1
|
Kumar N, Bhagwat P, Singh S, Pillai S. A review on the diversity of antimicrobial peptides and genome mining strategies for their prediction. Biochimie 2024:S0300-9084(24)00157-3. [PMID: 38944107 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance has become one of the most serious threats to human health in recent years. In response to the increasing microbial resistance to the antibiotics currently available, it is imperative to develop new antibiotics or explore new approaches to combat antibiotic resistance. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have shown considerable promise in this regard, as the microbes develop low or no resistance against them. The discovery and development of AMPs still confront numerous obstacles such as finding a target, developing assays, and identifying hits and leads, which are time-consuming processes, making it difficult to reach the market. However, with the advent of genome mining, new antibiotics could be discovered efficiently using tools such as BAGEL, antiSMASH, RODEO, etc., providing hope for better treatment of diseases in the future. Computational methods used in genome mining automatically detect and annotate biosynthetic gene clusters in genomic data, making it a useful tool in natural product discovery. This review aims to shed light on the history, diversity, and mechanisms of action of AMPs and the data on new AMPs identified by traditional as well as genome mining strategies. It further substantiates the various phases of clinical trials for some AMPs, as well as an overview of genome mining databases and tools built expressly for AMP discovery. In light of the recent advancements, it is evident that targeted genome mining stands as a beacon of hope, offering immense potential to expedite the discovery of novel antimicrobials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P O Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
| | - Prashant Bhagwat
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P O Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
| | - Suren Singh
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P O Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
| | - Santhosh Pillai
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P O Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
P AP, V AM, V AV, K A, S N, S MM, Singh ISB, Philip R. A Novel Beta-Defensin Isoform from Malabar Trevally, Carangoides malabaricus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801), an Arsenal Against Fish Bacterial Pathogens: Molecular Characterization, Recombinant Production, and Mechanism of Action. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024:10.1007/s10126-024-10338-4. [PMID: 38922559 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-024-10338-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), including beta-defensin from fish, are a crucial class of peptide medicines. The focus of the current study is the molecular and functional attributes of CmDef, a 63-amino acid beta-defensin AMP from Malabar trevally, Carangoides malabaricus. This peptide demonstrated typical characteristics of AMPs, including hydrophobicity, amphipathic nature, and +2.8 net charge. The CmDef was recombinantly expressed and the recombinant peptide, rCmDef displayed a strong antimicrobial activity against bacterial fish pathogens with an MIC of 8 µM for V. proteolyticus and 32 µM for A. hydrophila. The E. tarda and V. harveyi showed an inhibition of 94% and 54%, respectively, at 32 µM concentration. No activity was observed against V. fluvialis and V. alginolyticus. The rCmDef has a multimode of action that exerts an antibacterial effect by membrane depolarization followed by membrane permeabilization and ROS production. rCmDef also exhibited anti-cancer activities in silico without causing hemolysis. The peptide demonstrated stability under various conditions, including different pH levels, temperatures, salts, and metal ions (KCl and CaCl2), and remained stable in the presence of proteases such as trypsin and proteinase K at concentrations up to 0.2 µg/100 µl. The strong antibacterial efficacy and non-cytotoxic nature suggest that rCmDef is a single-edged sword that can contribute significantly to aquaculture disease management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Athira P P
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi, Kerala, 682016, India
| | - Anju M V
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi, Kerala, 682016, India
| | - Anooja V V
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi, Kerala, 682016, India
| | - Archana K
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi, Kerala, 682016, India
| | - Neelima S
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi, Kerala, 682016, India
| | - Muhammed Musthafa S
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi, Kerala, 682016, India
| | - I S Bright Singh
- National Centre for Aquatic Animal Health, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi, Kerala, 682016, India
| | - Rosamma Philip
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi, Kerala, 682016, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu Z, Wang Y, Zhang C, Yang Y, Zhang J. Engineering Short Antimicrobial Peptides to Specifically Target Fusobacterium nucleatum in the Mixed Microbial Population. ACS Infect Dis 2024. [PMID: 38922179 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are becoming next-generation alternative antibacterial agents because of the rapid increase in resistance in bacteria against existing antibiotics, which can also be attributed to the formation of resilient biofilms. However, their widespread use is limited because of their poor absorption, higher dosage requirements, and delayed onset of the bioactivity to elicit a desired response. Here we developed a short AMP that specifically targeted Fusobacterium nucleatum. We conjugated 23R to a statherin-derived peptide (SDP) through rational design; this conjugate binds to FomA, a major porin protein of F. nucleatum. The SDP-tagged 23R exhibited rapid and highly specific bactericidal efficacy against F. nucleatum. Further, IC50 values were in the nanomolar range, and they were 100-fold lower than those obtained with unconjugated 23R. In a human gut microbiota model, 0.1 nM SDP-23R achieved 99% clearance of F. nucleatum ATCC 25586 without markedly altering resident microbiota. Here we demonstrated that binding-peptide-coupled AMPs show increased killing efficacy and specificity for the target pathogen without affecting the resident microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yijie Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yongshuai Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liang Q, Liu Z, Liang Z, Zhu C, Li D, Kong Q, Mou H. Development strategies and application of antimicrobial peptides as future alternatives to in-feed antibiotics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 927:172150. [PMID: 38580107 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The use of in-feed antibiotics has been widely restricted due to the significant environmental pollution and food safety concerns they have caused. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have attracted widespread attention as potential future alternatives to in-feed antibiotics owing to their demonstrated antimicrobial activity and environment friendly characteristics. However, the challenges of weak bioactivity, immature stability, and low production yields of natural AMPs impede practical application in the feed industry. To address these problems, efforts have been made to develop strategies for approaching the AMPs with enhanced properties. Herein, we summarize approaches to improving the properties of AMPs as potential alternatives to in-feed antibiotics, mainly including optimization of structural parameters, sequence modification, selection of microbial hosts, fusion expression, and industrially fermentation control. Additionally, the potential for application of AMPs in animal husbandry is discussed. This comprehensive review lays a strong theoretical foundation for the development of in-feed AMPs to achieve the public health globally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingping Liang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Zhemin Liu
- Fundamental Science R&D Center of Vazyme Biotech Co. Ltd., Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Ziyu Liang
- Section of Neurobiology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Changliang Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Dongyu Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Qing Kong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Haijin Mou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dimitrova D, Nemska V, Foteva T, Iliev I, Georgieva N, Danalev D. Synthesis and Biological Studies of New Temporin A Analogs Containing Unnatural Amino Acids in Position 7. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:716. [PMID: 38931840 PMCID: PMC11207040 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16060716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Antimicrobial resistance is growing at an extreme pace and has proven to be an urgent topic, for research into alternative treatments. Such a prospective possibility is hidden in antimicrobial peptides because of their low to no toxicity, effectiveness at low concentrations, and most importantly their ability to be used for multiple treatments. This work was focused on the study of the effect of the modification in position 7 of Temporin A on its biological activity; (2) Methods: The targeted peptides were synthesized using Fmoc/Ot-Bu SPPS. The antibacterial activity of the analogs was determined using the broth microdilution method and disk-diffusion method. In vitro tests were performed to determine the cytotoxicity, phototoxicity, and antiproliferative activity of the peptide analogs on a panel of tumor and normal cell lines; (3) Results: All analogs except DTCit showed good antibacterial activity, with DTDab having the best activity according to the disk-diffusion method. However, DTCit had an acceptable cytotoxicity, combined with good selectivity against the test MCF-7 cell line; (4) Conclusions: The obtained results revealed the importance of the basicity and length of the side chain at position 7 in the Temporin A sequence for both tested activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilyana Dimitrova
- Biotechnology Department, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 8 Kliment Ohridski Blvd., 1797 Sofia, Bulgaria; (D.D.); (V.N.); (T.F.); (N.G.)
| | - Veronica Nemska
- Biotechnology Department, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 8 Kliment Ohridski Blvd., 1797 Sofia, Bulgaria; (D.D.); (V.N.); (T.F.); (N.G.)
| | - Tsvetelina Foteva
- Biotechnology Department, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 8 Kliment Ohridski Blvd., 1797 Sofia, Bulgaria; (D.D.); (V.N.); (T.F.); (N.G.)
| | - Ivan Iliev
- Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 25, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Nelly Georgieva
- Biotechnology Department, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 8 Kliment Ohridski Blvd., 1797 Sofia, Bulgaria; (D.D.); (V.N.); (T.F.); (N.G.)
