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Saddiqa A, Zakir M, Sheikh M, Muneer Z, Hassan A, Ali I, Haq IU, Khan AA, Malik A, Siddiqi AR. On discovery of novel hub genes for ER+ and TN breast cancer types through RNA seq data analyses and classification models. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20840. [PMID: 39242688 PMCID: PMC11379961 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69721-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a malignant neoplasm which is classified into various types defined by underlying molecular factors such as estrogen receptor positive (ER+), progesterone receptor positive (PR+), human epidermal growth factor positive (HER2+) and triple negative (TNBC). Early detection of ER+ and TNBC is crucial in the choice of diagnosis and appropriate treatment strategy. Here we report the key genes associated to ER+ and TNBC using RNA-Seq analysis and machine learning models. Three ER+ and TNBC RNA seq datasets comprising 164 patients in-toto were selected for standard NGS hierarchical data processing and data analyses protocols. Enrichment pathway analysis and network analysis was done and finally top hub genes were identified. To come with a reliable classifier which could distinguish the distinct transcriptome patterns associated to ER+ and TNBC, ML models were built employing Naïve Bayes, SVM and kNN. 1730 common DEG's exhibiting significant logFC values with 0.05 p-value threshold were identified. A list of top ten hub genes were screened on the basis of maximal clique centrality (MCC) which included CDC20, CDK1, BUB1, AURKA, CDCA8, RRM2, TTK, CENPF, CEP55 and NDC80.These genes were found to be involved in crucial cell cycle pathways. k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN) model was observed to be best classifier with accuracy 84%, specificity 66% and sensitivity 95% to differentiate between ER+ and TNBC RNA-Seq transcriptomes. Our screened list of 10 hub genes can thus help unearth novel molecular signatures implicated in ER+ and TNBC onset, prognosis and design of novel protocols for breast cancer diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alishbah Saddiqa
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Group (CBBG), Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mahrukh Zakir
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Group (CBBG), Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mawara Sheikh
- Pakistan Agriculture Research Council, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zahid Muneer
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Group (CBBG), Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Arsalan Hassan
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Group (CBBG), Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Ali
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Group (CBBG), Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ihtisham Ul Haq
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, M. Strzody 9, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Azmat Ali Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 1145111451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Malik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 1145111451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdul Rauf Siddiqi
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Group (CBBG), Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Baráti L, Maász A, Mikó A, Bércesi É, Kalbani SA, Bene J, Kovács S, Mangel L, Hadzsiev K. Molecular genetic investigation of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer patients in the Southern Transdanubian region: widening the mutation spectrum and searching for new pathogenic variants using next-generation methods. Pathol Oncol Res 2024; 30:1611813. [PMID: 39148954 PMCID: PMC11324426 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2024.1611813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer is a well-known genetic condition, inherited mainly in an autosomal dominant way, which elevates the risk of developing malignancies at a young age in heterozygous carriers. Advances in new generation sequencing have enabled medical professionals to determine whether a patient is harbouring mutations in moderate- or high penetrance susceptibility genes. We conducted a retrospective analysis among 275 patients who underwent genetic counselling and multigene panel testing for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome in our department. From these patients 74.5% (205/275) were affected by some type of malignancy, while the remaining 25.5% (70/275) had a positive family history of different cancers, suggesting a genetic predisposition. These tests confirmed a genetic variant in 29.8% and 28.6% of these patient groups respectively. The results also mirrored our general knowledge concerning the genetic background of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer, as variants in either one of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes proved to be the most common cause among our patients with 41.5%. Our test also detected a novel mutation in the CDH1 gene and three patients with double heterozygosity in two different susceptibility genes. This study demonstrates the relevance of genetic counselling and non-BRCA gene sequencing among cancer patients and patients who fulfil the criteria for genetic testing, while also providing important details about the genetic profile of Hungarian patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- László Baráti
- Department of Medical Genetics, Clinical Centre, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Anita Maász
- Department of Medical Genetics, Clinical Centre, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Alexandra Mikó
- Department of Medical Genetics, Clinical Centre, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Éva Bércesi
- Department of Oncotherapy, Clinical Centre, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Sultan Al Kalbani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Clinical Centre, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Judit Bene
- Department of Medical Genetics, Clinical Centre, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Sebestyén Kovács
- Urology Clinic, Clinical Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - László Mangel
- Department of Oncotherapy, Clinical Centre, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Kinga Hadzsiev
- Department of Medical Genetics, Clinical Centre, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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Schei-Andersen AJ, Hendricks LAJ, van der Post RS, Mensenkamp AR, Schieving J, Schuurs-Hoeijmakers JHM, Hoogerbrugge N, Vos JR. Histopathological phenotyping of cancers in PTEN Hamartoma Tumor Syndrome for improved recognition: A single-center study. Int J Cancer 2024. [PMID: 38861330 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.35049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS) has a broad clinical spectrum including various benign and malignant tumors at varying age of diagnosis. Many patients remain unrecognized, unaware of their increased cancer risk. We aimed to describe the cancer spectrum, age of onset and histopathological cancer characteristics to assess whether specific cancer characteristics could improve PHTS recognition. Genetic testing results and pathology reports were collected for patients tested for germline PTEN variants between 1997 and 2020 from the diagnostic laboratory and the Dutch nationwide pathology databank (Palga). The cancer spectrum and age of onset were assessed in patients with (PTENpos) and without (PTENneg) a germline PTEN variant. Histopathological cancer characteristics were assessed in a nested cohort. 341 PTENpos patients (56% females) and 2882 PTENneg patients (66% females) were included. PTENpos patients presented mostly with female breast (BC, 30%), endometrial (EC, 6%), thyroid (TC, 4%) or colorectal cancer (4%). PTENpos were significantly younger at cancer onset (43 vs. 47 years) and had more often (46% vs. 18%) a second BC than PTENneg. PTEN detection rates were highest for BC <40 years (9%), TC <20 years (15%) and EC <50 years (28%), and dropped to 6%, 4%, and 15% by age 60. Histopathological characteristics were similar between groups. No histopathological cancer characteristics were distinctive for PHTS. However, PTENpos were significantly younger at cancer onset. Therefore early-onset BC, EC, or TC warrants consideration of PHTS diagnostics either through a pre-screen for other PHTS features or direct germline testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ane J Schei-Andersen
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Linda A J Hendricks
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rachel S van der Post
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Arjen R Mensenkamp
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jolanda Schieving
- Radboud Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Radboud University Medical Center, Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Nicoline Hoogerbrugge
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- European Reference Network Genetic Tumour Risk Syndromes (ERN GENTURIS)
| | - Janet R Vos
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- European Reference Network Genetic Tumour Risk Syndromes (ERN GENTURIS)
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Beyegue E, Afna F, Walantini J, Tata CM, Abdoulaye MG, Njamen D, Zingue S, Ndinteh DT. Dietary supplementation with seeds of Sesamum indicum L. (pedaliaceae) mitigates the 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced breast tumor burden in rats. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2024; 21:205-214. [PMID: 38515384 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2023-0266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sesamum indicum L. seeds; rich in zinc and lignans are endowed with antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties which attract research on their anticancer potential. Although many studies have reported the in vitro antitumor potential of S. indicum and its phytoconstituents, much is yet to be known about its in vivo effects. To fill this gap, the effects of dietary supplementation with seeds of S. indicum in 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-exposed rats was assessed. METHODS 42 rats aged 30-35 days were randomized into six groups (n=6) as follows: the normal (NOR) and negative (DMBA) control groups were fed with standard diet; the positive control group (DMBA + Zinc) was fed with standard diet supplemented with commercial zinc (0.01 %); the test groups were fed with standard diet supplemented with S. indicum seeds in different proportions (6.25 , 12.5 and 25 %). Breast cancer was induced by a single administration of DMBA (50 mg/kg BW, s.c.) diluted in corn oil. The experiment lasted 20 weeks and afterward, tumor incidence; tumor burden, tumor volume, tumor micro-architecture and some biochemical parameters were evaluated. RESULTS As salient result, 100 % of rats in the DMBA group developed tumors, while rats feed with rat chow supplemented with S. indicum seeds (25 %) had a reduced incidence of tumors (33.3 %) and tumor volume (2.71 cm3 in sesame 25 % vs. 4.69 cm3 in the DMBA group, p˂0.01). The seeds (25 %) also slowed DMBA-induced neoplasm expansion in mammary ducts as compared to rats of DMBA group. CONCLUSIONS In summary, supplementation with S. indicum seeds slowed breast tumorigenesis via its antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Beyegue
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Florence Afna
- Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Higher Teachers' Training College, 310136 University of Maroua , Maroua, Cameroon
| | - Jonas Walantini
- Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Higher Teachers' Training College, 310136 University of Maroua , Maroua, Cameroon
| | - Charlotte Mungho Tata
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, 61799 University of Johannesburg , Doornfontein, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Bamenda, P.O. Box 396 Bambili, Cameroon
| | - Malla Gambo Abdoulaye
- Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Higher Teachers' Training College, 310136 University of Maroua , Maroua, Cameroon
| | - Dieudonné Njamen
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, 61799 University of Johannesburg , Doornfontein, South Africa
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Stéphane Zingue
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, 61799 University of Johannesburg , Doornfontein, South Africa
- Department of Pharmacotoxicology and Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Derek Tantoh Ndinteh
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, 61799 University of Johannesburg , Doornfontein, South Africa
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Shi J, Liu J, Tian G, Li D, Liang D, Wang J, He Y. Association of radiotherapy for stage I-III breast cancer survivors and second primary malignant cancers: a population-based study. Eur J Cancer Prev 2024; 33:115-128. [PMID: 37669169 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE With life span extending, breast cancer survivors may face the possibility of developing second primary cancers (SPCs). The objective of this research is to investigate the risk factors, risk attribute to radiotherapy and the survivalship for SPCs. METHODS A total of 445 523 breast cancer patients were enrolled from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database in 2000-2018. The risk factors for SPCs development were confirmed by competing risk model, and then were integrated to the nomogram establishment. The cumulative incidence of SPCs including SBC (second breast cancer), SGC (second gynecological cancer), and SLC (second lung cancer) were estimated. The radiotherapy-associated risk for SPCs were evaluated by Poisson regression in radiotherapy and no-radiotherapy. Propensity score matching was used to reduce possible bias for survival comparison. RESULTS There were 57.63% patients in radiotherapy. The risk factors for developing SPCs were age, year, race, tumor size, stage, radiotherapy, grade, surgery, and histology. The cumulative incidence of SPCs was 7.75% in no-radiotherapy and 10.33% in radiotherapy. SLC, SBC, and SGC also appeared the similar results. The increased risk of developing SPCs were associated with radiotherapy in majority subgroups. The dynamic radiotherapy-associated risk for SPCs by age slightly increased risk was observed. Regardless radiotherapy or no-radiotherapy, the 10-year overall survival for SBC (radiotherapy: 59.41%; no-radiotherapy: 55.53%) and SGC (radiotherapy: 48.61%; no-radiotherapy: 35.53%) were worse than that among matched patients with only primary cancers. CONCLUSIONS Breast cancer survivors remained a high radiotherapy-associated risk for developing SPCs. The prognosis in radiotherapy was better than in no-radiotherapy for some specific SPCs. Largely attention should be paid to these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Shi
- Cancer Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, The Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province
| | - Jian Liu
- The Service Center of Comprehensive Supervision Health Commission of Hebei Province
| | - Guo Tian
- Department of Medical Records, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, The Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province
| | - Daojuan Li
- Cancer Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, The Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province
| | - Di Liang
- Cancer Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, The Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, The Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yutong He
- Cancer Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, The Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province
