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Hu R, Cooper JA, Daroub SH, Kerl CF, Planer-Friedrich B, Seyfferth AL. Low levels of arsenic and cadmium in rice grown in southern Florida Histosols - Impacts of water management and soil thickness. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 869:161712. [PMID: 36682547 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Rice is planted as a rotation crop in the sugarcane-dominant Everglades Agricultural Area (EAA) in southern Florida. The Histosols in this area are unlike other mineral soils used to grow rice due to the high organic content and land subsidence caused by rapid oxidation of organic matter upon drainage. It remains unknown if such soils pose a risk of arsenic (As) or cadmium (Cd) mobilization and uptake into rice grain. Both As and Cd are carcinogenic trace elements of concern in rice, and it is important to understand their soil-plant transfer into rice, a staple food of global importance. Here, a mesocosm pot study was conducted using two thicknesses of local soil, deep (D, 50 cm) and shallow (S, 25 cm), under three water managements, conventional flooding (FL), low water table (LWT), and alternating wetting and drying (AWD). Rice was grown to maturity and plant levels of As and Cd were determined. Regardless of treatments, rice grown in these Florida Histolsols has very low Cd concentrations in polished grain (1.5-5.6 μg kg-1) and relatively low total As (35-150 μg kg-1) and inorganic As (35-87 μg kg-1) concentrations in polished grain, which are below regulatory limits. This may be due to the low soil As and Cd levels, high soil cation exchange capacity due to high soil organic matter content, and slightly alkaline soil pH. Grain As was significantly affected by water management (AWD < FL = LWT) and its interaction effect with soil thickness (AWD-D ≤ AWD-S ≤ FL-D = LWT-S = LWT-D ≤ FL-S), resulting in as much as 62 % difference among treatments. Grain Cd was significantly affected by water management (AWD > FL > LWT) without any soil thickness impact. In conclusion, even though water management has more of an impact on rice As and Cd than soil thickness, the low concentrations of As and Cd in rice pose little health risk for consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifang Hu
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | - Jennifer A Cooper
- Soil and Water Sciences, Everglades Research and Education Center, IFAS, University of Florida, Belle Glade, FL, United States
| | - Samira H Daroub
- Soil and Water Sciences, Everglades Research and Education Center, IFAS, University of Florida, Belle Glade, FL, United States
| | - Carolin F Kerl
- Environmental Geochemistry Group, Bayreuth Center for Ecology and Environmental Research (BAYCEER), Bayreuth University, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Britta Planer-Friedrich
- Environmental Geochemistry Group, Bayreuth Center for Ecology and Environmental Research (BAYCEER), Bayreuth University, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Angelia L Seyfferth
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States.
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Yue X, Song J, Fang B, Wang L, Zou J, Su N, Cui J. BcNRAMP1 promotes the absorption of cadmium and manganese in Arabidopsis. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 283:131113. [PMID: 34146878 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic nonessential metal that poses a health risk for humans. Cd is easily accumulated in leaf vegetables than in other vegetables. Leafy vegetables are one of the major dietary Cd sources for the human body. In this study, pak choi was used as our experimental material as it is an important leafy vegetable, especially in Asia. A NRAMP transporter - BcNRAMP1 was identified in pak choi, which is involved in manganese (Mn) and Cd uptake in yeast and in planta. BcNRAMP1 is expressed in the whole plant body of pak choi, with a higher abundance in root tissues than in shoots. Mn deficiency and Cd exposure strongly induced BcNRAMP1 transcription levels. Through transient expression of BcNRAMP1-GFP fusion protein in tobacco leaf epidermal cells, BcNRAMP1 was revealed as a plasma membrane protein. Expressing BcNRAMP1 in yeast enhanced yeast cells to absorb Mn, Cd, and iron (Fe). Overexpression of BcNRAMP1 in Arabidopsis wild-type and nramp1 mutant increased and complemented Mn and Cd transportation and accumulation, respectively. Using noninvasive microelectrode ion flux measurements, a direct evidence that BcNRAMP1 acts on Cd influx in Arabidopsis root cells was provided. The results of this study reveal that BcNRAMP1 functions as a NRAMP protein in planta, absorbing nutrient metal Mn and the toxic metal Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Yue
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Jinxue Song
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Bo Fang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
| | - Jianwen Zou
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Nana Su
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Jin Cui
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Hu R, Seyfferth AL. Rice Cd Levels in Cambodia Ranged 3 Orders of Magnitude due to Season and Soil Cd Levels. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:19876-19882. [PMID: 34368574 PMCID: PMC8340406 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic trace element that can be transported from soil into rice grain, posing health threats to rice consumers. Among the global studies on rice grain Cd, only one market survey reported grain Cd levels from Cambodia, an important rice-growing country in Southeast Asia. Here, we collected paired rice and soil samples in the wet and dry seasons from major rice-growing regions across five provinces in Cambodia and report the relationships between plant Cd and soil Cd parameters. Both DTPA-extractable and nitric acid digestible soil Cd are significant predictors for Cd levels in rice straw and grain. Rice grain Cd concentrations ranged 3 orders of magnitude from 0.002 to 1.066 mg kg-1 with the median and mean concentrations of 0.024 and 0.091 mg kg-1, respectively; these values have an upper range that is higher than previously reported. The highest grain Cd levels were found in rice grown in the dry season from two provinces located southeast of Phnom Penh along the Lower Mekong River, and their corresponding soil Cd levels were relatively higher than those collected during the wet season and around the Tonle Sap. While the source of higher Cd may be geogenic or due to anthropogenic activities, our data demonstrate that geographical and perhaps seasonal differences in grain Cd exist even within a small country that might not be reflected in market surveys.
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Sun XL, Kido T, Nakagawa H, Nishijo M, Sakurai M, Ishizaki M, Morikawa Y, Okamoto R, Ichimori A, Ohno N, Kobayashi S, Miyati T, Nogawa K, Suwazono Y. The relationship between cadmium exposure and renal volume in inhabitants of a cadmium-polluted area of Japan. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:22372-22379. [PMID: 33420688 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12278-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
This follow-up study was conducted over 30 years in a cadmium-polluted area of Japan. Urinary cadmium (U-Cd) concentration decreased by nearly half from 1986 to 2008 in men and women. However, it increased from 2008 to 2014 and maintained similar levels in 2016. Because renal atrophy may induce an increase in U-Cd, kidney volumes were determined using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans in 2018. Based on the MRI results, we divided the participants into two groups, namely the normal group (n = 6, three men and three women) and the lesion group (n = 6, three men and three women). The level of urinary N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase/creatinine (U-NAG/Cr) in the lesion group was significantly higher than in the normal group. The level of serum alkaline phosphatase (Al-P) was positively associated with U-Cd. Age and renal cortex volumes showed significantly negative associations. However, U-Cd and renal cortex and kidney volumes showed no significant associations. These results suggest that U-NAG and serum Al-P were sensitive biomarkers to reflect renal tubular dysfunction and bone damage caused by cadmium poisoning. Individuals chronically exposed to Cd should be observed carefully, due to the increased effect of aging on renal cortex volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Liang Sun
- School of Medicine, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, 314001, China
- JSPS International Research Fellow, Centre for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Kido
- School of Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-0942, Japan.
