periodontal health of the individual. The aim of this article was to review and present the importance of prosthetic restorative materials on the condition of the periodontium, the changes that occur in the composition of the subgingival microbiota and the levels of inflammatory markers in gingival crevicular fluid. Articles on the influence of different prosthetic restorative materials on subgingival microbiota and proinflammatory cytokines were searched for using the keywords "prosthetic biomaterials", "fixed prosthesis", "periodontal health", "subgingival microbiota", "periodontal biomarkers" and "gingival crevicular fluid" in PubMed/Medline, Science Direct, Scopus and Google Scholar. The type of material used for prosthesis fabrication together with poor marginal and internal fit can result in changes in the composition of the subgingival microbiota, as well as increased accumulation and retention of dentobacterial plaque, thus favoring the development of periodontal disease and prosthetic treatment failure. Biological markers have helped to understand the inflammatory response of different prosthetic materials on periodontal tissues with the main purpose of improving their clinical application in patients who need them. Metal-free ceramic prostheses induce a lower inflammatory response regardless of the fabrication method; however, the use of CAD/CAM systems is recommended for their fabrication. In addition, it is presumed that metal-ceramic prostheses cause changes in the composition of the subgingival microbiota producing a more dysbiotic biofilm with a higher prevalence of periodontopathogenic bacteria, which may further favor periodontal deterioration.
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Wang XC, Zhou H, Jiang WJ, Jiang P, Sun YC, Ni WJ. Effect of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 gene polymorphisms on the clinical efficacy of carboplatin therapy in Han patients with ovarian cancer. Front Genet 2023; 13:1065213. [PMID: 36685881 PMCID: PMC9852718 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1065213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene polymorphisms have a close relationship with the clinical effects of carboplatin for ovarian cancer. Here, we investigated the relationship between CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 genotypes and the clinical efficacy of carboplatin in ovarian cancer, thereby clarifying the unidentified genetic factors that influence the efficacy of carboplatin in ovarian cancer. Based on the above purposes, we used Sequenom Mass ARRAY technology to detect CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 gene polymorphisms in 127 patients with carboplatin-treated ovarian cancer. We performed various statistical analyses to evaluate the effects of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 genetic variants, demographic data, and clinical characteristics on the effect of carboplatin therapy. The results show that the CX3CL1 genotypes rs223815 (G>C) and rs682082 (G>A) will significantly affect the clinical efficacy of carboplatin for ovarian cancer (p < 0.05), while the other six genotypes and all CX3CR1 genotypes have no significant effect (p > 0.05). In addition, only one population factor, age, had a significant effect on the clinical efficacy of carboplatin-treated ovarian cancer (p < 0.05). Based on the above research results, we concluded that the clinical efficacy of carboplatin in ovarian cancer patients was significantly correlated with age and CX3CL1 polymorphism factors; however, more in-depth effects and mechanisms need to be explored by large-scale, multicenter studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Chen Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wen-Jing Jiang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yan-Cai Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wei-Jian Ni
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China,*Correspondence: Wei-Jian Ni,
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14
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García-Fernández P, Höfflin K, Rausch A, Strommer K, Neumann A, Cebulla N, Reinhold AK, Rittner H, Üçeyler N, Sommer C. Systemic inflammatory markers in patients with polyneuropathies. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1067714. [PMID: 36860843 PMCID: PMC9969086 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1067714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In patients with peripheral neuropathies (PNP), neuropathic pain is present in 50% of the cases, independent of the etiology. The pathophysiology of pain is poorly understood, and inflammatory processes have been found to be involved in neuro-degeneration, -regeneration and pain. While previous studies have found a local upregulation of inflammatory mediators in patients with PNP, there is a high variability described in the cytokines present systemically in sera and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). We hypothesized that the development of PNP and neuropathic pain is associated with enhanced systemic inflammation. Methods To test our hypothesis, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the protein, lipid and gene expression of different pro- and anti-inflammatory markers in blood and CSF from patients with PNP and controls. Results While we found differences between PNP and controls in specific cytokines or lipids, such as CCL2 or oleoylcarnitine, PNP patients and controls did not present major differences in systemic inflammatory markers in general. IL-10 and CCL2 levels were related to measures of axonal damage and neuropathic pain. Lastly, we describe a strong interaction between inflammation and neurodegeneration at the nerve roots in a specific subgroup of PNP patients with blood-CSF barrier dysfunction. Conclusion In patients with PNP systemic inflammatory, markers in blood or CSF do not differ from controls in general, but specific cytokines or lipids do. Our findings further highlight the importance of CSF analysis in patients with peripheral neuropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Klemens Höfflin
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Antonia Rausch
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Astrid Neumann
- Department of Bioanalytics, Bionorica research GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Nadine Cebulla
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ann-Kristin Reinhold
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Heike Rittner
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nurcan Üçeyler
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Sommer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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15
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Proinflammatory cytokines and their receptors as druggable targets to alleviate pathological pain. Pain 2022; 163:S79-S98. [DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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16
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West PW, Bulfone-Paus S. Mast cell tissue heterogeneity and specificity of immune cell recruitment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:932090. [PMID: 35967445 PMCID: PMC9374002 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.932090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells occupy a unique niche within tissues as long lived perpetrators of IgE mediated hypersensitivity and anaphylaxis, as well as other immune responses. However, mast cells are not identical in different tissues and the impact of this tissue heterogeneity on the interaction with other immune cells and on defined immune responses is still unclear. In this review, we synthesize the characteristics of mast cell heterogeneity in the gut and the skin. Furthermore, we attempt to connect mast cell heterogeneity with functional diversity by exploring differences in mast cell-induced immune cell recruitment in these two model organs. The differential expression of certain receptors on mast cells of different tissues, notably tissue-specific expression patterns of integrins, complement receptors and MRGPRX2, could indicate that tissue environment-dependent factors skew mast cell-immune cell interactions, for example by regulating the expression of these receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silvia Bulfone-Paus
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
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17
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Lu M, Zhao W, Han S, Lin X, Xu T, Tan Q, Wang M, Yi C, Chu X, Yang W, Zhu Y, Wu B, Zhao Q. Activation of the human chemokine receptor CX3CR1 regulated by cholesterol. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn8048. [PMID: 35767622 PMCID: PMC9242592 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn8048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
As the only member of the CX3C chemokine receptor subfamily, CX3CR1 binds to its sole endogenous ligand CX3CL1, which shows notable potential as a therapeutic target in atherosclerosis, cancer, and neuropathy. However, the drug development of CX3CR1 is hampered partially by the lack of structural information. Here, we present two cryo-electron microscopy structures of CX3CR1-Gi1 complexes in ligand-free and CX3CL1-bound states at 2.8- and 3.4-Å resolution, respectively. Together with functional data, the structures reveal the key factors that govern the recognition of CX3CL1 by both CX3CR1 and US28. A much smaller conformational change of helix VI upon activation than previously solved class A GPCR-Gi complex structures is observed in CX3CR1, which may correlate with three cholesterol molecules that play essential roles in conformation stabilization and signaling transduction. Thus, our data deepen the understanding of cholesterol modulation in GPCR (G protein-coupled receptor) signaling and provide insights into the diversity of G protein coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenli Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingyu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiuxiang Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Cuiying Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaojing Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Weibo Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ya Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai 200031, China
- Corresponding author. (Y.Z.); (B.W.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Beili Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- Corresponding author. (Y.Z.); (B.W.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, SIMM, CAS, Zhongshan, China
- Corresponding author. (Y.Z.); (B.W.); (Q.Z.)
