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Carmiol AM, Castro S, Castro-Rojas MD, Weisleder A, Robalino J. Links between booksharing and early vocabulary development in Costa Rica. Infant Behav Dev 2024; 76:101958. [PMID: 38772284 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2024.101958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Early vocabulary development is crucial for future cognitive and academic outcomes, and parent-child booksharing has been recognized as a powerful home literacy practice to promote word learning. However, evidence about the link between booksharing and language development in diverse cultural and socioeconomic settings is currently limited, hindering the formulation of a broadly applicable framework to understand the favorable conditions for early vocabulary development. This study explores the relationship between booksharing and early receptive and expressive vocabulary in a sample of 183 mothers and their toddlers in Costa Rica, a context where reading is not a common practice and children have limited access to books. Mothers completed an interview about their booksharing practices and reported children's receptive and expressive vocabulary. Results demonstrated a positive link between maternal booksharing and children's expressive vocabulary. Child gender moderated the link between booksharing and receptive vocabulary, exhibiting a stronger association in girls than in boys. Mothers with lower education levels reported higher expressive vocabulary scores for their children than mothers with higher education levels. These findings underscore the significance of booksharing in the home literacy environment, even in cultural contexts with distinct reading practices. Moreover, they highlight the need to incorporate sociocultural factors into comprehensive accounts concerning the role of booksharing in early word learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Carmiol
- Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas, Universidad de Costa Rica, Costa Rica.
| | - Susan Castro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas, Universidad de Costa Rica, Costa Rica
| | - María Dolores Castro-Rojas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas, Universidad de Costa Rica, Costa Rica; Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica, Costa Rica
| | - Adriana Weisleder
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, USA
| | - Juan Robalino
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Económicas, Universidad de Costa Rica, Costa Rica
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2
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Beeri M, Dror T, Weiss PL, Blinder JN. A multidisciplinary program to wean infants and toddlers from long-term tube feeding: Lessons learned from a retrospective study. JPGN REPORTS 2024; 5:334-341. [PMID: 39149174 PMCID: PMC11322022 DOI: 10.1002/jpr3.12104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Objectives Children maintain growth and development by ingesting adequate calories and nutrients, typically achieved via oral intake of food and liquids. When unable to eat and drink orally, they need temporary or permanent enteral nutritional support via nasogastric, nasoduodenal, gastrostomy, or jejunostomy tubes. The objectives of this retrospective study are to describe lessons learned from operating a weaning program at ALYN Hospital for over a decade, the characteristics of the patient population (gender, age, medical condition, and type of tube feeding and hospitalization), and which of these characteristics correlate with successful weaning. Methods Data were obtained from the hospital's secure database of 82 infants and toddlers, 37 boys (45.4%) and 45 girls (54.9%) aged 3 months to 10.8 years who took part in a tube feeding intervention from 2011 to 2020. Descriptive and correlational analyses were performed to characterize the participants and their responses to the program. Results Fifty-one children (62.2%) were less than 2 years, 26 children (31.7%) were 2-4.11 years, and only 5 children were aged 5 years (6.1%) and older. Fifty-six children were successfully weaned from tube feeding, 9 children were eventually successful, but the process took longer than anticipated, 11 children were partially weaned and 6 were not successfully weaned. Conclusions These results are discussed within the context of a successful weaning program related to participant characteristics (medical condition, age, gender, and weight), and subsequent recommendations are offered related to the intervention setting, duration, and intensity; redefining success in weaning and the need for long-term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tal Dror
- Department of CommunicationsALYN HospitalJerusalemIsrael
| | - Patrice L. Weiss
- Helmsley Pediatric and Adolescent Rehabilitation Research CenterALYN HospitalJerusalemIsrael
- University of HaifaHaifaIsrael
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3
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Hershkovitz-Freudenthal A, Lavenda O. Factors associated with contemporary fatherhood. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1403955. [PMID: 39131869 PMCID: PMC11310008 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1403955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The most prevalent conceptualization of parenting of our time is intensive parenting which refers to parents' overinvolvement in children's lives, placing the child's needs before others' needs, including the needs of the parents themselves (i.e., Child-centrism). Intensive parenting is mostly attributed to mothers as they are still bearing the bulk responsibility for child rearing. Nevertheless, as the role of fathers changed in recent decades it is crucial to examine intensive parenting among fathers and understand whether factors that are associated with intensive mothering are associated with intensive fatherhood as well. The current study uses Belsky's Process of Parenting model to fill-in the gap. Methods Participants were 301 Israeli fathers of preschool children aged 22 to 50 years old (M=36.34, SD=5.01). They filled out online self-report questionnaires dealing with intensive parenting style, child temperament, social support, marital satisfaction, and parental self-efficacy. Results The model explained 64% of paternal child-centrism. Fathers who reported having children with more difficult temperament, reported low social support, low marital satisfaction, and low self-efficacy, were more intensive in their parenting style. Discussion The present findings are discussed in relation to previous findings regarding maternal child-centrism with an emphasis on their important implications for professionals working with families for the benefit of parents' and children's wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Osnat Lavenda
- School of Social Work, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
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4
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Peng Y, Xia M, Chi X. Age-varying associations of parent-adolescent relationship and school connectedness with adolescent self-compassion: Differences by gender. J Adolesc 2024. [PMID: 39015021 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Parent-adolescent relationships and school connectedness are critical promotive factors for adolescent self-compassion. However, little is known about how the magnitude of the associations between these protective factors and self-compassion changes across continuous age groups and whether gender differences exist in the age-varying associations. This study aims to investigate (1) the age-varying associations of parent-adolescent relationships and school connectedness with self-compassion using time-varying effect modeling and (2) how their age-varying associations may differ by gender. METHODS A total of 14,776 adolescents aged 10-18 (mean age = 13.53 ± 2.08, 52.3% males) from Shenzhen, China participated in this study. All adolescents completed the online questionnaires in the school computer rooms. RESULTS The results showed that both parent-adolescent relationships and school connectedness were positively associated with adolescent self-compassion, and the magnitudes fluctuated with age. Specifically, the association between parent-adolescent relationships and self-compassion peaked for adolescents in early adolescence, with the key timing for girls (age group of 10 years old) being slightly earlier than boys (age group of 11 years old). The association between school connectedness and self-compassion was stronger for boys in the early years of adolescence (in the age group of 12.7 years), while stronger for girls during middle adolescence (in the age group of 14.0 years). Overall, girls were more sensitive to connections with parents and schools than boys during most age groups. CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrated differential key timing for boys and girls regarding family- and school-based intervention to cultivate self-compassion and highlighted the importance of maintaining strong connections with families and schools for cultivating adolescent self-compassion, particularly for girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Peng
