1
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Xia J, Huang Y, Ma M, Liu F, Cao B. Downregulating lncRNA MIAT attenuates apoptosis of podocytes exposed to high glucose. Acta Diabetol 2024; 61:451-460. [PMID: 38072843 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-023-02213-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a destructive complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), is one of the leading causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). This study aimed to investigate the role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MIAT in high-glucose (HG)-induced podocyte injury associated with DN. METHODS Three human kidney podocyte (HKP) cultures were treated with HG to mimic DN. Expression of lncRNA MIAT, podocyte-specific and injury-related proteins, and apoptosis were assessed before and after MIAT knockdown using MIAT shRNAs. RESULTS MIAT expression was upregulated in HKPs in response to glucose stress. HG treatment resulted in a significant increase in the apoptotic rate, Bax level, and levels of injury-related proteins desmin, fibroblast-specific protein 1 (FSP-1), and smooth muscle α-actin (α-SMA), and a significant reduction in Bcl-2 levels and the levels of podocyte-specific proteins synaptopodin and podocin. Transfection of HKPs with shRNAs significantly reduced MIAT levels (p < 0.05) and attenuated apoptosis in HG-medium. Correspondingly, the levels of synaptopodin and podocin were upregulated, and desmin, FSP-1, and α-SMA were reduced (p < 0.05). Western blot analysis also showed that anti-apoptotic active caspase-3 and Bax and proapoptotic Bcl-2 were elevated and decreased, respectively, after MIAT knockdown, suggesting that apoptosis pathways are deactivated after MIAT downregulation. CONCLUSIONS High glucose upregulates MIAT level in HKPs and induces cellular injury. Knockdown of MIAT alleviates the injury likely via deactivating apoptosis pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Xia
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Medical Insurance, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China
| | - Min Ma
- Department of Gynecology, Graduate School of Guizhou, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Coloproctology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China.
| | - Bo Cao
- Department of Coloproctology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China.
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2
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Saito K, Yokawa S, Kurihara H, Yaoita E, Mizuta S, Tada K, Oda M, Hatakeyama H, Ohta Y. FilGAP controls cell-extracellular matrix adhesion and process formation of kidney podocytes. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23504. [PMID: 38421271 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301691rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The function of kidney podocytes is closely associated with actin cytoskeleton regulated by Rho small GTPases. Loss of actin-driven cell adhesions and processes is connected to podocyte dysfunction, proteinuria, and kidney diseases. FilGAP, a GTPase-activating protein for Rho small GTPase Rac1, is abundantly expressed in kidney podocytes, and its gene is linked to diseases in a family with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. In this study, we have studied the role of FilGAP in podocytes in vitro. Depletion of FilGAP in cultured podocytes induced loss of actin stress fibers and increased Rac1 activity. Conversely, forced expression of FilGAP increased stress fiber formation whereas Rac1 activation significantly reduced its formation. FilGAP localizes at the focal adhesion (FA), an integrin-based protein complex closely associated with stress fibers, that mediates cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesion, and FilGAP depletion decreased FA formation and impaired attachment to the ECM. Moreover, in unique podocyte cell cultures capable of inducing the formation of highly organized processes including major processes and foot process-like projections, FilGAP depletion or Rac1 activation decreased the formation of these processes. The reduction of FAs and process formations in FilGAP-depleted podocyte cells was rescued by inhibition of Rac1 or P21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1), a downstream effector of Rac1, and PAK1 activation inhibited their formations. Thus, FilGAP contributes to both cell-ECM adhesion and process formation of podocytes by suppressing Rac1/PAK1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Saito
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Seiji Yokawa
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hidetake Kurihara
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aino University, Osaka, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Eishin Yaoita
- Kidney Research Center, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Sari Mizuta
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kanae Tada
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Moemi Oda
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Hatakeyama
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Ohta
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
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3
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Ma S, Qiu Y, Zhang C. Cytoskeleton Rearrangement in Podocytopathies: An Update. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:647. [PMID: 38203817 PMCID: PMC10779434 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Podocyte injury can disrupt the glomerular filtration barrier (GFB), leading to podocytopathies that emphasize podocytes as the glomerulus's key organizer. The coordinated cytoskeleton is essential for supporting the elegant structure and complete functions of podocytes. Therefore, cytoskeleton rearrangement is closely related to the pathogenesis of podocytopathies. In podocytopathies, the rearrangement of the cytoskeleton refers to significant alterations in a string of slit diaphragm (SD) and focal adhesion proteins such as the signaling node nephrin, calcium influx via transient receptor potential channel 6 (TRPC6), and regulation of the Rho family, eventually leading to the disorganization of the original cytoskeletal architecture. Thus, it is imperative to focus on these proteins and signaling pathways to probe the cytoskeleton rearrangement in podocytopathies. In this review, we describe podocytopathies and the podocyte cytoskeleton, then discuss the molecular mechanisms involved in cytoskeleton rearrangement in podocytopathies and summarize the effects of currently existing drugs on regulating the podocyte cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chun Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (S.M.); (Y.Q.)
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4
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Gong L, Wang R, Wang X, Liu J, Han Z, Li Q, Jin Y, Liao H. Research progress of natural active compounds on improving podocyte function to reduce proteinuria in diabetic kidney disease. Ren Fail 2023; 45:2290930. [PMID: 38073545 PMCID: PMC11001328 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2023.2290930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a primary cause of end-stage renal disease. Proteinuria is a clinical indicator of the different stages of DKD, and podocyte injury is a major cause of proteinuria. Podocyte-specific proteins (PSPs) play important roles in the normal filtration of podocytes. Studies have shown that natural active compounds (NACs) can ameliorate proteinuria; however, the mechanism related to PSPs needs to be explored. In this study, the five stages of DKD related to proteinuria and the functions of PSPs are displayed separately. Mechanisms for ameliorating proteinuria and improving the PSPs of the 15 NACs are summarized. The in vitro and in vivo mechanistic research showed that five compounds, astragaloside IV, ligustrazine, berberine, emodin and resveratrol, exerted renal protective effects via AMPK signaling, icariin and berberine via TLR4 signaling, hirudin and baicalin via MAPK signaling, curcumin and baicalin via NF-κB signaling, and emodin via protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase signaling. The 13 PSPs were divided into five categories: actin cytoskeleton, basal domain, apical domain, slit diaphragm, and others. In conclusion, anti-inflammatory effects, anti-oxidative stress, and enhanced autophagy are the main mechanisms underlying the ameliorative effects of NACs. Podocyte apoptosis is mainly related to nephrin and podocin, which are the most studied slit diaphragm PSPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Gong
- School of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhaodi Han
- Drug Clinical Trial Institution, Fifth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University (Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital), Taiyuan, China
| | - Qian Li
- Drug Clinical Trial Institution, Fifth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University (Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital), Taiyuan, China
| | - Yi Jin
- Drug Clinical Trial Institution, Fifth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University (Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital), Taiyuan, China
| | - Hui Liao
- Drug Clinical Trial Institution, Fifth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University (Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital), Taiyuan, China
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5
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Chen H, Liu Y, Zhang T, Huang T, Lang Y, Sheng Q, Liu Y, Kong Z, Gao Y, Lu S, Yang M, Li X, Wang R, Lv Z. Inhibition of the lncRNA 585189 prevents podocyte injury and mitochondria dysfunction by promoting hnRNP A1 and SIRT1 in diabetic nephropathy. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2023; 578:112065. [PMID: 37690472 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2023.112065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Podocyte dysfunction has been identified as a crucial pathological characteristic of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the regulatory effects of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in this process have not been fully elucidated. Here, we performed an unbiased RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis of renal tissues and identified a significantly upregulated long non-coding RNA, ENST00000585189.1 (lncRNA 585189), in patients with DN. Furthermore, lncRNA 585189 was positively correlated with renal insufficiency and was upregulated in both DN patients and high-glucose-induced human podocytes. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments revealed that silencing lncRNA 585189 decreased the production of ROS, rescued aberrant mitochondrial morphology and membrane potential, and alleviated podocyte damage caused by high glucose. Mechanistically, bioinformatics analysis predicted an interaction between lncRNA 585189 and hnRNP A1, which was subsequently confirmed by RIP, pull-down, and EMSA assays. Further investigation revealed that lncRNA 585189 destabilizes the hnRNP A1 protein, leading to the downregulation of its expression. Conversely, hnRNP A1 promoted the expression of lncRNA 585189. Moreover, both RIP and pull-down assays demonstrated a direct interaction between hnRNP A1 and SIRT1, which enhanced SIRT1 mRNA stability. Our findings suggest that lncRNA 585189 suppresses SIRT1 through hnRNP A1, thereby hindering the recovery from mitochondrial abnormalities and podocyte damage. In summary, targeting lncRNA 585189 is a promising strategy for reversing mitochondrial dysfunction and treating DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, China
| | - Tingwei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, China
| | - Tongtong Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, China
| | - Yating Lang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, China
| | - Qinghao Sheng
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, China
| | - Yingxiao Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, China
| | - Zhijuan Kong
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, China
| | - Shangwei Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, China
| | - Meilin Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University. No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, China.
| | - Zhimei Lv
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, China.