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Jones RR, White AJ. Invited Perspective: New Motivations and Future Directions for Investigating Environmental Risk Factors for Breast Cancer. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2024; 132:11301. [PMID: 38197649 PMCID: PMC10777818 DOI: 10.1289/ehp13777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Rena R. Jones
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Alexandra J. White
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, DHHS, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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Balakrishnan P, Arasu A, Velusamy T. Targeting altered calcium homeostasis and uncoupling protein-2 promotes sensitivity in drug-resistant breast cancer cells. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23575. [PMID: 37920924 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic breast cancer has the highest mortality rate among women owing to its poor clinical outcomes. Metastatic tumors pose challenges for treatment through conventional surgery or radiotherapy because of their diverse organ localization and resistance to various cytotoxic agents. Chemoresistance is a significant obstacle to effective breast cancer treatment owing to cancer's heterogeneous nature. Abnormalities in intracellular calcium signaling, coupled with altered mitochondrial metabolism, play a significant role in facilitating drug resistance and contribute to therapy resistance. Uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) is considered as a marker of chemoresistance and is believed to play a major role in promoting metabolic shifts and tumor metastasis. In this context, it is imperative to understand the roles of altered calcium signaling and metabolic switching in the development of chemotherapeutic resistance. This study investigates the roles of UCP2 and intracellular calcium signaling (Ca2+ ) in promoting chemoresistance against cisplatin. Additionally, we explored the effectiveness of combining genipin (GP, a compound that reverses UCP2-mediated chemoresistance) and thapsigargin (TG, a calcium signaling modulator) in treating highly metastatic breast cancers. Our findings indicate that both aberrant Ca2+ signaling and metabolic shifts in cancer cells contribute to developing drug-resistant phenotypes, and the combination treatment of GP and TG significantly enhances drug sensitivity in these cells. Collectively, our study underscores the potential of these drug combinations as an effective approach to overcome drug resistance in chemoresistant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavithra Balakrishnan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Ashok Arasu
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Thirunavukkarasu Velusamy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
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Iesato A, Fushimi A, Tahara R, Terada M, Iwase M, Kawamura C, Yamashita N. A novel system to provide information via online YouTube videos and an evaluation of current online information about hereditary breast cancer. Breast Cancer 2024; 31:63-74. [PMID: 37995024 PMCID: PMC10764382 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-023-01512-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The internet, especially YouTube, has become a prominent source of health information. However, the quality and accuracy of medical content on YouTube vary, posing concerns about misinformation. This study focuses on providing reliable information about hereditary breast cancer on YouTube, given its importance for decision-making among patients and families. The study examines the quality and accessibility of such content in Japanese, where limited research has been conducted. METHODS A nonprofit organization called BC Tube was established in May 2020 to create informative videos about breast cancer. The study analyzed 85 YouTube videos selected using the Japanese keywords "hereditary breast cancer" and "HBOC", categorized into six groups based on the source of upload: BC Tube, hospitals/governments, individual physicians, public-interest organizations/companies, breast cancer survivors, and others. The videos were evaluated based on various factors, including content length, view counts, likes, comments, and the presence of advertisements. The content was evaluated using the PEMAT and DISCERN quality criteria. RESULTS BC Tube created high-quality videos with high scores on PEMAT understandability, significantly outperforming other sources. Videos from public-interest organizations/companies received the most views and likes, despite their lower quality. Videos from medical institutions and governments were of superior quality but attracted less attention. CONCLUSIONS Our study emphasizes the importance of promoting accessible, easy-to-understand, and widely recognized medical information online. The popularity of videos does not always correspond to their quality, emphasizing the importance of quality evaluation. BC Tube provides a peer-reviewed platform to disseminate high-quality health information. We need to develop high-quality online health information and encourage the promotion of evidence-based information on YouTube.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asumi Iesato
- General Incorporated Association BC Tube, 1-5-6 Kudan-minami, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0074, Japan.
- NEXT-Ganken Program, Cancer Cell Diversity Project, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31, Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Fushimi
- General Incorporated Association BC Tube, 1-5-6 Kudan-minami, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0074, Japan
- Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Rie Tahara
- General Incorporated Association BC Tube, 1-5-6 Kudan-minami, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0074, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Terada
- General Incorporated Association BC Tube, 1-5-6 Kudan-minami, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0074, Japan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8602, Japan
| | - Madoka Iwase
- General Incorporated Association BC Tube, 1-5-6 Kudan-minami, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0074, Japan
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8560, Japan
| | - Chihiro Kawamura
- General Incorporated Association BC Tube, 1-5-6 Kudan-minami, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0074, Japan
| | - Nami Yamashita
- General Incorporated Association BC Tube, 1-5-6 Kudan-minami, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0074, Japan
- Breast Oncology Center, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31, Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
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Thomas S, Roche E, Desai P, Pawlowska N, Bauer D, Gingrich D, Hsu E, Deitchman AN, Aweeka F, Munster PN. A long-term fulvestrant eluting implant is safe, non-toxic, and reduces the risk of breast cancer in in vivo models. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3459372. [PMID: 37961240 PMCID: PMC10635313 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3459372/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
For individuals at high risk of developing breast cancer, interventions to mitigate this risk include surgical removal of their breasts and ovaries or five years treatment with the anti-estrogen tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitors. We hypothesized that a silicone based anti-estrogen-eluting implant placed within the breast would provide the risk reduction benefit of hormonal therapy, but without the adverse effects that limit compliance. To this end, we demonstrate that when placed adjacent to mammary tissue in the DMBA-induced rat breast cancer model a fulvestrant-eluting implant delays breast cancer with minimal systemic exposure. Using adult female sheep, fulvestrant-eluting implants were found to be safe and non-toxic when placed at the base of the udder for directed elution into the mammary tissue. At 30 days of elution, fulvestrant was found to penetrate mammary tissue forming a concentration gradient beyond 15 mm from the implant. Consistent with the small animal rat study, minimal systemic fulvestrant biodistribution was found. Together, these studies provide the proof of principle that a breast indwelling fulvestrant-eluting implant can reduce the risk of breast cancer and limit systemic exposure, while penetrating and distributing through breast tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Emily Hsu
- University of California, San Francisco
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Litton JK, Beck JT, Jones JM, Andersen J, Blum JL, Mina LA, Brig R, Danso M, Yuan Y, Abbattista A, Noonan K, Niyazov A, Chakrabarti J, Czibere A, Symmans WF, Telli ML. Neoadjuvant Talazoparib in Patients With Germline BRCA1/2 Mutation-Positive, Early-Stage Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Results of a Phase II Study. Oncologist 2023; 28:845-855. [PMID: 37318349 PMCID: PMC10546823 DOI: 10.1093/oncolo/oyad139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The undetermined efficacy of the current standard-of-care neoadjuvant treatment, anthracycline/platinum-based chemotherapy, in patients with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and germline BRCA mutations emphasizes the need for biomarker-targeted treatment, such as poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors, in this setting. This phase II, single-arm, open-label study evaluated the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant talazoparib in patients with germline BRCA1/2-mutated early-stage TNBC. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with germline BRCA1/2-mutated early-stage TNBC received talazoparib 1 mg once daily for 24 weeks (0.75 mg for moderate renal impairment) followed by surgery. The primary endpoint was pathologic complete response (pCR) by independent central review (ICR). Secondary endpoints included residual cancer burden (RCB) by ICR. Safety and tolerability of talazoparib and patient-reported outcomes were assessed. RESULTS Of 61 patients, 48 received ≥80% talazoparib doses, underwent surgery, and were assessed for pCR or progressed before pCR assessment and considered nonresponders. pCR rate was 45.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 32.0%-60.6%) and 49.2% (95% CI, 36.7%-61.6%) in the evaluable and intent-to-treat (ITT) population, respectively. RCB 0/I rate was 45.8% (95% CI, 29.4%-63.2%) and 50.8% (95% CI, 35.5%-66.0%) in the evaluable and ITT population, respectively. Treatment-related adverse events (TRAE) were reported in 58 (95.1%) patients. Most common grade 3 and 4 TRAEs were anemia (39.3%) and neutropenia (9.8%). There was no clinically meaningful detriment in quality of life. No deaths occurred during the reporting period; 2 deaths due to progressive disease occurred during long-term follow-up (>400 days after first dose). CONCLUSIONS Neoadjuvant talazoparib monotherapy was active despite pCR rates not meeting the prespecified threshold; these rates were comparable to those observed with combination anthracycline- and taxane-based chemotherapy regimens. Talazoparib was generally well tolerated. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV IDENTIFIER NCT03499353.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer K Litton
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - J Thaddeus Beck
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Highlands Oncology, Springdale, AR, USA
| | - Jason M Jones
- Avera Medical Group Oncology & Hematology, Avera Cancer Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Jay Andersen
- Medical Oncology, Compass Oncology, West Cancer Center, US Oncology Network, Tigard, OR, USA
| | - Joanne L Blum
- Department of Oncology, Texas Oncology-Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, US Oncology Network, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Lida A Mina
- Hematology Oncology Department, Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center, Gilbert, AZ, USA
| | - Raymond Brig
- Medical Oncology, Brig Center for Cancer Care and Survivorship, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Michael Danso
- Medical Oncology, Virginia Oncology Associates, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research, Cedars-Sinai Cancer Center, West Hollywood, CA, USA
| | | | - Kay Noonan
- Clinical Oncology, Pfizer Inc., Groton, CT, USA
| | | | | | - Akos Czibere
- Oncology Drug Development, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - William F Symmans
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Melinda L Telli
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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11
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De Paolis E, Paris I, Tilocca B, Roncada P, Foca L, Tiberi G, D’Angelo T, Pavese F, Muratore M, Carbognin L, Garganese G, Masetti R, Di Leone A, Fabi A, Scambia G, Urbani A, Generali D, Minucci A, Santonocito C. Assessing the pathogenicity of BRCA1/2 variants of unknown significance: Relevance and challenges for breast cancer precision medicine. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1053035. [PMID: 36741700 PMCID: PMC9891372 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1053035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death in women worldwide. Pathogenic variants in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes account for approximately 50% of all hereditary BC, with 60-80% of patients characterized by Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) at an early stage phenotype. The identification of a pathogenic BRCA1/2 variant has important and expanding roles in risk-reducing surgeries, treatment planning, and familial surveillance. Otherwise, finding unclassified Variants of Unknown Significance (VUS) limits the clinical utility of the molecular test, leading to an "imprecise medicine". Methods We reported the explanatory example of the BRCA1 c.5057A>C, p.(His1686Pro) VUS identified in a patient with TNBC. We integrated data from family history and clinic-pathological evaluations, genetic analyses, and bioinformatics in silico investigations to evaluate the VUS classification. Results Our evaluation posed evidences for the pathogenicity significance of the investigated VUS: 1) association of the BRCA1 variant to cancer-affected members of the family; 2) absence of another high-risk mutation; 3) multiple indirect evidences derived from gene and protein structural analysis. Discussion In line with the ongoing efforts to uncertain variants classification, we speculated about the relevance of an in-depth assessment of pathogenicity of BRCA1/2 VUS for a personalized management of patients with BC. We underlined that the efficient integration of clinical data with the widest number of supporting molecular evidences should be adopted for the proper management of patients, with the final aim of effectively guide the best prognostic and therapeutic paths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa De Paolis
- Clinical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Operations (UOC), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy,Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Ida Paris
- Division of Oncological Gynecology, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy,*Correspondence: Ida Paris,
| | - Bruno Tilocca
- Department of Health Science, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Paola Roncada
- Department of Health Science, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Laura Foca
- Clinical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Operations (UOC), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giordana Tiberi
- Division of Oncological Gynecology, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Tatiana D’Angelo
- Division of Oncological Gynecology, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Pavese
- Division of Oncological Gynecology, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Margherita Muratore
- Division of Oncological Gynecology, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Carbognin