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- The Shenzhen Humanities & Social Sciences Key Research Bases of the Center for Mental Health, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mengya Xia
- T. Denny Sanford School of Social and Family Dynamics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Xinli Chi
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- The Shenzhen Humanities & Social Sciences Key Research Bases of the Center for Mental Health, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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5
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Ernsten L, Körner LM, Heil M, Schaal NK. The association between 2D:4D digit ratio and sex-typed play in children with and without siblings. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15231. [PMID: 38956189 PMCID: PMC11219774 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65739-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The 2D:4D digit ratio is commonly used as a surrogate possibly reflecting prenatal testosterone levels. Indirect evidence comes from studies investigating the association between 2D:4D and human characteristics that likely relate to prenatal testosterone. In children, sex-typed play reveals large sex differences early in development and an influence of prenatal testosterone is likely. Findings on the association between 2D:4D and children's sex-typed play are heterogeneous and other influences on the development of sex-typed play have been suggested, most of all social influences like siblings, their sex and birth order. The current study examined the association between right and left 2D:4D, a proposed surrogate for prenatal testosterone exposure, which was assessed in right and left hands of N = 505 6-month-old children, and sex-typed play behavior, which was evaluated 3.5 years later using the Pre-School Activities Inventory (PSAI), and the influence of siblings. To capture differential effects of siblings' sex and birth order, dummy-coded variables were used reflecting having no siblings as well as older or younger sisters or brothers. Multiple regression models were used to investigate the association between PSAI scores and sex, right and left 2D:4D, being a singleton as well as having an older or younger sister or brother. It was shown that sex and having an older brother were significant predictors for sex-typed play. Effects were further disentangled by conducting separate regression analyses in boys and girls. In boys, a significant association between PSAI scores and having an older brother was revealed, in girls, no significant associations were found. Results are discussed highlighting the non-significant association between 2D:4D and children's sex-typed play, which weakens the applicability of 2D:4D as a surrogate reflecting influences of prenatal T. Further, the importance of social factors like siblings on children's sex-typed play is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Ernsten
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Lisa M Körner
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Martin Heil
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nora K Schaal
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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6
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Bagg E, Pickard H, Tan M, Smith TJ, Simonoff E, Pickles A, Carter Leno V, Bedford R. Testing the social motivation theory of autism: the role of co-occurring anxiety. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 65:899-909. [PMID: 38156503 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Social Motivation Theory proposes that social reward processing differences underlie autism. However, low social motivation has also been linked to higher anxiety. Given the co-occurrence between autism and anxiety, it is possible that anxiety drives the association between social motivation and autistic characteristics. This study tests the mechanisms underlying the association between social motivation and autistic traits. METHODS Participants were 165 adolescents (71 male), aged 10-16 years, from the Mapping profiles of cognition, motivation and attention in childhood (C-MAPS) study, enriched for autistic traits (70 participants with an autism diagnosis, 37 male). Participants completed a battery of online experimental tasks, including a Choose-a-Movie social motivation task and social cognition measures (theory of mind; emotion recognition), alongside parent-reported child anxiety and autistic traits. RESULTS Higher social motivation was significantly associated with lower autistic traits (β = -.26, p < .001). Controlling for social cognition did not change the association between social motivation and autistic traits. Controlling for anxiety did significantly reduce the strength of the association (unstandardized coefficient change: p = .003), although social motivation remained associated with autistic traits (β = -.16, p = .004). Post hoc analyses demonstrated differential sex-effects: The association between social motivation and autistic traits was significant only in the females (β = -.38, p < .001), as was the attenuation by anxiety (unstandardized coefficient change: p < .001). CONCLUSIONS The association between social motivation and autistic traits could be partially attributed to co-occurring anxiety. Sex-specific effects found in females may be due to environmental factors such as increased social demands in adolescent female relationships. Results are consistent with self-report by autistic individuals who do not identify as having reduced social motivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloise Bagg
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Hannah Pickard
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK
| | - Manting Tan
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Tim J Smith
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK
- Creative Computing Institute, University of the Arts London, London, UK
| | - Emily Simonoff
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew Pickles
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, IoPPN, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Virginia Carter Leno
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, IoPPN, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Rachael Bedford
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, UK
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
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Silver AM, Alvarez-Vargas D, Bailey DH, Libertus ME. Assessing the association between parents' math talk and children's math performance: A preregistered meta-analysis. J Exp Child Psychol 2024; 243:105920. [PMID: 38643736 DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2024.105920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
