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Lin Q, Li Z, Wang B, Zhou M, Xie Y, Wang D, Hou C, Wang R, Liu X, Sun X, Shan H, Chen Z, Wu H, Yang Y, Fei C, Chen Z. Acoustic hologram-induced virtual in vivo enhanced waveguide (AH-VIEW). SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadl2232. [PMID: 38354252 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adl2232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Optical imaging and phototherapy in deep tissues face notable challenges due to light scattering. We use encoded acoustic holograms to generate three-dimensional acoustic fields within the target medium, enabling instantaneous and robust modulation of the volumetric refractive index, thereby noninvasively controlling the trajectory of light. Through this approach, we achieved a remarkable 24.3% increase in tissue heating rate in vitro photothermal effect tests on porcine skin. In vivo photoacoustic imaging of mouse brain vasculature exhibits an improved signal-to-noise ratio through the intact scalp and skull. These findings demonstrate that our strategy can effectively suppress light scattering in complex biological tissues by inducing low-angle scattering, achieving an effective depth reaching the millimeter scale. The versatility of this strategy extends its potential applications to neuroscience, lithography, and additive manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qibo Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zhaoxi Li
- School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Mengqing Zhou
- School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Yang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Danfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Chenxue Hou
- School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Runyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Xiangdong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Xin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Han Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Ziyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Huayi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yintang Yang
- School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Chunlong Fei
- School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Zeyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Furong Laboratory (Precision Medicine), Changsha 410008, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
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2
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Liu W, Li G, Huang Z, Jiang W, Luo X, Xu X. Enhancing generalized anxiety disorder diagnosis precision: MSTCNN model utilizing high-frequency EEG signals. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1310323. [PMID: 38179243 PMCID: PMC10764566 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1310323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a prevalent mental disorder on the rise in modern society. It is crucial to achieve precise diagnosis of GAD for improving the treatments and averting exacerbation. Although a growing number of researchers beginning to explore the deep learning algorithms for detecting mental disorders, there is a dearth of reports concerning precise GAD diagnosis. This study proposes a multi-scale spatial-temporal local sequential and global parallel convolutional model, named MSTCNN, which designed to achieve highly accurate GAD diagnosis using high-frequency electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. To this end, 10-min resting EEG data were collected from 45 GAD patients and 36 healthy controls (HC). Various frequency bands were extracted from the EEG data as the inputs of the MSTCNN. The results demonstrate that the proposed MSTCNN, combined with the attention mechanism of Squeeze-and-Excitation Networks, achieves outstanding classification performance for GAD detection, with an accuracy of 99.48% within the 4-30 Hz EEG data, which is competitively related to state-of-art methods in terms of GAD classification. Furthermore, our research unveils an intriguing revelation regarding the pivotal role of high-frequency band in GAD diagnosis. As the frequency band increases, diagnostic accuracy improves. Notably, high-frequency EEG data ranging from 10-30 Hz exhibited an accuracy rate of 99.47%, paralleling the performance of the broader 4-30 Hz band. In summary, these findings move a step forward towards the practical application of automatic diagnosis of GAD and provide basic theory and technical support for the development of future clinical diagnosis system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Gang Li
- College of Mathematical Medicine, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Ziyi Huang
- School of Advanced Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Weixiong Jiang
- College of Mathematical Medicine, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | | | - Xingjuan Xu
- College of Mathematical Medicine, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
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3
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Quansah Amissah R, Albeely AM, Bragg EM, Perreault ML, Doucette WT, Khokhar JY. A Simple, Lightweight, and Low-Cost Customizable Multielectrode Array for Local Field Potential Recordings. eNeuro 2023; 10:ENEURO.0212-23.2023. [PMID: 37643859 PMCID: PMC10467017 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0212-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Local field potential (LFP) recording is a valuable method for assessing brain systems communication. Multiple methods have been developed to collect LFP data to study the rhythmic activity of the brain. These methods range from the use of single or bundled metal electrodes to electrode arrays that can target multiple brain regions. Although these electrodes are efficient in collecting LFP activity, they can be expensive, difficult to build, and less adaptable to different applications, which may include targeting multiple brain regions simultaneously. Here, the building process for a 16-channel customizable multielectrode array (CMEA) that can be used to collect LFP data from different brain regions simultaneously in rats is described. These CMEA electrode arrays are lightweight (<1 g), take little time to build (<1 h), and are affordable ($15 Canadian). The CMEA can also be modified to record single-unit and multiunit activity in addition to LFP activity using both wired and wireless neural data acquisition systems. Moreover, these CMEAs can be used to explore neural activity (LFP and single-unit/multiunit activity) in preliminary studies, before purchasing more expensive electrodes for targeted studies. Together, these characteristics make the described CMEA a competitive alternative to the commercially available multielectrode arrays for its simplicity, low cost, and efficiency in collecting LFP data in freely behaving animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Quansah Amissah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Abdalla M Albeely
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Elise M Bragg
- Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755-1404
| | - Melissa L Perreault
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Wilder T Doucette
- Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755-1404
| | - Jibran Y Khokhar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
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4
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Rouzitalab A, Boulay CB, Park J, Sachs AJ. Intracortical brain-computer interfaces in primates: a review and outlook. Biomed Eng Lett 2023; 13:375-390. [PMID: 37519868 PMCID: PMC10382423 DOI: 10.1007/s13534-023-00286-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain-computer interfaces (BCI) translate brain signals into artificial output to restore or replace natural central nervous system (CNS) functions. Multiple processes, including sensorimotor integration, decision-making, motor planning, execution, and updating, are involved in any movement. For example, a BCI may be better able to restore naturalistic motor behaviors if it uses signals from multiple brain areas and decodes natural behaviors' cognitive and motor aspects. This review provides an overview of the preliminary information necessary to plan a BCI project focusing on intracortical implants in primates. Since the brain structure and areas of non-human primates (NHP) are similar to humans, exploring the result of NHP studies will eventually benefit human BCI studies. The different types of BCI systems based on the target cortical area, types of signals, and decoding methods will be discussed. In addition, various successful state-of-the-art cases will be reviewed in more detail, focusing on the general algorithm followed in the real-time system. Finally, an outlook for improving the current BCI research studies will be debated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Rouzitalab
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5 Canada
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | | | - Jeongwon Park
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5 Canada
- Department of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA
| | - Adam J. Sachs
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON Canada
- The University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, ON Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON Canada
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5
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Lee MS, Paul A, Joung TH, Xu Y, Wu J, Hairston WD, Cauwenberghs G. Scalable Anatomically-Tunable Fully In-Ear Dry-Electrode Array for User-Generic Unobtrusive Electrophysiology. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2023; 2023:1-4. [PMID: 38082718 DOI: 10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Traditional scalp EEG instrumentation is bulky and arduous to set up, requiring wires that constrain the subject's movement, conductive wet gels that dry over time which limits long-term recording, and/or is socially stigmatized. Therefore, there is growing research in in-ear EEG to increase user wearability, ease of use, and concealability. However, the fabrication of in-ear EEG sensors utilizes complex equipment and materials to capture the intricate geometry of the ear and to fabricate custom earpieces and electrodes. This work aims to lower the barrier of entry by decreasing the fabrication complexity by using PCB components with versatile, user-generic designs. Measured results on the assembled earpiece demonstrate that it viably captures eye blinks, jaw clench, auditory steady-state response (ASSR), and alpha modulation. Additionally, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) experiments show reliable electrode-skin contact with impedance comparable to conventional dry-electrode designs at substantially greater channel density.
