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Cini NT, Pennisi M, Genc S, Spandidos DA, Falzone L, Mitsias PD, Tsatsakis A, Taghizadehghalehjoughi A. Glioma lateralization: Focus on the anatomical localization and the distribution of molecular alterations (Review). Oncol Rep 2024; 52:139. [PMID: 39155859 PMCID: PMC11358673 DOI: 10.3892/or.2024.8798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
It is well known how the precise localization of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) predicts the direction of tumor spread in the surrounding neuronal structures. The aim of the present review is to reveal the lateralization of GBM by evaluating the anatomical regions where it is frequently located as well as the main molecular alterations observed in different brain regions. According to the literature, the precise or most frequent lateralization of GBM has yet to be determined. However, it can be said that GBM is more frequently observed in the frontal lobe. Tractus and fascicles involved in GBM appear to be focused on the corticospinal tract, superior longitudinal I, II and III fascicles, arcuate fascicle long segment, frontal strait tract, and inferior fronto‑occipital fasciculus. Considering the anatomical features of GBM and its brain involvement, it is logical that the main brain regions involved are the frontal‑temporal‑parietal‑occipital lobes, respectively. Although tumor volumes are higher in the right hemisphere, it has been determined that the prognosis of patients diagnosed with cancer in the left hemisphere is worse, probably reflecting the anatomical distribution of some detrimental alterations such as TP53 mutations, PTEN loss, EGFR amplification, and MGMT promoter methylation. There are theories stating that the right hemisphere is less exposed to external influences in its development as it is responsible for the functions necessary for survival while tumors in the left hemisphere may be more aggressive. To shed light on specific anatomical and molecular features of GBM in different brain regions, the present review article is aimed at describing the main lateralization pathways as well as gene mutations or epigenetic modifications associated with the development of brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilgun Tuncel Cini
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Bilecik 11230, Turkey
| | - Manuela Pennisi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Sidika Genc
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Bilecik 11230, Turkey
| | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Luca Falzone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Panayiotis D. Mitsias
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aristides Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
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Feng Y, Huang X, Zhao W, Ming Y, Zhou Y, Feng R, Xiao J, Shan X, Kang X, Duan X, Chen H. Association among internalizing problems, white matter integrity, and social difficulties in children with autism spectrum disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 135:111109. [PMID: 39074528 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by social difficulties and often accompanied by internalizing and externalizing problems, which are frequently overlooked. Here, we examined and compared fractional anisotropy (FA) between 79 children with ASD (aged 4-7.8 years) and 70 age-, gender-, and handedness- matched typically developing controls (TDCs, aged 3-7.2 years). We aimed to explore the relationship among social difficulties, internalizing and externalizing problems, and brain structural foundation (characterized by white matter integrity). Compared with the TDCs, the children with ASD exhibited more severe internalizing and externalizing problems, which were positively correlated with social difficulties. Reduced FA values were observed in specific white matter tracts that integrate a fronto-temporal-occipital circuit. In particular, the FA values within this circuit were negatively correlated with internalizing problems and SRS-TOTAL scores. Mediation analysis revealed that internalizing problems mediated the relationship between the FA values in the left middle longitudinal fasciculus (L-MdLF) and corpus callosum forceps major (CCM) and social difficulties in children with ASD. These findings contribute to our understanding of social difficulties, internalizing and externalizing problems, and white matter integrity in children with ASD and highlight internalizing problems as a mediator between social difficulties and white matter integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Feng
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, PR China; MOE Key Lab for Neuro information, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, PR China
| | - Xinyue Huang
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, PR China; MOE Key Lab for Neuro information, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, PR China
| | - Weixin Zhao
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, PR China; MOE Key Lab for Neuro information, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, PR China
| | - Yating Ming
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, PR China; MOE Key Lab for Neuro information, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, PR China
| | - Yuanyue Zhou
- Department of Medical Psychology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan, PR China
| | - Rui Feng
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, PR China; MOE Key Lab for Neuro information, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, PR China
| | - Jinming Xiao
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, PR China; MOE Key Lab for Neuro information, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, PR China
| | - Xiaolong Shan
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, PR China; MOE Key Lab for Neuro information, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Kang
- Child Rehabilitation Unit, Affiliated Sichuan Provincial Rehabilitation Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Sichuan, Bayi Rehabilitation Center, Chengdu 611135, PR China
| | - Xujun Duan
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, PR China; MOE Key Lab for Neuro information, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, PR China.
| | - Huafu Chen
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, PR China; MOE Key Lab for Neuro information, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, PR China.
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Leroux E, Masson L, Tréhout M, Dollfus S. Effects of Adapted Physical Activity on White Matter Integrity in Patients with Schizophrenia. Brain Sci 2024; 14:710. [PMID: 39061450 PMCID: PMC11274719 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14070710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is associated with changes in white matter (WM) integrity and with reduced life expectancy, in part because of the cardiometabolic side effects of antipsychotics. Physical activity (PA) has emerged as a candidate lifestyle intervention that is safe and effective. The study aimed to assess how an adapted PA program delivered remotely by web (e-APA) improved WM integrity in patients with schizophrenia (SZPs) and healthy controls (HCs) and to evaluate associations among WM integrity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and symptom severity. This longitudinal study was conducted over 16 weeks with 31 participants (18 SZPs and 13 HCs). Diffusion tensor imaging and tract-based spatial statistics were employed to assess WM integrity. Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured by maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), and assessments for clinical symptoms included the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, Self-evaluation of Negative Symptoms and the Brief Negative Syndrome Scale (BNSS). Only the SZPs had significantly increased WM integrity after the e-APA program, with increased fractional anisotropy and decreased radial diffusivity in fasciculi involved in motor functions and language process. Furthermore, decreased negative symptoms assessed with BNSS were associated with greater WM integrity following the program. These findings suggest that e-APA may improve WM integrity abnormalities and support e-APA as a promising therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Leroux
- “Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders” PhIND, UMR-S U1237, INSERM, GIP Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France; (L.M.); (M.T.); (S.D.)
| | - Laura Masson
- “Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders” PhIND, UMR-S U1237, INSERM, GIP Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France; (L.M.); (M.T.); (S.D.)
| | - Maxime Tréhout
- “Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders” PhIND, UMR-S U1237, INSERM, GIP Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France; (L.M.); (M.T.); (S.D.)
- CHU de Caen Normandie, Centre Esquirol, Service de Psychiatrie Adulte, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Sonia Dollfus
- “Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders” PhIND, UMR-S U1237, INSERM, GIP Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France; (L.M.); (M.T.); (S.D.)
- CHU de Caen Normandie, Centre Esquirol, Service de Psychiatrie Adulte, 14000 Caen, France
- Normandie Univ, Université de Caen Normandie, UFR de Santé, 14000 Caen, France
- Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire “Améliorer le Pronostic des Troubles Addictifs et Mentaux par une Médecine Personnalisée (A2M2P)“, 14000 Caen, France
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Han Y, Jing Y, Li X, Zhou H, Deng F. Clinical characteristics of post-stroke basal ganglia aphasia and the study of language-related white matter tracts based on diffusion spectrum imaging. Neuroimage 2024; 295:120664. [PMID: 38825217 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke often damages the basal ganglia, leading to atypical and transient aphasia, indicating that post-stroke basal ganglia aphasia (PSBGA) may be related to different anatomical structural damage and functional remodeling rehabilitation mechanisms. The basal ganglia contain dense white matter tracts (WMTs). Hence, damage to the functional tract may be an essential anatomical structural basis for the development of PSBGA. METHODS We first analyzed the clinical characteristics of PSBGA in 28 patients and 15 healthy controls (HCs) using the Western Aphasia Battery and neuropsychological test batteries. Moreover, we investigated white matter injury during the acute stage using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging scans for differential tractography. Finally, we used multiple regression models in correlation tractography to analyze the relationship between various language functions and quantitative anisotropy (QA) of WMTs. RESULTS Compared with HCs, patients with PSBGA showed lower scores for fluency, comprehension (auditory word recognition and sequential commands), naming (object naming and word fluency), reading comprehension of sentences, Mini-Mental State Examination, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment, along with increased scores in Hamilton Anxiety Scale-17 and Hamilton Depression Scale-17 within 7 days after stroke onset (P < 0.05). Differential tractography revealed that patients with PSBGA had damaged fibers, including in the body fibers of the corpus callosum, left cingulum bundles, left parietal aslant tracts, bilateral superior longitudinal fasciculus II, bilateral thalamic radiation tracts, left fornix, corpus callosum tapetum, and forceps major, compared with HCs (FDR < 0.02). Correlation tractography highlighted that better comprehension was correlated with a higher QA of the left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF), corpus callosum forceps minor, and left extreme capsule (FDR < 0.0083). Naming was positively associated with the QA of the left IFOF, forceps minor, left arcuate fasciculus, and uncinate fasciculus (UF) (FDR < 0.0083). Word fluency of naming was also positively associated with the QA of the forceps minor, left IFOF, and thalamic radiation tracts (FDR < 0.0083). Furthermore, reading was positively correlated with the QA of the forceps minor, left IFOF, and UF (FDR < 0.0083). CONCLUSION PSBGA is primarily characterized by significantly impaired word fluency of naming and preserved repetition abilities, as well as emotional and cognitive dysfunction. Damaged limbic pathways, dorsally located tracts in the left hemisphere, and left basal ganglia pathways are involved in PSBGA pathogenesis. The results of connectometry analysis further refine the current functional localization model of higher-order neural networks associated with language functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Han
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Jing
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Xuewei Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, PR China.
| | - Fang Deng
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, PR China.
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Li Z, Mei Y, Wang W, Wang L, Wu S, Zhang K, Qiu D, Xiong Z, Li X, Yuan Z, Zhang P, Zhang M, Tong Q, Zhang Z, Wang Y. White matter and cortical gray matter microstructural abnormalities in new daily persistent headache: a NODDI study. J Headache Pain 2024; 25:110. [PMID: 38977951 PMCID: PMC11232337 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-024-01815-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND New daily persistent headache (NDPH) is a rare primary headache with unclear pathogenesis. Neuroimaging studies of NDPH are limited, and controversy still exists. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is commonly used to study the white matter. However, lacking specificity, the potential pathological mechanisms of white matter microstructural changes remain poorly understood. In addition, the intricacy of gray matter structures impedes the application of the DTI model. Here, we applied an advanced diffusion model of neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) to study the white matter and cortical gray matter microstructure in patients with NDPH. METHODS This study assessed brain microstructure, including 27 patients with NDPH, and matched 28 healthy controls (HCs) by NODDI. The differences between the two groups were assessed by tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) and surface-based analysis (SBA), focusing on the NODDI metrics (neurite density index (NDI), orientation dispersion index (ODI), and isotropic volume fraction (ISOVF)). Furthermore, we performed Pearson's correlation analysis between the NODDI indicators and clinical characteristics. RESULTS Compared to HCs, patients with NDPH had a reduction of density and complexity in several fiber tracts. For robust results, the fiber tracts were defined as comprising more than 100 voxels, including bilateral inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF), left superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) and inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF), as well as right corticospinal tract (CST). Moreover, the reduction of neurite density was uncovered in the left superior and middle frontal cortex, left precentral cortex, and right lateral orbitofrontal cortex and insula. There was no correlation between the NODDI metrics of these brain regions and clinical variables or scales of relevance after the Bonferroni correction. CONCLUSIONS Our research indicated that neurite loss was detected in both white matter and cortical gray matter of patients with NDPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilei Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Cuiying Gate, No. 82 Linxia Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yanliang Mei
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Cuiying Gate, No. 82 Linxia Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Shouyi Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Cuiying Gate, No. 82 Linxia Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Kaibo Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Cuiying Gate, No. 82 Linxia Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Dong Qiu
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Zhonghua Xiong
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Li
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Ziyu Yuan
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Mantian Zhang
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Qiuling Tong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenchang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Cuiying Gate, No. 82 Linxia Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Cuiying Gate, No. 82 Linxia Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.
