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Gao Y, Xu SM, Cheng Y, Takenaka K, Lindner G, Janitz M. Investigation of the Circular Transcriptome in Alzheimer's Disease Brain. J Mol Neurosci 2024; 74:64. [PMID: 38981928 PMCID: PMC11233389 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-024-02236-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a subclass of non-coding RNAs which have demonstrated potential as biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we conducted a comprehensive exploration of the circRNA transcriptome within AD brain tissues. Specifically, we assessed circRNA expression patterns in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex collected from nine AD-afflicted individuals and eight healthy controls. Utilising two circRNA detection tools, CIRI2 and CIRCexplorer2, we detected thousands of circRNAs and performed a differential expression analysis. CircRNAs which exhibited statistically significantly differential expression were identified as AD-specific differentially expressed circRNAs. Notably, our investigation revealed 120 circRNAs with significant upregulation and 1325 circRNAs displaying significant downregulation in AD brains when compared to healthy brain tissue. Additionally, we explored the expression profiles of the linear RNA counterparts corresponding to differentially expressed circRNAs in AD-afflicted brains and discovered that the linear RNA counterparts exhibited no significant changes in the levels of expression. We used CRAFT tool to predict that circUBE4B had potential to target miRNA named as hsa-miR-325-5p, ultimately regulated CD44 gene. This study provides a comprehensive overview of differentially expressed circRNAs in the context of AD brains, underscoring their potential as molecular biomarkers for AD. These findings significantly enhance our comprehension of AD's underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, offering promising avenues for future diagnostic and therapeutic developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulan Gao
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Si-Mei Xu
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yuning Cheng
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Konii Takenaka
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Grace Lindner
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael Janitz
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
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2
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Valizadeh M, Derafsh E, Abdi Abyaneh F, Parsamatin SK, Noshabad FZR, Alinaghipour A, Yaghoobi Z, Taheri AT, Dadgostar E, Aschner M, Mirzaei H, Tamtaji OR, Nabavizadeh F. Non-Coding RNAs and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Information of their Roles in Apoptosis. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:4508-4537. [PMID: 38102518 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03849-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis can be known as a key factor in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. In disease conditions, the rate of apoptosis expands and tissue damage may become apparent. Recently, the scientific studies of the non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) has provided new information of the molecular mechanisms that contribute to neurodegenerative disorders. Numerous reports have documented that ncRNAs have important contributions to several biological processes associated with the increase of neurodegenerative disorders. In addition, microRNAs (miRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), as well as, long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) represent ncRNAs subtypes with the usual dysregulation in neurodegenerative disorders. Dysregulating ncRNAs has been associated with inhibiting or stimulating apoptosis in neurodegenerative disorders. Therefore, this review highlighted several ncRNAs linked to apoptosis in neurodegenerative disorders. CircRNAs, lncRNAs, and miRNAs were also illustrated completely regarding the respective signaling pathways of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ehsan Derafsh
- Windsor University School of Medicine, Cayon, Canada
| | | | - Sayedeh Kiana Parsamatin
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Azam Alinaghipour
- School of Medical Sciences, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Zahra Yaghoobi
- Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Abdolkarim Talebi Taheri
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Dadgostar
- Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR, Iran
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR, Iran.
| | - Omid Reza Tamtaji
- Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran.
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Nabavizadeh
- Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran
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3
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Kim JM, Kim WR, Park EG, Lee DH, Lee YJ, Shin HJ, Jeong HS, Roh HY, Kim HS. Exploring the Regulatory Landscape of Dementia: Insights from Non-Coding RNAs. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6190. [PMID: 38892378 PMCID: PMC11172830 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Dementia, a multifaceted neurological syndrome characterized by cognitive decline, poses significant challenges to daily functioning. The main causes of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Lewy body dementia (LBD), and vascular dementia (VD), have different symptoms and etiologies. Genetic regulators, specifically non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are known to play important roles in dementia pathogenesis. MiRNAs, small non-coding RNAs, regulate gene expression by binding to the 3' untranslated regions of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs), while lncRNAs and circRNAs act as molecular sponges for miRNAs, thereby regulating gene expression. The emerging concept of competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) interactions, involving lncRNAs and circRNAs as competitors for miRNA binding, has gained attention as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in dementia-related disorders. This review explores the regulatory roles of ncRNAs, particularly miRNAs, and the intricate dynamics of ceRNA interactions, providing insights into dementia pathogenesis and potential therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-min Kim
- Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (J.-m.K.); (W.R.K.); (E.G.P.); (D.H.L.); (Y.J.L.); (H.J.S.); (H.-s.J.)
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
| | - Woo Ryung Kim
- Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (J.-m.K.); (W.R.K.); (E.G.P.); (D.H.L.); (Y.J.L.); (H.J.S.); (H.-s.J.)
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
| | - Eun Gyung Park
- Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (J.-m.K.); (W.R.K.); (E.G.P.); (D.H.L.); (Y.J.L.); (H.J.S.); (H.-s.J.)
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
| | - Du Hyeong Lee
- Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (J.-m.K.); (W.R.K.); (E.G.P.); (D.H.L.); (Y.J.L.); (H.J.S.); (H.-s.J.)
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yun Ju Lee
- Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (J.-m.K.); (W.R.K.); (E.G.P.); (D.H.L.); (Y.J.L.); (H.J.S.); (H.-s.J.)
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hae Jin Shin
- Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (J.-m.K.); (W.R.K.); (E.G.P.); (D.H.L.); (Y.J.L.); (H.J.S.); (H.-s.J.)
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyeon-su Jeong
- Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (J.-m.K.); (W.R.K.); (E.G.P.); (D.H.L.); (Y.J.L.); (H.J.S.); (H.-s.J.)
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyun-Young Roh
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Heui-Soo Kim
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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4
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Martinez-Feduchi P, Jin P, Yao B. Epigenetic modifications of DNA and RNA in Alzheimer's disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1398026. [PMID: 38726308 PMCID: PMC11079283 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1398026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder and the most common form of dementia. There are two main types of AD: familial and sporadic. Familial AD is linked to mutations in amyloid precursor protein (APP), presenilin-1 (PSEN1), and presenilin-2 (PSEN2). On the other hand, sporadic AD is the more common form of the disease and has genetic, epigenetic, and environmental components that influence disease onset and progression. Investigating the epigenetic mechanisms associated with AD is essential for increasing understanding of pathology and identifying biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment. Chemical covalent modifications on DNA and RNA can epigenetically regulate gene expression at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and play protective or pathological roles in AD and other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bing Yao
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
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5
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Xiao F, He Z, Wang S, Li J, Fan X, Yan T, Yang M, Yang D. Regulatory mechanism of circular RNAs in neurodegenerative diseases. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14499. [PMID: 37864389 PMCID: PMC11017410 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurodegenerative disease is a collective term for a category of diseases that are caused by neuronal dysfunction, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs without the 3' cap and 5' poly(A) and are linked by covalent bonds. CircRNAs are highly expressed in brain neurons and can regulate the pathological process of neurodegenerative diseases by affecting the levels of various deposition proteins. AIMS This review is aiming to suggest that the majority of circRNAs influence neurodegenerative pathologies mainly by affecting the abnormal deposition of proteins in neurodegenerative diseases. METHODS We systematically summarized the pathological features of neurodegenerative diseases and the regulatory mechanisms of circRNAs in various types of neurodegenerative diseases. RESULTS Neurodegenerative disease main features include intercellular ubiquitin-proteasome system abnormalities, changes in cytoskeletal proteins, and the continuous deposition of insoluble protein fragments and inclusion bodies in the cytoplasm or nucleus, resulting in impairment of the normal physiological processes of the neuronal system. CircRNAs have multiple mechanisms, such as acting as microRNA sponges, binding to proteins, and regulating transcription. CircRNAs, which are highly stable molecules, are expected to be potential biomarkers for the pathological detection of neurodegenerative diseases such as AD and PD. CONCLUSIONS In this review, we describe the regulatory roles and mechanisms of circRNAs in neurodegenerative diseases and aim to employ circRNAs as biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xiao
- College of Animal Science and TechnologySichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Zhi He
- College of Animal Science and TechnologySichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Siqi Wang
- College of Animal Science and TechnologySichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Jiamei Li
- College of Animal Science and TechnologySichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xiaolan Fan
- College of Animal Science and TechnologySichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Taiming Yan
- College of Animal Science and TechnologySichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Mingyao Yang
- College of Animal Science and TechnologySichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
| | - Deying Yang
- College of Animal Science and TechnologySichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina
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Wang HF, Li YB, Liu ZY, Xie WM, Liu Q, Zhang RJ, Wang WY, Hao JX, Wang L, Geng DD. Circ-Bptf Ameliorates Learning and Memory Impairments via the miR-138-5p/p62 Axis in APP/PS1 Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04066-y. [PMID: 38528305 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04066-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common age-associated progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is implicated in the aberrant regulation of numerous circular RNAs (circRNAs). Here, we reported that circ-Bptf, a conserved circRNA derived from the Bptf gene, showed an age-dependent decrease in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. Overexpression of circ-Bptf significantly reversed dendritic spine loss and learning and memory impairment in APP/PS1 mice. Moreover, we found that circ-Bptf was predominantly localized to the cytoplasm and upregulated p62 expression by binding to miR-138-5p. Furthermore, the miR-138-5p mimics reversed the decreased expression of p62 induced by the silencing of circ-Bptf. Together, our findings suggested that circ-Bptf ameliorated learning and memory impairments via the miR-138-5p/p62 axis in APP/PS1 mice. It may act as a potential player in AD pathogenesis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Fang Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Institute of Medicine and Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Yi-Bo Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, Institute of Medicine and Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Zi-Yu Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Institute of Medicine and Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Wen-Meng Xie
- Department of Human Anatomy, Institute of Medicine and Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Institute of Medicine and Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Run-Jiao Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Institute of Medicine and Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Wen-Yu Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Institute of Medicine and Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Jia-Xin Hao
- Department of Human Anatomy, Institute of Medicine and Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Institute of Medicine and Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China.
| | - Dan-Dan Geng
- Department of Human Anatomy, Institute of Medicine and Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China.
