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Siddharthan N, Balagurunathan R, Venkatesan S, Hemalatha N. Bio-efficacy of Geobacillus thermodenitrificans PS41 against larvicidal, fungicidal, and plant growth-promoting activities. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:42596-42607. [PMID: 35670947 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20455-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The microbial interactions with plant hosts were known to establish plant growth and beneficial productivity. Some bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, yeast, and algae have proven as potential effective microbes in agricultural field. In this study, the insecticidal effect of Geobacillus thermodenitrificans PS41 secondary metabolites was tested against third instar larvae of Spodoptera litura, with mortality rate 60.26 ± 1.5% which might influence the agropest management. The test bacterial metabolites were subjected to GC-MS analysis. Totally, 17 different compounds were identified from the ethyl acetate extract metabolites of PS41 strain. The highest peak was obtained with behenic alcohol compound followed by 1-octadecene and penta erythrityl tetrachloride. The Geobacillus thermodenitrificans PS41 secondary metabolites showed potential antifungal activity against plant pathogenic fungi. The highest inhibit was attained against Cladosporium sp., (25 mm) followed by Rhizoctonia solani and Alternaria brassicola (23 mm). However, no toxic effect was exerted upon earthworm (Perionyx excavatus) when treated with PS41 bacterial metabolites. The potential PS41 strain was also found supporting the plant growth. The potential bacterial strain PS41 did not show antagonistic activity against soil bacteria such as Rhizobium sp., Azotobacter sp., Azospirullum brasilense, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus megaterium. The potential test organism, Geobacillus thermodenitrificans PS41, possessing biopesticide and biofertilizer properties can be a suitable ecofriendly organic applicant in agricultural field for enhancing crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagarajan Siddharthan
- Department of Microbiology, Periyar University, Periyar Palkalai Nagar, Salem, Tamil Nadu, 11, India
| | - Ramasamy Balagurunathan
- Department of Microbiology, Periyar University, Periyar Palkalai Nagar, Salem, Tamil Nadu, 11, India
| | - Srinivasan Venkatesan
- Department of Environmental Science, Periyar University, Periyar Palkalai Nagar, Salem, Tamil Nadu, 11, India
| | - Natarajan Hemalatha
- Department of Microbiology, Periyar University, Periyar Palkalai Nagar, Salem, Tamil Nadu, 11, India.
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Yu L, Wang B, Liu W, Xu T, Yang M, Wang X, Tan Q, Yang S, Fan L, Cheng M, Qiu W, Chen W. Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of styrene and ethylbenzene exposure with heart rate variability alternation among urban adult population in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 845:157231. [PMID: 35810908 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Styrene and ethylbenzene (S/EB) are the monomers of polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene (PE), respectively, and have been identified as significant hazardous air pollutants by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. However, the adverse effects of S/EB on human health, especially cardiovascular health, have not been well established. Urinary biomarker of S/EB exposure and heart rate variability (HRV) were measured in urban adults from the Wuhan-Zhuhai cohort and were repeated after 3-year and 6-year follow-ups. Linear mixed models were used to estimate associations of S/EB exposure biomarker with HRV and longitudinal additional annual change of HRV. The mediating role of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 was tested by using mediation analysis. A total of 2842 general adults were included at baseline analysis, and 4748 observations were included in the repeated measurement study. In the cross-sectional analysis, each 1% increment in urinary S/EB exposure biomarker was significantly associated with a 0.106 % (95 % CI: -0.160, -0.052), 0.109 % (-0.169, -0.049), 0.099 % (-0.145, -0.053), 0.040 % (-0.060, -0.020), and 0.031 % (-0.054, -0.007) decrement in low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF), total power (TP), standard deviation of all normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN), and square root of the mean squared difference between adjacent normal-to-normal interval, respectively. Smoking status modified the relationships of urinary S/EB exposure biomarker with TP and SDNN. TGF-β1 mediated 3.09-5.16 % of the association between urinary S/EB biomarker and lower HRV. The follow-up analyses detected a negative association between urinary S/EB exposure biomarker and the additional annual change of LF (β: -0.016; 95 % CI: -0.028, -0.004), HF (-0.014; -0.026, -0.001), and TP (-0.011; -0.021, -0.001). Our findings demonstrated that S/EB exposure was associated with HRV reduction among the general urban adults and the TGF-β pathway may play a part of the mediating role in this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linling Yu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Meng Yang
- Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Qiyou Tan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Shijie Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Lieyang Fan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Man Cheng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Weihong Qiu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Weihong Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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Dehghan Haghighi J, Hormozi M, Payandeh A. Blood serum levels of selected biomarkers of oxidative stress among printing workers occupationally exposed to low-levels of toluene and xylene. Toxicol Ind Health 2022; 38:299-307. [DOI: 10.1177/07482337221092501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Printing workers (PWs) are exposed to a mixture of solvents, yet the health risks associated with such exposuer are unknown. This study aimed to compare the serum levels of selected biomarkers of oxidative stress among occupationally exposed PWs to low-level of toluene and xylenes and unexposed controls. Associations between levels of such biomarkers and occupational exposures to toluene and xylene were also investigated. Urinary levels of hippuric acid (HA) and methyl hippuric acids (MHAs) as exposure biomarkers of toluene and xylenes, respectively, and serum levels of oxidative stress biomarkers, including total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), were measured among the 84 subjects, comprising 44 PWs and 40 unexposed subjects. Mean concentrations of urinary HA and MHAs of PWs showed a significant increase compared with the unexposed controls. Although levels of urinary biomarkers of exposure to toluene (HA) and xylenes (MHAs) were well below the biological exposure indices (BEIs; ACGHI), PWs presented significantly increased serum levels of MDA, and significantly decreased serum activities of SOD and GPx compared to the unexposed controls. However, for serum TAC and CAT activity, no significant difference was observed between the two groups. Correlation analyses indicated that urinary levels of HA and MHAs were positively correlated with MDA levels and negatively correlated with GPx and SOD. Our study suggested that the alterations evidenced in serum levels of MDA, SOD, and GPx could be involved in the oxidative stress caused by co-exposure to low levels of toluene and xylene. Further investigation is needed to clarify the effect of low-level occupational exposure to solvents among PWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javid Dehghan Haghighi
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Maryam Hormozi
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Health, Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Payandeh
- Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, School of health, Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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Pal VK, Li AJ, Zhu H, Kannan K. Diurnal variability in urinary volatile organic compound metabolites and its association with oxidative stress biomarkers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 818:151704. [PMID: 34793803 PMCID: PMC8904290 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are ubiquitous environmental pollutants that are associated with birth defects, leukemia, neurocognitive deficits, reproductive impairment and cancer in humans exposed to these compounds. Exposure to VOCs can be assessed by measuring their metabolites in urine. Little is known, however, about the temporal variability in urinary VOC metabolite (VOCM) concentrations within- and between-individuals. In this study, we determined the variability in the concentrations of 38 VOCMs in urine samples collected from 19 healthy individuals across a period of 44 days. We also measured seven biomarkers of oxidative stress (lipid, protein and DNA damage) in urine to assess the relationship of VOC exposure to oxidative stress. Seventeen VOCMs had detection frequencies (DFs) of >60% in urine, and we limited further data analysis to those compounds. The creatinine-adjusted geometric mean concentrations of VOCMs ranged from 2.70 μg/g to 327 μg/g in spot and 2.60 μg/g to 551 μg/g in first morning void (FMV) urine samples. Calculation of the intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) for 17 VOCM concentrations to assess their predictability and repeatability in urinary measurements showed ranges of 0.080-0.425 in spot and 0.050-0.749 in FMV urine samples, revealing notable within-individual variability. Our results suggest that taking only single measurements of VOCM concentrations in urine in epidemiological investigations may lead to exposure misclassification. In addition, VOCM concentrations were significantly and positively correlated with oxidative stress biomarkers. This study thus provides important information for formulating sampling strategies in the biomonitoring of VOC exposure in human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Kumar Pal
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States; Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Adela Jing Li
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States; Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Hongkai Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States; Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States.
