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Hofherr A, Liarte Marin E, Musial B, Seth A, Slidel T, Conway J, Baker D, Hansen PB, Challis B, Bartesaghi S, Bhat M, Pecoits-Filho R, Tu X, Selvarajah V, Woollard K, Heerspink HJ. Inhibition of Interleukin-33 to Reduce Glomerular Endothelial Inflammation in Diabetic Kidney Disease. Kidney Int Rep 2024; 9:1876-1891. [PMID: 38899206 PMCID: PMC11184260 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2024.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Inflammation is a significant contributor to cardiorenal morbidity and mortality in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). The pathophysiological mechanisms linking systemic, subacute inflammation and local, kidney injury-initiated immune maladaptation is partially understood. Methods Here, we explored the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in patients with DKD; investigated mouse models of type 1 and type 2 diabetes (T2D); evaluated glomerular signaling in vitro; performed post hoc analyses of systemic and urinary markers of inflammation; and initiated a phase 2b clinical study (FRONTIER-1; NCT04170543). Results Transcriptomic profiling of kidney biopsies from patients with DKD revealed significant glomerular upregulation of interleukin-33 (IL-33). Inhibition of IL-33 signaling reduced glomerular damage and albuminuria in the uninephrectomized db/db mouse model (T2D/DKD). On a cellular level, inhibiting IL-33 improved glomerular endothelial health by decreasing cellular inflammation and reducing release of proinflammatory cytokines. Therefore, FRONTIER-1 was designed to test the safety and efficacy of the IL-33-targeted monoclonal antibody tozorakimab in patients with DKD. So far, 578 patients are enrolled in FRONTIER-1. The baseline inflammation status of participants (N > 146) was assessed in blood and urine. Comparison to independent reference cohorts (N > 200) validated the distribution of urinary tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) and C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2). Treatment with dapagliflozin for 6 weeks did not alter these biomarkers significantly. Conclusion We show that blocking the IL-33 pathway may mitigate glomerular endothelial inflammation in DKD. The findings from the FRONTIER-1 study will provide valuable insights into the therapeutic potential of IL-33 inhibition in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Hofherr
- Research and Early Clinical Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elena Liarte Marin
- Bioscience Renal, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Barbara Musial
- Bioscience Renal, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Asha Seth
- Bioscience Renal, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tim Slidel
- Bioinformatics, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - James Conway
- Bioinformatics, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - David Baker
- Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Pernille B.L. Hansen
- Bioscience Renal, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Benjamin Challis
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Clinical Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Stefano Bartesaghi
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Clinical Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria Bhat
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Clinical Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Roberto Pecoits-Filho
- Arbor Research Collaborative for Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidade de Catolica do Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Xiao Tu
- Research and Early Clinical Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Viknesh Selvarajah
- Research and Early Clinical Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kevin Woollard
- Bioscience Renal, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hiddo J.L. Heerspink
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Arora H, Javed B, Kutikuppala LVS, Chaurasia M, Khullar K, Kannan S, Golla V. ST2 levels and neurodegenerative diseases: is this a significant relation? Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:2812-2817. [PMID: 38694387 PMCID: PMC11060292 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33), belonging to the interleukin-1 cytokine family, has a decoy receptor soluble ST2 (sST2). IL-33 is found in oligodendrocytes and astrocytes and is involved in central nervous system healing and repair, whereas ST2 is found in microglia and astrocytes. Some studies have found a link between changes in the IL-33/ST2 pathway and neurodegenerative disorders. This review article investigates the relationship between the interleukin-33 (IL-33)/ST2 pathway and neurodegenerative disorders. It was discovered that soluble st2 levels were increased. Furthermore, IL-33 levels were found to be lower in many neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The association with other disorders, such as ankylosing spondylitis, multiple sclerosis, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), was also observed. Various studies suggest that ST2/IL-33 signalling may be pivotal in the disease modulation of neurodegenerative disorders. The serum sST2 level test can be useful in determining the inflammatory status and severity of illness in many neurodegenerative disorders. In this review, we will discuss recent findings concerning the interleukin-33 (IL-33)/ST2 pathway and its role in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases with neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Arora
- Department of General Medicine, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Subharti Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh
| | - Binish Javed
- Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences & Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi
| | | | - Mayuri Chaurasia
- National Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jaipur, Rajasthan
| | | | - Shreevikaa Kannan
- Department of General Medicine Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Varshitha Golla
- Department of General Medicine, International School of Medicine (ISM), Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
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Mok MY, Luo CY, Huang FP, Kong WY, Chan GCF. IL-33 Orchestrated the Interaction and Immunoregulatory Functions of Alternatively Activated Macrophages and Regulatory T Cells In Vitro. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 211:1134-1143. [PMID: 37566486 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Our group has previously demonstrated elevated serum-soluble ST2 in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus, suggesting a role of IL-33 in the underlying pathogenesis. However, inconsistent results have been reported on the effect of exogenous IL-33 on murine lupus activity, which may be mediated by concerted actions of various immune cells in vivo. This study aimed to examine the function of IL-33 on macrophage polarization and regulatory T cells (Treg) and their interactive effects in the lupus setting by in vitro coculture experiments of macrophages and T cells that were performed in the presence or absence of IL-33-containing medium. Compared to IL-4-polarized bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) from MRL/MpJ mice, adding IL-33 enhanced mRNA expression of markers of alternatively activated macrophages, including CD206 and Arg1. IL-33 and IL-4 copolarized BMDM produced higher TGF-β but not IL-6 upon inflammatory challenge. These BMDM induced an increase in the Foxp3+CD25+ Treg population in cocultured allogeneic T cells from MRL/MpJ and predisease MRL/lpr mice. These copolarized BMDM also showed an enhanced suppressive effect on T cell proliferation with reduced IFN-γ and IL-17 release but increased TGF-β production. In the presence of TGF-β and IL-2, IL-33 also directly promoted inducible Treg that expressed a high level of CD25 and more sustained Foxp3. Unpolarized BMDM cocultured with these Treg displayed higher phagocytosis. In conclusion, TGF-β was identified as a key cytokine produced by IL-4 and IL-33 copolarized alternatively activated macrophages and the induced Treg, which may contribute to a positive feedback loop potentiating the immunoregulatory functions of IL-33.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Yin Mok
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cai Yun Luo
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Fang Ping Huang
- Department of Pathology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wing Yin Kong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Godfrey Chi Fung Chan
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Bagheri-Hosseinabadi Z, Mirzaei MR, Aliakbari M, Abbasifard M. Association of interleukin 33 gene polymorphisms with susceptibility and regulation of inflammatory mediators in Systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Clin Rheumatol 2023; 42:2187-2197. [PMID: 37067648 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-023-06575-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have indicated the involvement of interleukin (IL)-33 in the pathogenesis of Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This research intended to evaluate the association of IL33 gene rs1929992 and rs7044343 Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with risk of SLE. In addition, the association between these SNPs and inflammatory cytokines was determined. METHODS In this study, 200 SLE cases and 200 healthy subjects were recruited. Using allelic discrimination Real-time PCR, IL33 gene rs1929992 and rs7044343 SNPs were genotyped. The mRNA expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-33, TNF-α were determined in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The serum levels of cytokines were also measured. RESULTS The G allele (OR = 1.57, CI: 1.18-2.08, P = 0.0017), GG genotype (OR = 2.52, CI: 1.33-4.77, P = 0.0043), and GA genotype (OR = 2.12, CI: 1.34-3.34, P = 0.0011) of rs1929992 SNP was significantly associated with an increased SLE risk. The C allele (OR = 1.44, CI: 1.08-1.90; P = 0.0105), CC genotype (OR = 2.07, CI: 1.15-3.71; P = 0.0146), and CT genotype (OR = 1.61, CI: 1.02-2.53, P = 0.0395) of rs7044343 was significantly associated with increased SLE risk. The PBMC mRNA expression and serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-33, TNF-α were significantly increased in the SLE patients compared to controls. However, there was no significant difference in the mRNA expression and serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-33, and TNF-α among the SLE patients with three genotypes for both rs1929992 and rs7044343 polymorphisms. CONCLUSIONS IL33 gene rs1929992 and rs7044343 SNPs are involved in SLE pathogenesis but they might not influence on the inflammatory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Bagheri-Hosseinabadi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Mirzaei
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mina Aliakbari
- Student Research Committee, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mitra Abbasifard
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
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Mok MY, Law KS, Kong WY, Luo CY, Asfaw ET, Chan KW, Huang FP, Lau CS, Chan GCF. Interleukin-33 Ameliorates Murine Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Is Associated with Induction of M2 Macrophage Polarisation and Regulatory T Cells. J Innate Immun 2023; 15:485-498. [PMID: 36889298 PMCID: PMC10134067 DOI: 10.1159/000529931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The innate cytokine IL-33 is increasingly recognised to possess biological effects on various immune cells. We have previously demonstrated elevated serum level of soluble ST2 in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus suggesting involvement of IL-33 and its receptor in the lupus pathogenesis. This study sought to examine the effect of exogenous IL-33 on disease activity of pre-disease lupus-prone mice and the underlying cellular mechanisms. Recombinant IL-33 was administered to MRL/lpr mice for 6 weeks, whereas control group received phosphate-buffered saline. IL-33-treated mice displayed less proteinuria, renal histological inflammatory changes, and had lower serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-6 and TNF-α. Renal tissue and splenic CD11b+ extracts showed features of M2 polarisation with elevated mRNA expression of Arg1, FIZZI, and reduced iNOS. These mice also had increased IL-13, ST2, Gata3, and Foxp3 mRNA expression in renal and splenic tissues. Kidneys of these mice displayed less CD11b+ infiltration, had downregulated MCP-1, and increased infiltration of Foxp3-expressing cells. Splenic CD4+ T cells showed increased ST2-expressing CD4+Foxp3+ population and reduced IFN-γ+ population. There were no differences in serum anti-dsDNA antibodies and renal C3 and IgG2a deposit in these mice. Exogenous IL-33 was found to ameliorate disease activity in lupus-prone mice with induction of M2 polarisation, Th2 response, and expansion of regulatory T cells. IL-33 likely orchestrated autoregulation of these cells through upregulation of ST2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Yin Mok
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ka Sin Law
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wing Yin Kong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cai Yun Luo
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Endale T. Asfaw
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kwok Wah Chan
- Department of Pathology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Fang Ping Huang
- Department of Pathology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chak Sing Lau
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Godfrey Chi Fung Chan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Lerkvaleekul B, Chobchai P, Rattanasiri S, Vilaiyuk S. Evaluating performance of the 2019 EULAR/ACR, 2012 SLICC, and 1997 ACR criteria for classifying adult-onset and childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1093213. [PMID: 36619627 PMCID: PMC9813386 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1093213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 1997, Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) 2012, and European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR)/ACR 2019 SLE criteria are often used to classify patients with adult-onset and childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in clinical practice because there are currently no diagnostic criteria for SLE. However, there is scarce evidence regarding which criteria are best for diagnosing patients with adult-onset and childhood-onset SLE. Methods We searched Medline and Scopus databases for English-language articles from inception through October 2021. Data were extracted from the included publications by two independent reviewers. We performed bivariate meta-analysis with a random-effects model to pool diagnostic parameters. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses were performed to explore heterogeneity sources. We used network meta-analysis to compare diagnosis performance among the three criteria and ranked them in descending order. Publication bias was assessed using Deeks' funnel plot. Results We included 29 studies for systematic review and meta-analysis. Of these, 18 studies involved adult-onset SLE and 11 studies involved childhood-onset SLE. The pooled sensitivities of the three criteria for diagnosis of adult-onset SLE were comparable between SLICC 2012 and EULAR/ACR 2019 [95.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) 92.28-97.81 vs. 94.79, 95% CI 92.03-96.63]; pooled specificity was highest in ACR 1997 (92.24, 95% CI 87.06-95.46). In childhood-onset SLE, pooled sensitivity was highest in SLICC 2012 (93.76, 95% CI 89.45-96.39), and pooled specificity was highest in ACR 1997 (95.89, 95% CI 91.73-98.00). In network meta-analysis, the pooled diagnostic odds ratio ranked highest for EULAR/ACR 2019 (131.570, 95% CI 61.50-281.47) in adult-onset SLE and ranked highest for SLICC 2012 (191.07, 95% CI 76.06-480.01) in childhood-onset SLE. Deeks' funnel plot showed no publication bias. Conclusion We found that the diagnostic performance of the ACR 1997, SLICC 2012, and EULAR/ACR 2019 criteria differed between adult-onset and childhood-onset SLE. EULAR/ACR 2019 performed best for adult-onset SLE and SLICC 2012 was best for childhood-onset SLE in classifying patients with SLE. Systematic review registration [www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [CRD420 21281586].
