1
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Fernbach S, Mair NK, Abela IA, Groen K, Kuratli R, Lork M, Thorball CW, Bernasconi E, Filippidis P, Leuzinger K, Notter J, Rauch A, Hirsch HH, Huber M, Günthard HF, Fellay J, Kouyos RD, Hale BG. Loss of tolerance precedes triggering and lifelong persistence of pathogenic type I interferon autoantibodies. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20240365. [PMID: 39017930 PMCID: PMC11253716 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20240365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFN-Is) can underlie infection severity. Here, we trace the development of these autoantibodies at high-resolution using longitudinal samples from 1,876 well-treated individuals living with HIV over a 35-year period. Similar to general populations, ∼1.9% of individuals acquired anti-IFN-I autoantibodies as they aged (median onset ∼63 years). Once detected, anti-IFN-I autoantibodies persisted lifelong, and titers increased over decades. Individuals developed distinct neutralizing and non-neutralizing autoantibody repertoires at discrete times that selectively targeted combinations of IFNα, IFNβ, and IFNω. Emergence of neutralizing anti-IFNα autoantibodies correlated with reduced baseline IFN-stimulated gene levels and was associated with subsequent susceptibility to severe COVID-19 several years later. Retrospective measurements revealed enrichment of pre-existing autoreactivity against other autoantigens in individuals who later developed anti-IFN-I autoantibodies, and there was evidence for prior viral infections or increased IFN at the time of anti-IFN-I autoantibody triggering. These analyses suggest that age-related loss of self-tolerance prior to IFN-I immune-triggering poses a risk of developing lifelong functional IFN-I deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Fernbach
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nina K. Mair
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Irene A. Abela
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kevin Groen
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roger Kuratli
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marie Lork
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian W. Thorball
- Precision Medicine Unit, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Enos Bernasconi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale Lugano, University of Geneva and University of Southern Switzerland, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Paraskevas Filippidis
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Service, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Julia Notter
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Infection Prevention and Travel Medicine, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Andri Rauch
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hans H. Hirsch
- Department of Biomedicine, Transplantation and Clinical Virology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Huber
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Huldrych F. Günthard
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jacques Fellay
- Precision Medicine Unit, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Roger D. Kouyos
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin G. Hale
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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2
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Baig AM, Rosko S, Jaeger B, Gerlach J, Rausch H. Unraveling the enigma of long COVID: novel aspects in pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment protocols. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:2075-2090. [PMID: 38771409 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01483-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Long COVID, now unmistakably identified as a syndromic entity encompassing a complex spectrum of symptoms, demands immediate resolution of its elusive pathogenic underpinnings. The intricate interplay of diverse factors presents a complex puzzle, difficult to resolve, and thus poses a substantial challenge. As instances of long COVID manifest by repeated infections of SARS-CoV-2 and genetic predisposition, a detailed understanding in this regard is needed. This endeavor is a comprehensive exploration and analysis of the cascading pathogenetic events driven by viral persistence and replication. Beyond its morbidity, long COVID, more disabling than fatal, exacts one of the most substantial tolls on public health in contemporary times, with the potential to cripple national economies. The paper introduces a unified theory of long COVID, detailing a novel pathophysiological framework that interlinks persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection, autoimmunity, and systemic vascular pathology. We posit a model where viral reservoirs, immune dysregulation, and genetic predispositions converge to perpetuate disease. It challenges prevailing hypotheses with new evidence, suggesting innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. The paper aims to shift the paradigm in long COVID research by providing an integrative perspective that encapsulates the multifaceted nature of the condition. We explain the immunological mechanisms, hypercoagulability states, and viral reservoirs in the skull that feed NeuroCOVID in patients with long COVID. Also, this study hints toward a patient approach and how to prioritize treatment sequences in long COVID patients in hospitals and clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandy Rosko
- Clinicum St. George, Rosenheimer Str. 6-8, Bad Aibling, Germany
| | - Beate Jaeger
- Clinicum St. George, Rosenheimer Str. 6-8, Bad Aibling, Germany
| | - Joachim Gerlach
- Clinicum St. George, Rosenheimer Str. 6-8, Bad Aibling, Germany
| | - Hans Rausch
- Clinicum St. George, Rosenheimer Str. 6-8, Bad Aibling, Germany
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3
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Tsay GJ, Zouali M. Cellular pathways and molecular events that shape autoantibody production in COVID-19. J Autoimmun 2024; 147:103276. [PMID: 38936147 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2024.103276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
A hallmark of COVID-19 is the variety of complications that follow SARS-CoV-2 infection in some patients, and that target multiple organs and tissues. Also remarkable are the associations with several auto-inflammatory disorders and the presence of autoantibodies directed to a vast array of antigens. The processes underlying autoantibody production in COVID-19 have not been completed deciphered. Here, we review mechanisms involved in autoantibody production in COVID-19, multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, and post-acute sequelae of COVID19. We critically discuss how genomic integrity, loss of B cell tolerance to self, superantigen effects of the virus, and extrafollicular B cell activation could underly autoantibody proaction in COVID-19. We also offer models that may account for the pathogenic roles of autoantibodies in the promotion of inflammatory cascades, thromboembolic phenomena, and endothelial and vascular deregulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J Tsay
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Moncef Zouali
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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4
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Saheb Sharif-Askari N, Saheb Sharif-Askari F, Bayram OS, Hafezi S, Alsayed HAH, Kasim F, Mdkhana B, Selvakumar B, Alsafar HS, Halwani R. Salivary autoantibodies to type I IFNs: Mirror plasma levels, predispose to severe COVID-19, and enhance feasibility for clinical screening. Heart Lung 2024; 66:31-36. [PMID: 38547583 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2024.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoantibodies have been demonstrated to dampen the interferon (IFN) response in viral infections. Elevated levels of these preexisting autoantibodies (aAbs) decrease basal interferon levels, increasing susceptibility to severe infections. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of type I IFN aAbs in both plasma and saliva from COVID-19 patients, analyze their neutralizing activity, and examine their associations with clinical outcomes, including the need for mechanical ventilation and in-hospital mortality. METHODS Prospective analyses of patients admitted to intensive care units in three UAE hospitals from June 2020 to March 2021 were performed to measure aAbs using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), assess aAbs activity via neutralization assays, and correlate aAbs with clinical outcomes. RESULTS Type I IFN aAbs (α2 and/or ω) were measured in plasma samples from 213 ICU patients, and positive results were obtained for 20 % (n = 42) of the patients, with half exhibiting neutralizing activity. Saliva samples from a subgroup of 24 patients reflected plasma levels. In multivariate regression analyses, presence of type I IFN aAbs was associated with a higher need for mechanical ventilation (OR 2.58; 95 % CI 1.07-6.22) and greater in-hospital mortality (OR 2.40; 95 % CI 1.13 - 5.07; P = 0.022). Similarly, positive neutralizing aAbs (naAbs) were associated with a greater need for mechanical ventilation (OR 4.96; 95 % CI 1.12-22.07; P = 0.035) and greater odds of in-hospital mortality (OR 2.87; 95 % CI 1.05-7.89; P = 0.041). CONCLUSIONS Type I IFN autoantibodies can be detected in noninvasive saliva samples, alongside conventional plasma samples, from COVID-19 patients and are associated with worse outcomes, such as greater mechanical ventilation needs and in-hospital mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narjes Saheb Sharif-Askari
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatemeh Saheb Sharif-Askari
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of pharmacy practice and pharmacotherapeutics, College of pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ola Salam Bayram
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shirin Hafezi
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hawra Ali Hussain Alsayed
- Department of Pharmacy, Rashid Hospital, Dubai Academic Health Corporation, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fathima Kasim
- Department of internal medicine, Zulekha Hospitals, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bushra Mdkhana
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Balachandar Selvakumar
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Habiba S Alsafar
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Prince Abdullah Ben Khaled Celiac Disease Research Chair, department of pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia.
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5
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Aoki A, Iwamura C, Kiuchi M, Tsuji K, Sasaki A, Hishiya T, Hirasawa R, Kokubo K, Kuriyama S, Onodera A, Shimada T, Nagaoka T, Ishikawa S, Kojima A, Mito H, Hase R, Kasahara Y, Kuriyama N, Nakamura S, Urushibara T, Kaneda S, Sakao S, Nishida O, Takahashi K, Kimura MY, Motohashi S, Igari H, Ikehara Y, Nakajima H, Suzuki T, Hanaoka H, Nakada TA, Kikuchi T, Nakayama T, Yokote K, Hirahara K. Suppression of Type I Interferon Signaling in Myeloid Cells by Autoantibodies in Severe COVID-19 Patients. J Clin Immunol 2024; 44:104. [PMID: 38647550 PMCID: PMC11035476 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-024-01708-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Auto-antibodies (auto-abs) to type I interferons (IFNs) have been identified in patients with life-threatening coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), suggesting that the presence of auto-abs may be a risk factor for disease severity. We therefore investigated the mechanism underlying COVID-19 exacerbation induced by auto-abs to type I IFNs. METHODS We evaluated plasma from 123 patients with COVID-19 to measure auto-abs to type I IFNs. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from the patients with auto-abs and conducted epitope mapping of the auto-abs. RESULTS Three of 19 severe and 4 of 42 critical COVID-19 patients had neutralizing auto-abs to type I IFNs. Patients with auto-abs to type I IFNs showed no characteristic clinical features. scRNA-seq from 38 patients with COVID-19 revealed that IFN signaling in conventional dendritic cells and canonical monocytes was attenuated, and SARS-CoV-2-specific BCR repertoires were decreased in patients with auto-abs. Furthermore, auto-abs to IFN-α2 from COVID-19 patients with auto-abs recognized characteristic epitopes of IFN-α2, which binds to the receptor. CONCLUSION Auto-abs to type I IFN found in COVID-19 patients inhibited IFN signaling in dendritic cells and monocytes by blocking the binding of type I IFN to its receptor. The failure to properly induce production of an antibody to SARS-CoV-2 may be a causative factor of COVID-19 severity.
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Grants
- (S) 26221305 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT Japan) Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
- (B) 20H03685 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT Japan) Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
- (C) 17K08876 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT Japan) Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
- (C) 18K07164 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT Japan) Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
- 19K16683 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT Japan) Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
- (B) JP21H05120 Transformative Research Areas
- (B) JP21H05121 Transformative Research Areas
- JP21ek0410060 Practical Research Project for Allergic Diseases and Immunology (Research on Allergic Diseases and Immunology) from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, AMED
- JP21ek0410082 Practical Research Project for Allergic Diseases and Immunology (Research on Allergic Diseases and Immunology) from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, AMED
- JP19ek0410045 Practical Research Project for Allergic Diseases and Immunology (Research on Allergic Diseases and Immunology) from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, AMED
- JP20gm6110005 AMED-PRIME
- JP21gm1210003 AMED-CREST
- JPMJFR200R JST FOREST Project
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT Japan) Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
- Transformative Research Areas
- Practical Research Project for Allergic Diseases and Immunology (Research on Allergic Diseases and Immunology) from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, AMED
- JST FOREST Project
- Mochida Memorial Foundation for Medical and Pharmaceutical Research
- MSD Life Science Foundation, Public Interest Incorporated Foundation
- Japanese Respiratory Foundation
- Takeda Science Foundation
- The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases, Grant for Clinical Research Promotion
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Affiliation(s)
- Ami Aoki
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Chiaki Iwamura
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
- Synergy Institute for Futuristic Mucosal Vaccine Research and Development, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kiuchi
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Kaori Tsuji
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sasaki
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Takahisa Hishiya
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Rui Hirasawa
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Kota Kokubo
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Sachiko Kuriyama
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Atsushi Onodera
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Tadanaga Shimada
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Tetsutaro Nagaoka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | | | - Akira Kojima
- Funabashi Central Hospital, Chiba, 273-8556, Japan
| | - Haruki Mito
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Red Cross Narita Hospital, Chiba, 286-0041, Japan
| | - Ryota Hase
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Red Cross Narita Hospital, Chiba, 286-0041, Japan
| | - Yasunori Kasahara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Eastern Chiba Medical Center, Chiba, 283-8686, Japan
| | - Naohide Kuriyama
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | | | | | - Satoru Kaneda
- Department of Gastroenterology, NHO Chiba Medical Center, Chiba, 260-8606, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Sakao
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare Narita Hospital, Chiba, 286-8520, Japan
| | - Osamu Nishida
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Takahashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Motoko Y Kimura
- Synergy Institute for Futuristic Mucosal Vaccine Research and Development, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Motohashi
- Department of Medical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Igari
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
- COVID-19 Vaccine Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Yuzuru Ikehara
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakajima
- Synergy Institute for Futuristic Mucosal Vaccine Research and Development, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- COVID-19 Vaccine Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Takuji Suzuki
- Synergy Institute for Futuristic Mucosal Vaccine Research and Development, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Hideki Hanaoka
- Synergy Institute for Futuristic Mucosal Vaccine Research and Development, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Clinical Research Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Taka-Aki Nakada
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Kikuchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Toshinori Nakayama
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
- AMED-CREST, AMED, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
| | - Koutaro Yokote
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Hirahara
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
- Synergy Institute for Futuristic Mucosal Vaccine Research and Development, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
- AMED-CREST, AMED, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
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6
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Zhang Q, Kisand K, Feng Y, Rinchai D, Jouanguy E, Cobat A, Casanova JL, Zhang SY. In search of a function for human type III interferons: insights from inherited and acquired deficits. Curr Opin Immunol 2024; 87:102427. [PMID: 38781720 PMCID: PMC11209856 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2024.102427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The essential and redundant functions of human type I and II interferons (IFNs) have been delineated over the last three decades by studies of patients with inborn errors of immunity or their autoimmune phenocopies, but much less is known about type III IFNs. Patients with cells that do not respond to type III IFNs due to inherited IL10RB deficiency display no overt viral disease, and their inflammatory disease phenotypes can be explained by defective signaling via other interleukine10RB-dependent pathways. Moreover, patients with inherited deficiencies of interferon-stimulated gene factor 3 (ISGF-3) (STAT1, STAT2, IRF9) present viral diseases also seen in patients with inherited deficiencies of the type I IFN receptor (IFNAR1/2). Finally, patients with autoantibodies neutralizing type III IFNs have no obvious predisposition to viral disease. Current findings thus suggest that type III IFNs are largely redundant in humans. The essential functions of human type III IFNs, particularly in antiviral defenses, remain to be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.
