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Lamboglia CG, Ruissen GR, Mandic S, Garcia Bengoechea E, Spence JC. Temporal relationships in the movement behaviour of adolescents: Testing and methodological considerations of the ActivityStat hypothesis. J Sports Sci 2024; 42:947-958. [PMID: 38978311 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2024.2372929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the ActivityStat hypothesis by examining the presence and the timeframe of the temporal relationships among physical activity (PA) levels and stationary time (ST) in adolescents. A secondary analysis was performed on data involving 356 adolescents in Dunedin, New Zealand. Participants wore a waist-worn accelerometer for several consecutive days to assess PA levels [i.e. light PA (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA)] and ST. Bayesian continuous-time structural equation modelling (CT-SEM) was used to examine the relationship between the behaviours over time and the timeframe during which these relationships occur. Increases in LPA, MVPA, and ST were positively associated with their later behaviours until 2.5, 1.7, and 2 days later, respectively. A cross-behavioural reciprocal and negative relationship between LPA and ST was demonstrated 0.4 days later. A positive relationship between ST and MVPA was observed until about 0.4 days later. This is the first study to investigate the ActivityStat hypothesis using Bayesian CT-SEM in adolescents, examining the multivariate relationships among different behaviours and the associated timeframes. To conclude, evidence of activity synergy was suggested for the within-behavioural relationships, while behavioural compensation was noted for ST. Thus, the findings provide some support for the ActivityStat hypothesis in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Geralyn R Ruissen
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Sandra Mandic
- AGILE Research Ltd, Wellington, New Zealand
- School of Sport and Recreation, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Enrique Garcia Bengoechea
- Research and Innovation Unit, Sport Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, Health Research Institute, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - John C Spence
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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2
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Westerterp KR. Predicting total energy expenditure. Am J Clin Nutr 2024; 119:1097-1098. [PMID: 38702107 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Klaas R Westerterp
- NUTRIM, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Baldwin JN, He J, Oliveira JS, Bates A, Tiedemann A, Hassett L, Sherrington C, Pinheiro MB. Responsiveness of Patient-Reported and Device-Based Physical Activity Measures: Secondary Analysis of Four Randomized Trials. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2024; 56:663-672. [PMID: 37962224 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to compare the responsiveness of patient-reported and device-based instruments within four physical activity trials. METHODS This was a secondary analysis of four randomized trials that used both a patient-reported outcome measure (the Incidental and Planned Exercise Questionnaire (IPEQ)) and a device-based instrument (ActiGraph or ActivPAL) to measure physical activity. The four trials included were (i) Activity and MObility UsiNg Technology (AMOUNT), digitally enabled exercises in those undertaking aged care and neurological rehabilitation; (ii) Balance Exercise Strength Training at Home, home-based balance and strength exercises in community-dwelling people 65 yr or older; (iii) Coaching for Healthy Ageing (CHAnGE), physical activity coaching and fall prevention intervention in community-dwelling people 60 yr or older; and (iv) Fitbit trial, fall prevention and physical activity promotion with health coaching and activity monitor in community-dwelling people 60 yr or older. We estimated treatment effects for all variables within each physical activity instrument using regression analyses and expressed results as effect sizes (ES). RESULTS Overall, device-based instruments were more responsive among healthy older adults (ES range, 0.01 to 0.32), whereas the IPEQ was more responsive among adults requiring rehabilitation (ES range, -0.06 to 0.35). Both the IPEQ and device-based instruments were more responsive in trials that promoted walking via coaching participants to increase their daily steps (AMOUNT (ES range, -0.06 to 0.35), CHAnGE (ES range, -0.24 to 0.22), and Fitbit trial (ES range, -0.23 to 0.32)). Individual variables within the IPEQ and device-based instruments varied in their responsiveness (ES range, -0.13 to 0.20). CONCLUSIONS Both the IPEQ and device-based instruments are able to detect small changes in physical activity levels. However, responsiveness varies across different interventions and populations. Our findings provide guidance for researchers and clinicians in selecting an appropriate instrument to measure changes in physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Amanda Bates
- Health Promotion Service, Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District, Wollongong, New South Wales, AUSTRALIA
| | | | | | - Catherine Sherrington
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AUSTRALIA
| | - Marina B Pinheiro
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, AUSTRALIA
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Sarant JZ, Busby PA, Schembri AJ, Fowler C, Harris DC. ENHANCE: a comparative prospective longitudinal study of cognitive outcomes after 3 years of hearing aid use in older adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 15:1302185. [PMID: 38356856 PMCID: PMC10864469 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1302185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background With an aging population, the prevalence of hearing loss and dementia are increasing rapidly. Hearing loss is currently considered the largest potentially modifiable risk factor for dementia. The effect of hearing interventions on cognitive function should therefore be investigated, as if effective, these may be successfully implemented to modify cognitive outcomes for older adults with hearing loss. Methods This prospective longitudinal observational cohort study compared outcomes of a convenience sample of prospectively recruited first-time hearing aid users without dementia from an audiology center with those of community-living older adults participating in a large prospective longitudinal cohort study with/without hearing loss and/or hearing aids. All participants were assessed at baseline, 18 months, and 36 months using the same measures. Results Participants were 160 audiology clinic patients (48.8% female patient; mean age 73.5 years) with mild-severe hearing loss, fitted with hearing aids at baseline, and 102 participants of the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle Flagship Study of Aging (AIBL) (55.9% female patient; mean age 74.5 years). 18- and 36-month outcomes of subsets of the first participants to reach these points and complete the cognition assessment to date are compared. Primary comparative analysis showed cognitive stability for the hearing aid group while the AIBL group declined on working memory, visual attention, and psychomotor function. There was a non-significant trend for decline in visual learning for the AIBL group versus no decline for the hearing aid group. The hearing aid group showed significant decline on only 1 subtest and at a significantly slower rate than for the AIBL participants (p < 0.05). When education effects on cognitive trajectory were controlled, the HA group still performed significantly better on visual attention and psychomotor function (lower educated participants only) compared to the AIBL group but not on working memory or visual learning. Physical activity had no effect on cognitive performance trajectory. Conclusion Hearing aid users demonstrated significantly better cognitive performance to 3 years post-fitting, suggesting that hearing intervention may delay cognitive decline/dementia onset in older adults. Further studies using appropriate measures of cognition, hearing, and device use, with longer follow-up, are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Z. Sarant
- Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter A. Busby
- Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Christopher Fowler
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David C. Harris
- Department of Economics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Szpunar M, Bourke M, Vanderloo LM, Bruijns BA, Truelove S, Burke SM, Gilliland J, Irwin JD, Tucker P. Association Between Children's and Parents' Physical Activity During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Lagged Analysis. J Phys Act Health 2024; 21:68-76. [PMID: 37922891 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2023-0356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 caused closures of movement supporting environments such as gyms and schools in Canada. This study evaluated the association between Ontario parents' and children's physical activity levels across time during COVID-19, controlling for variables that were identified as significant predictors of children's and parents' physical activity (e.g., children's age, parents' employment status). METHODS Parents (n = 243; mean age = 38.8 y) of children aged 12 and under (n = 408; mean age = 6.3 y) living in Ontario, Canada completed 2 online surveys, the first between August and December 2020 and the second between August and December 2021. At baseline, parents were asked to recall prepandemic physical activity levels. To determine the association between parent and child physical activity during COVID-19, a cross-lagged model was estimated to determine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between parents' and children's physical activity across time. RESULTS Bivariate associations revealed that parents' and children's physical activity levels were significantly related during lockdown and postlockdown but not prelockdown. The autoregressive paths from prelockdown to during lockdown were significant for children (β = 0.53, P < .001) and parents (β = 1.058, P < .001) as were the autoregressive paths from during lockdown to postlockdown for children (β = 0.61, P < .001) and parents (β = 0.48, P < .001). In fully adjusted models, the cross-lagged association between parents' physical activity prelockdowns was significantly positively associated with their children's physical activity during lockdowns (β = 0.19, P = .013). CONCLUSIONS Resources are needed to ensure that children and parents are obtaining sufficient levels of physical activity, particularly during a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Szpunar
- Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Matthew Bourke
- School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Leigh M Vanderloo
- School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
- ParticipACTION, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brianne A Bruijns
- School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Stephanie Truelove
- Member Interest Groups Section, Professional Development and Practice Support, College of Family Physicians of Canada, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Shauna M Burke
- School of Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
- Children's Health Research Institute, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - Jason Gilliland
- School of Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
- Children's Health Research Institute, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Geography and Environment, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer D Irwin
- School of Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Patricia Tucker
- School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
- Children's Health Research Institute, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
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Schauer M, Motevalli M, Tanous D, Mair S, Burtscher M, Wirnitzer K. The Association of Physical Activity Level with Micronutrient and Health Status of Austrian Bank Employees. Nutrients 2023; 15:4884. [PMID: 38068742 PMCID: PMC10708120 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Favorable health benefits of an active lifestyle have been clearly documented within the context of occupational health. However, a knowledge gap exists regarding the monitoring and comparison of micronutrient status across varying levels of physical activity (PA). This study aimed to investigate the association of PA level with micronutrient status and the associated health biomarkers among a cohort of Austrian bank employees. METHODS Using a cross-sectional design, this study involved the participation of bank employees (n = 123; average age: 43 years; 49% males) from the federal state of Tyrol, located in the western part of Austria. To assess PA levels and sedentary behavior, the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ; developed by the WHO) was administered. Accordingly, participants were categorized into three groups: low PA, moderate PA, and high PA. Participants' blood samples were obtained to measure blood levels of micronutrients, homocysteine, and CoQ10. The values of vitamins and minerals in whole-blood were compared to sex-specific reference ranges and grouped into three categories: below, within, or exceeding the reference range. RESULTS The prevalence of a high PA level was 61%, while 18% of participants had a low PA level. Overweight/obesity was significantly less prevalent among participants with high PA levels (22%) compared to those with moderate (50%) and low (50%) PA levels (p = 0.045). No significant differences between PA levels were found for sex, age, diet type, homocysteine, or CoQ10 markers (p > 0.05). There was no significant PA-based difference in blood concentrations of most vitamins and minerals (p > 0.05), except for vitamin D (p = 0.001) among females, as well as selenium (p = 0.040) and vitamin B12 (p = 0.048) among males. CONCLUSION The present findings offer initial insights into the link between PA behaviors, micronutrient status, and health, highlighting potential implications in occupational health and lifestyle, specifically in developing tailored approaches based on PA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Schauer
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mohamad Motevalli
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Research and Development in Teacher Education, University College of Teacher Education Tyrol, 6010 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Derrick Tanous
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Research and Development in Teacher Education, University College of Teacher Education Tyrol, 6010 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Susanne Mair
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Martin Burtscher
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Katharina Wirnitzer
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Research and Development in Teacher Education, University College of Teacher Education Tyrol, 6010 Innsbruck, Austria
- Research Center Medical Humanities, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
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7
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Wu WJ, Yu HB, Tai WH, Zhang R, Hao WY. Validity of Actigraph for Measuring Energy Expenditure in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:8545. [PMID: 37896640 PMCID: PMC10610851 DOI: 10.3390/s23208545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the validity of the Actigraph triaxial accelerometer device in measuring physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) in healthy adults, with indirect calorimetry (IC) serving as the validity criterion. METHODS A comprehensive search was conducted using the PubMed, Web of Science, and sportdiscuss databases, in addition to manual searches for supplementary sources. Search strategies were employed that involved conducting single keyword searches using the terms "gt3x" and "Actigraph gt3x". The literature search encompassed the timeframe spanning from 1 January 2010 to 1 March 2023. The methodological quality of the studies included in the analysis was evaluated using both the Downs and Black checklist and the Consensus-Based Criteria for Selection of Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) checklist. The meta-analysis was conducted using the Review Manager 5.4 software. The standardized mean difference (SMD) was calculated and expressed as a 95% confidence interval (CI). The significance level was set at α = 0.05. A systematic assessment of the Actigraph's performance was conducted through the descriptive analysis of computed effect sizes. RESULTS A total of 4738 articles were retrieved from the initial search. After eliminating duplicate articles and excluding those deemed irrelevant, a comprehensive analysis was conducted on a total of 20 studies, encompassing a combined sample size of 1247 participants. The scores on the Downs and Black checklist ranged from 10 to 14, with a mean score of 11.35. The scores on the COSMIN checklist varied from 50% to 100%, with an average score of 65.83%. The meta-analysis findings revealed a small effect size (SMD = 0.01, 95% CI = 0.50-0.52, p = 0.97), indicating no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The meta-analysis revealed a small effect size when comparing the Actigraph and IC, suggesting that the Actigraph can be utilized for assessing total PAEE. Descriptive analyses have indicated that the Actigraph device has limited validity in accurately measuring energy expenditure during specific physical activities, such as high-intensity and low-intensity activities. Therefore, caution should be exercised when utilizing this device for such purposes. Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between the activity counts measured by the Actigraph and the PAEE, indicating that activity counts can be utilized as a predictive variable for PAEE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jian Wu
- School of Sports Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China;
- School of Physical Education, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China; (R.Z.); (W.-Y.H.)