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6
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Liu M, Zhang Y, Zhan P, Sun W, Dong C, Liu X, Yang Y, Wang X, Xie Y, Gao C, Hu H, Shi B, Wang Z, Guo C, Yi F. Histone deacetylase 9 exacerbates podocyte injury in hyperhomocysteinemia through epigenetic repression of Klotho. Pharmacol Res 2023; 198:107009. [PMID: 37995896 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.107009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Although hyperhomocysteinemia (hHcys) has been recognized as an important independent risk factor in the progression of end-stage renal disease and the development of cardiovascular complications related to end-stage renal disease, the mechanisms triggering pathogenic actions of hHcys are not fully understood. The present study was mainly designed to investigate the role of HDACs in renal injury induced by hHcys. Firstly, we identified the expression patterns of HDACs and found that, among zinc-dependent HDACs, HDAC9 was preferentially upregulated in the kidney from mice with hHcys. Deficiency or pharmacological inhibition of HDAC9 ameliorated renal injury in mice with hHcys. Moreover, podocyte-specific deletion of HDAC9 significantly attenuated podocyte injury and proteinuria. In vitro, gene silencing of HDAC9 attenuated podocyte injury by inhibiting apoptosis, reducing oxidative stress and maintaining the expressions of podocyte slit diaphragm proteins. Mechanically, we proved for the first time that HDAC9 reduced the acetylation level of H3K9 in the promoter of Klotho, then inhibited gene transcription of Klotho, finally aggravating podocyte injury in hHcys. In conclusion, our results indicated that targeting of HDAC9 might be an attractive therapeutic strategy for the treatment of renal injury induced by hHcys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Ping Zhan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Wenjuan Sun
- Department of Obstetrics, the Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Chuanqiao Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xiaohan Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yujie Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yusheng Xie
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Chengjiang Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Huili Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Benkang Shi
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Ziying Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Chun Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Fan Yi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
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7
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Khamis T, Abdelkhalek A, Abdellatif H, Dwidar N, Said A, Ahmed R, Wagdy K, Elgarhy R, Eltahan R, Mohamed H, Said Amer E, Hanna M, Ragab T, Kishk A, Wael J, Sarhan E, Saweres L, Reda M, Elkomy S, Mohamed A, Samy A, Khafaga A, Shaker Y, Yehia H, Alanazi A, Alassiri M, Tîrziu E, Bucur IM, Arisha AH. BM-MSCs alleviate diabetic nephropathy in male rats by regulating ER stress, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptotic pathways. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1265230. [PMID: 38044936 PMCID: PMC10690373 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1265230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a chronic kidney disease, is a major cause of end-stage kidney disease worldwide. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have become a promising option to mitigate several diabetic complications. Methods: In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) in a rat model of STZ-induced DN. After the confirmation of diabetes, rats were treated with BM-MSCs and sacrificed at week 12 after treatment. Results: Our results showed that STZ-induced DN rats had extensive histopathological changes, significant upregulation in mRNA expression of renal apoptotic markers, ER stress markers, inflammatory markers, fibronectin, and intermediate filament proteins, and reduction of positive immunostaining of PCNA and elevated P53 in kidney tissue compared to the control group. BM-MSC therapy significantly improved renal histopathological changes, reduced renal apoptosis, ER stress, inflammation, and intermediate filament proteins, as well as increased positive immunostaining of PCNA and reduced P53 in renal tissue compared to the STZ-induced DN group. Conclusion: In conclusion, our study indicates that BM-MSCs may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of DN and provide important insights into their potential use as a novel therapeutic approach for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Khamis
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Adel Abdelkhalek
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Badr, Egypt
| | - Hussein Abdellatif
- Department of Human and Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Nourelden Dwidar
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Badr, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Said
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Badr, Egypt
| | - Rama Ahmed
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Badr, Egypt
| | - Kerolos Wagdy
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Badr, Egypt
| | - Rowina Elgarhy
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Badr, Egypt
| | - Rawan Eltahan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Badr, Egypt
| | - Hisham Mohamed
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Badr, Egypt
| | - Eman Said Amer
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Badr, Egypt
| | - Maria Hanna
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Badr, Egypt
| | - Tarek Ragab
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Badr, Egypt
| | - Abdallah Kishk
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Badr, Egypt
| | - Judy Wael
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Badr, Egypt
| | - Eyad Sarhan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Badr, Egypt
| | - Linda Saweres
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Badr, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Reda
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Badr, Egypt
| | - Sara Elkomy
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Badr, Egypt
| | - Abdalah Mohamed
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Badr, Egypt
| | - Abdullah Samy
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Badr, Egypt
| | - Ateya Khafaga
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Badr, Egypt
| | - Youliana Shaker
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Badr, Egypt
| | - Hamdy Yehia
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Badr, Egypt
| | - Asma Alanazi
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alassiri
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Ministry of the National Guard—Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emil Tîrziu
- Department of Animal Production and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, “King Mihai I” from Timisoara [ULST], Timisoara, Romania
| | - Iulia Maria Bucur
- Department of Animal Production and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, “King Mihai I” from Timisoara [ULST], Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ahmed Hamed Arisha
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Badr, Egypt
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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8
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Yasuda H, Fukusumi Y, Zhang Y, Kawachi H. 14-3-3 Proteins stabilize actin and vimentin filaments to maintain processes in renal glomerular podocyte. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23168. [PMID: 37651095 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300865r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
14-3-3 proteins are a ubiquitously expressed family of adaptor proteins. Despite exhibiting high sequence homology, several 14-3-3 isoforms have isoform-specific binding partners and roles. We reported that 14-3-3β interacts with FKBP12 and synaptopodin to maintain the structure of actin fibers in podocytes. However, the precise localization and differential role of 14-3-3 isoforms in kidneys are unclear. Herein, we showed that 14-3-3β in glomeruli was restricted in podocytes, and 14-3-3σ in glomeruli was expressed in podocytes and mesangial cells. Although 14-3-3β was dominantly co-localized with FKBP12 in the foot processes, a part of 14-3-3β was co-localized with Par3 at the slit diaphragm. 14-3-3β interacted with Par3, and FKBP12 bound to 14-3-3β competitively with Par3. Deletion of 14-3-3β enhanced the interaction of Par3 with Par6 in podocytes. Gene silencing for 14-3-3β altered the structure of actin fibers and process formation. 14-3-3β and synaptopodin expression was decreased in podocyte injury models. In contrast, 14-3-3σ in podocytes was expressed in the primary processes. 14-3-3σ interacted with vimentin but not with the actin-associated proteins FKBP12 and synaptopodin. Gene silencing for 14-3-3σ altered the structure of vimentin fibers and process formation. 14-3-3σ and vimentin expression was increased in the early phase of podocyte injury models but was decreased in the late stage. Together, the localization of 14-3-3β at actin cytoskeleton plays a role in maintaining the foot processes and the Par complex in podocytes. In contrast, 14-3-3σ at vimentin cytoskeleton is essential for maintaining primary processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidenori Yasuda
- Department of Cell Biology, Kidney Research Center, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yoshiyasu Fukusumi
- Department of Cell Biology, Kidney Research Center, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Kidney Research Center, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kawachi
- Department of Cell Biology, Kidney Research Center, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
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9
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XU LUSI, HU GAIZUN, QIU JIAHE, MIURA TAKAHIRO, YAMAKOSHI SEIKO, NAMAI-TAKAHASHI ASAKO, KOHZUKI MASAHIRO, ITO OSAMU. Exercise Training Prevents High Fructose-Induced Hypertension and Renal Damages in Male Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rats. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55:803-812. [PMID: 36729699 PMCID: PMC10090347 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High-fructose diet (HFr) causes metabolic syndrome, and HFr-induced hypertension and renal damage are exaggerated in Dahl salt-sensitive (DS) rats. Exercise training (Ex) has antihypertensive and renal protective effects in rats fed HFr; however, there has been little discussion about the DS rats, which exhibit metabolic disturbances. This study thus examined the effects of Ex on DS rats fed HFr. METHODS Male DS rats were divided into three groups. The control group was fed a control diet, and both the HFr group and the HFr-Ex group were fed an HFr (60% fructose). The HFr-Ex group also underwent treadmill running (20 m·min -1 , 60 min·d -1 , 5 d·wk -1 ). After 12 wk, renal function, histology, and renin-angiotensin system were examined. RESULTS HFr increased blood pressure, urinary albumin, and creatinine clearance, and Ex inhibited these increases. HFr induced glomerular sclerosis, podocyte injury, afferent arteriole thickening, and renal interstitial fibrosis, and Ex ameliorated them. HFr reduced plasma renin activity, and Ex further reduced the activity. HFr also increased the expression of angiotensinogen, renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), and angiotensin II type 1 receptor, and Ex restored the ACE expression to the control levels. HFr decreased the expression of ACE2, angiotensin II type 2 receptor, and Mas receptor, and Ex restored the ACE2 and Mas receptor expressions to the control levels and further decreased the angiotensin II type 2 receptor expression. HFr increased the ACE activity and decreased the ACE2 activity, and Ex restored these activities to the control levels. CONCLUSIONS Ex prevents HFr-induced hypertension and renal damages in DS rats. The changes in renal renin-angiotensin system may be involved in the mechanism of the antihypertensive and renal protective effects of Ex.
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Affiliation(s)
- LUSI XU
- Division of General Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, JAPAN
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, JAPAN
| | - GAIZUN HU
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - JIAHE QIU
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, JAPAN
| | - TAKAHIRO MIURA
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, JAPAN
| | - SEIKO YAMAKOSHI
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, JAPAN
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Sendai, JAPAN
| | - ASAKO NAMAI-TAKAHASHI
- Division of General Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, JAPAN
| | - MASAHIRO KOHZUKI
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, JAPAN
| | - OSAMU ITO
- Division of General Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, JAPAN
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10
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Bagang N, Gupta K, Singh G, Kanuri SH, Mehan S. Protease-activated receptors in kidney diseases: A comprehensive review of pathological roles, therapeutic outcomes and challenges. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 377:110470. [PMID: 37011708 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Studies have demonstrated that protease-activated receptors (PARs) with four subtypes (PAR1-4) are mainly expressed in the renal epithelial, endothelial, and podocyte cells. Some endogenous and urinary proteases, namely thrombin, trypsin, urokinase, and kallikrein released during diseased conditions, are responsible for activating different subtypes of PARs. Each PAR receptor subtype is involved in kidney disease of distinct aetiology. PAR1 and PAR2 have shown differential therapeutic outcomes in rodent models of type-1 and type-2 diabetic kidney diseases due to the distinct etiological basis of each disease type, however such findings need to be confirmed in other diabetic renal injury models. PAR1 and PAR2 blockers have been observed to abolish drug-induced nephrotoxicity in rodents by suppressing tubular inflammation and fibrosis and preventing mitochondrial dysfunction. Notably, PAR2 inhibition improved autophagy and prevented fibrosis, inflammation, and remodeling in the urethral obstruction model. Only the PAR1/4 subtypes have emerged as a therapeutic target for treating experimentally induced nephrotic syndrome, where their respective antibodies attenuated the podocyte apoptosis induced upon thrombin activation. Strikingly PAR2 and PAR4 subtypes involvement has been tested in sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) and renal ischemia-reperfusion injury models. Thus, more studies are required to delineate the role of other subtypes in the sepsis-AKI model. Evidence suggests that PARs regulate oxidative, inflammatory stress, immune cell activation, fibrosis, autophagic flux, and apoptosis during kidney diseases.
