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Li C, Zhang J, Pan P, Zhang J, Hou X, Wang Y, Chen G, Muhammad P, Reis RL, Ding L, Wang Y. Humanistic Health Management and Cancer: Associations of Psychology, Nutrition, and Exercise with Cancer Progression and Pathogenesis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2400665. [PMID: 38526194 PMCID: PMC11165509 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The incidence rate of cancer is increasing year by year due to the aging of the population, unhealthy living, and eating habits. At present, surgery and medication are still the main treatments for cancer, without paying attention to the impact of individual differences in health management on cancer. However, increasing evidence suggests that individual psychological status, dietary habits, and exercise frequency are closely related to the risk and prognosis of cancer. The reminder to humanity is that the medical concept of the unified treatment plan is insufficient in cancer treatment, and a personalized treatment plan may become a breakthrough point. On this basis, the concept of "Humanistic Health Management" (HHM) is proposed. This concept is a healthcare plan that focuses on self-health management, providing an accurate and comprehensive evaluation of individual lifestyle habits, psychology, and health status, and developing personalized and targeted comprehensive cancer prevention and treatment plans. This review will provide a detailed explanation of the relationship between psychological status, dietary, and exercise habits, and the regulatory mechanisms of cancer. Intended to emphasize the importance of HHM concept in cancer prevention and better prognostic efficacy, providing new ideas for the new generation of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Li
- International Joint Research Center of Human‐machine Intelligent Collaborative for Tumor Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Hainan Province & Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of EducationSchool of Pharmacy & The First Affiliated HospitalHainan Medical UniversityHaikou571199P. R. China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Tumor Precision Targeting Research Center & Institute of Nanochemistry and NanobiologySchool of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai200444P. R. China
| | - Pengcheng Pan
- International Joint Research Center of Human‐machine Intelligent Collaborative for Tumor Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Hainan Province & Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of EducationSchool of Pharmacy & The First Affiliated HospitalHainan Medical UniversityHaikou571199P. R. China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- International Joint Research Center of Human‐machine Intelligent Collaborative for Tumor Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Hainan Province & Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of EducationSchool of Pharmacy & The First Affiliated HospitalHainan Medical UniversityHaikou571199P. R. China
| | - Xinyi Hou
- International Joint Research Center of Human‐machine Intelligent Collaborative for Tumor Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Hainan Province & Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of EducationSchool of Pharmacy & The First Affiliated HospitalHainan Medical UniversityHaikou571199P. R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- International Joint Research Center of Human‐machine Intelligent Collaborative for Tumor Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Hainan Province & Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of EducationSchool of Pharmacy & The First Affiliated HospitalHainan Medical UniversityHaikou571199P. R. China
| | - Guoping Chen
- International Joint Research Center of Human‐machine Intelligent Collaborative for Tumor Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Hainan Province & Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of EducationSchool of Pharmacy & The First Affiliated HospitalHainan Medical UniversityHaikou571199P. R. China
| | - Pir Muhammad
- International Joint Research Center of Human‐machine Intelligent Collaborative for Tumor Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Hainan Province & Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of EducationSchool of Pharmacy & The First Affiliated HospitalHainan Medical UniversityHaikou571199P. R. China
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B's Research GroupI3Bs‐Research Institute on Biomaterials Biodegradables and BiomimeticsUniversity of MinhoGuimarães4805‐017Portugal
| | - Lin Ding
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation CenterShenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and TechnologyThe Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University)ShenzhenGuangdong518055P. R. China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Stem Cell and Cell TherapyShenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical TransformationShenzhen Immune Cell Therapy Public Service PlatformShenzhen518020P. R. China
| | - Yanli Wang
- International Joint Research Center of Human‐machine Intelligent Collaborative for Tumor Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Hainan Province & Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of EducationSchool of Pharmacy & The First Affiliated HospitalHainan Medical UniversityHaikou571199P. R. China
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Rosas S, Kwok A, Moore J, Shi L, Smith TL, Tallant EA, Kerr BA, Willey JS. Osteoarthritis as a Systemic Disease Promoted Prostate Cancer In Vivo and In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6014. [PMID: 38892202 PMCID: PMC11172560 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is increasing worldwide, and previous work found that OA increases systemic cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), which has also been implicated in prostate cancer (PCa). As such, we sought to investigate whether OA augments PCa progression. Cellular proliferation and migration of RM1 murine PCa cells treated with interleukin (IL)-1α, COMP, IL-1α + COMP, or conditioned media from cartilage explants treated with IL-1α (representing OA media) and with inhibitors of COMP were assessed. A validated murine model was used for tumor growth and marker expression analysis. Both proliferation and migration were greater in PCa cells treated with OA media compared to controls (p < 0.001), which was not seen with direct application of the stimulants. Migration and proliferation were not negatively affected when OA media was mixed with downstream and COMP inhibitors compared to controls (p > 0.05 for all). Mice with OA developed tumors 100% of the time, whereas mice without OA only 83.4% (p = 0.478). Tumor weight correlated with OA severity (Pearson correlation = 0.813, p = 0.002). Moreover, tumors from mice with OA demonstrated increased Ki-67 expression compared to controls (mean 24.56% vs. 6.91%, p = 0.004) but no difference in CD31, PSMA, or COMP expression (p > 0.05). OA appears to promote prostate cancer in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Rosas
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - Andy Kwok
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA (J.S.W.)
| | - Joseph Moore
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA (J.S.W.)
| | - Lihong Shi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - Thomas L. Smith
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - E. Ann Tallant
- Department of Hypertension, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - Bethany A. Kerr
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - Jeffrey S. Willey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA (J.S.W.)
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Raines C, Noorvash B, Posadas EM, Sandler HM, Freedland SJ, Gresham G. Applications of wearable activity monitors for prostate cancer survivors: A systematic scoping review. Contemp Clin Trials 2024; 143:107563. [PMID: 38723860 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2024.107563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wearable technology is used to monitor and motivate physical activity (PA) and provides continuous, objective PA and sleep data outside the clinical setting. We reviewed the literature to understand how wearables are integrated into prostate cancer (PC) investigations in order to identify current practices, gaps, and research opportunities. METHODS We conducted a literature search for articles using wearables, among PC survivors published between 2012 and 2022. We extracted study details, interventions and outcomes, participant baseline characteristics, and device characteristics and grouped them by study type: randomized control trials (RCTs) and non-randomized studies. RESULTS Of 354 articles screened, 44 met eligibility criteria (23 RCTs, and 21 non-randomized). 89% used wearables to monitor PA metrics, 11%, sleep metrics, and 6.8%, both. Most studies involved exercise (70% RCTs, 9% non-randomized studies) or lifestyle interventions (30% RCTs, 9% non-randomized studies). Intervention delivery methods included personalized computer-based (48%), in-person (e.g., trainer) (20%), and education web or print-based (20%). Interventions occurred at the participant's home (48%) or at a gym (20%). 57% of the studies evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of the wearable as an activity-measuring device or as part of a remotely delivered computer-based intervention. Studies used wearables to monitor adherence to PA interventions, motivate behavior change, to assess patient outcomes (e.g., patient function, quality of life, mood), or as data collection tools. CONCLUSIONS Wearables are primarily being used to assess daily activity and monitor adherence to exercise interventions in clinical studies involving PC survivors. Findings suggest that they are feasible for use in this population. More research is needed to understand how to integrate wearables into routine clinical care, expand their use to predict clinical outcomes, or to deliver tailored interventions for PC survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Raines
- Cancer Research Center for Health Equity, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
| | - Brandon Noorvash
- Cancer Research Center for Health Equity, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
| | - Edwin Melencio Posadas
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
| | - Howard M Sandler
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
| | - Stephen J Freedland
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
| | - Gillian Gresham
- Cancer Research Center for Health Equity, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
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Liu VN, Van Blarigan EL, Zhang L, Graff RE, Loeb S, Langlais CS, Cowan JE, Carroll PR, Chan JM, Kenfield SA. Plant-Based Diets and Disease Progression in Men With Prostate Cancer. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e249053. [PMID: 38691361 PMCID: PMC11063803 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.9053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Plant-based diets are associated with many health and environmental benefits, including primary prevention of fatal prostate cancer, but less is known about postdiagnostic plant-based diet patterns in individuals with prostate cancer. Objective To examine whether postdiagnostic plant-based dietary patterns are associated with risk of prostate cancer progression and prostate cancer-specific mortality. Design, Setting, and Participants This longitudinal observational cohort study included men with biopsy-proven nonmetastatic prostate cancer (stage ≤T3a) from the diet and lifestyle substudy within the Cancer of the Prostate Strategic Urologic Research Endeavor (CaPSURE) enrolled at 43 urology practices across the US from 1999 to 2018. Participants completed a comprehensive diet and lifestyle questionnaire (including a validated food frequency questionnaire [FFQ]) between 2004 and 2016. Data were analyzed from August 2022 to April 2023. Exposures Overall plant-based diet index (PDI) and healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI) scores were calculated from the FFQ. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was prostate cancer progression (recurrence, secondary treatment, bone metastases, or prostate cancer-specific mortality). The secondary outcome was prostate cancer-specific mortality. Results Among 2062 participants (median [IQR] age, 65.0 [59.0-70.0] years), 61 (3%) identified as African American, 3 (<1%) identified as American Indian or Alaska Native, 9 (<1%) identified as Asian or Pacific Islander, 15 (1%) identified as Latino, and 1959 (95%) identified as White. Median (IQR) time from prostate cancer diagnosis to FFQ was 31.3 (15.9-62.0) months after diagnosis. During a median (IQR) follow-up of 6.5 (1.3-12.8) years after the FFQ, 190 progression events and 61 prostate cancer-specific mortality events were observed. Men scoring in the highest vs lowest quintile of PDI had a 47% lower risk of progression (HR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.37-0.74; P for trend = .003). The hPDI was not associated with risk of progression overall. However, among 680 individuals with Gleason grade 7 or higher at diagnosis, the highest hPDI quintile was associated with a 55% lower risk of progression compared with the lowest hPDI quintile (HR 0.45; 95% CI, 0.25-0.81; P for trend = .01); no association was observed in individuals with Gleason grade less than 7. Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study of 2062 men with prostate cancer, higher intake of plant foods after prostate cancer diagnosis was associated with lower risk of cancer progression. These findings suggest nutritional assessment and counseling may be recommended to patients with prostate cancer to help establish healthy dietary practices and support well-being and overall health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian N. Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco
- Menwell Limited, London, England, United Kingdom
| | - Erin L. Van Blarigan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Rebecca E. Graff
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Stacy Loeb
- Department of Urology and Population Health, New York University and Manhattan Veterans Affairs, New York
| | - Crystal S. Langlais
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco
- Real World Solutions, IQVIA, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Janet E. Cowan
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco
| | | | - June M. Chan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Stacey A. Kenfield
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco
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Veras ASC, Batista VRG, Correia RR, de Almeida Tavares ME, Rubira RJG, Tavares ER, Giometti IC, Maranhão RC, Teixeira GR. Integrated aerobic exercise with LDE-docetaxel treatment: a novel approach to combat prostate cancer progression. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9626. [PMID: 38671015 PMCID: PMC11053171 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60138-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The variability in response to conventional prostate cancer (PC) therapies, coupled with the emergent issue of drug resistance, underscores the critical need for innovative treatment strategies. Aerobic physical exercise reduced incidence of several cancers, but the mechanism underlying these effects associated the nanoemulsion not fully understood. The application of a lipid nanoemulsion (LDE) delivery system for docetaxel (DTX), showing marked enhancement in therapeutic efficacy when combined with aerobic physical exercise. This novel intervention potentiates the antitumor activity of LDE-delivered DTX by augmenting nanoparticle internalization and inducing cell cycle arrest. Our findings reveal that this synergistic treatment not only significantly reduces prostate weight and mitigates adenocarcinoma proliferation but also attenuates anti-apoptotic BCL-2 protein expression. Concurrently, it elevates pro-apoptotic proteins and diminishes inflammatory markers. Metabolic profiling of the combined therapy group disclosed additional benefits, such as reduced lipid and plasma glucose levels. Collectively, our data illuminate the profound impact of integrating LDE-mediated DTX delivery with structured physical exercise, which together spearhead a dual-front assault on PC. This multimodal approach heralds a new paradigm in PC management, accentuating the promise of combined pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions to elevate tumor suppressor protein activity and refine patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allice Santos Cruz Veras
- Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Victor Rogério Garcia Batista
- Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Ribeiro Correia
- Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda de Almeida Tavares
- Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Jesus Gonçalves Rubira
- Department of Physics, School of Technology and Applied Sciences, São Paulo State University, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Elaine Rufo Tavares
- Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Heart Institute (INCOR), Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo, (USP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Inês Cristina Giometti
- Postgraduate Animal Science Program, University of Western São Paulo (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Raul Cavalcante Maranhão
- Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Heart Institute (INCOR), Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo, (USP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Giovana Rampazzo Teixeira
- Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil.
- Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente, Street Roberto Simonsen, 305, Presidente Prudente, SP, 19060-900, Brazil.
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Demian MD, Amasiorah VI, Johnson TO, Ebenyi LN. Phytochemical identification and in silico elucidation of interactions of bioactive compounds from Citrullus lanatus with androgen receptor towards prostate cancer treatment. In Silico Pharmacol 2024; 12:27. [PMID: 38596366 PMCID: PMC10999405 DOI: 10.1007/s40203-024-00193-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Androgen receptor (AR) is known to play a crucial role in the development and progression of prostate cancer, and compounds that inhibit its activity are regarded as promising for the development of drugs to treat the disease. This study aimed to investigate the AR-inhibiting potential of Citrullus lanatus fruit compounds for prostate cancer drug development. Following HPLC identification, the binding energies, molecular interactions, and pharmacological potentials of the compounds against AR were elucidated using in silico techniques such as, molecular docking, induced-fit docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and ADMET prediction. Some of the compounds found to be present in Citrullus lanatus fruit included flavonoids such as proanthocyanin, naringin, flavan 3 ol, flavonones, naringenin, epicatechin, citrulline, and catechin. Naringenin exhibited the highest docking score in the molecular docking analysis, followed by resveratrol, ribalinidine, and epicatechin. These compounds share a common AR binding site with the standard ligand, dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Some of the compounds showed favorable ADMET profiles, while others showed at least one toxicity potential. The induced-fit docking of naringenin with AR yielded a higher docking score than the initial score obtained from standard docking while preserving stable molecular contacts with the interacting amino acids. Consistent hydrogen bond interactions of naringenin with PHE 764, ASN 705, and THR 877 of AR, including a persistent pi-pi stacking contact with PHE 764, were observed from the molecular dynamic simulation. The Citrullus lanatus compounds, particularly naringenin, may therefore be considered for further research towards the development of drugs for prostate cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Titilayo Omolara Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, College of Health Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Lilian N. Ebenyi
- Department of Biotechnology, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State Nigeria
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Dindinger-Hill K, Hu S, Hickman A, Choudry M, Vehawn J, Snyder J, Deshmukh V, Newman M, Date A, Galvao C, Kohli M, O'Neil B, Schmidt B, Dechet C, Hashibe M, Sanchez A. Association of Baseline Pre-Diagnosis and Post-Diagnosis Obesity and Weight Change with Cardiovascular Risk and Survival Among Nonmetastatic Prostate Cancer Survivors. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2024:102057. [PMID: 38503572 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2024.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity in prostate cancer survivors may increase mortality. Better characterization of this effect may allow better counseling on obesity as a targetable lifestyle factor to reduce mortality in prostate cancer survivors. The purpose of this study was to determine whether pre- and post-diagnostic obesity and weight change affect all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease specific mortality, and prostate cancer specific mortality in patients with nonmetastatic prostate cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of 5,077 patients diagnosed with localized prostate cancer from 1997 to 2017 with median follow-up of 15.5 years. The Utah Population Database linked to the Utah Cancer Registry was used to identify patients at a variety of treatment centers. RESULTS Pre-diagnosis obesity was associated with a 62% increased risk of cardiovascular disease specific mortality and a 34% increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR 1.62, 95% CI 1.05-2.50; HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.07-1.67, respectively). Post-diagnosis obesity increased the risk of cardiovascular disease specific mortality (HR 1.83, 95% CI 1.31-2.56) and all-cause mortality (HR 1.37, 95% CI 1.16-1.64) relative to non-obese men. We found no association between pre-diagnostic obesity or post-diagnostic weight gain and prostate cancer specific mortality. CONCLUSION Our study strengthens the conclusion that pre-, post-diagnostic obesity and weight gain increase cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality but not prostate cancer specific mortality compared to healthy weight men. An increased emphasis on weight management may improve mortality for prostate cancer survivors who are obese.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Siqi Hu
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT; Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | | | | | | | - John Snyder
- Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City, UT
| | | | - Michael Newman
- University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Ankita Date
- Pedigree and Population Resource, Population Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Carlos Galvao
- Pedigree and Population Resource, Population Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Manish Kohli
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT; Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | | | | | | | - Mia Hashibe
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT; Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
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Agahi R, Veselaj F, Islami DA, Selmani E, Khan O, Hoxha I. Impact of Prostate Cancer in Eastern Europe and Approaches to Treatment and Policy. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2024; 38:87-103. [PMID: 37516633 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is among the most prevalent cancer globally and within Eastern Europe, where there are also higher levels of mortality compared with Western Europe. Cancer control plans exist in most countries in the region. Attention should be given to devising and implementing optimal screening initiatives. Our review has identified that a lack of resources and health system dysfunctions hamper progress in ameliorating the burden of prostate cancer. Regional cooperation is needed as well as drawing on guidelines and findings from elsewhere. Health institutions must also know the latest developments and set up systems that allow swift adoption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riaz Agahi
- Department of Diagnostic Health Sciences, Heimerer College, Prishtina 10000, Kosovo; Evidence Synthesis Group, Ali Vitia Street PN, Prishtina 10000, Kosovo
| | - Fahredin Veselaj
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Prishtina, Prishtina 10000, Kosovo.
| | - Dafina Ademi Islami
- Oncology Clinic, University Clinical Center of Kosovo, Prishtina 10000, Kosovo
| | - Erza Selmani
- Evidence Synthesis Group, Ali Vitia Street PN, Prishtina 10000, Kosovo; Research Unit, Heimerer College, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Olga Khan
- World Bank Ukraine, Kyiv 01010, Ukraine
| | - Ilir Hoxha
- Evidence Synthesis Group, Ali Vitia Street PN, Prishtina 10000, Kosovo; The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA
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Luca T, Malfa GA, Siracusa L, La Mantia A, Bianchi S, Napoli E, Puleo S, Sergi A, Acquaviva R, Castorina S. Redox State Modulatory Activity and Cytotoxicity of Olea europaea L. (Oleaceae) Leaves Extract Enriched in Polyphenols Using Macroporous Resin. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:73. [PMID: 38247497 PMCID: PMC10812475 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The food products derived from Olea europaea are a fundamental part of the Mediterranean diet, and their health-promoting effects are well known. In this study, we analyzed the phytochemical characteristics, the redox state modulatory activity, and the cytotoxic effect of an olive leaf aqueous extract enriched by macroporous resin on different tumor and normal cell lines (LNCaP, PC3, HFF-1). HPLC-DAD analysis, the Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride methods confirmed the qualitatively and quantitatively high content of phenolic compounds (130.02 ± 2.3 mg GAE/g extract), and a DPPH assay (IC50 = 100.00 ± 1.8 μg/mL), the related antioxidant activity. The biological investigation showed a significant cytotoxic effect, highlighted by an MTT test and the evident cellular morphological changes, on two prostate cancer cell lines. Remarkably, the extract was practically non-toxic on HFF-1 at the concentrations (100, 150, 300 µg/mL) and exposure times tested. Hence, the results are selective for tumor cells. The underlying cytotoxicity was associated with the decrease in ROS production (55% PC3, 42% LNCaP) and the increase in RSH levels (>50% PC3) and an LDH release assay (50% PC3, 40% LNCaP, established necrosis as the main cell death mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonia Luca
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technology, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 95123 Catania, Italy; (T.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Giuseppe Antonio Malfa
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.L.M.); (S.B.); (A.S.); (R.A.)
- Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products (CERNUT), University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Laura Siracusa
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Italian National Research Council ICB-CNR, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (L.S.); (E.N.)
| | - Alfonsina La Mantia
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.L.M.); (S.B.); (A.S.); (R.A.)
| | - Simone Bianchi
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.L.M.); (S.B.); (A.S.); (R.A.)
- Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products (CERNUT), University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Edoardo Napoli
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Italian National Research Council ICB-CNR, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (L.S.); (E.N.)
| | - Stefano Puleo
- Mediterranean Foundation “GB Morgagni”, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Angelo Sergi
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.L.M.); (S.B.); (A.S.); (R.A.)
| | - Rosaria Acquaviva
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.L.M.); (S.B.); (A.S.); (R.A.)
- Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products (CERNUT), University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Sergio Castorina
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technology, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 95123 Catania, Italy; (T.L.); (S.C.)
- Mediterranean Foundation “GB Morgagni”, 95125 Catania, Italy;
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10
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Grynkiewicz M, Wiewióra M. A current role status of micro-ultrasound imaging in prostate cancer diagnosis. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2024; 87:89-100. [PMID: 38160349 DOI: 10.3233/ch-232024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Recently diagnostic field in medicine was enriched by advances in ultrasonography (US) technology, which led to establishment of novel modalities, one of which is micro-ultrasound. Results demonstrated by early studies have been promising, simultaneously rising a question if those new modalities could become an alternative in diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma (PCa). To answer this question, several studies have been conducted where micro-ultrasound have been compared to standard diagnostic tools, such as conventional TRUS or mpMRI. Nevertheless, new technology presents with some limitations, which include inconsistent results, necessity for specialized equipment, need of training for investigators to understand the findings, and external validation. In this publication, we have identified studies that provided evaluation of the accuracy and efficiency of the micro-ultrasound technology. Additionally, analysis of the results provided a better understanding of the novel imaging tool when compared standard modalities in diagnosis of PCa. Increasing number of studies demonstrated that micro-ultrasound carries high detection rate of PCa and clinically significant prostatic cancer (csPCa), suggesting a similar performance to mpMRI and even showing superiority over conventional TRUS. Recent studies have also showed that micro-ultrasound takes active role in improving the detection of csPCa and guidance for prostate biopsy (PBx) as well as further treatment. Moreover, certain practical aspects such as lower costs, decreased waiting time, real-time imaging and application of the imaging tool for patients that are not suitable for mpMRI (contrast allergy, prosthetics etc.) are significant advantages. Analysis of the results still does not provide clear answer whether micro-ultrasound outperforms mpMRI. Further studies are necessary in order to completely understand the potential of this new technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Grynkiewicz
- Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Robot Assisted Minimally Invasive Urology, Sozialstiftung Bamberg, Hospital Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany
| | - Maciej Wiewióra
- Department of Cardiac Vascular and Endovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
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11
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Galvan GC, Friedrich NA, Das S, Daniels JP, Pollan S, Dambal S, Suzuki R, Sanders SE, You S, Tanaka H, Lee YJ, Yuan W, de Bono JS, Vasilevskaya I, Knudsen KE, Freeman MR, Freedland SJ. 27-hydroxycholesterol and DNA damage repair: implication in prostate cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1251297. [PMID: 38188290 PMCID: PMC10771304 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1251297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction We previously reported that cholesterol homeostasis in prostate cancer (PC) is regulated by 27-hydroxycholesterol (27HC) and that CYP27A1, the enzyme that converts cholesterol to 27HC, is frequently lost in PCs. We observed that restoring the CYP27A1/27HC axis inhibited PC growth. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of 27HC-mediated anti-PC effects. Methods We employed in vitro models and human transcriptomics data to investigate 27HC mechanism of action in PC. LNCaP (AR+) and DU145 (AR-) cells were treated with 27HC or vehicle. Transcriptome profiling was performed using the Affymetrix GeneChip™ microarray system. Differential expression was determined, and gene set enrichment analysis was done using the GSEA software with hallmark gene sets from MSigDB. Key changes were validated at mRNA and protein levels. Human PC transcriptomes from six datasets were analyzed to determine the correlation between CYP27A1 and DNA repair gene expression signatures. DNA damage was assessed via comet assays. Results Transcriptome analysis revealed 27HC treatment downregulated Hallmark pathways related to DNA damage repair, decreased expression of FEN1 and RAD51, and induced "BRCAness" by downregulating genes involved in homologous recombination regulation in LNCaP cells. Consistently, we found a correlation between higher CYP27A1 expression (i.e., higher intracellular 27HC) and decreased expression of DNA repair gene signatures in castration-sensitive PC (CSPC) in human PC datasets. However, such correlation was less clear in metastatic castration-resistant PC (mCRPC). 27HC increased expression of DNA damage repair markers in PC cells, notably in AR+ cells, but no consistent effects in AR- cells and decreased expression in non-neoplastic prostate epithelial cells. While testing the clinical implications of this, we noted that 27HC treatment increased DNA damage in LNCaP cells via comet assays. Effects were reversible by adding back cholesterol, but not androgens. Finally, in combination with olaparib, a PARP inhibitor, we showed additive DNA damage effects. Discussion These results suggest 27HC induces "BRCAness", a functional state thought to increase sensitivity to PARP inhibitors, and leads to increased DNA damage, especially in CSPC. Given the emerging appreciation that defective DNA damage repair can drive PC growth, future studies are needed to test whether 27HC creates a synthetic lethality to PARP inhibitors and DNA damaging agents in CSPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Cecilia Galvan
- Department of Urology, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Nadine A. Friedrich
- Department of Urology, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sanjay Das
- Department of Urology, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Urology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Urology Section, Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Durham, NC, United States
| | - James P. Daniels
- Department of Urology, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sara Pollan
- Department of Urology, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Shweta Dambal
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Ryusuke Suzuki
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sergio E. Sanders
- Department of Urology, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sungyong You
- Department of Urology, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Hisashi Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yeon-Joo Lee
- Department of Urology, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Wei Yuan
- Cancer Biomarkers Team, Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Johann S. de Bono
- Cancer Biomarkers Team, Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Prostate Cancer Targeted Therapy Group and Drug Development Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Irina Vasilevskaya
- Department of Cancer Biology at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Karen E. Knudsen
- Department of Cancer Biology at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Michael R. Freeman
- Department of Urology, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Stephen J. Freedland
- Department of Urology, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Urology Section, Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Durham, NC, United States
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12
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Giordano F, Comità S, Venneri G, Rago V, Naimo GD, De Amicis F, De Bartolo A, Tundis R, Mauro L, Panno ML. Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf. Seed Extract Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in the Androgen Receptor Positive LNCaP Prostate Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16351. [PMID: 38003541 PMCID: PMC10671002 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common male cancer. Its incidence derives from the interaction between modifiable and non-modifiable factors. The progression of prostate cancer into a more aggressive phenotype is associated with chronic inflammation and increased ROS production. For their biological properties, some phytochemicals from fruits and vegetable emerge as a promise strategy for cancer progression delay. These bioactive compounds are found in the highest amounts in peels and seeds. Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf. (PT) has been widely used in traditional medicine and retains anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and anticancer effects. The seeds of P. trifoliata were exhaustively extracted by maceration with methanol as the solvent. The cell proliferation rate was performed by MTT and flow cytometry, while the apoptosis signals were analyzed by Western blotting and TUNEL assay. P. trifoliata seed extract reduced LNCaP and PC3 cell viability and induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1phase and apoptosis. In addition, a reduction in the AKT/mTOR pathway has been observed together with the up-regulation of stress-activated MAPK (p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase). Based on the study, the anti-growth effects of PT seed extract on prostate tumor cells give indications on the potential of the phytochemical drug for the treatment of this type of cancer. However, future in-depth studies are necessary to identify which components are mainly responsible for the anti-neoplastic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Giordano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (S.C.); (G.V.); (V.R.); (G.D.N.); (F.D.A.); (R.T.); (M.L.P.)