| | - Hai-Bin Yu
- School of Physical Education, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China; (R.Z.); (W.-Y.H.)
- Graduate School, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Wei-Hsun Tai
- School of Physical Education, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China; (R.Z.); (W.-Y.H.)
- Graduate School, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- School of Physical Education, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China; (R.Z.); (W.-Y.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Wei-Ya Hao
- School of Physical Education, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China; (R.Z.); (W.-Y.H.)
- China Institute of Sport Science, General Administration of Sport of China, Beijing 100061, China
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McGrosky A, Pontzer H. The fire of evolution: energy expenditure and ecology in primates and other endotherms. J Exp Biol 2023; 226:297166. [PMID: 36916459 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.245272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Total energy expenditure (TEE) represents the total energy allocated to growth, reproduction and body maintenance, as well as the energy expended on physical activity. Early experimental work in animal energetics focused on the costs of specific tasks (basal metabolic rate, locomotion, reproduction), while determination of TEE was limited to estimates from activity budgets or measurements of subjects confined to metabolic chambers. Advances in recent decades have enabled measures of TEE in free-living animals, challenging traditional additive approaches to understanding animal energy budgets. Variation in lifestyle and activity level can impact individuals' TEE on short time scales, but interspecific differences in TEE are largely shaped by evolution. Here, we review work on energy expenditure across the animal kingdom, with a particular focus on endotherms, and examine recent advances in primate energetics. Relative to other placental mammals, primates have low TEE, which may drive their slow pace of life and be an evolved response to the challenges presented by their ecologies and environments. TEE variation among hominoid primates appears to reflect adaptive shifts in energy throughput and allocation in response to ecological pressures. As the taxonomic breadth and depth of TEE data expand, we will be able to test additional hypotheses about how energy budgets are shaped by environmental pressures and explore the more proximal mechanisms that drive intra-specific variation in energy expenditure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda McGrosky
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Herman Pontzer
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.,Duke Global Health Institute, Durham, NC 27708, USA
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Brayton RP, Price AM, Jones C, Ellis C, Burkhart S, Knell G. Prospective evaluation of 24-hour movement behaviors among adolescents recovering from a sport-related concussion. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. CHILD 2023:1-9. [PMID: 36809228 DOI: 10.1080/21622965.2023.2181082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to describe the 24-hour composition of movement behaviors, including sleep, sedentary behavior, and physical activity (PA), among pediatric sports-related concussion (SRC) patients over their recovery period, assess the association between movement compositions and recovery time, and understand feasibility of 24-hour accelerometry in the study population. A cohort of 50 pediatric SRC patients were asked to wear a wrist-worn accelerometer continuously for the duration of their recovery. Among all enrolled participants, the sample was primarily 14 or 15 years of age (65%), female (55%), and recovered in under 28 days (88%). Accelerometer compliance was moderate; 35 participants (70%) were compliant with the protocol. Compositional analysis was used to address time-use objectives in 33 participants who provided adequate data for inclusion. Overall, participants spent an average of 50% of their 24-hour day sedentary, 33% sleeping, 11% in light intensity PA, and 6% in moderate or vigorous intensity PA. The 24-hour composition of movement behaviors was not associated with recovery time (p = .09-.99). However, the limited sample size may have contributed to null findings. Given recent evidence supporting the effects of sedentary behavior and PA on concussion recovery, future studies should aim to further validate these findings in a larger sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riley P Brayton
- Research Staff, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - August M Price
- Concussion Program Director, Sports Neuropsychology, Bellapianta Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Montclair, New Jersey, USA
| | - Carrie Jones
- Certified Athletic Trainer, Sport Neuropsychology, Children's Health Andrews Institute for Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Plano, Texas, USA
| | - Christine Ellis
- Pediatric Nurse Practitioner, Sport Neuropsychology, Children's Health Andrews Institute for Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Plano, Texas, USA
| | - Scott Burkhart
- Senior Program Director, Sport Neuropsychology, Children's Health Andrews Institute for Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Plano, TX, USA
| | - Gregory Knell
- Assistant Professor, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Dallas, Texas, USA
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10
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Baumbach L, König HH, Hajek A. Associations between changes in physical activity and perceived social exclusion and loneliness within middle-aged adults - longitudinal evidence from the German ageing survey. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:274. [PMID: 36750955 PMCID: PMC9906901 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15217-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research showed negative associations between physical activity and loneliness in older adults. However, information on associations among middle-aged adults is scarce. In this prognostic factor study, we investigated if starting or stopping to follow the WHO physical activity recommendations was associated with changes in perceived social exclusion and loneliness in this age bracket. METHODS We used longitudinal representative data of participants aged 40 to 64 years from the German Ageing Survey waves in 2014 and 2017 (analytical sample = 4,264 observations, 54% women). Perceived social exclusion was investigated with the scale from Bude and Lantermann. Loneliness was quantified with the 6-items loneliness scale from De Jong Gierveld. Information from the International Physical Activity Survey items on the time spend in moderate and vigorous physical activity per week was dichotomized. Participants were coded as either following or not following the WHO´s physical activity recommendations of spending at least 150 min of moderate, 75 min of vigorous or an appropriated combination of physical activity per week. We investigated the within (individual) association between starting and stopping to follow WHO´s physical activity recommendations and perceived social exclusion as well as loneliness in asymmetric fixed effects regressions. Analyses were adjusted for age, marital status, employment status, social-network size, general self-efficacy, depressive symptoms, self-rated health, BMI, comorbidities, and physical functioning (SF-36). RESULTS Stopping to follow the physical activity recommendations from the WHO was associated with perceived social exclusion (ß= 0.09 p = 0.04) but not with loneliness (ß=-0.01, p = 0.71). Starting to follow the WHO physical activity recommendations was neither associated with social exclusion (ß=-0.02, p = 0.54) nor with loneliness (ß=-0.01, p = 0.74) in adjusted asymmetric fixed effects regressions. CONCLUSION In middle-aged adults, longitudinal associations were found for physical activity and perceived social exclusion. Perceived social exclusion may be prevented by maintaining at least 150 min of moderate physical activities per week, which is the WHO physical activity recommendation. Future research should investigate moderators and mediators in the association between physical activity and social exclusion as well as loneliness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Baumbach
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Hans-Helmut König
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - André Hajek
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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11
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Dougherty RJ, Liu F, Etzkorn L, Wanigatunga AA, Walter PJ, Knuth ND, Schrack JA, Ferrucci L. Validation of accelerometer placement to capture energy expenditure using doubly labeled water. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2022; 47:1045-1049. [PMID: 35939837 PMCID: PMC11168060 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2022-0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study compared accelerometer-measured physical activity by body placement to daily total energy expenditure (TEE) and activity energy expenditure (AEE) measured using doubly labeled water (DLW). Forty-nine adult participants wore accelerometers placed on the nondominant wrist, dominant wrist, and chest while also undergoing DLW assessments. In adjusted models, wrist-measured physical activity (p < 0.05), but not chest-measured physical activity (p > 0.05), was associated with TEE and AEE and explained a significant amount of variance that was not explained by age, sex, height, or body composition (R2 change = 0.04-0.08; all p < 0.05). Accelerometer placement location is an important consideration when using accelerometry to provide information about energy expenditure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J. Dougherty
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fangyu Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lacey Etzkorn
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amal A. Wanigatunga
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter J. Walter
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Jennifer A. Schrack
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Physical Activity in People With Dementia Living in Long-Term Care Facilities and the Connection With Environmental Factors and Behavior. J Aging Phys Act 2022; 31:214-222. [PMID: 36041734 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2021-0459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study is conducted in order to gain a better understanding of the relationship between physical activity and agitated behavior among older people with dementia, and physical activity and characteristics of long-term care wards. Data were collected among people with dementia living in long-term care facilities (N = 76) by conducting observations at the wards and distributing questionnaires among professional caregivers. The results show that participants are largely inactive (82.8%) and a significant relation was found between the degree of physical activity and characteristics of the ward such as "taking sufficient time," which relates to the time caregivers take when interacting with residents. This study supports the existing knowledge about the degree of physical activity among people with dementia in long-term care and adds information about the potential influence of organizational factors that could be valuable for daily practice.