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Wei YC, Kung YC, Lin CP, Chen CK, Lin C, Tseng RY, Chen YL, Huang WY, Chen PY, Chong ST, Shyu YC, Chang WC, Yeh CH. White matter alterations and their associations with biomarkers and behavior in subjective cognitive decline individuals: a fixel-based analysis. BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN FUNCTIONS : BBF 2024; 20:12. [PMID: 38778325 PMCID: PMC11110460 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-024-00238-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is an early stage of dementia linked to Alzheimer's disease pathology. White matter changes were found in SCD using diffusion tensor imaging, but there are known limitations in voxel-wise tensor-based methods. Fixel-based analysis (FBA) can help understand changes in white matter fibers and how they relate to neurodegenerative proteins and multidomain behavior data in individuals with SCD. METHODS Healthy adults with normal cognition were recruited in the Northeastern Taiwan Community Medicine Research Cohort in 2018-2022 and divided into SCD and normal control (NC). Participants underwent evaluations to assess cognitive abilities, mental states, physical activity levels, and susceptibility to fatigue. Neurodegenerative proteins were measured using an immunomagnetic reduction technique. Multi-shell diffusion MRI data were collected and analyzed using whole-brain FBA, comparing results between groups and correlating them with multidomain assessments. RESULTS The final enrollment included 33 SCD and 46 NC participants, with no significant differences in age, sex, or education between the groups. SCD had a greater fiber-bundle cross-section than NC (pFWE < 0.05) at bilateral frontal superior longitudinal fasciculus II (SLFII). These white matter changes correlate negatively with plasma Aβ42 level (r = -0.38, p = 0.01) and positively with the AD8 score for subjective cognitive complaints (r = 0.42, p = 0.004) and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale score for the degree of anxiety (Ham-A, r = 0.35, p = 0.019). The dimensional analysis of FBA metrics and blood biomarkers found positive correlations of plasma neurofilament light chain with fiber density at the splenium of corpus callosum (pFWE < 0.05) and with fiber-bundle cross-section at the right thalamus (pFWE < 0.05). Further examination of how SCD grouping interacts between the correlations of FBA metrics and multidomain assessments showed interactions between the fiber density at the corpus callosum with letter-number sequencing cognitive score (pFWE < 0.01) and with fatigue to leisure activities (pFWE < 0.05). CONCLUSION Based on FBA, our investigation suggests white matter structural alterations in SCD. The enlargement of SLFII's fiber cross-section is linked to plasma Aβ42 and neuropsychiatric symptoms, which suggests potential early axonal dystrophy associated with Alzheimer's pathology in SCD. The splenium of the corpus callosum is also a critical region of axonal degeneration and cognitive alteration for SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chia Wei
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, 204, Taiwan
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, 204, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chia Kung
- Department of Radiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 114, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Po Lin
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
- Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ken Chen
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, 204, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, 204, Taiwan
| | - Chemin Lin
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, 204, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, 204, Taiwan
| | - Rung-Yu Tseng
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Liang Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
- Department of Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, 204, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yi Huang
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, 204, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Yuan Chen
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, 204, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, 204, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Tai Chong
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chiau Shyu
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, 204, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chou Chang
- Department of Radiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 114, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hung Yeh
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan.
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan.
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Taçyıldız AE, Barut O, Üçer M, Özgündüz Y, Bozyiğit B, Tanriover N. Improving the Visualization of Superior Longitudinal Fascicule-2 and Superior Longitudinal Fascicule -3 Using Photoshop Filters. World Neurosurg 2024; 185:e1136-e1143. [PMID: 38493894 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Several studies are currently exploring the anatomical origins of superior longitudinal fascicule (SLF) 2 and SLF-3, which are components of the frontoparietal network. This study aimed to achieve optimum visualization of the anatomical corridors of these fibers using Photoshop filters. METHODS Four postmortem brain hemispheres were dissected in accordance with the method proposed by Klingler and Ludwig. Dissections were performed under a surgical microscope (Carl Zeiss AG, Oberkochen, Germany) at 4× and 40× magnification. All dissections were documented at each stage using a professional digital camera (Canon EOS 600D) with a macro 100 mm lens (Canon), ring-flash attachment (Canon), and professional tripod (Manfrotto 808 C4). We aimed to improve the visual quality of the images by avoiding monotone using various the features and filters in Photoshop. RESULTS SLF-2 originates from the angular gyrus (Brodmann area [BA] 39) in the right hemisphere and has been observed to project fibers from BA7 and BA19 and toward BA8, 9, 10, and 46. Further, these fibers traverse from the depths of BA40, 2, 3, 1, and 6 as they progress. SLF-2 also projects fibers from the supramarginal gyrus in the left hemisphere. SLF-3 lies between the supramarginal gyrus and the inferior frontal lobe in both the right and left hemispheres. CONCLUSIONS The visual descriptions of the dissections were enriched after using Photoshop to avoid monotony. Increasing the visual quality with Photoshop features enable us to gain a better understanding of these pathways. Additionally, it facilitates the comprehension of the symptoms associated with pathology. We hope these results will further aid in reducing the occurrence of postoperative complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Emre Taçyıldız
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Karabük University, Karabük, Turkey; Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Neurosurgery, Microsurgical Neuroanatomy Laboratory, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ozan Barut
- Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Neurosurgery, Microsurgical Neuroanatomy Laboratory, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Neurosurgery, Bingöl State Hospital, Bingöl, Turkey
| | - Melih Üçer
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yaser Özgündüz
- Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Neurosurgery, Microsurgical Neuroanatomy Laboratory, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Neurosurgery, Aksaray Training and Research Hospital, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Bülent Bozyiğit
- Department of Neurosurgery, Private Health Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Necmettin Tanriover
- Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Neurosurgery, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Kim HJ, Bang M, Pae C, Lee SH. Multimodal neural correlates of dispositional resilience among healthy individuals. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9875. [PMID: 38684873 PMCID: PMC11059361 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60619-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Resilient individuals are less likely to develop psychiatric disorders despite extreme psychological distress. This study investigated the multimodal structural neural correlates of dispositional resilience among healthy individuals. Participants included 92 healthy individuals. The Korean version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and other psychological measures were used. Gray matter volumes (GMVs), cortical thickness, local gyrification index (LGI), and white matter (WM) microstructures were analyzed using voxel-based morphometry, FreeSurfer, and tract-based spatial statistics, respectively. Higher resilient individuals showed significantly higher GMVs in the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), increased LGI in the insula, and lower fractional anisotropy values in the superior longitudinal fasciculus II (SLF II). These resilience's neural correlates were associated with good quality of life in physical functioning or general health and low levels of depression. Therefore, the GMVs in the IFG, LGI in the insula, and WM microstructures in the SLF II can be associated with resilience that contributes to emotional regulation, empathy, and social cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Ju Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 463-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Bang
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 463-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Chongwon Pae
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 463-712, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Hyuk Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 463-712, Republic of Korea.
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9
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Hara S, Kikuta J, Takabayashi K, Kamagata K, Hayashi S, Inaji M, Tanaka Y, Hori M, Ishii K, Nariai T, Taoka T, Naganawa S, Aoki S, Maehara T. Decreased diffusivity along the perivascular space and cerebral hemodynamic disturbance in adult moyamoya disease. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024:271678X241245492. [PMID: 38574287 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x241245492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Moyamoya disease (MMD) causes cerebral arterial stenosis and hemodynamic disturbance, the latter of which may disrupt glymphatic system activity, the waste clearance system. We evaluated 46 adult patients with MMD and 33 age- and sex-matched controls using diffusivity along the perivascular space (ALPS) measured with diffusion tensor imaging (ALPS index), which may partly reflect glymphatic system activity, and multishell diffusion MRI to generate freewater maps. Twenty-three patients were also evaluated via 15O-gas positron emission tomography (PET), and all patients underwent cognitive tests. Compared to controls, patients (38.4 (13.2) years old, 35 females) had lower ALPS indices in the left and right hemispheres (1.94 (0.27) vs. 1.65 (0.25) and 1.94 (0.22) vs. 1.65 (0.19), P < 0.001). While the right ALPS index showed no correlation, the left ALPS index was correlated with parenchymal freewater (ρ = -0.47, P < 0.001); perfusion measured with PET (cerebral blood flow, ρ = 0.70, P < 0.001; mean transit time, ρ = -0.60, P = 0.003; and oxygen extraction fraction, ρ = -0.52, P = 0.003); and cognitive tests (trail making test part B for executive function; ρ = -0.37, P = 0.01). Adult patients with MMD may exhibit decreased glymphatic system activity, which is correlated with the degree of hemodynamic disturbance, increased interstitial freewater, and cognitive dysfunction, but further investigation is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Hara
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Team for Neuroimaging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junko Kikuta
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Koji Kamagata
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shihori Hayashi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Team for Neuroimaging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoki Inaji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Team for Neuroimaging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoji Tanaka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaaki Hori
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Radiology, Toho University Omori Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Ishii
- Research Team for Neuroimaging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Nariai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Team for Neuroimaging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Taoka
- Department of Innovative Biomedical Visualization, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | | | - Shigeki Aoki
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taketoshi Maehara
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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Bakhit M, Fujii M. Gender Differences in the Cortical Distribution of Corpus Callosum Fibers. Cureus 2024; 16:e55918. [PMID: 38601409 PMCID: PMC11004854 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Research on gender-based disparities in human brain structure has spanned over a century, yielding conflicting results and ongoing debate. While some studies indicate minimal distinctions, others consistently highlight differences in the corpus callosum (CC), even after accounting for average brain size. Methods Diverging from previous approaches, this study examines the morphology of the entire CC fiber rather than solely focusing on its midsagittal structure. Utilizing advanced neuroimaging techniques and generalized Q-imaging tractography, CC streamlines were constructed to assess gender differences in fractional anisotropy (FA), volume ratio, and cortical distribution. Student's t-test was employed to examine the disparities in FA between gender groups, while gender-based distinctions in the normalized volume of the CC and its segments were assessed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), with absolute whole white matter volume serving as a covariate. Results No significant gender-based disparities were found in either FA or normalized CC volume. While females exhibited consistently larger normalized volume CC streamlines than males, these differences lost statistical significance after adjusting for absolute total white matter volume as a covariate. Nonetheless, CC streamlines in females displayed a broader spatial distribution, encompassing various cortical regions, including the bilateral prefrontal cortex (medial and lateral surfaces), as well as medial parietal and temporal regions. Conclusion This study elucidates gender-related variations in the morphology of the brain's white matter pathways, indicating a more widespread cortical distribution of CC fibers in females compared to males. However, the study underscores the need for further investigations into connectivity patterns to fully elucidate these gender-based disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Masazumi Fujii
- Neurosurgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, JPN
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11
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Zhang W, Gorelik AJ, Wang Q, Norton SA, Hershey T, Agrawal A, Bijsterbosch JD, Bogdan R. Associations between COVID-19 and putative markers of neuroinflammation: A diffusion basis spectrum imaging study. Brain Behav Immun Health 2024; 36:100722. [PMID: 38298902 PMCID: PMC10825665 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 remains a significant international public health concern. Yet, the mechanisms through which symptomatology emerges remain poorly understood. While SARS-CoV-2 infection may induce prolonged inflammation within the central nervous system, the evidence primarily stems from limited small-scale case investigations. To address this gap, our study capitalized on longitudinal UK Biobank neuroimaging data acquired prior to and following COVID-19 testing (N = 416 including n = 224 COVID-19 cases; Mage = 58.6). Putative neuroinflammation was assessed in gray matter structures and white matter tracts using non-invasive Diffusion Basis Spectrum Imaging (DBSI), which estimates inflammation-related cellularity (DBSI-restricted fraction; DBSI-RF) and vasogenic edema (DBSI-hindered fraction; DBSI-HF). We hypothesized that COVID-19 case status would be associated with increases in DBSI markers after accounting for potential confound (age, sex, race, body mass index, smoking frequency, and data acquisition interval) and multiple testing. COVID-19 case status was not significantly associated with DBSI-RF (|β|'s < 0.28, pFDR >0.05), but with greater DBSI-HF in left pre- and post-central gyri and right middle frontal gyrus (β's > 0.3, all pFDR = 0.03). Intriguingly, the brain areas exhibiting increased putative vasogenic edema had previously been linked to COVID-19-related functional and structural alterations, whereas brain regions displaying subtle differences in cellularity between COVID-19 cases and controls included regions within or functionally connected to the olfactory network, which has been implicated in COVID-19 psychopathology. Nevertheless, our study might not have captured acute and transitory neuroinflammatory effects linked to SARS-CoV-2 infection, possibly due to symptom resolution before the imaging scan. Future research is warranted to explore the potential time- and symptom-dependent neuroinflammatory relationship with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Aaron J. Gorelik
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Qing Wang
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Sara A. Norton
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Tamara Hershey
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Arpana Agrawal
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Janine D. Bijsterbosch
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Ryan Bogdan
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
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12
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Zhang W, Gorelik AJ, Wang Q, Norton SA, Hershey T, Agrawal A, Bijsterbosch JD, Bogdan R. Associations between COVID-19 and putative markers of neuroinflammation: A diffusion basis spectrum imaging study. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.20.549891. [PMID: 37502886 PMCID: PMC10370178 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.20.549891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 remains a significant international public health concern. Yet, the mechanisms through which symptomatology emerges remain poorly understood. While SARS-CoV-2 infection may induce prolonged inflammation within the central nervous system, the evidence primarily stems from limited small-scale case investigations. To address this gap, our study capitalized on longitudinal UK Biobank neuroimaging data acquired prior to and following COVID-19 testing (N=416 including n=224 COVID-19 cases; Mage=58.6). Putative neuroinflammation was assessed in gray matter structures and white matter tracts using non-invasive Diffusion Basis Spectrum Imaging (DBSI), which estimates inflammation-related cellularity (DBSI-restricted fraction; DBSI-RF) and vasogenic edema (DBSI-hindered fraction; DBSI-HF).We hypothesized that COVID-19 case status would be associated with increases in DBSI markers after accounting for potential confound (age, sex, race, body mass index, smoking frequency, and data acquisition interval) and multiple testing. COVID-19 case status was not significantly associated with DBSI-RF (|β|'s<0.28, pFDR >0.05), but with greater DBSI-HF in left pre- and post-central gyri and right middle frontal gyrus (β's>0.3, all pFDR=0.03). Intriguingly, the brain areas exhibiting increased putative vasogenic edema had previously been linked to COVID-19-related functional and structural alterations, whereas brain regions displaying subtle differences in cellularity between COVID-19 cases and controls included regions within or functionally connected to the olfactory network, which has been implicated in COVID-19 psychopathology. Nevertheless, our study might not have captured acute and transitory neuroinflammatory effects linked to SARS-CoV-2 infection, possibly due to symptom resolution before the imaging scan. Future research is warranted to explore the potential time- and symptom-dependent neuroinflammatory relationship with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Aaron J Gorelik
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Qing Wang
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Sara A Norton
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Tamara Hershey
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Arpana Agrawal
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Janine D Bijsterbosch
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Ryan Bogdan
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
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13
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Matsuhashi K, Itahashi T, Aoki R, Hashimoto RI. Meta-analysis of structural integrity of white matter and functional connectivity in developmental stuttering. Brain Res Bull 2023; 205:110827. [PMID: 38013029 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Developmental stuttering is a speech disfluency disorder characterized by repetitions, prolongations, and blocks of speech. While a number of neuroimaging studies have identified alterations in localized brain activation during speaking in persons with stuttering (PWS), it is unclear whether neuroimaging evidence converges on alterations in structural integrity of white matter and functional connectivity (FC) among multiple regions involved in supporting fluent speech. In the present study, we conducted coordinate-based meta-analyses according to the PRISMA guidelines for available publications that studied fractional anisotropy (FA) using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) for structural integrity and the seed-based voxel-wise FC analyses. The search retrieved 11 publications for the TBSS FA studies, 29 seed-based FC datasets from 6 publications for the resting-state, and 29 datasets from 6 publications for the task-based studies. The meta-analysis of TBSS FA revealed that PWS exhibited FA reductions in the middle and posterior segments of the left superior longitudinal fasciculus. Furthermore, the analysis of resting-state FC demonstrated that PWS had reduced FC in the right supplementary motor area and inferior parietal cortex, whereas an increase in FC was observed in the left cerebellum crus I. Conversely, we observed increased FC for task-based FC in regions implicated in speech production or sequential movements, including the anterior cingulate cortex, posterior insula, and bilateral cerebellum crus I in PWS. Functional network characterization of the altered FCs revealed that the sets of reduced resting-state and increased task-based FCs were largely distinct, but the somatomotor and striatum/thalamus networks were foci of alterations in both conditions. These observations indicate that developmental stuttering is characterized by structural and functional alterations in multiple brain networks that support speech fluency or sequential motor processes, including cortico-cortical and subcortical connections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Matsuhashi
- Department of Language Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Itahashi
- Medical Institute of Developmental Disabilities Research, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuta Aoki
- Department of Language Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan; Medical Institute of Developmental Disabilities Research, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
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14
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Guidali G, Bagattini C, De Matola M, Brignani D. Influence of frontal-to-parietal connectivity in pseudoneglect: A cortico-cortical paired associative stimulation study. Cortex 2023; 169:50-64. [PMID: 37862830 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2023.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Pseudoneglect is a set of visuospatial biases that entails a behavioral advantage for stimuli appearing in the left hemifield compared to the right one. Although right hemisphere dominance for visuospatial processing has been invoked to explain this phenomenon, its neurophysiological mechanisms are still debated, and the role of intra- and inter-hemispheric connectivity is yet to be defined. The present study explored the possibility of modulating pseudoneglect in healthy participants through a cortico-cortical paired associative stimulation protocol (ccPAS): a non-invasive brain stimulation protocol that manipulates the interplay between brain regions through the repeated, time-locked coupling of two transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) pulses. In the first experiment, healthy participants underwent a frontal-to-parietal (FP) and a parietal-to-frontal (PF) ccPAS. In the FP protocol, the first TMS pulse targeted the right frontal eye field (FEF), and the second pulse the right inferior parietal lobule (IPL), two critical areas for visuospatial and attentional processing. In the PF condition, the order of the pulses was reversed. In both protocols, the inter-stimulus interval (ISI) was 10 ms. Before and after stimulation, pseudoneglect was assessed with a landmark task and a manual line bisection task. A second experiment controlled for ccPAS timing dependency by testing FP-ccPAS with a longer ISI of 100 ms. Results showed that after administering the FP-ccPAS with the ISI of 10 ms, participants' leftward bias in the landmark task increased significantly, with no effects in the manual line bisection task. The other two protocols tested were ineffective. Our findings showed that ccPAS could be used to modulate pseudoneglect by exploiting frontal-to-parietal connectivity, possibly through increased top-down attentional control. FP-ccPAS could represent a promising tool to investigate connectivity properties within visuospatial and attentional networks in the healthy and as a potential rehabilitation protocol in patients suffering from severe visuospatial pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Guidali
- Neurophysiology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Chiara Bagattini
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Matteo De Matola
- Neurophysiology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Debora Brignani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
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15
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Moore MJ, Hearne L, Demeyere N, Mattingley JB. Comprehensive voxel-wise, tract-based, and network lesion mapping reveals unique architectures of right and left visuospatial neglect. Brain Struct Funct 2023; 228:2067-2087. [PMID: 37697138 PMCID: PMC10587018 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02702-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Visuospatial neglect is a common, post-stroke cognitive impairment which is widely considered to be a disconnection syndrome. However, the patterns of disconnectivity associated with visuospatial neglect remain unclear. Here, we had 480 acute stroke survivors [age = 72.8 (SD = 13.3), 44.3% female, 7.5 days post-stroke (SD = 11.3)] undertake routine clinical imaging and standardised visuospatial neglect testing. The data were used to conduct voxel-wise, tract-level, and network-level lesion-mapping analyses aimed at localising the neural correlates of left and right egocentric (body-centred) and allocentric (object-centred) visuospatial neglect. Only minimal anatomical homogeneity was present between the correlates of right and left egocentric neglect across all analysis types. This finding challenges previous work suggesting that right and left visuospatial neglect are anatomically homologous, and instead suggests that egocentric neglect may involve damage to a shared, but hemispherically asymmetric attention network. By contrast, egocentric and allocentric neglect was associated with disconnectivity in a distinct but overlapping set of network edges, with both deficits related to damage across the dorsal and ventral attention networks. Critically, this finding suggests that the distinction between egocentric and allocentric neglect is unlikely to reflect a simple dichotomy between dorsal versus ventral networks dysfunction, as is commonly asserted. Taken together, the current findings provide a fresh perspective on the neural circuitry involved in regulating visuospatial attention, and provide important clues to understanding the cognitive and perceptual processes involved in this common and debilitating neuropsychological syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Jane Moore
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.