The home math environment has gained considerable attention as a potential cause of variation in children's math performance, and recent research has suggested positive associations between parents' math talk and children's mathematical performance. However, the extent to which associations reflect robust causal effects is difficult to test. In a preregistered meta-analysis, we assess the association between parents' math talk and children's math performance. Our initial search identified 24,291 potential articles. After screening, we identified 22 studies that were included in analyses (k = 280 effect sizes, n = 35,917 participants). A multilevel random effects meta-analysis was employed, finding that parents' math talk is significantly associated with children's math performance (b = 0.10, SE = 0.03, p = .002). We tested whether associations differ as a function of sample characteristics, observation context, observation length, type of math talk and math performance measured, and modeling approaches to math talk variable analysis. In addition, we tested whether associations are robust to the inclusion of strong baseline covariates and found that effects attenuated when children's domain-general and/or prior math abilities are included. We discuss plausible bounds of the effects of parents' math talk on children's mathematical performance to inform power analyses and experimental work on the impact of parents' math language on children's math learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex M Silver
- Department of Psychology, Learning Research and Development Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
| | | | - Drew H Bailey
- School of Education, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Melissa E Libertus
- Department of Psychology, Learning Research and Development Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
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Kazemian SV, Farkhani EM, Jarahi L. Prevalence and determinants of suspected developmental delays among 12-month-old children in northeast of Iran: a large-scale population-based study. BMJ Paediatr Open 2024; 8:e002393. [PMID: 38925677 PMCID: PMC11202658 DOI: 10.1136/bmjpo-2023-002393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early identification of suspected developmental delays (SDDs) is crucial for planning early interventions. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of SDDs and the associated determinants in children aged 12 months in the northeast of Iran, using the Age and Stage Questionnaire-3 (ASQ-3) as the evaluative tool. METHODS This study conducted an analytical cross-sectional design to investigate all children who had completed the ASQ-3 screening form at 12 months of age within the time frame of 2016-2023 in the northeast of Iran. The necessary data were extracted from the electronic health record database associated with Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. To examine the factors associated with SDDs within each domain of the ASQ-3, a multiple logistic regression model was employed, and the results were presented using ORs along with 95% CIs. RESULTS Over 7 years, 236 476 children (96.74%) underwent routine ASQ-3 screening at 12 months. After excluding certain cases, 226 076 children (95.60%) were included. Among them, 51 593 children (22.82%) had a score below -1 SD, indicating SDD prevalence in at least one domain. The social-personal domain had the highest prevalence with 22 980 children (10.16%), while the gross motor domain had the lowest with 5650 children (2.50%). Logistic regression analysis identified strong predictors of SDDs, including hospitalisation at birth (OR=1.85, 95% CI:1.69 to 2.02), prematurity (OR=1.56, 95% CI: 1.37 to 1.79), urbanisation (OR=1.51, 95% CI: 1.45 to 1.57), boys (OR=1.36, 95% CI: 1.31 to 1.40) and lack of exclusive breast feeding until 6 months (OR=1.30, 95% CI: 1.25 to 1.34). CONCLUSION The prevalence of SDDs highlights the urgency for prompt action, while considering contributing factors. Policymakers can address modifiable risk factors associated with SDDs, including urbanisation risks, support programmes for immigrant families and the importance of exclusive breast feeding until 6 months. Additionally, it is recommended establishing gender-specific local standard cut-off points for the ASQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Vajiheh Kazemian
- Department of Community Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - Ehsan Mousa Farkhani
- Department of Epidemiology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - Lida Jarahi
- Department of Community Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
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9
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Gutermuth D, Hamstra MRW. Are there gender differences in promotion-prevention self-regulatory focus? Br J Psychol 2024; 115:306-323. [PMID: 37984379 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to examine gender differences in promotion/prevention self-regulatory focus, a dispositional motivational orientation with major implications for human functioning. First, a review of literature using social cognitive theory as a framework suggests that, driven by socialization processes, (1) women may on average be more prevention focused than men - meaning more vigilant to maintain a secure status quo, whereas (2) men may on average be more promotion focused than women - meaning more eager to advance to a better situation than their status quo. Second, we provide data to examine these possible gender differences in self-regulatory focus with secondary analyses of (a) our own existing data on dispositional regulatory focus and of (b) a large scale, representative panel study (LISS Survey). The data suggest a highly consistent difference with women being more prevention focused than men, while the difference in promotion focus is much smaller and is only found in European samples. Auxiliary data suggest promotion-focused women hold less traditional gender role beliefs as well as showing that regulatory focus partially explains examples of behavioural differences between men and women. The analysis of gender difference in regulatory focus sheds new light on gender differences and biases already known, and on regulatory focus, and as such opens up many new and important areas of future inquiry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Melvyn R W Hamstra
- IESEG School of Management, UMR 9221 - LEM - Lille Économie Management, Lille, France
- Univ. Lille, UMR 9221 - LEM - Lille Économie Management, Lille, France
- CNRS, UMR 9221 - LEM - Lille Économie Management, Lille, France
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Van Laer S, Fiľakovská Bobáková D, Kolarcik P, Engel O, Madarasová Gecková A, Reijneveld SA, de Kroon MLA. Parenting by mothers from marginalized communities and the role of socioeconomic disadvantage: insights from marginalized Roma communities in Slovakia. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1362179. [PMID: 38646114 PMCID: PMC11026858 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1362179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Roma living in marginalized communities often face poor living conditions and material deprivation, which may negatively impact parenting. Our aim is to compare the parenting behavior (support, harsh discipline, and stimulation) of mothers from marginalized Roma communities and the majority population in Slovakia. We also examine the role of socioeconomic disadvantage and related worries in the differences in parenting behavior between these groups. Methods We obtained cross-sectional data from mothers of children aged 14-18 months using the first wave of the longitudinal RomaREACH study dataset. Two groups were included in the sample: 93 mothers from MRCs and 102 mothers from the majority. We performed multiple regression and mediation analyses to assess whether the educational level of mothers, the degree of poverty, and poverty-related feelings of stress and worries explain parenting behavior differences between the groups of mothers. Results We found significant differences in parenting, especially in harsh disciplining and stimulation. These two domains were significantly associated with maternal education, degree of poverty, and poverty-related stress and worries. The degree of poverty partially mediated stimulation differences between the two groups of mothers. Conclusion Parenting in MRCs seems harsher and less stimulative than parenting in the Slovak majority. These differences are associated with the socioeconomic disadvantage of mothers. The degree of poverty partially explains why parenting in MRCs is less stimulative. These results may inform intervention efforts aimed at disadvantaged families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislava Van Laer
