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Poggi GM, Corneti S, Aloisi I. The Quest for Reliable Drought Stress Screening in Tetraploid Wheat ( Triticum turgidum spp.) Seedlings: Why MDA Quantification after Treatment with 10% PEG-6000 Falls Short. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:517. [PMID: 38672787 PMCID: PMC11051145 DOI: 10.3390/life14040517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Drought stress poses significant productivity challenges to wheat. Several studies suggest that lower malondialdehyde (MDA) content may be a promising trait to identify drought-tolerant wheat genotypes. However, the optimal polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) concentration for screening seedlings for drought tolerance based on MDA quantification is not clear. The aim of this study was to verify whether a 10% (w/v) PEG-6000 concentration-induced water stress was reliable for discriminating between twenty-two drought-susceptible and drought-tolerant tetraploid wheat (Triticum turgidum spp. durum, turanicum, and carthlicum) accessions based on MDA quantification. To do so, its correlation with morpho-physiological traits, notoriously related to seedling drought tolerance, i.e., Seedling Vigour Index and Seedling Water Content, was evaluated. Results showed that MDA content was not a reliable biomarker for drought tolerance, as it did not correlate significantly with the aforementioned morpho-physiological traits, which showed, on the contrary, high positive correlation with each other. Combining our study with the cited literature, it clearly emerges that different wheat genotypes have different "water stress thresholds", highlighting that using a 10% PEG-6000 concentration for screening wheat seedlings for drought tolerance based on MDA quantification is not reliable. Given the conflicting results in the literature, this study provides important insights for selecting appropriate methods for evaluating wheat seedling drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Iris Aloisi
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (G.M.P.); (S.C.)
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Sarwar M, Saleem MF, Ullah N, Khan MJ, Maqsood H, Ahmad H, Tanveer A, Shahid M. Silver nanoparticles protect tillering in drought-stressed wheat by improving leaf water relations and physiological functioning. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2023; 50:901-914. [PMID: 37489023 DOI: 10.1071/fp23036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The tillering phase of wheat (Triticum aestivum ) crops is extremely susceptible to drought. We explored the potential of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in protecting wheat genotypes from drought injury during this sensitive stage. After treating with AgNPs (60ppm), the plants were submitted to different water levels; i.e. 100% field capacity (FC), 75% FC (mild drought), 50% FC (moderate drought) and 25% FC (severe drought) from 15 to 41days after sowing (tillering phase). Leaf physiological data were collected at stress termination, while yield attributes were recorded at crop maturity. We found that increasing drought intensity significantly impaired leaf physiology and grain yield of both studied genotypes. Compared with control, moderately and severely drought-stressed plants produced 25% and 45% lesser grain yield per spike, respectively (averaged across genotypes and years of study). Likewise, moderate and severe drought reduced photosynthesis by 49% and 76%, respectively, compared with control. In contrast, AgNPs significantly restored leaf physiological functioning and grain yield formation at maturity. For example, under moderate and severe drought, AgNPs-treated plants produced 22% and 17% more grains per plant, respectively, than their respective water-treated plants. Our study suggests that exogenous AgNPs can protect wheat crops from drought during early development stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sarwar
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Najeeb Ullah
- Agricultural Research Station, Office of VP for Research and Graduate Studies, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | | | - Hamza Maqsood
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hassaan Ahmad
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Asif Tanveer
- Department of Agronomy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
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Nikzad S, Mirmohammady Maibody SAM, Ehtemam MH, Golkar P, Mohammadi SA. Response of seed yield and biochemical traits of Eruca sativa Mill. to drought stress in a collection study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11157. [PMID: 37429927 PMCID: PMC10333284 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38028-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought tolerance is a complex trait in plants that involves different biochemical mechanisms. During two years of study (2019-2020), the responses of 64 arugula genotypes to drought stress were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications under field conditions. Several metabolic traits were evaluated, i.e. relative water content, photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll and carotenoids), proline, malondialdehyde, enzymatic antioxidants (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and peroxidase), total phenolic and flavonoid contents and seed yield. On average, the drought stress significantly increased the proline content (24%), catalase (42%), peroxidase (60%) and malondialdehyde activities (116%) over the two years of study. As a result of the drought stress, the seed yield (18%), relative water content (19.5%) and amount of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll and carotenoids) dropped significantly. However, the total phenolic and flavonoid contents showed no significant changes. Under drought stress, the highest seed yields were seen in the G50, G57, G54, G55 and G60 genotypes, while the lowest value was observed in the G16 genotype (94 g plant-1). According to the findings, when compared to the drought-sensitive genotypes, the drought-tolerant arugula genotypes were marked with higher levels of proline accumulation and antioxidant enzyme activity. Correlation analysis indicated the positive effects of peroxidase, catalase and proline on seed yield under drought conditions. These traits can be considered for the selection of drought-tolerant genotypes in breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharifeh Nikzad
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156 83111, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Hossein Ehtemam
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156 83111, Iran
| | - Pooran Golkar
- Department of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156 83111, Iran.
| | - Seyed Abolghasem Mohammadi
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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Chaouachi L, Marín-Sanz M, Kthiri Z, Boukef S, Harbaoui K, Barro F, Karmous C. The opportunity of using durum wheat landraces to tolerate drought stress: screening morpho-physiological components. AOB PLANTS 2023; 15:plad022. [PMID: 37228421 PMCID: PMC10205476 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plad022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Local genetic resources could constitute a promising solution to overcome drought stress. Thus, eight (8) durum wheat landraces and one improved variety were assessed for drought tolerance in pots under controlled conditions. Three water treatments were tested: control (100 % of the field capacity (FC)), medium (50 % FC) and severe (25 % FC) stress. The assessment was carried out at the seedling stage to mimic stress during crop set-up. Results showed that increased water stress led to a decrease in biomass and morpho-physiological parameters and an increase in antioxidant enzyme activities. Severe water stress decreased the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, relative water content (RWC) and water potential of the investigated genotypes by 56.45, 20.58, 50.18 and 139.4 %, respectively. Besides, the phenolic compounds content increased by 169.2 % compared to the control. Catalase and guaiacol peroxidase activities increased 17 days after treatment for most genotypes except Karim and Hmira. A principal component analysis showed that the most contributed drought tolerance traits were chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, RWC and electrolyte conductivity. Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean clustering showed that the landraces Aouija, Biskri and Hedhba exhibited a higher adaptive response to drought stress treatments, indicating that water stress-adaptive traits are included in Tunisian landraces germplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latifa Chaouachi
- Laboratory of Genetics and Cereal Breeding (LR14 AGR01), National Institute of Agronomy of Tunisia, Carthage University, 1082 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Miriam Marín-Sanz
- Department of Plant Breeding, Institute for Sustainable Agriculture-Spanish National Research Council (IAS-CSIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Zayneb Kthiri
- Laboratory of Genetics and Cereal Breeding (LR14 AGR01), National Institute of Agronomy of Tunisia, Carthage University, 1082 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sameh Boukef
- High Institute of Agronomy of Chott Mariam, Sousse University, Chott-Mariem 13, Sousse 4042, Tunisia
| | - Kalthoum Harbaoui
- Higher School of Agriculture of Mateur, Carthage University, 7030 Route de Tabarka, Tunisia
| | - Francisco Barro
- Department of Plant Breeding, Institute for Sustainable Agriculture-Spanish National Research Council (IAS-CSIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Chahine Karmous
- Laboratory of Genetics and Cereal Breeding (LR14 AGR01), National Institute of Agronomy of Tunisia, Carthage University, 1082 Tunis, Tunisia