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5
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Christmann A, Gries M, Scholz P, Stahr PL, Law JKY, Schulte S, Martin M, Lilischkis R, Ingebrandt S, Keck CM, Schäfer KH. The antioxidant Rutin counteracts the pathological impact of α-synuclein on the enteric nervous system in vitro. Biol Chem 2021; 403:103-122. [PMID: 34582634 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2021-0259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Motoric disturbances in Parkinson's disease (PD) derive from the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Intestinal dysfunctions often appear long before manifestation of neuronal symptoms, suggesting a strong correlation between gut and brain in PD. Oxidative stress is a key player in neurodegeneration causing neuronal cell death. Using natural antioxidative flavonoids like Rutin, might provide intervening strategies to improve PD pathogenesis. To explore the potential effects of micro (mRutin) compared to nano Rutin (nRutin) upon the brain and the gut during PD, its neuroprotective effects were assessed using an in vitro PD model. Our results demonstrated that Rutin inhibited the neurotoxicity induced by A53T α-synuclein (Syn) administration by decreasing oxidized lipids and increasing cell viability in both, mesencephalic and enteric cells. For enteric cells, neurite outgrowth, number of synaptic vesicles, and tyrosine hydroxylase positive cells were significantly reduced when treated with Syn. This could be reversed by the addition of Rutin. nRutin revealed a more pronounced result in all experiments. In conclusion, our study shows that Rutin, especially the nanocrystals, are promising natural compounds to protect neurons from cell death and oxidative stress during PD. Early intake of Rutin may provide a realizable option to prevent or slow PD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Christmann
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems and Technology, University of Applied Science Kaiserslautern, Working Group Enteric Nervous System, D-66482Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Manuela Gries
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems and Technology, University of Applied Science Kaiserslautern, Working Group Enteric Nervous System, D-66482Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Patrik Scholz
- Formulation Development, BAYER AG, R&D, D-51373Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Pascal L Stahr
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Philipps-Universität Marburg, D-35037Marburg, Germany
| | - Jessica Ka Yan Law
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems and Technology, University of Applied Science Kaiserslautern, Working Group Enteric Nervous System, D-66482Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Steven Schulte
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems and Technology, University of Applied Science Kaiserslautern, Working Group Enteric Nervous System, D-66482Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Monika Martin
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems and Technology, University of Applied Science Kaiserslautern, Working Group Enteric Nervous System, D-66482Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Rainer Lilischkis
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems and Technology, University of Applied Science Kaiserslautern, Working Group Enteric Nervous System, D-66482Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Sven Ingebrandt
- Institute of Materials in Electrical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074Aachen, Germany
| | - Cornelia M Keck
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Philipps-Universität Marburg, D-35037Marburg, Germany
| | - Karl-Herbert Schäfer
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems and Technology, University of Applied Science Kaiserslautern, Working Group Enteric Nervous System, D-66482Zweibrücken, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, D-68167Mannheim, Germany
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Sharma K, Goswami M, Shadab M, Sen Sarma N, Devi A. Treatment of paper mill effluent via electrochemical reaction and assessment of antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoparticles in in-vitro conditions. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01612-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Toluene oxidation: UV irradiation vs. ferrates. ACTA CHIMICA SLOVACA 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/acs-2020-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Novel technologies for organic pollutants degradation have been studied to cope with extensive water pollution. In this work, the use of ultraviolet degradation and potassium ferrate as possible oxidation tools for toluene, a widely used industrial chemical, degradation is proposed. In the experiment with ultraviolet irradiation, a low-pressure mercury lamp was used to generate a single line electromagnetic radiation with the wavelength of 254 nm. Maximal degradation efficiency achieved after 55 minutes of irradiation was 67.1 %. In the experiments with potassium ferrate, the highest degradation efficiency was 71.2 % at the concentration of 10 mg/L of ferrate (VI) anion.
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Alsaleh SA, Barron L, Sturzenbaum S. Perchlorate detection via an invertebrate biosensor. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:327-336. [PMID: 33392613 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay01732a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Improvised explosive devices (IEDs) are constructed from easily obtainable ingredients that are often unregulated and difficult to trace. Salts of the oxyhalide perchlorate are frequently used as oxidisers in IEDs and in commercially available munitions, thus a reliable detection is needed to aid forensic investigations and the tracing of environmental ground or surface water contamination. We introduce the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as a biosensor for the presence of perchlorate, a promising alternative to the costly, technically challenging and time-consuming current perchlorate detection methods. Perchlorate uptake dynamics in C. elegans were first validated using ion exchange chromatography followed by assessing the effects of perchlorate on key life-point indices to verify the suitability of the nematodes as a forensic biosensor. Whole genome microarrays and qPCR analyses established that a set of immune and stress response genes were enriched during perchlorate exposure. A nematode strain (agIs219) containing an integrated copy of the significantly overexpressed t24b8.5 gene promoter followed by a GFP reporter gene was shown to fluoresce in a perchlorate dose dependent manner with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.5 mg mL-1. Whilst chemicals commonly used in the construction of IEDs did not induce fluorescence, exposure to other oxyhalides did, highlighting the presence of possible shared stress response pathways. Burnt wire sparklers containing potassium perchlorate elicited fluorescence while other non-perchlorate containing post-blast explosion matrices did not. This demonstrates how C. elegans can be used to screen for perchlorate at environmental hotspots, an optimization, possibly with other target transgenes, is required to enable the detection of perchlorate at concentrations below 0.5 mg mL-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana A Alsaleh
- Department of Analytical, Environmental & Forensic Sciences, School of Population Health & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
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Fan D, Jing Y, Zhu Y, Ahmad S, Han J. Toluene induces hormetic response of soil alkaline phosphatase and the potential enzyme kinetic mechanism. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 206:111123. [PMID: 32861005 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hormesis of soil enzyme that involved in heavy metal has been attracting much more attention for risk assessment of heavy metal toxicity, but insufficient studies were conducted to define the hormetic responses induced by toluene or other organic pollutions. The objectives of this study were to investigate the hormetic responses of soil enzyme induced by toluene and explore the potential enzyme kinetic mechanism. Soil alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was regarded as the endpoint to explore the hormetic responses under different doses of toluene (0.0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 5.0, 10.0, 50.0 and 100.0 μL g-1). Subsequently, we conducted the experiments of enzymatic reaction kinetics and pure enzyme to further verify the potential mechanisms of soil ALP's hormesis. Results showed that ALP activities at 0.1-1.0 μL g-1 toluene were significantly increased in contrast to the control (0 μL g-1 toluene) (P < 0.05) at the exposure time of 30, 36, 48 and 54 h, with the maximum stimulation magnitudes of 24-43%. ALP activities were almost not affected by toluene (2-100 μL L-1) in the whole experimental period (6-54 h). Meanwhile, the values of catalytic efficiency (the radio Vmax/Km, Vmax: maximum reaction velocity and Km: Michaelis constant) and Vmax significantly increased compared with the control, but the value of Km decreased from 2.5 to 1.6. Overall, low dose toluene can induce hormesis of soil ALP. The potential reason is that low-dose toluene could enhance the combination of soil ALP and substrates. We believe that this study will provide a new viewpoint for ecological risk assessment of toluene contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diwu Fan
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Yujing Jing
- College of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Yongli Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China; College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Sajjad Ahmad
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, 89154-4015, USA
| | - Jiangang Han
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China; College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
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Adebambo TH, Fox DT, Otitoloju AA. Toxicological Study and Genetic Basis of BTEX Susceptibility in Drosophila melanogaster. Front Genet 2020; 11:594179. [PMID: 33193742 PMCID: PMC7593870 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.594179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene, also known as BTEX, are released into environmental media by petroleum product exploratory and exploitative activities and are harmful to humans and animals. Testing the effects of these chemicals on a significantly large scale requires an inexpensive, rapidly developing model organism such as Drosophila melanogaster. In this study, the toxicological profile of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, p-xylene, m-xylene, and o-xylene in D. melanogaster was evaluated. Adult animals were monitored for acute toxicity effects. Similarly, first instar larvae reared separately on the same compounds were monitored for the ability to develop into adult flies (eclosion). Further, the impact of fixed concentrations of benzene and xylene on apoptosis and mitosis were investigated in adult progenitor tissues found in third instar larvae. Toluene is the most toxic to adult flies with an LC50 of 0.166 mM, while a significant and dose-dependent decrease in fly eclosion was observed with benzene, p-xylene, and o-xylene. An increase in apoptosis and mitosis was also observed in animals exposed to benzene and p-xylene. Through Genome Wide Association Screening (GWAS), 38 regions of the D. melanogaster genome were identified as critical for responses to p-xylene. This study reveals the strength of D. Melanogaster genetics as an accessible approach to study BTEX compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temitope H Adebambo
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States.,Department of Zoology, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Donald T Fox
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
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Kribi-Boukhris SE, Boughattas I, Zitouni N, Helaoui S, Sappin-Didier V, Coriou C, Bussiere S, Banni M. Ecotoxicity of trace elements to chicken GALLUS gallus domesticus exposed to a gradient of polymetallic-polluted sites. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 265:114831. [PMID: 32474340 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mining activity may cause heavy metal accumulation, which threatens human and animal health by their long-term persistence in the environment. This study aims to assess the impact of polymetallic pollution on chicken (Gallus domesticus) from old lead mining sites in northeast of Tunisia: Jebel Ressas (JR). Samples of soil and chickens were collected from five sites being ranked along a gradient of heavy metal contamination. Heavy metal loads were evaluated in soil samples and in chicken liver and kidney. Biochemical evaluation of oxidative stress parameters termed as Catalase (CAT), Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST), and Malondialdehydes (MDA) accumulation was monitored. Metallothionein protein level was assessed as a specific response to heavy metals. DNA alteration was achieved using MNi frequency in the investigated tissues. Finally, the evaluation of gene expression levels of CAT, GST, mt1, mt4, P53, bcl2, caspase3 and DNA-ligase was performed. Our data showed the highest loads of Cd, Cu, Zn and Pb in tissues of animals from site 3, being more pronounced in kidney. Biochemical data suggested a significant increase in antioxidant enzymes activities in all sites respect to control except in site 3 were CAT and GST were inhibited. DNA alteration was observed in all tissues being very pronounced in animals from site 3. Overall, transcriptomic data showed that genes involved in apoptosis were up-regulated in animals exposed to the most contaminated soils. Our data suggest that chicken and selected biomarkers offer a suitable model for biomonitoring assessment of heavy metals transfer through the food web in mining sites. Finally, the obtained results of heavy metals accumulation and related alterations should be carefully considered in view of the controversial relationship between distribution and toxicology of contaminants in exposed organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh El Kribi-Boukhris
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, 4040, Higher Institute of Agronomy, Chott-Mariem, Tunisia; Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Iteb Boughattas
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, 4040, Higher Institute of Agronomy, Chott-Mariem, Tunisia.
