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Michels L, O'Gorman-Tuura R, Bachmann D, Müller S, Studer S, Saake A, Gruber E, Rauen K, Buchmann A, Zuber I, Hock C, Gietl A, Treyer V. The links among age, sex, and glutathione: A cross-sectional magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. Neurobiol Aging 2024; 144:19-29. [PMID: 39255570 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2024.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) is a brain marker for oxidative stress and has previously been associated with cerebral amyloid deposition and memory decline. However, to date, no study has examined the links among GSH, sex, age, amyloid, and Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype in a large non-clinical cohort of older adults. We performed APOE genotyping, magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) as well as simultaneous positron emission tomography with the radiotracer Flutemetamol (Amyloid-PET), in a group of older adults. The final analysis set comprised 140 healthy older adults (mean age: 64.7 years) and 49 participants with mild cognitive impairment (mean age: 71.4 years). We recorded metabolites in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) by a GSH-edited MEGAPRESS sequence. Structural equation modeling revealed that higher GSH levels were associated with female sex, but neither APOE- epsilon 4 carrier status nor age showed significant associations with GSH. Conversely, older age and the presence of an APOE4 allele, but not sex, are linked to higher global amyloid load. Our results suggest that the PCC shows sex-specific GSH alterations in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Michels
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center (KNZ), University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | | | - Dario Bachmann
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich Campus Schlieren, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Müller
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center (KNZ), University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sandro Studer
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich Campus Schlieren, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Antje Saake
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich Campus Schlieren, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Esmeralda Gruber
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich Campus Schlieren, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Katrin Rauen
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich Campus Schlieren, Schlieren, Switzerland; Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Psychiatric Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Buchmann
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich Campus Schlieren, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Zuber
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich Campus Schlieren, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Hock
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich Campus Schlieren, Schlieren, Switzerland; Neurimmune, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Anton Gietl
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich Campus Schlieren, Schlieren, Switzerland; Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Psychiatric Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Valerie Treyer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich Campus Schlieren, Schlieren, Switzerland
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Huang YL, Lin YR, Tsai SY. Comparison of convolutional-neural-networks-based method and LCModel on the quantification of in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy. MAGMA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 37:477-489. [PMID: 37713007 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-023-01120-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantification of metabolites concentrations in institutional unit (IU) is important for inter-subject and long-term comparisons in the applications of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Recently, deep learning (DL) algorithms have found a variety of applications on the process of MRS data. A quantification strategy compatible to DL base MRS spectral processing method is, therefore, useful. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study aims to investigate whether metabolite concentrations quantified using a convolutional neural network (CNN) based method, coupled with a scaling procedure that normalizes spectral signals for CNN input and linear regression, can effectively reflect variations in metabolite concentrations in IU across different brain regions with varying signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) and linewidths (LW). An error index based on standard error (SE) is proposed to indicate the confidence levels associated with metabolite predictions. In vivo MRS spectra were acquired from three brain regions of 43 subjects using a 3T system. RESULTS The metabolite concentrations in IU of five major metabolites, quantified using CNN and LCModel, exhibit similar ranges with Pearson's correlation coefficients ranging from 0.24 to 0.78. The SE of the metabolites shows a positive correlation with Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) (r=0.46) and absolute CRLB (r=0.81), calculated by multiplying CRLBs with the quantified metabolite content. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the CNN based method with the proposed scaling procedures can be employed to quantify in vivo MRS spectra and derive metabolites concentrations in IU. The SE can be used as error index, indicating predicted uncertainties for metabolites and sharing information similar to the absolute CRLB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Long Huang
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ru Lin
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Yueh Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Applied Physics, National Chengchi University, No.64, Sec.2, ZhiNan Rd., Wenshan District, Taipei, 11605, Taiwan.
- Research Center for Mind, Brain and Learning, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Thapaliya K, Marshall-Gradisnik S, Eaton-Fitch N, Eftekhari Z, Inderyas M, Barnden L. Imbalanced Brain Neurochemicals in Long COVID and ME/CFS: A Preliminary Study Using MRI. Am J Med 2024:S0002-9343(24)00216-X. [PMID: 38588934 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2024.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Long COVID and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) patients experience multiple complex symptoms, potentially linked to imbalances in brain neurochemicals. This study aims to measure brain neurochemical levels in long COVID and ME/CFS patients as well as healthy controls to investigate associations with severity measures. METHODS Magnetic resonance spectroscopy data were acquired with a 3T Prisma magnetic resonance imaging scanner (Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany). We measured absolute levels of brain neurochemicals in the posterior cingulate cortex in long COVID (n = 17), ME/CFS (n = 17), and healthy controls (n = 10) using Osprey software. The statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 29 (IBM, Armonk, NY). Age and sex were included as nuisance covariates. RESULTS Glutamate levels were significantly higher in patients with long COVID (P = .02) and ME/CFS (P = .017) than in healthy controls. No significant difference was found between the 2 patient cohorts. Additionally, N-acetyl-aspartate levels were significantly higher in long COVID patients (P = .012). Importantly, brain neurochemical levels were associated with self-reported severity measures in long COVID and ME/CFS. CONCLUSION Our study identified significantly elevated glutamate and N-acetyl-aspartate levels in long COVID and ME/CFS patients compared with healthy controls. No significant differences in brain neurochemicals were observed between the 2 patient cohorts, suggesting a potential overlap in their underlying pathology. These findings suggest that imbalanced neurochemicals contribute to the complex symptoms experienced by long COVID and ME/CFS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Thapaliya
- National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases (NCNED), Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.
| | - Sonya Marshall-Gradisnik
- National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases (NCNED), Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Natalie Eaton-Fitch
- National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases (NCNED), Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Zeinab Eftekhari
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia
| | - Maira Inderyas
- National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases (NCNED), Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Leighton Barnden
- National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases (NCNED), Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
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Hui SC, Zöllner HJ, Gong T, Hupfeld KE, Gudmundson AT, Murali-Manohar S, Davies-Jenkins CW, Song Y, Chen Y, Oeltzschner G, Wang G, Edden RAE. sLASER and PRESS perform similarly at revealing metabolite-age correlations at 3 T. Magn Reson Med 2024; 91:431-442. [PMID: 37876339 PMCID: PMC10942734 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the respective ability of PRESS and sLASER to reveal biological relationships, using age as a validation covariate at 3 T. METHODS MRS data were acquired from 102 healthy volunteers using PRESS and sLASER in centrum semiovale and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). Acquisition parameters included TR/TE = 2000/30 ms, 96 transients, and 2048 datapoints sampled at 2 kHz. Spectra were analyzed using Osprey. SNR, FWHM linewidth of total creatine, and metabolite concentrations were extracted. A linear model was used to compare SNR and linewidth. Paired t-tests were used to assess differences in metabolite measurements between PRESS and sLASER. Correlations were used to evaluate the relationship between PRESS and sLASER metabolite estimates, as well as the strength of each metabolite-age relationship. Coefficients of variation were calculated to assess inter-subject variability in each metabolite measurement. RESULTS SNR and linewidth were significantly higher (p < 0.01) for sLASER than PRESS in PCC. Paired t-tests showed significant differences between PRESS and sLASER in most metabolite measurements. PRESS-sLASER measurements were significantly correlated (p < 0.05) for most metabolites. Metabolite-age relationships were consistently identified using both methods. Similar coefficients of variation were observed for most metabolites. CONCLUSION The study results suggest strong agreement between PRESS and sLASER in identifying relationships between brain metabolites and age in centrum semiovale and PCC data acquired at 3 T. sLASER is technically desirable due to the reduced chemical shift displacement artifact; however, PRESS performed similarly in homogeneous brain regions at clinical field strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve C.N. Hui
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Developing Brain Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Helge J. Zöllner
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tao Gong
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Kathleen E. Hupfeld
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Aaron T. Gudmundson
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Saipavitra Murali-Manohar
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christopher W. Davies-Jenkins
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yulu Song
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yufan Chen
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Georg Oeltzschner
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Guangbin Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Richard A. E. Edden
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Revie L, Metzler-Baddeley C. Age-related fornix decline predicts conservative response strategy-based slowing in perceptual decision-making. AGING BRAIN 2024; 5:100106. [PMID: 38318456 PMCID: PMC10838937 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbas.2024.100106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging leads to response slowing but the underpinning cognitive and neural mechanisms remain elusive. We modelled older and younger adults' response times (RT) from a flanker task with a diffusion drift model (DDM) and employed diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy to study neurobiological predictors of DDM components (drift-rate, boundary separation, non-decision time). Microstructural indices were derived from white matter pathways involved in visuo-perceptual and attention processing [optic radiation, inferior and superior longitudinal fasciculi (ILF, SLF), fornix]. Estimates of metabolite concentrations [N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), glutamate (Glx), and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), creatine (Cr), choline (Cho), myoinositol (mI)] were measured from occipital (OCC), anterior cingulate (ACC) and posterior parietal cortices (PPC). Age-related increases in RT, boundary separation, and non-decision time were observed with response conservatism acounting for RT slowing. Aging was associated with reductions in white matter microstructure (lower fractional anisotropy and restricted signal fraction, larger diffusivities) and in metabolites (NAA in ACC and PPC, Glx in ACC). Regression analyses identified brain regions involved in top-down (fornix, SLF, ACC, PPC) and bottom-up (ILF, optic radiation OCC) processing as predictors for DDM parameters and RT. Fornix FA was the strongest predictor for increases in boundary separation (beta = -0.8) and mediated the effects of age on RT. These findings demonstrate that response slowing in visual discrimination is driven by the adoption of a more conservative response strategy. Age-related fornix decline may result in noisier communication of contextual information from the hippocampus to anterior decision-making regions and thus contribute to the conservative response strategy shift.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Revie