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Affiliation(s)
- Butsabong Lerkvaleekul
- Rheumatology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pantira Chobchai
- Rheumatology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sasivimol Rattanasiri
- Section for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Soamarat Vilaiyuk
- Rheumatology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand,*Correspondence: Soamarat Vilaiyuk,
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Chen HY, Chiang YF, Hong YH, Shieh TM, Huang TC, Ali M, Chang HY, Wang KL, Hsia SM. Quercetin Ameliorates Renal Injury and Pyroptosis in Lupus Nephritis through Inhibiting IL-33/ST2 Pathway In Vitro and In Vivo. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2238. [PMID: 36421424 PMCID: PMC9687047 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common and serious symptom in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Tubular interstitial fibrosis is a common underlying mechanism in the development of lupus nephritis to end-stage renal failure (ESRD). Quercetin is widely proven to prevent tissue fibrosis. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the beneficial effects of quercetin on the inhibition of fibrosis and inflammation pathways in in vitro and in vivo lupus nephritis models. In the current study, MRL/lpr mice as animal models, and HK-2 human renal tubular epithelial cells were stimulated by interleukin-33 (IL-33) to mimic the cellular model of lupus nephritis. Immunohistochemical staining, immunoblotting assay, immunofluorescence staining, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay were used. The in vivo results showed that quercetin improved the renal function and inhibited both fibrosis- and inflammation-related markers in MRL/lpr mice animal models. The in vitro results indicated that quercetin ameliorated the accumulation of fibrosis- and inflammation-related proteins in IL-33-induced HK-2 cells and improved renal cell pyroptosis via the IL33/ST2 pathway. Overall, quercetin can improve LN-related renal fibrosis and inflammation, which may offer an effective potential therapeutic strategy for lupus nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yuan Chen
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fen Chiang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Yong-Han Hong
- Graduate Programs of Nutrition Science, School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106209, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Ming Shieh
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Tsui-Chin Huang
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Mohamed Ali
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Hsin-Yi Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Lee Wang
- Department of Nursing, Ching Kuo Institute of Management and Health, Keelung 20301, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Min Hsia
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- School of Food and Safety, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Digestive Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
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Guo H, Bossila EA, Ma X, Zhao C, Zhao Y. Dual Immune Regulatory Roles of Interleukin-33 in Pathological Conditions. Cells 2022; 11:cells11203237. [PMID: 36291105 PMCID: PMC9600220 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33), a member of the IL-1 cytokine family and a multifunctional cytokine, plays critical roles in maintaining host homeostasis and in pathological conditions, such as allergy, infectious diseases, and cancer, by acting on multiple types of immune cells and promoting type 1 and 2 immune responses. IL-33 is rapidly released by immune and non-immune cells upon stimulation by stress, acting as an “alarmin” by binding to its receptor, suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2), to trigger downstream signaling pathways and activate inflammatory and immune responses. It has been recognized that IL-33 displays dual-functioning immune regulatory effects in many diseases and has both pro- and anti-tumorigenic effects, likely depending on its primary target cells, IL-33/sST2 expression levels, cellular context, and the cytokine microenvironment. Herein, we summarize our current understanding of the biological functions of IL-33 and its roles in the pathogenesis of various conditions, including inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, infections, cancers, and cases of organ transplantation. We emphasize the nature of context-dependent dual immune regulatory functions of IL-33 in many cells and diseases and review systemic studies to understand the distinct roles of IL-33 in different cells, which is essential to the development of more effective diagnoses and therapeutic approaches for IL-33-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101499, China
| | - Elhusseny A. Bossila
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101499, China
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Agriculture Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11311, Egypt
| | - Xinran Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101499, China
| | - Chenxu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101499, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101499, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Beijing 100101, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-64807302; Fax: +86-10-64807313
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Shakerian L, Kolahdooz H, Garousi M, Keyvani V, Kamal Kheder R, Abdulsattar Faraj T, Yazdanpanah E, Esmaeili SA. IL-33/ST2 axis in autoimmune disease. Cytokine 2022; 158:156015. [PMID: 36041312 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.156015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a member of the IL-1 family and plays an ambivalent role in autoimmune diseases. IL-33 signals via the ST2 receptor and drives cytokine production in mast cells, basophils, eosinophils, NK cells, and T lymphocyte cells. The vital role of IL-33 as an active component gives rise to aberrant local and systemic damage which has been demonstrated in numerous inflammatory disorders and immune-mediated pathological conditions including multiple sclerosis (MS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), psoriasis, Sjogren's syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), etc. IL-33/ST2 axis can up-regulate pro-inflammatory cytokine release in autoimmune disease, however, in some metabolic diseases like diabetes mellitus type 1 IL-33 can be considered an anti-inflammatory cytokine. The purpose of this review is to discuss selected studies on IL-33/ST2 axis in autoimmune diseases and its potential role as a pathogenic or protective cytokine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Shakerian
- Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh Kolahdooz
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mitra Garousi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Vahideh Keyvani
- Molecular Genetics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ramiar Kamal Kheder
- Medical Laboratory Science Department, College of Science, University of Raparin, Rania 46012, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq; Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Tola Abdulsattar Faraj
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq; Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Applied Science, Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Esmaeil Yazdanpanah
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed-Alireza Esmaeili
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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10
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IL-33 in autoimmunity; possible therapeutic target. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 108:108887. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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11
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Li Y, Shao Y, He Y, Li Q, Duan L. Potential role of interleukin-33 in systemic lupus erythematosus by regulating toll like receptor 4. EUR J INFLAMM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x221094455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by immune activation and multi-immunologic phenotypes. Interleukin-33 (IL-33) has been shown to be a critical and pleiotropic immunoregulatory mediator in the pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases. At present, there are conflicting findings in the research of IL-33 in SLE. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether and how IL-33 is involved in the occurrence and development of SLE. Methods 43 SLE patients and 43 healthy volunteers were recruited for this study. Serum levels of IL-33, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-21 were measured by ELISA. The expression of IL-33 was investigated in kidney sections by immunohistochemistry in lupus nephritis patients ( n = 5) and controls ( n = 3). The mRNA expressions of Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4), TLR2, and tumorigenicity 2 (ST2)L were quantified in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by real-time PCR. The surface expression of TLR4 on T cells, B cells, monocytes, and neutrophils was assessed by flow cytometry ( n = 22). Mann–Whitney U-test and Spearman’s test were used for statistical analysis. Results Serum concentrations of IL-33 were significantly higher in SLE patients than in healthy controls ( p < 0.0001). IL-33 expressions were positively correlated with IL-4 and IL-6 levels in SLE patients, which play pivotal roles in the autoantibody production. In addition, TLR4 and TLR2 mRNA were markedly increased in PBMCs from SLE patients ( p < 0.05). TLR4 was positively associated with IL-33, while TLR2 was not. Conclusions These results imply that upregulated expression of serum IL-33 together with increased TLR4 in PBMCs may contribute to the pathogenesis of SLE via promotion of inflammatory cytokines production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yijia Shao
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yan He
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Qiugen Li
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lihua Duan
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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12
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Ko H, Kim CJ, Im SH. T Helper 2-Associated Immunity in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Immunol 2022; 13:866549. [PMID: 35444658 PMCID: PMC9014558 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.866549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that mainly affects women in their reproductive years. A complex interaction of environmental and genetic factors leads to the disruption of immune tolerance towards self, causing overt immune activation and production of autoantibodies that attack multiple organs. Kidney damage, termed lupus nephritis, is the leading cause of SLE-related morbidity and mortality. Autoantibodies are central to propagating lupus nephritis through forming immune complexes and triggering complements. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) potently activates complement; therefore, autoantibodies were mainly considered to be of the IgG isotype. However, studies revealed that over 50% of patients produce autoantibodies of the IgE isotype. IgE autoantibodies actively participate in disease pathogenesis as omalizumab treatment, a humanized anti-IgE monoclonal antibody, improved disease severity in an SLE clinical trial. IgE is a hallmark of T helper 2-associated immunity. Thus, T helper 2-associated immunity seems to play a pathogenic role in a subset of SLE patients. This review summarizes human and animal studies that illustrate type 2 immune responses involved during the pathology of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haeun Ko
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea
| | - Chan Johng Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea.,Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Biotech Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea
| | - Sin-Hyeog Im
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea.,Institute for Convergence Research and Education, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,ImmunoBiome Inc., Bio Open Innovation Center, Pohang, South Korea
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13
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Sarrand J, Soyfoo M. Involvement of IL-33 in the Pathophysiology of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063138. [PMID: 35328556 PMCID: PMC8949418 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
IL-33 is a newly discovered cytokine displaying pleiotropic localizations and functions. More specifically, it also functions as an alarmin, following its release from cells undergoing cell death or necrosis, to alert the innate immune system. The role of IL-33 has been underlined in several inflammatory and autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The expressions of IL-33 as well as its receptor, ST2, are significantly upregulated in SLE patients and in patients with lupus nephritis. This review discusses the involvement of IL-33 in the pathology of SLE.
