1
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Turkel I, Tahtalioglu S, Celik E, Yazgan B, Kubat GB, Ozerklig B, Kosar SN. Time-course and muscle-specific gene expression of matrix metalloproteinases and inflammatory cytokines in response to acute treadmill exercise in rats. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:667. [PMID: 38780696 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09637-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The extracellular matrix (ECM) of skeletal muscle plays a pivotal role in tissue repair and growth, and its remodeling tightly regulated by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), and inflammatory cytokines. This study aimed to investigate changes in the mRNA expression of MMPs (Mmp-2 and Mmp-14), TIMPs (Timp-1 and Timp-2), and inflammatory cytokines (Il-1β, Tnf-α, and Tgfβ1) in the soleus (SOL) and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles of rats following acute treadmill exercise. Additionally, muscle morphology was examined using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. METHODS AND RESULTS Male rats were subjected to acute treadmill exercise at 25 m/min for 60 min with a %0 slope. The mRNA expression of ECM components and muscle morphology in the SOL and EDL were assessed in both sedentary and exercise groups at various time points (immediately (0) and 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h post-exercise). Our results revealed a muscle-specific response, with early upregulation of the mRNA expression of Mmp-2, Mmp-14, Timp-1, Timp-2, Il-1β, and Tnf-α observed in the SOL compared to the EDL. A decrease in Tgfβ1 mRNA expression was evident in the SOL at all post-exercise time points. Conversely, Tgfβ1 mRNA expression increased at 0 and 3 h post-exercise in the EDL. Histological analysis also revealed earlier cell infiltration in the SOL than in the EDL following acute exercise. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight how acute exercise modulates ECM components and muscle structure differently in the SOL and EDL muscles, leading to distinct muscle-specific responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Turkel
- Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Sema Tahtalioglu
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Sciences, Amasya University, Amasya, Turkey
| | - Ertugrul Celik
- Department of Pathology, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burak Yazgan
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Sabuncuoğlu Serefeddin Health Services Vocational School, Amasya University, Amasya, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Burcin Kubat
- Department of Mitochondria and Cellular Research, Gulhane Health Sciences Institute, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Berkay Ozerklig
- Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sukran Nazan Kosar
- Division of Exercise Nutrition and Metabolism, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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2
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Dobson NL, Levitt DE, Luk HY, Vellers HL. Adverse Skeletal Muscle Adaptations in Individuals Born Preterm-A Comprehensive Review. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:4551-4564. [PMID: 38785544 PMCID: PMC11120075 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46050276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Infants born preterm face an increased risk of deleterious effects on lung and brain health that can significantly alter long-term function and quality of life and even lead to death. Moreover, preterm birth is also associated with a heightened risk of diabetes and obesity later in life, leading to an increased risk of all-cause mortality in young adults born prematurely. While these preterm-birth-related conditions have been well characterized, less is known about the long-term effects of preterm birth on skeletal muscle health and, specifically, an individual's skeletal muscle hypertrophic potential later in life. In this review, we discuss how a confluence of potentially interrelated and self-perpetuating elements associated with preterm birth might converge on anabolic and catabolic pathways to ultimately blunt skeletal muscle hypertrophy, identifying critical areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danielle E. Levitt
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Hui Ying Luk
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Heather L. Vellers
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
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3
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Koutakis P, Hernandez H, Miserlis D, Thompson JR, Papoutsi E, Mietus CJ, Haynatzki G, Kim JK, Casale GP, Pipinos II. Oxidative damage in the gastrocnemius predicts long-term survival in patients with peripheral artery disease. NPJ AGING 2024; 10:21. [PMID: 38580664 PMCID: PMC10997596 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-024-00147-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) have increased mortality rates and a myopathy in their affected legs which is characterized by increased oxidative damage, reduced antioxidant enzymatic activity and defective mitochondrial bioenergetics. This study evaluated the hypothesis that increased levels of oxidative damage in gastrocnemius biopsies from patients with PAD predict long-term mortality rates. Oxidative damage was quantified as carbonyl adducts in myofibers of the gastrocnemius of PAD patients. The oxidative stress data were grouped into tertiles and the 5-year, all-cause mortality for each tertile was determined by Kaplan-Meier curves and compared by the Modified Peto test. A Cox-regression model was used to control the effects of clinical characteristics. Results were adjusted for age, sex, race, body mass index, ankle-brachial index, smoking, physical activity, and comorbidities. Of the 240 study participants, 99 died during a mean follow up of 37.8 months. Patients in the highest tertile of oxidative damage demonstrated the highest 5-year mortality rate. The mortality hazard ratios (HR) from the Cox analysis were statistically significant for oxidative damage (lowest vs middle tertile; HR = 6.33; p = 0.0001 and lowest vs highest; HR = 8.37; p < 0.0001). Survival analysis of a contemporaneous population of PAD patients identifies abundance of carbonyl adducts in myofibers of their gastrocnemius as a predictor of mortality rate independently of ankle-brachial index, disease stage and other clinical and myopathy-related covariates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Koutakis
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA.
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Hernan Hernandez
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Dimitrios Miserlis
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jonathan R Thompson
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Evlampia Papoutsi
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Constance J Mietus
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Gleb Haynatzki
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Julian K Kim
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - George P Casale
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Iraklis I Pipinos
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
- Department of Surgery and VA Research Service, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA.
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4
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Giuriato G, Romanelli MG, Bartolini D, Vernillo G, Pedrinolla A, Moro T, Franchi M, Locatelli E, Andani ME, Laginestra FG, Barbi C, Aloisi GF, Cavedon V, Milanese C, Orlandi E, De Simone T, Fochi S, Patuzzo C, Malerba G, Fabene P, Donadelli M, Stabile AM, Pistilli A, Rende M, Galli F, Schena F, Venturelli M. Sex differences in neuromuscular and biological determinants of isometric maximal force. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14118. [PMID: 38385696 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
AIM Force expression is characterized by an interplay of biological and molecular determinants that are expected to differentiate males and females in terms of maximal performance. These include muscle characteristics (muscle size, fiber type, contractility), neuromuscular regulation (central and peripheral factors of force expression), and individual genetic factors (miRNAs and gene/protein expression). This research aims to comprehensively assess these physiological variables and their role as determinants of maximal force difference between sexes. METHODS Experimental evaluations include neuromuscular components of isometric contraction, intrinsic muscle characteristics (proteins and fiber type), and some biomarkers associated with muscle function (circulating miRNAs and gut microbiome) in 12 young and healthy males and 12 females. RESULTS Male strength superiority appears to stem primarily from muscle size while muscle fiber-type distribution plays a crucial role in contractile properties. Moderate-to-strong pooled correlations between these muscle parameters were established with specific circulating miRNAs, as well as muscle and plasma proteins. CONCLUSION Muscle size is crucial in explaining the differences in maximal voluntary isometric force generation between males and females with similar fiber type distribution. Potential physiological mechanisms are seen from associations between maximal force, skeletal muscle contractile properties, and biological markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Giuriato
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences Related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Romanelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Desirée Bartolini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Gianluca Vernillo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Alberta - Augustana Campus, Camrose, Alberta, Canada
| | - Anna Pedrinolla
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Tatiana Moro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Martino Franchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Elena Locatelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Mehran Emadi Andani
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Fabio Giuseppe Laginestra
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Utah, Utah, USA
| | - Chiara Barbi
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gloria Fiorini Aloisi
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Valentina Cavedon
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Chiara Milanese
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elisa Orlandi
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Tonia De Simone
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefania Fochi
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Cristina Patuzzo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Malerba
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Paolo Fabene
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Massimo Donadelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Stabile
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Human Anatomy, Clinical and Forensic, School of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pistilli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Human Anatomy, Clinical and Forensic, School of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Mario Rende
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Human Anatomy, Clinical and Forensic, School of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesco Galli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Federico Schena
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Massimo Venturelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Utah, USA
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5
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Beiter T, Zügel M, Hudemann J, Schild M, Fragasso A, Burgstahler C, Krüger K, Mooren FC, Steinacker JM, Nieß AM. The Acute, Short-, and Long-Term Effects of Endurance Exercise on Skeletal Muscle Transcriptome Profiles. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2881. [PMID: 38474128 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
A better understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that are involved in skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise is fundamentally important to take full advantage of the enormous benefits that exercise training offers in disease prevention and therapy. The aim of this study was to elucidate the transcriptional signatures that distinguish the endurance-trained and untrained muscles in young adult males (24 ± 3.5 years). We characterized baseline differences as well as acute exercise-induced transcriptome responses in vastus lateralis biopsy specimens of endurance-trained athletes (ET; n = 8; VO2max, 67.2 ± 8.9 mL/min/kg) and sedentary healthy volunteers (SED; n = 8; VO2max, 40.3 ± 7.6 mL/min/kg) using microarray technology. A second cohort of SED volunteers (SED-T; n = 10) followed an 8-week endurance training program to assess expression changes of selected marker genes in the course of skeletal muscle adaptation. We deciphered differential baseline signatures that reflected major differences in the oxidative and metabolic capacity of the endurance-trained and untrained muscles. SED-T individuals in the training group displayed an up-regulation of nodal regulators of oxidative adaptation after 3 weeks of training and a significant shift toward the ET signature after 8 weeks. Transcriptome changes provoked by 1 h of intense cycling exercise only poorly overlapped with the genes that constituted the differential baseline signature of ETs and SEDs. Overall, acute exercise-induced transcriptional responses were connected to pathways of contractile, oxidative, and inflammatory stress and revealed a complex and highly regulated framework of interwoven signaling cascades to cope with exercise-provoked homeostatic challenges. While temporal transcriptional programs that were activated in SEDs and ETs were quite similar, the quantitative divergence in the acute response transcriptomes implicated divergent kinetics of gene induction and repression following an acute bout of exercise. Together, our results provide an extensive examination of the transcriptional framework that underlies skeletal muscle plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Beiter
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Clinic, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martina Zügel
- Department of Sport and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Jens Hudemann
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Clinic, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marius Schild
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, University of Gießen, 35394 Gießen, Germany
| | - Annunziata Fragasso
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Clinic, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christof Burgstahler
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Clinic, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karsten Krüger
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, University of Gießen, 35394 Gießen, Germany
| | - Frank C Mooren
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Witten/Herdecke, 58455 Witten, Germany
| | - Jürgen M Steinacker
- Department of Sport and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Andreas M Nieß
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Clinic, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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6
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Kato N, Kimoto A, Zhang P, Bumrungkit C, Karunaratne S, Yanaka N, Kumrungsee T. Relationship of Low Vitamin B6 Status with Sarcopenia, Frailty, and Mortality: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:177. [PMID: 38202006 PMCID: PMC10780671 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Marginal vitamin B6 (B6) deficiency is a widespread global concern. Inadequate B6 levels have been linked to an increased risk of age-related chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and cancers. In recent years, the growing concern over sarcopenia (the age-related loss of muscle mass and strength) and frailty (a decline in physiological resilience and increased vulnerability associated with aging) is particularly relevant due to the emergence of super-aged societies in developed countries. Notably, among the thirty-one studies included in this review, twenty-five showed a significant association of B6 status with sarcopenia, frailty, and all-cause mortality in adults (p < 0.05), while six showed no association. Emerging studies have suggested novel mechanisms underlying this association. These mechanisms involve P2X7 receptor-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome signaling, AMPK signaling, PD-L1 signaling, and satellite cell-mediated myogenesis. Furthermore, the modulation of PLP-dependent enzymes due to B6 deficiency is associated with impaired metabolic processes, affecting energy utilization, imidazole peptide production, and hydrogen sulfide production, as well as the kynurenine pathway, all of which play vital roles in skeletal muscle health and pathophysiology. This narrative review provides an up-to-date assessment of our current understanding of the potential role of nutritional B6 status in combating sarcopenia, frailty, and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihisa Kato
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan; (C.B.); (S.K.); (N.Y.)
| | - Akiko Kimoto
- Faculty of Health of Sciences, Hiroshima Shudo University, Hiroshima 731-3166, Japan;
| | - Peipei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China;
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Chanikan Bumrungkit
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan; (C.B.); (S.K.); (N.Y.)
| | - Sajith Karunaratne
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan; (C.B.); (S.K.); (N.Y.)
| | - Noriyuki Yanaka
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan; (C.B.); (S.K.); (N.Y.)
| | - Thanutchaporn Kumrungsee
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan; (C.B.); (S.K.); (N.Y.)