| | - Stefano Comità
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (S.C.); (G.V.); (V.R.); (G.D.N.); (F.D.A.); (R.T.); (M.L.P.)
| | - Giulia Venneri
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (S.C.); (G.V.); (V.R.); (G.D.N.); (F.D.A.); (R.T.); (M.L.P.)
| | - Vittoria Rago
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (S.C.); (G.V.); (V.R.); (G.D.N.); (F.D.A.); (R.T.); (M.L.P.)
| | - Giuseppina Daniela Naimo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (S.C.); (G.V.); (V.R.); (G.D.N.); (F.D.A.); (R.T.); (M.L.P.)
| | - Francesca De Amicis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (S.C.); (G.V.); (V.R.); (G.D.N.); (F.D.A.); (R.T.); (M.L.P.)
| | - Anna De Bartolo
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy;
| | - Rosa Tundis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (S.C.); (G.V.); (V.R.); (G.D.N.); (F.D.A.); (R.T.); (M.L.P.)
| | - Loredana Mauro
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (S.C.); (G.V.); (V.R.); (G.D.N.); (F.D.A.); (R.T.); (M.L.P.)
| | - Maria Luisa Panno
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (S.C.); (G.V.); (V.R.); (G.D.N.); (F.D.A.); (R.T.); (M.L.P.)
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13
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Aktary ML, Shewchuk B, Wang Q, Hyndman E, Shack L, Robson PJ, Kopciuk KA. Health-Related and Psychosocial Factors Associated with Prostate Cancer Stage at Diagnosis among Males Participating in Alberta's Tomorrow Project. Prostate Cancer 2023; 2023:4426167. [PMID: 38020965 PMCID: PMC10656198 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4426167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) stage at diagnosis is an important predictor of cancer prognosis. In Canada, over one-quarter of males are diagnosed with advanced-stage PCa. Studies have identified several factors associated with PCa stage at diagnosis; however, evidence from Canada is limited. This study aimed to examine associations between sociodemographic characteristics, health history, health practices, and psychosocial factors and PCa stage at diagnosis among males participating in Alberta's Tomorrow Project (ATP), a prospective cohort in Alberta, Canada. The study included males aged 35-69 years who developed PCa until January 2018. Factors associated with PCa stage at diagnosis were examined using partial proportional odds (PPO) ordinal regression models. A total of 410 males were diagnosed with PCa over the study period. A higher number of lifetime prostate-specific antigen tests were associated with earlier-stage PCa (OR 0.91, p = 0.02, 95% CI 0.83-0.99), while higher abdominal circumference (OR 1.02, p = 0.05, 95% CI 1.00-1.03), lower social support (OR 2.34, p < 0.01, 95% CI 1.31-4.17), and having children (OR 2.67, p < 0.01, 95% CI 1.38-5.16) were associated with later-stage disease. This study identified factors previously found in the literature as well as novel factors associated with PCa stage at diagnosis, which can help inform targets for cancer prevention programs to improve PCa prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L. Aktary
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, T2N 1N4, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Brittany Shewchuk
- Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, T2S 3C3, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Qinggang Wang
- Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, T2S 3C3, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Eric Hyndman
- Department of Surgery, Urology Section, University of Calgary, 1403 29 Street NW, T2N 2T9, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Southern Alberta Institute of Urology, Office 6635, 7007 14 Street SW, T2V 1P9, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lorraine Shack
- Cancer Surveillance and Reporting, Alberta Health Services, 1400-10123 99 Street Edmonton, T5J 3H1, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Paula J. Robson
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science and School of Public Health, University of Alberta, 116 Street & 85 Avenue, T6G 2R3, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, 10030-107 Street NW, T5J 3E4, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Karen A. Kopciuk
- Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, T2S 3C3, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Departments of Oncology, Community Health Sciences, and Mathematics and Statistics, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, T2N 1N4, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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14
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Veras ASC, Correia RR, Batista VRG, Tavares MEDA, Rubira RJG, Fiais GA, Giometti IC, Chaves-Neto AH, Teixeira GR. Aerobic physical exercise modifies the prostate tumoral environment. Life Sci 2023; 332:122097. [PMID: 37741323 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Exercise is recognized for its potential role in reducing the risk of certain cancers. However, the molecular mechanisms behind this risk reduction are not fully understood. Here, we hypothesized that aerobic physical exercise induces cancer attenuating effects through the modulation of oxidative stress and inflammation. To test this hypothesis, twenty male Sprague Dawley rats with chemically induced prostate tumors were divided into two groups: Prostate cancer (PC) in the absence and presence of exercise (PC + Ex). Rats in the PC + Ex group performed exercises on a treadmill for 8 weeks, 5 sessions per week, at an intensity of 60 % of maximum capacity. Weight and feed efficiency, Ki-67, apoptosis, prostatic inflammation, and markers of oxidative stress were analyzed. We found that aerobic physical exercise significantly decreased prostate cell proliferation (p < 0.05) across modulation, tumor size, and prostate weight. The PC + Ex group also significantly reduced anti-apoptosis protein expression (p < 0.05) and increased pro-apoptotic protein expression. Furthermore, physical exercise increased enzymatic antioxidant defenses in the prostate, plasma, and whole blood. Moreover, PC + Ex reduced lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl levels (p < 0.05). In the prostate, there was an increase in anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10), and a reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, and NF-κB) after 8 weeks of physical exercise. In conclusion, we found that aerobic physical exercise is a functional, beneficial, and applicable approach to control PC progression, because it modifies the systemic environment, including the regulation of glucose and circulating lipids. This modification of the cancer cells environment has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects that attenuate tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allice Santos Cruz Veras
- Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Ribeiro Correia
- Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Victor Rogério Garcia Batista
- Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda de Almeida Tavares
- Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Jesus Gonçalves Rubira
- Department of Physics, School of Technology and Applied Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Alice Fiais
- Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Inês Cristina Giometti
- Postgraduate Animal Science Program, University of Western São Paulo (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Antonio Hernandes Chaves-Neto
- Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil; Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovana Rampazzo Teixeira
- Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil; Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Technology and Sciences, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil.
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15
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Liu IT, Gu L, De Hoedt AM, Cooperberg MR, Amling CL, Kane CJ, Klaassen Z, Terris MK, Guerrios-Rivera L, Vidal AC, Aronson WJ, Freedland SJ, Csizmadi I. Are associations between obesity and prostate cancer outcomes following radical prostatectomy the same in smokers and non-smokers? Results from the SEARCH Cohort. Cancer Causes Control 2023; 34:983-993. [PMID: 37405681 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-023-01747-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obesity and smoking have been associated with poor prostate cancer (PC) outcomes. We investigated associations between obesity and biochemical recurrence (BCR), metastasis, castrate resistant-PC (CRPC), PC-specific mortality (PCSM), and all-cause mortality (ACM) and examined if smoking modified these associations. METHODS We analyzed SEARCH Cohort data from men undergoing RP between 1990 and 2020. Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between body mass index (BMI) as a continuous variable and weight status classifications (normal: 18.5 ≤ 25 kg/m2; overweight: 25-29.9 kg/m2; obese: ≥ 30 kg/m2) and PC outcomes. RESULTS Among 6,241 men, 1,326 (21%) were normal weight, 2,756 (44%) overweight and 2159 (35%) obese; 1,841 (30%) were never-smokers, 2,768 (44%) former and 1,632 (26%) current-smokers. Among all men, obesity was associated with non-significant increased risk of PCSM, adj-HR = 1.71; 0.98-2.98, P = 0.057, while overweight and obesity were inversely associated with ACM, adj-HR = 0.75; 0.66-0.84, P < 0.001 and adj-HR = 0.86; 0.75-0.99, P = 0.033, respectively. Other associations were null. BCR and ACM were stratified for smoking status given evidence for interactions (P = 0.048 and P = 0.054, respectively). Among current-smokers, overweight was associated with an increase in BCR (adj-HR = 1.30; 1.07-1.60, P = 0.011) and a decrease in ACM (adj-HR = 0.70; 0.58-0.84, P < 0.001). Among never-smokers, BMI (continuous) was associated with an increase in ACM (adj-HR = 1.03; 1.00-1.06, P = 0.033). CONCLUSIONS While our results are consistent with obesity as a risk factor for PCSM, we present evidence of effect modification by smoking for BCR and ACM highlighting the importance of stratifying by smoking status to better understand associations with body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivy T Liu
- Durham VA Healthcare System, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Lin Gu
- Durham VA Healthcare System, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Matthew R Cooperberg
- San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, UCSF Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Christopher J Kane
- San Diego VA Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, UC San Diego Health System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Zachary Klaassen
- Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, Augusta University-Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Martha K Terris
- Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, Augusta University-Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Lourdes Guerrios-Rivera
- Caribbean VA Healthcare System, San Juan, PR, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Adriana C Vidal
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - William J Aronson
- West Los Angeles VA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stephen J Freedland
- Durham VA Healthcare System, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ilona Csizmadi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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16
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Al-Ghazawi M, Salameh H, Amo-Afful S, Khasawneh S, Ghanem R. An In-Depth Look Into the Epidemiological and Etiological Aspects of Prostate Cancer: A Literature Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e48252. [PMID: 38054148 PMCID: PMC10694784 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer among men worldwide, and it represents a substantial worldwide health issue, primarily impacting men as they grow older. Understanding its epidemiology and etiology is crucial for crafting efficient preventive measures and enhancing treatment results. The epidemiology of this disease provides valuable insights into its prevalence and distribution. Age is a critical factor, with the risk of prostate cancer increasing with advancing years. Incidence rates are notably higher in developed countries, suggesting a role for lifestyle and environmental factors. Furthermore, there are significant racial and geographical disparities in prostate cancer incidence, with African-American men experiencing both a higher incidence and more aggressive forms of the disease. On the other hand, hormones, especially testosterone and its conversion to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), contribute to prostate cell growth and, potentially, cancer. Genetics also plays a pivotal role, with certain gene mutations, like Breast Cancer gene 1 & 2 (BRCA1 and BRCA2), elevating risk. Dietary habits and lifestyle choices influence susceptibility, with diets low in fruits and vegetables and high in saturated fats linked to higher risk. Chronic inflammation, often tied to prostatitis, may further increase susceptibility to prostate cancer. This review article explores the complex realm of prostate cancer, providing insights into its occurrence, factors that elevate risks, and the fundamental factors that play a role in its emergence and how we can prevent it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munir Al-Ghazawi
- Urology, Barts Health National Health Service (NHS) Trust, London, GBR
| | - Hamza Salameh
- Orthopedics, North Devon District Hospital, Barnstaple, GBR
| | | | | | - Rami Ghanem
- Urology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, JOR
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17
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Hamblen AJ, Bray JW, Hingorani M, Saxton JM. Physical activity and dietary considerations for prostate cancer patients: future research directions. Proc Nutr Soc 2023; 82:298-304. [PMID: 36606326 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665123000046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This review considers current evidence on physical activity and dietary behaviours in the context of prostate cancer prevention and survivorship outcomes. Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer amongst men, with over 1⋅4 million newly diagnosed cases globally each year. Due to earlier detection via screening and advances in treatments, survival rates are amongst the highest of all cancer populations. However, hormone treatments (i.e. androgen deprivation therapy) can lead to undesirable body composition changes, increased fatigue and reduced health-related quality of life, which can impair the overall wellbeing of men living with and beyond prostate cancer. Existing research has only provided limited evidence that physical activity and nutrition can impact a man's risk of prostate cancer but cohort studies suggest they can influence survival outcomes after diagnosis. Additionally, data from observational and intervention studies suggest that habitual physical activity (or structured exercise) and healthy diets can help to ameliorate hormone-related treatment side-effects. Current physical activity guidelines state that prostate cancer patients should complete at least three sessions of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise per week, along with two resistance exercise sessions, but dietary guidelines for prostate cancer patients are less well defined. In conclusion, regular physical activity and nutritional interventions may improve survival outcomes and attenuate some adverse side-effects of hormone treatments in men with prostate cancer. However, further research is required to improve our understanding of the health impacts of physical activity (including structured exercise) and nutrition in relation to prostate cancer prevention and survivorship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Hamblen
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Hull, Kingston upon Hull, UK
| | - James W Bray
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Hull, Kingston upon Hull, UK
| | - Mohan Hingorani
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen's Centre of Oncology, Castle Hill Hospital, Hull Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Cottingham, UK
| | - John M Saxton
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Hull, Kingston upon Hull, UK
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18
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Nolazco JI, Mucci LA, Sosnowski R, Przewoźniak K, Chang SL, De Nunzio C. Relationship between cigarette use and prostate cancer risk: what do we know and what should we do? Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2023; 26:516-518. [PMID: 37087528 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-023-00671-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- José Ignacio Nolazco
- Division of Urological Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario Austral, Universidad Austral, Pilar, Argentina.