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14
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Wang EY, Dai Y, Rosen CE, Schmitt MM, Dong MX, Ferré EMN, Liu F, Yang Y, González-Hernández JA, Meffre E, Hinchcliff M, Koumpouras F, Lionakis MS, Ring AM. High-throughput identification of autoantibodies that target the human exoproteome. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2022; 2:100172. [PMID: 35360706 PMCID: PMC8967185 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2022.100172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Autoantibodies that recognize extracellular proteins (the exoproteome) exert potent biological effects but are challenging to detect. Here, we developed rapid extracellular antigen profiling (REAP), a high-throughput technique for the comprehensive discovery of exoproteome-targeting autoantibodies. Patient samples are applied to a genetically barcoded yeast surface display library containing 2,688 human extracellular proteins. Antibody-coated yeast are isolated, and sequencing of barcodes is used to identify displayed antigens. To benchmark REAP's performance, we screened 77 patients with autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 1 (APS-1). REAP sensitively and specifically detected both known and previously unidentified autoantibodies in APS-1. We further screened 106 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and identified numerous autoantibodies, several of which were associated with disease severity or specific clinical manifestations and exerted functional effects on cell signaling ex vivo. These findings demonstrate the utility of REAP to atlas the expansive landscape of exoproteome-targeting autoantibodies and their impacts on patient health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Y Wang
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Yile Dai
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Connor E Rosen
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Monica M Schmitt
- Fungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mei X Dong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Elise M N Ferré
- Fungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Feimei Liu
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | | | - Eric Meffre
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Monique Hinchcliff
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Fotios Koumpouras
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Michail S Lionakis
- Fungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Aaron M Ring
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Lead contact
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15
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Venkatadri R, Sabapathy V, Dogan M, Sharma R. Targeting Regulatory T Cells for Therapy of Lupus Nephritis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:806612. [PMID: 35069220 PMCID: PMC8775001 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.806612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lupus glomerulonephritis (LN) is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by circulating autoantibodies, immune-complex deposition, immune dysregulation and defects in regulatory T cell (Tregs). Treatment options rely on general immunosuppressants and steroids that have serious side effects. Approaches to target immune cells, such as B cells in particular, has had limited success and new approaches are being investigated. Defects in Tregs in the setting of autoimmunity is well known and Treg-replacement strategies are currently being explored. The aim of this minireview is to rekindle interest on Treg-targeting strategies. We discuss the existing evidences for Treg-enhancement strategies using key cytokines interleukin (IL)-2, IL-33 and IL-6 that have shown to provide remission in LN. We also discuss strategies for indirect Treg-modulation for protection from LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajkumar Venkatadri
- Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine (CIIR), Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Vikram Sabapathy
- Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine (CIIR), Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Murat Dogan
- Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine (CIIR), Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Rahul Sharma
- Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine (CIIR), Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
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16
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Tan XY, Jing HY, Ma YR. Interleukin-33/ Suppression of Tumorigenicity 2 in Renal Fibrosis: Emerging Roles in Prognosis and Treatment. Front Physiol 2022; 12:792897. [PMID: 35046838 PMCID: PMC8761767 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.792897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health problem that affects more than 10% of the population worldwide and has a high mortality rate. Therefore, it is necessary to identify novel treatment strategies for CKD. Incidentally, renal fibrosis plays a central role in the progression of CKD to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The activation of inflammatory pathways leads to the development of renal fibrosis. In fact, interleukin-33 (IL-33), a newly discovered member of the interleukin 1 (IL-1) cytokine family, is a crucial regulator of the inflammatory process. It exerts pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic effects via the suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2) receptor, which, in turn, activates other inflammatory pathways. Although the role of this pathway in cardiac, pulmonary, and hepatic fibrotic diseases has been extensively studied, its precise role in renal fibrosis has not yet been completely elucidated. Recent studies have shown that a sustained activation of IL-33/ST2 pathway promotes the development of renal fibrosis. However, with prolonged research in this field, it is expected that the IL-33/ST2 pathway will be used as a diagnostic and prognostic tool for renal diseases. In addition, the IL-33/ST2 pathway seems to be a new target for the future treatment of CKD. Here, we review the mechanisms and potential applications of the IL-33/ST2 pathway in renal fibrosis; such that it can help clinicians and researchers to explore effective treatment options and develop novel medicines for CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yang Tan
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao-Yue Jing
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue-Rong Ma
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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17
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Georgakis S, Gkirtzimanaki K, Papadaki G, Gakiopoulou H, Drakos E, Eloranta ML, Makridakis M, Kontostathi G, Zoidakis J, Baira E, Rönnblom L, Boumpas DT, Sidiropoulos P, Verginis P, Bertsias G. NETs decorated with bioactive IL-33 infiltrate inflamed tissues and induce IFN-α production in patients with SLE. JCI Insight 2021; 6:147671. [PMID: 34554930 PMCID: PMC8663547 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.147671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-33, a nuclear alarmin released during cell death, exerts context-specific effects on adaptive and innate immune cells, eliciting potent inflammatory responses. We screened blood, skin, and kidney tissues from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a systemic autoimmune disease driven by unabated type I IFN production, and found increased amounts of extracellular IL-33 complexed with neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), correlating with severe, active disease. Using a combination of molecular, imaging, and proteomic approaches, we show that SLE neutrophils, activated by disease immunocomplexes, release IL-33–decorated NETs that stimulate robust IFN-α synthesis by plasmacytoid DCs in a manner dependent on the IL-33 receptor ST2L. IL33-silenced neutrophil-like cells cultured under lupus-inducing conditions generated NETs with diminished interferogenic effect. Importantly, NETs derived from patients with SLE are enriched in mature bioactive isoforms of IL-33 processed by the neutrophil proteases elastase and cathepsin G. Pharmacological inhibition of these proteases neutralized IL-33–dependent IFN-α production elicited by NETs. We believe these data demonstrate a novel role for cleaved IL-33 alarmin decorating NETs in human SLE, linking neutrophil activation, type I IFN production, and end-organ inflammation, with skin pathology mirroring that observed in the kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spiros Georgakis
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, Autoimmunity and Inflammation, University of Crete, Medical School, Iraklio, Greece.,Infections and Immunity, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Iraklio, Greece
| | - Katerina Gkirtzimanaki
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, Autoimmunity and Inflammation, University of Crete, Medical School, Iraklio, Greece.,Infections and Immunity, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Iraklio, Greece
| | - Garyfalia Papadaki
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, Autoimmunity and Inflammation, University of Crete, Medical School, Iraklio, Greece.,Infections and Immunity, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Iraklio, Greece
| | - Hariklia Gakiopoulou
- 1st Department of Pathology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Elias Drakos
- Department of Pathology, University of Crete, Medical School, Iraklio, Greece
| | - Maija-Leena Eloranta
- Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Manousos Makridakis
- Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Kontostathi
- Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Jerome Zoidakis
- Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eirini Baira
- Laboratory of Toxicological Assessment of Pesticides, Scientific Directorate of Pesticides Assessment and Phytopharmacy, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Athens, Greece
| | - Lars Rönnblom
- Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dimitrios T Boumpas
- Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery & Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Joint Rheumatology Program and 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Prodromos Sidiropoulos
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, Autoimmunity and Inflammation, University of Crete, Medical School, Iraklio, Greece.,Infections and Immunity, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Iraklio, Greece
| | - Panayotis Verginis
- Infections and Immunity, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Iraklio, Greece.,Laboratory of Immune Regulation and Tolerance, University of Crete, Medical School, Iraklio, Greece
| | - George Bertsias
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, Autoimmunity and Inflammation, University of Crete, Medical School, Iraklio, Greece.,Infections and Immunity, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Iraklio, Greece
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18
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Dong Y, Zhong J, Dong L. IL-33 in Rheumatic Diseases. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:739489. [PMID: 34589505 PMCID: PMC8473687 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.739489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a nuclear factor mainly expressed in barrier epithelium, endothelial cells, and fibroblast reticular cells. Some inflammatory cells also express IL-33 under certain conditions. The important role of IL-33 in allergic reactions, helminth infection, cancer, tissue fibrosis, chronic inflammation, organ transplantation, and rheumatic immune diseases has been extensively studied in recent years. IL-33 primarily activates various circulating and tissue-resident immune cells, including mast cell, group 2 innate lymphoid cell (ILC2), regulatory T cell (Treg), T helper 2 cell (Th2), natural killer cell (NK cell), and macrophage. Therefore, IL-33 plays an immunomodulatory role and shows pleiotropic activity in different immune microenvironments. The IL-33/serum stimulation-2 (ST2) axis has been shown to have a detrimental effect on rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and other rheumatic diseases. Interestingly, IL-33 also plays a protective role in the repair of barrier epithelium and the activation of Tregs. Therefore, the role of IL-33/ST2 depends on the underlying pathological conditions in rheumatic diseases. This review focuses on the dual role of the IL-33/ST2 axis in rheumatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanji Dong
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jixin Zhong
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingli Dong
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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19
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Han MM, Yuan XR, Shi X, Zhu XY, Su Y, Xiong DK, Zhang XM, Zhou H, Wang JN. The Pathological Mechanism and Potential Application of IL-38 in Autoimmune Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:732790. [PMID: 34539413 PMCID: PMC8443783 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.732790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-38 (IL-38), a new cytokine of interleukin-1 family (IL-1F), is expressed in the human heart, kidney, skin, etc. Recently, new evidence indicated that IL-38 is involved in the process of different autoimmune diseases. Autoimmune diseases are a cluster of diseases accompanied with tissue damage caused by autoimmune reactions, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriasis, etc. This review summarized the links between IL-38 and autoimmune diseases, as well as the latest knowledge about the function and regulatory mechanism of IL-38 in autoimmune diseases. Especially, this review focused on the differentiation of immune cells and explore future prospects, such as the application of IL-38 in new technologies. Understanding the function of IL-38 is helpful to shed light on the progress of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao-Miao Han
- School of Health Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xin-Rong Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiang Shi
- School of Health Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xing-Yu Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.,National Drug Clinical Trial Institution, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Yue Su