| | - Kai Kisand
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Yi Feng
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, USA
| | - Darawan Rinchai
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, USA
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Cobat
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, USA
| | - Shen-Ying Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
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7
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Svensson Akusjärvi S, Zanoni I. Yin and yang of interferons: lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Curr Opin Immunol 2024; 87:102423. [PMID: 38776716 PMCID: PMC11162909 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2024.102423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The host immune response against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 includes the induction of a group of natural antiviral cytokines called interferons (IFNs). Although originally recognized for their ability to potently counteract infections, the mechanistic functions of IFNs in patients with varying severities of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have highlighted a more complex scenario. Cellular and molecular analyses have revealed that timing, location, and subtypes of IFNs produced during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection play a major role in determining disease progression and severity. In this review, we summarize what the COVID-19 pandemic has taught us about the protective and detrimental roles of IFNs during the inflammatory response elicited against a new respiratory virus across different ages and its longitudinal consequences in driving the development of long COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Svensson Akusjärvi
- Harvard Medical School, Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ivan Zanoni
- Harvard Medical School, Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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8
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Cheng A, Holland SM. Anti-cytokine autoantibodies: mechanistic insights and disease associations. Nat Rev Immunol 2024; 24:161-177. [PMID: 37726402 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00933-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Anti-cytokine autoantibodies (ACAAs) are increasingly recognized as modulating disease severity in infection, inflammation and autoimmunity. By reducing or augmenting cytokine signalling pathways or by altering the half-life of cytokines in the circulation, ACAAs can be either pathogenic or disease ameliorating. The origins of ACAAs remain unclear. Here, we focus on the most common ACAAs in the context of disease groups with similar characteristics. We review the emerging genetic and environmental factors that are thought to drive their production. We also describe how the profiling of ACAAs should be considered for the early diagnosis, active monitoring, treatment or sub-phenotyping of diseases. Finally, we discuss how understanding the biology of naturally occurring ACAAs can guide therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristine Cheng
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Steven M Holland
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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9
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Bastard P, Gervais A, Le Voyer T, Philippot Q, Cobat A, Rosain J, Jouanguy E, Abel L, Zhang SY, Zhang Q, Puel A, Casanova JL. Human autoantibodies neutralizing type I IFNs: From 1981 to 2023. Immunol Rev 2024; 322:98-112. [PMID: 38193358 PMCID: PMC10950543 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Human autoantibodies (auto-Abs) neutralizing type I IFNs were first discovered in a woman with disseminated shingles and were described by Ion Gresser from 1981 to 1984. They have since been found in patients with diverse conditions and are even used as a diagnostic criterion in patients with autoimmune polyendocrinopathy syndrome type 1 (APS-1). However, their apparent lack of association with viral diseases, including shingles, led to wide acceptance of the conclusion that they had no pathological consequences. This perception began to change in 2020, when they were found to underlie about 15% of cases of critical COVID-19 pneumonia. They have since been shown to underlie other severe viral diseases, including 5%, 20%, and 40% of cases of critical influenza pneumonia, critical MERS pneumonia, and West Nile virus encephalitis, respectively. They also seem to be associated with shingles in various settings. These auto-Abs are present in all age groups of the general population, but their frequency increases with age to reach at least 5% in the elderly. We estimate that at least 100 million people worldwide carry auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFNs. Here, we briefly review the history of the study of these auto-Abs, focusing particularly on their known causes and consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Bastard
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France, EU
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Pediatric Hematology-Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistante Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France, EU
| | - Adrian Gervais
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France, EU
| | - Tom Le Voyer
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France, EU
| | - Quentin Philippot
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France, EU
| | - Aurélie Cobat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France, EU
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jérémie Rosain
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France, EU
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France, EU
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laurent Abel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France, EU
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shen-Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France, EU
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Qian Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France, EU
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anne Puel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France, EU
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France, EU
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, APHP, Paris, France, EU
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10
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Strunz B, Maucourant C, Mehta A, Wan H, Du L, Sun D, Chen P, Nordlander A, Gao Y, Cornillet M, Bister J, Kvedaraite E, Christ W, Klingström J, Geanon D, Parke Å, Ekwall-Larson A, Rivino L, MacAry PA, Aleman S, Buggert M, Ljunggren HG, Pan-Hammarström Q, Lund-Johansen F, Strålin K, Björkström NK. Type I Interferon Autoantibodies Correlate With Cellular Immune Alterations in Severe COVID-19. J Infect Dis 2024:jiae036. [PMID: 38421006 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can lead to severe disease with increased morbidity and mortality among certain risk groups. The presence of autoantibodies against type I interferons (aIFN-Abs) is one mechanism that contributes to severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS This study aimed to investigate the presence of aIFN-Abs in relation to the soluble proteome, circulating immune cell numbers, and cellular phenotypes, as well as development of adaptive immunity. RESULTS aIFN-Abs were more prevalent in critical compared to severe COVID-19 but largely absent in the other viral and bacterial infections studied here. The antibody and T-cell response to SARS-CoV-2 remained largely unaffected by the presence aIFN-Abs. Similarly, the inflammatory response in COVID-19 was comparable in individuals with and without aIFN-Abs. Instead, presence of aIFN-Abs had an impact on cellular immune system composition and skewing of cellular immune pathways. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that aIFN-Abs do not significantly influence development of adaptive immunity but covary with alterations in immune cell numbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Strunz
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christopher Maucourant
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Adi Mehta
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hui Wan
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Likun Du
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dan Sun
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Puran Chen
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Nordlander
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yu Gao
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Cornillet
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonna Bister
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Egle Kvedaraite
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wanda Christ
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Klingström
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Geanon
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Åsa Parke
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Ekwall-Larson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura Rivino
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Paul A MacAry
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Soo Aleman
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marcus Buggert
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans-Gustaf Ljunggren
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Kristoffer Strålin
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niklas K Björkström
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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11
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Greville G, Cremen S, O'Neill S, Azarian S, Brady G, McCormack W, Dyer AH, Bourke NM, Touzelet O, Courtney D, Power UF, Dowling P, Gallagher TK, Bamford CGG, Robinson MW. Type 1 interferon auto-antibodies are elevated in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis. Clin Exp Immunol 2024; 215:177-189. [PMID: 37917972 PMCID: PMC10847822 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxad119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis, in particular those classified as Childs-Pugh class C, are at increased risk of severe coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) upon infection with severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The biological mechanisms underlying this are unknown. We aimed to examine the levels of serum intrinsic antiviral proteins as well as alterations in the innate antiviral immune response in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis. Serum from 53 SARS-CoV-2 unexposed and unvaccinated individuals, with decompensated liver cirrhosis undergoing assessment for liver transplantation, were screened using SARS-CoV-2 pseudoparticle and SARS-CoV-2 virus assays. The ability of serum to inhibit interferon (IFN) signalling was assessed using a cell-based reporter assay. Severity of liver disease was assessed using two clinical scoring systems, the Child-Pugh class and the MELD-Na score. In the presence of serum from SARS-CoV-2 unexposed patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis there was no association between SARS-CoV-2 pseudoparticle infection or live SARS-CoV-2 virus infection and severity of liver disease. Type I IFNs are a key component of the innate antiviral response. Serum from patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis contained elevated levels of auto-antibodies capable of binding IFN-α2b compared to healthy controls. High MELD-Na scores were associated with the ability of these auto-antibodies to neutralize type I IFN signalling by IFN-α2b but not IFN-β1a. Our results demonstrate that neutralizing auto-antibodies targeting IFN-α2b are increased in patients with high MELD-Na scores. The presence of neutralizing type I IFN-specific auto-antibodies may increase the likelihood of viral infections, including severe COVID-19, in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon Greville
- Department of Biology, Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Sinead Cremen
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Shauna O'Neill
- Department of Biology, Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Sarah Azarian
- Department of Biology, Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Gareth Brady
- Discipline of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - William McCormack
- Discipline of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Adam H Dyer
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nollaig M Bourke
- Discipline of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Olivier Touzelet
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - David Courtney
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Ultan F Power
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Paul Dowling
- Department of Biology, Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Tom K Gallagher
- Department of Hepatopancreaticobiliary and Transplant Surgery, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Connor G G Bamford
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute for Global Food Security (IGFS), Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Mark W Robinson
- Department of Biology, Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
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12
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Bastard P, Gervais A, Taniguchi M, Saare L, Särekannu K, Le Voyer T, Philippot Q, Rosain J, Bizien L, Asano T, Garcia-Prat M, Parra-Martínez A, Migaud M, Tsumura M, Conti F, Belot A, Rivière JG, Morio T, Tanaka J, Javouhey E, Haerynck F, Duvlis S, Ozcelik T, Keles S, Tandjaoui-Lambiotte Y, Escoda S, Husain M, Pan-Hammarström Q, Hammarström L, Ahlijah G, Abi Haidar A, Soudee C, Arseguel V, Abolhassani H, Sahanic S, Tancevski I, Nukui Y, Hayakawa S, Chrousos GP, Michos A, Tatsi EB, Filippatos F, Rodriguez-Palmero A, Troya J, Tipu I, Meyts I, Roussel L, Ostrowski SR, Schidlowski L, Prando C, Condino-Neto A, Cheikh N, Bousfiha AA, El Bakkouri J, Peterson P, Pujol A, Lévy R, Quartier P, Vinh DC, Boisson B, Béziat V, Zhang SY, Borghesi A, Pession A, Andreakos E, Marr N, Mentis AFA, Mogensen TH, Rodríguez-Gallego C, Soler-Palacin P, Colobran R, Tillmann V, Neven B, Trouillet-Assant S, Brodin P, Abel L, Jouanguy E, Zhang Q, Martinón-Torres F, Salas A, Gómez-Carballa A, Gonzalez-Granado LI, Kisand K, Okada S, Puel A, Cobat A, Casanova JL. Higher COVID-19 pneumonia risk associated with anti-IFN-α than with anti-IFN-ω auto-Abs in children. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20231353. [PMID: 38175961 PMCID: PMC10771097 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20231353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
We found that 19 (10.4%) of 183 unvaccinated children hospitalized for COVID-19 pneumonia had autoantibodies (auto-Abs) neutralizing type I IFNs (IFN-α2 in 10 patients: IFN-α2 only in three, IFN-α2 plus IFN-ω in five, and IFN-α2, IFN-ω plus IFN-β in two; IFN-ω only in nine patients). Seven children (3.8%) had Abs neutralizing at least 10 ng/ml of one IFN, whereas the other 12 (6.6%) had Abs neutralizing only 100 pg/ml. The auto-Abs neutralized both unglycosylated and glycosylated IFNs. We also detected auto-Abs neutralizing 100 pg/ml IFN-α2 in 4 of 2,267 uninfected children (0.2%) and auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-ω in 45 children (2%). The odds ratios (ORs) for life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia were, therefore, higher for auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-α2 only (OR [95% CI] = 67.6 [5.7-9,196.6]) than for auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-ω only (OR [95% CI] = 2.6 [1.2-5.3]). ORs were also higher for auto-Abs neutralizing high concentrations (OR [95% CI] = 12.9 [4.6-35.9]) than for those neutralizing low concentrations (OR [95% CI] = 5.5 [3.1-9.6]) of IFN-ω and/or IFN-α2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Bastard
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Pediatric Hematology-Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Adrian Gervais
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Maki Taniguchi
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Liisa Saare
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Karita Särekannu
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tom Le Voyer
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Quentin Philippot
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Jérémie Rosain
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Lucy Bizien
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Takaki Asano
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Marina Garcia-Prat
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Parra-Martínez
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mélanie Migaud
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Miyuki Tsumura
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Francesca Conti
- Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Dept. of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alexandre Belot
- National Reference Center for Rheumatic, and Autoimmune and Systemic Diseases in Children, Lyon, France
- Immunopathology Federation LIFE, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- International Center of Research in Infectiology, Lyon University, International Center of Research in Infectiology, Lyon University, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS, UCBL, Lyon, France
| | - Jacques G. Rivière
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tomohiro Morio
- Dept. of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junko Tanaka
- Dept. of Epidemiology, Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Etienne Javouhey
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hopital Femme Mère Enfant, Lyon, France
| | - Filomeen Haerynck
- Dept. of Paediatric Immunology and Pulmonology, Center for Primary Immunodeficiency Ghent, Jeffrey Modell Diagnosis and Research Center, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sotirija Duvlis
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University “Goce Delchev”, Stip, Republic of Northern Macedonia
- Institute of Public Health of the Republic of North Macedonia, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Tayfun Ozcelik
- Dept. of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Keles
- Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Yacine Tandjaoui-Lambiotte
- Pulmonology and Infectious Disease Department, Saint Denis Hospital, Saint Denis, France
- INSERM UMR 1137 IAME, Paris, France
- INSERM UMR 1272 Hypoxia and Lung, Bobigny, France
| | - Simon Escoda
- Pediatric Dept., Saint-Denis Hospital, Saint-Denis, France
| | - Maya Husain
- Pediatric Dept., Saint-Denis Hospital, Saint-Denis, France
| | - Qiang Pan-Hammarström
- Division of Immunology, Dept. of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lennart Hammarström
- Division of Immunology, Dept. of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gloria Ahlijah
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
| | - Anthony Abi Haidar
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
| | - Camille Soudee
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Arseguel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
| | - Hassan Abolhassani
- Division of Immunology, Dept. of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children’s Medical Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sabina Sahanic
- Dept. of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ivan Tancevski
- Dept. of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Yoko Nukui
- Dept. of Infection Control and Prevention, Medical Hospital, TMDU, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiichi Hayakawa
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - George P. Chrousos
- University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios Michos
- University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- First Dept. of Pediatics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Elizabeth-Barbara Tatsi
- University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- First Dept. of Pediatics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Filippos Filippatos
- University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- First Dept. of Pediatics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Agusti Rodriguez-Palmero
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, UAB, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesus Troya
- Dept. of Internal Medicine, Infanta Leonor University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Imran Tipu
- University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Isabelle Meyts
- Dept. of Immunology, Laboratory of Inborn Errors of Immunity, Microbiology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Network Center, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lucie Roussel
- Dept. of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada
- Infectious Disease Susceptibility Program, Research Institute–McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada
| | - Sisse Rye Ostrowski
- Dept. of Clinical Immunology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Laire Schidlowski
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Carolina Prando
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Antonio Condino-Neto
- Dept. of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nathalie Cheikh
- Pediatric Hematology Unit, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Ahmed A. Bousfiha
- Dept. of Pediatric Infectious Disease and Clinical Immunology, CHU Ibn Rushd and LICIA, Laboratoire d’Immunologie Clinique, Inflammation et Allergie, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Jalila El Bakkouri
- Laboratory of Immunology, CHU Ibn Rushd and LICIA, Laboratoire d’Immunologie Clinique, Inflammation et Allergie, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Pärt Peterson
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Aurora Pujol
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, IDIBELL-Hospital Duran i Reynals, CIBERER U759, and Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Romain Lévy
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Pediatric Hematology-Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Pierre Quartier
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Pediatric Hematology-Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Donald C. Vinh
- Dept. of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada
- Infectious Disease Susceptibility Program, Research Institute–McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada
| | - Bertrand Boisson
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vivien Béziat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shen-Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alessandro Borghesi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Pession
- Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Evangelos Andreakos
- Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nico Marr
- Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Alexios-Fotios A. Mentis
- University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Trine H. Mogensen
- Dept. of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark
- Dept. of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Carlos Rodríguez-Gallego
- Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr Negrín, Canarian Health System, Las Palmas, Spain
- Dept. of Clinical Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa Canarias, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Dept. of Medical and Surgical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Pere Soler-Palacin
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roger Colobran
- Immunology Division, Genetics Dept., Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vallo Tillmann
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Bénédicte Neven
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Pediatric Hematology-Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Sophie Trouillet-Assant
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- International Center of Research in Infectiology, Lyon University, International Center of Research in Infectiology, Lyon University, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS, UCBL, Lyon, France
- Joint Research Unit, Hospices Civils de Lyon-bio Mérieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon Sud Hospital, Pierre-Bénite, France
- International Center of Research in Infectiology, Lyon University, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS, UCBL, Lyon, France
| | - Petter Brodin
- Unit for Clinical Pediatrics, Dept. of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Laurent Abel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Qian Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Federico Martinón-Torres
- Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Pediatrics Dept., Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Servizo Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- GENVIP Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Salas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Facultade de Medicina, Unidade de Xenética, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and GenPoB Research Group, IDIS, SERGAS, Galicia, Spain
| | - Alberto Gómez-Carballa
- GENVIP Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Facultade de Medicina, Unidade de Xenética, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and GenPoB Research Group, IDIS, SERGAS, Galicia, Spain
| | - Luis I. Gonzalez-Granado
- Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital 12 de octubre, Research Institute Hospital 12 octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kai Kisand
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Satoshi Okada
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Anne Puel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aurélie Cobat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
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13
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Yu JE. New primary immunodeficiencies 2023 update. Curr Opin Pediatr 2024; 36:112-123. [PMID: 38001560 DOI: 10.1097/mop.0000000000001315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs), also called inborn errors of immunity (IEI), are genetic disorders characterized by increased susceptibility to infection and/or aberrant regulation of immunological pathways. This review summarizes and highlights the new IEI disorders in the International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS) 2022 report and current trends among new PIDs. RECENT FINDINGS Since the 2019 IUIS report and the 2021 IUIS interim update, the IUIS IEI classification now includes 485 validated IEIs. Increasing utilization of genetic testing and advances in the strategic evaluation of genetic variants has continued to drive the identification of, not only novel IEI disorders, but additional genetic etiologies for known IEI disorders and phenotypes. SUMMARY The recognition of new IEIs continues to advance at a rapid pace, which is due in part to increased performance and application of genetic modalities as well as expansion of the underlying science that is applied to convincingly establish causality. These disorders, as a whole, continue to emphasize the specificity of immunity, complexity of immune mechanisms, and the fine balance that defines immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce E Yu
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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14
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Covill LE, Sendel A, Campbell TM, Piiroinen I, Enoksson SL, Borgström EW, Hansen S, Ma K, Marits P, Norlin AC, Smith CIE, Kåhlin J, Eriksson LI, Bergman P, Bryceson YT. Evaluation of Genetic or Cellular Impairments in Type I IFN Immunity in a Cohort of Young Adults with Critical COVID-19. J Clin Immunol 2024; 44:50. [PMID: 38231281 PMCID: PMC10794435 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-023-01641-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Several genetic and immunological risk factors for severe COVID-19 have been identified, with monogenic conditions relating to 13 genes of type I interferon (IFN) immunity proposed to explain 4.8% of critical cases. However, previous cohorts have been clinically heterogeneous and were not subjected to thorough genetic and immunological analyses. We therefore aimed to systematically investigate the prevalence of rare genetic variants causing inborn errors of immunity (IEI) and functionally interrogate the type I IFN pathway in young adults that suffered from critical COVID-19 yet lacked comorbidities. We selected and clinically characterized a cohort of 38 previously healthy individuals under 50 years of age who were treated in intensive care units due to critical COVID-19. Blood samples were collected after convalescence. Two patients had IFN-α autoantibodies. Genome sequencing revealed very rare variants in the type I IFN pathway in 31.6% of the patients, which was similar to controls. Analyses of cryopreserved leukocytes did not indicate any defect in plasmacytoid dendritic cell sensing of TLR7 and TLR9 agonists in patients carrying variants in these pathways. However, lymphocyte STAT phosphorylation and protein upregulation upon IFN-α stimulation revealed three possible cases of impaired type I IFN signaling in carriers of rare variants. Together, our results suggest a strategy of functional screening followed by genome analyses and biochemical validation to uncover undiagnosed causes of critical COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Covill
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Sendel
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T M Campbell
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - I Piiroinen
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Lind Enoksson
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - E Wahren Borgström
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Hansen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - K Ma
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P Marits
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A C Norlin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C I E Smith
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Kåhlin
- Division of Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L I Eriksson
- Division of Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P Bergman
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Y T Bryceson
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Broegelmann Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
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15
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Arts RJW, Janssen NAF, van de Veerdonk FL. Anticytokine Autoantibodies in Infectious Diseases: A Practical Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:515. [PMID: 38203686 PMCID: PMC10778971 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Anticytokine autoantibodies (ACAAs) are a fascinating group of antibodies that have gained more and more attention in the field of autoimmunity and secondary immunodeficiencies over the years. Some of these antibodies are characterized by their ability to target and neutralize specific cytokines. ACAAs can play a role in the susceptibility to several infectious diseases, and their infectious manifestations depending on which specific immunological pathway is affected. In this review, we will give an outline per infection in which ACAAs might play a role and whether additional immunomodulatory treatment next to antimicrobial treatment can be considered. Finally, we describe the areas for future research on ACAAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rob J. W. Arts
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboudumc Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (N.A.F.J.); (F.L.v.d.V.)
| | - Nico A. F. Janssen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboudumc Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (N.A.F.J.); (F.L.v.d.V.)
- Center of Expertise in Mycology Radboudumc, Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The National Aspergillosis Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Southmoor Road, Wythenshawe, Manchester M23 9LT, UK
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Frank L. van de Veerdonk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboudumc Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (N.A.F.J.); (F.L.v.d.V.)