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Yang S, Xu K, Guan S, Zou L, Gao L, Wang J, Tian H, Li H, Fang Y, Li H. Polymer nanofiber network reinforced gold electrode array for neural activity recording. Biomed Eng Lett 2023; 13:111-118. [PMID: 37124105 PMCID: PMC10130319 DOI: 10.1007/s13534-022-00257-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Flexible and stretchable neural electrodes are promising tools for high-fidelity interfacing with soft and curvilinear brain surface. Here, we describe a flexible and stretchable neural electrode array that consists of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber network reinforced gold (Au) film electrodes. Under stretching, the interweaving PAN nanofibers effectively terminate the formation of propagating cracks in the Au films and thus enable the formation of a dynamically stable electrode-tissue interface. Moreover, the PAN nanofibers increase the surface roughness and active surface areas of the Au electrodes, leading to reduced electrochemical impedance and improved signal-to-noise ratio. As a result, PAN nanofiber network reinforced Au electrode arrays can allow for reliable in vivo multichannel recording of epileptiform activities in rats. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13534-022-00257-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siting Yang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Ke Xu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Shouliang Guan
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - Liang Zou
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Lei Gao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Jinfen Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - Huihui Tian
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Ying Fang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Hongbian Li
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190 China
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7
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Wireless EEG: A survey of systems and studies. Neuroimage 2023; 269:119774. [PMID: 36566924 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The popular brain monitoring method of electroencephalography (EEG) has seen a surge in commercial attention in recent years, focusing mostly on hardware miniaturization. This has led to a varied landscape of portable EEG devices with wireless capability, allowing them to be used by relatively unconstrained users in real-life conditions outside of the laboratory. The wide availability and relative affordability of these devices provide a low entry threshold for newcomers to the field of EEG research. The large device variety and the at times opaque communication from their manufacturers, however, can make it difficult to obtain an overview of this hardware landscape. Similarly, given the breadth of existing (wireless) EEG knowledge and research, it can be challenging to get started with novel ideas. Therefore, this paper first provides a list of 48 wireless EEG devices along with a number of important-sometimes difficult-to-obtain-features and characteristics to enable their side-by-side comparison, along with a brief introduction to each of these aspects and how they may influence one's decision. Secondly, we have surveyed previous literature and focused on 110 high-impact journal publications making use of wireless EEG, which we categorized by application and analyzed for device used, number of channels, sample size, and participant mobility. Together, these provide a basis for informed decision making with respect to hardware and experimental precedents when considering new, wireless EEG devices and research. At the same time, this paper provides background material and commentary about pitfalls and caveats regarding this increasingly accessible line of research.
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8
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Hu Z, Niu Q, Hsiao BS, Yao X, Zhang Y. Bioactive polymer-enabled conformal neural interface and its application strategies. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:808-828. [PMID: 36597872 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh01125e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Neural interface is a powerful tool to control the varying neuron activities in the brain, where the performance can directly affect the quality of recording neural signals and the reliability of in vivo connection between the brain and external equipment. Recent advances in bioelectronic innovation have provided promising pathways to fabricate flexible electrodes by integrating electrodes on bioactive polymer substrates. These bioactive polymer-based electrodes can enable the conformal contact with irregular tissue and result in low inflammation when compared to conventional rigid inorganic electrodes. In this review, we focus on the use of silk fibroin and cellulose biopolymers as well as certain synthetic polymers to offer the desired flexibility for constructing electrode substrates for a conformal neural interface. First, the development of a neural interface is reviewed, and the signal recording methods and tissue response features of the implanted electrodes are discussed in terms of biocompatibility and flexibility of corresponding neural interfaces. Following this, the material selection, structure design and integration of conformal neural interfaces accompanied by their effective applications are described. Finally, we offer our perspectives on the evolution of desired bioactive polymer-enabled neural interfaces, regarding the biocompatibility, electrical properties and mechanical softness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanao Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qianqian Niu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China.
| | - Benjamin S Hsiao
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, 11794-3400, USA
| | - Xiang Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yaopeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Mintz Hemed N, Melosh NA. An integrated perspective for the diagnosis and therapy of neurodevelopmental disorders - From an engineering point of view. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 194:114723. [PMID: 36746077 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are complex conditions with largely unknown pathophysiology. While many NDD symptoms are familiar, the cause of these disorders remains unclear and may involve a combination of genetic, biological, psychosocial, and environmental risk factors. Current diagnosis relies heavily on behaviorally defined criteria, which may be biased by the clinical team's professional and cultural expectations, thus a push for new biological-based biomarkers for NDDs diagnosis is underway. Emerging new research technologies offer an unprecedented view into the electrical, chemical, and physiological activity in the brain and with further development in humans may provide clinically relevant diagnoses. These could also be extended to new treatment options, which can start to address the underlying physiological issues. When combined with current speech, language, occupational therapy, and pharmacological treatment these could greatly improve patient outcomes. The current review will discuss the latest technologies that are being used or may be used for NDDs diagnosis and treatment. The aim is to provide an inspiring and forward-looking view for future research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nofar Mintz Hemed
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Nicholas A Melosh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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10
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Functional Two-Dimensional Materials for Bioelectronic Neural Interfacing. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14010035. [PMID: 36662082 PMCID: PMC9863167 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Realizing the neurological information processing by analyzing the complex data transferring behavior of populations and individual neurons is one of the fast-growing fields of neuroscience and bioelectronic technologies. This field is anticipated to cover a wide range of advanced applications, including neural dynamic monitoring, understanding the neurological disorders, human brain-machine communications and even ambitious mind-controlled prosthetic implant systems. To fulfill the requirements of high spatial and temporal resolution recording of neural activities, electrical, optical and biosensing technologies are combined to develop multifunctional bioelectronic and neuro-signal probes. Advanced two-dimensional (2D) layered materials such as graphene, graphene oxide, transition metal dichalcogenides and MXenes with their atomic-layer thickness and multifunctional capabilities show bio-stimulation and multiple sensing properties. These characteristics are beneficial factors for development of ultrathin-film electrodes for flexible neural interfacing with minimum invasive chronic interfaces to the brain cells and cortex. The combination of incredible properties of 2D nanostructure places them in a unique position, as the main materials of choice, for multifunctional reception of neural activities. The current review highlights the recent achievements in 2D-based bioelectronic systems for monitoring of biophysiological indicators and biosignals at neural interfaces.
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11
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Wright JP, Mughrabi IT, Wong J, Mathew J, Jayaprakash N, Crosfield C, Chang EH, Chavan SS, Tracey KJ, Pavlov VA, Al-Abed Y, Zanos TP, Zanos S, Datta-Chaudhuri T. A fully implantable wireless bidirectional neuromodulation system for mice. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 200:113886. [PMID: 34995836 PMCID: PMC9258776 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Novel research in the field of bioelectronic medicine requires neuromodulation systems that pair high-performance neurostimulation and bio-signal acquisition hardware with advanced signal processing and control algorithms. Although mice are the most commonly used animal in medical research, the size, weight, and power requirements of such bioelectronic systems either preclude use in mice or impose significant constraints on experimental design. Here, a fully-implantable recording and stimulation neuromodulation system suitable for use in mice is presented, measuring 2.2 cm3 and weighing 2.8 g. The bidirectional wireless interface allows simultaneous readout of multiple physiological signals and complete control over stimulation parameters, and a wirelessly rechargeable battery provides a lifetime of up to 5 days on a single charge. The device was implanted to deliver vagus nerve stimulation (n = 12 animals) and a functional neural interface (capable of inducing acute bradycardia) was demonstrated with lifetimes exceeding three weeks. The design utilizes only commercially-available electrical components and 3D-printed packaging, with the goal of facilitating widespread adoption and accelerating discovery and translation of future bioelectronic therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason P Wright
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Dr, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Ibrahim T Mughrabi
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Dr, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Jason Wong
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Dr, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Jose Mathew
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Dr, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Naveen Jayaprakash
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Dr, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Christine Crosfield
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Dr, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Eric H Chang
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Dr, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Sangeeta S Chavan
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Dr, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Kevin J Tracey
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Dr, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Valentin A Pavlov
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Dr, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Yousef Al-Abed
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Dr, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Theodoros P Zanos
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Dr, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Stavros Zanos
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Dr, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Timir Datta-Chaudhuri
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Dr, Manhasset, NY, United States.