- Division of Oncological Gynecology, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Garganese
- Gynaecology and Breast Care Center, Mater Olbia Hospital, Olbia, Italy,Dipartimento Universitario Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Sezione di Ginecologia ed Ostetricia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Masetti
- Division of Oncological Gynecology, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alba Di Leone
- Division of Oncological Gynecology, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fabi
- Unit of Precision Medicine in Breast Cancer, Scientific Directorate, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Division of Oncological Gynecology, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Urbani
- Clinical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Operations (UOC), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy,Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Generali
- Department of Medical, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Angelo Minucci
- Departmental Unit of Molecular and Genomic Diagnostics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Concetta Santonocito
- Clinical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Operations (UOC), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy,Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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12
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Poulsen AH, Hvidtfeldt UA, Sørensen M, Pedersen JE, Ketzel M, Brandt J, Geels C, Christensen JH, Raaschou-Nielsen O. Air pollution with NO 2, PM 2.5, and elemental carbon in relation to risk of breast cancer- a nationwide case-control study from Denmark. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114740. [PMID: 36356668 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Air pollution with particulate matter is an established lung carcinogen. Studies have suggested an association with breast cancer, but the evidence is inconsistent. METHODS From nationwide registers, we identified all breast cancer cases (n = 55 745) in Denmark between 2000 and 2014. We matched one control for each case on age and year of birth. We used a multi-scale dispersion model to estimate outdoor concentrations of particulate matter <2.5 μm (PM2.5), elemental carbon (EC) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) as time-weighted average over all addresses up to 20 years prior to diagnosis. We calculated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) by conditional logistic regression with adjustment for marital status, educational level, occupational status, personal income, region of origin, medication and area-level socio-economic indicators. RESULTS A 10 μg/m3 higher PM2.5 was associated with an OR for breast cancer of 1.21 (95% CI: 1.11-1.33). The corresponding ORs for EC (per 1 μg/m3) and NO2 (per 10 μg/m3) were 1.03 (95% CI: 1.00-1.07) and 1.03 (95% CI: 1.01-1.06), respectively. In multi-pollutant models, the OR for PM2.5 changed only little, whereas ORs for EC or NO2 approached the null. In an analysis of persons below 55 years, PM2.5 was associated with an OR of 1.32 (95% CI: 1.09-1.60) per 10 μg/m3 increase. CONCLUSION We found evidence of an association between the investigated air pollutants and breast cancer, especially PM2.5. There were indications that the association differed by age at diagnosis. We were not able to include all potential confounders and thus, results should be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mette Sørensen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Natural Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Matthias Ketzel
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark; Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Jørgen Brandt
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Camilla Geels
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Ole Raaschou-Nielsen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
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13
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ÖZKAN S, ÖĞCE F, ÖZEN ÇINAR İ, GÖRAL TÜRKCÜ S. The Need for Information and Support among First-degree Relatives of Patients with Breast Cancer What Do We Know? BEZMIALEM SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.14235/bas.galenos.2021.6620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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14
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Koval LE, Dionisio KL, Friedman KP, Isaacs KK, Rager JE. Environmental mixtures and breast cancer: identifying co-exposure patterns between understudied vs breast cancer-associated chemicals using chemical inventory informatics. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2022; 32:794-807. [PMID: 35710593 PMCID: PMC9742149 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-022-00451-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although evidence linking environmental chemicals to breast cancer is growing, mixtures-based exposure evaluations are lacking. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify environmental chemicals in use inventories that co-occur and share properties with chemicals that have association with breast cancer, highlighting exposure combinations that may alter disease risk. METHODS The occurrence of chemicals within chemical use categories was characterized using the Chemical and Products Database. Co-exposure patterns were evaluated for chemicals that have an association with breast cancer (BC), no known association (NBC), and understudied chemicals (UC) identified through query of the Silent Spring Institute's Mammary Carcinogens Review Database and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Toxicity Reference Database. UCs were ranked based on structure and physicochemical similarities and co-occurrence patterns with BCs within environmentally relevant exposure sources. RESULTS A total of 6793 chemicals had data available for exposure source occurrence analyses. 50 top-ranking UCs spanning five clusters of co-occurring chemicals were prioritized, based on shared properties with co-occuring BCs, including chemicals used in food production and consumer/personal care products, as well as potential endocrine system modulators. SIGNIFICANCE Results highlight important co-exposure conditions that are likely prevalent within our everyday environments that warrant further evaluation for possible breast cancer risk. IMPACT STATEMENT Most environmental studies on breast cancer have focused on evaluating relationships between individual, well-known chemicals and breast cancer risk. This study set out to expand this research field by identifying understudied chemicals and mixtures that may occur in everyday environments due to their patterns of commercial use. Analyses focused on those that co-occur alongside chemicals associated with breast cancer, based upon in silico chemical database querying and analysis. Particularly in instances when understudied chemicals share physicochemical properties and structural features with carcinogens, these chemical mixtures represent conditions that should be studied in future clinical, epidemiological, and toxicological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Koval
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- The Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kathie L Dionisio
- Immediate Office of the Assistant Administrator, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Katie Paul Friedman
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Kristin K Isaacs
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Julia E Rager
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- The Institute for Environmental Health Solutions, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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15
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Mohammadpour-Haratbar A, Zare Y, Rhee KY. Electrochemical biosensors based on polymer nanocomposites for detecting breast cancer: Recent progress and future prospects. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 309:102795. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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16
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Stanowska O, Kuczkiewicz-Siemion O, Dębowska M, Olszewski WP, Jagiełło-Gruszfeld A, Tysarowski A, Prochorec-Sobieszek M. PD-L1-Positive High-Grade Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patients Respond Better to Standard Neoadjuvant Treatment-A Retrospective Study of PD-L1 Expression in Relation to Different Clinicopathological Parameters. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11195524. [PMID: 36233396 PMCID: PMC9573147 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11195524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is typically a high-grade breast cancer with poorest clinical outcome despite available treatment modalities with chemo-, immuno- and radiotherapy. The status of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is a prognostic factor closely related to programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expressed on T lymphocytes modulating antitumor immunity. Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are showing promising results in a subset of breast cancer patients in both neo- and adjuvant settings. Pathologic complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant treatment was found to be associated with better prognosis. We analyzed the prognostic and predictive significance of PD-L1 (SP142 assay) immunohistochemical expression on TNBC patients' samples as illustrated by pCR with regard to its relation to treatment regimen, stage, BRCA mutational status and outcome. Furthermore, we analyzed a few other clinicopathological parameters such as age, TILs and proliferation index. The study highlighted a positive role of PD-L1 evaluation for personalized pCR probability assessment. Although considerable research was made on comparison of PD-L1 level in TNBC with different patient parameters, to our best knowledge, the relation of PD-L1 status to pCR while taking treatment regimen and stage into consideration was so far not investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Stanowska
- Department of Tumor Pathomorphology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, W. K. Roentgena 5, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 31, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (O.S.); (M.P.-S.)
| | - Olga Kuczkiewicz-Siemion
- Department of Tumor Pathomorphology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, W. K. Roentgena 5, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Dębowska
- Department of Computational Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, W. K. Roentgena 5, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Księcia Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech P. Olszewski
- Department of Tumor Pathomorphology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, W. K. Roentgena 5, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Jagiełło-Gruszfeld
- Department of Breast Tumors and Reconstruction Surgery, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, W. K. Roentgena 5, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Tysarowski
- Department of Translational and Molecular Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-National Research Institute of Oncology, W. K. Roentgena 5, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Prochorec-Sobieszek
- Department of Tumor Pathomorphology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, W. K. Roentgena 5, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 31, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (O.S.); (M.P.-S.)
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17
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Tarantino D, Walker C, Weekes D, Pemberton H, Davidson K, Torga G, Frankum J, Mendes-Pereira AM, Prince C, Ferro R, Brough R, Pettitt SJ, Lord CJ, Grigoriadis A, Nj Tutt A. Functional screening reveals HORMAD1-driven gene dependencies associated with translesion synthesis and replication stress tolerance. Oncogene 2022; 41:3969-3977. [PMID: 35768547 PMCID: PMC9355871 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02369-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
HORMAD1 expression is usually restricted to germline cells, but it becomes mis-expressed in epithelial cells in ~60% of triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs), where it is associated with elevated genomic instability (1). HORMAD1 expression in TNBC is bimodal with HORMAD1-positive TNBC representing a biologically distinct disease group. Identification of HORMAD1-driven genetic dependencies may uncover novel therapies for this disease group. To study HORMAD1-driven genetic dependencies, we generated a SUM159 cell line model with doxycycline-inducible HORMAD1 that replicated genomic instability phenotypes seen in HORMAD1-positive TNBC (1). Using small interfering RNA screens, we identified candidate genes whose depletion selectively inhibited the cellular growth of HORMAD1-expressing cells. We validated five genes (ATR, BRIP1, POLH, TDP1 and XRCC1), depletion of which led to reduced cellular growth or clonogenic survival in cells expressing HORMAD1. In addition to the translesion synthesis (TLS) polymerase POLH, we identified a HORMAD1-driven dependency upon additional TLS polymerases, namely POLK, REV1, REV3L and REV7. Our data confirms that out-of-context somatic expression of HORMAD1 can lead to genomic instability and reveals that HORMAD1 expression induces dependencies upon replication stress tolerance pathways, such as translesion synthesis. Our data also suggest that HORMAD1 expression could be a patient selection biomarker for agents targeting replication stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Tarantino
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Callum Walker
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Daniel Weekes
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Helen Pemberton
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Kathryn Davidson
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Gonzalo Torga
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Jessica Frankum
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Ana M Mendes-Pereira
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Cynthia Prince
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Riccardo Ferro
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Rachel Brough
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Stephen J Pettitt
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Christopher J Lord
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The CRUK Gene Function Laboratory, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Anita Grigoriadis
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew Nj Tutt
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, King's College London, London, UK.
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
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18
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Velasquez-Vasconez PA. Reflections about the Molecular Tool That Could Change the Course of Human History: Genome Editing. PERSONA Y BIOÉTICA 2022. [DOI: 10.5294/pebi.2022.26.1.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic editing has many applications in almost all areas of society, but may also lead to unpredictable consequences. Genome editing to modify the human germline is at the center of global discussion. Owing to the increasing number of unanswered scientific, ethical, and policy questions, the scientific community agrees that it would be inappropriate to genetically modify embryos. A serious and open debate is necessary to decide whether such research should be suspended or encouraged. Here we show some bold arguments in favor of deleting deleterious genes from the human genome and the risks liberal eugenism poses.