| | - Nesrine Zitouni
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, 4040, Higher Institute of Agronomy, Chott-Mariem, Tunisia
| | - Sondes Helaoui
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, 4040, Higher Institute of Agronomy, Chott-Mariem, Tunisia
| | | | - Cécile Coriou
- UMR ISPA, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRA, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Sylvie Bussiere
- UMR ISPA, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRA, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Mohamed Banni
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, 4040, Higher Institute of Agronomy, Chott-Mariem, Tunisia
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12
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Xia SQ, Zhao HT, Wu YF, Han SW, Mi WH, Kang YJ, Hu J, Feng K. Effect of feeding conditions on the degradation of tetracycline in sewage sludge by earthworm. Biochem Eng J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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13
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Missawi O, Bousserrhine N, Belbekhouche S, Zitouni N, Alphonse V, Boughattas I, Banni M. Abundance and distribution of small microplastics (≤ 3 μm) in sediments and seaworms from the Southern Mediterranean coasts and characterisation of their potential harmful effects. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 263:114634. [PMID: 33618468 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are an uncontrolled contaminant affecting marine ecosystems. Studying their undesirable effects has been an attractive field for scientists in recent years. This study is the first to investigate the uptake and distribution of small microplastics (≤3 μm) from several sites in the Southern Mediterranean coasts. This work primarilyaims to provide a qualitative and quantitative analysis of microplastics in sediments as well as in the seaworms (Hediste diversicolor) from eight sites from the Tunisian coasts using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman microspectroscopy. The second aim is to evaluate the potential toxic effects of environmental microplastics using a set of biomarkers such as Catalase, Glutathione-S-Transferase, Malondialdehyde and Acetylcholinesterase. Our findings showed that microplastics (1 mm-1.2 μm) were present in all sediments with its abundance ranging from 129 to 606 items kg-1. Microplastic accumulation in seaworms (3 μm-0.22 μm) was 0.5-3.7 items g-1. The predominant polymer was polyethylene. Results also revealed a significant variation among sites in the parameters associated with oxidative stress. Thus, size abundance of microplastics in seaworms was mainly correlated with oxidative stress biomarkers. Our data should be carefully considered in view of the microplastic presence with several types and sizes in Tunisian coastal sites, their potential toxic effects, and their transfer into food web.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omayma Missawi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy, University of Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Noureddine Bousserrhine
- Laboratory of Water, Environment and Urban Systems, University Paris-Est Creteil, Faculty of Science and Technology, Creteil Cedex, France
| | | | - Nesrine Zitouni
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy, University of Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Vanessa Alphonse
- Laboratory of Water, Environment and Urban Systems, University Paris-Est Creteil, Faculty of Science and Technology, Creteil Cedex, France
| | - Iteb Boughattas
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy, University of Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Banni
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy, University of Sousse, Tunisia.
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14
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Di Carlo E, Boullemant A, Poynton H, Courtney R. Exposure of earthworm (Eisenia fetida) to bauxite residue: Implications for future rehabilitation programmes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 716:137126. [PMID: 32059318 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bauxite residue is typically alkaline, has high sodium content and elevated concentrations of trace elements. Effective rehabilitation strategies are needed to mitigate potential environmental risks from its disposal and storage. Increasingly, the importance of viable soil faunal populations as well as establishment of vegetation covers is recognized as key components of successful rehabilitation. Inoculation with earthworms is a strategy for accelerating mine site rehabilitation, but little is known on the effects of bauxite residue properties on earthworm survival and viability. In the current study, earthworms (Eisenia fetida) were exposed for 28 days to a series of bauxite residue/soil treatments (0, 10, 25, 35, 50, 75 and 100% residue) to evaluate possible toxic effects on earthworms, investigate the bioavailability of relevant elements (e.g. As, Cr, V), and assess the risk of element transfer. Results showed that soil containing ≥25% residue (pH ≥ 9.8; ESP ≥ 18.5%; extractable Na ≥ 1122 mg/kg) significantly impacted survival (mortality ≥28%) and reproduction (cocoon production inhibition ≥76%) of the exposed earthworms. Alkalinity, sodicity and bioavailable Na were identified as major factors causing toxicity and some earthworms were observed to adopt compensative response (i.e. swollen body) to cope with osmotic stress. Conversely, soil containing 10% residue (pH = 9.1; ESP = 9.2%; extractable Na = 472 mg/kg) did not elicit significant toxicity at the organism level, but biomarker analysis (i.e. superoxide dismutase and catalase) in earthworm coelomocytes showed an oxidative stress. Furthermore, earthworms exposed to soil containing ≥10% residue took up and accumulated elevated concentrations of Al, As, Cr and V in comparison to the control earthworms. We concluded that earthworm inoculation could be used in future rehabilitation programmes once the key parameters responsible for toxicity are lowered below specific target values (i.e. pH = 9.1, ESP = 18.5%, extractable Na = 1122 mg/kg for Eisenia fetida). Nonetheless, trace element uptake in earthworms should be regularly monitored and the risk to the food chain further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Di Carlo
- University of Limerick, Department of Biological Sciences & The Bernal Institute, Co. Limerick, Ireland
| | | | - Helen Poynton
- University of Massachusetts Boston, School for the Environment, Boston, USA
| | - Ronan Courtney
- University of Limerick, Department of Biological Sciences & The Bernal Institute, Co. Limerick, Ireland.
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15
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Bej S, Das R, Murmu NC, Banerjee P. Selective Identification and Encapsulation of Biohazardous m-Xylene among a Pool of Its Other Constitutional C 8 Alkyl Isomers by Luminescent d 10 MOFs: A Combined Theoretical and Experimental Study. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:4366-4376. [PMID: 32212694 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b03306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Separation of C8 alkyl-aromatics (o-xylene, m-xylene, and p-xylene) remains one of the most challenging tasks to date due to their similar physical and chemical properties. Cd2+- and Zn2+-based luminescent metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been synthesized for the selective identification of m-xylene in a pool of other isomers by fluorometric methods. Inhibition of the photoinduced electron transfer process is the prime reason for fluorescence enhancement, owing to the comparable molecular orbital energies for m-xylene in comparison with o- and p-xylene. Density functional theory calculations signify that the extraordinary selectivity is mainly due to the high dipole moment of m-xylene that might enhance the ring current, leading to a strong π-π interaction with the MOF's co-ligand. As a practical application, fluorometric sensing could be used for the estimation of m-xylene in different solvent media. Moreover, X-ray structural analysis reveals that the Zn2+-MOF can encapsulate m-xylene selectively within its framework among other constitutional isomers, which also emphasizes its capability for practical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Bej
- Surface Engineering & Tribology Group, CSIR-Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur 713209, West Bengal, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), AcSIR Headquarters CSIR-HRDC Campus, Postal Staff College Area, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Riyanka Das
- Surface Engineering & Tribology Group, CSIR-Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur 713209, West Bengal, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), AcSIR Headquarters CSIR-HRDC Campus, Postal Staff College Area, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Naresh Chandra Murmu
- Surface Engineering & Tribology Group, CSIR-Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur 713209, West Bengal, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), AcSIR Headquarters CSIR-HRDC Campus, Postal Staff College Area, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Priyabrata Banerjee
- Surface Engineering & Tribology Group, CSIR-Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur 713209, West Bengal, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), AcSIR Headquarters CSIR-HRDC Campus, Postal Staff College Area, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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16
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Ga’al H, Yang G, Fouad H, Guo M, Mo J. Mannosylerythritol Lipids Mediated Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles: An Eco-friendly and Operative Approach Against Chikungunya Vector Aedes albopictus. J CLUST SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-019-01751-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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17
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Hemalatha D, Nataraj B, Rangasamy B, Shobana C, Ramesh M. DNA damage and physiological responses in an Indian major carp Labeo rohita exposed to an antimicrobial agent triclosan. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2019; 45:1463-1484. [PMID: 31222661 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-019-00661-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This study is aimed to evaluate the toxic effects of triclosan (TCS) in an Indian major carp Labeo rohita. The 96-h LC50 value of triclosan to L. rohita was found to be 0.39 mg L-1. Fish were exposed to two sublethal concentrations (0.039 mg L-1, treatment I and 0.078 mg L-1, treatment II) of TCS for 35 days, and certain hematobiochemical, antioxidant, histopathological responses were measured. Compared to the control group, there was a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the values and genotoxicity of hematological parameters such as hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), and erythrocyte (RBC) in TCS-exposed fish, but the values of leucocyte count (WBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) were found to be increased. A biphasic response in mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) value was observed during the study period (35 days). Significant (p < 0.05) alterations in plasma biochemical parameters (glucose and protein), electrolytes (Na+, K+, and Cl-), and transaminases (GOT and GPT) were observed in fish treated with TCS in both treatments. Gill Na+/K+-ATPase activity was found to be decreased in fish treated with TCS in both treatments. Enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant index levels have also fluctuated in all the tissues (gill, liver, and kidney). The histological lesions were comparatively more severe in the gill than the liver and kidney. Comet assay showed DNA damage on exposure at two sublethal concentrations. The present results suggest that TCS is highly toxic to fish even at sublethal concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devan Hemalatha
- Department of Zoology, PSG Arts and Science College, Avinashi Road, Civil Aerodrome Post, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641014, India
| | - Bojan Nataraj
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Basuvannan Rangasamy
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Chellappan Shobana
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Mathan Ramesh
- Department of Zoology, PSG Arts and Science College, Avinashi Road, Civil Aerodrome Post, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641014, India.