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12
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Research Progress on the Flexibility of an Implantable Neural Microelectrode. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13030386. [PMID: 35334680 PMCID: PMC8954487 DOI: 10.3390/mi13030386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Neural microelectrode is the important bridge of information exchange between the human body and machines. By recording and transmitting nerve signals with electrodes, people can control the external machines. At the same time, using electrodes to electrically stimulate nerve tissue, people with long-term brain diseases will be safely and reliably treated. Young’s modulus of the traditional rigid electrode probe is not matched well with that of biological tissue, and tissue immune rejection is easy to generate, resulting in the electrode not being able to achieve long-term safety and reliable working. In recent years, the choice of flexible materials and design of electrode structures can achieve modulus matching between electrode and biological tissue, and tissue damage is decreased. This review discusses nerve microelectrodes based on flexible electrode materials and substrate materials. Simultaneously, different structural designs of neural microelectrodes are reviewed. However, flexible electrode probes are difficult to implant into the brain. Only with the aid of certain auxiliary devices, can the implant be safe and reliable. The implantation method of the nerve microelectrode is also reviewed.
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Im C, Shin J, Lee WR, Kim JM. Machine learning-based feature combination analysis for odor-dependent hemodynamic responses of rat olfactory bulb. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 197:113782. [PMID: 34814029 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rodents have a well-developed sense of smell and are used to detect explosives, mines, illegal substances, hidden currency, and contraband, but it is impossible to keep their concentration constantly. Therefore, there is an ongoing effort to infer odors detected by animals without behavioral readings with brain-computer interface (BCI) technology. However, the invasive BCI technique has the disadvantage that long-term studies are limited by the immune response and electrode movement. On the other hand, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-based BCI technology is a non-invasive method that can measure neuronal activity without worrying about the immune response or electrode movement. This study confirmed that the NIRS-based BCI technology can be used as an odor detection and identification from the rat olfactory system. In addition, we tried to present features optimized for machine learning models by extracting six features, such as slopes, peak, variance, mean, kurtosis, and skewness, from the hemodynamic response, and analyzing the importance of individuals or combinations. As a result, the feature with the highest F1-Score was indicated as slopes, and it was investigated that the combination of the features including slopes and mean was the most important for odor inference. On the other hand, the inclusion of other features with a low correlation with slopes had a positive effect on the odor inference, but most of them resulted in insignificant or rather poor performance. The results presented in this paper are expected to serve as a basis for suggesting the development direction of the hemodynamic response-based bionic nose in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changkyun Im
- Bio & Medical Health Division, Korea Testing Laboratory, Seoul, 08389, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewoo Shin
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Ram Lee
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Gyeonggi University of Science and Technology, Siheung, 15073, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jun-Min Kim
- Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Electronics, Hansung University, Seoul, 02876, Republic of Korea.
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Luo S, Rabbani Q, Crone NE. Brain-Computer Interface: Applications to Speech Decoding and Synthesis to Augment Communication. Neurotherapeutics 2022; 19:263-273. [PMID: 35099768 PMCID: PMC9130409 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-022-01190-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Damage or degeneration of motor pathways necessary for speech and other movements, as in brainstem strokes or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), can interfere with efficient communication without affecting brain structures responsible for language or cognition. In the worst-case scenario, this can result in the locked in syndrome (LIS), a condition in which individuals cannot initiate communication and can only express themselves by answering yes/no questions with eye blinks or other rudimentary movements. Existing augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) devices that rely on eye tracking can improve the quality of life for people with this condition, but brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are also increasingly being investigated as AAC devices, particularly when eye tracking is too slow or unreliable. Moreover, with recent and ongoing advances in machine learning and neural recording technologies, BCIs may offer the only means to go beyond cursor control and text generation on a computer, to allow real-time synthesis of speech, which would arguably offer the most efficient and expressive channel for communication. The potential for BCI speech synthesis has only recently been realized because of seminal studies of the neuroanatomical and neurophysiological underpinnings of speech production using intracranial electrocorticographic (ECoG) recordings in patients undergoing epilepsy surgery. These studies have shown that cortical areas responsible for vocalization and articulation are distributed over a large area of ventral sensorimotor cortex, and that it is possible to decode speech and reconstruct its acoustics from ECoG if these areas are recorded with sufficiently dense and comprehensive electrode arrays. In this article, we review these advances, including the latest neural decoding strategies that range from deep learning models to the direct concatenation of speech units. We also discuss state-of-the-art vocoders that are integral in constructing natural-sounding audio waveforms for speech BCIs. Finally, this review outlines some of the challenges ahead in directly synthesizing speech for patients with LIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Qinwan Rabbani
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nathan E Crone
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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15
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Jang JW, Kang YN, Seo HW, Kim B, Choe HK, Park SH, Lee MG, Kim S. Long-term in-vivorecording performance of flexible penetrating microelectrode arrays. J Neural Eng 2021; 18. [PMID: 34795067 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ac3656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective. Neural interfaces are an essential tool to enable the human body to directly communicate with machines such as computers or prosthetic robotic arms. Since invasive electrodes can be located closer to target neurons, they have advantages such as precision in stimulation and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in recording, while they often exhibit unstable performance in long-termin-vivoimplantation because of the tissue damage caused by the electrodes insertion. In the present study, we investigated the electrical functionality of flexible penetrating microelectrode arrays (FPMAs) up to 3 months inin-vivoconditions.Approach. Thein-vivoexperiment was performed by implanting FPMAs in five rats. Thein-vivoimpedance as well as the action potential (AP) amplitude and SNR were analyzed over weeks. Additionally, APs were tracked over time to investigate the possibility of single neuron recording.Main results. It was observed that the FPMAs exhibited dramatic increases in impedance for the first 4 weeks after implantation, accompanied by decreases in AP amplitude. However, the increase/decrease in AP amplitude was always accompanied by the increase/decrease in background noise, resulting in quite consistently maintained SNRs. After 4 weeks of implantation, we observed two distinctive issues regarding long-term implantation, each caused by chronic tissue responses or by the delamination of insulation layer. The results demonstrate that the FPMAs successfully recorded neuronal signals up to 12 weeks, with very stably maintained SNRs, reduced by only 16.1% on average compared to the first recordings, although biological tissue reactions or physical degradation of the FPMA were present.Significance. The fabricated FPMAs successfully recorded intracortical signals for 3 months. The SNR was maintained up to 3 months and the chronic function of FPMA was comparable with other silicon based implantable electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Won Jang
- Department of Robotics Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Na Kang
- Department of Medical Assistant Robot, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Won Seo
- Department of Robotics Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Boil Kim
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Kyoung Choe
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Park
- Department of Robotics Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Maan-Gee Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of MedicineKyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohee Kim
- Department of Robotics Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
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16
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Wearable, Integrated EEG-fNIRS Technologies: A Review. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21186106. [PMID: 34577313 PMCID: PMC8469799 DOI: 10.3390/s21186106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
There has been considerable interest in applying electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) simultaneously for multimodal assessment of brain function. EEG–fNIRS can provide a comprehensive picture of brain electrical and hemodynamic function and has been applied across various fields of brain science. The development of wearable, mechanically and electrically integrated EEG–fNIRS technology is a critical next step in the evolution of this field. A suitable system design could significantly increase the data/image quality, the wearability, patient/subject comfort, and capability for long-term monitoring. Here, we present a concise, yet comprehensive, review of the progress that has been made toward achieving a wearable, integrated EEG–fNIRS system. Significant marks of progress include the development of both discrete component-based and microchip-based EEG–fNIRS technologies; modular systems; miniaturized, lightweight form factors; wireless capabilities; and shared analogue-to-digital converter (ADC) architecture between fNIRS and EEG data acquisitions. In describing the attributes, advantages, and disadvantages of current technologies, this review aims to provide a roadmap toward the next generation of wearable, integrated EEG–fNIRS systems.