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Metzler-Baddeley
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, United Kingdom
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Huang NX, Huang HW, Dong QY, Wen YL, Li D, Li JQ, Chen HJ. Metabolic alterations in the right anterior insula among patients with cirrhosis without overt hepatic encephalopathy: a magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. Front Neurol 2024; 14:1291478. [PMID: 38283679 PMCID: PMC10811796 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1291478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose We investigated metabolic alterations in the right anterior insula (rAI) in cirrhotic patients and determined its association with patients' cognitive dysfunction. Methods In this study, 31 healthy controls (HCs) and 32 cirrhotic patients without overt hepatic encephalopathy participated. Both blood ammonia level and Child-Pugh score were measured. The psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score (PHES) was used to evaluate cognitive function. 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) data located in the rAI were recorded on a commercially available 3T magnetic resonance imaging scanner. The ratios of metabolites were measured, including N-acetylaspartate (NAA)/total creatine (tCr), glutamate plus glutamine (Glx)/tCr, myo-inositol (mI)/tCr, and total choline (tCho)/tCr. We adopted the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-test for intergroup comparison of metabolic ratios. To determine the association between metabolite concentration and clinical parameters, we performed Spearman correlation analyses. Results Patients with cirrhosis performed worse on PHES in comparison with HCs (P < 0.001). Patients with cirrhosis had significantly decreased mI/tCr (0.87 ± 0.07 vs. 0.74 ± 0.19, P = 0.025) and increased Glx/tCr (1.79 ± 0.17 vs. 2.07 ± 0.29, P < 0.001) in the rAI. We did not observe any significant between-group differences in tCho/tCr and NAA/tCr. The blood ammonia level was correlated with Glx/tCr (r = 0.405, P = 0.022) and mI/tCr (r = -0.398, P = 0.024) of the rAI. In addition, PHES was negatively correlated with Glx/tCr of the rAI (r = -0.379, P = 0.033). Conclusion Metabolic disturbance of the rAI, which is associated with ammonia intoxication, might account for the neural substrate of cirrhosis-related cognitive dysfunction to some extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nao-Xin Huang
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hui-Wei Huang
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiu-Yi Dong
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yu-Lin Wen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jian-Qi Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua-Jun Chen
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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Huang M, Yu H, Cai X, Zhang Y, Pu W, Gao B. A comparative study of posterior cingulate metabolism in patients with mild cognitive impairment due to Parkinson's disease or Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14241. [PMID: 37648724 PMCID: PMC10469183 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41569-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Few comparative studies have assessed metabolic brain changes in cognitive impairment among neurodegenerative disorders, and the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) is a metabolically active brain region with high involvement in multiple cognitive processes. Therefore, in this study, metabolic abnormalities of the PCC were compared in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to Parkinson's disease (PD) or Alzheimer's disease (AD), as examined by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). Thirty-eight patients with idiopathic PD, including 20 with mild cognitive impairment (PDMCI) and 18 with normal cognitive function (PDN), 18 patients with probable mild cognitive impairment (ADMCI), and 25 healthy elderly controls (HCs) were recruited and underwent PCC 1H-MRS scans. Compared with HCs, patients with PDMCI exhibited significantly reduced concentrations of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), total NAA (tNAA), choline (Cho), glutathione (GSH), glutamate + glutamine (Glx) and total creatine (tCr), while ADMCI cases exhibited significantly elevated levels of myo-inositol (Ins) and Ins/tCr ratio, as well as reduced NAA/Ins ratio. No significant metabolic changes were detected in PDN subjects. Compared with ADMCI, reduced NAA, Ins and tCr concentrations were detected in PDMCI. Besides, ROC curve analysis revealed that tCr concentration could differentiate PDMCI from PDN with an AUC of 0.71, and NAA/Ins ratio could differentiate patients with MCI from controls with normal cognitive function with an AUC of 0.74. Patients with PDMCI and ADMCI exhibited distinct PCC metabolic 1H-MRS profiles. The findings suggested cognitively normal PD patients with low NAA and tCr in the PCC might be at risk of preclinical PDMCI, and Ins and/or NAA/MI ratio in the PCC should be reconsidered a possible biomarker of preclinical MCI in clinical practice. So, comparing PCC's 1H-MRS profiles of cognitive impairment among neurodegenerative illnesses may provide useful information for better defining the disease process and elucidate possible treatment mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Huang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.
| | - Hui Yu
- General Practice Center and Department of Radiology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, 528200, China
| | - Xi Cai
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Wei Pu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Bo Gao
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.
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Rasooli A, Adab HZ, Van Ruitenbeek P, Weerasekera A, Chalavi S, Cuypers K, Levin O, Dhollander T, Peeters R, Sunaert S, Mantini D, Swinnen SP. White matter and neurochemical mechanisms underlying age-related differences in motor processing speed. iScience 2023; 26:106794. [PMID: 37255665 PMCID: PMC10225899 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with changes in the central nervous system and leads to reduced life quality. Here, we investigated the age-related differences in the CNS underlying motor performance deficits using magnetic resonance spectroscopy and diffusion MRI. MRS measured N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), and creatine (Cr) concentrations in the sensorimotor and occipital cortex, whereas dMRI quantified apparent fiber density (FD) in the same voxels to evaluate white matter microstructural organization. We found that aging was associated with increased reaction time and reduced FD and NAA concentration in the sensorimotor voxel. Both FD and NAA mediated the association between age and reaction time. The NAA concentration was found to mediate the association between age and FD in the sensorimotor voxel. We propose that the age-related decrease in NAA concentration may result in reduced axonal fiber density in the sensorimotor cortex which may ultimately account for the response slowness of older participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Rasooli
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hamed Zivari Adab
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Van Ruitenbeek
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Akila Weerasekera
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sima Chalavi
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Koen Cuypers
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Oron Levin
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thijs Dhollander
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ronald Peeters
- KU Leuven, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefan Sunaert
- KU Leuven, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dante Mantini
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stephan P. Swinnen
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Hupfeld KE, Zöllner HJ, Oeltzschner G, Hyatt HW, Herrmann O, Gallegos J, Hui SCN, Harris AD, Edden RAE, Tsapkini K. Brain total creatine differs between primary progressive aphasia (PPA) subtypes and correlates with disease severity. Neurobiol Aging 2023; 122:65-75. [PMID: 36508896 PMCID: PMC9839619 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is comprised of three subtypes: logopenic (lvPPA), non-fluent (nfvPPA), and semantic (svPPA). We used magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to measure tissue-corrected metabolite levels in the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and right sensorimotor cortex (SMC) from 61 PPA patients. We aimed to: (1) characterize subtype differences in metabolites; and (2) test for metabolite associations with symptom severity. tCr differed by subtype across the left IFG and right SMC. tCr levels were lowest in lvPPA and highest in svPPA. tCr levels predicted lvPPA versus svPPA diagnosis. Higher IFG tCr and lower Glx correlated with greater disease severity. As tCr is involved in brain energy metabolism, svPPA pathology might involve changes in specific cellular energy processes. Perturbations to cellular energy homeostasis in language areas may contribute to symptoms. Reduced cortical excitatory capacity (i.e. lower Glx) in language regions may also contribute to symptoms. Thus, tCr may be useful for differentiating between PPA subtypes, and both tCr and Glx might have utility in understanding PPA mechanisms and tracking progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen E Hupfeld
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Helge J Zöllner
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Georg Oeltzschner
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hayden W Hyatt
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Olivia Herrmann
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jessica Gallegos
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Steve C N Hui
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ashley D Harris
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Richard A E Edden
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kyrana Tsapkini
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Cognitive Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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10
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Rodríguez-Nieto G, Levin O, Hermans L, Weerasekera A, Sava AC, Haghebaert A, Huybrechts A, Cuypers K, Mantini D, Himmelreich U, Swinnen SP. Organization of neurochemical interactions in young and older brains as revealed with a network approach: Evidence from proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1H-MRS). Neuroimage 2023; 266:119830. [PMID: 36566925 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with alterations in the brain including structural and metabolic changes. Previous research has focused on neurometabolite level differences associated to age in a variety of brain regions, but the relationship among metabolites across the brain has been much less studied. Investigating these relationships can reveal underlying neurometabolic processes, their interdependency, and their progress throughout the lifespan. Using 1H-MRS, we investigated the relationship among metabolite concentrations of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), creatine (Cr), choline (Cho), myo-Inositol (mIns) and glutamate-glutamine complex (Glx) in seven voxel locations, i.e., bilateral sensorimotor cortex, bilateral striatum, pre-supplementary motor area, right inferior frontal gyrus and occipital cortex. These measurements were performed on 59 human participants divided in two age groups: young adults (YA: 23.2 ± 4.3; 18-34 years) and older adults (OA: 67.5 ± 3.9; 61-74 years). Our results showed age-related differences in NAA, Cho, and mIns across brain regions, suggesting the presence of neurodegeneration and altered gliosis. Moreover, associative patterns among NAA, Cho and Cr were observed across the selected brain regions, which differed between young and older adults. Whereas most of metabolite concentrations were inhomogeneous across different brain regions, Cho levels were shown to be strongly related across brain regions in both age groups. Finally, we found metabolic associations between homologous brain regions (SM1 and striatum) in the OA group, with NAA showing a significant correlation between bilateral sensorimotor cortices (SM1) and mIns levels being correlated between the bilateral striata. We posit that a network perspective provides important insights regarding the potential interactions among neurochemicals underlying metabolic processes at a local and global level and their relationship with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldine Rodríguez-Nieto
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuurse Vest 101, Leuven 3001, Belgium.