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Li G, Zhang T, Yang L, Qin J, Yang Q, Cao Y, Luo J, Li X, Gao L, Chen Q, He X, Huang Y, Liu C, He L, Zheng J, Jiang K. Sterile line Dexiang074A enhances drought tolerance in hybrid rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1054571. [PMID: 36968360 PMCID: PMC10033888 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1054571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Heterosis has been widely used in rice breeding, especially in improving rice yield. But it has rarely been studied in rice abiotic stress, including the drought tolerance, which is becoming one of the most important threaten in decreasing rice yield. Therefore, it is essential to studying the mechanism underlying heterosis in improving drought tolerance of rice breeding. In this study, Dexiang074B (074B) and Dexiang074A (074A) served as maintainer lines and sterile lines. Mianhui146 (R146), Chenghui727 (R727), LuhuiH103 (RH103), Dehui8258 (R8258), Huazhen (HZ), Dehui938 (R938), Dehui4923 (R4923), and R1391 served as restorer lines. The progeny were Dexiangyou (D146), Deyou4727 (D4727), Dexiang 4103 (D4103), Deyou8258 (D8258), Deyou Huazhen (DH), Deyou 4938 (D4938), Deyou 4923 (D4923), and Deyou 1391 (D1391). The restorer line and hybrid offspring were subjected to drought stress at the flowering stage. The results showed that Fv/Fm values were abnormal and oxidoreductase activity and MDA content were increased. However, the performance of hybrid progeny was significantly better than their respective restorer lines. Although the yield of hybrid progeny and restorer lines decreased simultaneously, the yield in hybrid offspring is significantly lower than the respective restorer line. Total soluble sugar content was consistent with the yield result, so we found that 074A can enhance drought tolerance in hybrid rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengmi Li
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/Luzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center, Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang, China
- Biology and Molecular Biology Research Center, Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/Luzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center, Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang, China
| | - Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/Luzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center, Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang, China
| | - Jian Qin
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/Luzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center, Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang, China
| | - Qianhua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/Luzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center, Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang, China
| | - Yingjiang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/Luzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center, Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/Luzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center, Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang, China
| | - Xiangzhao Li
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/Luzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center, Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/Luzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center, Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/Luzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center, Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang, China
- Biology and Molecular Biology Research Center, Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang, China
| | - Xingping He
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/Luzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center, Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/Luzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center, Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang, China
| | - Chuantao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/Luzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center, Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang, China
| | - Ling He
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/Luzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center, Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang, China
| | - Jiakui Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/Luzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center, Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang, China
| | - Kaifeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/Luzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center, Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang, China
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Lv J, Feng Y, Jiang L, Zhang G, Wu T, Zhang X, Xu X, Wang Y, Han Z. Genome-wide identification of WOX family members in nine Rosaceae species and a functional analysis of MdWOX13-1 in drought resistance. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 328:111564. [PMID: 36549571 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
WUSCHEL-related homeobox (WOX) transcription factors (TFs) are important in plant development processes and evolutionary novelties. In this study, a genome-wide comprehensive analysis of WOX genes from nine Rosaceae species was carried out, and their potential roles in Malus were subsequently investigated. 125 WOXs in 9 Rosaceae species were identified and classified into three clades, i.e., the ancient, intermediate, and WUS clades. Prunus. domestica contained the most intra-genomic collinearity among the nine Rosaceae species. Additionally, the cis-elements in WOX gene family members were compared and classified into three categories, including phytohormone-responsive, plant growth and development, and abiotic and biotic stresses. Overexpression (OE) of MdWOX13-1 also increased the callus weight and enhanced ROS scavenging against drought stress. Furthermore, via yeast-one hybrid assay and LUC analyses, MdWOX13-1 could directly bind to the MdMnSOD promoter. Therefore, our results will facilitate further study of the WOX genes' function in the Rosaceae family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahong Lv
- Institute for Horticultural Plants, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yi Feng
- Institute for Horticultural Plants, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Lizhong Jiang
- Institute for Horticultural Plants, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Guibin Zhang
- Institute for Horticultural Plants, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Ting Wu
- Institute for Horticultural Plants, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xinzhong Zhang
- Institute for Horticultural Plants, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xuefeng Xu
- Institute for Horticultural Plants, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yi Wang
- Institute for Horticultural Plants, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Zhenhai Han
- Institute for Horticultural Plants, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, PR China
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7
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Mechanisms and Applications of Bacterial Inoculants in Plant Drought Stress Tolerance. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11020502. [PMID: 36838467 PMCID: PMC9958599 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Agricultural systems are highly affected by climatic factors such as temperature, rain, humidity, wind, and solar radiation, so the climate and its changes are major risk factors for agricultural activities. A small portion of the agricultural areas of Brazil is irrigated, while the vast majority directly depends on the natural variations of the rains. The increase in temperatures due to climate change will lead to increased water consumption by farmers and a reduction in water availability, putting production capacity at risk. Drought is a limiting environmental factor for plant growth and one of the natural phenomena that most affects agricultural productivity. The response of plants to water stress is complex and involves coordination between gene expression and its integration with hormones. Studies suggest that bacteria have mechanisms to mitigate the effects of water stress and promote more significant growth in these plant species. The underlined mechanism involves root-to-shoot phenotypic changes in growth rate, architecture, hydraulic conductivity, water conservation, plant cell protection, and damage restoration through integrating phytohormones modulation, stress-induced enzymatic apparatus, and metabolites. Thus, this review aims to demonstrate how plant growth-promoting bacteria could mitigate negative responses in plants exposed to water stress and provide examples of technological conversion applied to agroecosystems.
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Jin X, Zheng Y, Wang J, Chen W, Yang Z, Chen Y, Yang Y, Lu G, Sun B. SbNAC9 Improves Drought Tolerance by Enhancing Scavenging Ability of Reactive Oxygen Species and Activating Stress-Responsive Genes of Sorghum. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032401. [PMID: 36768724 PMCID: PMC9917103 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought stress severely threatens the yield of cereal crops. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanism of drought stress response of plants is crucial for developing drought-tolerant cultivars. NAC transcription factors (TFs) play important roles in abiotic stress of plants, but the functions of NAC TFs in sorghum are largely unknown. Here, we characterized a sorghum NAC gene, SbNAC9, and found that SbNAC9 can be highly induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG)-simulated dehydration treatments. We therefore investigated the function of SbNAC9 in drought stress response. Sorghum seedlings overexpressing SbNAC9 showed enhanced drought-stress tolerance with higher chlorophyll content and photochemical efficiency of PSII, stronger root systems, and higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capability than wild-type. In contrast, sorghum seedlings with silenced SbNAC9 by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) showed weakened drought stress tolerance. Furthermore, SbNAC9 can directly activate a putative peroxidase gene SbC5YQ75 and a putative ABA biosynthesis gene SbNCED3. Silencing SbC5YQ75 and SbNCED3 led to compromised drought tolerance and reduced ABA content of sorghum seedlings, respectively. Therefore, our findings revealed the important role of SbNAC9 in response to drought stress in sorghum and may shed light on genetic improvement of other crop species under drought-stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Guihua Lu
- Correspondence: (G.L.); (B.S.); Tel.: +86-13805172133 (G.L.); +86-25-89681986 (B.S.)
| | - Bo Sun
- Correspondence: (G.L.); (B.S.); Tel.: +86-13805172133 (G.L.); +86-25-89681986 (B.S.)