- Department of Health Psychology and Research Methodology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Kosice, Slovakia
- Graduate School Kosice Institute for Society and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Daniela Fiľakovská Bobáková
- Department of Health Psychology and Research Methodology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Kosice, Slovakia
- Graduate School Kosice Institute for Society and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Kosice, Slovakia
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Peter Kolarcik
- Department of Health Psychology and Research Methodology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Kosice, Slovakia
- Graduate School Kosice Institute for Society and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Kosice, Slovakia
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Ofer Engel
- Department of Community and Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Andrea Madarasová Gecková
- Department of Health Psychology and Research Methodology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Kosice, Slovakia
- Graduate School Kosice Institute for Society and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Kosice, Slovakia
- Institute of Applied Psychology, Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Sijmen A. Reijneveld
- Department of Community and Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Marlou L. A. de Kroon
- Department of Community and Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Environment and Health, Youth Health Care, University of Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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11
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Aguirre E, Benzeval M, Murray A. Parental gender attitudes and children's mental health: Evidence from the UK household longitudinal study. Soc Sci Med 2024; 344:116632. [PMID: 38316081 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Gender role attitudes have been found to be associated with the mental health of adults and adolescents, but little is known about whether parents' gender attitudes are associated with their children's mental health. Using data from Understanding Society, the UK Household Longitudinal Study (UKHLS), a large-population representative sample, we examine the links between parental gender role attitudes and child mental health outcomes as measured by the total and five components of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ). We construct structural equation models, separately for mothers and for fathers and for children aged 5 and 8, and adjust for key sociodemographic variables. We find that children aged 5 years exhibit fewer emotional and peer relationship problems and are more prosocial when their mothers have more egalitarian (compared to traditionalist) gender role attitudes. We also find that children are more prosocial at age 8 when their mothers have more egalitarian gender role attitudes. No statistically significant mediation effect is observed via maternal parenting behaviour. Fathers' more egalitarian gender role attitudes were associated with higher hyperactivity at age 5 and more prosocial behaviour at age 8. Further, engaging in less negative parenting behaviour completely mediates the association of fathers' more egalitarian gender attitudes with children's mental health across the majority of the SDQ scales. This suggests that parental gender attitudes may be a possible target for the prevention of mental health difficulties among children; however, future research will be required to examine the extent to which the associations we identified reflect causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith Aguirre
- Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, Essex, C04 3SQ, United Kingdom.
| | - Michaela Benzeval
- Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, Essex, C04 3SQ, United Kingdom
| | - Aja Murray
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, United Kingdom
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Kim KW, Wallander JL, Kim B. Associations of Broader Parental Factors with Children's Happiness and Weight Status through Child Food Intake, Physical Activity, and Screen Time: A Longitudinal Modeling Analysis of South Korean Families. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:176. [PMID: 38397667 PMCID: PMC10888306 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21020176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated how broader parental factors including parental happiness, parental play engagement, and parenting stress are related to Korean children's happiness and weight status across three years via indirect pathways through the children's energy-related behaviors of healthy and unhealthy food intake, physical activity, and screen time. Data from 1551 Korean parent pairs and 7-year-old children in the Panel Study on Korean Children were analyzed. A path analysis and gender-based multi-group analysis were conducted. Maternal happiness was negatively related to child screen time. Maternal play engagement showed positive concurrent associations with child healthy food intake and physical activity and negative associations with screen time. Maternal parenting stress was negatively related to child healthy eating. There was one significant finding related to fathers' role on children's energy-related behaviors, happiness, and weight status: the positive association between parental happiness and boys' unhealthy food intake. Child screen time was positively related to child weight status and negatively to child happiness at each age. Broader maternal parenting factors can serve as a protective factor for childhood happiness and weight status in 7-to-9-year-olds through being associated with a reduction in child screen time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kay W. Kim
- School of Social Sciences, Humanities and Arts, University of California, Merced, CA 95343, USA;
| | - Jan L. Wallander
- School of Social Sciences, Humanities and Arts, University of California, Merced, CA 95343, USA;
| | - Bokyung Kim
- Simple Steps Community Connection, Palo Alto, CA 94303, USA
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13
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Frost A, Scherer E, Chung EO, Gallis JA, Sanborn K, Zhou Y, Hagaman A, LeMasters K, Sikander S, Turner E, Maselko J. Longitudinal pathways between maternal depression, parenting behaviors, and early childhood development: a mediation analysis. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.01.24.24301747. [PMID: 38343808 PMCID: PMC10854292 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.24.24301747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Maternal depression is a global public health concern with far-reaching impacts on child development, yet our understanding of mechanisms remains incomplete. This study examined whether parenting mediates the association between maternal depression and child outcomes. Participants included 841 rural Pakistani mother-child dyads (50% female). Maternal depression was measured at 12 months postpartum, parenting behaviors (warmth, stimulation, and harsh parenting) were measured at 24 months, and child outcomes (mental health, socioemotional development, and cognitive skills) were measured at 36 months. Maternal depression predicted increased harsh parenting, child mental health difficulties, and child socioemotional concerns; however, there was little evidence for parenting as a mediator between maternal depression and child outcomes. Sex-stratified results are discussed, and findings are situated in context.
