1
|
Wang R, Zeng J, Chen L, Sun L, Wang Y, Xu J, He X. Diterpenoid WT-29 isolated from Wedelia exerted anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activities. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117265. [PMID: 37783409 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Wedelia (Sphagneticola trilobata) is a traditional anti-inflammatory herb native to tropical America. It is commonly used to treat some inflammatory related diseases clinically, such as pertussis, pharyngitis, etc. However, its specific anti-inflammatory mechanism is still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY WT-29 (3α-angeloyloxy-9β-hydroxyent-kaura-16-en-19-oic acid) is a main bioactive diterpenoid isolated and purified from Wedelia. This study aims to explore the potential anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties of WT-29 on RAW264.7 cells stimulated with LPS and P815 cells induced by C48/80, as well as investigating their underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS The anti-inflammatory mechanism of WT-29 was analyzed and predicted using network pharmacology, and then verified through experiments. The Griess reagent assay was employed to evaluate the impact of WT-29 on the generation of nitric oxide (NO) in RAW264.7 cells induced by LPS, the expression of various inflammatory cytokines and the release of histamine in cells were measured through qRT-PCR and ELISA techniques. The impact of WT-29 on the translocation of the NF-κB p65 protein to the nucleus was assessed through immunofluorescence staining. Western blot technique was utilized to investigate protein expression in inflammation, allergy, and autophagy pathways. RESULTS The study found that WT-29 can reduce the secretion of inflammatory factors (NO, iNOS, COX-2, IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α), inhibit NF-κB activation and MAPK family phosphorylation, and induce autophagy in RAW264.7 cells stimulated with LPS. In addition, it demonstrated that WT-29 could inhibit histamine release and degranulation, as well as inhibit the MAPK family in C48/80-induced P815 cells. CONCLUSION WT-29 isolated from Wedelia exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects mainly through NF-κB, Nrf2/Keap-1, MAPK pathways and regulating of autophagy, suggesting that it might be a potential anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic agent and could be used as medicine or health benefit product.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ru Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Lead Compounds & Drug Discovery, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Jia Zeng
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Lu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Lead Compounds & Drug Discovery, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Lianlian Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Lead Compounds & Drug Discovery, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yihai Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Lead Compounds & Drug Discovery, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Jingwen Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Lead Compounds & Drug Discovery, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Xiangjiu He
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Lead Compounds & Drug Discovery, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Qiang J, Yang R, Li X, Xu X, Zhou M, Ji X, Lu Y, Dong Z. Monotropein induces autophagy through activation of the NRF2/PINK axis, thereby alleviating sepsis-induced colonic injury. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 127:111432. [PMID: 38142644 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory disease that is caused by a dysregulated host response to infection and is a life-threatening organ dysfunction that affects many organs, which includes the colon. Mounting evidence suggests that sepsis-induced colonic damage is a major contributor to organ failure and cellular dysfunction. Monotropein (MON) is the major natural compound in the iris glycoside that is extracted from Morendae officinalis radix, which possesses the potent pharmacological activities of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This research evaluated whether MON is able to alleviate septic colonic injury in mice by cecal ligation and puncture. Colonic tissues were analyzed using histopathology, immunofluorescence, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot methods. It was initially discovered that MON reduced colonic damage in infected mice, in addition to inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in colonic tissues, while it activated autophagy, with the NRF2/keap1 and PINK1/Parkin pathways also being activated. Through the stimulation of NCM460 cells with lipopolysaccharides, an in vitro model of sepsis was created as a means of further elucidating the potential mechanisms of MON. In the in vitro model, it was found that MON could still activate the NRF2/keap1, PINK1/Parkin, and autophagy pathways. However, when MON was paired with the NRF2 inhibitor ML385, it counteracted MON-induced activation of PINK1/Parkin and autophagy, while also promoting inflammatory response and apoptosis in NCM460 cells. Therefore, the data implies that MON could play a therapeutic role through the activation of the NFR2/PINK pathway as a means of inducing autophagy to alleviate the oxidative stress in colonic tissues that is induced by sepsis, which will improve inflammation and apoptosis in colonic tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingchao Qiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Rongrong Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang (The Oncology Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang 222000, China
| | - Xueqing Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Xuhui Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Mengyuan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Xiaomeng Ji
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Yingzhi Lu
- Department of Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang (The Oncology Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang 222000, China.
| | - Zibo Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li X, Wang Y, Zhai Z, Mao Q, Chen D, Xiao L, Xu S, Wu Q, Chen K, Hou Q, He Q, Shen Y, Yang M, Peng Z, He S, Zhou X, Tan H, Luo S, Fang C, Li G, Chen T. Predicting response to immunotherapy in gastric cancer via assessing perineural invasion-mediated inflammation in tumor microenvironment. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:206. [PMID: 37563649 PMCID: PMC10416472 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02730-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The perineural invasion (PNI)-mediated inflammation of the tumor microenvironment (TME) varies among gastric cancer (GC) patients and exhibits a close relationship with prognosis and immunotherapy. Assessing the neuroinflammation of TME is important in predicting the response to immunotherapy in GC patients. METHODS Fifteen independent cohorts were enrolled in this study. An inflammatory score was developed and validated in GC. Based on PNI-related prognostic inflammatory signatures, patients were divided into Clusters A and B using unsupervised clustering. The characteristics of clusters and the potential regulatory mechanism of key genes were verified by RT-PCR, western-blot, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence in cell and tumor tissue samples.The neuroinflammation infiltration (NII) scoring system was developed based on principal component analysis (PCA) and visualized in a nomogram together with other clinical characteristics. RESULTS Inflammatory scores were higher in GC patients with PNI compared with those without PNI (P < 0.001). NII.clusterB patients with PNI had abundant immune cell infiltration in the TME but worse prognosis compared with patients in the NII.clusterA patients with PNI and non-PNI subgroups. Higher immune checkpoint expression was noted in NII.clusterB-PNI. VCAM1 is a specific signature of NII.clusterB-PNI, which regulates PD-L1 expression by affecting the phosphorylation of STAT3 in GC cells. Patients with PNI and high NII scores may benefit from immunotherapy. Patients with low nomogram scores had a better prognosis than those with high nomogram scores. CONCLUSIONS Inflammation mediated by PNI is one of the results of tumor-nerve crosstalk, but its impact on the tumor immune microenvironment is complex. Assessing the inflammation features of PNI is a potential method in predicting the response of immunotherapy effectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xunjun Li
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, No. 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yiyun Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, No. 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - ZhongYa Zhai
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, No. 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qingyi Mao
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Dianjie Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, No. 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Luxi Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, No. 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shuai Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, No. 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qilin Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, No. 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Keming Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, No. 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qiantong Hou
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, No. 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qinglie He
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, No. 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuyang Shen
- Medical Image Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Manchun Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, No. 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zishan Peng
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Siqing He
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, No. 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xuanhui Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, No. 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Haoyang Tan
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, No. 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shengwei Luo
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chuanfa Fang
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, Ganzhou Hospital-Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Guoxin Li
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, No. 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, No. 1838, North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China.