- Graduate School of Innovation and Practice for Smart Society, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
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7
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Abd-Eltawab Tammam A, Rizg WY, Fakhry Boushra A, Alhelf M, Alissa M, Soliman GF, Nady Ouais G, Hosny KM, Alkhalidi HM, Elebiary AM. Telmisartan versus metformin in downregulating myostatin gene expression and enhancing insulin sensitivity in the skeletal muscles of type 2 diabetic rat model. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1228525. [PMID: 37576807 PMCID: PMC10416801 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1228525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Telmisartan is an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) that specifically blocks angiotensin II type-1 receptors (AT1R). Telmisartan has been proven to have antidiabetic effects via a variety of mechanisms, and it can be utilized in some diabetic patients due to its dual benefit for hypertensive patients with type 2 DM (T2DM) and when the other oral antidiabetic medications are intolerable or contraindicated. However, its precise underlying hypoglycemic mechanism is still obscure. Aim of work: We sought to establish a link between telmisartan administration and myostatin expression in skeletal muscles of T2DM rat model as a potential hypoglycemic mechanism of telmisartan. Materials and Methods: 32 male albino rats were included in the study; 8 rats served as controls (group I). T2DM was inducted in the other 24 rats, which were then randomly subdivided into 3 groups (8 in each): (group II) the Diabetic group and (groups III and IV) which were treated with either telmisartan (8 mg/kg/day) or metformin (250 mg/kg/day) respectively via oral gavage for a 4-week period. Results: Telmisartan administration resulted in a significant improvement in OGTT, HOMA-IR, glucose uptake, and muscle mass/body ratios in Telmisartan group as compared to Diabetic group (p < 0.05). Additionally, telmisartan induced a significant boost in adiponectin and IL-10 serum levels with a substantial drop in TNF-α and IL-6 levels in Telmisartan group compared to diabetic rats (p < 0.05). Moreover, telmisartan significantly boosted SOD and GSH, and decreased MDA levels in the skeletal muscles of telmisartan group. Furthermore, a significant downregulation of myostatin and upregulation of insulin receptor, IRS-1, and IRS-3 genes in the skeletal muscles of Telmisartan group were also detected. Histologically, telmisartan attenuated the morphological damage in the skeletal muscle fibers compared to diabetic rats, as evidenced by a considerable decrease in the collagen deposition area percentage and a reduction in NF-kB expression in the muscle tissues of group III. Conclusion: Telmisartan administration dramatically reduced myostatin and NF-kB expressions in skeletal muscles, which improved insulin resistance and glucose uptake in these muscles, highlighting a novel antidiabetic mechanism of telmisartan in treating T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Waleed Y. Rizg
- Center of Innovation in Personalized Medicine (CIPM), 3D Bioprinting Unit, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amy Fakhry Boushra
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Maha Alhelf
- Biotechnology School, Nile University, Giza, Egypt
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Alissa
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghada F. Soliman
- Medical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Medical Pharmacology Department, Armed Forces College of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada Nady Ouais
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, New Giza University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Khaled M. Hosny
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hala M. Alkhalidi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Magdy Elebiary
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
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8
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Tao W, Ouyang Z, Liao Z, Li L, Zhang Y, Gao J, Ma L, Yu S. Ursolic Acid Alleviates Cancer Cachexia and Prevents Muscle Wasting via Activating SIRT1. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082378. [PMID: 37190306 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle wasting is the most remarkable phenotypic feature of cancer cachexia that increases the risk of morbidity and mortality. However, there are currently no effective drugs against cancer cachexia. Ursolic acid (UA) is a lipophilic pentacyclic triterpene that has been reported to alleviate muscle atrophy and reduce muscle decomposition in some disease models. This study aimed to explore the role and mechanisms of UA treatment in cancer cachexia. We found that UA attenuated Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC)-conditioned medium-induced C2C12 myotube atrophy and muscle wasting of LLC tumor-bearing mice. Moreover, UA dose-dependently activated SIRT1 and downregulated MuRF1 and Atrogin-1. Molecular docking results revealed a good binding effect on UA and SIRT1 protein. UA rescued vital features wasting without impacting tumor growth, suppressed the elevated spleen weight, and downregulated serum concentrations of inflammatory cytokines in vivo. The above phenomena can be attenuated by Ex-527, an inhibitor of SIRT1. Furthermore, UA remained protective against cancer cachexia in the advanced stage of tumor growth. The results revealed that UA exerts an anti-cachexia effect via activating SIRT1, thereby downregulating the phosphorylation levels of NF-κB and STAT3. UA might be a potential drug against cancer cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Tao
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ze Ouyang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhiqi Liao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jiali Gao
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Shiying Yu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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9
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Meyer GA, Thomopoulos S, Abu-Amer Y, Shen KC. Tenotomy-induced muscle atrophy is sex-specific and independent of NFκB. eLife 2022; 11:e82016. [PMID: 36508247 PMCID: PMC9873255 DOI: 10.7554/elife.82016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) pathway is a major thoroughfare for skeletal muscle atrophy and is driven by diverse stimuli. Targeted inhibition of NFκB through its canonical mediator IKKβ effectively mitigates loss of muscle mass across many conditions, from denervation to unloading to cancer. In this study, we used gain- and loss-of-function mouse models to examine the role of NFκB in muscle atrophy following rotator cuff tenotomy - a model of chronic rotator cuff tear. IKKβ was knocked down or constitutively activated in muscle-specific inducible transgenic mice to elicit a twofold gain or loss of NFκB signaling. Surprisingly, neither knockdown of IKKβ nor overexpression of caIKKβ significantly altered the loss of muscle mass following tenotomy. This finding was consistent across measures of morphological adaptation (fiber cross-sectional area, fiber length, fiber number), tissue pathology (fibrosis and fatty infiltration), and intracellular signaling (ubiquitin-proteasome, autophagy). Intriguingly, late-stage tenotomy-induced atrophy was exacerbated in male mice compared with female mice. This sex specificity was driven by ongoing decreases in fiber cross-sectional area, which paralleled the accumulation of large autophagic vesicles in male, but not female muscle. These findings suggest that tenotomy-induced atrophy is not dependent on NFκB and instead may be regulated by autophagy in a sex-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gretchen A Meyer
- Program in Physical Therapy, Washington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of MedicineSt LouisUnited States
- Departments of Neurology and Biomedical Engineering, Washington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Stavros Thomopoulos
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Columbia UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Yousef Abu-Amer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of MedicineSt LouisUnited States
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Washington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
- Shriners Hospital for ChildrenSt. LouisUnited States
| | - Karen C Shen
- Program in Physical Therapy, Washington University School of MedicineSt. LouisUnited States
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10
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Walsh CJ, Batt J, Herridge MS, Mathur S, Bader GD, Hu P, Khatri P, Dos Santos CC. Comprehensive multi-cohort transcriptional meta-analysis of muscle diseases identifies a signature of disease severity. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11260. [PMID: 35789175 PMCID: PMC9253003 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15003-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle diseases share common pathological features suggesting common underlying mechanisms. We hypothesized there is a common set of genes dysregulated across muscle diseases compared to healthy muscle and that these genes correlate with severity of muscle disease. We performed meta-analysis of transcriptional profiles of muscle biopsies from human muscle diseases and healthy controls. Studies obtained from public microarray repositories fulfilling quality criteria were divided into six categories: (i) immobility, (ii) inflammatory myopathies, (iii) intensive care unit (ICU) acquired weakness (ICUAW), (iv) congenital muscle diseases, (v) chronic systemic diseases, (vi) motor neuron disease. Patient cohorts were separated in discovery and validation cohorts retaining roughly equal proportions of samples for the disease categories. To remove bias towards a specific muscle disease category we repeated the meta-analysis five times by removing data sets corresponding to one muscle disease class at a time in a "leave-one-disease-out" analysis. We used 636 muscle tissue samples from 30 independent cohorts to identify a 52 gene signature (36 up-regulated and 16 down-regulated genes). We validated the discriminatory power of this signature in 657 muscle biopsies from 12 additional patient cohorts encompassing five categories of muscle diseases with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.91, 83% sensitivity, and 85.3% specificity. The expression score of the gene signature inversely correlated with quadriceps muscle mass (r = -0.50, p-value = 0.011) in ICUAW and shoulder abduction strength (r = -0.77, p-value = 0.014) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The signature also positively correlated with histologic assessment of muscle atrophy in ALS (r = 0.88, p-value = 1.62 × 10-3) and fibrosis in muscular dystrophy (Jonckheere trend test p-value = 4.45 × 10-9). Our results identify a conserved transcriptional signature associated with clinical and histologic muscle disease severity. Several genes in this conserved signature have not been previously associated with muscle disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Walsh
- Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science, Saint Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J Batt
- Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science, Saint Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M S Herridge
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - S Mathur
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - G D Bader
- The Donnelly Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - P Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - P Khatri
- Stanford Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection (ITI), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Stanford Center for Biomedical Informatics Research (BMIR), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - C C Dos Santos
- Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science, Saint Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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11
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Maia S, Girgis B, Nunes GF, Reis-Mendes A, Bovolini A, Duarte JA. Splenic morphologic changes induced by a strenuous and exhaustive training program in Wistar rats. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2022; 62:873-882. [PMID: 34028237 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.21.12251-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessively intense physical training can compromise the functionality of the immune system and contribute to the appearance of symptoms associated with overtraining syndrome (OTS). The aim of this study was to analyze the splenic morphological changes in Wistar rats submitted to demanding training. METHODS The animals were randomly assigned to 2 groups; control group (CG) and exercise group (EG), animals in the EG group were sacrificed after 1 (EG1) and 3 weeks (EG3) of training. The animals were stimulated to run on the treadmill (-20 °; from 25 m/min, with a progressive increase of 1.25 m/minute at each session; 1 hour/day) 6 days/week. Body weight, food intake, appearance of hair, behavior and ability of animals to perform the imposed work were assessed during the protocol. The spleen was collected for histological analysis and immunohistochemical identification of CD4+ T lymphocytes and CD8+ T cells and NF-kB transcription factor. RESULTS The protocol did not induce OTS, however, decreases were observed in areas of white pulp in EG3 in relation to the other groups. The training induced a decrease in splenic CD4+ T cells with an increase in CD8+ T cells. The training increased the expression of NF-κB P65 compared to sedentary animals. CONCLUSIONS Even without manifestation of OTS, strenuous physical training, alter the histological and immunological structures of the spleen, suggesting in part a compromise in the functionality of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Maia
- CIAFEL, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Experimental Morphology, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal -
| | - Beshoy Girgis
- CIAFEL, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Experimental Morphology, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Grace F Nunes
- CIAFEL, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Experimental Morphology, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Reis-Mendes
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Antonio Bovolini
- CIAFEL, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Experimental Morphology, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José A Duarte
- CIAFEL, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Experimental Morphology, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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12
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Yadav A, Yadav SS, Singh S, Dabur R. Natural products: Potential therapeutic agents to prevent skeletal muscle atrophy. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 925:174995. [PMID: 35523319 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The skeletal muscle (SkM) is the largest organ, which plays a vital role in controlling musculature, locomotion, body heat regulation, physical strength, and metabolism of the body. A sedentary lifestyle, aging, cachexia, denervation, immobilization, etc. Can lead to an imbalance between protein synthesis and degradation, which is further responsible for SkM atrophy (SmA). To date, the understanding of the mechanism of SkM mass loss is limited which also restricted the number of drugs to treat SmA. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop novel approaches to regulate muscle homeostasis. Presently, some natural products attained immense attraction to regulate SkM homeostasis. The natural products, i.e., polyphenols (resveratrol, curcumin), terpenoids (ursolic acid, tanshinone IIA, celastrol), flavonoids, alkaloids (tomatidine, magnoflorine), vitamin D, etc. exhibit strong potential against SmA. Some of these natural products have been reported to have equivalent potential to standard treatments to prevent body lean mass loss. Indeed, owing to the large complexity, diversity, and slow absorption rate of bioactive compounds made their usage quite challenging. Moreover, the use of natural products is controversial due to their partially known or elusive mechanism of action. Therefore, the present review summarizes various experimental and clinical evidence of some important bioactive compounds that shall help in the development of novel strategies to counteract SmA elicited by various causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarti Yadav
- Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Surender Singh Yadav
- Department of Botany, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Sandeep Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Rajesh Dabur
- Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India.