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9
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Harohalli Masthigowda M, Sharma D, Khobra R, Krishnappa G, Khan H, Singh SK, Singh G, Singh GP. Pollen viability as a potential trait for screening heat-tolerant wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2022; 49:625-633. [PMID: 35272764 DOI: 10.1071/fp21096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
High temperature during reproductive stage of winter crops causes sterility of pollen grains and reduced yield. It is essential to find the genotypes with higher pollen viability, as it is most sensitive to temperature extremes. A field study was conducted with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes to understand the effect of high temperature on pollen viability and grain yield for 2years under timely (TS) and late sown (LS) conditions. A strong correlation was observed between higher pollen viability and higher grain yield under heat stress condition. Genotypes like K7903, HD2932, WH730 and RAJ3765 showed higher pollen viability, whereas DBW17, HUW468, RAJ4014 and UP2425 had lower pollen viability under LS condition. Further, the quantification of antioxidant enzymes activity mainly, Super oxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Peroxidase (POD) and Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) has showed significant variation among study genotypes. Thus, the identified high pollen viability genotypes can serve as a potential source for trait based breeding under heat stress in wheat. The present study is a first of its kind to assess more number of wheat genotypes for pollen viability and antioxidants activity under field condition. It also confirms that pollen viability can be used as a potential trait to screen genotypes for heat stress tolerance in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Davinder Sharma
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, 132001 Haryana, India; and The Institute for cereal crops improvement, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Rinki Khobra
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, 132001 Haryana, India
| | | | - Hanif Khan
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, 132001 Haryana, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, 132001 Haryana, India
| | - Gyanendra Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, 132001 Haryana, India
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10
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Al-Shwaiman HA, Shahid M, Elgorban AM, Siddique KHM, Syed A. Beijerinckia fluminensis BFC-33, a novel multi-stress-tolerant soil bacterium: Deciphering the stress amelioration, phytopathogenic inhibition and growth promotion in Triticum aestivum (L.). CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 295:133843. [PMID: 35122822 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Environmental challenges like drought, salinity, heavy metals and pesticides directly/indirectly influence the environment and decreased the agricultural output. During its long developmental stages, cereal crops including wheat is exposed to a variety of abiotic/biotic stressors. Certain beneficial soil bacteria that can ameliorate environmental stresses can be exploited as crop growth promoters/enhancers under adverse situations. In this study, Beijerinckia fluminensis BFC-33 (accession no. MT672580) isolated from potato rhizosphere tolerated variousabiotic (drought, salinity, temperature, heavy metals, and fungicides) stresses. Strain BFC-33 demonstrated multifarious plant-growth-promoting (PGP) characteristics, such as the production of indole-3-acetic acid, P-solubilization, ACC deaminase, ammonia, siderophore, HCN, EPS, and extracellular enzymes. The antagonistic potential of BFC-33 against major fungal pathogens was ranked: Alternaria alternata (79.2%)>Rhizoctonia solani (69%)>Fusarium oxysporum (23.5%)>Ustilaginoidea virens (17%). Furthermore, bacterization of wheat seeds witha multi-stress-tolerant strain revealed B. fluminensis as a plant growth enhancer and biocontrol agent. For instance, increase in root length (cm) in BFC-33 inoculated wheat exposed to abiotic and biotic stresses at the seedling stage was ranked: B. fluminensis (24.2)>B. fluminensis + 100μgTBZLmL-1 (21.3) = B. fluminensis + 2%PEG (21.3)>B. fluminensis + 100 mM NaCl (19.7)>B. fluminensis + 100μgPbmL-1 (19) = B. fluminensis 100μgMNZBmL-1 (19)>B. fluminensis + A. alternata (17.4)>B. fluminensis + 100μgCdmL-1 (17)>B. fluminensis + F. oxysporum (13.4). In addition, increase in carotenoid accumulation (mg g-1FW) in the foliage of BFC-33 inoculated wheat exposed to fungal infection was ranked: BFC-33 (3.88)>BFC-33+ A. alternata (3.0)>BFC-33+ R. solani (2.78)>BFC-33+ F. oxysporum (2.44). Moreover, BFC-33 inoculation significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reduced stress-induced stressor molecules (proline and TBARS) and electrolyte leakage. Furthermore, B. fluminensis BFC-33 potentially enhanced the defense responses in wheat seedlings by increasing phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), β-1,3 glucanase, and polyphenol oxidase (PPO), which play a significant role in protecting plants from phytopathogens. Even so, by successfully establishing a product with the requisite effects under field settings, selecting multi-stress-tolerant and antagonistic plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) would be helpful to end-users. Future use of native multi-stress-tolerant bacteria as biocontrol agents in conjunction with existing drought, salinity, heavy metal, and pesticide tolerance might contribute to global food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hind A Al-Shwaiman
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Shahid
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Abdallah M Elgorban
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture and School of Agriculture & Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia
| | - Asad Syed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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11
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İşkil R, Surgun-Acar Y, Çatav ŞS, Zemheri-Navruz F, Erden Y. Mercury toxicity affects oxidative metabolism and induces stress responsive mechanisms in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 28:911-920. [PMID: 35592475 PMCID: PMC9110583 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-022-01171-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) toxicity is an increasing problem worldwide, with a negative impact on the environment and living organisms including both animals and plants. In this study, we analyzed molecular and biochemical changes related to Hg toxicity in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings. Seven-day-old seedlings were exposed to various concentrations (5, 10, and 20 µM) of HgCl2 for 24 and 48 h. Our results showed that HgCl2 treatments led to an increase in the Hg content of wheat leaves in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, significant increases were observed in hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, and proline contents in response to Hg toxicity. While all HgCl2 treatments decreased the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD), the level of catalase (CAT) was reduced only in seedlings exposed to 5 µM of HgCl2. Mercury stress caused a decline in the expression of Cu/Zn-SOD, Fe-SOD, TaWRKY19, and TaDREB1 genes at both exposure times. On the other hand, 10 and 20 µM HgCl2 treatments caused significant induction (1.9 to 6.1-fold) in the expression of the CAT gene in wheat leaves. The mRNA level of the Mn-SOD and TaWRKY2 genes showed different patterns depending on the concentration and exposure period of HgCl2. In conclusion, the findings of this work demonstrate that Hg toxicity causes oxidative damage in wheat seedlings and changes the expression of some genes encoding WRKY and DREB transcription factor families, which have important functions in abiotic stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia İşkil
- Department of Forest Engineering, Faculty of Forest, Bartın University, 74100 Bartın, Turkey
| | - Yonca Surgun-Acar
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17000 Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Şükrü Serter Çatav
- Division of Botany, Department of Biology, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, 48000 Muğla, Turkey
| | - Fahriye Zemheri-Navruz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bartın University, 74100 Bartın, Turkey
| | - Yavuz Erden
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bartın University, 74100 Bartın, Turkey
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12
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Abstract
Drought is one of the major abiotic constraints on wheat yields and also for sustainability of production levels around the world. In the near future, the occurrence likelihood of droughts is predicted to become more common, due to changing climatic conditions, thereby posing a serious threat to the food security system. Heterogeneity, in its time of occurrence and severity levels, is likely to further augment the complexity of drought conditions. Although wheat crop growth has progressively risen to good levels, as evident by notable increases in both area and production, the expected wheat demand for the ever-growing population is quite high. Besides crop yield volatility in the era of climate change and dwindling resources, “trait-based” breeding programs are required, so as to develop high yielding, climate resilient and stable genotypes, at a faster pace. For this to happen, a broad genetic base and wider adaptability to suit varied agro-ecologies would provide enough scope for their quicker spread. The current review places emphasis on making distinct categories of the wheat cultivars/advanced breeding lines, as tolerant, moderately tolerant or susceptible to drought stresses, duly supported by an extensive up-to-date literature base and will be useful for wheat researchers, in order to choose the best potential donors as parents, coupled with the associated traits for the development of drought-tolerant wheat varieties, and also to facilitate molecular studies.
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13
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Overexpression of SgDREB2C from Stylosanthes guianensis Leads to Increased Drought Tolerance in Transgenic Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073520. [PMID: 35408881 PMCID: PMC8998575 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Stylosanthes guianensis is an excellent forage legume in subtropical and tropical regions with drought tolerance, but little is known about its drought tolerance mechanism. Dehydration responsive element binding proteins (DREBs) are responsive to abiotic stresses. A SgDREB2C was cloned from S. guianensis, while SgDREB2C protein was localized at nucleus. SgDREB2C transcript was induced by dehydration treatment. Transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing SgDREB2C showed enhanced osmotic and drought tolerance with higher levels of relative germination rate, seedlings survival rate and Fv/Fm and lower levels of ion leakage compared with WT after osmotic and drought stress treatments. In addition, higher levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities and stress responsive gene (COR15A, COR47) transcripts were observed in transgenic Arabidopsis than in WT under drought stress. These results suggest that SgDREB2C regulated drought tolerance, which was associated with increased SOD and APX activities and stress-responsive gene expression under drought stress.