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Pu L, Meng Q, Li S, Wang Y, Sun B, Liu B, Li F. Laminar shear stress alleviates monocyte adhesion and atherosclerosis development via miR-29b-3p/CX3CL1 axis regulation. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:275792. [PMID: 35735031 PMCID: PMC9450891 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Laminar shear stress (Lss) is an important anti-atherosclerosis (anti-AS) factor, but its mechanism network is not clear. Therefore, this study aimed to identify how Lss acts against AS formation from a new perspective. In this study, we analyzed high-throughput sequencing data from static and Lss-treated human aortic and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HAECs and HUVECs, respectively) and found that the expression of CX3CL1, which is a target gene closely related to AS development, was lower in the Lss group. Lss alleviated the inflammatory response in TNF-α (also known as TNF)-activated HAECs by regulating the miR-29b-3p/CX3CL1 axis, and this was achieved by blocking nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling. In complementary in vivo experiments, a high-fat diet (HFD) induced inflammatory infiltration and plaque formation in the aorta, both of which were significantly reduced after injection of agomir-miRNA-29b-3p via the tail vein into HFD-fed ApoE−/− mice. In conclusion, this study reveals that the Lss-sensitive miR-29b-3p/CX3CL1 axis is an important regulatory target that affects vascular endothelial inflammation and AS development. Our study provides new insights into the prevention and treatment of AS. Summary: The laminar shear stress-sensitive miR-29b-3p/CX3CL1 axis significantly inhibits monocyte adhesion to activated human aortic endothelial cells, and alleviates local inflammation and plaque formation in ApoE−/− mice fed a high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luya Pu
- Department of Pathogenobiology, The Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qingyu Meng
- Department of Pathogenobiology, The Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Pathogenobiology, The Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yaru Wang
- Department of Pathogenobiology, The Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Banghao Sun
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Cardiovascular Disease Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Pathogenobiology, The Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Engineering Research Center for Medical Biomaterials of Jilin Province, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory for Health Biomedical Materials of Jilin Province, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Xinjiang, China.,The Key Laboratory for Bionics Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Fractalkine deficiency attenuates LPS-induced acute kidney injury and podocyte apoptosis by targeting the PI3K/Akt signal pathway. Clin Exp Nephrol 2022; 26:741-749. [PMID: 35394554 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-022-02218-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Podocyte injury is a major biomarker of primary glomerular disease, which leads to massive proteinuria and kidney failure. The increased production of the chemokine, fractalkine (FKN, CX3CL1), is a hallmark of multiple inflammatory diseases. However, the underlying mechanism of FKN in podocyte injury remains unknown. METHODS In this study, we performed an LPS infusion model in FKN knockout (FKN-/-, FKN-KO) mice. In cultured podocytes, we used plasmids to knockdown FKN and treated the podocytes with PI3K/Akt inhibitor (LY294002). Haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, Western Bolt, Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), Immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometric analysis were employed to establish the role of FKN in podocyte injury. RESULTS LPS stimulation resulted in kidney damage, increased the expression of the Bcl-2 family apoptosis protein, and decreased podocyte marker protein (nephrin, podocin and WT1) abundance compared with the WT mice. LPS-induced FKN-KO mice exhibited reduced lethality and inflammatory cell infiltration, podocyte apoptosis, and PI3K/Akt signal pathway inhibition compared to WT mice. In cultured podocytes, the interaction between FKN and the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway was well confirmed. FKN knockdown reduced podocyte apoptosis by regulating the Bcl-2 family; however, this protective effect was reversed by the co-administration of a PI3K/Akt inhibitor (LY294002). CONCLUSION Overall, these findings reveal a novel mechanistic property of FKN, PI3K/Akt signalling, and podocyte apoptosis.
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Meng Q, Zhou L, Liang H, Hu A, Zhou H, Zhou J, Zhou X, Lin H, Li X, Jiang L, Dong J. Spine‑specific downregulation of LAPTM5 expression promotes the progression and spinal metastasis of estrogen receptor‑positive breast cancer by activating glutamine‑dependent mTOR signaling. Int J Oncol 2022; 60:47. [PMID: 35294039 PMCID: PMC8923652 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer (BC) is a malignancy that is prone to metastasis to the spine, which is difficult to treat and often results in poor prognosis. However, the mechanism underlying the tumorigenesis and spinal metastasis of ER+ BC remains unclear. Lysosomal protein transmembrane 5 (LAPTM5) has been reported as a tumor suppressor in several types of cancer, but its role in ER+ BC has not been described. Here, by analyzing a gene sequencing dataset and ER+ BC tissues, tumor-adjacent normal tissues and spinal metastatic tissues from patients and mouse models, we found that LAPTM5 expression is negatively related to the progression and spinal metastasis of ER+ BC. Subsequently, in vitro experiments demonstrated that downregulation of LAPTM5 expression promoted the proliferation, migration, and chemoresistance of ER+ BC cells by activating glutamine-dependent mTOR signaling. A high level of CX3CL1 could inhibit LAPTM5 expression, explaining how ER+ BC metastasized to the spine. Thus, we found that LAPTM5 functions as a tumor suppressor in ER+ BC and that the CX3CL/CX3CR1/LAPTM5/glutamine axis mediates the spinal metastasis of ER+ BC. This axis may be a promising therapeutic target for ER+ BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbing Meng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Haifeng Liang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Annan Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xuhui‑Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Xiaogang Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Hong Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Xilei Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Libo Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Jian Dong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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21
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Hinckley JD, Saba L, Raymond K, Bartels K, Klawitter J, Christians U, Hopfer C. An Approach to Biomarker Discovery of Cannabis Use Utilizing Proteomic, Metabolomic, and Lipidomic Analyses. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2022; 7:65-77. [PMID: 33998853 PMCID: PMC8864439 DOI: 10.1089/can.2020.0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Relatively little is known about the molecular pathways influenced by cannabis use in humans. We used a multi-omics approach to examine protein, metabolomic, and lipid markers in plasma differentiating between cannabis users and nonusers to understand markers associated with cannabis use. Methods: Eight discordant twin pairs and four concordant twin pairs for cannabis use completed a blood draw, urine and plasma toxicology testing, and provided information about their past 30-day cannabis use and other substance use patterns. The 24 twins were all non-Hispanic whites. Sixty-six percent were female. Median age was 30 years. Fifteen participants reported that they had used cannabis in the last 30 days, including eight participants that used every day or almost every day (29-30 of 30 days). Of these 15 participants, plasma 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH) and total tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) concentrations were detectable in 12 participants. Among the eight "heavy users" the amount of total THC (sum of THC and its metabolites) and plasma THC-COOH concentrations varied widely, with ranges of 13.1-1713 ng/mL and 2.7-284 ng/mL, respectively. A validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay measured plasma THC-COOH, THC, and other cannabinoids and metabolites. Plasma THC-COOH was used as the primary measure. Expression levels of 1305 proteins were measured using SOMAScan assay, and 34 lipid mediators and 314 metabolites were measured with LC-MS/MS. Analyses examined associations between markers and THC-COOH levels with and without taking genetic relatedness into account. Results: Thirteen proteins, three metabolites, and two lipids were identified as associated with THC-COOH levels. Myc proto-oncogene was identified as associated with THC-COOH levels in both molecular insight and potential marker analyses. Five pathways (interleukin-6 production, T lymphocyte regulation, apoptosis, kinase signaling pathways, and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) were linked with molecules identified in these analyses. Conclusions: THC-COOH levels are associated with immune system-related pathways. This study presents a feasible approach to identify additional molecular markers associated with THC-COOH levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse D. Hinckley
- Division of Substance Dependence, Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Laura Saba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kristen Raymond
- Division of Substance Dependence, Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Karsten Bartels
- Division of Substance Dependence, Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, and University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jost Klawitter
- Department of Anesthesiology, and University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- iC42 Clinical Research and Development, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Uwe Christians
- Department of Anesthesiology, and University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- iC42 Clinical Research and Development, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Christian Hopfer
- Division of Substance Dependence, Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- *Address correspondence to: Christian Hopfer, MD, Division of Substance Dependence, Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12469 East 17th Place, Mail Stop F570, Aurora, CO 80045, USA,
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22
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Wang JP, Hu QC, Yang J, Luoreng ZM, Wang XP, Ma Y, Wei DW. Differential Expression Profiles of lncRNA Following LPS-Induced Inflammation in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:758488. [PMID: 34778437 PMCID: PMC8589037 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.758488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine mastitis is an inflammatory response of mammary glands caused by pathogenic microorganisms such as Escherichia coli (E. coli). As a key virulence factor of E. coli, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) triggers innate immune responses via activation of the toll-like-receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway. However, the molecular regulatory network of LPS-induced bovine mastitis has yet to be fully mapped. In this study, bovine mammary epithelial cell lines MAC-T were exposed to LPS for 0, 6 and 12 h to assess the expression profiles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) using RNA-seq. Differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) were filtered out of the raw data for subsequent analyses. A total of 2,257 lncRNAs, including 210 annotated and 2047 novel lncRNAs were detected in all samples. A large proportion of lncRNAs were present in a high abundance, and 112 DElncRNAs were screened out at different time points. Compared with 0 h, there were 22 up- and 25 down-regulated lncRNAs in the 6 h of post-infection (hpi) group, and 27 up- and 22 down-regulated lncRNAs in the 12 hpi group. Compared with the 6 hpi group, 32 lncRNAs were up-regulated and 25 lncRNAs were down-regulated in the 12 hpi group. These DElncRNAs are involved in the regulation of a variety of immune-related processes including inflammatory responses bMECs exposed to LPS. Furthermore, lncRNA TCONS_00039271 and TCONS_00139850 were respectively significance down- and up-regulated, and their target genes involve in regulating inflammation-related signaling pathways (i.e.,Notch, NF-κB, MAPK, PI3K-Akt and mTOR signaling pathway), thereby regulating the occurrence and development of E. coli mastitis. This study provides a resource for lncRNA research on the molecular regulation of bovine mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Peng Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Qi-Chao Hu
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jian Yang
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Zhuo-Ma Luoreng
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xing-Ping Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yun Ma
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Da-Wei Wei
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