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13
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Human placental mesenchymal stromal cell therapy restores the cytokine efflux and insulin signaling in the skeletal muscle of obesity-induced type 2 diabetes rat model. Hum Cell 2022; 35:557-571. [PMID: 35091972 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-021-00664-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Obesity poses a significant risk factor for the onset of metabolic syndrome with allied complications, wherein mesenchymal stem cell therapy is seen as a promising treatment for obesity-induced metabolic syndrome. In the present study, we aim to explore the beneficial effects of the human placental mesenchymal stromal cells (P-MSCs) on obesity-associated insulin resistance (IR) including inflammation. To understand this, we have analyzed the peripheral blood glucose, serum insulin levels by ELISA, and the glucose uptake capacity of skeletal muscle by a 2-NBDG assay using flow cytometry in WNIN/GR-Ob rats treated with and without P-MSCs. Also, we have studied insulin signaling and cytokine profile in the skeletal muscle by western blotting, dot blotting, and Multiplex-ELISA techniques. The skeletal muscle of WNIN/GR-Ob rats demonstrates dysregulation of cytokines, altered glucose uptake vis-a-vis insulin signaling. However, P-MSCs' treatment was effective in WNIN/GR-Ob rats as compared to its control, to restore HOMA-IR, re-establishes dysregulated cytokines and PI3K-Akt pathway in addition to enhanced Glut4 expression and glucose uptake studied in skeletal muscle. Overall, our data advocate the beneficial effects of P-MSCs to ameliorate inflammatory milieu, improve insulin sensitivity, and normalize glucose homeostasis underlining the Ob-T2D conditions, and we attribute for immunomodulatory, paracrine, autocrine, and multipotent functions of P-MSCs.
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14
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McMillin SL, Minchew EC, Lowe DA, Spangenburg EE. Skeletal muscle wasting: the estrogen side of sexual dimorphism. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 322:C24-C37. [PMID: 34788147 PMCID: PMC8721895 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00333.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The importance of defining sex differences across various biological and physiological mechanisms is more pervasive now than it has been over the past 15-20 years. As the muscle biology field pushes to identify small molecules and interventions to prevent, attenuate, or even reverse muscle wasting, we must consider the effect of sex as a biological variable. It should not be assumed that a therapeutic will affect males and females with equal efficacy or equivalent target affinities under conditions where muscle wasting is observed. With that said, it is not surprising to find that we have an unclear or even a poor understanding of the effects of sex or sex hormones on muscle wasting conditions. Although recent investigations are beginning to establish experimental approaches that will allow investigators to assess the impact of sex-specific hormones on muscle wasting, the field still needs rigorous scientific tools that will allow the community to address critical hypotheses centered around sex hormones. The focus of this review is on female sex hormones, specifically estrogens, and the roles that these hormones and their receptors play in skeletal muscle wasting conditions. With the overall review goal of assembling the current knowledge in the area of sexual dimorphism driven by estrogens with an effort to provide insights to interested physiologists on necessary considerations when trying to assess models for potential sex differences in cellular and molecular mechanisms of muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawna L. McMillin
- 1Division of Rehabilitation Science, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota,2Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Everett C. Minchew
- 3Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Dawn A. Lowe
- 1Division of Rehabilitation Science, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota,2Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Espen E. Spangenburg
- 3Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
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15
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Singh S, Singh T, Kunja C, Dhoat NS, Dhania NK. Gene-editing, immunological and iPSCs based therapeutics for muscular dystrophy. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 912:174568. [PMID: 34656607 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Muscular dystrophy is a well-known genetically heterogeneous group of rare muscle disorders. This progressive disease causes the breakdown of skeletal muscles over time and leads to grave weakness. This breakdown is caused by a diverse pattern of mutations in dystrophin and dystrophin associated protein complex. These mutations lead to the production of altered proteins in response to which, the body stimulates production of various cytokines and immune cells, particularly reactive oxygen species and NFκB. Immune cells display/exhibit a dual role by inducing muscle damage and muscle repair. Various anti-oxidants, anti-inflammatory and glucocorticoid drugs serve as potent therapeutics for muscular dystrophy. Along with the above mentioned therapeutics, induced pluripotent stem cells also serve as a novel approach paving a way for personalized treatment. These pluripotent stem cells allow regeneration of large numbers of regenerative myogenic progenitors that can be administered in muscular dystrophy patients which assist in the recovery of lost muscle fibers. In this review, we have summarized gene-editing, immunological and induced pluripotent stem cell based therapeutics for muscular dystrophy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shagun Singh
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda-151001, Punjab, India
| | - Tejpal Singh
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda-151001, Punjab, India
| | - Chaitanya Kunja
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda-151001, Punjab, India
| | - Navdeep S Dhoat
- Department of Pediatrics Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, 151001, Punjab, India
| | - Narender K Dhania
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda-151001, Punjab, India.
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16
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So HK, Kim S, Kang JS, Lee SJ. Role of Protein Arginine Methyltransferases and Inflammation in Muscle Pathophysiology. Front Physiol 2021; 12:712389. [PMID: 34489731 PMCID: PMC8416770 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.712389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Arginine methylation mediated by protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) is a post-translational modification of both histone and non-histone substrates related to diverse biological processes. PRMTs appear to be critical regulators in skeletal muscle physiology, including regeneration, metabolic homeostasis, and plasticity. Chronic inflammation is commonly associated with the decline of skeletal muscle mass and strength related to aging or chronic diseases, defined as sarcopenia. In turn, declined skeletal muscle mass and strength can exacerbate chronic inflammation. Thus, understanding the molecular regulatory pathway underlying the crosstalk between skeletal muscle function and inflammation might be essential for the intervention of muscle pathophysiology. In this review, we will address the current knowledge on the role of PRMTs in skeletal muscle physiology and pathophysiology with a specific emphasis on its relationship with inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Kyung So
- Molecular Cell Biology, Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.,Research Institute of Aging-Related Disease, AniMusCure Inc., Suwon, South Korea
| | - Sunghee Kim
- Molecular Cell Biology, Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jong-Sun Kang
- Molecular Cell Biology, Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Sang-Jin Lee
- Research Institute of Aging-Related Disease, AniMusCure Inc., Suwon, South Korea
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17
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Sumi K, Sakuda M, Munakata K, Nakamura K, Ashida K. α-Hydroxyisocaproic Acid Decreases Protein Synthesis but Attenuates TNFα/IFNγ Co-Exposure-Induced Protein Degradation and Myotube Atrophy via Suppression of iNOS and IL-6 in Murine C2C12 Myotube. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072391. [PMID: 34371902 PMCID: PMC8308709 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
There is ongoing debate as to whether or not α-hydroxyisocaproic acid (HICA) positively regulates skeletal muscle protein synthesis resulting in the gain or maintenance of skeletal muscle. We investigated the effects of HICA on mouse C2C12 myotubes under normal conditions and during cachexia induced by co-exposure to TNFα and IFNγ. The phosphorylation of AMPK or ERK1/2 was significantly altered 30 min after HICA treatment under normal conditions. The basal protein synthesis rates measured by a deuterium-labeling method were significantly lowered by the HICA treatment under normal and cachexic conditions. Conversely, myotube atrophy induced by TNFα/IFNγ co-exposure was significantly improved by the HICA pretreatment, and this improvement was accompanied by the inhibition of iNOS expression and IL-6 production. Moreover, HICA also suppressed the TNFα/IFNγ co-exposure-induced secretion of 3-methylhistidine. These results demonstrated that HICA decreases basal protein synthesis under normal or cachexic conditions; however, HICA might attenuate skeletal muscle atrophy via maintaining a low level of protein degradation under cachexic conditions.