- Center of Expertise in Mycology Radboudumc, Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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16
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Bastard P, Vazquez SE, Liu J, Laurie MT, Wang CY, Gervais A, Le Voyer T, Bizien L, Zamecnik C, Philippot Q, Rosain J, Catherinot E, Willmore A, Mitchell AM, Bair R, Garçon P, Kenney H, Fekkar A, Salagianni M, Poulakou G, Siouti E, Sahanic S, Tancevski I, Weiss G, Nagl L, Manry J, Duvlis S, Arroyo-Sánchez D, Paz Artal E, Rubio L, Perani C, Bezzi M, Sottini A, Quaresima V, Roussel L, Vinh DC, Reyes LF, Garzaro M, Hatipoglu N, Boutboul D, Tandjaoui-Lambiotte Y, Borghesi A, Aliberti A, Cassaniti I, Venet F, Monneret G, Halwani R, Sharif-Askari NS, Danielson J, Burrel S, Morbieu C, Stepanovskyy Y, Bondarenko A, Volokha A, Boyarchuk O, Gagro A, Neuville M, Neven B, Keles S, Hernu R, Bal A, Novelli A, Novelli G, Saker K, Ailioaie O, Antolí A, Jeziorski E, Rocamora-Blanch G, Teixeira C, Delaunay C, Lhuillier M, Le Turnier P, Zhang Y, Mahevas M, Pan-Hammarström Q, Abolhassani H, Bompoil T, Dorgham K, Gorochov G, Laouenan C, Rodríguez-Gallego C, Ng LFP, Renia L, Pujol A, Belot A, Raffi F, Allende LM, Martinez-Picado J, Ozcelik T, Imberti L, Notarangelo LD, Troya J, Solanich X, Zhang SY, Puel A, Wilson MR, Trouillet-Assant S, Abel L, Jouanguy E, Ye CJ, Cobat A, Thompson LM, Andreakos E, Zhang Q, Anderson MS, Casanova JL, DeRisi JL. Vaccine breakthrough hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia in patients with auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFNs. Sci Immunol 2023; 8:eabp8966. [PMID: 35857576 PMCID: PMC9210448 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abp8966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Life-threatening "breakthrough" cases of critical COVID-19 are attributed to poor or waning antibody (Ab) response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in individuals already at risk. Preexisting auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFNs underlie at least 15% of critical COVID-19 pneumonia cases in unvaccinated individuals; their contribution to hypoxemic breakthrough cases in vaccinated people is unknown. We studied a cohort of 48 individuals (aged 20 to 86 years) who received two doses of a messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine and developed a breakthrough infection with hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia 2 weeks to 4 months later. Ab levels to the vaccine, neutralization of the virus, and auto-Abs to type I IFNs were measured in the plasma. Forty-two individuals had no known deficiency of B cell immunity and a normal Ab response to the vaccine. Among them, 10 (24%) had auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFNs (aged 43 to 86 years). Eight of these 10 patients had auto-Abs neutralizing both IFN-α2 and IFN-ω, whereas two neutralized IFN-ω only. No patient neutralized IFN-β. Seven neutralized type I IFNs at 10 ng/ml and three at 100 pg/ml only. Seven patients neutralized SARS-CoV-2 D614G and Delta efficiently, whereas one patient neutralized Delta slightly less efficiently. Two of the three patients neutralizing only type I IFNs at 100 pg/ml neutralized both D614G and Delta less efficiently. Despite two mRNA vaccine inoculations and the presence of circulating Abs capable of neutralizing SARS-CoV-2, auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFNs may underlie a notable proportion of hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia cases, highlighting the importance of this particularly vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Bastard
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Sara E Vazquez
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Tetrad Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jamin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- University of California, Berkeley-University of California, San Francisco Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Matthew T Laurie
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Chung Yu Wang
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Adrian Gervais
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Tom Le Voyer
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Lucy Bizien
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Colin Zamecnik
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Quentin Philippot
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jérémie Rosain
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Rebecca Bair
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Pierre Garçon
- Intensive Care Unit, Grand Hôpital de l'Est Francilien Site de Marne-la-Vallée, Jossigny, France
| | - Heather Kenney
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Arnaud Fekkar
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Maria Salagianni
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Garyphallia Poulakou
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, "Sotiria" General Hospital of Chest Diseases, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Siouti
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sabina Sahanic
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ivan Tancevski
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Günter Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Laurenz Nagl
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jérémy Manry
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sotirija Duvlis
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University "Goce Delchev", Stip, Republic of North Macedonia
- Institute of Public Health, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Daniel Arroyo-Sánchez
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) and Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, CIBERINFEC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Estela Paz Artal
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) and Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, CIBERINFEC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Rubio
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | | | | | - Alessandra Sottini
- CREA Laboratory, Diagnostic Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Virginia Quaresima
- CREA Laboratory, Diagnostic Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Lucie Roussel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Infectious Disease Susceptibility Program, Research Institute-McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Donald C Vinh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Infectious Disease Susceptibility Program, Research Institute-McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Luis Felipe Reyes
- Department of Microbiology, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Clínica Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
| | - Margaux Garzaro
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Nevin Hatipoglu
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - David Boutboul
- Department of Immunology, Saint-Louis Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Yacine Tandjaoui-Lambiotte
- INSERM UMR 1137 IAME, Paris, France
- INSERM UMR 1272 Hypoxie and Poumon, Bobigny, France
- Pneumology and Infectiology Department, CH Saint Denis, Saint-Denis, France
| | - Alessandro Borghesi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Aliberti
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Rianimazione I, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Irene Cassaniti
- Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Fabienne Venet
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France
- EA 7426, Pathophysiology of Injury-Induced Immunosuppression, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot-BioMérieux, Lyon, France
- CIRI, INSERM U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Guillaume Monneret
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France
- EA 7426, Pathophysiology of Injury-Induced Immunosuppression, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot-BioMérieux, Lyon, France
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Immunology Research Laboratory, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Narjes Saheb Sharif-Askari
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jeffrey Danielson
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sonia Burrel
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, Service de Virologie, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Morbieu
- Internal Medicine Department, Louis Mourier Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Alla Volokha
- Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Oksana Boyarchuk
- Department of Children's Diseases and Pediatric Surgery, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Alenka Gagro
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Zagreb, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Medical Faculty Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | | | - Bénédicte Neven
- Department of Pediatrics Hematology Immunology and Rheumatology, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Sevgi Keles
- Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Romain Hernu
- Service des Urgences, Groupement Hospitalier Nord, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Antonin Bal
- Laboratoire de virologie, Institut Agent Infectieux, Groupement Hospitalier Nord, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Antonio Novelli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Novelli
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Kahina Saker
- Joint Research Unit, Hospices Civils de Lyon-bio Mérieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon Sud Hospital, Pierre-Bénite, France; and International Center of Research in Infectiology, Lyon University, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS, UCBL, Lyon, France
| | - Oana Ailioaie
- Service de Génétique, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, AP-HP, Garches, France
| | - Arnau Antolí
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eric Jeziorski
- General Pediatric Department, PCCEI, CeRéMAIA, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Gemma Rocamora-Blanch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carla Teixeira
- Unidade de Infeciologia e Imunodeficiências, Centro Materno-infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Clarisse Delaunay
- Department of Infectious Diseases, CHU Nantes, and INSERM UIC 1413, CHU, Nantes, France
| | - Marine Lhuillier
- Geriatric Department, CHU Nantes, Hopital Bellier, Nantes, France
| | - Paul Le Turnier
- Department of Infectious Diseases, CHU Nantes, and INSERM UIC 1413, CHU, Nantes, France
| | - Yu Zhang
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- NIAID Clinical Genomics Program, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Matthieu Mahevas
- Necker Enfants Malades Institute (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Departement of Internal Medicine, Henri Mondor University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris-Est Créteil University (UPEC), Créteil, France
- INSERM U955, Team 2, Mondor Biomedical Research Institute (IMRB), Paris-Est Créteil University (UPEC), Créteil, France
| | - Qiang Pan-Hammarström
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, SE14183 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Hassan Abolhassani
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, SE14183 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Thierry Bompoil
- Biologie/Pathologie, CHU-Nantes-Hôtel Dieu, Institut de Biologie, Nantes, France
| | - Karim Dorgham
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | - Guy Gorochov
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
- Département d'Immunologie, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France
| | - Cédric Laouenan
- INSERM UMR 1137 IAME, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, IAME UMR-S 1137, INSERM, Paris, France
- Département Epidémiologie Biostatistiques et Recherche Clinique, Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Carlos Rodríguez-Gallego
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa Canarias, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital of Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Canarian Health System, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Lisa F P Ng
- A*STAR Infectious Disease Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Laurent Renia
- A*STAR Infectious Disease Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technology University, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technology University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Aurora Pujol
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, IDIBELL-Hospital Duran i Reynals, CIBERER U759, and Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexandre Belot
- Joint Research Unit, Hospices Civils de Lyon-bio Mérieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon Sud Hospital, Pierre-Bénite, France; and International Center of Research in Infectiology, Lyon University, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS, UCBL, Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR 5308, ENS, UCBL, Lyon, France; National Referee Centre for Rheumatic, and Autoimmune and Systemic Diseases in Children (RAISE), Lyon, France; and Immunopathology Federation LIFE, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - François Raffi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, CHU Nantes, and INSERM UIC 1413, CHU, Nantes, France
| | - Luis M Allende
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12) and Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, CIBERINFEC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Martinez-Picado
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute and Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Center for Health and Social Care Research (CESS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tayfun Ozcelik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Luisa Imberti
- CREA Laboratory, Diagnostic Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luigi D Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jesus Troya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infanta Leonor University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Xavier Solanich
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Shen-Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anne Puel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael R Wilson
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sophie Trouillet-Assant
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; and International Center of Research in Infectiology, Lyon University, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS, UCBL, Lyon, France
| | - Laurent Abel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chun Jimmie Ye
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA
| | - Aurélie Cobat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Leslie M Thompson
- Departments of Psychiatry and Human Behavior and Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Evangelos Andreakos
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Qian Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mark S Anderson
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph L DeRisi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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17
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Pons MJ, Mayanga-Herrera A, Palomino-Kobayashi LA, Quispe AM, Ugarte-Gil MF. High Anti-Interferon-Alpha Autoantibody Levels in Severe/Critical COVID-19 Patients from Peru. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2023; 43:565-570. [PMID: 37906115 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2023.0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate immune responses through the production of type I interferon-α (anti-IFN-α) play an essential role in the defense against viruses. The autoantibodies (auto-Abs) anti-IFN-α are implicated in COVID-19 pathogenesis with higher levels among patients with worse prognoses. The study aimed to assess the levels of anti-IFN-α auto-Abs in Peruvian patients with severe/critical hospitalized COVID-19 compared to asymptomatic/mild COVID-19 outpatients and healthy controls. We analyzed 101 serum samples, including 56 (55.5%) severe/critical, 13 (12.3%) asymptomatic/mild COVID-19 patients, and 32 (32.2%) healthy controls, which we tested using a commercial ELISA anti-IFN-α-auto-Abs kit. We observed seropositivity of 48.2% (26/54) to anti-IFN-α auto-Abs among the severe/critical COVID-19 group, but 0% (0/13) and 3.1% (1/32) among the asymptomatic/mild COVID-19 and healthy groups (P = 0.021), respectively. Furthermore, we observed a significant association between the log10 of anti-IFN-α auto-Abs and the COVID-19 status, with the log10 of anti-IFN-α auto-Abs levels being significantly higher among the severe/critical COVID-19 group compared to the healthy controls (β = 1.20; confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.72-1.67; P < 0.001). Such association remains significant either when adjusted by age and gender (adjusted β = 1.16; 95% CI: 0.62-1.70; P < 0.001) and when adjusted by the subjects' age, gender, and obesity (adjusted β = 1.16; 95% CI: 0.62-1.70; P < 0.001). Despite not measuring neutralizing activity, this study highlights the high frequency of these auto-Abs in the Peruvian population with a worse prognosis of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J Pons
- Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas Re-Emergentes, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú
| | - Ana Mayanga-Herrera
- Laboratorio de Cultivo Celular e Inmunología, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú
| | | | - Antonio M Quispe
- Dirección de Investigación, Universidad Continental, Huancayo, Perú
| | - Manuel F Ugarte-Gil
- Reumathology, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, EsSalud, Lima, Peru
- Grupo Peruano de Estudio de Enfermedades Autoinmunes Sistémicas, Universidad Científica Del Sur, Lima, Perú
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18
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Akbari A, Hadizadeh A, Amiri M, Najafi NN, Shahriari Z, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Role of autoantibodies targeting interferon type 1 in COVID-19 severity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Transl Autoimmun 2023; 7:100219. [PMID: 37868109 PMCID: PMC10587724 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtauto.2023.100219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Impairment of the type I interferon (IFN-I) signaling pathway is associated with increased severity of COVID-19 disease. Here we have undertaken a systematic review and meta = analysis on the association between the severity of COVID-19 and IFN-1 autoantibodies (AAbs; aIFN-1, aIFN-α, aIFN-ω, and aIFN-β). Methods Four databases, including Medline [PubMed], Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus, were systematically searched to find papers on the role of aIFN-1 and its subtype AAbs in the severity of COVID-19 infection. Data on the prevalence of aIFN-1, aIFN-α, aIFN-ω, and aIFN-β were pooled using random- or fixed-effects models. Subgroup analysis was performed based on disease severity. Odds ratios (OR) for COVID-19 disease outcome, including length of hospital stay, ICU admission and death, were calculated in relation to positive or negative plasma IFN-1 AAbs. Results A total of 33 studies with 13023 patients were included. The overall prevalence of circulating aIFN-1, aIFN-α, and aIFN-ω AAbs was 17.8 % [13.8, 22.8], 7.2 % [4.7, 10.9], and 4.4 % [2.1, 8.6], respectively, and the overall prevalence of neutralizing aIFN-1, aIFN-α, aIFN-ω, and aIFN-β AAbs was 7.1 % [4.9, 10.1], 7.5 % [5.9, 9.5], 8.0 % [5.7, 11.1] and 1.2 % [0.4, 3.5], respectively. Circulating aIFN-α (OR = 4.537 [2.247, 9.158]), neutralizing aIFN-α (O = 17.482 [8.899, 34.342]), and neutralizing aIFN-ω (OR = 12.529 [7.397, 21.222]) were significantly more frequent in critical/severe patients than in moderate/mild patients (p < 0.001 for all). Anti-IFN-1 was more common in male subjects (OR = 2.248 [1.366, 3.699], p = 0.001) and two COVID-19 outcomes including ICU admission (OR = 2.485 [1.409, 4.385], p = 0.002) and death (OR = 2.593 [1.199, 5.604], p = 0.015) occurred more frequently in patients with positive anti-IFN-1.Conclusion: aIFN-1 and its subtypes AAbs are associated with severe and critical COVID-19 disease and may be a predictive marker for a poor prognosis, particularly in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Akbari
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Hadizadeh
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Advanced Technologies in Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Amiri
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Neshat Najaf Najafi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Shahriari
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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19
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Narasimhan M, Muthukumar A, Sataranatarajan K, Mahimainathan L, Mahan L, Timofte I, Bollineni S, Joerns J, Zhang S, Gorman A, Banga A, Mohanka M, Torres F, Lawrence A, Thalachallour M, Kaza V. Crossroads between Autoimmunity and COVID-19 in Lung Transplant Recipients. Viruses 2023; 15:2045. [PMID: 37896822 PMCID: PMC10612071 DOI: 10.3390/v15102045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of a certain group of auto-antibodies (AAbs) is known to correlate with the severity of COVID-19. It is, however, unknown if such AAbs are prevalent and impact COVID-19-related outcomes in lung transplant recipients (LTRs) who are immunosuppressed. We performed a retrospective study of LTRs with COVID-19 and analyzed samples before and after COVID-19 for IgG AAbs. AAbs analysis was carried out using autoimmune and coronavirus microarray and the resulting cross-sectional differences in Ab-scores and clinical variables were analyzed using Fischer's Exact test for categorical variables and a paired t-test for continuous variables. Linear regression was used to analyze the differences in Ab-scores and COVID-19 severity. LTRs with non-severe [NS gp (n = 10)], and severe [S gp (n = 8)] COVID-19 disease were included. Ferritin and acute respiratory failure were higher in the S group (p = 0.03; p < 0.0001). Among the AAbs analyzed, interferon-related AAbs (IFN-alpha2, IFN-beta, IFN lamba, IFN-epsilon), eight interleukin-related AAbs, and several tissue-related AAbs were also found to be changed significantly from pre- to post-COVID-19 (p < 0.05). IFN-lambda (p = 0.03) and IL-22 (p = 0.002) were significantly associated with COVID-19 severity and remained significant in linear regression analysis while controlling for other variables. AAbs are common in LTRs, and certain groups of antibodies are particularly enhanced in LTRs with severe COVID-19. Preliminary observations of this study need to be confirmed by a larger sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhusudhanan Narasimhan
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (M.N.); (A.M.); (K.S.); (L.M.)
| | - Alagarraju Muthukumar
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (M.N.); (A.M.); (K.S.); (L.M.)
| | - Kavithalakshmi Sataranatarajan
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (M.N.); (A.M.); (K.S.); (L.M.)
| | - Lenin Mahimainathan
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (M.N.); (A.M.); (K.S.); (L.M.)
| | - Luke Mahan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (L.M.); (I.T.); (S.B.); (J.J.); (A.B.); (M.M.); (F.T.); (A.L.)
| | - Irina Timofte
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (L.M.); (I.T.); (S.B.); (J.J.); (A.B.); (M.M.); (F.T.); (A.L.)
| | - Srinivas Bollineni
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (L.M.); (I.T.); (S.B.); (J.J.); (A.B.); (M.M.); (F.T.); (A.L.)
| | - John Joerns
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (L.M.); (I.T.); (S.B.); (J.J.); (A.B.); (M.M.); (F.T.); (A.L.)
| | - Song Zhang
- Peter O’Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (S.Z.); (A.G.)
| | - April Gorman
- Peter O’Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (S.Z.); (A.G.)
| | - Amit Banga
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (L.M.); (I.T.); (S.B.); (J.J.); (A.B.); (M.M.); (F.T.); (A.L.)
| | - Manish Mohanka
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (L.M.); (I.T.); (S.B.); (J.J.); (A.B.); (M.M.); (F.T.); (A.L.)
| | - Fernando Torres
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (L.M.); (I.T.); (S.B.); (J.J.); (A.B.); (M.M.); (F.T.); (A.L.)
| | - Adrian Lawrence
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (L.M.); (I.T.); (S.B.); (J.J.); (A.B.); (M.M.); (F.T.); (A.L.)
| | | | - Vaidehi Kaza
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (L.M.); (I.T.); (S.B.); (J.J.); (A.B.); (M.M.); (F.T.); (A.L.)