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19
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McClurg DP, Urquhart G, McGoldrick T, Chatterji S, Miedzybrodzka Z, Speirs V, Elsberger B. Analysis of the Clinical Advancements for BRCA-Related Malignancies Highlights the Lack of Treatment Evidence for BRCA-Positive Male Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3175. [PMID: 35804947 PMCID: PMC9264767 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare disease that accounts for less than 1% of all breast cancers and male malignancies. Despite recognised clinico-pathological and molecular differences to female breast cancer (FBC), the clinical management of MBC follows established FBC treatment strategies. Loss of function mutations in the DNA damage response genes BRCA1 and BRCA2, have been strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of MBC. While there have been extensive clinical advancements in other BRCA-related malignancies, including FBC, improvements in MBC remain stagnant. Here we present a review that highlights the lack of treatment evidence for BRCA-related MBC and the required national and global collaborative effort to address this unmet need. In doing so, we summarise the transformative clinical advancements with poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in other BRCA-related cancers namely, FBC and prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan P. McClurg
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK; (D.P.M.); (S.C.); (Z.M.)
| | - Gordan Urquhart
- Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Department of Oncology, Foresterhill Road, Aberdeen AB25 2ZN, UK; (G.U.); (T.M.)
| | - Trevor McGoldrick
- Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Department of Oncology, Foresterhill Road, Aberdeen AB25 2ZN, UK; (G.U.); (T.M.)
| | - Subarnarekha Chatterji
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK; (D.P.M.); (S.C.); (Z.M.)
| | - Zosia Miedzybrodzka
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK; (D.P.M.); (S.C.); (Z.M.)
| | - Valerie Speirs
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK; (D.P.M.); (S.C.); (Z.M.)
| | - Beatrix Elsberger
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK; (D.P.M.); (S.C.); (Z.M.)
- Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Breast Unit, Foresterhill Road, Aberdeen AB25 2ZN, UK
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20
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Aljarf R, Shen M, Pires DEV, Ascher DB. Understanding and predicting the functional consequences of missense mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10458. [PMID: 35729312 PMCID: PMC9213547 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13508-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BRCA1 and BRCA2 are tumour suppressor genes that play a critical role in maintaining genomic stability via the DNA repair mechanism. DNA repair defects caused by BRCA1 and BRCA2 missense variants increase the risk of developing breast and ovarian cancers. Accurate identification of these variants becomes clinically relevant, as means to guide personalized patient management and early detection. Next-generation sequencing efforts have significantly increased data availability but also the discovery of variants of uncertain significance that need interpretation. Experimental approaches used to measure the molecular consequences of these variants, however, are usually costly and time-consuming. Therefore, computational tools have emerged as faster alternatives for assisting in the interpretation of the clinical significance of newly discovered variants. To better understand and predict variant pathogenicity in BRCA1 and BRCA2, various machine learning algorithms have been proposed, however presented limited performance. Here we present BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene-specific models and a generic model for quantifying the functional impacts of single-point missense variants in these genes. Across tenfold cross-validation, our final models achieved a Matthew's Correlation Coefficient (MCC) of up to 0.98 and comparable performance of up to 0.89 across independent, non-redundant blind tests, outperforming alternative approaches. We believe our predictive tool will be a valuable resource for providing insights into understanding and interpreting the functional consequences of missense variants in these genes and as a tool for guiding the interpretation of newly discovered variants and prioritizing mutations for experimental validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghad Aljarf
- Computational Biology and Clinical Informatics, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.,Systems and Computational Biology, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Rd, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Mengyuan Shen
- Computational Biology and Clinical Informatics, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.,Systems and Computational Biology, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Rd, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,School of Computing and Information Systems, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3053, Australia
| | - Douglas E V Pires
- Computational Biology and Clinical Informatics, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia. .,Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia. .,Systems and Computational Biology, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Rd, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia. .,School of Computing and Information Systems, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3053, Australia.
| | - David B Ascher
- Computational Biology and Clinical Informatics, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia. .,Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia. .,Systems and Computational Biology, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Rd, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia. .,Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Ct Rd, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK.
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21
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A Review of Twenty Years of Research on the Regulation of Signaling Pathways by Natural Products in Breast Cancer. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27113412. [PMID: 35684353 PMCID: PMC9182524 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the second leading cause of death among women, and it has become a global health issue due to the increasing number of cases. Different treatment options, including radiotherapy, surgery, chemotherapy and anti-estrogen therapy, aromatase inhibitors, anti-angiogenesis drugs, and anthracyclines, are available for BC treatment. However, due to its high occurrence and disease progression, effective therapeutic options for metastatic BC are still lacking. Considering this scenario, there is an urgent need for an effective therapeutic strategy to meet the current challenges of BC. Natural products have been screened as anticancer agents as they are cost-effective, possess low toxicity and fewer side effects, and are considered alternative therapeutic options for BC therapy. Natural products showed anticancer activities against BC through the inhibition of angiogenesis, cell migrations, proliferations, and tumor growth; cell cycle arrest by inducing apoptosis and cell death, the downstream regulation of signaling pathways (such as Notch, NF-κB, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, MAPK/ERK, and NFAT-MDM2), and the regulation of EMT processes. Natural products also acted synergistically to overcome the drug resistance issue, thus improving their efficacy as an emerging therapeutic option for BC therapy. This review focused on the emerging roles of novel natural products and derived bioactive compounds as therapeutic agents against BC. The present review also discussed the mechanism of action through signaling pathways and the synergistic approach of natural compounds to improve their efficacy. We discussed the recent in vivo and in vitro studies for exploring the overexpression of oncogenes in the case of BC and the current status of newly discovered natural products in clinical investigations.
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22
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Bassong TR, Kenmogne LV, Awounfack CF, Ndinteh DT, Njamen D, Zingue S. Effects of Hibiscus sabdariffa Calyxes Aqueous Extract on Antioxidant Status and Histopathology in Mammary Tumor-Induced in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:9872788. [PMID: 35502172 PMCID: PMC9056213 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9872788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a major threat worldwide. Hibiscus sabdariffa is widely consumed as beverage in sub-Saharan Africa for its anticancer potential. The present study therefore aimed at scientifically verifying its anticancer effect in rats. For this, 48 Wistar rats (∼55 days) were treated either with tamoxifen at 3.3 mg/kg BW (standard) or with a decoction of H. sabdariffa (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg BW) or distilled water (vehicle). Breast cancer was induced by a single dose of 50 mg/kg of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA). At the end of the 21 weeks of treatment, the tumor incidence, tumor morphology, histopathology, as well as some biochemical parameters in the tumors were assessed. As a result, 86% of DMBA's rats developed mammary tumors. The H. sabdariffa extract (125 and 250 mg/kg) reduced tumor incidence by 63% and 75%, respectively; inhibited tumor burden by 84.86% and 38.78%, respectively, and decreased tumor volume by more than 72% compared to the DMBA group. It also protected rats against DMBA-induced diffuse breast neoplasia, and the optimal effect was recorded at 125 mg/kg. Furthermore, it significantly increases the SOD activity and decreases the MDA level. In summary, H. sabdariffa has antibreast tumor and antioxidant properties in rats, which could justify its common use to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Renaud Bassong
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Larissa Vanelle Kenmogne
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
| | - Charline Florence Awounfack
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Derek Tantoh Ndinteh
- Centre for Natural Product Research, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
| | - Dieudonné Njamen
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Stéphane Zingue
- Centre for Natural Product Research, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
- Department of Medical and Biomedical Engineering, Higher Technical Teachers' Training College, University of Ebolowa, P.O. Box 886 Ebolowa, Cameroon
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23
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Athar F, Templeman NM. C. elegans as a model organism to study female reproductive health. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2022; 266:111152. [PMID: 35032657 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.111152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Female reproductive health has been historically understudied and underfunded. Here, we present the advantages of using a free-living nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, as an animal system to study fundamental aspects of female reproductive health. C. elegans is a powerful high-throughput model organism that shares key genetic and physiological similarities with humans. In this review, we highlight areas of pressing medical and biological importance in the 21st century within the context of female reproductive health. These include the decline in female reproductive capacity with increasing chronological age, reproductive dysfunction arising from toxic environmental insults, and cancers of the reproductive system. C. elegans has been instrumental in uncovering mechanistic insights underlying these processes, and has been valuable for developing and testing therapeutics to combat them. Adopting a convenient model organism such as C. elegans for studying reproductive health will encourage further research into this field, and broaden opportunities for making advancements into evolutionarily conserved mechanisms that control reproductive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faria Athar
- Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Nicole M Templeman
- Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada.
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24
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Pierozan P, Cattani D, Karlsson O. Tumorigenic activity of alternative per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS): Mechanistic in vitro studies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 808:151945. [PMID: 34843762 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Environmental contaminants including long-chain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been linked to cancer, which is a central cause of mortality in humans and many wildlife species. Today shorter-chain PFAS are extensively used as replacement compounds and commonly found in the environment. Mechanistic studies are important for a better understanding of their toxicological potential and possible role in cancer etiology. Here, we treated normal human breast epithelial cells (MCF-10A) with 500 pM to 500 μM of perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), undecafluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA), hexafluoropropylene oxide-dimer acid (GenX), perfluoro 3,6 dioxaoctanoic acid (PFO2OA), heptafluorobutyric acid (HFBA) and perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS) for 72 h to investigate potential effects on cell proliferation and neoplastic transformation. PFHxA, GenX, PFO2OA, HFBA and PFBS induced no alterations compared to controls at any of the concentrations tested. Exposure to 100 μM PFHxS on the other hand was shown to affect important regulatory cell-cycle proteins (cyclin D1, CDK6, p27, p53 and ERK) and induced cell proliferation, at least in part through activation of the constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα). PFHxS also altered histone modifications and induced cell malignance by reducing the levels of adhesion proteins (E-cadherin and β-integrin) and promoting cell migration and invasion. These results demonstrate that five out of six alternative PFAS tested are clearly less harmful to MCF-10A cells than previously studied PFOS and PFOA, but raise concerns about PFHxS that also has been associated with breast cancer in epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Pierozan
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm 114 18, Sweden
| | - Daiane Cattani
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm 114 18, Sweden
| | - Oskar Karlsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm 114 18, Sweden.
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25
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Hung CC, Huang HI, Hung CM, Moi SH. Identification of Candidate Genes in Early-Stage Invasive Ductal Carcinoma Patients with High-Risk Mortality Using Genes Commonly Involved in Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Study. Public Health Genomics 2021; 25:1-10. [PMID: 34634790 DOI: 10.1159/000519140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast is a heterogeneous disease characterized by multiple subtypes. IDC survival is highly impacted by tumor burden, molecular subtypes, and gene profiles. Gene mutation is a type of genomic instability regarded as having a considerable effect on IDC prognosis. Using integrated survival analysis, this study identified candidate genes and a high-risk group of patients with early-stage IDC to provide further understanding of the genetic characteristics associated with poor survival. METHODS The gene mutation profiles, baseline demographics, clinicopathologic variables, and treatment characteristics of the early-stage IDC subpopulation were downloaded from an open access data platform. These data were analyzed for a total of 444 patients. In total, 40 genes commonly involved in IDC were listed, and the genes exhibiting significant differences (as estimated using the log-rank test) were selected as the candidate genes. RESULTS The patients were divided into control, low-risk, and high-risk groups according to their gene mutation profiles. The 5-year overall survival rates of low-risk, control, and high-risk patients were 97.4%, 96.1%, and 73.0%, respectively. The high-risk group had a significantly higher risk of poor overall -survival (adjusted hazard ratio = 6.57, 95% confidence interval = 1.51-28.7, p = 0.012) than that of the control group, and the low-risk group did not have a significant survival difference compared with control group. CONCLUSIONS This study proposed an integrative approach for the identification of candidate genes for risk assessment of overall survival in these patients through typical survival analysis methods. The 14 candidate genes selected are particularly involved in cell-cycle processes, deoxyribonucleic acid repair, and drug resistance; their mutations were found to be generally associated with disease progression or therapeutic resistance, which is commonly associated with poor overall survival outcomes in IDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chiang Hung
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Applied Cosmetology, College of Human Science and Social Innovation, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-I Huang
- Center of Cancer Program Development, E-Da Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ming Hung
- Department of General Surgery, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sin-Hua Moi
- Center of Cancer Program Development, E-Da Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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26
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Marmolejo DH, Wong MYZ, Bajalica-Lagercrantz S, Tischkowitz M, Balmaña J. Overview of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) guidelines across Europe. Eur J Med Genet 2021; 64:104350. [PMID: 34606975 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2021.104350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) is a syndrome defined by an increased risk of developing breast and/or ovarian cancer most commonly due to germline disease-causing variants in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, but also other causative genes such as PALB2, ATM and CHEK2. As genetic testing becomes more prevalent and new clinical data emerge, updates of national guidelines are required to incorporate these advances in our knowledge. The aim of this work is to review the guidelines for HBOC genetic testing and clinical surveillance across European countries, mostly affiliated to the European Reference Network (ERN) for Genetic Tumor Risk Syndroms (GENTURIS). Young onset breast cancer (BC), triple negative phenotype, or bilateral BC are considered as criteria for genetic testing in all, with differences in age limits. Testing of invasive epithelial non-mucinous ovarian cancer is also universally accepted. While breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is consistently recommended in high-risk individuals, age of onset for mammograms differ between 30 and 40 years. Risk-reducing mastectomy is commonly offered as an option, while risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy is universally recommended. The largest differences are observed with respect to ovarian surveillance prior to risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy and in breast surveillance for carriers of non-BRCA1/2 genes. These differences in national guidelines reflect the variations in clinical consensus that may be reached in the absence of consistent evidence for some recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Humberto Marmolejo
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Spain
| | - Mark Yu Zheng Wong
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Marc Tischkowitz
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Judith Balmaña
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Spain.