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18
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Tichy ED, Ma N, Sidibe D, Loro E, Kocan J, Chen DZ, Khurana TS, Hasty P, Mourkioti F. Persistent NF-κB activation in muscle stem cells induces proliferation-independent telomere shortening. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109098. [PMID: 33979621 PMCID: PMC8183356 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
During the repeated cycles of damage and repair in many muscle disorders, including Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), the muscle stem cell (MuSC) pool becomes less efficient at responding to and repairing damage. The underlying mechanism of such stem cell dysfunction is not fully known. Here, we demonstrate that the distinct early telomere shortening of diseased MuSCs in both mice and young DMD patients is associated with aberrant NF-κB activation. We find that prolonged NF-κB activation in MuSCs in chronic injuries leads to shortened telomeres and Ku80 dysregulation and results in severe skeletal muscle defects. Our studies provide evidence of a role for NF-κB in regulating stem-cell-specific telomere length, independently of cell replication, and could be a congruent mechanism that is applicable to additional tissues and/or diseases characterized by systemic chronic inflammation. Tichy et al. reveal a role for NF-κB signaling in regulating telomere length in muscle stem cells (MuSCs) after chronic injuries. Persistent activation of NF-κB leads to shortened telomeres, Ku80 dysregulation, and muscle defects. The findings link stem cell dysfunction and NF-κB-dependent telomere shortening in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisia D Tichy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nuoying Ma
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - David Sidibe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Emanuele Loro
- Department of Physiology and Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jacob Kocan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Delia Z Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tejvir S Khurana
- Department of Physiology and Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Paul Hasty
- The Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Foteini Mourkioti
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Musculoskeletal Regeneration Program, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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19
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Lithium Chloride Protects against Sepsis-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy and Cancer Cachexia. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051017. [PMID: 33925786 PMCID: PMC8146089 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation-mediated skeletal muscle wasting occurs in patients with sepsis and cancer cachexia. Both conditions severely affect patient morbidity and mortality. Lithium chloride has previously been shown to enhance myogenesis and prevent certain forms of muscular dystrophy. However, to our knowledge, the effect of lithium chloride treatment on sepsis-induced muscle atrophy and cancer cachexia has not yet been investigated. In this study, we aimed to examine the effects of lithium chloride using in vitro and in vivo models of cancer cachexia and sepsis. Lithium chloride prevented wasting in myotubes cultured with cancer cell-conditioned media, maintained the expression of the muscle fiber contractile protein, myosin heavy chain 2, and inhibited the upregulation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase, Atrogin-1. In addition, it inhibited the upregulation of inflammation-associated cytokines in macrophages treated with lipopolysaccharide. In the animal model of sepsis, lithium chloride treatment improved body weight, increased muscle mass, preserved the survival of larger fibers, and decreased the expression of muscle-wasting effector genes. In a model of cancer cachexia, lithium chloride increased muscle mass, enhanced muscle strength, and increased fiber cross-sectional area, with no significant effect on tumor mass. These results indicate that lithium chloride exerts therapeutic effects on inflammation-mediated skeletal muscle wasting, such as sepsis-induced muscle atrophy and cancer cachexia.
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20
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Dos Santos Haupenthal DP, de Bem Silveira G, Zaccaron RP, Corrêa MEAB, de Souza PS, Filho MCB, de Roch Casagrande L, de Melo Cardoso M, Rigo FK, Haupenthal A, Silveira PCL. Effects of cryotherapy on the regeneration process and muscular mechanical properties after lacerative injury model. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2021; 31:610-622. [PMID: 33176018 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cryotherapy is a therapeutic modality widely used for the treatment of muscle injuries to control pain and inflammatory processes. This study aimed to investigate the effects of cryotherapy on the inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters and mechanical properties of, and pain in, the skeletal muscles of rats with lacerative muscle injury. The rats were anesthetized with 4% isoflurane and subjected to gastrocnemius muscle laceration injury. After injury, all animals in the intervention groups received cryotherapy treatment for 20 minutes using plastic bags containing crushed ice. The protocol comprised three daily applications at 3-hour intervals on the day of injury, with reapplication 24 hours later. Seventy-two male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: sham, muscle injury (MI), and MI + cryotherapy (MI + cryo). Muscle mechanical properties were analyzed by mechanical tensile testing on day 7 after injury. The MI + cryo group showed reduced TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL1β levels; elevated IL4, IL6, and IL10 levels; reduced oxidant production and carbonyl levels; and elevated sulfhydryl contents. Animals that underwent tissue cooling showed superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione levels close to those of the animals in the sham group. The MI and MI + cryo groups showed reduced values of the evaluated mechanical properties and lower mechanical thresholds compared to those of the animals from the sham group. Our results demonstrated that the proposed cryotherapy protocol reduced the inflammatory process and controlled oxidative stress but did not reverse the changes in the mechanical properties of muscle tissues or provide analgesic effects within the time frame analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gustavo de Bem Silveira
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Rubya Pereira Zaccaron
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Brazil
| | | | - Priscila Soares de Souza
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Mário Cesar Búrigo Filho
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Laura de Roch Casagrande
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Mariana de Melo Cardoso
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Flávia Karine Rigo
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Haupenthal
- Aging, Resources and Rheumatology Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Araranguá, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cesar Lock Silveira
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Brazil
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21
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Signorelli M, Ayoglu B, Johansson C, Lochmüller H, Straub V, Muntoni F, Niks E, Tsonaka R, Persson A, Aartsma-Rus A, Nilsson P, Al-Khalili Szigyarto C, Spitali P. Longitudinal serum biomarker screening identifies malate dehydrogenase 2 as candidate prognostic biomarker for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2020; 11:505-517. [PMID: 31881125 PMCID: PMC7113516 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal disease for which no cure is available. Clinical trials have shown to be largely underpowered due to inter-individual variability and noisy outcome measures. The availability of biomarkers able to anticipate clinical benefit is highly needed to improve clinical trial design and facilitate drug development. METHODS In this study, we aimed to appraise the value of protein biomarkers to predict prognosis and monitor disease progression or treatment outcome in patients affected by DMD. We collected clinical data and 303 blood samples from 157 DMD patients in three clinical centres; 78 patients contributed multiple blood samples over time, with a median follow-up time of 2 years. We employed linear mixed models to identify biomarkers that are associated with disease progression, wheelchair dependency, and treatment with corticosteroids and performed survival analysis to find biomarkers whose levels are associated with time to loss of ambulation. RESULTS Our analysis led to the identification of 21 proteins whose levels significantly decrease with age and nine proteins whose levels significantly increase. Seven of these proteins are also differentially expressed in non-ambulant patients, and three proteins are differentially expressed in patients treated with glucocorticosteroids. Treatment with corticosteroids was found to partly counteract the effect of disease progression on two biomarkers, namely, malate dehydrogenase 2 (MDH2, P = 0.0003) and ankyrin repeat domain 2 (P = 0.0005); however, patients treated with corticosteroids experienced a further reduction on collagen 1 serum levels (P = 0.0003), especially following administration of deflazacort. A time to event analysis allowed to further support the use of MDH2 as a prognostic biomarker as it was associated with an increased risk of wheelchair dependence (P = 0.0003). The obtained data support the prospective evaluation of the identified biomarkers in natural history and clinical trials as exploratory biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS We identified a number of serum biomarkers associated with disease progression, loss of ambulation, and treatment with corticosteroids. The identified biomarkers are promising candidate prognostic and surrogate biomarkers, which may support drug developers if confirmed in prospective studies. The serum levels of MDH2 are of particular interest, as they correlate with disease stage and response to treatment with corticosteroids, and are also associated with the risk of wheelchair dependency and pulmonary function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Signorelli
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Burcu Ayoglu
- Department of Protein Sciences, SciLifeLab, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Camilla Johansson
- Department of Protein Science, School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hanns Lochmüller
- Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG-CRG), Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.,Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Volker Straub
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Francesco Muntoni
- The Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Erik Niks
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Roula Tsonaka
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anja Persson
- Department of Protein Science, School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annemieke Aartsma-Rus
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Nilsson
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cristina Al-Khalili Szigyarto
- Department of Protein Sciences, SciLifeLab, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Protein Science, School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pietro Spitali
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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22
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Hirunsai M, Srikuea R. Heat stress ameliorates tenotomy-induced inflammation in muscle-specific response via regulation of macrophage subtypes. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2020; 128:612-626. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00594.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
During disuse-induced muscle atrophy, macrophages play a significant role in inflammatory responses that occur with muscle degeneration and repair. Heat treatment has been shown to alleviate muscle atrophy; however, the effect of heat on inflammatory responses following tenotomy has not been evaluated. This study examined the effects of heat stress on proinflammatory (M1-like) and anti-inflammatory (M2-like) macrophage populations. Also, cytokine protein expression in oxidative soleus and glycolytic plantaris muscles following Achilles tendon transection (tenotomy) was analyzed. Male Wistar rats were assigned into control, control plus heat stress, tenotomy, and tenotomy plus heat stress groups. Tenotomy was performed for 8 (TEN8) and 14 (TEN14) days to induce muscle inflammation. Heat treatments, 30 min at 40.5–41.5°C, were given 24 h before and 1–6 consecutive days after tenotomy (TEN8 group) or every other day (TEN14 group). Tenotomy induced muscle necrosis, extensive infiltration of M1- (CD68+), and M2- (CD163+) like macrophages and increased tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) but not interleukin-10 (IL-10) protein expression. Heat stress caused a reduction in necrotic fibers, M1-like macrophage invasion, and TNFα protein expression in tenotomized soleus muscle. Additionally, heat stress enhanced M2-like macrophage accumulation during the 14 days following tenotomy in soleus muscle but did not affect IL-10 protein level. Our results indicate that heat stress can limit tenotomy-induced inflammatory responses through modulation of macrophage subtypes and TNFα protein expression, preferentially in oxidative muscle. These findings shed light on the ability of heat stress as a therapeutic strategy to manipulate macrophages for optimal inflammation during muscle atrophy. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We investigated differential effects of heat stress on modulating inflammation following 8 and 14 days of tenotomy in soleus and plantaris muscles. Heat exposure could reduce necrosis, suppress pro-inflammatory macrophage infiltration, and diminish TNFα protein expression in tenotomized muscle, which preferentially occurred in soleus muscle. Additionally, heat stress enhanced anti-inflammatory macrophages in soleus muscle in the 14-day study period. Neither tenotomy nor heat stress had an impact on IL-10 protein expression in either muscle examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthita Hirunsai
- Department of Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Srinakharinwirot University, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand
| | - Ratchakrit Srikuea
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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23
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Wang R, Nakshatri H. Systemic Actions of Breast Cancer Facilitate Functional Limitations. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12010194. [PMID: 31941005 PMCID: PMC7016719 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a disease of a specific organ, but its effects are felt throughout the body. The systemic effects of breast cancer can lead to functional limitations in patients who suffer from muscle weakness, fatigue, pain, fibromyalgia, or many other dysfunctions, which hasten cancer-associated death. Mechanistic studies have identified quite a few molecular defects in skeletal muscles that are associated with functional limitations in breast cancer. These include circulating cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, and TGF-β altering the levels or function of myogenic molecules including PAX7, MyoD, and microRNAs through transcriptional regulators such as NF-κB, STAT3, and SMADs. Molecular defects in breast cancer may also include reduced muscle mitochondrial content and increased extracellular matrix deposition leading to energy imbalance and skeletal muscle fibrosis. This review highlights recent evidence that breast cancer-associated molecular defects mechanistically contribute to functional limitations and further provides insights into therapeutic interventions in managing functional limitations, which in turn may help to improve quality of life in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhong Wang
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Harikrishna Nakshatri
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- VA Roudebush Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-317-278-2238
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24
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Mukund K, Subramaniam S. Skeletal muscle: A review of molecular structure and function, in health and disease. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. SYSTEMS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 12:e1462. [PMID: 31407867 PMCID: PMC6916202 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Decades of research in skeletal muscle physiology have provided multiscale insights into the structural and functional complexity of this important anatomical tissue, designed to accomplish the task of generating contraction, force and movement. Skeletal muscle can be viewed as a biomechanical device with various interacting components including the autonomic nerves for impulse transmission, vasculature for efficient oxygenation, and embedded regulatory and metabolic machinery for maintaining cellular homeostasis. The "omics" revolution has propelled a new era in muscle research, allowing us to discern minute details of molecular cross-talk required for effective coordination between the myriad interacting components for efficient muscle function. The objective of this review is to provide a systems-level, comprehensive mapping the molecular mechanisms underlying skeletal muscle structure and function, in health and disease. We begin this review with a focus on molecular mechanisms underlying muscle tissue development (myogenesis), with an emphasis on satellite cells and muscle regeneration. We next review the molecular structure and mechanisms underlying the many structural components of the muscle: neuromuscular junction, sarcomere, cytoskeleton, extracellular matrix, and vasculature surrounding muscle. We highlight aberrant molecular mechanisms and their possible clinical or pathophysiological relevance. We particularly emphasize the impact of environmental stressors (inflammation and oxidative stress) in contributing to muscle pathophysiology including atrophy, hypertrophy, and fibrosis. This article is categorized under: Physiology > Mammalian Physiology in Health and Disease Developmental Biology > Developmental Processes in Health and Disease Models of Systems Properties and Processes > Cellular Models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavitha Mukund
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoCalifornia
| | - Shankar Subramaniam
- Department of Bioengineering, Bioinformatics & Systems BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoCalifornia
- Department of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoCalifornia
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and NanoengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoCalifornia
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25
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Exercise training augments Sirt1-signaling and attenuates cardiac inflammation in D-galactose induced-aging rats. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 10:4166-4174. [PMID: 30582744 PMCID: PMC6326662 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Exercise is known to be beneficial in controlling aging associated disorders however, the consequence of long-term exercise on cardiac health among aging population is not much clear. In this study the protective effect of exercise on aging associated cardiac disorders was determined using a D-galactose-induced aging model. Eight weeks old Sprague Dawley rats were given intraperitoneal injection of 150 mL/kg D-galactose. Swimming exercise was provided in warm water for 60 min/day for five days per week. Hematoxylin and eosin staining of cardiac tissue sections revealed cardiomyocyte disarrangements in the aging rat hearts but long-term exercise training showed improvements in the cardiac histology. Exercise training also enhanced the expression levels of proteins such as SIRT1, PGC-1α and AMPKα1 that are associated with energy homeostasis and further suppressed aging associated inflammatory cytokines. Our results show that long-term exercise training potentially enhances SIRT1 associated anti-aging signaling and provide cardio-protection against aging.