| | - Hideaki Nakagawa
- Institute of Medical Science, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Muneko Nishijo
- Department of Public Health, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Masaru Sakurai
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Masao Ishizaki
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Yuko Morikawa
- Department of Medicine, School of Nursing, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Rie Okamoto
- School of Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-0942, Japan
| | - Akie Ichimori
- School of Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-0942, Japan
| | - Naoki Ohno
- School of Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-0942, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kobayashi
- School of Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-0942, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Miyati
- School of Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-0942, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nogawa
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yasushi Suwazono
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
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Norton GJ, Travis A, Ruang-areerate P, Nicol GW, Adeosun AA, Hossain M, Islam MR, Douglas A, Price AH. Genetic loci regulating cadmium content in rice grains. EUPHYTICA: NETHERLANDS JOURNAL OF PLANT BREEDING 2021; 217:35. [PMID: 33627887 PMCID: PMC7875855 DOI: 10.1007/s10681-020-02752-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
It has been estimated that up to 90% of human exposure to cadmium is through food, and that cadmium within rice grains can be a major contributor to that dietary source. In this study genome wide association mapping was conducted on the Bengal and Assam Aus Panel (BAAP) of rice to identify quantitative trait loci and candidate genes for lowering grain cadmium. Field experiments were conducted over two years under two different irrigation systems: continually flooded and alternate wetting and drying (AWD). There was significant effects of water treatment, genotype, and genotype by water treatment interaction. Importantly, AWD increased grain cadmium, on average, by 49.6% and 108.8% in year 1 and 2 respectively. There was between 4.6 and 28 fold variation in cadmium concentration. A total of 58 QTLs were detected but no loci are clearly specific to one water regime despite approximately 20% of variation attributable to genotype by water regime interaction. A number of QTLs were consistent across most water treatments and years. These included QTLs on chromosome 7 (7.23-7.61, 8.93-9.04, and 29.12-29.14 Mbp), chromosome 5 (8.66-8.72 Mbp), and chromosome 9 (11.46-11.64 Mbp). Further analysis of the loci on chromosome 7 (8.93-9.04 Mbp), identified the candidate gene OsNRAMP1, where cultivars with a deletion upstream of the gene had higher concentrations of cadmium compared to the cultivars that did not have the deletion. The distribution of alleles within the BAAP suggest this QTL is easily detected in this population because it is composed of aus cultivars. Local genome cluster analysis suggest high Cd alleles are uncommon, but should be avoided in breeding. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at (10.1007/s10681-020-02752-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth J. Norton
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU UK
| | - Anthony Travis
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU UK
| | - Panthita Ruang-areerate
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU UK
- National Omics Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, 12120 Thailand
| | - Graeme W. Nicol
- Laboratoire Ampère, École Centrale de Lyon, Université de Lyon, 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, 69134 Ecully Cedex, France
| | - Ayotunde A. Adeosun
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU UK
| | - Mahmud Hossain
- Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - M. Rafiq Islam
- Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Alex Douglas
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU UK
| | - Adam H. Price
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU UK
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Chang JD, Huang S, Yamaji N, Zhang W, Ma JF, Zhao FJ. OsNRAMP1 transporter contributes to cadmium and manganese uptake in rice. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:2476-2491. [PMID: 32666540 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Rice is a major dietary source of the toxic metal, cadmium (Cd). Previous studies reported that the rice transporter, OsNRAMP1, (Natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1) could transport iron (Fe), Cd and arsenic (As) in heterologous yeast assays. However, the in planta function of OsNRAMP1 remains unknown. Here, we showed that OsNRAMP1 was able to transport Cd and manganese (Mn) when expressed in yeast, but did not transport Fe or As. OsNRAMP1 was mainly expressed in roots and leaves and encoded a plasma membrane-localized protein. OsNRAMP1 expression was induced by Cd treatment and Fe deficiency. Immunostaining showed that OsNRAMP1 was localized in all root cells, except the central vasculature, and in leaf mesophyll cells. The knockout of OsNRAMP1 resulted in significant decreases in root uptake of Cd and Mn and their accumulation in rice shoots and grains, and increased sensitivity to Mn deficiency. The knockout of OsNRAMP1 had smaller effects on Cd and Mn uptake than knockout of OsNRAMP5, while knockout of both genes resulted in large decreases in the uptake of the two metals. Taken together, OsNRAMP1 contributes significantly to the uptake of Mn and Cd in rice, and the functions of OsNRAMP1 and OsNRAMP5 are similar but not redundant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Dong Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng Huang
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Naoki Yamaji
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Feng Ma
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Fang-Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Maddela NR, Kakarla D, García LC, Chakraborty S, Venkateswarlu K, Megharaj M. Cocoa-laden cadmium threatens human health and cacao economy: A critical view. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 720:137645. [PMID: 32146410 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the recent decades, Cd burden in cocoa-based products threatened global food safety, human health and the future of chocolateries. Increased Cd bioavailability is an acute problem in cacao-based horticulture. Poverty, poor maintenance, unjustified traditional farming, and paucity of knowledge on Cd-binding propensity in cacao discourage the application of risk-mitigation measures. Progressive accumulation of Cd, with a half-life of 10-30 years, in the human body even at ultra-trace levels may lead to serious health complications. If Cd accumulates in the food chain through cocoa products, consequences in children, who are the primary consumers of chocolates, include morbidity and mortality that may result in a significant demographic transition by the year 2050. Developing cacao clones with an innate capability of taking up low Cd levels from soils, and site-specific Cd-cacao research might contribute to limiting the trophic transfer of Cd. This review highlights the possible routes for Cd uptake in cacao plants and discusses the measures to rescue the chocolateries from Cd pollution to promote "healthy" cacao farming. The potential human health risks of chocolate-laden Cd and mitigation strategies to minimize Cd burden in the human body are also presented. The challenges and prospects in Cd-cacao research are discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naga Raju Maddela
- Instituto de Investigación, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo 130105, Ecuador; Facultad la Ciencias la Salud, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo 130105, Ecuador
| | - Dhatri Kakarla
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Luz Cecilia García
- Instituto de Investigación, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo 130105, Ecuador; Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo 130105, Ecuador
| | - Sagnik Chakraborty
- Hebei University of Technology, School of Energy & Environmental Engineering, Beichen, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Kadiyala Venkateswarlu
- Formerly Department of Microbiology, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapuramu 515003, India
| | - Mallavarapu Megharaj
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
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Du B, Zhou J, Lu B, Zhang C, Li D, Zhou J, Jiao S, Zhao K, Zhang H. Environmental and human health risks from cadmium exposure near an active lead-zinc mine and a copper smelter, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 720:137585. [PMID: 32135280 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination from mining and smelting operations has led to growing environmental health concerns. In this study, soil, surface water, drinking water, rice, vegetables, and biomarkers (hair and urine) were collected from local residents near an active lead-zinc mine and a copper smelter. The aim was to determine how nonferrous metal mining and smelting activities have affected the health of local residents. It was found that the Cd concentrations in most soil and rice samples exceeded the national tolerance limits of China. Dietary intakes of rice and vegetables were the two major pathways of Cd exposure to local residents, accounting for >97% of the total probable daily intake. The excessive daily intake of Cd resulted in potential non-carcinogenic risks to the local residents, especially to children living around the two areas. The mean hair and urine Cd concentrations were 0.098 ± 0.10 mg kg-1 and 5.7 ± 3.1 μg L-1 in the mining area, and 0.30 ± 0.21 mg kg-1 and 5.5 ± 3.5 μg L-1 in the smelting area, respectively. A significantly positive correlation between hair Cd concentrations and the hazard quotient (HQ) for rice ingestion indicated that rice contamination had the most critical adverse effect on local residents. Due to the high levels of environmental Cd contamination, residents of the smelting area had a much higher Cd exposure than residents of the mining area. The results suggested that nonferrous mining and smelting should not coexist with agricultural activities. Effective contamination mitigation strategies and environmental remediation should be formulated and implemented to improve the health of local residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buyun Du
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecological Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, Anhui 233100, China.
| | - Bingxin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Demin Li
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Shaojun Jiao
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecological Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Keqiang Zhao
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecological Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Houhu Zhang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecological Environment, Nanjing 210042, China.