- National Drug Clinical Trial Institution, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.,Public Basic College, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - De-Kai Xiong
- School of Health Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xing-Min Zhang
- School of Health Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Huan Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.,National Drug Clinical Trial Institution, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Ji-Nian Wang
- Department of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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20
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Sakai R, Ito M, Komai K, Iizuka-Koga M, Matsuo K, Nakayama T, Yoshie O, Amano K, Nishimasu H, Nureki O, Kubo M, Yoshimura A. Kidney GATA3 + regulatory T cells play roles in the convalescence stage after antibody-mediated renal injury. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:1249-1261. [PMID: 32917984 PMCID: PMC8093306 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-020-00547-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) play crucial roles in peripheral immune tolerance. In addition, Tregs that reside or accumulate in nonlymphoid tissues, called tissue Tregs, exhibit tissue-specific functions and contribute to the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and repair. In an experimental mouse model of crescentic glomerulonephritis induced by an anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody, Tregs started to accumulate in the kidney on day 10 of disease onset and remained at high levels (~30-35% of CD4+ T cells) during the late stage (days 21-90), which correlated with stable disease control. Treg depletion on day 21 resulted in the relapse of renal dysfunction and an increase in Th1 cells, suggesting that Tregs are essential for disease control during the convalescence stage. The Tregs that accumulated in the kidney showed tissue Treg phenotypes, including high expression of GATA3, ST2 (the IL33 receptor subunit), amphiregulin (Areg), and PPARγ. Although T-bet+ Tregs and RORγt+ Tregs were observed in the kidney, GATA3+ Tregs were predominant during the convalescence stage, and a PPARγ agonist enhanced the accumulation of GATA3+ Tregs in the kidney. To understand the function of specific genes in kidney Tregs, we developed a novel T cell transfer system to T cell-deficient mice. This experiment demonstrates that ST2, Areg, and CCR4 in Tregs play important roles in the accumulation of GATA3+ Tregs in the kidney and in the amelioration of renal injury. Our data suggest that GATA3 is important for the recruitment of Tregs into the kidney, which is necessary for convalescence after renal tissue destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Sakai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe, 350-8550, Japan.
| | - Minako Ito
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kyoko Komai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Mana Iizuka-Koga
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Matsuo
- Division of Chemotherapy, Kindai University Faculty of Pharmacy, Higashi-Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakayama
- Division of Chemotherapy, Kindai University Faculty of Pharmacy, Higashi-Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Osamu Yoshie
- The Health and Kampo Institute, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-3205, Japan
| | - Koichi Amano
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe, 350-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishimasu
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Osamu Nureki
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Masato Kubo
- Center for Animal Disease Models, Research Institute for Biomedical Science, Tokyo University of Science, 2669 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba, 278-0022, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yoshimura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
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21
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Zarfeshani A, Carroll KR, Volpe BT, Diamond B. Cognitive Impairment in SLE: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2021; 23:25. [PMID: 33782842 PMCID: PMC11207197 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-021-00992-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A wide range of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) suffer from cognitive dysfunction (CD) which severely impacts their quality of life. However, CD remains underdiagnosed and poorly understood. Here, we discuss current findings in patients and in animal models. Strong evidence suggests that CD pathogenesis involves known mechanisms of tissue injury in SLE. These mechanisms recruit brain resident cells, in particular microglia, into the pathological process. While systemic immune activation is critical to central nervous system injury, the current focus of therapy is the microglial cell and not the systemic immune perturbation. Further studies are critical to examine additional potential therapeutic targets and more specific treatments based on the cause and progress of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Zarfeshani
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Kaitlin R Carroll
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Bruce T Volpe
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Betty Diamond
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
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22
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Jiang L, Shao Y, Tian Y, Ouyang C, Wang X. Nuclear Alarmin Cytokines in Inflammation. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:7206451. [PMID: 33344656 PMCID: PMC7732391 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7206451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are some nonspecific and highly conserved molecular structures of exogenous specific microbial pathogens, whose products can be recognized by pattern recognition receptor (PRR) on innate immune cells and induce an inflammatory response. Under physiological stress, activated or damaged cells might release some endogenous proteins that can also bind to PRR and cause a harmful aseptic inflammatory response. These endogenous proteins were named damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) or alarmins. Indeed, alarmins can also play a beneficial role in the tissue repair in certain environments. Besides, some alarmin cytokines have been reported to have both nuclear and extracellular effects. This group of proteins includes high-mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1), interleukin (IL)-33, IL-1α, IL-1F7b, and IL-16. In this article, we review the involvement of nuclear alarmins such as HMGB1, IL-33, and IL-1α under physiological state or stress state and suggest a novel activity of these molecules as central initiators in the development of sterile inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yijia Shao
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yao Tian
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Changsheng Ouyang
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- Geriatric Medical Center, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, China
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23
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Mohd Jaya FN, Liu Z, Chan GCF. Early Treatment of Interleukin-33 can Attenuate Lupus Development in Young NZB/W F1 Mice. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112448. [PMID: 33182616 PMCID: PMC7696801 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33), a member of the IL-1 cytokine family, has been recently associated with the development of autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). IL-33 is an alarmin and a pleiotropic cytokine that affects various types of immune cells via binding to its receptor, ST2. In this study, we determine the impact of intraperitoneal IL-33 treatments in young lupus, NZB/W F1 mice. Mice were treated from the age of 6 to 11 weeks. We then assessed the proteinuria level, renal damage, survival rate, and anti-dsDNA antibodies. The induction of regulatory B (Breg) cells, changes in the level of autoantibodies, and gene expression were also examined. In comparison to the control group, young NZB/W F1 mice administered with IL-33 had a better survival rate as well as reduced proteinuria level and lupus nephritis. IL-33 treatments significantly increased the level of IgM anti-dsDNA antibodies, IL-10 expressing Breg cells, and alternatively-induced M2 macrophage gene signatures. These results imply that IL-33 exhibits a regulatory role during lupus onset via the expansion of protective IgM anti-dsDNA as well as regulatory cells such as Breg cells and M2 macrophages.
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24
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Karnopp TE, Chapacais GF, Freitas EC, Monticielo OA. Lupus animal models and neuropsychiatric implications. Clin Rheumatol 2020; 40:2535-2545. [PMID: 33155159 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-020-05493-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) that involves neurological complications is known as neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE). Research in humans is difficult due to the disease's great heterogeneity. Animal models are a resource for new discoveries. In this review, we examine experimental models of lupus that present neuropsychiatric manifestations. Spontaneous animal models such as NZB/W F1 and MRL/lpr are commonly used in NPSLE research; these models present few SLE symptoms compared to induced animal models, such as pristane-induced lupus (PIL). The PIL model is known to present eight of the main clinical and laboratory manifestations of SLE described by the American College of Rheumatology. Many cytokines associated with NPSLE are expressed in the PIL model, such as IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN. However, to date, NPSLE manifestations have been poorly studied in the PIL model. In this review article, we discuss whether the PIL model can mimic neuropsychiatric manifestations of SLE. Key Points • PIL model have a strong interferon signature. • Animals with PIL express learning and memory deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís Evelyn Karnopp
- Laboratório de Doenças Autoimunes, Divisão de Reumatologia, Centro de Pesquisas Experimentais, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, sala 12109, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil. .,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina: Ciências Médicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. .,Serviço de Reumatologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Gustavo Flores Chapacais
- Laboratório de Doenças Autoimunes, Divisão de Reumatologia, Centro de Pesquisas Experimentais, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, sala 12109, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil.,Serviço de Reumatologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Curso de Graduação em Biomedicina, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Correa Freitas
- Laboratório de Doenças Autoimunes, Divisão de Reumatologia, Centro de Pesquisas Experimentais, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, sala 12109, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil.,Serviço de Reumatologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Odirlei André Monticielo
- Laboratório de Doenças Autoimunes, Divisão de Reumatologia, Centro de Pesquisas Experimentais, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, sala 12109, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina: Ciências Médicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Serviço de Reumatologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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25
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Duez C, Gross B, Marquillies P, Ledroit V, Ryffel B, Glineur C. Regulation of IL (Interleukin)-33 Production in Endothelial Cells via Kinase Activation and Fas/CD95 Upregulation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:2619-2631. [PMID: 32907372 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.314832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The occurrence of new blood vessel formation in the lungs of asthmatic patients suggests a critical role for airway endothelial cells (ECs) in the disease. IL-33 (Interleukin-33)-a cytokine abundantly expressed in human lung ECs-recently emerged as a key factor in the development of allergic diseases, including asthma. In the present study, we evaluated whether mouse and human ECs exposed to the common Dermatophagoides farinae allergen produce IL-33 and characterized the activated signaling pathways. Approach and Results: Mouse primary lung ECs were exposed in vitro to D farinae extract or rmIL-33 (recombinant murine IL-33). Both D farinae and rmIL-33 induced Il-33 transcription without increasing the IL-33 production and upregulated the expression of its receptor, as well as genes involved in angiogenesis and the regulation of immune responses. In particular, D farinae and rmIL-33 upregulated Fas/Cd95 transcript level, yet without promoting apoptosis. Inhibition of caspases involved in the Fas signaling pathway, increased IL-33 protein level in ECs, suggesting that Fas may decrease IL-33 level through caspase-8-dependent mechanisms. Our data also showed that the NF-κB (nuclear factor-κB), PI3K/Akt, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways regulate Il-33 transcription in both mouse and human primary ECs. CONCLUSIONS Herein, we described a new mechanism involved in the control of IL-33 production in lung ECs exposed to allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Duez
- CNRS UMR 9017, Inserm U1019, CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille (C.D., P.M., V.L., C.G.), CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University Lille, France
| | - Barbara Gross
- Inserm U1011-EGID (B.G.), CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University Lille, France
| | - Philippe Marquillies
- CNRS UMR 9017, Inserm U1019, CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille (C.D., P.M., V.L., C.G.), CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University Lille, France
| | - Valérie Ledroit
- CNRS UMR 9017, Inserm U1019, CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille (C.D., P.M., V.L., C.G.), CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University Lille, France
| | - Bernhard Ryffel
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental Immunology and Neurogenetics, CNRS UMR 7355, University of Orleans, France (B.R.)