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Francoeur MJ, Tang T, Fakhraei L, Wu X, Hulyalkar S, Cramer J, Buscher N, Ramanathan DR. Chronic, Multi-Site Recordings Supported by Two Low-Cost, Stationary Probe Designs Optimized to Capture Either Single Unit or Local Field Potential Activity in Behaving Rats. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:678103. [PMID: 34421671 PMCID: PMC8374626 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.678103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rodent models of cognitive behavior have greatly contributed to our understanding of human neuropsychiatric disorders. However, to elucidate the neurobiological underpinnings of such disorders or impairments, animal models are more useful when paired with methods for measuring brain function in awake, behaving animals. Standard tools used for systems-neuroscience level investigations are not optimized for large-scale and high-throughput behavioral battery testing due to various factors including cost, time, poor longevity, and selective targeting limited to measuring only a few brain regions at a time. Here we describe two different "user-friendly" methods for building extracellular electrophysiological probes that can be used to measure either single units or local field potentials in rats performing cognitive tasks. Both probe designs leverage several readily available, yet affordable, commercial products to facilitate ease of production and offer maximum flexibility in terms of brain-target locations that can be scalable (32-64 channels) based on experimental needs. Our approach allows neural activity to be recorded simultaneously with behavior and compared between micro (single unit) and more macro (local field potentials) levels of brain activity in order to gain a better understanding of how local brain regions and their connected networks support cognitive functions in rats. We believe our novel probe designs make collecting electrophysiology data easier and will begin to fill the gap in knowledge between basic and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda J. Francoeur
- Mental Health Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Tianzhi Tang
- Mental Health Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Leila Fakhraei
- Mental Health Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Xuanyu Wu
- Mental Health Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Sidharth Hulyalkar
- Mental Health Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Jessica Cramer
- Mental Health Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Nathalie Buscher
- Mental Health Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Dhakshin R. Ramanathan
- Mental Health Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
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Mohamed O, Al-Othman A, Al-Nashash H, Tawalbeh M, Almomani F, Rezakazemi M. Fabrication of titanium dioxide nanomaterial for implantable highly flexible composite bioelectrode for biosensing applications. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 273:129680. [PMID: 33486350 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Implantable and stretchable electrodes have managed to progress the medical field from a medical diagnosis aspect to a patient treatment level. They offer the ability to detect biosignals and conduct electrical current to tissues that aid in muscle stimulation and axon regeneration. Current conventional electrodes are fabricated from stiff and very expensive, precious metals such as platinum. In this work, novel, low cost, and highly flexible electrode materials were fabricated based on titanium dioxide (TiO2) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) supported by a silicone polymer matrix. The electrode materials were characterized by their electrochemical, mechanical, and surface properties. The electrodes possessed high flexibility with Young's modulus of 235 kPa, revealing highly stretchable characteristics. The impedance at 1 kHz was around 114.6 kΩ, and the charge capacity was 1.23 mC/cm2. The fabricated electrodes appeared to have a smooth surface, as seen in the scanning electron microscope micrographs, compared with electrodes in the literature. Long-time stability tests revealed an overall decrease in impedance and an increase in the charge capacity up to 475% of the initial value within three weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omnia Mohamed
- Biomedical Engineering MSBME, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Amani Al-Othman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Hasan Al-Nashash
- Department of Electrical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Muhammad Tawalbeh
- Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Fares Almomani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Mashallah Rezakazemi
- Faculty of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran.
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19
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Hejazi M, Tong W, Ibbotson MR, Prawer S, Garrett DJ. Advances in Carbon-Based Microfiber Electrodes for Neural Interfacing. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:658703. [PMID: 33912007 PMCID: PMC8072048 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.658703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural interfacing devices using penetrating microelectrode arrays have emerged as an important tool in both neuroscience research and medical applications. These implantable microelectrode arrays enable communication between man-made devices and the nervous system by detecting and/or evoking neuronal activities. Recent years have seen rapid development of electrodes fabricated using flexible, ultrathin carbon-based microfibers. Compared to electrodes fabricated using rigid materials and larger cross-sections, these microfiber electrodes have been shown to reduce foreign body responses after implantation, with improved signal-to-noise ratio for neural recording and enhanced resolution for neural stimulation. Here, we review recent progress of carbon-based microfiber electrodes in terms of material composition and fabrication technology. The remaining challenges and future directions for development of these arrays will also be discussed. Overall, these microfiber electrodes are expected to improve the longevity and reliability of neural interfacing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hejazi
- School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Wei Tong
- School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- National Vision Research Institute, The Australian College of Optometry, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael R. Ibbotson
- National Vision Research Institute, The Australian College of Optometry, Carlton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Steven Prawer
- School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - David J. Garrett
- School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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20
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Bourrier A, Szarpak-Jankowska A, Veliev F, Olarte-Hernandez R, Shkorbatova P, Bonizzato M, Rey E, Barraud Q, Briançon-Marjollet A, Auzely R, Courtine G, Bouchiat V, Delacour C. Introducing a biomimetic coating for graphene neuroelectronics: toward in-vivoapplications. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2020; 7. [PMID: 35125348 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ab42d6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Electronic micro and nano-devices are suitable tools to monitor the activity of many individual neurons over mesoscale networks. However the inorganic materials currently used in microelectronics are barely accepted by neural cells and tissues, thus limiting both the sensor lifetime and efficiency. In particular, penetrating intracortical probes face high failure rate because of a wide immune response of cells and tissues. This adverse reaction called gliosis leads to the rejection of the implanted probe after few weeks and prevent long-lasting recordings of cortical neurons. Such acceptance issue impedes the realization of many neuro-rehabilitation projects. To overcome this, graphene and related carbon-based materials have attracted a lot of interest regarding their positive impact on the adhesion and regeneration of neurons, and their ability to provide high-sensitive electronic devices, such as graphene field effect transistor (G-FET). Such devices can also be implemented on numerous suitable substrates including soft substrates to match the mechanical compliance of cells and tissues, improving further the biocompatibility of the implants. Thus, using graphene as a coating and sensing device material could significantly enhance the acceptance of intracortical probes. However, such a thin monolayer of carbon atoms could be teared off during manipulation and insertion within the brain, and could also display degradation over time. In this work, we have investigated the ability to protect graphene with a natural, biocompatible and degradable polymeric film derivated from hyaluronic acid (HA). We demonstrate that HA-based coatings can be deposited over a wide range of substrates, including intracortical probes and graphene FET arrays without altering the underlying device material, its biocompatibility and sensitivity. Moreover, we show that this coating can be monitoredin situby quantifying the number of deposited charges with the G-FET arrays. The reported graphene functionalization offers promising alternatives for improving the acceptance of various neural interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Bourrier
- Institut Néel, CNRS & Université Grenoble Alpes, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Farida Veliev
- Institut Néel, CNRS & Université Grenoble Alpes, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Polina Shkorbatova
- Center for Neuroprosthetics and Brain-Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Campus Biotech CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marco Bonizzato
- Center for Neuroprosthetics and Brain-Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Campus Biotech CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Elodie Rey
- Center for Neuroprosthetics and Brain-Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Campus Biotech CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Quentin Barraud
- Center for Neuroprosthetics and Brain-Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Campus Biotech CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anne Briançon-Marjollet
- Grenoble Alpes, HP2 Laboratory, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1042, Grenoble, France
| | - Rachel Auzely
- University Grenoble Alpes, CERMAV-CNRS, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Gregoire Courtine
- Center for Neuroprosthetics and Brain-Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Campus Biotech CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Bouchiat
- Institut Néel, CNRS & Université Grenoble Alpes, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Cécile Delacour
- Institut Néel, CNRS & Université Grenoble Alpes, 38042 Grenoble, France
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Ranjandish R, Schmid A. A Review of Microelectronic Systems and Circuit Techniques for Electrical Neural Recording Aimed at Closed-Loop Epilepsy Control. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E5716. [PMID: 33050032 PMCID: PMC7583980 DOI: 10.3390/s20195716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Closed-loop implantable electronics offer a new trend in therapeutic systems aimed at controlling some neurological diseases such as epilepsy. Seizures are detected and electrical stimulation applied to the brain or groups of nerves. To this aim, the signal recording chain must be very carefully designed so as to operate in low-power and low-latency, while enhancing the probability of correct event detection. This paper reviews the electrical characteristics of the target brain signals pertaining to epilepsy detection. Commercial systems are presented and discussed. Finally, the major blocks of the signal acquisition chain are presented with a focus on the circuit architecture and a careful attention to solutions to issues related to data acquisition from multi-channel arrays of cortical sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ranjandish
- Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland;
| | - Alexandre Schmid
- Institute of Electrical Engineering, EPF Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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22