| | - Oron Levin
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuurse Vest 101, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Lize Hermans
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuurse Vest 101, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Akila Weerasekera
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuurse Vest 101, Leuven 3001, Belgium; Biomedical MRI Unit, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Astrid Haghebaert
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuurse Vest 101, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Astrid Huybrechts
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuurse Vest 101, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Koen Cuypers
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuurse Vest 101, Leuven 3001, Belgium; REVAL Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven-LBI, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dante Mantini
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuurse Vest 101, Leuven 3001, Belgium; Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven-LBI, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Uwe Himmelreich
- Biomedical MRI Unit, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stephan P Swinnen
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuurse Vest 101, Leuven 3001, Belgium; Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven-LBI, Leuven, Belgium
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11
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Harris AD, Amiri H, Bento M, Cohen R, Ching CRK, Cudalbu C, Dennis EL, Doose A, Ehrlich S, Kirov II, Mekle R, Oeltzschner G, Porges E, Souza R, Tam FI, Taylor B, Thompson PM, Quidé Y, Wilde EA, Williamson J, Lin AP, Bartnik-Olson B. Harmonization of multi-scanner in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy: ENIGMA consortium task group considerations. Front Neurol 2023; 13:1045678. [PMID: 36686533 PMCID: PMC9845632 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1045678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy is a powerful, non-invasive, quantitative imaging technique that allows for the measurement of brain metabolites that has demonstrated utility in diagnosing and characterizing a broad range of neurological diseases. Its impact, however, has been limited due to small sample sizes and methodological variability in addition to intrinsic limitations of the method itself such as its sensitivity to motion. The lack of standardization from a data acquisition and data processing perspective makes it difficult to pool multiple studies and/or conduct multisite studies that are necessary for supporting clinically relevant findings. Based on the experience of the ENIGMA MRS work group and a review of the literature, this manuscript provides an overview of the current state of MRS data harmonization. Key factors that need to be taken into consideration when conducting both retrospective and prospective studies are described. These include (1) MRS acquisition issues such as pulse sequence, RF and B0 calibrations, echo time, and SNR; (2) data processing issues such as pre-processing steps, modeling, and quantitation; and (3) biological factors such as voxel location, age, sex, and pathology. Various approaches to MRS data harmonization are then described including meta-analysis, mega-analysis, linear modeling, ComBat and artificial intelligence approaches. The goal is to provide both novice and experienced readers with the necessary knowledge for conducting MRS data harmonization studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley D. Harris
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Houshang Amiri
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mariana Bento
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ronald Cohen
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Christopher R. K. Ching
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Christina Cudalbu
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Animal Imaging and Technology, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Emily L. Dennis
- TBI and Concussion Center, Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Arne Doose
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Ehrlich
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ivan I. Kirov
- Department of Radiology, Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ralf Mekle
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Oeltzschner
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Eric Porges
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Roberto Souza
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Electrical and Software Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Friederike I. Tam
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Brian Taylor
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Paul M. Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yann Quidé
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Elisabeth A. Wilde
- TBI and Concussion Center, Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - John Williamson
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Alexander P. Lin
- Center for Clinical Spectroscopy, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Brenda Bartnik-Olson
- Department of Radiology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, United States
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12
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Gong T, Hui SCN, Zöllner HJ, Britton M, Song Y, Chen Y, Gudmundson AT, Hupfeld KE, Davies-Jenkins CW, Murali-Manohar S, Porges EC, Oeltzschner G, Chen W, Wang G, Edden RAE. Neurometabolic timecourse of healthy aging. Neuroimage 2022; 264:119740. [PMID: 36356822 PMCID: PMC9902072 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The neurometabolic timecourse of healthy aging is not well-established, in part due to diversity of quantification methodology. In this study, a large structured cross-sectional cohort of male and female subjects throughout adulthood was recruited to investigate neurometabolic changes as a function of age, using consensus-recommended magnetic resonance spectroscopy quantification methods. METHODS 102 healthy volunteers, with approximately equal numbers of male and female participants in each decade of age from the 20s, 30s, 40s, 50s, and 60s, were recruited with IRB approval. MR spectroscopic data were acquired on a 3T MRI scanner. Metabolite spectra were acquired using PRESS localization (TE=30 ms; 96 transients) in the centrum semiovale (CSO) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). Water-suppressed spectra were modeled using the Osprey algorithm, employing a basis set of 18 simulated metabolite basis functions and a cohort-mean measured macromolecular spectrum. Pearson correlations were conducted to assess relationships between metabolite concentrations and age for each voxel; Spearman correlations were conducted where metabolite distributions were non-normal. Paired t-tests were run to determine whether metabolite concentrations differed between the PCC and CSO. Finally, robust linear regressions were conducted to assess both age and sex as predictors of metabolite concentrations in the PCC and CSO and separately, to assess age, signal-noise ratio, and full width half maximum (FWHM) linewidth as predictors of metabolite concentrations. RESULTS Data from four voxels were excluded (2 ethanol; 2 unacceptably large lipid signal). Statistically-significant age*metabolite Pearson correlations were observed for tCho (r(98)=0.33, p<0.001), tCr (r(98)=0.60, p<0.001), and mI (r(98)=0.32, p=0.001) in the CSO and for NAAG (r(98)=0.26, p=0.008), tCho(r(98)=0.33, p<0.001), tCr (r(98)=0.39, p<0.001), and Gln (r(98)=0.21, p=0.034) in the PCC. Spearman correlations for non-normal variables revealed a statistically significant correlation between sI and age in the CSO (r(86)=0.26, p=0.013). No significant correlations were seen between age and tNAA, NAA, Glx, Glu, GSH, PE, Lac, or Asp in either region (all p>0.20). Age associations for tCho, tCr, mI and sI in the CSO and for NAAG, tCho, and tCr in the PCC remained when controlling for sex in robust regressions. CSO NAAG and Asp, as well as PCC tNAA, sI, and Lac were higher in women; PCC Gln was higher in men. When including an age*sex interaction term in robust regression models, a significant age*sex interaction was seen for tCho (F(1,96)=11.53, p=0.001) and GSH (F(1,96)=7.15, p=0.009) in the CSO and tCho (F(1,96)=9.17, p=0.003), tCr (F(1,96)=9.59, p=0.003), mI (F(1,96)=6.48, p=0.012), and Lac (F(1,78)=6.50, p=0.016) in the PCC. In all significant interactions, metabolite levels increased with age in females, but not males. There was a significant positive correlation between linewidth and age. Age relationships with tCho, tCr, and mI in the CSO and tCho, tCr, mI, and sI in the PCC were significant after controlling for linewidth and FWHM in robust regressions. CONCLUSION The primary (correlation) results indicated age relationships for tCho, tCr, mI, and sI in the CSO and for NAAG, tCho, tCr, and Gln in the PCC, while no age correlations were found for tNAA, NAA, Glx, Glu, GSH, PE, Lac, or Asp in either region. Our results provide a normative foundation for future work investigating the neurometabolic time course of healthy aging using MRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Gong
- Departments of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Departments of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Steve C N Hui
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Helge J Zöllner
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Mark Britton
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America; McKnight Brain Research Foundation, University of Florida, FL, United States of America; Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Yulu Song
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Yufan Chen
- Departments of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Aaron T Gudmundson
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Kathleen E Hupfeld
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Christopher W Davies-Jenkins
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Saipavitra Murali-Manohar
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Eric C Porges
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America; McKnight Brain Research Foundation, University of Florida, FL, United States of America; Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Georg Oeltzschner
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | | | - Guangbin Wang
- Departments of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Departments of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China.