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20
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Yu X, Wax J, Riemekasten G, Petersen F. Functional autoantibodies: Definition, mechanisms, origin and contributions to autoimmune and non-autoimmune disorders. Autoimmun Rev 2023; 22:103386. [PMID: 37352904 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2023.103386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence underscores the relevance of functional autoantibodies in the development of various pathogenic conditions but also in the regulation of homeostasis. However, the definition of functional autoantibodies varies among studies and a comprehensive overview on this emerging topic is missing. Here, we do not only explain functional autoantibodies but also summarize the mechanisms underlying the effect of such autoantibodies including receptor activation or blockade, induction of receptor internalization, neutralization of ligands or other soluble extracellular antigens, and disruption of protein-protein interactions. In addition, in this review article we discuss potential triggers of production of functional autoantibodies, including infections, immune deficiency and tumor development. Finally, we describe the contribution of functional autoantibodies to autoimmune diseases including autoimmune thyroid diseases, myasthenia gravis, autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, autoimmune autonomic ganglionopathy, pure red cell aplasia, autoimmune encephalitis, pemphigus, acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and systemic sclerosis, as well as non-autoimmune disorders such as allograft rejection, infectious diseases and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhua Yu
- Priority Area Chronic Lung Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Members of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 23845 Borstel, Germany.
| | - Jacqueline Wax
- Priority Area Chronic Lung Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Members of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 23845 Borstel, Germany
| | - Gabriela Riemekasten
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Clinic of Schleswig Holstein, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Frank Petersen
- Priority Area Chronic Lung Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Members of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 23845 Borstel, Germany
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21
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Vanker M, Särekannu K, Fekkar A, Jørgensen SE, Haljasmägi L, Kallaste A, Kisand K, Lember M, Peterson P, Menon M, Hussell T, Knight S, Moore-Stanley J, Bastard P, Zhang SY, Mogensen TH, Philippot Q, Zhang Q, Puel A, Casanova JL, Kisand K. Autoantibodies Neutralizing Type III Interferons Are Uncommon in Patients with Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2023; 43:379-393. [PMID: 37253131 PMCID: PMC10517334 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2023.0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoantibodies (AABs) neutralizing type I interferons (IFN) underlie about 15% of cases of critical coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. The impact of autoimmunity toward type III IFNs remains unexplored. We included samples from 1,002 patients with COVID-19 (50% with severe disease) and 1,489 SARS-CoV-2-naive individuals. We studied the prevalence and neutralizing capacity of AABs toward IFNλ and IFNα. Luciferase-based immunoprecipitation method was applied using pooled IFNα (subtypes 1, 2, 8, and 21) or pooled IFNλ1-IFNλ3 as antigens, followed by reporter cell-based neutralization assay. In the SARS-CoV-2-naive cohort, IFNλ AABs were more common (8.5%) than those targeting IFNα2 (2.9%) and were related with older age. In the COVID-19 cohort the presence of autoreactivity to IFNλ did not associate with severe disease [odds ratio (OR) 0.84; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.40-1.73], unlike to IFNα (OR 4.88; 95% CI 2.40-11.06; P < 0.001). Most IFNλ AAB-positive COVID-19 samples (67%) did not neutralize any of the 3 IFNλ subtypes. Pan-IFNλ neutralization occurred in 5 patients (0.50%), who all suffered from severe COVID-19 pneumonia, and 4 of them neutralized IFNα2 in addition to IFNλ. Overall, AABs to type III IFNs are rarely neutralizing, and do not seem to predispose to severe COVID-19 pneumonia on their own.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martti Vanker
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine; Institute of Clinical Medicine; University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Karita Särekannu
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine; Institute of Clinical Medicine; University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Arnaud Fekkar
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Sofie Eg Jørgensen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Liis Haljasmägi
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine; Institute of Clinical Medicine; University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anne Kallaste
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kalle Kisand
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine; University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Margus Lember
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine; University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Pärt Peterson
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine; Institute of Clinical Medicine; University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Madhvi Menon
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Tracy Hussell
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sean Knight
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Respiratory Department, Salford Care Organisation, Northern Care Alliance Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - James Moore-Stanley
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Bastard
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Shen-Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Trine H. Mogensen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Quentin Philippot
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Qian Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Anne Puel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kai Kisand
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine; Institute of Clinical Medicine; University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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22
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Cobat A, Zhang Q, Abel L, Casanova JL, Fellay J. Human Genomics of COVID-19 Pneumonia: Contributions of Rare and Common Variants. Annu Rev Biomed Data Sci 2023; 6:465-486. [PMID: 37196358 PMCID: PMC10879986 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biodatasci-020222-021705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) infection is silent or benign in most infected individuals, but causes hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia in about 10% of cases. We review studies of the human genetics of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia, focusing on both rare and common variants. Large-scale genome-wide association studies have identified more than 20 common loci robustly associated with COVID-19 pneumonia with modest effect sizes, some implicating genes expressed in the lungs or leukocytes. The most robust association, on chromosome 3, concerns a haplotype inherited from Neanderthals. Sequencing studies focusing on rare variants with a strong effect have been particularly successful, identifying inborn errors of type I interferon (IFN) immunity in 1-5% of unvaccinated patients with critical pneumonia, and their autoimmune phenocopy, autoantibodies against type I IFN, in another 15-20% of cases. Our growing understanding of the impact of human genetic variation on immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is enabling health systems to improve protection for individuals and populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Cobat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France;
- Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA;
| | - Qian Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France;
- Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA;
| | - Laurent Abel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France;
- Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA;
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France;
- Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA;
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
| | - Jacques Fellay
- School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland;
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Precision Medicine Unit, Biomedical Data Science Center, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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23
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Philippot Q, Fekkar A, Gervais A, Le Voyer T, Boers LS, Conil C, Bizien L, de Brabander J, Duitman JW, Romano A, Rosain J, Blaize M, Migaud M, Jeljeli M, Hammadi B, Desmons A, Marchal A, Mayaux J, Zhang Q, Jouanguy E, Borie R, Crestani B, Luyt CE, Adle-Biassette H, Sene D, Megarbane B, Cobat A, Bastard P, Bos LDJ, Casanova JL, Puel A. Autoantibodies Neutralizing Type I IFNs in the Bronchoalveolar Lavage of at Least 10% of Patients During Life-Threatening COVID-19 Pneumonia. J Clin Immunol 2023; 43:1093-1103. [PMID: 37209324 PMCID: PMC10199445 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-023-01512-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Autoantibodies (auto-Abs) neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) are found in the blood of at least 15% of unvaccinated patients with life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia. We report here the presence of auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFNs in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of 54 of the 415 unvaccinated patients (13%) with life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia tested. The 54 individuals with neutralizing auto-Abs in the BAL included 45 (11%) with auto-Abs against IFN-α2, 37 (9%) with auto-Abs against IFN-ω, 54 (13%) with auto-Abs against IFN-α2 and/or ω, and five (1%) with auto-Abs against IFN-β, including three (0.7%) with auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-α2, IFN-ω, and IFN-β, and two (0.5%) with auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-α2 and IFN-β. Auto-Abs against IFN-α2 also neutralize the other 12 subtypes of IFN-α. Paired plasma samples were available for 95 patients. All seven patients with paired samples who had detectable auto-Abs in BAL also had detectable auto-Abs in plasma, and one patient had auto-Abs detectable only in blood. Auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFNs are, therefore, present in the alveolar space of at least 10% of patients with life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia. These findings suggest that these auto-Abs impair type I IFN immunity in the lower respiratory tract, thereby contributing to hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Philippot
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Imagine Institute for Genetic Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 24 Boulevard du Montparnasse 75015, EU, Paris, France.
- Imagine Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, EU, France.
| | - Arnaud Fekkar
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Imagine Institute for Genetic Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 24 Boulevard du Montparnasse 75015, EU, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, EU, France
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Parasitologie Mycologie, Paris, EU, France
| | - Adrian Gervais
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Imagine Institute for Genetic Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 24 Boulevard du Montparnasse 75015, EU, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, EU, France
| | - Tom Le Voyer
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Imagine Institute for Genetic Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 24 Boulevard du Montparnasse 75015, EU, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, EU, France
| | - Leonoor S Boers
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Intensive Care Medicine, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, EU, The Netherlands
| | - Clément Conil
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Imagine Institute for Genetic Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 24 Boulevard du Montparnasse 75015, EU, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, EU, France
| | - Lucy Bizien
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Imagine Institute for Genetic Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 24 Boulevard du Montparnasse 75015, EU, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, EU, France
| | - Justin de Brabander
- Center for Experimental Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, EU, Netherlands
| | - Jan Willem Duitman
- Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, EU, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Experimental Immunology, Location University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, EU, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Infection & Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, EU, The Netherlands
| | - Alessia Romano
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Imagine Institute for Genetic Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 24 Boulevard du Montparnasse 75015, EU, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, EU, France
| | - Jérémie Rosain
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Imagine Institute for Genetic Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 24 Boulevard du Montparnasse 75015, EU, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, EU, France
| | - Marion Blaize
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Parasitologie Mycologie, Paris, EU, France
| | - Mélanie Migaud
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Imagine Institute for Genetic Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 24 Boulevard du Montparnasse 75015, EU, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, EU, France
| | - Maxime Jeljeli
- Département 3I « Infection, Immunité Et Inflammation », Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, Université Paris Cité, Paris, EU, France
- Faculté de Médecine, AP-HP-Centre Université de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Université Paris Cité, Paris, EU, France
| | - Boualem Hammadi
- General Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, APHP, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, EU, France
| | - Aurore Desmons
- Clinical Metabolomic Department, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Saint Antoine Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP Sorbonne Université), Paris, France
| | - Astrid Marchal
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Imagine Institute for Genetic Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 24 Boulevard du Montparnasse 75015, EU, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, EU, France
| | - Julien Mayaux
- INSERM, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique, Sorbonne Université, Paris, EU, France
- Site Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Pneumologie, Médecine Intensive et Réanimation, Département R3S, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, Paris, EU, France
| | - Qian Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Imagine Institute for Genetic Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 24 Boulevard du Montparnasse 75015, EU, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, EU, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Imagine Institute for Genetic Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 24 Boulevard du Montparnasse 75015, EU, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, EU, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Raphael Borie
- Service de Pneumologie A Hôpital Bichat, APHP, Paris, EU, France
- Inserm, PHERE, Université Paris Cité, 75018, Paris, EU, France
| | - Bruno Crestani
- Service de Pneumologie A Hôpital Bichat, APHP, Paris, EU, France
- Inserm, PHERE, Université Paris Cité, 75018, Paris, EU, France
| | - Charles Edouard Luyt
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Institut de Cardiologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, EU, France
- Inserm, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Sorbonne Université, Paris, EU, France
| | - Homa Adle-Biassette
- AP-HP, Hôpital Lariboisière, Service Anatomie Pathologique and Université de Paris, Paris, EU, France
- Inserm, NeuroDiderot, Paris, EU, France
| | - Damien Sene
- Internal Medicine Department, AP-HP, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, EU, France
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, EU, France
| | - Bruno Megarbane
- Department of Medical and Toxicological Critical Care, APHP, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, EU, France
- INSERM UMRS-1144, Paris-University, Paris, EU, France
| | - Aurélie Cobat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Imagine Institute for Genetic Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 24 Boulevard du Montparnasse 75015, EU, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, EU, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul Bastard
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Imagine Institute for Genetic Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 24 Boulevard du Montparnasse 75015, EU, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, EU, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Pediatric Hematology-Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Lieuwe D J Bos
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Intensive Care Medicine, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, EU, The Netherlands
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Imagine Institute for Genetic Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 24 Boulevard du Montparnasse 75015, EU, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, EU, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, EU, France
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anne Puel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Imagine Institute for Genetic Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 24 Boulevard du Montparnasse 75015, EU, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, EU, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
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24
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Savan R, Gale M. Innate immunity and interferon in SARS-CoV-2 infection outcome. Immunity 2023; 56:1443-1450. [PMID: 37437537 PMCID: PMC10361255 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Innate immunity and the actions of type I and III interferons (IFNs) are essential for protection from SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. Each is induced in response to infection and serves to restrict viral replication and spread while directing the polarization and modulation of the adaptive immune response. Owing to the distribution of their specific receptors, type I and III IFNs, respectively, impart systemic and local actions. Therapeutic IFN has been administered to combat COVID-19 but with differential outcomes when given early or late in infection. In this perspective, we sort out the role of innate immunity and complex actions of IFNs in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19. We conclude that IFNs are a beneficial component of innate immunity that has mediated natural clearance of infection in over 700 million people. Therapeutic induction of innate immunity and use of IFN should be featured in strategies to treat acute SARS-CoV-2 infection in people at risk for severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Savan
- Department of Immunology and Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, 750 Republican St., Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Michael Gale
- Department of Immunology and Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, 750 Republican St., Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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25
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Gray PE, David C. Inborn Errors of Immunity and Autoimmune Disease. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2023; 11:1602-1622. [PMID: 37119983 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2023.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmunity may be a manifestation of inborn errors of immunity, specifically as part of the subgroup of primary immunodeficiency known as primary immune regulatory disorders. However, although making a single gene diagnosis can have important implications for prognosis and management, picking patients to screen can be difficult, against a background of a high prevalence of autoimmune disease in the population. This review compares the genetics of common polygenic and rare monogenic autoimmunity, and explores the molecular mechanisms, phenotypes, and inheritance of autoimmunity associated with primary immune regulatory disorders, highlighting the emerging importance of gain-of-function and non-germline somatic mutations. A novel framework for identifying rare monogenic cases of common diseases in children is presented, highlighting important clinical and immunologic features that favor single gene disease and guides clinicians in selecting appropriate patients for genomic screening. In addition, there will be a review of autoimmunity in non-genetically defined primary immunodeficiency such as common variable immunodeficiency, and of instances where primary autoimmunity can result in clinical phenocopies of inborn errors of immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Edgar Gray
- Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia; Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia.
| | - Clementine David
- Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia; The School of Women's & Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia
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26
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Quiros-Roldan E, Sottini A, Signorini SG, Serana F, Tiecco G, Imberti L. Autoantibodies to Interferons in Infectious Diseases. Viruses 2023; 15:v15051215. [PMID: 37243300 DOI: 10.3390/v15051215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-cytokine autoantibodies and, in particular, anti-type I interferons are increasingly described in association with immunodeficient, autoimmune, and immune-dysregulated conditions. Their presence in otherwise healthy individuals may result in a phenotype characterized by a predisposition to infections with several agents. For instance, anti-type I interferon autoantibodies are implicated in Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pathogenesis and found preferentially in patients with critical disease. However, autoantibodies were also described in the serum of patients with viral, bacterial, and fungal infections not associated with COVID-19. In this review, we provide an overview of anti-cytokine autoantibodies identified to date and their clinical associations; we also discuss whether they can act as enemies or friends, i.e., are capable of acting in a beneficial or harmful way, and if they may be linked to gender or immunosenescence. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the production of autoantibodies could improve the approach to treating some infections, focusing not only on pathogens, but also on the possibility of a low degree of autoimmunity in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Quiros-Roldan
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia and University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sottini
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Federico Serana
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Tiecco
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia and University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Luisa Imberti
- Section of Microbiology, University of Brescia, P. le Spedali Civili, 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy
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27
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Ghimire R, Shrestha R, Amaradhi R, Patton T, Whitley C, Chanda D, Liu L, Ganesh T, More S, Channappanavar R. Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)-mediated antiviral response protects mice from lethal SARS-CoV-2 infection. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.08.539929. [PMID: 37214943 PMCID: PMC10197544 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.08.539929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2-induced impaired antiviral and excessive inflammatory responses cause fatal pneumonia. However, the key pattern recognition receptors that elicit effective antiviral and lethal inflammatory responses in-vivo are not well defined. CoVs possess single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) genome that is abundantly produced during infection and stimulates both antiviral interferon (IFN) and inflammatory cytokine/ chemokine responses. Therefore, in this study, using wild-type control and TLR7 deficient BALB/c mice infected with a mouse-adapted SARS-COV-2 (MA-CoV-2), we evaluated the role of TLR7 signaling in MA-CoV-2-induced antiviral and inflammatory responses and disease outcome. We show that TLR7-deficient mice are more susceptible to MA-CoV-2 infection as compared to infected control mice. Further evaluation of MA-CoV-2 infected lungs showed significantly reduced mRNA levels of antiviral type I (IFNα/β) and type III (IFNλ) IFNs, IFN stimulated genes (ISGs, ISG15 and CXCL10), and several pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines in TLR7 deficient compared to control mice. Reduced lung IFN/ISG levels and increased morbidity/mortality in TLR7 deficient mice correlated with high lung viral titer. Detailed examination of total cells from MA-CoV-2 infected lungs showed high neutrophil count in TLR7 deficient mice compared to control mice. Additionally, blocking TLR7 activity post-MA-CoV-2 infection using a specific inhibitor also enhanced disease severity. In summary, our results conclusively establish that TLR7 signaling is protective during SARS-CoV-2 infection, and despite robust inflammatory response, TLR7-mediated IFN/ISG responses likely protect the host from lethal disease. Given similar outcomes in control and TLR7 deficient humans and mice, these results show that MA-CoV-2 infected mice serve as excellent model to study COVID-19.