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Electrode pad suitability for repeated application to the head and neck. HEALTH AND TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12553-020-00444-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Li H, Wang J, Fang Y. Bioinspired flexible electronics for seamless neural interfacing and chronic recording. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:3095-3102. [PMID: 36134275 PMCID: PMC9417495 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00323a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Implantable neural probes are among the most widely applied tools for the understanding of neural circuit functions and the treatment of neurological disorders. Despite remarkable progress in recent years, it is still challenging for conventional rigid probes to achieve stable neural recording over long periods of time. Recently, flexible electronics with biomimetic structures and mechanical properties have been demonstrated for the formation of seamless probe-neural interfaces, enabling long-term recording stability. In this review, we provide an overview of bioinspired flexible electronics, from their structural design to probe-brain interfaces and chronic neural recording applications. Opportunities of bioinspired flexible electronics in fundamental neuroscience and clinical studies are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbian Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Jinfen Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Ying Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200031 China
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Farrokhi B, Erfanian A. A state-based probabilistic method for decoding hand position during movement from ECoG signals in non-human primate. J Neural Eng 2020; 17:026042. [PMID: 32224511 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ab848b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we proposed a state-based probabilistic method for decoding hand positions during unilateral and bilateral movements using the ECoG signals recorded from the brain of Rhesus monkey. APPROACH A customized electrode array was implanted subdurally in the right hemisphere of the brain covering from the primary motor cortex to the frontal cortex. Three different experimental paradigms were considered: ipsilateral, contralateral, and bilateral movements. During unilateral movement, the monkey was trained to get food with one hand, while during bilateral movement, the monkey used its left and right hands alternately to get food. To estimate the hand positions, a state-based probabilistic method was introduced which was based on the conditional probability of the hand movement state (i.e. idle, right hand movement, and left hand movement) and the conditional expectation of the hand position for each state. Moreover, a hybrid feature extraction method based on linear discriminant analysis and partial least squares (PLS) was introduced. MAIN RESULTS The proposed method could successfully decode the hand positions during ipsilateral, contralateral, and bilateral movements and significantly improved the decoding performance compared to the conventional Kalman and PLS regression methods [Formula: see text]. The proposed hybrid feature extraction method was found to outperform both the PLS and PCA methods [Formula: see text]. Investigating the kinematic information of each frequency band shows that more informative frequency bands were [Formula: see text] (15-30 Hz) and [Formula: see text](50-100 Hz) for ipsilateral and [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] (100-200 Hz) for contralateral movements. It is observed that ipsilateral movement was decoded better than contralateral movement for [Formula: see text] (5-15 Hz) and [Formula: see text] bands, while contralateral movements was decoded better for [Formula: see text] (30-200 Hz) and hfECoG (200-400 Hz) bands. SIGNIFICANCE Accurate decoding the bilateral movement using the ECoG recorded from one brain hemisphere is an important issue toward real-life applications of the brain-machine interface technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behraz Farrokhi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Iran Neural Technology Research Centre, Tehran, Iran
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25
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Baek C, Kim J, Lee Y, Seo JM. Fabrication and Evaluation of Cyclic Olefin Copolymer Based Implantable Neural Electrode. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2020; 67:2542-2551. [PMID: 31905131 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2020.2963992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this paper is to establish fabrication method of cyclic olefin copolymer(COC)-based neural electrode. METHODS The fabrication started with preparing COC pellets into COC films by compression molding. Metal layers were deposited on the COC film and attached to a silicon wafer. Laser ablation was used to cut the outer edges and mark alignment keys. The metal layers were patterned using standard photolithography procedures. Finally, the isolated electrodes were laminated. To ensure that the resulting electrode is safe and suitable for long-term implants, in vitro biocompatibility test, impedance evaluation, accelerated soak test, and repeated bend test were conducted. RESULTS Cytotoxicity test and elution test confirmed the biocompatibility in vitro. The basic performance was not hindered compared to other polymer-based electrodes, and the longevity of the electrode was validated by accelerated soak test. However, repeated bend test revealed that the material might not be suitable for applications where constant bending is required. CONCLUSION The COC-based neural electrode was successfully fabricated. The material showed several merits such as biocompatibility, thermoplasticity, low water absorption rate, and high transparency, but should be limited to applications where repeated bending is not required. SIGNIFICANCE Electrical circuits in implantable prosthetic devices must be hermetically encapsulated for a long period of time. Material such as COC with extremely low water absorption rate could have a significant impact on the longevity of these devices.
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Sung C, Jeon W, Nam KS, Kim Y, Butt H, Park S. Multimaterial and multifunctional neural interfaces: from surface-type and implantable electrodes to fiber-based devices. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:6624-6666. [DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00872a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Development of neural interfaces from surface electrodes to fibers with various type, functionality, and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhoon Sung
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Republic of Korea
| | - Woojin Jeon
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Republic of Korea
| | - Kum Seok Nam
- School of Electrical Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Republic of Korea
| | - Yeji Kim
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Republic of Korea
| | - Haider Butt
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Khalifa University
- Abu Dhabi 127788
- United Arab Emirates
| | - Seongjun Park
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology (KIHST)
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27
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Hondrich TJJ, Lenyk B, Shokoohimehr P, Kireev D, Maybeck V, Mayer D, Offenhäusser A. MEA Recordings and Cell-Substrate Investigations with Plasmonic and Transparent, Tunable Holey Gold. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:46451-46461. [PMID: 31752486 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b14948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microelectrode arrays are widely used in different fields such as neurobiology or biomedicine to read out electrical signals from cells or biomolecules. One way to improve microelectrode applications is the development of novel electrode materials with enhanced or additional functionality. In this study, we fabricated macroelectrodes and microelectrode arrays containing gold penetrated by nanohole arrays as a conductive layer. We used this holey gold to optically excite surface plasmon polaritons, which lead to a strong increase in transparency, an effect that is further enhanced by the plasmon's interaction with cell culture medium. By varying the nanohole diameter in finite-difference time domain simulations, we demonstrate that the transmission can be increased to above 70% with its peak at a wavelength depending on the holey gold's lattice constant. Further, we demonstrate that the novel transparent microelectrode arrays are as suitable for recording cellular electrical activity as standard devices. Moreover, we prove using spectral measurements and finite-difference time domain simulations that plasmonically induced transmission peaks of holey gold red-shift upon sensing medium or cells in close vicinity (<30 nm) to the substrate. Thus, we establish plasmonic and transparent holey gold as a tunable material suitable for cellular electrical recordings and biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timm J J Hondrich
- Institute of Complex Systems, Bioelectronics (ICS-8) , Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52428 Jülich , Germany
- RWTH Aachen University , Aachen 52062 , Germany
| | - Bohdan Lenyk
- Institute of Complex Systems, Bioelectronics (ICS-8) , Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52428 Jülich , Germany
- Department of Physics , University of Konstanz , 78464 Konstanz , Germany
| | - Pegah Shokoohimehr
- Institute of Complex Systems, Bioelectronics (ICS-8) , Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52428 Jülich , Germany
- RWTH Aachen University , Aachen 52062 , Germany
| | - Dmitry Kireev
- Institute of Complex Systems, Bioelectronics (ICS-8) , Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52428 Jülich , Germany
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas 78712 , United States
| | - Vanessa Maybeck
- Institute of Complex Systems, Bioelectronics (ICS-8) , Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52428 Jülich , Germany
| | - Dirk Mayer
- Institute of Complex Systems, Bioelectronics (ICS-8) , Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52428 Jülich , Germany
| | - Andreas Offenhäusser
- Institute of Complex Systems, Bioelectronics (ICS-8) , Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52428 Jülich , Germany
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Lee WR, Im C, Park HY, Seo JM, Kim JM. Fabrication of Convex PDMS-Parylene Microstructures for Conformal Contact of Planar Micro-Electrode Array. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11091436. [PMID: 31480664 PMCID: PMC6780241 DOI: 10.3390/polym11091436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymer-based micro-electrode arrays (MEAs) are gaining attention as an essential technology to understand brain connectivity and function in the field of neuroscience. However, polymer based MEAs may have several challenges such as difficulty in performing the etching process, difficulty of micro-pattern generation through the photolithography process, weak metal adhesion due to low surface energy, and air pocket entrapment over the electrode site. In order to compensate for the challenges, this paper proposes a novel MEA fabrication process that is performed sequentially with (1) silicon mold preparation; (2) PDMS replica molding, and (3) metal patterning and parylene insulation. The MEA fabricated through this process possesses four arms with electrode sites on the convex microstructures protruding about 20 μm from the outermost layer surface. The validity of the convex microstructure implementation is demonstrated through theoretical background. The electrochemical impedance magnitude is 204.4 ± 68.1 kΩ at 1 kHz. The feasibility of the MEA with convex microstructures was confirmed by identifying the oscillation in the beta frequency band (13–30 Hz) in the electrocorticography signal of a rat olfactory bulb during respiration. These results suggest that the MEA with convex microstructures is promising for applying to various neural recording and stimulation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Ram Lee
- Dental Life Science Research Institute, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and Institute of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Inter-university Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Changkyun Im
- Dental Life Science Research Institute, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Inter-university Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Hae-Yong Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Jong-Mo Seo
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and Institute of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Inter-university Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jun-Min Kim
- Dental Life Science Research Institute, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea.
