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Su H, Li J, Ye L, Su G. Establishment of compound database of emerging antioxidants and high-resolution mass spectrometry screening in lake sediment from Taihu Lake Basin, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:28341-28352. [PMID: 38532220 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32855-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Antioxidants are ubiquitous in various environmental samples, leading to increasing concern regarding their potential risk to environments or humans. However, there is dearth of information regarding the environmental fate of antioxidants and unknown/unexpected antioxidants in the environment. Here, we established a compound database (CDB) containing 320 current-used antioxidants by collecting the chemicals from EPA's functional use database and published documents. Physical-chemical characteristics of these antioxidants were estimated, and 19 ones were considered as persistent and bioaccumulative (P&B) substances. This CDB was further coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) technique, which was employed for suspect screening of antioxidants in extracts of sediments (n = 88) collected from Taihu Lake basin. We screened 119 HRMS features that can match 135 chemical formulas in the CDB, and 20 out of them exhibited the detection frequencies ≥ 90%. The total concentrations of suspect antioxidants in sediments ranged from 6.41 to 830 ng/g dw. Statistical analysis demonstrated that concentrations of suspect antioxidants in Taihu Lake were statistically significantly lower than those in Shihu and Jiulihu Lake, but greater than those from other small lakes. Collectively, this study provided a CDB that could be helpful for further monitoring studies of antioxidant in the environments, and also provided the first evidence regarding the ubiquity of antioxidants in aquatic environment of Taihu Lake basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Su
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Low Metamorphic Coal Clean Utilization, Yulin Engineering Research Center of Coal Chemical Wastewater, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yulin University, Yulin, 719000, China
| | - Jianhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Langjie Ye
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Guanyong Su
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
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Gao H, Chen J, Wang C, Wang P, Wang R, Feng B. Regulatory mechanisms of submerged macrophyte on bacterial community recovery in decabromodiphenyl ether contaminated sediment: Microbiological and metabolomic perspectives. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 337:122616. [PMID: 37757929 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ether contamination in sediments poses serious threats to human health and ecological safety. Despite the broad application of submerged macrophytes for remediating pollutants, their regulatory influence on bacterial communities in contaminated sediments remains unclear. Herein, we analyzed the effects of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) and Hydrilla verticillata on sediment bacterial community and function using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and sediment metabolomics. Results showed that BDE-209 significantly inhibited sediment bacterial diversity and metabolic functions. It also enhanced bacterial interactions and altered both the bacterial community and metabolite composition. Uridine and inosine were critical metabolites that positively co-occurred with bacterial taxa inhibited by BDE-209. Notably, planting H. verticillata effectively alleviated the adverse impacts of BDE-209 by reducing its residuals, increasing the total organic carbon, and modifying metabolic profiles. Such mitigation was evidenced by enhancing bacterial diversity, restoring metabolic functions, and attenuating bacterial interactions. However, mitigation effectiveness depended on treatment time. Additionally, propionic acid, palmitic acid, and palmitoleic acid may facilitate the restoration of phylum Proteobacteria and class Planctomycetacia in H. verticillata planted sediment. Together, these findings improve understanding of BDE-209's impacts on aquatic ecosystems and provide valuable insights for ecological restoration using submerged macrophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Gao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Department on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, PR China.
| | - Juan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Department on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, PR China.
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Department on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, PR China.
| | - Peifang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Department on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, PR China.
| | - Rong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Department on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, PR China.
| | - Bingbing Feng
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Department on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, PR China.
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3
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Zhao Y, Chen YP. Coming ecological risks of organochlorine pesticides and novel brominated flame retardants in the Yellow River Basin. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159296. [PMID: 36216067 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To conduct ecological risk assessment, food, water and soil samples were collected from five densely populated irrigation areas in the Yellow River Basin (YRB), and analyzed for organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs). The results showed that the OCP residues (∑14OCP were 0.748 ng L-1, 13.1 ng g-1 dw and 3.22 ng g-1 dw in water, soil and maize) were generally within moderate levels in the YRB. Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) residues dominated the OCPs, and potential ecological risks to aquatic and terrestrial organisms likely stemmed from dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) pollution in the upper reaches of the YRB in the Ningxia and Hetao Plain. The NBFR concentrations in the YRB were 90.9 pg L-1 in water, 21.1 pg g-1 dw in soil and 3.81 pg g-1 dw in maize. Positive correlations were observed between soil and maize contamination in the five irrigated districts, indicating a potential threat to grain security and human health risks caused by OCPs and NBFRs. Pollutants detected in soil and maize primarily originated from historical use (36.3 %), while the sources in water were more complex (64.4 %) and new inputs could not be excluded. Integrated health risks of human exposure to agricultural products and water from the YRB were acceptable. However, the ecological risk of the Ningxia Plain would further deteriorate to the medium risk after 2032. The increasing ecological risk of DDT in water indicates that regular monitoring should strengthen to ensure grain and water safety in the YRB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, CAS, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yi-Ping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, CAS, Xi'an 710061, China.
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Alshemmari H. Past, present and future trends of selected pesticidal and industrial POPs in Kuwait. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:3191-3214. [PMID: 34661833 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01113-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Given the background of current global initiatives for controlling persistent organic pollutants (POPs), an overview of the scientific knowledge about the POPs issues in Kuwait is presented in this study. Both acute and chronic exposure to POPs can be associated with a wide range of deleterious health effects, including illness and death. POPs have drawn significant political and scientific interest in their fate and actions, particularly where local releases have resulted in dispersed contamination far from the source regions. These concerns inevitably led to the establishment of the Stockholm Convention (SC) on POPs. In recent years, Kuwait has carried out a wide variety of environmental research, in particular, on the monitoring of POPs in different matrices. The technological development facilitated to achieve the opposite monitoring of pesticidal and industrial POPs. The majority of these POPs are from a point source. Kuwait does not have pesticide manufacturing facilities and has not produced pesticides for POPs in the past. In the agriculture sector, Kuwait primarily imports pesticides for pest and disease control. This review encompasses the historical presence and current status of (pesticidal) organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and (industrial POPs) PCBs and PBDEs in Kuwait based on the export, import, consumption and usage. This research also contrasts pesticide and industrial POP data from various Kuwaiti environmental matrices with data from other parts of Asia, the EU, the USA and Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Alshemmari
- Environmental and Climate Program, Environment & Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box: 24885, Safat, 13109, State of Kuwait.
- Stockholm Convention Regional Center for Capacity-Building and the Transfer of Technology for West Asia (SCRC-Kuwait), Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box: 24885, Safat, 13109, State of Kuwait.
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5
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Chen G, Deng X, Wang J. Pollution level, spatial distribution, and congener fractionation characteristics of low-brominated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in sediments around Chaohu Lake, China. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:631. [PMID: 35920914 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10246-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As new persistent organic compounds, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have aroused important concern because of their potential bioaccumulation and possible ecological and health risk. To examine the sources and temporal variation of PBDEs in Chaohu Lake in eastern China, the surface sediments from Nanfei River (NFR) and core sediments from four estuaries were measured. It showed that low-brominated congeners were dominant, from MonoBDEs to HeptaBDEs (referred to as Σ39PBDE). Concentrations of ∑39PBDE and the ratios of (BDE-47 + BDE-99 + BDE-100)/(BDE-153 + BDE-154) were much greater in surface sediments than in core sediments. The highest concentration was observed in a site close to the outfall of a municipal sewage treatment plant (MSTP), and the ratio was significantly correlated with ∑39PBDE. These results suggested that PentaBDE and OctaBDE commercial mixtures were widely used around Chaohu Lake and the effluent of municipal sewage was a dominant source of PBDEs to surface sediment. Compared to data from other freshwater systems around the world, the concentrations of BDE-47 and BDE-99 in this study were in the middle of the range of global data, but BDE-183 concentrations were at the high end of the range. Due to restrictions on the usage of PentanBDE and OctaBDE commercial mixtures, reductions of PBDE levels from subsurface to superficial layer were observed in all estuaries. Elevated contribution by MonoBDEs to ∑39PBDE in the estuary of the only outflow river suggests significant congener fractionation. TriBDEs, TetraBDEs, and HexaBDEs appeared to pose low risks in all surface sediments, but moderate to high risks may be expected for PentaBDEs. Overall, the results would contribute to a better understanding of the sources and environmental fate of PBDEs in the studied eutrophicated lake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhou Chen
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Waste Resource Utilization, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China.