| | - Richard A E Edden
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
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13
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Tiwari AK, Adhikari A, Mishra LC, Srivastava A. Current Status of Our Understanding for Brain Integrated Functions and its Energetics. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:2499-2512. [PMID: 35689788 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03633-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Human/animal brain is a unique organ with substantially high metabolism but it contains no energy reserve that is the reason it requires continuous supply of O2 and energy fluxes through CBF. The main source of energy remains glucose as the other biomolecules do not able to cross the blood-brain barrier. The speed of glucose metabolism is heterogeneous throughout the brain. One of the major flux consumption is Neuron-astrocyte cycling of glutamate and glutamine in glutamatergic neurons (approximately 80% of glucose metabolism in brain). The quantification of cellular glucose and other related substrate in resting, activated state can be analyzed through [18 F]FDG -positron-emission tomography (studying CMRglc) and [13 C/31P -MRS: for neuroenergetics & neurotransmitter cycling &31P-MRS: for energy induction & redox state). Merging basic in vitro studies with these techniques will help to develop new treatment paradigms for human brain diseased conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjani Kumar Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), 226025, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Anupriya Adhikari
- Department of Chemistry, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), 226025, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Lokesh Chandra Mishra
- Department of Zoology, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, North Campus, 110007, Delhi, India
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14
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Kurth F, Zsadanyi SE, Luders E. Reduced age-related gray matter loss in the subgenual cingulate cortex in long-term meditators. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 15:2824-2832. [PMID: 34686969 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-021-00578-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that meditation practices have positive effects on brain ageing overall. The cingulate is known to be recruited during meditation, but research into possible effects of meditation on the ageing of the cingulate is currently missing. Thus, the present study was designed to help close this knowledge gap, with particular focus on the subgenual cingulate, a region involved in emotional regulation and autonomic and endocrine functions, making it potentially relevant for meditation. Here, we investigated differences in age-related gray matter loss between 50 long-term meditation practitioners (28 male, 22 female), aged between 24 and 77, and 50 age- and sex-matched controls. Areas of interest were four subregions of the subgenual cingulate gyrus (areas 25, 33, s24, and s32) defined as per the Julich-Brain atlas. Our study revealed a significant age-related decline in all subregions in both meditators and controls, but with significantly lower rates of annual tissue loss in meditators, specifically in left and right area s32 and right area 25. These regions have been shown to play a role in mood regulation, autonomic processing, and the integration of emotion and cognitive processes, which are all involved in and impacted by meditation. Overall, the results add further evidence to the emerging notion that meditation may slow the effects of ageing on the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Kurth
- School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Sára E Zsadanyi
- School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Eileen Luders
- School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.,Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
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15
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de Godoy LL, Studart-Neto A, Wylezinska-Arridge M, Tsunemi MH, Moraes NC, Yassuda MS, Coutinho AM, Buchpiguel CA, Nitrini R, Bisdas S, da Costa Leite C. The Brain Metabolic Signature in Superagers Using In Vivo 1H-MRS: A Pilot Study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021; 42:1790-1797. [PMID: 34446458 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Youthful memory performance in older adults may reflect an underlying resilience to the conventional pathways of aging. Subjects having this unusual characteristic have been recently termed "superagers." This study aimed to explore the significance of imaging biomarkers acquired by 1H-MRS to characterize superagers and to differentiate them from their normal-aging peers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-five patients older than 80 years of age were screened using a detailed neuropsychological protocol, and 25 participants, comprising 12 superagers and 13 age-matched controls, were statistically analyzed. We used state-of-the-art 3T 1H-MR spectroscopy to quantify 18 neurochemicals in the posterior cingulate cortex of our subjects. All 1H-MR spectroscopy data were analyzed using LCModel. Results were further processed using 2 approaches to investigate the technique accuracy: 1) comparison of the average concentration of metabolites estimated with Cramer-Rao lower bounds <20%; and 2) calculation and comparison of the weighted means of metabolites' concentrations. RESULTS The main finding observed was a higher total N-acetyl aspartate concentration in superagers than in age-matched controls using both approaches (P = .02 and P = .03 for the weighted means), reflecting a positive association of total N-acetyl aspartate with higher cognitive performance. CONCLUSIONS 1H-MR spectroscopy emerges as a promising technique to unravel neurochemical mechanisms related to cognitive aging in vivo and providing a brain metabolic signature in superagers. This may contribute to monitoring future interventional therapies to avoid or postpone the pathologic processes of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L de Godoy
- From the Department of Radiology and Oncology (L.L.d.G., C.d.C.L.), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- The National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery (M.W.-A., S.B.), University College London, London, UK
| | - A Studart-Neto
- Department of Neurology (A.S.-N., N.C.M., M.S.Y., R.N.), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - M Wylezinska-Arridge
- The National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery (M.W.-A., S.B.), University College London, London, UK
| | - M H Tsunemi
- Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Biosciences (M.H.T.), Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - N C Moraes
- Department of Neurology (A.S.-N., N.C.M., M.S.Y., R.N.), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - M S Yassuda
- Department of Neurology (A.S.-N., N.C.M., M.S.Y., R.N.), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - A M Coutinho
- Division and Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine (A.M.C., C.A.B.), Department of Radiology and Oncology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - C A Buchpiguel
- Division and Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine (A.M.C., C.A.B.), Department of Radiology and Oncology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - R Nitrini
- Department of Neurology (A.S.-N., N.C.M., M.S.Y., R.N.), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - S Bisdas
- The National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery (M.W.-A., S.B.), University College London, London, UK
| | - C da Costa Leite
- From the Department of Radiology and Oncology (L.L.d.G., C.d.C.L.), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
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16
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Zhang H, Chiu PW, Ip I, Liu T, Wong GHY, Song YQ, Wong SWH, Herrup K, Mak HKF. Asymmetric left-right hippocampal glutamatergic modulation of cognitive control in ApoE-isoform subjects is unrelated to neuroinflammation. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 54:5310-5326. [PMID: 34309092 PMCID: PMC9290961 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The glutamatergic cycle is essential in modulating memory processing by the hippocampal circuitry. Our combined proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H‐MRS) and task‐based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study (using face‐name paired‐associates encoding and retrieval task) of a cognitively normal cohort of 67 healthy adults (18 ApoE4 carriers and 49 non‐ApoE4 carriers) found altered patterns of relationships between glutamatergic‐modulated synaptic signalling and neuronal activity or functional hyperaemia in the ApoE4 isoforms. Our study highlighted the asymmetric left–right hippocampal glutamatergic system in modulating neuronal activities in ApoE4 carriers versus non‐carriers. Such brain differentiation might be developmental cognitive advantages or compensatory due to impaired synaptic integrity and plasticity in ApoE4 carriers. As there was no difference in myoinositol levels measured by MRS between the ApoE4 and non‐ApoE4 subgroups, the mechanism is unlikely to be a response to neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Alzheimer's Disease Research Network, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Pui Wai Chiu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Isaac Ip
- Department of Educational Psychology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Tianyin Liu
- Department of Social Work and Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Gloria Hoi Yan Wong
- Department of Social Work and Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - You-Qiang Song
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Savio Wai Ho Wong
- Department of Educational Psychology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Karl Herrup
- Alzheimer Disease Research Centre, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Henry Ka Fung Mak
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Alzheimer's Disease Research Network, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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17
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Zhang H, Chiu PW, Ip I, Liu T, Wong GHY, Song YQ, Wong SWH, Herrup K, Mak HKF. Small-World Networks and Their Relationship With Hippocampal Glutamine/Glutamate Concentration in Healthy Adults With Varying Genetic Risk for Alzheimer's Disease. J Magn Reson Imaging 2021; 54:952-961. [PMID: 33939228 PMCID: PMC8453801 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Apolipoprotein E ɛ4 allele (ApoE4) is the most common gene polymorphism related to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Impaired synaptic dysfunction occurs in ApoE4 carriers before any clinical symptoms. It remains unknown whether ApoE4 status affects the hippocampal neuromodulation, which further influences brain network topology. Purpose To study the relationship of regional and global network properties by using graph theory analysis and glutamatergic (Glx) neuromodulation in the ApoE isoforms. Study Type Prospective. Subjects Eighty‐four cognitively normal adults (26 ApoE4 and 58 non‐ApoE4 carriers). Field Strength/Sequence Gradient‐echo echo‐planar and point resolved spectroscopy sequence at 3 T. Assessment Glx concentration in bilateral hippocampi were processed with jMRUI (4.0), and graph theory metrics (global: γ, λ, small‐worldness in whole brain; regional: nodal clustering coefficient (Ci) and nodal characteristic path length (Li)) in top 20% highly connected hubs of subgroups (low‐risk: non‐ApoE4; high‐risk: APOE4) were calculated and compared. Statistical Tests Two‐sample t test was used to compare metrics between subgroups. Correlations between regional properties and Glx by Pearson's partial correlation with false discovery rate correction. Results Significant differences (P < 0.05) in Ci between subgroups were found in hubs of left inferior frontal, bilateral inferior temporal, and bilateral precentral gyri, right parahippocampus, and bilateral precuneus. In addition, there was a significant correlation between Glx in the left hippocampus and Ci in inferior frontal gyrus (r = −0.537, P = 0.024), right inferior temporal (r = −0.478, P = 0.043), right parahippocampus (r = −0.629, P = 0.016), left precentral (r = −0.581, P = 0.022), right precentral (r = −0.651, P = 0.003), left precuneus (r = −0.545, P = 0.024), and right precuneus (r = −0.567, P = 0.022); and Li in left precuneus (r = 0.575, P = 0.032) and right precuneus (r = 0.586, P = 0.032) in the high‐risk group, but not in the low‐risk group. Data Conclusion Our results suggested that healthy ApoE4 carriers exhibit poorer local interconnectivity. Moreover, the close relationship between glutamate and small‐world network properties in ApoE4 carriers might reflect a compensatory response to the impaired network efficiency. Evidence Level 2 Technical Efficacy Stage 3
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Alzheimer's Disease Research Network, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Pui W Chiu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Isaac Ip
- Department of Educational Psychology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Tianyin Liu
- Department of Social Work and Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Gloria H Y Wong
- Department of Social Work and Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - You-Qiang Song
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Savio W H Wong
- Department of Educational Psychology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Karl Herrup
- Alzheimer Disease Research Centre, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Henry K F Mak
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Alzheimer's Disease Research Network, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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18
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Near J, Harris AD, Juchem C, Kreis R, Marjańska M, Öz G, Slotboom J, Wilson M, Gasparovic C. Preprocessing, analysis and quantification in single-voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy: experts' consensus recommendations. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4257. [PMID: 32084297 PMCID: PMC7442593 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Once an MRS dataset has been acquired, several important steps must be taken to obtain the desired metabolite concentration measures. First, the data must be preprocessed to prepare them for analysis. Next, the intensity of the metabolite signal(s) of interest must be estimated. Finally, the measured metabolite signal intensities must be converted into scaled concentration units employing a quantitative reference signal to allow meaningful interpretation. In this paper, we review these three main steps in the post-acquisition workflow of a single-voxel MRS experiment (preprocessing, analysis and quantification) and provide recommendations for best practices at each step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Near
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute and Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ashley D. Harris
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, Canada
| | - Christoph Juchem
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York NY, USA
| | - Roland Kreis
- Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Research, University Bern, Switzerland
| | - Małgorzata Marjańska
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis MN, USA
| | - Gülin Öz
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis MN, USA
| | - Johannes Slotboom
- Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (SCAN), Neuroradiology, University Hospital Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Wilson
- Centre for Human Brain Health and School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England
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19
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Bilingualism is a long-term cognitively challenging experience that modulates metabolite concentrations in the healthy brain. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7090. [PMID: 33782462 PMCID: PMC8007713 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86443-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitively demanding experiences, including complex skill acquisition and processing, have been shown to induce brain adaptations, at least at the macroscopic level, e.g. on brain volume and/or functional connectivity. However, the neurobiological bases of these adaptations, including at the cellular level, are unclear and understudied. Here we use bilingualism as a case study to investigate the metabolic correlates of experience-based brain adaptations. We employ Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy to measure metabolite concentrations in the basal ganglia, a region critical to language control which is reshaped by bilingualism. Our results show increased myo-Inositol and decreased N-acetyl aspartate concentrations in bilinguals compared to monolinguals. Both metabolites are linked to synaptic pruning, a process underlying experience-based brain restructuring. Interestingly, both concentrations correlate with relative amount of bilingual engagement. This suggests that degree of long-term cognitive experiences matters at the level of metabolic concentrations, which might accompany, if not drive, macroscopic brain adaptations.