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18
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Mkhinini M, Boughattas I, Alphonse V, Livet A, Bousserrhine N, Banni M. Effect of treated wastewater irrigation in East Central region of Tunisia (Monastir governorate) on the biochemical and transcriptomic response of earthworms Eisenia andrei. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 647:1245-1255. [PMID: 30180333 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Treated wastewater (TWW) reuse for irrigation has become an excellent way to palliate water scarcity in Mediterranean arid regions. However, the toxicological effects of these effluents on the soil's organisms, especially earthworms, have not been well studied as yet. In this paper, earthworms Eisenia andrei were exposed for 7 days and 14 days to five agricultural soils irrigated with TWW for different periods: 1 year, 8 years, and 20 years. In addition, they were also exposed to soil from one reference site sampled from the Ouardenin perimeter in the Monastir Governorate in Tunisia. The effect on earthworms was assessed at the biochemical level by evaluating for catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), malondialdehyde accumulation (MDA) and acetylcholinesterase inhibition (AChE). On the other hand, genotoxicity and transcriptomic responses were evaluated using micronuclei test (MNT) and gene expression level of CAT and GST. Moreover, metals uptake by earthworms was analyzed. Results showed that CAT and GST activity in the earthworm increased significantly when they were exposed to soils irrigated with TWW for 1, 8 and 20 years. Furthermore, MDA concentration also increased significantly with the increase in exposure period. However, AChE activity decreased and MNi frequency increased in earthworms after 7 and 14 days of exposure to soils irrigated with TWW for more than a year. The gene expression level of CAT and GST showed a significant variability, thus data are discussed in relation to the studied biomarkers (CAT and GST). These data provide new insights into the effect of toxicity of TWW on the soil's macro fauna, which is strongly affected by the trace elements and other organic compounds accumulated in soils after 20 years of TWW irrigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marouane Mkhinini
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy Chott-Meriem, 4042, Tunisia.
| | - Iteb Boughattas
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy Chott-Meriem, 4042, Tunisia.
| | - Vanessa Alphonse
- Laboratory of Water Environment and Urban systems, University Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil cedex, 94010, France.
| | - Alexandre Livet
- Laboratory of Water Environment and Urban systems, University Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil cedex, 94010, France.
| | - Noureddine Bousserrhine
- Laboratory of Water Environment and Urban systems, University Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil cedex, 94010, France.
| | - Mohammed Banni
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy Chott-Meriem, 4042, Tunisia
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19
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Ečimović S, Velki M, Vuković R, Štolfa Čamagajevac I, Petek A, Bošnjaković R, Grgić M, Engelmann P, Bodó K, Filipović-Marijić V, Ivanković D, Erk M, Mijošek T, Lončarić Z. Acute toxicity of selenate and selenite and their impacts on oxidative status, efflux pump activity, cellular and genetic parameters in earthworm Eisenia andrei. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 212:307-318. [PMID: 30145422 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.08.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential element for humans, animals, and certain lower plants, but can be toxic at high concentration. Even though Se is potentially toxic, little information is available about the effects of Se on soil animals. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of different concentrations of two Se forms, selenate and selenite, on earthworm Eisenia andrei. In order to obtain comprehensive overview on the Se effects, different parameters were measured. Namely, acute toxicity, apoptosis, efflux pump activity, different enzymatic and non-enzymatic biomarkers (acetylcholinesterase, carboxylesterase, glutathione S-transferase, catalase, glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase activities, lipid peroxidation level and GSH/GSSG ratio) and expression of genes involved in oxidative and immune response have been investigated. Additionally, measurement of metallothioneins concentration and concentration of Se in exposed earthworms has been also performed. The assessment of acute toxicity showed a greater sensitivity of E. andrei to selenite exposure, whereas Se concentration measurements in earthworms showed higher accumulation of selenate form. Both Se forms caused inhibition of the efflux pump activity. Decrease in superoxide dismutase activity and increase in lipid peroxidation and glutathione reductase activity indicate that Se has a significant impact on the oxidative status of earthworms. Selenate exposure caused an apoptotic-like cell death in the coelomocytes of exposed earthworms, whereas decreased mRNA levels of stress-related genes and antimicrobial factors were observed upon the exposure to selenite. The obtained data give insight into the effects of two most common forms of Se in soil on the earthworm E. andrei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Ečimović
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
| | - Mirna Velki
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
| | - Rosemary Vuković
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
| | - Ivna Štolfa Čamagajevac
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
| | - Anja Petek
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
| | - Rebeka Bošnjaković
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
| | - Magdalena Grgić
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
| | - Péter Engelmann
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti u. 12, Pécs H-7643, Hungary.
| | - Kornélia Bodó
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti u. 12, Pécs H-7643, Hungary.
| | - Vlatka Filipović-Marijić
- Laboratory for Biological Effects of Metals, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, P.O. Box 180, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Dušica Ivanković
- Laboratory for Biological Effects of Metals, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, P.O. Box 180, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Marijana Erk
- Laboratory for Biological Effects of Metals, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, P.O. Box 180, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Tatjana Mijošek
- Laboratory for Biological Effects of Metals, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, P.O. Box 180, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Zdenko Lončarić
- Faculty of Agriculture, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Kralja Petra Svačića 1d, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
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20
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Liang R, Chen J, Shi Y, Lu Y, Sarvajayakesavalu S, Xu X, Zheng X, Khan K, Su C. Toxicological effects on earthworms (Eisenia fetida) exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of BDE-47 and BDE-209 from a metabolic point. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 240:653-660. [PMID: 29775942 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.04.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Earthworms improve the soil fertility and they are also sensitive to soil contaminants. Earthworms (Eisenia fetida), standard reference species, were usually chosen to culture and handle for toxicity tests. Metabolic responses in earthworms exposed to 2, 2', 4, 4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) and decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) were inhibitory and interfered with basal metabolism. In this study, 1H-NMR based metabolomics was used to identify sensitive biomarkers and explore metabolic responses of earthworms under sub-lethal BDE-47 and BDE-209 concentrations for 14 days. The results revealed that lactate was accumulated in earthworms exposed to BDE-47 and BDE-209. Glutamate increased significantly when the concentration of BDE-47 and BDE-209 reached 10 mg/kg. The BDE-47 exposure above 50 mg/kg concentration decreased the content of fumarate significantly, which was noticed different from that of BDE-209. Whereas, the BDE-207 or BDE-209 exposure increased the protein degradation into amino acids in vivo. The increased betaine content indicated that earthworms may maintain the cell osmotic pressure and protected enzyme activity by metabolic regulation. Moreover, the BDE-47 and BDE-209 exposure at 10 mg/kg changed most of the metabolites significantly, indicating that the metabolic responses were more sensitive than growth inhibition and gene expression. The metabolomics results revealed the toxic modes of BDE-47 and BDE-209 act on the osmoregulation, energy metabolism, nerve activities, tricarboxylic acid cycle and amino acids metabolism. Furthermore, our results highlighted that the 1H-NMR based metabolomics is a strong tool for identifying sensitive biomarkers and eco-toxicological assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Juan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yajuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Yonglong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Suriyanarayanan Sarvajayakesavalu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Salem 636308, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Xiangbo Xu
- School of Environment & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100059, China
| | - Xiaoqi Zheng
- School of Environment & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100059, China
| | - Kifayatullah Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; Department of Environmental and Conservation Sciences, University of Swat, Swat 19130, Pakistan
| | - Chao Su
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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21
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Duan W, Meng F, Cui H, Lin Y, Wang G, Wu J. Ecotoxicity of phenol and cresols to aquatic organisms: A review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 157:441-456. [PMID: 29655160 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.03.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
With the development of industrial production and continuous demand for chemicals, a large volume of wastewater containing phenols was discharged into the aquatic environment. Moreover, chemical leakage further increased the emission of phenols into aquatic systems. Phenol and its methylated derivative (cresols) were selected due to their extensive use in industry and ecotoxicity to freshwater and marine organisms. This review focused on the ecotoxicity of phenol and m-, o-, and p-cresol on aquatic systems. The mechanism of action of phenols was also discussed. The aim of this literature review was to summarise the knowledge of the behaviour, and toxicity on marine and freshwater organisms, of phenols as well as to try to select a series of sensitive biomarkers suitable for ecotoxicological assessment and environmental monitoring in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyan Duan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Fanping Meng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, Shandong Province, PR China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Shandong Province, PR China.