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11
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Liu X, Wang X, Ma H, Zhang W. Mechanisms underlying acupuncture therapy in chronic kidney disease: A narrative overview of preclinical studies and clinical trials. FRONTIERS IN NEPHROLOGY 2022; 2:1006506. [PMID: 37675019 PMCID: PMC10479635 DOI: 10.3389/fneph.2022.1006506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with high incidence, low awareness, and high disability rates among the population. Moreover, the disease significantly affects the physical and mental health of patients. Approximately 25% of patients with CKD develop end-stage renal disease (ESRD) within 20 years of diagnosis and have to rely on renal replacement therapy, which is associated with high mortality, heavy economic burden, and symptoms including fatigue, pain, insomnia, uremia pruritus, and restless leg syndrome. Currently, the means to delay the progress of CKD are insufficient; therefore, developing strategies for delaying CKD progression has important practical implications. In recent years, more and more people are accepting the traditional Chinese medical technique "acupuncture." Acupuncture has been shown to improve the uncomfortable symptoms of various diseases through stimulation (needling, medicinal moxibustion, infrared radiation, and acupressure) of acupoints. Its application has been known for thousands of years, and its safety and efficacy have been verified. As a convenient and inexpensive complementary therapy for CKD, acupuncture has recently been gaining interest among clinicians and scientists. Nevertheless, although clinical trials and meta-analysis findings have demonstrated the efficacy of acupuncture in reducing albuminuria, improving glomerular filtration rate, relieving symptoms, and improving the quality of life of patients with CKD, the underlying mechanisms involved are still not completely understood. Few studies explored the correlation between acupuncture and renal pathological diagnosis. The aim of this study was to conduct a literature review summarizing the currently known mechanisms by which acupuncture could delay the progress of CKD and improve symptoms in patients with ESRD. This review help provide a theoretical basis for further research regarding the influence of acupuncture on renal pathology in patients with CKD, as well as the differences between specific therapeutic mechanisms of acupuncture in different renal pathological diagnosis. The evidence in this review indicates that acupuncture may produce marked effects on blocking and reversing the critical risk factors of CKD progression (e.g., hyperglycemia, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, aging, and anemia) to improve the survival of patients with CKD via mechanisms including oxidative stress inhibition, reducing inflammatory effects, improving hemodynamics, maintaining podocyte structure, and increasing energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyin Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoran Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Lin’An District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongzhen Ma
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
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12
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Kaga H, Matsumura H, Suzuki T, Dohmae N, Odaka M, Komatsuda A, Takahashi N, Wakui H. Comparative proteomic analysis of glomerular proteins in primary and bucillamine-induced membranous nephropathy. Clin Proteomics 2022; 19:26. [PMID: 35836124 PMCID: PMC9281048 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-022-09365-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-phospholipase A2 receptor autoantibody (PLA2R Ab)-associated membranous nephropathy (MN) is the most common form of primary MN (pMN). On the other hand, bucillamine (BCL), an antirheumatic drug developed in Japan, was reported to cause a rare form of secondary MN (sMN). Between these MN forms, comparative proteomic analysis of glomerular proteins has not been performed. METHODS We used renal biopsy specimens from 6 patients with PLA2R Ab (+) pMN, 6 patients with PLA2R Ab (‒) pMN, 6 patients with BCL-induced sMN, and 5 control cases (time 0 transplant biopsies). Proteins were extracted from laser-microdissected glomeruli and analyzed using mass spectrometry. The quantification values of protein abundance in each MN group were compared with those in the control group. RESULTS More than 800 proteins with high confidence were identified. Principal component analysis revealed a different distribution between the pMN and sMN groups. For further analysis, 441 proteins matched with ≥ 3 peptides were selected. Among the pMN and sMN groups, we compared the profiles of several protein groups based on the structural and functional characteristics, such as immunoglobulins, complements, complement-regulating proteins, podocyte-associated proteins, glomerular basement membrane proteins, and several proteins that are known to be associated with kidney diseases, including MN. In all MN groups, increased levels of immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, and IgM), complements (C3, C4, and C9), complement factor H-related protein 5, type XVIII collagen, calmodulin, polyubiquitin, and ubiquitin ligase were observed. For some proteins, such as type VII collagen and nestin, the fold-change values were significantly different between the pMN and sMN groups. CONCLUSIONS Between the pMN and BCL-induced sMN groups, we observed common and different alterations in protein levels such as known disease-associated proteins and potential disease marker proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Kaga
- Department of Hematology, Nephrology, and Rheumatology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Hirotoshi Matsumura
- Department of Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Akita University, 1-1 Tegatagakuen-machi, Akita City, Akita, 010-8502, Japan.
| | - Takehiro Suzuki
- Biomolecular Characterization Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Research Science, Wako, Japan
| | - Naoshi Dohmae
- Biomolecular Characterization Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Research Science, Wako, Japan
| | - Masafumi Odaka
- Department of Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Akita University, 1-1 Tegatagakuen-machi, Akita City, Akita, 010-8502, Japan
| | - Atsushi Komatsuda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ogachi Central Hospital, Yuzawa, Japan
| | - Naoto Takahashi
- Department of Hematology, Nephrology, and Rheumatology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Hideki Wakui
- Department of Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Akita University, 1-1 Tegatagakuen-machi, Akita City, Akita, 010-8502, Japan
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13
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Qu C, Roth R, Puapatanakul P, Loitman C, Hammad D, Genin GM, Miner JH, Suleiman HY. Three-Dimensional Visualization of the Podocyte Actin Network Using Integrated Membrane Extraction, Electron Microscopy, and Machine Learning. J Am Soc Nephrol 2022; 33:155-173. [PMID: 34758982 PMCID: PMC8763187 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2021020182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Actin stress fibers are abundant in cultured cells, but little is known about them in vivo. In podocytes, much evidence suggests that mechanobiologic mechanisms underlie podocyte shape and adhesion in health and in injury, with structural changes to actin stress fibers potentially responsible for pathologic changes to cell morphology. However, this hypothesis is difficult to rigorously test in vivo due to challenges with visualization. A technology to image the actin cytoskeleton at high resolution is needed to better understand the role of structures such as actin stress fibers in podocytes. METHODS We developed the first visualization technique capable of resolving the three-dimensional cytoskeletal network in mouse podocytes in detail, while definitively identifying the proteins that comprise this network. This technique integrates membrane extraction, focused ion-beam scanning electron microscopy, and machine learning image segmentation. RESULTS Using isolated mouse glomeruli from healthy animals, we observed actin cables and intermediate filaments linking the interdigitated podocyte foot processes to newly described contractile actin structures, located at the periphery of the podocyte cell body. Actin cables within foot processes formed a continuous, mesh-like, electron-dense sheet that incorporated the slit diaphragms. CONCLUSIONS Our new technique revealed, for the first time, the detailed three-dimensional organization of actin networks in healthy podocytes. In addition to being consistent with the gel compression hypothesis, which posits that foot processes connected by slit diaphragms act together to counterbalance the hydrodynamic forces across the glomerular filtration barrier, our data provide insight into how podocytes respond to mechanical cues from their surrounding environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengqing Qu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Robyn Roth
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | | | - Charles Loitman
- Division of Nephrology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Dina Hammad
- Division of Nephrology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Guy M. Genin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jeffrey H. Miner
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri,Division of Nephrology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Hani Y. Suleiman
- Division of Nephrology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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14
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Xu L, Hu G, Qiu J, Fan Y, Ma Y, Miura T, Kohzuki M, Ito O. High Fructose-Induced Hypertension and Renal Damage Are Exaggerated in Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rats via Renal Renin-Angiotensin System Activation. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e016543. [PMID: 34259014 PMCID: PMC8483472 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.016543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background High‐fructose diet (HFr) induces hypertension and renal damage. However, it has been unknown whether the HFr‐induced hypertension and renal damage are exaggerated in subjects with salt sensitivity. We tested impacts of HFr in Dahl salt‐sensitive (DS) and salt‐resistant (DR) rats. Methods and Results Male DS and DR rats were fed control diet or HFr (60% fructose) with normal‐salt content. After 12 weeks, plasma and urinary parameters, renal histological characteristics, and renal expression of renin‐angiotensin system components were examined. Furthermore, effects of renin‐angiotensin system inhibitors were also examined in DS rats fed the HFr. HFr elevated blood pressure in DS rats but not in DR rats. HFr increased urinary albumin and liver type fatty acid binding protein excretions in both rats, but the excretions were exaggerated in DS rats. HFr increased plasma lipids and uric acid in both rats, whereas HFr increased creatinine clearance in DS rats but not DR rats. Although HFr decreased plasma renin activity in DS rats, HFr‐induced glomerular injury, afferent arteriolar thickening, and renal interstitial fibrosis were exaggerated in DS rats. HFr increased renal expression of angiotensinogen, renin, (pro)renin receptor, angiotensin‐converting enzyme, and angiotensin II type 1 receptor in DS rat, whereas HFr increased only angiotensin‐converting enzyme expression and decreased renin and angiotensin II type 1 receptor expressions in DR rats. Enalapril and candesartan attenuated the HFr‐induced hypertension, albuminuria, glomerular hyperfiltration, and renal damage in DS rats. Conclusion HFr‐induced hypertension and renal damage are exaggerated in DS rats via renal renin‐angiotensin system activation, which can be controlled by renin‐angiotensin system inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lusi Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan
| | - Gaizun Hu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology School of Medicine Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA
| | - Jiahe Qiu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan
| | - Yuxuan Fan
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan
| | - Yixuan Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan
| | - Takahiro Miura
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan
| | - Masahiro Kohzuki
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan
| | - Osamu Ito
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan.,Division of General Medicine and Rehabilitation Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Faculty of Medicine Sendai Japan
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15
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Saber TM, Mansour MF, Abdelaziz AS, Mohamed RMS, Fouad RA, Arisha AH. Argan oil ameliorates sodium fluoride-induced renal damage via inhibiting oxidative damage, inflammation, and intermediate filament protein expression in male rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:30426-30436. [PMID: 32462624 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09366-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fluoride is widely distributed in the environment and has been associated with the development of different health hazards in animals and humans. Argan oil (AO) is a natural vegetable oil with various beneficial pharmacological effects. This study was designed to investigate the potential protective effect of AO supplementation as pre-treatment or co-treatment on sodium fluoride (NaF)-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats (n = 50) were randomly assigned to one of five equal groups: control group, AO-treated group (6 ml/kg b.wt.), NaF-treated group (20 mg/kg b.wt.), pre-treated group, and co-treated group. All rats were daily administered by oral gavage for duration of 30 days. The results showed that AO administration significantly improved renal function and antioxidant status and decreased the lipid peroxidation in NaF-treated rats. Additionally, AO normalized the renal levels of inflammatory markers and mRNA expression level of the intermediate filament protein genes, indicating NaF-induced podocyte damage was ameliorated. Histopathological evaluation of the kidney confirmed the before mentioned biochemical results. AO counteracted the nephrotoxic effects of NaF in rats particularly at co-exposure. These results concluded that AO administration exhibited a significant nephroprotective effect against renal injury induced by NaF in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taghred M Saber
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Fouad Mansour
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Shaban Abdelaziz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Rasha M S Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Rania A Fouad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Hamed Arisha
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
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16
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Omizo H, Tamura Y, Morimoto C, Ueno M, Hayama Y, Kuribayashi-Okuma E, Uchida S, Shibata S. Cardio-renal protective effect of the xanthine oxidase inhibitor febuxostat in the 5/6 nephrectomy model with hyperuricemia. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9326. [PMID: 32518351 PMCID: PMC7283314 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65706-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although hyperuricemia has been shown to be associated with the progression of cardiovascular disorder and chronic kidney disease (CKD), there is conflicting evidence as to whether xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitors confer organ protection besides lowering serum urate levels. In this study, we addressed the cardio-renal effects of XO inhibition in rodent CKD model with hyperuricemia. Sprague-Dawley rats underwent 5/6 nephrectomy and received a uricase inhibitor oxonic acid for 8 weeks (RK + HUA rats). In some rats, a XO inhibitor febuxostat was administered orally. Compared with control group, RK + HUA group showed a significant increase in albuminuria and renal injury. Febuxostat reduced serum uric acid as well as urinary albumin levels. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis of the kidney revealed that febuxostat alleviated glomerular, tubulointerstitial, and arteriolar injury in RK + HUA rats. Moreover, in the heart, RK + HUA showed individual myofiber hypertrophy and cardiac fibrosis, which was significantly attenuated by febuxostat. We found that renal injury and the indices of cardiac changes were well correlated, confirming the cardio-renal interaction in this model. Finally, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and the downstream target heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein levels were increased both in the heart and in the kidney in RK + HUA rats, and these changes were alleviated by febuxostat, suggesting that tissue oxidative stress burden was attenuated by the treatment. These data demonstrate that febuxostat protects against cardiac and renal injury in RK + HUA rats, and underscore the pathological importance of XO in the cardio-renal interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Omizo
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Yoshifuru Tamura
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan.
| | - Chikayuki Morimoto
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Masaki Ueno
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Yuto Hayama
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Emiko Kuribayashi-Okuma
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Shunya Uchida
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan.,Department of Health Care, Teikyo Heisei University, 2-51-4 Higashi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo, 170-8445, Japan
| | - Shigeru Shibata
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan.