| | - Dancho Danalev
- Biotechnology Department, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 8 Kliment Ohridski Blvd., 1797 Sofia, Bulgaria; (D.D.); (V.N.); (T.F.); (N.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mitra S, Chandersekhar B, Li Y, Coopershlyak M, Mahoney ME, Evans B, Koenig R, Hall SCL, Klösgen B, Heinrich F, Deslouches B, Tristram-Nagle S. Novel non-helical antimicrobial peptides insert into and fuse lipid model membranes. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:4088-4101. [PMID: 38712559 PMCID: PMC11109824 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00220b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
This research addresses the growing menace of antibiotic resistance by exploring antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as alternatives to conventional antibiotics. Specifically, we investigate two linear amphipathic AMPs, LE-53 (12-mer) and LE-55 (16-mer), finding that the shorter LE-53 exhibits greater bactericidal activity against both Gram-negative (G(-)) and Gram-positive (G(+)) bacteria. Remarkably, both AMPs are non-toxic to eukaryotic cells. The heightened effectiveness of LE-53 is attributed to its increased hydrophobicity (H) compared to LE-55. Circular dichroism (CD) reveals that LE-53 and LE-55 both adopt β-sheet and random coil structures in lipid model membranes (LMMs) mimicking G(-) and G(+) bacteria, so secondary structure is not the cause of the potency difference. X-ray diffuse scattering (XDS) reveals increased lipid chain order in LE-53, a potential key distinction. Additionally, XDS study uncovers a significant link between LE-53's upper hydrocarbon location in G(-) and G(+) LMMs and its efficacy. Neutron reflectometry (NR) confirms the AMP locations determined using XDS. Solution small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) demonstrates LE-53's ability to induce vesicle fusion in bacterial LMMs without affecting eukaryotic LMMs, offering a promising strategy to combat antibiotic-resistant strains while preserving human cell integrity, whereas LE-55 has a smaller ability to induce fusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saheli Mitra
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Bhairavi Chandersekhar
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Yunshu Li
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Mark Coopershlyak
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Margot E Mahoney
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Brandt Evans
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Rachel Koenig
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Stephen C L Hall
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Beate Klösgen
- University of Southern Denmark, Dept. Physics, Chemistry & Pharmacy, PhyLife, Campusvej 55, Odense M5230, Denmark
| | - Frank Heinrich
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Berthony Deslouches
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Stephanie Tristram-Nagle
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Han T, Song L, Niu X, Qiu M, Wang Y, Wang J, Sun X, Ma J, Hu S, Feng Z. Synergistic peptide combinations designed to suppress SARS-CoV-2. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30489. [PMID: 38726116 PMCID: PMC11079089 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2, responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, poses a significant threat to global healthcare. Peptide and peptide-based inhibitors, known for their safety, efficacy, and selectivity, have recently emerged as promising candidates for treating late-developing viral infections. In this study, three peptides were selected to target different stages of viral invasion, specifically ACE2 and S protein binding, as well as membrane fusion. The objective was to assess their ability to impede the entry of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike pseudotyped virus. Our findings revealed that a combination of these three peptides demonstrated enhanced antiviral effects. This outcome substantiates the feasibility of developing effective peptide combinations to combat diseases related to SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, the three-peptide combinations, designed to target multiple aspects of SARS-CoV-2 viral entry, exhibited heightened viral inhibition and broad-spectrum antiviral properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Han
- Department of Neonatology, Senior Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, China
| | - Linhong Song
- Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Senior Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, China
| | - Xinxin Niu
- Department of Organ Transplantation, the Third Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, China
| | - Meng Qiu
- Senior Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Institute of Pediatrics, Senior Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, China
| | - Xiuyan Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, China
| | - Jiali Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, China
| | - Siqi Hu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Senior Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, China
| | - Zhichun Feng
- Senior Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shen S, Liu X, Huang J, Sun Y, Liu B, Song W, Meng L, Du M, Feng Q. Efficacy of a mouthwash containing ε-poly-L-lysine, funme peptides and domiphen in reducing halitosis and supragingival plaque: a randomized clinical trial. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:525. [PMID: 38702623 PMCID: PMC11069150 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04255-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the antibacterial effectiveness of a combination of ε-poly-L-lysine (ε-PL), funme peptide (FP) as well as domiphen against oral pathogens, and assess the efficacy of a BOP® mouthwash supplemented with this combination in reducing halitosis and supragingival plaque in a clinical trial. MATERIALS AND METHODS The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the compound against Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Streptococcus mutans, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans were determined by the gradient dilution method. Subsequently, the CCK-8 assay was used to detect the toxicity of mouthwash on human gingival fibroblastst, and the effectiveness in reducing halitosis and supragingival plaque of the mouthwash supplemented with the combination was analyzed by a randomized, double-blind, parallel-controlled clinical trial. RESULTS The combination exhibited significant inhibitory effects on tested oral pathogens with the MIC < 1.56% (v/v) and the MBC < 3.13% (v/v), and the mouthwash containing this combination did not inhibit the viability of human gingival fibroblasts at the test concentrations. The clinical trial showed that the test group displayed notably lower volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) at 0, 10, 24 h, and 7 d post-mouthwash (P < 0.05), compared with the baseline. After 7 days, the VSC levels of the and control groups were reduced by 50.27% and 32.12%, respectively, and notably cutting severe halitosis by 57.03% in the test group. Additionally, the Plaque Index (PLI) of the test and control group decreased by 54.55% and 8.38%, respectively, and there was a significant difference in PLI between the two groups after 7 days (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The combination of ε-PL, FP and domiphen demonstrated potent inhibitory and bactericidal effects against the tested oral pathogens, and the newly formulated mouthwash added with the combination exhibited anti-dental plaque and anti-halitosis properties in a clinical trial and was safe. TRIAL REGISTRATION The randomized controlled clinical trial was registered on Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (No. ChiCTR2300073816, Date: 21/07/2023).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song Shen
- Department of Human Microbiome & Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Shandong University-BOP Joint Oral Microbiome Laboratory, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Shanghai Gemang Bio-Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Shanghai Gemang Bio-Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Shanghai Gemang Bio-Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenzhu Song
- Shandong University-BOP Joint Oral Microbiome Laboratory, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Lei Meng
- Shandong University-BOP Joint Oral Microbiome Laboratory, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Mi Du
- Department of Human Microbiome & Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Qiang Feng
- Department of Human Microbiome & Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Shandong University-BOP Joint Oral Microbiome Laboratory, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Méndez LR, Rodríguez-Cornejo T, Rodríguez-Ramos T, Al-Hussinee L, Velázquez J, Campbell JH, Carpio Y, Estrada MP, Dixon B. PACAP sequence modifications modulate the peptide antimicrobial activity against bacterial pathogens affecting aquaculture. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 148:109512. [PMID: 38499216 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The global aquaculture industry has significant losses each year due to disease outbreaks. Antibiotics are one of the common methods to treat fish infections, but prolonged use can lead to the emergence of resistant strains. Aeromonas spp. Infections are a common and problematic disease in fish, and members of this genera can produce antibiotic resistant strains. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have emerged as an alternative method to treat and prevent infections and pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a prominent member of this family. The objective of this research was to study PACAP's direct antimicrobial activity and its toxicity in fish cells. Four synthetic variants of the natural PACAP from Clarias gariepinus were tested in addition to the natural variant. The experimental results show a different antimicrobial activity against A. salmonicida and A. hydrophila of each PACAP variant, and for the first time show dependence on the culture broth used. Furthermore, the results suggest that the underlying mechanism of PACAP antimicrobial activity includes a bacterial membrane permeabilizing effect, classifying PACAP as a membrane disruptive AMP. This study also demonstrated that the five PACAP variants evaluated showed low toxicity in vitro, at concentrations relevant for in vivo applications. Therefore, PACAP could be a promising alternative to antibiotics in the aquaculture sector.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rivera Méndez
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W., Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | | | - Tania Rodríguez-Ramos
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W., Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Lowia Al-Hussinee
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W., Waterloo, ON, Canada; Animal Health Laboratory, OVC, Guelph University, Canada
| | - Janet Velázquez
- Animal Biotechnology Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), P.O. Box 6162, Havana, 10600, Cuba
| | - James Hugh Campbell
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W., Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Yamila Carpio
- Animal Biotechnology Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), P.O. Box 6162, Havana, 10600, Cuba
| | - Mario Pablo Estrada
- Animal Biotechnology Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), P.O. Box 6162, Havana, 10600, Cuba
| | - Brian Dixon
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W., Waterloo, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang M, Yan X, Wang CB, Liu WQ, Wang Y, Jing H, Wang B, Yang K, Chen ZY, Luan YY, Wang GH. Molecular characterization, antibacterial and immunoregulatory activities of liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 in black rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 147:109467. [PMID: 38423489 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
LEAP2 (liver expression antimicrobial peptide 2), is an antimicrobial peptide widely found in vertebrates and mainly expressed in liver. LEAP2 plays a vital role in host innate immunity. In teleosts, a number of LEAP2 homologs have been reported, but their in vivo effects on host defense are still limited. In this study, a LEAP2 homolog (SsLEAP2) was identified from black rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii, and its structure, expression as well as biological functions were analyzed. The results showed that the open reading frame of SsLEAP2 is 300 bp, with a 5'- untranslated region (UTR) of 375 bp and a 3' - UTR of 238 bp. The deduced amino acid sequence of SsLEAP2 shares the highest overall identity (96.97%) with LEAP2 of Sebastes umbrosus. SsLEAP2 possesses conserved LEAP2 features, including a signal peptide sequence, a prodomain and a mature peptide, in which four well-conserved cysteines formed two intrachain disulphide domain. The expression of SsLEAP2 was highest in liver and could be induced by experimental infection with Listonella anguillarum, Edwardsiealla piscicida and Rock bream iridovirus C1 (RBIV-C1). Recombinant SsLEAP2 (rSsLEAP2) purified from Escherichia coli was able to bind with various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Further analysis showed that rSsLEAP2 could enhance the respiratory burst activity, and induce the expression of immune genes including interleukin 1-β (IL-1β) and serum amyloid A (SAA) in macrophages; additionally, rSsLEAP2 could also promote the proliferation and chemotactic of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs). In vivo experiments indicated that overexpression of SsLEAP2 could inhibit bacterial infection, and increase the expression level of immune genes including IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 13B (TNF13B) and haptoglobin (HP); conversely, knock down of SsLEAP2 promoted bacterial infection and decreased the expression level of above genes. Taken together, these results suggest that SsLEAP2 is a novel LEAP2 homolog that possesses apparent antibacterial activity and immunoregulatory property, thus plays a critical role in host defense against pathogens invasion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Xue Yan
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Chang-Biao Wang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Wen-Qing Liu
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Hao Jing
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Bing Wang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Kai Yang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Zi-Yue Chen
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Yu-Yu Luan
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Guang-Hua Wang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cervera L, Chaves-Pozo E, Cuesta A. Synthetic Antimicrobial Peptides Fail to Induce Leucocyte Innate Immune Functions but Elicit Opposing Transcriptomic Profiles in European Sea Bass and Gilthead Seabream. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:86. [PMID: 38393057 PMCID: PMC10889969 DOI: 10.3390/md22020086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising molecules in diverse fields, including aquaculture. AMPs possess lytic effects on a wide range of pathogens, resulting in a potential replacement for traditional antimicrobials in aquaculture. In addition, they also have modulatory effects on host immune responses. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the immunomodulatory capability of three known synthetic AMPs derived from European sea bass, NK-lysin (Nkl), hepcidin (Hamp), and dicentracin (Dic), in head-kidney cell suspensions from European sea bass and gilthead seabream. The tested peptides were neither cytotoxic for European sea bass nor gilthead seabream cells and failed to modulate the respiratory burst and phagocytosis activities. However, they modified the pattern of transcription of immune-related genes differently in both species. Peptides were able to promote the expression of marker genes for anti-inflammatory (il10), antiviral (mx, irf3), cell-mediated cytotoxicity (nccrp1, gzmb), and antibody responses (ighm) in European sea bass, with the Nkl peptide being the most effective. Contrary to this, the effects of those peptides on gilthead seabream mainly resulted in the suppression of immune responses. To conclude, European sea bass-derived peptides can be postulated as potential tools for immunostimulation in European sea bass fish farms, but more efforts are required for their universal use in other species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cervera
- Immunobiology for Aquaculture Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (L.C.); (A.C.)
- Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia (COMU-IEO), CSIC, Carretera de la Azohía s/n, Puerto de Mazarrón, 30860 Murcia, Spain
| | - Elena Chaves-Pozo
- Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia (COMU-IEO), CSIC, Carretera de la Azohía s/n, Puerto de Mazarrón, 30860 Murcia, Spain
| | - Alberto Cuesta
- Immunobiology for Aquaculture Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (L.C.); (A.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sun Y, Li H, Duan X, Ma X, Liu C, Shang D. Chensinin-1b Alleviates DSS-Induced Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Inducing Macrophage Switching from the M1 to the M2 Phenotype. Biomedicines 2024; 12:345. [PMID: 38397947 PMCID: PMC10886634 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory disorder with an increasing prevalence worldwide. Macrophage polarization is involved in the pathogenesis of IBD. Repolarization of macrophage has thus emerged as a novel therapeutic approach for managing IBD. Chensinin-1b, derived from the skin of Rana chensinensis, is a derivative of a native antimicrobial peptide (AMP). It shows anti-inflammatory effects in sepsis models and can potentially modulate macrophage polarization. The objective of this research was to study the role of chensinin-1b in macrophage polarization and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. RAW264.7 macrophages were polarized to the M1 phenotype using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and simultaneously administered chensinin-1b at various concentrations. The ability of chenisnin-1b to reorient macrophage polarization was assessed by ELISA, qRT-PCR, and flow cytometry analysis. The addition of chensinin-1b significantly restrained the expression of M1-associated proinflammatory cytokines and surface markers, including TNF-α, IL-6, NO, and CD86, and exaggerated the expression of M2-associated anti-inflammatory cytokines and surface markers, including IL-10, TGF-β1, Arg-1, Fizz1, Chil3, and CD206. Mechanistically, via Western Blotting, we revealed that chensinin-1b induces macrophage polarization from the M1 to the M2 phenotype by inhibiting the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). In mouse models of colitis, intraperitoneal administration of chensinin-1b alleviated symptoms induced by DSS, including weight loss, elevated disease activity index (DAI) scores, colon shortening, colonic tissue damage, and splenomegaly. Consistent with our in vitro data, chensinin-1b induced significant decreases in the expression of M1 phenotype biomarkers and increases in the expression of M2 phenotype biomarkers in the mouse colitis model. Furthermore, chensinin-1b treatment repressesed NF-κB phosphorylation in vivo. Overall, our data showed that chensinin-1b attenuates IBD by repolarizing macrophages from the M1 to the M2 phenotype, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic candidate for IBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Sun
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; (Y.S.)
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Huiyu Li
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; (Y.S.)
| | - Xingpeng Duan
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; (Y.S.)
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Ma
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; (Y.S.)
| | - Chenxi Liu
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; (Y.S.)
| | - Dejing Shang
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; (Y.S.)
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
He S, Deber CM. Interaction of designed cationic antimicrobial peptides with the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1894. [PMID: 38253659 PMCID: PMC10803810 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51716-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The outer membrane (OM) is a hallmark feature of gram-negative bacteria that provides the species with heightened resistance against antibiotic threats while cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAPs) are natural antibiotics broadly recognized for their ability to disrupt bacterial membranes. It has been well-established that lipopolysaccharides present on the OM are among major targets of CAP activity against gram-negative species. Here we investigate how the relative distribution of charged residues along the primary peptide sequence, in conjunction with its overall hydrophobicity, affects such peptide-OM interactions in the natural CAP Ponericin W1. Using a designed peptide library derived from Ponericin W1, we determined that the consecutive placement of Lys residues at the peptide N- or C-terminus (ex. "PonN": KKKKKKWLGSALIGALLPSVVGLFQ) enhances peptide binding affinity to OM lipopolysaccharides compared to constructs where Lys residues are interspersed throughout the primary sequence (ex. "PonAmp": WLKKALKIGAKLLPSVVKLFKGSGQ). Antimicrobial activity against multidrug resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was similarly found to be highest among Lys-clustered sequences. Our findings suggest that while native Ponericin W1 exerts its initial activity at the OM, Lys-clustering may be a promising means to enhance potency towards this interface, thereby augmenting peptide entry and activity at the IM, with apparent advantage against multidrug-resistant species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shelley He
- Program in Molecular Medicine, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Charles M Deber
- Program in Molecular Medicine, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hirano M, Yokoo H, Ohoka N, Ito T, Misawa T, Oba M, Inoue T, Demizu Y. Rational Design of Amphipathic Antimicrobial Peptides with Alternating L-/D-Amino Acids That Form Helical Structures. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2024; 72:149-154. [PMID: 38296556 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c23-00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising therapeutic agents against bacteria. We have previously reported an amphipathic AMP Stripe composed of cationic L-Lys and hydrophobic L-Leu/L-Ala residues, and Stripe exhibited potent antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Gramicidin A (GA), composed of repeating sequences of L- and D-amino acids, has a unique β6.3-helix structure and exhibits broad antimicrobial activity. Inspired by the structural properties and antimicrobial activities of LD-alternating peptides such as GA, in this study, we designed Stripe derivatives with LD-alternating sequences. We found that simply alternating L- and D-amino acids in the Stripe sequence to give StripeLD caused a reduction in antimicrobial activity. In contrast, AltStripeLD, with cationic and hydrophobic amino acids rearranged to yield an amphipathic distribution when the peptide adopts a β6.3-helix, displayed higher antimicrobial activity than AltStripe. These results suggest that alternating L-/D-cationic and L-/D-hydrophobic amino acids in accordance with the helical structure of an AMP may be a useful way to improve antimicrobial activity and develop new AMP drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Motoharu Hirano
- National Institute of Health Sciences
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University
| | - Hidetomo Yokoo
- National Institute of Health Sciences
- Medical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | | | - Takahito Ito
- National Institute of Health Sciences
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University
| | | | - Makoto Oba
- Medical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | | | - Yosuke Demizu
- National Institute of Health Sciences
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhou N, An T, Zhang Y, Zhao G, Wei C, Shen X, Li F, Wang X. Improving Photocleavage Efficiency of Photocleavable Protein for Antimicrobial Peptide Histatin 1 Expression. Protein Pept Lett 2024; 31:141-152. [PMID: 38243926 DOI: 10.2174/0109298665276722231212053009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising alternative agents for antibiotics to overcome antibiotic resistance problems. But, it is difficult to produce large-scale antimicrobial research due to the toxicity towards expression hosts or degradation by peptidases in the host. Therefore, heterologous recombinant expression of antimicrobial peptides has always been a challenging issue. OBJECTIVES To overcome toxicity to the expression host and low expression level, a new photocleavable protein fusion expression method for antimicrobial peptides is provided.3 Methods: Through directed evolution and high throughput screening, a photocleavable protein mutant R6-2-6-4 with a higher photocleavage efficiency was obtained. The DNA coding sequence of antimicrobial peptide Histatin 1 was fused within the sequence of R6-2-6-4 gene. The fusion gene was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli expression system. RESULTS Antimicrobial peptide Histatin 1 could be successfully expressed and purified by fusing within PhoCl mutant R6-2-6-4. The antimicrobial activity was rarely affected, and the MIC value was 33 ug/mL, which was basically equivalent to 32 ug/mL of the chemically synthesized Histatin 1. After amplification in a 5 L fermenter, the expression of PhoCl mutant (R6-2-6-4)-Histatin1 improved up to 87.6 mg/L in fermenter, and Histatin1 obtained by photocleavage also could up to 11 mg/L. The prepared Histatin1 powder remained stable when stored at 4oC for up to 4 months without any degradation. In addition, the expression and photocleavage of β -Defensin105 and Lysostaphin verified the certain universality of the PhoCl mutant fusion expression system. CONCLUSION Antimicrobial peptides Histatin 1, β -Defensin 105 and Lysostaphin were successfully expressed and purified by photocleavable protein mutant. This may provide a novel strategy to express and purify antimicrobial peptides in the Escherichia coli expression system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nana Zhou
- Nutrition and Health Research Institute, COFCO Corporation, Beijing 102209, China
| | - Tai An
- Nutrition and Health Research Institute, COFCO Corporation, Beijing 102209, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Nutrition and Health Research Institute, COFCO Corporation, Beijing 102209, China
| | - Guomiao Zhao
- Nutrition and Health Research Institute, COFCO Corporation, Beijing 102209, China
| | - Chao Wei
- Nutrition and Health Research Institute, COFCO Corporation, Beijing 102209, China
| | - Xuemei Shen
- Nutrition and Health Research Institute, COFCO Corporation, Beijing 102209, China
| | - Fan Li
- Nutrition and Health Research Institute, COFCO Corporation, Beijing 102209, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Nutrition and Health Research Institute, COFCO Corporation, Beijing 102209, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abd El-Aal AAA, Jayakumar FA, Reginald K. Dual-action potential of cationic cryptides against infections and cancers. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103764. [PMID: 37689179 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Cryptides are a subfamily of bioactive peptides embedded latently in their parent proteins and have multiple biological functions. Cationic cryptides could be used as modern drugs in both infectious diseases and cancers because their mechanism of action is less likely to be affected by genetic mutations in the treated cells, therefore addressing a current unmet need in these two areas of medicine. In this review, we present the current understanding of cryptides, methods to mine them sustainably using available online databases and prediction tools, with a particular focus on their antimicrobial and anticancer potential, and their potential applicability in a clinical setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amr A A Abd El-Aal
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fairen A Jayakumar
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kavita Reginald
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Selangor, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zong Y, Meng J, Mao T, Han Q, Zhang P, Shi L. Repairing the intestinal mucosal barrier of traditional Chinese medicine for ulcerative colitis: a review. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1273407. [PMID: 37942490 PMCID: PMC10628444 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1273407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Damage to the intestinal mucosal barrier play an important role in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). Discovering the key regulators and repairing the disturbed barrier are crucial for preventing and treating UC. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been proved to be effective on treating UC and has exhibited its role in repairing the intestinal mucosal barrier. We summarized the evidence of TCM against UC by protecting and repairing the physical barrier, chemical barrier, immune barrier, and biological barrier. Mechanisms of increasing intestinal epithelial cells, tight junction proteins, and mucins, promoting intestinal stem cell proliferation, restoring the abundance of the intestinal microbiota, and modulating the innate and adaptive immunity in gut, were all involved in. Some upstream proteins and signaling pathways have been elucidated. Based on the existing problems, we suggested future studies paying attention to patients' samples and animal models of UC and TCM syndromes, conducting rescue experiments, exploring more upstream regulators, and adopting new technical methods. We hope this review can provide a theoretical basis and novel ideas for clarifying the mechanisms of TCM against UC via repairing the intestinal mucosal barrier.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Zong
- Second Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Meng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongfang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tangyou Mao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongfang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Han
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Health Service Center of Beiyuan Community, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongfang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongfang Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Anwar S, Khawar MB, Afzal A, Ovais M, Xiang Z. Self-assembled and Zn(II)-coordinated dipeptide nanoparticles with membrane-rupturing action on bacteria. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:5775-5787. [PMID: 37439833 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12648-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Metal ion-coordinated self-assembled short-chain amino acid peptide molecules with multi-photon excitation wavelengths and their photoluminescence properties are advantageous for fluorescence-based diagnostics and treatments of biological diseases based on their extra features of antibacterial agents. We have designed a novel strategy based on tryptophan molecule coordinated with Zn(II) ions in the form of biocompatible spherical nanoparticles of diameter 30-80 nm which have been used for antibacterial treatments against different kinds of pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Pseudomonas). Preferably, we have used tryptophan-phenylalanine (Trp-Phe), a dipeptide molecule having tryptophan as principal material against E. coli strains as antimicrobial agents for surface rupturing and killing purposes. Furthermore, based on single amino acid, tryptophan, self-assembled and Zn(II)-coordinated dipeptide nanoparticles (Zn-DPNPs) were studied against three types of multi-drug-resistant bacteria as an active antimicrobial agent. These antibacterial efficient nanoparticles may have best alternative of antibiotic drugs for clinical applications. The capability of self-assembled fluorescence behavior of Zn-coordinated dipeptide molecules and higher hydrophobicity against bacterial cell wall will perform as antimicrobial fluorescent agents. KEY POINTS: • Zn(II) and Cu(II) better coordinated into self-assembled NPs. • Fluorescence signals showed interaction of NPs with gram -ve cell wall. • Significant surface-damaging effects were observed in the case of Cu-DPNPs and Zn-DPNPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahzad Anwar
- National Institutes of Lasers and Optronics College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, 45650, Islamabad, Pakistan.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR, 100049, Beijing, China.