| | - Corine Glineur
- CNRS UMR 9017, Inserm U1019, CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille (C.D., P.M., V.L., C.G.), CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University Lille, France
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26
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The role of the IL-33/ST2 axis in autoimmune disorders: Friend or foe? Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2019; 50:60-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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27
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Murdaca G, Greco M, Tonacci A, Negrini S, Borro M, Puppo F, Gangemi S. IL-33/IL-31 Axis in Immune-Mediated and Allergic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5856. [PMID: 31766607 PMCID: PMC6929191 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Several allergic and immunologic diseases including asthma, food allergy (FA), chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), atopic dermatitis (AD), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and Behçet's disease (BD) are characterized by the involvement of Th2 immunity. Several mediators lead to immunoglobulin (Ig)E production, thus including key cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13. Among them, IL-31 and IL-33 have been recently studied as novel biomarkers and future therapeutic targets for allergic and immunological disorders. IL-31 is a proinflammatory cytokine-it regulates cell proliferation and is involved in tissue remodeling. IL-33, acting through its receptor suppression of tumorigenity (ST2L), is an alarmin cytokine from the IL-1 family, whose expression is mediated by tissue damage. The latter has a pleiotropic effect, as it may modulate specific and innate immune cells functions. To date, several researchers have investigated the involvement of IL-31 and IL-33 in several allergic and immune-mediated diseases. Further studies are needed to understand the future applications of these molecules as novel therapeutic agents. This paper aims to give the readers a complete and updated review of IL-31 and IL-33 involvement among the most common autoimmune and allergic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Murdaca
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy (S.N.); (M.B.); (F.P.)
| | - Monica Greco
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy (S.N.); (M.B.); (F.P.)
| | - Alessandro Tonacci
- Clinical Physiology Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IFC-CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Simone Negrini
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy (S.N.); (M.B.); (F.P.)
| | - Matteo Borro
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy (S.N.); (M.B.); (F.P.)
| | - Francesco Puppo
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy (S.N.); (M.B.); (F.P.)
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
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28
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Adamichou C, Georgakis S, Bertsias G. Cytokine targets in lupus nephritis: Current and future prospects. Clin Immunol 2019; 206:42-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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29
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Consonni FM, Porta C, Marino A, Pandolfo C, Mola S, Bleve A, Sica A. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells: Ductile Targets in Disease. Front Immunol 2019; 10:949. [PMID: 31130949 PMCID: PMC6509569 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) represent a heterogeneous population of immature myeloid cells with major regulatory functions and rise during pathological conditions, including cancer, infections and autoimmune conditions. MDSC expansion is generally linked to inflammatory processes that emerge in response to stable immunological stress, which alter both magnitude and quality of the myelopoietic output. Inability to reinstate physiological myelopoiesis would fall in an “emergency state” that perpetually reprograms myeloid cells toward suppressive functions. While differentiation and reprogramming of myeloid cells toward an immunosuppressive phenotype can be considered the result of a multistep process that originates in the bone marrow and culminates in the tumor microenvironment, the identification of its driving events may offer potential therapeutic approaches in different pathologies. Indeed, whereas expansion of MDSCs, in both murine and human tumor bearers, results in reduced immune surveillance and antitumor cytotoxicity, placing an obstacle to the effectiveness of anticancer therapies, adoptive transfer of MDSCs has shown therapeutic benefits in autoimmune disorders. Here, we describe relevant mechanisms of myeloid cell reprogramming leading to generation of suppressive MDSCs and discuss their therapeutic ductility in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chiara Porta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro", Novara, Italy.,Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD), University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Arianna Marino
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro", Novara, Italy
| | - Chiara Pandolfo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro", Novara, Italy
| | - Silvia Mola
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro", Novara, Italy.,Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD), University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Augusto Bleve
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro", Novara, Italy
| | - Antonio Sica
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro", Novara, Italy
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30
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Interaction between IL-33 Gene Polymorphisms and Current Smoking with Susceptibility to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. J Immunol Res 2019; 2019:1547578. [PMID: 30984790 PMCID: PMC6432724 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1547578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims This study is aimed at exploring the relation between IL-33 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods SNPStats (online software) was used to test the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in controls. Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) was adopted to screen the preferable interaction between IL-33 SNPs and current smoking. Results Logistic regression analysis based on the fundamental data of age, gender, BMI, current smoking, and alcohol drinking showed that both rs1929992-G and rs1891385-C alleles were correlated with an increasing risk of SLE, the ORs (95% CI) of which were 1.62 (1.21-2.05) and 1.64 (1.22-2.10), respectively. One two-locus model (rs1929992×current smoking) had a testing accuracy of 60.11% (P = 0.0010). Through an overall multidimensional model, optimum cross-validation consistency was obtained. The analysis indicated that current smoking status influenced the SLE risk depending on the genotypes at rs1929992. Pairwise LD analysis indicated that haplotype rs1929992G-rs7044343T was statistically related to the elevating risk of SLE (P < 0.05). Those subjects with the G-T haplotype had a higher SLE risk than those with other haplotypes, after correction with factors, including gender, alcohol drinking, age, BMI, and current smoking. Conclusions The rs1929992-G and rs1891385-C allele, interaction between the rs1929992 gene and current smoking, and haplotype rs1929992G-rs7044343T were all risk factors of SLE.
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31
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Rose WA, Okragly AJ, Hu NN, Daniels MR, Martin AP, Koh YT, Kikly K, Benschop RJ. Interleukin-33 Contributes Toward Loss of Tolerance by Promoting B-Cell-Activating Factor of the Tumor-Necrosis-Factor Family (BAFF)-Dependent Autoantibody Production. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2871. [PMID: 30574145 PMCID: PMC6292404 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Breaking tolerance is a key event leading to autoimmunity, but the exact mechanisms responsible for this remain uncertain. Here we show that the alarmin IL-33 is able to drive the generation of autoantibodies through induction of the B cell survival factor BAFF. A temporary, short-term increase in IL-33 results in a primary (IgM) response to self-antigens. This transient DNA-specific autoantibody response was dependent on the induction of BAFF. Notably, radiation resistant cells and not myeloid cells, such as neutrophils or dendritic cells were the major source of BAFF and were critical in driving the autoantibody response. Chronic exposure to IL-33 elicited dramatic increases in BAFF levels and resulted in elevated numbers of B and T follicular helper cells as well as germinal center formation. We also observed class-switching from an IgM to an IgG DNA-specific autoantibody response. Collectively, the results provide novel insights into a potential mechanism for breaking immune-tolerance via IL-33-mediated induction of BAFF.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Rose
- Immunology Research, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Angela J Okragly
- Immunology Research, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Ningjie N Hu
- Immunology Research, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Montanea R Daniels
- Immunology Research, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Andrea P Martin
- Immunology Research, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Yi Ting Koh
- Immunology Research, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Kristine Kikly
- Immunology Research, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Robert J Benschop
- Immunology Research, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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32
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Düster M, Becker M, Gnirck AC, Wunderlich M, Panzer U, Turner JE. T cell-derived IFN-γ downregulates protective group 2 innate lymphoid cells in murine lupus erythematosus. Eur J Immunol 2018; 48:1364-1375. [PMID: 29671873 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201747303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are important regulators of the immune response and play a crucial role in the restoration of tissue homeostasis after injury. GATA-3+ IL-13- and IL-5-producing group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) have been shown to promote tissue repair in barrier organs, but despite extensive research on ILCs in the recent years, their potential role in autoimmune diseases is still incompletely understood. In the present study, we investigate the role of ILC2s in the MRL/MpJ-Faslpr (MRL-lpr) mouse model for severe organ manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We show that in these MRL-lpr mice, progression of lupus nephritis is accompanied with a reduction of ILC2 abundance in the inflamed renal tissue. Proliferation/survival and cytokine production of kidney-residing ILC2s was suppressed by IFN-γ and, to a lesser extent, by IL-27 which were produced by activated T cells and myeloid cells in the nephritic kidney, respectively. Most importantly, restoration of ILC2 numbers by IL-33-mediated expansion ameliorated lupus nephritis and prevented mortality in MRL-lpr mice. In summary, we show here that development of SLE-like kidney inflammation leads to a downregulation of the renal ILC2 response and identify an ILC2-expanding therapy as a promising treatment approach for autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathis Düster
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina Becker
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ann-Christin Gnirck
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Malte Wunderlich
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulf Panzer
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Eric Turner
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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33
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IL-33/IL-31 Axis: A Potential Inflammatory Pathway. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:3858032. [PMID: 29713240 PMCID: PMC5866851 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3858032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokines play an important role in the regulation of the immune system (adaptive and innate). Given their importance in proinflammatory processes, cytokines have been used for understanding the pathogenesis and as biomarkers in many diseases. IL-31 and IL-33 are still considered novel cytokines. IL-31 controls signalling and regulates a huge amount of biological functions: it induces proinflammatory cytokines, regulates cell proliferation, and is involved also in tissue remodelling. On the other hand, IL-33 has been identified as an “alarmin” released from the epithelial cells and from different human tissues and organs after a damage following, that is, an inflammatory process. The aim of this literature review is to strengthen the hypothesis about an IL-31/IL-33 axis by evaluating the most recent studies linking these two cytokines. Literature data showed that, in many cases, IL-31 and IL-33 are linked to each other and that their expression is correlated with disease severity. The presence of one interleukin might stimulate the induction of the other, amplifying inflammation and the consequent detrimental processes. In a near future, influencing their balance could be helpful in modulating the first responses of the immune system in order to prevent the development of many inflammation-related diseases.