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Skovbjerg F, Honoré H, Mechlenburg I, Lipperts M, Gade R, Næss-Schmidt ET. Monitoring Physical Behavior in Rehabilitation Using a Machine Learning-Based Algorithm for Thigh-Mounted Accelerometers: Development and Validation Study. JMIR BIOINFORMATICS AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 3:e38512. [PMID: 38935944 PMCID: PMC11135216 DOI: 10.2196/38512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity is emerging as an outcome measure. Accelerometers have become an important tool in monitoring physical behavior, and newer analytical approaches of recognition methods increase the degree of details. Many studies have achieved high performance in the classification of physical behaviors through the use of multiple wearable sensors; however, multiple wearables can be impractical and lower compliance. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to develop and validate an algorithm for classifying several daily physical behaviors using a single thigh-mounted accelerometer and a supervised machine-learning scheme. METHODS We collected training data by adding the behavior classes-running, cycling, stair climbing, wheelchair ambulation, and vehicle driving-to an existing algorithm with the classes of sitting, lying, standing, walking, and transitioning. After combining the training data, we used a random forest learning scheme for model development. We validated the algorithm through a simulated free-living procedure using chest-mounted cameras for establishing the ground truth. Furthermore, we adjusted our algorithm and compared the performance with an existing algorithm based on vector thresholds. RESULTS We developed an algorithm to classify 11 physical behaviors relevant for rehabilitation. In the simulated free-living validation, the performance of the algorithm decreased to 57% as an average for the 11 classes (F-measure). After merging classes into sedentary behavior, standing, walking, running, and cycling, the result revealed high performance in comparison to both the ground truth and the existing algorithm. CONCLUSIONS Using a single thigh-mounted accelerometer, we obtained high classification levels within specific behaviors. The behaviors classified with high levels of performance mostly occur in populations with higher levels of functioning. Further development should aim at describing behaviors within populations with lower levels of functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Skovbjerg
- Research Unit, Hammel Neurorehabilitation Centre & University Research Clinic, Hammel, Denmark
| | - Helene Honoré
- Research Unit, Hammel Neurorehabilitation Centre & University Research Clinic, Hammel, Denmark
| | | | - Matthijs Lipperts
- Department of Medical Information and Communication Technology, St. Anna Hospital, Geldrop, Netherlands
| | - Rikke Gade
- Section of Media Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Erhard Trillingsgaard Næss-Schmidt
- Research Unit, Hammel Neurorehabilitation Centre & University Research Clinic, Hammel, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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14
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Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity Levels and Patterns Vary in an Age- and Sex-Dependent Fashion among Finnish Children and Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116950. [PMID: 35682533 PMCID: PMC9180141 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to measure physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB), and hour-by-hour PA patterns with an accelerometer in a population-based sample of Finnish children and adolescents. Methods: A total of 3274 participants (3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th graders) from 176 schools wore a hip-worn triaxial accelerometer for seven days during waking hours. Mean amplitude deviation of the acceleration data was used to assess PA intensity that was converted to metabolic equivalents and categorized into light, moderate, and vigorous PA. Angle for posture estimation was used to measure SB and standing. Results: The majority of participants’ PA consisted of light PA, and they were sedentary for more than half of their waking hours. Children were more active than adolescents, and boys were more active than girls. Participants took, on average, 9890 steps daily, and one third met the PA recommendation. The participants were divided into tertiles based on daily steps to investigate the variation in PA patterns. Compared to the least active tertile, the most active tertile took twice as many steps on weekdays and nearly three times as many steps on the weekend. Conclusions: The majority of the participants were not active enough, and there was a great variation in PA levels and patterns, especially among the adolescents and on weekends.
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15
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Muzenda T, Kamkuemah M, Battersby J, Oni T. Assessing adolescent diet and physical activity behaviour, knowledge and awareness in low- and middle-income countries: a systematised review of quantitative epidemiological tools. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:975. [PMID: 35568826 PMCID: PMC9107740 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13160-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Quantitative epidemiological tools are routinely used to assess adolescent diet and physical activity (PA) constructs (behaviour, knowledge, and awareness) as risk factors for non-communicable diseases. This study sought to synthesize evidence on the quantitative epidemiological tools that have been used to assess adolescent diet and PA constructs in low to middle-income countries (LMIC). METHODS A systematised review was conducted using 3 databases (EbscoHost, Scopus and Web of Science). RESULTS We identified 292 LMIC studies assessing adolescent diet and PA. Identified studies predominantly explored behavioural (90%) constructs with a paucity of studies investigating knowledge and awareness. The majority of studies used subjective (94%) and self-administered (78%) tools. Only 39% of LMIC studies used tools validated for their contexts. CONCLUSIONS The findings highlight the need for more contextual tools for assessing adolescent diet and PA in LMICs. Diet and PA measurement tools used in future research will need to incorporate measures of knowledge and awareness for a more comprehensive understanding of the epidemiology of diet and PA in adolescents. Furthermore, there is a need for more evidence on the reliability and validity of these tools for use, in both cross sectional and longitudinal studies, in LMIC contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trish Muzenda
- Global Diet and Physical Activity Research, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK. .,Research Initiative for Cities Health and Equity (RICHE), Division of Public Health Medicine, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa.
| | - Monika Kamkuemah
- Research Initiative for Cities Health and Equity (RICHE), Division of Public Health Medicine, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
| | - Jane Battersby
- African Centre for Cities, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7945, South Africa
| | - Tolu Oni
- Global Diet and Physical Activity Research, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.,Research Initiative for Cities Health and Equity (RICHE), Division of Public Health Medicine, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
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16
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Tzemah-Shahar R, Hochner H, Iktilat K, Agmon M. What can we learn from physical capacity about biological age? A systematic review. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 77:101609. [PMID: 35306185 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically investigate the relationship between objective measures of physical capacity (e.g., cardio-respiratory fitness or daily step count) and biological age, measured in different ways. DATA SOURCE PubMed; SCOPUS - Elsevier API; and Web of Science - ISI 1984-present, as well as contextual search engines used to identify additional relevant publications. STUDY SELECTION Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies that assessed the association between objectively measured physical capacity and biological aging in adult individuals (age>18). RESULTS Analysis of 28 studies demonstrated that physical capacity is positively associated with biological aging; the most dominant measures of physical capacity are muscular strength or gait speed. The majority of the studies estimated biological aging by a single methodology - either Leukocyte Telomere Length or DNA methylation levels. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review of the objective physical capacity measures used to estimate aging finds that the current literature is limited insofar as it overlooks the potential contribution of many feasible markers. We recommend measuring physical capacity in the context of aging using a wide range of modifiable behavioral markers, beyond simple muscle strength or simple gait speed. Forming a feasible and diversified method for estimating physical capacity through which it will also be possible to estimate biological aging in wide population studies is essential for the development of interventions that may alleviate the burden of age-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy Tzemah-Shahar
- The Cheryl Spencer Institute for Nursing Research, Faculty of Health and Social Welfare, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hagit Hochner
- Epidemiology unit, Hebrew University School of Public Health, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Khalil Iktilat
- Department of Gerontology, Faculty of Health and Social Welfare, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Maayan Agmon
- The Cheryl Spencer Institute for Nursing Research, Faculty of Health and Social Welfare, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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17
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Chopra S, Ranjan P, Malhotra A, Sarkar S, Kumari A, Kaloiya GS, Dwivedi SN, Siddhu A, Vikram NK. Identification of instruments for evaluation of behavioural and psychological parameters associated with obesity management: A systematic review with narrative synthesis of the findings. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2022; 16:102350. [PMID: 34920204 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2021.102350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS To identify instruments used to evaluate the predictors of successful weight loss across weight loss trials. METHODS We searched PubMed, PsychInfo, Cochrane Reviews and Scopus for weight loss trials reporting instruments published in the last 16 years. RESULTS A total of 46 significant behavioral and psychological predictors were identified, of which 32 instruments were finally selected. SF-36 questionnaire and Obesity Related Problem Scale for psychosocial health, TREMORE scale for motivation, Social Support Scale for support, Weight Efficacy Lifestyle Scale for self-efficacy and Body Shape Questionnaire for body image had moderate quality. Barriers to healthy eating questionnaire scale and Dutch Eating Behavior also had moderate quality. CONCLUSION Use of uniform instruments with optimum quality can benefit clinical and community-based researchers to generate reliable datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakshi Chopra
- University of Delhi, Department of Home Science, New Delhi, India
| | - Piyush Ranjan
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Medicine, New Delhi, India.
| | - Anita Malhotra
- Lakshmibai College, University of Delhi, Department of Home Science, New Delhi, India
| | - Siddharth Sarkar
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, New Delhi, India
| | - Archana Kumari
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, New Delhi, India
| | | | - S N Dwivedi
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Biostatistics, New Delhi, India
| | - Anupa Siddhu
- University of Delhi, Department of Home Science, New Delhi, India
| | - Naval K Vikram
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Medicine, New Delhi, India
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18
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Ho WT, Yang YJ, Li TC. Accuracy of wrist-worn wearable devices for determining exercise intensity. Digit Health 2022; 8:20552076221124393. [PMID: 36081752 PMCID: PMC9445511 DOI: 10.1177/20552076221124393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective As an indicator of exercise intensity, heart rate can be measured in a timely manner using wrist-worn devices. No study has attempted to estimate a target exercise intensity using wearable devices. The objective of the study was to evaluate the validity of prescribing exercise intensity using wrist-worn devices. Methods Thirty healthy subjects completed a maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test. Their heart rates were recorded using an electrocardiogram and two devices—Apple Watch Series 6 and Garmin Forerunner 945. Exercise intensity with the target heart rate was defined as resting heart rate + (maximal heart rate − resting heart rate) * n% ( n%: 40–60% for moderate-intensity exercise and 60–89% for vigorous-intensity exercise). Heart rate was analyzed at the lower and upper limits of each exercise intensity (HR40, HR60, and HR89). The mean absolute percentage error and concordance correlation coefficient were calculated, and Bland–Altman plots and scatterplots were constructed. Results Both devices showed a low mean absolute error (1.16–1.48 bpm for Apple and 1.35–2.25 for Garmin) and mean absolute percentage error (<1% for Apple and 1.16–1.39% for Garmin) in all intensities. A substantial correlation with electrocardiogram-measured heart rate was observed for moderate to vigorous intensity with concordance correlation coefficient > 0.95 for both devices, except that Garmin showed moderate correlation at the upper limit of vigorous activity with concordance correlation coefficient = 0.936. Moreover, Bland–Altman plots and scatterplots demonstrated a strong correlation without systematic error when the values obtained via the two devices were compared with electrocardiogram measurements. Conclusions Our findings indicate the high validity of exercise prescriptions based on the heart rate measured by the two devices. Additional research should explore other populations to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Te Ho
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital
| | - Yi-Jen Yang
- Office of Physical Education, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology
| | - Tung-Chou Li
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City
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19
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Meh K, Sember V, Đurić S, Vähä-Ypyä H, Rocha P, Jurak G. Reliability and Validity of Slovenian Versions of IPAQ-SF, GPAQ, and EHIS-PAQ for Assessing Physical Activity and Sedentarism of Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:430. [PMID: 35010686 PMCID: PMC8744779 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Health policies rely on physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior data collected through PA questionnaires (PAQs). Validity of international PAQs varies among countries. Therefore, it is important to know the validity of the national versions of the PAQs to properly evaluate the results. We conducted a validation study of the Slovenian versions of the International PAQ Short Form (IPAQ-SF), the Global PAQ (GPAQ), and the PAQ used in the European Health Interview Survey (EHIS-PAQ) on 306 healthy adults. The most valid and reliable constructs in all tested were sedentary behavior and vigorous PA (VPA), however the criterion validity of these constructs was low (Spearman's ρ 0.38-0.45 for sedentary behavior and 0.34-0.42 for VPA). Moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) had low validity (0.26-0.29) despite being used as a standard measure of PA behavior. Participants over-reported MVPA for 17 to 156 min and underreported the sedentary behavior for more than two hours. The test-retest study found high reliability for sedentary behavior (0.69-0.81) and low to moderate reliability for PA behavior (0.42-0.76). The Slovenian versions of the observed PAQs are a useful tool for national PA surveillance, but for qualitative assessment of individual health-related PA behavior they should be combined with accelerometer-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaja Meh
- Faculty of Sports, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (V.S.); (G.J.)
| | - Vedrana Sember
- Faculty of Sports, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (V.S.); (G.J.)
| | - Saša Đurić
- Liberal Arts Department, General Education, American University of the Middle East, Egaila 54200, Kuwait;
| | | | - Paulo Rocha
- Portuguese Institute of Sport and Youth, 1250-190 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Gregor Jurak
- Faculty of Sports, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (V.S.); (G.J.)