| | - Lorelei A Mucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roman Sosnowski
- Department of Urogenital Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Przewoźniak
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Primary Prevention, Maria Skłodowska Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
- Global Institute of Family Health, Calisia University, Calisia, Poland
| | - Steven L Chang
- Division of Urological Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cosimo De Nunzio
- Department of Urology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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19
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Ng CT, Bonilla HMG, Bryce AH, Singh P, Herrmann J. Approaches to Prevent and Manage Cardiovascular Disease in Patients Receiving Therapy for Prostate Cancer. Curr Cardiol Rep 2023; 25:889-899. [PMID: 37490155 PMCID: PMC10894683 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-023-01909-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Prostate cancer (PCa) is amongst the most common cancers in men worldwide. Cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and CV disease (CVD) are common comorbidities in this patient population, posing a challenge for PCa-directed therapies which can cause or worsen CVRFs and CVDs. Herein, we summarize the approaches to prevent and manage CVD in patients with PCa receiving therapy. RECENT FINDINGS While patients with locally advanced and metastatic PCa benefit from hormonal therapy, these treatments can potentially cause CV toxicity. Androgen receptor targeting therapies, such as androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), can induce metabolic changes and directly impact cardiovascular function, thereby reducing cardiorespiratory fitness and increasing CV mortality. Moreover, more than half of the PCa patients have poorly controlled CV risk factors at baseline. Hence, there is an urgent need to address gaps in preventing and managing CVD in PCa patients. Screening and optimizing CV risk factors and CVD in patients undergoing ADT are essential to reduce CV mortality, the leading non-cancer cause of death in PCa survivors. The risk of CV morbidity and mortality can be further mitigated by considering the patient's cardiovascular risk profile when deciding the choice and duration of ADT. A multidisciplinary team-based approach is crucial to achieve the best outcomes for PCa patients undergoing therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choon Ta Ng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169609, Singapore.
| | | | - Alan H Bryce
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Parminder Singh
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Joerg Herrmann
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Kim JH, Seo H, Kim S, Ul-Haq A, Rahim MA, Jo S, Song HY, Song YS. Biochemical Recurrence in Prostate Cancer Is Associated with the Composition of Lactobacillus: Microbiome Analysis of Prostatic Tissue. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10423. [PMID: 37445601 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Many human pathologies, such as malignancy, are linked with specific bacteria and changes in the constituents of the microbiome. In order to examine the association between an imbalance of bacteria and prostate carcinoma, a comparison of the microbiomes present in patients with biochemical recurrence (BCR) or NO BCR (NBCR) was performed. Additionally, 16S rRNA-based next-generation sequencing was applied to identify the bacterial profiles within these tumors in terms of the bacteria and operational genes present. The percentage average taxonomic composition between the taxa indicated no difference between BCR and NBCR. In addition, alpha and beta diversity indices presented no distinction between the cohorts in any statistical method. However, taxonomic biomarker discovery indicated a relatively higher population of Lactobacillus in the NBCR group, and this finding was supported by PCR data. Along with that, differences in the operational activity of the bacterial genes were also determined. It is proposed that the biochemical recurrence was linked to the quantity of Lactobacillus present. The aim of this study was to investigate the microbiome involved in prostate carcinoma and the potential association between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Heon Kim
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Seoul 04401, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Chungnam 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoonhee Seo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Chungnam 31151, Republic of Korea
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukyung Kim
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Asad Ul-Haq
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Abdur Rahim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Chungnam 31151, Republic of Korea
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujin Jo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Chungnam 31151, Republic of Korea
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Yeon Song
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Chungnam 31151, Republic of Korea
- Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Seob Song
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Seoul 04401, Republic of Korea
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21
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Thederan I, Pott A, Krueger A, Chandrasekar T, Tennstedt P, Knipper S, Tilki D, Heinzer H, Schulz KH, Makarova N, Zyriax BC. Feasibility, acceptability, and behavioral outcomes of a multimodal intervention for prostate cancer patients: Experience from the MARTINI lifestyle program. Prostate 2023; 83:929-935. [PMID: 37051922 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequently diagnosed malignant tumor in men. The potential benefit of a healthy lifestyle contrasts sharply with the observed poor adherence to current international lifestyle guidelines. Thus, well-designed sustainable interventions of aftercare that can be translated into routine practice are highly recommended. The present pilot study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a multimodal lifestyle intervention program in PCa patients after radical prostatectomy (RP). METHODS In a single-arm study, carried out at the Martini-Klinik of the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany, 59 eligible men with locally advanced PCa were recruited within 3-6 months after RP and assigned to a multimodal lifestyle program. The program consisted of 10 weekly 6-7 h course days, with a focus on dietary control, physical activity (per World Cancer Research Fund recommendations) and psychological support. Primary objectives were feasibility, acceptability, completion rate, and safety. In addition, changes in lifestyle, psychological well-being, clinical and laboratory values were assessed. The study was registered in the German Clinical Trials Register (No. DRK S00015288 [MARTINI-Lifestyle-cohort] [www.germanctr.de]). RESULTS A high program acceptance was observed. Only three participants (5%) dropped out of the program prematurely. Personal feedback reflected appreciation for participation, personal gain through new knowledge and through the group experience. Without exception, all participants have taken part in follow-up examinations and no adverse events or incidents occurred. In addition, changes in lifestyle habits, clinical parameters and improved quality of life were detected. CONCLUSION The MARTINI lifestyle program appears feasible and safe, and acceptance of the multimodal intervention was high among PCa patients. These encouraging results favor conducting a large multicenter trial to implement the program into routine practice and to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention on survival and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imke Thederan
- Martini-Klinik, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Aliaksandra Pott
- Martini-Klinik, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Krueger
- Martini-Klinik, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Pierre Tennstedt
- Martini-Klinik, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sophie Knipper
- Martini-Klinik, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Derya Tilki
- Martini-Klinik, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans Heinzer
- Martini-Klinik, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Schulz
- Department of Medical Psychology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf and UKE Athleticum-Center for Athletic Medicine, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nataliya Makarova
- Midwifery science-Health Care research and Prevention, Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Birgit-Christiane Zyriax
- Midwifery science-Health Care research and Prevention, Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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22
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Divella R, Marino G, Infusino S, Lanotte L, Gadaleta-Caldarola G, Gadaleta-Caldarola G. The Mediterranean Lifestyle to Contrast Low-Grade Inflammation Behavior in Cancer. Nutrients 2023; 15:1667. [PMID: 37049508 PMCID: PMC10096668 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A healthy diet and an active lifestyle are both effective ways to prevent, manage, and treat many diseases, including cancer. A healthy, well-balanced diet not only ensures that the body gets the right amount of nutrients to meet its needs, but it also lets the body get substances that protect against and/or prevent certain diseases. It is now clear that obesity is linked to long-term diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. The main reasons for people being overweight or obese are having bad eating habits and not moving around enough. Maintaining weight in the normal range may be one of the best things to avoid cancer. It has been scientifically proven that those who perform regular physical activity are less likely to develop cancer than those who lead a sedentary lifestyle. Moving regularly not only helps to maintain a normal body weight, avoiding the effects that favor tumor growth in overweight subjects, but also makes the immune system more resistant by counteracting the growth of tumor cells. Physical activity also helps prevent cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. In this review, it is highlighted that the association between the Mediterranean diet and physical activity triggers biological mechanisms capable of counteracting the low-grade chronic inflammation found in patients with cancer. This assumes that healthy lifestyles associated with cancer therapies can improve the expectations and quality of life of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Divella
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Oncologia, Ospedale “Mons. A. R. Dimiccoli”, Asl BT, Viale Ippocrate 15, 76121 Barletta, Italy
| | - Graziella Marino
- Department of Breast Unit—Centro d Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata, IRCCS-CROB, Via Padre Pio 1, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Stefania Infusino
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Oncologia, Ospedale “SS Annunziata”, Via Felice Migliori 1, 87100 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Laura Lanotte
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Oncologia, Ospedale “Mons. A. R. Dimiccoli”, Asl BT, Viale Ippocrate 15, 76121 Barletta, Italy
| | - Gaia Gadaleta-Caldarola
- Scienze e Tecnologie Alimentari, Università di Parma, Via Delle Scienze 59/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Gennaro Gadaleta-Caldarola
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Oncologia, Ospedale “Mons. A. R. Dimiccoli”, Asl BT, Viale Ippocrate 15, 76121 Barletta, Italy
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23
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Microbiota of Urine, Glans and Prostate Biopsies in Patients with Prostate Cancer Reveals a Dysbiosis in the Genitourinary System. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15051423. [PMID: 36900215 PMCID: PMC10000660 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignant neoplasm with the highest worldwide incidence in men aged 50 years and older. Emerging evidence suggests that the microbial dysbiosis may promote chronic inflammation linked to the development of PCa. Therefore, this study aims to compare the microbiota composition and diversity in urine, glans swabs, and prostate biopsies between men with PCa and non-PCa men. Microbial communities profiling was assessed through 16S rRNA sequencing. The results indicated that α-diversity (number and abundance of genera) was lower in prostate and glans, and higher in urine from patients with PCa, compared to non-PCa patients. The different genera of the bacterial community found in urine was significantly different in PCa patients compared to non-PCa patients, but they did not differ in glans and prostate. Moreover, comparing the bacterial communities present in the three different samples, urine and glans show a similar genus composition. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) analysis revealed significantly higher levels of the genera Streptococcus, Prevotella, Peptoniphilus, Negativicoccus, Actinomyces, Propionimicrobium, and Facklamia in urine of PCa patients, whereas Methylobacterium/Methylorubrum, Faecalibacterium, and Blautia were more abundant in the non-PCa patients. In glans, the genus Stenotrophomonas was enriched in PCa subjects, while Peptococcus was more abundant in non-PCa subjects. In prostate, Alishewanella, Paracoccus, Klebsiella, and Rothia were the overrepresented genera in the PCa group, while Actinomyces, Parabacteroides, Muribaculaceae sp., and Prevotella were overrepresented in the non-PCa group. These findings provide a strong background for the development of potential biomarkers with clinical interest.