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14
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Hidalgo SG, Kim JJ, Tein JY, Gonzales NA. Are Discrepancies Between Father and Adolescent Perceptions of Harsh Parenting and Conflict Associated with Adolescent Mental Health Symptoms? J Youth Adolesc 2023; 52:2578-2591. [PMID: 37633858 PMCID: PMC11189594 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01842-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Though differences in informant perceptions of family processes are associated with poorer health, few studies have examined discrepancies between father- and adolescent-report of family phenomena and their impact on adolescent mental health. This study examined how father and adolescent-reported parenting and the differences in their perceptions is related to adolescent mental health. Participants were 326 father-adolescent dyads (Fathers: Mage = 41.2; Adolescents: 7th grade students, Mage = 12.0, 48.5% female). Overall, analyses revealed significant main effects of father and/or adolescent report of father-adolescent conflict and harsh parenting on adolescent internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Analyses revealed two instances in which discrepancies between father- and adolescent-report of family phenomena was related to adolescent mental health. Given the mixed nature of the findings based on the outcome reporter, the current study discusses implications for discrepancy research and future directions to better understand discrepant perceptions as useful information on their own. The parent clinical trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT03125291, Registration date: 4/13/2017).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah G Hidalgo
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, 900 S McAllister Ave., Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA
| | - Joanna J Kim
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, 900 S McAllister Ave., Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA.
| | - Jenn-Yun Tein
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, 900 S McAllister Ave., Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA
| | - Nancy A Gonzales
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, 900 S McAllister Ave., Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA
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15
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Bird A, Reese E, Salmon K, Waldie K, Peterson E, Atatoa-Carr P, Morton S. Maternal depressive symptoms and child language development: Exploring potential pathways through observed and self-reported mother-child verbal interactions. Dev Psychopathol 2023:1-14. [PMID: 37969026 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579423001311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Maternal depressive symptoms (MDS) in the postnatal period may impact children's later development through poorer quality parent-child interactions. The current study tested a specific pathway from MDS (child age 9 months) to child receptive vocabulary (4 ½ years) through both self-reported and observed parent-child verbal interactions (at both 2 and 4 ½ years). Participants (n = 4,432) were part of a large, diverse, contemporary pre-birth national cohort study: Growing Up in New Zealand. Results indicated a direct association between greater MDS at 9 months and poorer receptive vocabulary at age 4 ½ years. There was support for an indirect pathway through self-reported parent-child verbal interactions at 2 years and through observed parent-child verbal interactions at 4 ½ years. A moderated mediation effect was also found: the indirect effect of MDS on child vocabulary through observed verbal interaction was supported for families living in areas of greater socioeconomic deprivation. Overall, findings support the potential role of parent-child verbal interactions as a mechanism for the influence of MDS on later child language development. This pathway may be particularly important for families experiencing socioeconomic adversity, suggesting that effective and appropriate supportive parenting interventions be preferentially targeted to reduce inequities in child language outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Bird
- University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | | | - Karen Salmon
- Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | - Susan Morton
- University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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16
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Veldhorst C, Luijmes A, Kef S, Vervloed MPJ, Steenbergen B. Scoping review: quality of life of siblings of children who are deaf and hard of hearing, have a vision or motor impairment. FRONTIERS IN REHABILITATION SCIENCES 2023; 4:1227698. [PMID: 38035184 PMCID: PMC10682732 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2023.1227698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
This study identified the current state of knowledge about the Quality of Life (QoL) of siblings of children who are deaf and hard of hearing (DHH), have a vision impairment (VI) or motor impairment (MI). Additionally, factors associated with individual variation in QoL were examined. A scoping review was performed using PsycInfo, ERIC, Web of Science, and CINAHL. Empirical studies with siblings (age 0-18 years) of children who are DHH, have a VI or MI that investigate the QoL of siblings were included. A total of 1746 studies were identified of which 11 met the inclusion criteria. The results showed that QoL has different interpretations and various measurement tools are used. The findings showed both positive and negative outcomes for the QoL of siblings. For example, family cohesion was found as a positive consequence. A negative consequence could be a higher score on problem behavior. Personal and parental characteristics such as age and parental availability were two main factors related to individual variation in QoL. Insight in the factors related to individual variation may help researchers to consider the research perspective. In addition, healthcare providers can use the information to be either aware or intervene on specific factors that are related to the QoL of the children who are DHH, have a VI or MI and their siblings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlijn Veldhorst
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Anna Luijmes
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Sabina Kef
- Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Bert Steenbergen
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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17
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Léniz-Maturana L, Vilaseca R, Leiva D, Gallardo-Rodríguez R. Positive Parenting and Sociodemographic Factors Related to the Development of Chilean Children Born to Adolescent Mothers. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1778. [PMID: 38002869 PMCID: PMC10670009 DOI: 10.3390/children10111778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
The lack of economic resources has a negative effect on the maternal role of younger mothers. In Chile, the majority of adolescent pregnancies occur in socially and economically vulnerable contexts. The current study aimed to examine the relationship between demographic variables within the family context and parenting behaviors among Chilean adolescent mothers (including affection, responsiveness, encouragement, and teaching). These factors were correlated with communication, problem-solving abilities, and personal-social development in typically developing infants. The study included a sample of 79 Chilean adolescent mother-child dyads with children aged 10 to 24 months. Communication, problem-solving, and personal-social development were assessed using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-3, along with a demographic information questionnaire. The parenting behaviors mentioned above were observed using the Spanish version of Parenting Interactions with Children: Checklist of Observations Linked to Outcomes. The findings indicated that mothers in employment and those who had not dropped out of school had children with better problem-solving skills. Additionally, children residing with their fathers and female children performed better in communication, problem-solving, and personal-social development. Maternal responsiveness was associated with communication and problem-solving, while maternal encouragement was linked to improved problem-solving skills. Maternal teaching was connected to communication, problem-solving, and personal-social development. The study emphasized the significance of parenting and sociodemographic factors among adolescent mothers and their influence on their children's development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Léniz-Maturana
- Department of Cognition, Development and Educational Psychology, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Rosa Vilaseca
- Department of Cognition, Development and Educational Psychology, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - David Leiva
- Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Rodrigo Gallardo-Rodríguez
- Department of Sport Science and Physical Conditioning, Faculty of Education, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción 4070129, Chile;
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18
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Prino LE, Arace A, Zonca P, Agostini P, Scarzello D. Preschool Emotional Problems in the Post-Pandemic Era between Parental Risk and Protective Factors. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2862. [PMID: 37958006 PMCID: PMC10647701 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11212862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The psychosocial adaptation of children born or experiencing their early years during the COVID-19 pandemic remains uncertain. In order to implement prevention strategies, it is, therefore, a priority to deeply analyze children's mental health in this post-pandemic phase and to identify family risk and protective factors. Indeed, recent studies reveal that children's emotional distress increased with the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in situations of high parental stress. The study investigates associations between some parental characteristics (coping strategies, parental burnout, resilience, perception of social support, and promotion of children's social-emotional competence) and children's emotional symptoms, considering gender differences. A total of 358 parents of children aged 2 to 6 years participated in this study. Regression analyses show that parental burnout is a predictor of emotional symptoms; moreover, for females, higher levels of emotional symptoms are associated with parental maladaptive coping strategies, whereas for males, the parent's ability to promote children's emotional competence is a protective factor. Results emphasize the importance of supporting parental well-being as a critical factor in shielding children from the repercussions of adverse situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Elvira Prino
- Department of Philosophy and Education Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy; (A.A.); (P.Z.); (P.A.); (D.S.)