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, Ganzhou Hospital-Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Matza Porges S, Shamriz O. Genetics of Immune Dysregulation and Cancer Predisposition: Two Sides of the Same Coin. Clin Exp Immunol 2022; 210:114-127. [PMID: 36165533 PMCID: PMC9750831 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxac089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately 10% of cancers have a hereditary predisposition. However, no genetic diagnosis is available in 60%-80% of familial cancers. In some of these families, immune dysregulation-mediated disease is frequent. The immune system plays a critical role in identifying and eliminating tumors; thus, dysregulation of the immune system can increase the risk of developing cancer. This review focuses on some of the genes involved in immune dysregulation the promote the risk for cancer. Genetic counseling for patients with cancer currently focuses on known genes that raise the risk of cancer. In missing hereditary familial cases, the history family of immune dysregulation should be recorded, and genes related to the immune system should be analyzed in relevant families. On the other hand, patients with immune disorders diagnosed with a pathogenic mutation in an immune regulatory gene may have an increased risk of cancer. Therefore, those patients need to be under surveillance for cancer. Gene panel and exome sequencing are currently standard methods for genetic diagnosis, providing an excellent opportunity to jointly test cancer and immune genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sigal Matza Porges
- Department of Human Genetics, Institute for Medical Research, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Biotechnology, Hadassah Academic College, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Oded Shamriz
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization, The Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Enhancement of the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of NSAIDs by Their Conjugation with 3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzyl Alcohol. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27072104. [PMID: 35408503 PMCID: PMC9000480 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of derivatives of three nonspecific COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen is presented. These acids were connected via an amide bond with an amino acid (L-proline, L-tyrosine, and beta-alanine) used as a linker. The amino acid carboxylic group was esterified with 3,4,5 trimethoxybenzyl alcohol. The activity of the novel derivatives was examined in vivo on carrageenan-induced inflammation, and in vitro, as cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase inhibitors. It was found that the new compounds were more potent anti-inflammatory agents than the parent drugs. Thus, the ibuprofen (21) and ketoprofen (16) derivatives reduced rat paw edema by 67 and 91% (the reduction by the relevant NSAIDs was 36 and 47%, respectively). They inhibited COX-2 more than the starting drugs (21 by 67%, ibuprofen 46%, 19 by 94%, ketoprofen 49%). Docking of compounds on the active sites of COX-1 and COX-2 reflects their in vitro activity. Thus, 19 adopts an unfavorable orientation for COX-1 inhibition, but it binds effectively in the binding pocket of COX-2, in agreement with the absence of activity for COX-1 and the high inhibition of COX-2. In conclusion, the performed structural modifications result in the enhancement of the anti-inflammatory activity, compared with the parent NSAIDs.
Collapse
|
6
|
Hernandez-Baixauli J, Abasolo N, Palacios-Jordan H, Foguet-Romero E, Suñol D, Galofré M, Caimari A, Baselga-Escudero L, Del Bas JM, Mulero M. Imbalances in TCA, Short Fatty Acids and One-Carbon Metabolisms as Important Features of Homeostatic Disruption Evidenced by a Multi-Omics Integrative Approach of LPS-Induced Chronic Inflammation in Male Wistar Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052563. [PMID: 35269702 PMCID: PMC8910732 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is an important risk factor in a broad variety of physical and mental disorders leading to highly prevalent non-communicable diseases (NCDs). However, there is a need for a deeper understanding of this condition and its progression to the disease state. For this reason, it is important to define metabolic pathways and complementary biomarkers associated with homeostatic disruption in chronic inflammation. To achieve that, male Wistar rats were subjected to intraperitoneal and intermittent injections with saline solution or increasing lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concentrations (0.5, 5 and 7.5 mg/kg) thrice a week for 31 days. Biochemical and inflammatory parameters were measured at the end of the study. To assess the omics profile, GC-qTOF and UHPLC-qTOF were performed to evaluate plasma metabolome; 1H-NMR was used to evaluate urine metabolome; additionally, shotgun metagenomics sequencing was carried out to characterize the cecum microbiome. The chronicity of inflammation in the study was evaluated by the monitoring of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) during the different weeks of the experimental process. At the end of the study, together with the increased levels of MCP-1, levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) along with 8-isoprostanes (an indicative of oxidative stress) were significantly increased (p-value < 0.05). The leading features implicated in the current model were tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates (i.e., alpha-ketoglutarate, aconitic acid, malic acid, fumaric acid and succinic acid); lipids such as specific cholesterol esters (ChoEs), lysophospholipids (LPCs) and phosphatidylcholines (PCs); and glycine, as well as N, N-dimethylglycine, which are related to one-carbon (1C) metabolism. These metabolites point towards mitochondrial metabolism through TCA cycle, β-oxidation of fatty acids and 1C metabolism as interconnected pathways that could reveal the metabolic effects of chronic inflammation induced by LPS administration. These results provide deeper knowledge concerning the impact of chronic inflammation on the disruption of metabolic homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Hernandez-Baixauli
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, 43204 Reus, Spain; (J.H.-B.); (A.C.); (L.B.-E.)
| | - Nerea Abasolo
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Centre for Omic Sciences (COS), Joint Unit Universitat Rovira i Virgili-EURECAT, 43204 Reus, Spain; (N.A.); (H.P.-J.); (E.F.-R.)
| | - Hector Palacios-Jordan
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Centre for Omic Sciences (COS), Joint Unit Universitat Rovira i Virgili-EURECAT, 43204 Reus, Spain; (N.A.); (H.P.-J.); (E.F.-R.)
| | - Elisabet Foguet-Romero
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Centre for Omic Sciences (COS), Joint Unit Universitat Rovira i Virgili-EURECAT, 43204 Reus, Spain; (N.A.); (H.P.-J.); (E.F.-R.)
| | - David Suñol
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Digital Health, 08005 Barcelona, Spain; (D.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Mar Galofré
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Digital Health, 08005 Barcelona, Spain; (D.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Antoni Caimari
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, 43204 Reus, Spain; (J.H.-B.); (A.C.); (L.B.-E.)
| | - Laura Baselga-Escudero
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, 43204 Reus, Spain; (J.H.-B.); (A.C.); (L.B.-E.)
| | - Josep M Del Bas
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, 43204 Reus, Spain; (J.H.-B.); (A.C.); (L.B.-E.)
- Correspondence: (J.M.D.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Miquel Mulero
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.M.D.B.); (M.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bolanle IO, Palmer TM. Targeting Protein O-GlcNAcylation, a Link between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Inflammatory Disease. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040705. [PMID: 35203353 PMCID: PMC8870601 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Unresolved hyperglycaemia, a hallmark of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is a well characterised manifestation of altered fuel homeostasis and our understanding of its role in the pathologic activation of the inflammatory system continues to grow. Metabolic disorders like T2DM trigger changes in the regulation of key cellular processes such as cell trafficking and proliferation, and manifest as chronic inflammatory disorders with severe long-term consequences. Activation of inflammatory pathways has recently emerged as a critical link between T2DM and inflammation. A substantial body of evidence has suggested that this is due in part to increased flux through the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP). The HBP, a unique nutrient-sensing metabolic pathway, produces the activated amino sugar UDP-GlcNAc which is a critical substrate for protein O-GlcNAcylation, a dynamic, reversible post-translational glycosylation of serine and threonine residues in target proteins. Protein O-GlcNAcylation impacts a range of cellular processes, including inflammation, metabolism, trafficking, and cytoskeletal organisation. As increased HBP flux culminates in increased protein O-GlcNAcylation, we propose that targeting O-GlcNAcylation may be a viable therapeutic strategy for the prevention and management of glucose-dependent pathologies with inflammatory components.