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20
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A Transparent Method for Step Detection using an Acceleration Threshold. JOURNAL FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF PHYSICAL BEHAVIOUR 2021; 4:311-320. [PMID: 36274923 PMCID: PMC9586317 DOI: 10.1123/jmpb.2021-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Step-based metrics provide simple measures of ambulatory activity, yet device software either includes undisclosed proprietary step detection algorithms or simply do not compute step-based metrics. We aimed to develop and validate a simple algorithm to accurately detect steps across various ambulatory and non-ambulatory activities. Seventy-five adults (21-39 years) completed seven simulated activities of daily living (e.g., sitting, vacuuming, folding laundry) and an incremental treadmill protocol from 0.22-2.2ms-1. Directly observed steps were hand-tallied. Participants wore GENEActiv and ActiGraph accelerometers, one of each on their waist and on their non-dominant wrist. Raw acceleration (g) signals from the anterior-posterior, medial-lateral, vertical, and vector magnitude (VM) directions were assessed separately for each device. Signals were demeaned across all activities and bandpass filtered [0.25, 2.5Hz]. Steps were detected via peak picking, with optimal thresholds (i.e., minimized absolute error from accumulated hand counted) determined by iterating minimum acceleration values to detect steps. Step counts were converted into cadence (steps/minute), and k-fold cross-validation quantified error (root mean squared error [RMSE]). We report optimal thresholds for use of either device on the waist (threshold=0.0267g) and wrist (threshold=0.0359g) using the VM signal. These thresholds yielded low error for the waist (RMSE<173 steps, ≤2.28 steps/minute) and wrist (RMSE<481 steps, ≤6.47 steps/minute) across all activities, and outperformed ActiLife's proprietary algorithm (RMSE=1312 and 2913 steps, 17.29 and 38.06 steps/minute for the waist and wrist, respectively). The thresholds reported herein provide a simple, transparent framework for step detection using accelerometers during treadmill ambulation and activities of daily living for waist- and wrist-worn locations.
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21
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Voutilainen A, Brester C, Kolehmainen M, Tuomainen TP. Effects of data preprocessing on results of the epidemiological analysis of coronary heart disease and behaviour-related risk factors. Ann Med 2021; 53:890-899. [PMID: 34159863 PMCID: PMC8231358 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2021.1921838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We carried out this study to demonstrate the effects of outcome sensitivity, participant exclusions, and covariate manipulations on results of the epidemiological analysis of coronary heart disease (CHD) and its behaviour-related risk factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS Our study population consisted of 1592 54-year-old men, who participated in the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor (KIHD) Study. We used the Cox proportional-hazards model to predict the hazard of CHD and applied different sets of outcomes concerning outcome sensitivity and data preprocessing procedures regarding participant exclusions and covariate manipulations. RESULTS The mean follow-up time was 23 years, and 730 men received the CHD diagnosis. Cox regressions based on data with no participant exclusions most often discovered statistically significant associations. Loose inclusion criteria for study participants with any CVD during the follow-up and strict exclusion criteria for participants with no CVD were best in discovering the associations between risk factors and CHD. Outcome sensitivity affected the associations, whereas the covariate type, continuous or categorical, did not. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that excluding study participants who are not disease-free at baseline is probably unnecessary for epidemiological analyses. Epidemiological research reports should present results based on no data exclusions together with results based on reasoned exclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Voutilainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Christina Brester
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mikko Kolehmainen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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22
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Sinclair B, Steward C, Venkatraman V, Aljondi R, Cox KL, Ellis KA, Ames D, Masters CL, Phal PM, Sharman MJ, Cyarto EV, Lai MMY, Szoeke C, Lautenschlager NT, Desmond PM. Effects of a physical activity intervention on brain atrophy in older adults at risk of dementia: a randomized controlled trial. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 15:2833-2842. [PMID: 34757564 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-021-00577-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Lack of physical activity is a risk factor for dementia, however, the utility of interventional physical activity programs as a protective measure against brain atrophy and cognitive decline is uncertain. Here we present the effect of a randomized controlled trial of a 24-month physical activity intervention on global and regional brain atrophy as characterized by longitudinal voxel-based morphometry with T1-weighted MRI images. The study sample consisted of 98 participants at risk of dementia, with mild cognitive impairment or subjective memory complaints, and having at least one vascular risk factor for dementia, randomized into an exercise group and a control group. Between 0 and 24 months, there was no significant difference detected between groups in the rate of change in global, or regional brain volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Sinclair
- Department of Radiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. .,University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. .,Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. .,Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Chris Steward
- Department of Radiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vijay Venkatraman
- Department of Radiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rowa Aljondi
- Department of Radiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,College of Applied Medical Sciences, Department of Applied Radiologic Technology, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kay L Cox
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Kathryn A Ellis
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David Ames
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Colin L Masters
- The Florey Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Pramit M Phal
- Department of Radiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Elizabeth V Cyarto
- Bolton Clarke Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Michelle M Y Lai
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | - Nicola T Lautenschlager
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,NorthWestern Mental Health, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Patricia M Desmond
- Department of Radiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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23
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Davergne T, Tekaya R, Sellam J, Tournadre A, Mitrovic S, Ruyssen-Witrand A, Hudry C, Dadoun S, Avouac J, Fautrel B, Gossec L. Influence of perceived barriers and facilitators for physical activity on physical activity levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis or spondyloarthritis: a cross-sectional study of 150 patients. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:915. [PMID: 34717606 PMCID: PMC8556961 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-04792-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Barriers and facilitators to physical activity in inflammatory arthritis can be assessed through the Inflammatory arthritis FAcilitators and Barriers (IFAB) questionnaire. The objective was to measure the correlation between IFAB and self-reported physical activity levels. Methods This was an international, multicentric, cross-sectional study in 2019–20. Consecutive spondyloarthritis (axSpA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or psoriatic arthritis (PsA) patients completed the 10-item IFAB, which ranges from − 70 to 70 with lower scores indicating more barriers. Physical activity was measured by the IPAQ-S questionnaire, steps per day collected by smartphone, and psychological readiness to change by stages of behaviour change. Spearman correlations and multivariable linear regression were calculated. Results Of 245 patients included, 150 were analysed: 69 (46%) axSpA, 63 (42%) RA, 18 (12%) PsA. Mean age was 48.6 years (standard deviation, SD 17.1), mean disease duration 11.7 (10.1) years and 60% were women. Barriers to physical activity were moderate: mean IFAB, 6 (SD 19.2); 39 (26%) patients scored less than − 5, corresponding to significant barriers. The mean physical activity was 2837 (SD 2668, median 1784) MET-minutes per week. The IPAQ-S questionnaire was correlated with the IFAB (rho 0.28, p < 0.001), as well as the stage of behaviour change (rho 0.35, p < 0.001) though not with steps per day. Multivariable analyses were confirmatory. Conclusion Perceived barriers and facilitators to physical activity were correlated with physical activity, indicating that targeting patients with high barriers and low facilitators to physical activity could be an effective option to improve physical activity levels. Trial registration ClinicalTrial NCT04426747. Registered 11 June 2020 - Retrospectively registered. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12891-021-04792-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Davergne
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR-S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013, Paris, France.
| | - Rawdha Tekaya
- Rheumatology Department, University of Tunis El Manar, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Jérémie Sellam
- Rheumatology Department, Sorbonne Université, INSERM URMS_938, APHP, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Anne Tournadre
- Rheumatology Department, University of Clermont, Auvergne, Clermont Ferrand Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Stéphane Mitrovic
- Internal Medicine Department, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France
| | - Adeline Ruyssen-Witrand
- Rheumatology Department, Toulouse University Hospital, Clinical Investigation Centre CIC1436, INSERM and Paul Sabatier University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Sabrina Dadoun
- CeSOA, MGEN, Paris, France.,Clinique Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, Ramsay, Paris 5, France
| | - Jérôme Avouac
- Rheumatology Department, Université de Paris, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Fautrel
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR-S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013, Paris, France.,Rheumatology Department, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Laure Gossec
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR-S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013, Paris, France.,Rheumatology Department, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
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Sorić M, Meh K, Rocha P, Wendel-Vos W, de Hollander E, Jurak G. An inventory of national surveillance systems assessing physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sport participation of adults in the European Union. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1797. [PMID: 34615500 PMCID: PMC8494507 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11842-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical inactivity has been recognised as a global public health problem that requires concerted action. This calls for systematic physical activity (PA) surveillance as a mechanism for assessing the problem and evaluating the effectiveness of related policies. Because countries tend to design their policy measures based on national surveillance data, here we present an inventory of existing national surveillance systems on PA, sedentary behaviour (SB) and sport participation (SP) among adult population in all European Union (EU) Member States. Methods As a part of the European Physical Activity and Sports Monitoring System (EUPASMOS) project, a questionnaire was constructed in the form of an on-line survey to collect detailed information on existing national surveillance systems on either PA, SB, or SP. National HEPA focal points from all 27 EU Member States were invited to answer the on-line questionnaire and data collection took part in the period May 2018–September 2019. Results National monitoring of PA or SB or SP for adults has been established in 16/27 EU Member States, that host 33 different PA/SB/SP monitoring systems. Apart from 3 countries that are using accelerometers (Finland, Ireland and Portugal), surveillance is typically based on questionnaires. In most Member States these questionnaires have not been validated in the particular language and cultural setting. Next, specific domains and dimensions of PA, SB and SP assessed vary a lot across countries. Only 3 countries (the Netherlands, Portugal and Slovenia) are monitoring all three behaviours while covering most of the domains and dimensions of PA/SB/SP. Lastly, as half of the existing surveillance systems set an upper age limit, in 9/16 countries that are monitoring PA/SB/SP, no data for people older than 80 years are available. Conclusions Systematic surveillance of PA is lacking among 11/27 EU countries, with even few monitoring SB and SP. Besides, existing surveillance systems typically fail to assess all dimensions and domains of PA/SB/SP with only three countries maintaining monitoring systems that encompass all three behaviours while covering most of the domains and dimensions of PA/SB/SP. Hence, additional efforts in advocacy of systematic PA surveillance in the EU are called for.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maroje Sorić
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Gortanova 22, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia. .,Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Kaja Meh
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Gortanova 22, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Paulo Rocha
- Portuguese Institute of Sport and Youth, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Wanda Wendel-Vos
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Ellen de Hollander