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26
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Suryadevara V, Willis MS. Walk the Line: The Role of Ubiquitin in Regulating Transcription in Myocytes. Physiology (Bethesda) 2019; 34:327-340. [PMID: 31389777 PMCID: PMC6863375 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00055.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome offers novel targets for potential therapies with their specific activities and tissue localization. Recently, the expansion of our understanding of how ubiquitin ligases (E3s) specifically regulate transcription has demonstrated their roles in skeletal muscle, complementing their roles in protein quality control and protein degradation. This review focuses on skeletal muscle E3s that regulate transcription factors critical to myogenesis and the maintenance of skeletal muscle wasting diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Monte S Willis
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Krannert Institute of Cardiology and Division of Cardiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
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27
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Burks SR, Lorsung RM, Nagle ME, Tu TW, Frank JA. Focused ultrasound activates voltage-gated calcium channels through depolarizing TRPC1 sodium currents in kidney and skeletal muscle. Theranostics 2019; 9:5517-5531. [PMID: 31534500 PMCID: PMC6735402 DOI: 10.7150/thno.33876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulsed focused ultrasound (pFUS) technology is being developed for clinical neuro/immune modulation and regenerative medicine. Biological signal transduction of pFUS forces can require mechanosensitive or voltage-gated plasma membrane ion channels. Previous studies suggested pFUS is capable of activating either channel type, but their mechanistic relationship remains ambiguous. We demonstrated pFUS bioeffects increased mesenchymal stem cell tropism (MSC) by altering molecular microenvironments through cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2)-dependent pathways. This study explored specific relationships between mechanosensitive and voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCC) to initiate pFUS bioeffects that increase stem cell tropism. Methods: Murine kidneys and hamstring were given pFUS (1.15 or 1.125 MHz; 4MPa peak rarefactional pressure) under ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging guidance. Cavitation and tissue displacement were measure by hydrophone and ultrasound radiofrequency data, respectively. Elastic modeling was performed from displacement measurements. COX2 expression and MSC tropism were evaluated in the presence of pharmacological ion channel inhibitors or in transient-receptor-potential-channel-1 (TRPC1)-deficient mice. Immunohistochemistry and co-immunoprecipitation examined physical channel relationships. Fluorescent ionophore imaging of cultured C2C12 muscle cells or TCMK1 kidney cells probed physiological interactions. Results: pFUS induced tissue deformations resulting in kPa-scale forces suggesting mechanical activation of pFUS-induced bioeffects. Inhibiting VGCC or TRPC1 in vivo blocked pFUS-induced COX2 upregulation and MSC tropism to kidneys and muscle. A TRPC1/VGCC complex was observed in plasma membranes. VGCC or TRPC1 suppression blocked pFUS-induced Ca2+ transients in TCMK1 and C2C12 cells. Additionally, Ca2+ transients were blocked by reducing transmembrane Na+ potentials and observed Na+ transients were diminished by genetic TRPC1 suppression. Conclusion: This study suggests that pFUS acoustic radiation forces mechanically activate a Na+-containing TRPC1 current upstream of VGCC rather than directly opening VGCC. The electrogenic function of TRPC1 provides potential mechanistic insight into other pFUS techniques for physiological modulation and optimization strategies for clinical implementation.
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28
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Lala-Tabbert N, Lejmi-Mrad R, Timusk K, Fukano M, Holbrook J, St-Jean M, LaCasse EC, Korneluk RG. Targeted ablation of the cellular inhibitor of apoptosis 1 (cIAP1) attenuates denervation-induced skeletal muscle atrophy. Skelet Muscle 2019; 9:13. [PMID: 31126323 PMCID: PMC6533726 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-019-0201-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal muscle atrophy is a pathological condition that contributes to morbidity in a variety of conditions including denervation, cachexia, and aging. Muscle atrophy is characterized as decreased muscle fiber cross-sectional area and protein content due, in part, to the proteolytic activities of two muscle-specific E3 ubiquitin ligases: muscle RING-finger 1 (MuRF1) and muscle atrophy F-box (MAFbx or Atrogin-1). The nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway has emerged as a critical signaling network in skeletal muscle atrophy and has become a prime therapeutic target for the treatment of muscle diseases. Unfortunately, none of the NF-κB targeting drugs are currently being used to treat these diseases, likely because of our limited knowledge and specificity, for muscle biology and disease. The cellular inhibitor of apoptosis 1 (cIAP1) protein is a positive regulator of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)-mediated classical NF-κB signaling, and cIAP1 loss has been shown to enhance muscle regeneration during acute and chronic injury. METHODS Sciatic nerve transection in wild-type, cIAP1-null and Smac mimetic compound (SMC)-treated mice was performed to investigate the role of cIAP1 in denervation-induced atrophy. Genetic in vitro models of C2C12 myoblasts and primary myoblasts were also used to examine the role of classical NF-κB activity in cIAP1-induced myotube atrophy. RESULTS We found that cIAP1 expression was upregulated in denervated muscles compared to non-denervated controls 14 days after denervation. Genetic and pharmacological loss of cIAP1 attenuated denervation-induced muscle atrophy and overexpression of cIAP1 in myotubes was sufficient to induce atrophy. The induction of myotube atrophy by cIAP1 was attenuated when the classical NF-κB signaling pathway was inhibited. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate the cIAP1 is an important mediator of NF-κB/MuRF1 signaling in skeletal muscle atrophy and is a promising therapeutic target for muscle wasting diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neena Lala-Tabbert
- Apoptosis Research Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Rim Lejmi-Mrad
- Apoptosis Research Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Kristen Timusk
- Apoptosis Research Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Marina Fukano
- Apoptosis Research Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Janelle Holbrook
- Apoptosis Research Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Martine St-Jean
- Apoptosis Research Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Eric C LaCasse
- Apoptosis Research Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Robert G Korneluk
- Apoptosis Research Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada.