Collapse
|
8
|
Local immunomodulatory effects of intracanal medications in apical periodontitis. J Endod 2022; 48:430-456. [PMID: 35032538 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The immune system is an extremely complex biological network that plays a crucial role in the hemostasis of periapical tissue, pathogenesis of apical periodontitis (AP) as well as periapical tissue healing. The successful elimination of microbial infections remains a significant challenge, mostly due to the ever-growing development of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens. The bacterial endurance in the root canal system contributes to features ranging from altered post-treatment healing to exacerbation of chronic periradicular immune response, that compromise the outcome of endodontic treatment. A highly effective strategy for combating infectious diseases and the associated inflammation-mediated tissue damage is to modulate the host immune response in conjunction with antimicrobial therapy. There are several medications currently used in endodontic treatment, however, they suffer various levels of microbial resistance and do not deliver all the required characteristics to simultaneously address both intracanal bacteria and periapical inflammation. Interaction of antimicrobial agents with the immune system can impact its function, leading to immune-suppressive or immune-stimulatory effects. The group of non-conventional antimicrobial medications, such as antimicrobial peptides, propolis, and nanomaterials, are agents that provide strong antimicrobial effectiveness and concomitant immunomodulatory and/or reparative effect, without any host tissue damages. Herein, we provide an overview of local immune modulation in AP and a comprehensive review of the immunomodulatory effect of antimicrobials intracanal medications applied in endodontics with specific emphasis on the antimicrobial nanomaterial-based approaches that provide immunomodulatory potential for successful clinical deployment in endodontics.
Collapse
|
9
|
Leposavić G, Stojić-Vukanić Z. Biomarkers of aging-associated chronic inflammation as a prognostic factor for human longevity. ARHIV ZA FARMACIJU 2022. [DOI: 10.5937/arhfarm72-36135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been well-established that age-associated low-grade chronic inflammation contributes to the development of a spectrum of chronic diseases, including diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, stroke, cancer, chronic kidney disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and neurodegenerative diseases, which affect the quality of life of the elderly and influence their life span. This phenomenon is suggested to arise due to the weakening of the regulatory mechanisms of the immune response, and the persistence of exogenous and endogenous (reflecting oxidative cell injury) antigenic challenges, so it is referred to as oxi-inflamm-aging. Considering that the development of age-associated chronic inflammation is "silent", i.e., without clinical signs until the aforementioned complications become apparent, it is important to identify the biomarker(s) or pattern/cluster of biomarkers for this inflammation. It is also important to define new strategies to combat the "silent" damage induced by chronic inflammation. Given that at present there are no reliable biomarkers for chronic inflammation, this review points out the problems in defining biomarker(s) or patterns/clusters of biomarkers for chronic inflammation in order to stimulate further research and points to some possible routes of investigation.
Collapse
|
10
|
Kishen A. Endodontic therapy: Stop ringing the alarm; it is time to get out of the building! ENDODONTOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/endo.endo_159_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
11
|
Chasser KM, McGovern K, Duff AF, Trombetta M, Graham BD, Graham L, Briggs WN, Rodrigues DR, Bielke LR. Enteric permeability and inflammation associated with day of hatch Enterobacteriaceae inoculation. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101298. [PMID: 34271228 PMCID: PMC8287245 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Early exposure to Enterobacteriaceae may result in inappropriate microbial colonization of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, induce mild GI inflammation, alter immune system development, and predispose poultry to opportunistic infection. Four experiments were conducted to test Enterobacteriaceae isolates Escherichia coli LG strain (LG), E. coli Huff strain (Huff), Salmonella Enteritidis LB (SE) and Salmonella Typhimurium (ST) on ability to induce GI inflammation. All 4 experiments included a noninoculated control, and day of hatch (DOH) oral inoculation of LG, Huff, SE and ST in experiment 1, LG and SE in experiment 2, and LG, Huff, SE, and ST in experiment 3. Experiment 4 included LG, Huff, a noninoculated control (NIC), and Clostridium perfringens only (NCP) wherein birds received oral C. perfringens challenge on d15-16 to induce necrotic enteritis. Body weight was measured, yolk sacs and spleens were collected, and blood was obtained for serum fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d) recovery and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (A1GP) concentrations. Samples were taken weekly through 2 wk of age in experiments 1 and 2, or 4 wk of age in experiments 3 and 4. Increased FITC-d recovery was observed for LG and SE on d13 in experiment 2 (P < 0.05), and C. perfringens only birds on d27 in experiment 4 (P < 0.05) as compared to noninoculated controls. Each experiment resulted in notable differences in A1GP serum concentrations over time, with fluctuations in A1GP patterns through d14 based on DOH inoculation (P < 0.05). Over time, A1GP was increased for DOH inoculated birds from d 22 to 29, the fourth wk of life, and d 2-29, the entire experiment, vs. noninoculated controls in experiment 3 (P < 0.05). Similarly, NCP and LGCP showed increased A1GP from d 20 to 27 and d 6 to 27, vs. NIC in experiment 4 (P < 0.05). In experiment 4, C. perfringens challenge resulted in earlier A1GP response in DOH inoculated birds, d 17-20, as compared to NCP birds, d 20-27 (P < 0.05). These results suggest early Enterobacteriaceae exposure may influence early inflammatory state in the GI tract and may also alter patterns of inflammation and responsiveness to pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K M Chasser
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - K McGovern
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - A F Duff
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - M Trombetta
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - B D Graham
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR
| | - L Graham
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR
| | - W N Briggs
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - D R Rodrigues
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - L R Bielke
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Enzyme Therapy: Current Challenges and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179181. [PMID: 34502086 PMCID: PMC8431097 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, enzymes have risen as promising therapeutic tools for different pathologies, from metabolic deficiencies, such as fibrosis conditions, ocular pathologies or joint problems, to cancer or cardiovascular diseases. Treatments based on the catalytic activity of enzymes are able to convert a wide range of target molecules to restore the correct physiological metabolism. These treatments present several advantages compared to established therapeutic approaches thanks to their affinity and specificity properties. However, enzymes present some challenges, such as short in vivo half-life, lack of targeted action and, in particular, patient immune system reaction against the enzyme. For this reason, it is important to monitor serum immune response during treatment. This can be achieved by conventional techniques (ELISA) but also by new promising tools such as microarrays. These assays have gained popularity due to their high-throughput analysis capacity, their simplicity, and their potential to monitor the immune response of patients during enzyme therapies. In this growing field, research is still ongoing to solve current health problems such as COVID-19. Currently, promising therapeutic alternatives using the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) are being studied to treat COVID-19.