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34
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Ravichandran K, Holditch S, Brown CN, Wang Q, Ozkok A, Weiser-Evans MC, Nemenoff R, Miyazaki M, Thiessen-Philbrook H, Parikh CR, Ljubanovic D, Edelstein CL. IL-33 deficiency slows cancer growth but does not protect against cisplatin-induced AKI in mice with cancer. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2018; 314:F356-F366. [PMID: 29070568 PMCID: PMC5899219 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00040.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of IL-33 deficiency on acute kidney injury (AKI) and cancer growth in a 4-wk model of cisplatin-induced AKI in mice with cancer was determined. Mice were injected subcutaneously with murine lung cancer cells. Ten days later, cisplatin (10 mg·kg-¹·wk-¹) was administered weekly for 4 wk. The increase in kidney IL-33 preceded the AKI and tubular injury, suggesting that IL-33 may play a causative role. However, the increase in serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipoprotein, acute tubular necrosis, and apoptosis scores in the kidney in cisplatin-induced AKI was the same in wild-type and IL-33-deficient mice. There was an increase in kidney expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines CXCL1 and TNF-α, known mediators of cisplatin-induced AKI, in IL-33-deficient mice. Surprisingly, tumor weight, tumor volume, and tumor growth were significantly decreased in IL-33-deficient mice, and the effect of cisplatin on tumors was enhanced in IL-33-deficient mice. As serum IL-33 was increased in cisplatin-induced AKI in mice, it was determined whether serum IL-33 is an early biomarker of AKI in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Immediate postoperative serum IL-33 concentrations were higher in matched AKI cases compared with non-AKI controls. In conclusion, even though the cancer grows slower in IL-33-deficient mice, the data that IL-33 deficiency does not protect against AKI in a clinically relevant model suggest that IL-33 inhibition may not be useful to attenuate AKI in patients with cancer. However, serum IL-33 may serve as a biomarker of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kameswaran Ravichandran
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado at Denver , Aurora, Colorado
| | - Sara Holditch
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado at Denver , Aurora, Colorado
| | - Carolyn N Brown
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado at Denver , Aurora, Colorado
| | - Qian Wang
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado at Denver , Aurora, Colorado
| | - Abdullah Ozkok
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado at Denver , Aurora, Colorado
| | - Mary C Weiser-Evans
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado at Denver , Aurora, Colorado
| | - Raphael Nemenoff
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado at Denver , Aurora, Colorado
| | - Makoto Miyazaki
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado at Denver , Aurora, Colorado
| | - Heather Thiessen-Philbrook
- Program of Applied Translational Research, Department of Medicine, Yale University , New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Chirag R Parikh
- Program of Applied Translational Research, Department of Medicine, Yale University , New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Danica Ljubanovic
- University of Zagreb School of Medicine and Dubrava University Hospital , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Charles L Edelstein
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado at Denver , Aurora, Colorado
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Italiani P, Manca ML, Angelotti F, Melillo D, Pratesi F, Puxeddu I, Boraschi D, Migliorini P. IL-1 family cytokines and soluble receptors in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Res Ther 2018; 20:27. [PMID: 29422069 PMCID: PMC5806463 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-018-1525-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dysregulated production of cytokines has a critical role in systemic lupus. The aim of this work is to identify, by a comprehensive analysis of IL-1 family cytokines and receptors in serum, correlation between cytokines/receptors’ levels and the clinical and serological features of the disease. Methods A full clinical evaluation was performed in 74 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). C3, C4, anti-dsDNA and anti-C1q antibodies were measured. Cytokines of the IL-1 family (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-33, IL-18), soluble receptors (sIL-1R1, sIL-1R2, sIL-1R3, ST2/sIL-1R4) and antagonists (IL-1Ra, IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BP)) were measured in serum by multiarray ELISA. Free IL-18 was calculated as the amount of IL-18 not inhibited by IL-18BP. Data were analysed by non-parametric tests and by multivariate analysis, using partial least squares (PLS) models. Results Total IL-18, IL-18BP, sIL-1R4 and IL-1Ra levels were higher in SLE vs. controls. Total and free IL-18 and sIL-1R4 were higher in patients with active vs. inactive disease and correlated with ECLAM, anti-C1q and anti-dsDNA antibodies. sIL-1R2 was higher in patients with inactive disease, was negatively correlated with ECLAM and anti-C1q antibodies and was positively correlated with C3 levels. PLS identified sIL-1R4, sIL-1R2 and anti-dsDNA as variables distinguishing patients with active from those with inactive disease; sIL-1R4, IL-18BP and anti-dsDNA identified patients with active nephritis; sIL-1R4, C3, IL-18 and free IL-18 identified patients with haematological involvement. Conclusion The data support the use of IL-18, sIL-1R2 and sIL-1R4 as biomarkers of disease activity and organ involvement, and suggest that failure in the inhibition of IL-1 activation may be a critical event in the active stages of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Italiani
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Manca
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Angelotti
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Daniela Melillo
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Federico Pratesi
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ilaria Puxeddu
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Diana Boraschi
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Migliorini
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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36
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Alikhan MA, Huynh M, Kitching AR, Ooi JD. Regulatory T cells in renal disease. Clin Transl Immunology 2018; 7:e1004. [PMID: 29484182 PMCID: PMC5822411 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The kidney is vulnerable to injury, both acute and chronic from a variety of immune and metabolic insults, all of which at least to some degree involve inflammation. Regulatory T cells modulate systemic autoimmune and allogenic responses in glomerulonephritis and transplantation. Intrarenal regulatory T cells (Tregs), including those recruited to the kidney, have suppressive effects on both adaptive and innate immune cells, and probably also intrinsic kidney cells. Evidence from autoimmune glomerulonephritis implicates antigen-specific Tregs in HLA-mediated dominant protection, while in several human renal diseases Tregs are abnormal in number or phenotype. Experimentally, Tregs can protect the kidney from injury in a variety of renal diseases. Mechanisms of Treg recruitment to the kidney include via the chemokine receptors CCR6 and CXCR3 and potentially, at least in innate injury TLR9. The effects of Tregs may be context dependent, with evidence for roles for immunoregulatory roles both for endogenous Tbet-expressing Tregs and STAT-3-expressing Tregs in experimental glomerulonephritis. Most experimental work and some of the ongoing human trials in renal transplantation have focussed on unfractionated thymically derived Tregs (tTregs). However, induced Tregs (iTregs), type 1 regulatory T (Tr1) cells and in particular antigen-specific Tregs also have therapeutic potential not only in renal transplantation, but also in other kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maliha A Alikhan
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases Department of Medicine Monash University Monash Medical Centre Clayton Victoria Australia
| | - Megan Huynh
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases Department of Medicine Monash University Monash Medical Centre Clayton Victoria Australia
| | - A Richard Kitching
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases Department of Medicine Monash University Monash Medical Centre Clayton Victoria Australia.,Department of Nephrology Monash Health Clayton VIC Australia.,Department of Paediatric Nephrology Monash Health Clayton VIC Australia
| | - Joshua D Ooi
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases Department of Medicine Monash University Monash Medical Centre Clayton Victoria Australia
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Wen L, Gong P, Liang C, Shou D, Liu B, Chen Y, Bao C, Chen L, Liu X, Liang T, Gong W. Interplay between myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and Th17 cells: foe or friend? Oncotarget 2018; 7:35490-6. [PMID: 27007054 PMCID: PMC5085246 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and Th17 cells were first discovered in the fields of cancer and autoimmunity, respectively. In recent years, their activities have been explored in other biological and pathological conditions, such as infective diseases and solid organ transplantation. However, the interplay between MDSCs and Th17 cells and the mechanism of their interaction remain obscure. This review summarized and analyzed the relationship between MDSCs and Th17 cells, both of which participate in tumor, autoimmune disease, infection and other conditions. In tumors, the increase in MDSCs at the tumor site is usually accompanied by the accumulation of Th17 cells. However, their relationship is inconsistent in different tumors. In arthritic mice or rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, an increase in MDSCs, which could ameliorate disease symptoms, causes decreased IL-17A gene expression and Th17 cells accumulation. Furthermore, we concluded that the interaction between MDSCs and Th17 cells is mainly mediated by cytokines. However, the mechanisms require further investigation. Determining the details of their interplay will provide a better understanding of immune networks and could lead to the development of immunotherapeutic strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wen
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Gong
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi City, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Liang
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Dawei Shou
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoqing Liu
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiwen Chen
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Changqian Bao
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Second Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihua Gong
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, People's Republic of China
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Hiraide S, Yanagawa Y, Iizuka K. Tranilast inhibits interleukin-33 production by macrophages. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 818:235-240. [PMID: 29107673 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tranilast is an anti-allergy medication that inhibits the release of chemical mediators such as histamine. However, the mechanisms underlying its anti-allergy effects are not fully understood. Interleukin (IL)-33, a novel member of the IL-1 cytokine family, promotes T helper type 2 immune responses and plays a pathogenic role in allergic disorders. In the present study, we examined the effects of tranilast on IL-33 production by RAW264.7 macrophages. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) increased both IL-33 mRNA expression and IL-33 protein synthesis. Tranilast significantly inhibited LPS-induced IL-33 protein production by RAW264.7 macrophages in a dose-dependent manner; these same effects were observed on IL-33 mRNA levels in RAW264.7 macrophages and a primary culture of macrophages. LPS markedly activated Akt in RAW264.7 macrophages, whereas tranilast suppressed LPS-induced Akt activation. The effects of tranilast on Akt activation appeared to be responsible for the decrease in IL-33 production. Our present findings suggest that the inhibition of IL-33 production by tranilast might contribute to the anti-allergy effects of this medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Hiraide
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Kanazawa 1757, Ishikari-Tobetsu 061-0293, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Yanagawa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Kanazawa 1757, Ishikari-Tobetsu 061-0293, Japan.