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20
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Regional Myo-Inositol, Creatine, and Choline Levels Are Higher at Older Age and Scale Negatively with Visuospatial Working Memory: A Cross-Sectional Proton MR Spectroscopy Study at 7 Tesla on Normal Cognitive Ageing. J Neurosci 2020; 40:8149-8159. [PMID: 32994337 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2883-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Proton MR spectroscopy (1H-MRS) has been used to assess regional neurochemical brain changes during normal ageing, but results have varied. Exploiting the increased sensitivity at ultra-high field, we performed 1H-MRS in 60 healthy human volunteers to asses age-related differences in metabolite levels and their relation to cognitive ageing. Sex was balanced, and participants were assigned to a younger, middle, and older group according to their age, ranging from 18 to 79 years. They underwent 7T 1H-MRS of the ACC, DLPFC, hippocampus, and thalamus and performed a visuospatial working memory task outside the scanner. A multivariate ANCOVA revealed a significant overall effect of age group on metabolite levels in all regions. Higher levels in the middle than the younger group were observed for myo-inositol (mIns) in DLPFC and hippocampus and total choline (tCho) in ACC. Higher levels in the older than the younger group were observed for mIns in hippocampus and thalamus, total creatine (tCr) and tCho in ACC and hippocampus; lower levels of glutamate (Glu) were observed in DLPFC. Higher levels in the older than the middle group were observed for mIns in hippocampus, tCr in ACC and hippocampus, tCho in hippocampus, and total N-acetyl aspartate (tNAA) in hippocampus. Working memory performance correlated negatively with tCr and tCho levels in ACC and mIns levels in hippocampus and thalamus, but not with tNAA or glutamate levels. As NAA and Glu are commonly regarded to reflect neuronal health and function and concentrations of mIns, tCr, and tCho are higher in glia than neurons, the findings of this study suggest a potential in vivo connection between cognitive ageing and higher regional levels of glia-related metabolites.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Neurochemical ageing is an integral component of age-related cognitive decline. Proton MR spectroscopy (1H-MRS) studies of in vivo neurochemical changes across the lifespan have, however, yielded inconclusive results. 1H-MRS at ultra-high field strength can potentially improve the consistency of findings. Using 7T 1H-MRS, we assessed levels of mIns, tCr, and tCho (glia-related metabolites) and tNAA and Glu (neuron-related metabolites) in ACC, DLPFC, hippocampus, and thalamus. We found higher levels of glia-related metabolites in all brain regions in older individuals. Working memory performance correlated negatively with regional levels of glia-related metabolites. This study is the first to investigate normal ageing in these brain regions using 7T 1H-MRS and findings indicate that glia-related metabolites could be valuable in cognitive ageing studies.
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21
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Disturbances in brain energy metabolism in insulin resistance and diabetes and Alzheimer's disease - Learnings from brain imaging biomarkers. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2020; 154:111-130. [PMID: 32739001 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2020.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Medical imaging techniques, such as structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography, have been used to gain a better understanding of the alterations of the metabolic processes in the brain relating to type 2 diabetes melltius, insulin resistance and Alzheimer's disease. These studies have shown that there are several similarities in the effects that these seemingly disparate diseases have on the brain, and that some of the abnormalities are reversed by metabolic interventions. This review provides an overview of the overlap between these diseases using medical imaging, focusing on glucose metabolism, mitochondrial function and lipid metabolism.
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22
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Demnitz N, Topiwala A, Zsoldos E, Stagg CJ, Emir UE, Johansen-Berg H, Ebmeier KP, Sexton CE. Alcohol consumption is associated with reduced creatine levels in the hippocampus of older adults. Psychiatry Res 2020; 295:111019. [PMID: 31785452 PMCID: PMC6961205 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2019.111019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Besides its well established susceptibility to ageing, the hippocampus has also been shown to be affected by alcohol consumption. Proton spectroscopy (1H-MRS) of the hippocampus, particularly at high-field 7T MRI, may further our understanding of these associations. Here, we aimed to examine how hippocampal metabolites varied with age and alcohol consumption. Hippocampal metabolite spectra were acquired in 37 older adults using 7T 1H-MRS, from which we determined the absolute concentration of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), creatine, choline, myo-inositol, glutamate and glutamine. Thirty participants (mean age = 70.4 ± 4.7 years) also had self-reported data on weekly alcohol consumption. Total choline inversely correlated with age, although this did not survive multiple comparisons correction. Crucially, adults with a higher weekly alcohol consumption had significantly lower levels of creatine, suggesting a deficit in their hippocampal metabolism. These findings add to an increasing body of evidence linking alcohol to hippocampal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiara Demnitz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Anya Topiwala
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Enikő Zsoldos
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Charlotte J Stagg
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Uzay E Emir
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Heidi Johansen-Berg
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Claire E Sexton
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Global Brain Health Institute, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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23
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Shukla D, Mandal PK, Tripathi M, Vishwakarma G, Mishra R, Sandal K. Quantitation of in vivo brain glutathione conformers in cingulate cortex among age-matched control, MCI, and AD patients using MEGA-PRESS. Hum Brain Mapp 2019; 41:194-217. [PMID: 31584232 PMCID: PMC7268069 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) plays an important role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and glutathione (GSH) mitigates this effect by maintaining redox-imbalance and free-radical neutralization. Quantified brain GSH concentration provides distinct information about OS among age-matched normal control (NC), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD patients. We report alterations of in vivo GSH conformers, along with the choline, creatine, and N-acetylaspartate levels in the cingulate cortex (CC) containing anterior (ACC) and posterior (PCC) regions of 64 (27 NC, 19 MCI, and 18 AD) participants using MEscher-GArwood-Point-RESolved spectroscopy sequence. Result indicated, tissue corrected GSH depletion in PCC among MCI (p = .001) and AD (p = .028) and in ACC among MCI (p = .194) and AD (p = .025) as compared to NC. Effects of the group, region, and group × region on GSH with age and gender as covariates were analyzed using a generalized linear model with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. A significant effect of group with GSH depletion in AD and MCI was observed as compared to NC. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis of GSH level in CC differentiated between MCI and NC groups with an accuracy of 82.8% and 73.5% between AD and NC groups. Multivariate ROC analysis for the combined effect of the GSH alteration in both ACC and PCC regions provided improved diagnostic accuracy of 86.6% for NC to MCI conversion and 76.4% for NC to AD conversion. We conclude that only closed GSH conformer depletion in the ACC and PCC regions is critical and constitute a potential biomarker for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Shukla
- Neuroimaging and Neurospectroscopy (NINS) Laboratory, National Brain Research Centre, Gurgaon, India
| | - Pravat Kumar Mandal
- Neuroimaging and Neurospectroscopy (NINS) Laboratory, National Brain Research Centre, Gurgaon, India.,Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne School of Medicine Campus, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Manjari Tripathi
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Gayatri Vishwakarma
- Department of Biostatistics, Indian Spinal Injuries Centre, New Delhi, India
| | - Ritwick Mishra
- Neuroimaging and Neurospectroscopy (NINS) Laboratory, National Brain Research Centre, Gurgaon, India
| | - Kanika Sandal
- Neuroimaging and Neurospectroscopy (NINS) Laboratory, National Brain Research Centre, Gurgaon, India
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24
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Maghsudi H, Schütze M, Maudsley AA, Dadak M, Lanfermann H, Ding XQ. Age-related Brain Metabolic Changes up to Seventh Decade in Healthy Humans : Whole-brain Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging Study. Clin Neuroradiol 2019; 30:581-589. [PMID: 31350597 DOI: 10.1007/s00062-019-00814-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study brain metabolic changes under normal aging and to collect reference data for the study of neurodegenerative diseases. METHODS A total of 55 healthy subjects aged 20-70 years (n ≥ 5 per age decade for each gender) underwent whole-brain magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging at 3T after completing a DemTect test and the Beck depressions inventory II to exclude cognitive impairment and mental disorder. Regional concentrations of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline-containing compounds (Cho), total creatine (tCr), glutamine and glutamate (Glx), and myo-inositol (mI) were determined in 12 brain regions of interest (ROIs). The two-sided t‑test was used to estimate gender differences and linear regression analysis was carried out to estimate age dependence of brain regional metabolite contents. RESULTS Brain regional metabolite concentrations changed with age in the majority of selected brain regions. The NAA decreased in 8 ROIs with a rate varying from -4.9% to -1.9% per decade, reflecting a general reduction of brain neuronal function or volume and density in older age; Cho increased in 4 ROIs with a rate varying from 4.3% to 6.1%; tCr and mI increased in one ROI (4.2% and 8.2% per decade, respectively), whereas Glx decreased in one ROI (-5.1% per decade), indicating an inhomogeneous increase of cell membrane turnover (Cho) with altered energy metabolism (tCr) and glutamatergic neuronal activity (Glx) as well as function of glia cell (mI) in normal aging brain. CONCLUSION Healthy aging up to the seventh decade of life is associated with regional dependent alterations of brain metabolism. These results provide a reference database for future studies of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Maghsudi
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Martin Schütze
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andrew A Maudsley
- Department of Radiology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Mete Dadak
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Heinrich Lanfermann
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Xiao-Qi Ding
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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25
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Neurochemical changes in the aging brain: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 98:306-319. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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26
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Wijtenburg SA, Rowland LM, Oeltzschner G, Barker PB, Workman CI, Smith GS. Reproducibility of brain MRS in older healthy adults at 7T. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2019; 32:e4040. [PMID: 30489668 PMCID: PMC6324949 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
To date, the majority of MRS reproducibility studies have been conducted in healthy younger adults, with only a few conducted in older adults at 3 T. With the growing interest in applying MRS methods to study the longitudinal course and effects of treatments in neurodegenerative disease, it is important to establish reproducibility in age-matched controls, especially in older individuals. In this study, spectroscopic data were acquired using a stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) localization technique in two regions (anterior and posterior cingulate cortices-ACC, PCC, respectively) in 10 healthy, cognitively normal older adults (64 ± 8.1 years). Reproducibility was assessed via mean coefficients of variation (CVs) and relative differences (RDs) calculated across two visits performed 2-3 months apart. Metabolites with high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) such as NAA, tCho, and Glu had mean CVs of 10% or less and mean RDs of 15% or less across both regions. Metabolites with lower SNR such as GABA and Gln had slightly higher mean CVs of 22% or less and mean RDs of 27% or less across both regions. These results demonstrate the feasibility of acquiring MRS data at 7 T in older subjects, and establish that the spectroscopic data are reproducible in both the ACC and PCC in older, healthy subjects to the same extent as in previous studies in young subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Andrea Wijtenburg
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Laura M. Rowland