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García-García A, Pérez de Diego R, Flores C, Rinchai D, Solé-Violán J, Deyà-Martínez À, García-Solis B, Lorenzo-Salazar JM, Hernández-Brito E, Lanz AL, Moens L, Bucciol G, Almuqamam M, Domachowske JB, Colino E, Santos-Perez JL, Marco FM, Pignata C, Bousfiha A, Turvey SE, Bauer S, Haerynck F, Ocejo-Vinyals JG, Lendinez F, Prader S, Naumann-Bartsch N, Pachlopnik Schmid J, Biggs CM, Hildebrand K, Dreesman A, Cárdenes MÁ, Ailal F, Benhsaien I, Giardino G, Molina-Fuentes A, Fortuny C, Madhavarapu S, Conway DH, Prando C, Schidlowski L, Martínez de Saavedra Álvarez MT, Alfaro R, Rodríguez de Castro F, Meyts I, Hauck F, Puel A, Bastard P, Boisson B, Jouanguy E, Abel L, Cobat A, Zhang Q, Casanova JL, Alsina L, Rodríguez-Gallego C. Humans with inherited MyD88 and IRAK-4 deficiencies are predisposed to hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20220170. [PMID: 36880831 PMCID: PMC9998661 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20220170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
X-linked recessive deficiency of TLR7, a MyD88- and IRAK-4-dependent endosomal ssRNA sensor, impairs SARS-CoV-2 recognition and type I IFN production in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), thereby underlying hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia with high penetrance. We report 22 unvaccinated patients with autosomal recessive MyD88 or IRAK-4 deficiency infected with SARS-CoV-2 (mean age: 10.9 yr; 2 mo to 24 yr), originating from 17 kindreds from eight countries on three continents. 16 patients were hospitalized: six with moderate, four with severe, and six with critical pneumonia, one of whom died. The risk of hypoxemic pneumonia increased with age. The risk of invasive mechanical ventilation was also much greater than in age-matched controls from the general population (OR: 74.7, 95% CI: 26.8-207.8, P < 0.001). The patients' susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 can be attributed to impaired TLR7-dependent type I IFN production by pDCs, which do not sense SARS-CoV-2 correctly. Patients with inherited MyD88 or IRAK-4 deficiency were long thought to be selectively vulnerable to pyogenic bacteria, but also have a high risk of hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana García-García
- Pediatric Allergy and Clinical Immunology Dept., Clinical Immunology and Primary Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Study Group for Immune Dysfunction Diseases in Children, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu-Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rebeca Pérez de Diego
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Human Diseases, IdiPAZ Institute for Health Research, La Paz Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Flores
- Genomics Division, Instituto Tecnológico y de Energías Renovables, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario N.S. de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Dept. of Clinical Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa Canarias, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Darawan Rinchai
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jordi Solé-Violán
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Dept. of Clinical Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa Canarias, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Dept. of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Gran Canaria Dr. Negrin, Canarian Health System, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Àngela Deyà-Martínez
- Pediatric Allergy and Clinical Immunology Dept., Clinical Immunology and Primary Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Study Group for Immune Dysfunction Diseases in Children, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu-Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Blanca García-Solis
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Human Diseases, IdiPAZ Institute for Health Research, La Paz Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M. Lorenzo-Salazar
- Genomics Division, Instituto Tecnológico y de Energías Renovables, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Elisa Hernández-Brito
- Dept. of Immunology, University Hospital of Gran Canaria Dr. Negrin, Canarian Health System, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Anna-Lisa Lanz
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Leen Moens
- Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity, Dept. of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Giorgia Bucciol
- Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity, Dept. of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Childhood Immunology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mohamed Almuqamam
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Drexel University College of Medicine, St Christopher’s Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Elena Colino
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular-Materno Infantil, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Juan Luis Santos-Perez
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Pediatría y Cirugía Pediátrica, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves-IBS, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco M. Marco
- Dept. of Immunology, Alicante University General Hospital Doctor Balmis, Alicante, Spain
- Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research, Alicante, Spain
| | - Claudio Pignata
- Dept. of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Pediatrics, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Aziz Bousfiha
- Dept. of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Clinical Immunology, Ibn Rushd University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco
- Clinical Immunology, Autoimmunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Stuart E. Turvey
- Dept. of Paediatrics, BC Children’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Stefanie Bauer
- Clinic for Children and Adolescents. Dept. of Hematology and Oncology. University Clinic Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Filomeen Haerynck
- Dept. of Pediatric Immunology and Pulmonology, Centre for Primary Immune Deficiency Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Dept. of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, PID Research Laboratory, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Francisco Lendinez
- Dept. of Pediatric Oncohematology, Hospital Materno Infantil Torrecárdenas, Almería, Spain
| | - Seraina Prader
- Division of Immunology and Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nora Naumann-Bartsch
- Clinic for Children and Adolescents. Dept. of Hematology and Oncology. University Clinic Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jana Pachlopnik Schmid
- Division of Immunology and Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Catherine M. Biggs
- Dept. of Paediatrics, BC Children’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Kyla Hildebrand
- Dept. of Paediatrics, BC Children’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - Miguel Ángel Cárdenes
- Dept. of Internal Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Gran Canaria Dr. Negrin, Canarian Health System, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Fatima Ailal
- Dept. of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Clinical Immunology, Ibn Rushd University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco
- Clinical Immunology, Autoimmunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Ibtihal Benhsaien
- Dept. of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Clinical Immunology, Ibn Rushd University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco
- Clinical Immunology, Autoimmunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Giuliana Giardino
- Dept. of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Pediatrics, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Claudia Fortuny
- Study Group for Immune Dysfunction Diseases in Children, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain; Translational Research Network in Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Madrid, Spain
- Dept. of Surgery and Surgical Specializations, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Swetha Madhavarapu
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Drexel University College of Medicine, St Christopher’s Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel H. Conway
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Drexel University College of Medicine, St Christopher’s Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Carolina Prando
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Hospital Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Laire Schidlowski
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Hospital Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Alfaro
- Dept. of Immunology, University Hospital of Gran Canaria Dr. Negrin, Canarian Health System, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Felipe Rodríguez de Castro
- Dept. of Medical and Surgical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Dept. of Respiratory Diseases, University Hospital of Gran Canaria Dr. Negrin, Canarian Health System, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Isabelle Meyts
- Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity, Dept. of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Childhood Immunology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Fabian Hauck
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Anne Puel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Paul Bastard
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Pediatric Hematology and Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Bertrand Boisson
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Abel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Cobat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Qian Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- University Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laia Alsina
- Pediatric Allergy and Clinical Immunology Dept., Clinical Immunology and Primary Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Study Group for Immune Dysfunction Diseases in Children, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu-Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Dept. of Surgery and Surgical Specializations, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Rodríguez-Gallego
- Dept. of Clinical Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa Canarias, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Dept. of Immunology, University Hospital of Gran Canaria Dr. Negrin, Canarian Health System, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Dept. of Medical and Surgical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
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29
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Su HC, Jing H, Zhang Y, Casanova JL. Interfering with Interferons: A Critical Mechanism for Critical COVID-19 Pneumonia. Annu Rev Immunol 2023; 41:561-585. [PMID: 37126418 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-101921-050835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Infection with SARS-CoV-2 results in clinical outcomes ranging from silent or benign infection in most individuals to critical pneumonia and death in a few. Genetic studies in patients have established that critical cases can result from inborn errors of TLR3- or TLR7-dependent type I interferon immunity, or from preexisting autoantibodies neutralizing primarily IFN-α and/or IFN-ω. These findings are consistent with virological studies showing that multiple SARS-CoV-2 proteins interfere with pathways of induction of, or response to, type I interferons. They are also congruent with cellular studies and mouse models that found that type I interferons can limit SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro and in vivo, while their absence or diminution unleashes viral growth. Collectively, these findings point to insufficient type I interferon during the first days of infection as a general mechanism underlying critical COVID-19 pneumonia, with implications for treatment and directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen C Su
- Human Immunological Diseases Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH; Bethesda, Maryland, USA;
| | - Huie Jing
- Human Immunological Diseases Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH; Bethesda, Maryland, USA;
| | - Yu Zhang
- Human Immunological Diseases Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH; Bethesda, Maryland, USA;
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163, Paris, France
- University of Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
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30
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Upadhyay AA, Viox EG, Hoang TN, Boddapati AK, Pino M, Lee MYH, Corry J, Strongin Z, Cowan DA, Beagle EN, Horton TR, Hamilton S, Aoued H, Harper JL, Edwards CT, Nguyen K, Pellegrini KL, Tharp GK, Piantadosi A, Levit RD, Amara RR, Barratt-Boyes SM, Ribeiro SP, Sekaly RP, Vanderford TH, Schinazi RF, Paiardini M, Bosinger SE. TREM2 + and interstitial-like macrophages orchestrate airway inflammation in SARS-CoV-2 infection in rhesus macaques. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1914. [PMID: 37024448 PMCID: PMC10078029 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37425-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The immunopathological mechanisms driving the development of severe COVID-19 remain poorly defined. Here, we utilize a rhesus macaque model of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection to delineate perturbations in the innate immune system. SARS-CoV-2 initiates a rapid infiltration of plasmacytoid dendritic cells into the lower airway, commensurate with IFNA production, natural killer cell activation, and a significant increase of blood CD14-CD16+ monocytes. To dissect the contribution of lung myeloid subsets to airway inflammation, we generate a longitudinal scRNA-Seq dataset of airway cells, and map these subsets to corresponding populations in the human lung. SARS-CoV-2 infection elicits a rapid recruitment of two macrophage subsets: CD163+MRC1-, and TREM2+ populations that are the predominant source of inflammatory cytokines. Treatment with baricitinib (Olumiant®), a JAK1/2 inhibitor is effective in eliminating the influx of non-alveolar macrophages, with a reduction of inflammatory cytokines. This study delineates the major lung macrophage subsets driving airway inflammation during SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit A Upadhyay
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Elise G Viox
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Timothy N Hoang
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Arun K Boddapati
- Emory NPRC Genomics Core Laboratory, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Maria Pino
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michelle Y-H Lee
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jacqueline Corry
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zachary Strongin
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - David A Cowan
- Emory NPRC Genomics Core Laboratory, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Elizabeth N Beagle
- Emory NPRC Genomics Core Laboratory, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tristan R Horton
- Emory NPRC Genomics Core Laboratory, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sydney Hamilton
- Emory NPRC Genomics Core Laboratory, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hadj Aoued
- Emory NPRC Genomics Core Laboratory, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Justin L Harper
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Christopher T Edwards
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kevin Nguyen
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kathryn L Pellegrini
- Emory NPRC Genomics Core Laboratory, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Gregory K Tharp
- Emory NPRC Genomics Core Laboratory, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Anne Piantadosi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rebecca D Levit
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rama R Amara
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Simon M Barratt-Boyes
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Susan P Ribeiro
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rafick P Sekaly
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Thomas H Vanderford
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Raymond F Schinazi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emory University and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mirko Paiardini
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Steven E Bosinger
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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31
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Eleftheriotis G, Tsounis EP, Aggeletopoulou I, Dousdampanis P, Triantos C, Mouzaki A, Marangos M, Assimakopoulos SF. Alterations in gut immunological barrier in SARS-CoV-2 infection and their prognostic potential. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1129190. [PMID: 37006316 PMCID: PMC10050566 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1129190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Although coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is primarily associated with mild respiratory symptoms, a subset of patients may develop more complicated disease with systemic complications and multiple organ injury. The gastrointestinal tract may be directly infected by SARS-CoV-2 or secondarily affected by viremia and the release of inflammatory mediators that cause viral entry from the respiratory epithelium. Impaired intestinal barrier function in SARS-CoV-2 infection is a key factor leading to excessive microbial and endotoxin translocation, which triggers a strong systemic immune response and leads to the development of viral sepsis syndrome with severe sequelae. Multiple components of the gut immune system are affected, resulting in a diminished or dysfunctional gut immunological barrier. Antiviral peptides, inflammatory mediators, immune cell chemotaxis, and secretory immunoglobulins are important parameters that are negatively affected in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Mucosal CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, Th17 cells, neutrophils, dendritic cells, and macrophages are activated, and the number of regulatory T cells decreases, promoting an overactivated immune response with increased expression of type I and III interferons and other proinflammatory cytokines. The changes in the immunologic barrier could be promoted in part by a dysbiotic gut microbiota, through commensal-derived signals and metabolites. On the other hand, the proinflammatory intestinal environment could further compromise the integrity of the intestinal epithelium by promoting enterocyte apoptosis and disruption of tight junctions. This review summarizes the changes in the gut immunological barrier during SARS-CoV-2 infection and their prognostic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerasimos Eleftheriotis
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Efthymios P. Tsounis
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Ioanna Aggeletopoulou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
- Laboratory of Immunohematology, Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Periklis Dousdampanis
- Department of Renal Diseases, “Agios Andreas” Patras State General Hospital, Patras, Greece
| | - Christos Triantos
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Athanasia Mouzaki
- Laboratory of Immunohematology, Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Markos Marangos
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Stelios F. Assimakopoulos
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
- *Correspondence: Stelios F. Assimakopoulos,
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32
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Feng A, Yang EY, Moore AR, Dhingra S, Chang SE, Yin X, Pi R, Mack EK, Völkel S, Geßner R, Gündisch M, Neubauer A, Renz H, Tsiodras S, Fragkou PC, Asuni AA, Levitt JE, Wilson JG, Leong M, Lumb JH, Mao R, Pinedo K, Roque J, Richards CM, Stabile M, Swaminathan G, Salagianni ML, Triantafyllia V, Bertrams W, Blish CA, Carette JE, Frankovich J, Meffre E, Nadeau KC, Singh U, Wang TT, Luning Prak ET, Herold S, Andreakos E, Schmeck B, Skevaki C, Rogers AJ, Utz PJ. Autoantibodies are highly prevalent in non-SARS-CoV-2 respiratory infections and critical illness. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e163150. [PMID: 36752204 PMCID: PMC9977421 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.163150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The widespread presence of autoantibodies in acute infection with SARS-CoV-2 is increasingly recognized, but the prevalence of autoantibodies in non-SARS-CoV-2 infections and critical illness has not yet been reported. We profiled IgG autoantibodies in 267 patients from 5 independent cohorts with non-SARS-CoV-2 viral, bacterial, and noninfectious critical illness. Serum samples were screened using Luminex arrays that included 58 cytokines and 55 autoantigens, many of which are associated with connective tissue diseases (CTDs). Samples positive for anti-cytokine antibodies were tested for receptor blocking activity using cell-based functional assays. Anti-cytokine antibodies were identified in > 50% of patients across all 5 acutely ill cohorts. In critically ill patients, anti-cytokine antibodies were far more common in infected versus uninfected patients. In cell-based functional assays, 11 of 39 samples positive for select anti-cytokine antibodies displayed receptor blocking activity against surface receptors for Type I IFN, GM-CSF, and IL-6. Autoantibodies against CTD-associated autoantigens were also commonly observed, including newly detected antibodies that emerged in longitudinal samples. These findings demonstrate that anti-cytokine and autoantibodies are common across different viral and nonviral infections and range in severity of illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan Feng
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection
| | - Emily Y. Yang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection
| | - Andrew Reese Moore
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Shaurya Dhingra
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection
| | - Sarah Esther Chang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection
| | - Xihui Yin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection
| | - Ruoxi Pi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Elisabeth K.M. Mack
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Immunology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Sara Völkel
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Philipps University Marburg, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany
| | - Reinhard Geßner
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Philipps University Marburg, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany
| | - Margrit Gündisch
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Philipps University Marburg, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Neubauer
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Immunology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Harald Renz
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Philipps University Marburg, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany
| | - Sotirios Tsiodras
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevi C. Fragkou
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
- European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID), Study Group for Respiratory Viruses (ESGREV), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Adijat A. Asuni
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Joseph E. Levitt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | | | - Michelle Leong
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jennifer H. Lumb
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Rong Mao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection
| | - Kassandra Pinedo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jonasel Roque
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Christopher M. Richards
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Mikayla Stabile
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Gayathri Swaminathan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection
| | - Maria L. Salagianni
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Triantafyllia
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Wilhelm Bertrams
- Institute for Lung Research, UGMLC, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Catherine A. Blish
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jan E. Carette
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jennifer Frankovich
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Immunology, Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Eric Meffre
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kari Christine Nadeau
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection
- Department of Medicine, Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Upinder Singh
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Taia T. Wang
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Eline T. Luning Prak
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Susanne Herold
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, UKGM, Justus Liebig University, and Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Giessen, Germany
- DZL and UGMLC, Giessen, Germany
| | - Evangelos Andreakos
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Bernd Schmeck
- Institute for Lung Research, UGMLC, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University Medical Center Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- DZL, German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Center for Synthetic Microbiology (SYNMIKRO), Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Chrysanthi Skevaki
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Philipps University Marburg, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany
| | - Angela J. Rogers
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Paul J. Utz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection
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33
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Casanova JL, Anderson MS. Unlocking life-threatening COVID-19 through two types of inborn errors of type I IFNs. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e166283. [PMID: 36719370 PMCID: PMC9888384 DOI: 10.1172/jci166283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Since 2003, rare inborn errors of human type I IFN immunity have been discovered, each underlying a few severe viral illnesses. Autoantibodies neutralizing type I IFNs due to rare inborn errors of autoimmune regulator (AIRE)-driven T cell tolerance were discovered in 2006, but not initially linked to any viral disease. These two lines of clinical investigation converged in 2020, with the discovery that inherited and/or autoimmune deficiencies of type I IFN immunity accounted for approximately 15%-20% of cases of critical COVID-19 pneumonia in unvaccinated individuals. Thus, insufficient type I IFN immunity at the onset of SARS-CoV-2 infection may be a general determinant of life-threatening COVID-19. These findings illustrate the unpredictable, but considerable, contribution of the study of rare human genetic diseases to basic biology and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mark S. Anderson
- Diabetes Center and
- Department of Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
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34
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Yunis J, Short KR, Yu D. Severe respiratory viral infections: T-cell functions diverging from immunity to inflammation. Trends Microbiol 2023; 31:644-656. [PMID: 36635162 PMCID: PMC9829516 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2022.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory viral infections such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and influenza A virus (IAV) trigger distinct clinical outcomes defined by immunity-based viral clearance or disease associated with exaggerated and prolonged inflammation. The important role of T cells in shaping both antiviral immunity and inflammation has revived interest in understanding the host-pathogen interactions that lead to the diverse functions of T cells in respiratory viral infections. Inborn deficiencies and acquired insufficiency in immunity can prolong infection and shift the immune response towards exacerbated inflammation, which results from persistent innate immune activation and bystander T-cell activation that is nonspecific to the pathogen but is often driven by cytokines. This review discusses how virus variants, exposure doses, routes of infection, host genetics, and immune history can modulate the activation and function of T cells, thus influencing clinical outcomes. Knowledge of virus-host interaction can inform strategies to prevent immune dysfunction in respiratory viral infection and help in the treatment of associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Yunis