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17
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Tian Y, Guo H, Miao X, Xu J, Yang R, Zhao L, Liu J, Yang L, Gao F, Zhang W, Liu Q, Sun S, Tian Y, Li H, Huang J, Gu C, Liu S, Feng X. Nestin protects podocyte from injury in lupus nephritis by mitophagy and oxidative stress. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:319. [PMID: 32371936 PMCID: PMC7200703 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2547-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Podocyte injury is the main cause of proteinuria in lupus nephritis (LN). Nestin, an important cytoskeleton protein, is expressed stably in podocytes and is associated with podocyte injury. However, the role of nestin in the pathogenesis of proteinuria in LN remains unclear. The correlations among nestin, nephrin and proteinuria were analyzed in LN patients and MRL/lpr lupus-prone mice. The expression of nestin in mouse podocyte lines (MPCs) and MRL/lpr mice was knocked down to determine the role of nestin in podocyte injury. Inhibitors and RNAi method were used to explore the role of mitophagy and oxidative stress in nestin protection of podocyte from damage. There was a significantly negative correlation between nestin and proteinuria both in LN patients and MRL/lpr mice, whereas the expression of nephrin was positively correlated with nestin. Knockdown of nestin resulted in not only the decrease of nephrin, p-nephrin (Y1217) and mitophagy-associated proteins in cultured podocytes and the podocytes of MRL/lpr mice, but also mitochondrial dysfunction in podocytes stimulated with LN plasma. The expression and phosphorylation of nephrin was significantly decreased by reducing the level of mitophagy or production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cultured podocytes. Our findings suggested that nestin regulated the expression of nephrin through mitophagy and oxidative stress to protect the podocytes from injury in LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexin Tian
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Hebei Medical University, 050017, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Huifang Guo
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 050017, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xinyan Miao
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Hebei Medical University, 050017, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Hebei Medical University, 050017, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ran Yang
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, 050017, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Hebei Medical University, 050017, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jinxi Liu
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Hebei Medical University, 050017, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 050017, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Fan Gao
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Hebei Medical University, 050017, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Hebei Medical University, 050017, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qingjuan Liu
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Hebei Medical University, 050017, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shaoguang Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Medical University, 050017, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Hebei Medical University, 050017, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hongbo Li
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Hebei Medical University, 050017, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Hebei Medical University, 050017, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Cunyang Gu
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Hebei Medical University, 050017, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shuxia Liu
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Hebei Medical University, 050017, Shijiazhuang, China.
| | - Xiaojuan Feng
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Hebei Medical University, 050017, Shijiazhuang, China.
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Almalki DA. Renoprotective Effect of Ocimum Basilicum (Basil) Against Diabetes-induced Renal Affection in Albino Rats. Mater Sociomed 2020; 31:236-240. [PMID: 32082085 PMCID: PMC7007616 DOI: 10.5455/msm.2019.31.236-240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetic nephropathy is the second most common secondary type of glomerular diseases among Saudi patients after systemic lupus erythematosus. Ocimum basilicum (O. basilicum) was reported to have anti-diabetic and antioxidants effects. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of O. basilicum in controlling STZ-induced diabetes mellitus in rats and preserving the structure of kidney against diabetes-induced nephropathy. Methods: This study utilized forty adult male Spraque-Dawley rats assigned into four groups (n=10 each); control, streptozotocin-induced diabetic, metformin-treated and O. Basilicum-treated groups. The blood glucose level (BGL), total anti-oxidant capacity (TAC), serum creatinine and BUN levels were assessed. Kidneys were dissected out and processed for histopathological and immunohistochemical assessment. Results: The BGL significantly decreased in Metformin- and O. basilicum-treated (p=0.02, p=0.01) rats while TAC significantly increased (p=0.01, p=0.003) respectively, compared to the untreated diabetic rats. In addition, O. basilicum significantly reduced (p=0.004, p=0.02) both creatinine and BUN levels compared to the untreated diabetic group, respectively. Examination of kidney of O. basilicum-treated diabetic rats revealed few degenerated renal tubules, with no inflammatory cell infiltrates, peritubular capillaries congestion and minimal peritubular collagen fibers deposition. It also reduced immunoexpression of desmin and αsmooth muscle actin in glomeruli of O. basilicum-treated diabetic rats. Conclusion: Glucose lowering and antioxidant effects of O. basilicum was evident biochemically in this study. O. basilicum could protect the kidney against diabetes-induced nephropathy as revealed biochemically and histopathologically. Further exploration of the mechanism and assessment of efficacy in human through clinical study are recommended.
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Nephrotic syndrome in a dish: recent developments in modeling in vitro. Pediatr Nephrol 2020; 35:1363-1372. [PMID: 30820702 PMCID: PMC7316697 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-019-4203-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Nephrotic syndrome is a heterogeneous disease, and one of the most frequent glomerular disorders among children. Depending on the etiology, it may result in end-stage renal disease and the need for renal replacement therapy. A dysfunctional glomerular filtration barrier, comprising of endothelial cells, the glomerular basement membrane and podocytes, characterizes nephrotic syndrome. Podocytes are often the primary target cells in the pathogenesis, in which not only the podocyte function but also their crosstalk with other glomerular cell types can be disturbed due to a myriad of factors. The pathophysiology of nephrotic syndrome is highly complex and studying molecular mechanisms in vitro requires state-of-the-art cell-based models resembling the in vivo situation and preferably a fully functional glomerular filtration barrier. Current advances in stem cell biology and microfluidic platforms have heralded a new era of three-dimensional (3D) cultures that might have the potential to recapitulate the glomerular filtration barrier in vitro. Here, we highlight the molecular basis of nephrotic syndrome and discuss requirements to accurately study nephrotic syndrome in vitro, including an overview of specific podocyte markers, cutting-edge stem cell organoids, and the implementation of microfluidic platforms. The development of (patho) physiologically relevant glomerular models will accelerate the identification of molecular targets involved in nephrotic syndrome and may be the harbinger of a new era of therapeutic avenues.
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20
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Andrianova NV, Buyan MI, Zorova LD, Pevzner IB, Popkov VA, Babenko VA, Silachev DN, Plotnikov EY, Zorov DB. Kidney Cells Regeneration: Dedifferentiation of Tubular Epithelium, Resident Stem Cells and Possible Niches for Renal Progenitors. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20246326. [PMID: 31847447 PMCID: PMC6941132 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A kidney is an organ with relatively low basal cellular regenerative potential. However, renal cells have a pronounced ability to proliferate after injury, which undermines that the kidney cells are able to regenerate under induced conditions. The majority of studies explain yielded regeneration either by the dedifferentiation of the mature tubular epithelium or by the presence of a resident pool of progenitor cells in the kidney tissue. Whether cells responsible for the regeneration of the kidney initially have progenitor properties or if they obtain a “progenitor phenotype” during dedifferentiation after an injury, still stays the open question. The major stumbling block in resolving the issue is the lack of specific methods for distinguishing between dedifferentiated cells and resident progenitor cells. Transgenic animals, single-cell transcriptomics, and other recent approaches could be powerful tools to solve this problem. This review examines the main mechanisms of kidney regeneration: dedifferentiation of epithelial cells and activation of progenitor cells with special attention to potential niches of kidney progenitor cells. We attempted to give a detailed description of the most controversial topics in this field and ways to resolve these issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezda V. Andrianova
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina I. Buyan
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ljubava D. Zorova
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina B. Pevzner
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vasily A. Popkov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Valentina A. Babenko
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Denis N. Silachev
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Egor Y. Plotnikov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (E.Y.P.); (D.B.Z.); Tel.: +7-495-939-5944 (E.Y.P.)
| | - Dmitry B. Zorov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (E.Y.P.); (D.B.Z.); Tel.: +7-495-939-5944 (E.Y.P.)
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21
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Zhang J, Bi R, Meng Q, Wang C, Huo X, Liu Z, Wang C, Sun P, Sun H, Ma X, Wu J, Liu K. Catalpol alleviates adriamycin-induced nephropathy by activating the SIRT1 signalling pathway in vivo and in vitro. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:4558-4573. [PMID: 31378931 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Catalpol, a water-soluble active ingredient isolated from Rehmannia glutinosa, exhibits multiple pharmacological activities. However, the mechanism(s) underlying protection against renal injury by catalpol remains unknown. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Adriamycin-induced kidney injury models associated with podocyte damage were employed to investigate the nephroprotective effects of catalpol. In vivo, TUNEL and haematoxylin-eosin staining was used to evaluate the effect of catalpol on kidney injury in mice. In vitro, effects of catalpol on podocyte damage induced by adriamycin was determined by elisa kit, flow cytometry, Hoechst 33342, and TUNEL staining. The mechanism was investigated by siRNA, EX527, and docking simulations. KEY RESULTS In vivo, catalpol treatment significantly improved adriamycin-induced kidney pathological changes and decreased the number of apoptotic cells. In vitro, catalpol markedly decreased the intracellular accumulation of adriamycin and reduced the calcium ion level in podocytes and then attenuated apoptosis. Importantly, the regulatory effects of catalpol on sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2), and the TRPC6 channel were mostly abolished after incubation with SIRT1 siRNA or the SIRT1-specific inhibitor EX527. Furthermore, docking simulations showed that catalpol efficiently oriented itself in the active site of SIRT1, indicating a higher total binding affinity score than that of other SIRT1 activators, such as resveratrol, SRT2104, and quercetin. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Taken together, our results suggest that catalpol exhibits strong protective effects against adriamycin-induced nephropathy by inducing SIRT1-mediated inhibition of TRPC6 expression and enhancing MRP2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangnan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Ran Bi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Qiang Meng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, Liaoning Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Changyuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, Liaoning Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaokui Huo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, Liaoning Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, Liaoning Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, Liaoning Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Pengyuan Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, Liaoning Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Huijun Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, Liaoning Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, Liaoning Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, Liaoning Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Kexin Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacokinetics and Transport, Liaoning Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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22
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Zhou D, Fu H, Han Y, Zhang L, Liu S, Lin L, Stolz DB, Liu Y. Sonic hedgehog connects podocyte injury to mesangial activation and glomerulosclerosis. JCI Insight 2019; 4:130515. [PMID: 31647783 PMCID: PMC6948867 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.130515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Glomerular disease is characterized by proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis, two pathologic features caused by podocyte injury and mesangial cell activation, respectively. However, whether these two events are linked remains elusive. Here, we report that sonic hedgehog (Shh) is the mediator that connects podocyte damage to mesangial activation and glomerulosclerosis. Shh was induced in glomerular podocytes in various models of proteinuric chronic kidney diseases (CKD). However, mesangial cells in the glomeruli, but not podocytes, responded to hedgehog ligand. In vitro, Shh was induced in podocytes after injury and selectively promoted mesangial cell activation and proliferation. In a miniorgan culture of isolated glomeruli, Shh promoted mesangial activation but did not affect the integrity of podocytes. Podocyte-specific ablation of Shh in vivo exhibited no effect on proteinuria after adriamycin injection but hampered mesangial activation and glomerulosclerosis. Consistently, pharmacologic blockade of Shh signaling decoupled proteinuria from glomerulosclerosis. In humans, Shh was upregulated in glomerular podocytes in patients with CKD and its circulating level was associated with glomerulosclerosis but not proteinuria. These studies demonstrate that Shh mechanistically links podocyte injury to mesangial activation in the pathogenesis of glomerular diseases. Our findings also illustrate a crucial role for podocyte-mesangial communication in connecting proteinuria to glomerulosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zhou
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Haiyan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Han
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Shijia Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Donna B. Stolz
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Youhua Liu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Yu Q, Zhang M, Qian L, Wen D, Wu G. Luteolin attenuates high glucose-induced podocyte injury via suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Life Sci 2019; 225:1-7. [PMID: 30935950 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.03.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Diabetic nephropathy is a growing health concern, which is reported to be associated with inflammation. Luteolin has been explored for the treatment of some diabetic complications. Although several studies have verified the effect of luteolin on diabetic nephropathy, the mechanism by which the therapeutic effects of luteolin on diabetic nephropathy has not been established. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of luteolin on diabetic nephropathy and its underlying mechanism. MAIN METHODS We used western blot, Real-time PCR, immunofluorescence and flow cytometry to analyze the effects of luteolin on podocyte injury and NOD-like receptor family and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation in high glucose (HG) condition. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was measured by flow cytometry and malondialdehyde (MDA) level. To investigate the potential mechanism, we examined cell apoptosis upon transfection of siNLRP3. KEY FINDINGS We showed that luteolin treatment could protect podocyte against HG-induced cell apoptotic and mitochondrial membrane potential collapse. In addition, luteolin significantly reduced NLRP3 inflammasome formation and subsequent interleukin-1β (IL-1β) secretion in HG-induced MPC-5 cells. Interestingly, siNLRP3 abolished the effect of luteolin on cell apoptosis, suggesting that the anti-apoptotic effect was found to be mostly related to NLRP3 inflammasome. SIGNIFICANCE In summary, our data demonstrated the abilities of luteolin to inhibit podocyte injury and NLRP3 inflammasome activation, which could be used in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China
| | - Minda Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Physiology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China
| | - Lifen Qian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China
| | - Dan Wen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China
| | - Guanzhong Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China.