| | - Luke Hearne
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Nele Demeyere
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jason B Mattingley
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
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16
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Ding J, Middleton EL, Mirman D. Impaired discourse content in aphasia is associated with frontal white matter damage. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad310. [PMID: 38025278 PMCID: PMC10664411 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aphasia is a common consequence of stroke with severe impacts on employability, social interactions and quality of life. Producing discourse-relevant information in a real-world setting is the most important aspect of recovery because it is critical to successful communication. This study sought to identify the lesion correlates of impaired production of relevant information in spoken discourse in a large, unselected sample of participants with post-stroke aphasia. Spoken discourse (n = 80) and structural brain scans (n = 66) from participants with aphasia following left hemisphere stroke were analysed. Each participant provided 10 samples of spoken discourse elicited in three different genres, and 'correct information unit' analysis was used to quantify the informativeness of speech samples. The lesion correlates were identified using multivariate lesion-symptom mapping, voxel-wise disconnection and tract-wise analyses. Amount and speed of relevant information were highly correlated across different genres and with total lesion size. The analyses of lesion correlates converged on the same pattern: impaired production of relevant information was associated with damage to anterior dorsal white matter pathways, specifically the arcuate fasciculus, frontal aslant tract and superior longitudinal fasciculus. Damage to these pathways may be a useful biomarker for impaired informative spoken discourse and informs development of neurorehabilitation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Ding
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | | | - Daniel Mirman
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
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17
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Skandalakis GP, Barrios-Martinez J, Kazim SF, Rumalla K, Courville EN, Mahto N, Kalyvas A, Yeh FC, Hadjipanayis CG, Schmidt MH, Kogan M. The anatomy of the four streams of the prefrontal cortex. Preliminary evidence from a population based high definition tractography study. Front Neuroanat 2023; 17:1214629. [PMID: 37942215 PMCID: PMC10628325 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2023.1214629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The model of the four streams of the prefrontal cortex proposes 4 streams of information: motor through Brodmann area (BA) 8, emotion through BA 9, memory through BA 10, and emotional-related sensory through BA 11. Although there is a surge of functional data supporting these 4 streams within the PFC, the structural connectivity underlying these neural networks has not been fully clarified. Here we perform population-based high-definition tractography using an averaged template generated from data of 1,065 human healthy subjects acquired from the Human Connectome Project to further elucidate the structural organization of these regions. We report the structural connectivity of BA 8 with BA 6, BA 9 with the insula, BA 10 with the hippocampus, BA 11 with the temporal pole, and BA 11 with the amygdala. The 4 streams of the prefrontal cortex are subserved by a structural neural network encompassing fibers of the anterior part of the superior longitudinal fasciculus-I and II, corona radiata, cingulum, frontal aslant tract, and uncinate fasciculus. The identified neural network of the four streams of the PFC will allow the comprehensive analysis of these networks in normal and pathological brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios P. Skandalakis
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of New Mexico Hospital, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | | | - Syed Faraz Kazim
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of New Mexico Hospital, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Kavelin Rumalla
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of New Mexico Hospital, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Evan N. Courville
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of New Mexico Hospital, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Neil Mahto
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of New Mexico Hospital, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Aristotelis Kalyvas
- Division of Neurosurgery, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Fang-Cheng Yeh
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | | | - Meic H. Schmidt
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of New Mexico Hospital, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Michael Kogan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of New Mexico Hospital, Albuquerque, NM, United States
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18
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Sun F, Huang Y, Wang J, Hong W, Zhao Z. Research Progress in Diffusion Spectrum Imaging. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1497. [PMID: 37891866 PMCID: PMC10605731 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13101497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have demonstrated that many regions in the human brain include multidirectional fiber tracts, in which the diffusion of water molecules within image voxels does not follow a Gaussian distribution. Therefore, the conventional diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) that hypothesizes a single fiber orientation within a voxel is intrinsically incapable of revealing the complex microstructures of brain tissues. Diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI) employs a pulse sequence with different b-values along multiple gradient directions to sample the diffusion information of water molecules in the entire q-space and then quantitatively estimates the diffusion profile using a probability density function with a high angular resolution. Studies have suggested that DSI can reliably observe the multidirectional fibers within each voxel and allow fiber tracking along different directions, which can improve fiber reconstruction reflecting the true but complicated brain structures that were not observed in the previous DTI studies. Moreover, with increasing angular resolution, DSI is able to reveal new neuroimaging biomarkers used for disease diagnosis and the prediction of disorder progression. However, so far, this method has not been used widely in clinical studies, due to its overly long scanning time and difficult post-processing. Within this context, the current paper aims to conduct a comprehensive review of DSI research, including the fundamental principles, methodology, and application progress of DSI tractography. By summarizing the DSI studies in recent years, we propose potential solutions towards the existing problem in the methodology and applications of DSI technology as follows: (1) using compressed sensing to undersample data and to reconstruct the diffusion signal may be an efficient and promising method for reducing scanning time; (2) the probability density function includes more information than the orientation distribution function, and it should be extended in application studies; and (3) large-sample study is encouraged to confirm the reliability and reproducibility of findings in clinical diseases. These findings may help deepen the understanding of the DSI method and promote its development in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenfen Sun
- Center for Brain, Mind and Education, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China; (F.S.); (Y.H.); (J.W.)
| | - Yingwen Huang
- Center for Brain, Mind and Education, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China; (F.S.); (Y.H.); (J.W.)
| | - Jingru Wang
- Center for Brain, Mind and Education, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China; (F.S.); (Y.H.); (J.W.)
| | - Wenjun Hong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Afiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China;
| | - Zhiyong Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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Pretzel P, Wilke M, Tournier JD, Goelz R, Lidzba K, Hauser TK, Groeschel S. Reduced structural connectivity in non-motor networks in children born preterm and the influence of early postnatal human cytomegalovirus infection. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1241387. [PMID: 37849834 PMCID: PMC10577195 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1241387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Preterm birth is increasingly recognized to cause lifelong functional deficits, which often show no correlate in conventional MRI. In addition, early postnatal infection with human cytomegalovirus (hCMV) is being discussed as a possible cause for further impairments. In the present work, we used fixel-based analysis of diffusion-weighted MRI to assess long-term white matter alterations associated with preterm birth and/or early postnatal hCMV infection. Materials and methods 36 former preterms (PT, median age 14.8 years, median gestational age 28 weeks) and 18 healthy term-born controls (HC, median age 11.1 years) underwent high angular resolution DWI scans (1.5 T, b = 2 000 s/mm2, 60 directions) as well as clinical assessment. All subjects showed normal conventional MRI and normal motor function. Early postnatal hCMV infection status (CMV+ and CMV-) had been determined from repeated screening, ruling out congenital infections. Whole-brain analysis was performed, yielding fixel-wise metrics for fiber density (FD), fiber cross-section (FC), and fiber density and cross-section (FDC). Group differences were identified in a whole-brain analysis, followed by an analysis of tract-averaged metrics within a priori selected tracts associated with cognitive function. Both analyses were repeated while differentiating for postnatal hCMV infection status. Results PT showed significant reductions of fixel metrics bilaterally in the cingulum, the genu corporis callosum and forceps minor, the capsula externa, and cerebellar and pontine structures. After including intracranial volume as a covariate, reductions remained significant in the cingulum. The tract-specific investigation revealed further reductions bilaterally in the superior longitudinal fasciculus and the uncinate fasciculus. When differentiating for hCMV infection status, no significant differences were found between CMV+ and CMV-. However, comparing CMV+ against HC, fixel metric reductions were of higher magnitude and of larger spatial extent than in CMV- against HC. Conclusion Preterm birth can lead to long-lasting alterations of WM micro- and macrostructure, not visible on conventional MRI. Alterations are located predominantly in WM structures associated with cognitive function, likely underlying the cognitive deficits observed in our cohort. These observed structural alterations were more pronounced in preterms who suffered from early postnatal hCMV infection, in line with previous studies suggesting an additive effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Pretzel
- Department of Child Neurology and Developmental Medicine, University Children’s Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
- Experimental Pediatric Neuroimaging, Department of Child Neurology and Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marko Wilke
- Department of Child Neurology and Developmental Medicine, University Children’s Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
- Experimental Pediatric Neuroimaging, Department of Child Neurology and Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - J-Donald Tournier
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rangmar Goelz
- Department of Neonatology, University Children’s Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karen Lidzba
- Division of Neuropaediatrics, Development and Rehabilitation, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Samuel Groeschel
- Department of Child Neurology and Developmental Medicine, University Children’s Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
- Experimental Pediatric Neuroimaging, Department of Child Neurology and Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
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20
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Ayyıldız N, Beyer F, Üstün S, Kale EH, Mançe Çalışır Ö, Uran P, Öner Ö, Olkun S, Anwander A, Witte AV, Villringer A, Çiçek M. Changes in the superior longitudinal fasciculus and anterior thalamic radiation in the left brain are associated with developmental dyscalculia. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1147352. [PMID: 37868699 PMCID: PMC10586317 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1147352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Developmental dyscalculia is a neurodevelopmental disorder specific to arithmetic learning even with normal intelligence and age-appropriate education. Difficulties often persist from childhood through adulthood lowering the individual's quality of life. However, the neural correlates of developmental dyscalculia are poorly understood. This study aimed to identify brain structural connectivity alterations in developmental dyscalculia. All participants were recruited from a large scale, non-referred population sample in a longitudinal design. We studied 10 children with developmental dyscalculia (11.3 ± 0.7 years) and 16 typically developing peers (11.2 ± 0.6 years) using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. We assessed white matter microstructure with tract-based spatial statistics in regions-of-interest tracts that had previously been related to math ability in children. Then we used global probabilistic tractography for the first time to measure and compare tract length between developmental dyscalculia and typically developing groups. The high angular resolution diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and crossing-fiber probabilistic tractography allowed us to evaluate the length of the pathways compared to previous studies. The major findings of our study were reduced white matter coherence and shorter tract length of the left superior longitudinal/arcuate fasciculus and left anterior thalamic radiation in the developmental dyscalculia group. Furthermore, the lower white matter coherence and shorter pathways tended to be associated with the lower math performance. These results from the regional analyses indicate that learning, memory and language-related pathways in the left hemisphere might be related to developmental dyscalculia in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazife Ayyıldız
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, Health Sciences Institute and Brain Research Center, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Frauke Beyer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Subproject A1, CRC 1052 “Obesity Mechanisms”, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sertaç Üstün
- Department of Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, Health Sciences Institute and Brain Research Center, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
- Neuroscience and Neurotechnology Center of Excellence, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Emre H. Kale
- Department of Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, Health Sciences Institute and Brain Research Center, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Öykü Mançe Çalışır
- Department of Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, Health Sciences Institute and Brain Research Center, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
- Program of Counseling and Guidance, Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Pınar Uran
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Izmir Democracy University, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Özgür Öner
- Department of Child and Adolescence Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Bahçeşehir University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Sinan Olkun
- Department of Elementary Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Alfred Anwander
- Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - A. Veronica Witte
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Arno Villringer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- MindBrainBody Institute, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Charité and Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Metehan Çiçek
- Department of Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, Health Sciences Institute and Brain Research Center, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
- Neuroscience and Neurotechnology Center of Excellence, Ankara, Türkiye
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21
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Reibelt A, Quandt F, Schulz R. Posterior parietal cortical areas and recovery after motor stroke: a scoping review. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad250. [PMID: 37810465 PMCID: PMC10551853 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain imaging and electrophysiology have significantly enhanced our current understanding of stroke-related changes in brain structure and function and their implications for recovery processes. In the motor domain, most studies have focused on key motor areas of the frontal lobe including the primary and secondary motor cortices. Time- and recovery-dependent alterations in regional anatomy, brain activity and inter-regional connectivity have been related to recovery. In contrast, the involvement of posterior parietal cortical areas in stroke recovery is poorly understood although these regions are similarly important for important aspects of motor functioning in the healthy brain. Just in recent years, the field has increasingly started to explore to what extent posterior parietal cortical areas might undergo equivalent changes in task-related activation, regional brain structure and inter-regional functional and structural connectivity after stroke. The aim of this scoping review is to give an update on available data covering these aspects and thereby providing novel insights into parieto-frontal interactions for systems neuroscience stroke recovery research in the upper limb motor domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Reibelt
- Experimental Electrophysiology and Neuroimaging Lab, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fanny Quandt
- Experimental Electrophysiology and Neuroimaging Lab, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Robert Schulz
- Experimental Electrophysiology and Neuroimaging Lab, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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22
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Dipnall LM, Hourani D, Darling S, Anderson V, Sciberras E, Silk TJ. Fronto-parietal white matter microstructure associated with working memory performance in children with ADHD. Cortex 2023; 166:243-257. [PMID: 37406409 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2023.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with many functional impairments thought to be underpinned by difficulties in executive function domains such as working memory. The superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) plays an integral role in the development of working memory in neurotypical children. Neuroimaging research suggests reduced white matter organization of the SLF may contribute to working memory difficulties commonly seen in ADHD. This study aimed to examine the relationship between white matter organization of the SLF and working memory in children with ADHD. METHODS We examined the association of tract volume and apparent fibre density (AFD) of the SLF with working memory in children with ADHD (n = 64) and controls (n = 58) aged 9-11years. Children completed a computerized spatial n-back task and underwent diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI). Constrained spherical deconvolution-based tractography was used to construct the three branches of the SLF bilaterally and examine volume and AFD of the SLF. RESULTS Regression analyses revealed children with ADHD exhibited poorer working memory, and lower volume and AFD of the left SLF-II compared to healthy controls. There was also an association between reaction time and variability (RT and RT-V) and the left SLF-II. Further analyses revealed volume of the left SLF-II mediated the relationship between ADHD and working memory performance (RT and RT-V). DISCUSSION These findings add to the current body of ADHD literature, revealing the potential role of frontoparietal white matter in working memory difficulties in ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danah Hourani
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Simone Darling
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Vicki Anderson
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Emma Sciberras
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Timothy J Silk
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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23
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Valdes PA, Ng S, Bernstock JD, Duffau H. Development of an educational method to rethink and learn oncological brain surgery in an "a la carte" connectome-based perspective. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2023; 165:2489-2500. [PMID: 37199758 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-023-05626-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the structural connectivity of white matter tracts (WMT) and their related functions is a prerequisite to implementing an "a la carte" "connectomic approach" to glioma surgery. However, accessible resources facilitating such an approach are lacking. Here we present an educational method that is readily accessible, simple, and reproducible that enables the visualization of WMTs on individual patient images via an atlas-based approach. METHODS Our method uses the patient's own magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images and consists of three main steps: data conversion, normalization, and visualization; these are accomplished using accessible software packages and WMT atlases. We implement our method on three common cases encountered in glioma surgery: a right supplementary motor area tumor, a left insular tumor, and a left temporal tumor. RESULTS Using patient-specific perioperative MRIs with open-sourced and co-registered atlas-derived WMTs, we highlight the critical subnetworks requiring specific surgical monitoring identified intraoperatively using direct electrostimulation mapping with cognitive monitoring. The aim of this didactic method is to provide the neurosurgical oncology community with an accessible and ready-to-use educational tool, enabling neurosurgeons to improve their knowledge of WMTs and to better learn their oncologic cases, especially in glioma surgery using awake mapping. CONCLUSIONS Taking no more than 3-5 min per patient and irrespective of their resource settings, we believe that this method will enable junior surgeons to develop an intuition, and a robust 3-dimensional imagery of WMT by regularly applying it to their cases both before and after surgery to develop an "a la carte" connectome-based perspective to glioma surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo A Valdes
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, CHU Montpellier, 80 Av Augustin Fliche, 34295, Montpellier, France.
