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Beiter T, Zügel M, Hudemann J, Schild M, Fragasso A, Burgstahler C, Krüger K, Mooren FC, Steinacker JM, Nieß AM. The Acute, Short-, and Long-Term Effects of Endurance Exercise on Skeletal Muscle Transcriptome Profiles. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2881. [PMID: 38474128 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
A better understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that are involved in skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise is fundamentally important to take full advantage of the enormous benefits that exercise training offers in disease prevention and therapy. The aim of this study was to elucidate the transcriptional signatures that distinguish the endurance-trained and untrained muscles in young adult males (24 ± 3.5 years). We characterized baseline differences as well as acute exercise-induced transcriptome responses in vastus lateralis biopsy specimens of endurance-trained athletes (ET; n = 8; VO2max, 67.2 ± 8.9 mL/min/kg) and sedentary healthy volunteers (SED; n = 8; VO2max, 40.3 ± 7.6 mL/min/kg) using microarray technology. A second cohort of SED volunteers (SED-T; n = 10) followed an 8-week endurance training program to assess expression changes of selected marker genes in the course of skeletal muscle adaptation. We deciphered differential baseline signatures that reflected major differences in the oxidative and metabolic capacity of the endurance-trained and untrained muscles. SED-T individuals in the training group displayed an up-regulation of nodal regulators of oxidative adaptation after 3 weeks of training and a significant shift toward the ET signature after 8 weeks. Transcriptome changes provoked by 1 h of intense cycling exercise only poorly overlapped with the genes that constituted the differential baseline signature of ETs and SEDs. Overall, acute exercise-induced transcriptional responses were connected to pathways of contractile, oxidative, and inflammatory stress and revealed a complex and highly regulated framework of interwoven signaling cascades to cope with exercise-provoked homeostatic challenges. While temporal transcriptional programs that were activated in SEDs and ETs were quite similar, the quantitative divergence in the acute response transcriptomes implicated divergent kinetics of gene induction and repression following an acute bout of exercise. Together, our results provide an extensive examination of the transcriptional framework that underlies skeletal muscle plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Beiter
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Clinic, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martina Zügel
- Department of Sport and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Jens Hudemann
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Clinic, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marius Schild
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, University of Gießen, 35394 Gießen, Germany
| | - Annunziata Fragasso
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Clinic, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christof Burgstahler
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Clinic, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karsten Krüger
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, University of Gießen, 35394 Gießen, Germany
| | - Frank C Mooren
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Witten/Herdecke, 58455 Witten, Germany
| | - Jürgen M Steinacker
- Department of Sport and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Andreas M Nieß
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Clinic, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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2
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Song S, Yu J. Identification of the shared genes in type 2 diabetes mellitus and osteoarthritis and the role of quercetin. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18127. [PMID: 38332532 PMCID: PMC10853600 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the underlying comorbidity mechanism between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and osteoarthritis (OA), while also assessing the therapeutic potential of quercetin for early intervention and treatment of these two diseases. The shared genes were obtained through GEO2R, limma and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and validated using clinical databases and the area under the curves (ROC). Functional enrichment analysis was conducted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of comorbidity between T2DM and OA. The infiltration of immune cells was analysed using the CIBERSORT algorithm in conjunction with ESTIMATE algorithm. Subsequently, transcriptional regulation analysis, potential chemical prediction, gene-disease association, relationships between the shared genes and ferroptosis as well as immunity-related genes were investigated along with molecular docking. We identified the 12 shared genes (EPHA3, RASIP1, PENK, LRRC17, CEBPB, EFEMP2, UBAP1, PPP1R15A, SPEN, MAFF, GADD45B and KLF4) across the four datasets. Our predictions suggested that targeting these shared genes could potentially serve as therapeutic interventions for both T2DM and OA. Specifically, they are involved in key signalling pathways such as p53, IL-17, NF-kB and MAPK signalling pathways. Furthermore, the regulation of ferroptosis and immunity appears to be interconnected in both diseases. Notably, in this context quercetin emerges as a promising drug candidate for treating T2DM and OA by specifically targeting the shared genes. We conducted a bioinformatics analysis to identify potential therapeutic targets, mechanisms and drugs for T2DM and OA, thereby offering novel insights into molecular therapy for these two diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Song
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsuChina
- Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsuChina
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese MedicineAffiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Jiangyi Yu
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsuChina
- Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsuChina
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese MedicineAffiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsuChina
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3
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Cao X, An J, Zhu S, Feng M, Gang Y, Wen C, Hu B. Nuclear factor E2-associated factor 2 and musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma K mediate regulation glutathione peroxidase of Cristaria plicata after microcystin-induced oxidative stress. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 273:109742. [PMID: 37689170 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear factor E2-associated factor 2 (Nrf2)/Antioxidant Response Element (ARE) signaling pathway is an endogenous antioxidant pathway that protects cells from oxidative damage. This pathway is triggered when aquatic organisms are exposed to environmental toxicants. In this study, CpMafK (musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma K of Cristaria plicata) mRNA expression in hepatopancreas and gills were up regulated after Cristaria plicata (C. plicata) was exposed to microcystin (MC), which showed that CpMafK protected C. plicata from MC. After MC treatment and CpNrf2 (Nrf2 of Cristaria plicata) knockdown, the mRNA expression of CpMafK was down regulated. After MC treatment and CpMafK knockdown, the mRNA expression of CpNrf2 was down regulated. Indicating that the expression of CpNrf2 was positively correlated with CpMafK. CpGPx (GPx of Cristaria plicata) mRNA was also down regulated with the down regulation of CpMafK and CpNrf2. CpGPx promoter contains a variety of transcription factor binding sites, including Nrf2, ARE elements, etc. Gel blocking experiments showed that CpNrf2/CpMafK heterodimers were bound to CpGPx promoters in vitro. Dual luciferase reporter assay showed that CpNrf2/CpMafK heterodimer negatively regulated CpGPx promoter in cells. In conclusion, Nrf2 and MafK mediate regulation of GPx play a crucial role in protecting bivalves from MC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Cao
- College of Life Science, Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Jinhua An
- College of Life Science, Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Shanshan Zhu
- College of Life Science, Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Maolin Feng
- College of Life Science, Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Yang Gang
- College of Life Science, Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Chungen Wen
- College of Life Science, Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
| | - Baoqing Hu
- College of Life Science, Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
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Liu ZB, Zhang JB, Li SP, Yu WJ, Pei N, Jia HT, Li Z, Lv WF, Wang J, Kim NH, Yuan B, Jiang H. ID3 regulates progesterone synthesis in bovine cumulus cells through modulation of mitochondrial function. Theriogenology 2023; 209:141-150. [PMID: 37393744 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
DNA binding inhibitory factor 3 (ID3) has been shown to have a key role in maintaining proliferation and differentiation. It has been suggested that ID3 may also affect mammalian ovarian function. However, the specific roles and mechanisms are unclear. In this study, the expression level of ID3 in cumulus cells (CCs) was inhibited by siRNA, and the downstream regulatory network of ID3 was uncovered by high-throughput sequencing. The effects of ID3 inhibition on mitochondrial function, progesterone synthesis, and oocyte maturation were further explored. The GO and KEGG analysis results showed that after ID3 inhibition, differentially expressed genes, including StAR, CYP11A1, and HSD3B1, were involved in cholesterol-related processes and progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation. Apoptosis in CC was increased, while the phosphorylation level of ERK1/2 was inhibited. During this process, mitochondrial dynamics and function were disrupted. In addition, the first polar body extrusion rate, ATP production and antioxidation capacity were reduced, which suggested that ID3 inhibition led to poor oocyte maturation and quality. The results will provide a new basis for understanding the biological roles of ID3 as well as cumulus cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Bin Liu
- Department of Laboratory Animals, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Bao Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Animals, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Peng Li
- Department of Laboratory Animals, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Jie Yu
- Department of Laboratory Animals, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Pei
- Department of Laboratory Animals, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Tao Jia
- Department of Laboratory Animals, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze Li
- Department of Laboratory Animals, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Fa Lv
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, People's Republic of China
| | - Nam-Hyung Kim
- Department of Laboratory Animals, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China; Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Bao Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Animals, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hao Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Animals, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China.