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Qi Y, Wang X, Guo X. miR-3940-5p reduces amyloid β production via selectively targeting PSEN1. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1346978. [PMID: 38501059 PMCID: PMC10944889 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1346978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) in brain. Mounting evidence has revealed critical roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in AD pathogenesis; however, the miRNAs directly targeting presenilin1 (PSEN1), which encodes the catalytic core subunit of γ-secretase that limits the production of Aβ from amyloid precursor protein (APP), are extremely understudied. The present study aimed to identify miRNAs targeting PSEN1 and its effect on Aβ production. This study first predicted 5 candidate miRNAs that may target PSEN1,through websites such as TargetScan, miRDB, and miRwalk. Subsequently, the targeting specificity of the candidate miRNAs towards PS1 was validated using dual-luciferase reporter assays. To investigate the regulatory effect of miR-3940-5p on gene expression based on its targeting of PS1, miR-3940-5p mimics or inhibitors were transiently transfected into SH-SY5Y cells. Changes in PSEN1 transcription and translation in the tested cells were detected using RT-qPCR and Western Blot, respectively. Finally, to explore whether miR-3940-5p affects Aβ production, SH-SY5Y APPswe cells overexpressing the Swedish mutant type of APP were transiently transfected with miR-3940-5p mimics, and the expression level of Aβ was detected using ELISA. The results are as follows: The dual-luciferase reporter assays validated the targeting specificity of miR-3940-5p for PSEN1. Overexpression of miR-3940-5p significantly reduced the mRNA and protein levels of PSEN1 in SH-SY5Y cells. Conversely, inhibition of miR-3940-5p led to an increase in PSEN1 mRNA levels. Transfection of miR-3940-5p mimics into SH-SY5Y-APPswe cells resulted in a significant reduction in Aβ42 and Aβ40. Lentiviral-mediated overexpression of miR-3940-5p significantly decreased the expression of PSEN1 and did not significantly affect the expression of other predicted target genes. Furthermore, stable overexpression of miR-3940-5p in SH-SY5Y-APPswe cells mediated by lentivirus significantly reduced the expression of PSEN1 and the production of Aβ42 and Aβ40. Therefore, our study demonstrates for the first time the functional importance of miR-3940-5p in antagonizing Aβ production through specific and direct targeting of PSEN1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Qi
- School of Life Sciences, The Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Life Sciences, The Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yeda Institute of Gene and Cell Therapy, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xihan Guo
- School of Life Sciences, The Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Wang J, Zhen Y, Yang J, Yang S, Zhu G. Recognizing Alzheimer's disease from perspective of oligodendrocytes: Phenomena or pathogenesis? CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14688. [PMID: 38516808 PMCID: PMC10958408 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulation of amyloid beta, tau hyperphosphorylation, and microglia activation are the three highly acknowledged pathological factors of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, oligodendrocytes (OLs) were also widely investigated in the pathogenesis and treatment for AD. AIMS We aimed to update the regulatory targets of the differentiation and maturation of OLs, and emphasized the key role of OLs in the occurrence and treatment of AD. METHODS This review first concluded the targets of OL differentiation and maturation with AD pathogenesis, and then advanced the key role of OLs in the pathogenesis of AD based on both clinic and basic experiments. Later, we extensively discussed the possible application of the current progress in the diagnosis and treatment of this complex disease. RESULTS Molecules involving in OLs' differentiation or maturation, including various transcriptional factors, cholesterol homeostasis regulators, and microRNAs could also participate in the pathogenesis of AD. Clinical data point towards the impairment of OLs in AD patients. Basic research further supports the central role of OLs in the regulation of AD pathologies. Additionally, classic drugs, including donepezil, edaravone, fluoxetine, and clemastine demonstrate their potential in remedying OL impairment in AD models, and new therapeutics from the perspective of OLs is constantly being developed. CONCLUSIONS We believe that OL dysfunction is one important pathogenesis of AD. Factors regulating OLs might be biomarkers for early diagnosis and agents stimulating OLs warrant the development of anti-AD drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingji Wang
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain Diseases)Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Clinical Medical Research Center of Anhui ProvinceThe Second Affiliation Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Yilan Zhen
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain Diseases)Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Jun Yang
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain Diseases)Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
- The First Affiliation Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Shaojie Yang
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain Diseases)Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Guoqi Zhu
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain Diseases)Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefeiChina
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9
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Paniri A, Hosseini MM, Akhavan-Niaki H. Alzheimer's Disease-Related Epigenetic Changes: Novel Therapeutic Targets. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:1282-1317. [PMID: 37700216 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03626-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a significant risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), although the precise mechanism and molecular basis of AD are not yet fully understood. Epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation, mitochondrial DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), play a role in regulating gene expression related to neuron plasticity and integrity, which are closely associated with learning and memory development. This review describes the impact of dynamic and reversible epigenetic modifications and factors on memory and plasticity throughout life, emphasizing their potential as target for therapeutic intervention in AD. Additionally, we present insight from postmortem and animal studies on abnormal epigenetics regulation in AD, as well as current strategies aiming at targeting these factors in the context of AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Paniri
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
- Zoonoses Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Amol, Iran
| | | | - Haleh Akhavan-Niaki
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
- Zoonoses Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Amol, Iran.
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10
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Beylerli O, Beilerli A, Ilyasova T, Shumadalova A, Shi H, Sufianov A. CircRNAs in Alzheimer's disease: What are the prospects? Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:203-210. [PMID: 38125754 PMCID: PMC10730436 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2023.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) is a fascinating covalently closed circular non-coding RNA that is abundantly present in the transcriptome of eukaryotic cells. Its versatile nature allows it to participate in a multitude of pathological and physiological processes within the organism. One of its crucial functions is acting as a microRNA sponge, modulating protein transcription levels, and forming interactions with essential RNA-binding proteins. Remarkably, circRNAs demonstrates a specific enrichment in various vital areas of the brain, including the cortex, hippocampus, white matter, and photoreceptor neurons, particularly in aging organisms. This intriguing characteristic has led scientists to explore its potential as a significant biological marker of neurodegeneration, offering promising insights into neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD). In AD, there has been an interesting observation of elevated levels of circRNAs in both peripheral blood and synaptic terminals of affected individuals. This intriguing finding raises the possibility that circRNAs may have a central role in the initiation and progression of AD. Notably, different categories of circRNAs, including HDAC9, HOMER1, Cwc27, Tulp4, and PTK2, have been implicated in driving the pathological changes associated with AD through diverse mechanisms. For instance, these circRNAs have been demonstrated to contribute to the accumulation of beta-amyloid, which is a hallmark characteristic of AD. Additionally, these circRNAs contribute to the excessive phosphorylation of tau protein, a phenomenon associated with neurofibrillary tangles, further exacerbating the disease. Moreover, they are involved in aggravating neuroinflammation, which is known to play a critical role in AD's pathogenesis. Lastly, these circRNAs can cause mitochondrial dysfunction, disrupting cellular energy production and leading to cognitive impairment. As researchers delve deeper into the intricate workings of circRNAs, they hope to unlock its full potential as a diagnostic tool and therapeutic target for neurodegenerative disorders, paving the way for innovative treatments and better management of such devastating conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozal Beylerli
- Central Research Laboratory, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, 3 Lenin Street, 450008, Russia
| | - Aferin Beilerli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tyumen State Medical University, 54 Odesskaya Street, 625023, Tyumen, Russia
| | - Tatiana Ilyasova
- Department of Internal Diseases, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, 450008, Russia
| | - Alina Shumadalova
- Department of General Chemistry, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, 3 Lenin Street, 450008, Russia
| | - Huaizhang Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Albert Sufianov
- Educational and Scientific Institute of Neurosurgery, Рeoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
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11
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Wen X, Huang C, Xie H, Hu D, Luo J, Li K. The Applications of CircRNA in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-03977-0. [PMID: 38315302 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03977-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Early diagnosis and intervention are key to the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). There is an urgent need for new biomarkers and molecular targets for the detection and treatment of early Alzheimer's pathology. Circular RNA (circRNA) is a newly discovered non-coding RNA with a special type of covalently closed single strand, with potential preventive and therapeutic applications in a variety of diseases. New studies in the field of circRNA in AD have made many exciting new discoveries in recent years, some of which have not received sufficient attention but have important research implications. This review will focus on existing studies of circRNA in AD and discuss future translational perspectives of proposed circRNA strategies for clinical application in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyi Wen
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Hesong Xie
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Di Hu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Juyu Luo
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Keshen Li
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
- Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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12
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Zhou M, Li S, Huang C. Physiological and pathological functions of circular RNAs in the nervous system. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:342-349. [PMID: 37488888 PMCID: PMC10503630 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.379017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of covalently closed single-stranded RNAs that are expressed during the development of specific cells and tissues. CircRNAs play crucial roles in physiological and pathological processes by sponging microRNAs, modulating gene transcription, controlling the activity of certain RNA-binding proteins, and producing functional peptides. A key focus of research at present is the functionality of circRNAs in the nervous system and several advances have emerged over the last 2 years. However, the precise role of circRNAs in the nervous system has yet to be comprehensively reviewed. In this review, we first summarize the recently described roles of circRNAs in brain development, maturity, and aging. Then, we focus on the involvement of circRNAs in various diseases of the central nervous system, such as brain cancer, chronic neurodegenerative diseases, acute injuries of the nervous system, and neuropathic pain. A better understanding of the functionality of circRNAs will help us to develop potential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic strategies to treat diseases of the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shi Li
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuan Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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13
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Zhang H, Hu S, Yang P, Long H, Ma Q, Yin D, Xu G. HDAC9-mediated calmodulin deacetylation induces memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14573. [PMID: 38421101 PMCID: PMC10850929 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive cognitive dysfunction and memory impairment. AD pathology involves protein acetylation. Previous studies have mainly focused on histone acetylation in AD, however, the roles of nonhistone acetylation in AD are less explored. METHODS The protein acetylation and expression levels were detected by western blotting and co-immunoprecipitation. The stoichiometry of acetylation was measured by home-made and site-specific antibodies against acetylated-CaM (Ac-CaM) at K22, K95, and K116. Hippocampus-dependent learning and memory were evaluated by using the Morris water maze, novel object recognition, and contextual fear conditioning tests. RESULTS We showed that calmodulin (CaM) acetylation is reduced in plasma of AD patients and mice. CaM acetylation and its target Ca2+ /CaM-dependent kinase II α (CaMKIIα) activity were severely impaired in AD mouse brain. The stoichiometry showed that Ac-K22, K95-CaM acetylation were decreased in AD patients and mice. Moreover, we screened and identified that lysine deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) was the main deacetylase for CaM. In addition, HDAC9 inhibition increased CaM acetylation and CaMKIIα activity, and hippocampus-dependent memory in AD mice. CONCLUSIONS HDAC9-mediated CaM deacetylation induces memory impairment in AD, HDAC9, or CaM acetylation may become potential therapeutic targets for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai‐Long Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Institute of NeuroscienceSuzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Shufen Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Institute of NeuroscienceSuzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Pin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education and Shanghai, School of Life ScienceEast China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Han‐Chun Long