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19
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Neoh MJY, Teng JH, Setoh P, Esposito G. Perceptions of sexism interact with perceived criticism on women's response to sexist remarks in different relationship types. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18393. [PMID: 37884572 PMCID: PMC10603159 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44952-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sexism is a widespread form of gender discrimination, which can take the form of criticism towards women based on gender stereotypes. However, little is known about how perceived criticism and sexism shape one's construal of criticism from various interpersonal sources. The present study investigated whether perceived criticism, perceived sexism and the source of criticism (mother, father, workplace supervisor, romantic partner) interact to influence upset levels in response to criticism. 178 participants completed perceived criticism (PC) ratings for the four relationships and 95 female participants also completed the Schedule of Sexist Events scale. Participants read experimental vignettes describing scenarios of criticism from different sources and rated how upset they would feel in each scenario. Perceived sexism significantly moderated the effect of PC on upset levels only for sexist-related criticism from romantic partners and supervisors. Female participants with low perceived sexism show higher levels of upset as PC increased for sexist-related criticism from supervisors whereas female participants with high perceived sexism show lower levels of upset as PC increased for sexist-related criticism from romantic partners. These findings contribute towards understanding how perceived criticism and perceived sexism influence affective reactions to criticism across interpersonal sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Jin Yee Neoh
- Psychology Program, School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jia Hui Teng
- Psychology Program, School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peipei Setoh
- Psychology Program, School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gianluca Esposito
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy.
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20
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Silver AM, Chen Y, Smith DK, Tamis-LeMonda CS, Cabrera N, Libertus ME. Mothers’ and fathers’ engagement in math activities with their toddler sons and daughters: The moderating role of parental math beliefs. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1124056. [PMID: 36993892 PMCID: PMC10040787 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1124056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Parents’ beliefs about the importance of math predicts their math engagement with their children. However, most work focuses on mothers’ math engagement with preschool- and school-aged children, leaving gaps in knowledge about fathers and the experiences of toddlers. We examined differences in mothers’ and fathers’ (N = 94) engagement in math- and non-math activities with their two-year-old girls and boys. Parents reported their beliefs about the importance of math and literacy for young children and their frequency of home learning activities. Parents of sons did not differ in their engagement in math activities from parents of daughters. Mothers reported engaging more frequently in math activities with their toddlers than fathers did, but the difference reduced when parents endorsed stronger beliefs about the importance of math for children. Even at very early ages, children experience vastly different opportunities to learn math in the home, with math-related experiences being shaped by both parent gender and parents’ beliefs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex M. Silver
- Department of Psychology, Learning Research and Development Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Alex M. Silver,
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Darcy K. Smith
- Department of Psychology, Learning Research and Development Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Catherine S. Tamis-LeMonda
- Department of Applied Psychology, Steinhardt School of Culture, Education and Human Development, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Natasha Cabrera
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Melissa E. Libertus
- Department of Psychology, Learning Research and Development Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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21
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Wallentin M, Trecca F. Cross-Cultural Sex/Gender Differences in Produced Word Content Before the Age of 3 Years. Psychol Sci 2023; 34:411-423. [PMID: 36730745 DOI: 10.1177/09567976221146537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Does sex/gender matter for language acquisition? Small advantages in vocabulary size for females are well documented. In this study, however, we found that children's early vocabulary composition was a significantly better predictor of sex/gender than their vocabulary size. We conducted classification analysis on word-production data from children (12-36 months old, n = 39,553) acquiring 26 different languages. Children's sex/gender was classified at above-chance levels in 22 of 26 languages. Classification accuracy was significantly higher than for models based on vocabulary size and increased as a function of sample size. Boys produced more words for vehicles and outdoor scenes, whereas girls produced more words for clothing and body parts. Classification accuracy also increased as a function of age and peaked at 30 months, reaching accuracy levels observed in studies of adult word use. These differences in vocabulary are indicative of differences in the lifeworld of children and may themselves cause further differences in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikkel Wallentin
- Department of Linguistics, Cognitive Science and Semiotics, Aarhus University.,Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience, Aarhus University Hospital.,Interacting Minds Centre, Aarhus University
| | - Fabio Trecca
- Department of Linguistics, Cognitive Science and Semiotics, Aarhus University.,TrygFonden's Centre for Child Research, Aarhus University
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Abstract
Relative to males, women with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have neurobiological and clinical presentation differences. Recent research suggests that the male/female ASD prevalence gap is smaller than previously reported. Sex differences in symptom presentation as well as the male bias of ASD account for delayed/missed diagnosis among women. Investigating ASD and providing psychological evaluation referrals for women who are struggling socially and present with complex mental health conditions (e.g., ADHD, depression), even when they do not show typical autistic characteristics, is important. Accurate diagnosis facilitates understanding of challenges, increases access to treatments, and alleviates the burden of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Ochoa-Lubinoff
- Rush University Medical Center, 1725 West Harrison Street, Suite 710, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Bridget A Makol
- Rush University Medical Center, 1653 West Congress Parkway, 12 Kellogg, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Emily F Dillon
- Rush University Medical Center, 1645 West Jackson Boulevard, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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23
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Portengen CM, van Baar AL, Endendijk JJ. A neurocognitive approach to studying processes underlying parents' gender socialization. Front Psychol 2023; 13:1054886. [PMID: 36698563 PMCID: PMC9869282 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1054886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Parental gender socialization refers to ways in which parents teach their children social expectations associated with gender. Relatively little is known about the mechanisms underlying gender socialization. An overview of cognitive and neural processes underlying parental gender socialization is provided. Regarding cognitive processes, evidence exists that parents' implicit and explicit gender stereotypes, attitudes, and gendered attributions are implicated in gender socialization. Other cognitive factors, such as intergroup attitudes, gender essentialism, internal motivation for parenting without gender stereotypes, gender identity, and conflict resolution are theoretically relevant mechanisms underlying gender socialization, but need further investigation. Regarding neural processes, studies demonstrated that attentional processing, conflict monitoring, behavior regulation, and reward processing might underlie stereotypes and biased behavior. However, more research is necessary to test whether these neural processes are also related to parental gender socialization. Based on this overview, a framework is presented of neural and cognitive factors that were theoretically or empirically related to gender socialization.