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29
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Kim JK, Kim SG, Oh JE, Lee YK, Noh JW, Kim HJ, Song YR. Impact of sarcopenia on long-term mortality and cardiovascular events in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Korean J Intern Med 2019; 34:599-607. [PMID: 29161801 PMCID: PMC6506738 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2017.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS A high body mass index (BMI) is known to correlate with better survival in patients on hemodialysis (HD). However, the impacts of body composition and sarcopenia on survival have not been well studied in this population. METHODS One hundred and forty-two prevalent HD patients were recruited and followed prospectively for up to 4.5 years. Low muscle mass (measured using a portable, whole-body, bioimpedance spectroscopic device) was defined as a lean tissue index (LTI) two standard deviations (SD) or more below the normal gender-specific mean for young people. Low muscle strength was a handgrip strength (HGS) of less than 30 kg in males and less than 20 kg in females. Sarcopenia was considered present when both LTI and HGS were reduced. RESULTS The mean age was 59.8 ± 13.1 years; 57.0% were male and 47.2% had diabetes. Forty-seven patients (33.1%) had sarcopenia. During follow-up, 28 patients (19.7%) died, and low LTI (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 2.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10 to 6.97) and low HGS (HR 5.65; 95% CI, 1.99 to 16.04) were independently associated with mortality. Sarcopenia was a significant predictor for death (HR, 6.99; 95% CI, 1.84 to 26.58; p = 0.004) and cardiovascular events (HR, 4.33; 95% CI, 1.51 to 12.43; p = 0.006). CONCLUSION Sarcopenia was strongly associated with long-term mortality and cardiovascular events in HD patients. Assessment of muscle strength and muscle mass may provide additional prognostic information to survival in patients with end-stage renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jwa-Kyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Sung Gyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Ki Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Woo Noh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung Jik Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Young Rim Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
- Correspondence to Young Rim Song, M.D. Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, 22 Gwanpyeong-ro 170 beon-gil, Dongan-gu, Anyang 14068, Korea Tel: +82-31-380-3720 Fax: +82-31-386-2269 E-mail:
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30
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Green N, Walker J, Bontrager A, Zych M, Geisbrecht ER. A tissue communication network coordinating innate immune response during muscle stress. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.217943. [PMID: 30478194 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.217943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex tissue communication networks function throughout an organism's lifespan to maintain tissue homeostasis. Using the genetic model Drosophila melanogaster, we have defined a network of immune responses that are activated following the induction of muscle stresses, including hypercontraction, detachment and oxidative stress. Of these stressors, loss of the genes that cause muscle detachment produced the strongest levels of JAK-STAT activation. In one of these mutants, fondue (fon), we also observe hemocyte recruitment and the accumulation of melanin at muscle attachment sites (MASs), indicating a broad involvement of innate immune responses upon muscle detachment. Loss of fon results in pathogen-independent Toll signaling in the fat body and increased expression of the Toll-dependent antimicrobial peptide Drosomycin. Interestingly, genetic interactions between fon and various Toll pathway components enhance muscle detachment. Finally, we show that JAK-STAT and Toll signaling are capable of reciprocal activation in larval tissues. We propose a model of tissue communication for the integration of immune responses at the local and systemic level in response to altered muscle physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Green
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Justin Walker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Alexandria Bontrager
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Molly Zych
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Erika R Geisbrecht
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
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31
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Samant SA, Pillai VB, Gupta MP. Cellular mechanisms promoting cachexia and how they are opposed by sirtuins 1. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 97:235-245. [PMID: 30407871 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2018-0479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Many chronic diseases are associated with unintentional loss of body weight, which is termed "cachexia". Cachexia is a complex multifactorial syndrome associated with the underlying primary disease, and characterized by loss of skeletal muscle with or without loss of fat tissue. Patients with cachexia face dire symptoms like dyspnea, fatigue, edema, exercise intolerance, and low responsiveness to medical therapy, which worsen quality of life. Because cachexia is not a stand-alone disorder, treating primary disease - such as cancer - takes precedence for the physician, and it remains mostly a neglected illness. Existing clinical trials have demonstrated limited success mostly because of their monotherapeutic approach and late detection of the syndrome. To conquer cachexia, it is essential to identify as many molecular targets as possible using the latest technologies we have at our disposal. In this review, we have discussed different aspects of cachexia, which include various disease settings, active molecular pathways, and recent novel advances made in this field to understand consequences of this illness. We also discuss roles of the sirtuins, the NAD+-dependent lysine deacetylases, microRNAs, certain dietary options, and epigenetic drugs as potential approaches, which can be used to tackle cachexia as early as possible in its course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadhana A Samant
- Department of Surgery, Committee on Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Biological Sciences Division, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Department of Surgery, Committee on Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Biological Sciences Division, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Vinodkumar B Pillai
- Department of Surgery, Committee on Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Biological Sciences Division, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Department of Surgery, Committee on Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Biological Sciences Division, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Mahesh P Gupta
- Department of Surgery, Committee on Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Biological Sciences Division, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Department of Surgery, Committee on Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Biological Sciences Division, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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32
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Erekat N, Al-Jarrah MD. Interleukin-1 Beta and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Upregulation and Nuclear Factor Kappa B Activation in Skeletal Muscle from a Mouse Model of Chronic/Progressive Parkinson Disease. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:7524-7531. [PMID: 30344306 PMCID: PMC6402272 DOI: 10.12659/msm.909032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal muscle atrophy has been reported in patients with Parkinson disease (PD). The purpose of this study was to examine the potential implication of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF kappa B) in skeletal muscle atrophy following PD induction. MATERIAL AND METHODS Chronic Parkinsonism was induced in 10 albino mice by MPTP/probenecid treatment, while 10 other albino mice remained without treatment and were subsequently used as controls. Gastrocnemius muscles were examined for the expression of IL-1β and TNF-α, as well as the nuclear localization of NF kappa B, indicative of its activation, using immunohistochemistry in the 2 different groups. RESULTS IL-1β and TNF-α expression and NF kappa B nuclear localization were significantly higher in the PD skeletal muscle compared with those in the controls (P value <0.01). CONCLUSIONS The present data are indicative of an association of PD with IL-1β and TNF-α upregulation and NF kappa B activation in gastrocnemius muscles, potentially promoting the atrophy frequently observed in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour Erekat
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Muhammed D Al-Jarrah
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Kang C, Shin WS, Yeo D, Lim W, Zhang T, Ji LL. Anti-inflammatory effect of avenanthramides via NF-κB pathways in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 117:30-36. [PMID: 29371164 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Avenanthramides (Avns), the polyphenol compounds found only in oats, have been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory effects mainly by inhibiting nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation in select cell lines. However, the molecular mechanism by which Avns regulate the NF-κB pathway is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate (1) the molecular mechanism by which three main fractions of Avns (AvnA, AvnB and AvnC) interact with IκB Kinase β (IKKβ); and (2) whether this interaction results in reduced inflammatory responses in skeletal muscle cells. The protein-ligand docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies suggest that Avns acted as an allosteric inhibitor for modulating IKKβ's affinity for the NF-κB complex. Thus, Avns reduced IKKβ kinase activity in response to tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP) stimulation and attenuated tBHP-induced TNFα and IL-1β mRNA expression. Furthermore, the three-fold increases in cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein and luciferase activity with tBHP treatment were reduced by 50% with Avns (P < .01), along with decreased prostaglandin E2 levels (P < .01). These data indicate that Avns are potent inhibitors of NFκB-mediated inflammatory response due to the downregulation of IKKβ activity in C2C12 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chounghun Kang
- Department of Physical Education, Inha University, South Korea
| | - Woo Shik Shin
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Dongwook Yeo
- Laboratory of Physiological Hygiene and Exercise Science, School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, MN 55455, United States
| | - Wonchung Lim
- Department of Sports Medicine, College of Health Science, Cheongju University, South Korea
| | - Tianou Zhang
- Laboratory of Physiological Hygiene and Exercise Science, School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, MN 55455, United States
| | - Li Li Ji
- Laboratory of Physiological Hygiene and Exercise Science, School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, MN 55455, United States.
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Jaimovich E, Casas M. Evaluating the essential role of RONS in vivo in exercised human muscle. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2018; 222. [PMID: 28887887 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Jaimovich
- Muscle Cell Physiology Laboratory; Center of Molecular Studies of the Cell; Institute of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Medicine; Universidad de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - M. Casas
- Muscle Cell Physiology Laboratory; Center of Molecular Studies of the Cell; Institute of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Medicine; Universidad de Chile; Santiago Chile
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Nagata Y, Kiyono T, Okamura K, Goto YI, Matsuo M, Ikemoto-Uezumi M, Hashimoto N. Interleukin-1beta (IL-1β)-induced Notch ligand Jagged1 suppresses mitogenic action of IL-1β on human dystrophic myogenic cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188821. [PMID: 29194448 PMCID: PMC5711031 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe X-linked recessive muscle disorder caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene. Nonetheless, secondary processes involving perturbation of muscle regeneration probably exacerbate disease progression, resulting in the fatal loss of muscle in DMD patients. A dysfunction of undifferentiated myogenic cells is the most likely cause for the reduction of regenerative capacity of muscle. To clarify molecular mechanisms in perturbation of the regenerative capacity of DMD muscle, we have established several NCAM (CD56)-positive immortalized human dystrophic and non-dystrophic myogenic cell lines from DMD and healthy muscles. A pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-1β, promoted cell cycle progression of non-dystrophic myogenic cells but not DMD myogenic cells. In contrast, IL-1β upregulated the Notch ligand Jagged1 gene in DMD myogenic cells but not in non-dystrophic myogenic cells. Knockdown of Jagged1 in DMD myogenic cells restored the IL-1β-promoted cell cycle progression. Conversely, enforced expression of Jagged1-blocked IL-1β promoted proliferation of non-dystrophic myogenic cells. In addition, IL-1β prevented myogenic differentiation of DMD myogenic cells depending on Jagged1 but not of non-dystrophic myogenic cells. These results demonstrate that Jagged1 induced by IL-1β in DMD myogenic cells modified the action of IL-1β and reduced the ability to proliferate and differentiate. IL-1β induced Jagged1 gene expression may be a feedback response to excess stimulation with this cytokine because high IL-1β (200-1000 pg/ml) induced Jagged1 gene expression even in non-dystrophic myogenic cells. DMD myogenic cells are likely to acquire the susceptibility of the Jagged1 gene to IL-1β under the microcircumstances in DMD muscles. The present results suggest that Jagged1 induced by IL-1β plays a crucial role in the loss of muscle regeneration capacity of DMD muscles. The IL-1β/Jagged1 pathway may be a new therapeutic target to ameliorate exacerbation of muscular dystrophy in a dystrophin-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Nagata
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Morioka, Oobu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tohru Kiyono
- Division of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kikuo Okamura
- Department of Urology, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Morioka, Oobu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yu-ichi Goto
- Department of Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, Nervous, and Muscular Disorders, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry,Ogawahigashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masafumi Matsuo
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Kobegakuin University, Ikawadani-cho, Nishi-ku, Kobe Japan
| | - Madoka Ikemoto-Uezumi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Morioka, Oobu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Naohiro Hashimoto
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Morioka, Oobu, Aichi, Japan
- * E-mail:
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The histone deacetylase SIRT6 blocks myostatin expression and development of muscle atrophy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11877. [PMID: 28928419 PMCID: PMC5605688 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10838-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle wasting, also known as cachexia, is associated with many chronic diseases, which worsens prognosis of primary illness leading to enhanced mortality. Molecular basis of this metabolic syndrome is not yet completely understood. SIRT6 is a chromatin-bound member of the sirtuin family, implicated in regulating many cellular processes, ranging from metabolism, DNA repair to aging. SIRT6 knockout (SIRT6-KO) mice display loss of muscle, fat and bone density, typical characteristics of cachexia. Here we report that SIRT6 depletion in cardiac as well as skeletal muscle cells promotes myostatin (Mstn) expression. We also observed upregulation of other factors implicated in muscle atrophy, such as angiotensin-II, activin and Acvr2b, in SIRT6 depleted cells. SIRT6-KO mice showed degenerated skeletal muscle phenotype with significant fibrosis, an effect consistent with increased levels of Mstn. Additionally, we observed that in an in vivo model of cancer cachexia, Mstn expression coupled with downregulation of SIRT6. Furthermore, SIRT6 overexpression downregulated the cytokine (TNFα-IFNγ)-induced Mstn expression in C2C12 cells, and promoted myogenesis. From the ChIP assay, we found that SIRT6 controls Mstn expression by attenuating NF-κB binding to the Mstn promoter. Together, these data suggest a novel role for SIRT6 in maintaining muscle mass by controlling expression of atrophic factors like Mstn and activin.