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Gregor Jurak
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Gortanova 22, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Evans C, Curtis S, Bedair R, Turner M, Szantho G, Stuart AG. A feasibility pilot- a personalised physiotherapy led remote ACHD cardiac rehabilitation program. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcchd.2021.100220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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DEMİRCİOĞLU A, DAĞ O, ÖZKAL Ö. Validity and reliability of Turkish version of the Recent Physical Activity Questionnaire. CUKUROVA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.17826/cumj.870655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Reynolds LJ, Twiddy HM, Mlynarczyk M, Wilson PB. The association of physical activity on homocysteine in pregnant women. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2021; 35:7073-7080. [PMID: 34162283 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1941855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Women with high levels of physical activity have improved pregnancy, labor, and delivery outcomes related to cardiovascular health. Hyperhomocysteinemia, which predicts cardiovascular disease risk, is associated with maternal vascular complications during pregnancy, such as placental abruption and preeclampsia. However, studies are lacking on whether physical activity impacts homocysteine in pregnant women, pointing to a potential mechanism behind the improved cardiovascular health in women who exercise during pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to examine if women with high levels of physical activity have lower levels of homocysteine compared to women with low levels of physical activity. METHODS This study was a secondary analysis using data from the 2003 to 2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 257 pregnant women were included. Physical activity was assessed objectively over seven days with accelerometers. High and low groups based on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and steps/day were defined. Homocysteine and related laboratory biomarkers (vitamin B12, folate, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate) were assessed through blood draws. Data assembly was performed using SAS and analysis via SPSS Complex Samples. RESULTS Only an estimated 17.7 ± 4.7% of women met guidelines to achieve at least 150 min per week of MVPA. Plasma homocysteine was not different between pregnant women with high and low levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (4.39 ± 0.21 and 4.44 ± 0.17 µmol/L; p > .05) or between those with high and low levels of steps (3.95 ± 0.26 and 4.62 ± 0.27 µmol/L; p > .05) when the data was split into two quantiles by the median. These results were similar when using log-transformed values for homocysteine to normalize the distribution of data. Pregnant women in the group of the high steps tended to have higher vitamin B12, folate, and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate than those in the group of the low steps. Sensitivity analyses revealed that homocysteine was not different between the upper 25% (4.04 ± 0.22 µmol/L) and lower 25% (4.17 ± 0.26 µmol/L) MVPA (p = .716) but that it was statistically higher in the low (<5000 steps/day) (4.99 ± 0.20 µmol/L) steps/day group compared to high (>7500 steps/day) steps/day (3.99 ± 0.23 µmol/L) (p = .003) after excluding individuals with hypertension and thyroid/kidney issues. CONCLUSION Maternal steps/day, but not MVPA, appear to be associated with homocysteine (albeit weakly) in the present study after excluding potential factors which impact homocysteine. The volume of physical activity appears to be an important indicator as this difference was not revealed until the physical activity was more distinctly separated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leryn J Reynolds
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Hannah M Twiddy
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Malgorzata Mlynarczyk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Patrick B Wilson
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
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Hammond-Haley M, Allen C, Han J, Patterson T, Marber M, Redwood S. Utility of wearable physical activity monitors in cardiovascular disease: a systematic review of 11 464 patients and recommendations for optimal use. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. DIGITAL HEALTH 2021; 2:231-243. [PMID: 36712392 PMCID: PMC9707885 DOI: 10.1093/ehjdh/ztab035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Aims Physical activity (PA) plays an important role in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD), functioning as a marker of disease progression and response to therapy. Real-world measurement of habitual PA is now possible through wearable activity monitors, however, their use in cardiovascular patients is not well described. Methods and results We performed a systematic review to summarize how wearable activity monitors have been used to measure PA in patients with CVD, with 11 464 patients included across 108 studies. Activity monitors were primarily used in the setting of cardiac rehabilitation (46, 43%). Most often, triaxial accelerometers (70, 65%) were instructed to be worn at the hip (58, 54%) for 7 days (n = 54, 50%). Thirty-nine different activity monitors were used, with a range of accelerometer specific settings for collection and reporting of activity data. Activity was reported most commonly as time spent in metabolic equivalent-defined activity levels (49, 45%), while non-wear time was defined in just 16 (15%) studies. Conclusion The collecting, processing, and reporting of accelerometer-related outcomes were highly heterogeneous. Most validation studies are limited to healthy young adults, while the paucity of methodological information disclosed renders interpretation of results and cross-study comparison challenging. While accelerometers are promising tools to measure real-world PA, we highlight current challenges facing their use in elderly multimorbid cardiology patients. We suggest recommendations to guide investigators using these devices in cardiovascular research. Future work is required to determine optimal methodology and consensus-based development of meaningful outcomes using raw acceleration data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Hammond-Haley
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, King's College London, Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EP, UK,Department of Cardiology, Guys’ and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, UK
| | - Christopher Allen
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, King's College London, Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EP, UK,Department of Cardiology, Guys’ and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, UK
| | - Jennie Han
- Royal Lancaster Infirmary, Ashton Road Lancaster, LA1 4RP, UK
| | - Tiffany Patterson
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, King's College London, Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EP, UK,Department of Cardiology, Guys’ and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, UK
| | - Michael Marber
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, King's College London, Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EP, UK,Department of Cardiology, Guys’ and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, UK
| | - Simon Redwood
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, King's College London, Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EP, UK,Department of Cardiology, Guys’ and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, UK,Corresponding author. Tel: +44 207188 9359,
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Deliens T, Versele V, Jehin J, D’Hondt E, Verhavert Y, Clarys P, Devlieger R, Bogaerts A, Aerenhouts D. Misreporting of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Parents-to-Be: A Validation Study across Sex. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094654. [PMID: 33925689 PMCID: PMC8124545 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study validated the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the Context-specific Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire (CSBQ) against accelerometry among parents-to-be. Sex-differences in potential misreporting of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) were also investigated. Self-reported total PA (TPA), light-intensity PA (LPA), moderate-intensity PA (MPA), vigorous-intensity PA (VPA), moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA), and SB of 91 parents-to-be (41 men and 50 women) were compared with Actigraph data according to sex. Furthermore, the extent of misreporting was compared between sexes. Strong correlations for TPA and weak-to-moderate correlations for LPA, MPA, VPA, MVPA, and SB were observed. Participants underestimated TPA by 1068 min/week (=17.8 h/week; −50%), LPA by 1593 min/week (=26.6 h/week; −83%), and SB by 428 min/week (=7.1 h/week; −11%) and overestimated MPA by 384 min/week (=6.4 h/week; +176%) and MVPA by 525 min/week (=8.8 h/week; +224%). Males overreported VPA more than females in absolute minutes per week (238 min/week, i.e., 4.0 h/week vs. 62 min/week, i.e., 1.0 h/week), whereas, in relative terms, the opposite (+850% vs. +1033%) was true. The IPAQ and CSBQ can be used with caution to estimate TPA and SB among parents-to-be considering a strong correlation but low agreement for TPA and a weak-to-moderate correlation but acceptable agreement for SB. We disadvise using these self-reports to estimate PA on the distinct intensity levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Deliens
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (V.V.); (J.J.); (E.D.); (Y.V.); (P.C.); (D.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Vickà Versele
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (V.V.); (J.J.); (E.D.); (Y.V.); (P.C.); (D.A.)
| | - Jasper Jehin
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (V.V.); (J.J.); (E.D.); (Y.V.); (P.C.); (D.A.)
| | - Eva D’Hondt
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (V.V.); (J.J.); (E.D.); (Y.V.); (P.C.); (D.A.)
| | - Yanni Verhavert
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (V.V.); (J.J.); (E.D.); (Y.V.); (P.C.); (D.A.)
| | - Peter Clarys
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (V.V.); (J.J.); (E.D.); (Y.V.); (P.C.); (D.A.)
| | - Roland Devlieger
- Research Unit Woman and Child, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Oude Markt 13, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (R.D.); (A.B.)
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospitals KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Annick Bogaerts
- Research Unit Woman and Child, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Oude Markt 13, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (R.D.); (A.B.)
- Centre for Research and Innovation in Care (CRIC), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
- Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Devon PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Dirk Aerenhouts
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (V.V.); (J.J.); (E.D.); (Y.V.); (P.C.); (D.A.)
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Physical activity in children and adolescents with CHD: review from a measurement methodological perspective. Cardiol Young 2021; 31:518-531. [PMID: 33722326 DOI: 10.1017/s1047951121000627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compile a literature overview of physical activity in children with CHD and to critically evaluate the methodology used for physical activity assessment. METHODS A review of the literature was performed using PubMed to identify studies examining accelerometer and subjectively assessed physical activity in children and adolescents with CHD. RESULT A total of 15 studies were included (6 studies using subjective measures and 9 articles using accelerometers for the assessment of physical activity). The patients generally failed to meet the recommendations of physical activity. When compared to healthy controls, the results were widely divergent in the subjectively assessed measures and the accelerometer-based studies showed a tendency of no difference in physical activity. Neither subjective methods nor accelerometer-based studies reported any difference in physical activity in general, in relation to the severity of the heart disease. CONCLUSION Methodological variation and limitations in the assessment of physical activity largely explain the divergent results and the inability to establish differences in physical activity between children with CHD of different severity and compared to healthy controls. Methodological knowledge and guidelines are provided for improved assessment of physical activity using accelerometers in clinical research.
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Jung WS, Park HY, Kim SW, Kim J, Hwang H, Lim K. Prediction of non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) using multiple linear regression in healthy Korean adults: a preliminary study. Phys Act Nutr 2021; 25:23-29. [PMID: 33887825 PMCID: PMC8076582 DOI: 10.20463/pan.2021.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This preliminary study aimed to develop a regression model to estimate the non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) of Korean adults using various easy-to-measure dependent variables. Methods NEAT was measured in 71 healthy adults (male n = 29; female n = 42). Statistical analysis was performed to develop a NEAT estimation regression model using the stepwise regression method. Results We confirmed that ageA, weightB, heart rate (HR)_averageC, weight × HR_averageD, weight × HR_sumE, systolic blood pressure (SBP) × HR_restF, fat mass ÷ height2G, gender × HR_averageH, and gender × weight × HR_sumI were important variables in various NEAT activity regression models. There was no significant difference between the measured NEAT values obtained using a metabolic gas analyzer and the predicted NEAT. Conclusion This preliminary study developed a regression model to estimate the NEAT in healthy Korean adults. The regression model was as follows: sitting = 1.431 - 0.013 × (A) + 0.00014 × (D) - 0.00005 × (F) + 0.006 × (H); leg jiggling = 1.102 - 0.011 × (A) + 0.013 × (B) + 0.005 × (H); standing = 1.713 - 0.013 × (A) + 0.0000017 × (I); 4.5 km/h walking = 0.864 + 0.035 × (B) + 0.0000041 × (E); 6.0 km/h walking = 4.029 - 0.024 × (C) + 0.00071 × (D); climbing up 1 stair = 1.308 - 0.016 × (A) + 0.00035 × (D) - 0.000085 × (F) - 0.098 × (G); and climbing up 2 stairs = 1.442 - 0.023 × (A) - 0.000093 × (F) - 0.121 × (G) + 0.0000624 × (E).