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia,Correspondence:
| | - Kirsty R. Short
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Di Yu
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia,Ian Frazer Centre for Children’s Immunotherapy Research, Child Health Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia,Correspondence:
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35
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Novick D. A natural goldmine of binding proteins and soluble receptors simplified their translation to blockbuster drugs, all in one decade. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1151620. [PMID: 36875111 PMCID: PMC9980337 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1151620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Human urinary proteins are a goldmine of natural proteins a feature that simplifies their translation to biologics. Combining this goldmine together with the ligand-affinity-chromatography (LAC) purification method, proved a winning formula in their isolation. LAC specificity, efficiency, simplicity and inherent indispensability in the search for predictable and unpredictable proteins, is superior to other separation techniques. Unlimited amounts of recombinant cytokines and monoclonal antibodies (mAb) accelerated the "triumph". My approach concluded 35 years of worldwide pursuit for Type I IFN receptor (IFNAR2) and advanced the understanding of the signal transduction of this Type of IFN. TNF, IFNγ and IL-6 as baits enabled the isolation of their corresponding soluble receptors and N-terminal amino acid sequence of the isolated proteins facilitated the cloning of their cell surface counterparts. IL-18, IL-32, and heparanase as the baits yielded the corresponding unpredictable proteins: the antidote IL-18 Binding Protein (IL-18BP), the enzyme Proteinase 3 (PR3) and the hormone Resistin. IFNβ proved beneficial in Multiple Sclerosis and is a blockbuster drug, Rebif®. TNF mAbs translated into Remicade® to treat Crohn's disease. Enbrel® based on TBPII is for Rheumatoid Arthritis. Both are blockbusters. Tadekinig alfa™, a recombinant IL-18BP, is in phase III clinical study for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Seven years of continuous compassionate use of Tadekinig alfa™ in children born with mutations (NLRC4, XIAP) proved life-saving and is an example of tailored made medicine. IL-18 is a checkpoint biomarker in cancer and IL-18BP is planned recently to target cytokine storms resulting from CAR-T treatment and in COVID 19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Novick
- Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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36
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Arrestier R, Bastard P, Belmondo T, Voiriot G, Urbina T, Luyt CE, Gervais A, Bizien L, Segaux L, Ben Ahmed M, Bellaïche R, Pham T, Ait-Hamou Z, Roux D, Clere-Jehl R, Azoulay E, Gaudry S, Mayaux J, Fage N, Ait-Oufella H, Moncomble E, Parfait M, Dorgham K, Gorochov G, Mekontso-Dessap A, Canoui-Poitrine F, Casanova JL, Hue S, de Prost N. Auto-antibodies against type I IFNs in > 10% of critically ill COVID-19 patients: a prospective multicentre study. Ann Intensive Care 2022; 12:121. [PMID: 36586050 PMCID: PMC9803887 DOI: 10.1186/s13613-022-01095-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Auto-antibodies (auto-Abs) neutralizing type I interferons (IFN) have been found in about 15% of critical cases COVID-19 pneumonia and less than 1% of mild or asymptomatic cases. Determining whether auto-Abs influence presentation and outcome of critically ill COVID-19 patients could lead to specific therapeutic interventions. Our objectives were to compare the severity at admission and the mortality of patients hospitalized for critical COVID-19 in ICU with versus without auto-Abs. RESULTS We conducted a prospective multicentre cohort study including patients admitted in 11 intensive care units (ICUs) from Great Paris area hospitals with proven SARS-CoV-2 infection and acute respiratory failure. 925 critically ill COVID-19 patients were included. Auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFN-α2, β and/or ω were found in 96 patients (10.3%). Demographics and comorbidities did not differ between patients with versus without auto-Abs. At ICU admission, Auto-Abs positive patients required a higher FiO2 (100% (70-100) vs. 90% (60-100), p = 0.01), but were not different in other characteristics. Mortality at day 28 was not different between patients with and without auto-Abs (18.7 vs. 23.7%, p = 0.279). In multivariable analysis, 28-day mortality was associated with age (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.06 [1.04-1.08], p < 0.001), SOFA score (aOR = 1.18 [1.12-1.23], p < 0.001) and immunosuppression (aOR = 1.82 [1.1-3.0], p = 0.02), but not with the presence of auto-Abs (aOR = 0.69 [0.38-1.26], p = 0.23). CONCLUSIONS In ICU patients, auto-Abs against type I IFNs were found in at least 10% of patients with critical COVID-19 pneumonia. They were not associated with day 28 mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Arrestier
- grid.412116.10000 0004 1799 3934Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Service de Réanimation Médicale, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, 94010 Paris, Cedex, France ,grid.410511.00000 0001 2149 7878Groupe de Recherche Clinique CARMAS, Faculté de Santé de Créteil, Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, 94010 Paris, Cedex, France ,grid.462410.50000 0004 0386 3258INSERM, IMRB, Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, 94010 Paris, Cedex, France
| | - Paul Bastard
- grid.412134.10000 0004 0593 9113Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France ,grid.10988.380000 0001 2173 743XImagine Institute, University of Paris, Paris, France ,grid.134907.80000 0001 2166 1519St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY USA
| | - Thibaut Belmondo
- grid.50550.350000 0001 2175 4109Département d’Hématologie et d’Immunologie Biologiques, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Groupe Hospitalo-Universitaire Chenevier Mondor, Créteil, 94010 Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Voiriot
- Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, Hôpital Tenon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Tomas Urbina
- grid.412370.30000 0004 1937 1100Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Charles-Edouard Luyt
- grid.462844.80000 0001 2308 1657Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Sorbonne Université, Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France ,grid.477396.80000 0004 3982 4357INSERM UMRS_1166-iCAN, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Adrian Gervais
- grid.412134.10000 0004 0593 9113Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France ,grid.10988.380000 0001 2173 743XImagine Institute, University of Paris, Paris, France ,grid.134907.80000 0001 2166 1519St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY USA
| | - Lucy Bizien
- grid.412134.10000 0004 0593 9113Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France ,grid.10988.380000 0001 2173 743XImagine Institute, University of Paris, Paris, France ,grid.134907.80000 0001 2166 1519St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY USA
| | - Lauriane Segaux
- grid.462410.50000 0004 0386 3258INSERM, IMRB, Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, 94010 Paris, Cedex, France ,grid.50550.350000 0001 2175 4109Unité de Recherche Clinique AP-HP, Hôpitaux Henri-Mondor, 94010 Creteil, Cedex, France
| | - Mariem Ben Ahmed
- grid.10988.380000 0001 2173 743XImagine Institute, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Raphaël Bellaïche
- grid.412116.10000 0004 1799 3934Service d’Anesthésie-Réanimation Chirurgicale, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Taï Pham
- grid.413784.d0000 0001 2181 7253Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, AP-HP, Hôpital de Bicêtre, DMU 4 CORREVE Maladies du Cœur et des Vaisseaux, FHU Sepsis, Groupe de Recherche Clinique CARMAS, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Zakaria Ait-Hamou
- grid.411784.f0000 0001 0274 3893Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Centre & Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Damien Roux
- grid.414205.60000 0001 0273 556XMédecine Intensive Réanimation, AP-HP, Hôpital Louis Mourier, DMU ESPRIT, 92700 Colombes, France
| | - Raphael Clere-Jehl
- grid.413328.f0000 0001 2300 6614Service de médecine intensive et réanimation, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Assistance Publique Des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Elie Azoulay
- grid.413328.f0000 0001 2300 6614Service de médecine intensive et réanimation, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Assistance Publique Des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Gaudry
- grid.413780.90000 0000 8715 2621Département de réanimation médico-chirurgicale, APHP Hôpital Avicenne, Bobigny, France
| | - Julien Mayaux
- grid.50550.350000 0001 2175 4109Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Pneumologie et Réanimation Médicale, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Fage
- grid.413784.d0000 0001 2181 7253Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, AP-HP, Hôpital de Bicêtre, DMU 4 CORREVE Maladies du Cœur et des Vaisseaux, FHU Sepsis, Groupe de Recherche Clinique CARMAS, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Hafid Ait-Oufella
- grid.412370.30000 0004 1937 1100Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Elsa Moncomble
- grid.412116.10000 0004 1799 3934Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Service de Réanimation Médicale, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, 94010 Paris, Cedex, France ,grid.410511.00000 0001 2149 7878Groupe de Recherche Clinique CARMAS, Faculté de Santé de Créteil, Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, 94010 Paris, Cedex, France
| | - Mélodie Parfait
- grid.412116.10000 0004 1799 3934Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Service de Réanimation Médicale, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, 94010 Paris, Cedex, France
| | - Karim Dorgham
- grid.463810.8Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 75013 Paris, France
| | - Guy Gorochov
- grid.463810.8Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 75013 Paris, France ,grid.411439.a0000 0001 2150 9058Département d’Immunologie, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Armand Mekontso-Dessap
- grid.412116.10000 0004 1799 3934Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Service de Réanimation Médicale, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, 94010 Paris, Cedex, France ,grid.410511.00000 0001 2149 7878Groupe de Recherche Clinique CARMAS, Faculté de Santé de Créteil, Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, 94010 Paris, Cedex, France ,grid.462410.50000 0004 0386 3258INSERM, IMRB, Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, 94010 Paris, Cedex, France
| | - Florence Canoui-Poitrine
- grid.462410.50000 0004 0386 3258INSERM, IMRB, Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, 94010 Paris, Cedex, France ,grid.50550.350000 0001 2175 4109Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Pneumologie et Réanimation Médicale, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- grid.412134.10000 0004 0593 9113Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France ,grid.10988.380000 0001 2173 743XImagine Institute, University of Paris, Paris, France ,grid.134907.80000 0001 2166 1519St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY USA
| | - Sophie Hue
- grid.462410.50000 0004 0386 3258INSERM, IMRB, Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, 94010 Paris, Cedex, France ,grid.50550.350000 0001 2175 4109Département d’Hématologie et d’Immunologie Biologiques, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Groupe Hospitalo-Universitaire Chenevier Mondor, Créteil, 94010 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas de Prost
- grid.412116.10000 0004 1799 3934Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Service de Réanimation Médicale, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, 94010 Paris, Cedex, France ,grid.410511.00000 0001 2149 7878Groupe de Recherche Clinique CARMAS, Faculté de Santé de Créteil, Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, 94010 Paris, Cedex, France ,grid.462410.50000 0004 0386 3258INSERM, IMRB, Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, 94010 Paris, Cedex, France
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Host-directed immunotherapy to fight infectious diseases. Curr Opin Pediatr 2022; 34:616-624. [PMID: 36081357 DOI: 10.1097/mop.0000000000001176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review provides readers with examples of refractory infections due to inborn errors of immunity, highlighting how they may be successfully treated by deducing and targeting the underlying immunodeficiency. RECENT FINDINGS The use of host-directed immunotherapy to treat infectious disease in inborn errors of immunity is currently limited but growing. Different strategies include depleting the cellular reservoir for pathogens with restricted cell-tropism; augmenting the diminished effector response; and restoring molecular equipoise. The immunotherapies illustrated are existing drugs that have been re-purposed and rationally used, depending on the molecular or cellular impact of the mutation. As more biologic response modifiers and molecular targeted therapies are developed for other indications, they open the avenues for their use in inborn errors of immunity. Conversely, as more molecular pathways underlying defective immune responses and refractory infections are elucidated, they lend themselves to tractability with these emerging therapies. SUMMARY Infections that fail appropriate antimicrobial therapy are a harbinger of underlying inborn errors of immunity. Dissecting the mechanism by which the immune system fails provides opportunities to target the host response and make it succeed.
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Zhang Q, Pizzorno A, Miorin L, Bastard P, Gervais A, Le Voyer T, Bizien L, Manry J, Rosain J, Philippot Q, Goavec K, Padey B, Cupic A, Laurent E, Saker K, Vanker M, Särekannu K, García-Salum T, Ferres M, Le Corre N, Sánchez-Céspedes J, Balsera-Manzanero M, Carratala J, Retamar-Gentil P, Abelenda-Alonso G, Valiente A, Tiberghien P, Zins M, Debette S, Meyts I, Haerynck F, Castagnoli R, Notarangelo LD, Gonzalez-Granado LI, Dominguez-Pinilla N, Andreakos E, Triantafyllia V, Rodríguez-Gallego C, Solé-Violán J, Ruiz-Hernandez JJ, Rodríguez de Castro F, Ferreres J, Briones M, Wauters J, Vanderbeke L, Feys S, Kuo CY, Lei WT, Ku CL, Tal G, Etzioni A, Hanna S, Fournet T, Casalegno JS, Queromes G, Argaud L, Javouhey E, Rosa-Calatrava M, Cordero E, Aydillo T, Medina RA, Kisand K, Puel A, Jouanguy E, Abel L, Cobat A, Trouillet-Assant S, García-Sastre A, Casanova JL. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs in patients with critical influenza pneumonia. J Exp Med 2022; 219:e20220514. [PMID: 36112363 PMCID: PMC9485705 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20220514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) can underlie critical COVID-19 pneumonia and yellow fever vaccine disease. We report here on 13 patients harboring autoantibodies neutralizing IFN-α2 alone (five patients) or with IFN-ω (eight patients) from a cohort of 279 patients (4.7%) aged 6-73 yr with critical influenza pneumonia. Nine and four patients had antibodies neutralizing high and low concentrations, respectively, of IFN-α2, and six and two patients had antibodies neutralizing high and low concentrations, respectively, of IFN-ω. The patients' autoantibodies increased influenza A virus replication in both A549 cells and reconstituted human airway epithelia. The prevalence of these antibodies was significantly higher than that in the general population for patients <70 yr of age (5.7 vs. 1.1%, P = 2.2 × 10-5), but not >70 yr of age (3.1 vs. 4.4%, P = 0.68). The risk of critical influenza was highest in patients with antibodies neutralizing high concentrations of both IFN-α2 and IFN-ω (OR = 11.7, P = 1.3 × 10-5), especially those <70 yr old (OR = 139.9, P = 3.1 × 10-10). We also identified 10 patients in additional influenza patient cohorts. Autoantibodies neutralizing type I IFNs account for ∼5% of cases of life-threatening influenza pneumonia in patients <70 yr old.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Andrés Pizzorno
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie - Team VirPath, Univ Lyon, INSERM U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Lisa Miorin
- Dept. of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Paul Bastard
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Adrian Gervais
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Tom Le Voyer
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Lucy Bizien
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Jeremy Manry
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Jérémie Rosain
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Quentin Philippot
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Kelian Goavec
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Blandine Padey
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie - Team VirPath, Univ Lyon, INSERM U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Lyon, France
- Signia Therapeutics SAS, Lyon, France
| | - Anastasija Cupic
- Dept. of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Emilie Laurent
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie - Team VirPath, Univ Lyon, INSERM U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Lyon, France
- VirNext, Faculty of Medicine RTH Laennec, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon University, Lyon, France
| | - Kahina Saker
- Joint Research Unit, Hospices Civils de Lyon-bioMérieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon Sud Hospital, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Martti Vanker
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Karita Särekannu
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tamara García-Salum
- Dept. of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Pathology Advanced Translational Research Unit, Dept. of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Marcela Ferres
- Dept. of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicole Le Corre
- Dept. of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Javier Sánchez-Céspedes
- Center for Biomedical Research in Infectious Diseases Network (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Sevilla, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - María Balsera-Manzanero
- Center for Biomedical Research in Infectious Diseases Network (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Sevilla, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Jordi Carratala
- Center for Biomedical Research in Infectious Diseases Network (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Retamar-Gentil
- Center for Biomedical Research in Infectious Diseases Network (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- Infectious Diseases, Microbiology Unit, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | - Gabriela Abelenda-Alonso
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- Dept. of Infectious Diseases, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adoración Valiente
- Center for Biomedical Research in Infectious Diseases Network (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Sevilla, Spain
- Infectious Diseases, Microbiology Unit, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | - Pierre Tiberghien
- Etablissement Francais Du Sang, La Plaine-Saint Denis, Saint-Denis, France
| | - Marie Zins
- University of Paris Cite, University of Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INSERM UMS11, Villejuif, France
| | - Stéphanie Debette
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Center, UMR1219, Bordeaux, France
| | - Isabelle Meyts
- Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity, Dept. of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Filomeen Haerynck
- Dept. of Pediatric Immunology and Pulmonology, Centre for Primary Immunodeficiency Ghent, PID Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Modell Diagnosis and Research Centre, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Riccardo Castagnoli
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Luigi D. Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Luis I. Gonzalez-Granado
- Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital October 12, Research Institute Hospital October 12, School of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nerea Dominguez-Pinilla
- Pediatrics Service, Hematology and Oncology Unit, University Hospital 12 October, Madrid, Spain
| | - Evangelos Andreakos
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Triantafyllia
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Carlos Rodríguez-Gallego
- Dept. of Immunology, University Hospital of Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Canarian Health System, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Dept. of Clinical Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa Canarias, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Jordi Solé-Violán
- Dept. of Clinical Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa Canarias, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Critical Care Unit, University Hospital of Gran Canaria Dr. Negrin, Canarian Health System, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Juan Ruiz-Hernandez
- Dept. of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Gran Canaria Dr. Negrin, Canarian Health System, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Felipe Rodríguez de Castro
- Dept. of Respiratory Diseases, University Hospital of Gran Canaria Dr. Negrin, Canarian Health System, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Dept. of Medical and Surgical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - José Ferreres
- Critical Care Unit, Hospital Clínico de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marisa Briones
- Dept. of Respiratory Diseases, Hospital Clínico y Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Joost Wauters
- Dept. of General Internal Medicine, Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lore Vanderbeke
- Dept. of General Internal Medicine, Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Simon Feys
- Dept. of General Internal Medicine, Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Chen-Yen Kuo
- Laboratory of Human Immunology and Infectious Disease, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Dept. of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Te Lei
- Laboratory of Human Immunology and Infectious Disease, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Lung Ku
- Laboratory of Human Immunology and Infectious Disease, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Dept. of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Galit Tal
- Metabolic Clinic, Ruth Rappaport Children's Hospital, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Amos Etzioni
- Metabolic Clinic, Ruth Rappaport Children's Hospital, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Suhair Hanna
- Metabolic Clinic, Ruth Rappaport Children's Hospital, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Thomas Fournet
- Etablissement Français Du Sang, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Jean-Sebastien Casalegno
- Virology Laboratory, CNR des Virus des Infections Respiratoires, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Gregory Queromes
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie - Team VirPath, Univ Lyon, INSERM U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Laurent Argaud
- Medical Intensive Care Dept., Hospices Civils de Lyon, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, France
| | - Etienne Javouhey
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hopital Femme Mère Enfant, Lyon, France
| | - Manuel Rosa-Calatrava
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie - Team VirPath, Univ Lyon, INSERM U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Lyon, France
- VirNext, Faculty of Medicine RTH Laennec, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon University, Lyon, France
| | - Elisa Cordero
- Center for Biomedical Research in Infectious Diseases Network (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Sevilla, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), CSIC, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- Dept. of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Teresa Aydillo
- Dept. of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Rafael A. Medina
- Dept. of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
- Dept. of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Kai Kisand
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anne Puel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Abel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Cobat
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Trouillet-Assant
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie - Team VirPath, Univ Lyon, INSERM U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Lyon, France
- Joint Research Unit, Hospices Civils de Lyon-bioMérieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon Sud Hospital, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Adolfo García-Sastre
- Dept. of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
- Dept. of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
- Dept. of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY
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Ma H, Murphy C, Loscher CE, O’Kennedy R. Autoantibodies - enemies, and/or potential allies? Front Immunol 2022; 13:953726. [PMID: 36341384 PMCID: PMC9627499 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.953726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoantibodies are well known as potentially highly harmful antibodies which attack the host via binding to self-antigens, thus causing severe associated diseases and symptoms (e.g. autoimmune diseases). However, detection of autoantibodies to a range of disease-associated antigens has enabled their successful usage as important tools in disease diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. There are several advantages of using such autoantibodies. These include the capacity to measure their presence very early in disease development, their stability, which is often much better than their related antigen, and the capacity to use an array of such autoantibodies for enhanced diagnostics and to better predict prognosis. They may also possess capacity for utilization in therapy, in vivo. In this review both the positive and negative aspects of autoantibodies are critically assessed, including their role in autoimmune diseases, cancers and the global pandemic caused by COVID-19. Important issues related to their detection are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ma
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Caroline Murphy
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Richard O’Kennedy
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
- Research, Development and Innovation, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
- Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
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Wang C, Walter JE. Autoantibodies in immunodeficiency syndromes: The Janus faces of immune dysregulation. Blood Rev 2022; 55:100948. [PMID: 35428517 PMCID: PMC11166480 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2022.100948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Immunodeficiency syndromes represent a diverse group of inherited and acquired disorders, characterized by a spectrum of clinical manifestations, including recurrent infections, autoimmunity, lymphoproliferation and malignancy. Autoantibodies against various self-antigens reflect the immune dysregulation underlying these disorders, and could contribute to certain clinical findings, such as susceptibility to opportunistic infections, cytopenia of different hematopoietic lineages, and organ-specific autoimmune diseases. The mechanism of autoantibody production in the context of immunodeficiency remains largely unknown but is likely shaped by both intrinsic genetic aberrations and extrinsic exposures to possible infectious agents. These autoantibodies if harbor neutralizing activities and reach certain levels in the circulation, could disrupt the biological functions of their targets, resulting in specific clinical manifestations. Herein, we reviewed the prevalence of autoantibodies against cytokines, hematopoietic cells and organ-specific antigens in immunodeficiency syndromes and examined their associations with certain clinical findings. Moreover, the potential mechanism of autoantibody production was also discussed. These may shed light on the development of mechanism-based therapies to reset the dysregulated immune system in immunodeficient patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jolan E Walter
- Division of Pediatric Allergy/Immunology, University of South Florida at Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St Petersburg, FL, USA; Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA.