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Waste Water Recycling, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China.
- Anhui Research Academy of Ecological Civilization, Anhui JianZhu University, Hefei, 230601, China.
| | - Xinyue Deng
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Waste Resource Utilization, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Waste Water Recycling, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Jizhong Wang
- LID, Guangzhou GRG Metrology & Test (Hefei) CO, Hefei, 230088, China.
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Wang C, Sun Y, Ruan H, Yang J. Toxic effects of 2,4,4'- trichlorobiphenyl (PCB-28) on growth, photosynthesis characteristics and antioxidant defense system of Lemna minor L. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 166:505-511. [PMID: 34166977 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a common category of persistent man-made organic pollutants that are widespread in the ambient environment. Although Lemna minor L. is an extensively applied plant for aquatic remediation in ecotoxicology research worldwide, little is known regarding its responses to the potentially toxic effects of PCBs. For this study, a 14-day dissolved exposure was conducted to explore the effects of 2,4,4'- trichlorobiphenyl (PCB-28) on the growth, photosynthesis characteristics and antioxidant defense system of L. minor plants. We found that 100 and 200 μg/L of PCB-28 decreased the fresh weight, chlorophyll and protein content, and activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, and nitroreductase, whereas plasma membrane permeability, and the malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species concentrations were increased. However, it was observed that 5 and 20 μg/L of PCB-28 had no significant effects on these physiological indices. The ultra-structure of chloroplast demonstrated that 100 and 200 μg/L PCB-28 severely damaged the chloroplast structures. Moreover, correlation analysis revealed that the content of reactive oxygen species had negative correlations with the fresh weight, chlorophyll and protein content, as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, and nitroreductase, but had positive correlations with the malondialdehyde content and plasma membrane permeability. This work provides valuable data toward elucidating the physiology and biochemistry of PCBs induced phytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiting Wang
- Department of Ecology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng City, China; Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Honghua Ruan
- Department of Ecology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China; Advanced Analysis and Testing Center, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
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7
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Yu X, Gutang Q, Chen X, Sanganyado E, Li P, Liu W. Ecological risk of chlorinated organic pollutants in a semi-enclosed bay impacted by aquaculture. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 783:147000. [PMID: 33865145 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Semi-enclosed bays are used for critical economic activities such as ports, aquaculture, and human settlement due to their topography and ocean connectivity. However, the role of these geomorphological characteristics on the accumulation of chlorinated organic pollutants in semi-enclosed bays is poorly understood. We investigated the spatiotemporal distribution and potential ecological risk of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in sediments from Shantou Bay, a semi-enclosed bay. The ∑PCB concentration was 258-1297 ng g-1 and 59.6-651 ng g-1 in the dry season and wet season, respectively. Sediments collected downstream and upstream the aquaculture farms had significantly lower DDT concentrations than those collected close to the aquaculture discharge points. The ratio of DDT and its metabolites indicated that there was possible fresh input of DDTs into Shantou Bay. However, no significant spatial trend was observed in the PCB profiles. The concentrations of PCBs and OCPs in Shantou Bay were above the China Marine Sediment Quality Class I suggesting remediation was essential to ensure the aquatic systems could be safely used for fisheries, swimming, or as marine protected areas. Furthermore, the potential ecological risk of DDTs was high as it exceeded the effects thresholds at all sites. Seasonal variations in human activities, resuspension of historical contaminants due to physical oceanographic, climatic and hydrological factors, and contaminant trapping probably contributed to the changes in organic pollutant distribution in the semi-enclosed bay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Yu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Qilin Gutang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Xiaohan Chen
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Edmond Sanganyado
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 511458, China.
| | - Ping Li
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Wenhua Liu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 511458, China.
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8
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Lao Q, Liu G, Zhou X, Chen F, Zhang S. Sources of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) found in surface sediment from coastal areas of Beibu Gulf: A reflection on shipping activities and coastal industries. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 167:112318. [PMID: 33862382 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The presence of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) was determined in the sediments of Beibu Gulf, a newly developing industry and port in South China, to evaluate whether the rapid development of coastal cities has accelerated the organic pollution in the region. The levels of PCBs and DDTs ranged from 1.17 to 8.00 ng g-1 and ND (not detected) to 3.82 ng g-1, respectively. The levels were higher in the east of Beibu Gulf than in the west, which influenced by the industrialisation and urbanisation in the east. Additionally, penta-PCBs were the dominant PCB congeners, which are related to shipping activities, and DDTs may have originated from the historical use of technical DDT. The levels of pp'-DDD and PCBs did not have the potential to cause ecological risks in Beibu Gulf; however, residues of DDTs were at relatively higher ecotoxicological levels, thereby having the potential to cause adverse biological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qibin Lao
- Institute of Marine Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; Marine Environmental Monitoring Centre of Beihai, State Oceanic Administration, Beihai 536000, China; College of Ocean and Meteorology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Survey Technology and Application, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Guoqiang Liu
- Marine Environmental Monitoring Centre of Beihai, State Oceanic Administration, Beihai 536000, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Survey Technology and Application, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- College of Ocean and Meteorology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Fajin Chen
- College of Ocean and Meteorology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Shuwen Zhang
- Institute of Marine Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China.
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Yin H, Ma J, Li Z, Li Y, Meng T, Tang Z. Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers and Heavy Metals in a Regulated E-Waste Recycling Site, Eastern China: Implications for Risk Management. Molecules 2021; 26:2169. [PMID: 33918776 PMCID: PMC8069465 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Serious pollution of multiple chemicals in irregulated e-waste recycling sites (IR-sites) were extensively investigated. However, little is known about the pollution in regulated sites. This study investigated the occurrence of 21 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and 10 metals in a regulated site, in Eastern China. The concentrations of PBDEs and Cd, Cu, Pb, Sb, and Zn in soils and sediments were 1-4 and 1-3 orders of magnitude lower than those reported in the IR-sites, respectively. However, these were generally comparable to those in the urban and industrial areas. In general, a moderate pollution of PBDEs and metals was present in the vegetables in this area. A health risk assessment model was used to calculate human exposure to metals in soils. The summed non-carcinogenic risks of metals and PBDEs in the investigated soils were 1.59-3.27 and 0.25-0.51 for children and adults, respectively. Arsenic contributed to 47% of the total risks and As risks in 71.4% of the total soil samples exceeded the acceptable level. These results suggested that the pollution from e-waste recycling could be substantially decreased by the regulated activities, relative to poorly controlled operations, but arsenic pollution from the regulated cycling should be further controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmin Yin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China; (H.Y.); (T.M.)
| | - Jiayi Ma
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China; (J.M.); (Y.L.)
| | - Zhidong Li
- Cangzhou Ecology and Environment Bureau, Cangzhou 061000, China;
| | - Yonghong Li
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China; (J.M.); (Y.L.)
| | - Tong Meng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China; (H.Y.); (T.M.)
| | - Zhenwu Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China; (H.Y.); (T.M.)
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China; (J.M.); (Y.L.)