Collapse
|
13
|
Luo Y, Jiang Q, Zhu Z, Sattar H, Wu J, Huang W, Su S, Liang Y, Wang P, Meng X. Phosphoproteomics and Proteomics Reveal Metabolism as a Key Node in LPS-Induced Acute Inflammation in RAW264.7. Inflammation 2021; 43:1667-1679. [PMID: 32488682 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-020-01240-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
To better understand the acute inflammatory mechanisms, the modulation, and to investigate the key node in predicting inflammatory diseases, high-sensitivity LC-MS/MS-based proteomics and phosphoproteomics approaches were used to identify differential proteins in RAW264.7 macrophages with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Furthermore, differential proteins and their main biological process, as well as signaling pathways, were analyzed through bioinformatics techniques. The biological process comparison revealed 219 differential proteins and 405 differential phosphorylation proteins, including major regulatory factors of metabolism (PFKL, PGK1, GYS1, ACC, HSL, LDHA, RAB14, PRKAA1), inflammatory signaling transduction (IKKs, NF-κB, IRAK, IKBkb, PI3K, AKT), and apoptosis (MCL-1, BID, NOXA, SQSTM1). Label-free proteome demonstrated canonical inflammation signaling pathways such as the TNF signaling pathway, NF-κB signaling pathway, and NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. Meanwhile, phosphoproteome revealed new areas of acute inflammation. Phosphoproteomics profiled that glycolysis was enhanced and lipid synthesis was increased. Overall, the AMPK signaling pathway is the key regulatory part in macrophages. These revealed that the early initiation phase of acute inflammation primarily regulated the phosphoproteins of glucose metabolic pathway and lipid synthesis to generate energy and molecules, along with the enhancement of pro-inflammatory factors, and further induced apoptosis. Phosphoproteomics provides new evidence for a complex network of specific but synergistically acting mechanisms confirming that metabolism has a key role in acute inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Luo
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengwen Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Haseeb Sattar
- International School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiasi Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenge Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu Su
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Yusheng Liang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xianli Meng
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
HIPK2 phosphorylates HDAC3 for NF-κB acetylation to ameliorate colitis-associated colorectal carcinoma and sepsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2021798118. [PMID: 34244427 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2021798118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Although inflammation is critical for the clearance of pathogens, uncontrolled inflammation also contributes to the development of multiple diseases such as cancer and sepsis. Since NF-κB-mediated transactivation in the nucleus is pivotal downstream of various stimuli to induce inflammation, searching the nuclear-localized targets specifically regulating NF-κB activation will provide important therapeutic application. Here, we have identified that homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2 (HIPK2), a nuclear serine/threonine kinase, increases its expression in inflammatory macrophages. Importantly, HIPK2 deficiency or overexpression could enhance or inhibit inflammatory responses in LPS-stimulated macrophages, respectively. HIPK2-deficient mice were more susceptible to LPS-induced endotoxemia and CLP-induced sepsis. Adoptive transfer of Hipk2 +/- bone marrow cells (BMs) also aggravated AOM/DSS-induced colorectal cancer. Mechanistically, HIPK2 bound and phosphorylated histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) at serine 374 to inhibit its enzymatic activity, thus reducing the deacetylation of p65 at lysine 218 to suppress NF-κB activation. Notably, the HDAC3 inhibitors protected wild-type or Hipk2 -/- BMs-reconstituted mice from LPS-induced endotoxemia. Our findings suggest that the HIPK2-HDAC3-p65 module in macrophages restrains excessive inflammation, which may represent a new layer of therapeutic mechanism for colitis-associated colorectal cancer and sepsis.
Collapse
|
15
|
The diverse roles of myeloid derived suppressor cells in mucosal immunity. Cell Immunol 2021; 365:104361. [PMID: 33984533 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2021.104361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The mucosal immune system plays a vital role in protecting the host from the external environment. Its major challenge is to balance immune responses against harmful and harmless agents and serve as a 'homeostatic gate keeper'. Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of undifferentiated cells that are characterized by an immunoregulatory and immunosuppressive phenotype. Herein we postulate that MDSCs may be involved in shaping immune responses related to mucosal immunity, due to their immunomodulatory and tissue remodeling functions. Until recently, MDSCs were investigated mainly in cancerous diseases, where they induce and contribute to an immunosuppressive and inflammatory environment that favors tumor development. However, it is now becoming clear that MDSCs participate in non-cancerous conditions such as chronic infections, autoimmune diseases, pregnancy, aging processes and immune tolerance to commensal microbiota at mucosal sites. Since MDSCs are found in the periphery only in small numbers under normal conditions, their role is highlighted during pathologies characterized by acute or chronic inflammation, when they accumulate and become activated. In this review, we describe several aspects of the current knowledge characterizing MDSCs and their involvement in the regulation of the mucosal epithelial barrier, their crosstalk with commensal microbiota and pathogenic microorganisms, and their complex interactions with a variety of surrounding regulatory and effector immune cells. Finally, we discuss the beneficial and harmful outcomes of the MDSC regulatory functions in diseases affecting mucosal tissues. We wish to illuminate the pivotal role of MDSCs in mucosal immunity, the limitations in our understanding of all the players and the intricate challenges stemming from the complex interactions of MDSCs with their environment.
Collapse
|
16
|
Ferreccio C, Huidobro A, Cortés S, Bambs C, Toro P, Van De Wyngard V, Acevedo J, Paredes F, Venegas P, Verdejo H, Oyarzún-González X, Cook P, Castro PF, Foerster C, Vargas C, Koshiol J, Araya JC, Cruz F, Corvalán AH, Quest AF, Kogan MJ, Lavandero S. Cohort Profile: The Maule Cohort (MAUCO). Int J Epidemiol 2021; 49:760-761i. [PMID: 32176288 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyaa003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Catterina Ferreccio
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrea Huidobro
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina, School of Medicine, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Sandra Cortés
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Bambs
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Toro
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Vanessa Van De Wyngard
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Johanna Acevedo
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Epidemiología, Ministerio de Salud, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fabio Paredes
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pía Venegas
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hugo Verdejo
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ximena Oyarzún-González
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Paz Cook
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo F Castro
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Foerster
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Instituto de Ciencias Agronómicas y Veterinarias, Universidad de O'Higgins, Rancagua, Chile
| | - Claudio Vargas
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Matemáticas y Ciencias de la computación, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jill Koshiol
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Araya
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Francisco Cruz
- Facultad de Medicina, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandro H Corvalán
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrew F Quest
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcelo J Kogan
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Química, Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Química, Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Química, Farmacología y Toxicología, Cardiology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ruan QF, Pan WC, Zhao M, Tang YQ, Chen XJ, Bai JY, Jin J, Cui H, Zhao ZX. Butyrolactone and sesquiterpene derivatives as inhibitors of iNOS from the roots of Lindera glauca. Bioorg Chem 2021; 111:104871. [PMID: 33839581 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nine previously undescribed butyrolactone and sesquiterpene derivatives, named cyclopentanone A (1), subamolides F and G (2 and 3), secosubamolide F (4), rupestonic acids J - L (5-7), linderaguaianols A and B (8 and 9), together with six known ones 10-15 were isolated from the roots of Lindera glauca. Their structures, including their absolute configurations were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis, quantum chemical calculations, and Mo2(AcO)4-induced circular dichroism. Compound 1 that possessed a unique five-membered cyclopentane skeleton with a side chain was rarely found from natural sources. The biogenetic pathway for 1-4 was postulated. Secosubamolide F (4) inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7 cells with IC50 value of 1.73 ± 0.18 μM and also significantly suppressed the production of iNOS. The binding interactions between 4 and iNOS were investigated using docking analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Feng Ruan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wen-Cong Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Min Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yu-Qian Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jing-Yan Bai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jing Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hui Cui
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zhong-Xiang Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Importance of myeloid derived suppressor cells in cancer from a biomarker perspective. Cell Immunol 2020; 361:104280. [PMID: 33445053 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are a heterogenous population of immature myeloid cells that accumulate in tumor bearing host and migrate to lymphoid organs and tumor tissues. This process is controlled by a set of defined pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which are upregulated in malignancies. MDSC have strong immunosuppressive potential and constitute a major component of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Tumor cells take advantage of the suppressive mechanisms of MDSC to establish an immunosuppressive TME which inhibits antitumor immune responses thereby promoting cancer progression. An immunosuppressive TME acts as a significant barrier to immunotherapeutic interventions. Pre-clinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that enrichment and activation of MDSC is correlated with tumor progression, recurrence and metastasis. In this review we discuss the potential impact of MDSC on tumor progression and its role as a biomarker of prognostic significance in cancer with a special focus on hepatocellular cancer (HCC).