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Sang Jung
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Sports Medicine and Science in Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun-Young Park
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Sports Medicine and Science in Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Woo Kim
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Sports Medicine and Science in Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisu Kim
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Sports Medicine and Science in Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejung Hwang
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Sports Medicine and Science in Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiwon Lim
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Sports Medicine and Science in Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Physical Education, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Weitzer J, Castaño‐Vinyals G, Aragonés N, Gómez‐Acebo I, Guevara M, Amiano P, Martín V, Molina‐Barceló A, Alguacil J, Moreno V, Suarez‐Calleja C, Jiménez‐Moleón JJ, Marcos‐Gragera R, Papantoniou K, Pérez‐Gómez B, Llorca J, Ascunce N, Gil L, Gracia‐Lavedan E, Casabonne D, Lope V, Pollán M, Kogevinas M. Effect of time of day of recreational and household physical activity on prostate and breast cancer risk (MCC-Spain study). Int J Cancer 2021; 148:1360-1371. [PMID: 32976649 PMCID: PMC7891656 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Experimental evidence indicates that exercise performed at different times of the day may affect circadian rhythms and circadian disruption has been linked to breast and prostate cancer. We examined in a population-based case-control study (MCC-Spain) if the time-of-day when physical activity is done affects prostate and breast cancer risk. Lifetime recreational and household physical activity was assessed by in-person interviews. Information on time-of-day of activity (assessed approximately 3 years after the assessment of lifetime physical activity and confounders) was available for 781 breast cancer cases, 865 population female controls, 504 prostate cases and 645 population male controls from 10 Spanish regions, 2008-2013. We estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for different activity timings compared to inactive subjects using unconditional logistic regression adjusting for confounders. Early morning (8-10 am) activity was associated with a protective effect compared to no physical activity for both breast (OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.48-1.15) and prostate cancer (OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.44-1.20); meta-OR for the two cancers combined 0.74 (95%CI = 0.53-1.02). There was no effect observed for breast or prostate cancer for late morning to afternoon activity while a protective effect was also observed for evening activity only for prostate cancer (OR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.45-1.24). Protective effects of early morning activity were more pronounced for intermediate/evening chronotypes for both cancers. This is the first population-based investigation identifying a differential effect of timing of physical activity on cancer risk with more pronounced effects for morning hour activity. Our results, if confirmed, may improve current physical activity recommendations for cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Weitzer
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)BarcelonaSpain
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Public HealthMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Gemma Castaño‐Vinyals
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)BarcelonaSpain
- ISGlobalBarcelonaSpain
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Nuria Aragonés
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
- Public Health Division, Department of HealthEpidemiology SectionMadridSpain
| | - Inés Gómez‐Acebo
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
- Universidad de Cantabria—IDIVALSantanderSpain
| | - Marcela Guevara
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
- Navarra Public Health InstitutePamplonaSpain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA)PamplonaSpain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Public Health Division of GipuzkoaBiodonostia Health Research InstituteDonostia‐San SebastianSpain
| | - Vicente Martín
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
- The Research Group in Gene—Environment and Health Interactions (GIIGAS)/Institut of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de LeónLeónSpain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical SciencesArea of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de LeónLeónSpain
| | | | - Juan Alguacil
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
- Environmental Epidemiology and Neuroscience LaboratoryRENSMA, Huelva UniversityHuelvaSpain
| | - Victor Moreno
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
- Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, IDIBELLHospitalet de LlobregatSpain
- Catalan Institute of OncologyHospitalet de LlobregatSpain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | | | - José Juan Jiménez‐Moleón
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of MedicineUniversity of Granada & Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada ibs.GRANADAGranadaSpain
| | - Rafael Marcos‐Gragera
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
- Research Group on Statistics, Econometrics and Health (GRECS)University of GironaGironaSpain
- Unitat d'Epidemiologia i Registre de Càncer de Girona (UERCG), Pla Director d'Oncologia, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), Universitat de GironaGironaSpain
| | - Kyriaki Papantoniou
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Public HealthMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Beatriz Pérez‐Gómez
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
- Environmental and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, National Center of EpidemiologyInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Diseases Unit, National Centre for EpidemiologyCarlos III Institute of HealthMadridSpain
| | - Javier Llorca
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
- Universidad de Cantabria—IDIVALSantanderSpain
| | - Nieves Ascunce
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
- Navarra Public Health InstitutePamplonaSpain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA)PamplonaSpain
| | - Leire Gil
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Public Health Division of GipuzkoaBiodonostia Health Research InstituteDonostia‐San SebastianSpain
| | | | - Delphine Casabonne
- Unit of Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology in Infections and Cancer (UNIC‐Molecular)Hospitalet de LlobregatSpain
- Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, IDIBELLHospitalet de LlobregatSpain
- Catalan Institute of OncologyHospitalet de LlobregatSpain
| | - Virginia Lope
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
- Environmental and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, National Center of EpidemiologyInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
- GEICAM Spanish Breast Cancer GroupMadridSpain
| | - Marina Pollán
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
- Environmental and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, National Center of EpidemiologyInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)BarcelonaSpain
- ISGlobalBarcelonaSpain
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute)BarcelonaSpain
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Cannavo A, Calandra D, Prattico FG, Gatteschi V, Lamberti F. An Evaluation Testbed for Locomotion in Virtual Reality. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS 2021; 27:1871-1889. [PMID: 33079670 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2020.3032440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A common operation performed in Virtual Reality (VR) environments is locomotion. Although real walking can represent a natural and intuitive way to manage displacements in such environments, its use is generally limited by the size of the area tracked by the VR system (typically, the size of a room) or requires expensive technologies to cover particularly extended settings. A number of approaches have been proposed to enable effective explorations in VR, each characterized by different hardware requirements and costs, and capable to provide different levels of usability and performance. However, the lack of a well-defined methodology for assessing and comparing available approaches makes it difficult to identify, among the various alternatives, the best solutions for selected application domains. To deal with this issue, this article introduces a novel evaluation testbed which, by building on the outcomes of many separate works reported in the literature, aims to support a comprehensive analysis of the considered design space. An experimental protocol for collecting objective and subjective measures is proposed, together with a scoring system able to rank locomotion approaches based on a weighted set of requirements. Testbed usage is illustrated in a use case requesting to select the technique to adopt in a given application scenario.
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Joseph KL, Dagfinrud H, Christie A, Hagen KB, Tveter AT. Criterion validity of The International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) for use in clinical practice in patients with osteoarthritis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:232. [PMID: 33639913 PMCID: PMC7916302 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-04069-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To tailor physical activity treatment programs for patients with osteoarthritis, clinicians need valid and feasible measurement tools to evaluate habitual physical activity. The widely used International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) is not previously validated in patients with osteoarthritis. PURPOSE To assess the concurrent criterion validity of the IPAQ-SF in patients with osteoarthritis, using an accelerometer as a criterion-method. METHOD Patients with osteoarthritis (n = 115) were recruited at The Division of Rheumatology and Research at Diakonhjemmet Hospital (Oslo, Norway). Physical activity was measured by patients wearing an accelerometer (ActiGraph wGT3X-BT) for seven consecutive days, followed by reporting their physical activity for the past 7 days using the IPAQ-SF. Comparison of proportions that fulfilled physical activity recommendations as measured by the two methods were tested by Pearson Chi-Square analysis. Differences in physical activity levels between the IPAQ-SF and the accelerometer were analyzed with Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test and Spearman rank correlation test. Bland-Altman plots were used to visualize the concurrent criterion validity for total- and intensity-specific physical activity levels. RESULTS In total, 93 patients provided complete physical activity data, mean (SD) age was 65 (8.7) years, 87% were women. According to the IPAQ-SF, 57% of the patients fulfilled the minimum physical activity recommendations compared to 31% according to the accelerometer (p = 0.043). When comparing the IPAQ-SF to the accelerometer we found significant under-reporting of total physical activity MET-minutes (p = < 0.001), sitting (p = < 0.001) and walking (p < 0.001), and significant over-reporting of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (p < 0.001). For the different physical activity levels, correlations between the IPAQ-SF and the accelerometer ranged from rho 0.106 to 0.462. The Bland-Altman plots indicated an increased divergence between the two methods with increasing time spent on moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity. CONCLUSION Physical activity is a core treatment of osteoarthritis. Our finding that patients tend to over-report activity of higher intensity and under-report low-intensity activity and sitting-time is of clinical importance. We conclude that the concurrent criterion validity of the IPAQ-SF was weak in patients with osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenth Louis Joseph
- National Advisory Unit on Rehabilitation in Rheumatology, The Division of Rheumatology and Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway. .,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Hanne Dagfinrud
- National Advisory Unit on Rehabilitation in Rheumatology, The Division of Rheumatology and Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne Christie
- National Advisory Unit on Rehabilitation in Rheumatology, The Division of Rheumatology and Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kåre Birger Hagen
- National Advisory Unit on Rehabilitation in Rheumatology, The Division of Rheumatology and Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Health Service, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne Therese Tveter
- National Advisory Unit on Rehabilitation in Rheumatology, The Division of Rheumatology and Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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First Graders' Stationary Behavior in Norwegian After-School Programs: A Mixed Methods Investigation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041938. [PMID: 33671290 PMCID: PMC7922927 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
After-school programs (ASPs) might influence the activities and behaviors of children. The aim of the reported study was to investigate how stationary behavior unfolds during ASP time in a sample of Norwegian first graders. A total of 42 first graders from 14 ASPs were observed during one entire ASP day. ActiGraph accelerometers were used to measure the intensity of their physical activity (PA). Children were found to be involved in stationary behavior for 54.9% of the studied ASP time—a median of 79.5 min (IQR = 62.0). However, there was considerable variation among the children in the sample. Most stationary behavior—63.5% of all stationary behavior during ASP time—was accumulated when the children were sitting indoors. The proportion of stationary behavior was significantly higher indoors than outdoors, during adult-managed time than child-managed time, and during time spent together with other children than time spent alone (p < 0.05). In child-managed physical activity play outdoors, stationary behavior commonly occurred during short periods of standing still. Stationary behavior was usually rapidly broken up by longer periods of PA. Stationary periods involved activities in close relationship with other children and appeared to be important for social interaction and friendship building. The researchers suggest that ASP staff members should actively promote physical activity play that breaks up sedentary time and replaces some stationary behaviors with PA, especially among the least active children.
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A Ban on Smartphone Usage during Recess Increased Children's Physical Activity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041907. [PMID: 33669387 PMCID: PMC7920279 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
School recess provides a unique opportunity for children to be active. However, many children perceive smartphones as a key barrier for engaging in physical activity during recess. The aim was to investigate if a ban on smartphone usage during recess changed children’s physical activity. During August–October 2020, children from grades 4–7 (10–14 years) at six Danish schools were banned from using their smartphones during recess for a four-week period. Questionnaire and systematic observation (SOPLAY) data were collected from 814 children before intervention (baseline) and 828 during the last week of intervention (follow-up). The mean frequency of physical activity significantly increased from baseline to follow-up (odds ratio = 1.370), as did physical activity on a moderate level (odds ratio = 1.387). Vigorous physical activity significantly decreased (odds ratio = 0.851). The increase in physical activity was found among both schools having outdoor and indoor recess, among both boys and girls, and nearly equally among grades 4–7. This suggests that implementing a ban on smartphone usage during recess would improve the everyday conditions for health among a broad range of schoolchildren. Future studies are needed to further investigate the association between recess physical activity and smartphone usage.
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Kooner P, Schubert T, Howard JL, Lanting BA, Teeter MG, Vasarhelyi EM. Evaluation of the Effect of Gait Aids, Such as Canes, Crutches, and Walkers, on the Accuracy of Step Counters in Healthy Individuals. Orthop Res Rev 2021; 13:1-8. [PMID: 33447097 PMCID: PMC7802358 DOI: 10.2147/orr.s292255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Wearable step-counter devices have become inexpensive tools that enable patients, researchers, and clinicians to objectively monitor physical activity. It is unknown how the use of gait aids, such as canes, crutches, and walkers, affects the accuracy of these devices. Such gait aids are commonly used by patients with chronic physical impairment and after joint-replacement surgery. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of gait aids on the accuracy of wearable step counters. Methods Nine healthy participants wore a Fitbit step counter on their wrist and hip and performed eight walking tests with canes, crutches, and walkers. Bland-Altman analyses were performed for all eight walking tests in order to compare agreement between measurement techniques. Results Mean overall agreement for subjects walking without gait aids in the hip group was excellent, showing a bias of -2.9, with limits of agreement (LOAs) between -8.72 and 2.95. For use of canes or crutches, the Bland-Altman plots had a range of bias values between the hip and wrist counters from -7.22 to 33.56, with LOAs from -98.55 to 124.2. The wrist counter during the four-wheeled walking test showed very little agreement with the actual step count, with a bias value of 91.33 and LOAs of 64.1-118.6, illustrating exceptionally unreliable step counts. Conclusion This study suggests that these widely commercially available step counters have poor reliability with gait aids, especially walkers, which should be taken into account in research and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Kooner
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, University Hospital, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Taran Schubert
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, University Hospital, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - James L Howard
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, University Hospital, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Brent A Lanting
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, University Hospital, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Matthew G Teeter
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, University Hospital, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Edward M Vasarhelyi
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, University Hospital, Western University, London, ON, Canada
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Feasibility Study Comparing Physical Activity Classifications from Accelerometers with Wearable Camera Data. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17249323. [PMID: 33322117 PMCID: PMC7764508 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17249323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Device-based assessments are frequently used to measure physical activity (PA) but contextual measures are often lacking. There is a need for new methods, and one under-explored option is the use of wearable cameras. This study tested the use of wearable cameras in PA measurement by comparing intensity classifications from accelerometers with wearable camera data. Seventy-eight 18–30-year-olds wore an Actigraph GT9X link accelerometer and Autographer wearable camera for three consecutive days. An image coding schedule was designed to assess activity categories and activity sub-categories defined by the 2011 Compendium of Physical Activities (Compendium). Accelerometer hourly detailed files processed using the Montoye (2020) cut-points were linked to camera data using date and time stamps. Agreement was examined using equivalence testing, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Spearman’s correlation coefficient (rho). Fifty-three participants contributing 636 person-hours were included. Reliability was moderate to good for sedentary behavior (rho = 0.77), light intensity activities (rho = 0.59) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) (rho = 0.51). The estimates of sedentary behavior, light activity and MVPA from the two methods were similar, but not equivalent. Wearable cameras are a potential complementary tool for PA measurement, but practical challenges and limitations exist. While wearable cameras may not be feasible for use in large scale studies, they may be feasible in small scale studies where context is important.