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10
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Peng J, Chen Y, Xia Q, Rong G, Zhang J. Ecological risk and early warning of soil compound pollutants (HMs, PAHs, PCBs and OCPs) in an industrial city, Changchun, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 272:116038. [PMID: 33280915 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Soil ecological risk caused by compound pollutants is a topic that deserves increasing attention, and soil risk early warning is a more in-depth discussion on this topic. In this study, we collected soil samples from Changchun, a typical industrial city, and determined the contents of 13 heavy metals (HMs) (0.00 mg kg-1-6380 mg kg-1), 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (0.00 mg kg-1-27.7 mg kg-1), 7 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) (0.30 μg kg-1-168 μg kg-1), and 8 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) (0.00 mg kg-1-4.52 mg kg-1). The soil ecological risks of compound pollutants were assessed. The results showed that PAHs were the greatest risk pollutants, followed by PCBs and HMs, and OCPs were the smallest risk pollutants. Most of the ecological risks of compound pollutants were classified as "moderate severity" level according to the (contamination severity index) CSI evaluation criteria. With the help of modern industrial economic theory, through the analysis of the annual accumulation of pollutants, it is possible to predict the future pollutant content in Changchun, and the soil risks could be forewarned. The results showed that if active measures were not taken to reduce the accumulation of PAHs in Changchun soil, the CSI-PAHs would be classified as "ultra-high severity" level in 2035.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyao Peng
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China; Key Laboratory for Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Yanan Chen
- College of Water Conservancy and Environmental Engineering, Changchun Institute of Technology, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Qing Xia
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China; Key Laboratory for Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Guangzhi Rong
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China; Key Laboratory for Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Jiquan Zhang
- School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China; Key Laboratory for Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130024, China.
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11
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Han Y, Cheng J, He L, Zhang M, Ren S, Sun J, Xing X, Tang Z. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in soils from Tianjin, North China: distribution, health risk, and temporal trends. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2021; 43:1177-1191. [PMID: 32607699 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00645-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Available information is still insufficient for a comprehensive understanding of the global distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the environment. In particular, little is known about the changing trend of their distribution in urban soils. We conducted a survey of 21 PBDEs in urban soils from Tianjin, China. The chemicals were widely present in the area and summed concentrations ranged from 0.65 to 108 ng/g in soil, indicating low to moderate levels of pollution relative to other areas. BDE-209 was the predominant congener, contributing 88.9% of the concentrations of total soil PBDEs. Source assessment indicated that soil PBDEs in the area were mainly derived from the release of commercial deca-BDE from local industrial production processes and consumer products. We found that the soil concentrations of PBDEs appear to have declined in recent years, compared with other previous reports in this region. However, more studies are needed on this possible change trend of PBDE pollution, especially its impact on human health, although their calculated non-carcinogenic health risks in this study were low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Han
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jiali Cheng
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Lei He
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610101, China
| | - Minna Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Shan Ren
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Jiazheng Sun
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Xiangyang Xing
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Zhenwu Tang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China.
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China.
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12
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Su H, Shi S, Zhu M, Li J, Su G. Liquid Crystal Monomers (LCMs) in Sediments: Method Validation and Detection in Sediment Samples from Three Typical Areas. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:2336-2345. [PMID: 33528249 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c06427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Liquid crystal monomers (LCMs) have been proposed to be persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic (PBT) substances; however, there is a dearth of information regarding their occurrence in sediment samples. Here, an analytical method was developed for the quantitative determination of LCMs in sediment samples, and n = 76 sediment samples were collected and analyzed to determine accurate concentrations of LCMs. Our results indicated that the developed pretreatment procedure was applicable for the determination of LCM concentrations in sediments. We observed that LCMs were detected in 75 out of the 76 sediment samples, and 23, 18, and 14 out of the 39 target LCMs were quantified in at least one of the analyzed sediments from rivers around LCM or liquid crystal device (LCD) manufacturers, Taihu Lake, and rivers around e-waste recycling sites, respectively. The LCMs in the samples from rivers around LCM/LCD manufacturers exhibited the greatest mean concentrations of 26.1 ng/g dry weight (dw), followed by those from e-waste recycling site areas (1.15 ng/g dw) and Taihu Lake (0.076 ng/g dw). Collectively, this study provided the first analytical method that was able to quantify the concentrations of LCMs in sediment samples and provided the first evidence for the occurrence of LCMs in sediment samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Su
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaobo Shi
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming Zhu
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianhua Li
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guanyong Su
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
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13
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Da C, Wang R, Huang Q, Mao J, Xie L, Xue C, Zhang L. Sediment Records of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) from the Anhui Province Section of Yangtze River, China. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 106:334-341. [PMID: 33242122 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-020-03054-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the temporal changes of PBDEs in the sediment cores from the Anhui Province section of Yangtze River (YR), China. The dramatic increase of ∑Br3-Br9-BDEs and BDE-209 concentrations in cores in the period of ca. 1990-2008 was consistent with the booming of regional and national production and consumption of household appliances and electronics. Following declines in BDE-209 and ∑Br3-Br9-BDEs concentrations can be associated with the deceasing use of legacy commercial PBDE mixtures in recent years. Compared with the different regions around the world, sediments in the YR were moderately polluted by PBDEs. The levels and the detection rates of BDE-209 were highest among the detected PBDEs single congener. The composition analysis indicated that Deca-BDE, Octa-BDE, and Penta-BDE were the dominant forms in the YR. The increasing trends of both BDE-209 and ∑Br3-Br9-BDEs in the YR during 1990s and 2000s largely reflected the time periods for transferring PBDE sources from the developed countries to China. TOC and finer particles were strongly correlated with distributions of PBDEs in sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunnian Da
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ruwei Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, 510006, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Qing Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, 510006, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinyu Mao
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, China
| | - Lijin Xie
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, China
| | - Chao Xue
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, China
| | - Long Zhang
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, China
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14
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Gu C, Zhang Y, Peng Y, Leng P, Zhu N, Qiao Y, Li Z, Li F. Spatial Distribution and Health Risk Assessment of Dissolved Trace Elements in Groundwater in southern China. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7886. [PMID: 32398694 PMCID: PMC7217908 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64267-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand the groundwater environmental quality and the impact of trace elements in the construction of urban agglomeration in China, this study collected 58 groundwater samples from the core area of the Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration (Changsha, Zhuzhou, Xiangtan) and quantitatively analyzed the content of 13 dissolved trace element and their spatial distribution characteristics. The health risk assessment model was further used to evaluate the human health risk caused by trace element pollution in groundwater. It was observed that Ba had the highest average concentration (0.28 mg·L−1), whereas Cd had the lowest (2.1 × 10−5 mg·L−1). Compared with China’s groundwater environmental quality standard, the exceeding rates of Se, Mn, Zn, and Ni concentrations were 37.93%, 17.24%, 1.72% and 1.72%, respectively. Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mo, and Pb did not exceed the corresponding standards. The 13 trace elements were distributed in a scattered pattern in space and the trace elements in both banks of the Xiang River, Zhuzhou, Weishui River and surrounding areas were relatively high. Health risk assessments showed that the carcinogenic risk values of Cd, Cr, and Pb and the health risk values of 10 non-carcinogenic elements were less than the corresponding maximum acceptable risk level. The health risks associated with non-carcinogenic substances through ingestion were higher than those associated with dermal absorption. Among the non-carcinogenic substances, Ba and Mn posed the greatest health risks. With respect to drinking water exposure, Cr had the highest carcinogenic risk, followed by Pb. Furthermore, Cd had the lowest carcinogenic risk. This study recommended that continuous monitoring of Ba, Mn, and Cr in groundwater should be practiced by assessing the risk of these elements in the Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congke Gu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 11A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi Province, P. R. China
| | - Yu Peng
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 11A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Peifang Leng
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 11A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Nong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 11A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, P. R. China
| | - Yunfeng Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 11A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 11A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Fadong Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 11A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, P. R. China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.