| | - Kenji Iizuka
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Kanazawa 1757, Ishikari-Tobetsu 061-0293, Japan
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Biliary epithelial injury-induced regenerative response by IL-33 promotes cholangiocarcinogenesis from peribiliary glands. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E3806-E3815. [PMID: 28439013 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1619416114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The carcinogenic mechanism of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC) is unclear, due at least in part to the lack of an appropriate mouse model. Because human studies have reported frequent genetic alterations in the Ras- and TGFβ/SMAD-signaling pathways in ECC, mice with tamoxifen-inducible, duct-cell-specific Kras activation and a TGFβ receptor type 2 (TGFβR2) deletion were first generated by crossing LSL-KrasG12D , Tgfbr2flox/flox , and K19CreERT mice (KT-K19CreERT ). However, KT-K19CreERT mice showed only mild hyperplasia of biliary epithelial cells (BECs) in the extrahepatic bile duct (EHBD) and died within 7 wk, probably a result of lung adenocarcinomas. Next, to analyze the additional effect of E-cadherin loss, KT-K19CreERT mice were crossed with CDH1flox/flox mice (KTC-K19CreERT ). Surprisingly, KTC-K19CreERT mice exhibited a markedly thickened EHBD wall accompanied by a swollen gallbladder within 4 wk after tamoxifen administration. Histologically, invasive periductal infiltrating-type ECC with lymphatic metastasis was observed. Time-course analysis of EHBD revealed that recombined BECs lining the bile duct lumen detached due to E-cadherin loss, whereas recombined cells could survive in the peribiliary glands (PBGs), which are considered a BEC stem-cell niche. Detached dying BECs released high levels of IL-33, as determined by microarray analysis using biliary organoids, and stimulated inflammation and a regenerative response by PBGs, leading eventually to ECC development. Cell lineage tracing suggested PBGs as the cellular origin of ECC. IL-33 cooperated with Kras and TGFβR2 mutations in the development of ECC, and anti-IL-33 treatment suppressed ECC development significantly. Thus, this mouse model provided insight into the carcinogenic mechanisms, cellular origin, and potential therapeutic targets of ECC.
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Emerging Roles of IL-33/ST2 Axis in Renal Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18040783. [PMID: 28387719 PMCID: PMC5412367 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal diseases, including acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), have a great impact on health care systems worldwide. Similar to cardiovascular diseases, renal diseases are inflammatory diseases involving a variety of cytokines. Primary causes of renal injury include ischemia, uremic toxins, bacteremia, or nephrotoxicity. Inflammation represents an important component following kidney injury. Interleukin (IL)-33 is a member of the IL-1 cytokine family, which is widely expressed in epithelial barrier tissues and endothelial cells, and mediates both tissue inflammation and repair responses. IL-33 is released as a nuclear alarmin in response to tissue damage and triggers innate and adaptive immune responses by binding to its receptor, suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2). Recent evidence from clinical and experimental animal studies indicates that the IL-33/ST2 axis is involved in the pathogenesis of CKD, renal graft injury, systemic lupus nephritis, and AKI. In this review, we discuss the pathological and tissue reparative roles of the IL-33/ST2 pathway in different types of renal diseases.
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Corrêa JD, Calderaro DC, Ferreira GA, Mendonça SMS, Fernandes GR, Xiao E, Teixeira AL, Leys EJ, Graves DT, Silva TA. Subgingival microbiota dysbiosis in systemic lupus erythematosus: association with periodontal status. MICROBIOME 2017; 5:34. [PMID: 28320468 PMCID: PMC5359961 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-017-0252-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis results from the interaction between a subgingival biofilm and host immune response. Changes in biofilm composition are thought to disrupt homeostasis between the host and subgingival bacteria resulting in periodontal damage. Chronic systemic inflammatory disorders have been shown to affect the subgingival microbiota and clinical periodontal status. However, this relationship has not been examined in subjects with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The objective of our study was to investigate the influence of SLE on the subgingival microbiota and its connection with periodontal disease and SLE activity. METHODS We evaluated 52 patients with SLE compared to 52 subjects without SLE (control group). Subjects were classified as without periodontitis and with periodontitis. Oral microbiota composition was assessed by amplifying the V4 region of 16S rRNA gene from subgingival dental plaque DNA extracts. These amplicons were examined by Illumina MiSeq sequencing. RESULTS SLE patients exhibited higher prevalence of periodontitis which occurred at a younger age compared to subjects of the control group. More severe forms of periodontitis were found in SLE subjects that had higher bacterial loads and decreased microbial diversity. Bacterial species frequently detected in periodontal disease were observed in higher proportions in SLE patients, even in periodontal healthy sites such as Fretibacterium, Prevotella nigrescens, and Selenomonas. Changes in the oral microbiota were linked to increased local inflammation, as demonstrated by higher concentrations of IL-6, IL-17, and IL-33 in SLE patients with periodontitis. CONCLUSIONS SLE is associated with differences in the composition of the microbiota, independently of periodontal status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jôice Dias Corrêa
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Gabriel R. Fernandes
- René Rachou Research Center, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - E. Xiao
- Penn Dental School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Antônio Lúcio Teixeira
- University Hospital, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Eugene J. Leys
- College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Dana T. Graves
- Penn Dental School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Tarcília Aparecida Silva
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais Brazil
- Departamento de Patologia e Cirurgia Odontológica, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, CEP 31.270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais Brazil
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Purinergic signalling in autoimmunity: A role for the P2X7R in systemic lupus erythematosus? Biomed J 2016; 39:326-338. [PMID: 27884379 PMCID: PMC6138817 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purinergic signalling plays a crucial role in immunity and autoimmunity. Among purinergic receptors, the P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) has an undisputed role as it is expressed to high level by immune cells, triggers cytokine release and modulates immune cell differentiation. In this review, we focus on evidence supporting a possible role of the P2X7R in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
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Xu W, Liu Y, Ye D. Association between IL-33 Gene Polymorphisms (rs1929992, rs7044343) and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in a Chinese Han Population. Immunol Invest 2016; 45:575-83. [PMID: 27603301 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2016.1193868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a member of the IL-1 family, and previous studies found the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IL-33 gene was related to susceptibility to autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and Behcet's disease. To date, no study has discussed the potential association between IL-33 gene polymorphisms and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS We conducted a case-control study including 371 SLE patients and 408 healthy controls to investigate the correlation between the SNPs of IL-33 gene (rs1929992, rs7044343) and SLE in a Chinese Han population. RESULTS There was significantly lower expression of allele G for rs1929992 in SLE patients than that in controls (G versus A, P = 0.012, OR = 1.310, 95% CI: 1.060-1.624 after adjustment with sex). Similarly, genotype GG was associated with the susceptibility to SLE as compared with the AA genotype (P = 0.017, OR = 1.714, 95% CI: 1.101-2.669 after adjustment with sex). We also found statistical significance in the dominant model (GG+GA versus AA, P = 0.017, OR = 1.481, 95% CI: 1.074-2.044 after adjustment with sex). However, we found no strong evidence for the association of IL-33 rs7044343 polymorphism with SLE. Moreover, association studies were performed on the relationship between the IL-33 gene polymorphisms and lupus nephritis as well as nine clinical features of SLE, but there was no significant association regarding the distribution of allele and genotype frequencies between SLE patients positive and negative for the presence of sub-phenotypes. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that IL-33 rs1929992 polymorphism may be a potential biomarker for susceptibility to SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangdong Xu
- a Department of Rheumatology and Immunology , West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , PR China.,b Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University , Hefei , Anhui , PR China
| | - Yi Liu
- a Department of Rheumatology and Immunology , West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , PR China
| | - Dongqing Ye
- b Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University , Hefei , Anhui , PR China
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The association of novel IL-33 polymorphisms with sIL-33 and risk of systemic lupus erythematosus. Mol Immunol 2016; 77:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Mehraj V, Ponte R, Routy JP. The Dynamic Role of the IL-33/ST2 Axis in Chronic Viral-infections: Alarming and Adjuvanting the Immune Response. EBioMedicine 2016; 9:37-44. [PMID: 27397514 PMCID: PMC4972565 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 33 (IL-33), a member of the IL-1 family, is constitutively expressed in epithelial and in endothelial cells at barrier sites, acting as a danger signal and adjuvanting the immune response following tissue damage and infection. Originally implicated in allergy, IL-33 is also known to be involved in innate and adaptive immune responses by enhancing natural killer, Th1, and CD4 and CD8 T-cell functions. The nature of the antiviral immune response orchestrated by IL-33 depends on the site of infection, the duration of the disease and the cytokine milieu. In this review, we focus on the distinctive contribution of IL-33 as an anti-infective and proinflammatory cytokine in response to cell death and viral infections. The dynamic role of IL-33 in the acute and chronic phases of infection with HIV, hepatitis B and C viruses, and with CMV is highlighted. This review will also discuss the potential immunotherapeutic and adjuvant roles of IL-33. Search Strategy and Selection Criteria English language, indexed publications in PubMed were searched using combinations of following key words: “interleukin-33”, “IL-33”, “suppression of tumorigenicity 2”, ST2”, “sST2”, “HIV”, “HBV”, “HCV”, “CMV”, “HPV”, “immunotherapy” and “vaccine”. Except for seminal studies, only articles published between 2010 and 2016 were included. IL-33, a guardian of barriers, acts as an alarmin and as an enhancer of immune responses following injury or infection. sST2, the IL-33 decoy receptor, is considered as a biomarker for allergies, cardiac conditions and infections. IL-33 has immunotherapeutic and/or adjuvant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram Mehraj