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24
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Foster S, Carvallo M, Wenske M, Lee J. Damaged Masculinity: How Honor Endorsement Can Influence Prostate Cancer Screening Decision-Making and Prostate Cancer Mortality Rates. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2023; 49:296-308. [PMID: 34964413 DOI: 10.1177/01461672211065293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Prior research has established factors that contribute to the likelihood that men seek out prostate cancer screenings. The current study addresses how endorsing the ideology found in cultures of honor may serve as a barrier to prostate cancer screenings. Two studies were conducted which analyzed the impact of stigma on men's decisions to seek out prostate cancer screenings (Study 1) as well as how prostate cancer deaths may be higher in the culture of honor regions due to men's reticence to seek out screenings (Study 2). Results suggest that older, honor-endorsing men are less likely to have ever sought out a prostate cancer screening due to screening stigma and that an honor-oriented region (southern and western United States) displays higher rates of prostate cancer death than a non-honor-oriented region (northern United States). These findings suggest that honor may be a cultural framework to consider when practitioners address patients' screening-related concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jongwon Lee
- The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, USA
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25
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Malignant Prostate Tissue Is Associated with Different Microbiome Gene Functions. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13020278. [PMID: 36673088 PMCID: PMC9858038 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13020278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Specific microorganisms and changes in the constituents of the microbiome are linked with pathologies in humans, such as malignancy. Within the prostate, certain bacterial communities may locate advantageous conditions and establish themselves, thus outperforming alternative species. In this study, a comparison of malignant (MT) and benign prostate tissues (BT) or benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) was performed in order to delineate the respective microbiomes in each sample type and to determine their pertinence to prostatic tumourigenesis. Specimens of MT (n = 26) and PT (n = 13)/BPH (n = 10) were acquired from patients. No variations in the make-up of the microbiome were seen when MT and PT specimens were compared. Changes in the bacterial constituents and functional genes were seen in the specimens obtained from patients with MT when contrasted against samples from those with BPH. Pelomonas was the genus with the highest abundance in MT specimens. It is proposed that dissimilar microbiome gene functions are present in the contexts of MT and PT samples.
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26
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Cao G, Li Y, Wang J, Wu X, Zhang Z, Zhanghuang C, Han K. Gleason score, surgical and distant metastasis are associated with cancer-specific survival and overall survival in middle aged high-risk prostate cancer: A population-based study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1028905. [PMID: 36330113 PMCID: PMC9624381 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1028905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective According to statistics, patients with high-risk prostate cancer (PC) account for about 15% of prostate cancer diagnoses, and high-risk patients usually have a poor prognosis due to metastasis and recurrence and have a high mortality rate. Therefore, the accurate prediction of prognostic-related risk factors in middle-aged high-risk PC patients between 50 and 65 can help reduce patient mortality. We aimed to construct new nomograms for predicting cancer-specific survival (CSS) and Overall survival (OS) in middle-aged high-risk PC patients. Methods Data for patients aged between 50 and 65 years old and diagnosed with high-risk PC were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were used to identify independent risk factors for CSS and OS in patients. Nomograms predicting CSS and OS were developed based on multivariate Cox regression models. The concordance index (C-index), the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), and the calibration curve are used to detect the accuracy and discrimination of the model. Decision curve analysis (DCA) is used to detect the potential clinical value of this model. Results Between 2010 and 2018, 1,651 patients diagnosed with high-risk PC and aged 50-65 years were included. In this study, the training group (n = 1,146) and the validation group (n = 505) were randomly assigned in a ratio of 7:3. The results showed that M stage, Gleason (GS) and surgical mode were independent risk factors for CSS; marital status, T stage, M stage, surgical mode, and GS were independent risk factors for OS. The C-index for predicting CSS in the training and validation groups are 0.84 and 0.811, respectively; the C-index for predicting OS in the training and validation groups are 0.824 and 0.784, respectively. The AUC and the calibration curves also showed good accuracy and discrimination. Conclusions We constructed new nomograms to predict CSS and OS in middle-aged high-risk PC patients. The prediction tools showed good accuracy and reliability, which can help clinicians and patients to make better clinical decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangbiao Cao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Songshan General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Stomatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinkui Wang
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhaoxia Zhang
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chenghao Zhanghuang
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Keqiang Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Songshan General Hospital, Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Keqiang Han
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27
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Haque R, Reading S, Irwin MR, Chen LH, Slezak J. Antidepressant medication use and prostate cancer recurrence in men with depressive disorders. Cancer Causes Control 2022; 33:1363-1372. [PMID: 36083407 PMCID: PMC9519663 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-022-01623-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Whether treating prostate cancer survivors with a depressive disorder with antidepressants can affect their cancer outcomes is unknown. We evaluated the association between antidepressant use and prostate cancer recurrence, in survivors with comorbid depressive disorders. Methods We conducted a longitudinal cohort study of 10,017 men with prostate cancer (stages I–II) diagnosed who also had a comorbid depressive disorder followed a maximum of 22 years, and examined rates of biochemical recurrence by antidepressant medication use. We conducted multivariable Cox models based on time-dependent antidepressant drug use status, and examined the risk of biochemical recurrence by cumulative duration of antidepressant use. Results Of these 10,017 survivors, 1842 (18%) experienced biochemical recurrence over 69,500 person-years of follow-up. The prostate cancer biochemical recurrence rate was greater with antidepressant non-use (31.3/1000 person-years) compared to antidepressant use (23.5/1000 person-years). In Cox proportional hazards multivariable adjusted models, non-use of antidepressants was associated with a 34% increased risk of biochemical recurrence compared to antidepressant use (HR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.24–1.44). Longer use of antidepressants was associated with a lower biochemical recurrence risk (P trend test < 0.001). Conclusion Untreated depressive disorders in prostate cancer patients may be associated with an increased risk of biochemical recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reina Haque
- Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, 100 South Los Robles, 2nd Floor, Pasadena, CA, 91101, USA. .,Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, CA, 91101, USA.
| | - Stephanie Reading
- Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, 100 South Los Robles, 2nd Floor, Pasadena, CA, 91101, USA
| | - Michael R Irwin
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Lie Hong Chen
- Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, 100 South Los Robles, 2nd Floor, Pasadena, CA, 91101, USA
| | - Jeff Slezak
- Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, 100 South Los Robles, 2nd Floor, Pasadena, CA, 91101, USA
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28
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Levenson AS. Dietary stilbenes as modulators of specific miRNAs in prostate cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:970280. [PMID: 36091792 PMCID: PMC9449421 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.970280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulated experimental data have suggested that natural plant products may be effective miRNA-modulating chemopreventive and therapeutic agents. Dietary polyphenols such as flavonoids, stilbenes, and lignans, among others, have been intensively studied for their miRNA-mediated cardioprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. The aim of this review is to outline known stilbene-regulated miRNAs in cancer, with a special focus on the interplay between various miRNAs and MTA1 signaling in prostate cancer. MTA1 is an epigenetic reader and an oncogenic transcription factor that is overexpressed in advanced prostate cancer and metastasis. Not surprisingly, miRNAs that are linked to MTA1 affect cancer progression and the metastatic potential of cells. Studies led to the identification of MTA1-associated pro-oncogenic miRNAs, which are regulated by stilbenes such as resveratrol and pterostilbene. Specifically, it has been shown that inhibition of the activity of the MTA1 regulated oncogenic miR-17 family of miRNAs, miR-22, and miR-34a by stilbenes leads to inhibition of prostatic hyperplasia and tumor progression in mice and reduction of proliferation, survival and invasion of prostate cancer cells in vitro. Taken together, these findings implicate the use of resveratrol and its analogs as an attractive miRNA-mediated chemopreventive and therapeutic strategy in prostate cancer and the use of circulating miRNAs as potential predictive biomarkers for clinical development.
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29
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Gnagnarella P, Marvaso G, Jereczek-Fossa BA, de Cobelli O, Simoncini MC, Nevola Teixeira LF, Sabbatini A, Pravettoni G, Johansson H, Nezi L, Muto P, Borzillo V, Celentano E, Crispo A, Pinto M, Cavalcanti E, Gandini S. Life style and interaction with microbiota in prostate cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:794. [PMID: 35854230 PMCID: PMC9295396 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09521-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer in men worldwide. The standard non-surgical approach for localized PCa is radiotherapy (RT), but one of the limitations of high-dose RT is the potential increase in gastrointestinal and genitourinary toxicities. We present the protocol of the Microstyle study, a multicentre randomized two-arm crossover clinical trial. The primary outcome will be assessed at the end of 6-month intervention, by measuring the change in adherence to a healthy lifestyle score. The hypothesis is that modifying lifestyle we change microbiome and improve quality of life and decrease side effects of RT. Methods Study participants will be recruited among men undergoing RT in two Italian centers (Milan and Naples). We foresee to randomize 300 patients in two intervention arms: Intervention Group (IG) and Control Group (CG). Participants allocated to the IG will meet a dietitian and a physiotherapist before RT to receive personalized diet and exercise recommendations, according to their health status, to improve overall lifestyle and reduce side effects (bowel and/or urinary problems). Dietitian and physiotherapist will work together to set individualized goals to reduce or eliminate side effects and pain according to their health status. All participants (IG) will be given a pedometer device (steps counter) in order to monitor and to spur participants to increase physical activity and reduce sedentary behavior. Participants included in the CG will receive baseline general advice and materials available for patients undergoing RT. According to the cross-over design, the CG will cross to the intervention approach after 6-month, to actively enhance compliance towards suggested lifestyle recommendations for all patients. Discussion This trial is innovative in its design because we propose a lifestyle intervention during RT, that includes both dietary and physical activity counselling, as well as monitoring changes in microbiome and serum biomarkers. The promotion of healthy behaviour will be initiated before initiation of standard care, to achieve long lasting effects, controlling side effects, coping with feelings of anxiety and depression and improve efficacy of RT. Trial registration ClincalTrial.gov registration number: NCT05155618. Retrospectively registered on December 13, 2021. The first patient was enrolled on October 22, 2021. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09521-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Gnagnarella
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology IRCSS, Milan, Italy.