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23
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Abdou AE, Anani HAA, Ibrahim HF, Ebrahem EE, Seliem N, Youssef EMI, Ghoraba NM, Hassan AS, Ramadan MAA, Mahmoud E, Issa S, Maghraby HM, Abdelrahman EK, Hassan HAM. Urinary IgG, serum CX3CL1 and miRNA-152-3p: as predictors of nephropathy in Egyptian type 2 diabetic patients. Tissue Barriers 2021; 10:1994823. [PMID: 34689723 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2021.1994823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the role of urinary IgG, serum CX3CL1 and miRNA 152-3p levels as predictors of nephropathy in type 2 Egyptian diabetic patients. Sixty type 2 diabetic patients and twenty healthy controls were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Then they were grouped into: three groups based upon urine albumin excretion (UAE). The expression of miRNA 152-3p in serum was measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTq-PCR). Serum CX3CL1 and urinary IgG concentrations were measured by ELISA. RTq-PCR revealed that serum miRNA-152-3p levels in patients were significantly higher than in controls. There was significant differences between group with normoalbuminuria and groups with diabetic nephropathy DN as regard to age, duration of nephropathy, Albumin/Creatinine ratio (A/C ratio), creatinine, urine IgG, CX3CL1 and HbA1c. In diabetic patients, there was a significant positive correlation between miRNA-152-3p levels and disease duration only as well as significant positive correlations between urinary IgG levels and age, disease duration, serum creatinine, A/C ratio, and urea. Positive correlation between serum fractalkine CX3CL1 level and age, duration of disease, urea, creatinine, A/C ratio, HbA1C and IgG in patient with DN. Serum CX3CL1 level, urinary IgG were significantly increased with the progress of nephropathy so these integrated biomarkers could be used as good predictors for early identification of nephropathy. But miRNA- 152-3p has inadequate prognostic indicator for ESRD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aml E Abdou
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Haneya A A Anani
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanan F Ibrahim
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Elshohat Ebrahem
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nora Seliem
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman M I Youssef
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.,Biochemistry Department, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Niveen M Ghoraba
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Asmaa S Hassan
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa A A Ramadan
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Mahmoud
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shorouk Issa
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hend M Maghraby
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman K Abdelrahman
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
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24
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Zhang C, Tang K, Zhang Y, Ma Y, Du H, Zheng X, Yang K, Chen L, Zhuang R, Jin B, Zhang Y. Elevated Plasma Fractalkine Level Is Associated with the Severity of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome in Humans. Viral Immunol 2021; 34:491-499. [PMID: 34463135 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2020.0244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hantaan virus infection may cause severe lethal hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in humans. The chemokine fractalkine (CX3CL1) acts as a proinflammatory cytokine, and it is elevated in several infectious diseases. However, little is known about the contributions of CX3CL1 to HFRS pathogenesis. Present study detected plasma CX3CL1 levels and expression of the receptor CX3CR1 in HFRS patients and discussed the possible effects of CX3CL1 on pathogenesis of HFRS. Plasma CX3CL1 in acute phase and Critical/Severe groups of HFRS patients were significantly increased compared to that in normal controls (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01, respectively). High plasma CX3CL1 was negatively correlated with platelet count (r = -0.5844, p < 0.0001) and positively correlated with blood urea nitrogen (r = 0.3668, p = 0.0039), creatinine (r = 0.42, p = 0.0008), and white blood cells (r = 0.2646, p = 0.0411). Expression of CX3CR1 on nonclassical and intermediate monocytes was also increased in the acute phase (p < 0.01 for both the cells) and Critical/Severe groups (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively) of HFRS patients compared to that in normal controls. Taken together, elevation of plasma CX3CL1 in HFRS patients and expression of CX3CR1 on nonclassical and intermediate monocyte subsets might provide new insights into the potential role of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 in pathogenesis of HFRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Zhang
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kang Tang
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yusi Zhang
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hong Du
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuyang Zheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lihua Chen
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ran Zhuang
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Boquan Jin
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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25
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Feng ZH, Li SQ, Zhang JX, Ni B, Bai XR, Xu JH, Liu ZB, Xin WW, Kang L, Gao S, Wang J, Li YW, Li JX, Yuan Y, Wang JL. Analysis of Gene Expression Profiles, Cytokines, and Bacterial Loads Relevant to Alcoholic Liver Disease Mice Infected With V. vulnificus. Front Immunol 2021; 12:695491. [PMID: 34489943 PMCID: PMC8417779 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.695491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with liver disease are susceptible to infection with Vibrio vulnificus (V. vulnificus), but the specific reasons remain elusive. Through RNA-seq, we found that when mice with alcoholic liver disease (ALD) were infected with V. vulnificus by gavage, compared with the Pair group, the small intestinal genes affecting intestinal permeability were upregulated; and the number of differentially expressed genes related to immune functions (e.g., such as cell chemotaxis, leukocyte differentiation, and neutrophil degranulation) decreased in the liver, spleen, and blood. Further analysis showed that the number of white blood cells decreased in the Pair group, whereas those in the ALD mice did not change significantly. Interestingly, the blood bacterial load in the ALD mice was about 100 times higher than that of the Pair group. After the ALD mice were infected with V. vulnificus, the concentrations of T cell proliferation-promoting cytokines (IL-2, IL-23) decreased. Therefore, unlike the Pair group, ALD mice had weaker immune responses, lower T cell proliferation-promoting cytokines, and higher bacterial loads post-infection, possibly increasing their susceptibility to V. vulnificus infection. These new findings we presented here may help to advance the current understanding of the reasons why patients with liver disease are susceptible to V. vulnificus infection and provides potential targets for further investigation in the context of treatment options for V. vulnificus sepsis in liver disease patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Han Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China
| | - Shi-Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China
| | - Bin Ni
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xin-Ru Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jian-Hao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Bo Liu
- Rongcheng International Travel Health Care Center, Rong Cheng Customs, Rongcheng, China
| | - Wen-Wen Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China
| | - Lin Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China
| | - Shan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Lin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China
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26
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Gong Q, Jiang Y, Pan X, You Y. Fractalkine aggravates LPS-induced macrophage activation and acute kidney injury via Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:6963-6975. [PMID: 34101346 PMCID: PMC8278080 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fractalkine (CX3CL1, FKN), a CX3C gene sequence inflammatory chemokine, has been found to have pro-inflammatory and pro-adhesion effects. Macrophages are immune cells with a critical role in regulating the inflammatory response. The imbalance of M1/M2 macrophage polarization can lead to aggravated inflammation. This study attempts to investigate the mechanisms through which FKN regulates macrophage activation and the acute kidney injury (AKI) involved in inflammatory response induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by using FKN knockout (FKN-KO) mice and cultured macrophages. It was found that FKN and Wnt/β-catenin signalling have a positive interaction in macrophages. FKN overexpression inhibited LPS-induced macrophage apoptosis. However, it enhanced their cell viability and transformed them into the M2 type. The effects of FKN overexpression were accelerated by activation of Wnt/β-catenin signalling. In the in vivo experiments, FKN deficiency suppressed macrophage activation and reduced AKI induced by LPS. Inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signalling and FKN deficiency further mitigated the pathologic process of AKI. In summary, we provide a novel mechanism underlying activation of macrophages in LPS-induced AKI. Although LPS-induced murine AKI was unable to completely recapitulate human AKI, the positive interactions between FKN and Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway may be a therapeutic target in the treatment of kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiming Gong
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Science laboratory, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Xiuhong Pan
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Yanwu You
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
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27
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Korytina GF, Aznabaeva YG, Akhmadishina LZ, Kochetova OV, Nasibullin TR, Zagidullin NS, Zagidullin SZ, Viktorova TV. The Relationship Between Chemokine and Chemokine Receptor Genes Polymorphisms and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Susceptibility in Tatar Population from Russia: A Case Control Study. Biochem Genet 2021; 60:54-79. [PMID: 34091786 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-021-10087-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory lung disease affecting primarily distal respiratory pathways and lung parenchyma. This study aimed to determine possible genetic association of chemokine and chemokine receptor genes polymorphisms with COPD in a Tatar population from Russia. SNPs of CCL20, CCR6, CXCL8, CXCR1, CXCR2, CCL8, CCL23, CCR2, and CX3CL1 genes and their gene-gene interactions were analyzed for association with COPD in cohort of 601 patients and 617 controls. As a result statistically significant associations with COPD in the study group under the biologically plausible assumption of additive genetic model were identified in CCL20 (rs6749704) (P = 0.00001, OR 1.55), CCR6 (rs3093024) (P = 0.0003, OR 0.74), CCL8 (rs3138035) (P = 0.0001, OR 0.67), CX3CL1 (rs170364) (P = 0.023, OR 1.21), CXCL8 (rs4073) (P = 0.007, OR 1.23), CXCR2 (rs2230054) (P = 0.0002, OR 1.32). Following SNPs CCL20 (rs6749704), CX3CL1 (rs170364), CCL8 (rs3138035), CXCL8 (rs4073), CXCR2 (rs2230054) showed statistically significant association with COPD only in smokers. The association of CCR6 (rs3093024) with COPD was confirmed both in smokers and in non-smokers. A relationship between smoking index and CCL20 (rs6749704) (P = 0.04), CCR6 (rs3093024) (P = 0.007), CCL8 (rs3138035) (P = 0.0043), and CX3CL1 (rs170364) (P = 0.04) was revealed. A significant genotype-dependent variation of Forced Vital Capacity was observed for CCL23 (rs854655) (P = 0.04). Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 s / Forced Vital Capacity ratio was affected by CCL23 (rs854655) (P = 0.05) and CXCR2 (rs1126579) (P = 0.02). Using the APSampler algorithm, we obtained nine gene-gene combinations that remained significantly associated with COPD; loci CCR2 (rs1799864) and CCL8 (rs3138035) were involved in the largest number of the combinations. Our results indicate that CCL20 (rs6749704), CCR6 (rs3093024), CCR2 (rs1799864), CCL8 (rs3138035), CXCL8 (rs4073), CXCR1 (rs2234671), CXCR2 (rs2230054), and CX3CL1 (rs170364) polymorphisms are strongly associated with COPD in Tatar population from Russia, alone and in combinations. For the first time combination of the corresponding SNPs were considered and as a result 8 SNP patterns were associated with increased risk of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulnaz F Korytina
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics - Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IBG UFRC RAS), Pr. Oktybry 71, Ufa, 450054, Russian Federation. .,Department of Biology, Bashkir State Medical University, Lenina Str, 3, Ufa, 450008, Russian Federation.