| | - Muhammad Babar Khawar
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR, 100049, Beijing, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Applied Molecular Biology and Biomedicine Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Narowal, Narowal, Pakistan
| | - Ali Afzal
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Therapeutics Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ovais
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience & Technology (NCNST), PR, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Zhang Xiang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR, 100049, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Suchi SA, Lee DY, Kim YK, Kang SS, Bilkis T, Yoo JC. Synergistic Effect, Improved Cell Selectivity, and Elucidating the Action Mechanism of Antimicrobial Peptide YS12. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13522. [PMID: 37686328 PMCID: PMC10487915 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have attracted considerable attention as potential substitutes for traditional antibiotics. In our previous research, a novel antimicrobial peptide YS12 derived from the Bacillus velezensis strain showed broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In this study, the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) indicated that combining YS12 with commercial antibiotics produced a synergistic effect. Following these findings, the combination of YS12 with an antibiotic resulted in a faster killing effect against bacterial strains compared to the treatment with the peptide YS12 or antibiotic alone. The peptide YS12 maintained its antimicrobial activity under different physiological salts (Na+, Mg2+, and Fe3+). Most importantly, YS12 exhibited no cytotoxicity towards Raw 264.7 cells and showed low hemolytic activity, whereas positive control melittin indicated extremely high toxicity. In terms of mode of action, we found that peptide YS12 was able to bind with LPS through electrostatic interaction. The results from fluorescent measurement revealed that peptide YS12 damaged the integrity of the bacterial membrane. Confocal laser microscopy further confirmed that the localization of peptide YS12 was almost in the cytoplasm of the cells. Peptide YS12 also exhibited anti-inflammatory activity by reducing the release of LPS-induced pro-inflammatory mediators such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and NO. Collectively, these properties strongly suggest that the antimicrobial peptide YS12 may be a promising candidate for treating microbial infections and inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suzia Aktar Suchi
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Young Lee
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Kyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Soo Kang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 Four Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Tahmina Bilkis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Cheol Yoo
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chen N, Jiang C. Antimicrobial peptides: Structure, mechanism, and modification. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 255:115377. [PMID: 37099837 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Na Chen
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Cheng Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Patyra E, Kwiatek K. Insect Meals and Insect Antimicrobial Peptides as an Alternative for Antibiotics and Growth Promoters in Livestock Production. Pathogens 2023; 12:854. [PMID: 37375544 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12060854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The extensive use of antibiotics in animal production has led to the development of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms and the search for alternative antimicrobial agents in animal production. One such compound may be antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are characterized by, among others, a wide range of biocidal activity. According to scientific data, insects produce the largest number of antimicrobial peptides, and the changing EU legislation has allowed processed animal protein derived from insects to be used in feed for farm animals, which, in addition to a protein supplement, may prove to be an alternative to antibiotics and antibiotic growth promoters due to their documented beneficial impact on livestock health. In animals that were fed feeds with the addition of insect meals, changes in their intestinal microbiota, strengthened immunity, and increased antibacterial activity were confirmed to be positive effects obtained thanks to the insect diet. This paper reviews the literature on sources of antibacterial peptides and the mechanism of action of these compounds, with particular emphasis on insect antibacterial peptides and their potential impact on animal health, and legal regulations related to the use of insect meals in animal nutrition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Patyra
- Department of Hygiene of Animal Feedingstuffs, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantów 57 Avenue, 24-100 Puławy, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kwiatek
- Department of Hygiene of Animal Feedingstuffs, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantów 57 Avenue, 24-100 Puławy, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Li Z, Chen C, Yu W, Xu L, Jia H, Wang C, Pei N, Liu Z, Luo D, Wang J, Lv W, Yuan B, Zhang J, Jiang H. Colitis-Mediated Dysbiosis of the Intestinal Flora and Impaired Vitamin A Absorption Reduce Ovarian Function in Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112425. [PMID: 37299390 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in the composition and ratio of the flora during colitis have been found to potentially affect ovarian function through nutrient absorption. However, the mechanisms have not been fully explored. To investigate whether colitis-induced dysbacteriosis of the intestinal flora affects ovarian function, mice were given dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) through drinking water. High-throughput sequencing technology was used to clarify the composition and proportion of bacterial flora as well as gene expression changes in the colon. Changes in follicle type, number, and hormone secretion in the ovary were detected. The results showed that 2.5% DSS could induce severe colitis symptoms, including increased inflammatory cell infiltration, severe damage to the crypt, and high expression of inflammatory factors. Moreover, vitamin A synthesis metabolism-related genes Rdh10, Aldh1a1, Cyp26a1, Cyp26b1, and Rarβ were significantly decreased, as well as the levels of the steroid hormone synthase-related proteins STAR and CYP11A1. The levels of estradiol, progesterone, and Anti-Mullerian hormone as well as the quality of oocytes decreased significantly. The significantly changed abundances of Alistipes, Helicobacter, Bacteroides, and some other flora had potentially important roles. DSS-induced colitis and impaired vitamin A absorption reduced ovarian function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ze Li
- Department of Laboratory Animals, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Chengzhen Chen
- Department of Laboratory Animals, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Wenjie Yu
- Department of Laboratory Animals, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Lingxia Xu
- Department of Laboratory Animals, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Haitao Jia
- Department of Laboratory Animals, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Laboratory Animals, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Na Pei
- Department of Laboratory Animals, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Zibin Liu
- Department of Laboratory Animals, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Laboratory Animals, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Wenfa Lv
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Bao Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Animals, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Jiabao Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Animals, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Animals, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Li S, Li Y, Liu Y, Wu Y, Wang Q, Jin L, Zhang D. Therapeutic Peptides for Treatment of Lung Diseases: Infection, Fibrosis, and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108642. [PMID: 37239989 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Various lung diseases endanger people's health. Side effects and pharmaceutical resistance complicate the treatment of acute lung injury, pulmonary fibrosis, and lung cancer, necessitating the development of novel treatments. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are considered to serve as a viable alternative to conventional antibiotics. These peptides exhibit a broad antibacterial activity spectrum as well as immunomodulatory properties. Previous studies have shown that therapeutic peptides including AMPs had remarkable impacts on animal and cell models of acute lung injury, pulmonary fibrosis, and lung cancer. The purpose of this paper is to outline the potential curative effects and mechanisms of peptides in the three types of lung diseases mentioned above, which may be used as a therapeutic strategy in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shujiao Li
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Yuying Li
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Health Commission of China, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yifan Wu
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Health Commission of China, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Qiuyu Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Lili Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Dianbao Zhang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Health Commission of China, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lupu A, Gradinaru LM, Gradinaru VR, Bercea M. Diversity of Bioinspired Hydrogels: From Structure to Applications. Gels 2023; 9:gels9050376. [PMID: 37232968 DOI: 10.3390/gels9050376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are three-dimensional networks with a variety of structures and functions that have a remarkable ability to absorb huge amounts of water or biological fluids. They can incorporate active compounds and release them in a controlled manner. Hydrogels can also be designed to be sensitive to external stimuli: temperature, pH, ionic strength, electrical or magnetic stimuli, specific molecules, etc. Alternative methods for the development of various hydrogels have been outlined in the literature over time. Some hydrogels are toxic and therefore are avoided when obtaining biomaterials, pharmaceuticals, or therapeutic products. Nature is a permanent source of inspiration for new structures and new functionalities of more and more competitive materials. Natural compounds present a series of physico-chemical and biological characteristics suitable for biomaterials, such as biocompatibility, antimicrobial properties, biodegradability, and nontoxicity. Thus, they can generate microenvironments comparable to the intracellular or extracellular matrices in the human body. This paper discusses the main advantages of the presence of biomolecules (polysaccharides, proteins, and polypeptides) in hydrogels. Structural aspects induced by natural compounds and their specific properties are emphasized. The most suitable applications will be highlighted, including drug delivery, self-healing materials for regenerative medicine, cell culture, wound dressings, 3D bioprinting, foods, etc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Lupu
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41-A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Luiza Madalina Gradinaru
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41-A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Vasile Robert Gradinaru
- Faculty of Chemistry, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University, 11 Carol I Bd., 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Maria Bercea