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27
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Xu J, Keenan TE, Overmoyer B, Tung NM, Gelman RS, Habin K, Garber JE, Ellisen LW, Winer EP, Goss PE, Yeap BY, Chabner BA, Isakoff SJ. Phase II trial of veliparib and temozolomide in metastatic breast cancer patients with and without BRCA1/2 mutations. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2021; 189:641-651. [PMID: 34417675 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-021-06292-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We evaluated the efficacy and safety of poly-(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1 and 2 inhibitor veliparib and temozolomide in metastatic breast cancer patients with and without germline BRCA1/2 mutations. METHODS In this single-arm phase II trial, patients with metastatic breast cancer received veliparib 30 to 40 mg twice daily on days 1 to 7 with concurrent temozolomide 150 mg/m2 on days 1 to 5 of a 28-day cycle. The primary cohort was unselected for BRCA mutation status, and an expansion cohort enrolled only BRCA1/2 carriers. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) in each cohort. Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), clinical benefit rate (CBR), and evaluation of safety and tolerability. RESULTS In the primary cohort of 41 unselected patients, which included 9 BRCA mutation carriers, the ORR was 10% and clinical benefit rate at 4 months (CBR) was 27%. In the expansion cohort of 21 BRCA1/2 carriers, the ORR was 14% and CBR was 43%. Among all 30 BRCA1/2 carriers, the ORR was 23% versus 0% among non-carriers. In the subset of BRCA1/2 carriers, the ORR was 32% among platinum-naïve patients versus 9% among platinum-exposed patients. The median PFS was 3.3 months among BRCA1/2 carriers compared to 1.8 months among non-carriers (HR: 0.48, p = 0.006). A longer median PFS of 6.2 months was observed among BRCA1/2 carriers who had no prior platinum therapy. The most common grade 3 and 4 toxicities were thrombocytopenia (32%) and neutropenia (21%) that generally improved with dose modifications. CONCLUSION Veliparib and temozolomide demonstrated clinical activity in platinum-naïve BRCA-associated metastatic breast cancer with manageable toxicity at doses of veliparib well below the single-agent active dose. Although the study did not meet its primary endpoint in unselected nor BRCA-associated breast cancer, this regimen was further evaluated in the BROCADE 2 study. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT01009788 (ClinicalTrials.gov), November 9, 2009.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02141, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.,Sanofi US, 50 Binney St, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Tanya E Keenan
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02141, USA.,Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Beth Overmoyer
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Nadine M Tung
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Rebecca S Gelman
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Karleen Habin
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02141, USA
| | - Judy E Garber
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Leif W Ellisen
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02141, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Eric P Winer
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Paul E Goss
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02141, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Beow Y Yeap
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02141, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Bruce A Chabner
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02141, USA. .,Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
| | - Steven J Isakoff
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02141, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
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28
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Mefegue FA, Michel T, Kamto ELD, Kenmogne LV, Awounfack CF, Noundou XS, Ndinteh DT, Njamen D, Zingue S. Anti-breast cancer potential of Anonidium mannii (Oliv.) Engl. & Diels barks ethanolic extract: UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS detection of anticancer alkaloids. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 276:114131. [PMID: 33894284 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Breast cancer is a serious threat in low-income as well as developed countries. To face this, many herbal preparations are prescribed by traditional healers in Cameroon, among which is Anonidium mannii commonly called "wild soursop". AIM This study was undertaken to assess the anti-tumor effect of A. mannii ethanolic extract on cancer cell growth and against DMBA-induced mammary tumors in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The well characterized MTT bioassay was used to assess the cytotoxic potential of A. mannii ethanolic extract in liver (HepG2), prostate (DU145 & PC3) and breast (MCF-7) cancer cell lines. Considering the fact that breast cells were the most sensitive to the extract, a 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced breast tumor rat model was used to assess the possible anticancer effect of A. mannii extract. Indeed, rats were treated with either tamoxifen (3.3 mg/kg BW) or A. mannii extract (16.5, 50 and 150 mg/kg BW) or vehicle (2% ethanol) for 20 weeks. Tumor incidence, tumor mass and volume, oxidative stress status in tumor as well as tumor histoarchitecture were evaluated. RESULTS A 24 h incubation of tested cells with the A. mannii extract significantly slowed cell growth in a concentration-dependent manner with an interesting effect in breast cells (IC50 ~61.5 μg/mL). As compared to the DMBA rats, those treated with A. mannii extract (50 and 150 mg/kg) showed reduced breast tumor incidence (28%), tumor burden (95.34% at 50 mg/kg and 99.14% at 150 mg/kg) and tumor volume (~92%). A. mannii extract counteracted the high proliferation of terminal mammary ducts induced by DMBA, mainly at 50 mg/kg. Furthermore, the extract decreased MDA and nitrite levels but increased SOD activity in the mammary gland. High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-MS) analysis detected potential anticancer and antioxidant alkaloids in A. manni extract, which are close to those found in Annona muricata. CONCLUSION These results provide evidence on the in vitro and in vivo anticancer effects of A. mannii, and therefore support its use in traditional medicine system to fight against cancer.
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MESH Headings
- Alkaloids/pharmacology
- Alkaloids/therapeutic use
- Animals
- Annonaceae/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/toxicity
- Antioxidants/chemistry
- Antioxidants/pharmacology
- Antioxidants/therapeutic use
- Antioxidants/toxicity
- Cameroon
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
- Ethanol/chemistry
- Female
- Humans
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/blood
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/prevention & control
- Medicine, Traditional
- Minerals/analysis
- Organ Size/drug effects
- Oxidative Stress/drug effects
- Plant Bark/chemistry
- Plant Extracts/chemistry
- Plant Extracts/pharmacology
- Plant Extracts/therapeutic use
- Plant Extracts/toxicity
- Rats, Wistar
- Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
- Tamoxifen/therapeutic use
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Rats
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine Azegha Mefegue
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Thomas Michel
- Institute of Chemistry of Nice, Université Côte D'Azur, UMR CNRS 7272, Valrose Park, F-06108, Nice Cedex 2, France
| | - Eutrophe Le Doux Kamto
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Larissa Vanelle Kenmogne
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Charline Florence Awounfack
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Xavier Siwe Noundou
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa
| | - Derek Tantoh Ndinteh
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
| | - Dieudonné Njamen
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon; Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa.
| | - Stéphane Zingue
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa; Department of Medical and Biomedical Engineering, Higher Technical Teachers' Training College, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 886, Ebolowa, Cameroon; Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 55, Maroua, Cameroon.
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29
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Guglielmi C, Scarpitta R, Gambino G, Conti E, Bellè F, Tancredi M, Cervelli T, Falaschi E, Cosini C, Aretini P, Congregati C, Marino M, Patruno M, Pilato B, Spina F, Balestrino L, Tenedini E, Carnevali I, Cortesi L, Tagliafico E, Tibiletti MG, Tommasi S, Ghilli M, Vivanet C, Galli A, Caligo MA. Detection of Germline Variants in 450 Breast/Ovarian Cancer Families with a Multi-Gene Panel Including Coding and Regulatory Regions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147693. [PMID: 34299313 PMCID: PMC8305371 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
With the progress of sequencing technologies, an ever-increasing number of variants of unknown functional and clinical significance (VUS) have been identified in both coding and non-coding regions of the main Breast Cancer (BC) predisposition genes. The aim of this study is to identify a mutational profile of coding and intron-exon junction regions of 12 moderate penetrance genes (ATM, BRIP1, CDH1, CHEK2, NBN, PALB2, PTEN, RAD50, RAD51C, RAD51D, STK11, TP53) in a cohort of 450 Italian patients with Hereditary Breast/Ovarian Cancer Syndrome, wild type for germline mutation in BRCA1/2 genes. The analysis was extended to 5′UTR and 3′UTR of all the genes listed above and to the BRCA1 and BRCA2 known regulatory regions in a subset of 120 patients. The screening was performed through NGS target resequencing on the Illumina platform MiSeq. 8.7% of the patients analyzed is carriers of class 5/4 coding variants in the ATM (3.6%), BRIP1 (1.6%), CHEK2 (1.8%), PALB2 (0.7%), RAD51C (0.4%), RAD51D (0.4%), and TP53 (0.2%) genes, while variants of uncertain pathological significance (VUSs)/class 3 were identified in 9.1% of the samples. In intron-exon junctions and in regulatory regions, variants were detected respectively in 5.1% and in 32.5% of the cases analyzed. The average age of disease onset of 44.4 in non-coding variant carriers is absolutely similar to the average age of disease onset in coding variant carriers for each proband’s group with the same cancer type. Furthermore, there is not a statistically significant difference in the proportion of cases with a tumor onset under age of 40 between the two groups, but the presence of multiple non-coding variants in the same patient may affect the aggressiveness of the tumor and it is worth underlining that 25% of patients with an aggressive tumor are carriers of a PTEN 3′UTR-variant. This data provides initial information on how important it might be to extend mutational screening to the regulatory regions in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Guglielmi
- SOD Molecular Genetics, University Hospital of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (C.G.); (E.C.); (M.T.); (E.F.); (C.C.)
| | - Rosa Scarpitta
- Division of Pathology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Gaetana Gambino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Eleonora Conti
- SOD Molecular Genetics, University Hospital of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (C.G.); (E.C.); (M.T.); (E.F.); (C.C.)
| | - Francesca Bellè
- Functional Genetics and Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Clinical Physiology, IFC-CNR, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (F.B.); (T.C.)
| | - Mariella Tancredi
- SOD Molecular Genetics, University Hospital of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (C.G.); (E.C.); (M.T.); (E.F.); (C.C.)
| | - Tiziana Cervelli
- Functional Genetics and Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Clinical Physiology, IFC-CNR, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (F.B.); (T.C.)
| | - Elisabetta Falaschi
- SOD Molecular Genetics, University Hospital of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (C.G.); (E.C.); (M.T.); (E.F.); (C.C.)
| | - Cinzia Cosini
- SOD Molecular Genetics, University Hospital of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (C.G.); (E.C.); (M.T.); (E.F.); (C.C.)
| | - Paolo Aretini
- Section of Oncological Genomics, Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, 56017 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Caterina Congregati
- Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Marco Marino
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (M.M.); (E.T.); (E.T.)
| | - Margherita Patruno
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.P.); (B.P.); (S.T.)
| | - Brunella Pilato
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.P.); (B.P.); (S.T.)
| | - Francesca Spina
- SC Medical Genetics, ASSL Cagliari, 09126 Cagliari, Italy; (F.S.); (L.B.); (C.V.)
| | - Luisa Balestrino
- SC Medical Genetics, ASSL Cagliari, 09126 Cagliari, Italy; (F.S.); (L.B.); (C.V.)
| | - Elena Tenedini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (M.M.); (E.T.); (E.T.)
| | - Ileana Carnevali
- Ospedale di Circolo ASST Settelaghi, 21100 Varese, Italy; (I.C.); (M.G.T.)
| | - Laura Cortesi
- Department of Oncology, Haematology and Respiratory Diseases, University Hospital of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy;
| | - Enrico Tagliafico
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (M.M.); (E.T.); (E.T.)
| | | | - Stefania Tommasi
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.P.); (B.P.); (S.T.)
| | - Matteo Ghilli
- Breast Cancer Center, University Hospital, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Caterina Vivanet
- SC Medical Genetics, ASSL Cagliari, 09126 Cagliari, Italy; (F.S.); (L.B.); (C.V.)
| | - Alvaro Galli
- Functional Genetics and Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Clinical Physiology, IFC-CNR, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (F.B.); (T.C.)