| | - Yulia G Aznabaeva
- Department of Internal Diseases, Bashkir State Medical University, Lenina Str, 3, Ufa, 450008, Russian Federation
| | - Leysan Z Akhmadishina
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics - Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IBG UFRC RAS), Pr. Oktybry 71, Ufa, 450054, Russian Federation
| | - Olga V Kochetova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics - Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IBG UFRC RAS), Pr. Oktybry 71, Ufa, 450054, Russian Federation
| | - Timur R Nasibullin
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics - Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IBG UFRC RAS), Pr. Oktybry 71, Ufa, 450054, Russian Federation
| | - Naufal Sh Zagidullin
- Department of Internal Diseases, Bashkir State Medical University, Lenina Str, 3, Ufa, 450008, Russian Federation
| | - Shamil Z Zagidullin
- Department of Internal Diseases, Bashkir State Medical University, Lenina Str, 3, Ufa, 450008, Russian Federation
| | - Tatyana V Viktorova
- Department of Biology, Bashkir State Medical University, Lenina Str, 3, Ufa, 450008, Russian Federation
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28
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Mohammadi MH, Kariminik A. CC and CXC chemokines play key roles in the development of polyomaviruses related pathological conditions. Virol J 2021; 18:111. [PMID: 34082771 PMCID: PMC8173740 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-021-01582-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that polyomaviruses are the microbes which can be a cause of several human pathological conditions including cancers, nephropathy, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and gynaecological disease. Although investigators proposed some mechanisms used by the viruses to induce the disorders, the roles played by chemokines in the pathogenesis of polyomaviruses infections are yet to be clarified. This review article investigated recent studies regarding the roles played by chemokines in the pathogenesis of the polyomaviruses infections. The research in the literature revealed that CXC chemokines, including CXCL1, CXCL5, CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, CXCL12 and CXCL16, significantly participate in the pathogenesis of polyomaviruses. CC chemokines, such as CCL2, CCL5 and CCL20 also participate in the induction of the pathological conditions. Therefore, it appears that CXC chemokines may be considered as the strategic factors involved in the pathogenesis of polyomaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashraf Kariminik
- Department of Microbiology, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran.
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29
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Lin X, Zhan J, Jiang J, Ren Y. Upregulation of Neuronal Cylindromatosis Expression is Essential for Electroacupuncture-Mediated Alleviation of Neuroinflammatory Injury by Regulating Microglial Polarization in Rats Subjected to Focal Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:2061-2078. [PMID: 34045881 PMCID: PMC8149215 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s307841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Activated microglia are polarized into the M1 or M2 phenotype. We previously reported that electroacupuncture (EA) effectively prevented nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) nuclear translocation and improved neuronal C-X-C motif 3 chemokine ligand 1 (CX3CL1) expression, repressing microglial activation by upregulating neuronal cylindromatosis (CYLD) expression in the periischemic cortex. However, the potential mechanisms are unclear. Therefore, we explored whether EA improved CYLD protein expression to regulate microglial polarization-mediated neuroinflammation and the potential mechanisms in an ischemic stroke model. Methods A middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model was established in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. The rats were treated with EA at the Baihui, Hegu and Taichong acupoints once daily beginning 2 h after focal cerebral ischemia. CYLD gene interference was used to investigate the role of CYLD in microglial polarization. We used neurobehavioral evaluations and TTC staining to examine the neuroprotective effect of EA via CYLD upregulation. Immunofluorescence and RT-qPCR were used to measure NLRP3 activation, M1/M2 microglial activation, pro-/anti-inflammatory gene mRNA expression and crosstalk (CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis) between neurons and microglia. Western blotting was used to assess the underlying molecular mechanism. Results CYLD inhibited M1 microglial activation and improved M2 microglial activation after 72 h of reperfusion. CYLD overexpression decreased the NLRP3 mRNA level. CYLD suppressed microglial overactivation by inhibiting NLRP3 activation. CYLD gene silencing partially weakened EA improvement of neurological function deficits and reduction of infarct volumes after 72 h reperfusion. In addition, EA inhibited M1-like phenotypic microglial activation and promoted M2-like phenotypic microglia through upregulating CYLD expression. Finally, EA-mediated modulation of the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis and NLRP3 inflammasome was reversed by CYLD gene silencing in the periischemic cortex. Conclusion EA-induced upregulation of neuronal CYLD expression plays anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective roles and regulates the interaction between neurons and microglia, thereby suppressing M1 and improving M2 microglial activation in the periischemic cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Lin
- Department of Biological Immunotherapy, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing Cancer Institute, Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yikun Ren
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
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Stochmal A, Czuwara J, Zaremba M, Rudnicka L. Metabolic mediators determine the association of antinuclear antibody subtypes with specific clinical symptoms in systemic sclerosis. Adv Med Sci 2021; 66:119-127. [PMID: 33494024 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2020.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the possible link between different types of systemic sclerosis-specific antinuclear antibodies, adipokines and endothelial molecules which were recently found to have a pathogenic significance in systemic sclerosis. MATERIALS/METHODS Serum concentration of adiponectin, resistin, leptin, endothelin-1, fractalkine and galectin-3 were determined in the sera of patients with systemic sclerosis (n = 100) and healthy controls (n = 20) using ELISA. RESULTS The following associations between antinuclear antibodies and increased serum concentrations were identified: anticentromere antibodies with endothelin-1 (p < 0.0001; mean level in patients 2.21 vs control group 1.31 pg/ml), anti-topoisomerase I antibodies with fractalkine (p < 0.0001; 3.68 vs 1.68 ng/ml) and galectin-3 (p = 0.0010, 6.39 vs 3.26 ng/ml). Anti-RNA polymerase III antibodies were associated with increased resistin (p < 0.0001; 15.13 vs 8.54 ng/ml) and decreased adiponectin (p < 0.0001; 2894 vs 8847 ng/ml). CONCLUSION In systemic sclerosis metabolic and vascular factors may serve as mediators between immunological abnormalities and non-immune driven clinical symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Stochmal
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Czuwara
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Zaremba
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lidia Rudnicka
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
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Xue D, Zheng Y, Wen J, Han J, Tuo H, Liu Y, Peng Y. Role of chemokines in hepatocellular carcinoma (Review). Oncol Rep 2021; 45:809-823. [PMID: 33650640 PMCID: PMC7859922 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent malignant tumor worldwide, with an unsatisfactory prognosis, although treatments are improving. One of the main challenges for the treatment of HCC is the prevention or management of recurrence and metastasis of HCC. It has been found that chemokines and their receptors serve a pivotal role in HCC progression. In the present review, the literature on the multifactorial roles of exosomes in HCC from PubMed, Cochrane library and Embase were obtained, with a specific focus on the functions and mechanisms of chemokines in HCC. To date, >50 chemokines have been found, which can be divided into four families: CXC, CX3C, CC and XC, according to the different positions of the conserved N‑terminal cysteine residues. Chemokines are involved in the inflammatory response, tumor immune response, proliferation, invasion and metastasis via modulation of various signaling pathways. Thus, chemokines and their receptors directly or indirectly shape the tumor cell microenvironment, and regulate the biological behavior of the tumor. In addition, the potential application of chemokines in chemotaxis of exosomes as drug vehicles is discussed. Exosomes containing chemokines or expressing receptors for chemokines may improve chemotaxis to HCC and may thus be exploited for targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Xue
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Ya Zheng
- Medical Center Laboratory, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Junye Wen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Jingzhao Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Hongfang Tuo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Yifan Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Yanhui Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
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Liang S, Desai AA, Black SM, Tang H. Cytokines, Chemokines, and Inflammation in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1303:275-303. [PMID: 33788198 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-63046-1_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