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15
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Yoon SJ, Hong S, Kim S, Lee J, Kim T, Kim B, Kwon BO, Zhou Y, Shi B, Liu P, Hu W, Huang B, Wang T, Khim JS. Large-scale monitoring and ecological risk assessment of persistent toxic substances in riverine, estuarine, and coastal sediments of the Yellow and Bohai seas. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 137:105517. [PMID: 32018133 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The Yellow and Bohai seas comprise one of the most rapidly developing regions in the world, but efforts to assess coastal pollution by persistent toxic substances (PTSs) on wide spatial scale are lacking. The present study aimed to (1) measure the concentrations of PTSs, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), alkylphenols (APs), and styrene oligomers (SOs) via large-scale sediment monitoring (total of 125 locations), (2) assess potential ecological risk of PTSs in sediments to coastal ecosystems, (3) estimate various sources and fresh inputs of PTSs, (4) determine distribution patterns of PTSs by human activities and land-use type, and (5) address decadal (2008-2018) changes in distributions of PTSs. The high concentrations of PAHs [> 7000 ng g-1 dry weight (dw)] in sediments were detected in Nantong in the Yellow Sea of China (YSC) and Huludao and Qinhuangdao in the Bohai Sea (BS), whereas lesser concentrations (< 200 ng g-1 dw) were detected in the Yellow Sea of Korea (YSK). We found relatively high concentrations of sedimentary APs and SOs in Nantong, Huludao, and Qinhuangdao from the YSC and BS regions, but corresponding concentrations were generally below < 100 ng g-1 dw in other locations. Concentrations of PAHs at 38 locations (30% of YSC and BS) posed a potential risk to aquatic ecosystems, whereas relatively low risk concentrations occurred in all locations of YSK. The main source of PAHs (concentrated in YSC and BS) were by-products of diesel and gasoline combustion (42% of total concentration), whereas biomass combustion (24%) dominated in YSK. Fresh inputs of PTSs indicated that the generation and use of PTSs continue across all regions and locations. Among PTSs, concentrations of PAHs were significantly associated with location (p < 0.05) relative to land-use within a given region, whereas concentrations of APs and SOs showed no significant relationships (p > 0.05) among or within regions. Over time, concentrations of PAHs have generally declined, but sediment contamination has increased at some locations in China, with sources shifting from a mixture of PAHs types to those linked to diesel and gasoline combustion. Additional studies are needed on the fate and potential ecological risk posed by certain PTSs in hotspots. This is one of the first efforts providing backgrounds on PTS pollution in the large marine ecosystem of the Yellow and Bohai seas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Joon Yoon
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seongjin Hong
- Department of Ocean Environmental Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seonju Kim
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jongmin Lee
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Taewoo Kim
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Beomgi Kim
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bong-Oh Kwon
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yunqiao Zhou
- State Key Lab of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Bin Shi
- State Key Lab of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Peng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.
| | - Wenyou Hu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.
| | - Biao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.
| | - Tieyu Wang
- State Key Lab of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Jong Seong Khim
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Zhang K, Qian Z, Ruan Y, Hao Y, Dong W, Li K, Mei Z, Wang K, Wu C, Wu J, Zheng J, Lam PKS, Wang D. First evaluation of legacy persistent organic pollutant contamination status of stranded Yangtze finless porpoises along the Yangtze River Basin, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 710:136446. [PMID: 31923702 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Yangtze finless porpoises (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis), inhabiting the Yangtze River, are an endangered species in China. They are threatened by various kinds of pollutants, among which persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are of special concern due to their toxicities, high persistency and bioaccumulation potential. To better understand the POP contamination status of Yangtze finless porpoises, an investigation of stranded porpoises along the Yangtze River and adjacent two major lakes in the Yangtze River basin was conducted; the concentrations of four groups of legacy POPs, i.e., hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs), were determined in the blubber samples. The mean concentrations of ΣHCHs (the sum of all congeners/isomers), ΣDDTs, ΣPBDEs and ΣPCBs, were 1670 ± 4210, 28,800 ± 52,300, 141 ± 174, and 1020 ± 1070 ng/g lipid weight, respectively; the high DDTs/PCBs ratio reflected a strong influence of agricultural pollution in the Yangtze River basin, and the high α/γ ratio of HCH isomers indicated the usage of lindane in the corresponding areas; the predominance of low-brominated congeners of PBDEs may be related to congruent patterns in the related environmental matrices. A hazard quotient risk assessment revealed that DDTs could pose a relatively high risk to Yangtze finless porpoises compared with the risks posed by the other POPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhengyi Qian
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuefei Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yujiang Hao
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Weiwei Dong
- Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Ke Li
- Wuhan Institute for Drug and Medical Device Control, Wuhan 430075, China
| | - Zhigang Mei
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Kexiong Wang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Chenxi Wu
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jianhong Wu
- Wuhan Institute for Drug and Medical Device Control, Wuhan 430075, China.
| | - Jinsong Zheng
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Paul K S Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ding Wang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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17
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Hoa NTQ, Anh HQ, Tue NM, Trung NT, Da LN, Van Quy T, Huong NTA, Suzuki G, Takahashi S, Tanabe S, Thuy PC, Dau PT, Viet PH, Tuyen LH. Soil and sediment contamination by unsubstituted and methylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in an informal e-waste recycling area, northern Vietnam: Occurrence, source apportionment, and risk assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 709:135852. [PMID: 31887494 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Improper processing activities of e-waste are potential sources of polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their derivatives, however, information about the environmental occurrence and adverse impacts of these toxic substances is still limited for informal e-waste recycling areas in Vietnam and Southeast Asia. In this study, unsubstituted and methylated PAHs were determined in surface soil and river sediment samples collected from a rural village with informal e-waste recycling activities in northern Vietnam. Total levels of PAHs and MePAHs decreased in the order: workshop soil (median 2900; range 870-42,000 ng g-1) > open burning soil (2400; 840-4200 ng g-1) > paddy field soil (1200; range 530-6700 ng g-1) > river sediment samples (750; 370-2500 ng g-1). About 60% of the soil samples examined in this study were heavily contaminated with PAHs. Fingerprint profiles of PAHs and MePAHs in the soil and sediment samples indicated that these pollutants were mainly released from pyrogenic sources rather than petrogenic sources. The emissions of PAHs and MePAHs in this area were probably attributed to uncontrolled burning of e-waste and agricultural by-products, domestic coal and biomass combustion, and traffic activities. Carcinogenicity and mutagenicity of PAHs in the e-waste workshop soils were significantly higher than those of the field soils; however, the incremental lifetime cancer risk of PAH-contaminated soils in this study ranged from 5.5 × 10-9 to 4.6 × 10-6, implying acceptable levels of human health risk. Meanwhile, concentrations of some compounds such as phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, benz[a]anthracene, and benzo[a]pyrene in several soil samples exceeded the maximum permissible concentrations, indicating the risk of ecotoxicological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thi Quynh Hoa
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Environment, Hung Yen University of Technology and Education, Khoai Chau, Hung Yen, Viet Nam
| | - Hoang Quoc Anh
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Center of Advanced Technology for the Environment (CATE), Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan
| | - Nguyen Minh Tue
- Centre for Environmental Technology and Sustainable Development (CETASD), VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Nguyen Thanh Trung
- Faculty of Environmental Science, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Faculty of Environmental Engineering, National University of Civil Engineering, 55 Giai Phong, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Le Nhu Da
- Institute of Natural Product Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Tran Van Quy
- Faculty of Environmental Science, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Thi Anh Huong
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Go Suzuki
- Center for Material Cycles and Waste Management Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan
| | - Shin Takahashi
- Center of Advanced Technology for the Environment (CATE), Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Tanabe
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Pham Chau Thuy
- Faculty of Environment, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Trau Quy, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Pham Thi Dau
- Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Pham Hung Viet
- Centre for Environmental Technology and Sustainable Development (CETASD), VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Le Huu Tuyen
- Centre for Environmental Technology and Sustainable Development (CETASD), VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
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18