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Cumming KT, Raastad T, Sørstrøm A, Paronetto MP, Mercatelli N, Ugelstad I, Caporossi D, Paulsen G. Vitamin C and E supplementation does not affect heat shock proteins or endogenous antioxidants in trained skeletal muscles during 12 weeks of strength training. BMC Nutr 2017; 3:70. [PMID: 32153849 PMCID: PMC7050865 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-017-0185-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Supplementation with large doses of antioxidants, such as vitamin C and E, has been shown to blunt some adaptations to endurance training. The effects of antioxidant supplementation on adaptations to strength training is sparsely studied. Herein we investigated the effects of vitamin C and E supplementation on acute stress responses to exercise and adaptation to traditional heavy load strength training. Methods In a double blind placebo-controlled design, twenty-eight, young, trained males and females were randomly assigned to receive either vitamin C and E (C: 1000 mg, E: 235 mg, per day) or placebo supplements, and underwent strength training for 10 weeks. After five weeks, a subgroup conducted a strength training session to investigate acute stress responses. Muscle samples were obtained to investigate changes in stress responses and in proteins and mRNA related to the heat shock proteins (HSPs) or antioxidant enzymes. Results The acute responses to the exercise session revealed activation of the NFκB pathway indicated by degradation of IκBα in both groups. Vitamin C and E supplementation had, however, no effects on the acute stress responses. Furthermore, ten weeks of strength training did not change muscle αB-crystallin, HSP27, HSP70, GPx1 or mnSOD levels, with no influence of supplementation. Conclusions Our results showed that although vitamin C and E supplementation has been shown to interfere with training adaptations, it did not affect acute stress responses or long-term training adaptations in the HSPs or antioxidant enzymes in this study. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40795-017-0185-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- K T Cumming
- 1Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - T Raastad
- 1Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - A Sørstrøm
- 1Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - M P Paronetto
- 2Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - N Mercatelli
- 2Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - I Ugelstad
- 1Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - D Caporossi
- 2Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - G Paulsen
- 1Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian Olympic Sports Center, Oslo, Norway
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38
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Abstract
Muscle is primarily known for its mechanical roles in locomotion, maintenance of posture, and regulation of cardiac and respiratory function. There are numerous medical conditions that adversely affect muscle, myopathies that disrupt muscle development, regeneration and protein turnover to detrimental effect. Skeletal muscle is also a vital secretory organ that regulates thermogenesis, inflammatory signaling and directs context specific global metabolic changes in energy substrate preference on a daily basis. Myopathies differ in the causative factors that drive them but share common features including severe reduction in quality of life and significantly increased mortality all due irrefutably to the loss of muscle mass. Thus far clinically viable approaches for preserving muscle proteins and stimulating new muscle growth without unwanted side effects or limited efficacy has been elusive. Over the last few decades, evidence has emerged through in vitro and in vivo studies that suggest the nuclear receptors REV-ERB and ROR might modulate pathways involved in myogenesis and mitochondrial biogenesis. Hinting that REV-ERB and ROR might be targeted to treat myopathies. However there is still a need for substantial investigation into the roles of these nuclear receptors in in vivo rodent models of degenerative muscle diseases and acute injury. Although exciting, REV-ERB and ROR have somewhat confounding roles in muscle physiology and therefore more studies utilizing in vivo models of skeletal muscle myopathies are needed. In this review we highlight the molecular forces driving some of the major degenerative muscular diseases and showcase two promising molecular targets that may have the potential to treat myopathies: ROR and REV-ERB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D Welch
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States of America
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Transcriptomics, NF-κB Pathway, and Their Potential Spaceflight-Related Health Consequences. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18061166. [PMID: 28561779 PMCID: PMC5485990 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In space, living organisms are exposed to multiple stress factors including microgravity and space radiation. For humans, these harmful environmental factors have been known to cause negative health impacts such as bone loss and immune dysfunction. Understanding the mechanisms by which spaceflight impacts human health at the molecular level is critical not only for accurately assessing the risks associated with spaceflight, but also for developing effective countermeasures. Over the years, a number of studies have been conducted under real or simulated space conditions. RNA and protein levels in cellular and animal models have been targeted in order to identify pathways affected by spaceflight. Of the many pathways responsive to the space environment, the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) network appears to commonly be affected across many different cell types under the true or simulated spaceflight conditions. NF-κB is of particular interest, as it is associated with many of the spaceflight-related health consequences. This review intends to summarize the transcriptomics studies that identified NF-κB as a responsive pathway to ground-based simulated microgravity or the true spaceflight condition. These studies were carried out using either human cell or animal models. In addition, the review summarizes the studies that focused specifically on NF-κB pathway in specific cell types or organ tissues as related to the known spaceflight-related health risks including immune dysfunction, bone loss, muscle atrophy, central nerve system (CNS) dysfunction, and risks associated with space radiation. Whether the NF-κB pathway is activated or inhibited in space is dependent on the cell type, but the potential health impact appeared to be always negative. It is argued that more studies on NF-κB should be conducted to fully understand this particular pathway for the benefit of crew health in space.
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Chen X, Zhang L, Li J, Gao F, Zhou G. Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Change in Meat Quality of the Breast Muscle of Broilers Is Mediated by ROS Generation, Apoptosis, and Autophagy in the NF-κB Signal Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:3986-3994. [PMID: 28447793 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b01267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the relationship between meat quality and oxidative damage caused by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the breast muscle of broilers. Moreover, we explored the occurrence of apoptosis and autophagy, as well as the expression of NF-κB in these signaling pathways to provide evidence of possible oxidative damage mechanisms. The broilers received a basal diet and were randomly divided into five treatments (noninjected control, 0.75% saline-injected, and 2.5%, 5.0%, or 10.0% H2O2-injected treatments; 1.0 mL/kg in body weight). The results showed that oxidative stress induced by H2O2 had a negative effect on relative muscle weight, histomorphology, and redox status, while the underlying oxidative damage caused a decline in meat quality (decrease of pH24h, 10% H2O2 treatment; increase of shear force, 5% and 10% H2O2 treatments) of broilers. This could be attributed to the apoptosis and autophagy processes triggered by excessive reactive oxygen species that suppress the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxing Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University , No. 1 Weigan, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University , No. 1 Weigan, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Jiaolong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University , No. 1 Weigan, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Feng Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University , No. 1 Weigan, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Guanghong Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University , No. 1 Weigan, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
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Yin X, Tang Y, Li J, Dzuricky AT, Pu C, Fu F, Wang B. Genetic ablation of P65 subunit of NF‐κB in
mdx
mice to improve muscle physiological function. Muscle Nerve 2017; 56:759-767. [DOI: 10.1002/mus.25517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yin
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryUniversity of PittsburghSuite 216, Bridgeside Point II, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15219 USA
- Department of Geriatric NeurologyChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing China
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryUniversity of PittsburghSuite 216, Bridgeside Point II, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15219 USA
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryUniversity of PittsburghSuite 216, Bridgeside Point II, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15219 USA
- Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing China
| | - Anna T. Dzuricky
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryUniversity of PittsburghSuite 216, Bridgeside Point II, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15219 USA
| | - Chuanqiang Pu
- Department of Geriatric NeurologyChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing China
| | - Freddie Fu
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryUniversity of PittsburghSuite 216, Bridgeside Point II, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15219 USA
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryUniversity of PittsburghSuite 216, Bridgeside Point II, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15219 USA
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Donovan JM, Zimmer M, Offman E, Grant T, Jirousek M. A Novel NF-κB Inhibitor, Edasalonexent (CAT-1004), in Development as a Disease-Modifying Treatment for Patients With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Phase 1 Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics in Adult Subjects. J Clin Pharmacol 2017; 57:627-639. [PMID: 28074489 PMCID: PMC5412838 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), NF‐κB is activated in skeletal muscle from infancy regardless of the underlying dystrophin mutation and drives inflammation and muscle degeneration while inhibiting muscle regeneration. Edasalonexent (CAT‐1004) is a bifunctional orally administered small molecule that covalently links 2 compounds known to inhibit NF‐κB, salicylic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Edasalonexent is designed to inhibit activated NF‐κB upon intracellular cleavage to these bioactive components. Preclinical data demonstrate disease‐modifying activity in DMD animal models. Three placebo‐controlled studies in adult subjects assessed the safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of single or multiple edasalonexent doses up to 6000 mg. Seventy‐nine adult subjects received edasalonexent, and 25 received placebo. Pharmacokinetic results were consistent with the intracellular cleavage of edasalonexent to its active components. Food increased plasma exposures of edasalonexent and salicyluric acid, an intracellularly formed metabolite of salicylic acid. The NF‐κB pathway and proteosome gene expression profiles in peripheral mononuclear cells were significantly decreased (P = .02 and P = .002, respectively) after 2 weeks of edasalonexent treatment. NF‐κB activity was inhibited following a single dose of edasalonexent but not by equimolar doses of salicylic acid and DHA. Edasalonexent was well tolerated, and the most common adverse events were mild diarrhea and headache. In first‐in‐human studies, edasalonexent was safe, well tolerated, and inhibited activated NF‐κB pathways, suggesting potential therapeutic utility in DMD regardless of the causative dystrophin mutation, as well as other NF‐κB–mediated diseases.
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Townsend JR, Stout JR, Jajtner AR, Church DD, Beyer KS, Oliveira LP, La Monica MB, Riffe JJ, Muddle TWD, Baker KM, Fukuda DH, Roberts MD, Hoffman JR. Resistance exercise increases intramuscular NF-κb signaling in untrained males. Eur J Appl Physiol 2016; 116:2103-2111. [PMID: 27582262 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-016-3463-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The NF-κB signaling pathway regulates multiple cellular processes following exercise stress. This study aims to examine the effects of an acute lower-body resistance exercise protocol and subsequent recovery on intramuscular NF-κB signaling. METHODS Twenty-eight untrained males were assigned to either a control (CON; n = 11) or exercise group (EX; n = 17) and completed a lower-body resistance exercise protocol consisting of the back squat, leg press, and leg extension exercises. Skeletal muscle microbiopsies were obtained from the vastus lateralis pre-exercise (PRE), 1-hour (1H), 5-hours (5H), and 48-hours (48H) post-resistance exercise. Multiplex signaling assay kits (EMD Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA) were used to quantify the total protein (TNFR1, c-Myc) or phosphorylation status of proteins belonging to the NF-κB signaling pathway (IKKa/b, IkBα, NF-κB) using multiplex protein assay. Repeated measures ANOVA analysis was used to determine the effects of the exercise bout on intramuscular signaling at each time point. Additionally, change scores were analyzed by magnitude based inferences to determine a mechanistic interpretation. RESULTS Repeated measures ANOVA indicated a trend for a two-way interaction between the EX and CON Group (p = 0.064) for c-Myc post resistance exercise. Magnitude based inference analysis suggest a "Very Likely" increase in total c-Myc from PRE-5H and a "Likely" increase in IkBα phosphorylation from PRE-5H post-resistance exercise. CONCLUSION Results indicated that c-Myc transcription factor is elevated following acute intense resistance exercise in untrained males. Future studies should examine the role that post-resistance exercise NF-κβ signaling plays in c-Myc induction, ribosome biogenesis and skeletal muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy R Townsend
- Exercise and Nutrition Science Graduate Program, Lipscomb University, Nashville, TN, 37215, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Stout
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA.