- Department of NeurologyThe Affiliated Xingyi City Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityXingyiChina
| | - Quan‐Hong Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Institute of NeuroscienceSuzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Dong‐Min Yin
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education and Shanghai, School of Life ScienceEast China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Guang‐Yin Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Institute of NeuroscienceSuzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
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14
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Li F, Wu C, Wang G. Targeting NAD Metabolism for the Therapy of Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases. Neurosci Bull 2024; 40:218-240. [PMID: 37253984 PMCID: PMC10838897 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01072-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
As the aging population continues to grow rapidly, age-related diseases are becoming an increasing burden on the healthcare system and a major concern for the well-being of elderly individuals. While aging is an inevitable process for all humans, it can be slowed down and age-related diseases can be treated or alleviated. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a critical coenzyme or cofactor that plays a central role in metabolism and is involved in various cellular processes including the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis, post-translational protein modifications, DNA repair, and immune responses. As individuals age, their NAD levels decline, and this decrease has been suggested to be a contributing factor to the development of numerous age-related diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. In pursuit of healthy aging, researchers have investigated approaches to boost or maintain NAD levels. Here, we provide an overview of NAD metabolism and the role of NAD in age-related diseases and summarize recent progress in the development of strategies that target NAD metabolism for the treatment of age-related diseases, particularly neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Chou Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Gelin Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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15
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Das T, Khatun S, Jha T, Gayen S. HDAC9 as a Privileged Target: Reviewing its Role in Different Diseases and Structure-activity Relationships (SARs) of its Inhibitors. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:767-784. [PMID: 37818566 DOI: 10.2174/0113895575267301230919165827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
HDAC9 is a histone deacetylase enzyme belonging to the class IIa of HDACs which catalyses histone deacetylation. HDAC9 inhibit cell proliferation by repairing DNA, arresting the cell cycle, inducing apoptosis, and altering genetic expression. HDAC9 plays a significant part in human physiological system and are involved in various type of diseases like cancer, diabetes, atherosclerosis and CVD, autoimmune response, inflammatory disease, osteoporosis and liver fibrosis. This review discusses the role of HDAC9 in different diseases and structure-activity relationships (SARs) of various hydroxamate and non-hydroxamate-based inhibitors. SAR of compounds containing several scaffolds have been discussed in detail. Moreover, structural requirements regarding the various components of HDAC9 inhibitor (cap group, linker and zinc-binding group) has been highlighted in this review. Though, HDAC9 is a promising target for the treatment of a number of diseases including cancer, a very few research are available. Thus, this review may provide useful information for designing novel HDAC9 inhibitors to fight against different diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Totan Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Laboratory of Drug Design and Discovery, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Samima Khatun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Laboratory of Drug Design and Discovery, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Tarun Jha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Shovanlal Gayen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Laboratory of Drug Design and Discovery, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
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16
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Liu Q, Hu Y, Jie H, Lu W, Chen Y, Xing X, Tang B, Xu G, Sun J, Liang Y. CircHDAC9 regulates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury via miR-671-5p/SOX4 signaling axis. Am J Med Sci 2024; 367:49-60. [PMID: 37939881 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), a harmful process in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, can cause secondary damage to the cardiac tissues. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are important regulators in a number of cardiac disorders. However, the role of circHDAC9 in myocardial I/R injury has not been clarified. METHODS Human cardiac myocytes (HCMs) were treated with hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) and mice were subjected to I/R. Quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to analyze the expression of circHDAC9, miR-671-5p, and SOX4, and western blot was used to detect SOX4 protein. The binding relationship among circHDAC9, miR-671-5p, and SOX4 was confirmed by RNA pull-down, luciferase, and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. The effects of circHDAC9/miR-671-5p/SOX4 axis on the apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation were evaluated in both myocardial I/R injury models. RESULTS The expression of circHDAC9 and SOX4 was noticeably elevated, whereas miR-671-5p expression was downregulated in both myocardial I/R injury models. circHDAC9 knockdown significantly reduced the apoptosis, activities of caspase-3 and caspase-9, ROS intensity, MDA activity, and concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, but increased the viability and SOD activity in H/R-treated HCMs. Suppression of circHDAC9 dramatically reduced the levels of circHDAC9 and SOX4, while enhanced miR-671-5p expression in H/R-treated HCMs. CircHDAC9 functioned via sponging miR-671-5p to regulate SOX4 expression in vitro. Additionally, silencing of circHDAC9 improved the pathological abnormalities and cardiac dysfunction, and reduced the apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation in mice with myocardial I/R injury. CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of circHDAC9 significantly improved myocardial I/R injury by regulating miR-671-5p/SOX4 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, JiangXi, China
| | - Yanhui Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, JiangXi, China
| | - Huanhuan Jie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, JiangXi, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, JiangXi, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, JiangXi, China
| | - Xianliang Xing
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, JiangXi, China
| | - Binquan Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, JiangXi, China
| | - Guohai Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, JiangXi, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, JiangXi, China
| | - Yingping Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, JiangXi, China.
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17
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Adiga D, Eswaran S, Sriharikrishnaa S, Khan NG, Prasada Kabekkodu S, Kumar D. Epigenetics of Alzheimer’s Disease: Past, Present and Future. ENZYMATIC TARGETS FOR DRUG DISCOVERY AGAINST ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE 2023:27-72. [DOI: 10.2174/9789815136142123010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) exemplifies a looming epidemic lacking effective
treatment and manifests with the accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles, amyloid-β
plaques, neuroinflammation, behavioral changes, and acute cognitive impairments. It is
a complex, multifactorial disorder that arises from the intricate interaction between
environment and genetic factors, restrained via epigenetic machinery. Though the
research progress has improved the understanding of clinical manifestations and
disease advancement, the causal mechanism of detrimental consequences remains
undefined. Despite the substantial improvement in recent diagnostic modalities, it is
challenging to distinguish AD from other forms of dementia. Accurate diagnosis is a
major glitch in AD as it banks on the symptoms and clinical criteria. Several studies are
underway in exploring novel and reliable biomarkers for AD. In this direction,
epigenetic alterations have transpired as key modulators in AD pathogenesis with the
impeding inferences for the management of this neurological disorder. The present
chapter aims to discuss the significance of epigenetic modifications reported in the
pathophysiology of AD such as DNA methylation, hydroxy-methylation, methylation
of mtDNA, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs. Additionally, the chapter also
describes the possible therapeutic avenues that target epigenetic modifications in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Adiga
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy
of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal – 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Sangavi Eswaran
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy
of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal – 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - S. Sriharikrishnaa
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy
of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal – 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Nadeem G. Khan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy
of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal – 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy
of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal – 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Dileep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth
(Deemed to be University), Erandwane, Pune – 411038, Maharashtra, India
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18
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Wang X, Xie J, Tan L, Lu Y, Shen N, Li J, Hu H, Li H, Li X, Cheng L. N6-methyladenosine-modified circRIMS2 mediates synaptic and memory impairments by activating GluN2B ubiquitination in Alzheimer's disease. Transl Neurodegener 2023; 12:53. [PMID: 38012808 PMCID: PMC10683276 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-023-00386-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synaptic degeneration occurs in the early stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD) before devastating symptoms, strongly correlated with cognitive decline. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are abundantly enriched in neural tissues, and aberrant expression of circRNAs precedes AD symptoms, significantly correlated with clinical dementia severity. However, the direct relationship between circRNA dysregulation and synaptic impairment in the early stage of AD remains poorly understood. METHODS Hippocampal whole-transcriptome sequencing was performed to identify dysregulated circRNAs and miRNAs in 4-month-old wild-type and APP/PS1 mice. RNA antisense purification and mass spectrometry were utilized to unveil interactions between circRIMS2 and methyltransferase 3, N6-adenosine-methyltransferase complex catalytic subunit (METTL3). The roles of circRIMS2/miR-3968 in synaptic targeting of UBE2K-mediated ubiquitination of GluN2B subunit of NMDA receptor were evaluated via numerous lentiviruses followed by morphological staining, co-immunoprecipitation and behavioral testing. Further, a membrane-permeable peptide was used to block the ubiquitination of K1082 on GluN2B in AD mice. RESULTS circRIMS2 was significantly upregulated in 4-month-old APP/PS1 mice, which was mediated by METTL3-dependent N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification. Overexpression of circRIMS2 led to synaptic and memory impairments in 4-month-old C57BL/6 mice. MiR-3968/UBE2K was validated as the downstream of circRIMS2. Elevated UBE2K induced synaptic dysfunction of AD through ubiquitinating K1082 on GluN2B. Silencing METTL3 or blocking the ubiquitination of K1082 on GluN2B with a short membrane-permeable peptide remarkably rescued synaptic dysfunction in AD mice. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our study demonstrated that m6A-modified circRIMS2 mediates the synaptic and memory impairments in AD by activating the UBE2K-dependent ubiquitination and degradation of GluN2B via sponging miR-3968, providing novel therapeutic strategies for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Jiazhao Xie
- Departments of Pathophysiology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Lu Tan
- Hepatic Biliary Pancreatic Surgery Department, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Yanjun Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Na Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jiaoyuan Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hui Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Huijun Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiaoguang Li
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Liming Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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19
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Maiese K. Cornerstone Cellular Pathways for Metabolic Disorders and Diabetes Mellitus: Non-Coding RNAs, Wnt Signaling, and AMPK. Cells 2023; 12:2595. [PMID: 37998330 PMCID: PMC10670256 DOI: 10.3390/cells12222595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disorders and diabetes (DM) impact more than five hundred million individuals throughout the world and are insidious in onset, chronic in nature, and yield significant disability and death. Current therapies that address nutritional status, weight management, and pharmacological options may delay disability but cannot alter disease course or functional organ loss, such as dementia and degeneration of systemic bodily functions. Underlying these challenges are the onset of aging disorders associated with increased lifespan, telomere dysfunction, and oxidative stress generation that lead to multi-system dysfunction. These significant hurdles point to the urgent need to address underlying disease mechanisms with innovative applications. New treatment strategies involve non-coding RNA pathways with microRNAs (miRNAs) and circular ribonucleic acids (circRNAs), Wnt signaling, and Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1) that are dependent upon programmed cell death pathways, cellular metabolic pathways with AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and nicotinamide, and growth factor applications. Non-coding RNAs, Wnt signaling, and AMPK are cornerstone mechanisms for overseeing complex metabolic pathways that offer innovative treatment avenues for metabolic disease and DM but will necessitate continued appreciation of the ability of each of these cellular mechanisms to independently and in unison influence clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Maiese