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24
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Frazier KS, Ryan AM, Peterson RA, Obert LA. Kidney Pathology and Investigative Nephrotoxicology Strategies Across Species. Semin Nephrol 2019; 39:190-201. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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25
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Wnt/β-catenin links oxidative stress to podocyte injury and proteinuria. Kidney Int 2019; 95:830-845. [PMID: 30770219 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Podocyte injury is the major cause of proteinuria in primary glomerular diseases. Oxidative stress has long been thought to play a role in triggering podocyte damage; however, the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Here we show that the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is involved in mediating oxidative stress-induced podocyte dysfunction. Advanced oxidation protein products, a marker and trigger of oxidative stress, were increased in the serum of patients with chronic kidney disease and correlated with impaired glomerular filtration, proteinuria, and circulating level of Wnt1. Both serum from patients with chronic kidney disease and exogenous advanced oxidation protein products induced Wnt1 and Wnt7a expression, activated β-catenin, and reduced expression of podocyte-specific markers in vitro and in vivo. Blockade of Wnt signaling by Klotho or knockdown of β-catenin by shRNA in podocytes abolished β-catenin activation and the upregulation of fibronectin, desmin, matrix metalloproteinase-9, and Snail1 triggered by advanced oxidation protein products. Furthermore, conditional knockout mice with podocyte-specific ablation of β-catenin were protected against podocyte injury and albuminuria after treatment with advanced oxidation protein products. The action of Wnt/β-catenin was dependent on the receptor of advanced glycation end products (RAGE)-mediated NADPH oxidase induction, reactive oxygen species generation, and nuclear factor-κB activation. These studies uncover a novel mechanistic linkage of oxidative stress, Wnt/β-catenin activation, and podocyte dysfunction.
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26
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Ren W, Yi H, Bao Y, Liu Y, Gao X. Oestrogen inhibits PTPRO to prevent the apoptosis of renal podocytes. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:2373-2380. [PMID: 30783489 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Podocytes are a major component of the glomerular filtration membrane, and their apoptosis is involved in a variety of nephrotic syndromes. In the current study, the effects and molecular mechanisms of oestrogen on the proliferation and apoptosis of podocytes were investigated to elucidate the role of oestrogen in the pathogenesis of childhood nephrotic syndrome. The cell proliferation of mouse renal podocytes (MPC-5) and human primary renal podocytes was promoted by 17β-oestradiol (E2) in what appear to be a time-dependent manner. Apoptosis was inhibited by E2 and promoted by the E2 antagonist, tamoxifen. The expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O (PTPRO) decreased with the increasing dosage of E2, but increased with the increasing dosage tamoxifen in MPC-5 and human podocytes. The protein, oestrogen receptor (ER)α, was not expressed in MPC-5 and human podocytes. E2 binding to ERβ completely eliminated PTPRO expression in MPC-5. In podocytes, PTPRO was phosphorylated by E2 at the Y1007 and associated with tyrosine-protein kinase JAK2 (JAK2) activation, rather than JAK1 activation. PTPRO was involved in the binding of E2 to signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 at the Y705 and S727 sites, resulting in the phosphorylation of STAT3 in podocytes. Through PTPRO, E2 also regulated the proliferation and apoptosis of podocytes. In conclusion, oestrogen binding to ERβ, rather than ERα, promoted the proliferation of podocytes and inhibited the apoptosis of podocytes by inhibiting the expression of PTPRO. The mechanism may be associated with the activation of the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway. The current study may provide a novel direction for the treatment of childhood nephrotic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ren
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710003, P.R. China
| | - Huiru Yi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710003, P.R. China
| | - Ying Bao
- Department of Nephrology, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710003, P.R. China
| | - Yingru Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710003, P.R. China
| | - Xinru Gao
- Department of Medical Ultrasound Center, The Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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27
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Knockdown of TLR4 attenuates high glucose-induced podocyte injury via the NALP3/ASC/Caspase-1 signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:1393-1401. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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28
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Tiaolipiwei Acupuncture Reduces Albuminuria by Alleviating Podocyte Lesions in a Rat Model of Diabetic Nephropathy. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:1913691. [PMID: 29849693 PMCID: PMC5937557 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1913691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Background Diabetic nephropathy is a common and serious complication of diabetes and a major cause of end-stage renal disease. Tiaolipiwei acupuncture is a safe treatment approach that may be effective for lowering albuminuria in diabetic nephropathy. Yet, the exact mechanisms of this therapeutic effect are unclear. Methods A rodent model of type 2 diabetic nephropathy (T2DN) was induced by a high-fat diet combined with low-dose streptozotocin. T2DN rats were treated with Tiaolipiwei acupuncture (ACU) for 4, 8, or 12 weeks. At the end of treatment, urinary and blood samples were collected for analysis. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe morphological changes, and protein expression levels of nephrin, CD2AP, podocalyxin, and desmin were quantified in renal tissue. Results Compared to the T2DN groups, the T2DN + ACU groups showed significant improvements in 24-hour urinary protein, serum urea, cholesterol, and triglycerides at all time points. ACU treatment also improved the density of slit diaphragms. Simultaneously, ACU promoted the renal expression of nephrin, CD2AP, and podocalyxin and decreased the expression of desmin. Conclusion Our study suggests that Tiaolipiwei acupuncture ameliorates podocyte lesions to reduce albuminuria and prevent the progression of T2DN in a rat model.
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29
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Peng LQ, Zhao H, Liu S, Yuan YP, Yuan CY, Mwamunyi MJ, Pearce D, Yao LJ. Lack of serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 3 leads to podocyte dysfunction. FASEB J 2018; 32:576-587. [PMID: 28935820 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700393rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 3 (SGK3) is a downstream mediator of PI3K, which is essential for maintaining the functional integrity of podocytes. However, little is known about the role of SGK3 in podocyte function. Herein, we demonstrated that SGK3 contributes to the maintenance of podocyte integrity. Conditionally immortalized mouse podocyte cells (MPCs) were treated with puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN). PAN treatment inhibited the activity of SGK3 and the expression of podocin. Short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated knockdown of SGK3 also reduced podocin expression in the absence of PAN. Adriamycin (ADR)-treated mice developed proteinuria and had decreased renal glomerular SGK3 expression in comparison to control mice. Consistent with a role for SGK3 in the ADR effect, SGK3 knockout (KO) mice had markedly reduced kidney podocin expression and significantly elevated proteinuria compared with wild-type mice. Electron microscopy revealed that SGK3 KO mice displayed partial effacement of podocyte foot processes. Further, a SGK3 target protein, glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3), was discovered to be dramatically activated in PAN and SGK3 shRNA-treated MPCs and in SGK3 KO mice. Taken together, these data strongly suggest that SGK3 plays a significant role in regulating podocyte function, likely by controlling the expression and activity of GSK3.-Peng, L.-Q., Zhao, H., Liu, S., Yuan, Y.-P., Yuan, C.-Y., Mwamunyi, M.-J., Pearce, D., Yao, L.-J. Lack of serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 3 leads to podocyte dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Qin Peng
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Zhao
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya-Pei Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng-Yan Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mercy-Julian Mwamunyi
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - David Pearce
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Li-Jun Yao
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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30
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Gao F, He X, Liang S, Liu S, Liu H, He Q, Chen L, Jiang H, Zhang Y. Quercetin ameliorates podocyte injury via inhibition of oxidative stress and the TGF-β1/Smad pathway in DN rats. RSC Adv 2018; 8:35413-35421. [PMID: 35547920 PMCID: PMC9087986 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra07935h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This is the first study to demonstrate that quercetin ameliorates podocyte injury via inhibition of the TGF-β1/Smad pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanfan Gao
- Dialysis Department of Nephrology Hospital
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710061
- China
| | - Xin He
- Dialysis Department of Nephrology Hospital
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710061
- China
| | - Shanshan Liang
- Dialysis Department of Nephrology Hospital
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710061
- China
| | - Sixiu Liu
- Dialysis Department of Nephrology Hospital
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710061
- China
| | - Hua Liu
- Dialysis Department of Nephrology Hospital
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710061
- China
| | - Quan He
- Dialysis Department of Nephrology Hospital
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710061
- China
| | - Lei Chen
- Dialysis Department of Nephrology Hospital
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710061
- China
| | - Hongli Jiang
- Dialysis Department of Nephrology Hospital
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710061
- China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Department of Nephrology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710061
- China
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31
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Chang YP, Sun B, Han Z, Han F, Hu SL, Li XY, Xue M, Yang Y, Chen L, Li CJ, Chen LM. Saxagliptin Attenuates Albuminuria by Inhibiting Podocyte Epithelial- to-Mesenchymal Transition via SDF-1α in Diabetic Nephropathy. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:780. [PMID: 29163166 PMCID: PMC5672017 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor saxagliptin has been found to reduce progressive albuminuria, but the exact mechanism of inhibition is unclear. Podocyte epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has emerged as a potential pathway leading to proteinuria in diabetic nephropathy (DN). Stromal cell–derived factor-1α (SDF-1α), one of the substrates of DPP-4, can activate the protein kinase A pathway and subsequently inhibit its downstream effector, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), which induces podocyte EMT. Thus, this study was designed to test the hypothesis that saxagliptin reduces progressive albuminuria by preventing podocyte EMT through inhibition of SDF-1α cleavage in DN. The results of a series of assays, including ELISA, western blotting, and immunochemistry/immunofluorescence, showed that saxagliptin treatment obviously ameliorated urinary microalbumin excretion and renal histological changes in high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Furthermore, saxagliptin-treated diabetic rats presented with suppression of DPP-4 activity/protein expression accompanied by restoration of SDF-1α levels, which subsequently hindered NOX2 expression and podocyte EMT. In vitro, we consistently observed that saxagliptin significantly inhibited increased DPP-4 activity/expression, oxidative stress and podocyte EMT. Application of an SDF-1α receptor inhibitor (AMD3100) to cultured podocytes further confirmed the essential role of SDF-1α in podocyte EMT inhibition. In sum, we demonstrated for the first time that saxagliptin treatment plays an essential role in ameliorating progressive DN by preventing podocyte EMT through a SDF-1α-related pathway, suggesting that saxagliptin could offer renoprotection and that SDF-1α might be a potential therapeutic target for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Peng Chang
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhe Han
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fei Han
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shao-Lan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Li
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mei Xue
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Chen
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chun-Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Li-Ming Chen
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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32