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14
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Osorio Zambrano MA, Castillo DA, Rodríguez Pérez L, Terán W. Cacao ( Theobroma cacao L.) Response to Water Stress: Physiological Characterization and Antioxidant Gene Expression Profiling in Commercial Clones. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:700855. [PMID: 34552605 PMCID: PMC8450537 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.700855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The increase in events associated with drought constraints plant growth and crop performance. Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) is sensitive to water deficit stress (DS), which limits productivity. The aim of this research was to characterise the response of seven (CCN51, FEAR5, ICS1, ICS60, ICS95, EET8, and TSH565) commercially important cacao clones to severe and temporal water deficit stress. Ten-month-old cacao trees were submitted to two treatments: well-watered and water-stressed until the leaf water potential (Ψ leaf) reached values between -3.0 and -3.5 MPa. The effects of hydric stress on water relations, gas exchange, photochemical activity, membrane integrity and oxidative stress-related gene expression were evaluated. All clones showed decreases in Ψ leaf, but TSH565 had a higher capacity to maintain water homeostasis in leaves. An initial response phase consisted of stomatal closure, a general mechanism to limit water loss: as a consequence, the photosynthetic rate dropped by approximately 98% on average. In some clones, the photosynthetic rate reached negative values at the maximum stress level, evidencing photorespiration and was confirmed by increased intracellular CO2. A second and photosynthetically limited phase was characterized by a drop in PSII quantum efficiency, which affected all clones. On average, all clones were able to recover after 4 days of rewatering. Water deficit triggered oxidative stress at the early phase, as evidenced by the upregulation of oxidative stress markers and genes encoding ROS scavenging enzymes. The effects of water deficit stress on energy metabolism were deduced given the upregulation of fermentative enzyme-coding genes. Altogether, our results suggest that the EET8 clone was the highest performing under water deficit while the ICS-60 clone was more susceptible to water stress. Importantly, the activation of the antioxidant system and PSII repair mechanism seem to play key roles in the observed differences in tolerance to water deficit stress among clones.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wilson Terán
- Plant and Crop Biology, Department of Biology, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
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15
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Differential responses of sorghum genotypes to drought stress revealed by physio-chemical and transcriptional analysis. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:2453-2462. [PMID: 33755850 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06279-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Sorghum is an essential food crop for millions of people in the semi-arid regions of the world, where its production is severely limited by drought stress. Drought in the early stages of crop growth and development irreversibly interferes, which leads to poor yield. The effect of drought stress in sorghum was studied at physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels in a set of two genotypes differing in their tolerance to drought. Drought stress was imposed by restraining water for 10 days on 25 days old seedlings. A significant influence of water stress was observed on the considered morpho-physiological and biochemical traits. The genotype DRT1019 exhibited physiological and biochemical indicators of drought avoidance through delayed leaf rolling, osmotic adjustment, ideal gas-exchange system, solute accumulation, an increased level of enzyme synthesis and root trait expression as compared to the ICSV95022 genotype. Furthermore, differences in the metabolite changes viz. total carbohydrate, total amides, and lipids were found between the two genotypes under drought stress. In addition, transcript profiling of potential candidate drought genes such as SbTIP3-1, SbDHN1, SbTPS, and SbDREB1A revealed up-regulation in DRT1019, which corresponded with other important physiological and biochemical parameters exhibited in the genotype. In conclusion, this study provides an improved understanding of whole plant response to drought stress in sorghum. Additionally, our results provide promising candidate genes for drought tolerance in sorghum that can be used as potential markers for drought tolerance breeding programs.
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16
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Host Antony David R, Ramakrishnan M, Maharajan T, BarathiKannan K, Atul Babu G, Daniel MA, Agastian P, Antony Caesar S, Ignacimuthu S. Mining QTL and genes for root traits and biochemical parameters under vegetative drought in South Indian genotypes of finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn) by association mapping and in silico comparative genomics. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.101935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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17
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Reilly A, Karki SJ, Twamley A, Tiley AMM, Kildea S, Feechan A. Isolate-Specific Responses of the Nonhost Grass Brachypodium distachyon to the Fungal Pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici Compared with Wheat. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2021; 111:356-368. [PMID: 32720875 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-02-20-0041-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Septoria tritici blotch (STB) is an important foliar disease of wheat that is caused by the fungal pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici. The grass Brachypodium distachyon has been used previously as a model system for cereal-pathogen interactions. In this study, we examined the nonhost resistance (NHR) response of B. distachyon to two different Z. tritici isolates in comparison with wheat. These isolates vary in aggressiveness on wheat cultivar Remus, displaying significant differences in disease and pycnidia coverage. Using microscopy, we found that similar isolate-specific responses were observed for hydrogen peroxide accumulation and cell death in both wheat and B. distachyon. Despite this, induction of isolate-specific patterns of defense gene expression by Z. tritici did differ between B. distachyon and wheat. Our results suggest that expression of the phenylalanine ammonia lyase PAL gene may be important for NHR in B. distachyon, while pathogenesis-related PR genes and expression of genes regulating reactive oxygen species may be important to limit disease in wheat. Future studies of the B. distachyon-Z. tritici interaction may allow identification of conserved plant immunity targets that are responsible for the isolate-specific responses observed in both plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisling Reilly
- School of Agriculture and Food Science and UCD Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Sujit Jung Karki
- School of Agriculture and Food Science and UCD Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Anthony Twamley
- School of Agriculture and Food Science and UCD Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Anna M M Tiley
- School of Agriculture and Food Science and UCD Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Steven Kildea
- Department of Crop Science, Teagasc Crops Environment and Land Use Programme, Teagasc, Oak Park, County Carlow, Ireland
| | - Angela Feechan
- School of Agriculture and Food Science and UCD Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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18
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Liu S, Zenda T, Dong A, Yang Y, Wang N, Duan H. Global Transcriptome and Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analyses of Growth-Stage-Specific Drought Stress Responses in Maize. Front Genet 2021; 12:645443. [PMID: 33574835 PMCID: PMC7870802 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.645443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought is the major abiotic stress threatening maize (Zea mays L.) production globally. Despite recent scientific headway in deciphering maize drought stress responses, the overall picture of key genes, pathways, and co-expression networks regulating maize drought tolerance is still fragmented. Therefore, deciphering the molecular basis of maize drought tolerance remains pertinent. Here, through a comprehensive comparative leaf transcriptome analysis of drought-tolerant hybrid ND476 plants subjected to water-sufficient and water-deficit treatment conditions at flared (V12), tasseling (VT), the prophase of grain filling (R2), and the anaphase of grain filling (R4) crop growth stages, we report growth-stage-specific molecular mechanisms regulating maize drought stress responses. Based on the transcriptome analysis, a total of 3,451 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from the four experimental comparisons, with 2,403, 650, 397, and 313 DEGs observed at the V12, VT, R1, and R4 stages, respectively. Subsequently, 3,451 DEGs were divided into 12 modules by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), comprising 277 hub genes. Interestingly, the co-expressed genes that clustered into similar modules exhibited diverse expression tendencies and got annotated to different GO terms at different stages. MapMan analysis revealed that DEGs related to stress signal transduction, detoxification, transcription factor regulation, hormone signaling, and secondary metabolites biosynthesis were universal across the four growth stages. However, DEGs associated with photosynthesis and amino acid metabolism; protein degradation; transport; and RNA transcriptional regulation were uniquely enriched at the V12, VT, R2, and R4 stages, respectively. Our results affirmed that maize drought stress adaptation is a growth-stage-specific response process, and aid in clarifying the fundamental growth-stage-specific mechanisms regulating drought stress responses in maize. Moreover, genes and metabolic pathways identified here can serve as valuable genetic resources or selection targets for further functional validation experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songtao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China.,North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China.,Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Tinashe Zenda
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China.,North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China.,Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Anyi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China.,North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China.,Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Yatong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China.,North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China.,Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Nan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China.,North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China.,Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Huijun Duan
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China.,North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China.,Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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19
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Hosseini SZ, Ismaili A, Nazarian-Firouzabadi F, Fallahi H, Rezaei Nejad A, Sohrabi SS. Dissecting the molecular responses of lentil to individual and combined drought and heat stresses by comparative transcriptomic analysis. Genomics 2021; 113:693-705. [PMID: 33485953 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Lentil cultivation could be challenged by combined heat and drought stress in semi-arid regions. We used RNA-seq approach to profile transcriptome changes of Lens culinaris exposed to individual and combined heat and drought stresses. It was determined that most of the differentially expressed genes observed in response to combined stress, could not be identified by analysis of transcriptome exposed to corresponding individual stresses. Interestingly, this study results revealed that the expression of ribosome generation and protein biosynthesis and starch degradation pathways related genes were uniquely up-regulated under the combined stress. Although multiple genes related to antioxidant activity were up-regulated in response to all stresses, variation in types and expression levels of these genes under the combined stress were higher than that of individual stresses. Using this comparative approach, for the first time, we reported up-regulation of several TF, CDPK, CYP, and antioxidant genes in response to combined stress in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Zahra Hosseini
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Ismaili
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.
| | | | - Hossein Fallahi
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Abdolhossein Rezaei Nejad
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, College of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.
| | - Seyed Sajad Sohrabi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.