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Georg Oeltzschner
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, The Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD
| | - Peter B. Barker
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, The Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD
| | - Clifford I. Workman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Gwenn S. Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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27
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Seitz J, Kubicki M, Jacobs EG, Cherkerzian S, Weiss BK, Papadimitriou G, Mouradian P, Buka S, Goldstein JM, Makris N. Impact of sex and reproductive status on memory circuitry structure and function in early midlife using structural covariance analysis. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 40:1221-1233. [PMID: 30548738 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Research on age-related memory alterations traditionally targets individuals aged ≥65 years. However, recent studies emphasize the importance of early aging processes. We therefore aimed to characterize variation in brain gray matter structure in early midlife as a function of sex and menopausal status. Subjects included 94 women (33 premenopausal, 29 perimenopausal, and 32 postmenopausal) and 99 demographically comparable men from the New England Family Study. Subjects were scanned with a high-resolution T1 sequence on a 3 T whole body scanner. Sex and reproductive-dependent structural differences were evaluated using Box's M test and analysis of covariances (ANCOVAs) for gray matter volumes. Brain regions of interest included dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), inferior parietal lobule (iPAR), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), hippocampus (HIPP), and parahippocampus. While we observed expected significant sex differences in volume of hippocampus with women of all groups having higher volumes than men relative to cerebrum size, we also found significant differences in the covariance matrices of perimenopausal women compared with postmenopausal women. Associations between ACC and HIPP/iPAR/DLPFC were higher in postmenopausal women and correlated with better memory performance. Findings in this study underscore the importance of sex and reproductive status in early midlife for understanding memory function with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Seitz
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marek Kubicki
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology and Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Center for Morphometric Analysis, Center for Neural Systems Investigations, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts.,Department of Psychiatry, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Emily G Jacobs
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Women's Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sara Cherkerzian
- Department of Psychiatry, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Women's Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Blair K Weiss
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Women's Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - George Papadimitriou
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology and Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Center for Morphometric Analysis, Center for Neural Systems Investigations, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Palig Mouradian
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology and Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Center for Morphometric Analysis, Center for Neural Systems Investigations, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Stephen Buka
- Department of Community Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Jill M Goldstein
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology and Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Center for Morphometric Analysis, Center for Neural Systems Investigations, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts.,Department of Psychiatry, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Women's Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nikos Makris
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology and Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Center for Morphometric Analysis, Center for Neural Systems Investigations, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
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Boban JM, Kozic DB, Brkic SV, Lendak DF, Thurnher MM. Early Introduction of cART Reverses Brain Aging Pattern in Well-Controlled HIV Infection: A Comparative MR Spectroscopy Study. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:329. [PMID: 30405398 PMCID: PMC6200868 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare age-related changes in chronically infected, asymptomatic HIV-positive patients under combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), with age-, gender-, and educational-level-matched healthy subjects, using multi-voxel magnetic-resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Methods: There were 66 chronically infected HIV-positive subjects and 65 age-, gender-, and educational-level-matched control subjects, divided into four groups according to the age: group 1 (20–29 years old), group 2 (30–39), group 3 (40–49) and group 4 (50–59). MRS was performed and ratios of N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA)/creatine (Cr) were analyzed in ten locations of the supracallosal gray matter. For the comparison of NAA/Cr ratios in healthy and HIV-positive subjects, ANCOVA with age and education as covariates was performed. Correlations of NAA/Cr ratios with duration of cART were performed using Pearson’s correlation test. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: The NAA/Cr ratios were decreased in the 20–29-year-old HIV-positive subjects in 8/10 locations (p < 0.005) compared to the healthy controls, while in the 50–59-year-old groups they were significiantly lower only in one location (p = 0.004). There were significant positive correlations of NAA/Cr levels with the duration of cART in the oldest group of HIV-positive subjects, while in the youngest group there were no significant correlations. Conclusion: The aging pattern in chronic HIV infection under cART is accentuated rather than accelerated. There is an initial HIV-related neuronal damage with a significant decline in NAA/Cr ratios; after the initiation of cART, however, NAA/Cr ratios increase continuously to become similar to healthy aging individuals, probably due to beneficial effect of long-standing cART. Summary: Brain aging in chronic HIV infection under cART is accentuated, with an initial HIV-related neuronal damage followed by a subtle NAA/Cr increase after the initiation of cART. Under cART, in advanced age, NAA/Cr ratios become similar to healthy aging individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmina M Boban
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.,Center for Diagnostic Imaging, Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
| | - Dusko B Kozic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.,Center for Diagnostic Imaging, Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
| | - Snezana V Brkic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.,Clinic for Infectious Diseases, Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Dajana F Lendak
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.,Clinic for Infectious Diseases, Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Majda M Thurnher
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Cichocka M, Bereś A. From fetus to older age: A review of brain metabolic changes across the lifespan. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 46:60-73. [PMID: 29864489 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The knowledge of metabolic changes across the lifespan is poorly understood. Thus we systematically reviewed the available literature to determine the changes in brain biochemical composition from fetus to older age and tried to explain them in the context of neural, cognitive, and behavioural changes. METHODS The search identified 1262 articles regarding proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) examinations through December 2017. The following data was extracted: age range of the subjects, number of subjects studied, brain regions studied, MRS sequence used, echo time, MR system, method of statistical analysis, metabolites analyzed, significant differences in metabolites concentrations with age as well as the way of presentation of the results. RESULTS 82 studies that described brain metabolite changes with age were identified. Reports on metabolic changes related to healthy aging were analyzed and discussed among six basic age groups: fetuses, infants, children, adolescents, adults, and the elderly as well as between groups and during the whole lifetime. DISCUSSION The results presented in the reviewed papers provide evidence that normal aging is associated with a number of metabolic changes characteristic for every period of life. Therefore, it can be concluded that the age matching is essential for comparative studies of disease states using 1H MRS.
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Chiu PW, Lui SSY, Hung KSY, Chan RCK, Chan Q, Sham PC, Cheung EFC, Mak HKF. In vivo gamma-aminobutyric acid and glutamate levels in people with first-episode schizophrenia: A proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. Schizophr Res 2018; 193:295-303. [PMID: 28751130 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) dysfunction and its consequent imbalance are implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Reduced GABA production would lead to a disinhibition of glutamatergic neurons and subsequently cause a disruption of the modulation between GABAergic interneurons and glutamatergic neurons. In this study, levels of GABA, Glx (summation of glutamate and glutamine), and other metabolites in the anterior cingulate cortex were measured and compared between first-episode schizophrenia subjects and healthy controls (HC). Diagnostic potential of GABA and Glx as upstream biomarkers for schizophrenia was explored. METHODS Nineteen first-episode schizophrenia subjects and fourteen HC participated in this study. Severity of clinical symptoms of patients was measured with Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Metabolites were measured using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and quantified using internal water as reference. RESULTS First-episode schizophrenia subjects revealed reduced GABA and myo-inositol (mI), and increased Glx and choline (Cho), compared to HC. No significant correlation was found between metabolite levels and PANSS scores. Receiver operator characteristics analyses showed Glx had higher sensitivity and specificity (84.2%, 92.9%) compared to GABA (73.7%, 64.3%) for differentiating schizophrenia patients from HC. Combined model of both GABA and Glx revealed the best sensitivity and specificity (89.5%, 100%). CONCLUSION This study simultaneously showed reduction in GABA and elevation in Glx in first-episode schizophrenia subjects, and this might provide insights on explaining the disruption of modulation between GABAergic interneurons and glutamatergic neurons. Elevated Cho might indicate increased membrane turnover; whereas reduced mI might reflect dysfunction of the signal transduction pathway. In vivo Glx and GABA revealed their diagnostic potential for schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- P W Chiu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Simon S Y Lui
- Castle Peak Hospital, Hong Kong, China; Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Raymond C K Chan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - P C Sham
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Henry K F Mak
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Alzheimer's Disease Research Network, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Abstract
Effective pharmaceutical treatments for age-related cognitive decline have proved elusive. There is, however, compelling evidence that nutritional status and supplementation could play crucial roles in modifying the expression of cognitive change through the lifespan. Subjective memory impairment and mild cognitive impairment can be harbingers of dementia but this is by no means inevitable. Neurocognitive change is influenced by a variety of processes, many of which are involved in other aspects of systemic health, including cardiovascular function. Importantly, many of these processes are governed by mechanisms which may be modified by specific classes of bioactive nutrients. There is increasing, converging evidence from controlled trials that nutritional interventions can improve mood and cognitive function in both clinical and healthy populations. Specific examples include selected botanical extracts such as the flavonoids. Some nutritional supplements (e.g. broad-spectrum micronutrient supplementation) appear to support improved cognitive function, possibly through redressing insufficient nutrient status (i.e. suboptimal but above the threshold for frank deficiency). Recent mechanistic research has unveiled physiologically plausible, modifiable, cognition-relevant targets for nutrition and nutraceuticals. These include processes involved in both systemic and central vascular function, inflammation, metabolism, central activation, improved neural efficiency and angiogenesis. The advent and development of human neuroimaging methodology have greatly aided our understanding of the core central mechanisms of cognitive change. Different imaging modalities can provide insights into modifiable central mechanisms which may be targeted by bioactive nutrients. The latter may contribute to slowing age-related decline through supporting neurocognitive scaffolding mechanisms.