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Nishihara K, van Niekerk J, Innes D, He Z, Cánovas A, Guan LL, Steele M. Transcriptome profiling revealed that key rumen epithelium functions change in relation to short-chain fatty acids and rumen epithelium-attached microbiota during the weaning transition. Genomics 2023; 115:110664. [PMID: 37286013 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2023.110664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to characterize the functional changes of the rumen epithelium associated with ruminal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentration and epithelium-attached microbes during the weaning transition in dairy calves. Ruminal SCFA concentrations were determined, and transcriptome and microbiota profiling in biopsied rumen papillae were obtained from Holstein calves before and after weaning using RNA- and amplicon sequencing. Metabolic pathway analysis showed that pathways related to SCFA metabolism and cell apoptosis were up- and down-regulated postweaning, respectively. Functional analysis showed that genes related to SCFA absorption, metabolism, and protective roles against oxidative stress were positively correlated with ruminal SCFA concentrations. The relative abundance of epithelium-attached Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group and Campylobacter was positively correlated with genes involved in SCFA absorption and metabolism, suggesting that these microbes can cooperatively affect host functions. Future research should examine the contribution of attenuated apoptosis on rumen epithelial functional shifts during the weaning transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Nishihara
- Department of Animal Biosciences, Animal Science and Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 1Y2, Canada
| | - Jolet van Niekerk
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - David Innes
- Department of Animal Biosciences, Animal Science and Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 1Y2, Canada
| | - Zhixiong He
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Angela Cánovas
- Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Le Luo Guan
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Michael Steele
- Department of Animal Biosciences, Animal Science and Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 1Y2, Canada.
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6
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Li G, Yu X, Portela Fontoura AB, Javaid A, de la Maza-Escolà VS, Salandy NS, Fubini SL, Grilli E, McFadden JW, Duan JE. Transcriptomic regulations of heat stress response in the liver of lactating dairy cows. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:410. [PMID: 37474909 PMCID: PMC10360291 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09484-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global dairy industry is currently facing the challenge of heat stress (HS). Despite the implementation of various measures to mitigate the negative impact of HS on milk production, the cellular response of dairy cows to HS is still not well understood. Our study aims to analyze transcriptomic dynamics and functional changes in the liver of cows subjected to heat stress (HS). To achieve this, a total of 9 Holstein dairy cows were randomly selected from three environmental conditions - heat stress (HS), pair-fed (PF), and thermoneutral (TN) groups - and liver biopsies were obtained for transcriptome analysis. RESULTS Both the dry matter intake (DMI) and milk yield of cows in the HS group exhibited significant reduction compared to the TN group. Through liver transcriptomic analysis, 483 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified among three experimental groups. Especially, we found all the protein coding genes in mitochondria were significantly downregulated under HS and 6 heat shock proteins were significant upregulated after HS exposure, indicating HS may affect mitochondria integrity and jeopardize the metabolic homeostasis in liver. Furthermore, Gene ontology (GO) enrichment of DEGs revealed that the protein folding pathway was upregulated while oxidative phosphorylation was downregulated in the HS group, corresponding to impaired energy production caused by mitochondria dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS The liver transcriptome analysis generated a comprehensive gene expression regulation network upon HS in lactating dairy cows. Overall, this study provides novel insights into molecular and metabolic changes of cows conditioned under HS. The key genes and pathways identified in this study provided further understanding of transcriptome regulation of HS response and could serve as vital references to mitigate the HS effects on dairy cow health and productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangsheng Li
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, 14853, USA
| | - Xingtan Yu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, 14853, USA
| | - Ananda B Portela Fontoura
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, 14853, USA
| | - Awais Javaid
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, 14853, USA
| | - Víctor Sáinz de la Maza-Escolà
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, 14853, USA
- Dipartamento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, 40064, Italy
| | - Nia S Salandy
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, 14853, USA
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, 36088, USA
| | - Susan L Fubini
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, 14853, USA
| | - Ester Grilli
- Dipartamento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, 40064, Italy
- VetAgro S.p.A, Reggio Emilia, 42124, Italy
| | - Joseph W McFadden
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, 14853, USA.
| | - Jingyue Ellie Duan
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, 14853, USA.
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7
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Aczél T, Benczik B, Ágg B, Körtési T, Urbán P, Bauer W, Gyenesei A, Tuka B, Tajti J, Ferdinandy P, Vécsei L, Bölcskei K, Kun J, Helyes Z. Disease- and headache-specific microRNA signatures and their predicted mRNA targets in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in migraineurs: role of inflammatory signalling and oxidative stress. J Headache Pain 2022; 23:113. [PMID: 36050647 PMCID: PMC9438144 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-022-01478-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Migraine is a primary headache with genetic susceptibility, but the pathophysiological mechanisms are poorly understood, and it remains an unmet medical need. Earlier we demonstrated significant differences in the transcriptome of migraineurs' PBMCs (peripheral blood mononuclear cells), suggesting the role of neuroinflammation and mitochondrial dysfunctions. Post-transcriptional gene expression is regulated by miRNA (microRNA), a group of short non-coding RNAs that are emerging biomarkers, drug targets, or drugs. MiRNAs are emerging biomarkers and therapeutics; however, little is known about the miRNA transcriptome in migraine, and a systematic comparative analysis has not been performed so far in migraine patients. METHODS We determined miRNA expression of migraineurs' PBMC during (ictal) and between (interictal) headaches compared to age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers. Small RNA sequencing was performed from the PBMC, and mRNA targets of miRNAs were predicted using a network theoretical approach by miRNAtarget.com™. Predicted miRNA targets were investigated by Gene Ontology enrichment analysis and validated by comparing network metrics to differentially expressed mRNA data. RESULTS In the interictal PBMC samples 31 miRNAs were differentially expressed (DE) in comparison to healthy controls, including hsa-miR-5189-3p, hsa-miR-96-5p, hsa-miR-3613-5p, hsa-miR-99a-3p, hsa-miR-542-3p. During headache attacks, the top DE miRNAs as compared to the self-control samples in the interictal phase were hsa-miR-3202, hsa-miR-7855-5p, hsa-miR-6770-3p, hsa-miR-1538, and hsa-miR-409-5p. MiRNA-mRNA target prediction and pathway analysis indicated several mRNAs related to immune and inflammatory responses (toll-like receptor and cytokine receptor signalling), neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, also confirmed by mRNA transcriptomics. CONCLUSIONS We provide here the first evidence for disease- and headache-specific miRNA signatures in the PBMC of migraineurs, which might help to identify novel targets for both prophylaxis and attack therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timea Aczél
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School & Szentágothai Research Centre, Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Bettina Benczik
- Cardiometabolic and MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Bence Ágg
- Cardiometabolic and MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamás Körtési
- MTA-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Studies, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Urbán
- Szentágothai Research Centre, Bioinformatics Research Group, Genomics and Bioinformatics Core Facility, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Witold Bauer
- Szentágothai Research Centre, Bioinformatics Research Group, Genomics and Bioinformatics Core Facility, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Attila Gyenesei
- Szentágothai Research Centre, Bioinformatics Research Group, Genomics and Bioinformatics Core Facility, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Bernadett Tuka
- MTA-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Studies, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - János Tajti
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Cardiometabolic and MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Vécsei
- MTA-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kata Bölcskei
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School & Szentágothai Research Centre, Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - József Kun
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School & Szentágothai Research Centre, Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Szentágothai Research Centre, Bioinformatics Research Group, Genomics and Bioinformatics Core Facility, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Helyes
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School & Szentágothai Research Centre, Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary. .,PharmInVivo Ltd., Pécs, Hungary. .,Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti út 12, 7624, Pécs, Hungary.