| | - Sam Ng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, CHU Montpellier, 80 Av Augustin Fliche, 34295, Montpellier, France
- Team "Plasticity of Central Nervous System, Human Stem Cells and Glial Tumors", Institute of Functional Genomics, INSERM U1191, University of Montpellier, 141 Rue de la cardonille, 34091, Montpellier, France
| | - Joshua D Bernstock
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hugues Duffau
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, CHU Montpellier, 80 Av Augustin Fliche, 34295, Montpellier, France
- Team "Plasticity of Central Nervous System, Human Stem Cells and Glial Tumors", Institute of Functional Genomics, INSERM U1191, University of Montpellier, 141 Rue de la cardonille, 34091, Montpellier, France
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24
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Thams F, Li SC, Flöel A, Antonenko D. Functional Connectivity and Microstructural Network Correlates of Interindividual Variability in Distinct Executive Functions of Healthy Older Adults. Neuroscience 2023; 526:61-73. [PMID: 37321368 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Executive functions, essential for daily life, are known to be impaired in older age. Some executive functions, including working memory updating and value-based decision-making, are specifically sensitive to age-related deterioration. While their neural correlates in young adults are well-described, a comprehensive delineation of the underlying brain substrates in older populations, relevant to identify targets for modulation against cognitive decline, is missing. Here, we assessed letter updating and Markov decision-making task performance to operationalize these trainable functions in 48 older adults. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was acquired to quantify functional connectivity (FC) in task-relevant frontoparietal and default mode networks. Microstructure in white matter pathways mediating executive functions was assessed with diffusion tensor imaging and quantified by tract-based fractional anisotropy (FA). Superior letter updating performance correlated with higher FC between dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and left frontoparietal and hippocampal areas, while superior Markov decision-making performance correlated with decreased FC between basal ganglia and right angular gyrus. Furthermore, better working memory updating performance was related to higher FA in the cingulum bundle and the superior longitudinal fasciculus. Stepwise linear regression showed that cingulum bundle FA added significant incremental contribution to the variance explained by fronto-angular FC alone. Our findings provide a characterization of distinct functional and structural connectivity correlates associated with performance of specific executive functions. Thereby, this study contributes to the understanding of the neural correlates of updating and decision-making functions in older adults, paving the way for targeted modulation of specific networks by modulatory techniques such as behavioral interventions and non-invasive brain stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Thams
- Department of Neurology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Shu-Chen Li
- Chair of Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, TU Dresden, Zellescher Weg 17, 01062 Dresden, Germany; Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop, TU Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Agnes Flöel
- Department of Neurology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, 17475 Greifswald, Germany; German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Standort Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Daria Antonenko
- Department of Neurology, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
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25
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Danielli E, Simard N, DeMatteo CA, Kumbhare D, Ulmer S, Noseworthy MD. A review of brain regions and associated post-concussion symptoms. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1136367. [PMID: 37602240 PMCID: PMC10435092 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1136367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The human brain is an exceptionally complex organ that is comprised of billions of neurons. Therefore, when a traumatic event such as a concussion occurs, somatic, cognitive, behavioral, and sleep impairments are the common outcome. Each concussion is unique in the sense that the magnitude of biomechanical forces and the direction, rotation, and source of those forces are different for each concussive event. This helps to explain the unpredictable nature of post-concussion symptoms that can arise and resolve. The purpose of this narrative review is to connect the anatomical location, healthy function, and associated post-concussion symptoms of some major cerebral gray and white matter brain regions and the cerebellum. As a non-exhaustive description of post-concussion symptoms nor comprehensive inclusion of all brain regions, we have aimed to amalgamate the research performed for specific brain regions into a single article to clarify and enhance clinical and research concussion assessment. The current status of concussion diagnosis is highly subjective and primarily based on self-report of symptoms, so this review may be able to provide a connection between brain anatomy and the clinical presentation of concussions to enhance medical imaging assessments. By explaining anatomical relevance in terms of clinical concussion symptom presentation, an increased understanding of concussions may also be achieved to improve concussion recognition and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Danielli
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Imaging Research Centre, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- KITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nicholas Simard
- Imaging Research Centre, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Carol A. DeMatteo
- ARiEAL Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Dinesh Kumbhare
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Imaging Research Centre, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- KITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephan Ulmer
- Neurorad.ch, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael D. Noseworthy
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Imaging Research Centre, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- ARiEAL Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Radiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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26
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Hwang YG, Pae C, Song CR, Kim HJ, Bang M, Park CI, Choi TK, Kim MK, Lee SH. Self-compassion is associated with the superior longitudinal fasciculus in the mirroring network in healthy individuals. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12264. [PMID: 37507513 PMCID: PMC10382476 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39384-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-compassion (SC) involves taking an emotionally positive attitude towards oneself when suffering. Although SC has positive effects on mental well-being as well as a protective role in preventing symptoms in healthy individuals, few studies on white matter (WM) microstructures in neuroimaging studies of SC has been studied. Brain imaging data were acquired from 71 healthy participants. WM regions of mirroring network were analyzed using tract-based spatial statistics. After the WM regions associated with SC were extracted, exploratory correlation analysis with the self-forgiveness scale, the coping scale, and the world health organization quality of life scale abbreviated version was performed. We found that self-compassion scale total scores were negatively correlated with the fractional anisotropy (FA) values of the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) in healthy individuals. The self-kindness and mindfulness subscale scores were also negatively correlated with FA values of the same regions. These FA values were negatively correlated with the total scores of self-forgiveness scale, and self-control coping strategy and confrontation coping strategy. Our findings suggest levels of SC may be associated with WM microstructural changes of SLF in healthy individuals. These lower WM microstructures may be associated with positive personal attitudes, such as self-forgiveness, self-control and active confrontational strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong-Geon Hwang
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13496, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Clinical Counseling Psychology, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Chongwon Pae
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Rim Song
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ju Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Bang
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Il Park
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Tai Kiu Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyoung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Ilsan Medical Center, CHA University, 1205, Jungang-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10414, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Hyuk Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13496, Republic of Korea.
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Chen Z, Bo Q, Zhao L, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Zhou Y, Wang C. White matter microstructural abnormalities in individuals with attenuated positive symptom syndromes. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 163:150-158. [PMID: 37210833 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
White matter (WM) microstructural alterations have been extensively studied in patients with psychosis, but research on the microstructure of WM in individuals with attenuated positive symptom syndrome (APSS) is currently limited. To improve the understanding of the neuropathology in APSS, this study investigated the WM of individuals with APSS using diffusion tensor and T1-weighted imaging. Automated fiber quantification was used to calculate the diffusion index values along the trajectories of 20 major fiber tracts in 42 individuals with APSS and 51 age-and sex-matched healthy control (HC) individuals. The diffusion index values in each of fiber tracts were compared node-by-node between the 2 groups. Compared with the HC group, the APSS group showed differences in the diffusion index values in partial segments of the callosum forceps minor, left and right cingulum cingulate, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, right corticospinal tract, left superior longitudinal fasciculus, and arcuate fasciculus. Notably, in the APSS group positive associations were found between the axial diffusivity values of the partial nodes of the left and right cingulum cingulate and the current Global Assessment of Functioning scores, as well as between the axial diffusivity values of the partial nodes of the right corticospinal tract and negative symptoms scores and reasoning and problem-solving scores. These findings suggest that individuals with APSS exhibit reduced WM integrity or possible impaired myelin in certain segments of WM tracts involved in the frontal- and limbic-cortical connections. Additionally, abnormal WM tracts appear to be associated with impaired general function and neurocognitive function. This study provides important new insights into the neurobiology of APSS and highlights potential targets for future intervention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhu Chen
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100088, China; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Center of Schizophrenia, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Qijing Bo
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100088, China; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Center of Schizophrenia, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100088, China.