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Urbanik A, Cichocka M, Kozub J, Karcz P, Herman-Sucharska I. Brain Maturation-Differences in Biochemical Composition of Fetal and Child's Brain. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2017; 36:380-386. [PMID: 29144870 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2017.1346019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate differences in 1H MRS spectra of the brain of fetuses and children from 6 to 11 years of age. MATERIAL AND METHODS 21 healthy fetuses in the third trimester and 22 children were examined using the proton nuclear magnetic resonance. The relative metabolite concentrations to the sum of all metabolites were calculated. RESULTS In the 1H MRS spectra of the brain from fetuses and children, there are the same characteristic peaks: N-acetylaspartate (NAA), creatine (Cr), choline (Cho), and myo-inositol (mI). NAA/Σ, NAA/Cr, and Cr/Σ concentrations are significantly higher and Cho/Σ, Cho/Cr, mI/Σ, and mI/Cr are significantly lower in children than in the fetuses. CONCLUSIONS It was found that the brain metabolism changes from fetal life to childhood. The results of this study may provide a valuable basis for further research on brain maturation and "healthy aging."
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Urbanik
- a Department of Radiology , Uniwersytet Jagiellonski w Krakowie Collegium Medicum , Krakow , Poland
| | - Monika Cichocka
- a Department of Radiology , Uniwersytet Jagiellonski w Krakowie Collegium Medicum , Krakow , Poland
| | - Justyna Kozub
- a Department of Radiology , Uniwersytet Jagiellonski w Krakowie Collegium Medicum , Krakow , Poland
| | - Paulina Karcz
- b Department of Electroradiology , Uniwersytet Jagiellonski w Krakowie Collegium Medicum , Krakow , Poland
| | - Izabela Herman-Sucharska
- b Department of Electroradiology , Uniwersytet Jagiellonski w Krakowie Collegium Medicum , Krakow , Poland
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Porges EC, Woods AJ, Lamb DG, Williamson JB, Cohen RA, Edden RAE, Harris AD. Impact of tissue correction strategy on GABA-edited MRS findings. Neuroimage 2017; 162:249-256. [PMID: 28882635 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.08.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue composition impacts the interpretation of magnetic resonance spectroscopy metabolite quantification. The goal of applying tissue correction is to decrease the dependency of metabolite concentrations on the underlying voxel tissue composition. Tissue correction strategies have different underlying assumptions to account for different aspects of the voxel tissue fraction. The most common tissue correction is the CSF-correction that aims to account for the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fraction in the voxel, in which it is assumed there are no metabolites. More recently, the α-correction was introduced to account for the different concentrations of GABA+in gray matter and white matter. In this paper, we show that the selected tissue correction strategy can alter the interpretation of results using data from a healthy aging cohort with GABA+ measurements in a frontal and posterior voxel. In a frontal voxel, we show an age-related decline in GABA+ when either no tissue correction (R2 = 0.25, p < 0.001) or the CSF-correction is applied (R2 = 0.08, p < 0.01). When applying the α-correction to the frontal voxel data, we find no relationship between age and GABA+ (R2 = 0.02, p = 0.15). However, with the α-correction we still find that cognitive performance is correlated with GABA+ (R2 = 0.11, p < 0.01). These data suggest that in healthy aging, while there is normal atrophy in the frontal voxel, GABA+ in the remaining tissue is not decreasing on average. This indicates that the selection of tissue correction can significantly impact the interpretation of MRS results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric C Porges
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory (CAM), McKnight Brain Institute, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | - Adam J Woods
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory (CAM), McKnight Brain Institute, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | - Damon G Lamb
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory (CAM), McKnight Brain Institute, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA; Brain Rehabilitation and Research Center, Malcom Randall Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, FL, USA; Center for Neuropsychological Studies, Department of Neurology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - John B Williamson
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory (CAM), McKnight Brain Institute, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA; Brain Rehabilitation and Research Center, Malcom Randall Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, FL, USA; Center for Neuropsychological Studies, Department of Neurology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ronald A Cohen
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory (CAM), McKnight Brain Institute, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | - Richard A E Edden
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; FM Kirby Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ashley D Harris
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; CAIR Program, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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Suri S, Emir U, Stagg CJ, Near J, Mekle R, Schubert F, Zsoldos E, Mahmood A, Singh-Manoux A, Kivimäki M, Ebmeier KP, Mackay CE, Filippini N. Effect of age and the APOE gene on metabolite concentrations in the posterior cingulate cortex. Neuroimage 2017; 152:509-516. [PMID: 28323160 PMCID: PMC5440729 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) has provided valuable information about the neurochemical profile of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, its clinical utility has been limited in part by the lack of consistent information on how metabolite concentrations vary in the normal aging brain and in carriers of apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4, an established risk gene for AD. We quantified metabolites within an 8cm3 voxel within the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC)/precuneus in 30 younger (20-40 years) and 151 cognitively healthy older individuals (60-85 years). All 1H-MRS scans were performed at 3T using the short-echo SPECIAL sequence and analyzed with LCModel. The effect of APOE was assessed in a sub-set of 130 volunteers. Older participants had significantly higher myo-inositol and creatine, and significantly lower glutathione and glutamate than younger participants. There was no significant effect of APOE or an interaction between APOE and age on the metabolite profile. Our data suggest that creatine, a commonly used reference metabolite in 1H-MRS studies, does not remain stable across adulthood within this region and therefore may not be a suitable reference in studies involving a broad age-range. Increases in creatine and myo-inositol may reflect age-related glial proliferation; decreases in glutamate and glutathione suggest a decline in synaptic and antioxidant efficiency. Our findings inform longitudinal clinical studies by characterizing age-related metabolite changes in a non-clinical sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Suri
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7JX, United Kingdom.
| | - Uzay Emir
- Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte J Stagg
- Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Jamie Near
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute and Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada H4H 1R3
| | - Ralf Mekle
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig, Berlin, Germany; Center for Stroke Research, Berlin (CSB), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Schubert
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig, Berlin, Germany
| | - Enikő Zsoldos
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7JX, United Kingdom
| | - Abda Mahmood
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7JX, United Kingdom
| | - Archana Singh-Manoux
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, INSERM, U1018 Villejuif, France
| | - Mika Kivimäki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Klaus P Ebmeier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7JX, United Kingdom
| | - Clare E Mackay
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7JX, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Filippini
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7JX, United Kingdom
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Marjańska M, McCarten JR, Hodges J, Hemmy LS, Grant A, Deelchand DK, Terpstra M. Region-specific aging of the human brain as evidenced by neurochemical profiles measured noninvasively in the posterior cingulate cortex and the occipital lobe using 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 7 T. Neuroscience 2017; 354:168-177. [PMID: 28476320 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The concentrations of fourteen neurochemicals associated with metabolism, neurotransmission, antioxidant capacity, and cellular structure were measured noninvasively from two distinct brain regions using 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Seventeen young adults (age 19-22years) and sixteen cognitively normal older adults (age 70-88years) were scanned. To increase sensitivity and specificity, 1H magnetic resonance spectra were obtained at the ultra-high field of 7T and at ultra-short echo time. The concentrations of neurochemicals were determined using water as an internal reference and accounting for gray matter, white matter, and cerebrospinal fluid content of the volume of interest. In the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), the concentrations of neurochemicals associated with energy (i.e., creatine plus phosphocreatine), membrane turnover (i.e., choline containing compounds), and gliosis (i.e., myo-inositol) were higher in the older adults while the concentrations of N-acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG) and phosphorylethanolamine (PE) were lower. In the occipital cortex (OCC), the concentration of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), a marker of neuronal viability, concentrations of the neurotransmitters Glu and NAAG, antioxidant ascorbate (Asc), and PE were lower in the older adults while the concentration of choline containing compounds was higher. Altogether, these findings shed light on how the human brain ages differently depending on region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Marjańska
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research and Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, 2021 6th ST SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States.