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Zhang L, Wu J, Tang Z, Huang XY, Wang X, Salt DE, Zhao FJ. Variation in the BrHMA3 coding region controls natural variation in cadmium accumulation in Brassica rapa vegetables. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:5865-5878. [PMID: 31367770 PMCID: PMC6812716 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Brassica rapa includes several important leafy vegetable crops with the potential for high cadmium (Cd) accumulation, posing a risk to human health. This study aims to understand the genetic basis underlying the variation in Cd accumulation among B. rapa vegetables. Cd uptake and translocation in 64 B. rapa accessions were compared. The role of the heavy metal ATPase gene BrHMA3 in the variation of Cd accumulation was investigated. BrHMA3 encodes a tonoplast-localized Cd transporter. Five full-length and four truncated haplotypes of the BrHMA3 coding sequence were identified, explaining >80% of the variation in the Cd root to shoot translocation among the 64 accessions and in F2 progeny. Truncated BrHMA3 haplotypes had a 2.3 and 9.3 times higher shoot Cd concentration and Cd translocation ratio, respectively, than full-length haplotypes. When expressed in yeast and Arabidopsis thaliana, full-length BrHMA3 showed activity consistent with a Cd transport function, whereas truncated BrHMA3 did not. Variation in the BrHMA3 promoter sequence had little effect on Cd translocation. Variation in the BrHMA3 coding sequence is a key determinant of Cd translocation to and accumulation in the leaves of B. rapa. Strong alleles of BrHMA3 can be used to breed for B. rapa vegetables that are low in Cd in their edible portions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaowu Wang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - David E Salt
- Future Food Beacon of Excellence and School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, UK
| | - Fang-Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Correspondence:
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Hirata K, Takagi K, Yamada T, Sayama T, Anai T, Kikuchi A, Ishimoto M. Isolation and characterization of induced mutants in the gene associated with seed cadmium accumulation in soybean. BREEDING SCIENCE 2019; 69:345-351. [PMID: 31481844 PMCID: PMC6711727 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.18091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Food contamination by cadmium (Cd) is a serious threat to human health. Thus, it is imperative to prevent Cd accumulation in staple crops like soybean. The development of low Cd accumulating cultivars is an effective solution. To this end, it is essential to identify the gene(s) controlling seed Cd accumulation. Although Glyma.09G055600 (GmHMA3) seems to be associated with Cd accumulation in soybean, it has not been established if it is responsible for seed Cd accumulation. In the present study, the effect of GmHMA3 on seed Cd accumulation in soybean was validated using three independent GmHMA3 mutants isolated from an ethyl methanesulfonate-induced soybean mutant library. Each of mutant had an amino acid substitution in GmHMA3 and segregating progenies were developed by crossing the original cultivar with each of the three mutants. The relationship between these three mutations and seed Cd accumulation was investigated. While two of them significantly increased seed Cd accumulation corresponding to previous reports of a natural missense mutation in GmHMA3, the other slightly decreased seed Cd accumulation. Overall, these results indicate that GmHMA3 is responsible for seed Cd accumulation in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Hirata
- Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO),
297 Uenodai, Kariwano, Daisen, Akita 019-2112,
Japan
| | - Kyoko Takagi
- Tohoku Agricultural Research Center NARO,
50 Harajukuminami, Arai, Fukushima 960-2156,
Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yamada
- Institute of Crop Science, NARO,
2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8518,
Japan
| | - Takashi Sayama
- Western Region Agricultural Research Center, NARO,
1-3-1 Senyu, Zentsuji, Kagawa 765-8508,
Japan
| | - Toyoaki Anai
- Saga University,
1 Honjo-machi, Saga 840-8502,
Japan
| | - Akio Kikuchi
- Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO),
297 Uenodai, Kariwano, Daisen, Akita 019-2112,
Japan
| | - Masao Ishimoto
- Institute of Crop Science, NARO,
2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8518,
Japan
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12
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Du Y, Chen L, Ding P, Liu L, He Q, Chen B, Duan Y. Different exposure profile of heavy metal and health risk between residents near a Pb-Zn mine and a Mn mine in Huayuan county, South China. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 216:352-364. [PMID: 30384304 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.10.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination of environmental media in mining area is a global major concern because of its potential threat for human health through food chain. However, the comparison of exposure level and health risk is scarce among people living in the vicinity of mining area with different pollution source. In this study, the concentrations of Mn, Cd, As, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr and Ni in soil, air, water, rice, vegetable, fish, poultry meat and pork from a Pb-Zn mining area and a Mn mining area in Huayuan county, China were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Results showed that the environmental media and foodstuffs in the two areas were contaminated by Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr and Ni. However, the pollution was more serious in Pb-Zn mining area than Mn mining area. The total hazard index (HI) was 6.59 and 4.55 in Pb-Zn mining area and Mn mining area, respectively, indicating a moderate non-carcinogenic risk of local people. As intake via rice ingestion was the predominant contributor to the total HI in the two mining areas, accounting for 25% and 35%, respectively. For Pb-Zn mining area, Cd intake through vegetable consumption and Mn intake via air inhalation appeared to be another two important components contributing to HI. This study highlights the multi-element and multi-pathway exposure assessment to evaluate the potential health risk and emphasizes concerns to reduce As and Cd in agricultural products as well as Mn in air to decrease the detrimental health effects of local resident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Du
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Lv Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Ping Ding
- Experimental Center for Preventive Medicine, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Lulu Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Qichan He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Bingzhi Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Yanying Duan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
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Daisley BA, Monachese M, Trinder M, Bisanz JE, Chmiel JA, Burton JP, Reid G. Immobilization of cadmium and lead by Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 mitigates apical-to-basolateral heavy metal translocation in a Caco-2 model of the intestinal epithelium. Gut Microbes 2018; 10:321-333. [PMID: 30426826 PMCID: PMC6546314 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2018.1526581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Heavy metals are highly toxic elements that contaminate the global food supply and affect human and wildlife health. Purification technologies are often too expensive or not practically applicable for large-scale implementation, especially in impoverished nations where heavy metal contamination is widespread. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 (LGR-1) was shown in previous work to reduce heavy metal bioaccumulation in a Tanzanian cohort of women and children through indeterminant mechanisms. Here, it was hypothesized that LGR-1 could sequester the heavy metals lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd), thereby reducing their absorption across intestinal epithelium. LGR-1 and other lactobacilli significantly reduced the amount of Pb and Cd in solution at all concentrations tested (0.5 mg/L - 50 mg/L) and exhibited sustained binding profiles over a 48-hour period. Relative binding efficiency of LGR-1 decreased as Pb concentration increased, with an absolute minimum binding threshold apparent at concentrations of 2 mg/L and above. Electron microscopy revealed that Pb formed irregular cell-surface clusters on LGR-1, while Cd appeared to form intracellular polymeric clusters. Additionally, LGR-1 was able to significantly reduce apical-to-basolateral translocation of Pb and Cd in a Caco-2 model of the intestinal epithelium. These findings demonstrate the absorbent properties of LGR-1 can immobilize Pb and Cd, effectively reducing their translocation across the intestinal epithelium in vitro. Oral administration of heavy metal-binding Lactobacillus spp. (many of which are known human symbionts and strains of established probiotics) may offer a simple and effective means to reduce the amount of heavy metals absorbed from foods in contaminated regions of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan A. Daisley
- Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotic Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marc Monachese
- Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotic Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark Trinder
- Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotic Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jordan E. Bisanz
- Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotic Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - John A. Chmiel
- Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotic Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeremy P. Burton
- Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotic Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada,Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Western University, London, Canada,Department of Surgery, St. Joseph’s Health Care, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gregor Reid
- Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotic Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada,Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Western University, London, Canada,Department of Surgery, St. Joseph’s Health Care, London, Ontario, Canada,CONTACT Gregor ReidLawson Health Research Institute, Rm F3-106, 268 Grosvenor Street, London, Ontario N6A 4V2, Canada
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14
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Chen H, Zhang W, Yang X, Wang P, McGrath SP, Zhao FJ. Effective methods to reduce cadmium accumulation in rice grain. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 207:699-707. [PMID: 29857202 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.05.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of cadmium (Cd) in paddy soil is a serious environmental problem threatening food safety in some parts of southern China, where rice grain Cd concentration often exceeds the Chinese limit (0.2 mg kg-1). We tested the effect of CaCO3 liming combined with growing low Cd cultivars on Cd accumulation in rice grain in 2-year field trials. A liming model was used to predict the doses of lime required. Lime (2.25-7.5 t ha-1) was applied in 2016 only and the effect monitored in both 2016 and 2017. Soil pH was increased from the initial 5.5 to the target value 6.5 by 7.5 t ha-1 CaCO3. Liming greatly reduced CaCl2-extractable Cd in the rhizospheric soil. Grain Cd concentration in the control exceeded the limit by 2-5 times. Liming at 7.5 t ha-1 decreased grain Cd concentration by 70-80% in both seasons without affecting grain yield. Grain Cd concentration was below the limit in the 7.5 t ha-1 liming treatment in both seasons. Grain Cd concentration correlated closely with CaCl2-extractable Cd in rhizospheric soil at the grain maturing stage. Seasonal difference in grain Cd concentration was attributed to the soil water status at the grain maturing stage. Liming had no significant effect on grain arsenic concentration or speciation. A single application of CaCO3 to raise soil pH to 6.5, combined with low Cd cultivars and delayed drainage of paddy water during late grain filling stage, was highly effective at reducing Cd accumulation in rice grain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongping Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xinping Yang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Steve P McGrath
- Sustainable Agriculture Sciences Department, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Fang-Jie Zhao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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15
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Du H, Chen W, Zhu Q, Liu S, Zhou J. Identification of weak peaks in X-ray fluorescence spectrum analysis based on the hybrid algorithm combining genetic and Levenberg Marquardt algorithm. Appl Radiat Isot 2018; 141:149-155. [PMID: 30057214 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Accurate measurement of cadmium content in rice is of utmost importance to determine if the inspected rice product is safe to people. X-ray fluorescence analysis is frequently used for multi-element analysis because it has characteristics of fast, accurate and nondestructive. However, due to the low content of cadmium in rice, its corresponding characteristics energy peak is relatively weak and is sensitive to the background information in the X-ray energy spectrum. Thus, it is very tough to obtain the accurate values of cadmium content by utilizing traditional X-ray fluorescence analysis. In this paper, the identification of weak peaks of cadmium is much improved by proposing a hybrid algorithm combining genetic algorithm (GA) and Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (LM). The hybrid algorithm not only takes full advantages of GA and LM respectively but also inhibits their unwanted properties: poor local search ability of GA and locally convergent of LM. The proposed hybrid algorithm is employed to identify weak peaks in X-ray spectra of six contaminated rice samples with different contents of cadmium. Two comparative experiments are conducted to compare the performance between GA, LM and the proposed hybrid algorithm. One of the comparative experiments has the relative error varying with the number of calculations, which aims to verify the accuracy and stability. The results show that the hybrid algorithm is a better option in terms of accuracy and stability. Another comparative experiment of which the average relative error varies with the number of iterations is conducted to verify the computing efficiency. The experiments show that the hybrid algorithm exhibits a faster convergence rate. Two numerical experiments demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can well resolve the identification issue of the cadmium in the X-ray spectra and significantly improve the content measurement accuracy of cadmium in the quality evaluation experiment of rice products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Du
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Wuhui Chen
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Qingjun Zhu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China.
| | - Songlin Liu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Jianbin Zhou
- The College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
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16
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Abstract
The burden of disease and death attributable to environmental pollution is becoming a public health challenge worldwide, especially in developing countries. The kidney is vulnerable to environmental pollutants because most environmental toxins are concentrated by the kidney during filtration. Given the high mortality and morbidity of kidney disease, environmental risk factors and their effect on kidney disease need to be identified. In this Review, we highlight epidemiological evidence for the association between kidney disease and environmental pollutants, including air pollution, heavy metal pollution and other environmental risk factors. We discuss the potential biological mechanisms that link exposure to environmental pollutants to kidney damage and emphasize the contribution of environmental pollution to kidney disease. Regulatory efforts should be made to control environmental pollution and limit individual exposure to preventable or avoidable environmental risk. Population studies with accurate quantification of environmental exposure in polluted regions, particularly in developing countries, might aid our understanding of the dose-response relationship between pollutants and kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Sheng Nie
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hanying Ding
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Fan Fan Hou
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China
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17
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Yang Y, Chen J, Huang Q, Tang S, Wang J, Hu P, Shao G. Can liming reduce cadmium (Cd) accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa) in slightly acidic soils? A contradictory dynamic equilibrium between Cd uptake capacity of roots and Cd immobilisation in soils. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 193:547-556. [PMID: 29169130 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.11.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Revised: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) accumulation in rice is strongly controlled by liming, but information on the use of liming to control Cd accumulation in rice grown in slightly acidic soils is inconsistent. Here, pot experiments were carried out to investigate the mechanisms of liming on Cd accumulation in two rice varieties focusing on two aspects: available/exchangeable Cd content in soils that were highly responsive to liming, and Cd uptake and transport capacity in the roots of rice in terms of Cd accumulation-relative gene expression. The results showed that soil availability and exchangeable iron, manganese, zinc and Cd contents decreased with increased liming, and that genes related to Cd uptake (OsNramp5 and OsIRT1) were sharply up-regulated in the roots of the two rice varieties. Thus, iron, manganese, zinc and Cd contents in rice plants increased under low liming applications but decreased in response to high liming applications. However, yield and rice quantities were only slightly affected. These results indicated that Cd accumulation in rice grown in slightly acidic soils presents a contradictory dynamic equilibrium between Cd uptake capacity by roots and soil Cd immobilisation in response to liming. The enhanced Cd uptake capacity under low liming dosages increases risks to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, 359 Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangmin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, 359 Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou 310006, People's Republic of China; Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Qina Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, 359 Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoqing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, 359 Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianlong Wang