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8
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Du H, Yin Z, Zhao Y, Li H, Dai B, Fan J, He M, Nie X, Wang CY, Wang DW, Chen C. miR-320a induces pancreatic β cells dysfunction in diabetes by inhibiting MafF. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 26:444-457. [PMID: 34631276 PMCID: PMC8479292 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
A variety of studies indicate that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in diabetes. However, the direct role of miR-320a in the pathophysiology of pancreatic β cells under diabetes mellitus remains unclear. In the current study, islet transplantation and hyperglycemic clamp assays were performed in miR-320a transgenic mice to explore the effects of miR-320a on pancreatic β cells in vivo. Meanwhile, β cell-specific overexpression or inhibition of miR-320a was delivered by adeno-associated virus (AAV8). In vitro, overexpression or downregulation of miR-320a was introduced in cultured rat islet tumor cells (INS1). RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (RIP-Seq), luciferase reporter assay, and western blotting were performed to identify the target genes. Results showed that miR-320a was increased in the pancreatic β cells from high-fat-diet (HFD)-treated mice. Overexpression of miR-320a could not only deteriorate the HFD-induced pancreatic islet dysfunction, but also initiate pancreatic islet dysfunction spontaneously in vivo. Meanwhile, miR-320a increased the ROS level, inhibited proliferation, and induced apoptosis of cultured β cells in vitro. Finally, we identified that MafF was the target of miR-320a that responsible for the dysfunction of pancreatic β cells. Our data suggested that miR-320a could damage the pancreatic β cells directly and might be a potential therapeutic target of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengzhi Du
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave., Wuhan 430030, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhongwei Yin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave., Wuhan 430030, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yanru Zhao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave., Wuhan 430030, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Huaping Li
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave., Wuhan 430030, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Beibei Dai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave., Wuhan 430030, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jiahui Fan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave., Wuhan 430030, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Mengying He
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave., Wuhan 430030, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiang Nie
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave., Wuhan 430030, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Cong-Yi Wang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave., Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave., Wuhan 430030, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave., Wuhan 430030, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China
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9
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Hamad M, Mohammed AK, Hachim MY, Mukhopadhy D, Khalique A, Laham A, Dhaiban S, Bajbouj K, Taneera J. Heme Oxygenase-1 (HMOX-1) and inhibitor of differentiation proteins (ID1, ID3) are key response mechanisms against iron-overload in pancreatic β-cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 538:111462. [PMID: 34547407 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Iron overload promotes the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Pancreatic β-cells can counter oxidative stress through multiple anti-oxidant responses. Herein, RNA-sequencing was used to describe the expression profile of iron regulatory genes in human islets with or without diabetes. Functional experiments including siRNA silencing, qPCR, western blotting, cell viability, ELISA and RNA-sequencing were performed as means of identifying the genetic signature of the protective response following iron overload-induced stress in human islets and INS-1. FTH1 and FTL genes were highly expressed in human islets and INS-1 cells, while hepcidin (HAMP) was low. FXN, DMT1 and FTHL1 genes were differentially expressed in diabetic islets compared to control. Silencing of Hamp in INS-1 cells impaired insulin secretion and influenced the expression of β-cell key genes. RNA-sequencing analysis in iron overloaded INS-1 cells identified Id1 and Id3 as the top down-regulated genes, while Hmox1 was the top upregulated. Expression of ID1, ID3 and HMOX1 was validated at the protein level in INS-1 cells and human islets. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched for TGF-β, regulating stem cells, ferroptosis, and HIF-1 signaling. Hmox1-silenced cells treated with FAC elevated the expression of Id1 and Id3 expression than untreated cells. Our findings suggest that HMOX1, ID1 and ID3 define the response mechanism against iron-overload-induced stress in β-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mawieh Hamad
- Department of Medical Lab. Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdul Khader Mohammed
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mahmood Y Hachim
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Debasmita Mukhopadhy
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anila Khalique
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amina Laham
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sarah Dhaiban
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khuloud Bajbouj
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jalal Taneera
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates.
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10
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Shinzato C, Takeuchi T, Yoshioka Y, Tada I, Kanda M, Broussard C, Iguchi A, Kusakabe M, Marin F, Satoh N, Inoue M. Whole-Genome Sequencing Highlights Conservative Genomic Strategies of a Stress-Tolerant, Long-Lived Scleractinian Coral, Porites australiensis Vaughan, 1918. Genome Biol Evol 2021; 13:6456307. [PMID: 34878117 PMCID: PMC8691061 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evab270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Massive corals of the genus Porites, common, keystone reef builders in the Indo-Pacific Ocean, are distinguished by their relative stress tolerance and longevity. In order to identify genetic bases of these attributes, we sequenced the complete genome of a massive coral, Porites australiensis. We developed a genome assembly and gene models of comparable quality to those of other coral genomes. Proteome analysis identified 60 Porites skeletal matrix protein genes, all of which show significant similarities to genes from other corals and even to those from a sea anemone, which has no skeleton. Nonetheless, 30% of its skeletal matrix proteins were unique to Porites and were not present in the skeletons of other corals. Comparative genomic analyses showed that genes widely conserved among other organisms are selectively expanded in Porites. Specifically, comparisons of transcriptomic responses of P. australiensis and Acropora digitifera, a stress-sensitive coral, reveal significant differences in regard to genes that respond to increased water temperature, and some of the genes expanded exclusively in Porites may account for the different thermal tolerances of these corals. Taken together, widely shared genes may have given rise to unique biological characteristics of Porites, massive skeletons and stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuya Shinzato
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takeshi Takeuchi
- Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshioka
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan.,Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ipputa Tada
- Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Miyuki Kanda
- DNA Sequencing Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, Japan
| | | | - Akira Iguchi
- Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | - Frédéric Marin
- Biogéosciences, Bâtiment des Sciences Gabriel, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Noriyuki Satoh
- Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Mayuri Inoue
- Division of Earth Science, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Japan
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11
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The Coffee Diterpene, Kahweol, Ameliorates Pancreatic β-Cell Function in Streptozotocin (STZ)-Treated Rat INS-1 Cells through NF-kB and p-AKT/Bcl-2 Pathways. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175167. [PMID: 34500601 PMCID: PMC8434527 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Kahweol is a diterpene molecule found in coffee that exhibits a wide range of biological activity, including anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. However, the impact of kahweol on pancreatic β-cells is not known. Herein, by using clonal rat INS-1 (832/13) cells, we performed several functional experiments including; cell viability, apoptosis analysis, insulin secretion and glucose uptake measurements, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, as well as western blotting analysis to investigate the potential role of kahweol pre-treatment on damage induced by streptozotocin (STZ) treatment. INS-1 cells pre-incubated with different concentrations of kahweol (2.5 and 5 µM) for 24 h, then exposed to STZ (3 mmol/L) for 3 h reversed the STZ-induced effect on cell viability, apoptosis, insulin content, and secretion in addition to glucose uptake and ROS production. Furthermore, Western blot analysis showed that kahweol downregulated STZ-induced nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and the antioxidant proteins, Heme Oxygenase-1 (HMOX-1), and Inhibitor of DNA binding and cell differentiation (Id) proteins (ID1, ID3) while upregulated protein expression of insulin (INS), p-AKT and B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2). In conclusion, our study suggested that kahweol has anti-diabetic properties on pancreatic β-cells by suppressing STZ induced apoptosis, increasing insulin secretion and glucose uptake. Targeting NF-κB, p-AKT, and BCL-2 in addition to antioxidant proteins ID1, ID3, and HMOX-1 are possible implicated mechanisms.