According to the World Symposium Pulmonary Hypertension (WSPH) classification, pulmonary hypertension (PH) is classified into five categories based on etiology. Among them, Group 1 pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) disorders are rare but progressive and often, fatal despite multiple approved treatments. Elevated pulmonary arterial pressure in patients with WSPH Group 1 PAH is mainly caused by increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), due primarily to sustained pulmonary vasoconstriction and excessive obliterative pulmonary vascular remodeling. Growing evidence indicates that inflammation plays a critical role in the development of pulmonary vascular remodeling associated with PAH. While the role of auto-immunity is unclear, infiltration of inflammatory cells in and around vascular lesions, including T- and B-cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, and mast cells have been observed in PAH patients. Serum and plasma levels of chemokines, cytokines, and autoantibodies are also increased in PAH patients; some of these circulating molecules are correlated with disease severity and survival. Preclinical experiments have reported a key role of the inflammation in PAH pathophysiology in vivo. Importantly, anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive agents have further exhibited therapeutic effects. The present chapter reviews published experimental and clinical evidence highlighting the canonical role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of PAH and as a major target for the development of anti-inflammatory therapies in patients with PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxin Liang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ankit A Desai
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Stephen M Black
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Haiyang Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Marques P, Barry S, Carlsen E, Collier D, Ronaldson A, Dorward N, Grieve J, Mendoza N, Nair R, Muquit S, Grossman AB, Korbonits M. The role of the tumour microenvironment in the angiogenesis of pituitary tumours. Endocrine 2020; 70:593-606. [PMID: 32946040 PMCID: PMC7674353 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-020-02478-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Angiogenesis has been studied in pituitary neuroendocrine tumours (PitNETs), but the role of the tumour microenvironment (TME) in regulating PitNET angiogenesis remains unknown. We aimed to characterise the role of TME components in determining the angiogenetic PitNET profile, focusing on immune cells and tumour-derived cytokines. METHODS Immune cells were studied by immunohistochemistry in 24 human PitNETs (16 non-functioning-PitNETs (NF-PitNETs) and 8 somatotrophinomas): macrophages (CD68, CD163, HLA-DR), cytotoxic (CD8) and T helper (CD4) lymphocytes, regulatory T cells (FOXP3), B cells (CD20) and neutrophils (neutrophil elastase); endothelial cells were assessed with CD31. Five normal pituitaries (NP) were included for comparison. Microvessel density and vascular morphology were estimated with ImageJ. The cytokine secretome from these PitNETs were assessed on culture supernatants using a multiplex immunoassay panel. RESULTS Microvessel density/area was higher in NP than PitNETs, which also had rounder and more regular vessels. NF-PitNETs had vessels of increased calibre compared to somatotrophinomas. The M2:M1 macrophage ratio correlated with microvessel area. PitNETs with more CD4+ T cells had higher microvessel area, while tumours with more FOXP3+ cells were associated with lower microvessel density. PitNETs with more B cells had rounder vessels. Of the 42 PitNET-derived cytokines studied, CCL2, CXCL10 and CX3CL1 correlated with microvessel density and vessel architecture parameters. CONCLUSIONS M2 macrophages appear to play a role in PitNET neovascularisation, while B, CD4+ and FOXP3+ lymphocytes, as well as non-cellular TME elements such as CCL2, CXCL10 and CX3CL1, may also modulate the angiogenesis of PitNETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Marques
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Sayka Barry
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | | | - David Collier
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Amy Ronaldson
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Neil Dorward
- The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, UCLH, NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Joan Grieve
- The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, UCLH, NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Nigel Mendoza
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charing Cross Hospital, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Ramesh Nair
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charing Cross Hospital, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Samiul Muquit
- Department of Neurosurgery, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, UK
| | - Ashley B Grossman
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Márta Korbonits
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
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Faridvand Y, Haddadi P, Nejabati HR, Ghaffari S, Zamani-Gharehchamani E, Nozari S, Nouri M, Jodati A. Sulforaphane modulates CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis and inflammation in palmitic acid-induced cell injury in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:7971-7977. [PMID: 33034881 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05875-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Studies have shown that sulforaphane (SFN) has potent anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenging effects on obesity and associated disorder such as diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome, and metabolic syndrome. fractalkine (CX3CL1) and its receptor, CX3CR1, play an important role in muscle metabolism by improving insulin-sensitizing effects. Here, in this study we examined the SFN effect on CX3CL1 and its receptor, CX3CR1, in C2C12 myotubes in palmitic acid (PA)-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. The results showed that PA (750 μM) evoked lipotoxicity as a reduction in cell viability, increased IL-6 and TNF-α expression, and enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, SFN pretreatment attenuated the levels of, IL-6 and TNF-α in C2C12 myotubes exposure to PA. Moreover, SFN pretreatment up-regulated nuclear factor erythroid related factor 2 (Nrf2) /heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) pathway protein in C2C12 cells as indicated by a decrease in ROS levels. Interestingly, PA also caused an increase in CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 expression that SFN abrogated it. We also found the protective effect of SFN agonist PA-induced lipotoxicity with promotes in UCP3 gene expression in C2C12 cells. Collectively, these findings suggest that SFN hampers the PA-induced inflammation in C2C12 cells by modulation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis and may propose a new therapeutic approach to protect against obesity-associated disorders in skeletal muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Faridvand
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parinaz Haddadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Nejabati
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samad Ghaffari
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Samira Nozari
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Stem Cells Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Stem Cells Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (SCARM) Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Ahmadreza Jodati
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Wu W, Ren F, Guo M, Yang J, Xiao Y, Liu W. Increased expression of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Histol Histopathol 2020; 35:1189-1196. [PMID: 32975307 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
CX3CL1 and its receptor CX3CR1 axis are involved in the development, progression and metastasis of many types of cancers. It has been reported that CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 expression was upregulated in some solid tumors. However, their roles in thyroid cancer remain unknown. In the present study, we investigated the expression of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 in human papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and their clinical significance. In this study, using immunohistochemistry, we examined the expression of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 in the tissues of 26 human PTC (including 17 classical or conventional (CPTC) and 9 follicular (FVPTC) variants of PTC; 15 cases without and 11 cases with lymph node metastasis) and 10 cases of nodular goiter (NG). Compared to NG, a significant increase in the expression of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 was found in PTC overall, as well as in CPTC and FVPTC separately. Higher CX3CL1 expression was found in CPTC than in FVPTC, but there was no significant difference in CX3CR1 expression between these subtypes of PTC. When analyzing their expressions in PTC without and with lymph node metastasis, an increased expression of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 was observed when compared to NG respectively. There was however no significant difference in CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 expressions in PTC without lymph node metastasis when compared to PTC with lymph node metastasis. Furthermore, when compared to NG, an increased expression of CX3CL1 was correlated with an increased expression of CX3CR1 in PTC. Our data indicate that CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 can be used as tumor markers for PTC and may be potential novel targets for cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- School of Humanities and Management, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.,Institute of Biological Anthropology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.,Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Human Phenome Research (LPKL-HPR), Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Fu Ren
- Institute of Biological Anthropology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.,Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Human Phenome Research (LPKL-HPR), Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.,Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Miao Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Yanjie Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology, Public Health College of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Biological Anthropology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.,Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Human Phenome Research (LPKL-HPR), Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.