Collapse
|
19
|
Amina M, Al Musayeib NM, Alarfaj NA, El-Tohamy MF, Al-Hamoud GA. Antibacterial and Immunomodulatory Potentials of Biosynthesized Ag, Au, Ag-Au Bimetallic Alloy Nanoparticles Using the Asparagus racemosus Root Extract. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E2453. [PMID: 33302432 PMCID: PMC7762544 DOI: 10.3390/nano10122453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Two noble metals, such as silver and gold alloy nanoparticles, were successfully synthesized by the microwave assisted method in the presence of the Asparagus racemosus root extract and were used as an antibacterial and immunomodulatory agent. The nanostuctures of the synthesized nanoparticles were confirmed by various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. The UV-vis spectrum exhibits a distinct absorption peak at 483 nm for the bimetallic alloy nanoparticles. The microscopic analysis revealed the spherical shaped morphology of the biosynthesized nanoparticles with a particle size of 10-50 nm. The antibacterial potential of the green synthesized single metal (AgNPs and AuNPs) and bimetallic alloy nanoparticles was tested against five bacterial strains. The bimetallic alloy nanoparticles displayed the highest zone of inhibition against P. aeurgnosia and S.aureus strains when compared to single metal nanoparticles and plant extract. In addition, the inmmunomodulatory potential of the root extract of A. racemosus, AgNPs, AuNPs, and Ag-Au alloy NPs is achieved by measuring the cytokine levels in macrophages (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and NK cells (IFN-γ) of NK92 and THP1 cells using the solid phase sandwich ELISA technique. The results showed that the root extract of A. racemosus, AgNPs, and AuNPs can reduce the pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in the macrophages cells, while Ag-Au alloy NPs can reduce cytokine responses in NK92 cells. Overall, this study shows that the microwave assisted biogenic synthesized bimetallic nanoalloy nanoparticles could be further explored for the development of antibacterial and anti-inflammatory therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Musarat Amina
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmacy College, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (N.M.A.M.); (G.A.A.-H.)
| | - Nawal M. Al Musayeib
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmacy College, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (N.M.A.M.); (G.A.A.-H.)
| | - Nawal A. Alarfaj
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Maha F. El-Tohamy
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Gadah A. Al-Hamoud
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmacy College, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (N.M.A.M.); (G.A.A.-H.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Smith MT, Guyton KZ, Kleinstreuer N, Borrel A, Cardenas A, Chiu WA, Felsher DW, Gibbons CF, Goodson WH, Houck KA, Kane AB, La Merrill MA, Lebrec H, Lowe L, McHale CM, Minocherhomji S, Rieswijk L, Sandy MS, Sone H, Wang A, Zhang L, Zeise L, Fielden M. The Key Characteristics of Carcinogens: Relationship to the Hallmarks of Cancer, Relevant Biomarkers, and Assays to Measure Them. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:1887-1903. [PMID: 32152214 PMCID: PMC7483401 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-19-1346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The key characteristics (KC) of human carcinogens provide a uniform approach to evaluating mechanistic evidence in cancer hazard identification. Refinements to the approach were requested by organizations and individuals applying the KCs. We assembled an expert committee with knowledge of carcinogenesis and experience in applying the KCs in cancer hazard identification. We leveraged this expertise and examined the literature to more clearly describe each KC, identify current and emerging assays and in vivo biomarkers that can be used to measure them, and make recommendations for future assay development. We found that the KCs are clearly distinct from the Hallmarks of Cancer, that interrelationships among the KCs can be leveraged to strengthen the KC approach (and an understanding of environmental carcinogenesis), and that the KC approach is applicable to the systematic evaluation of a broad range of potential cancer hazards in vivo and in vitro We identified gaps in coverage of the KCs by current assays. Future efforts should expand the breadth, specificity, and sensitivity of validated assays and biomarkers that can measure the 10 KCs. Refinement of the KC approach will enhance and accelerate carcinogen identification, a first step in cancer prevention.See all articles in this CEBP Focus section, "Environmental Carcinogenesis: Pathways to Prevention."
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martyn T Smith
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California.
| | - Kathryn Z Guyton
- Monographs Programme, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Nicole Kleinstreuer
- Division of Intramural Research, Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
- National Toxicology Program Interagency Center for the Evaluation of Alternative Toxicological Methods, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Alexandre Borrel
- Division of Intramural Research, Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Andres Cardenas
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Weihsueh A Chiu
- Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Dean W Felsher
- Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Catherine F Gibbons
- Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C
| | - William H Goodson
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California
| | - Keith A Houck
- Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Agnes B Kane
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Michele A La Merrill
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Herve Lebrec
- Comparative Biology & Safety Sciences, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California
| | - Leroy Lowe
- Getting to Know Cancer, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Cliona M McHale
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Sheroy Minocherhomji
- Comparative Biology & Safety Sciences, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California
| | - Linda Rieswijk
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
- Institute of Data Science, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Martha S Sandy
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, California
| | - Hideko Sone
- Yokohama University of Pharmacy and National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Amy Wang
- Office of the Report on Carcinogens, Division of National Toxicology Program, The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Luoping Zhang
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Lauren Zeise
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, California
| | - Mark Fielden
- Expansion Therapeutics Inc, San Diego, California
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Guo H, Ahn S, Zhang L. Benzene-associated immunosuppression and chronic inflammation in humans: a systematic review. Occup Environ Med 2020; 78:oemed-2020-106517. [PMID: 32938756 PMCID: PMC7960562 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2020-106517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent evidence has accumulated that the immune system is intimately intertwined with cancer development. Two key characteristics of carcinogens in which the immune system plays a central role are chronic inflammation and immunosuppression. In this systematic review, we investigated the association of chronic inflammatory and immunosuppressive outcomes with benzene, a widely used industrial chemical. Benzene has been confirmed to cause acute myeloid leukaemia and suspected to cause non-Hodgkin lymphoma, two cancers of the blood-forming system that affect immune cells. METHODS We systematically searched PubMed and Embase for all relevant studies using a combination of Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and selected key words. The detailed review protocol, including search strategy, was registered with PROSPERO, the international prospective register of systematic reviews (#CRD42019138611). RESULTS Based on all human studies selected in the final review, we report new evidence of a benzene-induced immunosuppressive effect on the adaptive immune system and activation of the innate immune system to cause inflammation. In particular, benzene significantly lowers the number of white blood cells, particularly lymphocytes such as CD4+ T-cells, B-cells and natural killer cells, and increases proinflammatory biomarkers at low levels of exposure. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive review of benzene's immunotoxicity in humans. Based on results obtained from this review, we propose two potential immunotoxic mechanisms of how benzene induces leukaemia/lymphoma: (1) cancer invasion caused by proinflammatory cytokine production, and (2) cancer promotion via impaired immunosurveillance. Further studies will be required to confirm the connection between benzene exposure and its effects on the immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen Guo
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Stacy Ahn
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Luoping Zhang
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chlorogenic Acid Potentiates the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Curcumin in LPS-Stimulated THP-1 Cells. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092706. [PMID: 32899726 PMCID: PMC7551420 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin are well documented. However, the bioavailability of curcumin is a major barrier to its biological efficacy. Low-dose combination of complimentary bioactives appears to be an attractive strategy for limiting barriers to efficacy of bioactive compounds. In this study, the anti-inflammatory potential of curcumin in combination with chlorogenic acid (CGA), was investigated using human THP-1 macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Curcumin alone suppressed TNF-α production in a dose-dependent manner with a decrease in cell viability at higher doses. Although treatment with CGA alone had no effect on TNF-α production, it however enhanced cell viability and co-administration with curcumin at a 1:1 ratio caused a synergistic reduction in TNF-α production with no impact on cell viability. Furthermore, an qRT-PCR analysis of NF-κB pathway components and inflammatory biomarkers indicated that CGA alone was not effective in reducing the mRNA expression of any of the tested inflammatory marker genes, except TLR-4. However, co-administration of CGA with curcumin, potentiated the anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin. Curcumin and CGA together reduced the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines [TNF-α (~88%) and IL-6 (~99%)], and COX-2 (~92%), possibly by suppression of NF-κB (~78%), IκB-β-kinase (~60%) and TLR-4 receptor (~72%) at the mRNA level. Overall, co-administration with CGA improved the inflammation-lowering effects of curcumin in THP-1 cells.