| | - Hongwu Cui
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Yufei Lin
- National Marine Hazard Mitigation Service, State Oceanic Administration of China, Beijing, PR China
| | - Guoshan Wang
- National Marine Hazard Mitigation Service, State Oceanic Administration of China, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jiangyue Wu
- National Marine Hazard Mitigation Service, State Oceanic Administration of China, Beijing, PR China
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Lyu H, Zhao H, Tang J, Gong Y, Huang Y, Wu Q, Gao B. Immobilization of hexavalent chromium in contaminated soils using biochar supported nanoscale iron sulfide composite. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 194:360-369. [PMID: 29223115 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.11.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Biochar supported carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-stabilized nanoscale iron sulfide (FeS) composite (CMC-FeS@biochar) was prepared and tested for immobilization of hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) in soil. Results of UV-vis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that the backbone of biochar suppressed the aggregation of FeS, resulting in smaller particle size and more sorption sites than bare FeS. The composite at a dosage of 2.5 mg per gram soil displayed an enhanced Cr(VI) immobilization efficiency (a 94.7% reduction in the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) based leachability and a 95.6% reduction in the CaCl2 extraction) compared to plain biochar and bare FeS. Sequential extraction procedure (SEP) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis suggested that CMC-FeS@biochar promoted the conversion of more accessible Cr (exchangeable and carbonate-bound fractions) into the less accessible forms (iron-manganese oxides-bound, organic material-bound, and residual fractions) to reduce the toxicity of Cr(VI) and that surface sorption and reduction were dominant mechanisms for Cr(VI) immobilization. CMC-FeS@biochar greatly reduced the bioavailability of Cr(VI) to wheat and earthworms (Eisenia fetida). Moreover, the application of CMC-FeS@biochar enhanced soil organic matter content and microbial activity. This work highlighted the potential of CMC-FeS@biochar composite as a low-cost, "green", and effective amendment for immobilizing Cr(VI) in contaminated soils and improving soil properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - Hang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jingchun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Yanyan Gong
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Yao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Qihang Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Quality Safety and Protection in Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
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Duan W, Meng F, Wang F, Liu Q. Environmental behavior and eco-toxicity of xylene in aquatic environments: A review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 145:324-332. [PMID: 28756253 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
With the demand for chemicals and fuels increasing continuously, the occurrence of accidental leakage poses great risks to the aquatic environment. Xylene, a hazardous and noxious substance, has been major concerns with regard to heterogeneity and eco-toxicity towards aquatic organisms. This review focused on the ecotoxicological hazards of m-, o-, and p-xylene, as well as mixed xylene, on aquatic organisms. The mechanism of action of xylenes was also demonstrated in details. The purpose of this review was to further understand transfer and diffusion of toxicity on marine and freshwater organisms of xylene in the aquatic environment. Another aim was to screen sensitive biomarkers which were suitable for ecotoxicological assessment and monitoring in an aquatic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyan Duan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Fanping Meng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, Shandong Province, PR China.
| | - Feifei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Qunqun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, Shandong Province, PR China
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24
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Zheng S, Zhou Q. Intoxication and biochemical responses of freshwater snail Bellamya aeruginosa to ethylbenzene. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:189-198. [PMID: 27709428 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7716-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
No acute toxic data of ethylbenzene on gastropod is available in literature. In the present study, the acute toxicity of ethylbenzene was assessed on a freshwater snail Bellamya aeruginosa, which was exposed to ethylbenzene concentration from 1 to 100 mg/L for 96 h. No mortality occurred, but a manifestation of intoxication (distress syndrome) was observed in part of exposed snails, and meanwhile, another part was moved normally. The distress syndrome showed clear dose- and time-dependent effects, and the 96-h EC50 value for distress syndrome was 13.3 mg/L in snail. The biochemical responses induced by ethylbenzene to the snail, including acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the whole body and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferases (GST), and reduced glutathione (GSH) in the hepatopancreas, were evaluated both for distressed snail and moved snail. The AChE activity of distressed snail was all inhibited more than 45 %, and the inhibition of AChE activity in the moved snail was all less than 30 % and more than 20 %, demonstrating that ethylbenzene exerted nervous toxicity to both distressed snail and moved snail. Meanwhile, the difference for AChE activity between the two different response snails was significant. Among the antioxidant biomarkers (SOD, CAT, GST, and GSH), only GST displayed significant difference between the distressed snail and moved snail. However, the activities of enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GST) in the moved snail were greater than those in the distressed snail, no matter significantly or insignificantly, which indicated that the ability of antioxidant defense in the distressed snail was weaker than that in the moved snail. The findings here reported manifest that ethylbenzene exerted nervous toxicity to snail, and the snail with intoxication response (distress syndrome) presented larger inhibition on AChE activity and weaker antioxidant ability in comparison with the moved snail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimei Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Weifang University, Weifang, 261061, China
| | - Qixing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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25
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Khaled I, Ferjani H, Sirotkin AV, Alwasel S, Harrath AH. Impact of oil-related environmental pollutants on the ovary structure in the freshwater leech Erpobdella johanssoni (Johansson, 1927) (Clitellata: Hirudinea). THE EUROPEAN ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2017.1329360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- I. Khaled
- Faculty of Science of Tunis, UR11ES12 Biologie de la, Reproduction et du Développement Animal, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunisia
| | - H. Ferjani
- Laboratory of Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Dental Medicine Faculty, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - A. V. Sirotkin
- Department Zoology and Anthropology, Constantine the Philosopher University, Slovakia
| | - S. Alwasel
- Department of Zoology college of Sciences, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - A. H. Harrath
- Department of Zoology college of Sciences, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
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26
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Nusair SD, Abu Zarour YS. Molecular and cellular response of earthworm Eisenia andrei (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) to PCDD/Fs exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:902-910. [PMID: 27761860 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7893-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The acute toxicity of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) was investigated in the earthworm Eisenia andrei using filter paper toxicity test. Protein content, catalase (CAT) activity, and histology of intestinal wall (chloragogen cells and intestinal epithelium) were investigated in earthworms exposed for 48 h to 0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 ng/cm2 PCDD/Fs. The results showed an increase in the total protein content 1.56- (p = 0.104), 1.66- (p = 0.042), and 2.26-fold (p < 0.001), respectively, compared to control. The average ± standard deviation of tissular CAT activity showed no significant differences; it was 36.01 ± 7.65, 36.17 ± 9.45, 36.08 ± 9.80, and 40.01 ± 6.98 U/g tissue, respectively. However, the average specific activity of CAT ± standard deviation was significantly decreased (p < 0.001) at all doses compared to control; it was 2.93 ± 0.42, 1.93 ± 0.53, 1.80 ± 0.38, and 1.53 ± 0.44 U/mg protein, respectively. There was a progressive damage in both of the intestinal villi and the chloragogenous tissue associated with the incrementing doses. Since the toxic mixture altered the investigated biomarkers of E. andrei within 48 h, the cellular and molecular alterations resulted from the filter paper contact test could be utilized as a rapid toxicity assessment tool of environmental contamination with dioxins/furans and to assess consequent potential adverse effects on soil biota and other organisms in the ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreen Deeb Nusair
- Department of Applied Biology/Toxicology Unit, Faculty of Science and Art, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
| | - Yousef Sa'id Abu Zarour
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
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27
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Xu T, Xu P, Zheng D, Yu H, Li X. Metal–Organic Frameworks for Resonant-Gravimetric Detection of Trace-Level Xylene Molecules. Anal Chem 2016; 88:12234-12240. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- School
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Pengcheng Xu
- State
Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem
and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning
Road, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Dan Zheng
- School
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Haitao Yu
- State
Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem
and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning
Road, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- State
Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem
and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning
Road, Shanghai 200050, China
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Grešner P, Świercz R, Król MB, Twardowska E, Gromadzińska J, Wąsowicz W. Does the Low-level occupational exposure to volatile organic compounds alter the seasonal variation of selected markers of oxidative stress? A case-control study in nail technicians. J Occup Med Toxicol 2016; 11:36. [PMID: 27453719 PMCID: PMC4957283 DOI: 10.1186/s12995-016-0125-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In this study we tested whether the seasonal variations in levels of selected biomarkers of oxidative stress in female nail technicians occupationally exposed to low levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) differ significantly from those observed among healthy unexposed controls. Airborne levels of selected VOCs in nail salons were also analyzed and tested for associations with seasonal variations of the levels of biomarkers among nail technicians. Methods The study enrolled 145 female nail technicians and 145 healthy unexposed female controls. The airborne VOCs and levels of biomarkers were assessed by GC-MS chromatography and absorption/fluorescence spectrophotometry, respectively. Results Plasma levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive species, ceruloplasmin, the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx1) and the SOD1/GPx1 activity ratio presented significant differences between the so-called “hot” and “cold” seasons in the case of nail technicians as well as in unexposed controls (p < <0.0001 for all four biomarkers). The pattern of these variations among nail technicians was found to be significantly different compared to that of the control subjects (p < <0.0001). Although such differences might intuitively be attributed to occupational exposure of nail technicians to VOCs, which was found to be higher during the “cold” season compared to the “hot” one, our study provided only limited evidence in favor of the hypothesis, that the different pattern of seasonal variations of biomarkers among nail technicians might have resulted from seasonal fluctuations in their occupational exposure to VOCs. Conclusion Further investigation is thus needed in order to elucidate the effect of low-level occupational exposure to VOCs on seasonal variations of biomarkers of oxidative stress. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12995-016-0125-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Grešner
- Department of Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8, Sw. Teresy str., 91-348 Lodz, Poland
| | - Radosław Świercz
- Department of Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8, Sw. Teresy str., 91-348 Lodz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Beata Król