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20
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Wang D, Lu X, Chen X, Wang S, Wang J, Guo L, Yin Z, Chen Q, Ye W. Temporal salt stress-induced transcriptome alterations and regulatory mechanisms revealed by PacBio long-reads RNA sequencing in Gossypium hirsutum. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:838. [PMID: 33246403 PMCID: PMC7694341 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07260-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is considered a fairly salt tolerant crop however, salinity can still cause significant economic losses by affecting the yield and deteriorating the fiber quality. We studied a salt-tolerant upland cotton cultivar under temporal salt stress to unfold the salt tolerance molecular mechanisms. Biochemical response to salt stress (400 mM) was measured at 0 h, 3 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h post stress intervals and single-molecule long-read sequencing technology from Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) combined with the unique molecular identifiers approach was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEG). Results Antioxidant enzymes including, catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) were found significantly induced under temporal salt stress, suggesting that reactive oxygen species scavenging antioxidant machinery is an essential component of salt tolerance mechanism in cotton. We identified a wealth of novel transcripts based on the PacBio long reads sequencing approach. Prolonged salt stress duration induces high number of DEGs. Significant numbers of DEGs were found under key terms related to stress pathways such as “response to oxidative stress”, “response to salt stress”, “response to water deprivation”, “cation transport”, “metal ion transport”, “superoxide dismutase”, and “reductase”. Key DEGs related to hormone (abscisic acid, ethylene and jasmonic acid) biosynthesis, ion homeostasis (CBL-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase genes, calcium-binding proteins, potassium transporter genes, potassium channel genes, sodium/hydrogen exchanger or antiporter genes), antioxidant activity (POD, SOD, CAT, glutathione reductase), transcription factors (myeloblastosis, WRKY, Apetala 2) and cell wall modification were found highly active in response to salt stress in cotton. Expression fold change of these DEGs showed both positive and negative responses, highlighting the complex nature of salt stress tolerance mechanisms in cotton. Conclusion Collectively, this study provides a good insight into the regulatory mechanism under salt stress in cotton and lays the foundation for further improvement of salt stress tolerance. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-020-07260-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delong Wang
- College of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, 311 Nongda East Road, Urumqi, 830052, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Xuke Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Xiugui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Junjuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Lixue Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Zujun Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Quanjia Chen
- College of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, 311 Nongda East Road, Urumqi, 830052, P. R. China
| | - Wuwei Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China.
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21
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Liu H, Chen H, Ding G, Li K, Ren Q. Identification of candidate genes conferring tolerance to aluminum stress in Pinus massoniana inoculated with ectomycorrhizal fungus. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:521. [PMID: 33198640 PMCID: PMC7667757 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02719-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pinus massoniana Lamb. is an important afforestation tree species with high economic, ecological and medicinal values. Aluminum (Al) toxicity driven by soil acidification causes dieback of P. massoniana plantations. Previous studies showed that ectomycorrhizal fungi alleviate Al stress damages in Pinus, but the underlying molecular mechanisms and key genes induced by ectomycorrhizal fungi inoculation under Al stress in Pinus have not been explored. Herein, we applied Al stress for 60 days to P. massoniana seedlings inoculated with Suillus luteus (SL) and those non-inoculated. Then, we compared their growth parameters and transcriptome in order to detect candidate genes induced by SL conferring Al tolerance in P. massoniana. RESULT Our results showed that SL inoculation confers Al stress tolerance in P. massoniana through improved growth performance, strong antioxidant enzyme activities and reduced malondialdehyde accumulation as compared to non-inoculated seedlings. Transcriptome sequencing further supported these findings as very few genes (51 genes) were transcriptionally altered by Al in SL inoculated plants as compared to non-inoculated plants (2140 genes). We identified three core genes (cox1, cox3 and Nd1) that were strongly up-regulated by Al in the SL inoculated plants but were down-regulated in the non-inoculated plants. We also identified 42 genes specifically regulated by SL inoculated plants under Al stress, which are involved in a wide range of biological processes such as antioxidative response, transporters, hormone signaling and plant pathogen infection responses. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, our data suggest that SL inoculation induces priming of key stress response pathways and triggers specific genes that efficiently alleviate Al stress effects in P. massoniana. The candidate genes resources generated in this study are of utmost importance for functional characterization and molecular studies aiming at improving Al tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Liu
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University/Institute for Forest Resources & Environment of Guizhou, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
- Guizhou Botanical Garden, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Houying Chen
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University/Institute for Forest Resources & Environment of Guizhou, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Guijie Ding
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University/Institute for Forest Resources & Environment of Guizhou, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China.
| | - Kuaifen Li
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University/Institute for Forest Resources & Environment of Guizhou, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Qifei Ren
- Guizhou Botanical Garden, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
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22
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Đurić M, Subotić A, Prokić L, Trifunović-Momčilov M, Cingel A, Vujičić M, Milošević S. Morpho-Physiological and Molecular Evaluation of Drought and Recovery in Impatiens walleriana Grown Ex Vitro. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9111559. [PMID: 33202704 PMCID: PMC7697770 DOI: 10.3390/plants9111559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study was carried out to examine the drought effect on development, physiological, biochemical and molecular parameters in Impatiens walleriana grown ex vitro. Experiment design included three treatments: Control plants—grown under optimal watering (35%–37% of soil moisture content), drought-stressed plants—non-irrigated to reach 15% and 5% of soil moisture content and recovery plants—rehydrated for four days to reach optimal soil moisture content. Drought reduced fresh weight, total leaf area, as well as dry weight of I. walleriana shoots. Drought up-regulated expression of abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis genes 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase 4 (NCED4) and abscisic aldehyde oxidase 2 (AAO2) and catabolic gene ABA 8′-hydroxylase 3 (ABA8ox3) which was followed by increased ABA content in the leaves. Decrement in water potential of shoots during the drought was not accompanied with increased amino acid proline content. We detected an increase in chlorophyll, carotenoid, total polyphenols and flavonols content under drought conditions, as well as malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide and DPPH (1,1′-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) activity. Increased antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase) throughout drought were also determined. Recovery treatment was significant for neutralizing drought effect on growth parameters, shoot water potential, proline content and genes expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Đurić
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.S.); (M.T.-M.); (A.C.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +381-11-207-8425
| | - Angelina Subotić
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.S.); (M.T.-M.); (A.C.); (S.M.)
| | - Ljiljana Prokić
- Department for Agrochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Milana Trifunović-Momčilov
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.S.); (M.T.-M.); (A.C.); (S.M.)
| | - Aleksandar Cingel
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.S.); (M.T.-M.); (A.C.); (S.M.)
| | - Milorad Vujičić
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Snežana Milošević
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.S.); (M.T.-M.); (A.C.); (S.M.)
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Kumar RR, Dubey K, Goswami S, Hasija S, Pandey R, Singh PK, Singh B, Sareen S, Rai GK, Singh GP, Singh AK, Chinnusamy V, Praveen S. Heterologous expression and characterization of novel manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) – A potential biochemical marker for heat stress-tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum). Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 161:1029-1039. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Two Festuca Species- F. arundinacea and F. glaucescens-Differ in the Molecular Response to Drought, While Their Physiological Response Is Similar. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093174. [PMID: 32365894 PMCID: PMC7246586 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Impact of photosynthetic and antioxidant capacities on drought tolerance of two closely related forage grasses, Festuca arundinacea and Festuca glaucescens, was deciphered. Within each species, two genotypes distinct in drought tolerance were subjected to a short-term drought, followed by a subsequent re-watering. The studies were focused on: (i) analysis of plant physiological performance, including: water uptake, abscisic acid (ABA) content, membrane integrity, gas exchange, and relative water content in leaf tissue; (ii) analysis of plant photosynthetic capacity (chlorophyll fluorescence; gene expression, protein accumulation, and activity of selected enzymes of the Calvin cycle); and (iii) analysis of plant antioxidant capacity (reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation; gene expression, protein accumulation and activity of selected enzymes). Though, F. arundinacea and F. glaucescens revealed different strategies in water uptake, and partially also in ABA signaling, their physiological reactions to drought and further re-watering, were similar. On the other hand, performance of the Calvin cycle and antioxidant system differed between the analyzed species under drought and re-watering periods. A stable efficiency of the Calvin cycle in F. arundinacea was crucial to maintain a balanced network of ROS/redox signaling, and consequently drought tolerance. The antioxidant capacity influenced mostly tolerance to stress in F. glaucescens.