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41-A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lima WG, de Lima ME. Therapeutic Prospection of Animal Venoms-Derived Antimicrobial Peptides against Infections by Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii: A Systematic Review of Pre-Clinical Studies. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:toxins15040268. [PMID: 37104206 PMCID: PMC10143903 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15040268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections caused by multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR-Ab) have become a public health emergency. Due to the small therapeutic arsenal available to treat these infections, health agencies have highlighted the importance of developing new antimicrobials against MDR-Ab. In this context, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) stand out, and animal venoms are a rich source of these compounds. Here, we aimed to summarize the current knowledge on the use of animal venom-derived AMPs in the treatment of MDR-Ab infections in vivo. A systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The eight studies included in this review identified the antibacterial activity of eleven different AMPs against MDR-Ab. Most of the studied AMPs originated from arthropod venoms. In addition, all AMPs are positively charged and rich in lysine residues. In vivo assays showed that the use of these compounds reduces MDR-Ab-induced lethality and bacterial load in invasive (bacteremia and pneumonia) and superficial (wounds) infection models. Moreover, animal venom-derived AMPs have pleiotropic effects, such as pro-healing, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities, that help treat infections. Animal venom-derived AMPs are a potential source of prototype molecules for the development of new therapeutic agents against MDR-Ab.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William Gustavo Lima
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Medicina-Biomedicina, Faculdade Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte 30150-250, MG, Brazil
| | - Maria Elena de Lima
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Medicina-Biomedicina, Faculdade Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte 30150-250, MG, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sun Y, Chan J, Bose K, Tam C. Simultaneous control of infection and inflammation with keratin-derived antibacterial peptides targeting TLRs and co-receptors. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eade2909. [PMID: 36888696 PMCID: PMC10173409 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.ade2909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Controlling infection-driven inflammation is a major clinical dilemma because of limited therapeutic options and possible adverse effects on microbial clearance. Compounding this difficulty is the continued emergence of drug-resistant bacteria, where experimental strategies aiming to augment inflammatory responses for enhanced microbial killing are not applicable treatment options for infections of vulnerable organs. As with corneal infections, severe or prolonged inflammation jeopardizes corneal transparency, leading to devastating vision loss. We hypothesized that keratin 6a-derived antimicrobial peptides (KAMPs) may be a two-pronged remedy capable of tackling bacterial infection and inflammation at once. We used murine peritoneal neutrophils and macrophages, together with an in vivo model of sterile corneal inflammation, to find that nontoxic and prohealing KAMPs with natural 10- and 18-amino acid sequences suppressed lipoteichoic acid (LTA)- and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NFκB and IRF3 activation, proinflammatory cytokine production, and phagocyte recruitment independently of their bactericidal function. Mechanistically, KAMPs not only competed with bacterial ligands for cell surface Toll-like receptor (TLR) and co-receptors (MD2, CD14, and TLR2) but also reduced cell surface availability of TLR2 and TLR4 through promotion of receptor endocytosis. Topical KAMP treatment effectively alleviated experimental bacterial keratitis, as evidenced by substantial reductions of corneal opacification, inflammatory cell infiltration, and bacterial burden. These findings reveal the TLR-targeting activities of KAMPs and demonstrate their therapeutic potential as a multifunctional drug for managing infectious inflammatory disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Sun
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute and Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Jonathan Chan
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute and Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Karthikeyan Bose
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute and Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Connie Tam
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute and Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Duque HM, Rodrigues G, Santos LS, Franco OL. The biological role of charge distribution in linear antimicrobial peptides. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2023; 18:287-302. [PMID: 36720196 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2023.2173736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Antimicrobial peptides (AMP) have received particular attention due to their capacity to kill bacteria. Although much is known about them, peptides are currently being further researched. A large number of AMPs have been discovered, but only a few have been approved for topical use, due to their promiscuity and other challenges, which need to be overcome. AREAS COVERED AMPs are diverse in structure. Consequently, they have varied action mechanisms when targeting microorganisms or eukaryotic cells. Herein, the authors focus on linear peptides, particularly those that are alpha-helical structured, and examine how their charge distribution and hydrophobic amino acids could modulate their biological activity. EXPERT OPINION The world currently needs urgent solutions to the infective problems caused by resistant pathogens. In order to start the race for antimicrobial development from the charge distribution viewpoint, bioinformatic tools will be necessary. Currently, there is no software available that allows to discriminate charge distribution in AMPs and predicts the biological effects of this event. Furthermore, there is no software available that predicts the side-chain length of residues and its role in biological functions. More specialized software is necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harry Morales Duque
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, PC: (CEP) 70.790-160, Brasília-DF, Brazil
| | - Gisele Rodrigues
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, PC: (CEP) 70.790-160, Brasília-DF, Brazil
| | - Lucas Souza Santos
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, PC: (CEP) 70.790-160, Brasília-DF, Brazil
| | - Octávio Luiz Franco
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, PC: (CEP) 70.790-160, Brasília-DF, Brazil.,S-inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, PC: (CEP) 79117-010, Campo Grande-MS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Yang Z, Zhang J, Wu FG, Lin F. Structural Characterization, Functional Profiling, and Mechanism Study of Four Antimicrobial Peptides for Antibacterial and Anticancer Applications. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:2161-2170. [PMID: 36730301 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are potent compounds for treating bacterial infection and cancer, drawing ever-increasing interest. However, the function and mechanism of most AMPs remain to be explored. In this research, we focused on investigating the antibacterial and anticancer activities of four AMPs (Dhvar4, Lasioglossin-III, Macropin 1, and Temporin La) and the possible corresponding mechanisms. All four AMPs are cationic α-helical with moderate hydrophobicity and high helicity. They have broad-spectrum antibacterial capacities, among which the antibacterial activities of Dhvar4 and Temporin La are not as effective as Lasioglossin-III and Macropin 1. Macropin 1 exhibited the highest antibacterial effect with a pretty low minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 2-8 μM. Meanwhile, Lasioglossin-III exhibited the strongest anticancer activities, displaying the IC50 of 26.36 μM for A549 and 7.75 μM for HepG2. Although Dhvar4 possessed the highest positive charge and entered the bacterial and animal cells in large amounts, it displayed the lowest bactericidal and anticancer activities which might be ascribed to its lowest hydrophobicity and thus the weakest cell membrane damage capability. It seems that the positive charge and cell internalization play a supporting rather than a determined role in antibacterial and anticancer activities of AMPs. All the four AMPs damaged the bacterial cell membrane with Macropin 1 damaging the cell membrane of Escherichia coli the most and Lasioglossin-III destroying the cell membrane of Staphylococcus aureus the worst. In addition, the animal cellular internalization of the four peptides was temperature-dependent and mainly mediated by caveolae-mediated endocytosis, and they were distributed in lysosomes once inside the cells. These findings expand our knowledge on the function and mechanism of AMPs, laying the fundamental theoretical basis for designing and engineering AMPs for infection and cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zihuayuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Fu-Gen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Fengming Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Biomimetic AgNPs@antimicrobial peptide/silk fibroin coating for infection-trigger antibacterial capability and enhanced osseointegration. Bioact Mater 2023; 20:64-80. [PMID: 35633877 PMCID: PMC9127278 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Endowing implant surfaces with combined antibacterial and osteogenic properties by drug-loaded coatings has made great strides, but how to achieve the combined excellence of infection-triggered bactericidal and in vivo-proven osteogenic activities without causing bacterial resistance still remains a formidable challenge. Herein, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) with osteogenic fragments were designed and complexed on the surface of silver nanoparticle (AgNP) through hydrogen bonding, and the collagen structure-bionic silk fibroin (SF) was applied to carry AgNPs@ AMPs to achieve infection-triggered antibacterial and osteointegration. As verified by TEM, AMPs contributed to the dispersion and size-regulation of AgNPs, with a particle size of about 20 nm, and a clear protein corona structure was observed on the particle surface. The release curve of silver ion displayed that the SF-based coating owned sensitive pH-responsive properties. In the antibacterial test against S.aureus for up to 21 days, the antibacterial rate had always remained above 99%. Meanwhile, the underlying mechanism was revealed, originating from the destruction of the bacterial cell membranes and ROS generation. The SF-based coating was conducive to the adhesion, diffusion, and proliferation of bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) on the surface, and promoted the expression of osteogenic genes and collagen secretion. The in vivo implantation results showed that compared with the untreated Ti implants, SF-based coating enhanced osseointegration at week 4 and 8. Overall, the AgNPs@AMPs-loaded SF-based coating presented the ability to synergistically inhibit bacteria and promote osseointegration, possessing tremendous potential application prospects in bone defects and related-infection treatments. AMPs and AgNPs were complexed through hydrogen bonds to form a protein crowns structure. Silk fibroin matrix was able to maintain the activity of AMPs over 21 d and endow with the infection-trigger release. The functional coating achieved synergistic antibacterial properties by damaging membrane structure and generating ROS. The coating displayed acceptable osteogenic properties in vitro and observably promoted osteointegration in vivo.