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Zhang G, Lu S, Wang Y, Liu X, Liu Y, Xu J, Zhang T, Wang Z, Yang Y. Occurrence of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes and their correlations in lower Yangtze River, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 257:113365. [PMID: 31818612 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The overuse and misuse of antibiotics could promote the emergence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and pose a potential risk to human health and the ecological environment. In this study, fifteen antibiotics and their corresponding ARGs in water, sediment and sewage treatment plant (STP) effluent were analysed to investigate their occurrence and correlation in the Yangtze River (Jiangsu section) for the first time. The concentrations of erythromycin-H2O (EM-H2O) (2.08-30 ng L-1) and ofloxacin (OFL) (290-8400 ng kg-1) were the highest in the water and sediment, respectively, and EM-H2O and clarithromycin (CLA) posed the highest risks to aquatic organisms. The concentrations of antibiotics in STP effluent were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those in the water. Norfloxacin (NOR) was the most predominant antibiotic, with low removal efficiency (-38%-51%), in STPs; the concentration of NOR in the STP effluent was 4-6 orders of magnitude higher than that in the water. Moreover, the concentrations of antibiotics and their corresponding ARG abundance in downstream were higher than those in upstream, suggesting that STPs with high concentration levels might be an important source of river contamination. Additionally, the concentrations of antibiotics and the abundance of ARGs might increase after the sewage treatment process. The results also showed the prevalence of sul1 and sul2 in all the sampling sites. Significant correlations (p < 0.0001) were detected between int1 and sul1 and sul2, which resulted from the contribution of int1 to the propagation of ARGs. Overall, this study demonstrated the prevalence of antibiotics and ARGs and their inconsistent correlations in the Yangtze River (Jiangsu section) and provides support for further investigation of the occurrence and spread of antibiotics and ARGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Lake Dongtinghu (SEPSORSLD), National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Research Centre of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Shaoyong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Lake Dongtinghu (SEPSORSLD), National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Research Centre of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Yongqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Lake Dongtinghu (SEPSORSLD), National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Research Centre of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Lake Dongtinghu (SEPSORSLD), National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Research Centre of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Lake Dongtinghu (SEPSORSLD), National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Research Centre of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Jiamin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Lake Dongtinghu (SEPSORSLD), National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Research Centre of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Environment and Disaster Monitoring and Evaluation, Hubei, Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430077, China
| | - Yong Yang
- China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, 100012, China
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19
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Jiang Y, Yuan L, Lin Q, Ma S, Yu Y. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the environment and human external and internal exposure in China: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 696:133902. [PMID: 31470322 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are widely used as brominated flame retardants. Because of their toxicity and persistence, some PBDEs were restricted under the Stockholm Convention in 2009. Since then, many studies have been carried out on PBDEs in China and in many other countries. In the present review, the occurrences and contamination of PBDEs in air, water, sediment, soil, biota and daily food, human blood, hair, and other human tissues in China are comprehensively reviewed and described. The human exposure pathways and associated health risks of PBDEs are summarized. The data showed no obvious differences between North and South China, but concentrations from West China were generally lower than in East China, which can be mainly attributed to the production and widespread use of PBDEs in eastern regions. High levels of PBDEs were generally observed in the PBDE production facilities (e.g., Jiangsu Province and Shandong Province, East China) and e-waste recycling sites (Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province, East China, and Guiyu City and Qingyuan City, both located in Guangdong Province, South China) and large cities, whereas low levels were detected in rural and less-developed areas, especially in remote regions such as the Tibetan Plateau. Deca-BDE is generally the major congener. Existing problems for PBDE investigations in China are revealed, and further studies are also discussed and anticipated. In particular, non-invasive matrices such as hair should be more thoroughly studied; more accurate estimations of human exposure and health risks should be performed, such as adding bioaccessibility or bioavailability to human exposure assessments; and the degradation products and metabolites of PBDEs in human bodies should receive more attention. More investigations should be carried out to evaluate the quantitative relationships between internal and external exposure so as to provide a scientific basis for ensuring human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Jiang
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Longmiao Yuan
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Qinhao Lin
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Shentao Ma
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Synergy Innovation Institute of GDUT, Shantou 515100, China
| | - Yingxin Yu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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20
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Mehta R, Brahmbhatt H, Bhojani G, Mukherjee M, Bhattacharya A. Poly(piperizinamide) with copper ion composite membranes: Application for mitigation of Hexaconazole from water and combat microbial contamination. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 376:102-111. [PMID: 31125940 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Thin film Poly(piperazine-amide) composite membranes using sequential interfacial polymerization with tuning by Cu2+ have brought significant findings in it. The hydrophobicity is relatively enhanced for the copper containing membranes. The membrane in which copper solution is applied prior to piperizine (Memb-III) exhibits higher hydrophobicity where as membrane (Memb-II) in which copper solution is applied following piperizine, possesses higher roughness compared to other two. Filtration experiments in terms of salts, mono/disaccharides and hexaconazole indicate that modified membranes are of different behaviours according to their sequence of preparative methods. Memb-III has shown lower SO4=/Cl- selectivity compared to Memb-II (i.e. 3.92), though they are in different range. The unmodified membrane (Memb-I) exhibits SO4=/Cl- selectivity 3.23 is in the same scale of Memb-III (2.27). Memb-III exhibits higher hexaconazole separation (91.5%) compared to Memb-II (i.e. 53.9%). The flux decline follows the order: field water > tap water > deionized water. The copper incorporated membrane (Memb-II) has shown a low flux decline compared to Memb-III as well as Memb-I. The antibacterial properties towards E. Coli and Bacillus subtilis are well reflected. The copper containing membranes have promising antibacterial properties and follows the order Memb-II > Memb-III > Memb-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romil Mehta
- Membrane Science and Separation Technology Division, Bhavnagar, 364002 Gujarat, India
| | - H Brahmbhatt
- Analytical and Environmental Science Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, 364002 Gujarat, India
| | - Gopal Bhojani
- Membrane Science and Separation Technology Division, Bhavnagar, 364002 Gujarat, India
| | - M Mukherjee
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, W. Bengal, India
| | - A Bhattacharya
- Membrane Science and Separation Technology Division, Bhavnagar, 364002 Gujarat, India.
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Xu J, Jia C, He J, Xu H, Tang YT, Ji D, Yu H, Xiao H, Wang C. Biomass burning and fungal spores as sources of fine aerosols in Yangtze River Delta, China - Using multiple organic tracers to understand variability, correlations and origins. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 251:155-165. [PMID: 31078087 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.04.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Research is restricted regarding impacts of biomass burning (BB) on fine aerosol (PM2.5), due mainly to lack of specific BB tracers. This study aims to characterize the variability, distributions, and contributions of BB and fungal spores as sources of PM2.5 using a multiple organic tracer approach. PM2.5 samples were collected at four representative sites in Yangtze River Delta (YRD), China every 6 days for one year. In the laboratory, samples were analyzed for three anhydrides (levoglucosan, mannosan, and galactosan), two sugar alcohols (arabitol and mannitol), water-soluble inorganic ions, and elemental/organic carbon (EC/OC). Levoglucosan was the most abundant BB tracer (mean concentration = 81 ng/m3), and fungal spore tracers arabitol and mannitol had similar abundances (5.6 and 5.7 ng/m3, respectively). Anhydrides and sugar alcohols had high within-group correlations, indicating their respective common sources. Concentrations of tracers displayed large temporal variations but small spatial variations, suggesting strong seasonality in BB and fungal spore sources. BB sources were burning of grass, pine needles, hardwood and crop straw, which were originated from transboundary/cross-region transport and local fire spots. PCA analyses revealed that the common sources of fine aerosols in YRD were secondary inorganic aerosols, soil dust, BB and fungal spores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingsha Xu
- International Doctoral Innovation Centre (IDIC), Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, 315100, PR China
| | - Chunrong Jia
- School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, 38152, USA
| | - Jun He
- International Doctoral Innovation Centre (IDIC), Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, 315100, PR China.
| | - Honghui Xu
- Zhejiang Meteorological Science Institute, Hangzhou, 310051, PR China
| | - Yu-Ting Tang
- School of Geographical Sciences, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, 315100, PR China
| | - Dongsheng Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Huan Yu
- Department of Atmospheric Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Hang Xiao
- Centre for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, PR China
| | - Chengjun Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, PR China.