- Department of Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8, Sw. Teresy str., 91-348 Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewa Twardowska
- Department of Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8, Sw. Teresy str., 91-348 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jolanta Gromadzińska
- Department of Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8, Sw. Teresy str., 91-348 Lodz, Poland
| | - Wojciech Wąsowicz
- Department of Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8, Sw. Teresy str., 91-348 Lodz, Poland
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29
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Khaled I, Ferjani H, Ben Ahmed R, Harrath AH. Effects of oil-related environmental pollutants on gonads of the freshwater leech Limnatis nilotica (Annelida, Hirudinea). INVERTEBR REPROD DEV 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/07924259.2016.1208118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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30
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Panzarino O, Hyršl P, Dobeš P, Vojtek L, Vernile P, Bari G, Terzano R, Spagnuolo M, de Lillo E. Rank-based biomarker index to assess cadmium ecotoxicity on the earthworm Eisenia andrei. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 145:480-486. [PMID: 26694799 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.11.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A proper soil risk assessment needs to estimate the processes that affect the fate and the behaviour of a contaminant, which are influenced by soil biotic and abiotic components. For this reason, the measurement of biomarkers in soil bioindicator organisms, such as earthworms, has recently received increasing attention. In this study, the earthworm Eisenia andrei was used to assess the pollutant-induced stress syndrome after exposure to sublethal concentrations of Cd (10 or 100 μg g(-1)) in OECD soil, after 14 d of exposure. Cadmium bioaccumulation and potential biomarkers such as catalase (CAT), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), malondialdehyde (MDA), phenoloxidase (PO), metallothioneins (MTs) and genotoxic damage were determined. Results suggested that the exposure to 10 and 100 μg g(-1) Cd significantly increased Cd bioaccumulation, MTs and MDA; 100 μg g(-1) Cd contamination evidenced significantly higher values of H2O2 content and PO activity; CAT activity was inhibited at the higher concentration while GST and Comet assay did not show any significant differences from the control. Rank-based biomarker index showed that both different contaminated soils had an effect on the earthworms and allowed to validate the ecotoxicological relevance of this battery of biomarkers for a promising integrated multi-marker approach in soil monitoring and assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Panzarino
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
| | - P Hyršl
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - P Dobeš
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - L Vojtek
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - P Vernile
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - G Bari
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - R Terzano
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - M Spagnuolo
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - E de Lillo
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
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de Lapuente J, Lourenço J, Mendo SA, Borràs M, Martins MG, Costa PM, Pacheco M. The Comet Assay and its applications in the field of ecotoxicology: a mature tool that continues to expand its perspectives. Front Genet 2015; 6:180. [PMID: 26089833 PMCID: PMC4454841 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2015.00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Since Singh and colleagues, in 1988, launched to the scientific community the alkaline Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis (SCGE) protocol, or Comet Assay, its uses and applications has been increasing. The thematic areas of its current employment in the evaluation of genetic toxicity are vast, either in vitro or in vivo, both in the laboratory and in the environment, terrestrial or aquatic. It has been applied to a wide range of experimental models: bacteria, fungi, cells culture, arthropods, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, mammals, and humans. This document is intended to be a comprehensive review of what has been published to date on the field of ecotoxicology, aiming at the following main aspects: (i) to show the most relevant experimental models used as bioindicators both in the laboratory and in the field. Fishes are clearly the most adopted group, reflecting their popularity as bioindicator models, as well as a primary concern over the aquatic environment health. Amphibians are among the most sensitive organisms to environmental changes, mainly due to an early aquatic-dependent development stage and a highly permeable skin. Moreover, in the terrestrial approach, earthworms, plants or mammalians are excellent organisms to be used as experimental models for genotoxic evaluation of pollutants, complex mix of pollutants and chemicals, in both laboratory and natural environment. (ii) To review the development and modifications of the protocols used and the cell types (or tissues) used. The most recent developments concern the adoption of the enzyme linked assay (digestion with lesion-specific repair endonucleases) and prediction of the ability to repair of oxidative DNA damage, which is becoming a widespread approach, albeit challenging. For practical/technical reasons, blood is the most common choice but tissues/cells like gills, sperm cells, early larval stages, coelomocytes, liver or kidney have been also used. (iii) To highlight correlations with other biomarkers. (iv) To build a constructive criticism and summarize the needs for protocol improvements for future test applications within the field of ecotoxicology. The Comet Assay is still developing and its potential is yet underexploited in experimental models, mesocosmos or natural ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín de Lapuente
- Unit of Experimental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology (UTOX-CERETOX), Barcelona Science ParkBarcelona, Spain
| | - Joana Lourenço
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago. Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sónia A. Mendo
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago. Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Miquel Borràs
- Unit of Experimental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology (UTOX-CERETOX), Barcelona Science ParkBarcelona, Spain
| | - Marta G. Martins
- Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de LisboaCaparica, Portugal
| | - Pedro M. Costa
- Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de LisboaCaparica, Portugal
| | - Mário Pacheco
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago. Aveiro, Portugal
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Bernard F, Brulle F, Dumez S, Lemiere S, Platel A, Nesslany F, Cuny D, Deram A, Vandenbulcke F. Antioxidant responses of Annelids, Brassicaceae and Fabaceae to pollutants: a review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 114:273-303. [PMID: 24951273 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Pollutants, such as Metal Trace Elements (MTEs) and organic compounds (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, pesticides), can impact DNA structure of living organisms and thus generate damage. For instance, cadmium is a well-known genotoxic and mechanisms explaining its clastogenicity are mainly indirect: inhibition of DNA repair mechanisms and/or induction of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Animal or vegetal cells use antioxidant defense systems to protect themselves against ROS produced during oxidative stress. Because tolerance of organisms depends, at least partially, on their ability to cope with ROS, the mechanisms of production and management of ROS were investigated a lot in Ecotoxicology as markers of biotic and abiotic stress. This was mainly done through the measurement of enzyme activities The present Review focuses on 3 test species living in close contact with soil that are often used in soil ecotoxicology: the worm Eisenia fetida, and two plant species, Trifolium repens (white clover) and Brassica oleracea (cabbage). E. fetida is a soil-dwelling organism commonly used for biomonitoring. T. repens is a symbiotic plant species which forms root nodule with soil bacteria, while B. oleracea is a non-symbiotic plant. In literature, some oxidative stress enzyme activities have already been measured in those species but such analyses do not allow distinction between individual enzyme involvements in oxidative stress. Gene expression studies would allow this distinction at the transcriptomic level. A literature review and a data search in molecular database were carried out on the basis of keywords in Scopus, in PubMed and in Genbank™ for each species. Molecular data regarding E. fetida were already available in databases, but a lack of data regarding oxidative stress related genes was observed for T. repens and B. oleracea. By exploiting the conservation observed between species and using molecular biology techniques, we partially cloned missing candidates involved in oxidative stress and in metal detoxification in E. fetida, T. repens and B. oleracea.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bernard
- Université Lille Nord de France, F-59000 Lille, France; Laboratoire de Génie Civil et géo-Environnement EA4515 - Université Lille Nord de France - Lille 1, Ecologie Numérique et Ecotoxicologie, F-59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France; Laboratoire des Sciences Végétales et Fongiques - Université de Lille 2, EA4483, F-59006 Lille Cedex, France
| | - F Brulle
- Université Lille Nord de France, F-59000 Lille, France; Laboratoire des Sciences Végétales et Fongiques - Université de Lille 2, EA4483, F-59006 Lille Cedex, France
| | - S Dumez
- Université Lille Nord de France, F-59000 Lille, France; Laboratoire des Sciences Végétales et Fongiques - Université de Lille 2, EA4483, F-59006 Lille Cedex, France
| | - S Lemiere
- Université Lille Nord de France, F-59000 Lille, France; Laboratoire de Génie Civil et géo-Environnement EA4515 - Université Lille Nord de France - Lille 1, Ecologie Numérique et Ecotoxicologie, F-59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - A Platel
- Université Lille Nord de France, F-59000 Lille, France; Laboratoire de Toxicologie - Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA 4483, F-59800 Lille, France
| | - F Nesslany
- Université Lille Nord de France, F-59000 Lille, France; Laboratoire de Toxicologie - Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA 4483, F-59800 Lille, France
| | - D Cuny
- Université Lille Nord de France, F-59000 Lille, France; Laboratoire des Sciences Végétales et Fongiques - Université de Lille 2, EA4483, F-59006 Lille Cedex, France
| | - A Deram
- Université Lille Nord de France, F-59000 Lille, France; Laboratoire des Sciences Végétales et Fongiques - Université de Lille 2, EA4483, F-59006 Lille Cedex, France; Faculté de Management de la Santé (ILIS) - Université de Lille 2, EA4483, F-59120 Loos, France
| | - F Vandenbulcke
- Université Lille Nord de France, F-59000 Lille, France; Laboratoire de Génie Civil et géo-Environnement EA4515 - Université Lille Nord de France - Lille 1, Ecologie Numérique et Ecotoxicologie, F-59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
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Hu X, Zhou M, Zhou Q. Ambient water and visible-light irradiation drive changes in graphene morphology, structure, surface chemistry, aggregation, and toxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:3410-3418. [PMID: 25686198 DOI: 10.1021/es503003y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The environmental behaviors and risks associated with graphene have attracted considerable attention. However, the fundamental effects of ambient water and visible-light irradiation on the properties and toxicity of graphene remain unknown. This work revealed that hydration and irradiation result in the transformation of large-sheet graphene to long-ribbon graphene. The thickness of the treated graphene decreased, and oxides were formed through the generation of singlet oxygen. In addition, hydration and irradiation resulted in greater disorder in the graphene structure and in the expansion of the d-spacing of the structure due to the introduction of water molecules and modifications of the functional groups. Oxidative modifications with two-stage (fast and low) kinetics enhanced the number of negative surface charges on the graphene and enhanced graphene aggregation. The above property alterations reduced the nanotoxicity of graphene to algal cells by reducing the generation of reactive oxygen species, diminishing protein carbonylation and decreasing tail DNA. A comparative study using graphene oxide suggested that oxidative modifications could play an important role in inhibiting toxicological activity. This study provides a preliminary approach for understanding the environmental behaviors of graphene and avoids overestimating the risks of graphene in the natural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qixing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Liu K, Chen L, Zhang W, Lin K, Zhao L. EPR detection of hydroxyl radical generation and oxidative perturbations in lead-exposed earthworms (Eisenia fetida) in the presence of decabromodiphenyl ether. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2015; 24:301-308. [PMID: 25373545 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-014-1378-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) and decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE209) are the main contaminants at e-waste recycling sites, and their potential toxicological effects on terrestrial organisms have received extensive attention. However, the impacts on the oxidative perturbations and hydroxyl radical (·OH) generation in earthworms of exposure to the two chemicals remain almost unknown. Therefore, indoor incubation tests were performed on control and contaminated soil samples to determine the effects of Pb in earthworms Eisenia fetida in the presence of BDE209 through the use of several biomarkers in microcosms. The results have demonstrated that the addition of BDE209 (1 or 10 mg kg(-1)) decreased the enzymatic activities [superoxide dismutase, catalase (CAT), peroxidase] and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) compared with exposure to BDE209 alone (50, 250 or 500 mg kg(-1)). Electron paramagnetic resonance spectra indicated that ·OH radicals in earthworms were significantly induced by Pb in the presence of BDE209. The changing pattern of malondialdehyde (MDA) contents was accordant with that of ·OH intensity suggested that reactive oxygen species might lead to cellular lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, CAT exhibited more sensitive response to single Pb exposure than the other biomarkers, while T-AOC, ·OH and MDA might be three most sensitive biomarkers in earthworms after simultaneous exposure to Pb and BDE209. The results of these observations suggested that oxidative stress appeared in E. fetida, and it may play an important role in inducing the Pb and BDE209 toxicity to earthworms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kou Liu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, Shanghai, 200237, China