- Correspondence: (A.G.); (M.A.C.)
| | - Maria Adelaide Caligo
- SOD Molecular Genetics, University Hospital of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (C.G.); (E.C.); (M.T.); (E.F.); (C.C.)
- Correspondence: (A.G.); (M.A.C.)
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Majed SO, Mustafa SA. MACE-Seq-based coding RNA and TrueQuant-based small RNA profile in breast cancer: tumor-suppressive miRNA-1275 identified as a novel marker. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:473. [PMID: 33910530 PMCID: PMC8082896 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08218-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Disruption of cellular processes in the breast by abnormally expressed miRNA is characterized to develop cancer. We aimed to identify the differential expression of small RNAs (sRNAs) and mRNAs in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue of the breast cancer (BC) and normal adjacent tissue (NAT). Another aim is to determine the differential expression of miR-1275 as a novel biomarker for BC and also identify its target genes. Methods TrueQuant method for analysis of sRNA expression and MACE-sequencing method for analysis of gene expression were used analyzing. The RT-qPCR technique was used to confirm miR-1275 down expression. Target genes of miR-1275 were computationally identified using target prediction sites and also the expression level of them was experimentally determined among the expressed genes. Results TrueQuant findings showed that 1400 sRNAs were differentially expressed in the FFPE tissue of two Kurdish cases with BC, as compared to NAT. Among the sRNAs, 29 small RNAs were shown to be significantly downregulated in BC cells. The RT-qPCR results confirmed that miR-1275 was significantly down-expressed in 20 Kurdish cases with BC compared to NAT. However, Overall survival (OS) analysis revealed that the correlation between the expression level of miR-1275 and clinical significance was highly corrected in cases with BC (OS rate: P = 0.0401). The MACE-seq results revealed that 26,843 genes were differentially expressed in the BC tissue compared to NAT, but 7041 genes were displayed in a scatter plot. Furthermore, putative target genes (DVL3, PPP2R2D, THSD4, CREB1, SYT7, and PRKACA) were computationally identified as direct targets of miR-1275 in several target predicted sites. The MACE-seq results revealed that the expression level of these targets was increased in BC tissue compared to NAT. The level of these targets was negatively associated with miR-1275 expression. Finally, the role of down-regulated miR-1275 on its targets in biological mechanisms of BC cells was identified; including cell growth, proliferation, movement, invasion, metastasis, and apoptosis. Conclusion Down-expressed miR-1275, a tumor suppressor, is a novel biomarker for early detection of BC. DVL3, PPP2R2D, THSD4, CREB1, SYT7, and PRKACA are newly identified to be targeted by miR-1275.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevan Omer Majed
- Biology Department, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq.
| | - Suhad Asad Mustafa
- Research Center, Molecular Genetics lab, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
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Aristarco V, Johansson H, Gandini S, Macis D, Zanzottera C, Tolva G, Feroce I, Accornero C, Bonanni B, Guerrieri-Gonzaga A, Serrano D. Association of Vitamin D Receptor and Vitamin D-Binding Protein Polymorphisms with Familial Breast Cancer Prognosis in a Mono-Institutional Cohort. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041208. [PMID: 33917614 PMCID: PMC8067530 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) has been associated with an increased cancer incidence and poorer prognosis. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of vitamin D receptor (VDR) and vitamin D binding protein (GC gene) may interfere with vitamin D activity. This study assesses the role of VDR and GC SNPs on breast cancer (BC) recurrence and survival in a cohort of patients with a family history of breast cancer, without the pathogenic variant for BRCA1 and BRCA2. A consecutive series of patients who underwent genetic testing were genotyped for VDR and GC genes. Specifically, ApaI, FokI, TaqI, BsmI and rs2282679, rs4588, rs7041 SNPs were determined. A total of 368 wild type (WT) patients with BC were analyzed for VDR and GC SNPs. The GC rs2282679 minor allele was significantly associated with luminal subtype of the primary tumor compared to Her2+/TN breast cancer (p = 0.007). Multivariate Cox models showed that BmsI and TaqI are significantly associated with BC outcome. Patients with the major alleles showed more than 30% lower hazard of relapse (BsmI p = 0.02 and TaqI p = 0.03). Our study supports the evidence for a pivotal role of 25OHD metabolism in BC. GC SNPs may influence the hormone tumor responsiveness and VDR may affect tumor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Aristarco
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (H.J.); (D.M.); (C.Z.); (G.T.); (I.F.); (C.A.); (B.B.); (A.G.-G.); (D.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-9437-2010; Fax: +39-02-9437-9225
| | - Harriet Johansson
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (H.J.); (D.M.); (C.Z.); (G.T.); (I.F.); (C.A.); (B.B.); (A.G.-G.); (D.S.)
| | - Sara Gandini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy;
| | - Debora Macis
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (H.J.); (D.M.); (C.Z.); (G.T.); (I.F.); (C.A.); (B.B.); (A.G.-G.); (D.S.)
| | - Cristina Zanzottera
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (H.J.); (D.M.); (C.Z.); (G.T.); (I.F.); (C.A.); (B.B.); (A.G.-G.); (D.S.)
| | - Gianluca Tolva
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (H.J.); (D.M.); (C.Z.); (G.T.); (I.F.); (C.A.); (B.B.); (A.G.-G.); (D.S.)
| | - Irene Feroce
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (H.J.); (D.M.); (C.Z.); (G.T.); (I.F.); (C.A.); (B.B.); (A.G.-G.); (D.S.)
| | - Chiara Accornero
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (H.J.); (D.M.); (C.Z.); (G.T.); (I.F.); (C.A.); (B.B.); (A.G.-G.); (D.S.)
| | - Bernardo Bonanni
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (H.J.); (D.M.); (C.Z.); (G.T.); (I.F.); (C.A.); (B.B.); (A.G.-G.); (D.S.)
| | - Aliana Guerrieri-Gonzaga
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (H.J.); (D.M.); (C.Z.); (G.T.); (I.F.); (C.A.); (B.B.); (A.G.-G.); (D.S.)
| | - Davide Serrano
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (H.J.); (D.M.); (C.Z.); (G.T.); (I.F.); (C.A.); (B.B.); (A.G.-G.); (D.S.)
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Tarapara B, Badgujar N, Pandya S, Joshi M, Shah F. An Overview of Genes Associated with Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer in India. INDIAN JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40944-020-00489-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Thomas R, Al-Khadairi G, Decock J. Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Treatment: Promising Future Prospects. Front Oncol 2021; 10:600573. [PMID: 33718107 PMCID: PMC7947906 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.600573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has emerged as the fifth pillar of cancer treatment alongside surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are the current superheroes of immunotherapy, unleashing a patient's own immune cells to kill tumors and revolutionizing cancer treatment in a variety of cancers. Although breast cancer was historically believed to be immunologically silent, treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors has been shown to induce modest responses in metastatic breast cancer. Given the inherent heterogeneity of breast tumors, this raised the question whether certain breast tumors might benefit more from immune-based interventions and which cancer cell-intrinsic and/or microenvironmental factors define the likelihood of inducing a potent and durable anti-tumor immune response. In this review, we will focus on triple negative breast cancer as immunogenic breast cancer subtype, and specifically discuss the relevance of tumor mutational burden, the plethora and diversity of tumor infiltrating immune cells in addition to the immunoscore, the presence of immune checkpoint expression, and the microbiome in defining immune checkpoint blockade response. We will highlight the current immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment options, either as monotherapy or in combination with standard-of-care treatment modalities such as chemotherapy and targeted therapy. In addition, we will look into the potential of immunotherapy-based combination strategies using immune checkpoint inhibitors to enhance both innate and adaptive immune responses, or to establish a more immune favorable environment for cancer vaccines. Finally, the review will address the need for unambiguous predictive biomarkers as one of the main challenges of immune checkpoint blockade. To conclude, the potential of immune checkpoint blockade for triple negative breast cancer treatment could be enhanced by exploration of aforementioned factors and treatment strategies thereby providing promising future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remy Thomas
- Cancer Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
| | - Ghaneya Al-Khadairi
- Cancer Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
| | - Julie Decock
- Cancer Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
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Nargis HF, Nawaz H, Bhatti HN, Jilani K, Saleem M. Comparison of surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy for the detection of breast cancer based on serum samples. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 246:119034. [PMID: 33049470 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In this study, surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and Raman spectroscopy (RS), are employed for the classification of different stages of breast cancer using clinically diagnosed serum samples from breast cancer patients and healthy individuals. These serum samples are compared for their spectral features acquired by SERS and RS to establish spectral features that can be considered as spectral markers of breast cancer diagnosis and classification. SERS features related to DNA, proteins and lipids were observed which are solely observed in the serum samples of patients at different stages of breast cancer as compared to healthy samples. In order to explore the capability of SERS and RS and their comparison as an analytical tool for the efficient understanding of the progression of breast cancer, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is done for the SERS and RS spectra of control, stage 2, stage 3 and stage 4. Furthermore, the Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) was performed to compare the diagnostic performance of SERS and Raman spectroscopy for the classification of disease positive samples and healthy ones. The sensitivity and specificity and area under receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve values for SERS data were 90%, 98.4%, and 94% respectively which were higher as compared to Raman spectral data for which these values were found to be 88.2%, 97.7%, and 83.4% respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Nargis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - H Nawaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - H N Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - K Jilani
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M Saleem
- National Institute of Lasers and Optronics (NILOP), Islamabad, Pakistan
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Clinical application of liquid biopsies to detect somatic BRCA1/2 mutations and guide potential therapeutic intervention for patients with metastatic breast cancer. Oncotarget 2021; 12:63-65. [PMID: 33520111 PMCID: PMC7825638 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma based genotyping via cell-free DNA may identify actionable mutations for potential therapeutic intervention in patients with advanced malignancies including breast cancer. In this article, we discuss recent studies using cell-free DNA testing to identify and classify somatic BRCA1/2 mutations in metastatic breast cancer, and potential future applications for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer.