Collapse
|
30
|
Bioactive peptides derived from fermented foods: Preparation and biological activities. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
|
31
|
Luo X, Chen H, Song Y, Qin Z, Xu L, He N, Tan Y, Dessie W. Advancements, challenges and future perspectives on peptide-based drugs: Focus on antimicrobial peptides. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 181:106363. [PMID: 36529161 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2022.106363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Among other health related issues, the rising concerns on drug resistance led to look for alternative pharmaceutical drugs that are effective both against infectious and noninfectious diseases. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) emerged as potential therapeutic molecule with wide range of applications. With their limitations, AMPs have gained reputable attentions in research as well as in the pharmaceutical industry. This review highlighted the historical background, research trends, technological advancements, challenges, and future perspectives in the development and applications of peptide drugs. Some vital questions related with the need for pharmaceutical production, factors for the slow and steady journey, the importance of oral bioavailability, and the drug resistance possibilities of AMPs were raised and addressed accordingly. Therefore, the current study is believed to provide a profound understanding in the past and current scenarios and future directions on the therapeutic impacts of peptide drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Luo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Biomass Resources, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, 425199 Yongzhou, China
| | - Huifang Chen
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Biomass Resources, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, 425199 Yongzhou, China
| | - Yannan Song
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Biomass Resources, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, 425199 Yongzhou, China
| | - Zuodong Qin
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Biomass Resources, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, 425199 Yongzhou, China
| | - Lijian Xu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
| | - Nongyue He
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
| | - Yimin Tan
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China.
| | - Wubliker Dessie
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Biomass Resources, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, 425199 Yongzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Pourhajibagher M, Parker S, Pourakbari B, Valian NK, Raoofian R, Bahador A. Enhancement of hypericin nanoparticle-mediated sonoinduced disruption of biofilm and persister cells of Streptococcus mutans by dermcidin-derived peptide DCD-1L. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 41:103308. [PMID: 36709017 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Streptococcus mutans is considered a major significant contributor to dental caries and its effective removal is difficult due to the formation of biofilm. Therefore, the development of adjuvant therapeutic strategies with anti-biofilm properties is a promising approach. In the present study, we examined the effect of dermcidin-derived peptide DCD-1 L on the antibacterial activity of hypericin nanoparticle (HypNP)-mediated antimicrobial sonodynamic therapy (aSDT) against persister cells growing- and biofilm cultures of S. mutans. MATERIALS AND METHODS Following synthesis and confirmation of HypNP, the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index of HypNP and DCD-1 L was determined by checkerboard assay. Cellular uptake of HypNP-DCD-1 L and generation of endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assessed and followed by the determination of antimicrobial sonoactivity of HypNP-DCD-1 L against persister cells growing- and biofilm cultures of S. mutans. The water-insoluble extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) and expression of the gtfD, comDE, and smuT genes were then evaluated in persister cells growing- and biofilm cultures of S. mutans. RESULTS There was a synergistic activity in the combination of HypNP and DCD-1 L against S. mutans with an FIC index value of 0.37. The HypNP-DCD-1L-mediated aSDT also displayed the highest cellular uptake and endogenous ROS generation by bacterial cells. When biofilm and persister cells of S. mutans were treated with HypNP-DCD-1 L and subsequently exposed to ultrasound waves, 5.1 log and 3.8 log reductions, respectively, in bacterial numbers were observed (P<0.05). According to the data, EPS in both persister cells growing- and biofilm cultures of S. mutans were significantly decreased after exposure to the HypNP-DCD-1L-mediated aSDT (P<0.05). In addition, the quantitative real-time PCR data illustrated the high level of similarities in very low-expression profiles of the gtfD before and after all treated groups for persister cells. While, following HypNP-DCD-1L-mediated aSDT treatment, the expression levels of gtfD, comDE, and smuT were significantly lower in treated persister cells growing- and biofilm cultures of S. mutans in comparison with control groups (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Combined, the results of this study indicate that ultrasound waves-activated HypNP-DCD-1 L can sonoinactivate S. mutans biofilms and persister cells, as well as reduce effectively pathogenicity potency of S. mutans. Hence, HypNP-DCD-1L-mediated aSDT may be proposed as a promising adjunctive therapeutic approach for dental caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Pourhajibagher
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Steven Parker
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, United Kingdom.
| | - Babak Pourakbari
- Pediatric Infectious Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nasrin Keshavarz Valian
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Raoofian
- Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Abbas Bahador
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Fellowship in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, BioHealth Lab, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhou J, Han Q, Koyama T, Ishizaki S. Preparation, Purification and Characterization of Antibacterial and ACE Inhibitory Peptides from Head Protein Hydrolysate of Kuruma Shrimp, Marsupenaeus japonicus. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020894. [PMID: 36677951 PMCID: PMC9861681 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Kuruma shrimp (Marsupenaeus japonicus) heads, as the main by-product of the seafood processing industry, are rich in underutilized high-quality protein. After papain hydrolysis at 50 °C for 4 h, the protein hydrolysate of shrimp heads was found to show notable antibacterial and angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities. After purification using two stages of revered-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), the antibacterial peptide VTVP and the ACE inhibitory peptide ARL/I were successfully identified from most active fractions by LC-MS/MS. Peptide VTVP was a desirable hydrophobic peptide, with a MIC value in the range from 1.62 to 8.03 mM against all tested pathogens. Peptide ARL/I exhibited potent ACE inhibitory activity, with an IC50 value of 125.58 µM, and was found to be a competitive inhibitor based on the Lineweaver-Burk plot. Moreover, the result of the molecular docking simulation indicated that the interaction binding between ARL/I and ACE was mainly stabilized by hydrogen bonds, as well as forming a coordinate bond with the Zn2+ site. The purified peptides did not show hemolytic activity toward rabbit erythrocytes. To sum up, the bioactive peptides isolated from shrimp heads could be applicable for food or pharmaceutical areas as promising ingredients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Qiuyu Han
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Koyama
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Ishizaki
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-5463-0614
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
An active domain SA-2 derived from cystatin-SA, and its antifungal activity. Amino Acids 2023; 55:101-112. [PMID: 36333524 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-022-03207-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Infections induced by fungi, especially the drug-resistant fungi, are difficult clinical problems. Conventional antifungal treatment is effective but due to resistance, treatment failure, and treatment-related toxicity, there is a need for new antifungal drugs. In this study, SA-2 (YYRRLLRVLRRRW) was derived from Cystatin-SA, a saliva protein with a molecular weight of 14 kDa. Meanwhile, the structure-activity of SA-2 and its mutants was also studied. We detected the antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of SA-2 and found that SA-2 had a low cytotoxicity toward mammalian cells but a good inhibitory effect on Candida albicans (C. albicans) and Cryptococcus neoformans (C. neoformans), with MIC values of 16-64 μg/mL and 8-32 μg/mL, respectively. Interestingly, SA-2 effectively killed fluconazole-resistant C. neoformans and C. albicans within 12 h. This antifungal activity against fluconazole-resistant fungi was comparable to that of amphotericin B. In addition, the C. neoformans-infected mice model was established to evaluate the anti-infective activity of SA-2 in vivo. Results showed that SA-2 significantly reduced the counts of fungi in lung and brain tissues to protect fluconazole-resistant C. neoformans-infected mice from death without changing mice body weights. Moreover, the dramatically increased pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β induced by intranasal infection of C. neoformans could be obviously declined due to the treatment of SA-2, which may be attributed to the elimination of C. neoformans in time in the infected tissue. For the mode of actions underlying SA-2 against C. neoformans, we found that the cationic peptide SA-2 could adhere to the negatively charged fungal cell membrane to increase the surface potential of C. neoformans in a dose-dependent manner, and finally disrupted the integrity of fungal cell membrane, reflecting as a 60% positive rate of propidium iodide uptake of C. neoformans cells after SA-2 (4 × MIC) treatment. Our study indicated that SA-2 has the potential to develop as a new therapeutic agent against infection induced by drug-resistant fungi.
Collapse
|
35
|
Rahman M, Almalki WH, Afzal O, Alfawaz Altamimi AS, Najib Ullah SNM, Abul Barkat M, Beg S. Chiral-engineered supraparticles: Emerging tools for drug delivery. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103420. [PMID: 36309193 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.103420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The handedness of chiral-engineered supraparticles (CE-SPs) influences their interactions with cells and proteins, as evidenced by the increased penetration of breast, cervical, and myeloma cell membranes by d-chirality-coordinated SPs. Quartz crystal dissipation and isothermal titration calorimetry have been used to investigate such chiral-specific interactions. d-SPs are more thermodynamically stable compared with l-SPs in terms of their adhesion. Proteases and other endogenous proteins can be shielded by the opposite chirality of d-SPs, resulting in longer half-lives. Incorporating nanosystems with d-chirality increases uptake by cancer cells and prolongs in vivo stability, demonstrating the importance of chirality in biomaterials. Thus, as we discuss here, chiral nanosystems could enhance drug delivery systems, tumor markers, and biosensors, among other biomaterial-based technologies, by allowing for better control over their features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahfoozur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, SIHAS, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad, India.
| | - Waleed H Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Obaid Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Md Abul Barkat
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al Batin, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarwar Beg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Alternatives Therapeutic Approaches to Conventional Antibiotics: Advantages, Limitations and Potential Application in Medicine. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11121826. [PMID: 36551487 PMCID: PMC9774722 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11121826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to antimicrobials and particularly multidrug resistance is one of the greatest challenges in the health system nowadays. The continual increase in the rates of antimicrobial resistance worldwide boosted by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic poses a major public health threat. Different approaches have been employed to minimize the effect of resistance and control this threat, but the question still lingers as to their safety and efficiency. In this context, new anti-infectious approaches against multidrug resistance are being examined. Use of new antibiotics and their combination with new β-lactamase inhibitors, phage therapy, antimicrobial peptides, nanoparticles, and antisense antimicrobial therapeutics are considered as one such promising approach for overcoming bacterial resistance. In this review, we provide insights into these emerging alternative therapies that are currently being evaluated and which may be developed in the future to break the progression of antimicrobial resistance. We focus on their advantages and limitations and potential application in medicine. We further highlight the importance of the combination therapy approach, wherein two or more therapies are used in combination in order to more effectively combat infectious disease and increasing access to quality healthcare. These advances could give an alternate solution to overcome antimicrobial drug resistance. We eventually hope to provide useful information for clinicians who are seeking solutions to the problems caused by antimicrobial resistance.