Collapse
|
23
|
Brown LC, Murphy AR, Lalonde CS, Subhedar PD, Miller AH, Stevens JS. Posttraumatic stress disorder and breast cancer: Risk factors and the role of inflammation and endocrine function. Cancer 2020; 126:3181-3191. [PMID: 32374431 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.32934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A breast cancer diagnosis can be a life-changing and stressful experience that can lead to chronic mental health conditions such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Greater than one-third of patients initially diagnosed with PTSD after a diagnosis of breast cancer continue to have persistent or worsening PTSD symptoms after 4 years. An emerging body of literature has indicated several key environmental and biological risk factors for PTSD among survivors of breast cancer. Well-recognized risk factors include having a history of childhood trauma, being nonwhite, obesity, younger age at the time of diagnosis, diagnosis with a higher stage of breast cancer, and short time since treatment. Of the emerging risk factors related to fear circuitry in the brain, 2 pathways of particular importance are the stress-driven activation of inflammatory pathways and the long-term effect of antiendocrine therapies. These central and peripheral responses during and after stress exposure are important because increased fear and anxiety can lead to the maintenance of PTSD and worse patient outcomes. Given the poor outcomes associated with PTSD and the high prevalence of breast cancer in women, more research to identify those women at heightened risk of PTSD after breast cancer is warranted to reduce the number of diagnoses and lessen the negative impact of this chronic mental health condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren C Brown
- Emory University College of Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Amy R Murphy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Chloe S Lalonde
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Preeti D Subhedar
- Glenn Family Breast Center, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Andrew H Miller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Glenn Family Breast Center, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jennifer S Stevens
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Glenn Family Breast Center, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Rodrigues DR, Wilson KM, Trombetta M, Briggs WN, Duff AF, Chasser KM, Bottje WG, Bielke L. A Proteomic View of the Cross-Talk Between Early Intestinal Microbiota and Poultry Immune System. Front Physiol 2020; 11:20. [PMID: 32116744 PMCID: PMC7031415 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteomics has been used to investigate cross-talk between the intestinal microbiome and host biological processes. In this study, an in ovo technique and a proteomics approach was used to address how early bacterial colonization in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) could modulate inflammatory and immune responses in young broilers. Embryos at 18 embryogenic days were inoculated with saline (S), 102 CFU of Citrobacter freundii (CF), Citrobacter species (C2), or lactic acid bacteria mixture (L) into the amnion. At 10 days posthatch, ileum samples from 12 birds per treatment were selected for tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Our further findings indicated that treatment-specific influences on early GIT microbiota resulted in different immune responses in mature broilers. Predicted functional analyses revealed activation of inflammation pathways in broilers treated in ovo with L and CF. Exposure to L enhanced functional annotation related to activation, trafficking of immune cells, and skeletal growth based-network, while CF inhibited biological functions associated with immune cell migration and inflammatory response. These results highlighted that proper immune function was dependent on specific GIT microbiota profiles, in which early-life exposure to L-based probiotic may have modulated the immune functions, whereas neonatal colonization of Enterobacteriaceae strains may have led to immune dysregulation associated with chronic inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D. R. Rodrigues
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - K. M. Wilson
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - M. Trombetta
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - W. N. Briggs
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - A. F. Duff
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - K. M. Chasser
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - W. G. Bottje
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - L. Bielke
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhao Z, Xiao X, Saw PE, Wu W, Huang H, Chen J, Nie Y. Chimeric antigen receptor T cells in solid tumors: a war against the tumor microenvironment. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2019; 63:180-205. [PMID: 31883066 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-019-9665-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell is a novel approach, which utilizes anti-tumor immunity for cancer treatment. As compared to the traditional cell-mediated immunity, CAR-T possesses the improved specificity of tumor antigens and independent cytotoxicity from major histocompatibility complex molecules through a monoclonal antibody in addition to the T-cell receptor. CAR-T cell has proven its effectiveness, primarily in hematological malignancies, specifically where the CD 19 CAR-T cells were used to treat B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and B-cell lymphomas. Nevertheless, there is little progress in the treatment of solid tumors despite the fact that many CAR agents have been created to target tumor antigens such as CEA, EGFR/EGFRvIII, GD2, HER2, MSLN, MUC1, and other antigens. The main obstruction against the progress of research in solid tumors is the tumor microenvironment, in which several elements, such as poor locating ability, immunosuppressive cells, cytokines, chemokines, immunosuppressive checkpoints, inhibitory metabolic factors, tumor antigen loss, and antigen heterogeneity, could affect the potency of CAR-T cells. To overcome these hurdles, researchers have reconstructed the CAR-T cells in various ways. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current research in this field, analyze the mechanisms of the major barriers mentioned above, outline the main solutions, and discuss the outlook of this novel immunotherapeutic modality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Xiaoyun Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Department of Ultrasound, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Phei Er Saw
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Hongyan Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Jiewen Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yan Nie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Elbagory AM, Hussein AA, Meyer M. The In Vitro Immunomodulatory Effects Of Gold Nanoparticles Synthesized From Hypoxis hemerocallidea Aqueous Extract And Hypoxoside On Macrophage And Natural Killer Cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:9007-9018. [PMID: 31819415 PMCID: PMC6875510 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s216972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Macrophages and Natural Killer (NK) cells are an integral part of the innate immune system. These cells produce pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to bacterial infections. However, prolonged inflammation can be a contributing factor in the etiology of several diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis and eczema. Reducing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines is an effective treatment strategy for these conditions. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been shown to have immunosuppressive effects. Extracts of the Hypoxis hemerocallidea plant have also been shown to have immunomodulatory effects. It has been demonstrated previously that extracts of the H. hemerocallidea can be used to synthesize AuNPs. Purpose This study aimed to investigate whether AuNPs synthesized using H. hemerocallidea extract and its major secondary metabolite, hypoxoside, have any immunomodulatory effects in macrophages and NK cells. Methodology AuNPs derived from the H. hemerocallidea extract were synthesized as previously described. Using similar methodologies, this study shows for the first time the synthesis of AuNPs from hypoxoside. The AuNPs were characterized using several optical and spectroscopic techniques. The immunomodulatory effects of the aqueous extract of H. hemerocallidea, hypoxoside, as well as the AuNPs produced from the extract and hypoxoside, were investigated by measuring the cytokine levels in macrophages (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) and NK cells (IFN-γ) using solid phase sandwich ELISA technique. Results The results show that spherical AuNPs (average size 26 ± 2 nm) were synthesized from hypoxoside. The results also show that the four treatments (H. hemerocallidea extract, hypoxoside and their respective AuNPs can lower the pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in the macrophages cells, while only AuNPs produced from hypoxoside can reduce cytokine responses in NK cells. Conclusion This study shows that all four treatments investigated here could be further explored for the development of anti-inflammatory therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman M Elbagory