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Peisong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, 359 Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou 310006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guosheng Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, 359 Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou 310006, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Chen Z, Tang YT, Yao AJ, Cao J, Wu ZH, Peng ZR, Wang SZ, Xiao S, Baker AJM, Qiu RL. Mitigation of Cd accumulation in paddy rice (Oryza sativa L.) by Fe fertilization. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 231:549-559. [PMID: 28843203 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium uptake in rice is believed to be mediated by the Fe transport system. Phyto-available Cd can be changed by Fe fertilization of substrates. This work investigated whether and how Fe fertilization affects mitigation of Cd accumulation in paddy rice. A 90-d soil column experiment was conducted to study the change of Cd and Fe availability in soil after Fe fertilization (ionic and chelated Fe). A low-Cd accumulating cultivar (TY116) and a high-Cd accumulating cultivar (JY841) were grown in two Cd-polluted paddy soils amended with chelated Fe fertilizers. Additionally, both cultivars were grown in hydroponics to compare Fe-related gene expression in EDDHAFe-deficient and EDDHAFe-sufficient roots. The column experiment showed that EDTANa2Fe(II) and EDDHAFe(III) fertilization had a better mitigation effect on soil Cd availability compared to FeSO4·7H2O. Moreover, the field experiment demonstrated that these two chelated fertilizations could reduce Cd concentrations in brown rice by up to 80%. Iron concentrations in the brown rice were elevated by Fe chelates. Compared to EDDHAFe(III), EDTANa2Fe(II) fertilization had a stronger mitigation effect by generating more EDTANa2Cd(II) in the soil solution to decrease phyto-available Cd in the soil. While EDDHAFe(III) fertilization could increase soil pH and decrease soil Eh which contributed to decreasing phyto-available Cd in a contaminated soil. In the hydroponic experiment, Fe sufficiency significantly reduced Cd concentrations in above-ground organs. In some cases, the expression of OsIRT1, OsNRAMP1 and OsNRAMP5 was inhibited under Fe sufficiency relative to Fe deficiency conditions. These results suggest that mitigation of rice Cd by Fe chelate fertilization results from a decrease in available Cd in substrates and the inhibition of the expression of several Fe-related genes in the IRT and NRAMP families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Ye-Tao Tang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
| | - Ai-Jun Yao
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Jian Cao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Zhuo-Hao Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Zhe-Ran Peng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Shi-Zhong Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Shi Xiao
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Alan J M Baker
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Rong-Liang Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou 510275, PR China
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19
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Luo HF, Zhang JY, Jia WJ, Ji FM, Yan Q, Xu Q, Ke S, Ke JS. Analyzing the role of soil and rice cadmium pollution on human renal dysfunction by correlation and path analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:2047-2054. [PMID: 27807788 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7845-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of soil and rice pollution on human renal dysfunction. The participants were 97 inhabitants (46 men and 51 women) who are aged 50 to 60 years old and have been living in Xiaogan (Hubei, China) from birth. We collected samples of soil, rice, and urinary correspondingly. Urinary N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and β-2-microglobulin (β2MG) were used as indicators of renal dysfunction, and urinary cadmium (U-Cd) was used as indicator of total internal cadmium exposure. We made a hypothesis that soil cadmium concentration (S-Cd) and rice cadmium concentration (R-Cd) could be used as indicators of environmental cadmium exposure. Correlation and path analysis were used to estimate the relationships among the levels of rice cadmium (R-Cd), soil cadmium (S-Cd), urinary cadmium (U-Cd), and renal damage indicators (NAG and β2MG). Our results showed that there was positive significant relationship between S-Cd (R-Cd, U-Cd), and U-NAG (U-β2MG). The standard multiple regression describing the relationship between S-Cd (R-Cd, U-Cd) and U-NAG was Y1 = 1.26X1-6.53X2 + 9.32, where Y is U-NAG, X1 is U-Cd, X2 is S-Cd. The equation of U-β2MG was Y = 49.32X1 + 3085.99X2 + 143.42, where Y is U-β2MG, X1 is U-Cd, X2 is R-Cd. It is obvious that the effect of S-Cd and R-Cd on NAG or U-β2MG cannot be ignored. Through our study, we can find that the effects of S-Cd on renal health even as significant as R-Cd. To protect people from the damage of cadmium pollution, it is vital to monitor the situation of soil and rice cadmium pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Fang Luo
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Jie-Ying Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Wen-Jing Jia
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Feng-Min Ji
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Qiong Yan
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Qing Xu
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Shen Ke
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Jin-Shan Ke
- Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Yang Si Hospital, Shanghai, 200126, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Ge L, Cang L, Yang J, Zhou D. Effects of root morphology and leaf transpiration on Cd uptake and translocation in rice under different growth temperature. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:24205-24214. [PMID: 27646449 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7696-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
With growing concerns on cadmium (Cd) contamination of rice grain from the public, the mechanism about the uptake and translocation of Cd in rice plant has been widely studied in recent years. However, the study about the effects of future warming on rice Cd accumulation was almost neglected. In the paper, hydroponic experiments of Cd exposure in growth chambers under different growth temperature (asymmetric and symmetric warming) were conducted to investigate how warming influenced Cd uptake and translocation in rice seedlings (6 liangyou 9368). The results showed that warming significantly increased Cd accumulation in shoot and root by 62.7 to 122 % and 65.5 to 73.9 %, respectively. Moreover, symmetric warming boosted Cd translocation from root to shoot, while antitranspirant treatment inhibited it significantly. The possible mechanisms may be that warming increased the fine root (diameter ≤ 0.5 mm) surface area and enlarged the active sites on root surface by influencing root morphology growth, thus promoted Cd uptake by root. Meanwhile, warming increased leaf transpiration and boosted the xylem stream from nutrient solution to above organs, thus enhanced Cd translocation. This study may provide new understanding and possible explanations about Cd uptake and translocation in rice plant under future warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Ge
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Long Cang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Jie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dongmei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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21
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Levine KE, Redmon JH, Elledge MF, Wanigasuriya KP, Smith K, Munoz B, Waduge VA, Periris-John RJ, Sathiakumar N, Harrington JM, Womack DS, Wickremasinghe R. Quest to identify geochemical risk factors associated with chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) in an endemic region of Sri Lanka-a multimedia laboratory analysis of biological, food, and environmental samples. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2016; 188:548. [PMID: 27591985 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-016-5524-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of a new form of chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) in Sri Lanka's North Central Province (NCP) has become a catastrophic health crisis. CKDu is characterized as slowly progressing, irreversible, and asymptomatic until late stages and, importantly, not attributed to diabetes, hypertension, or other known risk factors. It is postulated that the etiology of CKDu is multifactorial, involving genetic predisposition, nutritional and dehydration status, exposure to one or more environmental nephrotoxins, and lifestyle factors. The objective of this limited geochemical laboratory analysis was to determine the concentration of a suite of heavy metals and trace element nutrients in biological samples (human whole blood and hair) and environmental samples (drinking water, rice, soil, and freshwater fish) collected from two towns within the endemic NCP region in 2012 and 2013. This broad panel, metallomics/mineralomics approach was used to shed light on potential geochemical risk factors associated with CKDu. Based on prior literature documentation of potential nephrotoxins that may play a role in the genesis and progression of CKDu, heavy metals and fluoride were selected for analysis. The geochemical concentrations in biological and environmental media areas were quantified. Basic statistical measurements were subsequently used to compare media against applicable benchmark values, such as US soil screening levels. Cadmium, lead, and mercury were detected at concentrations exceeding US reference values in many of the biological samples, suggesting that study participants are subjected to chronic, low-level exposure to these elements. Within the limited number of environmental media samples, arsenic was determined to exceed initial risk screening and background concentration values in soil, while data collected from drinking water samples reflected the unique hydrogeochemistry of the region, including the prevalence of hard or very hard water, and fluoride, iron, manganese, sodium, and lead exceeding applicable drinking water standards in some instances. Current literature suggests that the etiology of CKDu is likely multifactorial, with no single biological or hydrogeochemical parameter directly related to disease genesis and progression. This preliminary screening identified that specific constituents may be present above levels of concern, but does not compare results against specific kidney toxicity values or cumulative risk related to a multifactorial disease process. The data collected from this limited investigation are intended to be used in the subsequent study design of a comprehensive and multifactorial etiological study of CKDu risk factors that includes sample collection, individual surveys, and laboratory analyses to more fully evaluate the potential environmental, behavioral, genetic, and lifestyle risk factors associated with CKDu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith E Levine
- RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709-2194, USA.