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Chen X, Wei Q, Hu Y, Wang C. Role of Fractalkine in promoting inflammation in sepsis-induced multiple organ dysfunction. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2020; 85:104569. [PMID: 32979549 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fractalkine, CX3CL1, is involved in the directional movement of chemokine cells, immune response, inflammatory response, tissue repair, and other processes. However, its role in sepsis is not well known. METHODS We measured circulating Fractalkine in adult patients with sepsis. Effects of Fractalkine on the survival, inflammation, tissue injury, and bacterial clearance were assessed using the WT or CX3CL-/- murine model of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis. RESULTS Serum Fractalkine concentrations were significantly elevated in adult patients with sepsis compared to healthy adults. Increased Fractalkine correlated positively with the number of blood leukocytes and the level of inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, IL-1β, IL-17A, IFN-γ, and TNF-α, and correlated negatively with IL-10 in clinical sepsis. Recombinant Fractalkine impaired survival whereas Fractalkine gene knockout or anti-Fractalkine antibody improved survival in the murine model of CLP-induced sepsis. Fractalkine administration increased inflammatory response, evident by higher levels of cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-17A, IFN-γ, and IL-6 but not IL-10), and tissue damage (lung, liver, and kidney) in CLP-induced sepsis. Fractalkine reduced bacterial clearance in CLP-induced polymicrobial sepsis by reducing macrophage or neutrophil phagocytosis and intracellular elimination of E. coli. CONCLUSIONS Fractalkine aggravates sepsis by increasing inflammation and decreasing bacterial clearance, and is a potential tool for anti-sepsis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing, Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing, Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yida Hu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuanjiang Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Fractalkine/CX3CR1 pathway is neuroprotective in intracerebral hemorrhage through facilitating the expression of TGF-β1. BRAIN HEMORRHAGES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hest.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Comparative Analysis of the Occurrence and Role of CX3CL1 (Fractalkine) and Its Receptor CX3CR1 in Hemophilic Arthropathy and Osteoarthritis. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:2932696. [PMID: 32884948 PMCID: PMC7455839 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2932696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Hemophilic arthropathy is characterized by recurrent bleeding episodes in patients with hemophilia leading to irreversible joint degeneration. The involvement of CX3CL1 (fractalkine) and its receptor CX3CR1 was observed in the pathogenesis of numerous arthritis-associated diseases. Taking this into account, we have presented a study investigating the role of the CX3CL1/CX3XR1 axis in the course of hemophilic arthropathy, including the CX3CL1-dependent expression of CD56+, CD68+, and CD31+ cells along with evaluation of articular cartilage and synovial membrane morphology. Methods The study was carried out using cases (n = 20) of end-stage hemophilic arthropathy with a severe type of hemophilia A and control cases (n = 20) diagnosed with osteoarthritis. The biofluids including blood serum and synovial fluid were obtained intraoperatively for the evaluation of CX3CL1 using the ELISA test. Tissue specimens including articular cartilage and synovial membrane were similarly collected during surgery and stained immunohistologically using selected antibodies including anti-CX3CR1, anti-CD56, anti-CD68, and anti-CD31. Additionally, the analysis included the assessment of articular cartilage, synovial membrane, and blood vessel morphology. Results In our study, we have documented increased average concentration of CX3CL1 in the blood serum of the study group (7.16 ± 0.53 ng/ml) compared to the control group (5.85 ± 0.70 ng/ml) without statistically significant difference in synovial fluid concentration at the same time. We have observed an increased macrophage presence with more marked proliferation and fibrosis of the synovial membrane in the study group. Remaining results such as expression of CX3CR1 presence of NK cells and larger surface area of blood vessels within the synovial membrane were noted also without statistical significance. Conclusions This study has demonstrated collective CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis involvement in hemophilic arthropathy pathogenesis introducing new interesting diagnostics and a therapeutic target.
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Sun C, Hu A, Wang S, Tian B, Jiang L, Liang Y, Wang H, Dong J. ADAM17-regulated CX3CL1 expression produced by bone marrow endothelial cells promotes spinal metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Oncol 2020; 57:249-263. [PMID: 32319605 PMCID: PMC7252465 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2020.5045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal metastasis occurs in 50-75% of bone metastases caused by hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and HCC-derived spinal metastasis can lead to a less favorable prognosis. Recently, several studies have demonstrated that C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CX3CL1) is closely associated with cancer metastasis, and its secretion is modulated by a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17). Bone marrow endothelial cells (BMECs) are an essential component of bone marrow. However, little is known about the roles in and effects of BMECs on HCC spinal metastasis. The present study demonstrated that CX3CL1 and C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) expression was upregulated in HCC spinal metastases, and that CX3CL1 promoted the migration and invasion of HCC cells to the spine. Western blot analysis revealed that the Src/protein tyrosine kinase 2 (PTK2) axis participated in CX3CL1-induced HCC cell invasion and migration. CX3CL1 also increased the expression of M2 macrophage markers in THP-1 monocytes. BMECs promoted the migration and invasion of Hep3B and MHCC97H cells by secreting soluble CX3CL1, whereas the neutralization of CX3CL1 inhibited this enhancement. CX3CL1 enhanced the activation of the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphos-phate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA)/AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT1) and Ras homolog family member A (RHOA)/Rho associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2 (ROCK2) signaling pathways through the Src/PTK2 signaling pathway. Furthermore, ADAM17 was activated by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) z14 in BMECs and significantly promoted the secretion of CX3CL1. HCC cells enhanced the recruitment and proliferation of BMECs. The overexpression of CX3CR1 facilitated the spinal metastasis of HCC in a mouse model in vivo. In addition, in vivo experiments revealed that BMECs promoted the growth of HCC in the spine. The present study demonstrated that CX3CL1 participates in HCC spinal metastasis, and that BMECs play an important role in the regulation of CX3CL1 in the spinal metastatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Annan Hu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Shengxing Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Bo Tian
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Libo Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Yun Liang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Houlei Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Jian Dong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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Luo R, Guo SM, Li YQ, Yang Y, Li ML, Han M, He XF, Ge SW, Xu G. Plasma fractalkine levels are associated with renal inflammation and outcomes in immunoglobulin A nephropathy. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2020; 34:1549-1558. [PMID: 30010903 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfy169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A recognized noninvasive biomarker to improve risk stratification of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) patients is scarce. Fractalkine has been shown to play a key role in glomerular disease as chemoattractant, adhesion and even fibrosis factor. The current study assessed the possibility of plasma fractalkine as a novel biomarker in IgAN patients. METHODS Plasma fractalkine was measured in 229 patients with renal biopsy consistent IgAN from 2012 to 2014, and clinical, pathological and prognostic relationships were analyzed. RESULTS The plasma fractalkine levels in IgAN patients were significantly correlated with the creatinine level and 24-h urine protein by both univariate and multivariate analysis. Mesangial hypercellularity was still significantly correlated with the plasma fractalkine levels even after adjustment for other potential predictor variables by multivariate analysis. In addition, the counts of CD20+ B cells or CD68+ macrophage in renal biopsies of IgAN patients were significantly correlated with the plasma fractalkine levels, but not CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Finally, we concluded that patients with higher plasma fractalkine levels had higher risk of poor renal outcome compared with those with lower plasma fractalkine levels. No association was observed between the CX3CR1 polymorphisms and clinical parameters including plasma fractalkine levels and prognosis. Recombinant fractalkine induced mesangial cells extracellular matrix synthesis and promoted the migration of microphage cells RAW264.7. CONCLUSIONS Plasma fractalkine levels were associated with creatinine level, 24-h urine protein, mesangial hypercellularity pathological damage, the CD68+ macrophage and CD20+ B cell infiltration in renal tissue and renal outcome in IgAN patients. Plasma fractalkine might be a potential prognosis novel predictor in Chinese patients with IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Luo
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shui-Ming Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yue-Qiang Li
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Meng-Lan Li
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Min Han
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao-Feng He
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shu-Wang Ge
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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da Silva AB, Cerqueira Coelho PL, das Neves Oliveira M, Oliveira JL, Oliveira Amparo JA, da Silva KC, Soares JRP, Pitanga BPS, Dos Santos Souza C, de Faria Lopes GP, da Silva VDA, de Fátima Dias Costa M, Junier MP, Chneiweiss H, Moura-Neto V, Costa SL. The flavonoid rutin and its aglycone quercetin modulate the microglia inflammatory profile improving antiglioma activity. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 85:170-185. [PMID: 31059805 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia cells are the immune effector in the Central Nervous System (CNS). However, studies have showed that they contribute more to glioma progression than to its elimination. Rutin and its aglycone quercetin are flavonoids present in many fruits as well as plants and have been demonstrated to bear anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antitumor properties also to human glioblastoma cell lines. Previous studies also demonstrated that rutin, isolated from the Brazilian plant Dimorphandra mollis Bent., presents immunomodulatory effect on astrocytes and microglia. In this study, we investigate the antitumor and immunomodulatory properties of rutin and its aglycone quercetin on the viability of glioma cells alone and under direct and indirect interaction with microglia. Flavonoid treatment of rat C6 glioma cells induced inhibition of proliferation and migration, and also induced microglia chemotaxis that was associated to the up regulation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and the down regulation of Interleukin 10 (IL-10) at protein and mRNA expression levels, regulation of mRNA expression for chemokines CCL2, CCL5 and CX3CL1, and Heparin Binding Growth Factor (HDGF), Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and Glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) growth factors. Treatment of human U251 and TG1 glioblastoma cells with both flavonoids also modulated negatively the expression of mRNA for IL-6 and IL-10 and positively the expression of mRNA for TNF characterizing changes to the immune regulatory profile. Treatment of microglia and C6 cells either in co-cultures or during indirect interaction, via conditioned media from glioma cells treated with flavonoids or via conditioned media from microglia treated with flavonoids reduced proliferation and migration of glioma cells. It also directed microglia towards an inflammatory profile with increased expression of mRNA for IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18 and decreased expression of mRNA for nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), arginase and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), as well as Insulin-like growth factor (IGF). Treatment of U251 cells with flavonoids also reduced tumorigenesis when the cells were xenotransplanted in rat brains, and directed microglia and also astrocytes in the microenvironment of tumor cell implantation as well as in the brain parenchyma to a not favorable molecular inflammatory profile to the glioma growth, as observed in cultures. Together these results demonstrate that the flavonoid rutin and its aglycone quercetin present antiglioma effects related to the property of modulating the microglial inflammatory profile and may be considered for molecular and preclinical studies as adjuvant molecules for treatment of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Bispo da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, 40110-100 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Paulo Lucas Cerqueira Coelho