- Inter-university Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
- Department of Electronic Communication Engineering, Gyeonggi University of Science Technology, Siheung 15073, Korea.
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Bourrier A, Shkorbatova P, Bonizzato M, Rey E, Barraud Q, Courtine G, Othmen R, Reita V, Bouchiat V, Delacour C. Monolayer Graphene Coating of Intracortical Probes for Long-Lasting Neural Activity Monitoring. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801331. [PMID: 31402600 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The invasiveness of intracortical interfaces currently used today is responsible for the formation of an intense immunoresponse and inflammatory reaction from neural cells and tissues. This leads to a high concentration of reactive glial cells around the implant site, creating a physical barrier between the neurons and the recording channels. Such a rejection of foreign analog interfaces causes neural signals to fade from recordings which become flooded by background noise after a few weeks. Despite their invasiveness, those devices are required to track single neuron activity and decode fine sensory or motor commands. In particular, such quantitative and long-lasting recordings of individual neurons are crucial during a long time period (several months) to restore essential functions of the cortex, disrupted after injuries, stroke, or neurodegenerative diseases. To overcome this limitation, graphene and related materials have attracted numerous interests, as they gather in the same material many suitable properties for interfacing living matter, such as an exceptionally high neural affinity, diffusion barrier, and high physical robustness. In this work, the neural affinity of a graphene monolayer with numerous materials commonly used in neuroprostheses is compared, and its impact on the performance and durability of intracortical probes is investigated. For that purpose, an innovative coating method to wrap 3D intracortical probes with a continuous monolayer graphene is developed. Experimental evidence demonstrate the positive impact of graphene on the bioacceptance of conventional intracortical probes, in terms of detection efficiency and tissues responses, allowing real-time samplings of motor neuron activity during 5 weeks. Since continuous graphene coatings can easily be implemented on a wide range of 3D surfaces, this study further motivates the use of graphene and related materials as it could significantly contribute to reduce the current rejection of neural probes currently used in many research areas, from fundamental neurosciences to medicine and neuroprostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Bourrier
- Institut NéelCNRS and Université Grenoble‐Alpes 38042 Grenoble France
| | - Polina Shkorbatova
- Center for Neuroprosthetics and Brain Mind InstituteSchool of Life SciencesSwiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL) Campus Biotech CH‐1202 Geneva Switzerland
| | - Marco Bonizzato
- Center for Neuroprosthetics and Brain Mind InstituteSchool of Life SciencesSwiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL) Campus Biotech CH‐1202 Geneva Switzerland
| | - Elodie Rey
- Center for Neuroprosthetics and Brain Mind InstituteSchool of Life SciencesSwiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL) Campus Biotech CH‐1202 Geneva Switzerland
| | - Quentin Barraud
- Center for Neuroprosthetics and Brain Mind InstituteSchool of Life SciencesSwiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL) Campus Biotech CH‐1202 Geneva Switzerland
| | - Gregoire Courtine
- Center for Neuroprosthetics and Brain Mind InstituteSchool of Life SciencesSwiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL) Campus Biotech CH‐1202 Geneva Switzerland
| | - Riadh Othmen
- Institut NéelCNRS and Université Grenoble‐Alpes 38042 Grenoble France
| | - Valerie Reita
- Institut NéelCNRS and Université Grenoble‐Alpes 38042 Grenoble France
| | - Vincent Bouchiat
- Institut NéelCNRS and Université Grenoble‐Alpes 38042 Grenoble France
| | - Cécile Delacour
- Institut NéelCNRS and Université Grenoble‐Alpes 38042 Grenoble France
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Arafat MA, Rubin LN, Jefferys JGR, Irazoqui PP. A Method of Flexible Micro-Wire Electrode Insertion in Rodent for Chronic Neural Recording and a Device for Electrode Insertion. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2019; 27:1724-1731. [DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2019.2932032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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31
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Scopelliti MG, Chamanzar M. Ultrasonically sculpted virtual relay lens for in situ microimaging. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2019; 8:65. [PMID: 31645914 PMCID: PMC6804863 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-019-0173-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate in situ non-invasive relay imaging through a medium without inserting physical optical components. We show that a virtual optical graded-index (GRIN) lens can be sculpted in the medium using in situ reconfigurable ultrasonic interference patterns to relay images through the medium. Ultrasonic wave patterns change the local density of the medium to sculpt a graded refractive index pattern normal to the direction of light propagation, which modulates the phase front of light, causing it to focus within the medium and effectively creating a virtual relay lens. We demonstrate the in situ relay imaging and resolving of small features (22 µm) through a turbid medium (optical thickness = 5.7 times the scattering mean free path), which is normally opaque. The focal distance and the numerical aperture of the sculpted optical GRIN lens can be tuned by changing the ultrasonic wave parameters. As an example, we experimentally demonstrate that the axial focal distance can be continuously scanned over a depth of 5.4 mm in the modulated medium and that the numerical aperture can be tuned up to 21.5%. The interaction of ultrasonic waves and light can be mediated through different physical media, including turbid media, such as biological tissue, in which the ultrasonically sculpted GRIN lens can be used for relaying images of the underlying structures through the turbid medium, thus providing a potential alternative to implanting invasive endoscopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Giuseppe Scopelliti
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Maysamreza Chamanzar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
- Carnegie Mellon Neuroscience Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
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32
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Sharma K, Sharma R. Design considerations for effective neural signal sensing and amplification: a review. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2019. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ab1674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Du M, Guan S, Gao L, Lv S, Yang S, Shi J, Wang J, Li H, Fang Y. Flexible Micropillar Electrode Arrays for In Vivo Neural Activity Recordings. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1900582. [PMID: 30977967 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201900582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Flexible electronics that can form tight interfaces with neural tissues hold great promise for improving the diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders and advancing brain/machine interfaces. Here, the facile fabrication of a novel flexible micropillar electrode array (µPEA) is described based on a biotemplate method. The flexible and compliant µPEA can readily integrate with the soft surface of a rat cerebral cortex. Moreover, the recording sites of the µPEA consist of protruding micropillars with nanoscale surface roughness that ensure tight interfacing and efficient electrical coupling with the nervous system. As a result, the flexible µPEA allows for in vivo multichannel recordings of epileptiform activity with a high signal-to-noise ratio of 252 ± 35. The ease of preparation, high flexibility, and biocompatibility make the µPEA an attractive tool for in vivo spatiotemporal mapping of neural activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingde Du
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Espoo, FI-00076, Finland
| | - Shouliang Guan
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lei Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Suye Lv
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Siting Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jidong Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jinfen Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratories of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Hongbian Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ying Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
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Flexible 3D-Printed EEG Electrodes. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19071650. [PMID: 30959912 PMCID: PMC6480229 DOI: 10.3390/s19071650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
For electroencephalography (EEG) in haired regions of the head, finger-based electrodes have been proposed in order to part the hair and make a direct contact with the scalp. Previous work has demonstrated 3D-printed fingered electrodes to allow personalisation and different configurations of electrodes to be used for different people or for different parts of the head. This paper presents flexible 3D-printed EEG electrodes for the first time. A flexible 3D printing element is now used, with three different base mechanical structures giving differently-shaped electrodes. To obtain improved sensing performance, the silver coatings used previously have been replaced with a silver/silver-chloride coating. This results in reduced electrode contact impedance and reduced contact noise. Detailed electro-mechanical testing is presented to demonstrate the performance of the operation of the new electrodes, particularly with regards to changes in conductivity under compression, together with on-person tests to demonstrate the recording of EEG signals.