| | - Lei Zhao
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100088, China; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Center of Schizophrenia, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Yimeng Wang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100088, China; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Center of Schizophrenia, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Zhifang Zhang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100088, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chuanyue Wang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100088, China; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Center of Schizophrenia, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100088, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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28
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Brown O, Healey K, Fang Z, Zemek R, Smith A, Ledoux AA. Associations between psychological resilience and metrics of white matter microstructure in pediatric concussion. Hum Brain Mapp 2023. [PMID: 37126608 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated associations between psychological resilience and characteristics of white matter microstructure in pediatric concussion. This is a case control study and a planned substudy of a larger randomized controlled trial. Children with an acute concussion or orthopedic injury were recruited from the emergency department. Participants completed both the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 10 and an MRI at 72 h and 4-weeks post-injury. The association between resiliency and fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) at both timepoints were examined. We examined whether these associations were moderated by group. The association between resiliency captured at 72 h and diffusion tensor imaging metrics at 4 weeks was also investigated. Clusters were extracted using a significance threshold of threshold-free cluster enhancement corrected p < .05. A total of 66 children with concussion (median (IQR) age = 12.88 (IQR: 11.80-14.36); 47% female) and 29 children with orthopedic-injury (median (IQR) age = 12.49 (IQR: 11.18-14.01); 41% female) were included. A negative correlation was identified in the concussion group between 72 h resilience and 72 h FA. Meanwhile, positive correlations were identified in the concussion group with concussion between 72 h resilience and both 72 h MD and 72 h RD. These findings suggest that 72 h resilience is associated with white matter microstructure of the forceps minor, superior longitudinal fasciculus, and anterior thalamic radiation at 72 h post-concussion. Resilience seems to be associated with neural integrity only in the acute phase of concussion and thus may be considered when researching concussion recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Brown
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katherine Healey
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zhuo Fang
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Roger Zemek
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andra Smith
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrée-Anne Ledoux
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cellular Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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29
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Kamali A, Milosavljevic S, Gandhi A, Lano KR, Shobeiri P, Sherbaf FG, Sair HI, Riascos RF, Hasan KM. The Cortico-Limbo-Thalamo-Cortical Circuits: An Update to the Original Papez Circuit of the Human Limbic System. Brain Topogr 2023; 36:371-389. [PMID: 37148369 PMCID: PMC10164017 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-023-00955-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The Papez circuit, first proposed by James Papez in 1937, is a circuit believed to control memory and emotions, composed of the cingulate cortex, entorhinal cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, hippocampus, hypothalamus, and thalamus. Pursuant to James Papez, Paul Yakovlev and Paul MacLean incorporated the prefrontal/orbitofrontal cortex, septum, amygdalae, and anterior temporal lobes into the limbic system. Over the past few years, diffusion-weighted tractography techniques revealed additional limbic fiber connectivity, which incorporates multiple circuits to the already known complex limbic network. In the current review, we aimed to comprehensively summarize the anatomy of the limbic system and elaborate on the anatomical connectivity of the limbic circuits based on the published literature as an update to the original Papez circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Kamali
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Neuroradiology Section, University of Texas at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | | | - Anusha Gandhi
- Baylor College of Medicine Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kinsey R Lano
- McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Parnian Shobeiri
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University Medical School, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Ghazi Sherbaf
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Neuroradiology, The Russell H. Morgan, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Haris I Sair
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Neuroradiology, The Russell H. Morgan, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Roy F Riascos
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Neuroradiology Section, University of Texas at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Khader M Hasan
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Neuroradiology Section, University of Texas at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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30
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Shekari E, Nozari N. A narrative review of the anatomy and function of the white matter tracts in language production and comprehension. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1139292. [PMID: 37051488 PMCID: PMC10083342 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1139292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Much is known about the role of cortical areas in language processing. The shift towards network approaches in recent years has highlighted the importance of uncovering the role of white matter in connecting these areas. However, despite a large body of research, many of these tracts’ functions are not well-understood. We present a comprehensive review of the empirical evidence on the role of eight major tracts that are hypothesized to be involved in language processing (inferior longitudinal fasciculus, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, uncinate fasciculus, extreme capsule, middle longitudinal fasciculus, superior longitudinal fasciculus, arcuate fasciculus, and frontal aslant tract). For each tract, we hypothesize its role based on the function of the cortical regions it connects. We then evaluate these hypotheses with data from three sources: studies in neurotypical individuals, neuropsychological data, and intraoperative stimulation studies. Finally, we summarize the conclusions supported by the data and highlight the areas needing further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Shekari
- Department of Neuroscience, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazbanou Nozari
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition (CNBC), Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Nazbanou Nozari
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31
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Associations between the kynurenine pathway and the brain in patients with major depressive disorder-A systematic review of neuroimaging studies. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 121:110675. [PMID: 36372294 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that an imbalance in the kynurenine (KYN) pathway is an important pathophysiological mechanism of depression. Several studies have reported that an imbalance in the KYN pathway and its metabolites is associated with abnormalities in cerebral structure and function in depression, but the available evidence has been inconsistent. In this review, we systematically reviewed and integrated the findings concerning the associations between the KYN pathway and the brain in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). A total of 22 neuroimaging studies were ultimately included in the present study. The neuroimaging modalities used in the studies included structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diffusion tensor imaging, functional MRI, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, arterial spin labelling and positron emission tomography. The results revealed that an imbalance in the KYN pathway was associated with structural and functional abnormalities in several brain regions in patients with MDD. The brain regions most frequently associated with an imbalance in the KYN pathway were cortical regions (i.e., anterior cingulate cortex and orbitofrontal cortex), subcortical regions (i.e., striatum, thalamus and amygdala) and white matter fibres (i.e., inner capsule and left superior longitudinal tract). Our study provides robust evidence that cerebral abnormalities associated with the KYN pathway may be the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of MDD. Future prospective studies are needed to further elucidate the causal relationships between the imbalanced KYN pathway and cerebral abnormalities in patients with MDD.
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32
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Presurgical Executive Functioning in Low-Grade Glioma Patients Cannot Be Topographically Mapped. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030807. [PMID: 36765764 PMCID: PMC9913560 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Executive dysfunctions have a high prevalence in low-grade glioma patients and may be the result of structural disconnections of particular subcortical tracts and/or networks. However, little research has focused on preoperative low-grade glioma patients. The frontotemporoparietal network has been closely linked to executive functions and is substantiated by the superior longitudinal fasciculus. The aim of this study was to investigate their role in executive functions in low-grade glioma patients. Patients from two neurological centers were included with IDH-mutated low-grade gliomas. The sets of preoperative predictors were (i) distance between the tumor and superior longitudinal fasciculus, (ii) structural integrity of the superior longitudinal fasciculus, (iii) overlap between tumor and cortical networks, and (iv) white matter disconnection of the same networks. Linear regression and random forest analyses were performed. The group of 156 patients demonstrated significantly lower performance than normative samples and had a higher prevalence of executive impairments. However, both regression and random forest analyses did not demonstrate significant results, meaning that neither structural, cortical network overlap, nor network disconnection predictors explained executive performance. Overall, our null results indicate that there is no straightforward topographical explanation of executive performance in low-grade glioma patients. We extensively discuss possible explanations, including plasticity-induced network-level equipotentiality. Finally, we stress the need for the development of novel methods to unveil the complex and interacting mechanisms that cause executive deficits in low-grade glioma patients.
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33
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Wong JKY, Churchill NW, Graham SJ, Baker AJ, Schweizer TA. Altered connectivity of default mode and executive control networks among female patients with persistent post-concussion symptoms. Brain Inj 2023; 37:147-158. [PMID: 36594665 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2022.2163290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the roles of the default mode network (DMN) and executive control network (ECN) in prolonged recovery after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), and relationships with indices of white matter microstructural injury. METHODS Seventeen mTBI patients with persistent symptoms were imaged an average of 21.5 months post-injury, along with 23 healthy controls. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) was used to evaluate functional connectivity (FC) of the DMN and ECN. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) quantified fractional anisotropy, along with mean, axial and radial diffusivity of white matter tracts. RESULTS Compared to controls, patients with mTBI had increased functional connectivity of the DMN and ECN to brain regions implicated in salience and frontoparietal networks, and increased white matter diffusivity within the cerebrum and brainstem. Among the patients, FC was correlated with better neurocognitive test scores, while diffusivity was correlated with more severe self-reported symptoms. The FC and diffusivity values within abnormal brain regions were not significantly correlated. CONCLUSION For female mTBI patients with prolonged symptoms, hyper-connectivity may represent a compensatory response that helps to mitigate the effects of mTBI on cognition. These effects are unrelated to indices of microstructural injury, which are correlated with symptom severity, suggesting that rs-fMRI and DTI may capture distinct aspects of pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy K Y Wong
- Brain Health and Wellness Research Program St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Neuroscience Research Program, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Nathan W Churchill
- Brain Health and Wellness Research Program St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Neuroscience Research Program, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Physics Department, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Simon J Graham
- Sunnybrook Research Institute of Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada.,Physical Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine (medical Biophysics), University of Toronto Toronto, Canada
| | - Andrew J Baker
- Brain Health and Wellness Research Program St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine (Institute of Medical Science), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Anesthesia, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tom A Schweizer
- Brain Health and Wellness Research Program St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Neuroscience Research Program, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine (Neurosurgery), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,The Institute of Biomedical Engineering (BME), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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34
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Seghier ML. Multiple functions of the angular gyrus at high temporal resolution. Brain Struct Funct 2023; 228:7-46. [PMID: 35674917 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-022-02512-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Here, the functions of the angular gyrus (AG) are evaluated in the light of current evidence from transcranial magnetic/electric stimulation (TMS/TES) and EEG/MEG studies. 65 TMS/TES and 52 EEG/MEG studies were examined in this review. TMS/TES literature points to a causal role in semantic processing, word and number processing, attention and visual search, self-guided movement, memory, and self-processing. EEG/MEG studies reported AG effects at latencies varying between 32 and 800 ms in a wide range of domains, with a high probability to detect an effect at 300-350 ms post-stimulus onset. A three-phase unifying model revolving around the process of sensemaking is then suggested: (1) early AG involvement in defining the current context, within the first 200 ms, with a bias toward the right hemisphere; (2) attention re-orientation and retrieval of relevant information within 200-500 ms; and (3) cross-modal integration at late latencies with a bias toward the left hemisphere. This sensemaking process can favour accuracy (e.g. for word and number processing) or plausibility (e.g. for comprehension and social cognition). Such functions of the AG depend on the status of other connected regions. The much-debated semantic role is also discussed as follows: (1) there is a strong TMS/TES evidence for a causal semantic role, (2) current EEG/MEG evidence is however weak, but (3) the existing arguments against a semantic role for the AG are not strong. Some outstanding questions for future research are proposed. This review recognizes that cracking the role(s) of the AG in cognition is possible only when its exact contributions within the default mode network are teased apart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed L Seghier
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, UAE. .,Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center (HEIC), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
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35
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The structural connectivity of the human angular gyrus as revealed by microdissection and diffusion tractography. Brain Struct Funct 2023; 228:103-120. [PMID: 35995880 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-022-02551-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The angular gyrus (AG) has been described in numerous studies to be consistently activated in various functional tasks. The angular gyrus is a critical connector epicenter linking multiple functional networks due to its location in the posterior part of the inferior parietal cortex, namely at the junction between the parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes. It is thus crucial to identify the different pathways that anatomically connect this high-order association region to the rest of the brain. Our study revisits the three-dimensional architecture of the structural AG connectivity by combining state-of-the-art postmortem blunt microdissection with advanced in vivo diffusion tractography to comprehensively describe the association, projection, and commissural fibers that connect the human angular gyrus. AG appears as a posterior "angular stone" of associative connections belonging to mid- and long-range dorsal and ventral fibers of the superior and inferior longitudinal systems, respectively, to short-range parietal, occipital, and temporal fibers, including U-shaped fibers in the posterior transverse system. Thus, AG is at a pivotal dorso-ventral position reflecting its critical role in the different functional networks, particularly in language elaboration and spatial attention and awareness in the left and right hemispheres, respectively. We also reveal striatal, thalamic, and brainstem connections and a typical inter-hemispheric homotopic callosal connectivity supporting the suggested AG role in the integration of sensory input for modulating motor control and planning. The present description of AG's highly distributed wiring diagram may drastically improve intraoperative subcortical testing and post-operative neurologic outcomes related to surgery in and around the angular gyrus.