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Liang X, Junaid M, Wang Z, Li T, Xu N. Spatiotemporal distribution, source apportionment and ecological risk assessment of PBDEs and PAHs in the Guanlan River from rapidly urbanizing areas of Shenzhen, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 250:695-707. [PMID: 31035152 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.04.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, nine congeners of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and sixteen congeners of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured in water samples to elucidate their spatial distribution, congener profiles, sources and ecological risks in the Guanlan River during both the dry season (DS) and the wet season (WS). The concentration of Σ9PBDE ranged from 58.40 to 186.35 ng/L with an average of 115.72 ng/L in the DS, and from 8.20 to 37.80 ng/L with an average of 22.15 ng/L in the WS. Meanwhile, the concentration of Σ16PAHs was ranged from 121.80 to 8371.70 ng/L with an average of 3271.18 ng/L in the DS and from 1.85 to 7124.25 ng/L with an average of 908.11 ng/L in the WS. The concentrations of PBDEs and PAHs in the DS were significantly higher than those in the WS, probably due to the dilution of the river during the rainy season. Moreover, the spatial distribution of pollutants revealed decreasing trend in the concentration from upstream to downstream and almost identical pattern was observed during both seasons. The source apportionment suggested that penta-BDE and to some extent octa-BDE commercial products were major sources of PBDEs in the study area. However, the sources of PAHs were mainly comprised of fossil fuels and biomass burning, followed by the petroleum products and their mixtures. The results of the ecological risk assessment indicated PBDEs contamination posed high ecological risks, while PAHs exhibited low or no ecological risks in the study area. Consistent with the environmental levels, the ecological risks of pollutants were relatively lower in the WS, compared to that in the DS. The results from this study would provide valuable baseline data and technical support for policy makers to protect the ecological environment of the Guanlan River.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxiu Liang
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Muhammad Junaid
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhifen Wang
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Tianhong Li
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Nan Xu
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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Zhu Y, Tao S, Sun J, Wang X, Li X, Tsang DCW, Zhu L, Shen G, Huang H, Cai C, Liu W. Multimedia modeling of the PAH concentration and distribution in the Yangtze River Delta and human health risk assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 647:962-972. [PMID: 30180371 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Emissions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in China remain at a high level compared to those in developed countries. The Yangtze River Delta (YRD) is an economic and industrial center in China with an extremely large population. The potentially high emissions and excess cancer risk from human exposure in this region cannot be neglected. This study applied a multimedia model to estimate the concentrations of 16 US EPA priority PAHs in the environment in the YRD with a well-developed PAH-emission inventory for 2014. The model predicted that the average concentrations of ΣPAHs were 274 ng/m3 in the air, 255 ng/g in the soil, 15 ng/g in vegetation, 147 ng/L in freshwater and 144 ng/g in sediment, as well as 99 ng/L and 80 ng/g in seawater and sediment, respectively. Soil is the PAH sink in this region, and the net flux of the total PAHs is always from air to soil for each isomer. A deterministic assessment observed that the ELCR (excess lifetime cancer risk) ranged from 2.5 × 10-6 to 3.0 × 10-5 for exposure by air inhalation and from 3.5 × 10-7 to 7.9 × 10-6 for exposure by soil ingestion. The probabilistic results did not find any probability of ELCR >10-4 by exposure via soil ingestion in the YRD. The probabilistic ELCR induced by inhalation exposure varied from 8.1 × 10-7 to 3.1 × 10-4 in the YRD. This study provided a comprehensive overview of PAHs occurrence in natural environments and of the relevant human health risks. The information presented in this study could help authorities to enact a strategy regarding emission reduction and pollution control relevant to PAHs. CAPSULE Multimedia modeling predicted distributions and compositions of PAHs in different environmental compartments, and deterministic and probabilistic ELCRs induced by air inhalation and soil ingestion were also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhu
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Shu Tao
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jianteng Sun
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Xilong Wang
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiangdong Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lizhong Zhu
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Guofeng Shen
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Huijing Huang
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chuanyang Cai
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wenxin Liu
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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Liu A, Wang Y, Xian M, Zhao Z, Zhao B, Wang J, Yao P. Characterization of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in surface sediments of the Changjiang Estuary and adjacent shelf by high-resolution sampling and high-resolution mass spectrometry. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 124:496-501. [PMID: 28743367 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Due to limited samples and low-resolution analysis, conflicting findings on major polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners and their origins remain in the East China Sea (ECS). Based on high-resolution sampling and high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis, 72 surface sediment samples from the Changjiang Estuary and adjacent ECS shelf were determined to characterize 39 PCB congeners. PCBs (∑39PCBs) ranged from 0.003 to 16.18ng/g dw, presenting a decreasing seaward trend. Tri-, tetra- and penta-CBs were the main components, accounting for >64% of ∑39PCBs in most samples. Tetra-CBs were the dominant congeners, corresponding to results of sediments from Changjiang middle reach and soils from Changjiang Delta. Comparison between PCBs and sediment properties indicated there may be a deposition boundary of 30°N. In the north, the spatial distribution of PCBs is controlled by Changjiang input and hydrodynamic conditions, while in the south closely related to combination of local source and riverine input.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aifeng Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Yawei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Mo Xian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Zongshan Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Bin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Jinpeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Peng Yao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
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Huang Y, Liu M, Wang R, Khan SK, Gao D, Zhang Y. Characterization and source apportionment of PAHs from a highly urbanized river sediments based on land use analysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 184:1334-1345. [PMID: 28679154 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.06.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The city-scale land use/land cover change derived by urbanization on the fates of PAHs is of great concerns recently. This study evaluated spatiotemporal variations and sources of PAHs from a highly urbanized river sediments in the Huangpu River, Shanghai. Results indicated that the concentrations of PAHs in the sediments varied greatly across locations and seasons. The concentration of Σ16PAHs in the dry season were 6 times higher than that in wet season. The mainstream and midstream of the Huangpu River were identified as the hotspots in both dry and wet seasons. However, 4-ring PAH compounds were dominated, contributing 42.41% ± 6.81% and 44.70 ± 7.73% in the dry and wet seasons, respectively. Multivariate statistical and land use analysis suggested that the main sources of PAHs derived from the cultivation, traffic and commercial activities. Buffer radii (<750 m) area with cultivated land, road/street and transportation and commercial and business facilities contributed significantly the PAHs in the sediment of the Huangpu River. Population density was also an important variable regulating the PAHs concentrations less than 750 m in the wet season. Risk assessment results revealed that the PAHs toxicity in the sediments was higher in dry season than in wet season. Overall, severe land use changes caused by rapid urbanization can contribute more amount of PAHs emission and complicated sources of PAHs, thus provide insights into the importance of land use types in indicating PAHs source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Huang
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, 200241 Shanghai, China
| | - Min Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, 200241 Shanghai, China.
| | - Ruiqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, 200241 Shanghai, China
| | - Saira Khalil Khan
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, 200241 Shanghai, China
| | - Dengzhou Gao
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, 200241 Shanghai, China
| | - Yazhou Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, 200241 Shanghai, China
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Liu C, Zhang L, Fan C, Xu F, Chen K, Gu X. Temporal occurrence and sources of persistent organic pollutants in suspended particulate matter from the most heavily polluted river mouth of Lake Chaohu, China. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 174:39-45. [PMID: 28157607 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.01.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The Nanfei River is by many measures the most heavily polluted tributary to Lake Chaohu. In this study, the temporal occurrence and sources of four classes of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), in suspended particulate matter (SPM) from the river mouth were investigated monthly during 2014. Results show that concentrations of all four POPs in SPM were higher than those in the sediment of Lake Chaohu. PBDEs (26.7 ng g-1 dry weight (dw)) were originated mainly from commercial deca-BDE mixtures. PCB concentrations (1.336 ng g-1 dw) were lower than those of sediments in many other water bodies worldwide. PAHs (2597 ng g-1 dw) and OCPs (57.38 ng g-1 dw) were the most common POPs. PAHs mainly had high molecular weights and originated from pyrolytic sources, with a small proportion of petrogenic origin. The predominant OCPs were DDTs, heptachlorepoxides, dieldrin, hexachlorocyclohexanes, hexachlorobenzene, and chlordanes. Most OCPs originated from historical use, except lindane. Generally, of all the POPs studied, those of primary ecological concern should be acenaphthene, fluorene, DDTs, and chlordanes. Higher concentrations of POPs were detected during winter and spring than in summer and autumn, probably because of the high river flow during the rainy season. The high concentration of POPs in the riverine SPM and the fractionation of POPs in the water and SPM of the river should be a focal point in the future study of Lake Chaohu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Chengxin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China.