- DST/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa
| | - Ahmed A Hussein
- Chemistry Department, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville 7535, South Africa
| | - Mervin Meyer
- DST/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Liu Y, Li T, Alim A, Ren D, Zhao Y, Yang X. Regulatory Effects of Stachyose on Colonic and Hepatic Inflammation, Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis, and Peripheral CD4 + T Cell Distribution Abnormality in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:11665-11674. [PMID: 31588753 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A long-term high-fat diet (HFD) can cause a range of health problems. Gut microbiota plays a decisive role in the development of HFD-associated inflammation, involved in function of T cells. This study was designed to probe the regulative effects of dietary stachyose, a functional oligosaccharide, on HFD-induced weight gain, inflammation, gut microbiota dysbiosis, and T cell abnormality in C57Bl/6 mice. Mice were divided into three groups which received normal chow, HFD and HFD plus stachyose (400 mg/kg), respectively. Results showed that administration of stachyose diminished the HFD-induced upregulation of serum TNF-α level and elevation of peripheral blood leukocyte populations to alleviate the HFD-caused colonic and hepatic inflammation in mice. Analysis of gut microbiota revealed that stachyose improved the intestinal homeostasis of HFD-fed mice by improving the bacterial diversity with the increases in the relative abundances of the Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group, Parasutterella, Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, and Anaerovorax, as well as the fecal level of butanoic acid, while decreasing the ratio of Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes and the abundances of the Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Desulfovibrio, Anaerotruncus, Mucispirillum, Roseburia, and Odoribacter. Flow cytometric analysis showed that stachyose antagonized the HFD-induced decrease of peripheral CD4+ T cell population in mice. Conclusively, these findings suggest that long-term consumption of stachyose can ameliorate the HFD-associated colonic and hepatic inflammation and its complications by modulating gut microbiota.
Collapse
|
28
|
Li Y, Xie M, Men L, Du J. O-GlcNAcylation in immunity and inflammation: An intricate system (Review). Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:363-374. [PMID: 31198979 PMCID: PMC6605495 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic, low‑grade inflammation associated with obesity and diabetes result from the infiltration of adipose and vascular tissue by immune cells and contributes to cardiovascular complications. Despite an incomplete understanding of the mechanistic underpinnings of immune cell differentiation and inflammation, O‑GlcNAcylation, the addition of O‑linked N‑acetylglucosamine (O‑GlcNAc) to cytoplasmic, nuclear and mitochondrial proteins by the two cycling enzymes, the O‑linked N‑acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT) and the O‑GlcNAcase (OGA), may contribute to fine‑tune immunity and inflammation in both physiological and pathological conditions. Early studies have indicated that O‑GlcNAcylation of proteins play a pro‑inflammatory role in diabetes and insulin resistance, whereas subsequent studies have demonstrated that this post‑translational modification could also be protective against acute injuries. These studies suggest that diverse types of insults result in dynamic changes to O‑GlcNAcylation patterns, which fluctuate with cellular metabolism to promote or inhibit inflammation. In this review, the current understanding of O‑GlcNAcylation and its adaptive modulation in immune and inflammatory responses is summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- Department of Endocrinology
| | - Mingzheng Xie
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | | | - Jianling Du
- Department of Endocrinology
- Correspondence to: Dr Jianling Du, Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 193 Lianhe Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China, E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Lei B, Zhou J, Xuan X, Tian Z, Zhang M, Gao W, Lin Y, Ni B, Pang H, Fan W. Circular RNA expression profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in hepatocellular carcinoma patients by sequence analysis. Cancer Med 2019; 8:1423-1433. [PMID: 30714679 PMCID: PMC6488130 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a large class of noncoding RNAs that have potential regulatory roles in disease pathogenesis and progression. Recently, circRNAs have been found to be expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and involved in the development and metastasis of HCC. However, the significance of circRNAs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of HCC patients remains unclear. In this study, RNA sequencing analysis was performed to identify circRNAs from four HCC patients and three healthy controls to determine the expression pattern of circRNAs in the PBMCs and the circRNAs’ molecular regulatory networks in HCC pathogenesis. A total of 58 circRNAs were found to be significantly changed (≥2 or ≤0.5‐fold) in the PBMCs of HCC patients compared with those of the healthy cases. Six random representative circRNAs (three up‐ and three down‐regulated) were further validated by real‐time RT‐PCR in 72 samples of PBMCs from HCC patients and 30 control subjects. Chi‐square test indicated that one of the up‐regulated circRNA candidates—circ_0000798—was correlated with clinical variables. Highly expressed circ_0000798 was associated with poor overall survival of HCC patients. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis further revealed that circ_0000798 was discriminating HCC patients from healthy controls. Finally, the predicted competing endogenous RNA network of circ_0000798 showed that it might act as a “sponge” of target microRNAs, that would subsequently regulate the expression of target genes in PBMCs. In summary, this is the first study to comprehensively identify dysregulated circRNAs in PBMCs of HCC patients, and its findings suggest that dysregulated circ_0000798 in PBMCs has potential as a convenient biomarker for diagnosing or prognosticating HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lei
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiuyun Xuan
- Department of Kidney, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengjie Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weiwu Gao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuxin Lin
- Bellevue Christian High School, Bellevue, Washington
| | - Bing Ni
- Department of Pathophysiology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Pang
- Department of Immunology, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Weiping Fan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Monmai C, Go SH, Shin IS, You SG, Lee H, Kang SB, Park WJ. Immune-Enhancement and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Fatty Acids Extracted from Halocynthia aurantium Tunic in RAW264.7 Cells. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16090309. [PMID: 30200438 PMCID: PMC6163248 DOI: 10.3390/md16090309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Halocynthia aurantium, an edible ascidian species, has not been studied scientifically, even though tunicates and ascidians are well-known to contain several unique and biologically active materials. The current study investigated the fatty acid profiles of the H. aurantium tunic and its immune-regulatory effects on RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Results of the fatty acid profile analysis showed a difference in ratios, depending on the fatty acids being analysed, including those of saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). In particular, omega-3 fatty acids, such as eicosatrienoic acid n-3 (ETA n-3), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), were much higher than omega-6 fatty acids. Moreover, the H. aurantium tunic fatty acids, significantly and dose-dependently, increased the NO and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production in RAW264.7 cells, for immune-enhancement without cytotoxicity. In addition, these fatty acids regulated the transcription of immune-associated genes, including iNOS, IL-1β, IL-6, COX-2, and TNF-α. These actions were activated and deactivated via Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)and NF-κB signaling, to regulate the immune responses. Conversely, the H. aurantium tunic fatty acids effectively suppressed the inflammatory cytokine expressions, including iNOS, IL-1β, IL-6, COX-2, and TNF-α, in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Productions of COX-2 and PGE2, which are key biomarkers for inflammation, were also significantly reduced. These results elucidated the immune-enhancement and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of the H. aurantium tunic fatty acids in macrophage cells. Moreover, the H. aurantium tunic might be a potential fatty acid source for immune-modulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaiwat Monmai
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon 25457, Korea.