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36
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Prasse G, Meyer HJ, Scherlach C, Maybaum J, Hoffmann A, Kasper J, Karl Fehrenbach M, Wilhelmy F, Meixensberger J, Hoffmann KT, Wende T. Preoperative language tract integrity is a limiting factor in recovery from aphasia after glioma surgery. Neuroimage Clin 2023; 37:103310. [PMID: 36586359 PMCID: PMC9817026 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Aphasia can occur in a broad range of pathological conditions that affect cortical or subcortical structures. Here we test the hypothesis that white matter integrity of language pathways assessed by preoperative diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is associated with language performance and its recovery after glioma resection. 27 patients with preoperative DTI were included. Segmentation of the arcuate fascicle (AF), the inferior fronto-occipital fascicle (IFOF), the inferior longitudinal fascicle (ILF), the superior longitudinal fascicle (SLF), and the uncinate fascicle (UF) was performed with a fully-connected neural network (FCNN, TractSeg). Median fractional anisotropy (FA) was extracted from the resulting volumes as surrogate marker for white matter integrity and tested for correlation with clinical parameters. After correction for demographic data and multiple testing, preoperative white matter integrity of the IFOF, the ILF, and the UF in the left hemisphere were independently and significantly associated with aphasia three months after surgery. Comparison between patients with and without aphasia three months after surgery revealed significant differences in preoperative white matter integrity of the left AF (p = 0.021), left IFOF (p = 0.015), left ILF (p = 0.003), left SLF (p = 0.001, p = 0.021, p = 0.043 for respective sub-bundles 1-3), left UF (p = 0.041) and the right AF (p = 0.027). Preoperative assessment of white matter integrity of the language network by time-efficient MRI protocols and FCNN-driven segmentation may assist in the evaluation of postoperative rehabilitation potential in glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordian Prasse
- Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Hans-Jonas Meyer
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Cordula Scherlach
- Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jens Maybaum
- Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anastasia Hoffmann
- Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johannes Kasper
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Florian Wilhelmy
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Karl-Titus Hoffmann
- Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tim Wende
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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37
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Liang W, Yu Q, Wang W, Dhollander T, Suluba E, Li Z, Xu F, Hu Y, Tang Y, Liu S. A comparative study of the superior longitudinal fasciculus subdivisions between neonates and young adults. Brain Struct Funct 2022; 227:2713-2730. [PMID: 36114859 PMCID: PMC9618541 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-022-02565-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) is a complex associative tract comprising three distinct subdivisions in the frontoparietal cortex, each of which has its own anatomical connectivity and functional roles. However, many studies on white matter development, hampered by limitations of data quality and tractography methods, treated the SLF as a single entity. The exact anatomical trajectory and developmental status of each sub-bundle of the human SLF in neonates remain poorly understood. Here, we compared the morphological and microstructural characteristics of each branch of the SLF at two ages using diffusion MRI data from 40 healthy neonates and 40 adults. A multi-shell multi-tissue constrained spherical deconvolution (MSMT-CSD) algorithm was used to ensure the successful separation of the three SLF branches (SLF I, SLF II and SLF III). Then, between-group differences in the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) metrics were investigated in all the SLF branches. Meanwhile, Mahalanobis distances based on all the diffusion metrics were computed to quantify the maturation of neonatal SLF branches, considering the adult brain as the reference. The SLF branches, excluding SLF II, had similar fibre morphology and connectivity between the neonatal and adult groups. The Mahalanobis distance values further supported the notion of heterogeneous maturation among SLF branches. The greatest Mahalanobis distance was observed in SLF II, possibly indicating that it was the least mature. Our findings provide a new anatomical basis for the early diagnosis and treatment of diseases caused by abnormal neonatal SLF development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Liang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Research Center for Sectional and Imaging Anatomy, Shandong Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Shandong Key Laboratory of Digital Human and Clinical Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Qiaowen Yu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Research Center for Sectional and Imaging Anatomy, Shandong Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Shandong Key Laboratory of Digital Human and Clinical Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Thijs Dhollander
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Emmanuel Suluba
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Research Center for Sectional and Imaging Anatomy, Shandong Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Shandong Key Laboratory of Digital Human and Clinical Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Zhuoran Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Feifei Xu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Research Center for Sectional and Imaging Anatomy, Shandong Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Shandong Key Laboratory of Digital Human and Clinical Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Yang Hu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Research Center for Sectional and Imaging Anatomy, Shandong Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Shandong Key Laboratory of Digital Human and Clinical Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Yuchun Tang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Research Center for Sectional and Imaging Anatomy, Shandong Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Shandong Key Laboratory of Digital Human and Clinical Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
- Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
| | - Shuwei Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Research Center for Sectional and Imaging Anatomy, Shandong Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Shandong Key Laboratory of Digital Human and Clinical Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
- Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
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Structure of the Motor Descending Pathways Correlates with the Temporal Kinematics of Hand Movements. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11101482. [PMID: 36290386 PMCID: PMC9598379 DOI: 10.3390/biology11101482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary How hand motor behavior relates to the microstructure of the underlying subcortical white matter pathways is yet to be fully understood. Here we consider two well-known examples of our everyday motor repertoire, reaching and reach-to-grasp, by looking at their temporal unfolding and at the microstructure of descending projection pathways, conveying motor information from the motor cortices towards the more ventral regions of the nervous system. We combine three-dimensional kinematics, describing the temporal profile of hand movements, with diffusion imaging tractography, exploring the microstructure of specific segments of the projection pathways (internal capsule, corticospinal and hand motor tracts). The results indicate that the level of anisotropy characterizing these white matter tracts can influence the temporal unfolding of reaching and reach-to-grasp movements. Abstract The projection system, a complex organization of ascending and descending white matter pathways, is the principal system for conveying sensory and motor information, connecting frontal and sensorimotor regions with ventral regions of the central nervous system. The corticospinal tract (CST), one of the principal projection pathways, carries distal movement-related information from the cortex to the spinal cord, and whether its microstructure is linked to the kinematics of hand movements is still an open question. The aim of the present study was to explore how microstructure of descending branches of the projection system, namely the hand motor tract (HMT), the corticospinal tract (CST) and its sector within the internal capsule (IC), can relate to the temporal profile of reaching and reach-to-grasp movements. Projection pathways of 31 healthy subjects were virtually dissected by means of diffusion tractography and the kinematics of reaching and reach-to-grasp movements were also analyzed. A positive association between Hindrance Modulated Orientation Anisotropy (HMOA) and kinematics was observed, suggesting that anisotropy of the considered tract can influence the temporal unfolding of motor performance. We highlight, for the first time, that hand kinematics and the visuomotor transformation processes underlying reaching and reach-to-grasp movements relate to the microstructure of specific projection fibers subserving these movements.
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Gómez MJC, Beaulieu C, McMorris CA, Gibbard B, Tortorelli C, Lebel C. Frontoparietal and temporal white matter diffusion MRI in children and youth with prenatal alcohol exposure. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2022; 46:1808-1818. [PMID: 36016474 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is associated with brain alterations and neurocognitive deficits, but relationships between brain alterations and neurocognitive deficits remain unclear. METHODS Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data were obtained from 31 participants with PAE and 31 unexposed controls aged 7-15 years. Mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) were derived from the genu, body, and splenium of the corpus callosum (CC), bilateral cingulum, and inferior and superior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF, SLF). Participants completed language subtests from the NEPSY-II. Executive functioning was measured using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning (BRIEF-PR) and verbal learning was assessed using the California Verbal Learning Test-Children's Version (CVLT-C) only in children with PAE. Group differences in diffusion metrics and cognitive scores were tested. Principal component analysis was used to reduce redundancy in cognitive and behavior variables; associations between components and brain measures were then assessed. RESULTS Children with PAE had lower MD in the right SLF compared with unexposed controls. FA was positively related to age in 6 of 9 tracts and MD negatively related to age in all tracts; there were no significant age-by-group interactions. Participants with PAE scored lower than unexposed peers on the NEPSY-II Comprehension of Instructions and Phonological Processing and above population norms (indicating worse performance) on the BRIEF-PR. Children with PAE had a negative association between a principal component closely associated with Speeded Naming and FA in the left SLF (PAE: p = 0.002) and left ILF (PAE: p = 0.002); unexposed controls showed no significant associations. CONCLUSION We found widespread cognitive difficulties in children with PAE, but relatively limited differences in brain metrics and associations with age. Different brain-cognitive relationships were found in children with PAE compared with controls. Overall, the results provide additional evidence that PAE may lead to cognitive difficulties and disrupt typical brain-function relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José C Gómez
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute (NMHI), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christian Beaulieu
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute (NMHI), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Carly A McMorris
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Werklund School of Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ben Gibbard
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Catherine Lebel
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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40
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Yeh FC. Population-based tract-to-region connectome of the human brain and its hierarchical topology. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4933. [PMID: 35995773 PMCID: PMC9395399 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32595-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Connectome maps region-to-region connectivities but does not inform which white matter pathways form the connections. Here we constructed a population-based tract-to-region connectome to fill this information gap. The constructed connectome quantifies the population probability of a white matter tract innervating a cortical region. The results show that ~85% of the tract-to-region connectome entries are consistent across individuals, whereas the remaining (~15%) have substantial individual differences requiring individualized mapping. Further hierarchical clustering on cortical regions revealed dorsal, ventral, and limbic networks based on the tract-to-region connective patterns. The clustering results on white matter bundles revealed the categorization of fiber bundle systems in the association pathways. This tract-to-region connectome provides insights into the connective topology between cortical regions and white matter bundles. The derived hierarchical relation further offers a categorization of gray and white matter structures. The brain connectome maps region-to-region connections but often ignores the role of the connecting pathways. Here, the authors mapped the tract-to-region relations to reveal the hierarchical relation of fiber bundles and dorsal, ventral, and limbic networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Cheng Yeh
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. .,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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41
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Jarret J, Ferré P, Chedid G, Bedetti C, Bore A, Joanette Y, Rouleau I, Maria Brambati S. Functional network and structural connections involved in picture naming. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2022; 231:105146. [PMID: 35709592 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2022.105146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We mapped the left hemisphere cortical regions and fiber bundles involved in picture naming in adults by integrating task-based fMRI with dMRI tractography. We showed that a ventral pathway that "maps image and sound to meaning" involves the middle occipital, inferior temporal, superior temporal, inferior frontal gyri, and the temporal pole where a signal exchange is made possible by the inferior fronto-occipital, inferior longitudinal, middle longitudinal, uncinate fasciculi, and the extreme capsule. A dorsal pathway that "maps sound to speech" implicates the inferior temporal, superior temporal, inferior frontal, precentral gyri, and the supplementary motor area where the arcuate fasciculus and the frontal aslant ensure intercommunication. This study provides a neurocognitive model of picture naming and supports the hypothesis that the ventral indirect route passes through the temporal pole. This further supports the idea that the inferior and superior temporal gyri may play pivotal roles within the dual-stream framework of language.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Jarret
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Perrine Ferré
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Georges Chedid
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Christophe Bedetti
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Arnaud Bore
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Yves Joanette
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Rouleau
- Département de psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQÀM), QC, Canada
| | - Simona Maria Brambati
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada.