| | - Giulia Marvaso
- Department of Radiation Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCSS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Alicja Jereczek-Fossa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCSS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ottavio de Cobelli
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology IRCSS, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Annarita Sabbatini
- Dietetic and Clinical Nutrition Unit, European Institute of Oncology IRCSS, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Pravettoni
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Sciences, European Institute of Oncology IRCSS, Milan, Italy
| | - Harriet Johansson
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology IRCSS, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Nezi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCSS, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Muto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Valentina Borzillo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Egidio Celentano
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Crispo
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Pinto
- Rehabilitation Medicine Unit, Strategic Health Services Department, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Ernesta Cavalcanti
- Laboratory Medicine Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Gandini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCSS, Milan, Italy
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Robles LA, Shingler E, McGeagh L, Rowe E, Koupparis A, Bahl A, Shiridzinomwa C, Persad R, Martin RM, Lane JA. Attitudes and adherence to changes in nutrition and physical activity following surgery for prostate cancer: a qualitative study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e055566. [PMID: 35768108 PMCID: PMC9244678 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Interventions designed to improve men's diet and physical activity (PA) have been recommended as methods of cancer prevention. However, little is known about specific factors that support men's adherence to these health behaviour changes, which could inform theory-led diet and PA interventions. We aimed to explore these factors in men following prostatectomy for prostate cancer (PCa). DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A qualitative study using semistructured interviews with men, who made changes to their diet and/or PA as part of a factorial randomised controlled trial conducted at a single hospital in South West England. Participants were 17 men aged 66 years, diagnosed with localised PCa and underwent prostatectomy. Interview transcripts underwent thematic analysis. RESULTS Men were ambivalent about the relationship of nutrition and PA with PCa risk. They believed their diet and level of PA were reasonable before being randomised to their interventions. Men identified several barriers and facilitators to performing these new behaviours. Barriers included tolerance to dietary changes, PA limitations and external obstacles. Facilitators included partner involvement in diet, habit formation and brisk walking as an individual activity. Men discussed positive effects associated with brisk walking, such as feeling healthier, but not with nutrition interventions. CONCLUSIONS The facilitators to behaviour change suggest that adherence to trial interventions can be supported using well-established behaviour change models. Future studies may benefit from theory-based interventions to support adherence to diet and PA behaviour changes in men diagnosed with PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke A Robles
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Ellie Shingler
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Lucy McGeagh
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Supportive Cancer Care Research Group, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Institute of Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Research, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Edward Rowe
- Bristol Urology Institute, Department of Urology, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Anthony Koupparis
- Bristol Urology Institute, Department of Urology, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Amit Bahl
- Bristol Haematology and Oncology Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Raj Persad
- Bristol Urology Institute, Department of Urology, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Richard M Martin
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - J Athene Lane
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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31
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Shafiee G, Saidijam M, Tayebinia H, Khodadadi I. Beneficial effects of genistein in suppression of proliferation, inhibition of metastasis, and induction of apoptosis in PC3 prostate cancer cells. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:694-702. [PMID: 31985311 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1717541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Beneficial effects of genistein have been studied in various cancer types but the underlying molecular mechanisms of its actions have not been well established. This study investigated the effects of genistein on caspase-3 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) as main cellular signalling targets in PC3 prostate cancer cells. METHODS Caspase-3 and p38MAPK gene expression and intracellular protein levels were determined. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2) gelatinase activity and caspase-3 enzyme activity were measured and PC3 cell migration and proliferation potencies were assessed. RESULTS Genistein induced apoptosis by enhancing the gene expression, intracellular protein level, and enzyme activity of caspase-3. Genistein also inhibited cell proliferation by reducing p38MAPK gene expression and protein level and strongly suppressed metastatic potency of PC3 cells by reducing MMP2 activity. CONCLUSION Genistein exhibits its beneficial anticancer properties on PC3 cells by reducing metastatic potency and regulating caspase-3 and p38MAPK pathways at different transcriptional and protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Shafiee
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Massoud Saidijam
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Heidar Tayebinia
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Iraj Khodadadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Nutrition Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Leitão C, Matos B, Roque F, Herdeiro MT, Fardilha M. The Impact of Lifestyle on Prostate Cancer: A Road to the Discovery of New Biomarkers. J Clin Med 2022; 11:2925. [PMID: 35629050 PMCID: PMC9148038 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11102925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers among men, and its incidence has been rising through the years. Several risk factors have been associated with this disease and unhealthy lifestyles and inflammation were appointed as major contributors for PCa development, progression, and severity. Despite the advantages associated with the currently used diagnostic tools [prostate-specific antigen(PSA) serum levels and digital rectal examination (DRE)], the development of effective approaches for PCa diagnosis is still necessary. Finding lifestyle-associated proteins that may predict the development of PCa seems to be a promising strategy to improve PCa diagnosis. In this context, several biomarkers have been identified, including circulating biomarkers (CRP, insulin, C-peptide, TNFα-R2, adiponectin, IL-6, total PSA, free PSA, and p2PSA), urine biomarkers (PCA3, guanidine, phenylacetylglycine, and glycine), proteins expressed in exosomes (afamin, vitamin D-binding protein, and filamin A), and miRNAs expressed in prostate tissue (miRNA-21, miRNA-101, and miRNA-182). In conclusion, exploring the impact of lifestyle and inflammation on PCa development and progression may open doors to the identification of new biomarkers. The discovery of new PCa diagnostic biomarkers should contribute to reduce overdiagnosis and overtreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Leitão
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (C.L.); (M.T.H.)
| | - Bárbara Matos
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine—iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Fátima Roque
- Research Unit for Inland Development, Polytechnic of Guarda (UDI-IPG), Avenida Doutor Francisco Sá Carneiro, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal;
- Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior (CICS-UBI), Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Maria Teresa Herdeiro
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (C.L.); (M.T.H.)
| | - Margarida Fardilha
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine—iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Association between schizophrenia and prostate cancer risk: Results from a pool of cohort studies and Mendelian randomization analysis. Compr Psychiatry 2022; 115:152308. [PMID: 35303584 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2022.152308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies analyzing the risk of prostate cancer in schizophrenia patients have generated mixed results. We performed a meta-analysis and a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to evaluate the relationship and causality between schizophrenia and the risk of prostate cancer. METHODS A comprehensive and systematic search of cohort studies was conducted, and a random-effects model meta-analysis was performed to calculate the standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for prostate cancer incidence among schizophrenia patients versus the general population. To investigate the correlation between genetically-predicted schizophrenia and prostate cancer risk, we used summary statistics from the Prostate Cancer Association Group to Investigate Cancer Associated Alterations in the Genome (PRACTICAL) consortium (61,106 controls and 79,148 cases), and 75 schizophrenia-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) from European descent as the instrumental variable. RESULTS In the meta-analysis of 13 cohort studies with 218,076 men involved, a decreased risk of prostate cancer was observed among schizophrenia patients [SIR 0.610; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.500-0.740; p < 0.001] with significant heterogeneity (I2 = 83.3%; p < 0.001). However, MR analysis did not sustain the link between genetically-predicted schizophrenia and prostate cancer [odds ratio (OR) 1.033; 95% CI 0.998-1.069; p = 0.065]. The result was robust against extensive sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicated a decreased risk of prostate cancer in schizophrenia patients through meta-analysis, while MR analysis did not support the connection between schizophrenia and prostate cancer. Due to the interaction of genetic variants between binary exposures, we need to be cautious in interpreting and presenting causal associations. Moreover, further research is needed to investigate underlying factors that might link schizophrenia to the risk of prostate cancer.
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Calatayud DG, Neophytou S, Nicodemou E, Giuffrida SG, Ge H, Pascu SI. Nano-Theranostics for the Sensing, Imaging and Therapy of Prostate Cancers. Front Chem 2022; 10:830133. [PMID: 35494646 PMCID: PMC9039169 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.830133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We highlight hereby recent developments in the emerging field of theranostics, which encompasses the combination of therapeutics and diagnostics in a single entity aimed for an early-stage diagnosis, image-guided therapy as well as evaluation of therapeutic outcomes of relevance to prostate cancer (PCa). Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies in men and a frequent cause of male cancer death. As such, this overview is concerned with recent developments in imaging and sensing of relevance to prostate cancer diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring. A major advantage for the effective treatment of PCa is an early diagnosis that would provide information for an appropriate treatment. Several imaging techniques are being developed to diagnose and monitor different stages of cancer in general, and patient stratification is particularly relevant for PCa. Hybrid imaging techniques applicable for diagnosis combine complementary structural and morphological information to enhance resolution and sensitivity of imaging. The focus of this review is to sum up some of the most recent advances in the nanotechnological approaches to the sensing and treatment of prostate cancer (PCa). Targeted imaging using nanoparticles, radiotracers and biomarkers could result to a more specialised and personalised diagnosis and treatment of PCa. A myriad of reports has been published literature proposing methods to detect and treat PCa using nanoparticles but the number of techniques approved for clinical use is relatively small. Another facet of this report is on reviewing aspects of the role of functional nanoparticles in multimodality imaging therapy considering recent developments in simultaneous PET-MRI (Positron Emission Tomography-Magnetic Resonance Imaging) coupled with optical imaging in vitro and in vivo, whilst highlighting feasible case studies that hold promise for the next generation of dual modality medical imaging of PCa. It is envisaged that progress in the field of imaging and sensing domains, taken together, could benefit from the biomedical implementation of new synthetic platforms such as metal complexes and functional materials supported on organic molecular species, which can be conjugated to targeting biomolecules and encompass adaptable and versatile molecular architectures. Furthermore, we include hereby an overview of aspects of biosensing methods aimed to tackle PCa: prostate biomarkers such as Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) have been incorporated into synthetic platforms and explored in the context of sensing and imaging applications in preclinical investigations for the early detection of PCa. Finally, some of the societal concerns around nanotechnology being used for the detection of PCa are considered and addressed together with the concerns about the toxicity of nanoparticles–these were aspects of recent lively debates that currently hamper the clinical advancements of nano-theranostics. The publications survey conducted for this review includes, to the best of our knowledge, some of the most recent relevant literature examples from the state-of-the-art. Highlighting these advances would be of interest to the biomedical research community aiming to advance the application of theranostics particularly in PCa diagnosis and treatment, but also to those interested in the development of new probes and methodologies for the simultaneous imaging and therapy monitoring employed for PCa targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G. Calatayud
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
- Department of Electroceramics, Instituto de Ceramica y Vidrio - CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Sofia I. Pascu, ; David G. Calatayud,
| | - Sotia Neophytou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Eleni Nicodemou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | | | - Haobo Ge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Sofia I. Pascu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
- Centre of Therapeutic Innovations, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Sofia I. Pascu, ; David G. Calatayud,
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Mousavi SM, Zargarzadeh N, Rigi S, Persad E, Pizarro AB, Hasani-Ranjbar S, Larijani B, Willett WC, Esmaillzadeh A. Egg Consumption and Risk of All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis of Prospective Studies. Adv Nutr 2022; 13:1762-1773. [PMID: 35396834 PMCID: PMC9526855 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmac040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The association between egg consumption and mortality is extremely debatable. This study aimed to investigate the potential dose-response association of egg consumption with risk of mortality from all causes and cause-specific in the general population. The primary comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Embase up to March 2021, as well as reference lists of relevant original papers and key journals. We calculated summary RRs and their 95% CIs for the highest and lowest categories, as well as the linear trend estimation of egg intake, using the random-effects model. Thirty-three (32 publications) cohort studies were included. These studies enrolled 2,216,720 participants and recorded 232,408 deaths from all causes. Comparing highest versus lowest egg intake categories was not associated with the risk of mortality from all causes (RR: 1.02; 95% CI: 0.94, 1.11; n = 25), cardiovascular disease (CVD) (RR: 1.04; 95% CI: 0.87, 1.23, n = 11), coronary heart disease (CHD) (RR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.84, 1.16; n = 10), stroke (RR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.64, 1.02; n = 9), and respiratory disease (RR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.53, 1.71; n = 3); however, it was associated with a higher risk of cancer mortality (RR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.39; n = 13). In the linear dose-response analysis, an additional intake of 1 egg per week was associated with a 2% and 4% increased risk of all-cause and cancer mortality, respectively, and a 4% decreased risk of stroke mortality. The certainty of the evidence was rated as low to moderate. Higher egg consumption was not associated with an increased risk of mortality from all causes, CVD, CHD, stroke, or respiratory disease, whereas an elevated risk was observed for cancer mortality. These findings suggest that eggs be consumed in low to moderate amounts (≤1 egg/d) as part of a healthy diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Mousavi
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nikan Zargarzadeh
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somaye Rigi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Emma Persad
- Department for Evidence-based Medicine and Evaluation, Danube University Krems, Krems, Austria
| | | | - Shirin Hasani-Ranjbar
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Walter C Willett
- Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Kloping YP, Hakim L. Prostate Cancer Microbiome: A Narrative Review of What We Know So Far. CURRENT CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40588-022-00178-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Serum proteomics links suppression of tumor immunity to ancestry and lethal prostate cancer. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1759. [PMID: 35365620 PMCID: PMC8975871 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29235-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
There is evidence that tumor immunobiology and immunotherapy response may differ between African American and European American prostate cancer patients. Here, we determine if men of African descent harbor a unique systemic immune-oncological signature and measure 82 circulating proteins in almost 3000 Ghanaian, African American, and European American men. Protein signatures for suppression of tumor immunity and chemotaxis are elevated in men of West African ancestry. Importantly, the suppression of tumor immunity protein signature associates with metastatic and lethal prostate cancer, pointing to clinical importance. Moreover, two markers, pleiotrophin and TNFRSF9, predict poor disease survival specifically among African American men. These findings indicate that immune-oncology marker profiles differ between men of African and European descent. These differences may contribute to the disproportionate burden of lethal prostate cancer in men of African ancestry. The elevated peripheral suppression of tumor immunity may have important implication for guidance of cancer therapy which could particularly benefit African American patients. Ancestry-related differences in immunobiology may explain the health disparities observed in prostate cancer patients, with men of African origin bearing the highest prostate cancer burden. By measuring immune-related proteins in serum samples, here the authors report that systemic cytokines linked to suppression of tumor immunity are upregulated in men of African ancestry and associated with reduced survival.