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Concurrent Validity Between Electronically Administered Physical Activity Questionnaires and Objectively Measured Physical Activity in Danish Community-Dwelling Older Adults. J Aging Phys Act 2020; 29:595-603. [PMID: 33310928 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2020-0214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the concurrent validity of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-short form (IPAQ-SF) and the Nordic Physical Activity Questionnaire-short (NPAQ-short) when compared with objectively measured daily steps among older adults. METHODS Spearman's ρ between IPAQ-SF and NPAQ-short and objectively measured steps using Garmin Vivofit 3 physical activity monitors. RESULTS A total of 54 participants were included. The IPAQ-SF subscales' moderate physical activity (PA), moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA), and sedentary time showed little or no correlation with daily steps. The NPAQ-short subscales' vigorous PA, moderate PA, and MVPA showed little or no correlation. The IPAQ-SF subscales' vigorous PA and walking showed fair correlation. Only the IPAQ-SF metabolic equivalent of task minutes showed moderate to good correlation with daily steps. The IPAQ-SF categories and NPAQ-short categorization of World Health Organization compliance were significantly different, but the magnitudes were small and distributions indicated problems with the categorization. CONCLUSION The concurrent validity is low, as the scores did not reflect objectively measured daily steps.
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Oscarsson M, Carlbring P, Andersson G, Rozental A. A large-scale experiment on New Year's resolutions: Approach-oriented goals are more successful than avoidance-oriented goals. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234097. [PMID: 33296385 PMCID: PMC7725288 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the popularity of New Year’s resolutions, current knowledge about them is limited. We investigated what resolutions people make when they are free to formulate them, whether different resolutions reach differing success rates, and whether it is possible to increase the likelihood of a resolution’s success by administering information and exercises on effective goal setting. Participants (N = 1066) from the general public were randomized into three groups: active control, some support, and extended support. The most popular resolutions regarded physical health, weight loss, and eating habits. At a one-year follow-up, 55% of responders considered themselves successful in sustaining their resolutions. Participants with approach-oriented goals were significantly more successful than those with avoidance-oriented goals (58.9% vs. 47.1%). The group that received some support was exclusively and significantly more successful compared to the other two. This study reveals that New Year’s resolutions can have lasting effects, even at a one-year follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Oscarsson
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Carlbring
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Gerhard Andersson
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Alexander Rozental
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
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Venetsanou F, Emmanouilidou K, Soutos K, Sotiriou SA, Bastida L, Moya A, Kambas A. Towards a Functional Approach to the Assessment of Daily Life Physical Activity in Children: Are the PAQ-C and Fitbit Flex-2 Technically Adequate? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17228503. [PMID: 33212813 PMCID: PMC7697470 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17228503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Considering the need for functional physical activity (PA) measures in PA settings, this study sought to determine the technical adequacy of the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C) and the Fitbit Flex-2, two instruments with promising features for wide use, using the Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometer as the criterion reference. A total of 218 Greek children (94 boys, 124 girls; mean age = 10.99 ± 1.52 years) volunteered to join in. Participants wore the PA trackers for seven days and completed the PAQ-C. Moreover, a sub-group (n = 60) recompleted the PAQ-C after a week. Results revealed acceptable internal consistency and excellent test-retest reliability for the PAQ-C. Regarding concurrent validity, weak to moderate correlations with PA parameters recorded by the GT3X+ were revealed for the total PAQ-C and were excellent for the Flex-2, while a Bland-Altman plot indicated good agreement. Finally, in alignment with relevant literature, significant gender, but no age, differences were found in participants' PA records in all the tools applied. The above results support the use of the PAQ-C and the Fitbit Flex-2 in children. Considering that they shed light into different parameters of children's habitual PA, their combined utilisation, providing comprehensive information, is strongly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fotini Venetsanou
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 17237 Athens, Greece;
| | - Kyriaki Emmanouilidou
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, Greece;
| | | | | | - Leire Bastida
- TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Spain; (L.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Ana Moya
- TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Spain; (L.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Antonis Kambas
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, Greece;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-25310-39643
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Differences in Physical Activity between Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease and Healthy Subjects. J Aging Res 2020; 2020:5093528. [PMID: 33145111 PMCID: PMC7596450 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5093528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a significant prognostic marker of poor long-term survival due to limited physical activity associated with various functional problems, such as intermittent claudication. A physically active lifestyle has the potential to modify peripheral artery risk factors and promote general health. While low daily physical activity levels have been recognized in the population of PAD, the exact level has yet to be quantified due to lack of research. The aim of the present study was to compare physical activity level (PAL) and time spent at activities of different intensity levels between patients with PAD and healthy individuals. The study subjects were 10 patients with PAD and 10 age-matched healthy control subjects. We measured the time spent at light, moderate, or vigorous physical activity using triaxial accelerometer and calculated PAL. Intermittent claudication onset distance and maximum walking distance were defined as the distance walked at which the subject first reported leg pain and the distance at which the subject was unable to continue walking because of leg pain, respectively. Results Our results showed (i) lower PAL in patients with PAD compared with the controls; (ii) while there was no significant difference in the high-intensity activity between the two groups, the light- and moderate-intensity activities of the PAD group were significantly lower than the controls, the time spent at moderate-intensity activity was approximately 50% less; and (iii) among patients with PAD, low PAL did not correlate directly with intermittent claudication. Conclusions PAD patients limit the amount of their physical activity, especially light and moderate intensities. Our study highlights the importance of spending more time walking in daily life.
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Sember V, Meh K, Sorić M, Starc G, Rocha P, Jurak G. Validity and Reliability of International Physical Activity Questionnaires for Adults across EU Countries: Systematic Review and Meta Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17197161. [PMID: 33007880 PMCID: PMC7579664 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020138845) critically evaluates test-retest reliability, concurrent validity and criterion validity of different physical activity (PA) levels of three most commonly used international PA questionnaires (PAQs) in official language versions of European Union (EU): International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF), Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), and European Health Interview Survey-Physical Activity Questionnaire (EHIS-PAQ). In total, 1749 abstracts were screened, 287 full-text articles were identified as relevant to the study objectives, and 20 studies were included. The studies' results and quality were evaluated using the Quality Assessment of Physical Activity Questionnaires checklist. Results indicate that only ten EU countries validated official language versions of selected PAQs. A meta-analysis revealed that assessment of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) is the most relevant PA level outcome, since no publication bias in any of measurement properties was detected while test-retest reliability was moderately high (rw = 0.74), moderate for the criterion (rw = 0.41) and moderately-high for concurrent validity (rw = 0.72). Reporting of methods and results of the studies was poor, with an overall moderate risk of bias with a total score of 0.43. In conclusion, where only self-reporting of PA is feasible, assessment of MVPA with selected PAQs in EU adult populations is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedrana Sember
- Faculty of Sports, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.M.); (M.S.); (G.S.); (G.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +386-51-268263
| | - Kaja Meh
- Faculty of Sports, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.M.); (M.S.); (G.S.); (G.J.)
| | - Maroje Sorić
- Faculty of Sports, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.M.); (M.S.); (G.S.); (G.J.)
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, 10110 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gregor Starc
- Faculty of Sports, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.M.); (M.S.); (G.S.); (G.J.)
| | - Paulo Rocha
- Portuguese Institute of Sport and Youth, 1250-190 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Gregor Jurak
- Faculty of Sports, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.M.); (M.S.); (G.S.); (G.J.)
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Effect of handling breaks on estimation of heart rate responses to bouts of physical activity among young women: An accelerometer research issue. Gait Posture 2020; 81:1-6. [PMID: 32645577 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2020.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the research interests with regard to accelerometry is the evaluation of physical activity bout under free-living conditions. RESEARCH QUESTION This study aimed to examine the effect of treatment interruption on the estimation of heart rate (HR) response to moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) bout. METHODS Twenty-five young women performed at least 30 min of MVPA during 24 h while wearing a uniaxial accelerometer on their waist and a portable HR monitor on their chest simultaneously. Based on the time series data, MVPA bout was defined as physical activity that was maintained at no less than 3 metabolic equivalents (METs) for >10 min without or with interruption, i.e., a 1-, 2-, or 3-min interruption. RESULTS The frequency and duration of MVPA bout significantly increased with interruption (p < 0.01). The HR and estimated MET value for an MVPA bout with interruption were significantly lower than those without interruption (p < 0.01), and the difference gradually increased depending on the duration of the interruptions (p < 0.01). SIGNIFICANCE These findings indicate that treatment interruptions could influence the estimation of cardiorespiratory response to MVPA bout under free-living conditions, and interruptions could result in an overestimation of the actual intensity of an MVPA bout.