| | | | - Myles F Elledge
- RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709-2194, USA
| | | | - Kristin Smith
- RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709-2194, USA
| | - Breda Munoz
- RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709-2194, USA
| | | | - Roshini J Periris-John
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nalini Sathiakumar
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - James M Harrington
- RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709-2194, USA
| | - Donna S Womack
- RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709-2194, USA
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Alli LA. Blood level of cadmium and lead in occupationally exposed persons in Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria. Interdiscip Toxicol 2016; 8:146-50. [PMID: 27486374 PMCID: PMC4961911 DOI: 10.1515/intox-2015-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to assess the blood levels of cadmium and lead in some occupationally exposed individuals and compare the values with non-exposed individuals, with the aim of increasing the awareness of health risk caused by these heavy metals. A total of 120 subjects (64 occupationally exposed and 56 non-exposed subjects) with the age range of 15–40 years were studied in cross-sectional study conducted between September 2012 and February 2013 in Gwagwalada area of Abuja, Nigeria. Blood cadmium and lead were analyzed using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The respective mean blood levels of cadmium and lead were 11.63±1.73 μg/dl and 45.43±6.93 μg/dl in occupationally-exposed subjects, while in non-exposed subjects 2.03±0.55 μg/dl and 12.08±2.87 μg/dl. The results show that occupational exposure increases the blood level of cadmium and lead, which consequently increases the health risk of the exposed individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukman Adewale Alli
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, College of Health Sciences, University of Abuja, Nigeria
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Duc Phuc H, Kido T, Dung Manh H, Thai Anh L, Phuong Oanh NT, Okamoto R, Ichimori A, Nogawa K, Suwazono Y, Nakagawa H. A 28-year observational study of urinary cadmium and β 2 -microglobulin concentrations in inhabitants in cadmium-polluted areas in Japan. J Appl Toxicol 2016; 36:1622-1628. [PMID: 27080698 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The biological half-life of cadmium (Cd) is as long as 10-30 years. Exposure to this element induces renal tubular dysfunction, which is considered irreversible. β2 -microglobulin (β2 -MG) is a low-molecular-weight protein, and urinary β2 -MG is one of the most useful and critical indicators for the early detection of renal tubular dysfunction. However, very little research has been published concerning the long-term observation of Cd-induced adverse health effects. As such, this follow-up study was conducted for 28 years to clarify the relationship between the concentration of Cd and β2 -MG in the urine of 28 inhabitants (14 male and 14 female) living in the Kakehashi River basin, Ishikawa prefecture (Japan), previously one of the most highly Cd-polluted regions in this country. All subjects were over 60 years old in 2014 and participated in all six health examinations conducted over 28 years (1986-2014). Urine was collected at the appropriate time and kept frozen to analyze urinary Cd and β2 -MG concentrations. The urinary Cd concentration was found to decrease by nearly half between 1986 and 2008 in both male and female subjects, whereas it increased significantly from 2008 to 2014 in males. In contrast, urinary β2 -MG concentrations tended to increase over the 28-year study period in both sexes. Urinary Cd and β2 -MG concentrations in females were significantly higher than those in males in this Cd-polluted region. Age is more strongly associated with urinary β2 -MG concentration than recent Cd body burden. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Duc Phuc
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Kido
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
| | - Ho Dung Manh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Lac Hong University, No. 10, Huynh Van Nghe, Bien Hoa, Dong Nai, Vietnam
| | - Le Thai Anh
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Nguyen Thi Phuong Oanh
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Rie Okamoto
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Akie Ichimori
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80 Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nogawa
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuoku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasushi Suwazono
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuoku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hideaki Nakagawa
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
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Heavy Metal Contamination in Rice-Producing Soils of Hunan Province, China and Potential Health Risks. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:15584-93. [PMID: 26670240 PMCID: PMC4690941 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph121215005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We studied Cd, Cr, As, Ni, Mn, Pb, and Hg in three agricultural areas of Hunan province and determined the potential non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks for residents. Soil and brown rice samples from Shimen, Fenghuang, and Xiangtan counties were analyzed by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Soil levels of Cd and Hg were greatest, followed by As and Ni. The mean concentrations of heavy metals in brown rice were Cd 0.325, Cr 0.109, As 0.344, Ni 0.610, Mn 9.03, Pb 0.023, and Hg 0.071 mg/kg, respectively. Cd and Hg had greater transfer ability from soil to rice than the other elements. Daily intake of heavy metals through brown rice consumption were estimated to be Cd 2.30, Cr 0.775, As 2.45, Ni 4.32, Pb 0.162, Mn 64.6 and Hg 0.503 µg/(kg·day), respectively. Cd, Hg and As Hazard Quotient values were greater than 1 and Cd, Cr, As and Ni Cancer Risk values were all greater than 10(-4). The total non-carcinogenic risk factor was 14.6 and the total carcinogenic risk factor was 0.0423. Long-term exposure to heavy metals through brown rice consumption poses both potential non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks to the local residents.
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Additional Burden of Diseases Associated with Cadmium Exposure: A Case Study of Cadmium Contaminated Rice Fields in Mae Sot District, Tak Province, Thailand. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:9199-217. [PMID: 26262629 PMCID: PMC4555274 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120809199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Revised: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The cadmium (Cd) contaminated rice fields in Mae Sot District, Tak Province, Thailand has been one of the major environmental problems in Thailand for the last 10 years. We used disability adjusted life years (DALYs) to estimate the burden of disease attributable to Cd in terms of additional DALYs of Mae Sot residents. Cd exposure data included Cd and β2–microglobulin (β2-MG) in urine (as an internal exposure dose) and estimated cadmium daily intake (as an external exposure dose). Compared to the general Thai population, Mae Sot residents gained 10%–86% DALYs from nephrosis/nephritis, heart diseases, osteoporosis and cancer depending on their Cd exposure type and exposure level. The results for urinary Cd and dietary Cd intake varied according to the studies used for risk estimation. The ceiling effect was observed in results using dietary Cd intake because of the high Cd content in rice grown in the Mae Sot area. The results from β2-MG were more robust with additional DALYs ranging from 36%–86% for heart failure, cerebral infarction, and nephrosis/nephritis. Additional DALYs is a useful approach for assessing the magnitude of environmental Cd exposure. The Mae Sot population lost more healthy life compared to populations living in a non- or less Cd polluted area. This method should be applicable to various types of environmental contamination problems if exposure assessment information is available.
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Wang S, Li G. Assessment of cadmium bioaccumulation and distribution in the kernels of peanut widely cultivated in China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2014; 108:23-28. [PMID: 25038268 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Revised: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
To determine the low Cd accumulation genotypes of peanut and the key factor contributing to high Cd accumulation in peanut kernels, cadmium (Cd) bioaccumulation and distribution in the kernels of nineteen genotypes of peanut widely cultivated in China were estimated in field experiment during duration of 130 days. Results showed that only four genotypes (Yuhua9626, Jihua9606, Luhua11 and Quanhua646) were identified as low-Cd accumulation group according to hierarchical cluster analysis. Cd accumulated in the nutritional tissues of the kernels followed in the order: extracted protein>residues>peanut oil. The protein plays a key role in the abnormal accumulation of Cd in the kernels of peanut. Thus, the control of human ingestion risk can be done by the extraction of peanut oil during deep processing of peanut. Meanwhile, the protein and residues of peanut should be paid more public attention when they enter into the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wang
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; Shenyang Water Group Co., Ltd., Shenyang 110005, China
| | - Gang Li
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Effects of cadmium chloride on mouse inner medullary collecting duct cells. Interdiscip Toxicol 2014; 6:157-8. [PMID: 24678254 PMCID: PMC3967443 DOI: 10.2478/intox-2013-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Revised: 08/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium is a known renal toxin. The cytotoxic effect of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) was evaluated on renal inner medullary collecting duct cells (mIMCD3). The 24 hr LC50 value for CdCl2 in mIMCD3 cells was 40 µM. The present study showed that mIMCD3 cells were sensitive to CdCl2 exposure.