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12
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Chan JY, Bensellam M, Lin RCY, Liang C, Lee K, Jonas JC, Laybutt DR. Transcriptome analysis of islets from diabetes-resistant and diabetes-prone obese mice reveals novel gene regulatory networks involved in beta-cell compensation and failure. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21608. [PMID: 33977593 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100009r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms underpinning beta-cell compensation for obesity-associated insulin resistance and beta-cell failure in type 2 diabetes remain poorly understood. We used a large-scale strategy to determine the time-dependent transcriptomic changes in islets of diabetes-prone db/db and diabetes-resistant ob/ob mice at 6 and 16 weeks of age. Differentially expressed genes were subjected to cluster, gene ontology, pathway and gene set enrichment analyses. A distinctive gene expression pattern was observed in 16 week db/db islets in comparison to the other groups with alterations in transcriptional regulators of islet cell identity, upregulation of glucose/lipid metabolism, and various stress response genes, and downregulation of specific amino acid transport and metabolism genes. In contrast, ob/ob islets displayed a coordinated downregulation of metabolic and stress response genes at 6 weeks of age, suggestive of a preemptive reconfiguration in these islets to lower the threshold of metabolic activation in response to increased insulin demand thereby preserving beta-cell function and preventing cellular stress. In addition, amino acid transport and metabolism genes were upregulated in ob/ob islets, suggesting an important role of glutamate metabolism in beta-cell compensation. Gene set enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes identified the enrichment of binding motifs for transcription factors, FOXO4, NFATC1, and MAZ. siRNA-mediated knockdown of these genes in MIN6 cells altered cell death, insulin secretion, and stress gene expression. In conclusion, these data revealed novel gene regulatory networks involved in beta-cell compensation and failure. Preemptive metabolic reconfiguration in diabetes-resistant islets may dampen metabolic activation and cellular stress during obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeng Yie Chan
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mohammed Bensellam
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Pôle D'endocrinologie, Diabète et Nutrition, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ruby C Y Lin
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Cassandra Liang
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kailun Lee
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jean-Christophe Jonas
- Pôle D'endocrinologie, Diabète et Nutrition, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - D Ross Laybutt
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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13
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Wojnarowicz PM, Escolano MG, Huang YH, Desai B, Chin Y, Shah R, Xu S, Yadav S, Yaklichkin S, Ouerfelli O, Soni RK, Philip J, Montrose DC, Healey JH, Rajasekhar VK, Garland WA, Ratiu J, Zhuang Y, Norton L, Rosen N, Hendrickson RC, Zhou XK, Iavarone A, Massague J, Dannenberg AJ, Lasorella A, Benezra R. Anti-tumor effects of an ID antagonist with no observed acquired resistance. NPJ Breast Cancer 2021; 7:58. [PMID: 34031428 PMCID: PMC8144414 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-021-00266-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
ID proteins are helix-loop-helix (HLH) transcriptional regulators frequently overexpressed in cancer. ID proteins inhibit basic-HLH transcription factors often blocking differentiation and sustaining proliferation. A small-molecule, AGX51, targets ID proteins for degradation and impairs ocular neovascularization in mouse models. Here we show that AGX51 treatment of cancer cell lines impairs cell growth and viability that results from an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production upon ID degradation. In mouse models, AGX51 treatment suppresses breast cancer colonization in the lung, regresses the growth of paclitaxel-resistant breast tumors when combined with paclitaxel and reduces tumor burden in sporadic colorectal neoplasia. Furthermore, in cells and mice, we fail to observe acquired resistance to AGX51 likely the result of the inability to mutate the binding pocket without loss of ID function and efficient degradation of the ID proteins. Thus, AGX51 is a first-in-class compound that antagonizes ID proteins, shows strong anti-tumor effects and may be further developed for the management of multiple cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina M Wojnarowicz
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marta Garcia Escolano
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yun-Han Huang
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell/Sloan Kettering/Rockefeller Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Gerstner Sloan Kettering Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Bina Desai
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yvette Chin
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Riddhi Shah
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sijia Xu
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Saurabh Yadav
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sergey Yaklichkin
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ouathek Ouerfelli
- Organic Synthesis Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rajesh Kumar Soni
- Proteomics & Microchemistry Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - John Philip
- Proteomics & Microchemistry Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David C Montrose
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - John H Healey
- Orthopedics Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Jeremy Ratiu
- Department of Immunology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yuan Zhuang
- Department of Immunology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Larry Norton
- Evelyn H. Lauder Breast Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Neal Rosen
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ronald C Hendrickson
- Proteomics & Microchemistry Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xi Kathy Zhou
- Department of Healthcare Policy and Research Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Antonio Iavarone
- Department of Neurology, Department of Pathology, Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joan Massague
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Anna Lasorella
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Pathology, Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert Benezra
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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14
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Yan C, Zeng T, Lee K, Nobis M, Loh K, Gou L, Xia Z, Gao Z, Bensellam M, Hughes W, Lau J, Zhang L, Ip CK, Enriquez R, Gao H, Wang QP, Wu Q, Haigh JJ, Laybutt DR, Timpson P, Herzog H, Shi YC. Peripheral-specific Y1 receptor antagonism increases thermogenesis and protects against diet-induced obesity. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2622. [PMID: 33976180 PMCID: PMC8113522 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22925-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is caused by an imbalance between food intake and energy expenditure (EE). Here we identify a conserved pathway that links signalling through peripheral Y1 receptors (Y1R) to the control of EE. Selective antagonism of peripheral Y1R, via the non-brain penetrable antagonist BIBO3304, leads to a significant reduction in body weight gain due to enhanced EE thereby reducing fat mass. Specifically thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT) due to elevated UCP1 is enhanced accompanied by extensive browning of white adipose tissue both in mice and humans. Importantly, selective ablation of Y1R from adipocytes protects against diet-induced obesity. Furthermore, peripheral specific Y1R antagonism also improves glucose homeostasis mainly driven by dynamic changes in Akt activity in BAT. Together, these data suggest that selective peripheral only Y1R antagonism via BIBO3304, or a functional analogue, could be developed as a safer and more effective treatment option to mitigate diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxu Yan
- Neuroscience Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tianshu Zeng
- Wuhan Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kailun Lee
- Neuroscience Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Max Nobis
- Invasion and Metastasis Lab, Cancer Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kim Loh
- Neuroscience Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Luoning Gou
- Wuhan Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zefeng Xia
- Wuhan Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhongmin Gao
- Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mohammed Bensellam
- Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Pole of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Will Hughes
- Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jackie Lau
- Neuroscience Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lei Zhang
- Neuroscience Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chi Kin Ip
- Neuroscience Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ronaldo Enriquez
- Neuroscience Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hanyu Gao
- Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Qiao-Ping Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jody J Haigh
- Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - D Ross Laybutt
- Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul Timpson
- Invasion and Metastasis Lab, Cancer Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Herbert Herzog
- Neuroscience Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia. .,Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Yan-Chuan Shi
- Neuroscience Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia. .,Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia. .,Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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15
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Benáková Š, Holendová B, Plecitá-Hlavatá L. Redox Homeostasis in Pancreatic β-Cells: From Development to Failure. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10040526. [PMID: 33801681 PMCID: PMC8065646 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox status is a key determinant in the fate of β-cell. These cells are not primarily detoxifying and thus do not possess extensive antioxidant defense machinery. However, they show a wide range of redox regulating proteins, such as peroxiredoxins, thioredoxins or thioredoxin reductases, etc., being functionally compartmentalized within the cells. They keep fragile redox homeostasis and serve as messengers and amplifiers of redox signaling. β-cells require proper redox signaling already in cell ontogenesis during the development of mature β-cells from their progenitors. We bring details about redox-regulated signaling pathways and transcription factors being essential for proper differentiation and maturation of functional β-cells and their proliferation and insulin expression/maturation. We briefly highlight the targets of redox signaling in the insulin secretory pathway and focus more on possible targets of extracellular redox signaling through secreted thioredoxin1 and thioredoxin reductase1. Tuned redox homeostasis can switch upon chronic pathological insults towards the dysfunction of β-cells and to glucose intolerance. These are characteristics of type 2 diabetes, which is often linked to chronic nutritional overload being nowadays a pandemic feature of lifestyle. Overcharged β-cell metabolism causes pressure on proteostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum, mainly due to increased demand on insulin synthesis, which establishes unfolded protein response and insulin misfolding along with excessive hydrogen peroxide production. This together with redox dysbalance in cytoplasm and mitochondria due to enhanced nutritional pressure impact β-cell redox homeostasis and establish prooxidative metabolism. This can further affect β-cell communication in pancreatic islets through gap junctions. In parallel, peripheral tissues losing insulin sensitivity and overall impairment of glucose tolerance and gut microbiota establish local proinflammatory signaling and later systemic metainflammation, i.e., low chronic inflammation prooxidative properties, which target β-cells leading to their dedifferentiation, dysfunction and eventually cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Štěpánka Benáková
- Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (Š.B.); (B.H.)
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Katerinska 1660/32, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Holendová
- Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (Š.B.); (B.H.)
| | - Lydie Plecitá-Hlavatá
- Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (Š.B.); (B.H.)
- Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-296-442-285
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16
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Jabbehdari S, Handa JT. Oxidative stress as a therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of early age-related macular degeneration. Surv Ophthalmol 2020; 66:423-440. [PMID: 32961209 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration, the leading cause of irreversible visual loss among older adults in developed countries, is a chronic, multifactorial, and progressive disease with the development of painless, central vision loss. Retinal pigment epithelial cell dysfunction is a core change in age-related macular degeneration that results from aging and the accumulated effects of genetic and environmental factors that, in part, is both caused by and leads to oxidative stress. In this review, we describe the role of oxidative stress, the cytoprotective oxidative stress pathways, and the impact of oxidative stress on critical cellular processes involved in age-related macular degeneration pathobiology. We also offer targeted therapy that may define how antioxidant therapy can either prevent or improve specific stages of age-related macular degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayena Jabbehdari
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - James T Handa
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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17
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Nazmeen A, Chen G, Maiti S. Dependence between estrogen sulfotransferase (SULT1E1) and nuclear transcription factor Nrf-2 regulations via oxidative stress in breast cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:4691-4698. [PMID: 32449069 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05518-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Human estrogen sulfotransferase (SULT1E1) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) expression influences each other in advanced human breast carcinogenesis. The difference in the metabolism of estradiol (E2) in pre- and post-menopausal women remains to be connected with post-menopausal breast cancer. A synergism between ROS production and E2 generation has been demonstrated. No definite mechanism for simultaneous functions of Nrf2, oxidative stress E2 regulating enzymes (SULT1E1) has been yet clarified. Our present review demonstrates that ROS dependent regulation of Nrf-2 is one of the most important determinants of E2 regulation by altering SULT1E1 expression. This study also focuses the idea that estrogen receptor cased subtypes of cancer may have different molecular environments which has an impact on the therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarifa Nazmeen
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell & Molecular Therapeutics Lab, Oriental Institute of Science & Technology, Midnapore, 721101, India
| | - Guangping Chen
- Oklahoma Technology & Research Park, Venture I OSU Laboratory, 1110 S. Innovation Way, Stillwater, OK, 74074, USA
| | - Smarajit Maiti
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell & Molecular Therapeutics Lab, Oriental Institute of Science & Technology, Midnapore, 721101, India.