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Davergne T, Rakotozafiarison A, Servy H, Gossec L. Wearable Activity Trackers in the Management of Rheumatic Diseases: Where Are We in 2020? SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E4797. [PMID: 32854412 PMCID: PMC7506912 DOI: 10.3390/s20174797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In healthcare, physical activity can be monitored in two ways: self-monitoring by the patient himself or external monitoring by health professionals. Regarding self-monitoring, wearable activity trackers allow automated passive data collection that educate and motivate patients. Wearing an activity tracker can improve walking time by around 1500 steps per day. However, there are concerns about measurement accuracy (e.g., lack of a common validation protocol or measurement discrepancies between different devices). For external monitoring, many innovative electronic tools are currently used in rheumatology to help support physician time management, to reduce the burden on clinic time, and to prioritize patients who may need further attention. In inflammatory arthritis, such as rheumatoid arthritis, regular monitoring of patients to detect disease flares improves outcomes. In a pilot study applying machine learning to activity tracker steps, we showed that physical activity was strongly linked to disease flares and that patterns of physical activity could be used to predict flares with great accuracy, with a sensitivity and specificity above 95%. Thus, automatic monitoring of steps may lead to improved disease control through potential early identification of disease flares. However, activity trackers have some limitations when applied to rheumatic patients, such as tracker adherence, lack of clarity on long-term effectiveness, or the potential multiplicity of trackers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Davergne
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (UMRS 1136), 75013 Paris, France;
| | | | - Hervé Servy
- E-Health Services Sanoïa, 13420 Gémenos, France;
| | - Laure Gossec
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (UMRS 1136), 75013 Paris, France;
- APHP, Rheumatology Department, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, 75013 Paris, France;
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E JY, Schrack JA, Mihailovic A, Wanigatunga AA, West SK, Friedman DS, Gitlin LN, Li T, Ramulu PY. Patterns of Daily Physical Activity across the Spectrum of Visual Field Damage in Glaucoma Patients. Ophthalmology 2020; 128:70-77. [PMID: 32615202 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.06.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To define and quantify patterns of objectively measured daily physical activity by level of visual field (VF) damage in glaucoma patients including: (1) activity fragmentation, a metric of health and physiologic decline, and (2) diurnal patterns of activity, a measure of rest and activity rhythms. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. PARTICIPANTS Older adults diagnosed with glaucoma or suspected glaucoma. METHODS Degree of VF damage was defined by the average VF sensitivity within the integrated VF (IVF). Each participant wore a hip accelerometer for 1 week to measure daily minute-by-minute activity for 7 consecutive days. Activity fragmentation was calculated as the reciprocal of the average activity bout duration in minutes, with higher fragmentation indicating more transient, rather than sustained, activity. Multivariate linear regression was used to test for cross-sectional associations between VF damage and activity fragmentation. Multivariate linear mixed-effects models were used to assess the associations between VF damage and accumulation of activity across 6 3-hour intervals from 5 am to 11 pm. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Activity fragmentation and amount of activity (steps) over the course of the day. RESULTS Each 5-dB decrement in IVF sensitivity was associated with 16.3 fewer active minutes/day (P < 0.05) and 2% higher activity fragmentation (P < 0.05), but not with the number of active bouts per day (P = 0.30). In time-of-day analyses, lower IVF sensitivity was associated with fewer steps over the 11 am to 2 pm, 2 pm to 5 pm, and 5 pm to 8 pm periods (106.6, 93.1, and 89.2 fewer steps, respectively; P < 0.05 for all), but not over other periods. The activity midpoint (the time at which half of the daily activity is completed) did not vary across level of VF damage. CONCLUSIONS At worse levels of VF damage, glaucoma patients demonstrate shorter, more fragmented bouts of physical activity throughout the day and lower activity levels during typical waking hours, reflecting low physiologic functioning. Further work is needed to establish the temporality of this association and whether glaucoma patients with such activity patterns are at a greater risk of adverse health outcomes associated with activity fragmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Yu E
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jennifer A Schrack
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Aleksandra Mihailovic
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Amal A Wanigatunga
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sheila K West
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - David S Friedman
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Laura N Gitlin
- College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Center for Innovative Care in Aging, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Tianjing Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, Colorado
| | - Pradeep Y Ramulu
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
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Hansen BH, Dalene KE, Ekelund U, Wang Fagerland M, Kolle E, Steene-Johannessen J, Tarp J, Alfred Anderssen S. Step by step: Association of device-measured daily steps with all-cause mortality-A prospective cohort Study. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2020; 30:1705-1711. [PMID: 32427398 PMCID: PMC7496562 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Walking is free, does not require special training, and can be done almost everywhere. Therefore, walking is a feasible behavior on which to tailor public health messages. This study assesses the prospective association and dose‐response relationship between daily steps and all‐cause mortality. Materials and Methods Daily steps were measured by waist‐mounted accelerometers in 2183 individuals (53% women) for seven consecutive days at baseline (2008‐09). Participants were followed for a median period of 9.1 years and associations between steps and all‐cause mortality determined by registry linkage were assessed using Cox proportional hazard regression with adjustment for relevant covariates. Results Mean age was 57.0 (SD 10.9) years at baseline. Median (IQR) daily steps across ascending quartiles were 4651 (3495‐5325), 6862 (6388‐7350), 8670 (8215‐9186), and 11 467 (10 556‐13 110), respectively. During follow‐up, 119 individuals died (68% men). Higher number of daily steps was associated with a lower risk of all‐cause mortality with hazard ratios of 1.00 (referent), 0.52 (0.29‐0.93), 0.50 (0.27‐0.94), and 0.43 (0.21‐0.88) across ascending quartiles of daily steps in the multivariable‐adjusted model with follow‐up commencing 2 years after baseline. Risk differences per 1000 individuals for ascending quartiles were 6.8 (2.9‐9.3), 7.1 (0.8‐11.1), and 8.0 (1.7‐12.1), respectively. Conclusions Daily steps were associated with lower mortality risk in a non‐linear dose‐response pattern. The risk is almost halved when comparing the least active referent against the second quartile equivalent to a difference of about 2200 daily steps. Encouraging those least active to increase their daily steps may have substantial public health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjørge Herman Hansen
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Knut Eirik Dalene
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ulf Ekelund
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Elin Kolle
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Jakob Tarp
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
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Petersen TL, Møller LB, Brønd JC, Jepsen R, Grøntved A. Association between parent and child physical activity: a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:67. [PMID: 32423407 PMCID: PMC7236180 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-00966-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Childhood represents an important life stage for establishment of physical activity (PA) habits. Parents are assumed to play an important role in influencing children’s PA. Earlier reviews have mainly focused on parental modelling, encouragement, and support for PA, rather than the actual PA levels of parents. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to systematically summarize the evidence on the relationship between parent and child PA. Methods Papers were identified using electronic databases and manual searches of reference lists. Papers reporting on associations between objectively measured child PA and at least one measure of parental PA were included. The quality of the papers was assessed using a modified version of the ROBINS-I tool. For interpretation of the results across studies, we produced albatross plots for all studies combined and by age-groups, sex of the parents, sex of the child, methodology of assessment of parental PA, and type of PA. Results Thirty-nine papers were included with sample size of parent-child dyads ranging from 15 to 1267 (mean = 319 dyads, median = 227 dyads). The majority of studies were published from 2008 to 2018 and used accelerometry to assess PA. Most of the studies were classified as having moderate, serious, or critical risk of bias. The albatross plot for all studies combined showed that the clear majority of studies observed a positive relationship between parent and child PA. The plot suggested an average magnitude of correlation across studies to be around 0.13, and the overall impression was that this was fairly similar across child age-groups and gender of parent-child dyads. Studies using objective assessment of parental PA showed stronger relationship between parent and child PA compared with studies using self-report (average magnitude of correlation around 0.16 vs 0.04 respectively). No clear evidence was found for the strength of relationship being dependent on type of PA measure of parent and child (total PA, moderate-to-vigorous PA, steps), however, the relationship for light PA appeared weaker. Conclusion This systematic review showed that the clear majority of studies observed a weak positive relationship between parent and child PA regardless of age of the child, the gender of the parent-child dyad, and type of PA. Trial registration Registration in PROSPERO: CRD42019093462.
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Affiliation(s)
- Therese Lockenwitz Petersen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Research Unit for Exercise Epidemiology, Centre of Research in Childhood Health, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230, Odense M, Denmark. .,Lolland-Falster Health Study, Centre for Epidemiological Research, Nykøbing F. Hospital, Fjordvej 15, 4800, Nykøbing F, Denmark. .,University College Absalon, Region Zealand, Bispegade 5, 4800, Nykøbing F, Denmark.
| | - Liselotte Bang Møller
- Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Nykøbing F. Hospital, Fjordvej 15, Nykøbing F, 4800, Denmark
| | - Jan Christian Brønd
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Research Unit for Exercise Epidemiology, Centre of Research in Childhood Health, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Randi Jepsen
- Lolland-Falster Health Study, Centre for Epidemiological Research, Nykøbing F. Hospital, Fjordvej 15, 4800, Nykøbing F, Denmark
| | - Anders Grøntved
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Research Unit for Exercise Epidemiology, Centre of Research in Childhood Health, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230, Odense M, Denmark
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Physical activity of first graders in Norwegian after-school programs: A relevant contribution to the development of motor competencies and learning of movements? Investigated utilizing a mixed methods approach. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232486. [PMID: 32353056 PMCID: PMC7192409 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Development of motor competencies and learning of movements in children is dependent on varied physical activity (PA). After-school programs (ASP) might provide opportunities for young schoolchildren to participate in PA. The aim of the current study was to investigate the PA of first graders in ASP and to consider its contribution to the development of motor competencies and the learning of movements. METHODS The study was performed utilizing a mixed methods design. A total of 42 first graders were sampled from 14 ASPs in Norway. Direct observations of the children's activities were conducted for the duration of one entire ASP day. PA intensity was measured using ActiGraph accelerometers. Qualitative data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis, while the Mann-Whitney U test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to analyze the quantitative data. RESULTS The median PA time among the observed children was 61.5 minutes. The median stationary time was 75.9 minutes. There was considerable variation within the sample. Girls were significantly more engaged in stationary behavior than boys. Frequent changes in activity type and intensity were typical features of the children's ASP day. PA duration and intensity were significantly higher outdoors than indoors. Adult-managed time had longer periods of stationary behavior than child-managed time. The PA at all intensity levels contained barrier-breaking movements-especially at light intensity levels. CONCLUSION Most of the first graders studied were engaged in a variety of activity types of different duration and intensity levels, favorable for the development of motor competencies and for the learning of movements. Hence, it is reasonable to highlight that light PA, in combination with moderate and vigorous PA, is also of great importance for children during the time they spend in ASP. Ultimately, there is a need for staff members who can also stimulate varied PA among the most stationary children.
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Minimal Important Difference for Physical Activity and Validity of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire in Interstitial Lung Disease. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2020; 16:107-115. [PMID: 30211616 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.201804-265oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE The optimal method of physical activity measurement has not been determined in patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease (ILD). OBJECTIVES To assess the validity, internal consistency, and responsiveness of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire long form (IPAQ-LF) and to estimate the minimal important difference (MID) for moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in patients with fibrotic ILD. METHODS This two-center prospective cohort study included a convenience sample of 111 outpatients with fibrotic ILD who wore waist and wrist ActiGraph accelerometers for 7 consecutive days, followed by self-administration of the IPAQ-LF. Both measurements were performed at baseline and 6-month follow-up. Spearman rank correlations were used to evaluate the IPAQ-LF validity in comparison to activity monitor data, lung function, step count, and quality of life. The internal consistency of the IPAQ-LF was determined using Cronbach's α. Self-reported changes in IPAQ-LF parameters were compared among tertiles of change measured by the waist activity monitor to assess the responsiveness of the IPAQ-LF after 6 months. Anchor- and distribution-based methods were used to estimate the MID for MVPA. RESULTS Self-reported MVPA minutes, activity-related energy expenditure, sedentary time, and inactive time of the IPAQ-LF generally showed moderate to strong correlations with corresponding waist activity monitor data, step count, lung function, and quality of life. The Cronbach's α of the IPAQ-LF was 0.78. The IPAQ-LF was responsive at detecting increases in weekly MVPA and energy expenditure. The MIDs for MVPA were 8 to 26 and 13 to 58 min/wk using the anchor-based method for waist activity monitor and IPAQ-LF data, respectively. The distribution-based MID estimate for MVPA was 104 to 242 min/wk. CONCLUSIONS The IPAQ-LF has acceptable validity and internal consistency for measuring daily physical activity in patients with fibrotic ILD. The IPAQ-LF was responsive at detecting increases in physical activity but limited in its ability to detect declines or changes in inactivity. Using an anchor-based approach, the MID for MVPA measured by a waist activity monitor is approximately 26 min/wk.
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