| | - Adam R Jajtner
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - David D Church
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Kyle S Beyer
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Leonardo P Oliveira
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Michael B La Monica
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Joshua J Riffe
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Tyler W D Muddle
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Kayla M Baker
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - David H Fukuda
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Michael D Roberts
- Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Jay R Hoffman
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
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Coelho Junior HJ, Gambassi BB, Diniz TA, Fernandes IMDC, Caperuto ÉC, Uchida MC, Lira FS, Rodrigues B. Inflammatory Mechanisms Associated with Skeletal Muscle Sequelae after Stroke: Role of Physical Exercise. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:3957958. [PMID: 27647951 PMCID: PMC5018330 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3957958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory markers are increased systematically and locally (e.g., skeletal muscle) in stroke patients. Besides being associated with cardiovascular risk factors, proinflammatory cytokines seem to play a key role in muscle atrophy by regulating the pathways involved in this condition. As such, they may cause severe decrease in muscle strength and power, as well as impairment in cardiorespiratory fitness. On the other hand, physical exercise (PE) has been widely suggested as a powerful tool for treating stroke patients, since PE is able to regenerate, even if partially, physical and cognitive functions. However, the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of physical exercise in poststroke patients remain poorly understood. Thus, in this study we analyze the candidate mechanisms associated with muscle atrophy in stroke patients, as well as the modulatory effect of inflammation in this condition. Later, we suggest the two strongest anti-inflammatory candidate mechanisms, myokines and the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, which may be activated by physical exercise and may contribute to a decrease in proinflammatory markers of poststroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tiego Aparecido Diniz
- Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 19060-900 Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Isabela Maia da Cruz Fernandes
- Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 19060-900 Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Érico Chagas Caperuto
- Human Movement Laboratory, São Judas Tadeu University (USJT), 03166-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marco Carlos Uchida
- Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-851 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabio Santos Lira
- Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 19060-900 Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Rodrigues
- Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-851 Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Kizilarslanoglu MC, Kuyumcu ME, Yesil Y, Halil M. Sarcopenia in critically ill patients. J Anesth 2016; 30:884-90. [PMID: 27376823 DOI: 10.1007/s00540-016-2211-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia occurring as a primary consequence of aging and secondary due to certain medical problems including chronic disease, malnutrition and inactivity is a progressive generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength and function. The prevalence of sarcopenia increases with aging (approximately 5-13 % in the sixth and seventh decades). However, data showing the prevalence and clinical outcomes of sarcopenia in intensive care units (ICUs) are limited. A similar condition to sarcopenia in the ICU, called ICU-acquired weakness (ICU-AW), has been reported more frequently. Here, we aim to examine the importance of sarcopenia, especially ICU-AW, in ICU patients via related articles in Medline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet C Kizilarslanoglu
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, 06100, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet E Kuyumcu
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Yesil
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meltem Halil
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
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Egawa T, Ohno Y, Goto A, Sugiura T, Ohira Y, Yoshioka T, Hayashi T, Goto K. Caffeine Affects Myotube Size As Well As Regulates Protein Degradation and Protein Synthesis Pathways in C2C12 Skeletal Muscle Cells. JOURNAL OF CAFFEINE RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1089/jcr.2015.0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuro Egawa
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Toyohashi SOZO University, Toyohashi, Japan
- Laboratory of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Ohno
- Laboratory of Physiology, School of Health Sciences, Toyohashi SOZO University, Toyohashi, Japan
| | - Ayumi Goto
- Laboratory of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takao Sugiura
- Department of Exercise and Sports Physiology, Faculty of Education, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Ohira
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Tatsuya Hayashi
- Laboratory of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Katsumasa Goto
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Toyohashi SOZO University, Toyohashi, Japan
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47
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Greiwe L, Vinck M, Suhr F. The muscle contraction mode determines lymphangiogenesis differentially in rat skeletal and cardiac muscles by modifying local lymphatic extracellular matrix microenvironments. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2016; 217:61-79. [PMID: 26601802 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM Lymphatic vessels are of special importance for tissue homeostasis, and increases of their density may foster tissue regeneration. Exercise could be a relevant tool to increase lymphatic vessel density (LVD); however, a significant lack of knowledge remains to understand lymphangiogenesis in skeletal muscles upon training. Interestingly, training-induced lymphangiogenesis has never been studied in the heart. We studied lymphangiogenesis and LVD upon chronic concentric and chronic eccentric muscle contractions in both rat skeletal (Mm. Edl and Sol) and cardiac muscles. METHODS/RESULTS We found that LVD decreased in both skeletal muscles specifically upon eccentric training, while this contraction increased LVD in cardiac tissue. These observations were supported by opposing local remodelling of lymphatic vessel-specific extracellular matrix components in skeletal and cardiac muscles and protein levels of lymphatic markers (Lyve-1, Pdpn, Vegf-C/D). Confocal microscopy further revealed transformations of lymphatic vessels into vessels expressing both blood (Cav-1) and lymphatic (Vegfr-3) markers upon eccentric training specifically in skeletal muscles. In addition and phenotype supportive, we found increased inflammation (NF-κB/p65, Il-1β, Ifn-γ, Tnf-α and MPO(+) cells) in eccentrically stressed skeletal, but decreased levels in cardiac muscles. CONCLUSION Our data provide novel mechanistic insights into lymphangiogenic processes in skeletal and cardiac muscles upon chronic muscle contraction modes and demonstrate that both tissues adapt in opposing manners specifically to eccentric training. These data are highly relevant for clinical applications, because eccentric training serves as a sufficient strategy to increase LVD and to decrease inflammation in cardiac tissue, for example in order to reduce tissue abortion in transplantation settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Greiwe
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine; Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine; German Sport University Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - M. Vinck
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine; Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine; German Sport University Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - F. Suhr
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine; Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine; German Sport University Cologne; Cologne Germany
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48
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Espín-Palazón R, Traver D. The NF-κB family: Key players during embryonic development and HSC emergence. Exp Hematol 2016; 44:519-27. [PMID: 27132652 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2016.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) family is a crucial transcription factor group known mainly for its role in the regulation of the immune system and its response to infection in vertebrates. The signaling pathway leading to NF-κB activation and translocation to the nucleus to exert its function as a transcription factor is well conserved among Kingdom Animalia, which has helped to elucidate other roles that NF-κB plays in other biological contexts such as developmental biology. The manipulation of NF-κB members in a diverse range of animal models results in severe developmental defects during embryogenesis, very often leading to embryonic lethality. Defects include dorsal-ventral patterning and limb, liver, skin, lung, neural, notochord, muscle, skeletal, and hematopoietic defects. Here, we recapitulate the research that has been done to address the role that NF-κB plays during embryonic development, in particular to emphasize its recently discovered role in the specification of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), the foundation of the hematopoietic system in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Espín-Palazón
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - David Traver
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA.
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49
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Domingues-Faria C, Vasson MP, Goncalves-Mendes N, Boirie Y, Walrand S. Skeletal muscle regeneration and impact of aging and nutrition. Ageing Res Rev 2016; 26:22-36. [PMID: 26690801 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
After skeletal muscle injury a regeneration process takes place to repair muscle. Skeletal muscle recovery is a highly coordinated process involving cross-talk between immune and muscle cells. It is well known that the physiological activities of both immune cells and muscle stem cells decline with advancing age, thereby blunting the capacity of skeletal muscle to regenerate. The age-related reduction in muscle repair efficiency contributes to the development of sarcopenia, one of the most important factors of disability in elderly people. Preserving muscle regeneration capacity may slow the development of this syndrome. In this context, nutrition has drawn much attention: studies have demonstrated that nutrients such as amino acids, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, polyphenols and vitamin D can improve skeletal muscle regeneration by targeting key functions of immune cells, muscle cells or both. Here we review the process of skeletal muscle regeneration with a special focus on the cross-talk between immune and muscle cells. We address the effect of aging on immune and skeletal muscle cells involved in muscle regeneration. Finally, the mechanisms of nutrient action on muscle regeneration are described, showing that quality of nutrition may help to preserve the capacity for skeletal muscle regeneration with age.
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50
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Vu CB, Bemis JE, Benson E, Bista P, Carney D, Fahrner R, Lee D, Liu F, Lonkar P, Milne JC, Nichols AJ, Picarella D, Shoelson A, Smith J, Ting A, Wensley A, Yeager M, Zimmer M, Jirousek MR. Synthesis and Characterization of Fatty Acid Conjugates of Niacin and Salicylic Acid. J Med Chem 2016; 59:1217-31. [PMID: 26784936 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
This report describes the synthesis and preliminary biological characterization of novel fatty acid niacin conjugates and fatty acid salicylate conjugates. These molecular entities were created by covalently linking two bioactive molecules, either niacin or salicylic acid, to an omega-3 fatty acid. This methodology allows the simultaneous intracellular delivery of two bioactives in order to elicit a pharmacological response that could not be replicated by administering the bioactives individually or in combination. The fatty acid niacin conjugate 5 has been shown to be an inhibitor of the sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP), a key regulator of cholesterol metabolism proteins such as PCSK9, HMG-CoA reductase, ATP citrate lyase, and NPC1L1. On the other hand, the fatty acid salicylate conjugate 11 has been shown to have a unique anti-inflammatory profile based on its ability to modulate the NF-κB pathway through the intracellular release of the two bioactives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi B Vu
- Catabasis Pharmaceuticals , One Kendall Square, Suite B14202, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jean E Bemis
- Catabasis Pharmaceuticals , One Kendall Square, Suite B14202, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Ericka Benson
- Catabasis Pharmaceuticals , One Kendall Square, Suite B14202, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Pradeep Bista
- Catabasis Pharmaceuticals , One Kendall Square, Suite B14202, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - David Carney
- Catabasis Pharmaceuticals , One Kendall Square, Suite B14202, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Richard Fahrner
- Catabasis Pharmaceuticals , One Kendall Square, Suite B14202, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Diana Lee
- Catabasis Pharmaceuticals , One Kendall Square, Suite B14202, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Feng Liu
- Catabasis Pharmaceuticals , One Kendall Square, Suite B14202, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Pallavi Lonkar
- Catabasis Pharmaceuticals , One Kendall Square, Suite B14202, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jill C Milne
- Catabasis Pharmaceuticals , One Kendall Square, Suite B14202, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Andrew J Nichols
- Catabasis Pharmaceuticals , One Kendall Square, Suite B14202, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Dominic Picarella
- Catabasis Pharmaceuticals , One Kendall Square, Suite B14202, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Adam Shoelson
- Catabasis Pharmaceuticals , One Kendall Square, Suite B14202, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jesse Smith
- Catabasis Pharmaceuticals , One Kendall Square, Suite B14202, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Amal Ting
- Catabasis Pharmaceuticals , One Kendall Square, Suite B14202, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Allison Wensley
- Catabasis Pharmaceuticals , One Kendall Square, Suite B14202, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Maisy Yeager
- Catabasis Pharmaceuticals , One Kendall Square, Suite B14202, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Michael Zimmer
- Catabasis Pharmaceuticals , One Kendall Square, Suite B14202, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Michael R Jirousek
- Catabasis Pharmaceuticals , One Kendall Square, Suite B14202, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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