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Karanovic D, Grujic-Milanovic J, Miloradovic Z, Ivanov M, Jovovic D, Vajic UJ, Cirovic S, Markovic-Lipkovski J, Mihailovic-Stanojevic N. Effects of Losartan, Tempol, and Their Combination On Renal Nitric Oxide Synthases in the Animal Model of Chronic Kidney Disease. ACTA VET-BEOGRAD 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/acve-2017-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Down-regulation of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and NO deficiency in the kidneys have been implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD). In this study we examined the effects of losartan, tempol, and combined treatment on three NOS isoforms expressions, kidney NO content and NOS correlation with renal function and structure in the early stage of adriamycin (ADR)-induced CKD in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Rats were divided into control group, and four other groups which were treated with ADR and received vehicle, losartan (L, angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker), tempol (T, redox-cycling nitroxide) or T+L treatment (by gavage) in a six-week study. Reduction of all NOS isoforms expressions were significantly improved by losartan or tempol, and correlated with proteinuria amelioration. Combined treatment induced down-regulation of constitutive NOS isoforms, whilst inducible NOS was up-regulated and followed by increased nitrite content and a significant decline in the glomerular filtration rate. Losartan or tempol prevented ADR-induced neoexpression of vimentin in the glomeruli and tubulointerstital areas, whereas de novo vimentin expression was still observed in the atrophic tubules and in the interstitial fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in combined treatment. It can be concluded that single treatments, contrary to combined, were effective in improving NO bioavailability and slowing down the progression of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danijela Karanovic
- Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade , Serbia
| | | | - Zoran Miloradovic
- Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Milan Ivanov
- Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Djurdjica Jovovic
- Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Una-Jovana Vajic
- Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Sanja Cirovic
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade , Serbia
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33
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Abstract
Podocytes exhibit a unique cytoskeletal architecture that is fundamentally linked to their function in maintaining the kidney filtration barrier. The cytoskeleton regulates podocyte shape, structure, stability, slit diaphragm insertion, adhesion, plasticity, and dynamic response to environmental stimuli. Genetic mutations demonstrate that even slight impairment of the podocyte cytoskeletal apparatus results in proteinuria and glomerular disease. Moreover, mechanisms underpinning all acquired glomerular pathologies converge on disruption of the cytoskeleton, suggesting that this subcellular structure could be targeted for therapeutic purposes. This review summarizes our current understanding of the function of the cytoskeleton in podocytes and the associated implications for pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Schell
- Institute of Surgical Pathology and.,Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tobias B Huber
- Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; .,III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; and.,BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies and Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany
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34
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Hu M, Wang R, Li X, Fan M, Lin J, Zhen J, Chen L, Lv Z. LncRNA MALAT1 is dysregulated in diabetic nephropathy and involved in high glucose-induced podocyte injury via its interplay with β-catenin. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 21:2732-2747. [PMID: 28444861 PMCID: PMC5661111 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1(MALAT1) is a long non-coding RNA, broadly expressed in mammalian tissues including kidney and up-regulated in a variety of cancer cells. To date, its functions in podocytes are largely unknown. β-catenin is a key mediator in the canonical and non-canonical Wnt signalling pathway; its aberrant expression promotes podocyte malfunction and albuminuria, and contributes to kidney fibrosis. In this study, we found that MALAT1 levels were increased in kidney cortices from C57BL/6 mice with streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic nephropathy, and dynamically regulated in cultured mouse podocytes stimulated with high glucose, which showed a trend from rise to decline. The decline of MALAT1 levels was accompanied with β-catenin translocation to the nuclei and enhanced expression of serine/arginine splicing factor 1 (SRSF1), a MALAT1 RNA-binding protein. Further we showed early interference with MALAT1 siRNA partially restored podocytes function and prohibited β-catenin nuclear accumulation and SRSF1 overexpression. Intriguingly, we showed that β-catenin was involved in MALAT1 transcription by binding to the promotor region of MALAT1; β-catenin knock-down also decreased MALAT1 levels, suggesting a novel feedback regulation between MALAT1 and β-catenin. Notably, β-catenin deletion had limited effects on SRSF1 expression, demonstrating β-catenin might serve as a downstream signal of SRSF1. These findings provided evidence for a pivotal role of MALAT1 in diabetic nephropathy and high glucose-induced podocyte damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengsi Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaobing Li
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Minghua Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiangong Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Junhui Zhen
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Liqun Chen
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhimei Lv
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
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35
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Histamine type 1-receptor activation by low dose of histamine undermines human glomerular slit diaphragm integrity. Pharmacol Res 2016; 114:27-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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36
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Hu M, Fan M, Zhen J, Lin J, Wang Q, Lv Z, Wang R. FAK contributes to proteinuria in hypercholesterolaemic rats and modulates podocyte F-actin re-organization via activating p38 in response to ox-LDL. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 21:552-567. [PMID: 27704688 PMCID: PMC5323874 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase that regulates cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. In the present study, a rat model of high fat diet-induced hypercholesterolaemia was established to investigate the involvement of FAK in lipid disorder-related kidney diseases. We showed focal fusion of podocyte foot process that occurred at as early as 4 weeks in rats consuming high fat diet, preceding the onset of proteinuria when aberrant phosphorylation of FAK was found. These abnormalities were ameliorated by dietary intervention of TAE226, a reported inhibitor of FAK. FAK is also an adaptor protein initiating cascades of intracellular signals including c-Src, Rho GTPase and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). P38 MAPK belongs to the latter and is centrally involved in kidney diseases. Our cell culture data revealed oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) triggered hyper-phosphorylation of FAK and p38, ectopic expression of cellular markers (manifested as decreased WT1, podocin and NEPH1, and increased vimentin and mmp9), and re-arrangement of F-actin filaments with enhanced cell motility; these mutations were significantly rectified by FAK shRNA. Notably, pre-treatment of p38 inhibitor did not alter FAK activation, albeit its deletion of p38 hyper-activity and attenuation of cellular abnormalities, demonstrating that p38 acted as a downstream effector of FAK signalling and ox-LDL damaged podocytes in a FAK/p38-dependent manner. This was further identified by animal data that p38 activation was also abrogated by TAE226 treatment in hypercholesterolaemic rats, suggesting that FAK/p38 axis might also be involved in in vivo events. These findings provided a potential early mechanism of hypercholesterolaemia-related podocyte damage and proteinuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengsi Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Minghua Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Junhui Zhen
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiangong Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhimei Lv
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
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37
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Karanovic D, Grujic-Milanovic J, Miloradovic Z, Ivanov M, Jovovic D, Vajic UJ, Zivotic M, Markovic-Lipkovski J, Mihailovic-Stanojevic N. Effects of Single and Combined Losartan and Tempol Treatments on Oxidative Stress, Kidney Structure and Function in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats with Early Course of Proteinuric Nephropathy. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161706. [PMID: 27560781 PMCID: PMC4999198 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been widely implicated in both hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Hypertension is a major risk factor for CKD progression. In the present study we have investigated the effects of chronic single tempol (membrane-permeable radical scavenger) or losartan (angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker) treatment, and their combination on systemic oxidative status (plasma thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (pTBARS) production, plasma antioxidant capacity (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid, pABTS), erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes activities) and kidney oxidative stress (kTBARS, kABTS, kidney antioxidant enzymes activities), kidney function and structure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with the early course of adriamycin-induced nephropathy. Adult SHR were divided into five groups. The control group received vehicle, while the other groups received adriamycin (2 mg/kg, i.v.) twice in a 21-day interval, followed by vehicle, losartan (L,10 mg/kg/day), tempol (T,100 mg/kg/day) or combined T+L treatment (by gavage) during a six-week period. Adriamycin significantly increased proteinuria, plasma lipid peroxidation, kidney protein oxidation, nitrite excretion, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) protein expression and nestin immunostaining in the kidney. Also, it decreased kidney antioxidant defense, kidney NADPH oxidase 4 (kNox4) protein expression and abolished anti-inflammatory response due to significant reduction of kidney NADPH oxidase 2 (kNox2) protein expression in SHR. All treatments reduced protein-to-creatinine ratio (marker of proteinuria), pTBARS production, kidney protein carbonylation, nitrite excretion, increased antioxidant capacity and restored kidney nestin expression similar to control. Both single treatments significantly improved systemic and kidney antioxidant defense, bioavailability of renal nitric oxide, reduced kMMP-1 protein expression and renal injury, thus retarded CKD progression. Losartan improved blood pressure, as well as tubular injury and restored anti-inflammatory defense by reverting kNox2 expression to the control level. Interestingly, tempol was more successful in reducing systemic oxidative stress, proteinuria, kMMP-1 and glomerulosclerosis. However, combined treatment failed to overcome the beneficial effects of single treatments in slowing down the progression of ADR-induced nephropathy in SHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danijela Karanovic
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, 11129, Belgrade, Serbia
- * E-mail:
| | - Jelica Grujic-Milanovic
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, 11129, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran Miloradovic
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, 11129, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan Ivanov
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, 11129, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Djurdjica Jovovic
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, 11129, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Una-Jovana Vajic
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, 11129, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maja Zivotic
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Nevena Mihailovic-Stanojevic
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, 11129, Belgrade, Serbia
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38
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Huang G, Lv J, Li T, Huai G, Li X, Xiang S, Wang L, Qin Z, Pang J, Zou B, Wang Y. Notoginsenoside R1 ameliorates podocyte injury in rats with diabetic nephropathy by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 2016; 38:1179-89. [PMID: 27571993 PMCID: PMC5029967 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to examine the protective effect of notoginsenoside R1 (NR1) on podocytes in a rat model of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic nephropathy (DN), and to explore the mechanism responsible for NR1-induced renal protection. Diabetes was induced by a single injection of STZ, and NR1 was administered daily at a dose of 5 mg/kg (low dose), 10 mg/kg (medium) and 20 mg/kg (high) for 16 weeks in Sprague-Dawley rats. Blood glucose levels, body weight and proteinuria were measured every 4 weeks, starting on the day that the rats received NR1. Furthermore, on the day of sacrifice, blood, urine and kidneys were collected in order to assess renal function according to general parameters. Pathological staining was performed to evaluate the renal protective effect of NR1, and the expression of the key slit diaphragm proteins, namely neprhin, podocin and desmin, were evaluated. In addition, the serum levels of inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), tumor growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6] as well as an anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) were assessed, and the apoptosis of podocytes was quantified. Finally, the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway and the involvement of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) inactivation was further analyzed. In this study, NR1 improved renal function by ameliorating histological alterations, increasing the expression of nephrin and podocin, decreasing the expression of desmin, and inhibiting both the inflammatory response as well as the apoptosis of podocytes. Furthermore, NR1 treatment increased the phosphorylation of both PI3K (p85) and Akt, indicating that activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was involved. Moreover, NR1 treatment decreased the phosphorylation of NF-κB (p65), suggesting the downregulation of NF-κB. This is the first study to the best of our knowledge, to clearly demonstrate that NR1 treatment ameliorates podocyte injury by inhibiting both inflammation and apoptosis through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Huang
- Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530011, P.R. China
| | - Jianzhen Lv
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530001, P.R. China
| | - Tongyu Li
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530001, P.R. China
| | - Guoli Huai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical School of the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical School of the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, P.R. China
| | - Shaowei Xiang
- Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530011, P.R. China
| | - Longlong Wang
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530001, P.R. China
| | - Zhenlin Qin
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530001, P.R. China
| | - Jianli Pang
- Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530011, P.R. China
| | - Bingyu Zou
- Department of Gynecology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
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39
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Kato T, Mizuguchi N, Ito A. Characteristics of podocyte injury in malignant hypertensive nephropathy of rats (MSHRSP/Kpo strain). Biomed Res 2016; 36:313-21. [PMID: 26522148 DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.36.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Proteinuria is not only a hallmark of renal complication in malignant hypertension, but is also a major deteriorating factor for the progression to end-stage renal disease. Podocyte injury plays a crucial role in the renal damage associated with hypertensive nephropathy, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Malignant stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (MSHRSP/Kpo) represent an original and useful model of human malignant hypertension. In this study, we disclosed the glomerular injuries in the MSHRSP/Kpo. MSHRSP/Kpo exhibited elevated blood pressure at 6 weeks along with renal dysfunction and proteinuria. Histological analysis of the MSHRSP/Kpo glomeruli revealed a severe atrophy, but no change was found in the podocyte number. The expression levels of podocyte-specific proteins, nephrin, podocin, and synaptopodin were decreased in the MSHRSP/Kpo glomeruli, though another podocyte-specific protein, CD2AP, in the MSHRSP/Kpo glomeruli exhibited a similar extent of staining as in normotensive WKY/Kpo rats. Furthermore, desmin was not markedly detected in the WKY/Kpo glomeruli, but was strongly positive in MSHRSP/Kpo. By electron microscopy, well-formed foot processes (FP) were replaced by effacement in MSHRSP/Kpo. An original malignant hypertension strain MSHRSP/Kpo exhibits podocyte injuries associated with the decrease of some podocyte-specific proteins and the upregulation of desmin, along with FP effacement and proteinuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kato
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kinki University
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40
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Ossoli A, Neufeld EB, Thacker SG, Vaisman B, Pryor M, Freeman LA, Brantner CA, Baranova I, Francone NO, Demosky SJ, Vitali C, Locatelli M, Abbate M, Zoja C, Franceschini G, Calabresi L, Remaley AT. Lipoprotein X Causes Renal Disease in LCAT Deficiency. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150083. [PMID: 26919698 PMCID: PMC4769176 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Human familial lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency (FLD) is characterized by low HDL, accumulation of an abnormal cholesterol-rich multilamellar particle called lipoprotein-X (LpX) in plasma, and renal disease. The aim of our study was to determine if LpX is nephrotoxic and to gain insight into the pathogenesis of FLD renal disease. We administered a synthetic LpX, nearly identical to endogenous LpX in its physical, chemical and biologic characteristics, to wild-type and Lcat-/- mice. Our in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated an apoA-I and LCAT-dependent pathway for LpX conversion to HDL-like particles, which likely mediates normal plasma clearance of LpX. Plasma clearance of exogenous LpX was markedly delayed in Lcat-/- mice, which have low HDL, but only minimal amounts of endogenous LpX and do not spontaneously develop renal disease. Chronically administered exogenous LpX deposited in all renal glomerular cellular and matrical compartments of Lcat-/- mice, and induced proteinuria and nephrotoxic gene changes, as well as all of the hallmarks of FLD renal disease as assessed by histological, TEM, and SEM analyses. Extensive in vivo EM studies revealed LpX uptake by macropinocytosis into mouse glomerular endothelial cells, podocytes, and mesangial cells and delivery to lysosomes where it was degraded. Endocytosed LpX appeared to be degraded by both human podocyte and mesangial cell lysosomal PLA2 and induced podocyte secretion of pro-inflammatory IL-6 in vitro and renal Cxl10 expression in Lcat-/- mice. In conclusion, LpX is a nephrotoxic particle that in the absence of Lcat induces all of the histological and functional hallmarks of FLD and hence may serve as a biomarker for monitoring recombinant LCAT therapy. In addition, our studies suggest that LpX-induced loss of endothelial barrier function and release of cytokines by renal glomerular cells likely plays a role in the initiation and progression of FLD nephrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Ossoli
- Centro Grossi Paoletti, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Edward B. Neufeld
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Seth G. Thacker
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Boris Vaisman
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Milton Pryor
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lita A. Freeman
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Christine A. Brantner
- NHLBI Electron Microscopy Core Facility, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Irina Baranova
- Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Nicolás O. Francone
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Stephen J. Demosky
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Cecilia Vitali
- Centro Grossi Paoletti, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Monica Locatelli
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Mauro Abbate
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Carlamaria Zoja
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Guido Franceschini
- Centro Grossi Paoletti, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Calabresi
- Centro Grossi Paoletti, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Alan T. Remaley
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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Lv Z, Hu M, Ren X, Fan M, Zhen J, Chen L, Lin J, Ding N, Wang Q, Wang R. Fyn Mediates High Glucose-Induced Actin Cytoskeleton Reorganization of Podocytes via Promoting ROCK Activation In Vitro. J Diabetes Res 2016; 2016:5671803. [PMID: 26881253 PMCID: PMC4736797 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5671803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fyn, a member of the Src family of tyrosine kinases, is a key regulator in cytoskeletal remodeling in a variety of cell types. Recent studies have demonstrated that Fyn is responsible for nephrin tyrosine phosphorylation, which will result in polymerization of actin filaments and podocyte damage. Thus detailed involvement of Fyn in podocytes is to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated the potential role of Fyn/ROCK signaling and its interactions with paxillin. Our results presented that high glucose led to filamentous actin (F-actin) rearrangement in podocytes, accompanied by paxillin phosphorylation and increased cell motility, during which Fyn and ROCK were markedly activated. Gene knockdown of Fyn by siRNA showed a reversal effect on high glucose-induced podocyte damage and ROCK activation; however, inhibition of ROCK had no significant effects on Fyn phosphorylation. These observations demonstrate that in vitro Fyn mediates high glucose-induced actin cytoskeleton remodeling of podocytes via promoting ROCK activation and paxillin phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimei Lv
- Department of Nephrology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Mengsi Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Xiaoxu Ren
- Department of Nephrology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Minghua Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Junhui Zhen
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Liqun Chen
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Jiangong Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Nannan Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
- *Rong Wang:
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Semiautomated quantitative image analysis of glomerular immunohistochemistry markers desmin, vimentin, podocin, synaptopodin and WT-1 in acute and chronic rat kidney disease models. Histochem Cell Biol 2015; 145:315-26. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-015-1391-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Tochitani T, Mori M, Matsuda K, Kouchi M, Fujii Y, Matsumoto I. Histopathological characteristics of renal changes in human renin-angiotensinogen double transgenic rats. J Toxicol Pathol 2015; 29:125-9. [PMID: 27182118 PMCID: PMC4866003 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2015-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The human renin-angiotensinogen double transgenic rat (dTGR) is a model of hypertension. The aim of this short report was to describe the histopathological characteristics of the renal changes in this rat strain in detail. Seven to nine-week-old male dTGRs were euthanized, and their kidneys were histopathologically examined. At the time of sacrifice, the average systolic blood pressure of the dTGRs was 258 mmHg, while that of age-matched, normal Sprague-Dawley rats was 135 mmHg. In the kidney, histopathological changes were observed mainly in blood vessels, tubules and glomeruli. In blood vessels, changes including medial hypertrophy, intimal thickening, hyaline change and/or fibrinoid necrosis were observed in arteries and arterioles. In tubules, changes including tubular basophilia were observed radially, mainly around interlobular arteries with lesions. In glomeruli, changes including hyaline droplet accumulation in podocytes, which was accompanied by increased expression of desmin, were observed. These changes were similar to those reported in other hypertension models, such as the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). We hope that this short report will be helpful in histopathological examination of renal changes in this or other hypertension models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Tochitani
- Preclinical Research Laboratories, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., 3-1-98 Kasugade-naka, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-0022, Japan
| | - Masaya Mori
- Drug Development Research Laboratories, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., 3-1-98 Kasugade-naka, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-0022, Japan
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Innovative Drug Discovery Laboratories, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., 3-1-98 Kasugade-naka, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-0022, Japan
| | - Mami Kouchi
- Preclinical Research Laboratories, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., 3-1-98 Kasugade-naka, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-0022, Japan
| | - Yuta Fujii
- Preclinical Research Laboratories, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., 3-1-98 Kasugade-naka, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-0022, Japan
| | - Izumi Matsumoto
- Preclinical Research Laboratories, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., 3-1-98 Kasugade-naka, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-0022, Japan
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Wang J, Lin G, Alwaal A, Zhang X, Wang G, Jia X, Banie L, Villalta J, Lin CS, Lue TF. Kinetics of Label Retaining Cells in the Developing Rat Kidneys. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144734. [PMID: 26650841 PMCID: PMC4674088 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The kidney is a specialized low-regenerative organ with several different types of cellular lineages. The BrdU label-retaining cell (LRCs) approach has been used as part of a strategy to identify tissue-specific stem cells in the kidney; however, because the complementary base pairing in double-stranded DNA blocks the access of the anti-BrdU antibody to BrdU subunits, the stem cell marker expression in BrdU-labeled cells are often difficult to detect. In this study, we introduced a new cell labeling and detection method in which BrdU was replaced with 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine (EdU) and examined the time-dependent dynamic changes of EdU-labeled cells and potential stem/progenitor markers in the development of kidney. Methods Newborn rats were intraperitoneally injected with EdU, and their kidneys were harvested respectively at different time points at 1 day, 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, and 6 weeks post-injection. The kidney tissues were processed for EdU and cellular markers by immunofluorescence staining. Results At the early stage, LRCs labeled by EdU were 2176.0 ± 355.6 cells at day one in each renal tissue section, but dropped to 168 ± 48.4 cells by week 6. As time increased, the numbers of LRCs were differentially expressed in the renal cortex and papilla. At the postnatal day one, nearly twice as many cells in the cortex were EdU-labeled as compared to the papilla (28.6 ± 3.6% vs. 15.6 ± 3.4%, P<0.05), while there were more LRCs within the renal papilla since the postnatal week one, and at the postnatal week 6, one third as many cells in the cortex were EdU-labeled as compared to the papilla (2.5 ± 0.1% vs. 7.7 ± 2.7%, P<0.05). The long-term LRCs at 6-week time point were associated exclusively with the glomeruli in the cortex and the renal tubules in the papilla. At 6 weeks, the EdU-labeled LRCs combined with expression of CD34, RECA-1, Nestin, and Synaptopodin were discretely but widely distributed within the glomeruli; Stro-1 around the glomeruli; and α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) in arteries. Conversely, co-expression of CD34, RECA-1, and Nestin with the long term EdU-labeled LRCs was significantly lower in renal tubules (P<0.01), while Stro-1 and Synaptopodin were not detected. Conclusion Our data found that at 6-week time point, EdU-labeled LRCs existing in the glomeruli expressed undifferentiated podocyte and endothelial markers at high rates, while those in the renal tubules expressed Nestin and vascular markers at low rates. To understand the characterization and localization of these EdU-LRCs, further studies will be needed to test cell lineage tracing, clonogenicity and differentiation potency, and the contributions to the regeneration of the kidney in response to renal injury/repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwen Wang