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25
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Zhu Y, Luo X, Nawaz G, Yin J, Yang J. Physiological and Biochemical Responses of four cassava cultivars to drought stress. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6968. [PMID: 32332812 PMCID: PMC7181862 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63809-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant mechanism is crucial for resisting oxidative damage induced by drought stress in plants. Different antioxidant mechanisms may contribute to the tolerance of cassava to drought stress, but for a specific genotype, the response is still unknown. The objective of this study was to investigate antioxidant response and physiological changes of four cassava genotypes under water stress conditions, by keeping the soil moisture content as 80% (control), 50% (medium), 20% (severe) of field capacity for a week. Genotypes RS01 and SC124 were keeping higher relative water content (RWC) and relative chlorophyll content (SPAD value) and less affected by oxidative stress than SC205 and GR4 under drought stress. RS01 just showed slight membrane damage and oxidative stress even under severe drought conditions. A principal component analysis showed that cassava plant water status was closely related to the antioxidant mechanism. Antioxidant response in genotypes RS01 and SC124 under drought stress might attribute to the increased accumulation of ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) content and higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, which explained by the up-regulation of Mn-SOD and CAT genes. However, Genotypes SC205 and GR4 mainly depended on the accumulation of total phenolics (TP) and increased glutathione reductase (GR) activity, which attribute to the up-regulation of the GR gene. Our findings could provide vital knowledge for refining the tactics of cultivation and molecular breeding with drought avoidance in cassava.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Zhu
- Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Xinglu Luo
- Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China.
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Nanning, 530005, China.
| | - Gul Nawaz
- Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Jingjing Yin
- Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Jingni Yang
- Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
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26
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Pereira WJ, Melo ATDO, Coelho ASG, Rodrigues FA, Mamidi S, Alencar SAD, Lanna AC, Valdisser PAMR, Brondani C, Nascimento-Júnior IRD, Borba TCDO, Vianello RP. Genome-wide analysis of the transcriptional response to drought stress in root and leaf of common bean. Genet Mol Biol 2020; 43:e20180259. [PMID: 31429863 PMCID: PMC7307723 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2018-0259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Genes related to the response to drought stress in leaf and root tissue of
drought-susceptible (DS) and tolerant (DT) genotypes were characterized by
RNA-Seq. In total, 54,750 transcripts, representative of 28,590 genes, were
identified; of these, 1,648 were of high-fidelity (merge of 12 libraries) and
described for the first time in the Andean germplasm. From the 1,239
differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 458 were identified in DT, with a
predominance of genes in categories of oxidative stress, response to stimulus
and kinase activity. Most genes related to oxidation-reduction terms in roots
were early triggered in DT (T75) compared to DS (T150) suggestive of a mechanism
of tolerance by reducing the damage from ROS. Among the KEGG enriched by DEGs
up-regulated in DT leaves, two related to the formation of Sulfur-containing
compounds, which are known for their involvement in tolerance to abiotic
stresses, were common to all treatments. Through qPCR, 88.64% of the DEGs were
validated. A total of 151,283 variants were identified and functional effects
estimated for 85,780. The raw data files were submitted to the NCBI database. A
transcriptome map revealed new genes and isoforms under drought. These results
supports a better understanding of the drought tolerance mechanisms in
beans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendell Jacinto Pereira
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.,Universidade de Brasília, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Sujan Mamidi
- Genome Sequencing Center, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Sérgio Amorim de Alencar
- Universidade Católica de Brasília, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Anna Cristina Lanna
- EMBRAPA Arroz e Feijão, Rod. GO - 462, Km 12, Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Claudio Brondani
- EMBRAPA Arroz e Feijão, Rod. GO - 462, Km 12, Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, Brazil
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27
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Abideen Z, Koyro HW, Huchzermeyer B, Ansari R, Zulfiqar F, Gul B. Ameliorating effects of biochar on photosynthetic efficiency and antioxidant defence of Phragmites karka under drought stress. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2020; 22:259-266. [PMID: 31618504 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Biochar (BC) has been reported to improve growth and drought resistance in many plants. However, adequate information on the drought resistance mechanism mediated of BC on Phragmites karka, a bioenergy plant, is not available. The impact of BC addition (0%, 0.75% and 2.5%) on plant growth and physiology of P. karka under drought was assessed. Soil water-holding capacity and soil water content were significantly improved with 0.75% BC as compared with the un-amended controls. This resulted in improved plant performance under drought conditions. An increase of parameters, such as plant fresh and dry biomass, root to shoot ratio and root mass fraction, was paralleled by an increase of chlorophyll content, net photosynthesis rate and water use efficiency of plants. Plants treated with 0.75% BC experienced less oxidative stress due to higher photosystem II efficiency and stimulated activity of antioxidant defense systems. Our results demonstrate that soil amendment with 0.75% BC allow the potential energy plant P. karka to grow in an arid habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Abideen
- Dr. Muhammad Ajmal Khan Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
- Institute of Plant Ecology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Institute of Botany, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University, Herrenhäuser, Hannover, Germany
| | - H-W Koyro
- Institute of Plant Ecology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - B Huchzermeyer
- Institute of Botany, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University, Herrenhäuser, Hannover, Germany
| | - R Ansari
- Dr. Muhammad Ajmal Khan Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - F Zulfiqar
- Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - B Gul
- Dr. Muhammad Ajmal Khan Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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28
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Yang Z, Chi X, Guo F, Jin X, Luo H, Hawar A, Chen Y, Feng K, Wang B, Qi J, Yang Y, Sun B. SbWRKY30 enhances the drought tolerance of plants and regulates a drought stress-responsive gene, SbRD19, in sorghum. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 246-247:153142. [PMID: 33383401 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
WRKY transcription factors have been suggested to play important roles in response and adaptation to drought stress. However, how sorghum WRKY transcription factors function in drought stress is still unclear. Here, we identify a WRKY transcription factor of sorghum, SbWRKY30, which is induced significantly by drought stress. SbWRKY30 is mainly expressed in sorghum taproot and leaf. SbWRKY30 has transcriptional activation activity and functions in the nucleus. Heterologous expression of SbWRKY30 confers tolerance to drought stress in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and rice by affecting root architecture. In addition, SbWRKY30 transgenic Arabidopsis and rice plants have higher proline contents and SOD, POD, and CAT activities but lower MDA contents than wild-type plants after drought stress. As a homologous gene of the drought stress-responsive gene RD19 of Arabidopsis, SbRD19 overexpression in Arabidopsis improved the drought tolerance of plants relative to wild-type plants. Further analysis demonstrated that SbWRKY30 could induce SbRD19 expression through binding to the W-box element in the promoter of SbRD19. These results suggest that SbWRKY30 functions as a positive regulator in response to drought stress. Therefore, SbWRKY30 may serve as a promising candidate gene for molecular breeding to generate drought-tolerant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Fengfei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Xueying Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Huilian Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Amangul Hawar
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yaxin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Kangkang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Jinliang Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yonghua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Jia H, Li J, Zhang J, Sun P, Lu M, Hu J. The Salix psammophila SpRLCK1 involved in drought and salt tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 144:222-233. [PMID: 31586722 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases (RLCKs) play critical roles in biotic and abiotic stress responses in plants. However, the functions of RLCKs from the desert shrub willow Salix psammophila have not been characterized. Here, we focused on the biological function of SpRLCK1, which was previously identified as a potential drought-related gene. Phylogenetic analysis and subcellular localization revealed that SpRLCK1 was a cytoplasmic-localized protein with a protein kinase domain and belonged to the RLCK VIIa subclass. Gene expression profile revealed that SpRLCK1 was predominantly expressed in the root, being consistent with the GUS staining of pSpRLCK1:GUS transgenic plants. Additionally, the expression of SpRLCK1 was significantly induced by drought and salt stresses. To verify the function of SpRLCK1, we generated its overexpressing transgenic lines in Arabidopsis thaliana. The SpRLCK1-overexpressing plants exhibited higher tolerance to drought and salt stresses, as evidenced by the higher survival rate, relative water content and antioxidant enzyme activity than those of wild-type plants. The SpRLCK1-overexpressing plants enhanced drought and salt tolerance by improving ROS-scavenging activities. A co-expression network for SpRLCK1 was constructed, and the expression analysis indicated that SpRLCK1 regulated the expression of a series of stress-related genes. Taken together, our results demonstrate that SpRLCK1 confers plant drought and salt tolerance through enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and cooperating with stress-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixia Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Jianbo Li
- Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 102300, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Pei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Mengzhu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Jianjun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China.