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Li R, Zhou Y, Wang L, Ren G, Zou E. Effects of cadmium alone and in combination with low molecular weight chitosan on metallothionein, glutathione-S-transferase, acid phosphatase, and ATPase of freshwater crab Sinopotamon yangtsekiense. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2014; 29:298-309. [PMID: 22331632 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2011] [Revised: 11/28/2011] [Accepted: 12/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental contaminant showing a variety of deleterious effects, including the potential threat for the ecological environment and human health via food chains. Low molecular weight chitosan (LMWC) has been demonstrated to be an effective antioxidant. Metallothionein (MT) mRNA levels and activities of glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), acid phosphatase (ACP), Na(+),K(+)-ATPase, and Ca(2+)-ATPase as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in the gills of the freshwater crab Sinopotamon yangtsekiense were analyzed in vivo in order to determine the injury of Cd exposure on the gill tissues as well as the protective effect of LMWC against this injury. The results showed that there was an apparent accumulation of Cd in the gills, which was lessened by the presence of LMWC. Moreover, Cd(2+) significantly increased the gill MT mRNA levels, ACP activity and MDA content while decreasing the activities of SOD, GST, Na(+),K(+)-ATPase, and Ca(2+)-ATPase in the crabs relative to the control. Cotreatment with LMWC reduced the levels of MT mRNA and ACP but raised the activities of GST, Na(+),K(+)-ATPase, and Ca(2+)-ATPase in gill tissues compared with the crabs exposed to Cd(2+) alone. These results suggest that LMWC may exert its protective effect through chelating Cd(2+) to form LMWC-Cd(2+) complex, elevating the antioxidative activities of GST, Na(+),K(+)-ATPase, and Ca(2+)-ATPase as well as alleviating the stress pressure on MT and ACP, consequently protecting the cell from the adverse effects of Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijin Li
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi Province, People's Republic of China; Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi Province, People's Republic of China
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Al Bakheet SA, Attafi IM, Maayah ZH, Abd-Allah AR, Asiri YA, Korashy HM. Effect of long-term human exposure to environmental heavy metals on the expression of detoxification and DNA repair genes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2013; 181:226-232. [PMID: 23872045 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Revised: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the influence of long-term environmental human exposure to three heavy metals, lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg), on the expression of detoxifying, xenobiotic metabolizing, and DNA repair genes in Mahd Ad-Dahab city. The study groups consisted of 40 healthy male residents (heavy metal-exposed) and 20 healthy male from Riyadh city, 700 km away, and served as control group. The heavy metal-exposed group with high exposure to Pb, Cd, or Hg was divided into three subgroups Pb-, Cd-, and Hg-exposed groups, respectively. The mRNA expression levels of detoxifying, NQO1, HO-1, GSTA1, MT-1, and HSP70, were significantly decreased in all heavy metal-exposed group as compared to control group. This was accompanied with a proportional decrease in the expression of xenobiotic metabolizing gene, cytochrome P4501A1. On the other hand, the DNA repair gene OGG1 and the 8-OHdG level were dramatically inhibited in Cd-exposed group only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh A Al Bakheet
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Clemens S, Aarts MGM, Thomine S, Verbruggen N. Plant science: the key to preventing slow cadmium poisoning. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2013; 18:92-9. [PMID: 22981394 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2012.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 568] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Revised: 08/04/2012] [Accepted: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Practically all human populations are environmentally exposed to cadmium (Cd), mostly through plant-derived food. A growing body of epidemiological evidence suggests that there is no margin of safety between current Cd exposure levels and the threshold for adverse health effects and, hence, there is an urgent need to lower human Cd intake. Here we review recent studies on rice (Oryza sativa) and Cd-hyperaccumulating plants that have led to important insights into the processes controlling the passage of Cd from the soil to edible plant organs. The emerging molecular understanding of Cd uptake, root retention, root-to-shoot translocation and grain loading will enable the development of low Cd-accumulating crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Clemens
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
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The use of the model species Arabidopsis halleri towards phytoextraction of cadmium polluted soils. N Biotechnol 2012; 30:9-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2012.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2012] [Revised: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Monachese M, Burton JP, Reid G. Bioremediation and tolerance of humans to heavy metals through microbial processes: a potential role for probiotics? Appl Environ Microbiol 2012; 78:6397-404. [PMID: 22798364 PMCID: PMC3426676 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01665-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The food and water we consume are often contaminated with a range of chemicals and heavy metals, such as lead, cadmium, arsenic, chromium, and mercury, that are associated with numerous diseases. Although heavy-metal exposure and contamination are not a recent phenomenon, the concentration of metals and the exposure to populations remain major issues despite efforts at remediation. The ability to prevent and manage this problem is still a subject of much debate, with many technologies ineffective and others too expensive for practical large-scale use, especially for developing nations where major pollution occurs. This has led researchers to seek alternative solutions for decontaminating environmental sites and humans themselves. A number of environmental microorganisms have long been known for their ability to bind metals, but less well appreciated are human gastrointestinal bacteria. Species such as Lactobacillus, present in the human mouth, gut, and vagina and in fermented foods, have the ability to bind and detoxify some of these substances. This review examines the current understanding of detoxication mechanisms of lactobacilli and how, in the future, humans and animals might benefit from these organisms in remediating environmental contamination of food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Monachese
- Human Microbiology and Probiotics, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeremy P. Burton
- Human Microbiology and Probiotics, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gregor Reid
- Human Microbiology and Probiotics, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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Wanigasuriya KP, Peiris-John RJ, Wickremasinghe R. Chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology in Sri Lanka: is cadmium a likely cause? BMC Nephrol 2011; 12:32. [PMID: 21726464 PMCID: PMC3143923 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2369-12-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2010] [Accepted: 07/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The rising prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and subsequent end stage renal failure necessitating renal replacement therapy has profound consequences for affected individuals and health care resources. This community based study was conducted to identify potential predictors of microalbuminuria in a randomly selected sample of adults from the North Central Province (NCP) of Sri Lanka, where the burden of CKD is pronounced and the underlying cause still unknown. Methods Exposures to possible risk factors were determined in randomly recruited subjects (425 females and 461 males) from selected areas of the NCP of Sri Lanka using an interviewer administered questionnaire. Sulphosalicylic acid and the Light Dependent Resister microalbumin gel filtration method was used for initial screening for microalbuminuria and reconfirmed by the Micral strip test. Results Microalbumnuria was detected in 6.1% of the females and 8.5% of the males. Smoking (p < 0.001), alcohol use (p = 0.003), hypertension (p < 0.001), diabetes (p < 0.001), urinary tract infection (UTI) (p = 0.034) and consumption of water from wells in the fields (p = 0.025) were associated with microalbuminuria. In the binary logistic regression analysis, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, UTI, drinking well water in the fields, smoking and pesticide spraying were found to be significant predictors of microalbuminuria. Conclusions Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, UTI, and smoking are known risk factors for microalbuminuria. The association between microalbuminuria and consumption of well water suggests an environmental aetiology to CKD in NCP. The causative agent is yet to be identified. Investigations for cadmium as a potential causative agent needs to be initiated.
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Wanigasuriya KP, Peiris-John RJ, Wickremasinghe R. Chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology in Sri Lanka: is cadmium a likely cause? BMC Nephrol 2011. [PMID: 21726464 DOI: 10.1186/1471‐2369‐12‐32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rising prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and subsequent end stage renal failure necessitating renal replacement therapy has profound consequences for affected individuals and health care resources. This community based study was conducted to identify potential predictors of microalbuminuria in a randomly selected sample of adults from the North Central Province (NCP) of Sri Lanka, where the burden of CKD is pronounced and the underlying cause still unknown. METHODS Exposures to possible risk factors were determined in randomly recruited subjects (425 females and 461 males) from selected areas of the NCP of Sri Lanka using an interviewer administered questionnaire. Sulphosalicylic acid and the Light Dependent Resister microalbumin gel filtration method was used for initial screening for microalbuminuria and reconfirmed by the Micral strip test. RESULTS Microalbumnuria was detected in 6.1% of the females and 8.5% of the males. Smoking (p < 0.001), alcohol use (p = 0.003), hypertension (p < 0.001), diabetes (p < 0.001), urinary tract infection (UTI) (p = 0.034) and consumption of water from wells in the fields (p = 0.025) were associated with microalbuminuria. In the binary logistic regression analysis, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, UTI, drinking well water in the fields, smoking and pesticide spraying were found to be significant predictors of microalbuminuria. CONCLUSIONS Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, UTI, and smoking are known risk factors for microalbuminuria. The association between microalbuminuria and consumption of well water suggests an environmental aetiology to CKD in NCP. The causative agent is yet to be identified. Investigations for cadmium as a potential causative agent needs to be initiated.