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42
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Biswas A, Krishnan P, Vidarsson L, Shroff M. Cerebral White Matter Tract Anatomy. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 2022; 32:507-528. [PMID: 35843659 DOI: 10.1016/j.nic.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Advances in MR imaging techniques have allowed for detailed in vivo depiction of white matter tracts. The study of white matter structure and connectivity is of paramount importance in leukodystrophies, demyelinating disorders, neoplasms, and various cognitive, neuropsychiatric, and developmental disorders. The advent of advanced "function-preserving" surgical techniques also makes it imperative to understand white matter anatomy and connectivity, to provide accurate road maps for tumor and epilepsy surgery. In this review, we will describe cerebral white matter anatomy with the help of conventional MRI and diffusion tensor imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asthik Biswas
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555, University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G1X8, Canada; Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G1X8, Canada; Department of Radiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, London WC1N3JH, United Kingdom.
| | - Pradeep Krishnan
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555, University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G1X8, Canada; Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G1X8, Canada
| | - Logi Vidarsson
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555, University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G1X8, Canada; Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G1X8, Canada
| | - Manohar Shroff
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555, University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G1X8, Canada; Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G1X8, Canada
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43
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Deng X, Liu L, Luo J, Liu L, Hui X, Feng H. Research on the Mechanism of Cognitive Decline in Patients With Acoustic Neuroma. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:933825. [PMID: 35860298 PMCID: PMC9289464 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.933825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about neuropsychological research on patients with acoustic neuroma (AN), especially cognitive neuropsychology. We aim to compare the cognitive function of patients with AN and healthy controls (HCs) and explore possible underlying mechanisms. Various neuropsychological assessments were performed on all participants. Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) was used to compare DTI metrics such as fractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivity (AD), radial diffusivity (RD), and mean diffusivity (MD). Correlation analysis was analyzed between DTI metrics and cognitive scales. Compared with the HC group, the AN group performed worse in the neuropsychological evaluations, and TBSS analysis showed widespread alteration of the FA, AD, RD, and MD, which correlated with the cognitive function. These white matter tracts include minor forceps, major forceps, anterior thalamic radiation, superior longitudinal fasciculus, corticospinal tract, and right inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus. Meanwhile, we found for the first time that cognitive decline was related to the decrease of FA in minor forceps, which can be used as a neurobiological marker of cognitive impairment in patients with AN. The occurrence of cognition impairment is common in patients with AN. Including neuropsychological evaluation in the routine clinical assessment and appropriate treatment may strengthen clinical management and improve the quality of life of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyun Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Nanchong Central Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Lizhen Liu
- Department of Radiology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Luo
- Department of Radiology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lihua Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Nanchong Central Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xuhui Hui
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Xuhui Hui
| | - Hua Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Hua Feng
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44
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Silva NCBS, Dao E, Hsu CL, Tam RC, Stein R, Alkeridy W, Laule C, Vavasour IM, Liu-Ambrose T. Myelin Content and Gait Impairment in Older Adults with Cerebral Small Vessel Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment. Neurobiol Aging 2022; 119:56-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2022.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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45
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Sibgatulin R, Güllmar D, Deistung A, Enzinger C, Ropele S, Reichenbach JR. Magnetic susceptibility anisotropy in normal appearing white matter in multiple sclerosis from single-orientation acquisition. Neuroimage Clin 2022; 35:103059. [PMID: 35661471 PMCID: PMC9163587 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) has been successfully applied to study changes in deep grey matter nuclei as well as in lesional tissue, but its application to white matter has been complicated by the observed orientation dependence of gradient echo signal. The anisotropic susceptibility tensor is thought to be at the origin of this orientation dependence, and magnetic susceptibility anisotropy (MSA) derived from this tensor has been proposed as a marker of the state and integrity of the myelin sheath and may therefore be of particular interest for the study of demyelinating pathologies such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Reconstruction of the susceptibility tensor, however, requires repeated measurements with multiple head orientations, rendering the approach impractical for clinical applications. In this study, we combined single-orientation QSM with fibre orientation information to assess apparent MSA in three white matter tracts, i.e., optic radiation (OR), splenium of the corpus callosum (SCC), and superior longitudinal fascicle (SLF), in two cohorts of 64 healthy controls and 89 MS patients. The apparent MSA showed a significant decrease in optic radiation in the MS cohort compared with healthy controls. It decreased in the MS cohort with increasing lesion load in OR and with disease duration in the splenium. All of this suggests demyelination in normal appearing white matter. However, the apparent MSA observed in the SLF pointed to potential systematic issues that require further exploration to realize the full potential of the presented approach. Despite the limitations of such single-orientation ROI-specific estimation, we believe that our clinically feasible approach to study degenerative changes in WM is worthy of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renat Sibgatulin
- Medical Physics Group, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Daniel Güllmar
- Medical Physics Group, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Andreas Deistung
- University Clinic and Outpatient Clinic for Radiology, Department for Radiation Medicine, University Hospital Halle (Saale), Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Christian Enzinger
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 22, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Stefan Ropele
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 22, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Jürgen R Reichenbach
- Medical Physics Group, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany; Michael Stifel Center Jena for Data-Driven and Simulation Science, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
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46
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Hwang YE, Kim YB, Son YD. Finding Cortical Subregions Regarding the Dorsal Language Pathway Based on the Structural Connectivity. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:784340. [PMID: 35585994 PMCID: PMC9108242 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.784340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the language-related fiber pathways in the human brain, such as the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) and arcuate fasciculus (AF), are already well-known, understanding more sophisticated cortical regions connected by the fiber tracts is essential to scrutinize the structural connectivity of language circuits. With the regions of interest that were selected based on the Brainnetome atlas, the fiber orientation distribution estimation method for tractography was used to produce further elaborate connectivity information. The results indicated that both fiber bundles had two distinct connections with the prefrontal cortex (PFC). The SLF-II and dorsal AF are mainly connected to the rostrodorsal part of the inferior parietal cortex (IPC) and lateral part of the fusiform gyrus with the inferior frontal junction (IFJ), respectively. In contrast, the SLF-III and ventral AF were primarily linked to the anterior part of the supramarginal gyrus and superior part of the temporal cortex with the inferior frontal cortex, including the Broca's area. Moreover, the IFJ in the PFC, which has rarely been emphasized as a language-related subregion, also had the strongest connectivity with the previously known language-related subregions among the PFC; consequently, we proposed that these specific regions are interconnected via the SLF and AF within the PFC, IPC, and temporal cortex as language-related circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Eun Hwang
- Neuroscience Convergence Center, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Gachion Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (GAHIST), Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Young-Bo Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gil Medical Center, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Young-Don Son
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Gachion Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (GAHIST), Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Young-Don Son
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47
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Grotheer M, Kubota E, Grill-Spector K. Establishing the functional relevancy of white matter connections in the visual system and beyond. Brain Struct Funct 2022; 227:1347-1356. [PMID: 34846595 PMCID: PMC9046284 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-021-02423-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
For over a century, researchers have examined the functional relevancy of white matter bundles. Consequently, many large-scale bundles spanning several centimeters have been associated in their entirety with specific brain functions, such as language or attention. However, these coarse structural-functional relationships are at odds with modern understanding of the fine-grained functional organization of human cortex, such as the mosaic of category-selective regions in ventral temporal cortex. Here, we review a multimodal approach that combines fMRI to define functional regions of interest within individual's brains with dMRI tractography to identify the white matter bundles of the same individual. Combining these data allows to determine which subsets of streamlines within a white matter bundle connect to specific functional regions in each individual. That is, this approach identifies the functionally defined white matter sub-bundles of the brain. We argue that this approach not only enhances the accuracy of interpreting the functional relevancy of white matter bundles, but also enables segmentation of these large-scale bundles into meaningful functional units, which can then be linked to behavior with enhanced precision. Importantly, this approach has the potential for making new discoveries of the fine-grained functional relevancy of white matter connections in the visual system and the brain more broadly, akin to the flurry of research that has identified functional regions in cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareike Grotheer
- Department of Psychology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35032, Marburg, Germany.
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior-CMBB, Philipps-Universität Marburg and Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, 35037, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Emily Kubota
- Psychology Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Kalanit Grill-Spector
- Psychology Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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48
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Janelle F, Iorio-Morin C, D'amour S, Fortin D. Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus: A Review of the Anatomical Descriptions With Functional Correlates. Front Neurol 2022; 13:794618. [PMID: 35572948 PMCID: PMC9093186 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.794618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) is part of the longitudinal association fiber system, which lays connections between the frontal lobe and other areas of the ipsilateral hemisphere. As a dominant association fiber bundle, it should correspond to a well-defined structure with a clear anatomical definition. However, this is not the case, and a lot of confusion and overlap surrounds this entity. In this review/opinion study, we survey relevant current literature on the topic and try to clarify the definition of SLF in each hemisphere. After a comparison of postmortem dissections and data obtained from diffusion MRI studies, we discuss the specifics of this bundle regarding its anatomical landmarks, differences in lateralization, as well as individual variability. We also discuss the confusion regarding the arcuate fasciculus in relation to the SLF. Finally, we recommend a nomenclature based on the findings exposed in this review and finalize with a discussion on relevant functional correlates of the structure.
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49
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Nakayama Y, Sugawara SK, Fukunaga M, Hamano YH, Sadato N, Nishimura Y. The dorsal premotor cortex encodes the step-by-step planning processes for goal-directed motor behavior in humans. Neuroimage 2022; 256:119221. [PMID: 35447355 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) plays an essential role in visually guided goal-directed motor behavior. Although there are several planning processes for achieving goal-directed behavior, the separate neural processes are largely unknown. Here, we created a new visuo-goal task to investigate the step-by-step planning processes for visuomotor and visuo-goal behavior in humans. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we found activation in different portions of the bilateral PMd during each processing step. In particular, the activated area for rule-based visuomotor and visuo-goal mapping was located at the ventrorostral portion of the bilateral PMd, that for action plan specification was at the dorsocaudal portion of the left PMd, that for transformation was at the rostral portion of the left PMd, and that for action preparation was at the caudal portion of the bilateral PMd. Thus, the left PMd was involved throughout all of the processes, but the right PMd was involved only in rule-based visuomotor and visuo-goal mapping and action preparation. The locations related to each process were generally spatially separated from each other, but they overlapped partially. These findings revealed that there are functional subregions in the bilateral PMd in humans and these subregions form a functional gradient to achieve goal-directed behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihisa Nakayama
- Neural Prosthetics Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Kamikitazawa 2-1-6, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan; Frontal Lobe Function Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan.
| | - Sho K Sugawara
- Neural Prosthetics Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Kamikitazawa 2-1-6, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan; Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Masaki Fukunaga
- Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan; Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Hayama, Kanagawa 240-0193, Japan
| | - Yuki H Hamano
- Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Norihiro Sadato
- Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan; Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Hayama, Kanagawa 240-0193, Japan
| | - Yukio Nishimura
- Neural Prosthetics Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Kamikitazawa 2-1-6, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
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50
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Meisler SL, Gabrieli JDE. A large-scale investigation of white matter microstructural associations with reading ability. Neuroimage 2022; 249:118909. [PMID: 35033675 PMCID: PMC8919267 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.118909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Reading involves the functioning of a widely distributed brain network, and white matter tracts are responsible for transmitting information between constituent network nodes. Several studies have analyzed fiber bundle microstructural properties to shed insights into the neural basis of reading abilities and disabilities. Findings have been inconsistent, potentially due to small sample sizes and varying methodology. To address this, we analyzed a large data set of 686 children ages 5-18 using state-of-the-art neuroimaging acquisitions and processing techniques. We searched for associations between fractional anisotropy (FA) and single-word and single-nonword reading skills in children with diverse reading abilities across multiple tracts previously thought to contribute to reading. We also looked for group differences in tract FA between typically reading children and children with reading disabilities. FA of the white matter increased with age across all participants. There were no significant correlations between overall reading abilities and tract FAs across all children, and no significant group differences in tract FA between children with and without reading disabilities. There were associations between FA and nonword reading ability in older children (ages 9 and above). Higher FA in the right superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) and left inferior cerebellar peduncle (ICP) correlated with better nonword reading skills. These results suggest that letter-sound correspondence skills, as measured by nonword reading, are associated with greater white matter coherence among older children in these two tracts, as indexed by higher FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven L Meisler
- Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard University, 43 Vassar Street, Bldg. 46, Room 4033 Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
| | - John D E Gabrieli
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences and McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 43 Vassar Street, Bldg. 46, Room 4033 Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
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