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van der Made CI, Netea MG, van der Veerdonk FL, Hoischen A. Clinical implications of host genetic variation and susceptibility to severe or critical COVID-19. Genome Med 2022; 14:96. [PMID: 35986347 PMCID: PMC9390103 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-022-01100-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the start of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, important insights have been gained into virus biology and the host factors that modulate the human immune response against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 displays a highly variable clinical picture that ranges from asymptomatic disease to lethal pneumonia. Apart from well-established general risk factors such as advanced age, male sex and chronic comorbidities, differences in host genetics have been shown to influence the individual predisposition to develop severe manifestations of COVID-19. These differences range from common susceptibility loci to rare genetic variants with strongly predisposing effects, or proven pathogenic variants that lead to known or novel inborn errors of immunity (IEI), which constitute a growing group of heterogeneous Mendelian disorders with increased susceptibility to infectious disease, auto-inflammation, auto-immunity, allergy or malignancies. The current genetic findings point towards a convergence of common and rare genetic variants that impact the interferon signalling pathways in patients with severe or critical COVID-19. Monogenic risk factors that impact IFN-I signalling have an expected prevalence between 1 and 5% in young, previously healthy individuals (<60 years of age) with critical COVID-19. The identification of these IEI such as X-linked TLR7 deficiency indicates a possibility for targeted genetic screening and personalized clinical management. This review aims to provide an overview of our current understanding of the host genetic factors that predispose to severe manifestations of COVID-19 and focuses on rare variants in IFN-I signalling genes and their potential clinical implications.
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Casanova JL, Abel L. From rare disorders of immunity to common determinants of infection: Following the mechanistic thread. Cell 2022; 185:3086-3103. [PMID: 35985287 PMCID: PMC9386946 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The immense interindividual clinical variability during any infection is a long-standing enigma. Inborn errors of IFN-γ and IFN-α/β immunity underlying rare infections with weakly virulent mycobacteria and seasonal influenza virus have inspired studies of two common infections: tuberculosis and COVID-19. A TYK2 genotype impairing IFN-γ production accounts for about 1% of tuberculosis cases, and autoantibodies neutralizing IFN-α/β account for about 15% of critical COVID-19 cases. The discovery of inborn errors and mechanisms underlying rare infections drove the identification of common monogenic or autoimmune determinants of related common infections. This "rare-to-common" genetic and mechanistic approach to infectious diseases may be of heuristic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Laurent Abel
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
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Mathian A, Breillat P, Dorgham K, Bastard P, Charre C, Lhote R, Quentric P, Moyon Q, Mariaggi AA, Mouries-Martin S, Mellot C, Anna F, Haroche J, Cohen-Aubart F, Sterlin D, Zahr N, Gervais A, Le Voyer T, Bizien L, Amiot Q, Pha M, Hié M, Chasset F, Yssel H, Miyara M, Charneau P, Ghillani-Dalbin P, Casanova JL, Rozenberg F, Amoura Z, Gorochov G. Lower disease activity but higher risk of severe COVID-19 and herpes zoster in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with pre-existing autoantibodies neutralising IFN-α. Ann Rheum Dis 2022; 81:1695-1703. [PMID: 35973806 DOI: 10.1136/ard-2022-222549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Type-I interferons (IFNs-I) have potent antiviral effects. IFNs-I are also overproduced in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Autoantibodies (AAbs) neutralising IFN-α, IFN-β and/or IFN-ω subtypes are strong determinants of hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia, but their impact on inflammation remains unknown. METHODS We retrospectively analysed a monocentric longitudinal cohort of 609 patients with SLE. Serum AAbs against IFN-α were quantified by ELISA and functionally assessed by abolishment of Madin-Darby bovine kidney cell protection by IFN-α2 against vesicular stomatitis virus challenge. Serum-neutralising activity against IFN-α2, IFN-β and IFN-ω was also determined with a reporter luciferase activity assay. SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses were measured against wild-type spike antigen, while serum-neutralising activity was assessed against the SARS-CoV-2 historical strain and variants of concerns. RESULTS Neutralising and non-neutralising anti-IFN-α antibodies are present at a frequency of 3.3% and 8.4%, respectively, in individuals with SLE. AAbs neutralising IFN-α, unlike non-neutralising AAbs, are associated with reduced IFN-α serum levels and a reduced likelihood to develop active disease. However, they predispose patients to an increased risk of herpes zoster and severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Severe COVID-19 pneumonia in patients with SLE is mostly associated with combined neutralisation of different IFNs-I. Finally, anti-IFN-α AAbs do not interfere with COVID-19 vaccine humoral immunogenicity. CONCLUSION The production of non-neutralising and neutralising anti-IFN-I antibodies in SLE is likely to be a consequence of SLE-associated high IFN-I serum levels, with a beneficial effect on disease activity, yet a greater viral risk. This finding reinforces the recommendations for vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Mathian
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de Référence pour le Lupus, le Syndrome des anti-phospholipides et autres maladies auto-immunes rares, Service de Médecine Interne 2, Institut E3M, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | - Paul Breillat
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | - Karim Dorgham
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | - Paul Bastard
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Inserm U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,University of Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Charre
- Université de Paris Cité, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Service de Virologie, Paris, France.,INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Raphael Lhote
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de Référence pour le Lupus, le Syndrome des anti-phospholipides et autres maladies auto-immunes rares, Service de Médecine Interne 2, Institut E3M, Paris, France
| | - Paul Quentric
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | - Quentin Moyon
- Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de Référence pour le Lupus, le Syndrome des anti-phospholipides et autres maladies auto-immunes rares, Service de Médecine Interne 2, Paris, France
| | - Alice-Andrée Mariaggi
- Université de Paris Cité, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Service de Virologie, Paris, France.,INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Suzanne Mouries-Martin
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, Hôpital François-Mitterrand, service de médecine interne et maladies systémiques (médecine interne 2), Dijon, France
| | - Clara Mellot
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | - François Anna
- Pasteur-TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Julien Haroche
- Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de Référence pour le Lupus, le Syndrome des anti-phospholipides et autres maladies auto-immunes rares, Service de Médecine Interne 2, Paris, France
| | - Fleur Cohen-Aubart
- Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de Référence pour le Lupus, le Syndrome des anti-phospholipides et autres maladies auto-immunes rares, Service de Médecine Interne 2, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Sterlin
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France.,Département d'Immunologie, AP-HP, Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Noël Zahr
- Service de Pharmacologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Adrian Gervais
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Inserm U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,University of Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Tom Le Voyer
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Inserm U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,University of Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Lucy Bizien
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Inserm U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
| | - Quentin Amiot
- Département d'Immunologie, AP-HP, Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Micheline Pha
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de Référence pour le Lupus, le Syndrome des anti-phospholipides et autres maladies auto-immunes rares, Service de Médecine Interne 2, Institut E3M, Paris, France
| | - Miguel Hié
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de Référence pour le Lupus, le Syndrome des anti-phospholipides et autres maladies auto-immunes rares, Service de Médecine Interne 2, Institut E3M, Paris, France
| | - Francois Chasset
- Sorbonne Université, Service de dermatologie et allergologie, hôpital Tenon, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Hans Yssel
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France
| | - Makoto Miyara
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France.,Département d'Immunologie, AP-HP, Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Charneau
- Pasteur-TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | | | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Inserm U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,University of Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Flore Rozenberg
- Université de Paris Cité, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Service de Virologie, Paris, France
| | - Zahir Amoura
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de Référence pour le Lupus, le Syndrome des anti-phospholipides et autres maladies auto-immunes rares, Service de Médecine Interne 2, Paris, France
| | - Guy Gorochov
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Paris, France .,Département d'Immunologie, AP-HP, Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has caused millions of deaths in the past two years. Although initially little was understood about this virus, recent research has significantly advanced and landed interferons (IFNs) in the spotlight. While Type I and III IFN have long been known as central to antiviral immunity, in the case of COVID-19 their role was initially controversial. However, the protective function of IFN is now well supported by the identification of human deficiencies in IFN responses as a predictor of disease severity. Here, we will review the cell types and pathways that lead to IFN production as well as the importance of IFN timing and location for disease outcome. We will further discuss the mechanisms that SARS-CoV-2 uses to evade IFN responses, and the current efforts to implement IFNs as therapeutics in the treatment of COVID-19. It is essential to understand the relationships between SARS-CoV-2 and IFN to better inform treatments that exploit IFN functions to alleviate COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Chiale
- Division of Biological SciencesUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Trever T. Greene
- Division of Biological SciencesUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Elina I. Zuniga
- Division of Biological SciencesUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
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45
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Khorramdelazad H, Kazemi MH, Azimi M, Aghamajidi A, Mehrabadi AZ, Shahba F, Aghamohammadi N, Falak R, Faraji F, Jafari R. Type-I interferons in the immunopathogenesis and treatment of Coronavirus disease 2019. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 927:175051. [PMID: 35618037 PMCID: PMC9124632 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is currently the major global health problem. Still, it continues to infect people globally and up to the end of February 2022, over 436 million confirmed cases of COVID-19, including 5.95 million deaths, were reported to the world health organization (WHO). No specific treatment is currently available for COVID-19, and the discovery of effective therapeutics requires understanding the effective immunologic and immunopathologic mechanisms behind this infection. Type-I interferons (IFN-Is), as the critical elements of the immediate immune response against viral infections, can inhibit the replication and spread of the viruses. However, the available evidence shows that the antiviral IFN-I response is impaired in patients with the severe form of COVID-19. Moreover, the administration of exogenous IFN-I in different phases of the disease can lead to various outcomes. Therefore, understanding the role of IFN-I molecules in COVID-19 development and its severity can provide valuable information for better management of this disease. This review summarizes the role of IFN-Is in the pathogenesis of COIVD-19 and discusses the importance of autoantibodies against this cytokine in the spreading of SARS-CoV-2 and control of the subsequent excessive inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Khorramdelazad
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Kazemi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Azimi
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azin Aghamajidi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Zarezadeh Mehrabadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Shahba
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazanin Aghamohammadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Falak
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Faraji
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding author. Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Floor 3, Building No. 3, Hazrat-e Rasool General Hospital, Niyayesh St, Sattar Khan St, 1445613131, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Jafari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran,Corresponding author. Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Shafa St., Ershad Blvd, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, 113857147, Urmia, Iran
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46
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Virus Infection and Systemic Inflammation: Lessons Learnt from COVID-19 and Beyond. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142198. [PMID: 35883640 PMCID: PMC9316821 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory infections with newly emerging zoonotic viruses such as SARS-CoV-2, the etiological agent of COVID-19, often lead to the perturbation of the human innate and adaptive immune responses causing severe disease with high mortality. The responsible mechanisms are commonly virus-specific and often include either over-activated or delayed local interferon responses, which facilitate efficient viral replication in the primary target organ, systemic viral spread, and rapid onset of organ-specific and harmful inflammatory responses. Despite the distinct replication strategies, human infections with SARS-CoV-2 and highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses demonstrate remarkable similarities and differences regarding the mechanisms of immune induction, disease dynamics, as well as the long-term sequelae, which will be discussed in this review. In addition, we will highlight some important lessons about the effectiveness of antiviral and immunomodulatory therapeutic strategies that this pandemic has taught us.
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47
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The Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Patients with Inborn Errors of Immunity: the Experience of the Italian Primary Immunodeficiencies Network (IPINet). J Clin Immunol 2022; 42:935-946. [PMID: 35445287 PMCID: PMC9020753 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-022-01264-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 manifestations range from asymptomatic to life-threatening infections. The outcome in different inborn errors of immunity (IEI) is still a matter of debate. In this retrospective study, we describe the experience of the of the Italian Primary Immunodeficiencies Network (IPINet). Sixteen reference centers for adult or pediatric IEI were involved. One hundred fourteen patients were enrolled including 35 pediatric and 79 adult patients. Median age was 32 years, and male-to-female ratio was 1.5:1. The most common IEI were 22q11.2 deletion syndrome in children (26%) and common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) in adults (65%). Ninety-one patients did not require hospital admission, and among these, 33 were asymptomatic. Hospitalization rate was 20.17%. Older age (p 0.004) and chronic lung disease (p 0.0008) represented risk factors for hospitalization. Hospitalized patients mainly included adults suffering from humoral immunodeficiencies requiring immunoglobulin replacement therapy and as expected had lower B cell counts compared to non-hospitalized patients. Infection fatality rate in the whole cohort was 3.5%. Seroconversion was observed is 86.6% of the patients evaluated and in 83.3% of CVID patients. 16.85% of the patients reported long-lasting COVID symptoms. All but one patient with prolonged symptoms were under IgRT. The fatality rate observed in IEI was slightly similar to the general population. The age of the patients who did not survive was lower compared to the general population, and the age stratified mortality in the 50-60 age range considerable exceeded the mortality from 50 to 60 age group of the Italian population (14.3 vs 0.6%; p < 0.0001). We hypothesize that this is due to the fact that comorbidities in IEI patients are very common and usually appear early in life.
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48
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Tangye SG, Al-Herz W, Bousfiha A, Cunningham-Rundles C, Franco JL, Holland SM, Klein C, Morio T, Oksenhendler E, Picard C, Puel A, Puck J, Seppänen MRJ, Somech R, Su HC, Sullivan KE, Torgerson TR, Meyts I. Human Inborn Errors of Immunity: 2022 Update on the Classification from the International Union of Immunological Societies Expert Committee. J Clin Immunol 2022; 42:1473-1507. [PMID: 35748970 PMCID: PMC9244088 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-022-01289-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 391] [Impact Index Per Article: 195.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We report the updated classification of inborn errors of immunity, compiled by the International Union of Immunological Societies Expert Committee. This report documents the key clinical and laboratory features of 55 novel monogenic gene defects, and 1 phenocopy due to autoantibodies, that have either been discovered since the previous update (published January 2020) or were characterized earlier but have since been confirmed or expanded in subsequent studies. While variants in additional genes associated with immune diseases have been reported in the literature, this update includes only those that the committee assessed that reached the necessary threshold to represent novel inborn errors of immunity. There are now a total of 485 inborn errors of immunity. These advances in discovering the genetic causes of human immune diseases continue to significantly further our understanding of molecular, cellular, and immunological mechanisms of disease pathogenesis, thereby simultaneously enhancing immunological knowledge and improving patient diagnosis and management. This report is designed to serve as a resource for immunologists and geneticists pursuing the molecular diagnosis of individuals with heritable immunological disorders and for the scientific dissection of cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying monogenic and related human immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart G Tangye
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia.
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.