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Bartoszewska S, Collawn JF. Unfolded protein response (UPR) integrated signaling networks determine cell fate during hypoxia. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2020; 25:18. [PMID: 32190062 PMCID: PMC7071609 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-020-00212-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
During hypoxic conditions, cells undergo critical adaptive responses that include the up-regulation of hypoxia-inducible proteins (HIFs) and the induction of the unfolded protein response (UPR). While their induced signaling pathways have many distinct targets, there are some important connections as well. Despite the extensive studies on both of these signaling pathways, the exact mechanisms involved that determine survival versus apoptosis remain largely unexplained and therefore beyond therapeutic control. Here we discuss the complex relationship between the HIF and UPR signaling pathways and the importance of understanding how these pathways differ between normal and cancer cell models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Bartoszewska
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - James F. Collawn
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
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Sharma S, Plotkin M. Id1 expression in kidney endothelial cells protects against diabetes-induced microvascular injury. FEBS Open Bio 2020; 10:1447-1462. [PMID: 31957231 PMCID: PMC7396439 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibitor of differentiation (Id) transcription regulators, which are induced in response to oxidative stress, promote cell proliferation and inhibit senescence. Inhibitor of differentiation 1 (Id1) expression is limited to endothelial cells (EC) in the normal mouse kidney and is required for a normal response to injury. Endothelial dysfunction leads to the development of diabetic nephropathy, and so, we hypothesized that endothelial Id1 may help protect against hyperglycemia-induced microvascular injury and nephropathy. Here, we tested this hypothesis by using streptozotocin to induce diabetes in Id1 knockout (KO) mice and WT B6;129 littermates and examining the mice at 3 months. Expression of Id1 was observed to be increased 15-fold in WT kidney EC, and Id1 KO mice exhibited increased mesangial and myofibroblast proliferation, matrix deposition, and albuminuria compared with WT mice. Electron microscopy demonstrated peritubular capillary EC injury and lumen narrowing, and fluorescence microangiography showed a 45% reduction in capillary perfusion area with no reduction in CD31-stained areas in Id1 KO mice. Microarray analysis of EC isolated from WT and KO control and diabetic mice demonstrated activation of senescence pathways in KO cells. Kidneys from KO diabetic mice showed increased histological expression of senescence markers. In addition, premature senescence in cultured KO EC was also seen in response to oxidative stress. In conclusion, endothelial Id1 upregulation with hyperglycemia protects against microvascular injury and senescence and subsequent nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew Plotkin
- Department of Nephrology, John L. McClellan VA Hospital, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
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20
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Bensellam M, Shi YC, Chan JY, Laybutt DR, Chae H, Abou-Samra M, Pappas EG, Thomas HE, Gilon P, Jonas JC. Metallothionein 1 negatively regulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and is differentially expressed in conditions of beta cell compensation and failure in mice and humans. Diabetologia 2019; 62:2273-2286. [PMID: 31624901 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-019-05008-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The mechanisms responsible for beta cell compensation in obesity and for beta cell failure in type 2 diabetes are poorly defined. The mRNA levels of several metallothionein (MT) genes are upregulated in islets from individuals with type 2 diabetes, but their role in beta cells is not clear. Here we examined: (1) the temporal changes of islet Mt1 and Mt2 gene expression in mouse models of beta cell compensation and failure; and (2) the role of Mt1 and Mt2 in beta cell function and glucose homeostasis in mice. METHODS Mt1 and Mt2 expression was assessed in islets from: (1) control lean (chow diet-fed) and diet-induced obese (high-fat diet-fed for 6 weeks) mice; (2) mouse models of diabetes (db/db mice) at 6 weeks old (prediabetes) and 16 weeks old (after diabetes onset) and age-matched db/+ (control) mice; and (3) obese non-diabetic ob/ob mice (16-week-old) and age-matched ob/+ (control) mice. MT1E, MT1X and MT2A expression was assessed in islets from humans with and without type 2 diabetes. Mt1-Mt2 double-knockout (KO) mice, transgenic mice overexpressing Mt1 under the control of its natural promoter (Tg-Mt1) and corresponding control mice were also studied. In MIN6 cells, MT1 and MT2 were inhibited by small interfering RNAs. mRNA levels were assessed by real-time RT-PCR, plasma insulin and islet MT levels by ELISA, glucose tolerance by i.p. glucose tolerance tests and overnight fasting-1 h refeeding tests, insulin tolerance by i.p. insulin tolerance tests, insulin secretion by RIA, cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration with Fura-2 leakage resistant (Fura-2 LR), cytosolic free Zn2+ concentration with Fluozin-3, and NAD(P)H by autofluorescence. RESULTS Mt1 and Mt2 mRNA levels were reduced in islets of murine models of beta cell compensation, whereas they were increased in diabetic db/db mice. In humans, MT1X mRNA levels were significantly upregulated in islets from individuals with type 2 diabetes in comparison with non-diabetic donors, while MT1E and MT2A mRNA levels were unchanged. Ex vivo, islet Mt1 and Mt2 mRNA and MT1 and MT2 protein levels were downregulated after culture with glucose at 10-30 mmol/l vs 2-5 mmol/l, in association with increased insulin secretion. In human islets, mRNA levels of MT1E, MT1X and MT2A were downregulated by stimulation with physiological and supraphysiological levels of glucose. In comparison with wild-type (WT) mice, Mt1-Mt2 double-KO mice displayed improved glucose tolerance in association with increased insulin levels and enhanced insulin release from isolated islets. In contrast, isolated islets from Tg-Mt1 mice displayed impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). In both Mt1-Mt2 double-KO and Tg-Mt1 models, the changes in GSIS occurred despite similar islet insulin content, rises in cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration and NAD(P)H levels, or intracellular Zn2+ concentration vs WT mice. In MIN6 cells, knockdown of MT1 but not MT2 potentiated GSIS, suggesting that Mt1 rather than Mt2 affects beta cell function. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These findings implicate Mt1 as a negative regulator of insulin secretion. The downregulation of Mt1 is associated with beta cell compensation in obesity, whereas increased Mt1 accompanies beta cell failure and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Bensellam
- Pôle d'endocrinologie, Diabète et Nutrition, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 55 - B1.55.06, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Yan-Chuan Shi
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jeng Yie Chan
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - D Ross Laybutt
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Heeyoung Chae
- Pôle d'endocrinologie, Diabète et Nutrition, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 55 - B1.55.06, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michel Abou-Samra
- Pôle d'endocrinologie, Diabète et Nutrition, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 55 - B1.55.06, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Evan G Pappas
- St Vincent's Institute, Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helen E Thomas
- St Vincent's Institute, Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Patrick Gilon
- Pôle d'endocrinologie, Diabète et Nutrition, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 55 - B1.55.06, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Christophe Jonas
- Pôle d'endocrinologie, Diabète et Nutrition, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 55 - B1.55.06, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium.