| | - J Riley McCarten
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Health Care System, 1 Veterans Drive, Minneapolis, MN 55417, United States; Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, 12-112 PWB, 516 Delaware ST SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - James Hodges
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, 2221 University Ave, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States
| | - Laura S Hemmy
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Health Care System, 1 Veterans Drive, Minneapolis, MN 55417, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, F282/2A West, 2450 Riverside Ave S, Minneapolis, MN 55454, United States
| | - Andrea Grant
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, 321 Church ST SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Dinesh K Deelchand
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research and Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, 2021 6th ST SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Melissa Terpstra
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research and Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, 2021 6th ST SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
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Chang R, Geng Z, Zhu Q, Song Z, Wang Y. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy reveals significant decline in the contents of N-acetylaspartylglutamate in the hippocampus of aged healthy subjects. Arch Med Sci 2017; 13:124-137. [PMID: 28144264 PMCID: PMC5206356 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2015.55710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To characterize the contents of choline (Cho), creatine (Cr) and N-acetylaspartylglutamate (NAA) in the hippocampus of healthy volunteers, we investigated the contents and their correlationship with age, gender and laterality. MATERIAL AND METHODS Volunteers were grouped into a young, a middle and an old age. The Cho, Cr and NAA contents were determined with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS), and the correlationship was analyzed with Pearson correlation. RESULTS The concentration of NAA in the bilateral hippocampi was markedly lower in the old than in the young and the middle (LSD test, all p < 0.025). Furthermore, NAA/Cr in the bilateral hippocampi head (left: 1.10 ±0.40 vs. 1.54 ±0.49 or 1.43 ±0.49; right: 1.04 ±0.42 vs. 1.35 ±0.40 or 1.30 ±0.42), region 1 of the bilateral hippocampal body (left: 1.24 ±0.53 vs. 1.58 ±0.58 or 1.35 ±0.44; right: 1.30 ±0.43 vs. 1.54 ±0.51 or 1.35 ±0.51) and region 2 of the left hippocampal body (1.21 ±0.32 vs. 1.46 ±0.36 or 1.36 ±0.44) and the left hippocampal tail (1.11 ±0.40 vs. 1.36 ±0.47 or 1.15 ±0.32) was significantly higher in the old than in the young and the middle, respectively (all p < 0.026). The NAA content in the bilateral hippocampal head, body and tail negatively correlated with age. Moreover, the NAA, Cho and Cr contents in the hippocampal body and the tail were higher in the right than the left. CONCLUSIONS The NAA content of the hippocampal head, body and tail were significantly decreased in the old compared with younger persons, and it negatively correlates with age. The NAA, Cho and Cr contents exhibit laterality in the hippocampal body and tail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiting Chang
- Department of Radiology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zuojun Geng
- Department of Radiology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qingfeng Zhu
- Department of Radiology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhenhu Song
- Department of Radiology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Department of Radiology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Crespo I, Santos A, Gómez-Ansón B, López-Mourelo O, Pires P, Vives-Gilabert Y, Webb SM, Resmini E. Brain metabolite abnormalities in ventromedial prefrontal cortex are related to duration of hypercortisolism and anxiety in patients with Cushing's syndrome. Endocrine 2016; 53:848-56. [PMID: 27103571 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-016-0963-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to excessive glucocorticoid (GC) concentration in Cushing's syndrome (CS) can affect the brain structurally and functionally; ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) is rich in GC receptors and therefore particularly vulnerable to excessive GC concentration. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) is a sensitive, non-invasive imaging technique that provides information on brain metabolites in vivo. Our aim was to investigate metabolite concentrations in vmPFC of CS patients and their relationship with clinical outcome. Twenty-two right-handed CS patients (7 active/15 in remission, 19 females, 41.6 ± 12.3 years) and 22 right-handed healthy controls (14 females, 41.7 ± 11 years) underwent brain MRI and (1)H-MRS exams at 3 Tesla. Concentrations of glutamate (Glu), glutamate + glutamine (Glx), creatine (Cr), N-Acetyl-aspartate (NAA), N-Acetyl-aspartate + N-acetylaspartylglutamate (total NAA), choline-containing compounds (Cho) and myoinositol (MI) were determined. Moreover, anxiety and depressive symptoms were evaluated with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) test, respectively. CS patients had lower concentrations of glutamate and total NAA in the vmPFC than healthy controls (8.6 ± 1.2 vs. 9.3 ± 0.7 mmol/L, and 6.4 ± 0.8 vs. 6.8 ± 0.4 mmol/L, respectively; p < 0.05). Duration of hypercortisolism was negatively correlated with total NAA (r = -0.488, p < 0.05). Moreover, the concentration of total NAA was negatively correlated with anxiety state (r = -0.359, p < 0.05). Brain metabolites are abnormal in the vmPFC of patients with CS. Decreased total NAA and glutamate concentrations indicate neuronal dysfunction that appear to be related with duration of hypercortisolism and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Crespo
- Endocrinology/Medicine Departments, Hospital Sant Pau, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER, Unidad 747), IIB-Sant Pau, ISCIII and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), C/Sant Antoni Maria Claret n.167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alicia Santos
- Endocrinology/Medicine Departments, Hospital Sant Pau, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER, Unidad 747), IIB-Sant Pau, ISCIII and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), C/Sant Antoni Maria Claret n.167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Gómez-Ansón
- Neuroradiology Unit, Hospital de Sant Pau, and IIB-Sant Pau, UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Patricia Pires
- INNDACYT, Avda. Europa, 20, Planta Baja Puerta, D 08907, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | | | - Susan M Webb
- Endocrinology/Medicine Departments, Hospital Sant Pau, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER, Unidad 747), IIB-Sant Pau, ISCIII and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), C/Sant Antoni Maria Claret n.167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eugenia Resmini
- Endocrinology/Medicine Departments, Hospital Sant Pau, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER, Unidad 747), IIB-Sant Pau, ISCIII and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), C/Sant Antoni Maria Claret n.167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain.
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Altered posterior cingulate brain metabolites and cognitive dysfunction in preterm adolescents. Pediatr Res 2016; 79:716-22. [PMID: 26821169 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2015.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extremely preterm (EP, <28 wk gestation) individuals have increased the risk of cognitive deficits compared with controls. The posterior cingulate region has an important role in cognitive function, but how this is affected by preterm birth is unknown. We aimed to compare brain metabolite ratios of neurons and cell membranes between EP 18-y olds and controls, and explore the association between metabolite ratios and cognitive outcomes. METHOD A regional cohort of 150 EP and 134 controls were recruited for the study. Cerebral metabolites were measured using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) obtained from a left posterior cingulate voxel. Total N-acetylaspartate (tNAA, neuronal marker)/total creatine (tCr), and total choline (tCho, cell membrane marker)/tCr ratios were compared between groups using linear regression. Metabolite ratios were correlated with tests of general intelligence (IQ), memory, and attention using linear or logistic regression. RESULTS Compared with controls, EP had lower tNAA/tCr (mean difference (95% CI) of -2.27% (-4.09, -0.45)) and tCho/tCr (mean difference (95% CI) of -11.11% (-20.37, -1.85)), all P = 0.02. Higher tCho/tCr correlated with better IQ in the EP group only; whereas higher tNAA/tCr ratios correlated with better scores in working memory and attention in both groups. CONCLUSION EP birth is associated with long-term brain metabolite ratio alterations. This may underlie poorer cognitive performance in EP survivors.
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Chiu PW, Mak HKF, Chan Y, Chan T, Ho KM. Hippocampal MR spectroscopic abnormalities in a cohort of syphilitic patients with HIV and neurosyphilis infection. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING 2014; 5:83-94. [PMID: 25625030 PMCID: PMC4299779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Co-infection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and neurosyphilis (NS) has become a rising trend, but the extent of brain damage associated with the concomitant infections remains unknown. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) can evaluate metabolic changes underlying early brain infections. 25 syphilitic patients (7 HIV-positive with NS; 6 HIV-positive without NS; 5 HIV-negative with NS; 7 non-HIV, non-NS) and 17 healthy controls (HC) underwent single-voxel (1)H-MRS in the bilateral hippocampi. Absolute concentrations of major metabolites were measured using a 3T MRI scanner. No significant structural abnormality was detected in all patients. However, metabolic changes were found in the left hippocampus of both the HIV-positive and NS subgroups, showing significantly higher choline (Cho), creatine (Cr) and myo-inositol (mI) compared to HC. In the right hippocampus, HIV-positive subgroup showed significantly higher Cr and reduced NAA, while NS subgroup only showed significantly reduced NAA compared to HC. The non-HIV, non-NS syphilitic subgroup showed no significant difference compared to HC. Substantial metabolic changes occurred in bilateral hippocampi in HIV and NS co-infections. NAA reduction might represent early neuronal damage, while mI/Cho elevation reflects gliosis/inflammatory changes. (1)H-MRS could serve as a non-invasive tool to triage patients suspected of NS for lumbar puncture in non-HIV syphilitic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pui-Wai Chiu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Henry Ka-Fung Mak
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Yung Chan
- Social Hygiene Service, Centre for Health Protection, Department of HealthHong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Tao Chan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - King-Man Ho
- Social Hygiene Service, Centre for Health Protection, Department of HealthHong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
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Niddam DM, Tsai SY, Lin YR. Statistical mapping of metabolites in the medial wall of the brain: a proton echo planar spectroscopic imaging study. Hum Brain Mapp 2014; 36:852-61. [PMID: 25338521 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
With magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI), it is possible to simultaneously map distributions of several brain metabolites with relatively good spatial resolution in a short time. Although other functional imaging modalities have taken advantage of population-based inferences using spatially extended statistics, this approach remains little utilized for MRSI. In this study, statistical nonparametric mapping (SnPM) was applied to two-dimensional MRSI data from the medial walls of the human brain to assess the effect of normal aging on metabolite concentrations. The effects of different preprocessing steps on these results were then explored. Short echo time MRSI of left and right medial walls was acquired in conjunction with absolute quantification of total choline, total creatine (tCr), glutamate and glutamine, myo-inositol, and N-acetyl-aspartate. Individual images were spatially warped to a common anatomical frame of reference. Age effects were assessed within SnPM as were the effects of voxel subsampling, variance smoothing, and spatial smoothing. The main findings were: (1) regions in the bilateral dorsal anterior cingulate and in the left posterior cingulate exhibited higher tCr concentrations with age; (2) voxel subsampling but not spatial smoothing enhanced the cluster-level statistical sensitivity; and (3) variance smoothing was of little benefit in this study. Our study shows that spatially extended statistics can yield information about regional-specific changes in metabolite concentrations obtained by short echo time MRSI. This opens up the possibility for systematic comparisons of metabolites in the medial wall of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Niddam
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Brain Science, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Clinical Research, Department of Medical Research, Integrated Brain Research Unit, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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