- Department of Urology, Beijing ChaoYang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongtinanlu, Beijing, 100020, China
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0738, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Guiting Lin
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0738, United States of America
| | - Amjad Alwaal
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0738, United States of America
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0738, United States of America
| | - Guifang Wang
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0738, United States of America
| | - Xingyuan Jia
- Department of Urology, Beijing ChaoYang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongtinanlu, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Lia Banie
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0738, United States of America
| | - Jacqueline Villalta
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0738, United States of America
| | - Ching-Shwun Lin
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0738, United States of America
| | - Tom F. Lue
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0738, United States of America
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Datta N, Lindfors S, Miura N, Saleem MA, Lehtonen S. Overexpression of transcription factor FOXC2 in cultured human podocytes upregulates injury markers and increases motility. Exp Cell Res 2015; 340:32-42. [PMID: 26524507 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and diabetes-related kidney diseases associate with renal failure and cardiovascular morbidity, and represent a major health issue worldwide. However, the molecular mechanisms leading to their development remain poorly understood. We observed increased expression of transcription factor FoxC2 in the podocytes of obese Zucker rats that are insulin resistant and albuminuric. We also found that depletion of adiponectin, an adipocyte-derived hormone whose secretion is decreased in obesity, upregulated FOXC2 in differentiated human podocytes in vitro. Overexpression of FOXC2 in cultured human podocytes led to increased nuclear expression of FOXC2 associated with a change of cellular morphology. This was accompanied by upregulation of vimentin, a key mesenchymal marker, and active beta-catenin, associated with podocyte injury. We also observed re-organization of the actin cytoskeleton, disrupted localization of the tight junction protein ZO-1, and increased motility of podocytes overexpressing FOXC2. These data indicate that the expression of FOXC2 in podocytes needs to be tightly regulated, and that its overexpression induces a chain of cellular events leading to podocyte dysfunction. These changes may lead to podocyte detachment and depletion ultimately contributing to albuminuria. We also suggest a novel molecular mechanism linking obesity-induced decrease in adiponectin to podocyte dysfunction via upregulation of FOXC2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeta Datta
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sonja Lindfors
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Naoyuki Miura
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Moin A Saleem
- Academic and Children's Renal Unit, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Bristol BS1, United Kingdom
| | - Sanna Lehtonen
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.
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Jiang MH, Li G, Liu J, Liu L, Wu B, Huang W, He W, Deng C, Wang D, Li C, Lahn BT, Shi C, Xiang AP. Nestin(+) kidney resident mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of acute kidney ischemia injury. Biomaterials 2015; 50:56-66. [PMID: 25736496 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Renal resident mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are important regulators of kidney homeostasis, repair or regeneration. However, natural distribution and the starting population properties of these cells remain elusive because of the lack of specific markers. Here, we identified post-natal kidney derived Nestin(+) cells that fulfilled all of the criteria as a mesenchymal stem cell. These isolated Nestin(+) cells expressed the typical cell-surface marker of MSC, including Sca-1, CD44, CD106, NG2 and PDGFR-α. They were capable of self-renewal, possessed high clonogenic potential and extensive proliferation for more than 30 passages. Under appropriate differentiation conditions, these cells could differentiate into adipocytes, osteocytes, chondrocytes and podocytes. After intravenous injection into acute kidney injury mice, Nestin(+) cells contributed to functional improvement by significantly decreasing the peak level of serum creatinine and BUN, and reducing the damaged cell apoptosis. Furthermore, conditioned medium from Nestin(+) cells could protect against ischemic acute renal failure partially through paracrine factor VEGF. Taken together, our findings indicate that renal resident Nestin(+) MSCs can be derived, propagated, differentiated, and repair the acute kidney injury, which may shed new light on understanding MSCs biology and developing cell replacement therapies for kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Hua Jiang
- Cell-gene Therapy Translational Medicine Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guilan Li
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junfeng Liu
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Longshan Liu
- Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingyuan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weijun Huang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen He
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunhua Deng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunling Li
- Institute of Hypertension & Kidney Research, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bruce T Lahn
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenggang Shi
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Andy Peng Xiang
- Cell-gene Therapy Translational Medicine Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan Medical School, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Leduc C, Etienne-Manneville S. Intermediate filaments in cell migration and invasion: the unusual suspects. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2015; 32:102-12. [PMID: 25660489 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cell migration is a multistep process which relies on the coordination of cytoskeletal structures in space and time. While the roles of actin and microtubules have been investigated in great details, the lack of inhibitors and visualizing tools and the large number of proteins forming intermediate filaments (IFs) have delayed the characterization of IF functions during migration. However, a large body of evidence has progressively pointed to changes in IF composition as an important parameter in the regulation of cell migratory properties both during development and tumor invasion. More recent in-depth analyses show that IFs are dynamically reorganized to participate, together with microfilaments and microtubules, to the key steps leading to cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Leduc
- Institut Pasteur - CNRS UMR 3691, Cell Polarity, Migration and Cancer Unit, 25 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Sandrine Etienne-Manneville
- Institut Pasteur - CNRS UMR 3691, Cell Polarity, Migration and Cancer Unit, 25 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France.
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Quantitative analysis of markers of podocyte injury in the rat puromycin aminonucleoside nephropathy model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 67:171-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2014.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Ichii O, Otsuka-Kanazawa S, Nakamura T, Ueno M, Kon Y, Chen W, Rosenberg AZ, Kopp JB. Podocyte injury caused by indoxyl sulfate, a uremic toxin and aryl-hydrocarbon receptor ligand. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108448. [PMID: 25244654 PMCID: PMC4171541 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Indoxyl sulfate is a uremic toxin and a ligand of the aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a transcriptional regulator. Elevated serum indoxyl sulfate levels may contribute to progressive kidney disease and associated vascular disease. We asked whether indoxyl sulfate injures podocytes in vivo and in vitro. Mice exposed to indoxyl sulfate for 8 w exhibited prominent tubulointerstitial lesions with vascular damage. Indoxyl sulfate-exposed mice with microalbuminuria showed ischemic changes, while more severely affected mice showed increased mesangial matrix, segmental solidification, and mesangiolysis. In normal mouse kidneys, AhR was predominantly localized to the podocyte nuclei. In mice exposed to indoxyl sulfate for 2 h, isolated glomeruli manifested increased Cyp1a1 expression, indicating AhR activation. After 8 w of indoxyl sulfate, podocytes showed foot process effacement, cytoplasmic vacuoles, and a focal granular and wrinkled pattern of podocin and synaptopodin expression. Furthermore, vimentin and AhR expression in the glomerulus was increased in the indoxyl sulfate-exposed glomeruli compared to controls. Glomerular expression of characteristic podocyte mRNAs was decreased, including Actn4, Cd2ap, Myh9, Nphs1, Nphs2, Podxl, Synpo, and Wt1. In vitro, immortalized-mouse podocytes exhibited AhR nuclear translocation beginning 30 min after 1 mM indoxyl sulfate exposure, and there was increased phospho-Rac1/Cdc42 at 2 h. After exposure to indoxyl sulfate for 24 h, mouse podocytes exhibited a pro-inflammatory phenotype, perturbed actin cytoskeleton, decreased expression of podocyte-specific genes, and decreased cell viability. In immortalized human podocytes, indoxyl sulfate treatment caused cell injury, decreased mRNA expression of podocyte-specific proteins, as well as integrins, collagens, cytoskeletal proteins, and bone morphogenetic proteins, and increased cytokine and chemokine expression. We propose that basal levels of AhR activity regulate podocyte function under normal conditions, and that increased activation of podocyte AhR by indoxyl sulfate contributes to progressive glomerular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Ichii
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
- Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Saori Otsuka-Kanazawa
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Teppei Nakamura
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
- Section of Biological Safety Research, Chitose Laboratory, Japan Food Research Laboratories, Chitose, Japan
| | - Masaaki Ueno
- Section of Biological Safety Research, Chitose Laboratory, Japan Food Research Laboratories, Chitose, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kon
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Weiping Chen
- Microarray Core Facility, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Avi Z. Rosenberg
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey B. Kopp
- Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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Gao P, Meng XF, Su H, He FF, Chen S, Tang H, Tian XJ, Fan D, Wang YM, Liu JS, Zhu ZH, Zhang C. Thioredoxin-interacting protein mediates NALP3 inflammasome activation in podocytes during diabetic nephropathy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2014; 1843:2448-60. [PMID: 25017793 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that the NALP3 inflammasome plays an important role in various immune and inflammatory diseases. However, whether the NALP3 inflammasome is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN) is unclear. In our study, we confirmed that high glucose (HG) concentrations induced NALP3 inflammasome activation both in vivo and in vitro. Blocking NALP3 inflammasome activation by NALP3/ASC shRNA and caspase-1 inhibition prevented IL-1β production and eventually attenuated podocyte and glomerular injury under HG conditions. We also found that thioredoxin (TRX)-interacting protein (TXNIP), which is a pro-oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory factor, activated NALP3 inflammasome by interacting with NALP3 in HG-exposed podocytes. Knocking down TXNIP impeded NALP3 inflammasome activation and alleviated podocyte injury caused by HG. In summary, the NALP3 inflammasome mediates podocyte and glomerular injury in DN, moreover, TXNIP participates in the formation and activation of the NALP3 inflammasome in podocytes during DN, which represents a novel mechanism of podocyte and glomerular injury under diabetic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xian-Fang Meng
- Department of Neurobiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Hua Su
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Fang-Fang He
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Shan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Hui Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiu-Juan Tian
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Di Fan
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yu-Mei Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jian-She Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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