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21
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Ježek P, Jabůrek M, Plecitá-Hlavatá L. Contribution of Oxidative Stress and Impaired Biogenesis of Pancreatic β-Cells to Type 2 Diabetes. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 31:722-751. [PMID: 30450940 PMCID: PMC6708273 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2018.7656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Type 2 diabetes development involves multiple changes in β-cells, related to the oxidative stress and impaired redox signaling, beginning frequently by sustained overfeeding due to the resulting lipotoxicity and glucotoxicity. Uncovering relationships among the dysregulated metabolism, impaired β-cell "well-being," biogenesis, or cross talk with peripheral insulin resistance is required for elucidation of type 2 diabetes etiology. Recent Advances: It has been recognized that the oxidative stress, lipotoxicity, and glucotoxicity cannot be separated from numerous other cell pathology events, such as the attempted compensation of β-cell for the increased insulin demand and dynamics of β-cell biogenesis and its "reversal" at dedifferentiation, that is, from the concomitantly decreasing islet β-cell mass (also due to transdifferentiation) and low-grade islet or systemic inflammation. Critical Issues: At prediabetes, the compensation responses of β-cells, attempting to delay the pathology progression-when exaggerated-set a new state, in which a self-checking redox signaling related to the expression of Ins gene expression is impaired. The resulting altered redox signaling, diminished insulin secretion responses to various secretagogues including glucose, may lead to excretion of cytokines or chemokines by β-cells or excretion of endosomes. They could substantiate putative stress signals to the periphery. Subsequent changes and lasting glucolipotoxicity promote islet inflammatory responses and further pathology spiral. Future Directions: Should bring an understanding of the β-cell self-checking and related redox signaling, including the putative stress signal to periphery. Strategies to cure or prevent type 2 diabetes could be based on the substitution of the "wrong" signal by the "correct" self-checking signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Ježek
- Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Jabůrek
- Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lydie Plecitá-Hlavatá
- Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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22
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Abstract
The loss of functional beta cell mass characterises all forms of diabetes. Beta cells are highly susceptible to stress, including cytokine, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and oxidative stress. This study examined the role of pleckstrin homology-like, domain family A, member 3 (Phlda3) in beta cell survival under stress conditions and the regulatory basis. We found that the mRNA levels of Phlda3 were markedly upregulated in vivo in the islets of diabetic humans and mice. In vitro, exposure of MIN6 cells or islets to cytokines, palmitate, thapsigargin or ribose upregulated Phlda3 mRNA and protein levels, concurrent with the induction of ER stress (Ddit3 and Trb3) and antioxidant (Hmox1) genes. Furthermore, H2O2 treatment markedly increased PHLDA3 immunostaining in human islets. Phlda3 expression was differentially regulated by adaptive (Xbp1) and apoptotic (Ddit3) unfolded protein response (UPR) mediators. siRNA-mediated knockdown of Xbp1 inhibited the induction of Phlda3 by cytokines and palmitate, whereas knockdown of Ddit3 upregulated Phlda3. Moreover, knockdown of Phlda3 potentiated cytokine-induced apoptosis in association with upregulation of inflammatory genes (iNos, IL1β and IκBα) and NFκB phosphorylation and downregulation of antioxidant (Gpx1 and Srxn1) and adaptive UPR (Xbp1, Hspa5 and Fkbp11) genes. Knockdown of Phlda3 also potentiated apoptosis under oxidative stress conditions induced by ribose treatment. These findings suggest that Phlda3 is crucial for beta cell survival under stress conditions. Phlda3 regulates the cytokine, oxidative and ER stress responses in beta cells via the repression of inflammatory gene expression and the maintenance of antioxidant and adaptive UPR gene expression. Phlda3 may promote beta cell survival in diabetes.
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23
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Zou ZY, Liu J, Chang C, Li JJ, Luo J, Jin Y, Ma Z, Wang TH, Shao JL. Biliverdin administration regulates the microRNA-mRNA expressional network associated with neuroprotection in cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats. Int J Mol Med 2019; 43:1356-1372. [PMID: 30664169 PMCID: PMC6365090 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory response has an important role in the outcome of cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CIR). Biliverdin (BV) administration can relieve CIR in rats, but the mechanism remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to explore the expressional network of microRNA (miRNA)-mRNA in CIR rats following BV administration. A rat middle cerebral artery occlusion model with BV treatment was established. After neurobehavior was evaluated by neurological severity scores (NSS), miRNA and mRNA expressional profiles were analyzed by microarray technology from the cerebral cortex subjected to ischemia and BV administration. Then, bioinformatics prediction was used to screen the correlation between miRNA and mRNA, and 20 candidate miRNAs and 33 candidate mRNAs were verified by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, the regulation relationship between ETS proto-oncogene 1 (Ets1) and miRNA204-5p was examined by luciferase assay. A total of 86 miRNAs were differentially expressed in the BV group compared with the other groups. A total of 10 miRNAs and 26 candidate genes were identified as a core 'microRNA-mRNA' regulatory network that was linked with the functional improvement of BV administration in CIR rats. Lastly, the luciferase assay results confirmed that miRNA204-5p directly targeted Ets1. The present findings suggest that BV administration may regulate multiple miRNAs and mRNAs to improve neurobehavior in CIR rats, by influencing cell proliferation, apoptosis, maintaining ATP homeostasis, and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yao Zou
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, P.R. China
| | - Jia Liu
- Experimental Animal Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Chang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Jie Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Jin
- Experimental Animal Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Ma
- Experimental Animal Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, P.R. China
| | - Ting-Hua Wang
- Experimental Animal Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Lin Shao
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, P.R. China
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24
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Xin Y, Dominguez Gutierrez G, Okamoto H, Kim J, Lee AH, Adler C, Ni M, Yancopoulos GD, Murphy AJ, Gromada J. Pseudotime Ordering of Single Human β-Cells Reveals States of Insulin Production and Unfolded Protein Response. Diabetes 2018; 67:1783-1794. [PMID: 29950394 DOI: 10.2337/db18-0365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Proinsulin is a misfolding-prone protein, making its biosynthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) a stressful event. Pancreatic β-cells overcome ER stress by activating the unfolded protein response (UPR) and reducing insulin production. This suggests that β-cells transition between periods of high insulin biosynthesis and UPR-mediated recovery from cellular stress. We now report the pseudotime ordering of single β-cells from humans without diabetes detected by large-scale RNA sequencing. We identified major states with 1) low UPR and low insulin gene expression, 2) low UPR and high insulin gene expression, or 3) high UPR and low insulin gene expression. The latter state was enriched for proliferating cells. Stressed human β-cells do not dedifferentiate and show little propensity for apoptosis. These data suggest that human β-cells transition between states with high rates of biosynthesis to fulfill the body's insulin requirements to maintain normal blood glucose levels and UPR-mediated recovery from ER stress due to high insulin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Xin
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Min Ni
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY
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25
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Elkahloun AG, Rodriguez Y, Alaiyed S, Wenzel E, Saavedra JM. Telmisartan Protects a Microglia Cell Line from LPS Injury Beyond AT1 Receptor Blockade or PPARγ Activation. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:3193-3210. [PMID: 30105672 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1300-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker (ARB) Telmisartan reduces inflammation through Angiotensin II AT1 receptor blockade and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) activation. However, in a mouse microglia-like BV2 cell line, imitating primary microglia responses with high fidelity and devoid of AT1 receptor gene expression or PPARγ activation, Telmisartan reduced gene expression of pro-injury factors, enhanced that of anti-inflammatory genes, and prevented LPS-induced increase in inflammatory markers. Using global gene expression profiling and pathways analysis, we revealed that Telmisartan normalized the expression of hundreds of genes upregulated by LPS and linked with inflammation, apoptosis and neurodegenerative disorders, while downregulating the expression of genes associated with oncological, neurodegenerative and viral diseases. The PPARγ full agonist Pioglitazone had no neuroprotective effects. Surprisingly, the PPARγ antagonists GW9662 and T0070907 were neuroprotective and enhanced Telmisartan effects. GW9226 alone significantly reduced LPS toxic effects and enhanced Telmisartan neuroprotection, including downregulation of pro-inflammatory TLR2 gene expression. Telmisartan and GW9662 effects on LPS injury negatively correlated with pro-inflammatory factors and upstream regulators, including TLR2, and positively with known neuroprotective factors and upstream regulators. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) of the Telmisartan and GW9662 data revealed negative correlations with sets of genes associated with neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders and toxic treatments in cultured systems, while demonstrating positive correlations with gene sets associated with neuroprotection and kinase inhibition. Our results strongly suggest that novel neuroprotective effects of Telmisartan and GW9662, beyond AT1 receptor blockade or PPARγ activation, include downregulation of the TLR2 signaling pathway, findings that may have translational relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel G Elkahloun
- Microarray Core, Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, 50 South Dr, MSC 4435, Bethesda, MD, 20892-4435, USA
| | - Yara Rodriguez
- Laboratory of Neuroprotection, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, SE402 Med/Dent, 3900 Reservoir Road, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Seham Alaiyed
- Laboratory of Neuroprotection, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, SE402 Med/Dent, 3900 Reservoir Road, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Erin Wenzel
- Laboratory of Neuroprotection, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, SE402 Med/Dent, 3900 Reservoir Road, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Juan M Saavedra
- Laboratory of Neuroprotection, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, SE402 Med/Dent, 3900 Reservoir Road, Washington, DC, 20057, USA.
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26
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ID2 protects retinal pigment epithelium cells from oxidative damage through p-ERK1/2/ID2/NRF2. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 650:1-13. [PMID: 29753724 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness during aging. The degeneration of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is the main pathologic characteristic of AMD. ID2 is a member of the Inhibitor of DNA binding proteins (ID) family and is involved in regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation. However, currently the role of ID2 in oxidative injury response in RPE cells remains unknown. Here we showed that oxidative stress increased ID2 expression in RPE cells. Knockdown of ID2 promoted cell apoptosis and increased ROS level in RPE cells that were subjected to oxidative damage. In addition, over-expression of ID2 attenuated the oxidative damage response in RPE cells. Mechanistically, ID2 protected RPE cells from oxidative damage through activating NRF2. Furthermore, phosphorylation of ERK1/2 positively regulated the protective function of ID2. Finally, we confirmed that the oxidative damage increased Id2 expression and over-expression of Id2 elevated Nrf2 expression in primary mouse RPE cells. Therefore, ID2 protects RPE cells from oxidative damage through the p-ERK1/2/ID2/NRF2 pathway. Our study contributes to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying oxidative stress in AMD and may present a new strategy for AMD treatment.