- Cellular and Molecular Signaling, New York, NY 10022, USA
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20
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Piergiorge RM, da Silva Francisco Junior R, de Vasconcelos ATR, Santos-Rebouças CB. Multi-layered transcriptomic analysis reveals a pivotal role of FMR1 and other developmental genes in Alzheimer's disease-associated brain ceRNA network. Comput Biol Med 2023; 166:107494. [PMID: 37769462 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an increasingly neurodegenerative disorder that causes progressive cognitive decline and memory impairment. Despite extensive research, the underlying causes of late-onset AD (LOAD) are still in progress. This study aimed to establish a network of competing regulatory interactions involving circular RNAs (circRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) connected to LOAD. A systematic analysis of publicly available expression data was conducted to identify integrated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from the hippocampus of LOAD patients. Subsequently, gene co-expression analysis identified modules comprising highly expressed DEGs that act cooperatively. The competition between co-expressed DEGs and miRNAs/RBPs and the simultaneous interactions between circRNA and miRNA/RBP revealed a complex ceRNA network responsible for post-transcriptional regulation in LOAD. Hippocampal expression data for miRNAs, circRNAs, and RBPs were used to filter relevant relationships for AD. An integrated topological score was used to identify the highly connected hub gene, from which a brain core ceRNA subnetwork was generated. The Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein 1 (FMR1) coding for the RBP FMRP emerged as the prominent driver gene in this subnetwork. FMRP has been previously related to AD but not in a ceRNA network context. Also, the substantial number of neurodevelopmental genes in the ceRNA subnetwork and their related biological pathways strengthen that AD shares common pathological mechanisms with developmental conditions. Our results enhance the current knowledge about the convergent ceRNA regulatory pathways underlying AD and provide potential targets for identifying early biomarkers and developing novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Mina Piergiorge
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Cíntia Barros Santos-Rebouças
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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21
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Filippenkov IB, Khrunin AV, Mozgovoy IV, Dergunova LV, Limborska SA. Are Ischemic Stroke and Alzheimer's Disease Genetically Consecutive Pathologies? Biomedicines 2023; 11:2727. [PMID: 37893101 PMCID: PMC10604604 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Complex diseases that affect the functioning of the central nervous system pose a major problem for modern society. Among these, ischemic stroke (IS) holds a special place as one of the most common causes of disability and mortality worldwide. Furthermore, Alzheimer's disease (AD) ranks first among neurodegenerative diseases, drastically reducing brain activity and overall life quality and duration. Recent studies have shown that AD and IS share several common risk and pathogenic factors, such as an overlapping genomic architecture and molecular signature. In this review, we will summarize the genomics and RNA biology studies of IS and AD, discussing the interconnected nature of these pathologies. Additionally, we highlight specific genomic points and RNA molecules that can serve as potential tools in predicting the risks of diseases and developing effective therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Svetlana A. Limborska
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Kurchatov Sq. 2, 123182 Moscow, Russia (A.V.K.); (I.V.M.); (L.V.D.)
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22
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Bai Y, Yao HH. Circular RNAs: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Perspectives in CNS Diseases. Curr Med Sci 2023; 43:879-889. [PMID: 37815742 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-023-2784-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of regulatory non-coding RNAs characterized by the presence of covalently closed ends. A growing body of evidence suggests that circRNAs play important roles in physiology and pathology. In particular, accumulating data on circRNA functions in various central nervous system (CNS) diseases and their correlations indicate that circRNAs are critical contributors to the onset and development of brain disorders. In this review, we focus on the regulatory and functional roles of circRNAs in CNS diseases, highlighting their diagnostic and therapeutic potential, with the aim of providing new insights into CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Bai
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Hong-Hong Yao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
- Institute of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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23
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Singh M, Guru A, Murugan R, Gopi M, Arockiaraj J. Circular RNA ciRS-7 signature as a potential biomarker for the early detection of diabetes with Alzheimer's disease: a hypothesis. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:8705-8714. [PMID: 37620738 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08729-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
In the 1970s, Circular RNAs (CircRNAs) were first discovered in RNA viruses as viroids and were initially assumed to be RNA splicing defects. The roles and topologies of these circular RNA loops were later revealed using computer analysis and RNA-sequencing. They were found to demonstrate various functions, including protein scaffolding, parental gene regulation, microRNA sponges, and RNA-protein interactions. CircRNAs play a crucial role in controlling gene expression and are essential for biological development and illness detection, as demonstrated by their roles as miRNA sponges, endogenous RNAs, and potential biomarkers. Insulin resistance is caused by damage to β-cells in the pancreatic islets, which reduces the body's response to the hormone insulin. This reduction in insulin response hinders glucose from entering cells and providing energy for critical processes. As a result, insulin-resistant cells elevate blood sugar levels, leading to diabetes. Diabetes, in turn, increases the risk of heart disease and stroke, which can damage the heart and arteries. Additionally, an excess of insulin can impact the brain's chemical balance, contributing to the development of Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, oxidative stress created by damaged pancreatic cells during high blood sugar conditions may lead to the destruction of brain cells and the onset of Alzheimer's disease. The hypothesis of this review is to provide an overview of the most dominant ciRS-7 circRNA identified in pancreatic islet cell dysfunction and neurologic disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. By considering ciRS-7 circRNA as a potential biomarker for diabetes, early detection and treatment of diabetes may be facilitated, potentially reducing the risk of Alzheimer's disease onset in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahima Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Ajay Guru
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 077, India.
| | - Raghul Murugan
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Muthukaruppan Gopi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
| | - Jesu Arockiaraj
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
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24
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Ayyildiz D, Bergonzoni G, Monziani A, Tripathi T, Döring J, Kerschbamer E, Di Leva F, Pennati E, Donini L, Kovalenko M, Zasso J, Conti L, Wheeler VC, Dieterich C, Piazza S, Dassi E, Biagioli M. CAG repeat expansion in the Huntington's disease gene shapes linear and circular RNAs biogenesis. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010988. [PMID: 37831730 PMCID: PMC10617732 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing (AS) appears to be altered in Huntington's disease (HD), but its significance for early, pre-symptomatic disease stages has not been inspected. Here, taking advantage of Htt CAG knock-in mouse in vitro and in vivo models, we demonstrate a correlation between Htt CAG repeat length and increased aberrant linear AS, specifically affecting neural progenitors and, in vivo, the striatum prior to overt behavioral phenotypes stages. Remarkably, a significant proportion (36%) of the aberrantly spliced isoforms are not-functional and meant to non-sense mediated decay (NMD). The expanded Htt CAG repeats further reflect on a previously neglected, global impairment of back-splicing, leading to decreased circular RNAs production in neural progenitors. Integrative transcriptomic analyses unveil a network of transcriptionally altered micro-RNAs and RNA-binding proteins (Celf, hnRNPs, Ptbp, Srsf, Upf1, Ythd2) which might influence the AS machinery, primarily in neural cells. We suggest that this unbalanced expression of linear and circular RNAs might alter neural fitness, contributing to HD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilara Ayyildiz
- Bioinformatic facility, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
- Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Guendalina Bergonzoni
- NeuroEpigenetics laboratory, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Alan Monziani
- NeuroEpigenetics laboratory, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Takshashila Tripathi
- NeuroEpigenetics laboratory, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Jessica Döring
- NeuroEpigenetics laboratory, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Emanuela Kerschbamer
- NeuroEpigenetics laboratory, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Leva
- NeuroEpigenetics laboratory, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Elia Pennati
- NeuroEpigenetics laboratory, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Luisa Donini
- NeuroEpigenetics laboratory, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Marina Kovalenko
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jacopo Zasso
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Luciano Conti
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Vanessa C. Wheeler
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Neurology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Christoph Dieterich
- Section of Bioinformatics and Systems Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Silvano Piazza
- Bioinformatic facility, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Erik Dassi
- Laboratory of RNA Regulatory Networks, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Marta Biagioli
- NeuroEpigenetics laboratory, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
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25
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Wang J, Zhou F, Xiong CE, Wang GP, Chen LW, Zhang YT, Qi SG, Wang ZH, Mei C, Xu YJ, Zhan JB, Cheng J. Serum sirtuin1: a potential blood biomarker for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:9464-9478. [PMID: 37742223 PMCID: PMC10564418 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sirtuin 1, a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent deacetylase that is highly expressed in the hippocampus and anterior cortex tissues related to Alzheimer's Disease pathology, can cross the blood-brain barrier and is a promising biomarker. METHODS A 1:1:1 case-control study was conducted and serum fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, SIRT1, IL-6, Aβ1-42, T-tau and P-tau-181 levels were evaluated in blood samples of 26 patients form the Alzheimer's Disease group, 26 patients form the mild cognitive impairment group, and 26 individuals form the normal control group. Receiver operator characteristic curves were used to evaluate the diagnostic significance. RESULTS Serum SIRT1 level was significantly down-regulated in the mild cognitive impairment patients and Alzheimer's Disease patients compared with that in the normal control group (P<0.05). ROC curve analysis demonstrated that SIRT1 was a promising biomarker to distinguish Alzheimer's Disease patients from the mild cognitive impairment patients and the normal control group. In addition, SIRT1 was estimated to perform well in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease ([AUC] = 0.742). CONCLUSIONS In summary, the present study suggested that serum SIRT1 might be an early promising diagnostic biomarker for Alzheimer's Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei, China
| | - Fang Zhou
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Chang-E Xiong
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei, China
| | - Gui-Ping Wang
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei, China
| | - Lin-Wanyue Chen
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei, China
| | - Yu-Tong Zhang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Shi-Ge Qi
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Wang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Can Mei
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei, China
| | - Yu-Jia Xu
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei, China
| | - Jian-Bo Zhan
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei, China
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26
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Abidin SZ, Mat Pauzi NA, Mansor NI, Mohd Isa NI, Hamid AA. A new perspective on Alzheimer's disease: microRNAs and circular RNAs. Front Genet 2023; 14:1231486. [PMID: 37790702 PMCID: PMC10542399 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1231486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) play a multifaceted role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). miRNAs regulate several aspects of the disease, such as Aβ metabolism, tau phosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and synaptic function. The dynamic interaction between miRNAs and their target genes depends upon various factors, including the subcellular localization of miRNAs, the relative abundance of miRNAs and target mRNAs, and the affinity of miRNA-mRNA interactions. The miRNAs are released into extracellular fluids and subsequently conveyed to specific target cells through various modes of transportation, such as exosomes. In comparison, circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNA (ncRNA) characterized by their covalently closed continuous loops. In contrast to linear RNA, RNA molecules are circularized by forming covalent bonds between the 3'and 5'ends. CircRNA regulates gene expression through interaction with miRNAs at either the transcriptional or post-transcriptional level, even though their precise functions and mechanisms of gene regulation remain to be elucidated. The current stage of research on miRNA expression profiles for diagnostic purposes in complex disorders such as Alzheimer's disease is still in its early phase, primarily due to the intricate nature of the underlying pathological causes, which encompass a diverse range of pathways and targets. Hence, this review comprehensively addressed the alteration of miRNA expression across diverse sources such as peripheral blood, exosome, cerebrospinal fluid, and brain in AD patients. This review also addresses the nascent involvement of circRNAs in the pathogenesis of AD and their prospective utility as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for these conditions in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahidee Zainal Abidin