| | - Waleed Al-Herz
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Aziz Bousfiha
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie Clinique, d'Inflammation et d'Allergy LICIA Clinical Immunology Unit, Casablanca Children's Hospital, Ibn Rochd Medical School, King Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | | | - Jose Luis Franco
- Grupo de Inmunodeficiencias Primarias, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Steven M Holland
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology & Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christoph Klein
- Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tomohiro Morio
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eric Oksenhendler
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Hôpital Saint-Louis, APHP, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Capucine Picard
- Study Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, APHP, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV, INSERM UMR1163, Imagine Institute, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Anne Puel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital, 75015, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Jennifer Puck
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco and UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mikko R J Seppänen
- Adult Immunodeficiency Unit, Infectious Diseases, Inflammation Center and Rare Diseases Center, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Raz Somech
- Pediatric Department and Immunology Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Helen C Su
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology & Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kathleen E Sullivan
- Division of Allergy Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Isabelle Meyts
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven and KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
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49
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Herbert A, Poptsova M. Z-RNA and the Flipside of the SARS Nsp13 Helicase: Is There a Role for Flipons in Coronavirus-Induced Pathology? Front Immunol 2022; 13:912717. [PMID: 35784331 PMCID: PMC9247175 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.912717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We present evidence suggesting that the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus non-structural protein 13 (Nsp13) modulates the Z-RNA dependent regulated cell death pathways . We show that Z-prone sequences [called flipons] exist in coronavirus and provide a signature (Z-sig) that enables identification of the animal viruses from which the human pathogens arose. We also identify a potential RIP Homology Interaction Motif (RHIM) in the helicase Nsp13 that resembles those present in proteins that initiate Z-RNA-dependent cell death through interactions with the Z-RNA sensor protein ZBP1. These two observations allow us to suggest a model in which Nsp13 down regulates Z-RNA activated innate immunity by two distinct mechanisms. The first involves a novel ATP-independent Z-flipon helicase (flipase) activity in Nsp13 that differs from that of canonical A-RNA helicases. This flipase prevents formation of Z-RNAs that would otherwise activate cell death pathways. The second mechanism likely inhibits the interactions between ZBP1 and the Receptor Interacting Proteins Kinases RIPK1 and RIPK3 by targeting their RHIM domains. Together the described Nsp13 RHIM and flipase activities have the potential to alter the host response to coronaviruses and impact the design of drugs targeting the Nsp13 protein. The Z-sig and RHIM domains may provide a way of identifying previously uncharacterized viruses that are potentially pathogenic for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Herbert
- InsideOutBio, Discovery, Charlestown, MA, United States
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Faculty of Computer Science, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
- *Correspondence: Alan Herbert,
| | - Maria Poptsova
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Faculty of Computer Science, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
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50
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Manry J, Bastard P, Gervais A, Le Voyer T, Rosain J, Philippot Q, Michailidis E, Hoffmann HH, Eto S, Garcia-Prat M, Bizien L, Parra-Martínez A, Yang R, Haljasmägi L, Migaud M, Särekannu K, Maslovskaja J, de Prost N, Tandjaoui-Lambiotte Y, Luyt CE, Amador-Borrero B, Gaudet A, Poissy J, Morel P, Richard P, Cognasse F, Troya J, Trouillet-Assant S, Belot A, Saker K, Garçon P, Rivière JG, Lagier JC, Gentile S, Rosen LB, Shaw E, Morio T, Tanaka J, Dalmau D, Tharaux PL, Sene D, Stepanian A, Mégarbane B, Triantafyllia V, Fekkar A, Heath JR, Franco JL, Anaya JM, Solé-Violán J, Imberti L, Biondi A, Bonfanti P, Castagnoli R, Delmonte OM, Zhang Y, Snow AL, Holland SM, Biggs CM, Moncada-Vélez M, Arias AA, Lorenzo L, Boucherit S, Anglicheau D, Planas AM, Haerynck F, Duvlis S, Ozcelik T, Keles S, Bousfiha AA, El Bakkouri J, Ramirez-Santana C, Paul S, Pan-Hammarström Q, Hammarström L, Dupont A, Kurolap A, Metz CN, Aiuti A, Casari G, Lampasona V, Ciceri F, Barreiros LA, Dominguez-Garrido E, Vidigal M, Zatz M, van de Beek D, Sahanic S, Tancevski I, Stepanovskyy Y, Boyarchuk O, Nukui Y, Tsumura M, Vidaur L, Tangye SG, Burrel S, Duffy D, Quintana-Murci L, Klocperk A, Kann NY, Shcherbina A, Lau YL, Leung D, Coulongeat M, Marlet J, Koning R, Reyes LF, Chauvineau-Grenier A, Venet F, Monneret G, Nussenzweig MC, Arrestier R, Boudhabhay I, Baris-Feldman H, Hagin D, Wauters J, Meyts I, Dyer AH, Kennelly SP, Bourke NM, Halwani R, Sharif-Askari FS, Dorgham K, Sallette J, Sedkaoui SM, AlKhater S, Rigo-Bonnin R, Morandeira F, Roussel L, Vinh DC, Erikstrup C, Condino-Neto A, Prando C, Bondarenko A, Spaan AN, Gilardin L, Fellay J, Lyonnet S, Bilguvar K, Lifton RP, Mane S, Anderson MS, Boisson B, Béziat V, Zhang SY, Andreakos E, Hermine O, Pujol A, Peterson P, Mogensen TH, Rowen L, Mond J, Debette S, de Lamballerie X, Burdet C, Bouadma L, Zins M, Soler-Palacin P, Colobran R, Gorochov G, Solanich X, Susen S, Martinez-Picado J, Raoult D, Vasse M, Gregersen PK, Piemonti L, Rodríguez-Gallego C, Notarangelo LD, Su HC, Kisand K, Okada S, Puel A, Jouanguy E, Rice CM, Tiberghien P, Zhang Q, Casanova JL, Abel L, Cobat A. The risk of COVID-19 death is much greater and age dependent with type I IFN autoantibodies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2200413119. [PMID: 35576468 PMCID: PMC9173764 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2200413119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection fatality rate (IFR) doubles with every 5 y of age from childhood onward. Circulating autoantibodies neutralizing IFN-α, IFN-ω, and/or IFN-β are found in ∼20% of deceased patients across age groups, and in ∼1% of individuals aged <70 y and in >4% of those >70 y old in the general population. With a sample of 1,261 unvaccinated deceased patients and 34,159 individuals of the general population sampled before the pandemic, we estimated both IFR and relative risk of death (RRD) across age groups for individuals carrying autoantibodies neutralizing type I IFNs, relative to noncarriers. The RRD associated with any combination of autoantibodies was higher in subjects under 70 y old. For autoantibodies neutralizing IFN-α2 or IFN-ω, the RRDs were 17.0 (95% CI: 11.7 to 24.7) and 5.8 (4.5 to 7.4) for individuals <70 y and ≥70 y old, respectively, whereas, for autoantibodies neutralizing both molecules, the RRDs were 188.3 (44.8 to 774.4) and 7.2 (5.0 to 10.3), respectively. In contrast, IFRs increased with age, ranging from 0.17% (0.12 to 0.31) for individuals <40 y old to 26.7% (20.3 to 35.2) for those ≥80 y old for autoantibodies neutralizing IFN-α2 or IFN-ω, and from 0.84% (0.31 to 8.28) to 40.5% (27.82 to 61.20) for autoantibodies neutralizing both. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs increase IFRs, and are associated with high RRDs, especially when neutralizing both IFN-α2 and IFN-ω. Remarkably, IFRs increase with age, whereas RRDs decrease with age. Autoimmunity to type I IFNs is a strong and common predictor of COVID-19 death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Manry
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Paul Bastard
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Adrian Gervais
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Tom Le Voyer
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jérémie Rosain
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Quentin Philippot
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | | | - Hans-Heinrich Hoffmann
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Shohei Eto
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Marina Garcia-Prat
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucy Bizien
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Alba Parra-Martínez
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rui Yang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Liis Haljasmägi
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mélanie Migaud
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Karita Särekannu
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Julia Maslovskaja
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Nicolas de Prost
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 94010 Créteil, France
- Groupe de Recherche Clinique Cardiovascular and Respiratory Manifestations of Acute Lung Injury and Sepsis (CARMAS), Faculté de santé de Créteil, Université Paris Est Créteil, 94010 Créteil Cedex, France
| | - Yacine Tandjaoui-Lambiotte
- Hypoxia and Lung, INSERM U1272, Avicenne Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 93022 Bobigny, France
| | - Charles-Edouard Luyt
- Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75013 Paris, France
- INSERM, UMRS 1166-iCAN, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Blanca Amador-Borrero
- Internal Medicine Department, Lariboisière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University of Paris, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Gaudet
- INSERM U1019–CNRS UMR9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, de Lille, Pôle de Réanimation, Hôpital Roger Salengro Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Julien Poissy
- INSERM U1019–CNRS UMR9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, de Lille, Pôle de Réanimation, Hôpital Roger Salengro Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Pascal Morel
- Etablissement Français du Sang, 93218 La Plaine Saint-Denis, France
- Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur et Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique (RIGHT), INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, Université de Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Pascale Richard
- Etablissement Français du Sang, 93218 La Plaine Saint-Denis, France
| | - Fabrice Cognasse
- Santé Ingéniérie Biologie St-Etienne (SAINBIOSE), INSERM U1059, University of Lyon, Université Jean Monnet Saint-Etienne, 42000 Saint-Étienne, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, 42000 Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Jesús Troya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infanta Leonor University Hospital, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sophie Trouillet-Assant
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69002 Lyon, France
- International Center of Research in Infectiology, Lyon University, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS, Ecole Nationale Supérieure, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), 69365 Lyon, France
- Joint Research Unit, Hospices Civils de Lyon-BioMérieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon Sud Hospital, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Alexandre Belot
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69002 Lyon, France
- International Center of Research in Infectiology, Lyon University, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS, Ecole Nationale Supérieure, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), 69365 Lyon, France
- National Referee Centre for Rheumatic, and Autoimmune and Systemic Diseases in Children, 69000 Lyon, France
- Immunopathology Federation Lyon Immunopathology Federation (LIFE), Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69002 Lyon, France
| | - Kahina Saker
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69002 Lyon, France
- International Center of Research in Infectiology, Lyon University, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS, Ecole Nationale Supérieure, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), 69365 Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Garçon
- Intensive Care Unit, Grand Hôpital de l’Est Francilien Site de Marne-La-Vallée, 77600 Jossigny, France
| | - Jacques G. Rivière
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jean-Christophe Lagier
- Microbes, Evolution, Phylogénie et Infection (MEPHI), Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Stéphanie Gentile
- Service d’Evaluation Médicale, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Marseille Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, 13005 Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille University, School of Medicine, EA 3279, Centre d'Études et de Recherche sur les Services de Santé et la Qualité de vie (CEReSS)–Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Lindsey B. Rosen
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Elana Shaw
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Tomohiro Morio
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Junko Tanaka
- Department of Epidemiology, Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - David Dalmau
- Hospital Universitari MútuaTerrassa, Universitat de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Fundació Docència i Recerca Mutua Terrassa, 08221 Terrassa, Spain
| | - Pierre-Louis Tharaux
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC), INSERM, Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Damien Sene
- Internal Medicine Department, Lariboisière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University of Paris, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Alain Stepanian
- Service d’Hématologie Biologique, Hôpital Lariboisière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, 75010 Paris, France
- EA3518, Institut Universitaire d’Hématologie-Hôpital Saint Louis, Université de Paris, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Bruno Mégarbane
- Réanimation Médicale et Toxicologique, Hôpital Lariboisière Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, INSERM, UMRS-1144, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Vasiliki Triantafyllia
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery, and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Arnaud Fekkar
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75013 Paris, France
| | | | - José Luis Franco
- Primary Immunodeficiencies Group, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of Antioquia UdeA, 050010 Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan-Manuel Anaya
- Center for Autoimmune Disease Research, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, 110111 Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Jordi Solé-Violán
- Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Canarian Health System, 35010 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Universidad Fernando Pessoa Canarias, 35450 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Luisa Imberti
- CHemato-oncology Research Laboratory of Associazione italiana contro le leucemie-linfomi e mieloma, Diagnostic Departement, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale, Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Biondi
- Pediatric Department and Centro Tettamanti-European Reference Network PaedCan, EuroBloodNet, European Reference Network for Rare Hereditary Metabolic Disorders (MetabERN), University of Milano Bicocca, Fondazione Monza Brianza Bambino Mamma (MBBM), Ospedale San Gerardo, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Paolo Bonfanti
- Department of Infectious Diseases, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Riccardo Castagnoli
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
- Pediatric Clinic, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a carattere scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Ottavia M. Delmonte
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Yu Zhang
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Clinical Genomics Program, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Andrew L. Snow
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814
| | - Steven M. Holland
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Catherine M. Biggs
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 0B3, Canada
| | - Marcela Moncada-Vélez
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Andrés Augusto Arias
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
- Primary Immunodeficiencies Group, University of Antioquia UdeA, 050010 Medellin, Colombia
- School of Microbiology, University of Antioquia UdeA, 050010 Medellin, Colombia
| | - Lazaro Lorenzo
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Soraya Boucherit
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Dany Anglicheau
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Necker University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75743 Paris, France
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151–CNRS UMR 8253, Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Anna M. Planas
- Institute for Biomedical Research, Spanish National Research Council, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Filomeen Haerynck
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and Pulmonology, Center for Primary Immunodeficiency Ghent, Jeffrey Modell Diagnosis and Research Center, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sotirija Duvlis
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University “Goce Delchev,” Štip 2000, Republic of North Macedonia
- Institute of Public Health of the Republic of North Macedonia, Skopje 1000, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Tayfun Ozcelik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Keles
- Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, 42080 Konya, Turkey
| | - Ahmed A. Bousfiha
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Centre Hospitalier-Universitaire Ibn Roucshd, 20360 Casablanca, Morocco
- Laboratoire d’Immunologie Clinique, Inflammation et Allergie (LICIA), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, 20250 Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Jalila El Bakkouri
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Centre Hospitalier-Universitaire Ibn Roucshd, 20360 Casablanca, Morocco
- Laboratoire d’Immunologie Clinique, Inflammation et Allergie (LICIA), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, 20250 Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Carolina Ramirez-Santana
- Center for Autoimmune Disease Research, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, 111211 Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Stéphane Paul
- Department of Immunology, CIC1408, Groupe sur l’Immunité des Muqueuses et des Agents Pathogènes (GIMAP) Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111, University Hospital of Saint-Étienne, 42000 Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Qiang Pan-Hammarström
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lennart Hammarström
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annabelle Dupont
- University of Lille, INSERM, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Alina Kurolap
- The Genetics Institute and Genomics Center, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6423906 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Christine N. Metz
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030
| | - Alessandro Aiuti
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, and Clinical Genomics, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Casari
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, and Clinical Genomics, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Vito Lampasona
- Diabetes Research Institute, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale San Raffaele University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milano, Italy
| | - Lucila A. Barreiros
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-060 São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mayana Zatz
- University of São Paulo, 05508-060 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diederik van de Beek
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Sabina Sahanic
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ivan Tancevski
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Oksana Boyarchuk
- Department of Children’s Diseases and Pediatric Surgery, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 46022 Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Yoko Nukui
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Medical Hospital, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Miyuki Tsumura
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Loreto Vidaur
- Intensive Care Medicine, Donostia University Hospital, Biodonostia Institute of Donostia, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Stuart G. Tangye
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NWS 2010, Australia
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NWS 2010, Australia
| | - Sonia Burrel
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, Service de Virologie, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Darragh Duffy
- Translational Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Lluis Quintana-Murci
- Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR 2000, 75015 Paris, France
- Department of Human Genomics and Evolution, Collège de France, 75231 Paris, France
| | - Adam Klocperk
- Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital in Motol, 150 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Nelli Y. Kann
- Department of Immunology, Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia 117997
| | - Anna Shcherbina
- Department of Immunology, Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia 117997
| | - Yu-Lung Lau
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Daniel Leung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Matthieu Coulongeat
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Tours University Medical Center, 37044 Tours, France
| | - Julien Marlet
- INSERM U1259, Morphogenèse et Antigénicité du VIH et des Virus des Hépatites (MAVIVH), Université de Tours, 37044 Tours, France
- Service de Bactériologie, Virologie et Hygiène Hospitalière, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, 37044 Tours, France
| | - Rutger Koning
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Luis Felipe Reyes
- Department of Microbiology, Universidad de La Sabana, 250001 Chía, Colombia
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Clínica Universidad de La Sabana, 250001 Chía, Colombia
| | | | - Fabienne Venet
- Laboratoire d’Immunologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, 69437 Lyon, France
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69007 Lyon, France
- EA 7426, Pathophysiology of Injury-Induced Immunosuppression, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, BioMérieux, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, 69437 Lyon, France
| | - Guillaume Monneret
- Laboratoire d’Immunologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, 69437 Lyon, France
- EA 7426, Pathophysiology of Injury-Induced Immunosuppression, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, BioMérieux, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, 69437 Lyon, France
| | - Michel C. Nussenzweig
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
- HHMI, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Romain Arrestier
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 94010 Créteil, France
- Groupe de Recherche Clinique Cardiovascular and Respiratory Manifestations of Acute Lung Injury and Sepsis (CARMAS), Faculté de santé de Créteil, Université Paris Est Créteil, 94010 Créteil Cedex, France
| | - Idris Boudhabhay
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Necker University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75743 Paris, France
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151–CNRS UMR 8253, Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Hagit Baris-Feldman
- The Genetics Institute and Genomics Center, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6423906 Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - David Hagin
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6423906 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Joost Wauters
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Meyts
- Laboratory of Inborn Errors of Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Pediatrics, Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Network Center, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Adam H. Dyer
- Department of Age-Related Healthcare, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin D24 NR0A, Ireland
- Department of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D08 W9RT, Ireland
| | - Sean P. Kennelly
- Department of Age-Related Healthcare, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin D24 NR0A, Ireland
- Department of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D08 W9RT, Ireland
| | - Nollaig M. Bourke
- Department of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D08 W9RT, Ireland
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Immunology Research Lab, College of Medicine, King Saud University, 11362 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatemeh Saheb Sharif-Askari
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Karim Dorgham
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France
| | | | | | - Suzan AlKhater
- Department of Pediatrics, King Fahad Hospital of the University, Al Khobar 34445, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raúl Rigo-Bonnin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, The Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Morandeira
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, The Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucie Roussel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Infectious Disease Susceptibility Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Donald C. Vinh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Infectious Disease Susceptibility Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Christian Erikstrup
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Antonio Condino-Neto
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-060 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Prando
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, 80250-200 Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - András N. Spaan
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Laurent Gilardin
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Universitaire Jean-Verdier, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 93140 Bondy, France
- INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Jacques Fellay
- School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Precision Medicine Unit, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stanislas Lyonnet
- Imagine Institute, Université de Paris, INSERM, UMR 1163, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Kaya Bilguvar
- Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
- Department of Medical Genetics, Acibadem University School of Medicine, 34750 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Richard P. Lifton
- Institute for Biomedical Research, Spanish National Research Council, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Shrikant Mane
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mark S. Anderson
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bertrand Boisson
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Vivien Béziat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Shen-Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Evangelos Andreakos
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery, and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Olivier Hermine
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and Pulmonology, Center for Primary Immunodeficiency Ghent, Jeffrey Modell Diagnosis and Research Center, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Aurora Pujol
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, The Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) U759, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pärt Peterson
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Trine H. Mogensen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lee Rowen
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA 98109
| | | | - Stéphanie Debette
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Center, UMR1219, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bordeaux University Hospital, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Xavier de Lamballerie
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Unité des Virus Émergents, Aix-Marseille University, Institut pour la Recherche et le Développment (IRD) 190, INSERM 1207, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Charles Burdet
- Epidémiologie clinique du Centre d’Investigation Clinique (CIC-EP), INSERM CIC 1425, Hôpital Bichat, 75018 Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Infection Antimicrobials Modelling Evolution (IAME), UMR 1137, INSERM, 75870 Paris, France
- Département Epidémiologie, Biostatistiques et Recherche Clinique, Hôpital Bichat, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Lila Bouadma
- Université de Paris, Infection Antimicrobials Modelling Evolution (IAME), UMR 1137, INSERM, 75870 Paris, France
- Service de Réanimation Médicale et des Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital Bichat, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Nord Université de Paris, F-75018 Paris, France
| | - Marie Zins
- Cohorte Constances Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire centre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Pere Soler-Palacin
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roger Colobran
- Immunology Division, Genetics Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guy Gorochov
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, 75013 Paris, France
- Département d’Immunologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpétrière, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Xavier Solanich
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, The Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sophie Susen
- University of Lille, INSERM, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Javier Martinez-Picado
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, 08500 Vic, Spain
- Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Didier Raoult
- Microbes, Evolution, Phylogénie et Infection (MEPHI), Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Marc Vasse
- Service de Biologie Clinique and UMR-S 1176, Hôpital Foch, 92150 Suresnes, France
| | - Peter K. Gregersen
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Carlos Rodríguez-Gallego
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Universidad Fernando Pessoa Canarias, 35450 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital of Gran Canaria Dr. Negrin, Canarian Health System, 35010 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Luigi D. Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Helen C. Su
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Kai Kisand
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Satoshi Okada
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Anne Puel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Charles M. Rice
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Pierre Tiberghien
- Etablissement Français du Sang, 93218 La Plaine Saint-Denis, France
- Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur et Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique (RIGHT), INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, Université de Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Qian Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
- HHMI, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Laurent Abel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Aurélie Cobat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015 Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
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