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Kim C, Jeong J, Kim SJ. Recent Progress on Non-Conventional Microfabricated Probes for the Chronic Recording of Cortical Neural Activity. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 19:E1069. [PMID: 30832357 PMCID: PMC6427797 DOI: 10.3390/s19051069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Microfabrication technology for cortical interfaces has advanced rapidly over the past few decades for electrophysiological studies and neuroprosthetic devices offering the precise recording and stimulation of neural activity in the cortex. While various cortical microelectrode arrays have been extensively and successfully demonstrated in animal and clinical studies, there remains room for further improvement of the probe structure, materials, and fabrication technology, particularly for high-fidelity recording in chronic implantation. A variety of non-conventional probes featuring unique characteristics in their designs, materials and fabrication methods have been proposed to address the limitations of the conventional standard shank-type ("Utah-" or "Michigan-" type) devices. Such non-conventional probes include multi-sided arrays to avoid shielding and increase recording volumes, mesh- or thread-like arrays for minimized glial scarring and immune response, tube-type or cylindrical probes for three-dimensional (3D) recording and multi-modality, folded arrays for high conformability and 3D recording, self-softening or self-deployable probes for minimized tissue damage and extensions of the recording sites beyond gliosis, nanostructured probes to reduce the immune response, and cone-shaped electrodes for promoting tissue ingrowth and long-term recording stability. Herein, the recent progress with reference to the many different types of non-conventional arrays is reviewed while highlighting the challenges to be addressed and the microfabrication techniques necessary to implement such features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaebin Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Joonsoo Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea.
| | - Sung June Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
- Institute on Aging, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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Novel Porous Brain Electrodes for Augmented Local Field Potential Signal Detection. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12030542. [PMID: 30759744 PMCID: PMC6384777 DOI: 10.3390/ma12030542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Intracerebral local field potential (LFP) measurements are commonly used to monitor brain activity, providing insight into the flow of information across neural networks. Herein we describe synthesis and application of a neural electrode possessing a nano/micro-scale porous surface topology for improved LFP measurement. Compared with conventional brain electrodes, the porous electrodes demonstrate higher measured amplitudes with lower noise levels.
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37
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Casson AJ. Wearable EEG and beyond. Biomed Eng Lett 2019; 9:53-71. [PMID: 30956880 DOI: 10.1007/s13534-018-00093-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The electroencephalogram (EEG) is a widely used non-invasive method for monitoring the brain. It is based upon placing conductive electrodes on the scalp which measure the small electrical potentials that arise outside of the head due to neuronal action within the brain. Historically this has been a large and bulky technology, restricted to the monitoring of subjects in a lab or clinic while they are stationary. Over the last decade much research effort has been put into the creation of "wearable EEG" which overcomes these limitations and allows the long term non-invasive recording of brain signals while people are out of the lab and moving about. This paper reviews the recent progress in this field, with particular emphasis on the electrodes used to make connections to the head and the physical EEG hardware. The emergence of conformal "tattoo" type EEG electrodes is highlighted as a key next step for giving very small and socially discrete units. In addition, new recommendations for the performance validation of novel electrode technologies are given, with standards in this area seen as the current main bottleneck to the wider take up of wearable EEG. The paper concludes by considering the next steps in the creation of next generation wearable EEG units, showing that a wide range of research avenues are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Casson
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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38
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Kilias A, Canales A, Froriep UP, Park S, Egert U, Anikeeva P. Optogenetic entrainment of neural oscillations with hybrid fiber probes. J Neural Eng 2018; 15:056006. [PMID: 29923505 PMCID: PMC6125198 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/aacdb9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Optogenetic modulation of neural activity is a ubiquitous tool for basic investigation of brain circuits. While the majority of optogenetic paradigms rely on short light pulses to evoke synchronized activity of optically sensitized cells, many neurobiological processes are associated with slow local field potential (LFP) oscillations. Therefore, we developed a hybrid fiber probe capable of simultaneous electrophysiological recording and optical stimulation and used it to investigate the utility of sinusoidal light stimulation for evoking oscillatory neural activity in vivo across a broad frequency range. APPROACH We fabricated hybrid fiber probes comprising a hollow cylindrical array of 9 electrodes and a flexible optical waveguide integrated within the core. We implanted these probes in the hippocampus of transgenic Thy1-ChR2-YFP mice that broadly express the blue-light sensitive cation channel channelrhodopsin 2 (ChR2) in excitatory neurons across the brain. The effects of the sinusoidal light stimulation were characterized and contrasted with those corresponding to pulsed stimulation in the frequency range of physiological LFP rhythms (3-128 Hz). MAIN RESULTS Within hybrid probes, metal electrode surfaces were vertically aligned with the waveguide tip, which minimized optical stimulation artifacts in neurophysiological recordings. Sinusoidal stimulation resulted in reliable and coherent entrainment of LFP oscillations up to 70 Hz, the cutoff frequency of ChR2, with response amplitudes inversely scaling with the stimulation frequencies. Effectiveness of the stimulation was maintained for two months following implantation. SIGNIFICANCE Alternative stimulation patterns complementing existing pulsed protocols, in particular sinusoidal light stimulation, are a prerequisite for investigating the physiological mechanisms underlying brain rhythms. So far, studies applying sinusoidal stimulation in vivo were limited to single stimulation frequencies. We show the feasibility of sinusoidal stimulation in vivo to induce coherent LFP oscillations across the entire frequency spectrum supported by the gating dynamics of ChR2 and introduce a hybrid fiber probe tailored to continuous light stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antje Kilias
- Bernstein Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Biomicrotechnology, Institute for Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andres Canales
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ulrich P. Froriep
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Simons Center for the Social Brain, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Hannover, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Seongjun Park
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ulrich Egert
- Bernstein Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Biomicrotechnology, Institute for Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Polina Anikeeva
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Imaninezhad M, Pemberton K, Xu F, Kalinowski K, Bera R, Zustiak SP. Directed and enhanced neurite outgrowth following exogenous electrical stimulation on carbon nanotube-hydrogel composites. J Neural Eng 2018; 15:056034. [DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/aad65b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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40
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Ahmadi M, Cruttenden C, Zhu XH, Chen W, Rajamani R. Flexible MRI Compatible Brain Probes. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2018; 2018:4579-4582. [PMID: 30441371 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2018.8513162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The exact localization of signal recording probes or deep stimulation probes by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has significant importance in studying and understanding how the brain functions. But the magnetic susceptibility of the probes itself distorts the MRI image and creates error in position measurement. In this paper we propose an MRI compatible flexible probe with magnetic susceptibility that is well matched with the brain tissue. The well-matched magnetic susceptibility of the probe enables high resolution structural and functional MRI even at ultra-high Bfield strengths. The MRI images shows almost zero artifacts around the implanted probe in the phantom tissue.