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
- Biological Security and Sustainability (BIOSIS) Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Asykin Mat Pauzi
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Nur Izzati Mansor
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Iffah Mohd Isa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Adila A. Hamid
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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27
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Rashidi SK, Kalirad A, Rafie S, Behzad E, Dezfouli MA. The role of microRNAs in neurobiology and pathophysiology of the hippocampus. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1226413. [PMID: 37727513 PMCID: PMC10506409 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1226413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding and well-conserved RNAs that are linked to many aspects of development and disorders. MicroRNAs control the expression of genes related to different biological processes and play a prominent role in the harmonious expression of many genes. During neural development of the central nervous system, miRNAs are regulated in time and space. In the mature brain, the dynamic expression of miRNAs continues, highlighting their functional importance in neurons. The hippocampus, as one of the crucial brain structures, is a key component of major functional connections in brain. Gene expression abnormalities in the hippocampus lead to disturbance in neurogenesis, neural maturation and synaptic formation. These disturbances are at the root of several neurological disorders and behavioral deficits, including Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy and schizophrenia. There is strong evidence that abnormalities in miRNAs are contributed in neurodegenerative mechanisms in the hippocampus through imbalanced activity of ion channels, neuronal excitability, synaptic plasticity and neuronal apoptosis. Some miRNAs affect oxidative stress, inflammation, neural differentiation, migration and neurogenesis in the hippocampus. Furthermore, major signaling cascades in neurodegeneration, such as NF-Kβ signaling, PI3/Akt signaling and Notch pathway, are closely modulated by miRNAs. These observations, suggest that microRNAs are significant regulators in the complicated network of gene regulation in the hippocampus. In the current review, we focus on the miRNA functional role in the progression of normal development and neurogenesis of the hippocampus. We also consider how miRNAs in the hippocampus are crucial for gene expression mechanisms in pathophysiological pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Khalil Rashidi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ata Kalirad
- Department of Integrative Evolutionary Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biology Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Shahram Rafie
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Neuroscience Lab, Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Behzad
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Neuroscience Lab, Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mitra Ansari Dezfouli
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Neuroscience Lab, Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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28
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Singh R, Hussain J, Kaur A, Jamdare BG, Pathak D, Garg K, Kaur R, Shankar S, Sunkaria A. The hidden players: Shedding light on the significance of post-translational modifications and miRNAs in Alzheimer's disease development. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 90:102002. [PMID: 37423542 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent, expensive, lethal, and burdening neurodegenerative disease of this century. The initial stages of this disease are characterized by a reduced ability to encode and store new memories. Subsequent cognitive and behavioral deterioration occurs during the later stages. Abnormal cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) resulting in amyloid-beta (Aβ) accumulation along with hyperphosphorylation of tau protein are the two characteristic hallmarks of AD. Recently, several post-translational modifications (PTMs) have been identified on both Aβ as well as tau proteins. However, a complete understanding of how different PTMs influence the structure and function of proteins in both healthy and diseased conditions is still lacking. It has been speculated that these PTMs might play vital roles in the progression of AD. In addition, several short non-coding microRNA (miRNA) sequences have been found to be deregulated in the peripheral blood of Alzheimer patients. The miRNAs are single-stranded RNAs that control gene expression by causing mRNA degradation, deadenylation, or translational repression and have been implicated in the regulation of several neuronal and glial activities. The lack of comprehensive understanding regarding disease mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic targets greatly hampers the development of effective strategies for early diagnosis and the identification of viable therapeutic targets. Moreover, existing treatment options for managing the disease have proven to be ineffective and provide only temporary relief. Therefore, understanding the role of miRNAs and PTMs in AD can provide valuable insights into disease mechanisms, aid in the identification of biomarkers, facilitate the discovery of novel therapeutic targets, and inspire innovative treatments for this challenging condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Julfequar Hussain
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Amandeep Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Balaji Gokul Jamdare
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Deepti Pathak
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Kanchan Garg
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Ramanpreet Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Shivani Shankar
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Aditya Sunkaria
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India.
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29
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Theron D, Hopkins LN, Sutherland HG, Griffiths LR, Fernandez F. Can Genetic Markers Predict the Sporadic Form of Alzheimer's Disease? An Updated Review on Genetic Peripheral Markers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13480. [PMID: 37686283 PMCID: PMC10488021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia that affects millions of individuals worldwide. Although the research over the last decades has provided new insight into AD pathophysiology, there is currently no cure for the disease. AD is often only diagnosed once the symptoms have become prominent, particularly in the late-onset (sporadic) form of AD. Consequently, it is essential to further new avenues for early diagnosis. With recent advances in genomic analysis and a lower cost of use, the exploration of genetic markers alongside RNA molecules can offer a key avenue for early diagnosis. We have here provided a brief overview of potential genetic markers differentially expressed in peripheral tissues in AD cases compared to controls, as well as considering the changes to the dynamics of RNA molecules. By integrating both genotype and RNA changes reported in AD, biomarker profiling can be key for developing reliable AD diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danelda Theron
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Heath Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Banyo, QLD 4014, Australia;
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia; (L.N.H.); (H.G.S.); (L.R.G.)
| | - Lloyd N. Hopkins
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia; (L.N.H.); (H.G.S.); (L.R.G.)
| | - Heidi G. Sutherland
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia; (L.N.H.); (H.G.S.); (L.R.G.)
| | - Lyn R. Griffiths
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia; (L.N.H.); (H.G.S.); (L.R.G.)
| | - Francesca Fernandez
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Heath Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Banyo, QLD 4014, Australia;
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia; (L.N.H.); (H.G.S.); (L.R.G.)
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30
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Kunze R, Fischer S, Marti HH, Preissner KT. Brain alarm by self-extracellular nucleic acids: from neuroinflammation to neurodegeneration. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:64. [PMID: 37550658 PMCID: PMC10405513 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00954-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological disorders such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, as well as the neurodegenerative diseases Parkinson's or Alzheimer's disease are accompanied or even powered by danger associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), defined as endogenous molecules released from stressed or damaged tissue. Besides protein-related DAMPs or "alarmins", numerous nucleic acid DAMPs exist in body fluids, such as cell-free nuclear and mitochondrial DNA as well as different species of extracellular RNA, collectively termed as self-extracellular nucleic acids (SENAs). Among these, microRNA, long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs and extracellular ribosomal RNA constitute the majority of RNA-based DAMPs. Upon tissue injury, necrosis or apoptosis, such SENAs are released from neuronal, immune and other cells predominantly in association with extracellular vesicles and may be translocated to target cells where they can induce intracellular regulatory pathways in gene transcription and translation. The majority of SENA-induced signaling reactions in the brain appear to be related to neuroinflammatory processes, often causally associated with the onset or progression of the respective disease. In this review, the impact of the diverse types of SENAs on neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases will be discussed. Based on the accumulating knowledge in this field, several specific antagonistic approaches are presented that could serve as therapeutic interventions to lower the pathological outcome of the indicated brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiner Kunze
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 326, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Silvia Fischer
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Hugo H. Marti
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 326, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus T. Preissner
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
- Kerckhoff-Heart-Research-Institute, Department of Cardiology, Medical School, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
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31
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Daws SE, Gillespie A. Circular RNA regulation and function in drug seeking phenotypes. Mol Cell Neurosci 2023; 125:103841. [PMID: 36935046 PMCID: PMC10247439 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2023.103841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug overdoses have increased dramatically in the United States over the last decade where they are now the leading cause of accidental death. To develop efficient therapeutic options for decreasing drug consumption and overdose risk, it is critical to understand the neurobiological changes induced by drug exposure. Chronic systemic exposure to all drug classes, including opioids, psychostimulants, nicotine, cannabis, and alcohol, induces profound molecular neuroadaptations within the central nervous system that may reveal crucial information about the lasting effects that these substances impart on brain cells. Transcriptome analyses of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) have identified gene patterns in the brain that result from exposure to various classes of drugs. However, mRNAs represent only a small fraction of the RNA within the cell, and drug exposure also impacts other classes of RNA that are largely understudied, especially circular RNAs. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a naturally occurring RNA species formed from back-splicing events during mRNA processing and are enriched in the nervous system. circRNAs are a pleiotropic class of RNAs and have a diverse impact on cellular function, with putative functions including regulation of mRNA transcription, protein translation, microRNA sponging, and sequestration of RNA-binding proteins. Recent studies have demonstrated that circRNAs can modulate cognition and are regulated in the brain in response to drug exposure, yet very few studies have explored the contribution of circRNAs to drug seeking phenotypes. In this review, we will provide an overview of the mechanisms of circRNA function in the cell to highlight how drug-induced circRNA dysregulation may impact the molecular substrates that mediate drug seeking behavior and the current studies that have reported drug-induced dysregulation of circRNAs in the brain. Furthermore, we will discuss how principles of circRNA biology can be adapted to study circRNAs in models of drug exposure and seek to provide further insight into the neurobiology of addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie E Daws
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Neural Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Aria Gillespie
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Neural Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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32
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Zhang Z, Huang Y, Guo AY, Yang L. Research progress of circular RNA molecules in aging and age-related diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 87:101913. [PMID: 36934850 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of single-chain endogenous closed circular RNAs that do not have a poly(A) tail at the 3' end and a cap structure at the 5' end and are connected end-to-end by covalent bonds. CircRNAs, which are pervasive, diverse, stable, and conversed, have functions in transcriptional control and protein translation and play vital roles in modulating cell senescence, individual aging, as well as the occurrence and development of age-related diseases. Studies in recent years were reviewed from aspects including the biosynthesis mechanisms, classification, expression, biomedical functions, associations with aging and age-related diseases, and potential clinical applications of circRNAs. It will provide the theoretic basis for exploring the molecular biological mechanisms of aging, using circRNA as the therapeutic target to delay aging, and finding therapeutic strategies to prevent and treat age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidan Zhang
- Departments of Infectious Disease, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Yuling Huang
- Departments of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - AYao Guo
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China.
| | - Lina Yang
- Departments of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China.