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30
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Protective Role of Leaf Variegation in Pittosporum tobira under Low Temperature: Insights into the Physio-Biochemical and Molecular Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194857. [PMID: 31574927 PMCID: PMC6801658 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Leaf variegation has been demonstrated to have adaptive functions such as cold tolerance. Pittosporum tobira is an ornamental plant with natural leaf variegated cultivars grown in temperate regions. Herein, we investigated the role of leaf variegation in low temperature responses by comparing variegated “Variegatum” and non-variegated “Green Pittosporum” cultivars. We found that leaf variegation is associated with impaired chloroplast development in the yellow sector, reduced chlorophyll content, strong accumulation of carotenoids and high levels of ROS. However, the photosynthetic efficiency was not obviously impaired in the variegated leaves. Also, leaf variegation plays low temperature protective function since “Variegatum” displayed strong and efficient ROS-scavenging enzymatic systems to buffer cold (10 °C)-induced damages. Transcriptome analysis under cold conditions revealed 309 differentially expressed genes between both cultivars. Distinctly, the strong cold response observed in “Variegatum” was essentially attributed to the up-regulation of HSP70/90 genes involved in cellular homeostasis; up-regulation of POD genes responsible for cell detoxification and up-regulation of FAD2 genes and subsequent down-regulation of GDSL genes leading to high accumulation of polyunsaturated fatty acids for cell membrane fluidity. Overall, our results indicated that leaf variegation is associated with changes in physiological, biochemical and molecular components playing low temperature protective function in P. tobira.
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31
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Using intervarietal substitution lines for the identification of wheat chromosomes involved in early responses to water-deficit stress. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221849. [PMID: 31465430 PMCID: PMC6715202 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Water deficit induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction, which in turn inhibits plant growth and development. High concentrations of ROS disrupt the osmotic balance in plant cells and alter membrane integrity. Chromosomes carrying structural or regulatory genes must be detected to better understand plant response mechanisms to stress. The aim of our study was to identify Triticum aestivum L. chromosomes involved in early responses to short-term water-deficit stress (1, 3 and 6 h). In the present study, intervarietal substitution lines of drought-tolerant 'Saratovskaya 29' and sensitive 'Janetzkis Probat' wheat cultivars were examined. We studied the biochemical plant response system and conducted an analysis of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and guaiacol peroxidase activities, levels of lipid peroxidation and changes in relative water content. Our results determined that the first reaction was a significant increase in guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) activity. However, the strongest impact on plant responses was found for catalase (CAT), which caused a significant decrease in lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels. Our findings indicate that chromosomes 5A, 4B, 6B and 7D are associated with early responses to short-term osmotic stress in wheat.
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32
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Dudziak K, Zapalska M, Börner A, Szczerba H, Kowalczyk K, Nowak M. Analysis of wheat gene expression related to the oxidative stress response and signal transduction under short-term osmotic stress. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2743. [PMID: 30808876 PMCID: PMC6391441 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39154-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Water shortage is a major environmental stress that causes the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The increase in ROS production induces molecular responses, which are key factors in determining the level of plant tolerance to stresses, including drought. The aim of this study was to determine the expression levels of genes encoding MAPKs (MAPK3 and MAPK6), antioxidant enzymes (CAT, APX and GPX) and enzymes involved in proline biosynthesis (P5CS and P5CR) in Triticum aestivum L. seedlings in response to short-term drought conditions. A series of wheat intervarietal substitution lines (ISCSLs) obtained by the substitution of single chromosomes from a drought-sensitive cultivar into the genetic background of a drought-tolerant cultivar was used. This source material allowed the chromosomal localization of the genetic elements involved in the response to the analyzed stress factor (drought). The results indicated that the initial plant response to drought stress resulted notably in changes in the expression of MAPK6 and CAT and both the P5CS and P5CR genes. Our results showed that the substitution of chromosomes 3B, 5A, 7B and 7D had the greatest impact on the expression level of all tested genes, which indicates that they contain genetic elements that have a significant function in controlling tolerance to water deficits in the wheat genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Dudziak
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobioengineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 15 Akademicka St., 20-950, Lublin, Poland
| | - Magdalena Zapalska
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobioengineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 15 Akademicka St., 20-950, Lublin, Poland
| | - Andreas Börner
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, D-06466, Stadt Seeland, Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Hubert Szczerba
- Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 8 Skromna St., 20-704, Lublin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kowalczyk
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobioengineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 15 Akademicka St., 20-950, Lublin, Poland
| | - Michał Nowak
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobioengineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 15 Akademicka St., 20-950, Lublin, Poland.
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33
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El-Esawi MA, Al-Ghamdi AA, Ali HM, Ahmad M. Overexpression of AtWRKY30 Transcription Factor Enhances Heat and Drought Stress Tolerance in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10020163. [PMID: 30791662 PMCID: PMC6410048 DOI: 10.3390/genes10020163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought and heat factors have negative impacts on wheat yield and growth worldwide. Improving wheat tolerance to heat and drought stress is of the utmost importance to maintain crop yield. WRKY transcription factors help improve plant resistance to environmental factors. In this investigation, Arabidopsis WRKY30 (AtWRKY30) transcription factor was cloned and expressed in wheat. Plants growth, biomass, gas-exchange attributes, chlorophyll content, relative water content, prolines content, soluble proteins content, soluble sugars content, and antioxidant enzymes activities (catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX)) of the AtWRKY30-overexpressing wheat plants were higher than those of the wild type. However, levels of electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide of the AtWRKY30-overexpressing wheat plants were significantly less than those of the wild-type. Additionally, the expression level of antioxidant enzyme-encoding genes and stress-responsive genes (ERF5a, DREB1, DREB3, WRKY19, TIP2, and AQP7) were significantly induced in the transgenic wheat plants in comparison with the wild type. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that AtWRKY30 overexpression promotes heat and drought tolerance in wheat by inducing gas-exchange attributes, antioxidant machinery, osmolytes biosynthesis, and stress-related gene expression. AtWRKY30 could serve as a potential candidate gene for improving stress tolerance in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A El-Esawi
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
| | - Abdullah A Al-Ghamdi
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hayssam M Ali
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Timber Trees Research Department, Sabahia Horticulture Research Station, Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Alexandria 21526, Egypt.
| | - Margaret Ahmad
- UMR CNRS 8256 (B2A), Université Paris VI, 75005 Paris, France.
- Department of Biology, Xavier University, Cincinnati, OH 45207, USA.