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, 40110-100 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Mona das Neves Oliveira
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, 40110-100 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Joana Luz Oliveira
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, 40110-100 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Jéssika Alves Oliveira Amparo
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, 40110-100 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Karina Costa da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, 40110-100 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Janaina Ribeiro Pereira Soares
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, 40110-100 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Bruno Penas Seara Pitanga
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, 40110-100 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Cleide Dos Santos Souza
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, 40110-100 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Giselle Pinto de Faria Lopes
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, 40110-100 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Department of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Studies of the Sea Studies Institute Admiral Paulo Moreira (IEAPM), 28930-000 Arraial do Cabo, Rio de Janeiro and Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Victor Diogenes Amaral da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, 40110-100 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Maria de Fátima Dias Costa
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, 40110-100 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; INCT/CNPq-Neurociência Translacional (INNT), ICB/UFRJ, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, CEP 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marie Pierre Junier
- INSERM, UMR-S 1130, Neuroscience Paris Seine-IBPS, Campus Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Hervé Chneiweiss
- INSERM, UMR-S 1130, Neuroscience Paris Seine-IBPS, Campus Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Vivaldo Moura-Neto
- State Institute of the Brain Paulo Niemeyer, 20230-024 Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; INCT/CNPq-Neurociência Translacional (INNT), ICB/UFRJ, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, CEP 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Silvia Lima Costa
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, 40110-100 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; INCT/CNPq-Neurociência Translacional (INNT), ICB/UFRJ, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, CEP 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Freeman ML, Panigrahi S, Chen B, Juchnowski S, Sieg SF, Lederman MM, Funderburg NT, Zidar DA. CD8+ T-Cell-Derived Tumor Necrosis Factor Can Induce Tissue Factor Expression on Monocytes. J Infect Dis 2020; 220:73-77. [PMID: 30698729 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiz051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating CD8+ T cells and monocytes are activated during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and colocalize in the aortas of simian immunodeficiency virus-infected nonhuman primates. We hypothesized that CD8+ T cells could exert a proatherosclerotic effect via paracrine actions on monocytes. We found that T-cell receptor-stimulated CD8+ T cells induce monocytes to express tissue factor, a potent activator of coagulation. Tumor necrosis factor was both necessary and sufficient for this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L Freeman
- Center for AIDS Research, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland.,Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland
| | - Soumya Panigrahi
- Center for AIDS Research, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland.,Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland
| | - Bonnie Chen
- Center for AIDS Research, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland.,Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland
| | - Steven Juchnowski
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland
| | - Scott F Sieg
- Center for AIDS Research, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland.,Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland
| | - Michael M Lederman
- Center for AIDS Research, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland.,Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland
| | - Nicholas T Funderburg
- Division of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - David A Zidar
- Center for AIDS Research, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland.,Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland.,Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland
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43
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Chemokines and their receptors promoting the recruitment of myeloid-derived suppressor cells into the tumor. Mol Immunol 2019; 117:201-215. [PMID: 31835202 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) expand in tumor-bearing host. They suppress anti-tumor immune response and promote tumor growth. Chemokines play a vital role in recruiting MDSCs into tumor tissue. They can also induce the generation of MDSCs in the bone marrow, maintain their suppressive activity, and promote their proliferation and differentiation. Here, we review CCL2/CCL12-CCR2, CCL3/4/5-CCR5, CCL15-CCR1, CX3CL1/CCL26-CX3CR1, CXCL5/2/1-CXCR2, CXCL8-CXCR1/2, CCL21-CCR7, CXCL13-CXCR5 signaling pathways, their role in MDSCs recruitment to tumor tissue, and their correlation with tumor development, metastasis and prognosis. Targeting chemokines and their receptors may serve as a promising strategy in immunotherapy, especially combined with other strategies such as chemotherapy, cyclin-dependent kinase or immune checkpoints inhibitors.
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Parvez F, Akhtar E, Khan L, Haq MA, Islam T, Ahmed D, Eunus HEMM, Hasan AKMR, Ahsan H, Graziano JH, Raqib R. Exposure to low-dose arsenic in early life alters innate immune function in children. J Immunotoxicol 2019; 16:201-209. [PMID: 31703545 PMCID: PMC7041495 DOI: 10.1080/1547691x.2019.1657993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Early-life exposure to arsenic (As) increases risks of respiratory diseases/infections in children. However, data on the ability of the innate immune system to combat bacterial infections in the respiratory tracts of As-exposed children are scarce. To evaluate whether persistent low-dose As exposure alters innate immune function among children younger than 5 years-of-age, mothers and participating children (N = 51) that were members of the Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal Study (HEALS) cohort in rural Bangladesh were recruited. Household water As, past and concurrent maternal urinary As (U-As) as well as child U-As were all measured at enrollment. In addition, U-As metabolites were evaluated. Innate immune function was examined via measures of cathelicidin LL-37 in plasma, ex vivo monocyte-derived-macrophage (MDM)-mediated killing of Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn), and serum bactericidal antibody (SBA) responses against Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib). Cyto-/chemokines produced by isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were assayed using a Multiplex system. Multivariable linear regression analyses revealed that maternal (p < 0.01) and child (p = 0.02) U-As were positively associated with plasma LL-37 levels. Decreased MDM-mediated Spn killing (p = 0.05) and SBA responses (p = 0.02) were seen to be each associated with fractions of mono-methylarsonic acid (MMA; a U-As metabolite) in the children. In addition, U-As levels were seen to be negatively associated with PBMC formation of fractalkine and IL-7, and positively associated with that for IL-13, IL-17 and MIP-1α. These findings suggested that early-life As exposure may disrupt the innate host defense pathway in these children. It is possible that such disruptions may have health consequences later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faruque Parvez
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Evana Akhtar
- Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh
| | - Lamia Khan
- Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Ahsanul Haq
- Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh
| | - Tariqul Islam
- Columbia University and University of Chicago Research office in Bangladesh, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh
| | - Dilruba Ahmed
- Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, icddr,b, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh
| | - HEM Mahbubul Eunus
- Columbia University and University of Chicago Research office in Bangladesh, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh
| | - AKM Rabiul Hasan
- Columbia University and University of Chicago Research office in Bangladesh, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh
| | - Habibul Ahsan
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL
| | - Joseph H. Graziano
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Rubhana Raqib
- Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh
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Role of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 Signaling Axis Activity in Osteoporosis. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:7570452. [PMID: 31780870 PMCID: PMC6875359 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7570452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a civilization disease which is still challenging for contemporary medicine in terms of treatment and prophylaxis. It results from excessive activation of the osteoclastic cell line and immune cells like macrophages and lymphocytes. Cell-to-cell inflammatory information transfer occurs via factors including cytokines which form a complex network of cell humoral correlation, called cytokine network. Recently conducted studies revealed the participation of CX3CL1 chemokine in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. CX3CL1 and its receptor CX3CR1 present unique properties among over 50 described chemokines. Apart from its chemotactic activity, CX3CL1 is the only chemokine which may function as an adhesion molecule which facilitates easier penetration of immune system cells through the vascular endothelium to the area of inflammation. The present study, based on world literature review, sums and describes convincing evidences of a significant role of the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis in processes leading to bone mineral density (BMD) reduction. The CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis plays a principal role in osteoclast maturation and binding them with immune cells to the surface of the bone tissue. It promotes the development of inflammation and production of many inflammatory cytokines near the bone surface (i.e., TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6). High concentrations of CX3CL1 in serum are directly proportional to increased concentrations of bone turnover and inflammatory factors in human blood serum (TRACP-5b, NTx, IL-1β, and IL-6). Regarding the fact that acting against the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis is a potential target of immune treatment in osteoporosis, the number of available papers tackling the topic is certainly insufficient. Therefore, it seems justified to continue research which would precisely determine its role in the metabolism of the bone tissue as one of the most promising targets in osteoporosis therapy.