| | - Fuliu Xu
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Kaining Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Xiaozhi Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
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Yuan H, Liu E, Zhang E, Luo W, Chen L, Wang C, Lin Q. Historical records and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in sediment from a representative plateau lake, China. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 173:78-88. [PMID: 28110018 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The PAH and OCP concentrations in sediment cores collected from a deep lake were measured and evaluated chronologically. The results indicated that the PAH and OCP concentrations significantly increased from the 1950s to the 1990s and subsequently decreased to recent years. Integrated molecular diagnostic ratios indicated that the predominant petrogenic sources occurred from the 1950s-1980s. Petroleum and fuel combustion dominated the source of contamination more recently as a result of energy structure changes in this region. Additionally, HCHs and DDTs were the dominant OCP compounds, making up a majority of the total OCPs present (>85%). HCHs accounted for a larger ratio of the OCPs between the 1950s and 1980s, suggesting that HCHs were the dominant POPs in this period. DDTs then became dominant in the 1980s and later. High α/γ-HCH ratios suggested that the emission and conversion of local technical HCHs were the predominant HCHs source. The ratios of (DDE + p,p'-DDD)/DDTs and p,p'-DDT/DDTs indicated that the DDTs mainly originated from historical input. In addition, the dramatic decrease since the 1980s may be the result of China's banning of DDTs. However, DDTs were still present in the 1990s, suggesting DDTs were still used in this region and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hezhong Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, 210044 Nanjing, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210008 Nanjing, PR China
| | - Enfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210008 Nanjing, PR China
| | - Enlou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210008 Nanjing, PR China.
| | - Wenlei Luo
- College of Geographical Surveying and Rural-Urban Planning, Jiangsu Normal University, 221116 Xuzhou, PR China
| | - Liang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, 210044 Nanjing, PR China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, 210044 Nanjing, PR China
| | - Qi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210008 Nanjing, PR China
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28
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Feng J, Hu P, Zhang F, Sun J. HCHs and DDTs in Yellow River of Henan section-a typical agricultural area in China: levels, distributions and risks. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2016; 38:1241-1253. [PMID: 26694483 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-015-9787-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The levels, potential sources and ecological risks of hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) in Yellow River of Henan section, a typical agricultural area in China, were investigated. Surface water samples and suspended particulate matters (SPMs) were collected from 23 sites during two seasons. In wet season, the residues of ∑HCHs (α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH and δ-HCH) and ∑DDTs (p,p'-DDT, o,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDD) ranged from 41.7 to 290 and 4.42 to 269 ng/L in surface water, while those varied from 0.86 to 157 and 1.79 to 96.1 ng/g dw in SPM, respectively. Moreover, in surface water, the levels of HCHs and DDTs in wet season were much higher than those in dry season. The reverse was true for residues of HCHs and DDTs in SPM. Compared with the large rivers in other regions, the levels of HCHs and DDTs in the studied area ranked at high levels and the residual concentrations might cause adverse biological risk, especially for ∑HCHs during wet season. Distributions of HCHs and DDTs delineated that the input of tributaries made a significant effect on the residue of HCHs and DDTs in the mainstream. ∑HCHs in surface water were consist of 26.7 % α-HCH, 30.0 % β-HCH, 37.9 % γ-HCH and 5.45 % δ-HCH and those in SPM contained 5.16 % α-HCH, 22.1 % β-HCH, 60.5 % γ-HCH and 12.2 % δ-HCH on average. Combined with ratios of α-HCH/γ-HCH in surface water (0.70) and in SPM (0.09), the results strongly indicated that lindane was recently used or discharged in the studied area. The mean percentage of DDTs' isomers were 28.7 % p,p'-DDT, 29.8 % o,p'-DDT, 28.1 % p,p'-DDE and 13.4 % p,p'-DDD in surface water, while those were 12.5 % p,p'-DDT, 31.8 % o,p'-DDT, 30.5 % p,p'-DDE and 25.1 % p,p'-DDD in SPM. The ratios of (DDE + DDD)/∑DDTs and o,p'-DDT/p,p'-DDT revealed that the DDTs in the studied area mainly derived from long-term weathering of technical DDTs residue and the input of dicofol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinglan Feng
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Pengtuan Hu
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Zhang
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhui Sun
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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Pan H, Geng J, Qin Y, Tou F, Zhou J, Liu M, Yang Y. PCBs and OCPs in fish along coastal fisheries in China: Distribution and health risk assessment. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2016; 111:483-487. [PMID: 27344286 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.06.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PCBs and OCPs were analyzed in fish (bass) taken along Chinese coastal fisheries. In the bass muscle, PCB, DDT and HCH concentrations were in the range of 1.02-2.2ng/g, 0.44-1.74 and 2.84-106.11ng/gww, respectively. Spatial distribution showed that the concentrations of target contaminants in bass from south fisheries were in general much lower than those from north fisheries in China. The ratios of OCP congeners suggested that technical DDT was not the main input and a recent usage of lindane or old technical HCH residuals could be the source of HCHs. The OCC concentrations in liver (127-442.43ng/gww) from selected samples were 8-12 and 10-14 times higher than those in gills and muscles, respectively. Based on the maximum allowable fish assumption rate (CRlim and CRmm), it could cause human health risk, by consuming bass samples taken from highly contaminated fisheries including QD and ST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Pan
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jingjing Geng
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yukun Qin
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Feiyun Tou
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Junliang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 3663 Zhongshan North Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Min Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China; State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 3663 Zhongshan North Road, Shanghai 200062, China
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Adeleye AO, Jin H, Di Y, Li D, Chen J, Ye Y. Distribution and ecological risk of organic pollutants in the sediments and seafood of Yangtze Estuary and Hangzhou Bay, East China Sea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 541:1540-1548. [PMID: 26479920 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.09.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A wide variety of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the surface marine sediments and seafood from four geographic areas of the East China Sea were investigated. The POP concentrations were analyzed and their possible ecotoxicological risks assessed. The total concentrations of hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the sediments were found to be ND-22.40, ND-5.10, 32.10-171.70, and 0.60-63.00 ng/g dry weight (dw), respectively. Low-chlorinated biphenyl congeners and HCHs were predominantly found at the Hangzhou Bay and Yangtze River areas. The sediment ecotoxicological risk was assessed, indicating the toxic effect of PCBs and DDTs on benthic organisms. In marine organisms of economic importance, the concentration of total PAHs, PCBs, and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) ranged from 43.20 to 291.20, 2.60 to 96.20, and 12.70 to 235.20 μg/kg dw, respectively. The bioaccumulation in marine organisms did not pose a significant health risk to consumers. As indicated by the POP residues in both marine sediments and organisms, POPs were persistent over time, posing a long-term risk to the local ecosystem and human health via the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adedayo O Adeleye
- Department of Marine Sciences, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry, The Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310032, China; Physical/Chemical Oceanography Department, Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, P.M.B. 12729 Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Haiyan Jin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry, The Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Yanan Di
- Department of Marine Sciences, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Donghao Li
- Analysis and Inspection Center, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City, Jilin Province 133002, China
| | - Jianfang Chen
- Department of Marine Sciences, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry, The Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Ying Ye
- Department of Marine Sciences, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Yu W, Liu R, Xu F, Shen Z. Environmental risk assessments and spatial variations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments in Yangtze River Estuary, China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2015; 100:507-515. [PMID: 26371848 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, based on sampling data from 30 sites in August 2010, the environmental risks associated with 16 priority PAHs were estimated in surface sediments from the Yangtze River Estuary (YRE). The results indicated that the toxic equivalent quantities of the benzo[a]pyrene (TEQBap) from 30 sites were in the range of 1.93-75.88ngg(-1), and the low-molecular-weight PAHs were the dominated species with higher potential toxicity. The results of the Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk (ILCR) model indicated that the ILCR values of dermal contact were higher than 10(-6) in the northeast region, suggesting that there were significant potential carcinogenic health risks for fishermen exposure to sedimentary PAHs via dermal contact in these areas. RQ values of PAHs indicated the various distributions of ecological risk levels in the study area. These variations might be caused by the natural and anthropogenic inputs and currents in the YRE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ruimin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Fei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zhenyao Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
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Sun M, Ye M, Wu J, Feng Y, Wan J, Tian D, Shen F, Liu K, Hu F, Li H, Jiang X, Yang L, Kengara FO. Positive relationship detected between soil bioaccessible organic pollutants and antibiotic resistance genes at dairy farms in Nanjing, Eastern China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2015; 206:421-428. [PMID: 26256145 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Revised: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Co-contaminated soils by organic pollutants (OPs), antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have been becoming an emerging problem. However, it is unclear if an interaction exists between mixed pollutants and ARG abundance. Therefore, the potential relationship between OP contents and ARG and class 1 integron-integrase gene (intI1) abundance was investigated from seven dairy farms in Nanjing, Eastern China. Phenanthrene, pentachlorophenol, sulfadiazine, roxithromycin, associated ARG genes, and intI1 had the highest detection frequencies. Correlation analysis suggested a stronger positive relationship between the ARG abundance and the bioaccessible OP content than the total OP content. Additionally, the significant correlation between the bioaccessible mixed pollutant contents and ARG/intI1 abundance suggested a direct/indirect impact of the bioaccessible mixed pollutants on soil ARG dissemination. This study provided a preliminary understanding of the interaction between mixed pollutants and ARGs in co-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Sun
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Mao Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China.