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Ge W, Yan S, Wang J, Zhu L, Chen A, Wang J. Oxidative stress and DNA damage induced by imidacloprid in zebrafish (Danio rerio). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:1856-62. [PMID: 25607931 DOI: 10.1021/jf504895h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Imidacloprid is a neonicotinoid insecticide that can have negative effects on nontarget animals. The present study was conducted to assess the toxicity of various imidacloprid doses (0.3, 1.25, and 5 mg/mL) on zebrafish sampled after 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of exposure. The levels of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and the extent of DNA damage were measured to evaluate the toxicity of imidacloprid on zebrafish. SOD and GST activities were noticeably increased during early exposure but were inhibited toward the end of the exposure period. In addition, the CAT levels decreased to the control level following their elevation during early exposure. High concentrations of imidacloprid (1.25 and 5 mg/L) induced excessive ROS production and markedly increased MDA content on the 21st day of exposure. DNA damage was dose- and time-dependent. In conclusion, the present study showed that imidacloprid can induce oxidative stress and DNA damage in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Ge
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agriculture University , Taian, 271018, People's Republic of China
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Leomanni A, Schettino T, Calisi A, Gorbi S, Mezzelani M, Regoli F, Lionetto MG. Antioxidant and oxidative stress related responses in the Mediterranean land snail Cantareus apertus exposed to the carbamate pesticide Carbaryl. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2015; 168:20-7. [PMID: 25451076 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to study the alterations of the antioxidant defenses and the overall susceptibility to oxidative stress of the terrestrial snail Cantareus apertus exposed to the carbamate pesticide Carbaryl at a low environmentally realistic concentration. The animals were exposed to Lactuca sativa soaked for 1h in 1μM Carbaryl. The temporal dynamics of the responses was assessed by measurements at 3, 7 and 14days of exposure. C. apertus exposed to Carbaryl activates a number of enzymatic antioxidant responses, represented by the early induction of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, followed by a delayed induction of superoxide dismutase. Concomitantly, a derangement of the total oxyradical scavenging of the tissues was observed, suggesting an overall impairment of the tissue capability to neutralize ROS probably resulting from the overall negative balance between enzymatic antioxidant defense capability and oxidative stress intensity. This negative balance exposed the animals to the risk of oxidative stress damages including genotoxic damage. Compared to acetylcholinesterase inhibition, the antioxidant responses developed to Carbaryl exposure at the low concentration utilized showed a greater percentage variation in exposed organisms. The results pointed out the high sensitivity of the antioxidant and oxidative stress related responses to Carbaryl exposure at an environmental realistic concentration, demonstrating their usefulness in environmental monitoring and risk assessment. The study highlights also the usefulness of the terrestrial snail C. apertus as potential bioindicator species for assessing the risk of pesticide environmental contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Leomanni
- Dip.to di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (DiSTeBA), Università del Salento, Via prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - T Schettino
- Dip.to di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (DiSTeBA), Università del Salento, Via prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - A Calisi
- Dip.to di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (DiSTeBA), Università del Salento, Via prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - S Gorbi
- Dip.to di Genetica Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Ranieri 65, Montedago, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - M Mezzelani
- Dip.to di Genetica Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Ranieri 65, Montedago, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - F Regoli
- Dip.to di Genetica Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Ranieri 65, Montedago, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - M G Lionetto
- Dip.to di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (DiSTeBA), Università del Salento, Via prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
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Zhao X, Zhou P, Chen X, Li X, Ding L. Perchlorate-induced oxidative stress in isolated liver mitochondria. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2014; 23:1846-1853. [PMID: 25139032 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-014-1312-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
As a new threat to environment all through the world, perchlorate (ClO4(-)) was predominantly a thyrotoxin, and its toxic manifestations in non-thyroid were also documented. To date, little is known about the effect of ClO4(-) on cell and organelle. To reveal the toxicity of ClO4(-) on living organism in-depth, mitochondria isolated from liver of Carassius auratus were incubated with different concentrations of ClO4(-). The results demonstrated that ClO4(-)-induced mitochondrial oxidative stress, and subsequently caused a gradual opening of permeability transition pore leading to mitochondrial swelling and lipid peroxidative membrane damage. ClO4(-) has a conspicuous inhibition of electron transport chain activity which largely correlated to complexes I and IV. The investigations clearly demonstrated the oxidative stress of ClO4(-) in mitochondria, may well reveal cytotoxic effects in vitro that merit further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohu Zhao
- Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China,
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Lin D, Li Y, Zhou Q, Xu Y, Wang D. Effect of triclosan on reproduction, DNA damage and heat shock protein gene expression of the earthworm Eisenia fetida. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2014; 23:1826-1832. [PMID: 25134678 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-014-1320-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS) is released into the terrestrial environment via the application of sewage sludge and reclaimed water to agricultural land. More attention has been paid to its effect on non-target soil organisms. In the present study, chronic toxic effects of TCS on earthworms at a wide range of concentrations were investigated. The reproduction, DNA damage, and expression levels of heat shock protein (Hsp70) gene of earthworms were studied as toxicity endpoints. The results showed that the reproduction of earthworms were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) after exposure to the concentrations ranges from 50 to 300 mg kg(-1), with a half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) of 142.11 mg kg(-1). DNA damage, detected by the comet assay, was observed and there was a clear significant (R(2) = 0.941) relationship between TCS concentrations and DNA damage, with the EC50 value of 8.85 mg kg(-1). The expression levels of Hsp70 gene of earthworms were found to be up-regulated under the experimental conditions. The expression level of hsp70 gene increased, up to about 2.28 folds that in the control at 50 mg kg(-1). The EC50 value based on the Hsp70 biomarker was 1.79 mg kg(-1). Thus, among the three toxicity endpoints, the Hsp70 gene was more sensitive to TCS in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasong Lin
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-environmental Quality, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Agro-environmental Protection, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin, 300191, China
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Zhang Q, Zhang B, Wang C. Ecotoxicological effects on the earthworm Eisenia fetida following exposure to soil contaminated with imidacloprid. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:12345-12353. [PMID: 24938817 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3178-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Imidacloprid, a neonicotinoid insecticide, has been used widely in agriculture worldwide. The adverse effects of imidacloprid on exposed biota have brought it increasing attention. However, knowledge about the effects of imidacloprid on antioxidant defense systems and digestive systems in the earthworm is vague and not comprehensive. In the present study, the changes in the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), cellulase, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the earthworm Eisenia fetida exposed to artificial soil treated with imidacloprid were examined systematically. The results showed that the activity of these biomarkers was closely related to the dose and duration of the exposure to imidacloprid. The activity of SOD was stimulated significantly at doses of 0.66 and 2 mg kg(-1) imidacloprid but markedly inhibited at a dose of 4 mg kg(-1) imidacloprid with prolonged exposure. The activities of CAT and POD increased irregularly at 0.2-4 mg kg(-1) imidacloprid over different exposure times. The level of ROS at a dose of 2 or 4 mg kg(-1) imidacloprid was significantly increased over the entire exposure period. When the concentration of imidacloprid was above 0.66 mg kg(-1), the balance of the activity of the antioxidant enzymes and ROS level was interrupted. The activity of cellulase decreased significantly with prolonged exposure. At the stress of 4 mg kg(-1) imidacloprid, the content of MDA was significantly increased with increasing exposure time. The results of the present study suggest that imidacloprid has a potentially harmful effect on E. fetida and may be helpful for assessment of the risk of imidacloprid to the soil ecosystem environment. However, to obtain more comprehensive toxicity data, it is necessary to investigate the effects of imidacloprid on earthworm using native soils in the future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingming Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
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Han Y, Zhu L, Wang J, Wang J, Xie H, Zhang S. Integrated assessment of oxidative stress and DNA damage in earthworms (Eisenia fetida) exposed to azoxystrobin. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2014; 107:214-9. [PMID: 25011117 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Azoxystrobin has been widely used in recent years. The present study investigated the oxidative stress and DNA damage effects of azoxystrobin on earthworms (Eisenia fetida). Earthworms were exposed to different azoxystrobin concentrations in an artificial soil (0, 0.1, 1, and 10mg/kg) and sampled on days 7, 14, 21, and 28. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (POD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were measured by an ultraviolet spectrophotometer to determine the antioxidant responses and lipid peroxidation. Single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) was used to detect DNA damage in the coelomocytes. Compared with these in the controls, earthworms exposed to azoxystrobin had excess ROS accumulation and greater SOD, POD, and GST activity while the opposite trend occurred for CAT activity. MDA content increased after 14-day exposure, and DNA damage was enhanced with an increase in the concentration of azoxystrobin. In conclusion, azoxystrobin caused oxidative stress leading to lipid peroxidation and DNA damage in earthworms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingnan Han
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agriculture University, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, PR China.