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27
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Bensellam M, Jonas JC, Laybutt DR. Mechanisms of β-cell dedifferentiation in diabetes: recent findings and future research directions. J Endocrinol 2018; 236:R109-R143. [PMID: 29203573 DOI: 10.1530/joe-17-0516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Like all the cells of an organism, pancreatic β-cells originate from embryonic stem cells through a complex cellular process termed differentiation. Differentiation involves the coordinated and tightly controlled activation/repression of specific effectors and gene clusters in a time-dependent fashion thereby giving rise to particular morphological and functional cellular features. Interestingly, cellular differentiation is not a unidirectional process. Indeed, growing evidence suggests that under certain conditions, mature β-cells can lose, to various degrees, their differentiated phenotype and cellular identity and regress to a less differentiated or a precursor-like state. This concept is termed dedifferentiation and has been proposed, besides cell death, as a contributing factor to the loss of functional β-cell mass in diabetes. β-cell dedifferentiation involves: (1) the downregulation of β-cell-enriched genes, including key transcription factors, insulin, glucose metabolism genes, protein processing and secretory pathway genes; (2) the concomitant upregulation of genes suppressed or expressed at very low levels in normal β-cells, the β-cell forbidden genes; and (3) the likely upregulation of progenitor cell genes. These alterations lead to phenotypic reconfiguration of β-cells and ultimately defective insulin secretion. While the major role of glucotoxicity in β-cell dedifferentiation is well established, the precise mechanisms involved are still under investigation. This review highlights the identified molecular mechanisms implicated in β-cell dedifferentiation including oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, inflammation and hypoxia. It discusses the role of Foxo1, Myc and inhibitor of differentiation proteins and underscores the emerging role of non-coding RNAs. Finally, it proposes a novel hypothesis of β-cell dedifferentiation as a potential adaptive mechanism to escape cell death under stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Bensellam
- Garvan Institute of Medical ResearchSydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Université Catholique de LouvainInstitut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pôle d'Endocrinologie, Diabète et Nutrition, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Christophe Jonas
- Université Catholique de LouvainInstitut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pôle d'Endocrinologie, Diabète et Nutrition, Brussels, Belgium
| | - D Ross Laybutt
- Garvan Institute of Medical ResearchSydney, New South Wales, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical SchoolUNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Inhibitor of Differentiation-3 and Estrogenic Endocrine Disruptors: Implications for Susceptibility to Obesity and Metabolic Disorders. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:6821601. [PMID: 29507860 PMCID: PMC5817379 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6821601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The rising global incidence of obesity cannot be fully explained within the context of traditional risk factors such as an unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, aging, or genetics. Adipose tissue is an endocrine as well as a metabolic organ that may be susceptible to disruption by environmental estrogenic chemicals. Since some of the endocrine disruptors are lipophilic chemicals with long half-lives, they tend to bioaccumulate in the adipose tissue of exposed populations. Elevated exposure to these chemicals may predispose susceptible individuals to weight gain by increasing the number and size of fat cells. Genetic studies have demonstrated that the transcriptional regulator inhibitor of differentiation-3 (ID3) promotes high fat diet-induced obesity in vivo. We have shown previously that PCB153 and natural estrogen 17β-estradiol increase ID3 expression. Based on our findings, we postulate that ID3 is a molecular target of estrogenic endocrine disruptors (EEDs) in the adipose tissue and a better understanding of this relationship may help to explain how EEDs can lead to the transcriptional programming of deviant fat cells. This review will discuss the current understanding of ID3 in excess fat accumulation and the potential for EEDs to influence susceptibility to obesity or metabolic disorders via ID3 signaling.
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29
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Bensellam M, Maxwell EL, Chan JY, Luzuriaga J, West PK, Jonas JC, Gunton JE, Laybutt DR. Hypoxia reduces ER-to-Golgi protein trafficking and increases cell death by inhibiting the adaptive unfolded protein response in mouse beta cells. Diabetologia 2016; 59:1492-1502. [PMID: 27039902 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-016-3947-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Hypoxia may contribute to beta cell failure in type 2 diabetes and islet transplantation. The adaptive unfolded protein response (UPR) is required for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis. Here we investigated whether or not hypoxia regulates the UPR in beta cells and the role the adaptive UPR plays during hypoxic stress. METHODS Mouse islets and MIN6 cells were exposed to various oxygen (O2) tensions. DNA-damage inducible transcript 3 (DDIT3), hypoxia-inducible transcription factor (HIF)1α and HSPA5 were knocked down using small interfering (si)RNA; Hspa5 was also overexpressed. db/db mice were used. RESULTS Hypoxia-response genes were upregulated in vivo in the islets of diabetic, but not prediabetic, db/db mice. In isolated mouse islets and MIN6 cells, O2 deprivation (1-5% vs 20%; 4-24 h) markedly reduced the expression of adaptive UPR genes, including Hspa5, Hsp90b1, Fkbp11 and spliced Xbp1. Coatomer protein complex genes (Copa, Cope, Copg [also known as Copg1], Copz1 and Copz2) and ER-to-Golgi protein trafficking were also reduced, whereas apoptotic genes (Ddit3, Atf3 and Trb3 [also known as Trib3]), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation and cell death were increased. Inhibition of JNK, but not HIF1α, restored adaptive UPR gene expression and ER-to-Golgi protein trafficking while protecting against apoptotic genes and cell death following hypoxia. DDIT3 knockdown delayed the loss of the adaptive UPR and partially protected against hypoxia-induced cell death. The latter response was prevented by HSPA5 knockdown. Finally, Hspa5 overexpression significantly protected against hypoxia-induced cell death. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Hypoxia inhibits the adaptive UPR in beta cells via JNK and DDIT3 activation, but independently of HIF1α. Downregulation of the adaptive UPR contributes to reduced ER-to-Golgi protein trafficking and increased beta cell death during hypoxic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Bensellam
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, UNSW Australia, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Emma L Maxwell
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, UNSW Australia, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Jeng Yie Chan
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, UNSW Australia, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Jude Luzuriaga
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, UNSW Australia, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Phillip K West
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, UNSW Australia, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Jean-Christophe Jonas
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique, Pôle d'endocrinologie, diabète et nutrition, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jenny E Gunton
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, UNSW Australia, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
- Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- The Westmead Millennium Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - D Ross Laybutt
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, UNSW Australia, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia.