| | - Jun Wu
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
| | - Yanfang Feng
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Jinzhong Wan
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection of China, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Da Tian
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Fangyuan Shen
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Kuan Liu
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Feng Hu
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Huixin Li
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Xin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China
| | - Linzhang Yang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
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Kukučka P, Audy O, Kohoutek J, Holt E, Kalábová T, Holoubek I, Klánová J. Source identification, spatio-temporal distribution and ecological risk of persistent organic pollutants in sediments from the upper Danube catchment. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 138:777-783. [PMID: 26291759 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Riverine sediments, collected on a monthly basis during a period of one year, from five sites in a mixed land use region of the Czech Republic were analysed for chlorinated and brominated persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The region is located in the upper catchment of the Danube River. The POPs concentrations were as follows: 11-930 pg g(-1) polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDDs/Fs), 170-980 pg g(-1) dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs), 34-13,700 pg g(-1) polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), 5.7-29,200 pg g(-1) polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDEs) and 0.21-351 ng g(-1) hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs). Concentrations expressed as toxic equivalents (TEQs), for PCDD/F+dl-PCB+PCN (TEQPCDD/F+dl-PCB+PCN) ranged from 0.37 to 19 pg g(-1). The results revealed a clear spatial separation between sites based on concentration and congener profile. There were also some obvious temporal patterns of selected POPs, which were related to river flow (seasonality) and organic carbon (TOC) of the sediment. Potential sources of POPs include local municipalities (flame retardants), some diffuse sources (PCNs and PCDDs/Fs) and potential point sources (PBDEs). Risk assessment based on risk quotients (RQ) revealed limited to medium ecological risk from PBDEs. TEQPCDD/F+dl-PCB+PCN were low relative to other European rivers, hence the risk to aquatic organisms was considered to be low. PCNs contributed significantly to overall TEQ in several cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Kukučka
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondřej Audy
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Kohoutek
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Holt
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Kalábová
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Holoubek
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Klánová
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Su J, Lu Y, Liu Z, Gao S, Zeng X, Yu Z, Sheng G, Fu JM. Distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and HBCD in sediments of the Hunhe River in Northeast China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:16781-16790. [PMID: 26092356 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4779-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Forty surface sediment samples from the Hunhe River in Northeast China were evaluated for contamination by polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD). The results showed that decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) was the predominant congener, accounting for >98 % of PBDEs in all sediment. The concentrations of BDE-209 and HBCD ranged from 3.96 to 327 ng/g dry weight and 0.05 to 25.8 ng/g dry weight, respectively, suggesting that BDE-209 was more widely applied in the study area. The mean concentrations of BDE-209 and HBCD in the downstream portion of the Hunhe River (BDE-209 148 ng/g dry weight and HBCD 3.74 ng/g dry weight) were found to be relatively higher than those in the upstream portion of the Hunhe River and the Dahuofang Reservoir, revealing an association with municipal sewage and industrial effluent received from the cities of Fushun and Shenyang. γ-HBCD was the most abundant diastereoisomer of all three analyzed HBCD isomers; however, marked elevations of α-HBCD were also found in most sediment samples. Surprisingly, the relative abundance (mean 38%) of α-HBCD in sediment from the upstream portion of the Hunhe River was significantly higher (p < 0.006, t test) than those in Dahuofang Reservoir (mean 24%). Moreover, the severe heavy metal contamination associated with the frequent mining activities in this region was tentatively suggested as being responsible for the increased levels of α-HBCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Su
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environment Protection and Resource Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Yingzhuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environment Protection and Resource Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Zhiyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environment Protection and Resource Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Shutao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environment Protection and Resource Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xiangying Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environment Protection and Resource Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zhiqiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environment Protection and Resource Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Guoying Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environment Protection and Resource Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jia-mo Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environment Protection and Resource Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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Xia X, Xia N, Lai Y, Dong J, Zhao P, Zhu B, Li Z, Ye W, Yuan Y, Huang J. Response of PAH-degrading genes to PAH bioavailability in the overlying water, suspended sediment, and deposited sediment of the Yangtze River. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 128:236-244. [PMID: 25723716 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The degrading genes of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) serve as indicators of in situ HOC degradation potential, and the existing forms and bioavailability of HOCs might influence the distribution of HOC-degrading genes in natural waters. However, little research has been conducted to study the relationship between them. In the present study, nahAc and nidA genes, which act as biomarkers for naphthalene- and pyrene-degrading bacteria, were selected as model genotypes to investigate the response of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-degrading genes to PAH bioavailability in the overlying water, suspended sediment (SPS), and deposited sediment of the Yangtze River. The freely dissolved concentration, typically used to reflect HOC bioavailability, and total dissolved, as well as sorbed concentrations of PAHs were determined. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all the PAH-ring hydroxylating dioxygenase gene sequences of Gram-negative bacteria (PAH-RHD[GN]) were closely related to nahAc, nagAc, nidA, and uncultured PAH-RHD genes. The PAH-RHD[GN] gene diversity as well as nahAc and nidA gene copy numbers decreased in the following order: deposited sediment>SPS>overlying water. The nahAc and nidA gene abundance was not significantly correlated with environmental parameters but was significantly correlated with the bioavailable existing forms of naphthalene and pyrene in the three phases. The nahAc gene copy numbers in the overlying water and deposited sediment were positively correlated with freely dissolved naphthalene concentrations in the overlying and pore water phases, respectively, and so were nidA gene copy numbers. This study suggests that the distribution and abundance of HOC-degrading bacterial population depend on the HOC bioavailability in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghui Xia
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Na Xia
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yunjia Lai
- Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis 95616, CA, United States
| | - Jianwei Dong
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Pujun Zhao
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Baotong Zhu
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zhihuang Li
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wan Ye
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yue Yuan
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Junxiong Huang
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing 100875, China
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