| | - Seok Hyeon Go
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon 25457, Korea.
| | - Ii-Shik Shin
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon 25457, Korea.
| | - Sang Guan You
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon 25457, Korea.
| | - Hyungjae Lee
- Department of Food Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam 31116, Korea.
| | - Seok Beom Kang
- Citrus Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Seogwipo 63607, Korea.
| | - Woo Jung Park
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon 25457, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Caron JP, Gandy JC, Brown JL, Sordillo LM. Docosahexaenoic acid-derived oxidized lipid metabolites modulate the inflammatory response of lipolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2018; 136:76-83. [PMID: 29763660 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation has demonstrated beneficial effects in a number of inflammatory diseases. Increasingly, important contributions to its favorable effects are attributed downstream metabolites called docosanoids. Herein, we investigated the role of DHA-derived oxidized lipid metabolites on inflammatory mediator expression by RAW 264.7 murine macrophages. Specifically, macrophage incorporation of DHA, and the resultant biosynthesis of selected pro-resolving docosanoids was quantified. Docosanoid effects on the expression of selected pro-inflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated cultures was determined. Macrophages incorporated DHA in significant amounts. In the presence of DHA macrophages produced statistically significant amounts of several putative pro-resolving docosanoids compared to untreated controls. Among them, resolvins D1 and D2 and maresin 1 abrogated COX-2 and IL-1β gene expression in LPS-stimulated macrophages. In addition to these mediators, protectin DX inhibited LPS-stimulated macrophage expression of IL-6. Our results demonstrate that macrophages incorporate DHA in quantities sufficient for the biosynthesis of biologically-relevant concentrations of a number of pro-resolving docosanoids, certain of which modulate the inflammatory response of macrophages under conditions mimicking acute inflammation. These data provide further information on the mechanism(s) by which DHA exerts salutary effects on the inflammatory response of macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John P Caron
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48823-1314, USA.
| | - Jeffrey C Gandy
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48823-1314, USA
| | - Jennifer L Brown
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48823-1314, USA
| | - Lorraine M Sordillo
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48823-1314, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ben-Meir K, Twaik N, Baniyash M. Plasticity and biological diversity of myeloid derived suppressor cells. Curr Opin Immunol 2018; 51:154-161. [PMID: 29614426 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are immature myeloid cells characterized by diverse phenotypes and functions. They impair effector functions of immune cells and promote tumor growth, angiogenesis, and tissue damage. In pathologies characterized by chronic inflammation, MDSCs are arrested in their immature state and migrate from the bone marrow to the periphery and to the site of inflammation, where they mediate immunosuppression. When reaching new environments, which exhibit a different array of cytokines, chemokines, and pro-inflammatory mediators, MDSCs sense and adapt to the altered micro-environment by virtue of acquiring different suppressive features/functions that involve changing their cell fate, surface receptors, metabolism and intracellular as well as secreted molecules. This review summarizes some of the latest publications highlighting various layers of MDSC plasticity in relation to different pathologies. We discuss treatments capitalizing on MDSC plasticity aimed at combating MDSCs or manipulating their suppressive activity for improved therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kerem Ben-Meir
- The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Israel-Canada Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, POB 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Nira Twaik
- The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Israel-Canada Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, POB 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Michal Baniyash
- The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Israel-Canada Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, POB 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Enhanced Suppressive Activity of Regulatory T Cells in the Microenvironment of Malignant Pleural Effusions. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:9876014. [PMID: 29785404 PMCID: PMC5896249 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9876014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer metastatic spread to serous cavity causes malignant pleural effusions (MPEs), indicating dismal prognosis. Tumor microenvironment can implement suppressive activity on host immune responses. Thus, we investigated the prevalence of Tregs and the relationship between them and TGF-β and IL-10 concentrations and measured expression of FOXP3, CTLA-4, CD28, and GITR genes, as well as protein expression of selected genes in benign effusions and MPEs. The percentage of Tregs was determined by means of multicolor flow cytometry system. TGF-β and IL-10 concentrations were measured using human TGF-β1 and IL-10 ELISA kit. Relative mRNA expression of studied genes was analyzed by real-time PCR. The frequency of Tregs was significantly higher in MPEs compared to benign effusions; however, the level of TGF-β and IL-10 in analyzed groups was comparable, and no correlation between concentrations of TGF-β and IL-10 and percentage of Tregs was observed. Relative mRNA expression of all the genes was higher in CD4+CD25+ compared to CD4+CD25− cells. In CD4+CD25+ cells from MPEs, relative mRNA expression of FOXP3, CTLA-4, and CD28 genes was significantly higher than in benign effusions; however, the level of CD4+CD25+CTLA-4+ cells in analyzed groups showed no significant differences. We found numerous genes correlations in an entire CD4+CD25+ cell subset and CD4+CD25+ cells from MPEs. Enhanced suppressive activity of Tregs is observed in the microenvironment of MPEs. Understanding of relations between cellular and cytokine immunosuppressive factors in tumor microenvironment may determine success of anticancer response.
Collapse
|
34
|
Lordan R, Tsoupras A, Zabetakis I. Phospholipids of Animal and Marine Origin: Structure, Function, and Anti-Inflammatory Properties. Molecules 2017; 22:E1964. [PMID: 29135918 PMCID: PMC6150200 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22111964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review paper, the latest literature on the functional properties of phospholipids in relation to inflammation and inflammation-related disorders has been critically appraised and evaluated. The paper is divided into three sections: Section 1 presents an overview of the relationship between structures and biological activities (pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory) of several phospholipids with respect to inflammation. Section 2 and Section 3 are dedicated to the structures, functions, compositions and anti-inflammatory properties of dietary phospholipids from animal and marine sources. Most of the dietary phospholipids of animal origin come from meat, egg and dairy products. To date, there is very limited work published on meat phospholipids, undoubtedly due to the negative perception that meat consumption is an unhealthy option because of its putative associations with several chronic diseases. These assumptions are addressed with respect to the phospholipid composition of meat products. Recent research trends indicate that dairy phospholipids possess anti-inflammatory properties, which has led to an increased interest into their molecular structures and reputed health benefits. Finally, the structural composition of phospholipids of marine origin is discussed. Extensive research has been published in relation to ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and inflammation, however this research has recently come under scrutiny and has proved to be unreliable and controversial in terms of the therapeutic effects of ω-3 PUFA, which are generally in the form of triglycerides and esters. Therefore, this review focuses on recent publications concerning marine phospholipids and their structural composition and related health benefits. Finally, the strong nutritional value of dietary phospholipids are highlighted with respect to marine and animal origin and avenues for future research are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronan Lordan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Alexandros Tsoupras
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Ioannis Zabetakis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|