| | - Lusheng Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agriculture University, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, PR China.
| | - Jinhua Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agriculture University, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, PR China.
| | - Jun Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agriculture University, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, PR China.
| | - Hui Xie
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agriculture University, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, PR China.
| | - Shumin Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agriculture University, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, PR China.
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Neuparth T, Capela R, Pereira SPP, Moreira SM, Santos MM, Reis-Henriques MA. Toxicity effects of hazardous and noxious substances (HNS) to marine organisms: acute and chronic toxicity of p-xylene to the amphipod Gammarus locusta. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2014; 77:1210-1221. [PMID: 25208661 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2014.921867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Despite the recent focus on hazardous and noxious substances (HNS) spills preparedness and responses, much remains to be done regarding the threat posed by HNS spills on marine biota. Among the identified priority HNS, p-xylene was selected to conduct ecotoxicological assays. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of the amphipod Gammarus locusta under acute and chronic exposure to p-xylene simulating conditions of a spill incident. In the acute exposure (96 h) the p-xylene LC50 was estimated. In the chronic bioassay (36 d), an integration of organism-level endpoints (survival, growth rate, and sex ratio) with biochemical markers indicative of oxidative stress including catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels was determined. The aim was to increase the xylene ecotoxicological database and better predict its impact in aquatic environments. p-Xylene induced several chronic toxicity effects in G. locusta. Significant alterations in antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation levels as well as growth rate and biased sex-ratio were observed. p-Xylene significantly affected the activities of CAT, SOD, and GST in G. locusta and produced oxidative damage by increasing levels of LPO in males. Further, impacts in key ecological endpoints, that is, growth and sex ratio, were noted that might be indicative of potential effects at the population level in a spill scenario. The present data may be useful to assist relevant bodies in preparedness and response to HNS spills.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Neuparth
- a CIMAR/CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research , University of Porto , Porto , Portugal
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DNA Damage and Effects on Antioxidative Enzymes in Earthworm (Eisenia fetida) Induced by Flumorph. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 172:2276-85. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0662-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Zheng S, Wang Y, Zhou Q, Chen C. Responses of oxidative stress biomarkers and DNA damage on a freshwater snail (Bellamya aeruginosa) stressed by ethylbenzene. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2013; 65:251-259. [PMID: 23568747 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-013-9899-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2012] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Ethylbenzene is classified as a priority pollutant; however, toxicity data, especially those regarding sublethal toxicity, are rarely reported on gastropods. The present work was performed to elucidate the sublethal effects of ethylbenzene using a freshwater snail, Bellamya aeruginosa (Reeve), exposed to ethylbenzene for 21 days followed by a 17-day recovery period. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST), reduced glutathione (GSH), and malonyldialdehyde (MDA) were used as biomarkers to evaluate oxidative stress in hepatopancreas of snails. In addition, alkaline comet assay was applied to determine the genotoxicity of ethylbenzene in hepatopancreas of snails. These biomarkers and DNA damage exhibited various responses to ethylbenzene in the tested snails. SOD and CAT activities were almost significantly stimulated during the exposure period. As exposure time was prolonged beyond 7 days, CAT activity gradually became significantly increased at higher doses of ethylbenzene. GSH concentration was positively and linearly related with exposure dose. MDA concentration was significantly greater than that in the control only under the lowest treatment after a 7-day exposure. Alkaline comet assay showed that ethylbenzene could significantly induce DNA damage in hepatopancreas of snails, and there was a good dose- and time-response in DNA damage, indicating potential genotoxicity of ethylbenzene on snails. At the end of the recovery period, the repair of DNA damage was not yet completed, showing that DNA repair requires more time. The findings from this study could indicate that SOD, GST, and GSH seem to be effective oxidative biomarkers for snails exposed to ethylbenzene in the short term. CAT proved to be a valuable discriminating biomarker in subchronic exposure to ethylbenzene, but MDA was not a suitable oxidative biomarker for exposure to ethylbenzene in either the short or long term. Alkaline comet assay was efficient tool with which to evaluate the potential genotoxicity of ethylbenzene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Zhang Q, Zhu L, Wang J, Xie H, Wang J, Han Y, Yang J. Oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in the earthworm Eisenia fetida induced by low doses of fomesafen. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 20:201-208. [PMID: 22585392 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-012-0962-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Formesafen is a diphenyl ether herbicide that has adverse effects on non-target animals. However, knowledge about the effect of fomesafen on the antioxidant defense system in earthworms is vague. Thus, it is essential to investigate the effects of fomesafen on the antioxidant defense system in earthworms as a precautionary method. In the present study, earthworms (Eisenia fetida) were exposed to artificial soil treated with a range of concentrations of fomesafen (0, 10, 100, and 500 μg kg(-1)) and were collected on the 3rd, 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th days of exposure. Subsequently, the antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase (SOD); catalase (CAT); and guaiacol peroxidase (POD)), reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content due to fomesafen treatment were examined in earthworms. Compared with the control, the SOD activity increased on the third and seventh days but decreased on the 14th day due to treatment with 100 and 500 μg kg(-1) of fomesafen. The activities of CAT and POD increased significantly on the third, seventh, and 14th days of exposure. In addition, the ROS level was significantly enhanced throughout the entire experimental period and showed a statistically dose-dependent relationship on the seventh and 14th days. The MDA content markedly increased on the seventh day of exposure; however, obvious changes were not detected at other exposure period. Low doses of fomesafen (≤ 500 μg kg(-1)) may result in oxidative damage and lipid peroxidation in E. fetida by inducing the generation of ROS at short exposure periods (14 days). However, the adverse effects of fomesafen gradually disappear as the cooperation of antioxidant enzymes and exposure time are prolonged. This result may be helpful for further studies on the toxicological mechanisms of fomesafen to earthworms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingming Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, China
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Zheng S, Zhou Q, Gao J, Xiong H, Chen C. Behavioral alteration and DNA damage of freshwater snail Bellamya aeruginosa stressed by ethylbenzene and its tissue residue. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2012; 81:43-48. [PMID: 22591725 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2012] [Revised: 04/08/2012] [Accepted: 04/14/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
To study the sublethal effects induced by ethylbenzene and the capability of a freshwater gastropod Bellamya aeruginosa to take up and depurate ethylbenzene, the snail was subjected to two treatments, a 23-day exposure period followed by a 17-day depuration period. Behavioral alteration, namely retraction response, was observed during the exposure period, and the proportion of retracted snails increased under each treatment as the exposure time prolonged but there was no linear relationship between the retracted proportion and the exposure dose. Such behavioral alteration was probably due to the disturbance of membrane permeability stressed by ethylbenzene. Ethylbenzene uptake in unretracted snails was greater than in retracted snails, while the depuration abilities in the two different responses of snails had no significant difference from each other. Because of the limited capability of snails to detoxify ethylbenzene, the depuration was mainly through a slow excretion process and therefore ethylbenzene was still present in the tissue of snail after 17-day depuration. DNA damage was induced significantly in snails exposed to ethylbenzene, and the levels of DNA damage showed positive time-response and dose-response relationships, and moreover the levels of DNA damage had no difference between the two different responses of snails. There was no linear relationship between the level of DNA damage and the amount of residual ethylbenzene in tissue, which may be related to the adaptation mechanism in snail. Overall, the results suggest that the snail has high capability to take up ethylbenzene and low ability to depurate it, and ethylbenzene has potential genotoxicity to snail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria-Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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