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Wang L, Lu B, He M, Wang Y, Wang Z, Du L. Prostate Cancer Incidence and Mortality: Global Status and Temporal Trends in 89 Countries From 2000 to 2019. Front Public Health 2022; 10:811044. [PMID: 35252092 PMCID: PMC8888523 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.811044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AimsTo evaluate current status of prostate cancer incidence and mortality worldwide, and compare the global trends of incidence and mortality in the past two decades and in the most recent period.MethodsData on the incidence and mortality of prostate cancer for 174 countries in 2020 were obtained from the GLOBOCAN 2020 database, and associations with the human development index (HDI) were evaluated. Data for trend analyses in 89 countries from 2000 to 2019 were retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 platform. Age standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and mortality rate (ASMR) were calculated by using the Segi's population. The average annual percent changes (AAPC) of ASIRs and ASMRs were evaluated by joinpoint regression analysis.ResultsA total of 1 414 259 new cases of prostate cancer and 375 304 related deaths were reported in 2020 globally. HDI was positively correlated with ASIRs (P < 0.001) and negatively correlated with ASMRs (P < 0.001). In the past two decades, ASIRs have been increasing in 65 countries, stable in 15 countries and decreasing in 9 countries, and ASMRs have been increasing in 19 countries, stable in 25 countries and decreasing in 45 countries, respectively. In the most recent period, 44 countries have increasing ASIRs, and 32 countries have decreasing ASMRs, respectively. For instance, in the United States of America, the AAPC of ASIRs significantly decreased by 0.62% and ASMRs significantly decreased by 1.22% from 2000 to 2019, while the AAPC from 2015 to 2019 significantly increased by 0.49% for ASIRs and significantly increased by 0.48% for ASMRs.ConclusionThe magnitude of increasing incidence and decreasing mortality of prostate cancer is attenuated in the recent period. Further study is needed to analyze the absolute effect of risk factors, PSA screening and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Wang
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Lu
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mengjie He
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Youqing Wang
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Zongping Wang
- Department of Urology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zongping Wang
| | - Lingbin Du
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- Lingbin Du
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Profit versus Quality: The Enigma of Scientific Wellness. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12010034. [PMID: 35055349 PMCID: PMC8779909 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The “best of both worlds” is not often the case when it comes to implementing new health models, particularly in community settings. It is often a struggle between choosing or balancing between two components: depth of research or financial profit. This has become even more apparent with the recent shift to move away from a traditionally reactive model of medicine toward a predictive/preventative one. This has given rise to many new concepts and approaches with a variety of often overlapping aims. The purpose of this perspective is to highlight the pros and cons of the numerous ventures already implementing new concepts, to varying degrees, in community settings of quite differing scales—some successful and some falling short. Scientific wellness is a complex, multifaceted concept that requires integrated experimental/analytical designs that demand both high-quality research/healthcare and significant funding. We currently see the more likely long-term success of those ventures in which any profit is largely reinvested into research efforts and health/healthspan is the primary focus.
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Langlais CS, Chen YH, Van Blarigan EL, Kenfield SA, Kessler ER, Daniel K, Ramsdill JW, Beer TM, Graff RE, Paich K, Chan JM, Winters-Stone KM. Quality of Life of Prostate Cancer Survivors Participating in a Remotely Delivered Web-Based Behavioral Intervention Pilot Randomized Trial. Integr Cancer Ther 2022; 21:15347354211063500. [PMID: 35389288 PMCID: PMC9016550 DOI: 10.1177/15347354211063500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Following a prostate cancer (PC) diagnosis, treatment-related symptoms may
result in diminished quality of life (QoL). Improved diet and increased
exercise may improve QoL in men with PC. Methods: We conducted a 4-arm pilot randomized trial to assess feasibility and
acceptability of a 3-month web-based diet and exercise intervention, among
men (>18 years of age) with PC (reported elsewhere). The purpose of this
study is to describe the change in QoL measured by surveys (eg, QLQ-C30,
PROMIS Fatigue) at enrollment and following the intervention. Men were
randomized 1:1:1:1 to increasing levels of web-based behavioral support:
Level 1: website; Level 2: Level 1 plus personalized diet and exercise
prescription; Level 3: Levels 1-2 plus Fitbit and text messages; Level 4:
Levels 1-3 plus 2 30-minute coaching calls. T-tests were
used to compare pre-post change in mean QoL scores between each Level and
Level 1. Results: Two hundred and two men consented and were randomized (n = 49, 51, 50, 52 for
Levels 1-4, respectively). Men were predominantly white (93%), with a median
age of 70 years (Intra-quartile Range [IQR]: 65,75) and 3 years (IQR: 1,9)
post primary treatment for mostly localized disease (74% with T1-2). There
were no meaningful changes in QoL, but there were notable trends. Level 3
participants had small improvements in QLQ-C30 Global Health (5.46; 95% CI:
−0.02, 10.95) compared to Level 1. In contrast, Level 2 participants trended
toward decreasing Global QoL (−2.31, 95% CI: −8.05, 3.42), which may reflect
declines in function (eg, Cognitive: −6.94, 95% CI: −13.76, −0.13) and
higher symptom burden (eg, Diarrhea: 4.63, 95% CI: −1.48, 10.74). Conclusions: This short, web-based intervention did not appear to have an impact on PC
survivors’ QoL. Most men were several years past treatment for localized
disease; the potential for this approach to reduce symptoms and improve QoL
in men who have worse health may still be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Elizabeth R Kessler
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kimi Daniel
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Tomasz M Beer
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | | | - June M Chan
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Kubczak M, Szustka A, Rogalińska M. Molecular Targets of Natural Compounds with Anti-Cancer Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413659. [PMID: 34948455 PMCID: PMC8708931 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in humans. Despite rapid developments in diagnostic methods and therapies, metastasis and resistance to administrated drugs are the main obstacles to successful treatment. Therefore, the main challenge should be the diagnosis and design of optimal therapeutic strategies for patients to increase their chances of responding positively to treatment and increase their life expectancy. In many types of cancer, a deregulation of multiple pathways has been found. This includes disturbances in cellular metabolism, cell cycle, apoptosis, angiogenesis, or epigenetic modifications. Additionally, signals received from the microenvironment may significantly contribute to cancer development. Chemical agents obtained from natural sources seem to be very attractive alternatives to synthetic compounds. They can exhibit similar anti-cancer potential, usually with reduced side effects. It was reported that natural compounds obtained from fruits and vegetables, e.g., polyphenols, flavonoids, stilbenes, carotenoids and acetogenins, might be effective against cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Several published results indicate the activity of natural compounds on protein expression by its influence on transcription factors. They could also be involved in alterations in cellular response, cell signaling and epigenetic modifications. Such natural components could be used in our diet for anti-cancer protection. In this review, the activities of natural compounds, including anti-cancer properties, are described. The influence of natural agents on cancer cell metabolism, proliferation, signal transduction and epigenetic modifications is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Kubczak
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-237 Łódź, Poland;
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-237 Łódź, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Szustka
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-237 Łódź, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Rogalińska
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-237 Łódź, Poland;
- Correspondence:
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42
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Colón OR, Bolajoko O, Odedina F, Odedina F. Comparison of health access, lifestyle, prostate cancer knowledge and screening among black men residing in West Africa and the USA. Ecancermedicalscience 2021; 15:1309. [PMID: 34824632 PMCID: PMC8580715 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2021.1309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In Blacks, late presentation, lack of knowledge, health infrastructural deficiencies and socio-demographic characteristics, which result in poor outcomes, are the bane of cancers. This study evaluated health access and lifestyle association with prostate cancer (PCa) knowledge and screening among black men. Methodology This study used data from the Prostate Cancer Transatlantic Consortium familial cohort study. Data were gathered from a cross-sectional survey of 500 community-dwelling black men in Nigeria, Cameroon, and the USA. Information on socio-demographics, health care access, PCa knowledge score and screening behaviour was obtained, and the association between these variables was evaluated. Results The majority (81.6%) were Nigerian. The age ranges were 35–49 (55.2%) and ≥65 (8.4%). The income distribution of the respondents showed that 23.3% earned <$1,000 and 30.7% (>$2,000) monthly. Only 43% had health insurance coverage, and 12% had accessed a doctor in 12 months. Respondents relied on orthodox medicine (50.8%), neighbourhood pharmacy (10.6%), self-medication (5%) and neighbourhood nurse (24.6%). The participants had either poor (45.2%) or very poor (23.2%) dietary patterns. Most (66.67%) do not engage in physical activity and about 33.33% engage in some exercises. Moreover, 87.8% and 78.3% have never had a digital rectal examination (DRE) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening in their lifetime, respectively, while 6.8% and 1.6% had DRE last 1 year and 2 years, respectively. Furthermore, 65.2%, 19.8% and 15% of the respondents had poor, fair and good knowledge of PCa, respectively. Health care coverage (p < 0.001), medical care habit (p = 0.001), routine checkup (p = 0.013) were significantly associated with respondents’ PCa knowledge. Routine checkup (p < 0.001) and country (p < 0.001) were significantly related to PSA screening. Conclusion The study showed that PCa screening uptake was poor among the respondents and country of residence was associated with PCa screening behaviours. Healthcare coverage was significantly associated with PCa knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orlando Rivera Colón
- School of Kinesiology and Physical Therapy, Department of Health Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Opeyemi Bolajoko
- Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Federal University of Agriculture, PMB 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Folakemi Odedina
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Folakemi Odedina
- School of Kinesiology and Physical Therapy, Department of Health Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA.,Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Federal University of Agriculture, PMB 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Prostate Cancer Transatlantic Consortium
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43
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Wilson RL, Taaffe DR, Newton RU, Hart NH, Lyons-Wall P, Galvão DA. Obesity and prostate cancer: A narrative review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 169:103543. [PMID: 34808374 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Overweight and obese men with prostate cancer are at an increased risk of disease recurrence, exacerbated treatment-related adverse effects, development of obesity-related comorbidities, earlier progression and development of metastatic disease, and higher all-cause and prostate cancer-specific mortality. The physiological mechanisms associating obesity with poor prostate cancer outcomes remain largely unknown; however, an increased inflammatory environment and metabolic irregularities associated with excess fat mass are commonly postulated. Although research is limited, fat loss strategies using exercise and nutrition programmes may slow down prostate cancer progression and improve a patient's prognosis. This review is an overview of: 1) the association between obesity and poor prostate cancer prognosis; 2) potential physiological mechanisms linking obesity and prostate cancer progression; 3) the effect of obesity on treatments for prostate cancer; and 4) the potential for weight loss strategies to improve outcomes in patients with prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah L Wilson
- Division of Population Sciences, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, United States; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, United States.
| | - Dennis R Taaffe
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia
| | - Nicolas H Hart
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia; Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Perth, WA, 6160, Australia; College of Nursing and Health Science, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - Philippa Lyons-Wall
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia
| | - Daniel A Galvão
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia
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Bakshi A, Riaz M, Orchard SG, Carr PR, Joshi AD, Cao Y, Rebello R, Nguyen-Dumont T, Southey MC, Millar JL, Gately L, Gibbs P, Ford LG, Parnes HL, Chan AT, McNeil JJ, Lacaze P. A Polygenic Risk Score Predicts Incident Prostate Cancer Risk in Older Men but Does Not Select for Clinically Significant Disease. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5815. [PMID: 34830967 PMCID: PMC8616400 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the high prevalence of prostate cancer in older men, the predictive value of a polygenic risk score (PRS) remains uncertain in men aged ≥70 years. We used a 6.6 million-variant PRS to predict the risk of incident prostate cancer in a prospective study of 5701 men of European descent aged ≥70 years (mean age 75 years) enrolled in the ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) clinical trial. The study endpoint was prostate cancer, including metastatic or non-metastatic disease, confirmed by an expert panel. After excluding participants with a history of prostate cancer at enrolment, we used a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model to assess the association between the PRS and incident prostate cancer risk, adjusting for covariates. Additionally, we examined the distribution of Gleason grade groups by PRS group to determine if a higher PRS was associated with higher grade disease. We tested for interaction between the PRS and aspirin treatment. Logistic regression was used to independently assess the association of the PRS with prevalent (pre-trial) prostate cancer, reported in medical histories. During a median follow-up time of 4.6 years, 218 of the 5701 participants (3.8%) were diagnosed with prostate cancer. The PRS predicted incident risk with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.52 per standard deviation (SD) (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.33-1.74, p < 0.001). Men in the top quintile of the PRS distribution had an almost three times higher risk of prostate cancer than men in the lowest quintile (HR = 2.99 (95% CI 1.90-4.27), p < 0.001). However, a higher PRS was not associated with a higher Gleason grade groups. We found no interaction between aspirin treatment and the PRS for prostate cancer risk. The PRS was also associated with prevalent prostate cancer (odds ratio = 1.80 per SD (95% CI 1.65-1.96), p < 0.001).While a PRS for prostate cancer is strongly associated with incident risk in men aged ≥70 years, the clinical utility of the PRS as a biomarker is currently limited by its inability to select for clinically significant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Bakshi
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; (M.R.); (S.G.O.); (P.R.C.); (J.L.M.); (J.J.M.); (P.L.)
| | - Moeen Riaz
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; (M.R.); (S.G.O.); (P.R.C.); (J.L.M.); (J.J.M.); (P.L.)
| | - Suzanne G. Orchard
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; (M.R.); (S.G.O.); (P.R.C.); (J.L.M.); (J.J.M.); (P.L.)
| | - Prudence R. Carr
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; (M.R.); (S.G.O.); (P.R.C.); (J.L.M.); (J.J.M.); (P.L.)
| | - Amit D. Joshi
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, MGH Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02108, USA; (A.D.J.); (A.T.C.)
| | - Yin Cao
- Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;
| | - Richard Rebello
- Centre for Cancer Research, Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Tú Nguyen-Dumont
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia; (T.N.-D.); (M.C.S.)