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Wang J, Cheng C, Liu Z, Lin Y, Yang L, Zhang Z, Sun X, Zhou M, Jing P, Zhong Z. Inhibition of A1 Astrocytes and Activation of A2 Astrocytes for the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:767-780. [PMID: 36418652 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03820-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious injury to the central nervous system that causes significant physical and psychological trauma to the patient. SCI includes primary spinal cord injuries and secondary spinal cord injuries. The secondary injury refers to the pathological process or reaction after the primary injury. Although SCI has always been thought to be an incurable injury, the human nerve has the ability to repair itself after an injury. However, the reparability is limited because glial scar formation impedes functional recovery. There is a type of astrocyte that can differentiate into two forms of reactive astrocytes known as 'A1' and 'A2' astrocytes. A1 astrocytes release cytotoxic chemicals that cause neurons and oligodendrocytes to die and perform a harmful role. A2 astrocytes can produce neurotrophic factors and act as neuroprotectors. This article discusses ways to block A1 astrocytes while stimulating A2 astrocytes to formulate a new treatment for spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Cai Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhongbing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Lingling Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Zijun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoduan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Meiling Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Pei Jing
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Zhirong Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
- Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
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Urdánoz-Casado A, Sánchez-Ruiz de Gordoa J, Robles M, Roldan M, Macías Conde M, Acha B, Blanco-Luquin I, Mendioroz M. circRNA from APP Gene Changes in Alzheimer's Disease Human Brain. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054308. [PMID: 36901741 PMCID: PMC10002054 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of age-related dementia. Amyloid precursor protein (APP) is the precursor of Aβ peptides, and its role in AD has been widely investigated. Recently, it has been reported that a circular RNA (circRNA) originated from APP gene can serve as a template for Aβ synthesis, postulating it as an alternative pathway for the Aβ biogenesis. Moreover, circRNAs play important roles in brain development and in neurological diseases. Therefore, our aim was to study the expression of a circAPP (hsa_circ_0007556) and its linear cognate in AD human entorhinal cortex, a brain region most vulnerable to AD pathology. First, we confirmed the presence of circAPP (hsa_circ_0007556) in human entorhinal cortex samples using RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing of PCR products. Next, a 0.49-fold decrease in circAPP (hsa_circ_0007556) levels was observed in entorhinal cortex of AD cases compared to controls (p-value < 0.05) by qPCR. In contrast, APP mRNA expression did not show changes in the entorhinal cortex between AD cases and controls (Fold-change = 1.06; p-value = 0.81). A negative correlation was found between Aβ deposits and circAPP (hsa_circ_0007556) and APP expression levels (Rho Spearman = -0.56, p-value < 0.001 and Rho Spearman = -0.44, p-values < 0.001, respectively). Finally, by using bioinformatics tools, 17 miRNAs were predicted to bind circAPP (hsa_circ_0007556), and the functional analysis predicted that they were involved in some pathways, such as the Wnt-signaling pathway (p = 3.32 × 10-6). Long-term potentiation (p = 2.86 × 10-5), among others, is known to be altered in AD. To sum up, we show that circAPP (hsa_circ_0007556) is deregulated in the entorhinal cortex of AD patients. These results add to the notion that circAPP (hsa_circ_0007556) could be playing a role in the pathogenesis of AD disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaya Urdánoz-Casado
- Neuroepigenetics Laboratory-Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, 31008 Navarra, Spain
| | - Javier Sánchez-Ruiz de Gordoa
- Neuroepigenetics Laboratory-Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, 31008 Navarra, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Pamplona, 31008 Navarra, Spain
| | - Maitane Robles
- Neuroepigenetics Laboratory-Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, 31008 Navarra, Spain
| | - Miren Roldan
- Neuroepigenetics Laboratory-Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, 31008 Navarra, Spain
| | - Mónica Macías Conde
- Neuroepigenetics Laboratory-Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, 31008 Navarra, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Pamplona, 31008 Navarra, Spain
| | - Blanca Acha
- Neuroepigenetics Laboratory-Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, 31008 Navarra, Spain
| | - Idoia Blanco-Luquin
- Neuroepigenetics Laboratory-Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, 31008 Navarra, Spain
| | - Maite Mendioroz
- Neuroepigenetics Laboratory-Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, 31008 Navarra, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Pamplona, 31008 Navarra, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-848422677
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Common Genetic Factors and Pathways in Alzheimer's Disease and Ischemic Stroke: Evidences from GWAS. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14020353. [PMID: 36833280 PMCID: PMC9957001 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and ischemic stroke (IS) are common neurological disorders, and the comorbidity of these two brain diseases is often seen. Although AD and IS were regarded as two distinct disease entities, in terms of different etiologies and clinical presentation, recent genome-wide association studies (GWASs) revealed that there were common risk genes between AD and IS, indicating common molecular pathways and their common pathophysiology. In this review, we summarize AD and IS risk single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and their representative genes from the GWAS Catalog database, and find thirteen common risk genes, but no common risk SNPs. Furthermore, the common molecular pathways associated with these risk gene products are summarized from the GeneCards database and clustered into inflammation and immunity, G protein-coupled receptor, and signal transduction. At least seven of these thirteen genes can be regulated by 23 microRNAs identified from the TargetScan database. Taken together, the imbalance of these molecular pathways may give rise to these two common brain disorders. This review sheds light on the pathogenesis of comorbidity of AD and IS, and provides molecular targets for disease prevention, manipulation, and brain health maintenance.
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Non-coding RNAs as key players in the neurodegenerative diseases: Multi-platform strategies and approaches for exploring the Genome's dark matter. J Chem Neuroanat 2023; 129:102236. [PMID: 36709005 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2023.102236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A growing amount of evidence in the last few years has begun to unravel that non-coding RNAs have a myriad of functions in gene regulation. Intensive investigation on non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) has led to exploring their broad role in neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) owing to their regulatory role in gene expression. RNA sequencing technologies and transcriptome analysis has unveiled significant dysregulation of ncRNAs attributed to their biogenesis, upregulation, downregulation, aberrant epigenetic regulation, and abnormal transcription. Despite these advances, the understanding of their potential as therapeutic targets and biomarkers underpinning detailed mechanisms is still unknown. Advancements in bioinformatics and molecular technologies have improved our knowledge of the dark matter of the genome in terms of recognition and functional validation. This review aims to shed light on ncRNAs biogenesis, function, and potential role in NDs. Further deepening of their role is provided through a focus on the most recent platforms, experimental approaches, and computational analysis to investigate ncRNAs. Furthermore, this review summarizes and evaluates well-studied miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs concerning their potential role in pathogenesis and use as biomarkers in NDs. Finally, a perspective on the main challenges and novel methods for the future and broad therapeutic use of ncRNAs is offered.
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Basri R, Awan FM, Yang BB, Awan UA, Obaid A, Naz A, Ikram A, Khan S, Haq IU, Khan SN, Aqeel MB. Brain-protective mechanisms of autophagy associated circRNAs: Kick starting self-cleaning mode in brain cells via circRNAs as a potential therapeutic approach for neurodegenerative diseases. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 15:1078441. [PMID: 36727091 PMCID: PMC9885805 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1078441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered autophagy is a hallmark of neurodegeneration but how autophagy is regulated in the brain and dysfunctional autophagy leads to neuronal death has remained cryptic. Being a key cellular waste-recycling and housekeeping system, autophagy is implicated in a range of brain disorders and altering autophagy flux could be an effective therapeutic strategy and has the potential for clinical applications down the road. Tight regulation of proteins and organelles in order to meet the needs of complex neuronal physiology suggests that there is distinct regulatory pattern of neuronal autophagy as compared to non-neuronal cells and nervous system might have its own separate regulator of autophagy. Evidence has shown that circRNAs participates in the biological processes of autophagosome assembly. The regulatory networks between circRNAs, autophagy, and neurodegeneration remains unknown and warrants further investigation. Understanding the interplay between autophagy, circRNAs and neurodegeneration requires a knowledge of the multiple steps and regulatory interactions involved in the autophagy pathway which might provide a valuable resource for the diagnosis and therapy of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we aimed to summarize the latest studies on the role of brain-protective mechanisms of autophagy associated circRNAs in neurodegenerative diseases (including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Spinal Muscular Atrophy, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, and Friedreich's ataxia) and how this knowledge can be leveraged for the development of novel therapeutics against them. Autophagy stimulation might be potential one-size-fits-all therapy for neurodegenerative disease as per considerable body of evidence, therefore future research on brain-protective mechanisms of autophagy associated circRNAs will illuminate an important feature of nervous system biology and will open the door to new approaches for treating neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabea Basri
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, The University of Haripur (UOH), Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Faryal Mehwish Awan
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, The University of Haripur (UOH), Haripur, Pakistan,*Correspondence: Faryal Mehwish Awan, ✉ ;
| | - Burton B. Yang
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Usman Ayub Awan
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, The University of Haripur (UOH), Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Obaid
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, The University of Haripur (UOH), Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Anam Naz
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore (UOL), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Ikram
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore (UOL), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Suliman Khan
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, The University of Haripur (UOH), Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Ijaz ul Haq
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, The University of Haripur (UOH), Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Sadiq Noor Khan
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, The University of Haripur (UOH), Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Muslim Bin Aqeel
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, The University of Haripur (UOH), Haripur, Pakistan
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Kabir F, Atkinson R, Cook AL, Phipps AJ, King AE. The role of altered protein acetylation in neurodegenerative disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 14:1025473. [PMID: 36688174 PMCID: PMC9845957 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1025473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetylation is a key post-translational modification (PTM) involved in the regulation of both histone and non-histone proteins. It controls cellular processes such as DNA transcription, RNA modifications, proteostasis, aging, autophagy, regulation of cytoskeletal structures, and metabolism. Acetylation is essential to maintain neuronal plasticity and therefore essential for memory and learning. Homeostasis of acetylation is maintained through the activities of histone acetyltransferases (HAT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes, with alterations to these tightly regulated processes reported in several neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Both hyperacetylation and hypoacetylation can impair neuronal physiological homeostasis and increase the accumulation of pathophysiological proteins such as tau, α-synuclein, and Huntingtin protein implicated in AD, PD, and HD, respectively. Additionally, dysregulation of acetylation is linked to impaired axonal transport, a key pathological mechanism in ALS. This review article will discuss the physiological roles of protein acetylation and examine the current literature that describes altered protein acetylation in neurodegenerative disorders.