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24
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Yeshua M, Zohar AH, Berger A. Mediating roles of character traits and parenting in the relationship between maternal effortful control and children's conduct problems. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15211. [PMID: 37065687 PMCID: PMC10100806 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Parenting practices are crucial to children's development and are important predictors of children's conduct problems. The aim of the current study was to test the mediating role of mothers' character traits on the relationship between their temperamental self-regulation and their parenting practices, and on their children's conduct problems. Method A representative sample of 387 Israeli mothers of kindergarten children was recruited online. They completed questionnaires about their own effortful control (adult temperament questionnaire; ATQ), character traits (temperament and character inventory-revised (TCI-R), big five inventory (BFI)), and parenting practices (coping with children's negative emotions scale; CCNES), as well as conduct problems of their children (strengths and difficulties questionnaire; SDQ). Structural equation models were fitted, testing for direct and indirect connections, once with character traits drawn from the TCI and once with BFI traits. Results In both analyses, the first model presented a significant direct effect between mothers' effortful control and children's conduct problems. When including mother's parenting and character (based on the TCI or on the BFI) in the model, the direct path became insignificant and significant mediation effects were found; specifically, the indirect path through the parenting practices, as well as the mediated mediation path through the parenting practices and character. Moreover, mediation effects were found between mothers' effortful control and parenting practices through some character traits. The selected models showed a good fit (e.g., NFI = 0.985; CFI = 0.997; RMSEA = 0.038). Discussion Our findings emphasize the importance of the mother's mature personality characteristics, the mother's actual parental practices, and the crucial value of this path for predicting child behavior outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maor Yeshua
- Department of Psychology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Ada H. Zohar
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Ruppin Academic Center, Emek Hefer, Israel
- Graduate Program in Clinical Psychology, Ruppin Academic Center, Emek Hefer, Israel
- Graduate Program in Gerontological Clinical Psychology, Ruppin Academic Center, Emek Hefer, Israel
| | - Andrea Berger
- Department of Psychology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
- School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
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25
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Holmberg E, Kataja EL, Davis EP, Pajulo M, Nolvi S, Lahtela H, Nordenswan E, Karlsson L, Karlsson H, Korja R. Unpredictable maternal sensory signals in caregiving behavior are associated with child effortful control. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279384. [PMID: 36538558 PMCID: PMC9767348 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that exposure to unpredictable patterns of maternal sensory signals during infancy is associated with child neurodevelopment, including poorer effortful control. However, longitudinal effects on child development and possible sex differences are understudied. The aims of the present study were to explore whether exposure to unpredictable maternal sensory signals during infancy is related to child effortful control at 5 years of age and whether child sex moderates these associations. In addition, we examined how exposure to very high vs. low/moderate unpredictability using categorical cut-offs is related to child effortful control. Participants (133 mother-child pairs, all Caucasian) were drawn from the FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study in Finland. Maternal sensory signals (auditory, visual, tactile) were coded from the 10-min free-play episode on a moment-on-moment basis using Observer XT 11 (Noldus), and the unpredictability of maternal sensory signals was characterized as the entropy rate when the infant was 8 months of age. Child effortful control was assessed via mother reports using the Child Behavior Questionnaire very short form (CBQ-VSF) when the child was 5 years old. Correlational analyses showed that higher unpredictability of maternal sensory signals had a modest association with children's poorer effortful control at 5 years of age. Notably, the linear regression model showed that child sex moderated these associations, as higher exposure to unpredictable maternal sensory signals was related to poorer effortful control among males, but not among females. Moreover, the general linear model showed that exposure to very high unpredictability was associated with poorer child effortful control at 5 years of age and remained significant when adjusted for possible confounding factors. These results are in line with previous findings and suggest that the unpredictability of maternal sensory signals is potentially an important aspect of early caregiving behavior associated with the development of child effortful control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eeva Holmberg
- Department of Clinical Medicine, FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- * E-mail:
| | - Eeva-Leena Kataja
- Department of Clinical Medicine, FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Elysia Poggi Davis
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, CO, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Marjukka Pajulo
- Department of Clinical Medicine, FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Saara Nolvi
- Department of Clinical Medicine, FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, Turku Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Hetti Lahtela
- Department of Clinical Medicine, FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Elisabeth Nordenswan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Linnea Karlsson
- Department of Clinical Medicine, FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku and Hospital District of Southwest Finland, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Turku and Hospital District of Southwest Finland, Turku, Finland
| | - Hasse Karlsson
- Department of Clinical Medicine, FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku and Hospital District of Southwest Finland, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Riikka Korja
- Department of Clinical Medicine, FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Dittman CK, Sprajcer M, Turley EL. Revisiting gendered parenting of adolescents: understanding its effects on psychosocial development. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 42:1-13. [PMID: 35967502 PMCID: PMC9364298 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03536-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Today's adolescents are growing up in a unique sociocultural climate in which gender issues are highly prominent. Alongside new ways of understanding gender identity, there are persistent gender disparities in social, health and mental health outcomes despite increasingly egalitarian views and a significant public focus on sexual assault and gender-based violence. Given gender-differentiated outcomes emerge during adolescence, it is critical to revisit factors influencing adolescent gender development. It has been argued that gendered parenting, reflected in differences in parenting attitudes and behaviors directed towards boys and girls, influences gender development. While numerous studies have examined gendered parenting with children, there has been no previous synthesis of gendered parenting of adolescents. Method: The current narrative review presents an overview of research into gendered parenting of adolescents, including parental modelling, gendered environments, and specific parenting practices, and draws together the available research on how it impacts adolescents. Gendered parenting is also examined in the context of LGBTQI + and gender non-conforming adolescents. Results: There is limited research investigating the presence of gendered parenting of adolescents, and even less assessing its impact on adolescent psychosocial outcomes. The available literature suggests that there may be effects of gendered parenting on adolescents, particularly on their gender role attitudes and gender-typed behaviors. Conclusions: Future work is needed to better understand how gendered parenting of adolescents manifests in the family home. In addition, research is needed to examine the longitudinal impact of gendered parenting, particularly within non-traditional families, and across a range of sociocultural contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra K. Dittman