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Li R, Zhou Y, Wang L, Ren G. Low-molecular-weight-chitosan ameliorates cadmium-induced toxicity in the freshwater crab, Sinopotamon yangtsekiense. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2011; 74:1164-1170. [PMID: 21392824 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2011.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2011] [Revised: 02/15/2011] [Accepted: 02/20/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) has been shown to induce oxidative stress. Low-molecular-weight-chitosan (LMWC) has been demonstrated to exhibit potent antioxidant effects. We investigated the regulation role in Cd²⁺-induced oxidative damage in the hepatopancreas of the freshwater crab Sinopotamon yangtsekiense and the protective effect of LMWC. The results showed that Cd²⁺ significantly increased the hepatopancreatic metallothionein (MT) mRNA levels and protein kinase C (PKC) activity while decreasing the activities of Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase and Ca²⁺-ATPase in crabs relative to the control group. Co-treatment with LMWC suppressed the levels of MT and PKC but raised the activities of Na⁺,K+-ATPase and Ca²⁺-ATPase in hepatopancreatic tissues compared with the crabs exposed to Cd²⁺ alone. We postulate that LMWC may exert its protective effect through regulating the expressions of MT, PKC, Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase and Ca²⁺-ATPase, thereby enhancing antioxidant defense. These observations suggest that LMWC may be beneficial because of its ability to alleviate the Cd²⁺-induced damages to the crabs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijin Li
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi Province, PR China
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Vromman V, Waegeneers N, Cornelis C, De Boosere I, Van Holderbeke M, Vinkx C, Smolders E, Huyghebaert A, Pussemier L. Dietary cadmium intake by the Belgian adult population. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2011; 27:1665-73. [PMID: 21108091 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2010.525752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to estimate the dietary cadmium (Cd) intake of the Belgian adult population, to compare this dietary Cd exposure to the tolerable weekly intake (TWI) recently established by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and to determine the major food groups that contribute to dietary Cd exposure in Belgium. Food consumption data were derived from the 2004 Belgian food consumption survey (two 24 h recalls, 3083 participants). Cadmium concentrations in food items (n = 4000) were gathered from the control program of the Belgian Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain for the period 2006-2008. Dietary intake per individual was calculated from consumption data and median Cd concentrations. The population mean, median and 95th percentile of the dietary intake values were 0.98, 0.85 and 2.02 µg kg⁻¹ body weight per week respectively. Two percent of the Belgian adult population has a dietary Cd intake above the recent TWI of 2.5 µg kg⁻¹ body weight established by EFSA in 2009. Cereal products and potatoes contribute for more than 60% to Cd intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Vromman
- Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain, Brussels, Belgium.
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Usuda K, Kono K, Ohnishi K, Nakayama S, Sugiura Y, Kitamura Y, Kurita A, Tsuda Y, Kimura M, Yoshida Y. Toxicological aspects of cadmium and occupational health activities to prevent workplace exposure in Japan: A narrative review. Toxicol Ind Health 2010; 27:225-33. [PMID: 20937626 DOI: 10.1177/0748233710386404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Chemicals are an essential part of modern manufacture processes. Their use must be managed with great attention in occupational settings to avoid serious detrimental effects to the health of employees. For example, cadmium compounds are indispensable for the production of nickel-cadmium rechargeable batteries or as chemical stabilizer in plastics. It is an exceptionally toxic heavy metal and personnel exposed to cadmium in the workplace meet with potential health risks that can lead to the development of kidney, skeletal and respiratory disorders. In consequence, proactive and systematical development of occupational hygiene and health activities are necessary to reduce chemical exposure to cadmium in the workplace. This review describes the known facts of cadmium toxicity, the biological effects of cadmium exposure, possible regulation measures to prevent occupational cadmium exposure in three industrial health management systems and discusses future cooperation programs in these systems, proactive safety activities and occupational safety and health management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Usuda
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Division of Preventive and Social Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki-city, Osaka, Japan.
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Wu Q, Magnus JH, Hentz JG. Urinary cadmium, osteopenia, and osteoporosis in the US population. Osteoporos Int 2010; 21:1449-54. [PMID: 19937228 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-009-1111-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2009] [Accepted: 09/09/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY The association between cadmium and osteoporosis in a multiethnic population is unclear. We found that urinary cadmium is consistently associated with osteopenia and osteoporosis in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, regardless of age, sex, race, and smoking status. Cadmium exposure may be an independent risk factor for osteoporosis. INTRODUCTION Our purpose was to test whether cadmium exposure is associated with a higher prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in the general US population and selected subgroups. METHODS We used multinomial logistic regression to analyze data on 10,978 subjects (aged 30-90) from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We studied the association of urinary cadmium levels (adjusted for urinary creatinine) and the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis as defined by the World Health Organization. RESULTS After adjustment for age, sex, ethnicity, body mass index, calcium intake, and physical inactivity, odds ratios (ORs) for osteopenia and osteoporosis increased dose dependently with two urinary cadmium levels (in micrograms of urinary cadmium per grams of urinary creatinine: level I, 1.00-1.99 mcg/g; level II, > or =2.00 mcg/g). Osteopenia results were as follows: level I OR, 1.49 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.24-1.80); level II OR, 2.05 (95% CI, 1.52-2.78). Osteoporosis results were as follows: level I OR, 1.78 (95% CI, 1.26-2.52); level II OR, 3.80 (95% CI, 2.36-6.14). The association was consistent in all age, sex, race, and smoking status subgroups. CONCLUSIONS Cadmium exposure may be a potential risk factor for osteopenia and osteoporosis in the general US population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Wu
- Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, 13400 East Shea Blvd, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA.
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Soderland P, Lovekar S, Weiner DE, Brooks DR, Kaufman JS. Chronic kidney disease associated with environmental toxins and exposures. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis 2010; 17:254-64. [PMID: 20439094 DOI: 10.1053/j.ackd.2010.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2010] [Revised: 03/31/2010] [Accepted: 03/31/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
People are exposed to various potentially toxic agents and conditions in their natural and occupational environments. These agents may be physical or chemical, may enter the human body through oral, inhalational, or transdermal routes, and may exert effects on all organ systems. Several well-known as well as lesser known associations exist between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and both environmental agents and conditions, such as heavy metals, industrial chemicals, elevated ambient temperatures, and infections. The effects of these agents may be modulated by genetic susceptibility and other comorbid conditions and may lead to the development of acute and CKD. In this article, we present environmental factors that are associated with CKD.
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Kobayashi E, Suwazono Y, Dochi M, Honda R, Kido T, Nakagawa H. Influence of drinking and/or cooking with Jinzu River water on the development of Itai-itai disease. Biol Trace Elem Res 2009; 129:46-57. [PMID: 19093077 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-008-8290-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2008] [Accepted: 12/01/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to estimate the amount of cadmium (Cd) exposure needed for the development of Itai-itai disease and the influence of using Jinzu River water for drinking and/or cooking on its development. The subjects comprised 38 Itai-itai disease patients admitted both for questionnaire survey and medical testing. The period when the patients started to perceive leg/back pain was defined as 'mild disease onset' and that when they experienced the most severe manifestations such as ambulatory disturbance as 'severe disease onset'. In a comparison of non-users/users of river water, mean age and lifetime Cd intake (LCd) estimated from the daily consumption of rice and other foods at the onset of mild or severe disease showed smaller values in the users than non-users. LCd in non-users/users of river water for drinking and/or cooking were estimated as 3.46-3.60 g/2.58-2.63 g at mild disease onset and 4.24-4.44 g/3.50-3.54 g at severe disease onset. A portion of the differences in LCd in non-users/users is attributable to the influence of Cd consumption from the use of river water, although it was suggested that LCd estimated from eating Cd-polluted rice exerted a greater influence on the development of Itai-itai disease than drinking and/or cooking with Cd-polluted river water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etsuko Kobayashi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (A2), Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuohku, Chiba, Japan.
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