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Mamazhakypov A, Viswanathan G, Lawrie A, Schermuly RT, Rajagopal S. The role of chemokines and chemokine receptors in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 178:72-89. [PMID: 31399998 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by progressive pulmonary artery remodelling leading to increased right ventricular pressure overload, which results in right heart failure and premature death. Inflammation plays a central role in the development of PAH, and the recruitment and function of immune cells are tightly regulated by chemotactic cytokines called chemokines. A number of studies have shown that the development and progression of PAH are associated with the dysregulated expression of several chemokines and chemokine receptors in the pulmonary vasculature. Moreover, some chemokines are differentially regulated in the pressure-overloaded right ventricle. Recent studies have tested the efficacy of pharmacological agents targeting several chemokines and chemokine receptors for their effects on the development of PAH, suggesting that these receptors could serve as useful therapeutic targets. In this review, we provide recent insights into the role of chemokines and chemokine receptors in PAH and RV remodelling and the opportunities and roadblocks in targeting them. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on Risk factors, comorbidities, and comedications in cardioprotection. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v178.1/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argen Mamazhakypov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Gayathri Viswanathan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Allan Lawrie
- Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Ralph Theo Schermuly
- Department of Internal Medicine, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sudarshan Rajagopal
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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CX3CL1-CX3CR1 Axis: A New Player in Coeliac Disease Pathogenesis. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11112551. [PMID: 31652730 PMCID: PMC6893425 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The CX3CL1–CX3CR1 axis has been related to numerous diseases. The aim of our study was to investigate its involvement in coeliac disease (CD) pathogenesis, particularly in the early phase of the disease. Methods: We collected peripheral blood from CD patients and controls, enrolled in a 3-day gluten challenge, to study soluble CX3CL1, I-TAC and MIG by Luminex, CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 gene expression by qPCR, and CX3CR1 protein expression in monocytes and CD8+, CD4+ and γδ+ T cells, by flow cytometry. We also analysed the expression of the CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 mRNA and protein in the duodenal biopsies of CD patients with active and treated disease, and in non-CD control individuals, by qPCR and immunohistochemistry. Results: After the gluten challenge, increased levels of CX3CL1, I-TAC and MIG proteins were observed in the peripheral blood of CD patients, with no changes in CX3CL1 mRNA, or CX3CR1 mRNA and protein. Regarding duodenal tissue, CX3CL1 was absent or barely present in the superficial and basal epithelium of CD patients, contrasting with the moderate to high levels present in controls. Conclusions: CX3CL1 seems to be involved in the appearance and progression of CD, and it appears to be a potential diagnostic biomarker. Its use as an alternative therapeutic target in CD deserves further research.
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Fan Q, Gayen M, Singh N, Gao F, He W, Hu X, Tsai LH, Yan R. The intracellular domain of CX3CL1 regulates adult neurogenesis and Alzheimer's amyloid pathology. J Exp Med 2019; 216:1891-1903. [PMID: 31209068 PMCID: PMC6683996 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20182238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The membrane-anchored CX3CL1 is best known to exert its signaling function through binding its receptor CX3CR1. This study demonstrates a novel function that CX3CL1 exerts. CX3CL1 is sequentially cleaved by α-, β-, and γ-secretase, and the released CX3CL1 intracellular domain (CX3CL1-ICD) would translocate into the cell nucleus to alter gene expression due to this back-signaling function. Amyloid deposition and neuronal loss were significantly reduced when membrane-anchored CX3CL1 C-terminal fragment (CX3CL1-ct) was overexpressed in Alzheimer's 5xFAD mouse model. The reversal of neuronal loss in 5xFAD can be attributed to increased neurogenesis by CX3CL1-ICD, as revealed by morphological and unbiased RNA-sequencing analyses. Mechanistically, this CX3CL1 back-signal likely enhances developmental and adult neurogenesis through the TGFβ2/3-Smad2/3 pathway and other genes important for neurogenesis. Induction of CX3CL1 back-signaling may not only be a promising novel mechanism to replenish neuronal loss but also for reducing amyloid deposition for Alzheimer's treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Fan
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
| | - Manoshi Gayen
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT
| | - Neeraj Singh
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT
| | - Fan Gao
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Wanxia He
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT
| | - Xiangyou Hu
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT
| | - Li-Huei Tsai
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Riqiang Yan
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT
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Gastaldi G, Gomes D, Schneiter P, Montet X, Tappy L, Clément S, Negro F. Treatment with direct-acting antivirals improves peripheral insulin sensitivity in non-diabetic, lean chronic hepatitis C patients. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217751. [PMID: 31170218 PMCID: PMC6553748 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with insulin resistance, which may lead to type 2 diabetes and its complications. Although HCV infects mainly hepatocytes, it may impair insulin sensitivity at the level of uninfected extrahepatic tissues (muscles and adipose tissue). The aim of this study was to assess whether an interferon-free, antiviral therapy may improve HCV-associated hepatic vs. peripheral insulin sensitivity. METHODS In a single-arm exploratory trial, 17 non-diabetic, lean chronic hepatitis C patients without significant fibrosis were enrolled, and 12 completed the study. Patients were treated with a combination of sofosbuvir/ledipasvir and ribavirin for 12 weeks, and were submitted to a 2-step euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp with tracers, together with indirect calorimetry measurement, to measure insulin sensitivity before and after 6 weeks of antivirals. A panel of 27 metabolically active cytokines was analyzed at baseline and after therapy-induced viral suppression. RESULTS Clamp analysis performed in 12 patients who achieved complete viral suppression after 6 weeks of therapy showed a significant improvement of the peripheral insulin sensitivity (13.1% [4.6-36.7], p = 0.003), whereas no difference was observed neither in the endogenous glucose production, in lipolysis suppression nor in substrate oxidation. A distinct subset of hepatokines, potentially involved in liver-to-periphery crosstalk, was modified by the antiviral therapy. CONCLUSION Pharmacological inhibition of HCV improves peripheral (but not hepatic) insulin sensitivity in non-diabetic, lean individuals with chronic hepatitis C without significant fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Gastaldi
- Division of Endocrinology, diabetology, hypertension and nutrition, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Diana Gomes
- Department of Pathology and immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Schneiter
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Xavier Montet
- Division of Radiology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Luc Tappy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Clément
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Negro
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of Gastroenterology and hepatology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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Borné Y, Fagerberg B, Sallsten G, Hedblad B, Persson M, Melander O, Nilsson J, Orho-Melander M, Barregard L, Engström G. Biomarkers of blood cadmium and incidence of cardiovascular events in non-smokers: results from a population-based proteomics study. Clin Proteomics 2019; 16:21. [PMID: 31114450 PMCID: PMC6518646 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-019-9231-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium is a toxic metal with multiple adverse health effects, including risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The mechanistic link between cadmium and CVD is unclear. Our aim was to examine the associations between blood cadmium (B-Cd) and 88 potential protein biomarkers of CVD. METHODS B-Cd and 88 plasma proteins were measured in a community-based prospective cohort, the Malmö Diet and Cancer study. The primary analysis was performed in never smokers (n = 1725). Multiple linear regression was used with adjustments for age and sex, and correction for multiple comparisons using the false discovery rate method. Proteins significantly associated with B-Cd were replicated in long-term former smokers (n = 782). Significant proteins were then studied in relation to incidence of CVD (i.e., coronary events or ischemic stroke) in never smokers. RESULTS Fifteen proteins were associated with B-Cd in never smokers. Eight of them were replicated in long-term former smokers. Kidney injury molecule-1, fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23), tumor necrosis factor receptor-2, matrix metalloproteinase-12, cathepsin L1, urokinase plasminogen activator receptor, C-C motif chemokine-3 (CCL3), and chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand-1 were associated with B-Cd both in never smokers and long-term former smokers. Except for CCL3 and FGF23, these proteins were also significantly associated with incidence of CVD. CONCLUSIONS B-Cd in non-smokers was associated with eight potential plasma biomarkers of CVD and kidney injury. The results suggest pathways for the associations between B-Cd and CVD and kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Borné
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, CRC, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Björn Fagerberg
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gerd Sallsten
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bo Hedblad
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, CRC, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Margaretha Persson
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, CRC, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, CRC, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jan Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, CRC, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Marju Orho-Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, CRC, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Lars Barregard
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Engström
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, CRC, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden
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