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Wellman SM, Eles JR, Ludwig KA, Seymour JP, Michelson NJ, McFadden WE, Vazquez AL, Kozai TDY. A Materials Roadmap to Functional Neural Interface Design. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2018; 28:1701269. [PMID: 29805350 PMCID: PMC5963731 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201701269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Advancement in neurotechnologies for electrophysiology, neurochemical sensing, neuromodulation, and optogenetics are revolutionizing scientific understanding of the brain while enabling treatments, cures, and preventative measures for a variety of neurological disorders. The grand challenge in neural interface engineering is to seamlessly integrate the interface between neurobiology and engineered technology, to record from and modulate neurons over chronic timescales. However, the biological inflammatory response to implants, neural degeneration, and long-term material stability diminish the quality of interface overtime. Recent advances in functional materials have been aimed at engineering solutions for chronic neural interfaces. Yet, the development and deployment of neural interfaces designed from novel materials have introduced new challenges that have largely avoided being addressed. Many engineering efforts that solely focus on optimizing individual probe design parameters, such as softness or flexibility, downplay critical multi-dimensional interactions between different physical properties of the device that contribute to overall performance and biocompatibility. Moreover, the use of these new materials present substantial new difficulties that must be addressed before regulatory approval for use in human patients will be achievable. In this review, the interdependence of different electrode components are highlighted to demonstrate the current materials-based challenges facing the field of neural interface engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven M Wellman
- Department of Bioengineering, Center for the Basis of Neural Cognition, McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, NeuroTech Center, University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute, Center for Neuroscience at the University of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, 208 Center for Biotechnology, 300 Technology Dr., Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States
| | - James R Eles
- Department of Bioengineering, Center for the Basis of Neural Cognition, McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, NeuroTech Center, University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute, Center for Neuroscience at the University of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, 208 Center for Biotechnology, 300 Technology Dr., Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States
| | - Kip A Ludwig
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - John P Seymour
- Electrical & Computer Engineering, 1301 Beal Ave., 2227 EECS, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Nicholas J Michelson
- Department of Bioengineering, Center for the Basis of Neural Cognition, McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, NeuroTech Center, University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute, Center for Neuroscience at the University of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, 208 Center for Biotechnology, 300 Technology Dr., Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States
| | - William E McFadden
- Department of Bioengineering, Center for the Basis of Neural Cognition, McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, NeuroTech Center, University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute, Center for Neuroscience at the University of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, 208 Center for Biotechnology, 300 Technology Dr., Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States
| | - Alberto L Vazquez
- Department of Bioengineering, Center for the Basis of Neural Cognition, McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, NeuroTech Center, University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute, Center for Neuroscience at the University of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, 208 Center for Biotechnology, 300 Technology Dr., Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States
| | - Takashi D Y Kozai
- Department of Bioengineering, Center for the Basis of Neural Cognition, McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, NeuroTech Center, University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute, Center for Neuroscience at the University of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, 208 Center for Biotechnology, 300 Technology Dr., Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States
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Di Lauro M, Benaglia S, Berto M, Bortolotti CA, Zoli M, Biscarini F. Exploiting interfacial phenomena in organic bioelectronics: Conformable devices for bidirectional communication with living systems. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 168:143-147. [PMID: 29588094 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel fully organic bioelectronic device is presented and validated as electronic transducer and current stimulator for brain implants. The device integrates polymeric electrodes made of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) on paper thin foils, resulting in a high surface-to-volume ratio architecture that exhibits high sensitivity to interfacial ionic transport phenomena. The prototyping technique herein presented yields devices for the bidirectional communication with biological systems whose dimensionality can be controlled according to the desired application. Transduction of ultra-low local-field potentials and delivery of voltage pulse-trains alike those used in deep-brain stimulation are herein assessed, paving the way towards novel theranostic strategies for the treatment of Parkinson's Disease and other severe neurodegenerative and/or traumatic pathologies of the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Di Lauro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Simone Benaglia
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Marcello Berto
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Carlo A Bortolotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Michele Zoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Metaboliche e Neuroscienze, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Fabio Biscarini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy; Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia - Center for Translational Neurophysiology, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
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Konerding WS, Froriep UP, Kral A, Baumhoff P. New thin-film surface electrode array enables brain mapping with high spatial acuity in rodents. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3825. [PMID: 29491453 PMCID: PMC5830616 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22051-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In neuroscience, single-shank penetrating multi-electrode arrays are standard for sequentially sampling several cortical sites with high spatial and temporal resolution, with the disadvantage of neuronal damage. Non-penetrating surface grids used in electrocorticography (ECoG) permit simultaneous recording of multiple cortical sites, with limited spatial resolution, due to distance to neuronal tissue, large contact size and high impedances. Here we compared new thin-film parylene C ECoG grids, covering the guinea pig primary auditory cortex, with simultaneous recordings from penetrating electrode array (PEAs), inserted through openings in the grid material. ECoG grid local field potentials (LFP) showed higher response thresholds and amplitudes compared to PEAs. They enabled, however, fast and reliable tonotopic mapping of the auditory cortex (place-frequency slope: 0.7 mm/octave), with tuning widths similar to PEAs. The ECoG signal correlated best with supragranular layers, exponentially decreasing with cortical depth. The grids also enabled recording of multi-unit activity (MUA), yielding several advantages over LFP recordings, including sharper frequency tunings. ECoG first spike latency showed highest similarity to superficial PEA contacts and MUA traces maximally correlated with PEA recordings from the granular layer. These results confirm high quality of the ECoG grid recordings and the possibility to collect LFP and MUA simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- W S Konerding
- Institute of AudioNeuroTechnology and Department of Experimental Otology, ENT Clinics, Stadtfelddamm 34, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - U P Froriep
- Translational Biomedical Engineering, Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Nikolai-Fuchs-Strasse 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - A Kral
- Institute of AudioNeuroTechnology and Department of Experimental Otology, ENT Clinics, Stadtfelddamm 34, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - P Baumhoff
- Institute of AudioNeuroTechnology and Department of Experimental Otology, ENT Clinics, Stadtfelddamm 34, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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Bueno-López M, Muñoz-Gutiérrez PA, Giraldo E, Molinas M. Analysis of Epileptic Activity Based on Brain Mapping of EEG Adaptive Time-Frequency Decomposition. Brain Inform 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-05587-5_30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Versatile Flexible Graphene Multielectrode Arrays. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2016; 7:bios7010001. [PMID: 28025564 PMCID: PMC5371774 DOI: 10.3390/bios7010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Graphene is a promising material possessing features relevant to bioelectronics applications. Graphene microelectrodes (GMEAs), which are fabricated in a dense array on a flexible polyimide substrate, were investigated in this work for their performance via electrical impedance spectroscopy. Biocompatibility and suitability of the GMEAs for extracellular recordings were tested by measuring electrical activities from acute heart tissue and cardiac muscle cells. The recordings show encouraging signal-to-noise ratios of 65 ± 15 for heart tissue recordings and 20 ± 10 for HL-1 cells. Considering the low noise and excellent robustness of the devices, the sensor arrays are suitable for diverse and biologically relevant applications.
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Chang JW, Jun SB. Special issue on implantable neural interface. Biomed Eng Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13534-016-0236-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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