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34
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Granda L, Rosero A, Benešová K, Pluháčková H, Neuwirthová J, Cerkal R. Content of Selected Vitamins and Antioxidants in Colored and Nonpigmented Varieties of Quinoa, Barley, and Wheat Grains. J Food Sci 2018; 83:2439-2447. [PMID: 30184268 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The diversity in human diets that can be reached by proper use of different crops and varieties, including some underutilized ones, is a potentially powerful strategy to ensure food security and prevent serious health problems caused by current diets that are often not fulfilling nutritional requirements. In the framework of this research, the content of tocopherols and tocotrienols, thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine, and superoxide dismutase in nine varieties of quinoa, both colored and nonpigmented, obtained from 4 different countries, was investigated and compared to the content of the same vitamins and antioxidants in barley and wheat, both colored and nonpigmented, cultivated in the same experimental field. The aim of this work was to create a crop diversity strategy and encourage the consumption of underutilized crops to ensure that the human diet fulfills nutritional requirements. The contents of vitamin B1, B2, B6, tocopherol, and tocotrienol isomers and superoxide dismutase were determined via HPLC; imaging techniques were used to evaluate the seed color. Quinoa grains had the greatest concentration of tocopherol isomers and activity, represented mainly by α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol. Wheat and barley seeds had substantial concentrations of tocopherols and tocotrienols. The concentration of riboflavin was greater in barley and wheat than in quinoa, the concentrations of pyridoxine and thiamine were variety-dependent in all grains. Quinoa grains had greater concentration of superoxide dismutase compared to wheat and barley. The richness of each variety and crop should be recognized and used integrally to improve the diet quality. PRACTICAL APPLICATION Nutritional potential of crops was evaluated from the viewpoint of selected vitamins and antioxidants to create a well-balanced diet. Combined use of both traditional (wheat, barley) and underutilized crops (quinoa) is recommended. HPLC methods and image analysis were successfully used as viable tools for food quality determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leiter Granda
- Dept. of Crop Science, Breeding and Plant Medicine, Mendel Univ. in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Amparo Rosero
- Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria-CORPOICA, Turipaná, Km 13 vía Montería, Cereté-Córdoba, Colombia
| | - Karolína Benešová
- Research Inst. of Brewing and Malting, PLC, Malting Inst. Brno, Mostecka 7, 614 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Pluháčková
- Dept. of Crop Science, Breeding and Plant Medicine, Mendel Univ. in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Neuwirthová
- Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk Univ., Kamenice, 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Radim Cerkal
- Dept. of Crop Science, Breeding and Plant Medicine, Mendel Univ. in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Dossa K, Li D, Wang L, Zheng X, Liu A, Yu J, Wei X, Zhou R, Fonceka D, Diouf D, Liao B, Cissé N, Zhang X. Transcriptomic, biochemical and physio-anatomical investigations shed more light on responses to drought stress in two contrasting sesame genotypes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8755. [PMID: 28821876 PMCID: PMC5562740 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09397-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Sesame is an important oilseed crop with a high oil quality. It is prone to drought stress in the arid and semi-arid areas where it is widely grown. This study aims to decipher the response of tolerant (DT) and sensitive (DS) genotypes to progressive drought based on transcriptome, biochemical and physio-anatomical characterizations. Results indicated that under severe stress, DT relied on a well-functioning taproot while DS displayed a disintegrated root due to collapsed cortical cells. This was attributed to a higher accumulation of osmoprotectants and strong activity of antioxidant enzymes especially peroxidases in DT. From roots, DT could supply water to the aboveground tissues to ensure photosynthetic activities and improve endurance under stress. Temporal transcriptome sequencing under drought further confirmed that DT strongly activated genes related to antioxidant activity, osmoprotection and hormonal signaling pathways including abscisic acid and Ethylene. Furthermore, DT displayed unique differentially expressed genes in root functioning as peroxidases, interleukin receptor-associated kinase, heat shock proteins, APETALA2/ethylene-responsive element-binding protein and mitogen activated protein kinase, to effectively scavenge reactive oxygen species and preserve root cell integrity. Finally, 61 candidate genes conferring higher drought tolerance in DT were discovered and may constitute useful resources for drought tolerance improvement in sesame.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komivi Dossa
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, No. 2 Xudong 2nd Road, 430062, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Centre d'Etudes Régional pour l'Amélioration de l'Adaptation à la Sécheresse (CERAAS), BP 3320 Route de Khombole, Thiès, Senegal.,Laboratoire Campus de Biotechnologies Végétales, Département de Biologie Végétale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, BP 5005 Dakar-Fann, Code postal, 107000, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Donghua Li
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, No. 2 Xudong 2nd Road, 430062, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Linhai Wang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, No. 2 Xudong 2nd Road, 430062, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | | | - Aili Liu
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, No. 2 Xudong 2nd Road, 430062, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jingyin Yu
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, No. 2 Xudong 2nd Road, 430062, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Wei
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, No. 2 Xudong 2nd Road, 430062, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, No. 2 Xudong 2nd Road, 430062, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Daniel Fonceka
- Centre d'Etudes Régional pour l'Amélioration de l'Adaptation à la Sécheresse (CERAAS), BP 3320 Route de Khombole, Thiès, Senegal.,Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD), UMR AGAP, F-34398, Montpellier, France
| | - Diaga Diouf
- Laboratoire Campus de Biotechnologies Végétales, Département de Biologie Végétale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, BP 5005 Dakar-Fann, Code postal, 107000, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Boshou Liao
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, No. 2 Xudong 2nd Road, 430062, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ndiaga Cissé
- Centre d'Etudes Régional pour l'Amélioration de l'Adaptation à la Sécheresse (CERAAS), BP 3320 Route de Khombole, Thiès, Senegal
| | - Xiurong Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, No. 2 Xudong 2nd Road, 430062, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Dong B, Wu B, Hong W, Li X, Li Z, Xue L, Huang Y. Transcriptome analysis of the tea oil camellia (Camellia oleifera) reveals candidate drought stress genes. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181835. [PMID: 28759610 PMCID: PMC5536306 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tea-oil camellia (Camellia oleifera) is the most important oil plant in southern China, and has a strong resistance to drought and barren soil. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of drought tolerance would greatly promote its cultivation and molecular breeding. RESULTS In total, we obtained 76,585 unigenes with an average length of 810 bp and an N50 of 1,092 bp. We mapped all the unigenes to the NCBI 'nr' (non-redundant), SwissProt, KEGG, and clusters of orthologous groups (COG) databases, where 52,531 (68.6%) unigenes were functionally annotated. According to the annotation, 46,171 (60.8%) unigenes belong to 338 KEGG pathways. We identified a series of unigenes that are related to the synthesis and regulation of abscisic acid (ABA), the activity of protective enzymes, vitamin B6 metabolism, the metabolism of osmolytes, and pathways related to the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. After exposed to drought for 12 hours, the number of differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) between treated plants and control plants increased in the G4 cultivar, while there was no significant increase in the drought-tolerant C3 cultivar. DEGs associated with drought stress responsive pathways were identified by KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. Moreover, we found 789 DEGs related to transcription factors. Finally, according to the results of qRT-PCR, the expression levels of the 20 unigenes tested were consistent with the results of next-generation sequencing. CONCLUSIONS In the present study, we identified a large set of cDNA unigenes from C. oleifera annotated using public databases. Further studies of DEGs involved in metabolic pathways related to drought stress and transcription will facilitate the discovery of novel genes involved in resistance to drought stress in this commercially important plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Dong
- South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Agriculture Industry Business Polytechnic, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bin Wu
- DRIGEN Company Limited, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenhong Hong
- South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiuping Li
- South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Agriculture Industry Business Polytechnic, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Li Xue
- South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail: (YH); (LX)
| | - Yongfang Huang
- South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail: (YH); (LX)
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Khan MN, Komatsu S. Proteomic analysis of soybean root including hypocotyl during recovery from drought stress. J Proteomics 2016; 144:39-50. [PMID: 27292084 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Soybean is a nutritionally important crop that exhibits reductions in growth and yield under drought stress. To investigate soybean responses during post-drought recovery, a gel-free proteomic technique was used. Two-day-old soybeans were treated with drought stress for 4days and recovered for 4days. Root including hypocotyl was collected during the drought treatment and recovery stage. Seedling growth was suppressed by drought stress, but recovered following stress removal. The malondialdehyde content increased under drought stress, but decreased during the recovery stage. A total of 792 and 888 proteins were identified from the control and recovering seedlings, respectively. The identified proteins were related to functional categories of stress, hormone metabolism, cell wall, secondary metabolism, and fermentation. Cluster analysis indicated that abundances of peroxidase and aldehyde dehydrogenase were highly changed in the seedlings during the post-drought recovery. The activity of peroxidase decreased under drought conditions, but increased during recovery. In contrast, the activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase was increased in response to drought stress, but decreased during the recovery stage. These results suggest that peroxidase and aldehyde dehydrogenase play key roles in post-drought recovery in soybean by scavenging toxic reactive oxygen species and reducing the load of harmful aldehydes. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Post-drought recovery response mechanisms in soybean root including hypocotyl were analyzed using gel-free proteomic technique. A total of 643 common proteins between control and drought-stressed soybeans changed significantly in abundance over time. The proteins that changed during post-drought recovery were assigned to protein, stress, hormone metabolism, secondary metabolism, cell wall, redox, and glycolysis categories. The analysis revealed that peroxidase and aldehyde dehydrogenase were increased in protein abundance under drought stress. The enzyme activity of peroxidase decreased under drought but increased during recovery. The activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase was increased under drought stress but decreased during recovery stage. Peroxidase and aldehyde dehydrogenase reduce the toxic reactive oxygen species and aldehydes from the plant, respectively, and help to recover from drought stress. The study provides information about post-drought recovery mechanism in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudassar Nawaz Khan
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan; National Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-8518, Japan
| | - Setsuko Komatsu
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan; National Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-8518, Japan.
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