Collapse
|
37
|
Keikha M, Kamali H, Ghazvini K, Karbalaei M. Antimicrobial peptides: natural or synthetic defense peptides against HBV and HCV infections. Virusdisease 2022; 33:445-455. [PMID: 36447811 PMCID: PMC9701303 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-022-00790-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the literature, treatment of HCV and HBV infections faces challenges due to problems such as the emergence of drug-resistant mutants, the high cost of treatment, and the side effects of current antiviral therapy. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), a group of small peptides, are a part of the immune system and are considered as an alternative treatment for microbial infections. These peptides are water-soluble with amphiphilic (hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces) characteristics. AMPs are produced by a wide range of organisms including both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The antiviral mechanisms of AMPs include inhibiting virus entry, inhibiting intracellular virus replication, inhibiting intracellular viral packaging, and inducing immune responses. In addition, AMPs are a new generation of antiviral biomolecules that have very low toxicity for human host cells, particularly liver cell lines. AMPs can be considered as one of the most important strategies for developing new adjuvant drugs in the treatment of HBV and HCV infections. In the present study, several groups of AMPs (with a net positive charge) such as Human cathelicidin, Claudin-1, Defensins, Hepcidin, Lactoferrin, Casein, Plectasin, Micrococcin P1, Scorpion venom, and Synthetic peptides were reviewed with antiviral properties against HBV and HCV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Keikha
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Kamali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Kiarash Ghazvini
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Karbalaei
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Gasanov VA, Vorotelyak EA, Vasiliev AV. Production of Antimicrobial Peptides (Cathelicidin Analogues) and Evaluation of Their Biological Properties. BIOL BULL+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359022140187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
|
39
|
Effect of Flagellin Pre-Exposure on the Inflammatory and Antifungal Response of Bronchial Epithelial Cells to Fungal Pathogens. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8121268. [PMID: 36547601 PMCID: PMC9782670 DOI: 10.3390/jof8121268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchial epithelial cells (BEC) play a crucial role in innate immunity against inhaled fungi. Indeed, in response to microorganisms, BEC synthesize proinflammatory cytokines involved in the recruitment of neutrophils. We have recently shown that BEC exert antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus by inhibiting filament growth. In the present study, we first analyzed the inflammatory and antifungal responses of BEC infected by several fungal species such as Aspergillus spp., Scedosporium apiospermum and Candida albicans, which are frequently isolated from the sputum of people with chronic pulmonary diseases. The airways of these patients, such as people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF), are mainly colonized by P. aeruginosa and secondary by fungal pathogens. We have previously demonstrated that BEC are capable of innate immune memory, allowing them to increase their inflammatory response against A. fumigatus following a previous contact with Pseudomonas aeruginosa flagellin. To identify the impact of bacteria exposure on BEC responses to other fungal infections, we extended the analysis of BEC innate immune memory to Aspergillus spp., Scedosporium apiospermum and Candida albicans infection. Our results show that BEC are able to recognize and respond to Aspergillus spp., S. apiospermum and C. albicans infection and that the modulation of BEC responses by pre-exposure to flagellin varies according to the fungal species encountered. Deepening our knowledge of the innate immune memory of BEC should open new therapeutic avenues to modulate the inflammatory response against polymicrobial infections observed in chronic pulmonary diseases such as CF.
Collapse
|
40
|
Medina L, Guzmán F, Álvarez C, Delgado JP, Carbonell-M B. Ramosin: The First Antibacterial Peptide Identified on Bolitoglossa ramosi Colombian Salamander. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122579. [PMID: 36559073 PMCID: PMC9782819 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery and improvements of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have become an alternative to conventional antibiotics. They are usually small and heat-stable peptides, exhibiting inhibitory activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. In this way, studies on broad-spectrum AMPs found in amphibians with the remarkable capability to regenerate a wide array of tissues are of particular interest in the search for new strategies to treat multidrug-resistant bacterial strains. In this work, the use of bioinformatic approaches such as sequence alignment with Fasta36 and prediction of antimicrobial activity allowed the identification of the Ramosin peptide from the de novo assembled transcriptome of the plethodontid salamander Bolitoglossa ramosi obtained from post-amputation of the upper limb tissue, heart, and intestine samples. BLAST analysis revealed that the Ramosin peptide sequence is unique in Bolitoglossa ramosi. The peptide was chemically synthesized, and physicochemical properties were characterized. Furthermore, the in vitro antimicrobial activity against relevant Gram-positive and Gram-negative human pathogenic bacteria was demonstrated. Finally, no effect against eukaryotic cells or human red blood cells was evidenced. This is the first antibacterial peptide identified from a Colombian endemic salamander with interesting antimicrobial properties and no hemolytic activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Medina
- Grupo Genética, Regeneración y Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Biología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia
- Correspondence:
| | - Fanny Guzmán
- Núcleo de Biotecnología Curauma (NBC), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2373223, Chile
| | - Claudio Álvarez
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Genética Marina (FIGEMA), Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
| | - Jean Paul Delgado
- Grupo Genética, Regeneración y Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Biología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia
| | - Belfran Carbonell-M
- Grupo Genética, Regeneración y Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Biología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia
- Departamento de Estudios Básicos Integrados, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Immune Activated Cellular Therapy for Drug Resistant Infections: Rationale, Mechanisms, and Implications for Veterinary Medicine. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9110610. [PMID: 36356087 PMCID: PMC9695672 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9110610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells have intrinsic antimicrobial properties, thus making them attractive as an alternative treatment strategy in chronic, drug-resistant bacterial infections. Recent evidence has suggested that these antimicrobial effects can be significantly enhanced by immune activation just prior to injection. This review examines the potential role for cellular therapies in treatment of drug resistant infections in veterinary medicine, drawing on insights across species and discussing the therapeutic potential of this approach overall in today’s veterinary patients. Abstract Antimicrobial resistance and biofilm formation both present challenges to treatment of bacterial infections with conventional antibiotic therapy and serve as the impetus for development of improved therapeutic approaches. Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy exerts an antimicrobial effect as demonstrated in multiple acute bacterial infection models. This effect can be enhanced by pre-conditioning the MSC with Toll or Nod-like receptor stimulation, termed activated cellular therapy (ACT). The purpose of this review is to summarize the current literature on mechanisms of antimicrobial activity of MSC with emphasis on enhanced effects through receptor agonism, and data supporting use of ACT in treatment of bacterial infections in veterinary species including dogs, cats, and horses with implications for further treatment applications. This review will advance the field’s understanding of the use of activated antimicrobial cellular therapy to treat infection, including mechanisms of action and potential therapeutic applications.
Collapse
|
42
|
Fungicidal activity of human antimicrobial peptides and their synergistic interaction with common antifungals against multidrug-resistant Candida auris. Int Microbiol 2022; 26:165-177. [PMID: 36329309 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-022-00290-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Emergence of Candida auris, a multidrug-resistant yeast, demonstrates the urgent need for novel antifungal agents. Human antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are naturally occurring molecules with wide spectrum antimicrobial activity, particularly against a variety of fungi. Therefore, this study examined the antifungal activity of seven different human AMPs against C. auris following the CLSI guidelines. The antifungal activity was further assessed using time kill curve and cell viability assays. For combination interaction, effectiveness of these peptides with three antifungals, fluconazole, amphotericin B, and caspofungin was done following standard protocols. To elucidate the antifungal mechanism, the effects of peptides on membrane permeability were investigated using propidium iodide staining method and confocal imaging. Antifungal susceptibility results showed that all the examined peptides possessed fungicidal effect against C. auris at different levels, with human β-defensin-3 being the most potent antifungal with MIC values ranging from 3.125 to 12.5 µg/ml. Time kill curves further confirmed the killing effect of all the tested peptides. Viability assay showed a significant decrease in the percentage of viable cells exposed to different inhibitory and fungicidal concentrations of each peptide (p < 0.01). Furthermore, peptides showed mostly synergistic interaction when combined with conventional antifungal drugs, with caspofungin showing 100% synergy when combined with different AMPs. As antifungal mechanism, peptides disrupted the membrane permeability at concentrations that correlated with the inhibition of growth. Overall, the findings of this study point towards the application of the tested peptides as a monotherapy or as a combination therapy with antifungal drugs to treat multidrug-resistant C. auris infections.
Collapse
|
43
|
Takahashi H, Sovadinova I, Yasuhara K, Vemparala S, Caputo GA, Kuroda K. Biomimetic antimicrobial polymers—Design, characterization, antimicrobial, and novel applications. WIRES NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 15:e1866. [PMID: 36300561 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Biomimetic antimicrobial polymers have been an area of great interest as the need for novel antimicrobial compounds grows due to the development of resistance. These polymers were designed and developed to mimic naturally occurring antimicrobial peptides in both physicochemical composition and mechanism of action. These antimicrobial peptide mimetic polymers have been extensively investigated using chemical, biophysical, microbiological, and computational approaches to gain a deeper understanding of the molecular interactions that drive function. These studies have helped inform SARs, mechanism of action, and general physicochemical factors that influence the activity and properties of antimicrobial polymers. However, there are still lingering questions in this field regarding 3D structural patterning, bioavailability, and applicability to alternative targets. In this review, we present a perspective on the development and characterization of several antimicrobial polymers and discuss novel applications of these molecules emerging in the field. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haruko Takahashi
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life Hiroshima University Higashi‐Hiroshima Hiroshima Japan
| | - Iva Sovadinova
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
| | - Kazuma Yasuhara
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology Nara Institute of Science and Technology Nara Japan
- Center for Digital Green‐Innovation Nara Institute of Science and Technology Nara Japan
| | - Satyavani Vemparala
- The Institute of Mathematical Sciences CIT Campus Chennai India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Training School Complex Mumbai India
| | - Gregory A. Caputo
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry Rowan University Glassboro New Jersey USA
| | - Kenichi Kuroda
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Ghosh S, Chatterjee S, Satpati P. Effect of a monovalent salt on the energetics of an antimicrobial-peptide: micelle dissociation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:23669-23678. [PMID: 36148810 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02735f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising antimicrobial and therapeutic agents. Recently, we synthesized a cationic 14 residue AMP (LL-14: LKWLKKLLKWLKKL), which showed high broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. However, the antimicrobial activity of LL-14 was compromised in the presence of NaCl. Salt sensitivity of antimicrobial potency is one of the fundamental limitations of AMP therapeutics. Thus, understanding the thermodynamics of AMP binding to simple membrane-mimetic systems and the effect of NaCl that contributes to their stability is crucial for designing promising AMPs against microbial infection. In this work, we reported computational analysis of LL-14 binding to SDS micelles (the simplest bacterial membrane mimic) at various NaCl concentrations (0.0%, 0.5%, 1.0% w/v). The thermodynamics of LL-14 dissociation from the SDS micelles was estimated by employing steered molecular dynamics (SMD) simulation followed by umbrella sampling. The results indicated that the increase in NaCl concentration systematically disfavoured the LL-14:SDS binding, primarily by stabilizing the dissociative state (i.e., free LL-14 and free micelles in water). We proposed a kinetic scheme in which the salt-induced selective stabilization of the dissociative state increased the activation barrier for the peptide:micelle binding event resulting in reduced affinity. Center-of-mass pulling indicated that the interactions involving the N-terminal of the LL-14 (residues 1-6) and SDS micelle were crucial for the stability of the LL-14:SDS complex, and LL-14 underwent a conformational change (helix → unstructured) before dissociating from the SDS micelle. The observed structural features from the peptide:micelle dissociation pathway corroborate our previous simulations as well as circular dichroism (CD), and fluorescence experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suvankar Ghosh
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.