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Wu DP, Zhao YD, Yan QQ, Liu LL, Wei YS, Huang JL. Circular RNAs: emerging players in brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases. J Pathol 2023; 259:1-9. [PMID: 36264226 DOI: 10.1002/path.6021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Brain aging is closely related to neurodegenerative diseases. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a type of conserved RNAs with covalently closed continuous loops. Emerging evidence has shown that circRNAs are implicated in the biology of brain aging and the pathology of age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we summarize current studies on circRNAs associated with brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases by discussing their expression features, pathophysiological roles, and mechanisms of action. We also discuss the potential challenges of circRNA-based therapy against brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases, as well as their potential as diagnostic biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases. The review provides insights into current progress in the functions of circRNAs in the process of brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases. © 2022 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng-Pan Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China.,Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yuan-Dan Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Qiu-Qing Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ling-Ling Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yan-Su Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jin-Lan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China.,Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
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Maiese K. The Metabolic Basis for Nervous System Dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, and Huntington's Disease. Curr Neurovasc Res 2023; 20:314-333. [PMID: 37488757 PMCID: PMC10528135 DOI: 10.2174/1567202620666230721122957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Disorders of metabolism affect multiple systems throughout the body but may have the greatest impact on both central and peripheral nervous systems. Currently available treatments and behavior changes for disorders that include diabetes mellitus (DM) and nervous system diseases are limited and cannot reverse the disease burden. Greater access to healthcare and a longer lifespan have led to an increased prevalence of metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders. In light of these challenges, innovative studies into the underlying disease pathways offer new treatment perspectives for Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, and Huntington's Disease. Metabolic disorders are intimately tied to neurodegenerative diseases and can lead to debilitating outcomes, such as multi-nervous system disease, susceptibility to viral pathogens, and long-term cognitive disability. Novel strategies that can robustly address metabolic disease and neurodegenerative disorders involve a careful consideration of cellular metabolism, programmed cell death pathways, the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) and its associated pathways of mTOR Complex 1 (mTORC1), mTOR Complex 2 (mTORC2), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), growth factor signaling, and underlying risk factors such as the apolipoprotein E (APOE-ε4) gene. Yet, these complex pathways necessitate comprehensive understanding to achieve clinical outcomes that target disease susceptibility, onset, and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Maiese
- Cellular and Molecular Signaling, New York, New York 10022
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Li N, Zhang D, Guo H, Yang Q, Li P, He Y. Inhibition of circ_0004381 improves cognitive function via miR-647/PSEN1 axis in an Alzheimer disease mouse model. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2022; 82:84-92. [PMID: 36409993 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlac108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Circ_0004381 promotes neuronal damage in Parkinson disease, but its role in Alzheimer disease (AD) is unreported. The goal of this study was to investigate the role and potential mechanisms of circ_0004381 effects in AD models. Primary hippocampal neurons were treated with amyloid-β (Aβ1-42) to construct AD cell models. We found that circ_0004381 was upregulated in Aβ1-42-treated hippocampal neurons. Knockdown of circ_0004381 attenuated Aβ1-42-induced apoptosis, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction in hippocampal neurons. Next, we induced microglia activation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The results of flow cytometry experiments showed that knockdown of circ_0004381 promoted microglial M2-type polarization and knockdown of circ_0004381 inhibited the production of inflammatory factors by microglia. Furthermore, knockdown of circ_0004381 improved cognitive function of male APPswe/PS1dE9 transgenic mice. Mechanistically, circ_0004381 regulated presenilin-1 (PSEN1) expression by absorbing miR-647. MiR-647 inhibition attenuated the effects of circ_0004381 knockdown. In conclusion, knockdown of circ_0004381 attenuated hippocampal neuronal damage and promoted microglia M2-type polarization through the miR-647/PSEN1 axis, ultimately improving cognitive function in AD model mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nini Li
- Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, 521 Hospital of NORINCO Group, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hena Guo
- Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yifan He
- Graduate School, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Lin W, Liu Y, Zhou Y, Lin M, Liu C, Tang Y, Wu B, Lin C. Methyltransferase-like 3 modulates visceral hypersensitivity through regulating the nuclear export of circKcnk9 in YTHDC1-dependent manner. Mol Pain 2022; 18:17448069221144540. [PMID: 36443649 PMCID: PMC9730012 DOI: 10.1177/17448069221144540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Accumulating evidence shows that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modulators contribute to the process of chronic pain. However, the exact mechanisms of m6A writers involved in visceral hypersensitivity of Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) remain unclear. This article aimed to reveal a new mechanism for the progression of IBS. Methods: The IBS-like model was established by neonatal colorectal distention (CRD). The relationship between m6A and circKcnk9 was analyzed by bioinformatics, immunofluorescence and RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assays. Visceral hypersensitivity was assessed based on the electromyography (EMG) response of the abdominal external oblique muscle to CRD. In vivo and in vitro studies (including EMG stereotactic infusion, Western blot and qRT-PCR) were utilized to explore the biological functions of related indicators. The bioinformatics, RIP experiments and RNA pull-down assays were used to explore the potential molecular mechanisms. Results: We identified that neonatal CRD increased the level of the m6A via methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) in the hippocampal neurons. Subsequently, knockdown of METTL3 could alleviate visceral hypersensitivity in IBS-like rats. By contrast, overexpression of METTL3 could induce visceral hypersensitivity and activate hippocampal neurons in control rats. Moreover, YTHDC1, the only m6A-associated protein predicted by bioinformatics to bind to circKcnk9, modulated visceral hypersensitivity through regulating the nuclear export of circKcnk9 in an m6A-dependent manner. Notably, FISH data suggested that the increased nuclear staining of circKcnk9 caused by siYTHDC1 could be recovered by overexpression of YTHDC1 wild type (WT) but not YTHDC1 negative control (NC) in PC12 cells. Conclusions: Our findings reveal a new regulatory mechanism in progress of IBS, that is, METTL3 modulates visceral hypersensitivity through regulating the nuclear export of circKcnk9 in YTHDC1-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lin
- Pain Research Institute, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Pain Research Institute, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China,Cancer Research Center Nantong, the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yifei Zhou
- Pain Research Institute, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mengying Lin
- Pain Research Institute, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Congxu Liu
- Pain Research Institute, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Pain Research Institute, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China,Ying Tang, Pain Research Institute, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China,Bin Wu, Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China.