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30
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Krachulec JM, Sedlmeier G, Thiele W, Sleeman JP. Footprintless disruption of prosurvival genes in aneuploid cancer cells using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 94:289-96. [PMID: 27251033 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2015-0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
CRISPR/Cas9 has emerged as a powerful methodology for the targeted editing of genomic DNA sequences. Nevertheless, the intrinsic inefficiency of transfection methods required to use this technique with cultured cells requires the selection and isolation of successfully modified cells, which invariably subjects the cells to stress. Here we report a workflow that allows the isolation of genomically modified cells, even where loss of functional alleles constitutes a selective disadvantage owing to impaired ability to survive stress. Using targeted disruption of the Id1 and Id3 genes in murine B16-F10 and Ret melanoma cell lines as an example, we show that the method allows for the footprintless isolation of CRISPR/Cas9-modified aneuploid cancer cells. We also provide evidence that serial CRISPR/Cas9 modifications can occur, for example when initial homologous recombination events introduce cryptic PAM sequences, and demonstrate that multiple alleles can be successfully targeted in aneuploid cancer cells. By sequencing individual alleles we also found evidence for CRISPR/Cas9-induced transposable element insertion, albeit at a low frequency. This workflow should have broad application in the functional analysis of prosurvival gene function in cultured cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna M Krachulec
- a Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Georg Sedlmeier
- a Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Wilko Thiele
- a Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.,b Institute for Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Campus Nord, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jonathan P Sleeman
- a Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.,b Institute for Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Campus Nord, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
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31
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Dunnick JK, Merrick BA, Brix A, Morgan DL, Gerrish K, Wang Y, Flake G, Foley J, Shockley KR. Molecular Changes in the Nasal Cavity after N, N-dimethyl-p-toluidine Exposure. Toxicol Pathol 2016; 44:835-47. [PMID: 27099258 DOI: 10.1177/0192623316637708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
N, N-dimethyl-p-toluidine (DMPT; Cas No. 99-97-8), an accelerant for methyl methacrylate monomers in medical devices, is a nasal cavity carcinogen according to a 2-yr cancer study of male and female F344/N rats, with the nasal tumors arising from the transitional cell epithelium. In this study, we exposed male F344/N rats for 5 days to DMPT (0, 1, 6, 20, 60, or 120 mg/kg [oral gavage]) to explore the early changes in the nasal cavity after short-term exposure. Lesions occurred in the nasal cavity including hyperplasia of transitional cell epithelium (60 and 120 mg/kg). Nasal tissue was rapidly removed and preserved for subsequent laser capture microdissection and isolation of the transitional cell epithelium (0 and 120 mg/kg) for transcriptomic studies. DMPT transitional cell epithelium gene transcript patterns were characteristic of an antioxidative damage response (e.g., Akr7a3, Maff, and Mgst3), cell proliferation, and decrease in signals for apoptosis. The transcripts of amino acid transporters were upregulated (e.g., Slc7a11). The DMPT nasal transcript expression pattern was similar to that found in the rat nasal cavity after formaldehyde exposure, with over 1,000 transcripts in common. Molecular changes in the nasal cavity after DMPT exposure suggest that oxidative damage is a mechanism of the DMPT toxic and/or carcinogenic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- June K Dunnick
- Toxicology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - B Alex Merrick
- Biomolecular Screening Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Amy Brix
- Experimental Pathology Laboratories, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Daniel L Morgan
- NTP Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kevin Gerrish
- Molecular Genomics Core, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gordon Flake
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Julie Foley
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Keith R Shockley
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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32
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Grgurevic L, Christensen GL, Schulz TJ, Vukicevic S. Bone morphogenetic proteins in inflammation, glucose homeostasis and adipose tissue energy metabolism. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2015; 27:105-18. [PMID: 26762842 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bore morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are members of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily, a group of secreted proteins that regulate embryonic development. This review summarizes the effects of BMPs on physiological processes not exclusively linked to the musculoskeletal system. Specifically, we focus on the involvement of BMPs in inflammatory disorders, e.g. fibrosis, inflammatory bowel disease, anchylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis. Moreover, we discuss the role of BMPs in the context of vascular disorders, and explore the role of these signalling proteins in iron homeostasis (anaemia, hemochromatosis) and oxidative damage. The second and third parts of this review focus on BMPs in the development of metabolic pathologies such as type-2 diabetes mellitus and obesity. The pancreatic beta cells are the sole source of the hormone insulin and BMPs have recently been implicated in pancreas development as well as control of adult glucose homeostasis. Lastly, we review the recently recognized role of BMPs in brown adipose tissue formation and their consequences for energy expenditure and adiposity. In summary, BMPs play a pivotal role in metabolism beyond their role in skeletal homeostasis. However, increased understanding of these pleiotropic functions also highlights the necessity of tissue-specific strategies when harnessing BMP action as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lovorka Grgurevic
- University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Laboratory for Mineralized Tissues, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Tim J Schulz
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Slobodan Vukicevic
- University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Laboratory for Mineralized Tissues, Zagreb, Croatia.
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33
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Shi YC, Loh K, Bensellam M, Lee K, Zhai L, Lau J, Cantley J, Luzuriaga J, Laybutt DR, Herzog H. Pancreatic PYY Is Critical in the Control of Insulin Secretion and Glucose Homeostasis in Female Mice. Endocrinology 2015; 156:3122-36. [PMID: 26125465 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Insulin secretion is tightly controlled through coordinated actions of a number of systemic and local factors. Peptide YY (PYY) is expressed in α-cells of the islet, but its role in control of islet function such as insulin release is not clear. In this study, we generated a transgenic mouse model (Pyy(tg/+)/Rip-Cre) overexpressing the Pyy gene under the control of the rat insulin 2 gene promoter and assessed the impact of islet-released PYY on β-cell function, insulin release, and glucose homeostasis in mice. Our results show that up-regulation of PYY in islet β-cells leads to an increase in serum insulin levels as well as improved glucose tolerance. Interestingly, PYY-overproducing mice show increased lean mass and reduced fat mass with no significant changes in food intake or body weight. Energy expenditure is also increased accompanied by increased respiratory exchange ratio. Mechanistically, the enhanced insulin levels and improved glucose tolerance are primarily due to increased β-cell mass and secretion. This is associated with alterations in the expression of genes important for β-cell proliferation and function as well as the maintenance of the β-cell phenotype. Taken together, these data demonstrate that pancreatic islet-derived PYY plays an important role in controlling glucose homeostasis through the modulation of β-cell mass and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Chuan Shi
- Neuroscience (Y.-C.S., K.Lo., K.Le., L.Z., J.La., H.H.) and Diabetes and Metabolism (M.B., J.C., J.Lu., D.R.L.) Divisions, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Sydney, Australia; Faculty of Medicine (Y.-C.S., K.Lo., J.C., D.R.L., H.H.), UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2052 Australia; and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics (J.C.), University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QX United Kingdom
| | - Kim Loh
- Neuroscience (Y.-C.S., K.Lo., K.Le., L.Z., J.La., H.H.) and Diabetes and Metabolism (M.B., J.C., J.Lu., D.R.L.) Divisions, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Sydney, Australia; Faculty of Medicine (Y.-C.S., K.Lo., J.C., D.R.L., H.H.), UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2052 Australia; and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics (J.C.), University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QX United Kingdom
| | - Mohammed Bensellam
- Neuroscience (Y.-C.S., K.Lo., K.Le., L.Z., J.La., H.H.) and Diabetes and Metabolism (M.B., J.C., J.Lu., D.R.L.) Divisions, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Sydney, Australia; Faculty of Medicine (Y.-C.S., K.Lo., J.C., D.R.L., H.H.), UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2052 Australia; and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics (J.C.), University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QX United Kingdom
| | - Kailun Lee
- Neuroscience (Y.-C.S., K.Lo., K.Le., L.Z., J.La., H.H.) and Diabetes and Metabolism (M.B., J.C., J.Lu., D.R.L.) Divisions, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Sydney, Australia; Faculty of Medicine (Y.-C.S., K.Lo., J.C., D.R.L., H.H.), UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2052 Australia; and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics (J.C.), University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QX United Kingdom
| | - Lei Zhai
- Neuroscience (Y.-C.S., K.Lo., K.Le., L.Z., J.La., H.H.) and Diabetes and Metabolism (M.B., J.C., J.Lu., D.R.L.) Divisions, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Sydney, Australia; Faculty of Medicine (Y.-C.S., K.Lo., J.C., D.R.L., H.H.), UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2052 Australia; and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics (J.C.), University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QX United Kingdom
| | - Jackie Lau
- Neuroscience (Y.-C.S., K.Lo., K.Le., L.Z., J.La., H.H.) and Diabetes and Metabolism (M.B., J.C., J.Lu., D.R.L.) Divisions, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Sydney, Australia; Faculty of Medicine (Y.-C.S., K.Lo., J.C., D.R.L., H.H.), UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2052 Australia; and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics (J.C.), University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QX United Kingdom
| | - James Cantley
- Neuroscience (Y.-C.S., K.Lo., K.Le., L.Z., J.La., H.H.) and Diabetes and Metabolism (M.B., J.C., J.Lu., D.R.L.) Divisions, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Sydney, Australia; Faculty of Medicine (Y.-C.S., K.Lo., J.C., D.R.L., H.H.), UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2052 Australia; and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics (J.C.), University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QX United Kingdom
| | - Jude Luzuriaga
- Neuroscience (Y.-C.S., K.Lo., K.Le., L.Z., J.La., H.H.) and Diabetes and Metabolism (M.B., J.C., J.Lu., D.R.L.) Divisions, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Sydney, Australia; Faculty of Medicine (Y.-C.S., K.Lo., J.C., D.R.L., H.H.), UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2052 Australia; and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics (J.C.), University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QX United Kingdom
| | - D Ross Laybutt
- Neuroscience (Y.-C.S., K.Lo., K.Le., L.Z., J.La., H.H.) and Diabetes and Metabolism (M.B., J.C., J.Lu., D.R.L.) Divisions, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Sydney, Australia; Faculty of Medicine (Y.-C.S., K.Lo., J.C., D.R.L., H.H.), UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2052 Australia; and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics (J.C.), University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QX United Kingdom
| | - Herbert Herzog
- Neuroscience (Y.-C.S., K.Lo., K.Le., L.Z., J.La., H.H.) and Diabetes and Metabolism (M.B., J.C., J.Lu., D.R.L.) Divisions, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Sydney, Australia; Faculty of Medicine (Y.-C.S., K.Lo., J.C., D.R.L., H.H.), UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2052 Australia; and Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics (J.C.), University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QX United Kingdom
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