| | - Sunanda Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.
| | - Priyadarshi Satpati
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Deo S, Turton KL, Kainth T, Kumar A, Wieden HJ. Strategies for improving antimicrobial peptide production. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 59:107968. [PMID: 35489657 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.107968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) found in a wide range of animal, insect, and plant species are host defense peptides forming an integral part of their innate immunity. Although the exact mode of action of some AMPs is yet to be deciphered, many exhibit membrane lytic activity or interact with intracellular targets. The ever-growing threat of antibiotic resistance has brought attention to research on AMPs to enhance their clinical use as a therapeutic alternative. AMPs have several advantages over antibiotics such as broad range of antimicrobial activities including anti-fungal, anti-viral and anti-bacterial, and have not reported to contribute to resistance development. Despite the numerous studies to develop efficient production methods for AMPs, limitations including low yield, degradation, and loss of activity persists in many recombinant approaches. In this review, we outline available approaches for AMP production and various expression systems used to achieve higher yield and quality. In addition, recent advances in recombinant strategies, suitable fusion protein partners, and other molecular engineering strategies for improved AMP production are surveyed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Deo
- Department of Microbiology, Buller building, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Kristi L Turton
- Alberta RNA Research and Training Institute, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Dr. W., Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Tajinder Kainth
- Department of Microbiology, Buller building, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Ayush Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, Buller building, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Hans-Joachim Wieden
- Department of Microbiology, Buller building, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ramírez-Ledesma MG, Rodríguez MC, Alva-Murillo N, Avila EE. The antimicrobial peptides LL-37, KR-20, FK-13 and KR-12 inhibit the growth of a sensitive and a metronidazole-resistant strain of Trichomonas vaginalis. Parasitol Res 2022; 121:3503-3512. [PMID: 36171407 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-022-07674-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The parasite Trichomonas vaginalis is the aetiologic agent of trichomoniasis, the most common non-viral sexually transmitted disease worldwide. This infection often remains asymptomatic and is related to several health complications. The traditional treatment for trichomoniasis uses drugs of the 5-nitroimidazole family, such as metronidazole; however, scientific reports indicate an increasing number of drug-resistant strains. Antimicrobial peptides could be an alternative or complementary treatment. In this sense, one attractive candidate is the human cathelicidin, being LL-37 its active form. LL-37 possesses microbicidal activity against many microorganisms such as bacteria, Candida albicans, and Entamoeba histolytica. Shorter sequences derived from this peptide, such as KR-20, FK-13 and KR-12, have been shown to possess a higher microbicidal effect than LL-37. In this study, we determined the activity of LL-37 and its derivatives against T. vaginalis, which was unknown. The results showed that the four peptides (LL-37, KR-20, FK-13-NH2 and KR-12) decreased the viability of T. vaginalis on a 5-nitroimidazole-sensitive and a 5-nitroimidazole-resistant strain; however, KR-20 was the most effective peptide, followed by FK-13-NH2. Low concentrations of all peptides showed a better effect when combined with metronidazole in the sensitive and resistant T. vaginalis strains. These results are promising for potential future therapeutic uses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mayra C Rodríguez
- Biology Department, DCNE, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Nayeli Alva-Murillo
- Biology Department, DCNE, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Eva E Avila
- Biology Department, DCNE, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Novel Insights into Fungal Infections Prophylaxis and Treatment in Pediatric Patients with Cancer. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11101316. [PMID: 36289974 PMCID: PMC9598217 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11101316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive fungal diseases (IFDs) are a relevant cause of morbidity and mortality in children with cancer. Their correct prevention and management impact patients’ outcomes. The aim of this review is to highlight the rationale and novel insights into antifungal prophylaxis and treatment in pediatric patients with oncological and hematological diseases. The literature analysis showed that IFDs represent a minority of cases in comparison to bacterial and viral infections, but their impact might be far more serious, especially when prolonged antifungal therapy or invasive surgical treatments are required to eradicate colonization. A personalized approach is recommended since pediatric patients with cancer often present with different complications and require tailored therapy. Moreover, while the Aspergillus infection rate does not seem to increase, in the near future, new therapeutic recommendations should be required in light of new epidemiological data on Candidemia due to resistant species. Finally, further studies on CAR-T treatment and other immunotherapies are needed in patients with unique needs and the risk of complications. Definitive guidelines on IFD treatment considering the evolving epidemiology of antifungal resistance, new therapeutic approaches in pediatric cancer, novel antifungal drugs and the importance of an appropriate antifungal stewardship are urgently needed.
Collapse
|
48
|
García-Mouton C, Parra-Ortiz E, Malmsten M, Cruz A, Pérez-Gil J. Pulmonary surfactant and drug delivery: vehiculization of a tryptophan-tagged antimicrobial peptide over the air-liquid interfacial highway. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 180:33-47. [PMID: 36154903 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
This work evaluates interaction of pulmonary surfactant (PS) and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in order to investigate (i) if PS can be used to transport AMPs, and (ii) to what extent PS interferes with AMP function and vice versa. This, in turn, is motivated by a need to find new strategies to treat bacterial infections in the airways. Low respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are a leading cause of illness and death worldwide that, together with the problem of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, bring to light the necessity of developing effective therapies that ensure high bioavailability of the drug at the site of infection and display a potent antimicrobial effect. Here, we propose the combination of AMPs with PS to improve their delivery, exemplified for the hydrophobically end-tagged AMP, GRR10W4 (GRRPRPRPRPWWWW-NH2), with previously demonstrated potent antimicrobial activity against a broad spectrum of bacteria under various conditions. Experiments using model systems emulating the respiratory interface and an operating alveolus, based on surface balances and bubble surfactometry, served to demonstrate that a fluorescently labelled version of GRR10W4 (GRR10W4-F), was able to interact and insert into PS membranes without affecting its biophysical function. Therefore, vehiculization of the peptide along air-liquid interfaces was enabled, even for interfaces previously occupied by surfactants layers. Furthermore, breathing-like compression-expansion dynamics promoted the interfacial release of GRR10W4-F after its delivery, which could further allow the peptide to perform its antimicrobial function. PS/GRR10W4-F formulations displayed greater antimicrobial effects and reduced toxicity on cultured airway epithelial cells compared to that of the peptide alone. Taken together, these results open the door to the development of novel delivery strategies for AMPs in order to increase the bioavailability of these molecules at the infection site via inhaled therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina García-Mouton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, and Research Institute "Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12)", Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisa Parra-Ortiz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Malmsten
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Physical Chemistry 1, University of Lund, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Antonio Cruz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, and Research Institute "Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12)", Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Pérez-Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, and Research Institute "Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12)", Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Synthetic Amphipathic β-Sheet Temporin-Derived Peptide with Dual Antibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Activities. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11101285. [PMID: 36289944 PMCID: PMC9598925 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11101285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporin family is one of the largest among antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which act mainly by penetrating and disrupting the bacterial membranes. To further understand the relationship between the physical-chemical properties and their antimicrobial activity and selectivity, an analogue of Temporin L, [Nle1, dLeu9, dLys10]TL (Nle-Phe-Val-Pro-Trp-Phe-Lys-Phe-dLeu-dLys-Arg-Ile-Leu-CONH2) has been developed in the present work. The design strategy consisted of the addition of a norleucine residue at the N-terminus of the lead peptide sequence, [dLeu9, dLys10]TL, previously developed by our group. This modification promoted an increase of peptide hydrophobicity and, interestingly, more efficient activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains, without affecting human keratinocytes and red blood cells survival compared to the lead peptide. Thus, this novel compound was subjected to biophysical studies, which showed that the peptide [Nle1, dLeu9, dLys10]TL is unstructured in water, while it adopts β-type conformation in liposomes mimicking bacterial membranes, in contrast to its lead peptide forming α-helical aggregates. After its aggregation in the bacterial membrane, [Nle1, dLeu9, dLys10]TL induced membrane destabilization and deformation. In addition, the increase of peptide hydrophobicity did not cause a loss of anti-inflammatory activity of the peptide [Nle1, dLeu9, dLys10]TL in comparison with its lead peptide. In this study, our results demonstrated that positive net charge, optimum hydrophobic−hydrophilic balance, and chain length remain the most important parameters to be addressed while designing small cationic AMPs.
Collapse
|
50
|
Kumari S, Morrow MR, Booth V. Role of lipopolysaccharide in antimicrobial and cell penetrating peptide membrane interactions probed by deuterium NMR of whole cells. BBA ADVANCES 2022; 2:100057. [PMID: 37082590 PMCID: PMC10074874 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadva.2022.100057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how non-lipid components of bacteria affect antimicrobial peptide (AMP)-induced membrane disruption is important for a comprehensive understanding of AMP mechanisms and informing AMP-based drug development. This study investigates how lipopolysaccharide (LPS) affects membrane disruption by the AMP MSI-78 and compares the results to the effect of TP2, a cell-penetrating peptide that crosses membrane bilayers without permeabilizing them. We destabilize the LPS layer of Escherichia coli (E. coli) cells via chelation of the stabilizing divalent cations. 2H NMR spectra of E. coli demonstrate that EDTA concentrations of 2.5 mM and 9.0 mM alone have very minor effects on lipid acyl chain order. Interestingly, we find that E. coli pre-treated with 9.0 mM EDTA before treatment with MSI-78 are more sensitive to AMP-induced acyl chain disruption, indicating that intact LPS reduces MSI-78-induced membrane disruption in E. coli. Surprisingly, we also found that at the level of 2H_NMR, the peptide-induced acyl chain disruption is similar for MSI-78 and TP2, although MSI-78 permeabilizes the bilayer and TP2 does not. Furthermore, LPS disruption appears to protect the bacteria from TP2, although it sensitizes them to MSI-78.
Collapse
|