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Lehle JD, McCarrey JR. Differential susceptibility to endocrine disruptor-induced epimutagenesis. ENVIRONMENTAL EPIGENETICS 2020; 6:dvaa016. [PMID: 33324495 PMCID: PMC7722801 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvaa016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
There is now considerable evidence indicating the potential for endocrine disrupting chemicals to alter the epigenome and for subsets of these epigenomic changes or "epimutations" to be heritably transmitted to offspring in subsequent generations. While there have been many studies indicating how exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals can disrupt various organs associated with the body's endocrine systems, there is relatively limited information regarding the relative susceptibility of different specific organs, tissues, or cell types to endocrine disrupting chemical-induced epimutagenesis. Here we review available information about different organs, tissues, cell types, and/or cell lines which have been shown to be susceptible to specific endocrine disrupting chemical-induced epimutations. In addition, we discuss possible mechanisms that may be involved, or impacted by this tissue- or cell type-specific, differential susceptibility to different endocrine disrupting chemicals. Finally, we summarize available information indicating that certain periods of development display elevated susceptibility to endocrine disrupting chemical exposure and we describe how this may affect the extent to which germline epimutations can be transmitted inter- or transgenerationally. We conclude that cell type-specific differential susceptibility to endocrine disrupting chemical-induced epimutagenesis is likely to directly impact the extent to, or manner in, which endocrine disrupting chemical exposure initially induces epigenetic changes to DNA methylation and/or histone modifications, and how these endocrine disrupting chemical-induced epimutations can then subsequently impact gene expression, potentially leading to the development of heritable disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake D Lehle
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - John R McCarrey
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
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Polygenic risk scores for genetic counseling in psychiatry: Lessons learned from other fields of medicine. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 121:119-127. [PMID: 33301779 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Polygenic risk scores (PRS) may aid in the identification of individuals at-risk for psychiatric disorders, treatment optimization, and increase in prognostic accuracy. PRS may also add significant value to genetic counseling. Thus far, integration of PRSs in genetic counseling sessions remains problematic because of uncertainties in risk prediction and other concerns. Here, we review the current utility of PRSs in the context of clinical psychiatry. By comprehensively appraising the literature in other fields of medicine including breast cancer, Alzheimer's Disease, and cardiovascular disease, we outline several lessons learned that could be applied to future studies and may thus benefit the incorporation of PRS in psychiatric genetic counseling. These include integrating PRS with environmental factors (e.g. lifestyle), setting up large-scale studies, and applying reproducible methods allowing for cross-validation between cohorts. We conclude that psychiatry may benefit from experiences in these fields. PRS may in future have a role in genetic counseling in clinical psychiatric practice, by advancing prevention strategies and treatment decision-making, thus promoting quality of life for (potentially) affected individuals.
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Vidula N, Ellisen LW, Bardia A. Novel Agents for Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Finding the Positive in the Negative. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2020; 19:1-9. [PMID: 33075745 DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2020.7600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with a poor prognosis, and the development of better therapeutics represents a major unmet clinical need. Although the mainstay of treatment of metastatic TNBC is chemotherapy, advances in genomics and molecular profiling have helped better define subtypes of TNBC with distinct biologic drivers to guide the therapeutic development of targeted therapies, including AKT inhibitors for PI3K/AKT-altered TNBC, checkpoint inhibitors for PD-L1-positive TNBC, and PARP inhibitors for BRCA1/2 mutant TNBC. This progress may ultimately convert TNBC from a disease traditionally defined by the absence of therapeutically actionable receptors to one that is defined by the presence of discrete molecular targets with therapeutic implications. Furthermore, antibody drug conjugates have emerged as an important therapeutic strategy to target genomically complex tumors that lack actionable oncogenes but have overexpressed actionable surface receptors such as trop-2. In this article, we discuss promising novel agents for advanced TNBC, some of which have been incorporated into current clinical practice, and others that will likely change the therapeutic landscape and redefine the TNBC terminology in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelima Vidula
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Leif W Ellisen
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Aditya Bardia
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Park K, Kim MK, Lee T, Hong J, Kim H, Ahn S, Lee Y, Kim J, Lee S, Lee JW, Lee W, Chun S, Son BH, Jung KH, Kim Y, Min W, Ahn S. Performance evaluation of an amplicon-based next-generation sequencing panel for BRCA1 and BRCA2 variant detection. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 34:e23524. [PMID: 32812259 PMCID: PMC7755770 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology matures, various amplicon-based NGS tests for BRCA1/2 genotyping have been introduced. This study was designed to evaluate an NGS test using a newly released amplicon-based panel, AmpliSeq for Illumina BRCA Panel (AmpliSeq panel), for detection of clinically significant BRCA variants, and to compare it to another amplicon-based NGS test confirmed by Sanger sequencing. METHODS We reviewed BRCA test results done by NGS using the TruSeq Custom Amplicon kit from patients suspected of hereditary breast/ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOC) in 2018. Of those, 96 residual samples with 100 clinically significant variants were included in this study using predefined criteria: 100 variants were distributed throughout the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. All target variants were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Duplicate NGS testing of these samples was performed using the AmpliSeq panel, and the concordance of results from the two amplicon-based NGS tests was assessed. RESULTS Ninety-nine of 100 variants were detected in duplicate BRCA1/2 genotyping using the AmpliSeq panel (sensitivity, 99%; specificity, 100%). In the discordant case, one variant (BRCA1 c.3627dupA) was found only in repeat 1, but not in repeat 2. Automated nomenclature of all variants, except for two indel variants, was in consensus with Human Genome Variation Society nomenclature. CONCLUSION Our findings confirm that the analytic performance of the AmpliSeq panel is satisfactory, with high sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuenyoul Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Min Kyu Kim
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Changwon HospitalSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineChangwon‐SiKorea
| | - Taegeun Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Jinyoung Hong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Hyun‐Ki Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Sunyoung Ahn
- Department of Laboratory MedicineKangwon National University School of MedicineChuncheonKorea
| | - Young‐Jae Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Jisun Kim
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Shin‐Wha Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Jong Won Lee
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Woochang Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Sail Chun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Byung Ho Son
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Kyung Hae Jung
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Yong‐Man Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Won‐Ki Min
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Sei‐Hyun Ahn
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
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Charan M, Verma AK, Hussain S, Misri S, Mishra S, Majumder S, Ramaswamy B, Ahirwar D, Ganju RK. Molecular and Cellular Factors Associated with Racial Disparity in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165936. [PMID: 32824813 PMCID: PMC7460595 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that racial differences can influence breast cancer incidence and survival rate. African American (AA) women are at two to three fold higher risk for breast cancer than other ethnic groups. AA women with aggressive breast cancers show worse prognoses and higher mortality rates relative to Caucasian (CA) women. Over the last few years, effective treatment strategies have reduced mortality from breast cancer. Unfortunately, the breast cancer mortality rate among AA women remains higher compared to their CA counterparts. The focus of this review is to underscore the racial differences and differential regulation/expression of genetic signatures in CA and AA women with breast cancer. Moreover, immune cell infiltration significantly affects the clinical outcome of breast cancer. Here, we have reviewed recent findings on immune cell recruitment in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and documented its association with breast cancer racial disparity. In addition, we have extensively discussed the role of cytokines, chemokines, and other cell signaling molecules among AA and CA breast cancer patients. Furthermore, we have also reviewed the distinct genetic and epigenetic changes in AA and CA patients. Overall, this review article encompasses various molecular and cellular factors associated with breast cancer disparity that affects mortality and clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Charan
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.C.); (A.K.V.); (S.H.); (S.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Ajeet K. Verma
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.C.); (A.K.V.); (S.H.); (S.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Shahid Hussain
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.C.); (A.K.V.); (S.H.); (S.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Swati Misri
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.C.); (A.K.V.); (S.H.); (S.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Sanjay Mishra
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.C.); (A.K.V.); (S.H.); (S.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Sarmila Majumder
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.); (B.R.)
| | - Bhuvaneswari Ramaswamy
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.); (B.R.)
| | - Dinesh Ahirwar
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.C.); (A.K.V.); (S.H.); (S.M.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence: (D.A.); (R.K.G.)
| | - Ramesh K. Ganju
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.C.); (A.K.V.); (S.H.); (S.M.); (S.M.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.); (B.R.)
- Correspondence: (D.A.); (R.K.G.)
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Ávila-Gálvez MÁ, Giménez-Bastida JA, Espín JC, González-Sarrías A. Dietary Phenolics against Breast Cancer. A Critical Evidence-Based Review and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165718. [PMID: 32784973 PMCID: PMC7461055 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy and the leading cause of cancer-related death in adult women worldwide. Over 85% of BC cases are non-hereditary, caused by modifiable extrinsic factors related to lifestyle, including dietary habits, which play a crucial role in cancer prevention. Although many epidemiological and observational studies have inversely correlated the fruit and vegetable consumption with the BC incidence, the involvement of their phenolic content in this correlation remains contradictory. During decades, wrong approaches that did not consider the bioavailability, metabolism, and breast tissue distribution of dietary phenolics persist behind the large currently existing gap between preclinical and clinical research. In the present review, we provide comprehensive preclinical and clinical evidence according to physiologically relevant in vitro and in vivo studies. Some dietary phenolics such as resveratrol (RSV), quercetin, isoflavones, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), lignans, and curcumin are gaining attention for their chemopreventive properties in preclinical research. However, the clinical evidence of dietary phenolics as BC chemopreventive compounds is still inconclusive. Therefore, the only way to validate promising preclinical results is to conduct clinical trials in BC patients. In this regard, future perspectives on dietary phenolics and BC research are also critically discussed.
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Qi Y, Liu J, Chao J, Scheuerman MP, Rahimi SA, Lee LY, Li S. PTEN suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cell activity by downregulating Abi1. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12685. [PMID: 32728066 PMCID: PMC7391766 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69698-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an embryonic program frequently reactivated during cancer progression and is implicated in cancer invasion and metastasis. Cancer cells can also acquire stem cell properties to self-renew and give rise to new tumors through the EMT. Inactivation of the tumor suppressor PTEN has been shown to induce the EMT, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are less understood. In this study, we reconstituted PTEN-deficient breast cancer cells with wild-type and mutant PTEN, demonstrating that restoration of PTEN expression converted cancer cells with mesenchymal traits to an epithelial phenotype and inhibited cancer stem cell (CSC) activity. The protein rather than the lipid phosphatase activity of PTEN accounts for the reversal of the EMT. PTEN dephosphorylates and downregulates Abi1 in breast cancer cells. Gain- and loss-of-function analysis indicates that upregulation of Abi1 mediates PTEN loss-induced EMT and CSC activity. These results suggest that PTEN may suppress breast cancer invasion and metastasis via dephosphorylating and downregulating Abi1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Qi
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers University Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 125 Paterson Street, MEB-687, New Brunswick, NJ, 08093, USA
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers University Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 125 Paterson Street, MEB-687, New Brunswick, NJ, 08093, USA
| | - Joshua Chao
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers University Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 125 Paterson Street, MEB-687, New Brunswick, NJ, 08093, USA
| | - Mark P Scheuerman
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers University Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 125 Paterson Street, MEB-687, New Brunswick, NJ, 08093, USA
| | - Saum A Rahimi
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers University Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 125 Paterson Street, MEB-687, New Brunswick, NJ, 08093, USA
| | - Leonard Y Lee
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers University Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 125 Paterson Street, MEB-687, New Brunswick, NJ, 08093, USA
| | - Shaohua Li
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers University Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 125 Paterson Street, MEB-687, New Brunswick, NJ, 08093, USA.