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
| | - Rosalie Ponte
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
| | - Jean-Pierre Routy
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Division of Hematology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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Meshaal S, El Refai R, El Saie A, El Hawary R. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 is implicated in disease activity in adult and juvenile onset systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Rheumatol 2016; 35:1515-20. [PMID: 27041383 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-016-3250-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway is one of a handful of pleiotropic cascades used to transduce a multitude of signals for development and homeostasis in humans. It is the principal signaling mechanism for a wide array of cytokines and growth factors. Dysregulated cytokine action on immune cells plays an important role in the initiation and progress of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In this study, we tried to assess the role of STAT5 in systemic lupus erythematosus and correlate its phosphorylation level with the disease activity. The activation of the STAT5 was assessed by measuring the level of expression of phosphorylated STAT5 (pSTAT5) using flow cytometry on the peripheral blood T and B cells in 58 SLE patients (40 adult and 18 juvenile onset) and on 23 healthy age- and sex-matched controls for both groups. Serum prolactin level was also assessed in the patients and control by ELISA. The study revealed that the level of pSTAT5 was higher in adult SLE patients than in healthy control (p = 0.001) and in juvenile-onset SLE patients versus age-matched control (p = 0.031). A positive correlation existed between the pSTAT5 levels and Systemic Lupus Activity Measure (SLAM) score and also with multiple clinical manifestations indicating a potential role of STAT5 signaling in pathogenesis SLE. The pSTAT5 signaling is implicated in the disease activity of SLE and may be a useful target of therapy by correcting the dysregulation of cytokines involved in the disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safa Meshaal
- Clinical and Chemical pathology department, Faculty of medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rasha El Refai
- Rheumatology and Rehabilitation department, Faculty of medicine, Cairo university, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed El Saie
- Pediatrics department, Faculty of medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rabab El Hawary
- Clinical and Chemical pathology department, Faculty of medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Potential Therapeutic Aspects of Alarmin Cytokine Interleukin 33 or Its Inhibitors in Various Diseases. Clin Ther 2016; 38:1000-1016.e1. [PMID: 26992663 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2016.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this review was to examine the comprehensively accumulated data regarding potential therapeutic aspects of exogenous administration of interleukin 33 (IL-33) or its antagonists in allergic, cancerous, infectious, and inflammatory diseases. METHODS A selected review was undertaken of publications that examined the protective and exacerbating effects of IL-33 or its inhibitors in different diseases. Mechanisms of action are summarized to examine the putative role of IL-33 in various diseases. FINDINGS IL-33 promoted antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and vaccine adjuvant functions. However, in TH2-biased respiratory, allergic, parasitic, and inflammatory conditions, IL-33 exhibited disease-sensitizing effects. The alarmin cytokine IL-33 induced protective effects in diseases via recruitment of regulatory T cells; antiviral CD8(+) cells, natural killer cells, γδ T cells, and nuocytes; antibacterial and antifungal neutrophils or macrophages; vaccine-associated B/T cells; and inhibition of nuclear factor-κB-mediated gene transcription. In contrast, IL-33 exacerbated the disease process by increasing TH2 cytokines, IgE and eosinophilic immune responses, and inhibition of leukocyte recruitment in various diseases. IMPLICATIONS The protective or exacerbated aspects of use of IL-33 or its inhibitors are dependent on the type of infection or inflammatory condition, duration of disease (acute or chronic), organ involved, cytokine microenvironment, dose or kinetics of IL-33, and genetic predisposition. The alarmin cytokine IL-33 acts at cellular, molecular, and transcriptional levels to mediate pluripotent functions in various diseases and has potential therapeutic value to mitigate the disease process.
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Bu X, Zhang T, Wang C, Ren T, Wen Z. IL-33 reflects dynamics of disease activity in patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia by regulating autoantibody production. J Transl Med 2015; 13:381. [PMID: 26675669 PMCID: PMC4681137 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0745-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), a life-threatening anemia with rapid onset, is caused by autoantibody directed to self red blood cells (RBCs). Currently, mechanisms underlying AIHA pathogenesis are largely undefined. Here we explored the correlation of IL-33 with AIHA disease activity and evaluated IL-33 based therapeutics in AIHA treatment. Methods Thirty patients diagnosed with AIHA of warm-type autoantibodies without treatment were enrolled and followed up for 6 months. Levels of cytokines including IL-33, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-13 was determined with ELISA. AIHA disease activity was presented by levels of reticulocyte count, hemoglobin and lactate dehydrogenase. Serum RBC-bound IgG autoantibody was detected using anti-IgG antibody with flow cytometry. To evaluate the effect of IL-33 blockade on AIHA development, groups of B6 mice were immunized with rat RBCs plus recombinant IL-33 protein or IL-33 neutralizing antibody respectively and detected for levels of anti-RBC antibody, frequency of reticulocytes and destruction of transfused syngeneic mouse RBCs. Results Serum level of IL-33 was higher in AIHA patients compared with healthy individuals. Of interest, serum IL-33 was positively correlated with AIHA disease activity and sensitive to their changes in AIHA patients under clinical management. Mechanistically, IL-33 could promote the production of anti-RBC autoantibody. Serum IL-33 was closely associated with serum anti-RBC autoantibody and sensitive to their changes in AIHA patients. Accordingly, blockade of IL-33 interfered with AIHA incidence and ameliorated disease activity. Vice vasa, enforced IL-33 promoted AIHA incidence and disease activity. Conclusions IL-33 was a potential biomarker for monitoring disease activity and therapeutic response in AIHA patients. Targeting IL-33 was a promising strategy for controlling autoantibody production in AIHA patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12967-015-0745-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangmao Bu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qingdao Women & Children Hospital, Qingdao, 266034, Shandong, China.
| | - Tenglong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
| | - Chunhong Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China.
| | - Tao Ren
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China.
| | - Zhenke Wen
- Institute of Immunobiology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 269 Campus Drive West, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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Wu X, Guo J, Ding R, Lv B, Bi L. CXCL13 blockade attenuates lupus nephritis of MRL/lpr mice. Acta Histochem 2015; 117:732-7. [PMID: 26456520 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The chemokine CXC ligand 13 protein (CXCL13) is reported to closely related to the disease activity and severity of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), moreover, the level of CXCL13 was markedly raised in kidney tissues of lupus nephritis (LN) patients. The aim of the present study was to explore whether the blockade of CXCL13 has therapeutic effects on murine LN. MRL/lpr mice received 50μg anti-CXCL13 neutralizing antibody or isotype IgG by intraperitoneal injection everyday for six weeks, and renal damage of each group was determined. Our results showed that the blockade of CXCL13 significantly reduced urine protein, serum creatinine, and dramatically attenuated renal pathology injury. Treatment with anti-CXCL13Ab also reduced serum anti-dsDNA level, renal immune complex deposition as well as inflammatory cytokines secretion. Meanwhile, Th17/Treg ratio in spleens of MRL/lpr mice was significantly decreased by the blocking of CXCL13. These findings suggested that CXCL13 may be a promising target for the therapy of LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobei Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, People's Republic of China; The Affiliated Hospital of Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialong Guo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Ding
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Lv
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqi Bi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, People's Republic of China.
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Nguyen TTT, Truong THD, Le GB, Duong HX, Nguyen QB, Nguyen DQ. Generation and characterization of soluble interleukin-33 receptor fused with immunoglobulin gamma-1 constant domain expressed by Pichia pastoris yeast. J Pharm Pharmacol 2015; 67:329-37. [PMID: 25644762 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Interleukin (IL)-33 is a novel member of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1 family, which plays an important role in the immune response. IL-33 was proved to involve in many inflammatory and allergic diseases, thus the inhibition of this cytokine may be a promising treatment for these diseases. Arms of the study were to generate mouse soluble IL-33 receptor fused with human IgG1 Fc domain (msIL33R-Fc) expressed by Pichia pastoris yeast and to characterize the IL-33 inhibitory activity of this protein. METHODS Clone of P. pastoris expressing msIL33R-Fc was established and the recombinant protein was harvested from culture supernatant by protein A sepharose beads. Recombinant msIL33R-Fc was analysed by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting and activity of the protein was investigated using the immunoprecipitation and the bio-assay on EL-4 cells. KEY FINDINGS P. pastoris-derived msIL33R-Fc was expressed as a glyco-protein and perhaps in dimeric form. The glycosylation of protein expressed by P. pastoris yeast was more intensive and more heterogeneous compared with the counterpart protein expressed from HEK293 cells. Similar to HEK293-derived protein, msIL33R-Fc from P. pastoris was able to capture IL-33 and to interfere with the interaction between IL-33 and IL-33R in in-vitro condition. In IL-33-stimulated EL-4 cell bio-assay, P. pastoris-derived msIL33R-Fc suppressed IL-33 activity similarly as HEK293-derived msIL33R-Fc did. CONCLUSIONS P. pastoris yeast can express and secrete bio-functional fusion protein sIL33R-Fc IgG1 and this expression system may be beneficial in future studies on the fusion protein.
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