| | - Chun Lin
- Pain Research Institute, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China,Chun Lin, Pain Research Institute, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
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He L, Zhang F, Zhu Y, Lu M. A crosstalk between circular RNA, microRNA, and messenger RNA in the development of various brain cognitive disorders. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:960657. [PMID: 36329693 PMCID: PMC9622787 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.960657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), traumatic brain injury (TBI), stroke, and postoperative neurocognitive disorder (POND) are commonly faced with neurocognitive disorders with limited therapeutic options. Some non-coding ribonucleic acids (ncRNAs) are involved in the development of various brain cognitive disorders. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a typical group of ncRNAs, can function as competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) to dysregulate shared microRNAs (miRNAs) at post-transcription level, inhibiting regulation of miRNAs on their targeted messenger RNAs (mRNAs). circRNAs are abundant in central nervous system (CNS) diseases and cause brain disorders, but the exact roles of circRNAs are unclear. The crosstalk between circRNA, miRNA, and mRNA plays an important role in the pathogenesis of these neurocognitive dysfunction diseases and abnormal conditions including AD, PD, stroke, TBI, and POND. In this review, we summarized the participation of circRNA in neuroglial damage and inflammation. Finally, we aimed to highlight the regulatory mechanisms of circRNA–miRNA–mRNA networks in the development of various brain cognitive disorders and provide new insights into the therapeutics of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yan'an Hospital of Kunming City, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Liang He
| | - Furong Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yan'an Hospital of Kunming City, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuling Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yan'an Hospital of Kunming City, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Meilin Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Meilin Lu
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Vakili O, Asili P, Babaei Z, Mirahmad M, Keshavarzmotamed A, Asemi Z, Mafi A. Circular RNAs in Alzheimer's Disease: A New Perspective of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Targets. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2022; 22:CNSNDDT-EPUB-125997. [PMID: 36043720 DOI: 10.2174/1871527321666220829164211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs), as covalently closed single-stranded noncoding RNA molecules, have been recently identified to involve in several biological processes, principally through targeting microRNAs. Among various neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), accumulating evidence has proposed key roles for circRNAs in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD); although the exact relationship between these RNA molecules and AD progression is not clear, they have been believed to mostly act as miRNA sponges or gene transcription modulators through correlating with multiple proteins, involved in the accumulation of Amyloid β (Aβ) peptides, as well as tau protein, as AD's pathological hallmark. More interestingly, circRNAs have also been reported to play diagnostic and therapeutic roles during AD progression. OBJECTIVE Literature review indicated that circRNAs could essentially contribute to the onset and development of AD. Thus, in the current review, the circRNAs' biogenesis and functions are addressed at first, and then the interplay between particular circRNAs and AD is comprehensively discussed. Eventually, the diagnostic and therapeutic significance of these noncoding RNAs is highlighted in brief. RESULTS A large number of circRNAs are expressed in the brain. Thereby, these RNA molecules are noticed as potential regulators of neural functions in healthy circumstances, as well as neurological disorders. Moreover, circRNAs have also been reported to have potential diagnostic and therapeutic capacities in relation to AD, the most prevalent ND. CONCLUSION CircRNAs have been shown to act as sponges for miRNAs, thereby regulating the function of related miRNAs, including oxidative stress, reduction of neuroinflammation, and the formation and metabolism of Aβ, all of which developed in AD. CircRNAs have also been proposed as biomarkers that have potential diagnostic capacities in AD. Despite these characteristics, the use of circRNAs as therapeutic targets and promising diagnostic biomarkers will require further investigation and characterization of the function of these RNA molecules in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Vakili
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Pooria Asili
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Babaei
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Mirahmad
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Alireza Mafi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Liu C, Gao R, Tang Y, Chen H, Zhang X, Sun Y, Zhao Q, Lv P, Wang H, Ye-Lehmann S, Liu J, Chen C. Identification of potential key circular RNAs related to cognitive impairment after chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:925300. [PMID: 36061613 PMCID: PMC9433970 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.925300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic neuropathic pain is commonly accompanied by cognitive impairment. However, the underlying mechanism in the occurrence of cognitive deficits under constant nociceptive irritation remains elusive. Herein, we established a chronic neuropathic pain model by chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the unilateral sciatic nerve in rats. Behavioral tests indicated that CCI rats with long-term nociceptive threshold decline developed significant dysfunction of working memory and recognitive memory starting at 14 days and lasting for at least 21 days. Afterward, circRNA expression profiles in the hippocampus of CCI and sham rats were analyzed via high-throughput sequencing to explore the potential key factors associated with cognitive impairment induced by ongoing nociception, which showed 76 differentially expressed circRNAs, 39 upregulated and 37 downregulated, in the CCI group. These differentially expressed circRNA host genes were validated to be primarily associated with inflammation and apoptotic signaling pathways according to GO/KEGG analysis and the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network, which was also confirmed through the analysis of neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis. Consequently, we assumed that enhanced neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis might act as potential regulators of cognitive impairment induced by chronic neuropathic pain. The identification of the regulatory mechanism would provide promising clinical biomarkers or therapeutic targets in the diagnostic prediction and intervention treatment of memory deficits under neuropathic pain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changliang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Yidan Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Hai Chen
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Yalan Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Peilin Lv
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shixin Ye-Lehmann
- Unité INSERM U1195, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Chan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Chan Chen, ,
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Shen J, Han Q, Li W, Chen X, Lu J, Zheng J, Xue S. miR-383-5p Regulated by the Transcription Factor CTCF Affects Neuronal Impairment in Cerebral Ischemia by Mediating Deacetylase HDAC9 Activity. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:6307-6320. [PMID: 35927544 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02840-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Stroke, the leading cause of long-term disability worldwide, is caused by the blockage or hemorage of cerebral arteries. The resultant cerebral ischemia causes local neuronal death and brain injury. Histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) has been reported to be elevated in ischemic brain injury, but its mechanism in stroke is still enigmatic. The present study aimed to unveil the manner of regulation of HDAC9 expression and the effect of HDAC9 activation on neuronal function in cerebral ischemia. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) targeting HDAC9 were predicted utilizing bioinformatics analysis. We then constructed the oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) cell model and the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model, and elucidated the expression of CCCTC binding factor (CTCF)/miR-383-5p/HDAC9. Targeting between miR-383-5p and HDAC9 was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNAi. After conducting an overexpression/knockdown assay, we assessed neuronal impairment and brain injury. We found that CTCF inhibited miR-383-5p expression via its enrichment in the promoter region of miR-383-5p, whereas the miR-383-5p targeted and inhibited HDAC9 expression. In the OGD model and the MCAO model, we confirmed that elevation of HDAC9 regulated by the CTCF/miR-383-5p/HDAC9 pathway mediated apoptosis induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress, while reduction of HDAC9 alleviated apoptosis and the symptoms of cerebral infarction in MCAO rats. Thus, the CTCF/miR-383-5p/HDAC9 pathway may present a target for drug development against ischemic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.188, Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006, People's Republic of China
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University & The Second People's Hospital of Huai'an, Huai'an, 223302, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu Han
- Department of Neurology, Huai'an First People's Hospital & The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, 223300, People's Republic of China
| | - Wangjun Li
- Department of Neurology, Changshu No. 2 People's Hospital (The 5th Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University), Changshu, 215501, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochang Chen
- Department of Neurology, Hongze Huai'an District People's Hospital, No. 102, Huai'an, 223100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingmin Lu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University & The Second People's Hospital of Huai'an, Huai'an, 223302, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyu Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University & The Second People's Hospital of Huai'an, Huai'an, 223302, People's Republic of China
| | - Shouru Xue
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.188, Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006, People's Republic of China.
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Shen X, He Y, Ge C. Role of circRNA in pathogenesis of Alzheimer 's disease. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 47:960-966. [PMID: 36039594 PMCID: PMC10930285 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2022.210729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) is a covalently closed-loop non-coding RNA that exists widely in the transcriptome of eukaryotic cells. It participates in a variety of pathophysiological processes by acting as a microRNA sponge, regulating the level of protein transcription, and interacting with RNA binding proteins. CircRNA is enriched in the cortex, hippocampus, brain white matter, and photoreceptor neurons of aging bodies, and they can be used as a biomarker for neural senescence. The expression levels of circRNA in peripheral blood and synapses in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients are increased, which are involved in the occurrence and prognosis of AD. Different circRNAs such as HDAC9, Homer1, Cwc27, Tulp4, and PTK2 can lead to AD pathological changes via increasing amyloid-β deposition, promoting tau protein hyperphosphorylation, aggravating neuroinflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction, which result in the cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyang Shen
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China.
| | - Yaling He
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Chaoming Ge
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China.
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48
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Liu Y, Cheng X, Li H, Hui S, Zhang Z, Xiao Y, Peng W. Non-Coding RNAs as Novel Regulators of Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:908076. [PMID: 35720333 PMCID: PMC9201920 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.908076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most common causes of dementia. Although significant breakthroughs have been made in understanding the progression and pathogenesis of AD, it remains a worldwide problem and a significant public health burden. Thus, more efficient diagnostic and therapeutic strategies are urgently required. The latest research studies have revealed that neuroinflammation is crucial in the pathogenesis of AD. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), and transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs), have been strongly associated with AD-induced neuroinflammation. Furthermore, several ongoing pre-clinical studies are currently investigating ncRNA as disease biomarkers and therapeutic interventions to provide new perspectives for AD diagnosis and treatment. In this review, the role of different types of ncRNAs in neuroinflammation during AD are summarized in order to improve our understanding of AD etiology and aid in the translation of basic research into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorder, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorder, Changsha, China
| | - Hongli Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorder, Changsha, China
| | - Shan Hui
- Department of Geratology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zheyu Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorder, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weijun Peng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorder, Changsha, China
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49
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Fan C, Lei X, Tie J, Zhang Y, Wu FX, Pan Y. CircR2Disease v2.0: An Updated Web Server for Experimentally Validated circRNA-disease Associations and Its Application. GENOMICS, PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2022; 20:435-445. [PMID: 34856391 PMCID: PMC9801044 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
With accumulating dysregulated circular RNAs (circRNAs) in pathological processes, the regulatory functions of circRNAs, especially circRNAs as microRNA (miRNA) sponges and their interactions with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), have been widely validated. However, the collected information on experimentally validated circRNA-disease associations is only preliminary. Therefore, an updated CircR2Disease database providing a comprehensive resource and web tool to clarify the relationships between circRNAs and diseases in diverse species is necessary. Here, we present an updated CircR2Disease v2.0 with the increased number of circRNA-disease associations and novel characteristics. CircR2Disease v2.0 provides more than 5-fold experimentally validated circRNA-disease associations compared to its previous version. This version includes 4201 entries between 3077 circRNAs and 312 disease subtypes. Secondly, the information of circRNA-miRNA, circRNA-miRNA-target, and circRNA-RBP interactions has been manually collected for various diseases. Thirdly, the gene symbols of circRNAs and disease name IDs can be linked with various nomenclature databases. Detailed descriptions such as samples and journals have also been integrated into the updated version. Thus, CircR2Disease v2.0 can serve as a platform for users to systematically investigate the roles of dysregulated circRNAs in various diseases and further explore the posttranscriptional regulatory function in diseases. Finally, we propose a computational method named circDis based on the graph convolutional network (GCN) and gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) to illustrate the applications of the CircR2Disease v2.0 database. CircR2Disease v2.0 is available at http://bioinfo.snnu.edu.cn/CircR2Disease_v2.0 and https://github.com/bioinforlab/CircR2Disease-v2.0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Fan
- School of Computer Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
| | - Xiujuan Lei
- School of Computer Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China,Corresponding authors.
| | - Jiaojiao Tie
- School of Computer Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- School of Computer Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
| | - Fang-Xiang Wu
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada,Corresponding authors.
| | - Yi Pan
- Department of Computer Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA,Corresponding authors.
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50
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Lin Y, Qiu T, Wei G, Que Y, Wang W, Kong Y, Xie T, Chen X. Role of Histone Post-Translational Modifications in Inflammatory Diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:852272. [PMID: 35280995 PMCID: PMC8908311 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.852272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a defensive reaction for external stimuli to the human body and generally accompanied by immune responses, which is associated with multiple diseases such as atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, psoriasis, asthma, chronic lung diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, and multiple virus-associated diseases. Epigenetic mechanisms have been demonstrated to play a key role in the regulation of inflammation. Common epigenetic regulations are DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA expression; among these, histone modifications embrace various post-modifications including acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and ADP ribosylation. This review focuses on the significant role of histone modifications in the progression of inflammatory diseases, providing the potential target for clinical therapy of inflammation-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guifeng Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yueyue Que
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenxin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yichao Kong
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tian Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiabin Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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