- Central Queensland University, Locked Bag 3333, 4670 Bundaberg, DC, QLD Australia
- Parenting and Family Support Centre, School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD Australia
| | - Madeline Sprajcer
- Appleton Institute, Central Queensland University, Norman Gardens, QLD Australia
| | - Emma L. Turley
- Central Queensland University, Locked Bag 3333, 4670 Bundaberg, DC, QLD Australia
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Korlat S, Reiter J, Kollmayer M, Holzer J, Pelikan E, Schober B, Spiel C, Lüftenegger M. Basic Psychological Needs and Agency and Communion During the COVID-19 Pandemic. JOURNAL OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1027/1614-0001/a000378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Despite the conceptual proximity between the basic needs and agency and communion and their similar function for psychological functioning, studies investigating their interplay are scarce. This study aims to investigate their joint role in hedonic and eudaimonic well-being in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. Self-reports were collected from 13,313 adolescents (Sample 1) and 1,707 young adults (Sample 2) from Austria. The results show the importance of both agency and communion for the fulfillment of different basic needs and their role in well-being, with a universal interaction effect between communion and perceived competence on intrinsic motivation (eudaimonic aspect) in both gender groups in adolescence, as well as on positive emotions (hedonic aspect) among young women. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Korlat
- Department for Psychology of Development and Education, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Reiter
- Department for Psychology of Development and Education, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Marlene Kollmayer
- Department for Psychology of Development and Education, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Holzer
- Department for Psychology of Development and Education, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Pelikan
- Department for Psychology of Development and Education, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Schober
- Department for Psychology of Development and Education, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Christiane Spiel
- Department for Psychology of Development and Education, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Marko Lüftenegger
- Department for Psychology of Development and Education, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Austria
- Department for Teacher Education, Centre for Teacher Education, University of Vienna, Austria
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Mirtaheri G, Babaie A, Vahidi E, Ghanbari S. Gender influences on children’s selective trust of adult testimony in Iranian context. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/17405629.2022.2060962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Golfam Mirtaheri
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhesam Babaie
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Vahidi
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Ghanbari
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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Corcoran E, Gabrielli J, Wisniewski P, Little TD, Doty J. A Measurement Model of Media Parenting: Differences Across Parent and Child Reports and Youth Age and Sex. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-022-09962-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Yeung JWK. Family Processes, Parenting Practices, and Psychosocial Maturity of Chinese Youths: A Latent Variable Interaction and Mediation Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18084357. [PMID: 33923994 PMCID: PMC8072629 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Development of psychosocial maturity has profound implications for youths’ well-being and positive development in the long run. Nevertheless, little research has investigated the way family socialization contributes to youths’ psychosocial maturity. Both the concepts of family socialization and psychosocial maturity are multifaceted and latent, which may lead to biased results if studied by manifest variables. Also, no existing research has discovered how different family socialization components interact latently to contribute to youths’ psychosocial maturity. The current study, based on a sample of 533 Chinese parent-youth dyads, examined the effects of family socialization by positive family processes and authoritative parenting, and their latent interaction in an integrated moderation and mediation modeling framework on Chinese youths’ psychosocial maturity. Results showed that both positive family processes and authoritative parenting, and their latent interaction significantly predicted the higher psychosocial maturity of Chinese youths. Authoritative parenting acted as a mediator for the relationship between positive family processes and Chinese youths’ psychosocial maturity. Furthermore, the mediating effect of authoritative parenting was conditioned by different contexts of positive family processes, the strongest and least strong effects found in high and low positive family processes, respectively, and moderate effect observed in medium positive family processes. Findings of the current study contribute to our understanding of the complicated family mechanism in relation to youth development, especially in this digital era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerf W K Yeung
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Morawska A, Baker S, Johnston S. “The parent trap”: gender stereotypes and parenting roles in an Australian parenting website. AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00049530.2021.1906162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alina Morawska
- Parenting and Family Support Centre, School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia
| | - Sabine Baker
- Parenting and Family Support Centre, School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia
| | - Sarah Johnston
- Parenting and Family Support Centre, School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia
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Korlat S, Foerst NM, Schultes MT, Schober B, Spiel C, Kollmayer M. Gender role identity and gender intensification: Agency and communion in adolescents’ spontaneous self-descriptions. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/17405629.2020.1865143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Selma Korlat
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nora Maria Foerst
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marie-Therese Schultes
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Schober
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christiane Spiel
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marlene Kollmayer
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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