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Melissa C. Southey
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia; (T.N.-D.); (M.C.S.)
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Jeremy L. Millar
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; (M.R.); (S.G.O.); (P.R.C.); (J.L.M.); (J.J.M.); (P.L.)
- Alfred Health Radiation Oncology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Lucy Gately
- Personalised Oncology Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; (L.G.); (P.G.)
| | - Peter Gibbs
- Personalised Oncology Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; (L.G.); (P.G.)
| | - Leslie G. Ford
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20892, USA; (L.G.F.); (H.L.P.)
| | - Howard L. Parnes
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20892, USA; (L.G.F.); (H.L.P.)
| | - Andrew T. Chan
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, MGH Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02108, USA; (A.D.J.); (A.T.C.)
| | - John J. McNeil
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; (M.R.); (S.G.O.); (P.R.C.); (J.L.M.); (J.J.M.); (P.L.)
| | - Paul Lacaze
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; (M.R.); (S.G.O.); (P.R.C.); (J.L.M.); (J.J.M.); (P.L.)
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, MGH Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02108, USA; (A.D.J.); (A.T.C.)
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Weng Y, Xiang J, Le W, Mao Y. Role of MicroRNA-101 on Proliferation and Migration of Prostate Cancer Cells. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2021.2789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: MicroRNA-101 is a tumor inhibitor that stimulates tumor progression by reducing or inhibiting the expression of certain oncogenes. Some studies presented that cox-2 is target of MicroRNA 101 in prostate cancer process. Methods: MicroRNA-101 expression was detected
by RT-PCR in PC3 cell lines. A and to determine cell proliferation we used MTT assays. Cell would heal and Flow cytometry assays were also used to detect cellular migratory ability and apoptosis, respectively. To assess cox-2 protein expression, Immunohistochemistry was used and data analyzed
by data analysis by SPSS 20. Results: PC3 cells treated by MicroRNA-101 mimics displayed a 24% elevation in growth rate compared with blank (P < 0.01) at 48 h, and a 12% increase (P < 0.01) at 72 h. On the other hand, at 48 and 72 h after the MicroRNA-101 inhibitor
transfection, proliferation of PC3 cell was decreased significantly. The early apoptosis rate in transfected PC3 cells with MicroRNA-101 mimic (74.4%) and inhibitor (22.8%) were significantly different at 72 h after transfection (P < 0.05), MicroRNA-101 mimics inhibited cell migration,
adhesion, and spread was wider relative to the group of control and inhibitor for the PC3 cells. Expression of Cox-2 in transfected PC3 with the MicroRNA-101 inhibitor was higher than the mimic and control groups significantly (P < 0.01). Conclusion: MicroRNA-101 by Cox-2
can play key roles in the prostate cancer pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Weng
- Department of Reproductive Medical Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Jun Xiang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Wei Le
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Yuanshen Mao
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201999, China
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46
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Katz R, Ahmed MA, Safadi A, Abu Nasra W, Visoki A, Huckim M, Elias I, Nuriel‐Ohayon M, Neuman H. Characterization of fecal microbiome in biopsy positive prostate cancer patients. BJUI COMPASS 2021; 3:55-61. [PMID: 35475151 PMCID: PMC8988526 DOI: 10.1002/bco2.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To characterize the fecal microbiome in newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients. Patients and methods Forty‐nine consecutive patients who were referred for trans rectal prostate biopsy were tested. Patients who received antibiotics 3 months prior to the biopsy, patients with history of pelvic irradiation, prostate or colon cancer, inflammatory bowel disease and urinary tract infection were excluded. A rectal swab was obtained just prior to the biopsy, immediately placed in a sterile tube and kept in −80°C. Sequencing was performed for the 16S rRNA 515F + 806R gene fragment using the QIIME2 software. Analytic tests included Beta diversity (Weighted Unifrac, Unweighted Unifrac, Bray‐Curtis), Alpha diversity (Faith, Evenness), Taxa bar plots and PCoA plots. Results Forty‐five samples were suitable for analysis with at least 8000 readings per sample. All patients were Caucasian. Twenty patients had prostate cancer and 25 had benign prostates (BPH). Among prostate cancer patients, Gleason Score was 3 + 3 in 11 patients, 3 + 4 in 5, 4 + 3 in 3, and 4 + 4 in 2. There was no statistical difference in demographic parameters between the groups. We identified over 1000 bacterial species, typical for the colonic microbiome. No significant differences in bacterial populations were found between prostate cancer versus benign prostate patients nor between age groups or between subgroups of Gleason or International Society of Uro‐pathology (ISUP) scores. Conclusions Although the microbiome has previously been shown to have an impact on the human microenvironment and cancer risk, we could not demonstrate a significant difference between the flora diversity of newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients and BPH patients. Further research into distinct bacterial metabolic pathways may reveal unique risk factors for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Katz
- Department of Urology Ziv Medical Center Safed Israel
| | | | - Ali Safadi
- Department of Urology Ziv Medical Center Safed Israel
| | | | | | | | - Ibrahim Elias
- Department of Urology Ziv Medical Center Safed Israel
| | | | - Hadar Neuman
- Medical Research Center Ziv Medical Center and Zefat Academic College Safed Israel
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47
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García-Perdomo HA, Gómez-Ospina JC, Chaves-Medina MJ, Sierra JM, Gómez AMA, Rivas JG. Impact of lifestyle in prostate cancer patients. What should we do? Int Braz J Urol 2021; 48:244-262. [PMID: 34472770 PMCID: PMC8932020 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2021.0297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This review aimed to analyze interventions raised within primary and tertiary prevention concerning the disease's incidence, progression, and recurrence of Prostate Cancer (PCa). Priority was given to the multidisciplinary approach of PCa patients with an emphasis on modifiable risk factors. Materials and Methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature review in the following databases: Embase, Central, and Medline. We included the most recent evidence assessing cohort studies, case-control studies, clinical trials, and systematic reviews published in the last five years. We only included studies in adults and in vitro or cell culture studies. The review was limited to English and Spanish articles. Results: Preventive interventions at all levels are the cornerstone of adherence to disease treatment and progression avoidance. The relationship in terms of healthy lifestyles is related to greater survival. The risk of developing cancer is associated to different eating habits, determined by geographic variations, possibly related to different genetic susceptibilities. Discussion: PCa is the second most common cancer in men, representing a leading cause of death among men in Latin America. Prevention strategies and healthy lifestyles are associated with higher survival rates in PCa patients. Also, screening for anxiety and the presence of symptoms related to mood disorders is essential in the patient's follow-up concerning their perception of the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herney Andrés García-Perdomo
- Division of Urology/Uroooncology, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Universidad Del Valle, Cali, Colombia.,UROGIV Research Group, School of Medicine, Universidad Del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | | | | | | | | | - Juan Gómez Rivas
- Department of Urology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
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48
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Cho D, Milbury K, Liao Y, Pettaway CA, Gregg JR, Li Y, McNeill LH. Study protocol: One plus one can be greater than two-Ecological momentary assessment for Black prostate cancer survivors and partners. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255614. [PMID: 34370761 PMCID: PMC8351991 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Given that romantic partners play a pivotal role in patients' survivorship period, integrating partners into survivorship care and broadening the focus of behavioral interventions from the individual (survivor) to the survivor-partner dyad may make healthy lifestyle behaviors more easily adopted and potentially maintained. Understanding the role of dyadic processes in Black survivors is particularly important because their lifestyle behaviors are poor and they have higher cancer-specific and all-cause mortality. To develop an effective dyadic lifestyle behavior intervention for Black survivors, micro-level investigations of interactions between Black survivors and their partners are necessary to pinpoint how survivors and partners facilitate or hinder each other's lifestyle behaviors in their natural, everyday lives. Accordingly, the objective of the present study is to fill these gaps using ecological momentary assessment to eventually develop more effective lifestyle interventions for Black prostate cancer (PCa) survivors and partners. A total of 120 dyads (i.e., 240 individuals) who are Black adult survivors diagnosed with non-metastatic PCa and their romantic partners will be asked to complete four assessments per day for 14 consecutive days on a smartphone after an initial retrospective survey. Over the 14 days, participants will be asked to complete a brief survey regarding their lifestyle behaviors (physical activity, sedentariness and eating behaviors), contexts of lifestyle behaviors, stress, and coping. Physical activity and sedentary behavior will be assessed via accelerometer; eating behaviors will be assessed with the Automated Self-Administered 24-hour Dietary Assessment Tool. After completing the 14-day assessment, participants will be asked to complete a final retrospective survey. Results of the proposed study will inform the rigorous development of a theory-based dyadic lifestyle intervention in this vulnerable survivorship population with the ultimate goal to improve overall survival and reduce morbidities (for survivors) and reduce cancer incidence (for partners).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalnim Cho
- Department of Health Disparities Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Kathrin Milbury
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Yue Liao
- Department of Kinesiology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Curtis A. Pettaway
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Justin R. Gregg
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Yisheng Li
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Lorna H. McNeill
- Department of Health Disparities Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
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49
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Ferro M, Lucarelli G, Buonerba C, Terracciano D, Boccia G, Cerullo G, Cosimato V. Narrative review of Mediterranean diet in Cilento: longevity and potential prevention for prostate cancer. Ther Adv Urol 2021; 13:17562872211026404. [PMID: 35173812 PMCID: PMC8842148 DOI: 10.1177/17562872211026404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Ferro
- Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) - IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lucarelli
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation – Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Carlo Buonerba
- Regional Reference Center for Rare Tumors, Department of Oncology and Hematology, AOU Federico II of Naples, Naples, Campania, Italy
- National Reference Center for Environmental Health, Zoo-prophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy
| | - Daniela Terracciano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University Federico II, Naples, Campania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Boccia
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cerullo
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples “Parthenope”, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Cosimato
- Division of Laboratory Medicine – Civil Hospital “Maria SS. Addolorata”– Eboli, Salerno, Italy
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Mouzannar A, Kuchakulla M, Blachman-Braun R, Nackeeran S, Becerra M, Nahar B, Punnen S, Ritch C, Parekh DJ, Gonzalgo ML. Impact of Plant-Based Diet on PSA Level: Data From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Urology 2021; 156:205-210. [PMID: 34303759 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2021.05.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the potential association between plant-based dietary content and PSA levels among men enrolled in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). METHODS Data on demographics, diet, and PSA levels was acquired from the NHANES database. Plant-based diet index (PDI) and healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI) were calculated using food frequency questionnaires. A higher score on PDI and hPDI indicates higher consumption of plant foods or healthy plant foods, respectively. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association between elevated PSA, clinical variables, demographics, and plant-based diet indices. RESULTS A total of 1399 men were included in the final cohort. Median age of participants was 54 [46-63] years. Median PSA level was 0.9 [0.6-1.5] ng/dL, and 69 (4.9%) men had a PSA level ≥4 ng/dL. Although there was no association between elevated PSA and PDI, on multivariable analysis patients with higher consumption of healthy plant-based diet (high hPDI scores) had a decreased probability of having an elevated PSA (OR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.24-0.95; P = .034). CONCLUSION There is a significant association between increased consumption of a healthy plant-based diet and lower PSA levels. This finding may be incorporated into the shared-decision making process with patients to promote healthier lifestyle choices to reduce the likelihood of prostate biopsy and potential treatment-related morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mouzannar
- Department of Urology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL.
| | - Manish Kuchakulla
- Department of Urology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - Ruben Blachman-Braun
- Department of Urology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - Sirpi Nackeeran
- Department of Urology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - Maria Becerra
- Department of Urology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - Bruno Nahar
- Department of Urology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - Sanoj Punnen
- Department of Urology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - Chad Ritch
- Department of Urology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - Dipen J Parekh
- Department of Urology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - Mark L Gonzalgo
- Department of Urology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL
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