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Yuen J, Cousens N, Barlow-Stewart K, O'Shea R, Andrews L. Online BRCA1/2 screening in the Australian Jewish community: a qualitative study. J Community Genet 2020; 11:291-302. [PMID: 31879826 PMCID: PMC7295878 DOI: 10.1007/s12687-019-00450-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Screening programmes for BRCA1/2 Jewish Founder mutations (JFM) in the Jewish community have been advocated internationally. Implementation of these programmes could decrease morbidity and mortality of BRCA1/2 JFM carriers through the uptake of cancer screening strategies and risk-reducing surgery. An online programme offered to the Sydney Jewish community that delivers pre-test information and collects consent for BRCA1/2 JFM testing via a website is currently being evaluated (JeneScreen). Forty-three participants from JeneScreen were invited to participate in a sub-study, of semi-structured pre- and post-result telephone interviews. Eleven participants consented to the sub-study. The interviews explored their experiences regarding the online model of obtaining pre-test genetic information, giving consent and receiving results. Inductive thematic analysis was carried out on the interviews. Overarching themes identified include (1) embracing online testing, (2) the online pre-test experience, (3) the result notification experience, (4) concerns associated with online testing and (5) testing as a responsibility. Overall, participants were highly satisfied with online BRCA1/2 JFM testing, an indication that the a website for pre-test information provision is an acceptable alternative to in-person genetic counselling for BRCA1/2 JFM screening and represents a feasible model for future community screening efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanette Yuen
- Discipline Genetic Medicine, Sydney Medical School, Northern, St Leonards, NSW, Australia.
- Cancer Genetics Service, Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Third Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610, Singapore.
| | - Nicole Cousens
- Hereditary Cancer Clinic, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Rosie O'Shea
- Discipline Genetic Medicine, Sydney Medical School, Northern, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
- Discipline of Genetic Counselling, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lesley Andrews
- Hereditary Cancer Clinic, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Vidula N, Dubash T, Lawrence MS, Simoneau A, Niemierko A, Blouch E, Nagy B, Roh W, Chirn B, Reeves BA, Malvarosa G, Lennerz J, Isakoff SJ, Juric D, Micalizzi D, Wander S, Spring L, Moy B, Shannon K, Younger J, Lanman R, Toner M, Iafrate AJ, Getz G, Zou L, Ellisen LW, Maheswaran S, Haber DA, Bardia A. Identification of Somatically Acquired BRCA1/2 Mutations by cfDNA Analysis in Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:4852-4862. [PMID: 32571788 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-0638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Plasma genotyping may identify mutations in potentially "actionable" cancer genes, such as BRCA1/2, but their clinical significance is not well-defined. We evaluated the characteristics of somatically acquired BRCA1/2 mutations in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Patients with MBC undergoing routine cell-free DNA (cfDNA) next-generation sequencing (73-gene panel) before starting a new therapy were included. Somatic BRCA1/2 mutations were classified as known germline pathogenic mutations or novel variants, and linked to clinicopathologic characteristics. The effect of the PARP inhibitor, olaparib, was assessed in vitro, using cultured circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from a patient with a somatically acquired BRCA1 mutation and a second patient with an acquired BRCA2 mutation. RESULTS Among 215 patients with MBC, 29 (13.5%) had somatic cfDNA BRCA1/2 mutations [nine (4%) known germline pathogenic and rest (9%) novel variants]. Known germline pathogenic BRCA1/2 mutations were common in younger patients (P = 0.008), those with triple-negative disease (P = 0.022), and they were more likely to be protein-truncating alterations and be associated with TP53 mutations. Functional analysis of a CTC culture harboring a somatic BRCA1 mutation demonstrated high sensitivity to PARP inhibition, while another CTC culture harboring a somatic BRCA2 mutation showed no differential sensitivity. Across the entire cohort, APOBEC mutational signatures (COSMIC Signatures 2 and 13) and the "BRCA" mutational signature (COSMIC Signature 3) were present in BRCA1/2-mutant and wild-type cases, demonstrating the high mutational burden associated with advanced MBC. CONCLUSIONS Somatic BRCA1/2 mutations are readily detectable in MBC by cfDNA analysis, and may be present as both known germline pathogenic and novel variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelima Vidula
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Taronish Dubash
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | | | - Antoine Simoneau
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Andrzej Niemierko
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Erica Blouch
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Becky Nagy
- Guardant Health, Inc., Redwood City, California
| | - Whijae Roh
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Brian Chirn
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Brittany A Reeves
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Giuliana Malvarosa
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jochen Lennerz
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Steven J Isakoff
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dejan Juric
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Douglas Micalizzi
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Seth Wander
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Laura Spring
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Beverly Moy
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kristen Shannon
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jerry Younger
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Mehmet Toner
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - A John Iafrate
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gad Getz
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lee Zou
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Leif W Ellisen
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shyamala Maheswaran
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel A Haber
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Aditya Bardia
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Monteiro AN, Bouwman P, Kousholt AN, Eccles DM, Millot GA, Masson JY, Schmidt MK, Sharan SK, Scully R, Wiesmüller L, Couch F, Vreeswijk MPG. Variants of uncertain clinical significance in hereditary breast and ovarian cancer genes: best practices in functional analysis for clinical annotation. J Med Genet 2020; 57:509-518. [PMID: 32152249 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2019-106368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro N Monteiro
- Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Peter Bouwman
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arne N Kousholt
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Diana M Eccles
- Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK
| | - Gael A Millot
- Hub-DBC, Institut Pasteur, USR 3756 CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Yves Masson
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Oncology Division, Laval University Cancer Research Center, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marjanka K Schmidt
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Shyam K Sharan
- National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Ralph Scully
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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46
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Michaelides A, Constantinou C. Integration of longitudinal psychoeducation programmes during the phases of diagnosis, management and survivorship of breast cancer patients: A narrative review. J Cancer Policy 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpo.2019.100214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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47
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Bajpai J, Singh G, Chougule A, Chandrani P. Rare mutations in breast cancer and implications in the clinic: Oscillation between sharp horns of dilemmas! CANCER RESEARCH, STATISTICS, AND TREATMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/crst.crst_136_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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48
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Concerns of Hereditary Breast Cancer in Pregnancy and Lactation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1252:129-132. [PMID: 32816272 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-41596-9_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Genetic testing should be offered to all women less than 40 years of age who are diagnosed with breast cancer, and patients with PABC are generally among them. However, there is no specific study about these cases, and whether genetic testing should be carried out during or after pregnancy is not known. Generally, testing before delivery should only be performed if positive results change management plans, such as undergoing fetal testing and choosing mastectomy instead of breast conserving surgery.
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Ruiz de Sabando A, Urrutia Lafuente E, García-Amigot F, Alonso Sánchez A, Morales Garofalo L, Moreno S, Ardanaz E, Ramos-Arroyo MA. Genetic and clinical characterization of BRCA-associated hereditary breast and ovarian cancer in Navarra (Spain). BMC Cancer 2019; 19:1145. [PMID: 31771539 PMCID: PMC6880350 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6277-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic testing for BRCA1/2 genes is widely used as a strategy to reduce incidence and morbidity of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC). The purpose of this study is to analyse the demographic and molecular characteristics of BRCA germline mutations in Navarra, Spain, and to investigate the clinical profile of hereditary and sporadic breast cancer (BC) and ovarian cancer (OC) in the Community. METHODS The study includes 1246 individuals assessed for BRCA1/2 genetic testing in Navarra, during 2000-2016, and a cohort of BC (n = 4384) and OC (n = 561) from the population-based Navarra Cancer Registry. Distribution and molecular characteristics of BRCA1/2 mutations, as well as, comparative analysis of the clinical course, pathologic features and overall survival (OS) of patients in different risk groups were investigated. RESULTS BRCA mutation detection rate was 16%, with higher proportion (63%) of BRCA2 families. Nineteen per cent of mutations were recurrent, one of which, BRCA2 c.6024dupG, showed high association to OC. BRCA carriers had double risk (95% CI = 1.04-4.33) of developing multiple malignancies than low risk families and were diagnosed at a much earlier age (16.6 and 11.7 years difference for BC and OC, respectively) when compared to the general population. For BC, BRCA carriers showed a more advanced histological stage, higher risk of bilateral neoplasms (OR = 4.3; 95% CI = 1.3-11.4, for BRCA2 carriers) and worse OS rate at 5-, 10- and 15- years, than women with sporadic tumors. For OC, over 70% of patients of all risk groups showed advanced stages at diagnosis, with the highest among BRCA1 carriers (91%). Furthermore, they also had higher probability of developing ovarian bilateral tumors (OR = 7.8, 95% CI = 1.7-55.7, for BRCA1 carriers) than the general population. Five-year OS rate was worse among women with sporadic OC than BRCA carriers, but it levelled out over the 15-year period. CONCLUSIONS In addition to national similarities in the HBOC-BRCA1/2 associated mutational spectrum, we identified a recurrent BRCA2 pathogenic variant (c.6024dupG), highly associated to OC in Navarra. Carriers of BRCA1/2 mutations showed a more severe BC and OC phenotype and had a worse overall prognosis when compared to a large cohort of women with sporadic counterpart tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainara Ruiz de Sabando
- Department of Medical Genetics, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Pamplona, Spain.,Navarrabiomed, Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Edurne Urrutia Lafuente
- Department of Medical Genetics, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Pamplona, Spain.,Navarrabiomed, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Fermín García-Amigot
- Department of Medical Genetics, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Angel Alonso Sánchez
- Department of Medical Genetics, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Pamplona, Spain.,Navarrabiomed, Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Sira Moreno
- Department of Medical Genetics, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria A Ramos-Arroyo
- Department of Medical Genetics, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Pamplona, Spain. .,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.
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50
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Nargis HF, Nawaz H, Ditta A, Mahmood T, Majeed MI, Rashid N, Muddassar M, Bhatti HN, Saleem M, Jilani K, Bonnier F, Byrne HJ. Raman spectroscopy of blood plasma samples from breast cancer patients at different stages. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 222:117210. [PMID: 31176149 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy was employed for the characterization of blood plasma samples from patients at different stages of breast cancer. Blood plasma samples taken from clinically diagnosed breast cancer patients were compared with healthy controls using multivariate data analysis techniques (principal components analysis - PCA) to establish Raman spectral features which can be considered spectral markers of breast cancer development. All the stages of the disease can be differentiated from normal samples. It is also found that stage 2 and 3 are biochemically similar, but can be differentiated from each other by PCA. The Raman spectral data of the stage 4 is found to be biochemically distinct, but very variable between patients. Raman spectral features associated with DNA and proteins were identified, which are exclusive to patient plasma samples. Moreover, there are several other spectral features which are strikingly different in the blood plasma samples of different stages of breast cancer. In order to further explore the potential of Raman spectroscopy as the basis of a minimally invasive screening technique for breast cancer diagnosis and staging, PCA-Factorial Discriminant Analysis (FDA) was employed to classify the Raman spectral datasets of the blood plasma samples of the breast cancer patients, according to different stages of the disease, yielding promisingly high values of sensitivity and specificity for all stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Nargis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - H Nawaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - A Ditta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - T Mahmood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M I Majeed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - N Rashid
- University of Central Punjab, Faisalabad campus, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M Muddassar
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - H N Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M Saleem
- National Institute of Lasers and Optronics (NILOP), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - K Jilani
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - F Bonnier
- EA 6295 Nano-médicaments and nano-sondes, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - H J Byrne
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Kevin Street, Dublin 8, Ireland
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